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CAMBODIA: GETTING AWAY with AUTHORITARIANISM? Duncan Mccargo
CAMBODIA: GETTING AWAY WITH AUTHORITARIANISM? Duncan McCargo Duncan McCargo is professor of Southeast Asian politics at the Uni- versity of Leeds. His latest book is The Thaksinization of Thailand (with Ukrist Pathmanand, 2005). His essay “Democracy Under Stress in Thaksin’s Thailand” appeared in the October 2002 issue of the Journal of Democracy. What if a country holds an election but it proves not to matter? Cam- bodians voted nationwide in July 2003, only to see their polity’s three main political parties take almost a year to form a new administration. The long-ruling Cambodian People’s Party (CPP) of Prime Minister Hun Sen won 47.4 percent of the popular vote but gained 59.3 percent of the seats in the National Assembly thanks to Cambodia’s unusual “highest- average” system of proportional voting, which favors large parties.1 The CPP’s two main rivals, the nominally royalist formation known by its French acronym of FUNCINPEC and the populist opposition Sam Rainsy Party (or SRP, named for its founder and leading personality) each won around about a fifth of the total vote and a similar share of seats in the 123-member National Assembly (the actual seat totals were 73 for the CPP, 26 for FUNCINPEC, and 24 for the SRP). Since Cambodia’s 1993 constitution stipulates that a two-thirds par- liamentary majority is needed to form a government, the parties had to bargain in the election’s wake. Bargain they did, for 11 long months. All during this time Cambodia had no properly constituted govern- ment, but little changed. -
PM: Cambodia Is Not a Place for Establishment of Any Government in Exile DPM Hor Namhong: No Deal on Foreign Refugees Reached Y
PAGE1 YEAR: 7 NO: 67 BULLETIN: MAY 2014 CONTENT: PM: Cambodia Is Not a Place for Establishment of Any Government PM: Canbodia Is not a Place for Establishment of Anu Government in in Exile Exile AKP Phnom Penh, use its territory to Cambodia would not as Pheu Thai Party DPM Hor Namhong: No Deal on Foreign May 27, 2014 – establish any move- interfere in Thai af- understand Cambo- Refugees Reached Yet Samdech Akka Mo- ment against any for- fairs. dia’s stance.” between Cambodia and ha Sena Padei Techo eign government, “As Cambodia Samdech Techo Australia PAGE 1 Hun Sen, Prime underlined the Cam- shares border with Prime Minister also Minister of the King- bodian premier at a Thailand, we have to took the opportunity Cambodia, Japan Sign the Exchange of Notes dom of Cambodia, graduation ceremony maintain normal re- to call on the Cam- on the Grant Aid for said here this morn- of the Royal Univer- lations with the bodian people who “Japanese Development ing that Cambodia sity of Phnom Penh country despite civil have been traveling Scholarship” Project PAGE 2 will not allow any held at Koh Pich or military-ruled and working in Thai- country or any group Convention and Ex- government,” said land to respect the Cambodia, UNESCO Reach MoU on Drafting to form a govern- hibition Center. Samdech Techo Hun country’s law by not the Law on Access to ment in exile on its Regarding the cur- Sen. “There is no joining any anti- or Information [Cambodian] territo- rent situation in other choice, I hope pro-government ac- Congratulatory Cere- ry. -
Activities on the 2017 Elections Commune Sangkat
Committee For Free and Fair Elections in Cambodia (COMFREL) #138, Str 122 Teuk Laak 1, Toulkork, Phnom Penh xumE®hVl Box: 1145 COMFREL Tel: 023 884 150 Fax:023 885 745 Email [email protected], [email protected] Website www.comfrel.org Final Assessment and Report on the 2017 Commune Council Elections Contents Acronyms ................................................................................................................................................ 4 Foreword ................................................................................................................................................. 7 1. Introduction ....................................................................................................................................... 8 2. Executive Summary .............................................................................................................................. 9 2.1. Principal Findings .......................................................................................................................... 9 2.2 What Others Say ........................................................................................................................... 17 2.3 Overall Assessment ...................................................................................................................... 19 3. Political Environment ......................................................................................................................... 19 3.1 Unilateral legislative changes contrary -
On the Margins RIGHTS Rights Abuses of Ethnic Khmer in Vietnam’S Mekong Delta WATCH
Vietnam HUMAN On the Margins RIGHTS Rights Abuses of Ethnic Khmer in Vietnam’s Mekong Delta WATCH On the Margins Rights Abuses of Ethnic Khmer in Vietnam’s Mekong Delta Copyright © 2009 Human Rights Watch All rights reserved. Printed in the United States of America ISBN: 1-56432-426-5 Cover design by Rafael Jimenez Human Rights Watch 350 Fifth Avenue, 34th floor New York, NY 10118-3299 USA Tel: +1 212 290 4700, Fax: +1 212 736 1300 [email protected] Poststraße 4-5 10178 Berlin, Germany Tel: +49 30 2593 06-10, Fax: +49 30 2593 0629 [email protected] Avenue des Gaulois, 7 1040 Brussels, Belgium Tel: + 32 (2) 732 2009, Fax: + 32 (2) 732 0471 [email protected] 64-66 Rue de Lausanne 1202 Geneva, Switzerland Tel: +41 22 738 0481, Fax: +41 22 738 1791 [email protected] 2-12 Pentonville Road, 2nd Floor London N1 9HF, UK Tel: +44 20 7713 1995, Fax: +44 20 7713 1800 [email protected] 27 Rue de Lisbonne 75008 Paris, France Tel: +33 (1)43 59 55 35, Fax: +33 (1) 43 59 55 22 [email protected] 1630 Connecticut Avenue, N.W., Suite 500 Washington, DC 20009 USA Tel: +1 202 612 4321, Fax: +1 202 612 4333 [email protected] Web Site Address: http://www.hrw.org January 2009 1-56432-426-5 On the Margins Rights Abuses of Ethnic Khmer in Vietnam’s Mekong Delta Map of Mekong Delta Region Provinces, Vietnam........................................................................ 1 I. Summary .................................................................................................................................. 2 The crackdown in Vietnam .................................................................................................... 3 Cambodia’s repression of Khmer Krom activists ................................................................... -
Microsoft Office XP
India-Cambodia Relations India-Cambodia relations go back to the 1st century AD when Hindu and Buddhist religious and cultural influences emanated out of India to various parts of South-East Asia. Cambodians are today predominantly Buddhist but retain a strong influence of Hindu rituals, idolatry and mythology. The pervading influence of Hinduism, Buddhism, and Indian architecture are borne out by the magnificent structures at Angkor Wat, Angkor Thom, Bayon, Ta Phrom and other religious and historical sites in Cambodia. India-Cambodia bilateral relations are warm and cordial. In the 1950s, India was associated with the International Control Commission on Indo-China. After the collapse of the Khmer Rouge regime, India recognized the new government and opened its Embassy in Phnom Penh in 1981 when much of the world shunned Cambodia. This factor along with India’s association with the Paris Peace Accords and their finalization in 1991 is fondly remembered by the Cambodian leadership. India also committed military and non-military personnel for the conduct of the UNTAC-sponsored elections in 1993. India was one of the original contributors to UN de-mining operations in Cambodia. Furthermore, Government of India responded to an appeal by Cambodian Government to undertake the conservation of the famous Angkor Wat temple during the period 1986 to 1993 at a cost of US$ 4 million, at a time when peace in the country was yet to be settled. Contemporary times have witnessed expansion of cooperation in diverse fields such as institutional capacity building, human resource development, and extension of financial assistance in infrastructure projects, security and defence. -
Un Archives Series Box ; ( 2..,3
PEOPL-e-.s 'JZ ePL> 6 \...,\ c_ UN ARCHIVES SERIES BOX ; ( 2..,3 • UNITED NATIONS AS General Assembly Distr. Security Council GENERAL A/48/621 S/26771 19 November 1993 ENGLISH ORIGINAL: FRENCH GENERAL ASSEMBLY SECURITY COUNCIL Forty-eighth session Forty-eighth year Agenda item 79 REVIEW OF THE IMPLEMENTATION OF THE DECLARATION ON THE STRENGTHENING OF INTERNATIONAL SECURITY Letter dated 18 November 1993 from the Permanent Representatives of Cambodia and the Lao People"s Democratic Republic to the United Nations addressed to the Secretary-General We have the honour to transmit to you herewith a joint Lao-Cambodian communique dated 7 November 1993, signed at Phnom Penh by His Excellency Khamtay Siphandone, Prime Minister of the Government of the Lao People"s Democratic Republic, and His Royal Highness Sdech Krom Luong Norodom Ranariddh, First President of the Council of Ministers, and His Excellency Mr. Hun Sen, Second President of the Council of Ministers of the Royal Government of Cambodia (see annex). We would be grateful if you would arrange for the text of this letter and its annex to be circulated as an official document of the General Assembly, under agenda i tem 79 and of the Security Council. (Signed) Alounkeo KITTIKHOUN (Signed) Sisowath SIRIRATH Ambassador Ambassador Permanent Representative of the Permanent Representative Lao People"s Democratic Republic of the Kingdom of Cambodia 93-64893 (E) 221193 221193 I ..• A/48/621 S/26771 English Page 2 ANNEX Joint Lao-Cambodian Communique dated 7 November 1993, signed at Phnom Penh by the Prime Minister of the Government of the Lao People's Democratic Republic and the First and Second Presidents of the Council of Ministers of the Government of Cambodia 1. -
US-Cambodia Relations: New Momentum
Asia Pacific Bulletin Number 80 | November 9, 2010 US-Cambodia Relations: New Momentum BY VANNARITH CHHEANG During her sixth trip to the Asia-Pacific in the last twenty months, US Secretary of State Hillary Clinton’s visit to Cambodia from October 30 through November 1 continues to reinforce US engagement throughout the region in general, and US-Cambodia relations in particular. It is worth noting that this is the first trip by a Secretary of State to Cambodia since Colin Powell went in 2003 for the ASEAN Regional Forum. During her visit, Secretary Clinton paid a courtesy call to His Majesty the King of Cambodia Norodom Sihamoni and held separate meetings with Prime Minister Hun Sen and Hor Namhong, the deputy prime minister and foreign minister. She also met with Vannarith Chheang, Visiting Ms. Mu Sochua, the deputy secretary general of the opposition Sam Rainsy Party, visited Fellow at the East-West Center in several US-supported non-governmental organizations, and conducted a town hall Washington and Executive Director meeting with Cambodian students. In addition to diplomatic talks on US-Cambodia relations, bilateral engagement focused on the issues of outstanding debt from the Lon Nol of the Cambodian Institute for era, human rights, and the UN-sponsored Extraordinary Chambers in the Court of Cooperation and Peace, outlines Cambodia (ECCC), otherwise known as the Khmer Rouge Tribunal. On the cultural and how US Secretary of State Hillary humanitarian side, Secretary Clinton visited the Angkor temple complex, a UNESCO world heritage site in Siem Reap province, followed by a visit to the Tuol Sleng Khmer Clinton’s visit to Cambodia Rouge genocide and torture museum in the capital Phnom Penh. -
Document Procedure Debated As New Witness Takes the Stand by Mary Kozlovski
Document Procedure Debated as New Witness Takes the Stand By Mary Kozlovski On Wednesday, August 15, 2012, trial proceedings in Case 002 involving the accused Nuon Chea, Ieng Sary, and Khieu Samphan resumed at the Extraordinary Chambers in the Courts of Cambodia (ECCC). Witness Suong Sikoeun – an intellectual who returned to Cambodia from abroad during the Khmer Rouge period – continued his testimony today with questioning from lawyers for Nuon Chea and Ieng Sary. Witness Sa Siek began her testimony before the Trial Chamber, when she was questioned in the afternoon by the prosecution. Ieng Sary observed the day’s proceedings from a holding cell, while Nuon Chea retired to a holding cell after the morning session. Nuon Chea Defense Resumes Examination of Suong Sikoeun International Co-Lawyer for Nuon Chea Jasper Pauw began the day’s questioning of witness Suong Sikoeun by again referring to a telegram from the United States embassy in Phnom Penh to the U.S. State Department in Washington, D.C., in September 1971. Mr. Pauw quoted from Mr. Sikoeun’s August 8 testimony that FUNK (National United Front of Kampuchea) was a political organization with a central committee and a politburo of the central committee, of which Pen Nouth was chairman. In response to a query from Mr. Pauw, Mr. Sikoeun confirmed that Keat Chhon was a candidate member of the FUNK politburo in 1971. Mr. Pauw said Keat Chhon was one of several people with asterisks next to their names who, according to the telegram, had been “dared by Prince Sihanouk to form a government” in the 1960s. -
Grave Violations of Human Rights on Cambodia
GRAVE VIOLATIONS OF HUMAN RIGHTS ON CAMBODIA NATIONAL RESCUE PARTY Torture and Death- the case of Tith Rorn 38-year-old Tith Rorn died on 18 April in Kompong Cham prison after his arrest on 15 April. https://www.phnompenhpost.com/national-politics/officials- respond-kampong-cham-prison-death According to Eam Tieat, Tith Rorn’s father, 3 commune police officers came to his home on 15 April and took Tith Rorn away without an arrest warrant. In the evening of 18 April, a neighbor came to inform the father that his son had died in prison. He should go to the provincial prison to fetch the body. In the morning of 19 April, the father went to the prison and found his son’s body. He was allowed to bring the body home for proper funeral arrangements. The authorities covered the cost of the ambulance and part of the funeral arrangements. Police told him that his son had epileptic seizures three or four times a day when in detention. He categorically rejected it as his son had no history of epilepsy. On 30 April the father made an appeal, recoded on video , to Prof. Rhona Smith - the UN Special Rapporteur on Human Rights to bring justice to his son. The video is widely circulated on Facebook. A video of the body when returned home, shows that the neck was broken, the right eye severely bruised and suspicious marks on his back. This video is also widely circulating on Facebook. According to the police report on 30 April, Kompong Cham prosecutor ordered an investigation of the death on 29 April. -
Authoritarian Politics and the Outcome of Nonviolent Uprisings
Authoritarian Politics and the Outcome of Nonviolent Uprisings Jonathan Sutton Thesis submitted for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy National Centre for Peace and Conflict Studies/Te Ao o Rongomaraeroa University of Otago/Te Whare Wānanga o Otāgo July 2018 Abstract This thesis examines how the internal dynamics of authoritarian regimes influence the outcome of mass nonviolent uprisings. Although research on civil resistance has identified several factors explaining why campaigns succeed or fail in overthrowing autocratic rulers, to date these accounts have largely neglected the characteristics of the regimes themselves, thus limiting our ability to understand why some break down while others remain cohesive in the face of nonviolent protests. This thesis sets out to address this gap by exploring how power struggles between autocrats and their elite allies influence regime cohesion in the face of civil resistance. I argue that the degeneration of power-sharing at the elite level into personal autocracy, where the autocrat has consolidated individual control over the regime, increases the likelihood that the regime will break down in response to civil resistance, as dissatisfied members of the ruling elite become willing to support an alternative to the status quo. In contrast, under conditions of power-sharing, elites are better able to guarantee their interests, thus giving them a greater stake in regime survival and increasing regime cohesion in response to civil resistance. Due to the methodological challenges involved in studying authoritarian regimes, this thesis uses a mixed methods approach, drawing on both quantitative and qualitative data and methods to maximise the breadth of evidence that can be used, balance the weaknesses of using either approach in isolation, and gain a more complete understanding of the connection between authoritarian politics and nonviolent uprisings. -
Cambodia's Dirty Dozen
HUMAN RIGHTS CAMBODIA’S DIRTY DOZEN A Long History of Rights Abuses by Hun Sen’s Generals WATCH Cambodia’s Dirty Dozen A Long History of Rights Abuses by Hun Sen’s Generals Copyright © 2018 Human Rights Watch All rights reserved. Printed in the United States of America ISBN: 978-1-6231-36222 Cover design by Rafael Jimenez Human Rights Watch defends the rights of people worldwide. We scrupulously investigate abuses, expose the facts widely, and pressure those with power to respect rights and secure justice. Human Rights Watch is an independent, international organization that works as part of a vibrant movement to uphold human dignity and advance the cause of human rights for all. Human Rights Watch is an international organization with staff in more than 40 countries, and offices in Amsterdam, Beirut, Berlin, Brussels, Chicago, Geneva, Goma, Johannesburg, London, Los Angeles, Moscow, Nairobi, New York, Paris, San Francisco, Sydney, Tokyo, Toronto, Tunis, Washington DC, and Zurich. For more information, please visit our website: http://www.hrw.org JUNE 2018 ISBN: 978-1-6231-36222 Cambodia’s Dirty Dozen A Long History of Rights Abuses by Hun Sen’s Generals Map of Cambodia ............................................................................................................... 7 Summary ........................................................................................................................... 1 Khmer Rouge-era Abuses ......................................................................................................... -
Samdech Hun Sen Received by King-Father and Queen-Mother
YEAR: 3 NO:35 BULLETIN:NOVEMBER - DECEMBER,2010 CONTENT : PAGE 1 - Samdech Hun Sen Received Samdech Hun Sen Received by King-Father by King-Father and Queen- and Queen-Mother Mother. Page 1 - China, Cambodia Pledge to Phnom Penh, 13, Chinese December 15, Premier Wen Further Enhance Ties. Page 1 2010 AKP — Jiabao an- Prime Minis- nounced to - National Assembly President ter Samdech consider Cam- Backs Home from Cuba. Akka Moha b o d i a a s Page 2 Sena Padei Te- China’s and cho Hun Sen the Chinese was received in people’s best - ADB Supports Cambodian a royal audience friend and to Financial Sector Reform. by His Majesty enhance the Page 2 K i n g - F a t h e r ties of coopera- Norodom Siha- tion between nouk and Her the two coun- - Cambodia-Thailand Visa Ex- Majesty Queen- nd tries, from emption Agreement Comes Prime Minister Samdech Akka Moha Sena Padei Techo Hun Sen (2 Mother Norodom Left) pays a courtesy visit to retired King Norodom Sihanouk and Queen reliable part- into Force. Page 3 Monineath Siha- Monineath Sihanouk in Beijing . ners to highest nouk on Dec. 14 -level strategic - Cambodia Holds Meeting on in Beijing, on the sec- Samdech Techo Hun lot of benefits to the partners, Samdech ond day of the pre- Sen informed the for- country and the Cam- Techo Hun Sen Reintegration of Victims of mier’s five-day offi- mer monarchs of his bodian people. said… Human Trafficking. Page 3 cial visit to China. visit in China, which During the bilat- On the occasion, he said has brought a eral meeting on Dec.