STUDIES IN HELLENISTIC JUDAISM

BY

LOUIS H. FELDMAN

'68*

E.J. BRILL LEIDEN • NEW YORK • KOLN 1996 CONTENTS

Preface ix Introduction 1

PART I: JOSEPHUS 1. Asinius Pollio and His Jewish Interests 37 2. The Identity of Pollio, the Pharisee, in Josephus 45 3. Asinius Pollio and Herod's Sons 52 4. Josephus' Jewish Antiquities and Pseudo-Philo's Biblical Antiquities 57 5. Josephus' Vocabulary for Slavery (co-authored with John G. Gibbs) 83 6. The Term "Galileans" in Josephus Ill 7. Josephus' Attitude toward the Samaritans: A Study in Ambivalence 114 8. Josephus' Portrayal of the Hasmoneans Compared with 1 Maccabees 137 9. The Sources of Josephus' Antiquities, Book 19 164 10. Pro-Jewish Intimations in Anti-Jewish Remarks Cited in Josephus' Against Apion 177 11. The Influence of Josephus on Cotton Mather's Biblia Americana: A Study in Ambiguity 237

PART II: JUDAISM AND CHRISTIANITY 12. Is the New Testament Anti-Semitic? 277 13. The Relationship between Pagan and Early Christian Anti-Semitism 289 14. The Jewish Sources of Peter Comestor's Commentary on Genesis in his Historia Sckolastica 317

PART ni: LATIN LITERATURE AND THE JEWS 15. The Enigma of Horace's Thirtieth Sabbath 351 16. Pro-Jewish Intimations in Tacitus' Account of Jewish Origins 377 VU1 PREFACE

PART IV: THE ROMANS IN RABBINIC LITERATURE 17. Abba Kolon and the Founding of Rome 411 18. Some Observations on Rabbinic Reaction to Roman Rule in Third Century Palestine 438

PART V: OTHER STUDIES IN HELLENISTIC JUDAISM 19. Torah and Secular Culture: Challenge and Response in the Hellenistic Period 487 20. Philo's Views on Music 504 21..The Jews as Viewed by Plutarch 529 22. Some-Observations on the Name of Palestine 553 23. Diaspora Synagogues: New Light from Inscriptions and Papyri 577

Bibliography: Josephus' Portrayal of the Hasmoneans as Compared with 1 Maccabees 603 Abbreviations 606 Indices 608 1. Passages from Ancient Writers 608 a. Jewish Scriptures \ 608 b. Apocrypha, Pseudepigrapha, and Dead Sea Scrolls.... 611 c. New Testament 612 d. Koran 613 e. Hellenistic Jewish Literature: Josephus, Philo, Other (Alleged) Graeco-Jewish Writers 613 f. Rabbinic and Allied Literature 624 g. Christian Writings 628 h. Inscriptions, Prosopography, and Papyri and Ostraca 635 i. Classical Greek Authors 636 j. Classical Latin Authors 646 2. Names and Subjects 654 3. Greek, Latin, and Hebrew Words 665 4. Modern Scholars 669