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Monaco 2019: Compact Athletes' Bios (PDF)
Men's 100m Diamond Discipline 12.07.2019 Start list 100m Time: 21:35 Records Lane Athlete Nat NR PB SB 1Arthur CISSÉCIV9.949.9410.01WR 9.58 Usain BOLT JAM Berlin 16.08.09 2 Akani SIMBINE RSA 9.89 9.89 9.95 AR 9.86 Francis OBIKWELU POR Athina 22.08.04 3 Justin GATLIN USA 9.69 9.74 9.87 =AR 9.86 Jimmy VICAUT FRA Paris 04.07.15 =AR 9.86 Jimmy VICAUT FRA Montreuil-sous-Bois 07.06.16 4 Divine ODUDURU NGR 9.85 9.86 9.86 NR 10.53 Sébastien GATTUSO MON Dijon 12.07.08 5Noah LYLESUSA9.699.869.86WJR 9.97 Trayvon BROMELL USA Eugene, OR 13.06.14 6 Cravon GILLESPIE USA 9.69 9.93 9.93 MR 9.78 Justin GATLIN USA 17.07.15 7 Michael RODGERS USA 9.69 9.85 10.00 DLR 9.69 Yohan BLAKE JAM Lausanne 23.08.12 8 Jimmy VICAUT FRA 9.86 9.86 10.07 SB 9.81 Christian COLEMAN USA Palo Alto, CA 30.06.19 2019 World Outdoor list Medal Winners Road To The Final 9.81 -0.1 Christian COLEMAN USA Palo Alto, CA 30.06.19 1 Christian COLEMAN (USA) 23 9.86 +0.9 Noah LYLES USA Shanghai 18.05.19 2018 - Berlin European Ch. 2 Michael RODGERS (USA) 11 9.86 +0.8 Divine ODUDURU NGR Austin, TX 07.06.19 1. Zharnel HUGHES (GBR) 9.95 3 Zhenye XIE (CHN) 10 9.87 -0.1 Justin GATLIN USA Palo Alto, CA 30.06.19 2. -
2019 World Championships Statistics – Women’S PV by K Ken Nakamura
2019 World Championships Statistics – Women’s PV by K Ken Nakamura The records to look for in Doha: 1) Can Sandi Morris become only the second US PV to win the World Championships? 2) Can Eliza McCartney become the first PV from NZL to win a medal at World Championships? Summary: All time Performance List at the World Championships Performance Performer Height Name Nat Pos Venue Year 1 1 5.01WR Yelena Isinbayeva RUS 1 Helsinki 2005 2 2 4.91 Ekaterini Stefanidi GRE 1 London 2017 3 3 4.90 Yarisley Silva CUB 1 Beijing 2015 4 4.89 Yelena Isinbayeva 1 Moskva 2013 5 4 4.85 Fabiana Murer BRA 1 Daegu 2011 5 4.85 Fabiana Murer 2 Beijing 2015 7 5 4.82 Jennifer Suhr USA 2 Moskva 2013 7 4.82 Yarisley Silva 3 Moskva 2013 9 4.80 Yelena Isinbayeva 1 Osaka 2007 9 6 4.80 Martina Strutz GER 2 Daegu 2011 9 6 4.80 Nikoleta Kiriakapoulou GRE 3 Beijing 2015 Margin of Victory Difference Height Name Nat Venue Year Max 41cm 5.01m Yelena Isinbayeva RUS Helsinki 2005 Min 0cm 4.75m Stacy Dragila USA Edmonton 2001 Best Marks for Places in the World Championships Pos Height Name Nat Venue Year 1 5.01 Yelena Isinbayeva RUS Helsinki 2005 2 4.85 Fabiana Murer BRA Beijing 2015 4.82 Jennifer Suhr USA Moskva 2013 4.80 Martina Strutz GER Daegu 2011 4.75 Svetlana Feofanova RUS Edmonton 2001 Katerina Badurova CZE Osaka 2007 Sandi Morris USA London 2017 3 4.82 Yarisley Silva CUB Moskva 2013 4.75 Svetlana Feofanova RUS Osaka 2007 Svetlana Feofanova RUS Daegu 2011 4 4.75 Monika Pyrek POL Osaka 2007 Silke Spiegelburg GER Moskva 2013 Multiple Gold Medalists: Yelena Isinbayeva (RUS): -
Women's 3000M Steeplechase
Games of the XXXII Olympiad • Biographical Entry List • Women Women’s 3000m Steeplechase Entrants: 47 Event starts: August 1 Age (Days) Born SB PB 1003 GEGA Luiza ALB 32y 266d 1988 9:29.93 9:19.93 -19 NR Holder of all Albanian records from 800m to Marathon, plus the Steeplechase 5000 pb: 15:36.62 -19 (15:54.24 -21). 800 pb: 2:01.31 -14. 1500 pb: 4:02.63 -15. 3000 pb: 8:52.53i -17, 8:53.78 -16. 10,000 pb: 32:16.25 -21. Half Mar pb: 73:11 -17; Marathon pb: 2:35:34 -20 ht EIC 800 2011/2013; 1 Balkan 1500 2011/1500; 1 Balkan indoor 1500 2012/2013/2014/2016 & 3000 2018/2020; ht ECH 800/1500 2012; 2 WSG 1500 2013; sf WCH 1500 2013 (2015-ht); 6 WIC 1500 2014 (2016/2018-ht); 2 ECH 3000SC 2016 (2018-4); ht OLY 3000SC 2016; 5 EIC 1500 2017; 9 WCH 3000SC 2019. Coach-Taulant Stermasi Marathon (1): 1 Skopje 2020 In 2021: 1 Albanian winter 3000; 1 Albanian Cup 3000SC; 1 Albanian 3000/5000; 11 Doha Diamond 3000SC; 6 ECP 10,000; 1 ETCh 3rd League 3000SC; She was the Albanian flagbearer at the opening ceremony in Tokyo (along with weightlifter Briken Calja) 1025 CASETTA Belén ARG 26y 307d 1994 9:45.79 9:25.99 -17 Full name-Belén Adaluz Casetta South American record holder. 2017 World Championship finalist 5000 pb: 16:23.61 -16. 1500 pb: 4:19.21 -17. 10 World Youth 2011; ht WJC 2012; 1 Ibero-American 2016; ht OLY 2016; 1 South American 2017 (2013-6, 2015-3, 2019-2, 2021-3); 2 South American 5000 2017; 11 WCH 2017 (2019-ht); 3 WSG 2019 (2017-6); 3 Pan-Am Games 2019. -
Salafists Scuttle Bid to Appoint Elbaradei As PM
SUBSCRIPTION SUNDAY, JULY 7, 2013 SHAABAN 28, 1434 AH www.kuwaittimes.net US leaker Gunmen Runaway Bartoli routs Snowden’s kill 42 in train explodes, Lisicki to hopes rise on Nigeria levels center of win first asylum8 offers school attack8 Canada15 town Wimbledon20 title Salafists scuttle bid to Max 48º Min 35º appoint ElBaradei as PM High Tide 00:20 & 10:20 Low Tide Islamists mass again • Qaradawi: Egyptians should back Morsi 05:01& 18:37 40 PAGES NO: 15862 150 FILS CAIRO: Egyptian state television said the interim prime 418 hopefuls in minister had not yet been chosen, after named officials Jet crash-lands in US and state media earlier said Mohamed ElBaradei would race as oppn be appointed yesterday. The late-night report followed Egypt’s second biggest Islamist group, which had initially backed a military-led political roadmap to guide the boycotts polls country to new elections, opposing the nomination of liberal politician ElBaradei. The military ousted Islamist By B Izzak President Mohamed Morsi on Wednesday, and his Muslim Brotherhood movement has led protests in KUWAIT: Registration for the July 27 election closed which dozens of people have yesterday after 418 candidates filed nomination been killed. papers including only eight women as the opposi- The Tamarod movement, tion remained steadfast by almost completely boy- which engineered mass cotting the second polls in a row in protest against protests culminating in the the amendment of the electoral law. Withdrawal of overthrow of Morsi, had earlier candidacy will remain open until seven days before announced the appointment of the election day, or on July 19. -
High Jump Men
RESULT LIST High Jump Men RESULT NAME COUNTRY DATE VENUE WR 2.45 Javier Sotomayor CUB 27 Jul 1993 Salamanca WL 2.41 Mutaz Essa Barshim QAT 30 May 2015 Eugene (Hayward Field), OR MR 2.31 Bába Jaroslav CZE 13 Jun 2011 Praha TEMPERATURE HUMIDITY START TIME 18:45 18.4°C 61.5% June 8 2015 END TIME 19:53 17.1°C 64.4% PLACE BIB NAME COUNTRY DATE of BIRTH ORDER RESULT POINTS 2.10 2.15 2.19 2.22 2.25 2.28 2.31 2.33 2.35 1 97 Alexandr Shustov RUS 29 Jun 84 5 2.28 SB - O O O XXO O XXX 2 6 Jaroslav Bába CZE 2 Sep 84 12 2.28 SB - O O - O XO XXX 3 99 Daniyil Tsyplakov RUS 29 Jul 92 8 2.25 - O O O O XXX 4 98 Mihai Donisan ROU 24 Jul 88 7 2.25 O O O XO O XXX 5 100 Vadim Vrublevskiy RUS 18 Jul 93 2 2.25 =PB XO O O XO XO XXX 6 304 Stanys Raivydas LTU 3 Feb 87 3 2.22 O XO O XO XXX 7= 103 Sylwester Bednarek POL 28 Apr 89 11 2.19 O O O - XXX 7= 102 Alexey Dmitrik RUS 12 Apr 84 13 2.19 O O O XXX 9 101 Gianmarco Tamberi ITA 1 Jun 92 9 2.15 O O XXX 10 96 Mickael Hanany FRA 25 Mar 83 6 2.15 XO O XXX 11 104 Kabelo Kgosiemang BOT 7 Jan 86 4 2.15 O XO XXX 105 Wojciech Theiner POL 25 Jun 86 10 DNS 308 Matyáš Dalecký CZE 5 Jan 94 1 NM XXX ALL-TIME TOP LIST 2015 TOP LIST RESULT NAME VENUE DATE RESULT NAME VENUE DATE 2.45 Javier Sotomayor (CUB) Salamanca 27 Jul 1993 2.41 Mutaz Essa Barshim (QAT) Eugene (Hayward 30 May 2.43 Mutaz Essa Barshim (QAT) Bruxelles 5 Sep 2014 2.38 Guowei Zhang (CHN) Eugene (Hayward 30 May 2.42 Patrik Sjöberg (SWE) Stockholm 30 Jun 1987 2.37 Bohdan Bondarenko (UKR) Kawasaki 10 May 2.42 Bohdan Bondarenko (UKR) New York (Icahn), NY 14 Jun 2014 -
2019 World Championships Statistics – Men’S HJ by K Ken Nakamura
2019 World Championships Statistics – Men’s HJ by K Ken Nakamura The records to look for in Doha: 1) Can Starc become first AUS to win the World Championships? 2) Can Barshim become only the second HJ (after Sotomayor) to win back to back WC? Summary: All time Performance List at the World Championships Performance Performer Height Name Nat Pos Venue Year 1 1 2.41 Bohdan Bondarenko UKR 1 Moskva 2013 2 2 2.40 Javier Sotomayor CUB 1 Stuttgart 1993 3 3 2.38 Patrik Sjöberg SWE 1 Roma 1987 3 3 2.38 Igor Paklin URS 2= Roma 1987 3 3 2.38 Gennadiy Avdyeyenko URS 2= Roma 1987 3 3 2.38 Charles Austin USA 1 Tokyo 1991 3 3 2.38 Mutaz Essa Barshim QAT 2 Moskva 2013 3 3 2.38 Derek Drouin CAN 3 Moskva 2013 Margin of Victory Max 3c m 2.35m Mutaz Essa Barshim QAT London 2017 2.41m Bohdan Bondarenko UKR Moskva 2013 2.40m Javier Sotomayor CUB Stuttgart 1993 2.36m Martin Buss GER Edmonton 2001 2.35m Jacques Freitag RSA Paris 2003 2.32m Yuriy Krimarenko UKR Helsinki 2005 Min 0cm 2. 32m Gennadiy Avd ye yenko URS Helsinki 1983 2.38m Patrik Sjöberg SWE Roma 1987 2.37m Troy Kemp BAH Göteborg 1995 2.35m Donald Thomas BAH Osaka 2007 2.32m Yaroslav Rybakov RUS Berlin 2009 2.35m Jesse Williams USA Daegu 2011 Best Marks for Places in the World Championships Pos Height Name Nat Venue Year 1 2.41 Bohdan Bondarenko UKR Moskva 2013 2.40 Javier Sotomayor CUB Stuttgart 1993 2 2.38 Mutaz Essa Barshim QAT Moskva 2013 Igor Paklin URS Roma 1987 Gennadiy Avdyeyenko URS Roma 1987 3 2.38 Derek Drouin CAN Moskva 2013 2.37 Steve Smith GBR Stuttgart 1993 4 2.36 Dalton Grant GBR Tokyo -
70. Hanžeković Memorial
70. Hanžeković Memorial Zagreb, 14 - 15 September 2020 START LIST 100 Metres Men RESULT NAME COUNTRY DATE VENUE WR 9.58 Usain BOLT JAM 16 Aug 2009 Olympiastadion, Berlin (GER) WL 9.86 Michael NORMAN USA 20 Jul 2020 AP Ranch, Fort Worth, TX (USA) MR 9.85 Usain Bolt JAM 13 Sep 2011 Zagreb September 15 2020 20:50 LANE BIB NAME COUNTRY DATE of BIRTH PERSONAL BEST SEASON BEST 2 17 Marko Čeko CRO 3 Aug 00 10.46 10.46 3 79 Ramil Guliyev TUR 29 May 90 09.97 10.23 4 87 Michael Rodgers USA 24 Apr 85 09.85 10.15 5 12 Arthur Cisse CIV 29 Dec 96 09.93 10.21 6 40 Kojo Musah DEN 15 Apr 96 10.29 10.29 7 80 Jak Ali Harvey TUR 4 May 89 09.92 10.30 8 107 Alexander Donigian ARM 20 Oct 93 10.35 LEGEND WR World Record WL World Lead MR Meeting Record ALL-TIME TOP LIST 2020 TOP LIST RESULT NAME VENUE DATE RESULT NAME VENUE DATE 9.58 Usain BOLT (JAM) Olympiastadion, Berli 16 Aug 2009 9.86 Michael NORMAN (USA) AP Ranch, Fort Worth, TX (US 20 Jul 9.69 Tyson GAY (USA) Shanghai (CHN) 20 Sep 2009 9.90 Trayvon BROMELL (USA) National Training Center, Cler 24 Jul 9.69 Yohan BLAKE (JAM) Stade Olympique de la 23 Aug 2012 9.91 Akani SIMBINE (RSA) Bestmed Tuks Stadium, Pret 14 Mar 9.72 Asafa POWELL (JAM) Stade Olympique de la 2 Sep 2008 9.97 André DE GRASSE (CAN) National Training Center, Cler 24 Jul 9.74 Justin GATLIN (USA) Hamad Bin Suhaim, D 15 May 2015 10.00 Ronnie BAKER (USA) AP Ranch, Fort Worth, TX (US 23 Jul 9.76 Christian COLEMAN (USA) Khalifa International S 28 Sep 2019 10.03 Julian FORTE (JAM) Jamaica College Ashenheim 18 Jul 9.78 Nesta CARTER (JAM) Guidobaldi, Rieti (ITA) 29 Aug 2010 10.03 Rai BENJAMIN (USA) AP Ranch, Fort Worth, TX (US 20 Jul 9.79 Maurice GREENE (USA) Athina (GRE) 16 Jun 1999 10.03 Aska CAMBRIDGE (JPN) Prefectural Stadium, Fukui (J 29 Aug 9.80 Steve MULLINGS (JAM) Hayward Field, Eugen 4 Jun 2011 10.04 Noah LYLES (USA) National Training Center, Cler 24 Jul 9.82 Richard THOMPSON (TTO) Port-of-Spain (TTO) 21 Jun 2014 10.04 Yoshihide KIRYU (JPN) Hokuroku Park Athletic Field, 1 Aug Timing & Data service by OnlineSystem s.r.o. -
Naples 2019 Media Guide.Pdf
2019 SUMMER UNIVERSIADE MEDIA GUIDE #USATEAM | @USATEAM_ | USATEAM.ORG 2019 SUMMER UNIVERSIADE MEDIA GUIDE JULY 3-14, 2019 | NAPLES, ITALY | 30TH SUMMER UNIVERSIADE USATEAM.ORG | #USATEAM | @USATEAM_ USA TEAM ARRIVES IN NAPOLI USA TEAM QUICK FACTS The United States delegation travels to Naples with over 400 members competing in 19 sports at the 29th Universiade. The Americans return USA Governing Body: US-IUSF to the Universiade after a successful showing at the 2017 Summer President: Dr. Gary Cunningham Universiade. USA Team claimed 51 totals medals in Taipei, Taiwan in 2017, including 16 gold medals. The United States will not have student-athletes Head of Delegation: Gary Cunningham competing in rugby sevens, and sailing. Secretary General: Delise S. O’Meally FISU Member Since: 1957 RETURNING MEDALISTS Five members of the 2019 American delegation competed at the 2017 Past Hosted Events: Lake Placid 1972 Universiade in Taipei and will return again to Naples. Matt Zumbo of Buffalo 1993 Archery, Makayla Gorka of Taekwondo, Conner Wilson of Taekwondo, Philip 2019 Delegation Size: 419 Shin of Fencing, Angela Guan of Table Tennis and Deonca Bookman of Athletics. 2019 Athletes: 273 2019 Staff: 146 SWIMMING SITS ATOP A MOUNTAIN OF MEDALS 2019 Total Sports: 19 USA swimming will return to the Universiade after picking up 28 medals Men’s Sports: 15 at the 2017 Universiade. The Americans also grabbed 11 gold medals, the most out of any other country, and will look to continue their dominance in Women’s Sports: 16 Naples. 2019 Available Gold Medals: 250 2017 Medals Won: 51 NCAA PRESIDENT MARK EMMERT JOINS USA TEAM IN NAPOLI Gold Medals: 16 Dr. -
Kinetics Model Analysis and Technical Optimization Study on the Elite Men S Triple Jump BTAIJ, 10(2) 2014 FULL PAPER
id147288218 pdfMachine by Broadgun Software - a great PDF writer! - a great PDF creator! - http://www.pdfmachine.com http://www.broadgun.com BBiiooTTISSNe e: 097cc4 - h7h435 nnooVlolluomoe 1g0g Issuyye 2 An Indian Journal FULL PAPER BTAIJ, 10(2), 2014 [068-076] Kinetics model analysis and technical optimization study on the ’ elite men s triple jump Su Jin1*, Fang Liu2 1College of Physical Education, Northeast Normal University, Changchun130024, Jilin, (CHINA) 2The Ated School Beijing Education Institute Shijingshan Branch, Beijing 100043, (CHINA) ABSTRACT KEYWORDS For the existing action defect problem of Chinese Triple jump athletes, this Kinematic model; paper studies the motion parameters and technical actions of triple jump Mathematical statistics; athletes through the analysis of kinematics, combines the whole process Jumping angle; of triple jump, uses the mathematical statistical methods, by comparing Triple jump. Chinese elite athletes with foreign elite athletes, and concludes that Chinese ’ speed and take-off angle is too small, they have deficiency in the athletes integrity and continuity of the action. Therefore, in the future training we should pay attention to strengthening the training of speed, increasing the ground pedaling angle when taking off, adjusting the power ratio of triple jump, focusing on strength training of upper body; it studies the taking-off angle of the third jump to find the best jumping angle. Through the study of the triple jump technique, this paper raises rationalization proposals for the improvement of technological level, which is aiming at improvement the technological level of China triple jump. 2014 Trade Science Inc. - INDIA INTRODUCTION cal skills of triple jump deeply, find a more efficient way, and come up with better improvement sugges- In 1986, the triple jump officially emergences as tions for the Chinese athletes. -
INA Newsletter Vol 15 Part 2 1993 SALAMANCA ABSTRACTS
15/2 5th 1993 INTERNATIONAL NAN KTON ASSOCIATION VOLUME 15 UMBER 2 1993 ~&Rb~~ j CJ\ltl\ INTERNATIONAL NANNOPLANKTON \ ASSOCIATION 5th CONFERENCE SALAMANCA, SPAIN 30th August - 2nd September 1993 ABSTRACTS Conference Convenor Jose-Abel Flores Villarejo Organising Committee Francisco-Javier Sierro Jorge Civis Guillermo Prances Angeles Barcena Jose Angel Gonzalez Delgado Abstract volume edited by, J.R. Young & P.R. Bown INA Newsletter 15/1, 1993 - Salamanca Abstracts 41 EDITORS NOTES AND ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS The abstracts are not exactly as submitted since this volume was mainly produced via a Kurzweil text scanner - which converted the heterogeneous original copy into word processor files. The accuracy of scanning is dependant on the print quality of the originals and despite checking it is inevitable that some errors will have been introduced. Accents are a special problem, since they have to be individ ually re-inserted, and some will have been lost We have made corrections to spelling (including standardisation to UK spelling) - and to grammar where there were obvious problems with English usage. There has, however, been no scientific editing or vetting of the abstracts, other than removal \other nomina nuda. Some addresses have been shortened to save space, full postal addresses can be found in the INA Membership directory (INA Newsletter 14/3, p.118-124) The format adopted is virtually the same as for the Prague Abstract volume (INA Newsletter 13/2, 1991), including the use of topic codes similar to those used in the INA Bibliographies. These codes are (1) Age range covered. (2) Geographical provenance of studied material. (3) General topic of paper, N.B. -
Olympic Games Day 1 Olympics Summer Winter Aniket Pawar Special/Paralympics Youth the Original Greek Games
Olympic Games Day 1 Olympics Summer Winter Aniket Pawar Special/Paralympics Youth The Original Greek Games began in ancient Greece took place every fourth year for several hundred years. The earliest record of the Olympic Games goes back to776 BC. The Original Olympics The only event was a foot race of about 183 meters. They also included competitions in music, oratory and theatre performances. The 18-th Olympics Included wrestling and pentathlon, later Games – chariot races and other sports. In 394 A.D. the games were ended by the Roman emperor Theodosius. Pierre de Coubertin Brought the Olympic Games back to life in 1896. SPORTS IN SUMMER OLYMPICS • The current categories are: ▫ Category A: athletics, aquatics, gymnastics.3 ▫ Category B: basketball, cycling, football, tennis, and volleyball.5 ▫ Category C: archery, badminton, boxing, judo, rowing, shooting, table tennis, and weightlifting.8 ▫ Category D: canoe/kayaking, equestrian, fencing, handball, field hockey, sailing, taekwondo, triathlon, and wrestling.9 ▫ Category E: modern pentathlon, golf, and rugby.3 WINTER OLYMPIC GAMES • held every four years. • The athletes compete in 20 different disciplines (including 5 Paralympics' disciplines). Founder & Beginning • The foundation for the Winter Olympics are Nordic games. • Gustav Viktor Balck - organizer of the Nordic games and a member of the IOC. • The first Summer Olympics with winter sport were in London, in 1908. The first ‘winter sports week’ was planned in 1916, in Berlin, but the Olympics were cancelled because of the outbreak of the World War I. The first true Winter Olympics were in 1924, in Chamonix, France. • In 1986, the IOC decided to separate the Summer and Winter Games on separate years. -
FISU Stands for Federation Internationale Du Sport Universitaire (International University Sports Federation) and Was Founded in 1949
FISU OVERVIEW: FISU stands for Federation Internationale du Sport Universitaire (International University Sports Federation) and was founded in 1949. FISU's main responsibility is the supervision of both Summer and Winter Universiades (World University Games) as well as the World University Championships (WUC). FISU’s main governing body is the General Assembly which represents the members of the organization (153 National University Sports Federations). The Governing Body elects the Executive Committee for a period of four years, which makes all the necessary decisions for the smooth running of FISU. Ten permanent commissions advise the Executive Committee in their specialised areas, simplifying its duties. FISU is funded through subscription, organising and entry fees, television incomes, and marketing activities. The Universiades (World University Games) The Universiade is an international sporting and cultural festival which is staged every two years in a different city and which is second in importance only to the Olympic Games. The Summer Universiade consists of 12 compulsory sports (Athletics, Basketball, Fencing, Football, Gymnastics, Judo, Swimming, Diving, Water Polo, Table Tennis, Tennis, Volleyball) and up to three optional sports chosen by the host country. The record figures are 9,006 participants in Bangkok, Thailand in 2007 and 174 countries in Daegu, Korea in 2003. The Winter Universiade consists of 7 compulsory sports (Alpine skiing, Snowboarding, Nordic skiing composed of jump, cross country & combined, Curling, Ice Hockey, Short-Track Speed Skating, Figure Skating, Biathlon) and one or two optional sports also chosen by the host country. They gathered a record of 2,511 participants in Torino, Italy in 2007 and a record number of 50 countries in Innsbruck, Austria in 2005.