TANZANIA OSAKA ALUMNI Best Practices Hand Book 3
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TANZANIA OSAKA ALUMNI Best Practices Hand Book 3 President’s Office Regional Administration and Local Government P.O. Box 1923, Dodoma. August, 2016 1 BEST PRACTICES HAND BOOK 3 (2016) Prepared for Tanzania Osaka Alumni (TOA) by: Paulo Faty, Lecturer, Mzumbe University; Judicate Mwanga, Lecturer, LGTI; and Michiyuki Shimoda, Senior Advisor, PO-RALG And edited by Mr. Liana A.M. Hassan, TOA Vice Chairperson Mr. Ahmed Nassoro, Lecturer, LGTI; and Ms. Honorina Ng’omba, In-house Consultant, JICA 2 Table of Contents Content Page Abbreviations i Foreword iii Preface (TOA) iv Preface (JICA) v CHAPTER ONE: INTRODUCTION 1 Lessons Learnt from Japanese Experience 1 CHAPTER TWO: FISCAL DECENTRALIZATION AND REVENUE ENHANCEMENT 16 Mufindi DC: Effective Collection of Cess in Forest Products 18 Kilombero DC: Enhancement of Own Source Revenue Collection 29 Korogwe TC: Innovation in Local Revenue for Improved Service Delivery 38 CHAPTER THREE: PARTICIPATORY SERVICE DELIVERY 46 Handeni DC: Niache Nisome Initiative – Overcoming Dropouts in Secondary Schools 49 Lushoto DC: Deployment of community Labour Based Technology 60 Mufindi DC: Construction of Isipii – Mpanga Tazara Road Using Labour Based Technology 70 Moshi DC: Community Self Help Initiatives in Feeder Roads 78 Improvement Siha DC: Community Based Environmental Sanitation 88 Kilimanjaro Region: Sustainable Land Use Management 98 Ngorongoro DC: Cultural Tourism and Participatory Forest Conservation 112 CHAPTER FOUR: LOCAL ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT 120 Iringa DC: Promotion of Food Security at Household Level in Pawaga Division 123 Korogwe DC: Irrigation for Reliable Paddy Production 133 Tanga Region: Small Holder Dairy Farming and Value Chain 143 Meru DC: Effective Organization of Stakeholders in Dairy Value Chain 157 Hai DC: Community Based Dairy Value Chain 165 Bibliography 173 3 List of abbreviations ADF African Development Fund ADF Agency Delegated Functions AI Artificial Insemination ALAT Association of Local Authorities In Tanzania AMCOs Agricultural Marketing Cooperatives ASDP Agriculture Sector Development Programme ATTI Appropriate Technology Training Institute CARMATEC Centre for Agricultural Mechanization and Rural Technology CBD Coffee Berry Disease CBO Community Based Organization CDO Community Development Officer CG Central Government CHMT Council Health management Team CLBT Community Labour Based Technology CLTS Community Led Total Sanitation CMT Council Management Team D by D Decentralization by Devolution DADPs District Agricultural Development Plans DAIO District Agricultural and Irrigation Officer DANIDA Danish International Development Agency DC District Council DED District Executive Director ELCT Evangelical Lutheran Church of Tanzania FAO Food and Agriculture Organization FFS Farmers Field School FY Financial Year GDP Gross Domestic Product GIZ German International Organization GPS Global Positioning System HLGA Higher Local Government Authorities HOD Head of Department HQ Headquarters JICA Japan International Cooperation Agency KCC Kenya Cold Chain KPL Kilombero Plantation Limited LAT Local Allocation Tax Grant LBT Labour Based Technology LG Local Government LGA Local Government Authority LGDG Local Government Development Grant LITI Livestock Training Institute LLGA Lower Local Government Authorities 4 MADAFCO Maramba Division Dairy Farmers Cooperative Society MC Municipal Council MEDAFA Meru Dairy Farmers Associating MoHSW Ministry of Health and Social Welfare MoUs Memorandum of Understanding NAIC National Artificial Insemination Centre NCAA Ngorongoro Conservation Area Authority NGOs Non - Governmental Organizations O&OD Opportunities and Obstacles to Development ODF Open Defecation Free OJT On the Job Training OVOP One Village One Product Movement PCT Pyrethrum Company of Tanzania PO - PSM President’s Office, Public Service Management PO - RALG Presidents’ Office, Regional Administration and Local Government POT Post Osaka Trainings PPP Public –Private- Partnership RAS Regional Administrative Secretary RS Regional Secretariat SACCOs Savings and Credit Cooperative Societies SAP Structural Adjustment Programme SDEP Smallholder Dairy Extension Programme SIDO Small Industries Development Organization SLM Sustainable Land Management SUA Sokoine University of Agriculture TAWIRI Tanzania Wildlife Research Institute TBS Tanzania Bureau of Standards TC Town Council TDCU Tanzania Dairy Cooperative Union TFDA Tanzania Food and Drugs regulatory Agency TOA Tanzania Osaka Local Government Reform Alumni TSDDP Tanga Smallholder Dairy Development Project UNDP United Nations Development Programme UNICEF United Nations Children’s’ Fund USAID Unite States Aid Organization UWT Umoja wa Wanawake Tanzania VEO Village Executive Officer VGS Village Game Scout VNRC Village Natural Resource Committee WAG Ward Artisan Group WDC Ward Development Committee WEO Ward Executive Officer 5 Foreword Local Government Reforms in Tanzania are primarily focused towards effective Service Delivery by Local Government Authorities within the Central Government’s Policy Framework. The reforms have attracted cooperation between the Government of the United Republic of Tanzania, Development Partners and many other stakeholders. Through this cooperation, the Local Government Reforms in Tanzania have successfully generated democratic Local Governments, rationalized local human resourcing, increased fiscal disbursements, improved local governance, increased local participation and increased local government autonomy in Service Delivery. The Local Government Reforms in Tanzania have been implemented in a comprehensive approach that has involved learning Local Government Reform initiatives and implementation in other countries which led to designing an appropriate implementation modality for Tanzania. Since 2002 the Tanzania Government through the President’s Office – Regional Administration and Local Government (PO-RALG) and the Government of Japan through Japan International Cooperation Agency (JICA) have jointly conducted training on Decentralization in Japan namely “Osaka Training”. This training has been attended by selected PO-RALG Directors/staff, Regional Administrative Secretaries, Council Directors and other Local Government Reform stakeholders. Following Osaka Training, Regional Post Osaka Training (POT) has been conducted to Assistant Administrative Secretaries (AASs), District Commissioners, District Administrative Secretaries (DASs) and Heads of Departments (HODs) from Local Government Authorities (LGAs) to share lessons learned in Osaka. Both Osaka Trainings and Regional POTs have provided opportunity for Tanzanian Central and Local Government Staff to learn the Japanese Decentralization Experience, select the best Japanese decentralization lessons and implement the lessons learnt within the Tanzanian context. The implementation of the lessons learnt from Japan has resulted into identifiable “Best Practices” by specific Regional Secretariats (RSs) and LGAs. This has created urgency for reporting the best practices in the form of a handbook to make other RSs and LGAs appreciate and learn from the local sucCessful implementation and the secrets for sucCess. This Third Handbook is a continuation of the joint efforts of the PO-RALG and JICA to strengthen Decentralization by Devolution (D by D) in Tanzania. The handbook provides the History of Osaka Training and the Best Practices in the following order; Chapter One summarizes the lessons learnt from Japan; Chapter Two focuses on Fiscal Decentralization and Revenue Enhancement and has cases from Mufindi DC, Kilombero DC and Korogwe TC. Chapter three presents Participatory Service Delivery best practices from Handeni DC, Lushoto DC, Mufindi DC, Moshi DC, Siha DC, Ngorongoro DC and Kilimanjaro Region while Chapter Four focuses on Local Economic Development with best practices from Iringa DC, Korogwe TC, Tanga Region, Meru DC and Hai DC. The PO-RALG recommends the RSs staff, LGAs staff and all stakeholders in the Local Government Reforms in Tanzania to read the handbook, appreciate the Specific Local Initiatives, learn the secrets of sucCess and use the available local opportunities to perform better in the D by D context. ------------------------------------------------------ ENG. MUSSA IYOMBE PERMANENT SECRETARY - PO-RALG 6 Preface (TOA) Cooperation between the two Governments (Tanzania and Japan) through Osaka Training resulted into establishment of Tanzania Osaka Local Government Reform Alumni (TOA) in 2002. This Alumni is formed by all Regional Administrative Secretaries (RASs), Council Directors and all ex-participants of Osaka Training and POT. TOA endeavors to build capacity to her members in order to become champions of Local Government Reforms. Implementation of lessons learnt in Osaka Training has resulted into improved service delivery to the communities within the Framework of “D by D”. For the purpose of enhancing horizontal learning amongst stakeholders, TOA decided to publish a series of best practices reported by members in a reader friendly Handbook . This is the third handbook. TOA anticipates to issue more Handbooks in the future concurrently with continued implementation of Lessons learnt from Osaka and Regional Post Osaka Training. The completion of this Best Practices Handbook 3 attracted support from various institutions and individuals. TOA would like to acknowledge and express gratitude to the President’s Office – Regional Administration and Local Government for forging a Memorandum of Understanding with the Government of Japan,