IPP307 2008/07 Public Disclosure Authorized The Social Assessment Report on Hubei Stretch from Yichang to Badong of Highway from Shanghai to Chengdu Public Disclosure Authorized (Revised) Public Disclosure Authorized Social Survey Research Center of Peking University Beijing China July, 2008 Public Disclosure Authorized 1 Appraisal organization: Social Survey Research Center of Peking University Address: Room 5207, Department of Sociology, Law Building, Peking University Tel: 0086—10—62757189 HP: 13683243230 Fax: 0086—10—62751677 Postal Code: 100871 Email: [email protected]; [email protected] The Social Assessment Report on Hubei Stretch from Yichang to Badong of Highway from Shanghai to Chengdu Team Leader of Social Appraisal: Liu Aiyu Team Leader of Social Appraisal: Liu Aiyu Staff Members: Liu Aiyu, Xie Zijuan, Liu Juli, Lang Lang Yan Zhenyong, Liu Jiangbo, Qi Lili, Wang Yao Wang Yanghong, Wan Fan , Guo Chenglin Author of the Report: Liu Aiyu 2 Preface Entrusted by the World Bank Financed Project Execution Office (PEO) under the Hubei Provincial Communications Department (HPCD), the Social Survey Research Center of Peking University (SSRCPKU) conducted an independent assessment on the “Project of the Stretch from Yichang to Badong of the Highway from Shanghai to Chengdu”. The Yiba stretch of the highway from Shanghai to Chengdu is lying in the west of Hubei Province which is at the joint of middle reaches and upper reaches of the Yangtze River. The project area administratively belongs to Yiling District Yichang City, Zigui County, Xingshang County and Badong County of Shien Tujia & Miao Autonomous Prefecture. It adjoins Jianghan Plain in the east, Chongqing City in the west, Yangtze River in the south and Shengnongjia Forest, Xiangfan City etc in the north. The highway, extending 173 km, begins in Baihe, connecting Jingyi highway, and ends up in Badong County in the joint of Hubei and Sichuan, joining Wufeng highway in Chongqing. Under the precondition of sticking to the World Bank’s policy, the social assessment is going to make a judgment of the social impact exerted by the project, advance certain measures, and in the meanwhile bring forward supervision and appraisement system. During July 1st and 9th, 2007, the assessment team conducted the social investigation in Yiling District Yichang City, Zigui County, XingshanCounty and Badong County. The content of investigation mainly contains: (1) Collecting data on nature, geography, water conservancy, shipping, transport, environment, and present development of social economy of all the investigatory area; (2) Collecting data about nature, geography, shipping, transport, 3 environment, and development of social economy of the cities and counties involved; (3) Investigating and collecting data about nature, recourses, economy and social status of Longquan Town Yiling District, Yayueling Town, Huanghua Xiang, Xiakou Town and Gaoqiao Xiang of Xingshan County, and Yanduhe Town and Xiqiuwan Xiang of Badong County; (4) Choosing Qinglong Village and Wanjiafan Village in Longquan Town, Fenghuangguan Village and Haiyun Village in Yaqueling Town and Huanghuachang Village and Xinping Village in Huanghua Xiang of Yiling District, Shijiaba Village and Sixiangxi Village in Xiakou Town and Zhoujiashan Village in Gaoqiao Xiang of Xingshan County, and Shujiacao Village and Xibiantang Village in Yanduhe Town and Xiqiuwan Village and Jiangjunling Village in Xiqiuwan Xiang of Badong County to investingate in villagers’ houses. Conduct semi-structural questionnaire survey to 143 houses in 13 villages, which contains information about family members’ situation, housing condition, production, labor service export, income and outlay, industrial structure, labor division and decision making in family, locals’ acquaintance about the project, expropriation aroused by the project and resettlers’ attitudes and expectations; (5) Conducting deep interviews to 70 families or persons in 13 villages, each of which is about 90 minutes on average. This assessment gets strong support from World Bank Financed Project Execution Office (PEO) under the Hubei Provincial Communications Department (HPCD) and warm help from villagers and governments of cities (districts) and xiangs (towns) concerned. We here present our sincerest acknowledgement to Mr. Liu Zhefu, the senior social development expert of the World Bank, for his many valuable advices during the process of project design. 4 TABLE OF CONTENTS 1．Introduction to the Project and its Social Assessment .............................................9 1.1 General Introduction of the Project.....................................................................................9 1.2 General Introduction of the Social Assessment of the Project ..........................................10 1.2.1 The Significance and Objective of the Social Assessment....................................10 1.2.2 The Objective of this Social Assessment ............................................................11 1.2.3 Methodology of Social Assessment ......................................................................12 1.2.4 Operation of Social Assessment..........................................................................13 1.2.5 Sources of Documents & Materials ....................................................................15 2. General Introduction of the Affected Areas of the Project.......................................16 2.1 Directly and Indirectly Affected Areas of the Project .......................................................16 2.2 Geographic Location, Historical Development and Human Cultural Characteristics of Affected Areas.........................................................................................................................17 2.3 Economic Condition of Affected Areas ............................................................................20 2.4 Natural and Human Resources of Affected Areas.............................................................28 2.5 General Situation of the Employment Models of the Local Residents in Affected Areas 32 2.6 Main beneficiaries.............................................................................................................39 3. Socio-Economic Impact of the Project ....................................................................41 3.1 Basic Conditions of Those under Investigation and of Their Villages..............................41 3.1.1 Affected Villages of Yiling District........................................................................41 3.1.2 Affected Villages of Xingshan County.............................................................48 3.1.3 The Affected Villages of Badong County...............................................................51 3.2 Basic Conditions of Affected Households.........................................................................55 3.2.1 Basic Characteristics of Households......................................................................55 3.2.2 The Size and Structure of Family...........................................................................56 3.2.3 Education Distribution of Family Members...........................................................57 3.3 Production and Operation of the Household .....................................................................57 3.3.1 Land and Living of the Villagers............................................................................57 3.3.2 Means of Production and Operation.......................................................................62 3.4 Division of Labor and Way of Employment .....................................................................64 3.4.1 Working Time on Agricultural Production as well as Non-agricultural Production .........................................................................................................................................64 3.4.2 Aanalysis of working out .......................................................................................66 3.5 Housing and living............................................................................................................69 3.5.1 Housing Area .........................................................................................................69 3.5.2 Time of Building ....................................................................................................71 3.5.3 Cost for House Construction..................................................................................71 3.5.4 The General Conditions of House and Residence..................................................72 3.6 Income of Household and the Factors...............................................................................74 3.6.1 Structure and Level of Income ...............................................................................74 3.6.2 Priority of Richness for Investigated Families.......................................................78 3.6.3 Prioritization of Reasons for the Poverty of Families ............................................81 3.7 Household’s Expenditure and it’s Structure ......................................................................84 5 3.7.1 Expenditure Structure..........................................................................................84 3.7.3 Land, Production, Income and Expenditure of the Typical Household .................87 3.8 Land Expropriation and its Impacts to Households Income .............................................92