DOCSLIB.ORG

Structure of Personality Structure of Personality

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Structure of Personality Structure of Personality Overview Psychology 460 I. Introduction Counseling & Interviewing II. Key Concepts III. Development of Personality IV. Therapeutic Process Sheila. K. Grant, Ph.D. V. Therapeutic Techniques & Procedures I. Introduction II. Key Concepts View of Human Nature: our behavior is A. Sigmund Freud's psychoanalytic system = determined by irrational forces, a model of personality development, unconscious motivations, a philosophy of human nature, & biological and instinctual drives, a method of psychotherapy as these evolve through key psychosexual B. Erik Erikson's theory of psychosocial stages in the first six years of life development a. Libido- refers to sexual energy extends Freud's theory in several ways b. Death instincts- this accounts for the aggressive drive Structure of Personality Structure of Personality THE ID — The Demanding Child THE ID — The Demanding Child Ruled by the pleasure principle primary source of psychic energy THE EGO — The Traffic Cop illogical, Ruled by the reality principle amoral, & THE SUPEREGO — The Judge driven to satisfy instinctual needs Ruled by the moral principle 1 Structure of Personality Structure of Personality THE EGO — The Traffic Cop THE SUPEREGO — The Judge the "executive" that judicial branch of personality governs, includes a person's moral code controls, & (good or bad) regulates the personality Consciousness & Unconscious The Unconscious Unconscious Clinical evidence for postulating the unconscious: cannot be studied directly; Dreams it is inferred from behavior Slips of the tongue Consciousness Posthypnotic suggestions according to Freud it is a thin slice of the Material derived from free-association total mind Material derived from projective techniques Symbolic content of psychotic symptoms Anxiety Ego-Defense Mechanisms Reality anxiety: Are normal behaviors which operate on fear of danger from the external world an unconscious level & tend to deny or Neurotic anxiety: distort reality fear that the instincts will get out of hand Help individual cope with anxiety & and cause one to do something for which prevent the ego from being one will be punished overwhelmed Moral anxiety: Have adaptive value if they do not fear of one's own conscious become a style of life to avoid facing reality 2 Ego-Defense Mechanisms Ego-Defense Mechanisms Repression: Projection: an involuntary removal of something from attributing to others one's own unacceptable consciousness desires and impulses Denial: Displacement: a way of distorting what the individual thinks, directing energy toward another object or person feels, or perceives in a traumatic situation. when the original object or person is inaccessible Reaction formation: Rationalization: one defense against a threatening impulse is to explaining away failures or losses (justifying) actively express the opposite impulse Ego-Defense Mechanisms Ego-Defense Mechanisms Sublimation: Identification: diverting sexual or aggressive energy into other channels, ones that are usually socially acceptable it can enhance self-worth and protect one and sometimes even admirable from a sense of being a failure Regression: reverting to a from of behavior that is not so Compensation: demanding (immature or that they had grown out masking perceived weaknesses or of) developing certain positive traits to make Introjection: up for limitations taking in and swallowing the values and standards of others III. Development of FREUD’S PSYCHOSEXUAL Personality STAGES: ORAL STAGE First year Sigmund Freud (Psychoanalytic Psych.) Related to later mistrust and rejection issues Erik Erikson (Ego Psychology) ANAL STAGE Ages 1-3 Related to later personal power issues Carl Jung (Analytic Psychology) PHALLIC STAGE Ages 3-6 Margaret Mahler (Object Relations) Related to later sexual attitudes LATENCY STAGE Ages 6-12 Heinz Kohut (Self Psychology) A time of socialization GENITAL STAGE Ages 12-60 Sexual energies are invested in life 3 ERIKSON’S PSYCHOSOCIAL STAGES: JUNG'S PERSPECTIVE: 1. Trust vs mistrust- Infancy Carl Jung's idea that nature of humans is 2. Autonomy vs shame & doubt- to be constantly developing, growing , & Early childhood moving toward a balanced & complete 3. Initiative vs guilt- Preschool age level of development 4. Industry vs inferiority- School age Process of self-actualization is oriented 5. Identity vs role confusion- Adolescence toward the future 6. Intimacy vs isolation- Young adulthood Also believes humans have constructive 7. Generativity vs stagnation- Middle age & destructive forces & we have to accept 8. Integrity vs despair- Later life the dark side of our nature CONTEMPORARY TRENDS: Object-Relations Theory: Margaret Mahler (Object-Relations Margaret Mahler) Theory) emphasized the observation of children & Heinz Kohut (Self Psychology) found different stages of development: a. First stage = normal infantile autism b. Second stage = symbiosis c. Third stage = separation/individuation process Self Psychology: Self Psychology: Heinz Kohut Alterego Needs Children need to have involvement with other Proposes that heakthy self-development proceeds from adequate responsiveness of being like themselves caregivers to the child’s vital emotional Idealizing Needs needs, including: Children need to feel attached to an emotionally stable caregiver who can soothe & calm them Alterego Needs Mirroring Needs Idealizing Needs Children need to feel understood & appreciated, Mirroring Needs that their feelings mean something 4 Self Psychology: Self Psychology: If these needs are not met in childhood, Stresses that individuals need relationships problems will occur throughout lifespan throughout life Relationships that serve to evoke & maintain the Neglectful parenting (physical/emotional or integrity & cohesiveness of self will always be worse—abuse) can result in derailments of self required development & impair individual’s ability to form Insufficient selfobject responsiveness may lead to healthy relationships fragmentation, a distressing affective & cognitive Adequate parental responsivenss to child’s affect state indicating threatening self-cohesion states (moods & feelings) is particularly vital if Fragmentation experiences range from mild child is to achieve affect differentiation (emotional dysphoria to a panicked sense of impending health & stability) & tolerance annihilation or disintegration C. J. Newton (1996) IV. Therapeutic Process IV. Therapeutic Process Therapeutic Goals: Client's Experience in Therapy: psychoanalysis is a long-term process and the therapist uses a variety of methods to bring out client’s unconscious material that client need to be willing to commit needs to be worked on Relationship between Therapist and Client: transference process is used Therapist's Function and Role: It allows clients to understand & resolve therapist needs to assume an anonymous "unfinished business" from past relationships stance also known as the blank screen What is known as the working-through process V. Therapeutic Techniques and V. Therapeutic Techniques and Procedures Procedures Maintaining the Analytic Framework: Interpretation: Therapist points out, explains and even teaches using a whole range of procedural & stylistic the client the meanings of behavior factors in sessions Important for the therapist to consider readiness (i.e., starting & ending the sessions on time) of the client Free Association: Dream Analysis: clients says whatever comes to mind (without Therapist uses the “royal road to the unconscious” to bring unconscious material to light censure), regardless of how painful, silly, trivial, Giving client insight of some unresolved problems illogical or irrelevant it may be latent content are hidden, symbolic, and unconscious This is one of the best tools for opening the door motives wishes, and fears to the unconscious manifest content which is the dream that appears to dreamer 5 V. Therapeutic Techniques and V. Therapeutic Techniques and Procedures Procedures Analysis and Interpretation of Resistance: Analysis and Interpretation of Transference: Refers to any idea, attitude, feeling, or action Clients often react to their therapist as they did to (conscious or unconscious) that fosters the status a significant person quo & gets in the way of change This helps them work on old conflicts that are Anything that works against the progress of keeping them fixated & stopping their emotional therapy & prevents the production of unconscious growth material Helps client to see that canceling appointments, However, client & therapist have to work past the fleeing from therapy prematurely, etc., are ways resistance & confront it of defending against anxiety These acts interfere with the ability to accept changes which could lead to a more satisfying life Transference and Countertransference Transference The client reacts to the therapist as he did to an earlier significant other This allows the client to experience feelings that would otherwise be inaccessible ANALYSIS OF TRANSFERENCE — allows the client to achieve insight into the influence of the past Countertransference The reaction of the therapist toward the client that may interfere with objectivity 6.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Who Is My Jung?
    COST OF CONFERENCE Association of Jungian Analysts 40th Anniversary 1977—2017 (including lunch and refreshments) Early booking advised Standard Ticket ……………………………………………………………...……....£135 Who is my Jung? Early Bird Price (for bookings before 11th May 2017) …...……....£120 Limited number of concessions are available to IAAP candidates in training. Concession ticket…………………………………………..………..…£ 95 HOW TO BOOK ONLINE Tickets may be booked by BACS, Credit/Debit card or Paypal at the AJA website: http://www.jungiananalysts.org.uk/events/who-is-my-jung/ Or by CHEQUE Please make cheques payable to ‘Association of Jungian Analysts’ and post to the address below, including your name and contact details and the names and contact details of others included on this booking. AJA Conference Administrator, KVT Business Care, Unit 1 Chapelton Lodge, East Winch Road, Blackborough End, King’s Lynn, Norfolk PE32 1SF Enquiries: Val Nurse Tel: 01553 849849 Saturday 11th November 2017 Cancellation Policy Cancellation received prior to 11th July 2017, 100% refund (minus £10 admin cost). 10.00am—5.45pm Cancellation received prior to 11th October 2017, 50% refund (minus £10 admin cost). th No refunds available after 11 October 2017. (Registration and refreshments from 9.30am) Conference Programme Committee Conference Organising Committee AJA: Ruth Williams (Chair) AJA: Ruth Williams (Chair) A major London conference featuring analysts from all the BJAA: Emilija Kiehl AJA: Lesley Bennett IGAP: Penny Boisset AJA: Stephen Garratt London Jungian Training Societies GAP: Pan Lemos AJA: Julia Waterfield SAP: Warren Colman Venue: Front Cover: Images courtesy of: Dmitri Kessel (1949)— Carl Jung relaxing at Küsnacht.– one of a series taken for Life magazine.
    [Show full text]
  • An "Authentic Wholeness" Synthesis of Jungian and Existential Analysis
    Modern Psychological Studies Volume 5 Number 2 Article 3 1997 An "authentic wholeness" synthesis of Jungian and existential analysis Samuel Minier Wittenberg University Follow this and additional works at: https://scholar.utc.edu/mps Part of the Psychology Commons Recommended Citation Minier, Samuel (1997) "An "authentic wholeness" synthesis of Jungian and existential analysis," Modern Psychological Studies: Vol. 5 : No. 2 , Article 3. Available at: https://scholar.utc.edu/mps/vol5/iss2/3 This articles is brought to you for free and open access by the Journals, Magazines, and Newsletters at UTC Scholar. It has been accepted for inclusion in Modern Psychological Studies by an authorized editor of UTC Scholar. For more information, please contact [email protected]. An "Authentic Wholeness" Synthesis of Jungian and Existential Analysis Samuel Minier Wittenberg University Eclectic approaches to psychotherapy often lack cohesion due to the focus on technique and procedure rather than theory and wholeness of both the person and of the therapy. A synthesis of Jungian and existential therapies overcomes this trend by demonstrating how two theories may be meaningfully integrated The consolidation of the shared ideas among these theories reveals a notion of "authentic wholeness' that may be able to stand on its own as a therapeutic objective. Reviews of both analytical and existential psychology are given. Differences between the two are discussed, and possible reconciliation are offered. After noting common elements in these shared approaches to psychotherapy, a hypothetical therapy based in authentic wholeness is explored. Weaknesses and further possibilities conclude the proposal In the last thirty years, so-called "pop Van Dusen (1962) cautions that the differences among psychology" approaches to psychotherapy have existential theorists are vital to the understanding of effectively demonstrated the dangers of combining existentialism, that "[when] existential philosophy has disparate therapeutic elements.
    [Show full text]
  • Contribution of Freudian Psychology
    CONTRIBUTION OF FREUDIAN PSYCHOLOGY B.A. IInd (Honors), Lecture Series-3 By Dr. Masaud Ansari Department of Psychology, A.P.S.M. College, Barauni L. N. M. University, Darbhanga 23 JULY 2020 Contribution of Freudian Psychology A glimpse of the details of the work can be had from The Standard Edition of the Works of Sigmund Freud, 24 volumes that has been edited by J. Strachey. However, Freud’s systematic position can be presented under the following sev en headings: 1. Topographical Structure: Conscious, Preconscious and Unconscious 2. Structural Model: Id, Ego and Superego 3. Psychic energy and theory of instincts 4. Anxiety and defence mechanisms 5. Stages of Psychosexual Development 6. Freud’s Social Psychology 7. Mind-body position 1. Topographical Structure: Conscious, Preconscious and Unconscious i. He divided the mind into two parts- conscious and unconscious. ii. The unconscious has two different levels- the unconscious proper and preconscious. iii. Consciousness is defined as consisting of those mental elements that are in awareness at any given moment. iv. Inhis famous “iceberg” analogy, the upper small portion of the ice represents consciousness. v. The pre-consciousness consists of all those mental elements which are not conscious but can become readily available to consciousness with little effort. vi. For this reason this is also sometimes called as available memory. vii. The unconscious is the most important part of the mind and in terms of “iceberg” analogy, it is equivalent to the part of the ice that is submerged into the water. viii. Unconscious is the largest part of the mind. ix.
    [Show full text]
  • A Slave for Two Masters: Countertransference of a Wounded
    A Slave For Two Masters: Countertransference of a Wounded Healer in the Treatment of a “Difficult to Treat” Adolescent by Ralph Cuseglio A case study submitted to the School of Social Work Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Social Work Graduate Program in Social Work New Brunswick, New Jersey October 2015 A Slave For Two Masters: Countertransference of a Wounded Healer in the Treatment of a “What is to give light must endure burning.” “Difficult to Treat” Adolescent -Viktor Frankl Ralph Cuseglio The referral seemed straightforward enough, a “softball,” I thought. A woman named Ruth called Abstract my office seeking counseling for her fifteen-year- The aim of this case study is to analyze intense old son. He’d recently returned home, blackout countertransference experienced by a therapist drunk after his girlfriend ended their three-month while treating a “difficult to treat” adolescent relationship. Teenage breakup was a subject with patient. During treatment, the therapist struggled which I had become quite familiar. Having worked to recognize much of his subjective with hundreds of teens, I had listened to countless countertransference and its impact on the tales of woe. Lending an ear and the passage of treatment. This paper will discuss the reasons for time was usually enough to mend the young heart. this and the manner in which both subjective and Not this time. And that softball…well, it clocked objective countertransference played a role. In me upside my head and brought me to my knees. doing so, the therapist discusses how his This paper has arisen out of a desire to childhood experiences and the subsequent understand the countertransference reactions I assumption of Carl Jung’s wounded healer experienced while working with the archetype fueled the countertransference in ways aforementioned patient; most of which came in that were concurrently beneficial and detrimental hindsight long after treatment ended.
    [Show full text]
  • Margaret Mahler - Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia
    Margaret Mahler - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Margaret_Mahler From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Margaret Schönberger Mahler (May 10, 1897 – October 2, 1985) was a Hungarian physician, who later became Margaret Schönberger Mahler interested in psychiatry. She was a central figure on the world Born May 10, 1897 stage of psychoanalysis. Her main interest was in normal Sopron, Kingdom of Hungary childhood development, but she spent much of her time with Died October 2, 1985 psychiatric children and how they arrive at the "self." Mahler New York, United States of America developed the Separation-Individuation theory of child Residence New York development. Nationality Austrian Fields Psychoanalysis, child development Institutions Margaret S. Mahler Psychiatric Research Foundation Known for theory of child development 1 Biography Notable APA Agnes Purceil McGavin Award 2 Work awards 3 Separation-Individuation Theory of child development 4 Object Constancy 5 Selected works 6 See also 7 Notes 8 References 9 External links Margaret Schönberger was born on 10 May 1897 into a Jewish family in Sopron, a small town in western Hungary. She and a younger sister had a difficult childhood as a result of their parents' troubled marriage. Margaret's father, however, encouraged her to excel in mathematics and other sciences. After completing the High School for Daughters, she attended Vaci Utcai Gimnazium in Budapest, even though it was unusual at the time for a woman to continue formal education. Budapest was of great influence on her life and career.[1] She met the influential Hungarian psychoanalyst Sándor Ferenczi, became fascinated by the concept of the unconscious, and was encouraged to read Sigmund Freud.[2] In September 1916, Schönberger began Art History studies at the University of Budapest, but in January 1917 she switched to Medical School.
    [Show full text]
  • A Descriptive Study of Erikson's Psychosocial
    California State University, San Bernardino CSUSB ScholarWorks Electronic Theses, Projects, and Dissertations Office of aduateGr Studies 5-2021 THEORY AND DIVERSITY: A DESCRIPTIVE STUDY OF ERIKSON’S PSYCHOSOCIAL DEVELOPMENT STAGES Anastasiya Samsanovich Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd Part of the Social and Behavioral Sciences Commons Recommended Citation Samsanovich, Anastasiya, "THEORY AND DIVERSITY: A DESCRIPTIVE STUDY OF ERIKSON’S PSYCHOSOCIAL DEVELOPMENT STAGES" (2021). Electronic Theses, Projects, and Dissertations. 1230. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd/1230 This Project is brought to you for free and open access by the Office of aduateGr Studies at CSUSB ScholarWorks. It has been accepted for inclusion in Electronic Theses, Projects, and Dissertations by an authorized administrator of CSUSB ScholarWorks. For more information, please contact [email protected]. THEORY AND DIVERSITY: A DESCRIPTIVE STUDY OF ERIKSON’S PSYCHOSOCIAL DEVELOPMENT STAGES A Project Presented to the Faculty of California State University, San Bernardino In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree Master of Social Work by Anastasiya Samsanovich May 2021 THEORY AND DIVERSITY: A DESCRIPTIVE STUDY OF ERIKSON’S PSYCHOSOCIAL DEVELOPMENT STAGES A Project Presented to the Faculty of California State University, San Bernardino by Anastasiya Samsanovich May 2021 Approved by: Joseph Rigaud, Faculty Supervisor, Social Work Armando Barragán, M.S.W. Research Coordinator © 2021 Anastasiya Samsanovich ABSTRACT Theories shape society and become a powerful influence on major social decisions. While society has changed over time, some theories—developed decades ago—have remained the same. Among them is the Psychosocial Development Theory developed in the early 1960s by German-American developmental psychologist and psychoanalyst Erik Erikson.
    [Show full text]
  • Healthy Personality
    HEALTHY PERSONALITY Presented by CONTINUING PSYCHOLOGY EDUCATION 6 CONTINUING EDUCATION HOURS “I wanted to prove that human beings are capable of something grander than war and prejudice and hatred.” Abraham Maslow, Psychology Today, 1968, 2, p.55. Course Objective Learning Objectives The purpose of this course is to provide an Upon completion, the participant will understand understanding of the concept of healthy personality. the nature, motivation, and characteristics of the Seven theorists offer their views on the subject, healthy personality. Seven influential including: Gordon Allport, Carl Rogers, Erich psychotherapists-theorists examine the concept Fromm, Abraham Maslow, Carl Jung, Viktor of healthy personality allowing the reader to Frankl, and Fritz Perls. integrate these principles into his or her own life. Accreditation Faculty Continuing Psychology Education is approved to Neil Eddington, Ph.D. provide continuing education by the following: Richard Shuman, LMFT Texas State Board of Social Worker Examiners (Provider # CS3329) - 5 hours for this course; Texas State Board of Examiners of Professional Counselors (LPC Provider # 2013) - 6 hours for this course; Texas State Board of Examiners of Marriage and Family Therapists - 6 hours for this course; this course meets the qualifications for 6 hours of continuing education for Psychologists, LSSPs, LPAs, and Provisionally Licensed Psychologists as required by the Texas State Board of Examiners of Psychologists. Mission Statement Continuing Psychology Education provides the highest quality continuing education designed to fulfill the professional needs and interests of mental health professionals. Resources are offered to improve professional competency, maintain knowledge of the latest advancements, and meet continuing education requirements mandated by the profession.
    [Show full text]
  • CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION 1.1 Background of the Study the Issue
    CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION 1.1 Background of the Study The issue of LGBT had existed in western countries since a long time ago. One of the western countries that had history with this issue was England. The LGBT issue has already existed in England since the middle of 100‟s A.D. It was started with a Roman Emperor named Hadrian, who declared himself as a homosexual (Keele University, n.d.). The declaration made by Hadrian was very crucial, for lead it the way for LGBT issue to be recognized in the British society. The self-recognition of Hadrian as a homosexual inspired Alcuin of York who was widely knows well known as David to write poems that used homosexuality as the main topic in 797(Keele University, n.d.). This phenomenon was happened in the middle of 19th century. As golden age of literature in Britain, LGBT issue also influenced British writers during this century. One of the British writers that have a strong bond with LGBT is Oscar Wilde. Wilde was born in 1854 on Ireland and Died in 1900. He was an English poet, novelist, and playwright. He was often mentioned as an eccentric writer and he was the leader of the aesthetic movement that advocated “Art for Art‟s sake”. He was once in imprisoned for two years with hard labor for homosexual practices. One of 1 2 the plays that have been often considered as his masterpiece was The Importance of Being Earnest (1895). Another influence of the LGBT phenomenon that was proven by the Wilde‟s novel: The Picture of Dorian Gray novel featured bisexual character, Dorian Gray in 1895.
    [Show full text]
  • Play and the Young Child: Musical Implications. PUB DATE [88] NOTE 23P
    DOCUMENT RESUME ED 358 934 PS 021 454 AUTHOR Brophy, Tim TITLE Play and the Young Child: Musical Implications. PUB DATE [88] NOTE 23p. PUB TYPE Information Analyses (070) EDRS PRICE MFOI/PC01 Plus Postage. DESCRIPTORS Child Development; Developmental Psychology; Early Childhood Education; *Learning Theories; Literature Reviews; *Music Education; *Orff Method; *Piagetian Theory; *Play; *Theory Practice Relationship ABSTRACT After noting the near-universal presence of rhythmic response in play in all cultures, this paper looks first at the historical development of theories of play, and then examines current theories of play and their implications in the teaching of music to young children. The first section reviews 19th and early 20th century theories of play, including Schiller's surplus energy theory, Hall's recapitulation theory. Groos's instinct-practice theory, Patrick's relaxation theory, and Froebel's insights into children's play and its importance in psychological and educational development. The next section provides an overview of more recent theories of play, including Parten's model of levels of social play and Freud's and Erikson's psychoanalytic theory of play. The paper pays particular attention to the role of play in Piaget's cognitive-development theory and Piaget's stages of play development from practice play to symbolic play to games with rules. The final theorist discussed is Sutton-Smith, who proposed the existence of rational and irrational play. The next section discusses the difficulty in integrating the many differing views of play and reviews Frost's efforts in this area. The final section focuses on early childhood music education, particularly Orff Schulwerk, in which play is used as a primary tool for learning.
    [Show full text]
  • Mapsychology113.Pdf
    DEPARTMENT OF PSYCHOLOGY PATNA UNIVERSITY, PATNA Advance General Psychology, sem-1st Ranjeet Kumar Ranjan Assistant Professor (Part Time) [email protected] Mob. No.-6203743650 PERSONALITY Personality is an individual’s unique and relatively stable patterns of behavior, thoughts, and emotions. FREUD’S THEORY OF PERSONALITY Freud defined personality in four central points i.e., levels of consciousness, the structure of personality, anxiety and defense mechanism, and psychosexual stages of development. Psychosexual stages Oral Stage – The first stage is the oral stage. An infant is in this stage from birth to eighteen months of age. The main focus in the oral stage is pleasure seeking through the infant’s mouth. During this stage, the need for tasting and sucking becomes prominent in producing pleasure. Oral stimulation is crucial during this stage; if the infant’s needs are not met during this time frame he or she will be fixated in the oral stage. Fixation in this stage can lead to adult habits such as thumb-sucking, smoking, over-eating, and nail-biting. Personality traits can also develop during adulthood that are linked to oral fixation; these traits can include optimism and independence or pessimism and hostility. Anal Stage – The second stage is the anal stage which lasts from eighteen months to three years of age. During this stage the infant’s pleasure seeking centers are located in the bowels and bladder. Parents stress toilet training and bowel control during this time period. Fixation in the anal stage can lead to anal-retention or anal- expulsion. Anal retentive characteristics include being overly neat, precise, and orderly while being anal expulsive involves being disorganized, messy, and destructive.
    [Show full text]
  • Intrapsychic Perspectives on Personality
    PSYCHODYNAMIC PERSPECTIVES ON PERSONALITY This educational CAPPE module is part i in section III: Theories of Human Functioning and Spirituality Written by Peter L. VanKatwyk, Ph.D. Introduction Psychodynamic theory goes back more than 100 years and has been a principal influence in the early history of clinical pastoral education (CPE). It is a way of thinking about personality dynamics in interpreting and understanding both the spiritual care-provider and care-receiver. This module will briefly summarize the basic theory and punctuate psychodynamic concepts that have been significant in the study of psychology of religion and theological reflection in the practice of spiritual care and counselling. Psychodynamic theories presently practiced include in historical sequence the following three schools that will be covered in this module: 1. Ego Psychology, following and extending the classic psychoanalytic theory of Freud, with major representatives in Anna Freud, Heinz Hartmann and Erik Erikson. 2. Object Relations Theory, derived from the work of Melanie Klein and members of the “British School,” including those who are prominent in religious studies and the practice of spiritual care: Ronald Fairbairn, Harry Guntrip, and D.W. Winnicott. 3. Self Psychology, modifying psychoanalytic theory with an interpersonal relations focus, originating in Heinz Kohut, systematized and applied for social work and counselling practice by Miriam Elson. In conjunction these psychodynamic theories offer three main perspectives on personality: 1. the human mind harbors conflict – with powerful unconscious forces that are continually thwarted in expressing themselves by a broad range of counteracting psychological processes and defense mechanisms. 2. each person carries an unconscious internalized world of personal relationships – with mental representations that reflect earlier experiences of self and others which often surface as patterns in current relationships and interpersonal problems.
    [Show full text]
  • Child Developmental Theory Applied to Foster Placement Decisions
    ji 41 I.. ':;.'• T •' ' 4 t' -J IP 14 ry 1 "510 05 Rp It I zJ J I .1 I 1 IIpjr:; 4 J I CHILD DEVELOPMENTAL THEORY APPLIED TO FOSTER PLACEMENT DECISIONS A dissertation submitted to the Institute for Clinical Social Work in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Clinical Social Work. go GERALDINE EGBERT CHESNUT June 12, 1983 c 1983 GERALDINE EGBERT CHESNUT ALL RIGHTS RESERVED e INSTITUTE FOR CLINICAL SOCIAL WORK Child Developmental Theory Applied to Foster Placement Decisions by GERALDINE EGBERT CHESNUT Doctoral Committee i7vz4c1 & /783 Chairperson Verneice Thompson, Ph. Dde Date Commi 1 ) IV5 Daé Consá[tant ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS Since entering the doctoral program, many people have been helpful and supportive of my project which has been greatly encouraging. Several persons were of unusual help and I would like to give them particular recognition. First, I wish to give special thanks to my committee: to Verneice Thompson Ph.D., Chairman for her invaluable help in completing this dissertation; to Elizabeth Eisenhuth Ph.D. for her unflagging interest and willingness to deal with details and to consultant Sylvia Sussman, Ph.D. for her expertise in analyzing the structural problems. My thanks also to consultant Katherine Godlewski Ph.D., whose grasp of the project's practicality added another dimension, i.e. the emphasis on parenting. To Calvin Settlage, M.D., consultant on questions of theory, I extend my gratitude for his, generous efforts in the clarification and application of Margaret Mahler's theory to the case material. To Albert Kastl, Ph.D., consultant on research methodology and in setting up the research design, I offer my great appreciation.
    [Show full text]