Snapshot of Field Exchange Citations
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A snapshot: Utilisation of resources and articles from the Emergency Nutrition Network and Field Exchange in published articles, books, reports and articles Review Report Emergency Nutrition Network (ENN), 32, Leopold Street, Oxford, OX4 1TW, UK tel: +44(0)1865 324996/249745 email: [email protected] www.ennonline.net Review by Joyce Kelly, Independent Nutritionist, on behalf of the Emergency Nutrition Network, May 2009. The Emergency Nutrition Network (ENN) has produced the tri-annual publication, Field Exchange since 1996. A number of evaluations have explored how Field Exchange and the ENN is perceived and utilised by print and online users. Anecdotal and incidental findings have indicated that Field Exchange is cited and drawn upon to inform numerous publications. However, until this review, this had not been formally evaluated. This evaluation was initiated to gain a ‘snapshot’ of where and how Field Exchange and other ENN resources are cited and in doing so, gain an indication of their use. This report was compiled in March/April 2009 and reflects a literature search via established databases commonly used in the health/sociological research setting. The report highlights the broad range of work which has referenced or cited work from the publication Field Exchange or other ENN resources. Background to Literature Searching methodologies When conducting a literature search in the area of science/health/social research, the researcher will, in general search for author, journal or keywords in the title, subject or abstract of the document. More detailed searches are possible but very few facilitate searching the references section of an article. For this reason, the more commonly used databases (e.g. web of knowledge, web of science, Medline, CINAHL, OVID) could not be utilised in this work. Thus, this search of published articles referencing Field Exchange or Emergency Nutrition Network was predominately performed using SCOPUS and Google Scholar. The feasibility of the ENN registering Field Exchange journal with key databases/search engines should be considered in the future and the merits of obtaining an Impact Factor (via Thomson Scientific) weighed up. The author of this report suggests consultation with health informatics professionals be considered for this work. The author is currently based in an academic institution with access to a large range of databases in the field of health, nutrition, sociology and medical subjects. These are often subscription dependent – and thus utilisation of these may be limited for researchers / other professionals working in the area of emergency nutrition and development, particularly at field level. It is difficult to ascertain where/how authors or researchers of articles in the area of emergency nutrition become aware of the work of the ENN –but it is most likely via the internet or other published work. As on 29th April 2009, a Google search for ‘emergency nutrition’ resulted in the ENN being the first link from 271,000 listed. A search for ‘malnutrition’ lists ENN as the 201st hit, and ~350th for ‘malnutrition in developing countries’ from 43,200 hits. Methodology: Scopus and Google Scholar were utilised to identify published articles referencing the work of ENN. Scopus is considered the largest abstract and citation database of research literature and quality web sources covering over 16,000 peer-reviewed journals from more than 4,000 publishers. A Google scholar search was also conducted and results from both combined and checked for duplicates. The Journal Citation Reports (JCR) of the Science Citation Index (SCI), published by the Institute of Scientific Information (ISI), provides the Journal Impact factor figures. The impact factor1 for each journal was sourced via Journal Citation Reports (based on 2007 ratings). It should be noted that not all journals have Journal Citation reports available. Journals with lower circulation (as occurs with increasing specialisation of the journal), regardless of the scientific merit of their contents, will never obtain high impact factors in an absolute sense. This does not in any way reflect their credibility nor impact in the specialist area of international aid and emergency. Broader themed journals e.g. Lancet, cover a wide range of topics with a broad range of readership and thus have a higher impact factor. Section A: Journals Thirty-two peer-reviewed journals published a total of 66 journal articles, each citing one or more articles from Field Exchange or ENN resources. These are outlined in Table 1, in alphabetical order, and include the Impact factor when available. Table 1: Journals citing ENN resources sorted by Impact factor *N/A – Not available Number of Total # Articles citing articles citing Source title Year work by ENN Impact factor* ENN in by year & journal Journal African Journal of AIDS Research 2007 1 1 N/A Archives of Disease in Childhood 2007 1 1 2.786 Australian J Human Right 2002 1 1 N/A British Journal of Nutrition 2001 1 1 2.339 British Medical Journal 2001 1 1 9.723 Bulletin of the World Health 2005 1 1 4.019 Organization Conflict and health 2007 1 1 N/A 1 The impact factor of a journal is a measure of the frequency with which the ‘average article’ in a journal has been cited in a particular year. It is useful for evaluating a journal’s relative importance, especially if compared to others in the same field. 1998 2 1999 3 2001 1 Disasters 2003 1 11 N/A 2004 2 2005 1 2009 1 Emergency 2002 1 1 N/A Emerging Themes in Epidemiology 2007 1 1 N/A Family Medicine 2003 1 1 1.878 1998 2 2002 1 2003 1 Food and Nutrition Bulletin 2004 1 11 0.778 2006 4 2007 1 2008 1 Journal of Microfinance 2005 1 1 N/A 2002 1 Journal of Nutrition 2005 1 3 3.771 2009 1 Journal of Pediatric Gastroenterology 2008 1 1 2.102 and Nutrition Journal of Refugee Studies 2007 1 1 N/A 2001 1 2 Journal of the American Medical 25.547 Association 2005 1 1999 1 2003 1 2004 4 Lancet 9 28.638 2005 1 2006 1 2008 1 2007 1 1.277 Maternal and Child Nutrition 2 2009 1 1.277 Mots pluriels 2002 1 1 N/A Online Journal of Issues in Nursing 2006 1 1 N/A Prehospital and disaster medicine 2001 2 1 N/A Proceedings of the Nutrition Society 2002 1 1 3.931 2002 1 Public Health Nutrition 2 1.858 2007 1 Quality and Safety in Health Care 2001 1 1 N/A Quarterly Journal of International 2007 1 1 N/A Agriculture Revue de Medecine Interne 2005 1 1 0.466 Seminars in Fetal and Neonatal 2006 1 1 N/A Medicine Social Science and Medicine 2005 1 1 N/A Southeast Asian Journal of Tropical 2008 1 1 N/A Medicine and Public Health Tropical Medicine and International 1999 1 1 N/A Health World Health & Population 2006 1 1 N/A Section B: Books In addition to peer-reviewed journals, work from the ENN has also been utilised as reference material in a variety of books published – focusing on political science, aid and development and nutrition. A Google Book search combined with the results from Scopus and Google scholar resulted in 34 books all citing the work of the ENN. Table 2: Published Books citing work of the Emergency Nutrition Network Title Authors Publishers ISBN ISBN 0465071635, Hunger: an unnatural history By Sharman Apt Russell Basic Books, 2005 9780465071630 By Guglielmo Verdirame, Barbara E. ISBN 1845451031, Rights in exile: Janus-faced humanitarianism Harrell-Bond, Zachary Lomo, Berghahn Books, 2005 9781845451035 Hannah Garry, Albie Sachs Nutrition in public health: principles, policies, and ISBN 0849314739, By Arlene J. Spark CRC Press, 2007 practice 9780849314735 Stillen: Frühkindliche Ernährung und reproduktive By Veronika Scherbaum, Ursula Deutscher Ärzteverlag, ISBN 3769104072, Gesundheit Kretschmer 2003 9783769104073 Georgetown University ISBN 1589010566, Freedom from want: the human right to adequate food By George Kent Press, 2005 9781589010567 International government information and country By Andrea Marie Morrison, Barbara Greenwood Publishing ISBN 1573564796, information: a subject guide J. Mann Group, 2004 9781573564793 Goldberger's war: the life and work of a public health Hill and Wang: New by Kraut ISBN 0-8090-1637-0 crusader York, 2003 By Richard D. Semba, Martin W. Nutrition and Health in Developing Countries Edition: ISBN 193411524X, Bloem, Peter Piot, M.D. Ph.D. Humana Press, 2008 2, 9781934115244 (FRW) By Antrazyt (Stephen Devereux, ISBN 8498880300, Hijas de Erin Bapu Vaitla, Samuel Hauensten Swan Icaria Editorial 9788498880304 (Acción contra el Hambre) By Icon Group International, Inc. ICON Group ISBN 0546663427, Malnutrition: Webster's Quotations, Facts and Phrases Compiled by Icon Group International, Inc., 2008 9780546663426 International, Inc. By Fédération internationale des sociétés de la Croix-Rouge et du International Federation ISBN 9291390666, World disasters report 2000 focus on public health Croissant-Rouge, International of Red Cross and Red 9789291390663 Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies, 2000 Crescent Societies Internationale Achieving Food and Nutrition Security (Action to meet Weiterbildung und (Klennert K. Ed.) ISBN 3-937235-71-X the global challenge) Entwicklung gGmbH, Bonn (Germany) 2005 By Rebecca Mannel, Patricia J. Core Curriculum for Lactation Consultant Practice Martens, Marsha Walker, Jones & Bartlett ISBN 0763745030, Edition: 2, International Lactation Consultant Publishers, 2007 9780763745035 Association By Xavier Crombé, Jean-Hervé KARTHALA Editions, ISBN 2845869282, Niger 2005, une catastrophe si naturelle Jézéquel, Jean-Hervé Bradol 2007 9782845869288 Fear of persecution: global human rights, international By James Daniel White, Anthony J. ISBN 0739115669, Lexington Books, 2007 law, and human well-being Marsella 9780739115664 William H. Markle, Melanie A. McGraw-Hill ISBN 0071487840, Understanding global health. Fisher, Raymond A. Smego. Professional,2 007 9780071487849 By William J.