DOCSLIB.ORG

Chronicle 03

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Chronicle 03 CHRONICLE 03 The revolution in skin care The fi rst years of NIVEA INTRODUCTION From laboratory to daily life A start with obstacles Great innovations change people’s routines. That is no the skin made it easier to maintain youthfulness and different today than it was over 100 years ago. New beauty. NIVEA Creme was not always particularly cheap, discoveries in medicine, technology, electronics, and but nonetheless it was affordable for a wider market. chemistry make long-term changes to our lives. Even One could say that this innovation was destined for global crises cannot hinder such developments – at success. However, the First World War began quite best merely slow them down. soon after its introduction in Germany, bringing largely In the early 20th century, three men laid the basis for to a halt the distribution of the new cream and the great changes in the everyday life of many people by expanded assortment of products under the same isolating the emulsifi er Eucerit and consequently using name. The post-war period, plagued by infl ation and this to develop NIVEA Creme. Until that time, skin care hyperinfl ation, did not exactly contribute to improving as such had not played much of a role. Most people market conditions. Nonetheless, the brand overcame simply used water and soap for cleansing. The new these early obstacles to become the largest skin care cream could transfer moisture into skin that was brand in the world. And that is not all – a change in look frequently damaged, which led to the prevention of and a new communication strategy led in the following many dermatological problems. In addition, caring for years to it even becoming a brand icon. 2 Beiersdorf Chronicle · 03 Beiersdorf Chronicle · 03 3 FOCUS NIVEA changes skin care Three very different people and a new kind of emulsifi er were required for NIVEA Creme to revolutionize skin care forever. The snow-white cream, which fi rst entered the market at the end of 1911 in yellow packaging, changed skin care habits in Germany and all over the world. Troplowitz and Lifschütz at the filling of the first series of NIVEA Creme in the lab, December 1911. Previous double page: NIVEA ad from 1914 "NIVEA Creme, Hair Milk, Powder for the proper care of skin for adults and children to maintain beauty and health". Beiersdorf Chronicle · 03 7 BBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBB BACKGROUND Trademark registration Apart from soap, which could already be found in When NIVEA Creme came onto the market in the NIVEA assortment from 1906, many December 1911, the NIVEA brand was already six consumers used fatty creams for skin care. The years old. In the summer of 1905, Oscar Troplowitz ads from 1913 show the target group of the new brand next to the new NIVEA products: socially registered the brand name at the Imperial Patent Offi ce well-off women. under the number 82840. On November 9, 1905, the brand was registered in the trademark registry, protect- ing it. The brand name was fi rst used a few months later when “Beiersdorf’s Rich Base Soap” was renamed “NIVEA Soap.” But the brand name’s real fi rst appear- ance was with the introduction of NIVEA Creme onto the market. With its derivation from Latin (nix or nivis, meaning snow), Troplowitz created a pleasant name that rolls off the tongue all around the world. Text: Thorsten Finke The emulsifi er Eucerit over because the new salve base possessed none of these drawbacks. Moreover, in comparison to Lanolin, >> At the beginning of the 20th century, skin care was The chemist Isaac Lifschütz made the breakthrough in Eucerin could absorb many times more water. a diffi cult matter. In the German Empire it was mostly 1898. In a long series of tests, he succeeded in Lifschütz recognized that his invention opened limited to using soap and fatty cream, and there were isolating a substance out of the fat of sheep’s wool – groundbreaking possibilities in medicine. Articles only a few creams available with consistent quality. Eucerit – with which water and oil could be combined published by dermatologist Paul Gerson Unna Awareness of the importance of skin care was not yet to create a stable emulsion – Eucerin. Eucerit was the confi rmed that Eucerin was wonderfully suited for very widespread, and each druggist and pharmacist basis of the “method for the manufacture of a highly dermatological purposes. had his own special mixture. water-absorbent salve base” that Lifschütz was given In 1909, in order to produce and market Eucerin in But the main problem was on another level: most in 1902. The name comes from Greek and means great style, Lifschütz joined the board of the company creams and salves consisted of plant-based or “beautiful wax.” Hegeler & Brünings Fett & Seifenwerke AG in Aumund animal-based oils and spoiled quickly. The few In 1882, Otto Braun had already patented the near Bremen. He brought the usage rights of his products that were produced based on mineral oils emulsifi er Lanolin. With Lanolin it was possible to patent with him to this position. The Eucerin was lasted longer, but couldn’t penetrate into the deeper produce a water-absorbent salve base, but it had produced in a new plant. Dres. Mielck & Runge from layers of the skin and transport moisture into the cells. signifi cant drawbacks in smell, shelf life, and consis- the Schwanen-Apotheke in Hamburg took over Registered with the Imperial Patent Offi ce since 1905: This changed with the discovery of a new kind of tency. Pharmacists had only used it because there just distribution. the brand NIVEA emulsifi er. wasn’t any other option. But those days were now Resounding success never came, however, BBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBB 8 Beiersdorf Chronicle · 03 Beiersdorf Chronicle · 03 9 BBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBB BACKGROUND The fathers of the cream which Lifschütz mostly attributed to poor marketing. Three men revolutionized Lockstedter Weg (today continued them at the But an offer that he had received a few years earlier skin care with NIVEA Unnastraße). His most University of Freiburg in from Oscar Troplowitz now seemed more interesting to Creme. The key to their important achievement Breisgau, where in 1884 him than ever: Troplowitz, owner of the company success was the diverse was the establishment of he gained his doctorate in P. Beiersdorf & Co., wanted to develop a cosmetic skills that they each brands like Labello and chemistry. In the product with Eucerin – skin cream. This wasn’t actually brought with them. NIVEA, which are still following years, one of his the direction that Lifschütz had wanted to take with his popular today. Troplowitz major research occupa- patent, but the offer was good and the prospects was convinced that brand tions was with the wool promising. After long and diffi cult negotiations, they articles of reliable quality wax derived from sheep’s At that time, scientists fi nally came to an agreement. at Beiersdorf and whose usefulness to wool. In 1898 he had his Paul Gerson Unna, researched the skin in the consumer was well breakthrough: Lifschütz the scientist numerous laboratory documented would be a isolated the emulsifi er (1850–1929) Purchase of Eucerin factory rooms. With the production process for successful concept for the Eucerit from the raw In 1906, Paul Gerson Unna had already made Troplo- Eucerin that had been future. The entrepreneur, material. In 1900, he After graduating from witz aware of Isaac Lifschütz’s patented Eucerit and patented in 1902 by Dr. who was both customer- registered the patent for high school, Paul Gerson Isaac Lifschütz, the salve base Eucerin. Troplowitz had been working research could be and market-oriented the manufacturing Unna studied medicine at with the dermatologist Unna since he had taken over advanced and reached and from the beginning process for a salve base the Universities of the company in 1890. Unna made fi rst contact with a first milestone thought and acted inter- derived from the Eucerit Heidelberg, Leipzig, and in 1911 with the new Lifschütz, but the gentlemen couldn’t come to an NIVEA Creme. Oscar Troplowitz, nationally, also kept in production process. The Strasbourg. In 1881, he agreement. It was not until 1911 that Lifschütz allowed the brand maker mind the scientifi cally dermatologist Dr. Paul opened a private der- himself to be convinced by Troplowitz and sold him (1863–1918) based further develop- Gerson Unna recognized matology clinic on the entire Eucerin factory, including the patent. ment of his products. the signifi cance of Eucerit Dammtorstraße in At that time, the production of cosmetic products After graduating from for dermatology and Hamburg. It was during in Troplowitz’s company was still in its infancy. Only high school, training to discussed the emulsifi er this time that he fi rst soap, toothpaste, hand cream and a new kind of lip be a pharmacist, and in his monthly dermatolo- came in contact with Paul BBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBB balm were already listed among the products of studying chemistry at the gical journal. Despite all C. Beiersdorf, with whom P. Beiersdorf & Co., but they were just a fraction of the CONTEMPORARY WITNESS Universities of Breslau the scientifi c recognition, Unna developed a process assortment, which overwhelmingly consisted of and Heidelberg, Oscar the greatest success of for the production of plasters. The new cream supplemented the category “Yes, the NIVEA Creme is not Troplowitz made his way Lifschütz’s discovery only medicinal plasters – the of cosmetic products, and Troplowitz thought Eucerin yet finished. The packaging isn’t to Hamburg with a doc- became apparent when date of the associated had a big future as the basis for additional products. there yet.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Managing Political Risk in Global Business: Beiersdorf 1914-1990
    Managing Political Risk in Global Business: Beiersdorf 1914-1990 Geoffrey Jones Christina Lubinski Working Paper 12-003 July 22, 2011 Copyright © 2011 by Geoffrey Jones and Christina Lubinski Working papers are in draft form. This working paper is distributed for purposes of comment and discussion only. It may not be reproduced without permission of the copyright holder. Copies of working papers are available from the author. Managing Political Risk in Global Business: Beiersdorf 1914-1990 Geoffrey Jones Christina Lubinski 1 Abstract This working paper examines corporate strategies of political risk management during the twentieth century. It focuses especially on Beiersdorf, a German-based pharmaceutical and skin care company. During World War 1 the expropriation of its brands and trademarks revealed its vulnerability to political risk. Following the advent of the Nazi regime in 1933, the largely Jewish owned and managed company, faced a uniquely challenging combination of home and host country political risk. The paper reviews the firm's responses to these adverse circumstances, challenging the prevailing literature which interprets so-called "cloaking" activities as one element of businesses’ cooperation with the Nazis. The paper departs from previous literature in assessing the outcomes of the company’s strategies after 1945. It examines the challenges and costs faced by the company in recovering the ownership of its brands. While the management of distance became much easier over the course of the twentieth century because of communications
    [Show full text]
  • The Crisis Manager the Jacobsohn Era, 1914 –1938 INTRODUCTION
    CHRONICLE 05 The crisis manager The Jacobsohn era, 1914 –1938 INTRODUCTION From the First World War to National Socialism A world in turmoil “Carpe diem” – seize the day. This Latin motto is carved over their positions. Beyond the factory gates, things on the gravestone of Dr. Willy Jacobsohn in Los Angeles were also far from peaceful: German society took a long and captures the essence of his life admirably. Given time to recover from the war. The period up until the the decades spanned by Jacobsohn’s career, this out- end of 1923 was scourged by unemployment, food and look on everyday life made a lot of sense: after all, housing shortages, and high inflation. The “Golden his career at Beiersdorf took place during what was Twenties” offered a brief respite, but even in the heyday arguably the most turbulent period in European history. of Germany’s first democracy, racist and anti-Semitic In fact, there are quite a few historians who describe feelings were simmering below the surface in society the period between 1914 and 1945 as the “second and politics, erupting in 1933 when the National Socia- Thirty Years War.” lists came to power. Jewish businessman Jacobsohn The First World War broke out shortly after Jacob- was no longer able to remain in Germany and, five years sohn joined the company in 1914. Although the war later, was even forced to leave Europe for America. ended four years later, Beiersdorf continued to suffer However, by then he had succeeded in stabilizing the crisis after crisis. Dr. Oscar Troplowitz and Dr.
    [Show full text]
  • NIVEA Deo - First to Introduce Whitening Deodorant in Thailand Using Breakthrough Technology
    mind in sun protection; number one in market share. • NIVEA Deo - first to introduce whitening deodorant in Thailand using breakthrough technology. • NIVEA Lip Care - first lip care line in Thailand; market leader Throughout the years over 1.4 billion pieces of different NIVEA products have been produced for Thai consumers. It is the first, and only, brand with a product range that covers “top to toe” for all ages, ranges and genders. HISTORY The original NIVEA Creme was born in 1911, RECENT DEVELOpmENTS using an effective combination of pioneering Brand innovation is an integral part of NIVEA’s research, creativity and business expertise. NIVEA success, and at its core is a strong conviction that was part of Beiersdorf, a company in Hamburg, research and development are its backbone. In Germany that Dr Oscar Troplowitz had acquired an industry that evolves rapidly and continuously earlier and expanded through revolutionary the company invests heavily in research so it can research. He and his team of chemists developed use the most advanced technology to meet the the first stable grease and moisture cream in changing preferences of consumers. the world and called it NIVEA, derived from For example, in 2010, NIVEA introduced the Latin niveus/nivea/niveum, meaning “snow- NIVEA Body Whitening Serum, which is the first white”. From there, the company succeeded in of its kind in Thailand. Consumers have been pioneering other skin care products that crossed looking for a product that can answer several products maximum visibility. Specialised teams are different borders. needs at once and the launch of this new serum dedicated to planning, developing and executing Beiersdorf’s Cosmed Division was established demonstrates, once again, the importance NIVEA strategic activities, promotions and campaigns.
    [Show full text]
  • This Chart Uses Web the Top 300 Brands F This Chart
    This chart uses Web traffic from readers on TotalBeauty.com to rank the top 300 brands from over 1,400 on our site. As of December 2010 Rank Nov. Rank Brand SOA 1 1 Neutrogena 3.13% 2 4 Maybelline New York 2.80% 3 2 L'Oreal 2.62% 4 3 MAC 2.52% 5 6 Olay 2.10% 6 7 Revlon 1.96% 7 30 Bath & Body Works 1.80% 8 5 Clinique 1.71% 9 11 Chanel 1.47% 10 8 Nars 1.43% 11 10 CoverGirl 1.34% 12 74 John Frieda 1.31% 13 12 Lancome 1.28% 14 20 Avon 1.21% 15 19 Aveeno 1.09% 16 21 The Body Shop 1.07% 17 9 Garnier 1.04% 18 23 Conair 1.02% 19 14 Estee Lauder 0.99% 20 24 Victoria's Secret 0.97% 21 25 Burt's Bees 0.94% 22 32 Kiehl's 0.90% 23 16 Redken 0.89% 24 43 E.L.F. 0.89% 25 18 Sally Hansen 0.89% 26 27 Benefit 0.87% 27 42 Aussie 0.86% 28 31 T3 0.85% 29 38 Philosophy 0.82% 30 36 Pantene 0.78% 31 13 Bare Escentuals 0.77% 32 15 Dove 0.76% 33 33 TRESemme 0.75% 34 17 Aveda 0.73% 35 40 Urban Decay 0.71% 36 46 Clean & Clear 0.71% 37 26 Paul Mitchell 0.70% 38 41 Bobbi Brown 0.67% 39 37 Clairol 0.60% 40 34 Herbal Essences 0.60% 41 93 Suave 0.59% 42 45 Dior 0.56% 43 29 Origins 0.55% 44 28 St.
    [Show full text]
  • European Patent Bulletin 1988/11
    1988/11 :6.03J988 BîbHoth«di Jbrar-, ärbJta-'^au« 0259298-0260250 1 8. MRZ, 1983 ISSN 0170-9305 EPA-EPO -ŒB Europäisches European Bulletin européen Patentblatt Patent Bulletin des brevets Inhalt Contents Sommaire I. Veröffentlichte Anmeldungen 10 I. Published Applications 10 I. Demandes publiées 10 I.l Geordnet nach der Internationalen 10 I.I Arranged in accordance with the 10 I.l Classées selon la classification 10 Patentklassifikation International patent classification internationale des brevets 1.2(1) Int. Anmeldungen (Art. 158(1)) 131 1.2(1) Int. applications (Art. 158(1)) 131 1.2(1) Demandes int. (art. 158(1)) 131 1.2(2) Int. Anmeldungen, die nicht in die 137 1.2(2) Int. applications not entering the 137 1.2(2) Demandes int. non entrées dans la 137 europäische Phase eingetreten sind European phase phase européenne 1.3 (1) Geordnet nach Veröflentlichungs- 139 1.3(1) Arranged by publication number 139 1.3(1) Classées selon les numéros de 139 nummcrn publication 1.3 (2) Geordnet nach Anmeldenummern 148 1.3(2) Arranged by application number 148 1.3(2) Classées selon les numéros des 148 demandes 1.4 Geordnet nach Namen der 157 1.4 Arranged by name of applicant 157 1.4 Classées selon les noms des 157 Anmelder demandeurs 1.5 Geordnet nach benannten 174 1.5 Arranged by designated Contracting 174 1.5 Classées selon les Etats contractants 174 Vertragsstaaten States désignés 1.6(1) Nach Erstellung des europäischen 206 1.6 ( 1 ) Documents discovered after 206 1.6(1) Documents découverts après 206 Recherchenberichts ermittelte neue completion
    [Show full text]
  • 24058577 Leseprobe Beiersdorf.Pdf
    Unverkäufliche Leseprobe Alfred Reckendrees Beiersdorf. Die Geschichte des Unternehmens hinter den Marken NIVEA, tesa, Hansaplast & Co 2018. 410 S., mit zahlreichen farbigen Abbildungen, Diagrammen und Tabellen ISBN 978-3-406-72508-1 Weitere Informationen finden Sie hier: https://www.chbeck.de/24058577 © Verlag C.H.Beck oHG, München Alfred Reckendrees Beiersdorf. Die Geschichte des Unternehmens hinter den Marken NIVEA, tesa, Hansaplast & Co C. H. BECK 181025_BDF_Layout_d_rz.indd 1 25.10.18 19:07 Inhalt 6 Einleitung 16 Kapitel 1 1880 bis 1890 Paul Beiersdorf. Sein „Laboratorium derma to therapeutischer Präparate“ und die Anfänge des Unternehmens 29 Kapitel 2 1890 bis 1918 Markenprodukte für die ganze Welt. Leukoplast, Pebeco & Nivea 61 Kapitel 3 1918 bis 1933 Reorganisation und Neubeginn. Markenrechtskonflikte, neue Produkte und neue Krisen 98 Kapitel 4 1933 bis 1945 Boykott, gute Geschäfte und Kriegswirtschaft 143 Kapitel 5 1945 bis 1969 Produkte für jedermann. Wiederaufbau, Wirtschaftswunder und Neubeginn im Ausland 202 Kapitel 6 1969 bis 1989 Divisionalisierung als Strategie. cosmed, pharma, medical und tesa 275 Kapitel 7 1989 bis 2003 Global für die Haut 335 Nachwort für wissen schaft liche Leserinnen und Leser 350 Anhang Anmerkungen, Tabellen, Aufsichtsrats- und Vorstandsmitglieder 1922 bis 2004, Quellenverzeichnis, Literaturverzeichnis, Register 181025_BDF_Layout_d_rz.indd 4 25.10.18 19:07 Abbildungen und Tabellen 37 Abb. 2.1 Umsatz der P. Beiersdorf & Co. 1900 bis 1915 43 Abb. 2.2 Umsatz, Reingewinn und Zahl der Beschäftigten 1900 bis 1917 55 Abb. 2.3 Gewinn der Eigentümer, Summe der Löhne und Gehälter 1909 bis 1917 90 Abb. 3.1 Beiersdorf-Auslandsfirmen. Besitzverhältnisse am 1. November 1934 113 Abb.
    [Show full text]
  • Her Obsession with Beauty Products Yesterday, Today and Tomorrow
    Her Obsession with Beauty Products Yesterday, Today and Tomorrow A comparative look at yesterday’s and today’s beauty trends, influencers and behaviors, and predictions of trends for the next decade. © 2016 The Benchmarking Company PAST PINKREPORTS S REPORT METHODOLOGY URVEY Screeners Purpose of the Report Demographics D Trends by 10 The 2016 PinkReport provides a detailed look at the US ESIGN female beauty consumer benchmarked against data Shopping Behaviors collected in TBC’s original PinkReport issued in 2006. AND Spending Behaviors The online survey was completed by 2,747 female Categories She Buys beauty consumers who have used beauty products S within the past 12 months. COPE Brands Preferences Retail Channel The comprehensive survey instrument, included 56 in- Preferences depth questions, and was developed based on exploratory psychometric and demographic questions. Impact of Technology Influencers & Research Execution Motivators o US Women, Vetted Attitude Drivers Beauty Buyers Trends for next decade o Ages: 18-70 o Online Fielding o May – August 2016 WHAT WE WILL COVER TODAY… MEET THE BEAUTY CONSUMER THE PARADIGM SHIFT BENCHMARKING STATS TRENDS BY 10 TRENDS FOR THE NEXT 10 Section VII: A Changing Retail Landscape Online Outlets Post the Highest Gains Department Store Decline Brick and Mortar on Solid Foundation Her Brick and Mortar Favorites Mass Market Dominance: Superstores, Drug Stores and Grocery The Lure of TV Home Shopping Section VIII: How Much She Spends, Where and Why Is it Habit, Loyalty, or Lust that Causes Her to
    [Show full text]
  • NIVEA – Representing Skin Care for More Than 100 Years
    NIVEA – Representing Skin Care for More Than 100 Years Background Putting a smile on people’s faces every day – this is what truly motivates the NIVEA team. Thanks to the excellent yet always affordable quality of NIVEA products, Beiersdorf’s NIVEA team plays a part in making people feel that little bit more comfortable in their own skin. And has been doing so for more than 100 years. NIVEA is an iconic brand with a global reach and an exemplary success story that began in Hamburg, where, in December 1911, the world’s first oil-based and moisturizer cream to be produced on an industrial scale – NIVEA Creme – was introduced to the market. NIVEA has gone on to become the world’s biggest skin care brand* and is now available in 179 countries. In Germany, NIVEA has a recognition value of close to 100 percent, while the brand is more trusted throughout Europe than any other skin care brand. NIVEA is also the most important and most valuable Beiersdorf brand. In 2018, all the NIVEA products together contributed 4.244 billion euros to the Group’s total sales of 7.233 billion euros – that’s more than half. The aim is to secure the leading market position for the NIVEA brand around the world in all the relevant categories. NIVEA already has top positions globally, for example in the categories body and hand, face, sun, men, and lip. For years, NIVEA has stood for top and reliable quality, good value for money, and a positive image. Security, trust, closeness, and credibility are the brand’s core values.
    [Show full text]
  • LITHUANIA: List of Personal Care Cosmetic Products (Pccps) Containing Microplastic (As for 2015)
    LITHUANIA: List of personal care cosmetic products (PCCPs) containing microplastic (as for 2015) Peeling Brand Product name Manufacturer Plastic Adidas Women Daily Scrub Coty PE Adidas Active Scrub Coty PE Aldo Vandini Sensual Aroma Body Peeling Tamarinde & Mann und Schröder GmbH PE/AC Ingwer Avene Gentle Purifying Scrub Pierre Fabre Dermo- PE Kosmetik GmbH Avon Clearskin Pore Penetrating Invigorating Scrub Avon Products PE Avon Clearskin Professional Deep Pore Cleansing Avon Products PE Scrub Clinique 7 Day Scrub Cream Rinse-Off Formula Estée Lauder Companies PE GmBH Clinique Exfoliating Scrub Estée Lauder Companies PE GmBH Collistar Magic Scrub Face-Body Collistar PE Essence Pure Skin Anti-Spot 4in1 Cream Wash Cosnova GmbH PE Eucerin Dermo Purifyer Scrub Beiersdorf AG PE Fruttini My Red Carpet Cherry Body Scrub Mann und Schröder GmbH AC Garnier Pure Active Fruit Energy Gel Scrub L’Oréal PE Garnier Pure Active 3in1 L’Oréal PE Garnier Pure Active Intensive Charcoal Scrub L’Oréal PE/AC Garnier Anti-Spot Exfoliating Scrub L’Oréal PE La Mer The Refining Facial La mer Cosmetics AC/PE Lancome Exfoliance Clarte L’Oréal PE Lancome Exfoliance Comfort L’Oréal PE/AC L‘Oreal Skin Perfection Exfoliator L’Oréal PE/AC La Roche-Posay Lipikar Syndet L’Oréal AC Margarita Veido šveitiklis BIOK laboratorija PE/AC Neutrogena Visibly Clear Pore & Shine Daily Scrub Johnson & Johnson PE Neutrogena Visibly Clear Pink Grapefruit Daily Scrub Johnson & Johnson PE Neutrogena Visibly Clear Blackhead Eliminating Daily Scrub Johnson & Johnson PE Nivea Pure Effect Clean
    [Show full text]
  • Elkriterier 95/0519
    Pretty Nasty – Phthalates in European Cosmetic Products Contents Executive summary 3 Actions needed 3 Abbreviations 4 Introduction 5 Materials and methods 5 Results 6 Reproductive toxicity of phthalates 11 Major pollutants and aggregate exposure 14 Regulation of phthalates in the EU 16 References 19 © November 2002 by Health Care Without Harm All rights reserved. Produced in Sweden. Contributors Joseph DiGangi, PhD Health Care Without Harm, USA Helena Norin Swedish Society for Nature Conservation, Sweden Acknowledgments Our thanks go to the following individuals who helped shape the content of this report or who served as reviewers: Charlotte Brody, Health Care Without Harm, USA; Lone Hummelshøj, Health Care Without Harm, Europe; Helen Lynn, Women’s Environmental Network, UK; Frida Olofsdotter, Swedish Society for Nature Conservation, Sweden; Per Rosander, Health Care Without Harm, Europe; Ted Schettler, MD, Science and Environmental Health Network, USA; Liz Sutton, Women’s Environmental Network, UK. Thanks also to Mera text & form for report design and production. Executive Summary Women’s Environmental Network, Swedish Society for Nature Conservation, and Health Care Without Harm contracted a certified Swedish analytical laboratory to test 34 name-brand cos- metic products for phthalates, a large family of synthetic chemicals linked to decreased fertility and reproductive defects. The laboratory found phthalates in nearly 80% of the products. More than half of the tested cosmetics contained more than one type of phthalate. Major brands included products by Boots, Christian Dior, L’Oreal, Procter & Gamble, Lever Fabergé, and Wella. None of the products listed phthalates as an ingredient on the label. In November 2002, the EU amended the Cosmetics Directive 76/768/EEC to order the removal of two phthalates in the very near future because of their reproductive toxicity (DEHP and DBP).
    [Show full text]
  • Biografía. Pau Gerson Unna. El Significado De La Vida
    Biografía. Pau Gerson Unna. El significado de la vida Desde que el hombre es hombre se ha preguntado cuál es el significado de la vida, una cuestión controvertida y sin respuesta definitiva. Entre ellas se encuentran: 1- nihilista: la vida no tiene sentido alguno, toda vida finaliza, nada queda; 2- teológica: cumplir con las leyes de Dios y glorificar su nombre debiera ser el sentido de nuestra vida; 3- individualista, no importa si existe o no un Dios o algún sentido intrínseco de la vida, para vivir una vida gratificante es necesario que uno mismo le dé un significado y 4- ética: el sentido de la vida es darle sentido a la vida a los demás viviéndola virtuosamente. Sería harto interesante tratar de preguntarse cuál ha sido el sentido de la vida de Paul Gerson Unna, en qué categoría de las anteriormente enunciadas pertenecería una personalidad tan original, multifacética, iconoclástica de este admirable ser humano. La vida: nació en Hamburgo el 8 de Setiembre de 1850, hijo de un respetable médico, Mauricio Adolfo Unna y su madre Ida Gerson, también hija de médico. Paul Unna tenía una gran estima por su abuelo por parte materna y en 1870 solicita permiso al Senado de Hamburgo para incorporar el nombre Gerson, pasando así a ser Paul Gerson Unna. En el mismo año comienza sus estudios de medicina, al poco tiempo de haberse mudado a Heidelberg, comienza la guerra franco-prusiana. Unna se alista en las filas prusianas tres semanas antes del armisticio, pero en la batalla de Le Mans es herido en un muslo de un tiro, se lo deriva a su casa y luego de meses se recupera, como todo herido de guerra le es otorgada una pequeña pensión de por vida, que luego le ayudará para sus investigaciones en la dermatología.
    [Show full text]
  • Press Release
    PRESS RELEASE Beiersdorf commemorates the 150th birthday of NIVEA’s founding father Oscar Troplowitz – Hamburg‘s Kunsthalle hosts exhibition Troplowitz the entrepreneur: from laboratory to global corporation Troplowitz the brand pioneer: use of modern design and advertising Troplowitz the philanthropist: committed to social issues Hamburg, January 17, 2013 - Oscar Troplowitz wasn’t just one of the first men to introduce product branding in Germany, he also invented NIVEA Creme and is one of the most brilliant entrepreneurs of his age. As a parliamentarian, Troplowitz supported social reform. He was a modest philanthropist, a far-sighted collector and a generous patron of the arts. Troplowitz acquired the Beiersdorf laboratory, which manufactured medical plasters, in 1890 and transformed it into a flourishing global company with an international reputation. On January 18 it would have been his 150th birthday. Pharmacist Troplowitz proved to be a pioneer with exceptional business acumen who established design awareness as a factor of success through Beiersdorf. He built up the company’s export business, developed innovative products and pro-actively marketed them. Yet despite being a successful entrepreneur, he always put his employees and customers first. As a result of his commitment to social issues and generosity Troplowitz was able to establish a very positive working climate that fostered mutual respect. Even today Troplowitz’s initiatives still shape the Beiersdorf corporate culture and many things at the company still have his ‘signature’ on them. The company headquarters are still located in Hamburg-Eimsbüttel on a piece of land purchased by Troplowitz in 1892. Many of the products and brands that Troplowitz developed can still be found on the shelves of retail outlets today.
    [Show full text]