Spider Venom: Components, Modes of Action, and Novel Strategies in Transcriptomic and Proteomic Analyses
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Lehman Caves Management Plan
National Park Service U.S. Department of the Interior Great Basin National Park Lehman Caves Management Plan June 2019 ON THE COVER Photograph of visitors on tour of Lehman Caves NPS Photo ON THIS PAGE Photograph of cave shields, Grand Palace, Lehman Caves NPS Photo Shields in the Grand Palace, Lehman Caves. Lehman Caves Management Plan Great Basin National Park Baker, Nevada June 2019 Approved by: James Woolsey, Superintendent Date Executive Summary The Lehman Caves Management Plan (LCMP) guides management for Lehman Caves, located within Great Basin National Park (GRBA). The primary goal of the Lehman Caves Management Plan is to manage the cave in a manner that will preserve and protect cave resources and processes while allowing for respectful recreation and scientific use. More specifically, the intent of this plan is to manage Lehman Caves to maintain its geological, scenic, educational, cultural, biological, hydrological, paleontological, and recreational resources in accordance with applicable laws, regulations, and current guidelines such as the Federal Cave Resource Protection Act and National Park Service Management Policies. Section 1.0 provides an introduction and background to the park and pertinent laws and regulations. Section 2.0 goes into detail of the natural and cultural history of Lehman Caves. This history includes how infrastructure was built up in the cave to allow visitors to enter and tour, as well as visitation numbers from the 1920s to present. Section 3.0 states the management direction and objectives for Lehman Caves. Section 4.0 covers how the Management Plan will meet each of the objectives in Section 3.0. -
Comparative Functional Morphology of Attachment Devices in Arachnida
Comparative functional morphology of attachment devices in Arachnida Vergleichende Funktionsmorphologie der Haftstrukturen bei Spinnentieren (Arthropoda: Arachnida) DISSERTATION zur Erlangung des akademischen Grades doctor rerum naturalium (Dr. rer. nat.) an der Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftlichen Fakultät der Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel vorgelegt von Jonas Otto Wolff geboren am 20. September 1986 in Bergen auf Rügen Kiel, den 2. Juni 2015 Erster Gutachter: Prof. Stanislav N. Gorb _ Zweiter Gutachter: Dr. Dirk Brandis _ Tag der mündlichen Prüfung: 17. Juli 2015 _ Zum Druck genehmigt: 17. Juli 2015 _ gez. Prof. Dr. Wolfgang J. Duschl, Dekan Acknowledgements I owe Prof. Stanislav Gorb a great debt of gratitude. He taught me all skills to get a researcher and gave me all freedom to follow my ideas. I am very thankful for the opportunity to work in an active, fruitful and friendly research environment, with an interdisciplinary team and excellent laboratory equipment. I like to express my gratitude to Esther Appel, Joachim Oesert and Dr. Jan Michels for their kind and enthusiastic support on microscopy techniques. I thank Dr. Thomas Kleinteich and Dr. Jana Willkommen for their guidance on the µCt. For the fruitful discussions and numerous information on physical questions I like to thank Dr. Lars Heepe. I thank Dr. Clemens Schaber for his collaboration and great ideas on how to measure the adhesive forces of the tiny glue droplets of harvestmen. I thank Angela Veenendaal and Bettina Sattler for their kind help on administration issues. Especially I thank my students Ingo Grawe, Fabienne Frost, Marina Wirth and André Karstedt for their commitment and input of ideas. -
Scorpion Venom: New Promise in the Treatment of Cancer
Acta Biológica Colombiana ISSN: 0120-548X ISSN: 1900-1649 Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Facultad de Ciencias, Departamento de Biología SCORPION VENOM: NEW PROMISE IN THE TREATMENT OF CANCER GÓMEZ RAVE, Lyz Jenny; MUÑOZ BRAVO, Adriana Ximena; SIERRA CASTRILLO, Jhoalmis; ROMÁN MARÍN, Laura Melisa; CORREDOR PEREIRA, Carlos SCORPION VENOM: NEW PROMISE IN THE TREATMENT OF CANCER Acta Biológica Colombiana, vol. 24, no. 2, 2019 Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Facultad de Ciencias, Departamento de Biología Available in: http://www.redalyc.org/articulo.oa?id=319060771002 DOI: 10.15446/abc.v24n2.71512 PDF generated from XML JATS4R by Redalyc Project academic non-profit, developed under the open access initiative Revisión SCORPION VENOM: NEW PROMISE IN THE TREATMENT OF CANCER Veneno de escorpión: Una nueva promesa en el tratamiento del cáncer Lyz Jenny GÓMEZ RAVE 12* Institución Universitaria Colegio Mayor de Antioquia, Colombia Adriana Ximena MUÑOZ BRAVO 12 Institución Universitaria Colegio Mayor de Antioquia, Colombia Jhoalmis SIERRA CASTRILLO 3 [email protected] Universidad de Santander, Colombia Laura Melisa ROMÁN MARÍN 1 Institución Universitaria Colegio Mayor de Antioquia, Colombia Carlos CORREDOR PEREIRA 4 Acta Biológica Colombiana, vol. 24, no. 2, 2019 Universidad Simón Bolívar, Colombia Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Facultad de Ciencias, Departamento de Biología Received: 04 April 2018 ABSTRACT: Cancer is a public health problem due to its high worldwide Revised document received: 29 December 2018 morbimortality. Current treatment protocols do not guarantee complete remission, Accepted: 07 February 2019 which has prompted to search for new and more effective antitumoral compounds. Several substances exhibiting cytostatic and cytotoxic effects over cancer cells might DOI: 10.15446/abc.v24n2.71512 contribute to the treatment of this pathology. -
Common Name Proposal
3 Park Place, Suite 307 Phone: 301-731-4535 [email protected] Annapolis, MD 21401-3722 USA Fax: 301-731-4538 www.entsoc.org Proposal Form for new Common Name or Change of ESA-Approved Common Name Complete this form and send or e-mail to the above address. Submissions will not be considered unless this form is filled out completely. The proposer is expected to be familiar with the rules, recommendations, and procedures outlined in the “Use and Submission of Common Names” on the ESA website and with the discussion by A.B. Gurney, 1953, Journal of Economic Entomology 46:207-211. 1. Proposed new common name: Four species in the spider genus Cupiennius: 1) redfaced banana spider, 2) spotlegged banana spider, 3) redlegged banana spider, 4) Sale’s banana spider 2. Previously approved common name (if any): none 3. Scientific name (genus, species, author): 1) Cupiennius chiapanensis Medina, 2) Cupiennius getazi Simon, 3) Cupiennius coccineus F. O. Pickard-Cambridge, 4) Cupiennius salei (Keyserling) Order: Araneae Family: Ctenidae Supporting Information 4. Reasons supporting the need for the proposed common name: For the last decade, I have been working on a project involving spiders that have been brought into North America in international cargo. I am in the process of summarizing the work and writing a manuscript. Some of these spiders are huge (leg span 50 to 70 mm) and typically cause strong reaction by cargo processors and produce handlers who discover these creatures when they are unloading and unpacking bananas. One of the spiders, C. chiapanensis, (which has bright red cheliceral hairs – see cover of American Entomologist, 2008, volume 54, issue 2) has caused several misidentifications by qualified arachnologists because 1) this spider was unknown until it was given its scientific name in 2006 and 2) prior to the 21st century, the only reference that many entomologists had to ID international spiders was a children’s book, The Golden Guide to Spiders by Levi and Levi. -
Small Molecules in the Venom of the Scorpion Hormurus Waigiensis
biomedicines Article Small Molecules in the Venom of the Scorpion Hormurus waigiensis Edward R. J. Evans 1, Lachlan McIntyre 2, Tobin D. Northfield 3, Norelle L. Daly 1 and David T. Wilson 1,* 1 Centre for Molecular Therapeutics, AITHM, James Cook University, Cairns, QLD 4878, Australia; [email protected] (E.R.J.E.); [email protected] (N.L.D.) 2 Independent Researcher, P.O. Box 78, Bamaga, QLD 4876, Australia; [email protected] 3 Department of Entomology, Tree Fruit Research and Extension Center, Washington State University, Wenatchee, WA 98801, USA; [email protected] * Correspondence: [email protected]; Tel.: +61-7-4232-1707 Received: 30 June 2020; Accepted: 28 July 2020; Published: 31 July 2020 Abstract: Despite scorpion stings posing a significant public health issue in particular regions of the world, certain aspects of scorpion venom chemistry remain poorly described. Although there has been extensive research into the identity and activity of scorpion venom peptides, non-peptide small molecules present in the venom have received comparatively little attention. Small molecules can have important functions within venoms; for example, in some spider species the main toxic components of the venom are acylpolyamines. Other molecules can have auxiliary effects that facilitate envenomation, such as purines with hypotensive properties utilised by snakes. In this study, we investigated some non-peptide small molecule constituents of Hormurus waigiensis venom using LC/MS, reversed-phase HPLC, and NMR spectroscopy. We identified adenosine, adenosine monophosphate (AMP), and citric acid within the venom, with low quantities of the amino acids glutamic acid and aspartic acid also being present. -
Daily Locomotor Activity Patterns in Three Species of Cupiennius (Araneae, Ctenidae): the Males Are the Wandering Spiders
Schmitt, A., M. Schuster and E B. Barth. 1990. Daily locomotor activity patterns in three species of Cupiennius (Araneae, Ctenidae): The males are the wandering spiders. J. Araehnol., 18:249-255. DAILY LOCOMOTOR ACTIVITY PATTERNS IN THREE SPECIES OF CUPIENNIUS (ARANEAE, CTENIDAE): THE MALES ARE THE WANDERING SPIDERS Alain Schmitt, Martin Schuster and Friedrich G. Barth Institut fiir Zoologic, Abteilung Neurobiologie Universit~it Wien, Althanstr. 14 A-1090 Wien, Austria ABSTRACT The daily locomotor activity patterns of spiders of three large species of the genus Cupiennius (Ctenidae) were measured in an artificial 12:12 light:dark cycle. Adult males (N = 10) and females = 10) of each species of these nocturnal Central American wandering spiders were compared. On average, males were 3.5 (C. coccineus and C. gemzi) to 12.7 (C. saleO times more active than females. Hence, males are the truly wandering spiders. We suggest that this is due to sexually motivated searching behavior of the males. Of the two sympatric species, the males and the females of C. cot.t.inell.~ were on average 3.1 times more active than those of C. getazi. In addition C. coccineus exhibited a relative minimumin its locomotor activity when C. getazi showed its absolute maximum. This difference in activity pattern may contribute to the reproductive isolation of these two sympatric species. INTRODUCTION In the field adult and subadult wandering spiders of the species Cupiennius salei (Keyserling) are quite sedentary. Identified individuals were previously found in their retreats on the same dwelling plants for at least one week (Barth and Seyfarth 1979; Seyfarth 1980). -
2009 Vermilion, Alberta
September 2010 ISSN 0071‐0709 PROCEEDINGS OF THE 57th ANNUAL MEETING OF THE Entomological Society of Alberta November 5‐7, 2009 Vermilion, Alberta Content Entomological Society of Alberta Board of Directors for 2009 .............................................................. 3 Annual Meeting Committees for 2009 ................................................................................................. 3 President’s Address ............................................................................................................................. 4 Program of the 57th Annual Meeting.................................................................................................... 6 Oral Presentation Abstracts ................................................................................................................10 Poster Presentation Abstracts.............................................................................................................21 Index to Authors.................................................................................................................................24 Minutes of the Entomology Society of Alberta Executive/Board of Directors Meeting ........................26 Minutes of the Entomological Society of Alberta 57th Annual General Meeting...................................29 2009 Regional Director to the Entomological Society of Canada Report ..............................................32 2009 Northern Director’s Reports .......................................................................................................33 -
A Protocol for Online Documentation of Spider Biodiversity Inventories Applied to a Mexican Tropical Wet Forest (Araneae, Araneomorphae)
Zootaxa 4722 (3): 241–269 ISSN 1175-5326 (print edition) https://www.mapress.com/j/zt/ Article ZOOTAXA Copyright © 2020 Magnolia Press ISSN 1175-5334 (online edition) https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4722.3.2 http://zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:6AC6E70B-6E6A-4D46-9C8A-2260B929E471 A protocol for online documentation of spider biodiversity inventories applied to a Mexican tropical wet forest (Araneae, Araneomorphae) FERNANDO ÁLVAREZ-PADILLA1, 2, M. ANTONIO GALÁN-SÁNCHEZ1 & F. JAVIER SALGUEIRO- SEPÚLVEDA1 1Laboratorio de Aracnología, Facultad de Ciencias, Departamento de Biología Comparada, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Circuito Exterior s/n, Colonia Copilco el Bajo. C. P. 04510. Del. Coyoacán, Ciudad de México, México. E-mail: [email protected] 2Corresponding author Abstract Spider community inventories have relatively well-established standardized collecting protocols. Such protocols set rules for the orderly acquisition of samples to estimate community parameters and to establish comparisons between areas. These methods have been tested worldwide, providing useful data for inventory planning and optimal sampling allocation efforts. The taxonomic counterpart of biodiversity inventories has received considerably less attention. Species lists and their relative abundances are the only link between the community parameters resulting from a biotic inventory and the biology of the species that live there. However, this connection is lost or speculative at best for species only partially identified (e. g., to genus but not to species). This link is particularly important for diverse tropical regions were many taxa are undescribed or little known such as spiders. One approach to this problem has been the development of biodiversity inventory websites that document the morphology of the species with digital images organized as standard views. -
A Summary List of Fossil Spiders
A summary list of fossil spiders compiled by Jason A. Dunlop (Berlin), David Penney (Manchester) & Denise Jekel (Berlin) Suggested citation: Dunlop, J. A., Penney, D. & Jekel, D. 2010. A summary list of fossil spiders. In Platnick, N. I. (ed.) The world spider catalog, version 10.5. American Museum of Natural History, online at http://research.amnh.org/entomology/spiders/catalog/index.html Last udated: 10.12.2009 INTRODUCTION Fossil spiders have not been fully cataloged since Bonnet’s Bibliographia Araneorum and are not included in the current Catalog. Since Bonnet’s time there has been considerable progress in our understanding of the spider fossil record and numerous new taxa have been described. As part of a larger project to catalog the diversity of fossil arachnids and their relatives, our aim here is to offer a summary list of the known fossil spiders in their current systematic position; as a first step towards the eventual goal of combining fossil and Recent data within a single arachnological resource. To integrate our data as smoothly as possible with standards used for living spiders, our list follows the names and sequence of families adopted in the Catalog. For this reason some of the family groupings proposed in Wunderlich’s (2004, 2008) monographs of amber and copal spiders are not reflected here, and we encourage the reader to consult these studies for details and alternative opinions. Extinct families have been inserted in the position which we hope best reflects their probable affinities. Genus and species names were compiled from established lists and cross-referenced against the primary literature. -
First Insights Into the Subterranean Crustacean Bathynellacea
RESEARCH ARTICLE First Insights into the Subterranean Crustacean Bathynellacea Transcriptome: Transcriptionally Reduced Opsin Repertoire and Evidence of Conserved Homeostasis Regulatory Mechanisms Bo-Mi Kim1, Seunghyun Kang1, Do-Hwan Ahn1, Jin-Hyoung Kim1, Inhye Ahn1,2, Chi- Woo Lee3, Joo-Lae Cho4, Gi-Sik Min3*, Hyun Park1,2* a1111111111 1 Unit of Polar Genomics, Korea Polar Research Institute, Incheon, South Korea, 2 Polar Sciences, a1111111111 University of Science & Technology, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, South Korea, 3 Department of Biological a1111111111 Sciences, Inha University, Incheon, South Korea, 4 Nakdonggang National Institute of Biological Resources, a1111111111 Sangju, South Korea a1111111111 * [email protected] (HP); [email protected] (GM) Abstract OPEN ACCESS Bathynellacea (Crustacea, Syncarida, Parabathynellidae) are subterranean aquatic crusta- Citation: Kim B-M, Kang S, Ahn D-H, Kim J-H, Ahn I, Lee C-W, et al. (2017) First Insights into the ceans that typically inhabit freshwater interstitial spaces (e.g., groundwater) and are occa- Subterranean Crustacean Bathynellacea sionally found in caves and even hot springs. In this study, we sequenced the whole Transcriptome: Transcriptionally Reduced Opsin transcriptome of Allobathynella bangokensis using RNA-seq. De novo sequence assembly Repertoire and Evidence of Conserved produced 74,866 contigs including 28,934 BLAST hits. Overall, the gene sequences were Homeostasis Regulatory Mechanisms. PLoS ONE 12(1): e0170424. doi:10.1371/journal. most similar to those of the waterflea Daphnia pulex. In the A. bangokensis transcriptome, pone.0170424 no opsin or related sequences were identified, and no contig aligned to the crustacean visual Editor: Peng Xu, Xiamen University, CHINA opsins and non-visual opsins (i.e. -
Tarantulas and Social Spiders
Tarantulas and Social Spiders: A Tale of Sex and Silk by Jonathan Bull BSc (Hons) MSc ICL Thesis Presented to the Institute of Biology of The University of Nottingham in Partial Fulfilment of the Requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy The University of Nottingham May 2012 DEDICATION To my parents… …because they both said to dedicate it to the other… I dedicate it to both ii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS First and foremost I would like to thank my supervisor Dr Sara Goodacre for her guidance and support. I am also hugely endebted to Dr Keith Spriggs who became my mentor in the field of RNA and without whom my understanding of the field would have been but a fraction of what it is now. Particular thanks go to Professor John Brookfield, an expert in the field of biological statistics and data retrieval. Likewise with Dr Susan Liddell for her proteomics assistance, a truly remarkable individual on par with Professor Brookfield in being able to simplify even the most complex techniques and analyses. Finally, I would really like to thank Janet Beccaloni for her time and resources at the Natural History Museum, London, permitting me access to the collections therein; ten years on and still a delight. Finally, amongst the greats, Alexander ‘Sasha’ Kondrashov… a true inspiration. I would also like to express my gratitude to those who, although may not have directly contributed, should not be forgotten due to their continued assistance and considerate nature: Dr Chris Wade (five straight hours of help was not uncommon!), Sue Buxton (direct to my bench creepy crawlies), Sheila Keeble (ventures and cleans where others dare not), Alice Young (read/checked my thesis and overcame her arachnophobia!) and all those in the Centre for Biomolecular Sciences. -
Rondonin an Antifungal Peptide from Spider (Acanthoscurria Rondoniae) Haemolymph
CORE Metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk Provided by Elsevier - Publisher Connector Results in Immunology 2 (2012) 66–71 Contents lists available at SciVerse ScienceDirect Results in Immunology journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/rinim Rondonin an antifungal peptide from spider (Acanthoscurria rondoniae) haemolymph K.C.T. Riciluca a,b, R.S.R. Sayegh a, R.L. Melo a, P.I. Silva Jr.a,n a Laborato´rio Especial de Toxinologia Aplicada, Instituto Butantan, 05503-900 Sao~ Paulo – SP, Brazil b Coordenadoria de Controle de Doenc-as – CCD, Sao~ Paulo, Brazil article info abstract Article history: Antimicrobial activities were detected in the haemolymph of the spider Acanthoscurrria rondoniae.A Received 30 January 2012 novel antifungal peptide, rondonin, was purified by reverse phase high performance liquid chromato- Received in revised form graphy (RP-HPLC). Rondonin has an amino acid sequence of IIIQYEGHKH and a molecular mass of 20 March 2012 1236.776 Da. This peptide has identity to a C-terminal fragment of the ‘‘d’’ subunit of haemocyanin Accepted 22 March 2012 from the spiders Eurypelma californicum and Acanthoscurria gomesiana. A synthetic peptide mimicking Available online 2 April 2012 rondonin had identical characteristics to those of the isolated material, confirming its sequence. The Keywords: synthetic peptide was active only against fungus. These data led us to conclude that the antifungal Antimicrobial peptide activity detected in the plasma of these spiders is the result of enzymatic processing of a protein that Haemocyanin fragment delivers oxygen in the haemolymph of many chelicerate. Several studies have suggested that Rondonin haemocyanins are involved in the arthropod immune system, and the activity of this haemocyanin Acanthoscurria rondoniae Spider fragment reinforces this idea.