ௐ 3 ഇ! ࢱ 1-44! 2020 ѐ/ࡌ؞ཱི !ס έ៉઼ᅫࡁտ؞Ώ! ௐ 16 Taiwan International Studies Quarterly, Vol. 16, No. 3, pp. 1-44 Autumn 2020

政治整合的探討

߉ϒዡ ර̂ጯϔ୉ְચၱ൴णጯրି଱ڌ

ၡ ࢋ

Ăםă̈́நኢĂତ඾̬௜֣ᓑ઼̈́هፋЪ۞ໄڼ߆ځԧࣇࢵАᄲ ᅺϋٙᏜĶέ៉ߏ઼࡚ޢГֽဘྏᒢྋᅾΔҹ۞кϔ୉ᓑ֣៍ᕇĂ൒ ؃Ă֭ͷᑭෛ۞Ķ௚˘͹ཌྷķĂТॡ˵аᜪڱҫᅳгķ۞ᄲع࢕ְ߆ Ăԧࣇ૟੅ኢᖡქੱᒉдĶ௫̣ᕇķޢϿΐᄃॹР͐ඕЪ۞གྷរĂ౵̒ ĂপҾߏችࡻ͛۞Ķ̚රϔ઼έ៉ķĄޘͽֽ۞ၗ

ϿΐăॹР͐̒؃ă௚˘͹ཌྷăםፋЪă֣ᓑă઼ڼᙯᔣෟĈ߆

ፋЪ۞ሀёጯఙࡁ੅ڼ͹Ᏹăέ៉઼ᅫࡁտጯົٚᏱĶ߆ົםέ៉ለ߷ᓑ༖ࡁտٺ ൴ܑ ົķĂέΔĂέ̂७̓ົᐡĂ2020 ѐ 6 ͡ 6 ͟Ą ăௐ 3 ഇĞ2020/ࡌ؞ཱིğס Įέ៉઼ᅫࡁտ؞Ώįௐ 16 2

So far in the history of modern nations, with the exception perhaps of only the most primitive, unification has been the product of blood and iron.

………………………………………………………………………………………………

If, then, we speak frankly about the possibilities of unification, we conclude that current divided nations have two choices: to reunite by conflict and conquest or to peacefully co-exist and permit the slow processes of social mobilization and integration of ne nations to occur. …… Therefore, talk of peaceful reunification of the politically partitioned nations becomes null and void unless it deals with the development of new nations out of the old, and not the peaceful reunification of the old nations. Johnston（1976: xvii-xviii）

Taking into account its two entities, can be observed as a , , confederal- federal union, asymmetric federation-confederation or union. It all depends on the distribution of and entity . Rajko Kuzmanović1（Šiljak, 2015）

壹、政治整合的概念、及理論

ಏҜĞsocial unitğ̝ม۞ᙯܼ̙γ̶ฟ2ĞdivisionğăٕඕЪົۤ ăགྷᑻă̼̈́͛ĞٕщБğڼᄲፋЪ3Ğintegrationğѣ߆ڍĞassociationğĄт ࣎វඕЪڼፋЪĞpolitical integrationğΞͽᄲߏ߆ڼ࣎ࢬШĂ֤ᆃĂ߆ˬ ВТវĞpolitical communityğ۞࿅඀Ąಶᆸ৺˯҃֏Ă఺࣎གྷ࿅ፋڼࠎ߆ Ъֽ҃۞ඕЪវΞͽߏг͞Ğۤડğăౌົٕ࠷৺ă઼छă̈́ડાٕБ஧ّ

ٛ౰ࡊąऱਬ੺Ꮪჯ؈ߏ݈Ї೻೼೻ΙВ׶઼ĞRepublika Srpskağᓁ௚Ğ2007-10ğ 1 ĞWikipedia, 2019: Rajko KuzmanovićğĄ ,ĞpartitionğăྋវĞdisintegrationڼߏ઼छĂΞਕߏ̶ᗓĞseparationğă̶౷Ɵ̶ڍт 2 , dismemberment, breaking-upğăٕߏΝ௚˘Ğde-unificationğĄ ࠹̢ࣅᏥĞinterdependenceğĂٺᖙᛌࠎĶ௚ЪķĄΩγĂEtzioniĞ1965: 6-7ğፋЪ̙ඈ˫ 3 ۰ߏវրಏҜĞunits of systemsğ̝ม۞ᙯܼĂޢЯࠎ݈۰ߏ޽ВТវјࣶ̝ม۞ᙯܼă ۰ݒΞਕߏֽҋγొٙૻΐ۞Ąޢ۰ߏ̰ొҋԧჯ᜕Ğself-maintainedğֽ҃۞ă݈ ፋЪ۞ଣ੅ 3ڼ߆

ፋЪ۞ซҖĂΞͽдВТវ̝มĂ˵ΞͽߏдВТវҋٺĞ઼ᅫ௡ᖐ4ğćҌ ĞJacob & Teune, 1964: 8-9ğĄొ̰۞̎ ፋЪĂߏ޽тң఍நăٕ̼ڼጯٙଣ੅۞߆ڼጯ྆ᐝĂͧྵ߆ڼд߆ ĂΒ߁୉ཏăล৺ăݱฏăٕߏຍᙊԛၗć઼҃ᅫڡྋ઼छ̰ొ۞ۤົ̶ አĞcoordinationğăአ׶םፋЪĂߏ઼छдଂְڼᙯܼᅳાٙᙯ͕۞߆ 5 Ğharmonizationğă̈́ЪүĞcooperationğ ̝γĂтңซ˘ՎඕЪјࠎߙ჌ ˧ፋЪߏтң೩੼጖ჸڼĞgenericğᓑЪវ6Ğunion7ğĄ׍វ҃֏Ă߆ ྋ኏ࡎăٕߏซ˘Վ౅࿅ะវҖજ̼˧ڠѩΞͽ̙ϡكĞcohesionğ੓ቅឰ פநಏҜĞgoverning organğֽࢎؠ߆ඉă̈́ଳڼనཉٺ྿ј̢ӀĂࠤҌֽ ВТ۞ҖજĞJacob & Teune, 1964: 4-6ğĈ

Political integration, defined roughly as a state of mind or disposition to be cohesive, to act together, to act together, to be committed to mutual programs, refers to more than one aspect or dimension of behavior (p. 10).

ВТវౌѣˬ࣎ࢬШĈڼგჍࠎፋЪវăᓑЪវăᔘߏඕЪវĂՏ࣎߆̙ Ğmonopolization of forceğăՙඉ͕̚ߏӎ׍ѣ̶੨ޘᇷ˧̍׍۞඀טѣड़ଠ ໚ᄃረካ۞Җ߆ਕ˧Ğallocation of resourcesğăͽ̈́ߏӎਕૉᒔ଀кᇴ̳ྤ ϔ۞ᄮТĞdominant identificationğĞEtzioni, 1965: 4-10ğĄТᇹгĂDullien ڱВТវѣˬ࣎ࢬШĂΒ߁གྷᑻፋЪăڼᄃ TerreblancaĞ2012: 3-7ğᄮࠎ߆ ม͹ཌྷĞintergovernmentalismğăͽعఢ෗ณᝋăͽ̈́ϒ༊ֽّ໚Ă˵ಶߏ߆

Ğworld governmentğă͵ࠧВТវĞworld communityğĄعEtzioniĞ2001: viiğϡфߏ͵ࠧ߆ 4 /ะဥĞEastern͞ڌለВய઼छ۞ڌᛊтТ༖Ɵᓑ༖Ğalliance/leagueğăٕҽጼॡഇ 5 পঅᙯܼĞspecial relationshipğĂߏϡֽೡᆷ઼࡚ᄃࡻ઼̝ม߆ٺCommunist BlocğĄҌ ăγϹă̼͛ăགྷᑻă࢕ְă̈́።ΫᙯܼĞWikipedia, 2020: Special Relationship; Steveڼ Baylis, 2006; Reynolds, 1986ğć˵ϡд઼࡚ᄃΐो̂ĞMuirhead, 2009ğăٕͽҒЕ & ĞBar-Siman-Tov, 1998ğ̝ม۞ᙯܼĄ ม۞ኘҿĂ҃߆̝عፋЪĞpolitical integrationğૻአ۞ߏ߆ڼSomekĞ2013: 566ğᄮࠎĂ߆ 6 ࣎Հΐ̚δ̼۞ᓑЪវĄ˘זᓑЪĞpolitical unionğ݋̏གྷ૟ј઼ࣶ࠹༊к۞ᝋ˧ᖼொڼ Ĉࡻ઼ĞUnited KingdomğߏĶᓑЪͳ઼ķă઼࡚ĞUnited StatesğߏĶЪڱUnion ۞ϡ 7 ٛұᓑЪ઼̳̂ĞUnited Arab EmiratesğߏĶᓑЪ઼̳̂ķćĶᓑЪ઼ķĞUnitedܠி઼ķă Nationsğă̈́Ķለ༖ķĞEuropean Unionğߏ઼ᅫ௡ᖐćఈᜋ݈֗নপઙ͚Т༖ĞUnion of Utrechtğߏ֨኎ᓑ༖Ą ăௐ 3 ഇĞ2020/ࡌ؞ཱིğס Įέ៉઼ᅫࡁտ؞Ώįௐ 16 4

ᓑ֣͹ཌྷĞfederalismğ׌჌ሀݭ۞ԭፄĄ֤ᆃĂͽඕЪĞٕߏஎ̼ğ۞̈́ ࠻ĂፋЪăᓑЪăͽ̈́௚˘ߏ࣎ాᜈវĞSomek, 2013: 568ğ8Ąಶፋֽޘ඀ Ъٙᒔ࡭۞࣎វ҃֏ĂԧࣇЪј Jacob ᄃ TeuneĞ1964ğăͽ ̈́ EtzioniĞ1965ğĂ छĞᓑ֣ă઼זΞͽϤ઼ᅫ௡ᖐĞкΑਕ۞ğă֣ᓑĞٕߏߙ჌ᓑЪវğă ğĄטಏ˘វٕ ѣኑЪ઼Ğcomposite stateğăٕၹј઼Ğconstituent stateğ۞̶ڱᅫ઼ ĂΒӣ֣ᓑăᓑ֣ă֗Ъ઼Ğpersonal unionğă̈́߆Ъ઼Ğreal unionğඈڱ α჌ᓑЪវĂ֣ᓑ̈́֗Ъ઼̙జ༊ү઼छĈ።Ϋ˯ͧྵѣЩ۞֗Ъ઼т̜ گă̈́༄׏Ъ௡۞ΙႬ੺ᓑ༖ĞKalmar Union, 1397-1523ğăͽ̈́ރ౪ăॗ ᓑЪͳ઼ĞPolish-Lithuanian Union, 1385-1569ğĂ߆Ъ઼т༄׏׶ؤᜋϲ౜ ॗރᓑЪͳ઼ĞUnited Kingdoms of and , 1814-1905ğă̈́๸ Лޓ઼ĞAustro-Hungarian , 1867-1918ğĞOppenheim, 1948: 162-64; von Glahn, 1981: 63-64; Frost, 2015; Backerra, 2019ğĄWikipediaĞ2020: Political UnionğॲፂፋЪ۞͞ёߏӎҋᙸă̈́ፋЪ۞ԛё9Ăᄦүј 2Ű3 Ϲ˽ܑĞcross-tabulationğĞܑ 1ğĈ۞ ፋЪĂڼJacob ᄃ TeuneĞ1964: 11-45ğᚺЕ˞ 10 ჌፾ϲតᇴֽྋᛖ߆ ѩăВТΑਕّӀৈăপҒٕكăТኳّăϹ߹̢જăᒢྋܕΒ߁гநዐ ड़ਕăͽ̈́࿅ΝፋЪ۞གྷរĄEtzioniعજ፟ăՙඉ۞ᝋ˧ᙯܼă͹ᝋгҜă߆ ېߛၹĂΒ߁ፋЪ݈۞هࠎ˘࣎ໄژፋЪྋڼĞ1965: Chaps. 2-3ğՀ૟߆ ၗĞ̰ొăγొă̈́វրЯ৵ğăፋЪ࿅඀ĞፋЪૻᝋă̈́జፋЪ۰۞পҒ ၗĞtermination stateğĂ˵ಶߏϤؕ΍ăγ໕ې10ğă̈́ፋЪ۞௣ͤڱᄃү ௣ԊĂ࠹༊Ԇፋ۞Ăԧࣇ̂࡭˯Ξͽ૟ᇆᜩፋЪ۞តᇴ̂זĞspilloverğă ࡭ᕩৼࠎ࣎វዐܕ̈́࠹ҬޘăВТᇲˠă໛఼ăγొခᐽăᝋ˧ᙯܼă̈́ යࡻ۞જ፟Ą

ᓑЪវϏυ΃ܑဥඕڼ௚˘Ğunification, reunificationğĂ߆ٺፋЪϏυಶߏඈڼЯѩĂ߆˵ 8 ௚˘ķĄڼĞunityğĄWikipediaĞ2020ğѣ ୧ϫĂჯૄѺࡊĞ2019ğݒֹϡĶ߆ ڇفĞmerger, amalgamationğăٕӛৼĞabsorptionğĂͽ̈́གྷ࿅׀۰ߏ޽ّ̚۞Ъ݈ 9 ۰݋޽ߏӎϒёৼˢĞincorporatedğࠎᓑ֣ăޢӌĞannexationğć׀Ğconquestğֽ҃۞ ಏ˘઼छĄٺࠤҌ ğĞEtzioni, 1965: 37ğĄ˧ڠᛊтજ̝ͽଐĞᄮТğăᄲ̝ͽநĞӀৈğă̈́ະ੧̙ЫЫჳ੧Ğ 10 ፋЪ۞ଣ੅ 5ڼ߆

1ĈፋЪ۞͞ё̈́ԛё ܑ

ৼ!ˢ! !טᓑ! ᓑ!֣! ಏ˘វ!֣ !׀ Ⴌ೻ރڇفˢܻᘲ೻ ࡻॾᜋ׀ӌ! ҅͟તТ༖ ҹ֧Ѽֲ

Ъ! ܝለ ༖ ΐो̂ă፫߷ă઼࡚ ݑΔཧ !׀

,ຐࢋᒢྋፋЪ۞Ξ୬ّĞwhyڍ۰லౣߏፋЪ࿅඀۞ྋᛖĞhowğĂт݈ ซ׶πĞщБፋЪğĂᔘυืซ˘Վଂநኢăٕߏܳ۞ھ۩˞for whatğĂੵ ᖎࡗĞminimalistğᄮࠎፋЪߏЧܧม͹ཌྷ൑عࣰጯᆸࢬ̷ֽˢĄ็௚۞߆ ੅ᆊᔘᆊ۞ಞાĂΑਕ͹ཌྷĞfunctionalismğ͹ૺυืࡎ৔݈۰֍٢ع߆઼ አăͽ̈́ੑ߆ם٢۞ӧဩăԓ୕ਕՀ᎕ໂྋՙтྋՙયᗟĂপҾߏགྷᑻٵ Ҍ͌೩̿ࠎᓑ઼֣छăܧӧĞbailoutğĂ҃ᓑ֣͹ཌྷĞfederalismğ݋ᄮࠎੵ῁ ਕৌϒ఍நтң૟γొ࢑ࢬड़ᑕ̰ొ̼Ğinternalize externalitiesğ۞ኝ̖ ྋՙ͹ᝋᖼொăڱፋЪ༊үགྷᑻፋЪ۞߱͘Ă൑ڼᗟć൒҃Ăˬ۰ౌԯ߆ ϔ͹ϒ༊ّă̈́ᄮТ۞γొّĞ߉ϒዡĂ2001ć41-47; Somek, 2013; Dullien & Torreblanca, 2012; Wohlgemuth, 2017ğĄ

貳、邦聯及國協11

ᓑĞconfederation, confederacy, confederated stateğߏ઼ᄃ઼̝ม۞ᗫ֣ ᓑٺ೸ඕЪĂ఼૱ߏࠎ˞পؠϫ۞҃Вᓷ஽ᓝĂᛊтགྷᑻăٕ֨኎ć࠹ྵ 12Ğfederation, federal stateğߏ઼छ۞˘჌ԛёĂ֣ᓑ̙֭ߏ˘઼࣎छă֣

11 Įϔಡį2018/01/15Ą ᓑ۞͛ᚥĂ࠹၆˯ͧྵ͌Ă֍ ElazrĞ1998ağăCuyversĞ2013ğăSongĞ2000ğĄ֣ٺѣᙯ 12 ᓑ֣۞͛ᚥĂ֍ BurgessĞ2006ğăBurgess ᄃ GagnonĞ1993ğăBurgess ᄃ TarrĞ2012ğăٺҌ LawĞ2013ğăSmithĞ1995ğăWattsĞ2008ğăZiblattĞ2004ğăBoogman ᄃ van der Plaat Ğ1980ğăRikerĞ1987ğĄ ăௐ 3 ഇĞ2020/ࡌ؞ཱིğס Įέ៉઼ᅫࡁտ؞Ώįௐ 16 6

ם઼ٺă՟ѣཌྷચĂјࣶᐌॡΞͽ౷य҃ΝĄҌع՟ѣ̚δ߆˫ ߏЯࠎ̼͛ຏଐăٕߏ።ΫــĞcommonwealthğ݋ͧྵညߏ઼ᅫ௡ᖐĂ Я৵҃ඕЪĂՀ՟ѣࡗՁ˧ĄĞ֍ဦ 1ğ

ඕЪវ۞Ѝᙉڼဦ 1Ĉ߆

ಶ።Ϋֽ࠻Ă֣ᓑߏ઼छ̝ม࿅ഭॡഇ۞ྏ૓Ăᗕ͞ࢋߏЪຍಶΞͽ ซ˘ՎඕЪࠎᓑ֣Ąᛊт઼࡚൴னĺ֣ᓑ୧ഠĻĞArticles of Confederationğ щଵĞ1781-89ğ՟ѣड़தĂ̖எ̼ࠎᓑ֣ĞKay, 1984ğĄ༄̀ 1848 ѐ۞˭ ኎ّ֣ᓑ13ĞFleiner, 2009ğĄ˫т֨פॡมଳ۞ܜޝдᖼ̼ࠎᓑ֣̝݈Ăѣ ˘Ğ1871-1918ğ௚઼ޓ˟ѐྋវă̈́ௐ 1806 ٺ઼ޓતˠдৠཐᘲ੺҅͟ ѣ҅͟ત֣ᓑĞGerman Confederation, 1815-66ğă̈́Δ҅͟ત֣ᓑޢĂА݈ ĞNorth , 1867-71ğĞHudson, 1891; Wikipedia, 2020: Unification of GermanyğĄ ٛܠھٛұˠ઼छдܠĂ၁ᅫ˯ඕЪ۞֣ᓑ̙кĂͧྵপҾ۞ߏޢጼ ,ٛұᓑ֣ĞArab Federationܠဘྏ࿅ޢұ͹ཌྷĞPan-ArabismğཱིΡ˭Ă݈ ٛұВ׶઼ĞUnited Arab , 1958-61Ăܠ1958ĂϿٛҹᄃࡗόğăᓑЪ ٛұܠٛұ઼ĞUnited Arab States, 1958-61ĂᓑЪܠऄ̈́ᄃୃӀֲğăᓑЪ ,ٛұВ׶઼ᓑ֣ĞFederation of Arab RepublicsܠğăܝВ׶઼ᄃΔཧ

,Β߁ᖞ༄֣̀ᓑĞOld Swiss Confederacy, 1291-1798ğă̈́༄֣̀ᓑĞSwiss Confederation 13 ૶Ąܢ۞઼ڱ1803-48ğĂ̚ม۞ᄿႬჯའВ׶઼ĞHelvetic Republic, 1798-1803ğ݋ߏ ፋЪ۞ଣ੅ 7ڼ߆

,1972-77ĂӀֲͧăऄ̈́ᄃୃӀֲğĂ၁ኳ˯ౌߏ֣ᓑĞReiser, 1983; Awan ᛳğᄃϟֲͧĞࡻᛳğ˵ൺᇶඕڱEtzioni, 1965ğĄΩγĂ๫̰ΐႬĞ ;2017 ,Ъј๫̰ϟֲ֣ͧᓑĞSenegambia Confederation, 1982-89 ğĞ Senghor 2008ğĄܻᘲ೻ᄃϨܻд 1996 ѐᘪࡗඕЪࠎܻϨВТវĞCommonwealth of and RussiağăѨѐᘪࡗࠎܻϨᓑ༖ĞUnion State of and BelarusğĂ౤кΪਕზߏ֣ᓑĞRontoyanni, 2000; Martinsen, 2002ğĄ ᄃ੺ֽҘ̶ֲ؂߱͘Ăᛊтາΐޢజोֽ༊ᘻᕝකా۞౵ــ˵ᓑ֣ ྽Ăק͘ăݑ೻͈ٛᓑ֣૪ሹăٕߏᛂᓑྋវ̝݈ĂѣᕇѪ੺༊߿੺ᗁ۞ ঔโঔᓑ༖ĞBaltic-Black Seaگ༊ѐ࣍ᛉЪ௡ؤಶߏݬѪଲ͙Ą˫тϲ౜˵ ঔˬ઼ăনҹᜋă̈́Ϩܻᘲ೻ğĂϡຍ݋ߏд֨ቑܻᘲ೻گUnion, BBSUĂ ĞKortunov, 1993; Volovych, 2006a, 2006bğĄд੼ΐ৶гડâۡѣЪ௡੼ΐ ৶֣ᓑ̝ᛉĞHille, 2010ğĄ̙࿅Ă༄̀۞઼Щߏ֣ᓑĞSwiss ConfederationğĂ ׎၁ߏᓑ઼֣छćТᇹгĂΐो̂۞ϲ઼ᔵ൒Ⴭࠎ֣ᓑ̼ĞCanadian ߏᓑ֣Ą˯טConfederationğĂ׎၁дវ ѐֽĂ઼ᅫۤົࢬ၆к̮୉ཏƟк̮ϔ୉઼छ۞ᛪ᝸Ăᚍ׶̙ᚍᗓĂܕ ѣ˘ֱ࠹ᙯ֣ᓑ۞੅ኢĂᛊтϿٛҹăୃӀֲă؉̈́Ӏֲăᔈ঒ྮ೻ă˵ ᄃࡗόă؃14ă͐ઙ೻؃ăͽҒЕᄃ͐ઙ೻ֲڼοݣਬᄃಕܠᛂ̜ᄃݑᛂ̜ă ॹκֲăᎊщ྿ă؃ăন̒྿ăֲۺᛂॾᜋᄃࡻ઼ĄͧྵপҾ۞ߏϤٺࠤҌ ВТវĞEast African Community, EACğĂܧڌᄍษгăͽ̈́ݑᛂ̜ٙ௡ј۞ ;ᓑ֣Ăࣃ଀៍၅Ğဦ 2ğĞEconomist, 2019ٺᓑăࠤҌ֣ڼѐથᛉஎ̼ࠎ߆ܕ Kiptoo, 2014; Møller, 2010; Shivji, 2010; Vidmar, 2015ğĄ ፾পҋј˘ᙷ۞Ğsui generisğለ༖Ăᔵ൒ԛё˯ߏ઼ᅫ௡ᖐĂٕٺҌ ᅫ௡ᖐᄃ઼छ̝มĂ၁ኳ˯ߏ֣ᓑăࠤҌຳᖟᓑ֣͹ཌྷ઼ٺᄲֶ࿁ ለВய઼छϔ͹̼҃јࣶᕖૺĂ˵ಶڌѐੵ˞ЯࠎܕĞcryptofederalismğć ߏٙᏜ۞ᇃ̼ĞwideningğĂј઼ࣶ˵ЯࠎΑਕፋЪ҃ѣԊొ͹ᝋឰഭăٕ ߏВֳĂ˵ಶߏٙᏜ۞̼֗ĞdeepeningğĂΞͽෛࠎĶᓑ֣ё۞֣ᓑķĞfederal confederationğĞKelemen, et al., 2015; Somek, 2013: 561; Majone, 2009;

14 ֍ AvishaiĞ2018ğăElazarĞ1998bğăGodwinĞ2019ğăScheindlin ᄃ WaxmanĞ2016ğĄ ăௐ 3 ഇĞ2020/ࡌ؞ཱིğס Įέ៉઼ᅫࡁտ؞Ώįௐ 16 8

໚ĈEconomistĞ2019ğĄֽ

ВТវ۞઼छᅳጱ۰ܧڌဦ 2Ĉ

ྋវĂߏٺࡻ઼௲ለĞBrexitğјΑĂᔵ൒̙ҌٺElazar, 1998cğĄ̙࿅ĂϤ ;ፋЪĂϏυߏ֤ᆃሄ៍ĞScuira, 2017; Schimmelfennig, 2018ڼӎਕซ˘Վ߆ Leruth, et al., 2019ğĄ κֲᄃᄿ̀گκֲĞBosniaĂБЩߏ̀گјϲ۞ޢΩγĂݑ೻͈ٛྋវ ๫࣯ჯৼ Bosnia and Herzegovina/Bosnia-Herzegovina, BiH/ B&HĂ˫ᖎჍࠎ κֲᄃᄿ๫࣯ჯৼᓑ֣ĞFederation of Bosnia and̀گᄿğĂߏϤگ ᄿᓑ֣ğă̈́๫୉В׶઼ĞRepublikaگHerzegovina 15 , FBiH/FBHĂᖎჍ វٙ௡ј16ĞဦڼSrpska/Serb Republic, RSĂٕߏ๫ႬჯֲВ׶઼ğ఺׌࣎߆ ᝋ˧̙кĂЯѩ၁ᅫ˯ߏĶ֣۞عδ߆̚ٺ3ğĄܑࢬ˯Ă఺ߏ˘઼࣎छĂϤ ᓑё۞ᓑ֣17ķĞconfederative federationğĄ ؼҩࠎВ׶઼Ăϫ݈Ăֽޢ׎၁Ăcommonwealth ۞ࣧຍߏВТ჊ࡅĂ Ă።Ϋ˯݋ѣДफҋϤڱ፫߷ă͐ݣ੺ă̈́кѼκҹ۞઼Щᔘܲ঻఺჌ϡ

Ⴭ Bosniak-Croat Federationăٕߏ Muslim-Croat FederationĄ˫ 15 κֲ۞઼छχౄĞstate-buildingğĂ֍ European Commission for Democracỳگٺѣᙯ 16 through LawĞ2005ğăKeilĞ2013ğăMorrisonĞ1996ğă̈́ PerryĞ2015ğĄ ॲፂনপઙ͚Т༖ĞUnion of Utrechtğֽ҃۞ఈᜋ݈֗κᇇᜋ˛࠷ᓑЪВ׶઼ĞRepublic of 17 the Seven United , 1581-1795ğĂ˵ߏ֣ᓑё۞ᓑ֣ĞBoogman, 1979: 396, 399ğĄ ፋЪ۞ଣ੅ 9ڼ߆

໚ĈOffice of the High Representative in Bosnia and HerzegovinaĞ2003ğĄֽ κֲᄃᄿ๫࣯ჯৼᓑ֣Ăထࠎ 10 ֣࣎Ą̀گٺć׎΁ᛳטĈࡓҒߏ๫୉В׶઼Ăߏಏ˘វځᄲ

κֲ̀گဦ 3Ĉ

ͳ઼ĞPolish-Lithuanianؤᜋϲ౜گĞIcelandic Commonwealth, 930-1262ğă֣ ,Commonwealth, 1569-1795ğăͽ̈́ࡻРӀВ׶઼ĞCommonwealth of 1649-60ğĞSolvason, 1993; Rodrigues, 2010; Hisrt, 1994ğĄ઼ᅫ˯ϫ݈۞઼ ĞCommonwealth of Nationsğߏ Ϥ 52 ݈࣎ࡻ઼۞ᛳгăםѣ׌࣎Ĉ̂ࡻ઼ם ྻםതϔгٙ௡јĂ࿅Νѣᙯඁഴឰ۞р఍Ăனдੵ˞Տαѐ˘Ѩ۞઼ٕ ᛉّ۞ኝᗟĂϏυ̂छౌ኱ࡻ઼̃ͳۋѣྵͧٺજົăٕߏ̼͛Ϲ߹Ă၆ ĞCommonwealth of Independent States, CISğ݋ߏᛂᓑྋវם૳ć፾ϲ઼۞ ঔˬ઼̙ᙸຍΐˢĂ҃নҹᜋگડ۞ّኳĂ̙࿅Ăٽٙ௡јĂѣҋϤ෶ޢ ᄃۋՀЯࠎд 2008 ѐࠎ˞ᅳ˿ֲ৾ڼᘃĂಕٺЯࠎεΝҹ֧Ѽֲ҃ਊਊ˵ кጌЧĞCommonwealth ofگ઼࡚ᛳгٺᘲ೻ฟጼᇙ҃ੜ΍Ğဦ 4ğĄҌܻ Puerto Ricoğăͽ̈́Δ੺ӀщৼཏफĞCommonwealth of the Northern Mariana ĞDuany, 2017; Farrell, 2013ğĄםIslandsğĂϒёЩჍ˵ߏ઼ ăௐ 3 ഇĞ2020/ࡌ؞ཱིğס Įέ៉઼ᅫࡁտ؞Ώįௐ 16 10

໚ĈԼᘱҋ WikipediaĞ2020: Commonwealth of Independent StatesğĄֽ Ĉ౵८͕۞ߏϤܻᘲ೻ᄃϨܻᘲ೻௡ј۞ܻϨᓑ༖ĞUnion State of Russia and BelarusğĂځᄲ ,ΐ˯ݣᖠҹăРႬР೻ăֲ࡚̈́κֲјࠎለֲགྷᑻᓑ༖ĞEurasian EAEUğĂΐ˯๰РҹјࠎะវщБ୧ࡗ௡ᖐĞCollective Security Treaty Organization, Ăΐ˯ᇝႬкϞă̈́নםCSTOğĂΐ˯ᇝႬкϞăֲ๫޵൒ă̈́নਬҾҹಶߏ፾ϲ઼ ,ડĞCommonwealth of Independent States Free Trade AreaٽҋϤ෶םҹᜋ݋ߏ፾ϲ઼ ะဥĞGUAMؒܠ݋ҋҖᄃনҹᜋăֲ๫޵൒ă̈́ᇝႬкϞ௡јΟֲڼCISFTAğĄಕ Organization for and Economic DevelopmentğĄຑՒκֲăٛ௲ჯֲă̈́ϲ Ⴌϑᄿăݑ๸๫೩ܠοݣਬăܠᘲ۞ঔົᛉĞBaltic Assembly, BAğĄ̶ᗓ۞گѣؤ౜ Ъ௡઼छϔ͹ᄃᝋӀВТវĞCommunity for Democracy and Rightsثڻګă̈́ᖛ೻পֲ of NationsğĄ˿ऱત݋ჯ޺̚ϲĄ

Ч઼۞ᙯܼޢဦ 4Ĉᛂᓑྋវ

ፋЪ۞ଣ੅ 11ڼ߆

參、魁北克的多民族聯邦觀點18

ጯ۰ֽᄲĂΐो̝̂ٙͽᄵˠĂੵ˞ྫྷέ៉˘ᇹѣα̂୉ཏڼ߆ٺ၆ ăࣧҝϔ୉ăາொϔğĂͽٙᏜ̙၆Ⴭᓑ֣ĞasymmetricཱྀڱĞࡻཱྀă federalismğ۞͞ёֽщଵ׌࣎ฟ઼୉ཏ̝ม۞ᙯܼĞ˵ಶߏ࠷۞ࠧቢͅߍ δะᝋ̼Ăྫྷ̚۞טಏ˘Ğunitaryğវٺ΍гાᄃ୉ཏࠧቢ۞ჸЪğĂѣҾ Ă̟ˠ൑ࢨ۞ຐည۩มĄΩγĂޘለ߷۞༄̀˘ᇹâۡߏ઼ˠཎᇍ۞઼ ࡗ۞έ៉טТ̼͹ཌྷצШ࿸˘ٺྍ઼кѐֽซ˘Վଯજк̮̼͛͹ཌྷĂ၆ ፶Ąځˠ҃֏Ă˵ߏΩᙷ۞˘༕ Ăࠎң঻ጯ઼࡚۞ԧĂࠎңົ၆ΐो̂ଐѣ፾ᔨăځ఺˵ߏࢋྫྷ̂छᄲ ੠Ր፾ϲٺĄ၆ܜፉЇ࿅நְٺ൴੓జෛࠎጯఙᗗ҈۞ΐो̂ࡁտăࠤҌ έ៉ˠֽᄲĂΐो̂۞ᅾΔҹགྷរՀߏ΁̝̋ϮĂ׌Ѩ፾ϲ̳Ըម۞઼ޙ هᑾᐦ঎ăΑୀݬјĂឰˠଌଓ̙̏Ąд 1980 ѐ۞ௐ˘Ѩ̳ԸĂඊ۰ϒр д René Lévesque д 1987 ѐࡻѐѝీĂܜᑖćᅳጱ̳Ը۞࠷ܧጯĂҬᑖ̂ ѐ۞̳Ըͽໂ̈۞म෼Ϗਕ࿅ 1995 ˞זԧᔘߏ౾̀঱ࡁտϠĂଌଓ̙̏ć ᙯĂ̏གྷጯја઼Їି̂ጯĂឰˠមᛇĂυื಴ࢦဩ̰۞ࣧҝϔ୉ăͽ̈́ ତৼາொϔĄ ăޘטᜋąϟෝĞAlain-G. Gagnonğି଱۞̂ЩĂপҾߏᓑ֣ܠЈ˳ ࡊ३Ă३ߛ˯ᔘѣ΁በᚷ۞ᓑ֣ିڼ២ࡁćੵ˞ΐो̂߆۞ڼͽ̈́୉ཏ߆ ࡁտĞBurgess & Gagnon, 1993ğăͽ̈́Ъᆷ۞ᅾΔҹĶှᐖࢭ׻ķྵͧ ൒ڟĞGagnon & Montcalm, 1990ğĄЯѩĂ༊Ꮀᛀ߸ᓁᔛኛԧ३ᆷଯ̬͛Ă Ϡି଱Ăдώ֗ѓ॔ڒϟෝି଱۞Тְăֽҋέ៉۞ٺඍᑕĄ༊൒Ă˵၆ ᄃຏ͕Ă͍׎ߏ΁঻ጯለڇ༨۞ିጯࡁտγĂᙸຍ෱͕ଂְ႔ᛌĂ࠹༊ׂ ăሢଉΐो̂ྫྷᅾΔҹă˫ᒢྋ΍֗۞έ៉Ă࠹଀ৈၓĄ઼ڱౙ ֽࣧߏͽ̶ᝋ۞ࣧ݋ֽटৼ׌࢛࣎൒טώ३۞ϲኢߏ఺ᇹ۞Ĉᓑ֣វ

ᜋąϟෝĞAlain-G. Gagnonğᄃٛ೺ႬąฮΞჯᏚĞRaffaele IacovinoğܠٺIJଯᖧԔij 18 :Įᓑ֣͹ཌྷă̳ϔᝋᄃᅾΔҹኢк̮ϔ୉͹ཌྷįĞFederalism, Citizenship and Quebec Ğ2014ğĄۤۍϠᛌğĄέΔĈᎰᛀ΍॔ڒDebating MultinationalismğĞ ăௐ 3 ഇĞ2020/ࡌ؞ཱིğס Įέ៉઼ᅫࡁտ؞Ώįௐ 16 12

,аᕩώ˿19 Ğ patriationڱݒ઄ࣄ඾ጳعТ۞ۤົĂ൒҃Ăᓑ֣߆̙ ᛉĂࣤဳᅾΔҹ۞ҋ͹ّćΩםrepatriationğ۞ЩཌྷĂ෺፟ᇧ໑༊ѐᗕ͞۞ γĂല͉ර˫౅࿅к̮̼͛͹ཌྷ՞୶ᅾΔҹүࠎ፾পۤົ۞ૄᖂĂឭࢴ ౅࿅჊Ӏନعχᑝߏᓑ֣߆۞ޢ̼͛͹ཌྷӅ˧ć౵ྭ۞عӌĂ৔ᗼ༊г߆ ߉۞ೠଠĂͽ̳ϔᝋ྾Җ̚δะᝋĂᓑ֣͹ཌྷ۞ჟৠᎿ൒൑хĂౄјᅾΔ ҹ۞εར̈́ᄻЪৠᗓĄ υืٚᄮᅾع׌Ҝү۰ฟ΍ֽ۞ᘽ͞ё఺ᇹ۞ĈϤࡻཱྀೠଠ۞ᓑ֣߆ ಏ৷۞͌ᇴ୉ཏĞethnicܧΔҹˠߏ׍ѣ͹ᝋ۞ϔ୉Ğsovereign peopleğă҃ minorityğăՀ̙ߏӀৈဥវĂЯѩጾѣҋՙ۞ᝋ˧ć఺ߏΐो̂ᓑ֣΍ன ಶߊх۞ְ၁Ă̙टкᇴ۰٠໶Ąְ၁˯ĂᅾΔҹિ޺ĶᗕࢦкᇴķĞtwo݈̝ Ă˵ಶߏᄲĂጐგࡻཱྀˠ˾дБ઼˯׍ѣᐹ๕Ă̙࿅Ăهmajoritiesğ۞ໄ ߏᅾΔҹ۞кᇴ୉ཱྀڱΐो̂д၁ኳ˯хд඾׌࣎кᇴ୉ཏĂ˵ಶߏᄲĂ ཏĂ̙ࢋෛ̙҃֍Ą д఺ᇹ۞ૄώᄮᙊ˭Ăү۰೩΍Ķк̮ϔ୉͹ཌྷķĞmultinationalismğ ăͽ̳̈́ϔᝋĂӎ݋Ă̙ΪޘטĂ͹ૺͽкϔ୉۞݈೩ֽᑞထᓑ֣هந۞ ߏᓑ֣͹ཌྷ۞ჟৠ৔ᗼ߰ႽĂాүࠎΐो̰̂ొϔ୉Ğinternal nationğ۞ ၹޙᅾΔҹϔ୉˵జҋϤ͹ཌྷ෍൑̼˞Ą׍វ҃֏Ăΐो̂۞઼छ ၹĞnation-buildingğĂ̙ࢋ੼ᓝ݈۰ޙĞstate-buildingğ࿅඀υืࣘᜪϔ୉ ၮֽຳᖟಏ˘ϔ୉઼छ۞ᛉ඀ćೱήྖᄲĂΐो̂ᑕྍߏ˘࣎Ϥк̮̂۞ छĄ઼טϔ୉ٙ௡ј۞ᓑ֣វ ࠻Ğဦ 5ğĂΐो̂ᓑֽ֣هநڼԧࣇͽ༊݈۞ೀ࣎ࢦࢋ۞ϔ͹߆ڍт ဘྏ࿅к̮̼͛͹ཌྷĞmulticulturalismğăͽ̈́В׶͹ཌྷޢАع߆ ĞrepublicanismğĂ̙࿅Ăᔘߏ̙௲ҋϤ͹ཌྷĞliberalismğ۞ώኳĂ˵ಶߏ ͽ࣎ˠᝋӀ۞ܲᅪֽซҖϔ୉ፋЪĞnational integrationğĂ၁ᅫ˯ಶߏ୮̙ ᐗඬ඾͘Ϥಏ˘୉ཏ͚੨۞ಏ˘ϔ୉઼छĄү۰ࡴ˾૔͕ĂᄮࠎࢋᔖҺᅾ ϔ୉ᄮТă͹ᝋăͽ̈́ҋՙᝋĂͽ၈າ۞۞ཱྀڱΔҹ౷य҃ΝĂಶߏٚᄮ ĄϤѩ࠻ֽĂү۰۞੒ᚥߏඕЪϔ୉͹ཌྷăͽ̈́к̮טሀёֽ၁ኹᓑ֣វ

аᕩώ˿Ă֍ HodgeĞ1985ğă̈́ McWhinneyĞ1984ğĄڱΐो̂ጳٺѣᙯ 19 ፋЪ۞ଣ੅ 13ڼ߆

ϔ୉͹ཌྷ!

к̮̼͛͹ཌྷ!

ม۞ᙯా̝هநڼဦ 5Ĉೀ჌ϔ͹߆

,̼͛͹ཌྷâ͞ࢬᖳಱϔ୉͹ཌྷ۞ԛёĂΩ˘͞ࢬ݋෹෸ KymlickaĞ1989 ᄲ TullyĞ1995ğߏ఺࣎౉श۞߆ڍ1995ğඈˠٙ೬㋃۞к̮̼͛͹ཌྷĄт ൴ೳЍ̂ă࠹଀ৈၓĄ˯ޘטڼࣰጯАҖ۰Ăү۰݋ߏд߆ڼ έ៉۞ಞાĂ༊έ៉۞ݑफϔ୉ԓ୕ֶፂ઼ᅫሗ߹Ϥ̋гТࡪϒזа Щࠎࣧҝϔ୉ĞIndigenous Peoplesğâֱˠ๡̝ͽᆄĂᄮࠎࣹѣ˘઼࣎छ זΞͽѣ׌࣎ϔ୉ĂТॡ˵ፉ͕׍ѣϔ୉֗ЊĂ༱˘Ᏼፄ̶ᗓॡިᆃᏱĉ үࠎԯࣧҝϔ୉༊ү఺۞عϫ݈ࠎͤĂ఺ҬͼߏՈˠᇎ͇ĂЯࠎĂΪࢋ߆ ᓏćΞଓĂϫ݈۞઼ײ઼࣎छ̙Ξ̶۞ၹјЊ̄Ăಶ̙ົѣࣧҝϔ፾ϲ۞ Ăүڼિ޺჊Ӏതϔ͹ཌྷĂિ޺՟ѣ˿г۞ٙᏜĶ۩มЪ˘ķҋعϔᛨ߆ Ąޥ༊ѐՔ཰ໆฟ̋ᇬ൫۞͕ၗ֭൑˟࡭Ąΐो̂۞݈̝֘ᝥࣃ଀எྫྷڱ छˠѣ׎፾প۞ᄬ֏̼͛ăͽ̈́ࣧฏĂЯѩĂ˵඗၆ѣྤॾϤ୉ཏމ ̼͛ᄮТ۞ჯ޺Ăٺछයࡻ۞෦Րͤމϫ݈ࠎͤĂז೩̿ࠎϔ୉ć̙࿅Ă າொϔĂௐ˘΃ᙱ۞ֽ݈ޢᓏĄγ࠷୉ཏߏጼײѣгાّщଵ۞זϏ֍إ ᄮТĂੵ˞̼͛ᆸࢬăͽ̈́ะវ჊઼̚ٺ΍ϠгฏຓĂҌ઼̚۞ޟҺѣଃ ֽ݈ܕᄃ઼̚௚˘۞͹ૺᑕྍߏໂბ͌ᇴćົ̙ົᄃ୎˯ڼࡅ۞ग़኎Ă߆ ᙱਗ਼फ़Ąາொϔ۞ૄώˠᝋ඗إ੨ઊЪ߹Ă๗ј˘̰࣎ొ۞ϔ୉Ă઼̚۞ Ąү۰ޞ࢕ᑅဩĂᑕྍߏ̂छ۞ഇ̂ܧ၆ࢋΐͽܲᅪĂ൒҃Ăˢဩᐌܸ҃ ҂۞͞ШĄޥৌۢլ֍೩ֻԧࣇ۞ ăௐ 3 ഇĞ2020/ࡌ؞ཱིğס Įέ៉઼ᅫࡁտ؞Ώįௐ 16 14

肆、台灣是美國軍事政府的佔領地？20

Ă҃ߏШ઼࡚عଠӘ઼࡚߆ܧॲፂಫវ۞ಡጱĂ݈ᓁ௚ౘͪ޴А݈֭ ķĂܜந۞Ķ၁ኳϔ߆ࢵڼलኛᙸĂ͹ૺҋ̎ߏ઼࡚؎੉дέ៉ڱ࢕ְ˯෦ ၣዚ΁۞൑ܜ΃நˠķă֭฽΄னЇࢵعЯѩĂࢋՐ઼࡚ٚᄮ΁ߏĶ઼࡚߆ ഇवЖҿՙĄ ăٕߏ઼ޙέ៉݈౉ؠҜ۞Ч჌ኢࢗ̚Ăੵ˞੠Ր፾ϲٺ።ѐֽĂ၆ ѐֽĂң༄ܕᄃ઼̚௚˘Ă˵ѣˠ͹ૺ૟έ៉តј઼࡚۞ௐ̣Ȉ˘࣎эĄ ڱĂ֭ᒔ଀݈Φڱҫᅳķ۞࠻ع೩΍Ķέ៉̪ᔴᛳ઼࡚࢕ְ߆چԠڒă̮ ݱЅሀ۞ࡦ३Ă̂ໄ̙௲˯ࢗ֍ྋ۞ቑᘞĂ˵ಶߏАቁϲ੉გгܜઘੰੰ ࿅Νέ៉Тฏྼᄲ઼઼࡚ົᛉࣶ۞ٺ଀э۞гҜĄѣҾפĂГҨ̶፟֗۞ ౉शĂ̂छؑн᝘̝Ă̙ᙸຍ̂ΐፀЂĄڱΦפĂ΁ࣇଳڱү ăٕڇف଀͹ᝋ۞͞ёĂ̙γͼ౅࿅פѣ͹̝гٺ൒Ăಶ઼ᅫ˯၆ྕ ଀έפߏᖼொĞΒ߁ᔉ෴ğćЯѩĂ઼࡚д˟Ѩ̂ጼχୀ͟ώĂ༊൒ߏѣᝋ Ăጐგ઼࡚ѣਕ˧ତგĂݒ˘ۡ՟ޢୢ၆έ៉۞ٙѣ̝ٸĄ൒҃Ăд͟ώ៉ ѣ࢕ְҫᅳ۞ְ၁ĂՀ̙ϡᄲѣຍᙸጾѣĄ௣տĂజ༖࢕؎੉ତќ۞઼ϔᛨ ၁ኳҫᅳĂർԯέ៉༊ү׽ѣᅳ˿ќаĂјࠎ̚රϔ઼۞˘࣎࠷ЊĄع߆ ઼࡚ϫ݈ੵ˞னѣ۞̣ȈэͽγĂᔘѣ˘ֱঔγᅳг21 Ğ oversee ۋкጌЧăᙯफĞ࡚ҘጼگཏफĞᔉҋ̜౪ğăִރpossessionğĂΒ߁࡚ᛳ ᅳğăͽ̈́Δ੺ֲ֧ৼཏफĞࣧڼҋܧጼӀݡğă࡚ᛳᖠᇝֲĞࣧࠎᓑЪ઼۞ ̶ొ˘ࠎᓑЪ઼੉გгğĂౌ̏གྷৼˢĞincorporatedğ҃јࠎώ˿̙Ξ̶۞ Ğintegral part of the properğĄੵ˞࡚ᛳᖠᇝֲĂ׎΁ᅳгౌ̏གྷ౅࿅઼ົ щଵ҃֏ĂڼĞorganizedğĂҝϔౌֳѣ઼࡚̳ϔᝋĄಶ߆טޙ҃ڱڱϲૄώ ᝋĂڼᙯܼĂѣ࠹༊۞ҋ۞םкጌЧăͽ̈́Δ੺ֲ֧ৼཏफᄃ઼࡚ѣ઼گ Ăέ៉ᑕྍߏ઼࡚۞ௐܫ׎΁ᅳг݋ზߏᛳгĂᝋࢨྵ͌Ąң༄̮ඈˠ࠹ ̱࣎ঔγᛳгĞဦ 6ğĄ

20 Įέ៉ॡಡį2009/10/12Ą ߏჍࠎफᑎгડĞinsular areağĄٕ 21 ፋЪ۞ଣ੅ 15ڼ߆

ဦ 6Ĉ઼࡚݈തϔгٕ੉გг۞щଵ

ٙତќ۞͉π߶फᑎ੉გгĂੵ˞˯ࢗΔ੺ֲ֧ৼཏफĂޢ઼࡚дጼ ল̏གྷ፾ϲăݒᄃ઼࡚ѣĶҋϤඕЪķĞfreeش੺௜Ⴌཏफă૜ҹᘲҘֲăͽ̈́ ΁ࣇࣧώΪߏٺassociationğᙯܼ۞Ăૄώ˯ಶߏ઼᜕ܲĞprotectorateğćϤ ତӌ˭ጾѣĄ࠹၆̝˭Ăέ៉дጼ݈ಶߏۡܮώ۞੉გгĂ઼࡚Я҃Ϗ͟ ׽ѣĞpermanentğᅳ˿ĂЯѩĂ̙ዋϡᓑЪ઼੉გĄڱϤ႕୻౷ឰֽ҃Ъ ޢ֏ᖼឰගኡĂ̖ѣ͟ځຍϏגୢέ៉͹ᝋĂݒٸ׶ࡗĻ̋ܛώдĺᖞ͟ Ķέ៉гҜϏؠኢķĄ۞ ϲĶέ៉В׶઼ķĂЯѩĂυืঐໝ̚රϔ઼Ąޙѝഇ۞έ፾ྻજ੠Ր ߏૻአέ៉ă୶઼̼̚Ă˵ಶߏͽώ˿ֽ̼෍൑̼̚ڱᓁ௚Ղ൳ዂ۞ү݈ ϔٺරϔ઼Ăซ҃ԯĶ̚රϔ઼дέ៉ķᄃ̚රˠϔВ׶઼၁ኳ̷౷ĄҌ छྤ໚Ă҃ͅૻ઼פ΃̝ăբ҃פĶ̚රϔ઼ߏέ៉ķĂΪߏຐ۞عซᛨ߆ රϔ઼۞ϒ༊ّĄ̼̚ ޽۞ົםனдĂౘͪ޴୮̙ᐗඬгٚᄮҋ̎дᓁ௚Ї̰Ķ؇઼࡚дέ ൒хдέ៉۞ְ၁Ă༊൒Ξͽநྋ׎Яࠎ̪ع઼࡚࢕ְ߆ځϯҖְķĂͽᙋ ঽใԸᗁĄ̙࿅Ă఺ᇹ۞ϲኢĂ൑Ⴗԯ઼࡚ෛࠎέާٺలᕮ९Іᜇ֗ͽҌ ࢕ְҫᅳ઼Ă҃΁ҋ̙̎ಀಶߏĶপࢵķĄ༊࿅ϔᏴᓁ௚ˣѐ۞ౘͪ޴Ă۞៉ ăௐ 3 ഇĞ2020/ࡌ؞ཱིğס Įέ៉઼ᅫࡁտ؞Ώįௐ 16 16

ౣ൒Ξͽтѩ˾̙ፄ֏ă༣̼έ៉۞͹ᝋĂ˵ᙱَ΁༊ѐົᆚᏝέ፾ྻજ ۰ߏҋഡഡˠĄ έ៉۞Ѻؖ̏གྷۡତᏴᓝᓁ௚ೀаĂ΃ܑ۞ຍཌྷߏࠤغזᑌԉ۞ߏĂ ઼࡚ᙸຍତৼĂտౣѣк͌ˠົТຍέ៉តڍᆃĉͧྵᚑඥ۞ኝᗟߏĂт ј઼࡚۞ঔγᅳ˿ĉ

伍、中國搖擺不定、及柿子撿軟吃的「統一主義22」23

઼̚дԩ͟ॡഇĂԯഈᔿˠă̈́έ៉ˠĞ჊ႬᇝՒˠğෛࠎĶజᑅ࢝ ͹ཌྷ۞၆෪Ą઼ޓர௚˘ጼቢķăВТͅ၆͟ώܬΐˢĶͅפۋϔ୉ķĂߏ ༊ѐаඍ઼࡚੃۰ Edgar SnowĞ1936ğ۞ణયĂڌϡ۞ߏͨ፨͔ھ౵ࠎᇃ ӄ׌םݱͽݑχზќೇ۞ε˿Ă҃ͷაྕᙸຍܜᄲഈᔿྫྷέ៉̙֭Βӣд гଲ௲͟ώതϔ͹ཌྷ۞ᜠᔤ፾ϲĈ

It is the immediate task of to regain all our lost territories, not merely to defend our below the Great Wall. This means that Manchuria must be regained. We do not, however, include Korea, formerly a Chinese , but when we have re-established the of the lost territories of China, and if the Koreans wish to break away from the chains of Japanese , we will extend them our enthusiastic help in their struggle for independence. The same thing applies to Formosa. As for Inner Mongolia, which is populated by both Chinese and Mongolians, we will struggle to drive Japan from there and help Inner Mongolia to establish an autonomous state.

൒҃Ăտౣߏέ៉ˠᄃ઼̚ˠߏӎ̶ᛳ̙Т۞ϔ୉ăͽ̈́έ៉ߏӎࠎ ჩĻ̂ڱ߇˿Ă̚В۞ϲಞອᕚ̙ؠĄॲፂĺ̚රᛂჯऄВ׶઼ጳ۞઼̚ Ğ1931ğĂ̚Вٚᄮ઼̚ဩ̰۞͌ᇴϔ୉ѣԆБ۞ϔ୉ҋՙᝋĂΞͽ௲ᗓ̚ јϲ፾ϲ۞઼छĂΒ߁ᄋΟăаăᖟăࡺăጌăͽ̈́੼ᚊˠඈĈᄋΟĞγ઼

ჍࠎĶೇ઼͹ཌྷķĞirredentismğĄٕ 22 23 Įϔಡį2016/4/19Ą ፋЪ۞ଣ੅ 17ڼ߆

ᄋΟğѣᛂᓑĞܻᘲ೻ğᇣཕ۞Ăд 1945 ѐ̳Ը፾ϲĂ̚රˠϔВ׶઼ј ΐͽٚᄮć࠹၆гĂߕ̄ፇహ۞ЫĂ؝ϲ൑೯۞າᘟă̈́Ҙᖟߏ̏གྷޢϲ ӌ˭և۞۲҇Ă੎ਕϟ͕Ф΍ĉ ٸĂ͟ώޢώᘪࢎĺ੺ᙯ୧ࡗĻ౷ឰέ៉Ăጼ͟ྫྷޢϥ̾ጼୀٺ઼̚ ୢέ៉͹ᝋĂέ៉ˠϏజᇈྙ݈౉ᕩᛳຍᙸĂూҋ૟έ៉ϹϤቼ̬Ϯ߆ᝋ Ӗᓜέ៉Ă̚රϔ઼ᄃ̚රˠϔعĂ઼ϔᛨ߆ޢ଀઼̚߆ᝋפତќĄ̚В ᅫԊ઼۞ސВ׶̶઼लԩᖃĂܑࢬ˯ߏ઼̰̚ጼ۞ؼᜈĂ̙࿅Ăд࡚ᛂ၆ ๕˭Ăᝀ൒ಶߏĶ׌઼࣎̚ķâ࣎ߏĶफᑎ઼̚ķă˘࣎ߏĶ̂ౙ઼̚ķĄ ڱĞ1988-2000ğणฟϔ͹̼ăͽ̈́ώ˿̼Ăĺ̚රϔ઼ጳعጐგՂ൳ዂ߆ ᆧ࣒୧͛Ļ۞݈֏ᔘߏѣԍ̙̂ଫ۞ĶࠎЯᑕ઼छ௚˘݈̝ᅮࢋķĄϔซᛨ ˯Ğ2000-2008ğᄮࠎέ៉̏གྷ፾ϲăΪ৿ϒЩĂૄώ˯ߏࣄഥعౘͪ޴߆ ķĂ࠻̙΍ѣ೭Ҿᖞ߆ېξĂӈ૟˯έ۞ችࡻ͛͹ૺĶჯ޺઼࡚ٙؠཌྷ۞ன ᝋĞAncien Régimeğ۞ฯ͕̂ԠĄ Ăטዒ̈π۞׶π௚˘ă˘઼׌זăҕ߾έ៉Ăٸྋ˧ڠ۞ڌଂͨ፨ Ϲ̳ಡĻĞ1979ğăޙӈ઼ֹ̚ᄃ઼࡚׶ྋĂд።ֽ۞ĺ˯ঔ̳ಡĻĞ1972ğăĺ ˘ͽ̈́ĺˣ˘˛̳ಡĻĞ1982ğĂಌಌ̙ЃĶΪѣ˘઼࣎̚ăέ៉ߏ઼̚۞ ྿ 43 ѐ۞ĺજࣶຟใॡഇᓜॡ୧ܜķĄጐგՂ൳ዂд 1991 ѐᆿͤ߉Җ̶ొ γĂЯ̝֧˼ٺഠĻĂ˵ಶߏ̙Гෛ၆͞ࠎݔใะဥĂ൒҃Ă઼̚ᔘߏ١ˠ ˘ĂдಶᖚႊᄲԞଐ಄΍Ķα̙ăޞѣĺ׌઼ኢĻćౘͪ޴˵ѣ׶ྋ۞ഇ҃ ՟ѣķĂ௣տᔘߏͽĶ˘ᙝ˘઼ķୀᎸ҃ᕩĄ Ăᄃ׹ᙝ઼छܝаࢶപăͽ̈́፫פҋଂ̶઼̚ҾϤࡻ઼̈́ཬ෈Ͱ͘̚ ঔăڌдٸѐֽ۞൏ᕇܕ࡭ྋՙĂੵ˞έ៉஝ঘҝϔҋՙĂ̂ۋᅳ˿৾۞ ͽ̈́ݑঔĂ̶Ҿ߄ጼ͟ώăͽ઼࡚̈́Ăึ๕૟έ៉ଡˢያᙝጼ۞ӧဩĂপ πٙᏜ۞Ķາݭ઼̂ܕҾߏ౑౦έĄጐგᄰ֏Ķ੠Ր׶πă඗̙ჍᜦķĂ௫ ᙯܼķĂಶߏࢋྫྷ઼̢࡚ҾࡺᐝĂྏဦ౅࿅᚛γֽщ̰Ą̙გߏݑঔ۞˝߱ă ٺᔘߏȈ˘߱ȟԛቢĂঘ̈́फᒨ͹ᝋăঔાྤ໚̈́ঔᝋ۞ᓏ৶Ăॲ໚݋д ༺ჯ۞ޥ઼ޓ઼࡚Ϥ͟ώ͘̚Ϲග̚රϔ઼Ă෦ኜ።Ϋ݋̙Һ˫རˢޢጼ ౄˠ̍फಶߏ׏ݭ۞ᕖૺёϔ୉͹ཌྷĂᅲѣᄃ͵ࠧࠎᇲ۞ঈޙҍĂ҃̂ᓝ ๕Ăݒ˫΄ˠ̙ྋĄ ăௐ 3 ഇĞ2020/ࡌ؞ཱིğס Įέ៉઼ᅫࡁտ؞Ώįௐ 16 18

ăڼဦ۞̰ᛳĞҖ࠷̼ăϔ୉ҋۍщଵ̙γৼˢڼಶ઼̚۞็௚Ă߆ ૶ğĞဦ 7ğćܢэğă̈́ᘃߘγΊ۞γᘸĞᘸᛳăഈ੒઼ăعপҾҖ߆ડăឬᒴ ᙯܼĂੵ˞̢̙࠹ᛳĞϣ൑໛ăͪ൑߹ğĂͽඕЪڼٙᄮؠ۞߆ڱᅫ઼ٺҌ ࠻Ă̙γಏ˘઼छăᓑ֣ăҋϤඕЪă֣ᓑăડાፋЪă઼ֽޘღ૜۞඀ ٛұˠܠă̈́পঅᙯܼĄ֤ᆃĂੵ˞ᙷҬ҅͟તˠăщॾጆ-ᇩҹᅊˠăם ਠ۞̚රϔ୉Ğරˠă႔ˠğҕቡ̼͛ᙯܼĂᇶͷ̙ኘᗫ೸۞˘ਠϡфĞᛊ ந፾ϲĞᛊтέ៉В׶઼ğĂ̂छຐည̚۞߆ڱтΈԙ̝֣ğă˵̙ኢέ៉ රϔ઼ᄃ̚රˠϔВ׶઼ߏިᆃᇹ̚غזщଵտౣߏ̦ᆃĉೱήྖᄲĂڼ ᙯܼĉ۞

៍˭ဦ 7Ĉ઼̚۞͇

陸、坦干伊加與桑吉巴結合的經驗

Ă2011ćՂཌྷ܎ඈĂ2015ğă̈́௚ࠁĞเЍރጯ۰Ğͳ࢐઼̚זА݈᝝ ᅳ઼̚זĂ2015ğྚᛖ߸սߗ۞៍ᕇĂ޽΍ಶߏĶ˘̚׌ጳķĂᔘপҾ೩઼ ፋЪ۞ଣ੅ 19ڼ߆

ϿΐĞRepublic of Tanganyikağᄃγঔ۞ॹР̒؃Ķ̂ౙķ۞ܧڌጱ۰೯͔ ĞunionğࠎּĂ˵ಶߏ׀ĞPeople’s Republic of Zanzibar24ğд 1964 ѐЪ͐ ॹκֲĞTanzaniağ۞གྷរĄֽࣧĂд઼̚ˠ۞͕ϫ̚Ăέ៉۞г؃ϫ݈۞ ॹκֲ25ĂᔘৼˢॹР؃ϿΐˠᙾᕩᙾĂҌ઼͌Щ̒؃Ҝ̙тࢶപྫྷҘᖟĄ ͐Ă઼ၮϺ൒Ğဦ 8ğĄ઼̚ˠྫྷ௚ࠁాᙾˠĂౌ̙ߏޝϡ͕Ą

໚ĈRedditĞn.d.ğĄֽ

ॹκ઼ֲၮ۞யϠ؃ဦ 8Ĉ

ฟؕჍࠎ People’s Republic of Zanzibar and PembaĄ˘ 24 Ͽΐ̈́ॹР͐ᓑЪВ׶઼ķĞUnited Republic of and ZanzibarğĂ̒؃ࣧώ઼ЩĶ 25 ॹκֲᓑЪ؃ĞUnited Republic (Declaration of Name) Act, 1964ğԼЩĶڱᐌӈ౅࿅ϲ ĞTanğֽҋ TanganyikaăॹĞZanğֽҋ ZanzibarĄ؃В׶઼ķĞUnited Republic of TanzaniağĂ ăௐ 3 ഇĞ2020/ࡌ؞ཱིğס Įέ៉઼ᅫࡁտ؞Ώįௐ 16 20

Ͽΐă̈́ॹР̶͐Ҿд 1961ă̈́ 1963 ѐ௲ᗓതϔг፾ϲĂॹР͐̒؃ Ͽΐᅳጱ۰̒؃߆តᅳጱ۰ΙጆؒĞAbeid Karumeğፉ͕జಡೇĂЯѩྫྷ ᛉ27Ğဦ 9ğĂҁםᘪࢎᓑЪצ26Ăռ࠹଱׀κ࿩ႬĞJulius NyerereğથᛉЪ ᛉ̙ᕝĄ͍׎ߏ݈۰̙ᕝहۋѺؖᄋдခ྆ĞSepere, 2013ğĄགྷ࿅̣Ȉѐă ૻҖአһΝγ઼ĞంˬͧҹğχጼĄጐგٺ۰۞ᝋ˧ĂࠤҌޢຍͯࢬࣤဳ head of the ܜă˵ѣٙᏜ۞ᓁ௚28 Ă׎၁Ϊߏ౵੼Җ߆ࢵڱ۰ѣጳޢ छ̮ࢵĂѣᕇညনҹᜋ۞ҹ֧ѼֲĄ઼ܧgovernmentă֭

໚ĈCIGH EXETERĞ2015ğĄֽ Ͽΐᓁ௚κ࿩ႬĂΠࠎॹР͐ᓁ௚κ࿩ႬĄ̒؃Ĉνࠎځᄲ

ᛉםဦ 9Ĉκ࿩Ⴌᄃκ࿩ႬᘪཌᓑЪ

29ăٕߏĺᓑЪ୧ഠĻĞArticles of Union, 1964ğĂ֭ڱયᗟߏĂ̙გጳ ˯Ă҃ॹР͐д၁ᅫטտౣߏಏ˘ăᔘߏᓑ֣טॹκֲ۞ጳ߆វ؃ࢎځϏ ડķĞsemi-autonomous regionğĂڼ࣎ĶΗҋ˘۞˭טүΪਕზߏಏ˘វྻ۞

߷۞Ο͐ķĞSanders, 2014: 37ğĄܧγొЯ৵݋ߏдҽጼ۞ਔඛ˭ĂҘ઼͞छፉ͕ົតјĶ 26 ༊൒Ăԛё˯ᔘߏ̶Ҿ౅࿅׌઼۞ᛉົ఼࿅ Union of Tanganyika and Zanzibar Act of 27 1964ăͽ̈́ Union of Zanzibar and Tanganyika Law of 1964ĞJinju, 2014: 101ğĄ ॹκֲ۞ઘᓁ௚Ăགྷ࿅ 1992 ѐ۞࣒ጳĂ่ࠎ̰ᅦ؃ࣧώ۞ࡗؠߏॹР͐ᓁ௚ҋજјࠎ 28 јࣶĄ ĻĞInterim Constitution of Tanzania, 1965ğăٕߏĺ1977ڱॹκֲ࿅ഭጳ؃Β߁ĺ1965 ѐ 29 ĻĞConstitution of the United Republic of Tanzania, 1977ğĄڱॹκֲᓑЪВ׶઼ጳ؃ѐ ፋЪ۞ଣ੅ 21ڼ߆

Ăኘ̙˯ᓑ֣۞јࣶăՀ̙ϡᄲ֣ᓑعॹκֲ۞г͞߆؃ٺᝀ൒ߏҊᛳ ĞHaule, 2006: 223ğĄೱήྖᄲĂܑࢬ˯ߏ׌࣎͹ᝋ઼छπ੓πӱĂ఺ᇹ۞ ۰Ąߊ൒εΝ۞͹ᝋो̙аֽĂ༊൒̏གྷޢĶ˘઼׌ጳķĂ׎၁ߏ݈۰ӌଫ ̙јࠎ˘઼࣎छĄ ो̙΍ֽĈ༊൒Ăౌۍඕ૓ᙋ३ĺᓑЪ୧ഠĻ۞ࣧా̫֞ع၁˯Ă߆ְ ड़˧۞˘ี୧ࡗڱᛉĞagreementğߏӎࠎ׍ѣ઼ᅫםѣኳႷտౣ఺ี˵ ĞtreatyğĞWikipedia, 2020: Articles of Union; Kabudi, 1993: 311-12, 315-18; ࣞॹР͐ˠ੅ኢ఺ІְĂତЇ۞ॹР̙͐عॹκֲ߆؃323-30ğĄкѐֽĂ ॹκֲௐ˘ઘᓁ௚ğᔘЯѩజ࢝˭έĂՀ̙ϡᄲ؃ᓁ௚ Aboud JumbeĞࣘ ᅦࣶజ˭ႯĞWikipedia, 2020: Articles of Union; Jinju, 2014: 106ğĄ ˘ᄃಏטĂͧྵညߏᓑ֣טॹκֲ۞ጳ߆វ؃˭JinguĞ2014ğᄮࠎ༊ Ă˵ಶߏѣĶ׌࣎߆̶̍۞عᄃॹР͐߆ع஄ЪវĂܑࢬ˯ѣᓑЪ߆۞ט Ă༊൒ົ͔੓ॹР͐ˠ۞ͅᇅćࢬ၆ॹР͐טķĂ၁ᅫ˯ͧྵညߏಏ˘វع ᓏĂѣֱ̂ౙˠ͹ૺ઀਑ᆿଫॹРײ፾ϲٺࢋՐăࠤҌ۞ีְڼˠᕖ̂ҋ ځķ۞ጳ߆ඕၹćͧྵฟعေкĂ˵ಶߏٙᏜĶ˘࣎߆ܜĂҺ଀؆ع߆͐ ˘ॹκֲ̂ౙᄃॹР͐ᗕ͞Чѣ؃ঽੵĂᑕྍߏזਕᘽ̖ט݋ᄮࠎᓑ֣۞ ˬᓁ௚Ă˵ಶĶعăϤᗕ͞዇߹༊ᓑ֣߆عĂ˯ࢬГֽ˘࣎ᓑ֣߆ع࣎߆ Ă˵ಶߏᄲрჸטᓑ֣פ٩ᓟ̝྽ߏଳغķć̙͌ॹР͐ˠ͹ૺ੭ع࣎࣎߆ ķĂᑕྍߏĶ׌઼࣎छķĂГֽซ˘Վኘߏӎࢋඕعр೸Ă̙ͤߏĶ׌࣎߆ Ъࠎ֣ᓑĞဦ 10ğĄ

ॹκֲ۞ጳ߆֕Ш؃ဦ 10Ĉ ăௐ 3 ഇĞ2020/ࡌ؞ཱིğס Įέ៉઼ᅫࡁտ؞Ώįௐ 16 22

ķ۞ᓑטࣃ଀˘೩۞ߏĂJinguĞ2014: 107ğࣆߏ੅ኢ˞ٙᏜĶ˘઼׌ ЪඕၹĂ˵ಶߏឰᓑЪវ࢑య઼֨ă̈́γϹְચĂ҃̈ҁԙ݋Ξͽჯ޺ҋ ᘲཏڱགྷᑻវրĂᛊт̜౪ᄃॾ౗ᜋĞGreenlandğă̈́ྫྷڼᄮТă̈́߆۞̎ फĞFaroe IslandsğĂ܆ᜋᄃ๸ᜋཏफĞÅland IslandsğĂ৸Ҙᜋᄃऱҹཏफ ăͽ̈́έ៉۞ᙯܼĄ΁ᄮࠎĂ఺ᇹܝĞCook IslandsğĂٕߏ઼̚ᄃࢶപă፫ ࣅᏥ۞ᙯܼĂ˵ಶߏγঔफᑎăٕཏफᄃ̂ౙ̝ม̈ԙٺщଵٕధዋϡ۞ Ąڶॹκֲπ੓πӱ۞ଐ؃ညॹР͐ᄃٺ࣯۞ؠҜĂЯѩĂ̙֭ዋϡ̂ٺ̝ ᜋ۞ҋ܆ડă๸ᜋཏफߏڼᘲཏफߏ̜౪۞ҋڱԧࣇυื޽΍Ăॾ౗ᜋ̈́ ᅳڼડĂऱҹཏफᔵ൒ᄃ৸ҘᜋѣҋϤඕЪ۞ᙯܼĂ׎၁˵ߏҋڼ ĞHovgaard & Ackrén, 2017; Scarpulla, 2002; Quentin-Baxter, 2008ğć࠹ྵ̝ ˭Ă઼̚݋ԯࢶപ̈́፫ܝ༊үপҾҖ߆ડĂ̙ࢋᄲϔ͹ăాҋϤౌ՟ѣĂ ĄצॹР̙͐ຐࢋĂέ៉Հ՟ѣ྽நତ

柒、藍綠陣營在「習五點」以來的態度30

ϔซᛨд 2018 ѐ˝Ъ˘Ᏼᓝࢦक़ĂĶ௫̣ᕇķ൑ளឰችࡻ͛ᓁ௚̙ٺ ႀķĂсಈ΍୕γаͽĶα࣎υืķă̈́Ķˬ྽᜕֨შķĈ݈۰ߏזĶፇ͕̈ ࣧ݋ĂΒ߁υืϒෛ̚රϔ઼έ៉хд۞ְ၁ăυื಴ࢦ׌˼ˬѺ༱ˠϔ ளă̈́υڡ၆ҋϤϔ͹۞િ޺ăυืͽ׶π၆ඈ۞͞ёֽ఍நԧࣇ̝ม۞ ĂΒ߁ڱ۰݋ߏ׍វүޢٙ଱ᝋ۞̳ᝋ˧፟ၹӱ˭ֽኘćع߆ٕعߏ߆ื જ̚۞ϔ͹᜕֨შĄ̢ثϔϠщБ᜕֨შăྤੈщБ۞᜕֨შă̈́ૻ̼׌ ˞̿˯πϨޘአĂችࡻ͛ᓁ௚۞͚޺ૄېᔵ൒̚ఢ̚৏ă̙௲ჯ޺ன ځӌăᜪ͹ᝋķ૟ߏ׀10-15%Ă̫֞˘࣎؞̪൒ჯ޺̙ᆩĂΞͽ࿰֍ĂĶͅ Ķέ៉̙ઇௐ˟࣎זѐᓁ௚̂Ᏼ۞͹คćТᇹгĂ߄ጼ۰Ꮵ୻ᇇԯአ̄ٛ ࢶപᄃҘᖟķĄ ᔹ઼༉ܜᚗĶ˝˟ВᙊķĂϫ݈ੵ˞੼ฯξڱҋಈ۞ڭڭεΝٺᖡᒉϤ ᛉķĄ൒҃Ăտౣ׶ם൒ͽ̙តᑕ༱តĂ઼ϔᛨ۞ᐝˠ̂࡭˯੼ᓝĶ׶πֶ

30 Įϔಡį2019/5/28Ą ፋЪ۞ଣ੅ 23ڼ߆

ᛉߏ̦ᆃăтңซҖă̈́௣ໂϫᇾߏ̦ᆃĂ̫֭֞՟ѣͧྵ׹ؼ۞ᄲםπ Ă࠻ֽΪߏͷጼͷ֕۞ቤһ̝ࢍĄ̂វ҃֏Ă઼ϔᛨˠ̀િ޺Ķ઼̚ಶڱ ந҃֏ಶߏĶ׌઼࣎̚ķĂᄃϔซᛨĺέ៉݈౉ՙᛉ͛Ļڱߏ̚රϔ઼ķĂಶ मҾĂ˵ಶߏĶέ៉̏གྷ፾ϲă઼ЩΨ̚රϔ઼ķćт۞̂ޝĞ1999ğ՟ѣ ౤Ăϔซᛨෛࠎޏщ۞̂˳ڼܜϔᛨԯ̚රϔ઼༊઼ٺѣ̦ᆃमளĂдڍ ξڼᄲĂౌߏт઄Βೱ۞Ķέ፾ķĂ߆઼ֽ̚ٺഝĂ၆ܥᇶॡࣄഥ˯ξ۞ዌ ੼Ą̙ޘಞ۞Ᏸᙊ ᛉᔖ̝઱ऻ̙̈́Ă൒҃Ăϫ݈ੵ˞ፉᇎέ៉஍ࠎם׶πٺጐგქᒉ၆ ٙٚᄮ۞ڱᅫ઼ܧᛉĞagreementğ֭םࢶപăٕҘᖟĂ͚ᑕ۞நϤߏኳႷ ణયܑϯĂĶ׌צ఼ତځ୧ࡗĞtreatyğĂϏҺგ֍᎚ീĄѝАĂౙ؎ົ͹؎ౘ ϹޙሀёĂٕםᙯܼщଵ۞ΞਕّĂΞΒ߁ለ༖ሀёă፾ϲ઼ڼϏֽ߆ث ࠹̢ٚᄮķүࠎАՙ୧عͽĶ׌઼߆عјࠎՀღ૜۞༖֣ķĂγࠧͽࠎߏ߆ ᛉĄ׎၁ĂଂՂ൳ዂ۞ĶͥޙІĂ̙࿅Ă΁Ѩ͟ᅁღሏ୻ߏ͔ࢗЧ჌̙Т ˘ዐķĞ̚ϲ઼ğăౘͪ޴۞Ķ˘ᙝܕࣨᙝķĞপঅᙯܼğăӕսቷ۞ĶᅈᏐ ฆᆵୂ۞ĶΈԙ̝֣ķĂ̂វᔘߏಛᖒд̚රϔ୉ăٕߏරˠٙ௡זķă઼ ј۞઼छĂྯ̙΍̚රϔ઼۞༺ҍĞဦ 11ğĄ

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дᖡᒉ͞ࢬĂҋଂాጼ˯а೩΍ᗫ೸۞Ķ֣ᓑķ㍵Ҁ҃ᕩĂ՟ѣˠϟ เ̄गķă݈ϲۆТࠎثщଵĂᛊт઼ϔᛨ͹यӓ೶ཌྷᄲĶ׌ڼኘ߆㉓̙݂ เ̄गăТᛳ̚රϔ୉ķăోέᅛ۞ۆˠϔТࠎثπ˵ܑၗĶ׌ܛͳܜੰڱ â࣎̚රϔ઼ă˘࣎̚රˠϔВ׶઼ķĂ˵ಶߏҕቡ˭غĶ˘࣎̚රϔ୉ ̼͛˯۞ឬ௘Ąࣆߏᔹ઼༉݈͟಄΍Ķ઼֨ያ઼࡚ăࡊԫያ͟ώăξಞያ ăӅ˧ያҋ̎ķĂᔵ൒ྏဦЧ͞੅рĂ᝘੓ֽֽߏщБͽ઼࡚ࠎ੺ࢵߏ઼̚ ְ۞ثТࡪߏ˘छˠĂ׌ثᖀĂᙱ઼َέᏱ൴֏ˠ੺ፍЍ̙଀̙ሏ୻ĂĶ׌ έᅛ੫ዡోܜТࡪ۞छְ྆ĂᑕྍϤछ྆ˠથณ඾ᏱĄķᕃঔ཭ְثߏ׌ ăԫఙያࡁ൴ă׻ྻያҋ̎ķĂᔘૻۋ࠹၆Ă޽΍Ķ઼֨ያ׶πăξಞያᚮ ć౵পۏˠڼአĶ઼֨ያ઼࡚ߏያ̙ҝ۞ķĂ᝘੓ֽ̙ည็௚ᖡᒉ঻࡚۞߆ ᖡქ̝ม۞έقҾ۞ߏ΁޽΍ĂĶ࡚̝̚มԧࣇ̚ϲķĂ࠹༊ĶӕսቷķĂԜ Ąځ౉ϲಞѣߙ჌̙Ξ֏ಔ۞ჸЪĂϏυߏ঑ഺ̶݈៉

捌、蔡英文的「中華民國台灣」就是與虎謀皮31

൴ܑᗕȈኘྖĂ̶Ҿߏޘችࡻ͛д 2016 ѐಶЇ̚රϔ઼ᓁ௚Ă̫֞α ͵ܪIJિؠШ݈Ăឰ઼छЯԼࢭ҃ઈ̂ijăIJՀр۞έ៉ijăIJϔ͹έ៉ă໰ ߆ăγϹă̰̈́عࠧijă̈́IJિิ઼̝Ă݈ซ͵ࠧijĄௐ˘ѐ͹ࢋдᓾາ߆ ̂ˬШĂௐ˟ѐ௟ొᛚࢗԼࢭăग़኎ϔ͹ҋϤă̈́ವԱ઼ᅫؠҜ͞۞ث׌ д઼छщБăགྷᑻ၁˧ă̈́ۤົщٸࢬШĂௐˬѐࢬ၆˝Ъ˘ᏴᓝĂૄአ БĂௐαѐࢬᓜాЇ۞߄ጼĂᅅೡ୶ᆷĂჸ൏дϔซᛨ߆ᝋྫྷ̚රϔ઼۞ ᙯܼĄ ϡ࿅έ៉ă఺઼࣎छăޢಶҋჍ҃֏ĂϤώ˿ّ۞ૻऴֽ࠻Ăችࡻ͛А ӣ஄Ăזቁځᇲˠ۞΁ჍĂϤٺරϔ઼έ៉ă̈́̚රϔ઼ć࠹၆̝˭Ă၆̚ Ğܑ 2ğĄڱТϡ̙۞ثѣ઼̚ăΔִ༊ԊĞᑕྍߏεᄱğă઼̂̚ౙă̈́׌˵ ķĂ࠻ֽߏຐࢋܑ྿චຍć఺ثд݈׌ѐ۞ႊᓾĂችࡻֹ͛ϡ࠹༊к۞Ķ׌ ׌ѐ݋ۡତֹϡĶ઼̚ķĂрညͧྵૻർĂᑕྍߏЯᑕᔹ઼༉۞઼̚གྷᑻൕĄ

31 Įϔಡį2019/10/14Ą ፋЪ۞ଣ੅ 25ڼ߆

ᗕȈኘྖ۞ϡфޘ2Ĉችࡻ͛α ܑ 2016 2017 2018 2019 έ៉Ğˠϔğ 18 48 48 24 ఺઼࣎छ 7 0 0 0 ̚රϔ઼έ៉ 0 0 0 2 ̚රϔ઼ 3 6 6 6 ઼̚ 0 0 6 3 ΔִĞ༊Ԋğ 0 0 1 0 ઼̂̚ౙ 2 0 1 0 0 3 24 19 ث׌ фᇴ 2,931 4,548 5,731 2,194

ߊ൒ߏᗕȈ༼ĂጐგĶέ៉Ğˠϔğķ΍ன۞Ѩᇴ౵кĂᔘߏࢋ೩Ķ̚ ϫ۞ߏѩ൫ڦරϔ઼ķĂҺ଀ֹϡ΃ЩෟĶ఺઼࣎छķజ̂ઇ͛ౢĄ౵͔ˠ າ౹۞Ķ̚රϔ઼έ៉ķĂૻአĶ̚රϔ઼̏གྷдέ៉ьϲ෹࿅˛ȈѐķĂ Ԟ˞˟˟ˣְІߏд 1947 ѐᘕ൴۞Ă੼قဘྏԯέ៉ᄃ̚රϔ઼ඕЪĂԜ ୺ᖡᏴϔĄٺពΞͽ࠻΍Ћဦӛৼ̚มᏴϔăࠤҌځᏴፄّ۞εጸাĂޘ ԧࣇۢ྽Ăቼ̬Ϯ۞઼ϔᛨ߆ᝋϏགྷέ៉ˠ۞ТຍĂд 1949 ѐ૟̚ර ѣቼགྷ઼۞ĶҋϤ̼ķֽޢέ៉ķćጐგזέ៉Ă˵ಶߏĶ̚රϔ઼זϔ઼ວ ᇹĂૄώ˯ᔘߏຐࢋԯέ៉ΐͽĶ̰˘۰ڼķĂྫྷ።ֽγֽ௚ܦඕЪĶ๊έ г̼ķĄՂ൳ዂ݋౅࿅Ķϔ͹̼ķ඾͘Ķώ˿̼ķăĶέ៉̼ķĂЇ̰ԯࢦᕇ ˵ҋᄮ̏གྷ၁ኳԆјĶέ៉̚රϔ઼ķĂٺ൪дĶ̚රϔ઼дέ៉ķĂࠤҌ ಶߏ૟̚රϔ઼Βӣдέ៉Ą д 2000 ѐ˯έĂٙᏜ۞Ķ˘ᙝ˘઼ķಶߏĶ̚රϔ઼ߏέعౘͪ޴߆ ΃̝Ąችࡻ͛҃פķĂᄲࡍ˞ಶߏࣄഥ˯ξĂٙᏜ۞༊छү͹˵̙࿅ಶߏ៉ ķĂ੼ᓝĶέ៉ಶߏ̚රϔ઼ă̚රϔ઼ಶߏېĶჯ޺னזϤĶέ៉Вᙊķ έ៉ķĂ૟έ៉ᄃ̚රϔ઼ඈТĂ˵ಶߏĶέ៉តј̚රϔ઼ă̚රϔ઼ត ડ࿣Ᏸᙊć˵ЯѩĂາ౹۞Ķ̚රϔ઼έ៉ķ׎၁ಶߏڱјέ៉ķĂ׌۰൑ ૟έ៉Ķ̚රϔ઼̼ķĂԯέ៉ӧд̚රϔ઼۞ỷ⅃̚જᇅ̙଀Ą ᄲՂ൳ዂߏ૟̚රϔ઼Βӣдέ៉྆ᐝĂ੺ࡻ˝݋ྏဦ૟έ៉Βڍт ӣд̚රϔ઼Ă҃ችࡻ͛݋χზ૟έ៉ᄃ̚රϔ઼ඕЪࠎ˘ă̶̙੕ྸĄ ăௐ 3 ഇĞ2020/ࡌ؞ཱིğס Įέ៉઼ᅫࡁտ؞Ώįௐ 16 26

ࢋߏ઼ЩΪߏ௑ཱིĂ֤ಶ՟ѣ̦ᆃрࢍྵĞဦ 12ğĄયᗟߏĂ̚රϔ઼߄ጼ ᙱޝරˠϔВ׶઼۞ϒ༊ّĂ˵ಶߏኡ̖ߏ઼̚۞ϒ௚Ăᙱ઼َᅫۤົ̚ ̚ޞාăඈܦķಶߏҋԧᘳୠĂ֤ߏ໢ͪ൓ېĄЯѩĂિ޺Ķჯ޺னצତ ࢕۞ତќĄٸˠϔྋ઼

ဦ 12Ĉ̚රϔ઼ѣˬ჌

௚Ĉጐგᗕ͞ౌڱፋវֽ࠻Ă઼઼̚ϔᛨྫྷ઼̚Вயᛨߏдຬ઼̚۞ ТຍăĶ˘઼࣎̚ķĂ̚В۞௣ໂϫᇾߏӌଫέ៉Ă઼ϔᛨ̰ొѣˠৌ۞ԓ ౤ķĄ࠹၆̝˭Ăϔޏරϔ઼ߏΞͽщ֗ϲ׻۞Ķ̂̚ܫ୕௚˘Ă˵ѣˠ࠹ ซᛨྫྷ઼ϔᛨ݋ߏдຬ̚රϔ઼۞͹ጱᝋĂ̙გߏӣ஄׎ෟ۞Ķ˝˟В ķăᔘߏͷጼͷ֕۞Ķ˘ᙝ˘઼ķĂώኳߏಶߏĶ׌ېᙊķăᑩߎ۞Ķჯ޺ன ઼࣎̚ķâೃଐᙸăᄃ܎ᏖϩĂྯ̙΍઼̰̚ጼ۞߹ՒĄˬ۰۞ВТᕇĂ ಶߏͅ၆Ķέ៉፾ϲޙ઼ķĞဦ 13ğĄ

ဦ 13Ĉᖡქࡓˬᛨ۞ளТ ፋЪ۞ଣ੅ 27ڼ߆

附錄一：中國的意淫、台灣的國王的新衣

Ăέ៉Ѱ౦̝߯Ă࠹ᚶజཌྷ̂Ӏăͽ̈́෸ݑ༰ਝĞΒۆ႔ᘕ൴۱ڠ઼̚ Тৼˢ઼̚âܝၷğĄࢋَཋ͵ࠧ኎Ϡ௡ᖐ૟έ៉ᄃࢶപă፫ܜӣරਝă αгķĂᚨඕ݋ߏ઼̚۞Ķ˘઼࣎̚ķ߆ඉĄثಶߏ˘ֱˠߺߺሄ྽۞Ķ׌˵ BBCĞ2020ğణયĂ צᄲаֽĂٙᏜĶ̚රϔ઼έ៉ķĂችࡻ͛ᓁ௚ତ˫ྖ ᐝϡ۞ߏ Republic of China Taiwan32Ă̙ გ ߏ Republic of China (Taiwan)ă˾ ۰ޢRepublic of China, TaiwanĞೆ媁൞Ă2020ğĂ݈۰ߏĶΐොέ៉ķă ٕ ߏĶдέ៉۞̚රϔ઼ķâਠ۞ᖎჍᔘߏ ChinaĞ઼̚ğĂ௣տέ៉ֶ൒ ЩפΪߏгЩĄտౣߏဦᏖĶ׌઼࣎̚ķăٕߏຳϯ௣ໂ௚˘ĉӈֹኛზ׻ ઼̚ۋфĂ˵ົѣрೀ࣎ᏴፄĄ̙ᄲ̼͛ຏଐឬ௘Ăࠎң̙֕΍ᄃ̚Вᚮ ௚۞።Ϋౚᇆĉڱ ࣶ๦ᓏءདྷࢅĂγ઼ਝ঱ߊֽ̙ăԧࣇ˵̙ਕΝĄγϹۆ႔۱ڠ઼̚ ع኎௡ᖐĂ̙ྍԯέ៉༊ү઼̚Ğࠪડğ۞˘ొ̶ĄયᗟߏĂϔซᛨ߆͵ ੼ᓝĶ̚රϔ઼έ៉ķĂӈֹ੼አĶέ៉ߏέ៉ă઼̚ߏ઼̚ķĂߊ൒઼Щ ߏĶ̚රϔ઼ķĞRepublic of ChinağĂˠछިᆃຣ଀୻຾Ķ̚රϔ઼̙ߏ̚ ᄮࠎ௚፾ߏ઄މķĞRepublic of China is not a part of Chinaķĉ߆̶ొ˘۞઼ ᛉᗟ˵ቪĂҁѺؖࢋߏҁᄮࠎέ៉፾ϲߏຍᙊԛၗĂΪࢋ̚රϔ઼ᄃ̚ර ĂΒ߁็ߖঽĄڼ߆ޘˠϔВ׶઼۬ᜇ̙୻ĂүᘮҋᎨĂٙѣ۞ᛉᗟౌߏ੼ ந͹ᝋ፾ϲ۞઼छĂΪົజ༊ڱΪࢋ̙జ઼ᅫۤົٚᄮĂέ៉ಶ̙ߏৌϒ Ă̙ࢋГᚶᜈ੟ᔖăҋഡഡˠ˞Ąלү̈๿૎ăࠤҌ੺݈ ҁВჍԧࣇࠎ Taiwan, ChinaĞ઼̚ąέ៉ğăTaiwan, Province of China Ğ઼̚ąέ៉࠷ğăTaiwan, Province of Peoples’ republic of ChinaĞ̚රˠϔ ྽тңᖙᛌ۞ China (Taiwan)Ğ઼̚۞έ៉ĉğ̙ۢٺВ׶઼ąέ៉࠷ğăࠤҌ ,Ğဦ 14ğĄችࡻ͛ߺߺሄ྽۞̚රϔ઼έ៉Ă̙გᖙᛌࠎ Republic of China TaiwanĞдέ៉۞̚රϔ઼ğăᔘߏ Republic of China (Taiwan)Ğ̚රϔ઼ ΐොέ៉ğĂ઼ᅫۤົ̶଀୻຾๜ĉߏ̙ߏдქࡓд࿣ঔ၆ભĉ

঻֏ᘨ۞ཌЩߏĶPresident of TaiwanĞROCğķĂٺॡĂګችࡻ͛д 2016 ѐણ៍͐ो੺ྻ 32 ზߏϲಞ౵୻຾۞˘ѨĞBBCĂ2016ğĄ ăௐ 3 ഇĞ2020/ࡌ؞ཱིğס Įέ៉઼ᅫࡁտ؞Ώįௐ 16 28

ဦ 14Ĉ઼̚၆έ៉۞ຍ஋

ॡഇĂֹϡ Chinese TaipeiĞ̚රέΔğЩཌྷĂͽ៍عέ៉д੺ࡻ˝߆ ၅ࣶ֗Њણΐ͵ࠧ኎Ϡ̂ົĞWHAğĂజቩѪ˞Ăலౣ᝘੓ֽಶߏĶ઼̚ έΔķĂέ៉జ෍൑̼˞Ğ׹ԠᄹĂ2016ć߉ϒዡĂ2016ğĄனдĂ͵ࠧ۞ ࠪଐົᛉĂέ៉జ༣̼ࠎ Taipeiۆ႔۱ڠ኎Ϡ௡ᖐĞWHOğࣧώχზᓝҖ ĞέΔğ33Ăాέ៉ౌజ⼉౷˞˞Ąࠎ̦ᆃ̙િ޺Ķέ៉ಶߏέ៉ķĂᖣ፟ ឰ͵ˠۢ྽઼̚۞ᅳ˿౎͕ăཌྷᇙ๱ᓕĂТॡ˵ឰ઼ˠТ̩ᇲນĉົ дঔγ۞έ៉ˠЯࠎो̚රϔ઼۞᜕໰ዎϨீĂ˸ѿྃկो̚රϔ઼઼ ၮ෭д਒݈ăٕߏࡦΒ˯Ăܑϯྫྷ̚රˠϔВ׶઼̙ТĂયᗟߏৌ۞ѣϡ๜ĉ ѣপડ۞ၮᆽĄܻᘲ೻ѣ 85 ࣎ٙᏜ۞ᓑ֣͹វౌܝࢋԞ˞Ăࢶപྫྷ፫̙ Ğfederal subjectğĞ22 В׶઼ republică9 ᙝડ krayă46 э oblastsă3 ۡᔑξ ડ autonomous okrugğĂౌѣڼэ autonomous oblastă4 ҋڼfederal cityă1 ҋ ϔᏴٺĂࠤҌڱҋ̎۞ၮᆽĞဦ 15ă16ğĂপҾߏ 22 ࣎В׶઼ᔘѣٙᏜ۞ጳ ࢵăͽ઼̈́ົĂᄲࡍ˞Ϊ̙࿅ߏҖ߆ಏҜĄ؎ѡϏυਕՐБĂϒώ୻໚Ă̮ ϒ̂Ⴭҋ̎ߏέ៉ĂࢋՐ઼ᅫۤົٚᄮăΐˢᓑЪ઼ĉځң̙Ѝ

ຑႬᜋཱྀ۞͵ࠧ኎Ϡ௡ᖐღާࢍ൪ĞHealth Emergencies Programmeğ࢑యˠ඿ा 33 ĞMichael RyanğĂ΁д̰͟Ϟ۞੃۰ົ˯ĂϡфߏĶέ៉̈́׎΁઼̚ [г͞]ķĞTaiwan and the rest of ChinağĞGoodenough, 2020ğĄ ፋЪ۞ଣ੅ 29ڼ߆

໚ĈWikipediaĞ2019: Flags of the Federal Subjects of RussiağĄֽ

ဦ 15Ĉ85 ࣎ᓑ֣͹វ۞ၮᆽ

໚ĈVectorStockĞ2020ğĄֽ ဦ 16Ĉܻᘲ೻ 22 ࣎В׶઼۞ၮᆽ ăௐ 3 ഇĞ2020/ࡌ؞ཱིğס Įέ៉઼ᅫࡁտ؞Ώįௐ 16 30

附錄二：喜樂島聯盟的國家定位基調34

ጳϒЩķăטķĂ׍វ۞үࠎߏĶ઼ޙўߏĶ፾ϲ؟ಈሄफᓑ༖јϲ۞ ͽ̈́Ķ̳ԸˢᓑķĄࢵАಶĶ፾ϲķ۞̂ϫᇾ҃֏Ăಈሄफ̙֭႕ຍέ៉ϫ நĞdeڱ͹ᝋ၁ኳĞde factoğ፾ϲĂ҃ߏՀࢋ᎕ໂ੠Ր۞ޘٙѣߙ჌඀݈ Ăጐგ߆ᝋᖼொă༊छү͹Ă˭ڶරϔ઼۞ଐ̚اjureğ፾ϲĂӎ݋Ăдᙂ ᝀ൒̙ਕ઄ᛖ۞൑ഇवЖĂέ៉ˠϖᅈېਕՐБĂჯ޺ன̙ئ؎˯д઼ᅫ υื࠻ˠᓚҒăЇˠᜭඉĄЯѩĂৌ۞ຐࢋᜪέ៉۞͹ᝋĂυืឰέ៉ϒ ҋ֖ٙᏜ۞ĶણᄃķĄܧёĶΐˢķ઼ᅫۤົĂ҃ ᓁზᕚ௲തϔг۞гҜĂ̚ޢķֽᄲĂᔵ൒έ៉дጼ઼ޙГֽĂಶĶ ˘ϒ༊ّĂ̪൒ྯ௲̙˞̚В۞Ķ۞ޘ଀࠹༊඀פරϔ઼߆ᝋ౅࿅ϔ͹Ᏼᓝ ćӈֹᇶॡਕͽĶ׌઼࣎̚ķ෍ᄃ؎ఏĂᙱҺឰ͵ˠᄮࠎέװ઼࣎̚ķᜲ ׶௚ࠁĶ௣ໂܢˠϴ̙ଫ઼̚ηᆜĂֶ൒ᄃ٩෪۞઼۬̚ᜇ̙୻Ă൑ள៉ ο˘࣎າϠ۞Ķέ៉઼ķăٕߏĶέ៉В׶઼ķߏυࢋ۞Ăކ௚˘ķĄЯѩĂ ̙ᑕྍЯೈࢂͷࣄഥ˯ξĄ Ļڱ၁ኳ̰ट҃֏Ăĺ̚රϔ઼ጳڱጳķ۞υࢋّѣ˟ĄࢵАĂಶጳטĶ Ȉѐֽͽᆧ࣒୧͛۞͞ёགྷ࿅˛Ѩ࣒ˬܕࢎ۞Ăጐგטߏ 1946 ѐд઼̚ ăͽ̈́ځ̙טጳĂ̪൒ѣኜкᨋॾ̙ˢăோᘣᙱҖ۞г͞ĂপҾߏጳ߆វ ᝋ˧ᙯܼ̙୻Ă̙ߏϒ૱઼छٙᑕѣ۞ĄՀࢦࢋ۞ְĂ۞عδᄃг͞߆̚ ጳ࿅඀ֽ጖ჸˠϔ۞ϔ୉ᄮטࢎາጳĂΪѣ౅࿅טؠࢋ˘ޙາ઼छ۞ჹ ТĂ̖ਕ˘࡭၆γԩ١઼̚Ą ĶϒЩķ۞ᙯᔣ̷ّ̙࢝ट̈㌿ĂலౣЩ̙ϒă݋֏̙ึĄϤቼͩ߆ Ղ൳ዂᓁ௚۞Ķ̚රϔ઼дέ៉ķĂϤࣧώ۞Ķέזέ៉ķזᝋĶ̚රϔ઼ ঱रаഈ۞ϔซᛨ߆זг̼ķԼؽՀૺࠎĶ̚රϔ઼έ៉̼ķĂ՟ѣຐ̰៉ ౣ൒੼ᓝĶ̚රϔ઼έ៉ķĂ߿ϠϠ૟έ៉˫๫а̚රϔ઼۞㔈᝕ĄдΝع ཀྵĂ੎̙ړౣ൒ాϒЩౌΐͽع๸ྻέ៉ϒЩ̳ԸķĂϔซᛨ߆ִڌѐ۞Ķ

34 2019/12/28Ą ፋЪ۞ଣ੅ 31ڼ߆

ߏᄃ̚В࿣ঔ၆ભĉ ଀઼छ̶֗۞Ķಡ͗˾ķĂӎ݋Ăϖᅈߏ઼ᅫۤפĶˢᓑķߏឰέ៉ˠ Ą؃ክϔĂгҜ̙тдᓑЪ઼׍ѣ៍၅̶ࣶ֗۞͐ઙ೻ٺୢ׊ăࠤҌ۞ົ ᙙΞ̈́ĂপҾߏ՟ѣ઼࡚ăٕ͟ώඈ઼۞๸೯Ą̙࿅âܧ൒ĂԽિ֭ྕ ᓑķ۞ϲಞĂңܔͽ̚රϔ઼Ķזᇳࢉ˞ְĂ̏གྷࣆੜع༊˭۞ϔซᛨ߆ ăΪрϹගܮ̙͞͞ءߏѣְֱଐڱᄲ۞عள઼ϔᛨඈᖡᒉ߆ᛨĉ̈ࡻ߆ ϔมΝઇĂБࢬે߆ٙࠎңְĉ ĂĶ̳Ըķ̙ͤߏۡତϔᝋ۞׍វ၁ኹĂՀߏέ៉ˠҖֹϔ୉ҋՙޢ౵ ྽֨ቢĄிٙ׹ۢĂҋՙᝋߏᓑЪ઼д 1966 ѐ˘ޢᝋăग़኎έ៉͹ᝋ۞౵ ᝋӀ઼ᅫ̳ࡗĻĞInternational Covenant on Civil andڼ఼࿅ĺ̳ϔၱ߆ Political Rightsğă̈́ĺགྷᑻۤົၱ̼͛ᝋӀ઼ᅫ̳ࡗĻĞInternational Covenant Ăޢon Economic, Social and Cultural Rightsğ۞ௐ˘୧Ăజ಴ࠎˠᝋ̝ϓĄጼ ཌྷĄ൒҃Ăϔซᛨ̙̳̙۞ڼέ៉ˠଂϏҖֹ࿅ҋՙᝋĂ֤ߏ઼ᅫૻᝋ߆ ăർڱ࣒טЯࠎΝѐ˝Ъ˘ᏴᓝεӀَཋ̳ԸĂౣ൒࿁ࡦ઼ᅫሗ߹ૻع߆ ᙱ࿅ᙯĂ൑ளࣤဳέ៉ˠ۞ҋՙޝϠϠ૟̳ԸᄃᏴᓝ௲࿘ĂϏֽĂ̳Ը૟ ᝋĄ

ăௐ 3 ഇĞ2020/ࡌ؞ཱིğס Įέ៉઼ᅫࡁտ؞Ώįௐ 16 32

附錄三：與張維嘉談台灣實行聯邦制之可行性35

Į̳ኢಡįĞ˝͡Ȉˣཱིğ੅ኢјϲĶέ៉ᓑ֣В׶ٺૺჯလĞ1989ğ ࠹༊ະׂĄдѩĂԧࣇ೩זķ۞ᐹ෸ّᄃΞҖّĂԧࣇ၆׎ϡ͕̝ࡴຏ઼ Ăԓ୕ਕ͔੓Հкᙯ͕έ៉۞ˠ̀੒ᚥ׎ംᇊֽ੅ኢĄڱ΍˘ֱ̙Т۞࠻ ᝋࢨΞܳซˠϔ۞ણᄃĂซ҃វனϔ۞عԧࣇૄώ˯Тຍᆧΐг͞߆ ͹ĄϤ̚δะᝋĞcentralizationğు႙֕Шг̶͞ᝋĞdecentralizationĂٕ ࢕ְٕγϹĂ׎΁ՙඉͧтඁќă̳В઼֨ܧδ̼ğĂੵ̚ܧăڼᛌг͞ҋ Бᝋ఍நĄعన߉ăିֈඈඈӮΞϹϤг͞߆ ᔵѣ࠹ᙯĂ׌۰֭൑·̶ٕυࢋᙯܼĄг͞ҋטᄃᓑ֣ڼ൒҃г͞ҋ ᄃҘ঱ͰĂ઼ڱछ྆Ăͧтࡻ઼ă઼ט˘Ξ၁னĂдಏ̖טؠࢋᓑ֣˘̙ڼ Ą࠹ͅ۞Ăѣ઼ֱछᔵ૲ѣᓑ֣ڼҋ۞ޘߙ჌඀عкٕ̯͌ధг͞߆ٕౌ ͘̚Ăͧтᛂᓑᄃݑ೻͈ٛĄᓁ̝Ăг۞عĂ౵੼ՙඉݒፆд̚δ߆טវ ߏ׌аְĂ̙Ξ஄Ъࠎ˘Ąטᄃᓑ֣ڼҋ͞ Ķ༄̀ķ఺࣎фז׎ѨĂԧࣇࢋયĶ༄̼̀ķ۞̰உࠎңĉ˘ਠˠ࠻ ˯ϲă׶πă࡚ᚊăᛗᏻă઼ᅫ௡ᖐٙдăٕధГΐ̚זĂ੺˯Ξᓑຐீ ༄̀ķॡĂ΁ࣇ޽۞͞ڌనέ៉ࠎĶޙĄҭԧࣇ̙ͽࠎᙊ۰д੅ኢטᓑ֣ ׌ѨٺЕૻ̒ঘĞ͍޽઼̚ğĄ༄̀צĂ҃ߏ޽ҋϤ̚ϲĂ̙טঘ۞ߏᓑ֣ ࠧ̂ጼ̚଀ͽܲ޺̚ϲĂѣ׎гநҜཉᄃጼரЯ৵Ăͽ̈́׎ˠϔग़኎઼͵ Ă΁ܬጼ̚Шᇇ઼ϒӘâӘᇇ࢕χზˢ̂ٺჯ޺ҋϤ۞ՙ͕Ą༄̀ˠ˿ ࣇ૟ࠓଫᐋ྽఼ྮĂ֭૟Җ൏˿ഫᑝጼĂֹᇇ઼ӈֹ࢕ְҖજјΑĂ૟൑ ᙯܼ̙̂Ą۞טЇңӀৈΞ଀Ą఺༊൒ᄃᓑ֣ Ăԧࣇ˵ࢋଳᓑטᄲЯࠎ༄̀၁Җᓑ֣ڍĉтטᆃĂࠎңࢋҖᓑ֣֤ Ķ༄̼̀ķ۞ဩࠧĂநϤϏҺ͉஝ૻĄૺჯလ೩΍Ξਆࢬ᎕ăזΞ྿̖ט֣ Ąט̼͛୉ཏ۞хдĂͽ͇̈́൒ྤ໚۞ѣ൑ֽኢᙋέ៉˵ѣ୧І၁߉ᓑ֣ ᐹ෸Ąט˘ಏͧטᓑ֣ځ൒҃Ă΁ᔘࢋซ˘Վᄲ

ഇĂࢱ 18-19Ą 12 ס Įฏੈį1989 ѐ 12 ཱི͡Ă18ٺͽඊЩᖡ྽ᝋᆷ 35 ፋЪ۞ଣ੅ 33ڼ߆

ॲܠछѣ઼࡚ăΐो̂ăግҘ࣯ă؎̰༄ٛă઼۞טଳᓑ֣ڱϫ݈ጳ ăޘԗă͐Ҙă༄̀ăҘᇇă๸гӀă༄̀ăᛂᓑăݑ೻͈ٛăଥҹăО Ăтטୢᓑ֣ٸॹκֲĄ҃ѣ઼ֱछٕ؃੺ֽҘֲă፫߷ă؉̈́Ӏֲă׶ ᄃ؜ΐٛ˘̶ࠎ˟Ă੺Ӏᄃ๫̰ΐႬ؃Оκᄃ቞ոĂٕߏྋវĂт͐ૄ೻ Ă˜ЯЧгડѣ׎хд۞።ΫຍཌྷĂٕЧડѣטĄ׎̝ٙͽଳᓑ֣ڼ̶۞ ҝ۞߇˿Ğhome landğĂٕ።Ϋ˯۞᏾ᓂاপঅ̼ะဥĞethnic groupğะ̚ ϫ۞טЯ৵ౚ᏾วम҃ඕЪĂ֭՟ѣ˘ؠ۞ਔඛΞೈĄ˘ਠ҃֏Ăଳᓑ֣ дᓑ֣̰ĄޞЧ֣щ͕гڇӱ̂Ăͽᄲعд֨ͤ̚δ߆۞ ෛ఺نĂҭ΁عૺჯလ޽΍έ៉ѣȈ̱ᎩξĂΞҋј˘֣Ъ௡ᓑ֣߆ Җ߆ಏҜߏˠࠎ۞Ă֭ϏၹјЇңѣຍཌྷ۞ѣ፟វĄέ៉Ч̂୉ཏᔵѣֱ ϒቁ̺ઙ΍ڱĂҭனѣҖ߆ಏҜ֭൑ލॿѻࡺٺछ̝މ׎ะ̚߇˿Ăͧт ξڌލкĂاछᄃ᜷ֺĂາѻξࠎ᜷ֺމࠧቢĂͧтॿ๩ѣ۞اЧ୉ཏჸ छᗉĂࡶΐ˯̂ౙᚱ݋˫ՀԛኑᗔĄ˫ᐌ඾ன΃މ๕݋ࠎڌϺ൒Ă҃έ̚ ้۞اᄃ̍ຽ̼۞ซण࿅඀ĂЧ୉ཏӮѣ̢࠹ଂ၆͞۞߇˿ٕ̂ౌξዏ̼ ШĂ఺ֹனѣҖ߆ಏҜ̙׍ЇңຍཌྷĄԧࣇ၁д࠻̙΍ѣЇң྽நࢋ΁ࣇ ർइ༄̀۞ݭёĄ ࿅׎̚˘ีĂᔘΞ౅࿅͌ᇴϔ୉̙טкĂᓑ֣ޝڱ͞۞ۋྋՙ୉ཏ৾ ט᜕ăයࡻ۞ኘҿăٕᓑ༖ĞconsociationğඈඈĄҭԧࣇ̙ͽࠎᓑ֣ܲ۞ ٙϏਕ݀ࢨдனѣҖاΞ̼ྋέ៉۞୉ཏયᗟĂЯࠎт˯ٙ֏ĂЧ୉ཏ۞ Ąاԧࣇֽ˘࣎ૻ࢝ዏଁĂֹЧ୉ཏਕޫޫдЧᎩξ̙҃ࢋ஄ܧ߆ಏҜĂੵ छĂέΔă੼ฯᕩ̂ౙᚱĂ׎΁ᕩ᜷ֺĂΩމᕩ܅ލಶზ̂छТຍॿѻࡺ γГనܲ঻ડගАҝϔĂԧࣇᔘѣ˘࣎યᗟĂள୉ཏ఼૓۰ࢋҝдࣹ྆ĉ Ξఢؠᕩٕͭϓր۞߇˿Ăҭ̙გтңĂனѣȈ̱Ꭹξ඗၆̙ዋᓑٕޠڱ ඕၹĄ֣ Ꭹ۞اķયᗟĂЯࠎ΁ࣇд஄טΞྋՙĶ̂ౙ΃ܑטૺჯလͽࠎᓑ֣ טĂᄃᓑ֣ڱӈΞϡѩᏱט˘ચĂ݋дಏְڼξ̰Ξགྷּͧܲᅪ҃ણᄃҋ ˫ѣң̒ĉ ̶ܲ·ϤЧ࠷΃ܑ௡јĂ˭ੰֶˠ˾ּͧᏴ΍Ă݋Ξੰ˯ז͛̚˫೩ छ୉ཏΪਕᏴ΍ȈЩĂމЧ࠷઄నᏴ׌࣎˯ᛉࣶĂ݋ڍᅪ͌ᇴ୉ཏĄҭߏт ăௐ 3 ഇĞ2020/ࡌ؞ཱིğס Įέ៉઼ᅫࡁտ؞Ώįௐ 16 34

ౙᚱαЩĂ΁ࣇԸைॡ૟ϖᅈົᏮග᜷ֺ୉ཏĞ̙ኢ˯ă˭ੰ࠰൒ğĂ݋̂ ᛉֽ଀׹ྎĄޙ૟̙ᕝĂϖ൑ှ͟Ăࣆ̙тధ͵຿۞ۋңֽܲᅪĉ׎৾ ਕܲᙋྋՙ୉ཏયᗟĂᛂᓑăݑ೻̙ٛטॲፂ͵ࠧЧ઼۞གྷរĂᓑ֣ ෛරˠĂ؜ΐٛ፾ڡ൒̳ฟ̪טăΐो̂۞ইᝥ̙ᅈĄ੺ֽҘֲ۞ᓑ֣͈ Ăᓾޢεୀ˘ּĂ҃ӈֹ༄̀ಶχ࿅̣Ѩ̰ጼĄд˟Ѩ̂ጼטϲ˫ࠎᓑ֣ Jura ҋј˘࣎эĂϤᓾᇇᄬ ޢᄬ۞ Jura ડ۞፾ϲྻજ˘ۡӧᕘ༄̀Ă౵ڱ ༱ី̜ᘽĄܧ֭טұाэ̶ϲĄΞ֍ᓑ֣۞ Ξԯϫ݈۞α৺Җ߆ր௚Լࠎ˟৺Ăซ҃Ξᖎ̼Җטૺჯလ޽΍ᓑ֣ عᄃ࠷߆عδ߆̚ٺ߆͘ᜈĂഴ̳͌ચˠࣶĄྕ൒ϫ݈έ៉۞Җ߆ր௚Ϥ ٙ࡭Ąט˘Яࠎ၁ҖಏܧᝑԖĂҭ఺֭ޏЧ፟ၹߛٺٙᔑгડࢦᝑĂͽ࡭ ྋĂ̙ᅮଳϡᓑ҃˺ܓĂ˯ࢗયᗟӈΞטĂΪࢋᆿੵ࠷৺በ઼ޙ૟ֽέ៉ Ąט֣ ΞԼซˠ˾ะ̚ăϹ఼ăᒖܲඈኜયᗟĄ׎ଯநҬט͛ౢ˫೩̈́ᓑ֣ ૟೩ֻࠁրણ߆፟ົĂซ҃Ξ̼ྋࠁטͼਨதĄТᇹ۞Ăૺჯလܑϯᓑ֣ րયᗟĄ΄ˠ̂ೊ̙ྋĉࠁր۞Ϥֽѣ׎পঅјЯĂӈֹᆧΐГк۞г͞ ĂܜԼࠎэܜனд̙࿅ߏԯξڶĂՀңۋᖚҜĂЧࠁ۞ˠᔘߏࢋܜҖ߆ࢵ Ϥ̂ౙعΪ̙࿅ԯϫ݈̚δ߆טೱ࣎ᐝᅟቪ˞Ăңֽᆧΐણ߆፟ົĉᓑ֣ ΃Ăֹ׎Ξਕֶˠ˾ּͧЇᖚĂҭ఺ΪפछމԼࠎϤ᜷ֺٕڶᚱҫፂ۞ଐ ࢋԼච઼ົඕၹӈΞ྿јĄ Ξͽ಴ࢦ̂ౙᚱ୉ཏ၆઼̚۞ຏଐĂ֭Ξ޽ጱטᓑ֣זĂ͛ౢ೩ޢ౵ ᄃ઼̚׶έ៉۞ᓑ֣ᙯܼטϏֽᄃ઼̚۞ᙯܼĄԧࣇ࠻̙΍ֽέ៉Җᓑ֣ ѣңᙯܼ׸ĉ ბ˘טᓑ֣ܧкĂѣᏥ̂छ۞ംᇊు˘ྋՙĂ඗ޝᓁ̝Ăέ៉۞યᗟ Ξͽྋՙ༱ְĄ

ፋЪ۞ଣ੅ 35ڼ߆

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Models of Political Integration

Cheng-Feng Shih Professor, Department of Indigenous Affairs and Development National Dong Hwa University Shoufeng, Hualien, TAIWAN

Abstract

We shall start with an understanding of the concept of political integration and its theories followed by an introduction of the confederation and commonwealth. We then make efforts to understand of the ideal of multinational federation in Quebec. While refuting the statement that Taiwan is an occupied territory of the American military, we also like to scrutinize China’s along with a review of the union between Tanganyika and Zanzibar. Finally, we will discuss the reactions of Taiwan’s major parties toward Xí Jìnpíng 5 warnings against Taiwan in 2019.

Keywords: political integration, confederation, commonwealth, irredentism, Tanganyika, Zanzibar