T H E T E a M O F P I a N I S
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the team of pianists WORLDSapart Bruch – Concerto for two pianos Works for piano duet, two & three pianos Max Cooke • Robert Chamberlain • Darryl Coote New Monash Orchestra conducted by André de Quadros FRANCIS POULENC (1899-1963) indication that it should be played naïvely. the Tivoli Theatre. The Fantasia on Waltzing Sonata, for piano four hands MC Matilda served appropriately as an overture to a scene in which, as the curtain rose, As a member of the French group of MIRIAM HYDE (1913-2005) one saw ‘a jolly swagman camped by a twentieth-century composers ‘Les Six’, there Fantasia on Waltzing Matilda, arranged for billabong’. Subsequently, she rescored it for was a commitment to ‘shock’ the listeners two pianos full orchestra. She also arranged it for two and to be ‘humorous’. This would not have pianos, piano duet, flute quartet, trio for been difficult for Poulenc. His easy and Miriam Hyde was born in violin, cello and piano, piano solo, and wind intuitive talent could be likened to that of Adelaide. After early studies at the Elder quintet (two flutes, oboe, clarinet, bassoon). Mozart, with his superficial Conservatorium, she travelled to London No other composition of hers has lent itself lightheartedness and brilliance hiding a to study at the Royal College of Music to such a diversity of treatment!” RC deeply-felt emotional content. Being a and the Royal Academy of Music. Upon fine pianist himself, his piano works are her return to Australia she pursued a CLAUDE DEBUSSY (1862-1918) always effective. The formal structure career as a performer and composer. Petite Suite, for piano four hands of many of his compositions, this Sonata During World War Two she taught at the included, shows a composer whose music Elder Conservatorium and after the war Shortly after Debussy returned from is not designed to fit into an imposed moved to Sydney. Highlights of her career Rome in 1888, he composed the Petite Suite. structure, but rather one whose music included performances as soloist in Apparently, five movements were originally evolves naturally within an established both of her own piano concertos with the foreseen, but Debussy later chose to form. The result is that he creates fresh, London Philharmonic Orchestra and the withdraw one of them. He played the Suite imaginative and appealing works, which are London Symphony Orchestra as well as himself with Jacques Durand, son of the easy to comprehend because of the simple regular broadcasts for the ABC. She was famous French publisher, on March 1, 1889, compositional logic. This Sonata can be an examiner, lecturer, and teacher for many and it had been published by Durand one played either as a duet for four hands on years and was still undertaking concert month previously. Later it was arranged for one piano, or on two pianos. engagements into her 85th year. A prolific orchestra by Henri Busser. As with several It is a personal view, that Poulenc, composer, her works cover orchestral, other of Debussy’s works, the Petite Suite like many other musicians, may have been choral, song, chamber and instrumental did not meet significant public acclaim until influenced by the sounds and rhythms of genres and include piano works popular with after he had become known through his train travel. In the first and last movements, many generations of Australian pianists and opera, Pelléas et Mélisande. there seem to be the noises of the wheels students. With its clear harmonic progressions on the rails and of the crossing of points The composer described the and melodic lines, the style of composition in the lines. One can also imagine loud background to her Fantasia on Waltzing in the Suite owes much to the elegance and train whistles in the last movement, and Matilda as follows: “Miriam Hyde returned symmetry of the earlier French clavecinistes, at the end, perhaps the train disappearing from her London studies to her home town, François Couperin and Rameau. The Suite into a tunnel, with the sounds gradually Adelaide, in the year of South Australia’s itself is related to suites of earlier times, fading away. The second movement, on the Centenary, 1936, and was commissioned containing references to dance forms. The other hand, has the character of a simple to write much of the orchestral incidental tone colours and the use of pedal effects children’s song, to which he has given the music for the pageant Heritage, produced at produce textures which are undeniably Romantic, but the balanced death of her father. She studied piano and with lyrical material, before arriving at ternary forms of each movement emanate composition on scholarships in Melbourne a più mosso (faster) section, which ends from an earlier period. and in 1923 she went to London, Vienna and in a headlong rush of energy, leading to The gentle rocking of a boat Paris, where she studied orchestration and a dramatic final agreement between the is portrayed in En Bateau through the composition, returning to Melbourne in 1925. pianos. persistent use of the lilting compound- She was also a fine pianist, but from 1925 to Both pieces were published in 1958 duple rhythm. In Cortège, the sedate onward 1935 she was concerned mainly with raising in Melbourne by Kurrajong Press (now march of the music wonderfully depicts the her young children and was occupied greatly available from Sounds Australian), and retinue of an important personage. Maurice with teaching. After 1935 she became together with Movement for 2 pianos, which Hinson, well-known author and pianist, increasingly active again as a composer and was composed in 1958 but never published, aptly describes Menuet as giving “the performer. She was an ardent supporter of they were orchestrated by Robert Hughes in impression of delicate figurines marching Australian composers and their music and 1964 as Three Temperaments for Orchestra. to the accompaniment of a music box”, was a driving force behind the battle to RC with the coda conveying “the diminishing establish what is now the Victorian Arts sounds of a music box.” Ballet is the most Centre. PERCY GRAINGER (1882-1961) extrovert movement, containing surprising Composed in 1957, Pavan and Molly on the Shore, arranged for two pianos juxtapositions of three-eight Waltz rhythm Canonical Piece are written in a lithe and with the otherwise prevailing two-four transparent style characteristic of much Charles Villiers Stanford had sent metre. DC of her music, which contrasts with the Grainger some folk tunes, two of which form dramatic and rhapsodic complexity of her the basis of Grainger’s arrangement of Molly MARGARET SUTHERLAND (1897-1984) early Sonata for Violin and Piano (1925) on the Shore. Grainger had a flair for taking Pavan, and Canonical Piece, for two pianos or the new directions pursued in her late simple folk tunes and, through innovation piano pieces from 1967-68. The pavan as a and variation, being able to create an Margaret Sutherland was one of dance-type seems to have been a favourite impressive showpiece. the earliest Australian composers whose of Sutherland: her work list shows four The use of variation technique music broke away from dependence on late pavans, of which two are completely lost features prominently in many of Grainger’s nineteenth-century models. Her awareness and one other exists only in manuscript form. works, and here it is used in conjunction of developments in European music after This Pavan is marked “with the elegance with elements of Rondo structure. In Debussy and her highly sensitive musical of a slow dance” and begins misterioso. listening to Molly on the Shore, one can imagination led her to develop a voice It utilises the opening material as an follow the separate tunes, and yet they which is unique and personal, but at times ostinato phrase, contrasting with sections are skilfully woven together to create distinctly Australian. Born in Adelaide in driven by canonical techniques. Particularly an exciting unity. It seems that the first 1897 into an artistic and musical family, characteristic are the constant slow two performances of this work were in a version her family moved to Melbourne when she dance steps per bar and the smooth contours for string quartet, performed in December was very young. Her family background, of the melodic material. In Canonical Piece, 1909 at the home of the von Glehns in surrounded by musicians, writers and marked “urgently”, the two pianos chase Cheyne Walk, and in another version for painters, was rich in artistic ambience but each other through various changes of mood an amateur ladies’ orchestra, performed in difficult financially, especially after the early and texture, contrasting spiky melodies Copenhagen in 1910. Obviously the tunes appealed to Grainger, for he arranged them a completely different attitude, that which in Australia. In 1988-89 he was the for a variety of media: string four-some or allows a sensitive musician who understands Melbourne Symphony Orchestra’s Inaugural string orchestra, full orchestra or theatre the concepts of an earlier composer, to Composer in Residence and he is currently orchestra, solo piano, military band, as well arrange a work for modern instruments and a Associate Professor and Deputy Dean at the as this scintillating version for two pianos, modern concert hall, without obliterating the Faculty of Music, University of Melbourne. begun originally in 1907, but not completed intentions of the initial composition. Broadstock has written a Piano until 1947. Grainger was known for his Terrence Hays became acquainted Concerto (1987) and a number of works for tendency to refer to the art of arrangement with Percy Grainger’s arrangement of solo piano, including In the Silence of Night as “dishing up”, and in fact his manuscript an Organ Toccata by Bach through a (1989), recorded on the TEAM OF PIANISTS’ of the two-piano version bears his statement performance by the TEAM OF PIANISTS.