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Windows Server 2012 R2 Server Management and Automation

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Windows Server 2012 R2 Server Management and Automation Windows Server 2012 R2 Server Management and Automation Published: 15 November 2013 Copyright Information © 2013 Microsoft Corporation. All rights reserved. This document is provided "as-is." Information and views expressed in this document, including URL and other Internet Web site references, may change without notice. Some examples depicted herein are provided for illustration only and are fictitious. No real association or connection is intended or should be inferred. You bear the risk of using it. This document does not provide you with any legal rights to any intellectual property in any Microsoft product. You may copy and use this document for your internal, reference purposes. You may modify this document for your internal, reference purposes. 2 Contents Introduction .................................................................................................................................................. 4 Standards-based approach to management in Windows Server 2012 R2 ................................................. 5 Technical description ............................................................................................................................... 5 Standard API improvements .................................................................................................................... 5 Standard protocols ................................................................................................................................... 6 Standard management tools ................................................................................................................... 8 Simplifying your daily routine tasks with Windows PowerShell .............................................................. 11 Technical description ............................................................................................................................. 11 Robust Session Connectivity ............................................................................................................... 11 Disconnected Sessions ........................................................................................................................ 11 Job scheduling ..................................................................................................................................... 12 Windows PowerShell ISE ..................................................................................................................... 13 Windows PowerShell Workflow ......................................................................................................... 15 Windows PowerShell Web Access ...................................................................................................... 22 Updatable Help ................................................................................................................................... 24 New cmdlets ....................................................................................................................................... 24 Desired State Configuration ................................................................................................................... 25 Defining a configuration ..................................................................................................................... 26 Rules for nesting node and configuration blocks................................................................................ 28 Declaring configuration parameters ................................................................................................... 29 Summary ................................................................................................................................................. 30 Multi-server management and feature deployment with Server Manager ............................................ 31 Technical description ............................................................................................................................. 31 Multiserver experience ....................................................................................................................... 31 Efficient deployment of workloads to a remote server or offline virtual hard disk ........................... 32 Installing roles and features on a remote server or offline virtual hard disk ..................................... 32 Batch deployment ............................................................................................................................... 33 Integration with other management tools ............................................................................................ 33 Server role management across multiple servers .............................................................................. 33 Minimal performance impact ................................................................................................................ 35 Remote Server Admin Tools .................................................................................................................. 35 Summary ................................................................................................................................................. 35 Conclusion .................................................................................................................................................. 36 3 Introduction With Windows Server 2012 R2, Microsoft brings its experience in building and operating public clouds to the server operating system, helping to make it a dynamic, highly available, and cost-effective platform for private clouds. Windows Server 2012 R2 offers businesses and hosting providers a basis for a scalable, dynamic, and multitenant-aware cloud infrastructure that more securely connects across premises and helps IT to respond to business needs faster and more efficiently. Windows Server 2012 R2 offers excellent total cost of ownership (TCO) as an integrated platform with comprehensive, multicomputer manageability. There are three ways in which Windows Server 2012 R2 improves multicomputer management: Standards-based management approach: The focus on industry standards used in Windows Server 2012 R2 enables greater manageability across both Windows and non-Window devices alike. Also, it stretches the manageability to hardware such as network switch and storage. Windows PowerShell 4.0: Based on the comprehensive automation capabilities in PowerShell 3.0, Windows PowerShell 4.0 enhances its ability to automate your daily tasks in a much efficient way to a heterogeneous environment. Server Manager: Server Manager in Windows Server 2012 R2 helps you deploy and manage roles and features on the local server and remote servers, whether physical or virtual. The following sections provide more detail about these features of Windows Server 2012 R2. 4 Standards-based approach to management in Windows Server 2012 R2 Technical description Windows Server 2012 R2 continues to improve the management experience within the datacenter and cloud environment through its enhanced application of standards-based management frameworks. Microsoft Windows has long supported standards-based management and has participated in organizations such as the Distributed Management Task Force (DMTF). These efforts have led to the development of Windows Management Instrumentation (WMI) and Windows Remote Management (WinRM). WMI is the Windows implementation of a Common Information Model (CIM) object manager, and WinRM is the implementation of the Web Services Management (WS-Man) protocol. Both CIM and WS-Man are standards released by the DMTF. Windows Server 2012 R2 enhances the manageability of datacenters through significant improvements in the standards-based infrastructure. It does this by delivering application programming interfaces (APIs) that are easier for developers and IT Pros to use. These APIs provide support for recent standards and add new kinds of Windows PowerShell cmdlets that make it simpler and more cost-effective to connect to and manage multiple servers and devices in the datacenter. Figure 1: Improvements in Windows standards-based management components Standard API improvements Since the release of WMI, the number of management products and tools that consume its providers has steadily grown, but this traditionally has not been matched by a proportional increase in providers. The challenge for developers was that writing a WMI provider required extensive knowledge of Component Object Model (COM) coding. This made writing providers time consuming, and provided little benefit to the developer. In Windows Server 2012 R2, Microsoft introduces the Management Infrastructure APIs for Windows (MI APIs), which greatly simplify the development of new providers and client applications. These new MI APIs are available in both native (C/C++) code and managed (.NET) code for client development, and native code for provider development. The APIs remove the need to do COM coding, and they come with tools that generate code skeletons and schema from the class definition described in a MOF file. This makes provider development much easier and allows developers to spend their time on developing 5 the business logic. A provider written using the new MI APIs can be called from the previous release of WMI, as well as from any non-Windows client application that uses the current DMTF WS-Man standard to connect to the Windows Server 2012 R2 system. In addition, the new MI APIs
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