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Il Confine È Un Fatto Meramente Artificiale Concepito Dall'uomo E Non Dalla Natura E Perciò Soggetto a Mutare Non Solo Il Su
Il confine è un fatto meramente artificiale concepito dall’uomo e non dalla natura e perciò soggetto a mutare non solo il suo tracciato, ma anche il suo valore … Non esiste il confine predeterminato “ab aeterno”, come non esiste il confine statico, immobile al di fuori del tempo. Borders are merely fictitious artifacts conceived by man and not by nature, thus, both their path and significance are subject to change ... There is not a predetermined ‘ab aeterno’ border, as well as no static, immutable and timeless border exists. Giorgio Valussi, Il confine nordorientale d’Italia, 1972, p. 7 Confini nel tempo Un viaggio nella storia dell’Alto Adriatico attraverso le carte geografiche (secoli XVI-XX) Borders through Time A Journey through the History of the Upper Adriatic with Geographical Maps (XVI-XX Century) Orietta Selva Dragan Umek con testi di / with essays by: Franco Cecotti, Sergio Zilli Il volume è stato ideato per la mostra di cartografia antica “Confini nel UNIVERSITÀ DEGLI STUDI DI TRIESTE tempo” tenutasi a Trieste presso Palazzo Costanzi, sala “Umberto Veruda” nel giugno-luglio 2012 a cura di Orietta Selva, Dragan Umek e Sergio Dipartimento di Studi Umanistici (DiSU) Zilli. L’evento espositivo è stato realizzato in occasione del Convegno Internazionale “Borderscape III” diretto da Elena dell’Agnese e Sergio Zilli e promosso dalle Università di Milano Bicocca (Dipartimento di Sociologia e Ricerca Sociale) e di Trieste (Dipartimento di Studi Umanistici). Con la collaborazione di: Si ringraziano: Gian Carlo Bertuzzi, IRSML Friuli -
Venetian Foreign Affairs from 1250 to 1381: the Wars with Genoa and Other External Developments
Venetian Foreign Affairs from 1250 to 1381: The Wars with Genoa and Other External Developments By Mark R. Filip for the Degree of Bachelor of Arts in History College of Liberal Arts and Sciences University of Illinois Urbana, Illinois 1988 Table of Contents Major Topics page Introduction 1 The First and Second Genoese Wars 2 Renewed Hostilities at Ferrara 16 Tiepolo's Attempt at Revolution 22 A New Era of Commercial Growth 25 Government in Territories of the Republic 35 The Black Death and Third ' < 'ioese War 38 Portolungo 55 A Second Attempt at Rcvoiut.on 58 Doge Gradenigo and Peace with Genoa 64 Problems in Hungary and Crete 67 The Beginning of the Contarini Dogcship 77 Emperor Paleologus and the War of Chioggia 87 The Battle of Pola 94 Venetian Defensive Successes 103 Zeno and the Venetian Victory 105 Conclusion 109 Endnotes 113 Annotated Bibliography 121 1 Introduction In the years preceding the War of Chioggia, Venetian foreign affairs were dominated by conflicts with Genoa. Throughout the thirteenth and fourteenth centuries, the two powers often clashed in open hostilities. This antagonism between the cities lasted for ten generations, and has been compared to the earlier rivalry between Rome and Carthage. Like the struggle between the two ancient powers, the Venetian/Gcnoan hatred stemmed from their competitive relationship in maritime trade. Unlike land-based rivals, sea powers cannot be separated by any natural boundary or agree to observe any territorial spheres of influence. Trade with the Levant, a source of great wealth and prosperity for each of the cities, required Venice and Genoa to come into repeated conflict in ports such as Chios, Lajazzo, Acre, and Tyre. -
“Trades” and “Social Membership” Into the Context of Feudal Friulian Society During Late Middle Ages (13Th Century-1511)
Philosophy Study, May 2017, Vol. 7, No. 5, 269-274 doi: 10.17265/2159-5313/2017.05.005 D DAVID PUBLISHING “Trades” and “Social Membership” into the Context of Feudal Friulian Society during Late Middle Ages (13th Century-1511) Marco Sicuro Stradalta Historical Association of Gonars It is a very hard job for historians to keep themselves neutrals in front of the events they find during their studies. It is also difficult to notice the correlations among the different times of the history without falling in anachronistic mistakes. In fact, it is well-known that a historian must be wise and rational when he finds those correlations, because every society has its own characteristics, structures, and mentality. This brief essay focuses on the social structures in a north eastern italic region, which is called Friuli, between the 12th and 16th centuries. In the above mentioned centuries, it is possible to notice an evolution from a feudal ecclesiastical principality, ruled by prince-patriarchs, ecclesiastical institutions and nobility, to a more fluid and dynamic constitution formed by new classes which rose up in times of urban and economic development. But this development struggles to delete the old system, which persisted until the end of 18th century with the arrival of Napoleon. The transition from the Patriarch’s power to Venice’s dominion seems to have created two main consequences: by one hand a more bureaucratic and modern structure of the State, by the other hand a consolidation of the old connections between patrons and clients, consequence of the “modern” feudal system that consolidated its roots in the Late Middle Ages centuries. -
The Friulian Language
The Friulian Language The Friulian Language: Identity, Migration, Culture Edited by Rosa Mucignat The Friulian Language: Identity, Migration, Culture Edited by Rosa Mucignat This book first published 2014 Cambridge Scholars Publishing 12 Back Chapman Street, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE6 2XX, UK British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library Copyright © 2014 by Rosa Mucignat and contributors All rights for this book reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, without the prior permission of the copyright owner. ISBN (10): 1-4438-5817-X, ISBN (13): 978-1-4438-5817-5 TABLE OF CONTENTS List of Illustrations ................................................................................... vii Acknowledgments ................................................................................... viii Introduction ............................................................................................... ix Rosa Mucignat Part I: History and Status Chapter One ................................................................................................ 2 History, Language and Society in Friuli (Thirty Years Later) Fulvio Salimbeni Chapter Two ............................................................................................. 15 Laws for the Protection of the Friulian Language William Cisilino Part II: Language and Culture -
Signs on Printed Topographical Maps, Ca
21 • Signs on Printed Topographical Maps, ca. 1470 – ca. 1640 Catherine Delano-Smith Although signs have been used over the centuries to raw material supplied and to Alessandro Scafi for the fair copy of figure 21.7. My thanks also go to all staff in the various library reading rooms record and communicate information on maps, there has who have been unfailingly kind in accommodating outsized requests for 1 never been a standard term for them. In the Renaissance, maps and early books. map signs were described in Latin or the vernacular by Abbreviations used in this chapter include: Plantejaments for David polysemous general words such as “marks,” “notes,” Woodward, Catherine Delano-Smith, and Cordell D. K. Yee, Planteja- ϭ “characters,” or “characteristics.” More often than not, ments i objectius d’una història universal de la cartografia Approaches and Challenges in a Worldwide History of Cartography (Barcelona: Ins- they were called nothing at all. In 1570, John Dee talked titut Cartogràfic Catalunya, 2001). Many of the maps mentioned in this about features’ being “described” or “represented” on chapter are illustrated and/or discussed in other chapters in this volume maps.2 A century later, August Lubin was also alluding to and can be found using the general index. signs as the way engravers “distinguished” places by 1. In this chapter, the word “sign,” not “symbol,” is used through- “marking” them differently on their maps.3 out. Two basic categories of map signs are recognized: abstract signs (geometric shapes that stand on a map for a geographical feature on the Today, map signs are described indiscriminately by car- ground) and pictorial signs. -
WATER MEMORIES BARCIS WATER MEMORIES Barcis
LORENZO CARDIN . TIZIANA MELLONI MAURIZIO PERTEGATO WATER MEMORIES BARCIS WATER MEMORIES Barcis Lorenzo Cardin, Tiziana Melloni & Maurizio Pertegato Pordenone March 2020 Studio Associato ComunIcare via Meduna, 26- 33170 Pordenone www.studiocomunicare.com © Studio Associato ComunIcare Patronages: Municipality of Barcis Whit the contribution of: WATER MEMORIES BARCIS SUMMARY 1. GEOGRAPHY ........................................................................................................................................................................ 7 The Path of the Dint with three viewpoints ..................................................................... 52 1.1 Barcis & his surroundings ................................................................................................................. 7 Montelonga Hut ..................................................................................................................................................................... 53 1.2 Mountains and creeks ................................................................................................................................... 9 Charcoal Trail ........................................................................................................................................................................... 55 .............................................................................................................................................................................. 1.3 Mountain, pastures and shelters -
Water and Agricultural Production in the Venetian Terra Firma in the Sixteenth and Seventeenth Centuries
5 Chapter 1 Water and Agricultural Production in the Venetian Terra Firma in the Sixteenth and Seventeenth Centuries Irrigation and Land Reclamation It is now generally accepted that, in both ancient and modern societies, the mastery of water – as either a resource or a threat – is one of the essential premises for the establishment of state institutions, with work on irrigation canals and protective dikes influencing social hierarchies and stimulating economic development. No less important a factor in productive activity than land or labour, water has always revealed the interplay of social relations and environment, with development obviously being conditioned by access to this finite resource. Adopting the terminology of Fernand Braudel, one might therefore define the environment as a whole as an ensemble des ensembles in which the various social agents contend for available resources (water undoubtedly being one of the most important), the degree of their success depending upon the relative power they can exert. Hence, water has long been the object of disputes. These range from its purely agricultural use (in irrigation and drainage); its use as a source of power (for the waterwheels drove mills, fulling machines, jacks, paper mills and the whole range of varied machinery that existed in the era preceding the Industrial Revolution); its use as a domestic urban resource (water supplies for cities). If one is to focus exclusively upon agricultural uses, one initial methodological consideration emerges immediately: can one really talk about irrigation in isolation from land reclamation? The notion of ‘integrated land reclamation’ as developed a few decades ago would seem to make it clear that one cannot. -
Settler Colonialism As a Structure: Interpreting Historic Moroccan Actions in Western Sahara
Yale University EliScholar – A Digital Platform for Scholarly Publishing at Yale Library Map Prize Library Prizes April 2019 Settler Colonialism as a Structure: Interpreting Historic Moroccan Actions in Western Sahara Amanda Taheri Follow this and additional works at: https://elischolar.library.yale.edu/library_map_prize Part of the African Studies Commons, Archival Science Commons, Migration Studies Commons, Peace and Conflict Studies Commons, Physical and Environmental Geography Commons, Policy History, Theory, and Methods Commons, Race and Ethnicity Commons, and the Social and Cultural Anthropology Commons Recommended Citation Taheri, Amanda, "Settler Colonialism as a Structure: Interpreting Historic Moroccan Actions in Western Sahara" (2019). Library Map Prize. 4. https://elischolar.library.yale.edu/library_map_prize/4 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Library Prizes at EliScholar – A Digital Platform for Scholarly Publishing at Yale. It has been accepted for inclusion in Library Map Prize by an authorized administrator of EliScholar – A Digital Platform for Scholarly Publishing at Yale. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Settler Colonialism as a Structure: Interpreting Historic Moroccan Actions in Western Sahara A thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Bachelor of the Arts in Ethnicity, Race and Migration Amanda Taheri Yale University Advisor: Professor Wyrtzen Spring 2019 Taheri 1 Table of Contents Acknowledgements 2 Glossary 3 Chronology of -
Early Modern Provincial Identity in the Border Area Between the Venetian Republic and the Hereditary Lands of the Austrian Branch of the House of Habsburg
Early Modern Provincial Identity in the Border Area... NEVA MAKUC Zgodovinski inštitut Milka Kosa ZRC SAZU Nova Gorica, Slovenija Izvorni znanstveni članak UDK: 94(450.36)“16“(091) Early Modern Provincial Identity in the Border Area between the Venetian Republic and the Hereditary Lands of the Austrian Branch of the House of Habsburg This article focuses on some problematics regarding the early modern provincial identity in the area along the border between the Venetian Republic and the hereditary lands of the Austrian branch of the House of Habsburg. The Friulian provincial identity is studied in the context of the internal conflicts in the Fri- ulian society and the conflict between the Venetian Republic and the House of Habsburg (for example anti-Venetian sentiment of the Friulian feudal nobility, which was expressed mostly in indirect ways, but the most revealing are private historiographical documents). Keywords: Venetian Republic, House of Habsburg, provincial identity, early modern period, Friuli, County of Gorizia In the early modern period, the area along the border1 between the Venetian Repub- lic and the hereditary lands of the Austrian branch of the House of Habsburg, was marked by a specific historical development in which the idiosyncrasies of the Mediter- ranean intertwined with those of the continental world and in which the elements of the Italian, Slavic and German cultures blended together. The Habsburg-Venetian bor- der influenced the everyday life of the local inhabitants. Border areas are characterized by encounters, exchanges and contaminations with cultural differences, specific rituals of the authorities and illegal practices.2 In these often marginal areas (understood in their geographical as well as in social, cultural, economic, linguistic, etc. -
IL FRIULI E LA VENEZIA GIULIA Secondo Graziadio Isaia Ascoli
IL FRIULI E LA VENEZIA GIULIA secondo Graziadio Isaia Ascoli INCOMPATIBILITÀ TRA NAZIONALISMO E REGIONALISMO Golaine di Studis sul Autonomisim 20 Graziadio Isaia Ascoli IL FRIULI E LA VENEZIA GIULIA secondo Graziadio Isaia Ascoli Il Friuli, patria di Ascoli Più ampia, e popolosa molto più che non sia la sezione d’occidente o la centrale, resta la sezione orientale della zona ladina, che è dei territorj friulani; e io mi vi accosto col sentimento di chi rivede, dopo lunga assenza, la patria. Il Friuli naturale (come lo soglion dire per distinguerlo dall’amministrativo, che è la provincia di Udine)*, conterminato a settentrione dalle Alpi Carniche e a mezzogiorno dall’Adriatico, ha per limiti di ponente l’orlo orientale dell’alto bacino del Piave e la Livenza, e protende a levante il suo confi ne nel versante orientale del bacino dell’Isonzo. Detratti quanti rimangono di lingua slava a oriente, i pochi Tedeschi al nord, e i non pochi di lingua veneta nella regione littoranea e pur nel bacino dell’alta Livenza, ancora sono, in questa distesa di terra, non meno di 450.000 abitatori, la cui favella materna è l’idioma friulano. Ma era friulana anche Trieste; ed è recente la vittoria che il veneto vi ha riportato sul ladino, né ancora è spento il parlar friulano nella vicina Muggia. Graziadio Isaia Ascoli Archivio glottologico italiano, Roma, Torino, Firenze, Ermanno Loescher 1973, pag. 474. * La Provincia di Udine comprendeva allora il territorio dell’attuale Provincia di Pordenone, ma non il mandamento di Portogruaro, in Provincia di Venezia dal 1838, e la Valcanale (da Pontebba in sù), incorporata nel 1923. -
The Maritime Jurisdiction Ofan
FROM THE DESERT TO THE SEA: THE MARITIME JURISDICTION OF AN INDEPENDENT WESTERN SAHARA Thesis Master of Laws in International Law Submitted by Jeffrey J. Smith April 29, 2010 © 2010 Jeffrey J. Smith http://fletcher.tufts.edu ABSTRACT Western Sahara is the last colonial territory in Africa. Its people have been unable to realize their right of self-determination since the former colonial power, Spain, ceded the territory to Mauritania and Morocco in 1975. The presumptive maritime or ocean jurisdiction of an independent Western Sahara, formally known as the Saharawi Arab Democratic Republic (the SADR), is examined. The analysis begins with the history of the territory’s creation, the establishment of its land boundaries in the colonial era and its natural resources. The events relating to the territory’s stalled decolonization are then canvassed. The current maritime jurisdictional claims of States in the Saharan Atlantic region are considered, together with continuing fisheries uses in Saharan waters, as well as the results of the 2009 enactment of the author’s ocean jurisdiction legislation for the SADR. The law of maritime delimitation, which includes the 1982 United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea, decisions of the International Court of Justice and other tribunals, and state practice, is reviewed and applied to determine the likely or probable maritime jurisdiction of the SADR, including its territorial sea, contiguous zone, exclusive economic zone and continental shelf. Issues concerning a possible claim to the extended continental shelf are addressed. Conclusions about maritime jurisdictional areas (or zones) are given in a series of purpose-drawn maps showing the SADR’s likely maritime boundaries. -
Carte Geografiche Della Biblioteca Statale Isontina E Della Biblioteca Civica Di Gorizia
Carte geografiche della Biblioteca statale isontina e della Biblioteca civica di Gorizia Catalogo provvisorio A cura di Claudio Caltana 1. aggiornamento: agosto 2008 Il presente catalogo è finalizzato al servizio al pubblico. Non è consentita la sua riproduzione, anche parziale, e la sua diffusione Secolo XVI 1563 Carte geografiche 82 La noua descrittione di tutta la patria del Friuli / diligentissimamente esposta per m. Pyrrho Ligorio napolitano con priuilegio del sommo Pont. et del Senato ve.t. per anni diece ; Sebastiano di Re da Chioggia intagliaua in rame. - [Scala 1:290.000 ca.]. - In Roma : con le forme di m. Michele Tramezzino, 1563. 1 c. geogr. : calcogr. ; 40x69 cm su foglio atl. Bibliothèque nationale de France, Opac (FRBNF40609807); British Library, Opac (Maps C.7.e.1.(85.) / Maps K.Top.79.1.); Theatrum Adriae. Dalle Alpi all'Adriatico nella cartografia del passato (secoli X-XVIII) ... [A cura di] Luciano Lago. Trieste, Edizioni LINT, 1989, p. 89-94, 251; Lago, Luciano. Theatrum Fori Iulii. La Patria del Friuli ed i territori finitimi nella cartografia antica sino a tutto il secolo XVIII. [Di] Luciano Lago, Claudio Rossit. 1: I documenti premaginiani. Trieste, Edizioni LINT, 1988, p. 109-116, 197-198, n. 33; Cucagna, Alessandro. Il Friuli e la Venezia Giulia nelle principali carte geografiche regionali dei secoli XVI, XVII e XVIII. Trieste, Istituto di geografia dell'Università, 1964, p. 88-95, n. 34; Marussi, Antonio. Saggio storico di cartografia giuliana dai primordi al secolo XVIII. Trieste, sotto gli auspici della Società alpina delle Giulie. Sezione di Trieste del Club alpino italiano, [1946], p.