Acheng, , N, N Aisin Gioro Puyi, Alai

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

Acheng, , N, N Aisin Gioro Puyi, Alai INDEX Acheng, -/, -.n, )1n Braester, Yomi, -0-, -0/n, -0.n, )*0 Aisin Gioro Puyi, -.1 Brooks, Peter, -/0, -.- Alai, -), -:, 0+, -*+, --1–-:-, ):), )::. Works: “Bloodstains of the Cai Rong, )/ Past” (Jiunian de xueji), --1–--.; Cao Juren, -1* “The Eternal Galo” (Yongyuan Cao Wenxuan, )-n, 0: de Galo), --/–--.; Red Poppies Cao Xueqin, 0*, -1) (Chen’ai luoding), -)*–-:- Chan, Shelley W., ;0–;1, -.*–-.- amnesia, --/, -)0, -0), -11, )*:, Chang, Eileen, -1*, -1), -10. Works: ):;; and aphasia, -), )::. See also “Chinese Life and Fashions,” -1/; memory “Sealed O,” (Fengsuo), -1+n anamnesis, -:0, -0;. See also memory Chen Jianguo, )*; aphasia, +:, /*, .., -)1, ):;. See also Chen Kaige, ):0 amnesia; language Chen Mengjia, )+), )+:n, )+0 Arendt, Hannah, -/1, ):* Chen Sihe, .–-*, )*, ::, +0n, ;:–;;, Aristotle, ) -0+n Armstrong, Nancy, and Leonard Chen Xiaoming, -+1n Tennenhouse, -/1 Chen Youliang, )-/–)-. Chen Zhongshi, ); Bakhtin, M.M., -.;, ):+n Chinese Communist Party (CCP), Barmé, Geremie R., -;. 1, :1, ;-–;:, ;/, 0), -*0, --:, -;), Barthes, Roland, --n, +-, 1/, -**n, -11, ):: -/*, -.+ Chou Ying-hsiung, +0n, +1, ;+ bastardy, ;/–0+, ):+; bastard hero, Chow, Rey, /1, ./, -*- -:, ;:, 0*–0-, 0+, ):+ Chow, Tse-tsung, 0n Bei Cun, ):0 Chu culture, -/, )0n, )/–). Beijing, -:, -*-, -)-, -:0, -;/–-0:, city, --, -:–-+, ;:n, ;+, 1)–1+, -::– -/+, ):; -;/, -00, -1*, -/-, -/:–-/+, -.)n, Benjamin, Walter, -**, -1;, -1., )).– -.+. See also Beijing; country; sex; ):*, ):1 Shanghai; Singapore Bersani, Leo, and Ulysse Dutoit, Confucianism, -., )1, 00, -*-–-*), -//, )-+ -+;, ):/, )+1 Bhabha, Homi K., -);, -)0n, -). country, --, -:–-+, :), ;:n, /-, -::– body: human, --, -+, ;+, ;1, 0-–0), -+), -+/–-;:, -0*, -0:, -/-–-/+. .1, -*1, --*–---, -:*, -+/–-+., See also city -;1, -1/, -/;–-/0, -//, -.*–-.;, Creel, Herrlee Glessner, ):.–)+- )*-–)*), )*/–)*., )--, )-:–)-;, Cui Shuqin, -0: ))-, ))0–))1, ):), ):;; textual, --, Cultural Revolution, /, -:, -1–-/, -+, -//, )-+–))1, ):), ):;. See also )), );n, :+–:;, +-–+), ;+, ;/, 0:, food; sex 1:–1+, 10, .+–.;, -*., ---, -:0, )1) "%7'2 -;;–-0*, -0:, -00–-0., -1/–-/), -/.–-.*, -.)–-.:, -.;–-.0, )**, -/+, -.), )*)–)*:, )*0, )-: )*/–)*.; and sex, -+, )-, -+*, -.:, )**, ))-. See also body Dai Jinhua, -::, -:;, -0*, -0., -/:, Foucault, Michel, -;-–-;), -.+–-.;, )*0 )-+, )): Dalai Lama, -*0, --1, -)-–-)), -); French, Patrick, --; Darwinism, 0–1, )1, ):*, )+0. See also Freud, Sigmund, /+, -:+, -+:, -;1, evolution -01, -.:–-.+, -./, )** De Certeau, Michel, ), /+, -/;, ))0, Fromm, Erich, ;. ):* decadence, -:, -:;–-:/, -;+. See also Gadamer, Hans-Georg, + nostalgia Gao Xingjian, -+- Deng Xiaoping, -, 1, ., -+, -1, -., Ge Fei, -)–-+, )+–);, 0+, -*+, --:– +:, ;:, /-, .+, -*:, -::, -0., --1, -:*, -//, )-+, )-1–))0, ):), ):+ ):0. Works: “Encounter” (Xiang- dialect, );, :-, :0, :., +:, 1:, -**, yu), -*–--, --:–--1, -:-, ))+–))0; -)*, -)1; vs. Mandarin (Putong- “Green Yellow” (Qinghuang), hua), -), +*, +:, 0+, -:0, ):;. See )-/–))*; “The Lost Boat” (Mi also idiolect; language zhou), ))-–))+; “The New Year” diaspora, 0;, 0/, .*, -**–-*-, -+:; (Danian), ))*–))-; “Prognostica- diasporic discourse, --, -:, 01, 1., tion Chart” (Tuibei tu), ):0 -)), ):), ):;. See also exile Genghis Khan, 1;, 11 Dirlik, Arif, 1n Gladney, Dru C., 1., /*n, /0, .;n, .1n, ./n e,ective history, +, -;- Goldblatt, Howard, ;*n, )*/–)*. escapism, -+-, -+;–-+1, -/). See also Greenblatt, Stephen, ))n, ):n exile; nostalgia Gu Hua: Hibiscus Town (Furong- everyday life, -:, -;+, -1;–-1/, -/)– zhen), -;., )*: -/:, )-:–)-+, )+: Guo Moruo, 1 evolution (jinhua), )1–)/, ):+; Marx- ist, -*.. See also Darwinism; pro- Han Bangqing: Flowers of Shanghai gressionism; revolution (Haishang hua liezhuan), -1* exile, :*, 0;–01, 1), 10, /.–.*, -**, Han Shaogong, -), -/–)*, );–+:, -)-, -:+, -+)–-+:, )):; exilic ;:, 0:–0+, ):)–)::. Works: A discourse, 0.. See also diaspora; Dictionary of Maqiao (Maqiao escapism cidian), );, :-–+:, 0+; “Pa Pa Pa” (Ba ba ba), );–:-, 0+. See famine. See food also root-seeking literature (xungen Fang Fang, -+0–-+1 wenxue) fashion, -10 Hershatter, Gail, ; Feuerwerker, Yi-tsi Mei, )0, )/, :*, historical fiction, )–:, ;, /, -*, +1–+/ 0+, -:-, ):+, ):0. See also new fiction (xiaoshuo): traditional Chi- historical fiction; revolutionary nese conception of, ;–0. See also historical fiction metafiction historiography, :–;, -), +1, -0+, -01, food, );, ;0, -*/, --/, -1;, -//–-.0; ):0, ):/; alimentary, -.)–-.;; and famine, ;), ;., /1, -:/, -;*, alternative, -;, -1-; anachronis-.
Recommended publications
  • Submitted for the Phd Degree at the School of Oriental and African Studies, University of London
    THE CHINESE SHORT STORY IN 1979: AN INTERPRETATION BASED ON OFFICIAL AND NONOFFICIAL LITERARY JOURNALS DESMOND A. SKEEL Submitted for the PhD degree at the School of Oriental and African Studies, University of London 1995 ProQuest Number: 10731694 All rights reserved INFORMATION TO ALL USERS The quality of this reproduction is dependent upon the quality of the copy submitted. In the unlikely event that the author did not send a com plete manuscript and there are missing pages, these will be noted. Also, if material had to be removed, a note will indicate the deletion. uest ProQuest 10731694 Published by ProQuest LLC(2017). Copyright of the Dissertation is held by the Author. All rights reserved. This work is protected against unauthorized copying under Title 17, United States C ode Microform Edition © ProQuest LLC. ProQuest LLC. 789 East Eisenhower Parkway P.O. Box 1346 Ann Arbor, Ml 48106- 1346 A b s t ra c t The short story has been an important genre in 20th century Chinese literature. By its very nature the short story affords the writer the opportunity to introduce swiftly any developments in ideology, theme or style. Scholars have interpreted Chinese fiction published during 1979 as indicative of a "change" in the development of 20th century Chinese literature. This study examines a number of short stories from 1979 in order to determine the extent of that "change". The first two chapters concern the establishment of a representative database and the adoption of viable methods of interpretation. An important, although much neglected, phenomenon in the make-up of 1979 literature are the works which appeared in so-called "nonofficial" journals.
    [Show full text]
  • Inscriptional Records of the Western Zhou
    INSCRIPTIONAL RECORDS OF THE WESTERN ZHOU Robert Eno Fall 2012 Note to Readers The translations in these pages cannot be considered scholarly. They were originally prepared in early 1988, under stringent time pressures, specifically for teaching use that term. Although I modified them sporadically between that time and 2012, my final year of teaching, their purpose as course materials, used in a week-long classroom exercise for undergraduate students in an early China history survey, did not warrant the type of robust academic apparatus that a scholarly edition would have required. Since no broad anthology of translations of bronze inscriptions was generally available, I have, since the late 1990s, made updated versions of this resource available online for use by teachers and students generally. As freely available materials, they may still be of use. However, as specialists have been aware all along, there are many imperfections in these translations, and I want to make sure that readers are aware that there is now a scholarly alternative, published last month: A Source Book of Ancient Chinese Bronze Inscriptions, edited by Constance Cook and Paul Goldin (Berkeley: Society for the Study of Early China, 2016). The “Source Book” includes translations of over one hundred inscriptions, prepared by ten contributors. I have chosen not to revise the materials here in light of this new resource, even in the case of a few items in the “Source Book” that were contributed by me, because a piecemeal revision seemed unhelpful, and I am now too distant from research on Western Zhou bronzes to undertake a more extensive one.
    [Show full text]
  • Journal of Current Chinese Affairs
    3/2006 Data Supplement PR China Hong Kong SAR Macau SAR Taiwan CHINA aktuell Journal of Current Chinese Affairs Data Supplement People’s Republic of China, Hong Kong SAR, Macau SAR, Taiwan ISSN 0943-7533 All information given here is derived from generally accessible sources. Publisher/Distributor: Institute of Asian Affairs Rothenbaumchaussee 32 20148 Hamburg Germany Phone: (0 40) 42 88 74-0 Fax:(040)4107945 Contributors: Uwe Kotzel Dr. Liu Jen-Kai Christine Reinking Dr. Günter Schucher Dr. Margot Schüller Contents The Main National Leadership of the PRC LIU JEN-KAI 3 The Main Provincial Leadership of the PRC LIU JEN-KAI 22 Data on Changes in PRC Main Leadership LIU JEN-KAI 27 PRC Agreements with Foreign Countries LIU JEN-KAI 30 PRC Laws and Regulations LIU JEN-KAI 34 Hong Kong SAR Political Data LIU JEN-KAI 36 Macau SAR Political Data LIU JEN-KAI 39 Taiwan Political Data LIU JEN-KAI 41 Bibliography of Articles on the PRC, Hong Kong SAR, Macau SAR, and on Taiwan UWE KOTZEL / LIU JEN-KAI / CHRISTINE REINKING / GÜNTER SCHUCHER 43 CHINA aktuell Data Supplement - 3 - 3/2006 Dep.Dir.: CHINESE COMMUNIST Li Jianhua 03/07 PARTY Li Zhiyong 05/07 The Main National Ouyang Song 05/08 Shen Yueyue (f) CCa 03/01 Leadership of the Sun Xiaoqun 00/08 Wang Dongming 02/10 CCP CC General Secretary Zhang Bolin (exec.) 98/03 PRC Hu Jintao 02/11 Zhao Hongzhu (exec.) 00/10 Zhao Zongnai 00/10 Liu Jen-Kai POLITBURO Sec.-Gen.: Li Zhiyong 01/03 Standing Committee Members Propaganda (Publicity) Department Hu Jintao 92/10 Dir.: Liu Yunshan PBm CCSm 02/10 Huang Ju 02/11
    [Show full text]
  • The Role of Translation in the Nobel Prize in Literature : a Case Study of Howard Goldblatt's Translations of Mo Yan's Works
    Lingnan University Digital Commons @ Lingnan University Theses & Dissertations Department of Translation 3-9-2016 The role of translation in the Nobel Prize in literature : a case study of Howard Goldblatt's translations of Mo Yan's works Yau Wun YIM Follow this and additional works at: https://commons.ln.edu.hk/tran_etd Part of the Applied Linguistics Commons, and the Translation Studies Commons Recommended Citation Yim, Y. W. (2016). The role of translation in the Nobel Prize in literature: A case study of Howard Goldblatt's translations of Mo Yan's works (Master's thesis, Lingnan University, Hong Kong). Retrieved from http://commons.ln.edu.hk/tran_etd/16/ This Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by the Department of Translation at Digital Commons @ Lingnan University. It has been accepted for inclusion in Theses & Dissertations by an authorized administrator of Digital Commons @ Lingnan University. Terms of Use The copyright of this thesis is owned by its author. Any reproduction, adaptation, distribution or dissemination of this thesis without express authorization is strictly prohibited. All rights reserved. THE ROLE OF TRANSLATION IN THE NOBEL PRIZE IN LITERATURE: A CASE STUDY OF HOWARD GOLDBLATT’S TRANSLATIONS OF MO YAN’S WORKS YIM YAU WUN MPHIL LINGNAN UNIVERSITY 2016 THE ROLE OF TRANSLATION IN THE NOBEL PRIZE IN LITERATURE: A CASE STUDY OF HOWARD GOLDBLATT’S TRANSLATIONS OF MO YAN’S WORKS by YIM Yau Wun 嚴柔媛 A thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Degree of Master of Philosophy in Translation LINGNAN UNIVERSITY 2016 ABSTRACT The Role of Translation in the Nobel Prize in Literature: A Case Study of Howard Goldblatt’s Translations of Mo Yan’s Works by YIM Yau Wun Master of Philosophy The purpose of this thesis is to explore the role of the translator and translation in the Nobel Prize in Literature through an illustration of the case of Howard Goldblatt’s translations of Mo Yan’s works.
    [Show full text]
  • Download File
    On the Periphery of a Great “Empire”: Secondary Formation of States and Their Material Basis in the Shandong Peninsula during the Late Bronze Age, ca. 1000-500 B.C.E Minna Wu Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in the Graduate School of Arts and Sciences COLUMIBIA UNIVERSITY 2013 @2013 Minna Wu All rights reserved ABSTRACT On the Periphery of a Great “Empire”: Secondary Formation of States and Their Material Basis in the Shandong Peninsula during the Late Bronze-Age, ca. 1000-500 B.C.E. Minna Wu The Shandong region has been of considerable interest to the study of ancient China due to its location in the eastern periphery of the central culture. For the Western Zhou state, Shandong was the “Far East” and it was a vast region of diverse landscape and complex cultural traditions during the Late Bronze-Age (1000-500 BCE). In this research, the developmental trajectories of three different types of secondary states are examined. The first type is the regional states established by the Zhou court; the second type is the indigenous Non-Zhou states with Dong Yi origins; the third type is the states that may have been formerly Shang polities and accepted Zhou rule after the Zhou conquest of Shang. On the one hand, this dissertation examines the dynamic social and cultural process in the eastern periphery in relation to the expansion and colonization of the Western Zhou state; on the other hand, it emphasizes the agency of the periphery during the formation of secondary states by examining how the polities in the periphery responded to the advances of the Western Zhou state and how local traditions impacted the composition of the local material assemblage which lay the foundation for the future prosperity of the regional culture.
    [Show full text]
  • Ideology of Power and Power of Ideology in Early China
    iii Ideology of Power and Power of Ideology in Early China Edited by Yuri Pines Paul R. Goldin Martin Kern LEIDEN | BOSTON For use by the Author only | © 2015 Koninklijke Brill NV ContentsContents v Contents Contents v Acknowledgments vii List of Contributors viii Introduction Ideology and Power in Early China 1 Yuri Pines Part One The Foundations: Unity, Heaven, and Ancestral Models 1 Representations of Regional Diversity during the Eastern Zhou Dynasty 31 Paul R. Goldin 2 Omens and Politics: The Zhou Concept of the Mandate of Heaven as Seen in the Chengwu 程寤 Manuscript 49 Luo Xinhui 羅新慧 3 Long Live The King! The Ideology of Power between Ritual and Morality in the Gongyang zhuan 公羊傳 69 Joachim Gentz 4 Language and the Ideology of Kingship in the “Canon of Yao” 118 Martin Kern Part Two Textual Battles: Rulers, Ministers, and the People 5 Monarch and Minister: The Problematic Partnership in the Building of Absolute Monarchy in the Han Feizi 韓非子 155 Romain Graziani 6 The Changing Role of the Minister in the Warring States: Evidence from the Yanzi chunqiu 晏子春秋 181 Scott Cook 7 Ideologies of the Peasant and Merchant in Warring States China 211 Roel Sterckx 8 Population Records from Liye: Ideology in Practice 249 Charles Sanft For use by the Author only | © 2015 Koninklijke Brill NV vi Contents Epilogue Ideological Authority in China: Past and Present 9 Political and Intellectual Authority: The Concept of the “Sage-Monarch” and Its Modern Fate 273 Liu Zehua 劉澤華 Bibliography 301 Index 337 Contents Contents v Acknowledgments vii List of Contributors
    [Show full text]
  • Inventing Chinese Modernism: the Art and Design of Pang Xunqin
    INVENTING CHINESE MODERNISM: THE ART AND DESIGN OF PANG XUNQIN (HIUNKIN PANG), 1930s-1940s by YINXUE CHEN A THESIS Presented to the Department of the History of Art and Architecture and the Graduate School of the University of Oregon in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts June 2019 THESIS APPROVAL PAGE Student: Yinxue Chen Title: Inventing Chinese Modernism: The Art and Design of Pang Xunqin (Hiunkin Pang), 1930s-1940s This thesis has been accepted and approved in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Master of Arts degree in the Department of the History of Art and Architecture by: Jenny Lin Chairperson Joyce Cheng Member Akiko Walley Member and Janet Woodruff-Borden Vice Provost and Dean of the Graduate School Original approval signatures are on file with the University of Oregon Graduate School. Degree awarded June 2019 ii © 2019 Yinxue Chen This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike (United States) License. iii THESIS ABSTRACT Yinxue Chen Master of Arts Department of the History of Art and Architecture June 2019 Title: Inventing Chinese Modernism: The Art and Design of Pang Xunqin (Hiunkin Pang), 1930s-1940s As one of the first Chinese modernist artists to study painting in Paris in the 1920s, Pang Xunqin’s art and design projects were profoundly influenced by both Western European and Chinese aesthetics. From the 1930s to 1940s, his output shifted from cosmopolitan Shanghai-based paintings to Guizhou Miao ethnic paintings to traditional Chinese and Art Deco-influenced industrial designs. Integrating historical context, Pang Xunqin’s biography, and stylistic analyses, this thesis interprets how the artist’s work transformed through particular social and political upheavals, including the Second Sino- Japanese War (1937-1945) and conflicts between vying political parties in China.
    [Show full text]
  • The Syntactic Style of Cultural Revolution Literature
    This is a repository copy of The Syntactic Style of Cultural Revolution Literature. White Rose Research Online URL for this paper: http://eprints.whiterose.ac.uk/128290/ Version: Published Version Article: Yang, L (2016) The Syntactic Style of Cultural Revolution Literature. Journal of the British Association for Chinese Studies, 5. ISSN 2048-0601 Reuse Items deposited in White Rose Research Online are protected by copyright, with all rights reserved unless indicated otherwise. They may be downloaded and/or printed for private study, or other acts as permitted by national copyright laws. The publisher or other rights holders may allow further reproduction and re-use of the full text version. This is indicated by the licence information on the White Rose Research Online record for the item. Takedown If you consider content in White Rose Research Online to be in breach of UK law, please notify us by emailing [email protected] including the URL of the record and the reason for the withdrawal request. [email protected] https://eprints.whiterose.ac.uk/ Journal of the British Association for Chinese Studies, Vol. 5 January 2016 ISSN 2048-0601 © British Association for Chinese Studies The Syntactic Style of Cultural Revolution Literature Lan Yang University of Leeds Abstract This paper investigates the language of official literature produced during the Cultural Revolution (CR), concentrating on linguo-stylistic characteristics of sentences, relating to length, rhyming, parallelism, quotation and grammaticality. By demonstrating the intended syntactic features, it aims to explore the language’s aesthetic and stylistic characteristics and functions. A comparative perspective is made of the CR literary language with that of pre-CR and post-CR literature.
    [Show full text]
  • New Discovery of Rock Art and Megalithic Sites in the Central Plain of China
    Rock Art Research 2012 - Volume 29, Number 2, pp. 157-170. TANG H. 157 KEYWORDS: Cupule – Rock art – Megalith – Cross-dating – Central Plain of China NEW DISCOVERY OF ROCK ART AND MEGALITHIC SITES IN THE CENTRAL PLAIN OF CHINA Tang Huisheng Abstract. Since the turn of this century, an immense amount of rock art has been discovered in Henan Province (located in the Central Plains region of China), centred at Mt Juci. Over 90 percent of the rock art consists of cupules and the remainder comprises linear groove patterns, chessboard-like designs and other motifs. The rock art features mainly ground motifs and patterns chiselled by metal tools. There are a variety of cupules, varying in size, depth and arrangement, e.g. occurring in rows, concentric patterns and so on. Rock art was executed on over 10 000 boulders, some of which could be classified as megalithic sites, such as menhirs, dolmen, ‘stone altars’ and the like. The cupules and the megaliths from the Central Plains region appear to show a structural context, which will help us to understand and identify their cultural nature, contents and ages. Based on cross-dating, their production could be considered as spanning the Neolithic and the Bronze Age. Since the turn of this century, a large quantity of a considerable surprise — not only to rock art studies, rock art has been discovered at Mt Juci, in Henan Pro- but also to archaeological studies and studies of early vince (located in the Central Plains region of China), Chinese history. Herein, we introduce the rock art of which has captured public attention and stimulated the Central Plain based on information mainly from Mt extensive interest in rock art studies.
    [Show full text]
  • Rendering the Regional
    Rendering the Regional Rendering the Regional LOCAL LANGUAGE IN CONTEMPORARY CHINESE MEDIA Edward M.Gunn University of Hawai`i Press Honolulu Publication of this book was aided by the Hull Memorial Publication Fund of Cornell University. ( 2006 University of Hawai`i Press All rights reserved Printed in the United States of America 111009080706654321 Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Gunn, Edward M. Rendering the regional : local language in contemporary Chinese media / Edward M. Gunn. p. cm. Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 0-8248-2883-6 (alk. paper) 1. Language and cultureÐChina. 2. Language and cultureÐTaiwan. 3. Popular cultureÐChina. 4. Popular cultureÐTaiwan. I. Title. P35.5.C6G86 2005 306.4400951Ðdc22 2005004866 University of Hawai`i Press books are printed on acid-free paper and meet the guidelines for permanence and durability of the Council on Library Resources. Designed by University of Hawai`i Press Production Staff Printed by The Maple-Vail Book Manufacturing Group Contents List of Maps and Illustrations /vi Acknowledgments / vii A Note on Romanizations /ix Introduction / 1 1 (Im)pure Culture in Hong Kong / 17 2 Polyglot Pluralism and Taiwan / 60 3 Guilty Pleasures on the Mainland Stage and in Broadcast Media / 108 4 Inadequacies Explored: Fiction and Film in Mainland China / 157 Conclusion: The Rhetoric of Local Languages / 204 Notes / 211 Sources Cited / 231 Index / 251 ±v± List of Maps and Illustrations Figure 1. Map showing distribution of Sinitic (Han) Languages / 2 Figure 2. Map of locations cited in the text / 6 Figure 3. The Hong Kong ®lm Cageman /42 Figure 4. Illustrated romance and pornography in Hong Kong / 46 Figure 5.
    [Show full text]
  • Three Debates on the Historicity of the Xia Dynasty
    Journal of chinese humanities 5 (2019) 78-104 brill.com/joch Faithful History or Unreliable History: Three Debates on the Historicity of the Xia Dynasty Chen Minzhen 陳民鎮 Assistant Researcher, Beijing Language and Culture University, China [email protected] Translated by Carl Gene Fordham Abstract Three debates on the historicity of the Xia dynasty [ca. 2100-1600 BCE] have occurred, spanning the 1920s and 1930s, the late 1900s and early 2000s, and recent years. In the first debate, Gu Jiegang 顧頡剛 [1893-1980], Wang Guowei 王國維 [1877-1927], and Xu Xusheng 徐旭生 [1888-1976] pioneered three avenues for exploring the history of the Xia period. The second debate unfolded in the context of the Doubting Antiquity School [Yigupai 疑古派] and the Believing Antiquity School [Zouchu yigu 走出疑古] and can be considered a continuation of the first debate. The third debate, which is steadily increasing in influence, features the introduction of new materials, methods, and perspectives and is informed by research into the origins of Chinese civilization, a field that is now in a phase of integration. Keywords doubting antiquity – faithful history – unreliable history – Xia dynasty The question of the historicity of the Xia dynasty [ca. 2100-1600 BCE] may be considered from two perspectives. First, did the Xia dynasty exist? Second, on the whole, are the accounts relating to the Xia dynasty as recorded in ancient texts reliable? This perspective tends to center upon the veracity of the his- torical events involving Yu the Great 大禹. Different people at different
    [Show full text]
  • 'Bang' As the Community Administrative Organization in The
    Special Section ‘Aspects of Ancient and Medieval State Formation’ ‘Bang’ as the Community Administrative Organization in the Chinese Early States Shen Changyun Hebei Normal University ABSTRACT It is widely accepted by scholars from China and overseas that China has entered the phase of state in Xia, Shang, and Zhou dynasties (though some foreign scholars do not acknowledge the existence of Xia dynasty). However, they were best categorized as early states, since they held some vestiges of pre-state. Specifically, kinships and corre- spondent organizations adopted from primitive clan society still played important and expansive functions, which was imprinted on the com- munity administrative organizations of the three dynasties and reflected in the management and manipulation of the state over these organiza- tions. ‘Bang’ (chiefdom), inherited from clan society, was the unit of the community administrative organization in that era. The central man- agement over chiefdoms was a ‘ji fu’ (or ‘fu’) system, which, based on differences in consanguinity, stipulated and distributed a gradient of obligations to ‘inner and outer domains’ (see part 3 and 4). It was clearly different from the region-based family registry system developed in mature states in the Warring States period, and Qin and Han dynas- ties. The following passages will explore relevant historical records and provide a detailed analysis on the community administrative organiza- tion in Chinese early states. ‘THE LAND UNDER HEAVEN’ WITH MYRIAD CHIEFDOMS People in the three dynasties named their states as the ‘tian xia’ (the land under heaven), which comprised ‘zhong yang’ (the center) and ‘si fang’ (the four quarters). ‘Tian xia’ was formed by many ‘bang’ Social Evolution & History, Vol.
    [Show full text]