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ACTIVITY SHEET - the LAST DAYS of POMPEII INTRODUCTION the Greatness of the Roman Empire Was Evident in Its Marvelous Cities

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ACTIVITY SHEET - the LAST DAYS of POMPEII INTRODUCTION the Greatness of the Roman Empire Was Evident in Its Marvelous Cities Last Days of Pompeii ACTIVITY SHEET - THE LAST DAYS OF POMPEII INTRODUCTION The greatness of the Roman Empire was evident in its marvelous cities. Although Rome itself was the crown jewel of the Empire, there were other amazing cities that Romans loved to call home. Today, you will live through a day in Pompeii before the famous eruption of Mt. Vesuvius in CE 79. This adventure in Pompeii will be your introduction to Roman life, before continuing to the heart of the Empire, Rome itself. The north east of Civil Forum at Pompeii, looking south. 0 Last Days of Pompeii SCAN​ THIS QR CODE FOR THE POMPEII PLAYLIST SCENE 1: HOUSE OF THE FAUN HOW THE RICH LIVED: WAKING UP AT THE HOUSE OF THE FAUN FIGURE 1 Congratulations! You are a super wealthy Roman and have woken up in ‘The House of the Faun’, named as such because a statue of a dancing faun (half man half goat) was found there. This house was one of the largest and most elegant in Pompeii. Look around. You find yourself in the main atrium of the home. There is a pool called an ​impluvium in the centre of the scene, and in the middle you find a small, yet remarkable, statue. Look at the striking colour of the floor, paved with small pieces of dark stone that formed an effective contrast against the white limestone edge and brilliant inner surface of the shallow pool. ACTIVITY Mark where you are standing on the map with an ‘X’. Describe the scene to your partner. Select ‘House of the Faun’ from the ​Explore ​playlist, and then look at the plan of the house. QUESTIONS a. What purpose do you think the opening in the roof has? b. Where is the faun? 1 Last Days of Pompeii SCENE 2: BAKERY OF POPIDIUS PRISCUS DAILY LIFE: A MORNING VISIT TO THE BAKERY FIGURE 2 Time for breakfast, and you feel like some freshly-baked bread. You have left your home and are now inspecting this bakery that belongs to you. The business was managed by your ​libertus (a freed slave)... but he is nowhere in sight! He’s probably still sleeping. The consumption of bread became widespread among the Romans during the 2nd century BCE. Previously, flour was used to prepare ​puls​ (a wheat paste). ACTIVITY Select the Bakery from the plan. Can you find where you are standing? Mark it with an ‘X’ on the map. QUESTIONS a) What are the big circles on the map? b) How were these used to make bread? c) How were the things in the bakery used to make bread? d) What does the shape of the bread remind you of? e) How does this place compare in size and decoration to the last place you were i​n? 2 Last Days of Pompeii SCENE 3: FORUM - TEMPLE OF JUPITER DAILY LIFE: BUSINESS AT THE CIVIC FORUM FIGURE 3 Now that you have had breakfast, it’s time for you to get some business done. You have arranged to meet your friend in the Civil Forum to discuss your olive oil transportation business. Hmm… he seems to be late! Take a look around. The Civic Forum was the main square of ancient Pompeii, the center of political, commercial and religious life. You arranged to meet you friend in front of the Temple of Jupiter. During the time of the emperors, this temple was transformed into a temple for the emperor, a ​Capitolium​. ACTIVITY Look at the plan of the forum. Can you find where you are standing, and mark it on the map with an ‘X’? Notice the different clothing of the characters (humans and statues) in the scene. Describe what you can see to your partner. QUESTIONS a) How many horse statues are in the scene? b) Who do you think the statues were dedicated to? 3 Last Days of Pompeii SCENE 4: TEMPLE OF ISIS PRIVATE RELIGION: A PRAYER AT THE TEMPLE OF ISIS FIGURE 4 Finally your friend arrived, and you made a business deal! You are a follower of the mysterious goddess Isis, from distant Egypt. You must now go to the temple and make an offering, so that Isis will bring you luck with your business. ​This temple of Isis dates from the 2nd century BCE. The temple you are looking at was re-built by a freedman (a former slave) after an earthquake destroyed it in CE 62. ACTIVITY Look at the plan of the temple. Where are you standing? Mark it with an ‘X’. QUESTIONS a) How many people do you see in this scene? b) Who do you think the statues were dedicated to? What are they doing? c) What other buildings can you see? d) Can you read the inscription on the temple? Write the first line down. N* _ O _ _ _ _ V _ * _ * F * _ E _ S _ N _ S 4 Last Days of Pompeii SCENE 5: THE FORUM, AND STABIAN BATHS LEISURE ACTIVITIES: TEPIDARIUM FIGURE 5 Now that the sacrifice is complete, you go to a ​taberna ​(bar) for some lunch, and then a nap. When you wake up, it is time for some exercise and a bath to get ready for the evening’s social events. You are now in the tepidarium ​(warm room), where bathers could warm up a little before entering the ​caldarium (hot room). Around the room you can see a number of niches bordered by ​telamones (male figures). The next room was the caldarium ​(warm room). ACTIVITY Look at the plan of the baths. Can you find where you are standing? (Clue: look at the position of the doors). Describe what you can see to your partner. QUESTIONS a) What objects can you see in the room? b) What were the niches in the wall used for? c) Describe the ceiling, what did the decorations show? d) What kind of social activities do you think took place here? 5 Last Days of Pompeii SCENE 6: GARDEN WITH THE SEA VIEW RELIGIOUS LIFE: A STROLL AT TRIANGULAR FORUM FIGURE 4 You are refreshed and bathed, so now it’s time for some quiet reflection before the theatre. Life in Pompeii can be stressful, but luckily, there is a sanctuary of peace for you to relax in. The “Triangular Forum” of Pompeii was located along the seaside on the southern end of the city, in a peculiarly shaped open area close to the city’s Large Theatre. This sacred place had a temple from the old Greek colonist days, and was already centuries old at the time of the eruption. ACTIVITY Look at the plan of the forum. Can you find where you are standing? QUESTIONS a) What is the mountain in the background, do you think? b) How would you describe this part of the city compared to other places you have been? c) How do you feel in this place? 6 Last Days of Pompeii SCENE 7: THEATRE - CAVEA ENTERTAINMENT: A TRAGIC PERFORMANCE AT THE THEATRE FIGURE 4 Now that you have thought about life’s great mysteries at the temple, it’s time to ‘catch a show’. The theatre at Pompeii shows how, in at least one city in the region of Campania, dramatic performances of a high order were given. You are seated in the so-called Large Theatre, that was originally built into a natural hill at Pompeii in the 2nd century BCE, and was renovated at a later date. ACTIVITY Look at the plan of the theatre. Can you find where you are sitting? Notice how the theatre is divided into different sections. QUESTIONS a) How many parts are the seats of the theatre divided into? b) What is the purpose of the cloth suspended by ropes? c) How is the stage decorated? d) What is similar and different between this theatre and a modern theatre? 7 Last Days of Pompeii SCENE 8: BASILICA POLITICS: MEETING WITH ELITES AT THE BASILICA FIGURE 6 You enjoyed the show, it was a Roman comedy about a pot of gold, and you had some dinner in the bars afterwards. Suddenly, the friend you met this morning rushed up to you, and said he is very worried. You needed to come to the basilica immediately to discuss a crisis developing in Rome. Basilicas were places to discuss politics and do business. Much later, many were transformed into churches. This mighty basilica is one of the oldest ones we know about, and was located on the edge of the Civil Forum. Remember? You were there this morning. There was a colossal statue of the first emperor, Augustus, inside. In the basilica, your friend tells you of a terrible conspiracy happening in Rome. ACTIVITY Look at the plan of the basilica. Can you find where you are standing? QUESTIONS a) It is night, so how is this building illuminated? b) How is the building decorated? c) How is this place different to all the places you have visited so far? d) Why was this building perfect for politics and business, do you think? 8 Last Days of Pompeii SCENE 9: MAUSOLEUM OF SERVILIUS QUARTUS TRAVEL: MEETING ON THE VIA APPIA TO....ROME! You have been given a secret mission with sealed orders. You must deliver this message to the emperor himself! Early the next morning, you start your long journey to Rome. It will take you nine days to cover the 244 kilometres on foot! You can’t sail to Rome because you can’t risk being stopped at port, so you are using the Empire’s incredible network of roads.
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