Church History

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

Load more

SINGLE USER product. Materials provided on CD NOTES are copyrighted by World Video Bible School® and MAY NOT be used, reproduced, distributed, republished, displayed, broadcast, hyperlinked or transmitted, in whole or in part, in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical including photocopying, electronic transfer, installing on computers, recording or the use of any information storage and retrieval system, outside of the following permitted use limits: The REGISTERED USER may copy the contents of this CD to their hard drive and store the CD as an archive. If using more than one computer (i.e. home & office), you may copy it to each computer. The REGISTERED USER may print unlimited copies of any and all materials contained on this CD, from their computer for personal use or use in teaching classes, provided World Video Bible School® is given proper credit and materials are not resold. BE ADVISED that WVBS may, at their sole discretion, employ text marking and detection techniques to identify the original purchaser of pirated electronic or printed copies of this material. More importantly, remember that you will answer to God for every word and action (Matthew 12:36). Please consider your actions carefully and proceed accordingly, with a clear conscience. CHURCH HISTORY This set of notes is designed to be used by non-credit students of World Video Bible School and correspondent students enrolled in the Video Bible Institute (VBI). VBI students should pay particular attention to the syllabus. Students not taking the course for credit may bypass the syllabus and use the notes as they see fit for their spiritual enrichment. ® 512-398-5211 (voice) World Video Bible School 512-398-9493 (fax) 25 Lantana Lane [email protected] Maxwell, Texas 78656-4231 www.wvbs.org SYLLABUS I. GENERAL INFORMATION. A. Instructor: Chuck Horner. B. This course consists of 54 lessons on 18 DVDS. C. Each class is approximately 38 minutes long. II. PURPOSE. A. To know the facts of church history in their time frame. B. To recognize religious trends and their results. C. To recognize how reaction to false doctrine also created false doctrine. D. To be able to recognize and correct unlawful trends in the church today. E. To be able to teach these facts, trends, consequences and corrections to others. III. INSTRUCTIONAL MATERIALS. A. Required. 1. Bible (A.S.V., K.J.V. or N.K.J.V.). 2. 54 video lessons. 3. Spiral bound class notes. B. Optional: Mattox, F. W. The Eternal Kingdom, Gospel Light Publishing Co. Delight, AR. 1961. IV. MEMORY WORK. There are no memory verses from the Bible for this course. However, there will be many names, dates and facts to memorize. The tests will be very technical. If you wait until the night before you take a test to study, you may very well fail – unless you have an outstanding memory. i V. TESTS. A. There are two written tests. B. When you near the halfway point, contact us and request the mid-term exam. When you near the end of the course, request the final exam. When you receive a test you have permission to look at it and study it prior to taking it. C. However, when you actually take a test, you must do so completely from memory with no help from notes, Bible, textbook or tapes. VI. TERM PAPER. A. Write a paper on the early departures from the Gospel that culminated in the formation of the Roman Catholic Church. B. The paper should be a minimum of seven pages, typed and double spaced. If handwritten, the paper should be a minimum of ten pages, single spaced. C. The paper is due when you mail VBI your second test. VII. GRADING. A. Memory work, term paper and tests will be graded separately. B. Final grade is based on an average of all assigned work with the written tests counting twice. C. You may request that a grade be explained or reconsidered, but in any case VBI will have the final say. VIII. SUMMARY OF REQUIREMENTS. A. Read the course notes in their entirety. B. View each video lesson in its entirety. C. Submit a term paper (explained under point VI). D. Take two written tests (explained under point V). E. Have a combined grade average of at least 70. ii IX. CREDIT. A. Credit will be issued, including a certificate, only after all work has been suc­ cessfully completed, tapes have been returned (if rented) and all invoices for this particular course have been paid in full. B. Thank you for studying in the Video Bible Institute, we pray it is a blessing to your life on your way to eternity! iii iv TABLE OF CONTENTS I. IN THE FULLNESS OF TIME. .................................... Page1 A. THE GREEK INFLUENCE. ........................................ 1 1. Prelude.................................................... 1 2. Alexander the Great. ......................................... 1 3. The Empire was Divided....................................... 1 4. Four Macedonian Wars 215-148 B.C.............................. 1 5. Rome Defeats Macedon in 146 B.C............................... 1 6. Direct Influences............................................. 2 B. THE ROMAN INFLUENCE ........................................ 2 1. The Roman Government....................................... 2 2. Why the Roman Empire Could Not Continue. 2 3. The Economy. .............................................. 3 4. Moral Conditions............................................. 3 C. RELIGIOUS INFLUENCE ......................................... 3 1. Gentile..................................................... 3 2. Jewish..................................................... 7 II. THE NEW TESTAMENT CHURCH ESTABLISHED. 1 1 A. IN PROPHECY . ............................................... 1 1 1. Jeremiah.................................................. 1 1 2. Remember the Number Two (2)!................................ 1 1 3. The Church Was In the Mind Of God. 1 2 B. IN REALITY ................................................... 1 2 1. The Lord’s Promise.......................................... 1 2 2. The Promise Fulfilled......................................... 1 4 III. THE EARLY CHURCH .............................................. 1 5 A. THE DIFFERENCES BETWEEN CHRISTIANITY AND PAGAN RELIGIONS ............................................ 1 5 B. THE INFLUENCE THE JEWS HAD ON THE EARLY CHURCH. 1 5 C. HISTORICAL EVIDENCE CONCERNING JESUS. 1 5 1. Tacitus.................................................... 1 5 2. Suetonius. ................................................ 1 6 3. Pliny...................................................... 1 6 D. THE CHURCH (33-99). .......................................... 1 6 1. Worship of the Church. ...................................... 1 6 2. Spread of the Church. ....................................... 1 7 3. Persecutions of the Church.................................... 1 7 4. Life of the Early Christians. ................................... 1 9 5. General View of Christianity. .................................. 1 9 IV. THE CANON OF SCRIPTURE . ...................................... 2 0 A. THE SOURCE OF THE SCRIPTURES .............................. 2 0 B. PROOF OF INSPIRATION . ...................................... 2 0 1. Old Testament.............................................. 2 1 v 2. New Testament............................................. 2 1 V. APOSTASY ...................................................... 2 2 A. IN PROPHECY . ............................................... 2 2 1. 2 Thess 2:1-12,15........................................... 2 2 2. 1 Tim 4:1-6. ............................................... 2 2 3. 2 Tim 4:1-5. ............................................... 2 2 4. Acts 20:26-32. ............................................. 2 2 B. THERE WERE NEW TESTAMENT WRITINGS TO OFFSET APOSTASY. 2 3 C. THE BEGINNINGS . ............................................ 2 3 1. Departure in Organization..................................... 2 3 2. Departure in Doctrine. ....................................... 2 3 VI. THE SECOND CENTURY (100-199) . .............................. 2 4 A. EXTERNAL INFLUENCES ON THE CHURCH. 2 4 1. WHY the Church Was Being Persecuted. 2 4 2. Roman Emperors. .......................................... 2 4 B. APOSTASY ................................................... 2 5 1. Elders To “Bishops” To “Bishop”................................ 2 5 2. Succession of Authority....................................... 2 6 3. Synods. .................................................. 2 7 4. Development of the Priesthood................................. 2 7 5. Growth of Sects............................................. 2 8 6. Departures in Doctrine. ...................................... 2 9 a. Millennialism............................................ 2 9 b. Easter................................................. 2 9 c. Pentecost.............................................. 3 0 d. Epiphany............................................... 3 0 e. Judaism. .............................................. 3 0 f. Gnosticism. ............................................ 3 1 g. Asceticism.............................................. 3 4 h. Celibacy. .............................................. 3 4 i. Marcionism............................................. 3 4 j. Montanism. ............................................ 3 5 C. EARLY WRITERS .............................................. 3 7 1. Significance of this Section.................................... 3 7 2. Clement of Rome. .......................................... 3 7 3. Ignatious of Antioch.........................................
Recommended publications
  • Quotations from Two-By-Two Leaders Quotations from Two-By-Two

    Quotations from Two-By-Two Leaders Quotations from Two-By-Two

    Quotations from Two-by-Two Leaders Edited by Lloyd Fortt Thus Saith Quotations from Two-by-Two Workers Edited by Lloyd Fortt 2010 Portions Copyright © 2010 Lloyd Fortt This booklet may be freely distributed only in printed form and only if it is distributed in its entirety. Distribution by other means or in other formats may only be made with written permission from the author. For further information, contact: Reprint by Research and Information Services, Inc. PO Box 1685 Sisters, Oregon 97759 http://www.workersect.org/ Illustration on cover: William Irvine (left), Edward Cooney (right) INTRODUCTION This book contains material which was compiled by Lloyd Fortt and others over several years. It was originally compiled on a Macintosh computer in HyperCard form and was then converted to Adobe’s PDF format for cross-platform electronic distribution. Many of the short quotations in this book are from a document named “Quotations by Workers” (shown as QBW in notations) which was collected by Threshing Floor Ministries. Other sources are as given in their references. Some of the source documents are archived at the University of California at Santa Barbara’s Institute for the Study of American Religion, while others reside in collections of the editor, Threshing Floor Ministries, Research and Information Services, Inc., Veterans of Truth, and Telling the Truth. May the facts about the Workers' version of "TRUTH" never again become difficult to obtain! Thus Saith vii viii Introduction A PAUL ABENROTH 4 We have no set doctrine. (QBW, p. 16) 4 There is no set doctrine in the group. (Walla Walla, Washington, 1982: QBW p.
  • Strongholds SHAKEN

    Strongholds SHAKEN

    Strongholds SHAKEN A Biblical critique of false faiths and confusing cults by David Legge STRONGHOLDS SHAKEN: A BIBLICAL CRITIQUE OF FALSE FAITHS AND CONFUSING CULTS David Legge David Legge is a Christian evangelist, preacher and Bible teacher. He served as Assistant Pastor at Portadown Baptist Church before receiving a call to the pastorate of the Iron Hall Assembly in Belfast, Northern Ireland. He ministered as pastor-teacher of the Iron Hall from 1998- 2008, and now resides in Portadown with his wife Barbara, daughter Lydia and son Noah. Contents 1. The Witness Of The Watchtower - 3 2. Christian Science And Scientology - 15 3. Mormonism - The Latter Day Saints - 27 4. Unitarianism - 39 5. Spiritism - 49 6. Church Of Christ - 61 7. Christadelphianism - 74 8. Buddhism - 85 9. The Baha'i Faith - 96 10. Islam – 107 11. Cooneyites – 118 12. Hinduism – 129 13. Oneness Pentecostalism – 139 14. Freemasonry - 151 Appendix - Further Resources - 162 The audio for this series is available free of charge either on our website (www.preachtheword.com) or by request from [email protected] The inclusion of images and diagrams in this booklet is done without intention to breach any copyright restrictions. If this has been done in any instance, please contact us and we will willingly remove the offending item. All material by Pastor Legge is copyrighted. However, these materials may be freely copied and distributed unaltered for the purpose of study and teaching, so long as they are made available to others free of charge, and the copyright is included. This does not include hosting or broadcasting the materials on another website, however linking to the resources on preachtheword.com is permitted.
  • TWO by TWOS (Also Known As: Go-Preachers, the Jesus Way, Cooneyites, and Christian Convention)

    TWO by TWOS (Also Known As: Go-Preachers, the Jesus Way, Cooneyites, and Christian Convention)

    STATEMENT DC690 TWO BY TWOS (Also known as: Go-Preachers, The Jesus Way, Cooneyites, and Christian Convention) Research for this report has come from CRI's files, the Spiritual Counterfeits Project in Berkeley, from J. Gordon Melton's Encyclopedia of American Religions, Heresies Exposed by W. C. Irvine, from limited contact with members of the movement itself, and from generous contributions and correspondence from Mrs. Mary Schoeff of Cheney, Washington. Because these people do not publish any material on their collective beliefs, and because the movement is a loosely - knit group of semi-autonomous house churches with no real central headquarters and whose ministers are traveling preachers, it is difficult to establish absolutely authoritative inform ation on this group. The only way one can ascertain their beliefs is to study carefully their personal correspondence and meeting notes, attend numerous meetings, and personally interview its ministers and adherents. Even then doctrinal analysis is hinde red by the group's significant lack of preaching on and interest in doctrine, which may cause some variation in beliefs within the group itself. BRIEF HISTORY William Irvine, a Scotsman and a member of the Faith Mission movement, a non -sectarian, evangelical ministry to rural areas (founded by J. G. Govan in 1886), went to Ireland as an outreach preacher for the Mission. Sometime between 1897-1900, he broke ties with the Faith Mission over their lack of total renunciation of possessions and began his own ministry in a town called Nenagh, in Tipperary county. There he was subsequently joined by a vibrant, fiery man by the name of Edward Cooney who threw his lot in with Irvine, as did a number of others, thereby acquiring the nickname "Tramp Preachers," because they gave up all their wealth and belongings to go preach "the gospel." They also earned the name "Go-Preachers" because they would go out "two by two" (hence the name by which they are called at the head of this report) without money and tramp from place to place.
  • Uj4rningiral Sn111ljly Continuing LEHRE UND WEHRE MAGAZIN FUER Ev.-Luth

    Uj4rningiral Sn111ljly Continuing LEHRE UND WEHRE MAGAZIN FUER Ev.-Luth

    Qtnurnr~tu UJ4rningiral Sn111lJly Continuing LEHRE UND WEHRE MAGAZIN FUER Ev.-LuTH. HOMILETIK THEOLOGICAL QUARTERLY-THEOLOGICAL MONTHLY vol.xm July, 1942 No.7 CONTENTS Page Verbal Inspiration - a Stumbling-Block to the Jews and Foolish- ness to the Greeks. Th. Engelder .__ . _______________________________________________ 481 Leading Thoughts on Eschatology in the Epistles to the Thessa- lonians L. Fuerbringer ______ ______________ __ _________ . ________________________________________ 511 Outlines on the Wuerttemberg Epistle Selections _________ .. _________________ 519 Miscellanea __ ________________________________________________________________________________________________ 528 Theological Observer. - Kirchlich-Zeitgeschichtliches ______________________ 541 Book Review. - Literatur ________ __ __ __________________________________________________ _ 553 Eln Pred1ger muss nicht alleln tori- Es 1st kein Ding. das cUe Leute 114m. alao d811S er cUe Schafe unter­ mehr bel der Klrche behaelt denn weiae. wle de rechte Christen sollen cUe gute PrecUgt. - Apologle. Art. 24 aeln. aondern auch daneben den Woel­ ten toehrlm. dass ale cUe Schafe nicht angreUen und mit talscher Lehre ver­ If the trumpet glve an uneertal.n tuehren und Irrturn elntuehren. sound. who shall prepare hIIwelf to Luther the battle? -1 COT. 14:8 Published for the Ev. Luth. Synod of Missouri, Ohio, and Other States CONCORDIA PUBLISHING BOUSE, St. Louis, Mo. Book Review ~iterntU1: 553 Book Review - 2itetatut AlI books reviewed in this periodical may be procured from or through Con­ cordia PubUshlng House, 3558 S. Jefferson Ave., St. Louis, Mo. Pocket Bible Hand Book. By H. H. Halley. 10 West Elm St., Chicago, TIl. 516 pages, 4¥2X6%. Price, $1.00. The first edition of this book appeared in 1927. Its sale has been so phenomenal that in 1941 it was published in its revised and enlarged 14th edition.
  • List of Christian Denominations - Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia Page 1 of 18

    List of Christian Denominations - Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia Page 1 of 18

    List of Christian denominations - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Page 1 of 18 List of Christian denominations From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia (Redirected fromChristian Denominations) List of Christian denominations (or Denominations self-identified as Christian) ordered by historical and doctrinal relationships. (See also: Christianity; Christian denominations; List of Christian denominations by number of members). Some groups are large (e.g. Catholics, Lutherans, Anglicans or Baptists), while others are just a few small churches, and in most cases the relative size is not evident in this list. Also, modern movements such as Fundamentalist Christianity, Pietism, Evangelicalism, Pentecostalism and the Holiness movement sometimes cross denominational lines, or in some cases create new denominations out of two or more continuing groups, (as is the case for many United and uniting churches, for example). Such subtleties and complexities are not clearly depicted here. Additionally, some groups viewed by non-adherents as denominational actively resist being called a "denomination" and do not have any formal denominational structure, authority, or record-keeping beyond the local congregation; several groups within Restorationism fall into this category. Note: This is not a complete list, but aims to provide a comprehensible overview of the diversity among denominations of Christianity. As there are reported to be approximately 38,000 Christian denominations,[1] many of which cannot be verified to be significant, only those denominations with Wikipedia articles will be listed in order to ensure that all entries on this list are notable and verifiable. Note: Between denominations, theologians, and comparative religionists there are considerable disagreements about which groups can be properly called Christian, disagreements arising primarily from doctrinal differences between groups.
  • Chinese Canadian, Young Adult Evangelicals and the Negotiation of Ethno- Religious Identity in the Greater Toronto Area

    Chinese Canadian, Young Adult Evangelicals and the Negotiation of Ethno- Religious Identity in the Greater Toronto Area

    Multi-sited Faith: Chinese Canadian, Young Adult Evangelicals and the Negotiation of Ethno- Religious Identity in the Greater Toronto Area by Scott Wall A thesis presented to the University of Waterloo in fulfilment of the thesis requirement for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Religious Studies Waterloo, Ontario, Canada, 2020 © Scott Wall 2020 Examining Committee Membership The following served on the Examining Committee for this thesis. The decision of the Examining Committee is by majority vote. External Examiner NAME Alison Marshall Title Professor Supervisor(s) NAME David Seljak Title Professor Internal Member NAME Douglas Cowan Title Professor Internal-external Member NAME Vinh Nguyen Title Assistant Professor Other Member(s) NAME Paul Freston Title Professor ii Author’s Declaration I hereby declare that I am the sole author of this thesis. This is a true copy of the thesis, including any required final revisions, as accepted by my examiners. I understand that my thesis may be made electronically available to the public. iii Abstract In 2016, Census Canada found that more than 1.5 million of Toronto, Ontario’s roughly 5.4 million total population were second-generation immigrants. As part of this significant cohort, Chinese Canadian young adults are coming of age in a diverse, multicultural landscape. This project investigates the experience of my 18-35 year-old Chinese Canadian participants as they negotiate their connection to both their Chinese heritage and their sense of being evangelical Christians. Drawing on 51 formal interviews, 18 months of participant observation using multi- site ethnographic methods, and analysis of material culture, I argue that Chinese Canadian, young adult evangelicals form a variety of identity combinations in order to build and maintain attachment to ethno-religious communities.
  • American Religions Collection, Circa 1840S–2010S, Bulk 1970S–1990S

    American Religions Collection, Circa 1840S–2010S, Bulk 1970S–1990S

    http://oac.cdlib.org/findaid/ark:/13030/tf3779n92n No online items Guide to the American Religions Collection, circa 1840s–2010s, bulk 1970s–1990s processed by Special Research Collections staff; machine-readable finding aid created by Xiuzhi Zhou with updates by David C. Gartrell Special Research Collections UC Santa Barbara Library University of California, Santa Barbara Santa Barbara, CA 93106 Phone: (805) 893-3062 Fax: (805) 893-5749 Email: [email protected] URL: http://www.library.ucsb.edu/special-collections © 2000 The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved. Guide to the American Religions ARC Mss 1 1 Collection, circa 1840s–2010s, bulk 1970s–1990s Guide to the American Religions Collection, circa 1840s–2010s, bulk 1970s–1990s Collection number: ARC Mss 1 Special Research Collections UC Santa Barbara Library University of California, Santa Barbara Contact Information: Special Research Collections UC Santa Barbara Library University of California, Santa Barbara Santa Barbara, CA 93106 Phone: (805) 893-3062 Fax: (805) 893-5749 Email: [email protected] URL: http://www.library.ucsb.edu/special-collections Processors: Special Collections staff Date Completed: 12/30/99 Encoded by: Xiuzhi Zhou Revised by: David C. Gartrell © 2000 The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved. Descriptive Summary Title: American Religions Collection, Date (inclusive): circa 1840s–2010s Date (bulk): 1970s–1990s Collection number: ARC Mss 1 Compiler: Melton, J. Gordon Extent: 337.5 linear feet (270 cartons) Repository: University of California, Santa Barbara. Library. Dept. of Special Collections Santa Barbara, CA 93106 Shelf location: For current information on the location of these materials, please consult the library's online catalog.
  • The Discerner the Discerner

    The Discerner the Discerner

    no “Hereby k w of truth and the TheThe we the spirit spirit of error” DiscernerDiscerner Volume 23, Number 2 April • May • June 2003 AN INTERDENOMINATIONAL HERESY-EXPOSING QUARTERLY Editorial . .2 William A. BeVier Falun Gong . .4 William A. BeVier Another Look at the New Evangelical . .9 Dr. George G. Houghton The Two By Two’s . .13 Jo Ann BeVier Book Reviews . .16 Responses . .22 The Discerner Editorial Committee Volume 23, Number 2 Dr. William A. BeVier April • May • June 2003 Timothy J. Buege Published Quarterly 5693 Geneva Avenue N Price $5.00 for 4 issues Oakdale, MN 55128 Foreign subscriptions extra 1-651-777-7220 / 1-800-562-9153 FAX 651-777-7233 EDITORIAL By William A. BeVier n each issue of THE DISCERNER we attempt to present the latest Iin developments in the areas of religions and cults, as well as pres- ent on-going developments in more familiar areas. Within the last few years a new movement has entered the U.S. and elsewhere in the world. Its Chinese name is Falun Gong. The Chinese government has officially termed it “an evil cult.” Others outside China, and some within China believe it to be basically a new form of physical exercises and method of meditation. Without doubt, the movement has some characteristics that have come to be recognized as being cultic. In some ways, the movement is too new to finally determine its course. We will do well to keep an eye on this movement. Some of what is clearly recognized now as cults were not so perceived when they first appeared.
  • Trinityand Other Doctrines of God.Pdf

    Trinityand Other Doctrines of God.Pdf

    TRINITY & OTHER DOCTRINES OF GOD Prof. M.M.Ninan Global Publishers Normal, IL April 2017 TRINITY & OTHER DOCTRINES OF GOD Prof. M.M.Ninan Contents PREFACE I INTRODUCTION 1 II MONARCHIANISM 25 A: DYNAMIC MONARCHIANISM: ADOPTIONISM ARTERNON SHEPHERD OF HERMAS PAUL OF SAMOSATA SPANISH ADOPTIONISM 8TH -9TH C 12TH CENTURY AND LATER: NEO-ADOPTIONISM B: MODALISTIC MONARCHIANISM = MODALISM. PATRIPASSIANISM SABELLIANISM III ARIANISM 46 IV DOCETISM, EBIONISM & SUBORDINATIONISM 61 A: DOCETISM B: EBIONISM C: SUBORDINATIONISM V COUNCIL OF NICEA 66 VI PNEUMATOMACHIANISM OR 'COMBATORS AGAINST THE SPIRIT'. 74 VII MONOPHYTISM 76 A: APOLLINARIANISM B: EUTYCHIANISM VIII NESTORIANISM 79 A: CYRIL AND HYPOSTATIC UNIION B: NESTORIUS IX COUNCIL OF CHALCEDONIA 100 X SERVETUSISM 109 XI SWEDENBORGISM 114 XII MODERN MOVEMENTS ONENESS PENTECOSTALISM 120 XIII SOCINIANISM 126 XIV CHRISTIAN SCIENCE:THE CHURCH OF CHRIST, 128 XV CHRISTADELPHIANS 131 XVI JEHOVAH’S WITNESS 133 XVIII THE CHURCH OF LATTER DAY SAINTS 137 XVIII IGLESIA NI CRISTO 142 XIX UNITARIAN AND UNIVERSALISTS 146 APPENDIX I CLASSIFICATION BASED ON TRINITY RELATIONSHIP 149 APPENDIX 2 THE TRIUNE BRAIN THEORY 152 APPENDIX 3 MODERN CHRISTIAN GROUPINGS 159 APPENDIX 4 SCRIPTURAL ARGUMENTS OF VARIOUS PROPONENTS 162 APPENDIX 5 SYNODAL CHRISTOLOGICAL CONFESSIONS OF THE NESTORIAN CHURCHES OF THE EAST 168 APENDIX 6 CHRISTIAN GROUPS WITH NONTRINITARIAN POSITIONS 174 APPENDIX 7 PROOF TEXTS SHOWING JESUS WAS NOT GOD 175 AOOENDIX 8 CHRISTIAN HERESIES 176 The Doctrine of Trinity asserts the following: There is one and only one God. YHWH Elohim Echad God eternally exists in three distinct persons. The Father is God, the Son is God, and the Holy Spirit is God.
  • Early and Modern Heresies Against the Trinity Modern Nontrinitarian

    Early and Modern Heresies Against the Trinity Modern Nontrinitarian

    Early and Modern Heresies Against the Trinity Although Wikipedia is sometimes unreliable factually, I have checked these entries as being both informative and generally accurate (if I have missed anything, let me know!). I have made a few edits here and there. Other sources have been used when the Wikipedia articles are tagged as “having issues” or are inadequate from an Orthodox perspective. Fr Gregory Subordinationism - https://carm.org/subordinationism Modalism (all types, quirky but generally descriptively accurate!) - https://trinities.org/blog/what-is-modalism/ Sabellianism (as a form of Modalism) and Patripassianism - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sabellianism Christological heresies (a useful short summary – author not Orthodox but has a good understanding): https://www.efca.org/blog/understanding-scripture/christological-heresies Eunomianism (an extreme form of Arianism) - https://www.newadvent.org/cathen/05605a.htm The Pneumatochians / Macedonians - https://www.newadvent.org/cathen/12174a.htm Filioquism (excellent article by the Orthodox Jay Dyer) - https://orthochristian.com/104360.html Tritheism - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tritheism Unitarianism - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unitarianism Swedenborgianism – a form of Christomonism - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_New_Church_(Swedenborgian) Modern Nontrinitarian Groups This “fair use” and under the same licence conditions extract from the Wikipedia page Nontrinitarianism is reliable from an Orthodox point of view. Links are clickable. • Christadelphians hold the unitarian belief that although Jesus is the Son of God, this is only a relational title toward the Father who alone is truly God. Christ's personhood, therefore, is human not divine, (believing this to be necessary in order to save humans from their sins).
  • M4rningtral :!Inut41y Continuing LEHRE UND VVEHRE MAGAZIN FUER Ev.-Luth

    M4rningtral :!Inut41y Continuing LEHRE UND VVEHRE MAGAZIN FUER Ev.-Luth

    Qtnurnr~iu m4rningtral :!Inut41y Continuing LEHRE UND VVEHRE MAGAZIN FUER Ev.-LuTH. HOMILETIK THEOLOGICAL QUARTERLY-THEOLOGICAL MONTHLY Vol. IX November, 1938 No. 11 CONTENTS Page A Course in Lutheran Theology. Th. Engelder _____ . _______ .__ .. __._. _____ .. _ 801 Was lehrt die Schrift ueber die iustitia civilis? G. Hnebener ... __ .. 821 The Lure of Biblical and Christian Archeology. P. E. Kretzmann ___ 828 Sermon Study on Heb. 10:19-25. Th. Laetsch .. _._____________ .. _ __ _______ 834 Predigtentwuri fuer den ersten Adventssonntag _______ .. ___ _.. ______ . ___ 846 Miscellanea _______ . .________________ .___ . .__ _______ .__________________ _.. ____ .__ 849 Theological Observer. - Kirchlich-Zeitgeschichtliches __ _ ___.____ ._. __ . _ 852 Book Review.-Literatur -__. ... _. __ ..__ .._ .' _. _______________ .. ___ . .. __ .__ ._________ 873 E1n Pred1ger muss nicht al1eln w ei­ Es 1st k eln Ding. das die Leute den, IJlso dass er die Schafe unter­ mehr bel der Kirche behaelt denn weise. wie sie rechte Christen Bollen die gute Predigt. - A pologie, A,.t. 24. sein. sondem auch daneben den Woel­ fen wehTen. dass sie die Schafe nicht angreifen und mit falscher Lehre ver­ If the trumpet give an uncertain roehren und Irrtum elnfuehren. sound who shall prepare himself to LutheT. the battle? -1 COT. 14, ,. Published for the Ev. Luth. Synod of Missouri, Ohio, and Other States CONCORDIA PUBLISHING ROUSE, St. Louis, Mo. 852 Theological Observer - Rtrd)!id)<3eHgefdJtd)Utd)e!\ Theological Observer - SHtdjlidj.geitgefdjidjtndje~ I. :Aml'ritm The Lutheran World Convention and World-Wide Lutheran Coopera­ tion. - Something of the unique and important function of the Lutheran World Convention is indicated in the following excerpts from the official report of the latest meeting of the executive committee, prepared by Dr.
  • Definition of a Cult

    Definition of a Cult

    Cults - Ancient and Modern Definition of a Cult A false religion truthfully admits they are not Christian. They follow their own set of teachings handed down from their founders long ago. A cult claims to be a certain religion but changes the basic doctrine enough that according to that religion’s holy book they are damned. Buddhism could be considered as either a religion in its own right or a cult that broke off from Hinduism. Sikhism was formed by combining the teachings from Hinduism and Islam. As a result, Sikhs are hated and persecuted by both religions. The Nation of Islam claims to be the true Islam but denies the central teachings of the Qur’an. They are classified as an Islamic cult. Any group that does not claim to be Christian is a false religion. Any group that claims to be Christian but denies any of the central teachings of the Bible, is a Christian cult, simply called a cult by Christians. We have learned the central teaching of the Bible is the deity of Jesus Christ and the doctrine of the trinity. We have also learned that when cults arose in the first few centuries they all denied the doctrine of the trinity in some way. This led the ancient church fathers to classify a heretic, or cult, as one that is a nontrinitarian Christian. We will now learn that almost all modern cults are nontrinitarians as well. By being able to clearly teach the doctrine of the trinity, a Christian will be able to instantly witness to any cult without having to memorize a large 82 Definition of a Cult number of cultic teachings.