Public Papers of the Presidents of the United States

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PUBLIC PAPERS OF THE PRESIDENTS OF THE UNITED STATES

PUPLIC PAPERS OF THE PRESIDENTS OF THE UNITED STATES

George Bush

1992–93 (IN TWO BOOKS)

BOOK I—JANUARY 1 TO JULY 31, 1992

UNITED STATES GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE WASHINGTON : 1993 Published by the Office of the Federal Register National Archives and Records Administration

For sale by the Superintendent of Documents U.S. Government Printing Office Washington, DC 20402 Foreword

During the first six months of 1992, my administration moved forward on many fronts to advance a domestic and foreign policy agenda that would prepare the country for the 21st century, and take advantage of the historic opportunity that our victory in the Cold War presented for sustained peace and prosperity. In January, in my State of the Union address, I laid out an economic plan that would have stimulated the economy by providing help for home buyers, tax relief for families, and critical incentives for investment. We proposed a comprehensive health care reform proposal and a GI Bill for children to provide choice in education. We initiated a moratorium on additional federal regulation, which ultimately saved the taxpayers an estimated $20–$30 billion, and granted waivers to permit innovative state welfare projects that encourage self-sufficiency. In June, the Nation reacted with shock and dismay to the riots in Los Angeles. We sought to repair the short term damage with emergency funds to rebuild homes and small businesses. We also confronted the long-term problems of the inner cities through our Job Training 2000 proposal, our enterprise zone initiative to attract investment in urban areas, and our Weed and Seed program to eliminate crime and create an environment of opportunity. In April, I proposed the FREEDOM Support Act, a package of proposals designed to help develop freedom and free markets in Russia and the other newly independent states of the former Soviet Union. In June, I met with Boris Yeltsin at the White House for the first ever U.S.-Russia Summit. We agreed on far-reaching new strategic arms reductions to eliminate the world’s most dangerous weapons—heavy ICBMs and all other multiple warhead ICBMs. We concluded economic agreements that open new avenues to trade and investment in Russia. And we signed the Washington Char- ter, a formal statement of our mutual future together as democratic partners. I travelled to Brazil to attend the United Nations Conference on Environment and Development to sign the Framework Convention on Climate Change. We continued to maintain close ties with our Latin American allies and met in San Antonio, Texas to continue our dialogue to end the scourge of drug trafficking.

v Finally, I began this six month period with a trip to Asia and the Pacific. The United States is readjusting its policies in Asia to reflect the end of the Cold War and a transformed security environment. Our economic relations with the Pacific region remain a central concern. To address this new reality, I pushed to open new markets and highlight the opportunities available to American business in that part of the world. 0

vi Preface

This book contains the papers and speeches of the 41st President of the United States that were issued by the Office of the Press Secretary during the period January 1– July 31, 1992. The material has been compiled and published by the Office of the Federal Register, National Archives and Records Administration. The material is presented in chronological order, and the dates shown in the head- ings are the dates of the documents or events. In instances when the release date dif- fers from the date of the document itself, that fact is shown in the textnote. Every effort has been made to ensure accuracy: Remarks are checked against a tape record- ing, and signed documents are checked against the original. Textnotes and cross ref- erences have been provided by the editors for purposes of identification or clarity. Speeches were delivered in Washington, DC, unless indicated. The times noted are local times. All materials that are printed full-text in the book have been indexed in the subject and name indexes, and listed in the document categories list. The Public Papers of the Presidents series was begun in 1957 in response to a recommendation of the National Historical Publications Commission. An extensive compilation of messages and papers of the Presidents covering the period 1789 to 1897 was assembled by James D. Richardson and published under congressional authority between 1896 and 1899. Since then, various private compilations have been issued, but there was no uniform publication comparable to the Congressional Record or the United States Supreme Court Reports. Many Presidential papers could be found only in the form of mimeographed White House releases or as reported in the press. The Commission therefore recommended the establishment of an official series in which Presidential writings, addresses, and remarks of a public nature could be made available. The Commission’s recommendation was incorporated in regulations of the Admin- istrative Committee of the Federal Register, issued under section 6 of the Federal Register Act (44 U.S.C. 1506), which may be found in title 1, part 10, of the Code of Federal Regulations. A companion publication to the Public Papers series, the Weekly Compilation of Presidential Documents, was begun in 1965 to provide a broader range of Presi- dential materials on a more timely basis to meet the needs of the contemporary read- er. Beginning with the administration of Jimmy Carter, the Public Papers series expanded its coverage to include all material as printed in the Weekly Compilation. That coverage provides a listing of the President’s daily schedule and meetings, when announced, and other items of general interest issued by the Office of the Press Sec- retary. Also included are lists of the President’s nominations submitted to the Senate, materials released by the Office of the Press Secretary that are not printed full-text in the book, acts approved by the President, and proclamations and Executive orders. This information appears in the appendixes at the end of the book.

vii Volumes covering the administrations of Presidents Hoover, Truman, Eisenhower, Kennedy, Johnson, Nixon, Ford, Carter, and Reagan are also available. The Public Papers of the Presidents publication program is under the direction of Gwen H. Estep. The Chief Editor of this book was Karen Howard Ashlin. White House liaison was provided by Marlin Fitzwater, Assistant to the President and Press Secretary. The frontispiece and photographs used in the portfolio were sup- plied by the White House Photo Office. The typography and design of the book were developed by the Government Printing Office under the direction of Robert W. Houk, Public Printer.

Martha L. Girard Director of the Federal Register

Don W. Wilson Archivist of the United States

viii Contents

Foreword...v

Preface...vii

Cabinet...x

Public Papers of George Bush, January 1–July 31, 1992...1

Appendix A Digest of Other White House Announcements...1215

Appendix B Nominations Submitted to the Senate...1251

Appendix C Checklist of White House Press Releases...1263

Appendix D Acts Approved by the President...1277

Appendix E Proclamations and Executive Orders...1283

Appendix F Points of Light Recognition Program . . . 1287

Subject Index...A–1

Name Index...B–1

Document Categories List...C–1

ix Cabinet

Secretary of State ...... James Addison Baker III

Secretary of the Treasury ...... Nicholas F. Brady

Secretary of Defense ...... Richard B. Cheney

Attorney General ...... William P. Barr

Secretary of the Interior ...... Manuel Lujan, Jr.

Secretary of Agriculture ...... Edward R. Madigan

Secretary of Commerce ...... Robert Adam Mosbacher Barbara Hackman Franklin (sworn in March 23)

Secretary of Labor ...... Lynn M. Martin

Secretary of Health and Human Services ... Louis W. Sullivan

Secretary of Housing and Urban Development ...... Jack Kemp

Secretary of Transportation ...... Samuel Knox Skinner Andrew H. Card, Jr. (sworn in March 11)

Secretary of Energy ...... James D. Watkins

Secretary of Education ...... Lamar Alexander

Secretary of Veterans Affairs ...... Edward J. Derwinski

Director of the Office of Management and Budget ...... Richard G. Darman

United States Trade Representative ...... Carla Anderson Hills

x Administration of George Bush

1992–93

Exchange With Reporters in Sydney, Australia January 1, 1992

The President. I wish all the people of And I say that, I cite it only as one mani- Australia, too, a very happy New Year. festation of a friendship that I know exists. You drive along the street and see these Australia-U.S. Relations guys tearing out of the pubs, offering up Q. Mr. President, do you think you will a Foster’s, and wishing you well—you know be able to get some kind of concession on it’s real. So, that’s what I’m going to con- wheat? The Australians are upset about centrate on today. that. The President. I don’t think it’s a question Trade Issues of concession. What we do is tell them our Q. Mr. President, will there be no conces- problems, and they are very frank with us. sions then, sir, on foreign subsidies? That’s how you can tell a good friend; that’s The President. We’re not talking conces- how you can tell an ally, when they lay it sions; we’re talking about eliminating dif- right out on the table. They have some differences where possible. ficulties with what we call the EEP. I un- Q. Can’t the Japanese tell you the same derstand those. I hope they understand that things then, if you tell the Australians, legislation was not aimed at Australia. But though, it’s not possible? if they don’t, they will by the time I get The President. We’re in—wait until we through. get to Japan, and we’ll talk about that. Q. No change, then? Q. Isn’t there a little irony in that, sir? The President. So what we’re going to do is talk to them openly, as friends do with New Year’s Resolutions each other, and move this relationship for- Q. Did you make any New Year’s resolu- ward, although it’s pretty far forward now. tions? It’s strong. The President. New Year’s resolution? Al- You all are too young, except for one or ways for peace; certainly this year, with two gray heads around here, but I remem- Americans hurting, our economy sluggish, ber the Battle of the Coral Sea. I wasn’t for prosperity at home. I think of the people quite in it. I was almost 18; I think the that don’t have it so good back there. But following month I went into the service. But I also am confident that they will. I believe the emotion that Americans with the mem- that with what we’re going to be proposing, ory have is the same as Australians with plus what this economy will do anyway, it’s the memory have. going to be all right. But while people are There’s a guy had an American flag up, hurting like that, I mean, my first resolution out on the point, and there was a neat story has to be for the well-being of the American about him in today’s paper. So I called him people. up this morning. I did not detect any hang- Q. Any personal New Year’s resolutions? over from New Year’s Eve—[laughter]— The President. Oh, yes. being a doctor, he is. And I asked him to Q. More jogging, more—— come over to the hotel, which he’ll do, Dr. The President. Well, a little speedier. I’m Marsden. I don’t know the man. But I can not going to increase it. Two miles; I want tell you, I think I speak for all Americans to do it a little faster so the secret branch, when I say how wonderful it was to see the Secret Service here in Australia, will re- the Stars and Stripes flying along the shore port into their bosses a little more pro- as we were here to celebrate New Year’s. ficiency. I’d like to catch a few more fish,

1 Jan. 1 / Administration of George Bush, 1992 and I don’t get a chance to do it here al- President’s Schedule though this is a sportsman’s paradise. Keep Q. Will you play golf with Bob Hawke? up with sports. Our family does it; I believe The President. Well, I think that’s unfor- in it. tunately been wiped out. I’ve got my sticks, I’ll tell you something. You’re from here; but I don’t think I’m going to get a chance I think these people know it. We are to play. He’s an avid golfer, an avid sports- blessed with family, with kids that come man, but I’m not sure it’s on the schedule. home, and with the loyalty and strength that I don’t think we’ll be able to do that be- one gets when one is in public life from cause this is the holiday. We’re taking a sons and a daughter. And so, I don’t have rather restful day here today; go down to to ask for any more there. But if I were, Canberra and have some fun there. But I would simply say, ‘‘Keep it strong, Lord, then I think it’s work, work, work. So I’ll because we’re going into a hell of a year have to save it. But I was looking forward over there.’’ It’s politics; it’s politics from to getting a little of that Australian money. tomorrow on. And it isn’t very pleasant. Well, we’ll see you guys. Q. Welcome to Australia. Q. What about getting reelected? Is that Note: The President spoke at 8:20 a.m. while one of your resolutions? jogging through Scots College in Sydney, The President. I’m very confident about Australia, where he arrived on December that because we’ve got a lot to do. But I’m 31, 1991. In his remarks, he referred to the confident of it, and I’m confident that if U.S. Department of Agriculture Export En- I do my job right the American people will hancement Program (EEP) and Robert support me. Hawke, former Prime Minister of Australia.

Remarks at the Australian National Maritime Museum in Sydney January 1, 1992

Thank you, Mr. Prime Minister. Well, it the people back in the United States. I is a pleasure for Barbara and me to be here, think sometimes they think the only thing and I will speak to her afterward about her I like to do is go fishing. [Laughter] But frankness here. [Laughter] I’m sure I can nevertheless, I’m sorry we missed the op- work it out. We’ve been married 47 years, portunity on this particular trip. But I love and I haven’t been able to work it out yet, it. but I will try. [Laughter] And may I salute Dr. Fewster, the direc- Now, Prime Minister, to you and Anita, tor who is going to, I understand, show us thank you for your hospitality. To the Pre- around; say to your Ambassador to the mier, Nick Greiner, and Kathryn, thank you United States how proud we are that he for yours, sir. To Minister Fatin, the Min- is with us, Ambassador Michael Cook and ister for Arts and Tourism in the Territories, his wife, Catriona. They have many, many we are grateful to you for your leadership friends in the United States, and they are in this field. doing a first-class job for your country in I want to salute our own Ambassador, the United States. And then, of course, I Mel Sembler, who came up from Canberra want to salute Dr. Hewson and his wife, here, and Betty, who are with us; thank chairman Peter Doyle for his comments. I Carolyn, who came up to be with us today, have to tell you, though, you can tell he’s too. an avid sportsman, and he loves fishing. And I am really thrilled to take part in this inside he said to me, ‘‘The only time I see dedication, a gift from the people of the pictures of you, you are fishing. You must United States to the people of Australia, the love fishing.’’ Please don’t repeat that for U.S.A. Gallery of the Australian National

2 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / Jan. 1

Maritime Museum. President Reagan an- unique glimpse into life aboard a 19th-cen- nounced this gift in 1988 in honor of Aus- tury trading ship. Other displays commemo- tralia’s bicentennial. And now as we dedi- rate the common courage Australian and cate the new gallery, we mark another bi- American naval forces showed half a cen- centennial, the Prime Minister referred to tury ago in the fateful battles of World War it, and that is the 200th anniversary of the II. arrival of the first foreign trading ship in Fraternal ties of culture and commerce Sydney, an American vessel named for the between our two nations literally have City of Brotherly Love in our country, never, ever been stronger. And I am proud Philadelphia. that the United States and Australia are Never was a ship more aptly named. committed to open and robust world trade, Brotherhood has linked the Australian and trade that creates jobs and lifts the stand- American people now for two centuries. ards of living in both our countries. And if anybody at home, if anyone in the And in this spirit and in this anniversary States doubt it, I just wish they could have year, I am very honored to have been asked been with me and with Barbara when we to take part in opening the U.S.A. Gallery came in from the airport or when we rode of Australia’s National Maritime Museum. across to the bridge over here or wherever Thank you. May God bless you all, and may we have gone in this short period of time. you have a wonderful New Year. Thank you You can just feel it. And I hope that they very, very much. can feel that it is reciprocated because it certainly is. Our common ancestors endowed us with language and culture, the rule of law, a spirit of enterprise, and a Note: The President spoke at 12:25 p.m. at passion for freedom that we still share the dedication ceremony for the U.S.A. Gal- today. lery of the Australian National Maritime Australians and Americans have been to- Museum. In his remarks, he referred to Aus- gether for many a maritime adventure, in tralian Prime Minister Paul J. Keating and peace and, yes, in war; in commerce and his wife, Anita; Nick Greiner, Premier of in sporting competition. And visitors to this New South Wales, and his wife, Kathryn; gallery may see historical displays of the Peter Doyle and Kevin Fewster, chairman three Americans who were among the crew and director of the museum; and Liberal of Captain Cook’s Endeavor on its voyage Party leader John Hewson, head of the Fed- to Australia in 1770. Visitors will get a eral Opposition Coalition.

Remarks During a Luncheon Cruise in Sydney Harbor, Australia January 1, 1992

Mr. Premier, thank you, sir. I prepared new one since I’ve been here, so something rather extensive remarks I’d hoped to give, is terribly wrong. [Laughter] Because we but the Premier said we’re making short just feel a genuine warmth from the people remarks here at lunch. So, I tore up this. along the way, right from the airport into I will forego these, but simply to say that town. And then this morning I went run- Barbara and I first want to thank everyone ning, and early birds, those that were sober involved for this extraordinary hospitality. enough to get up, were out there waving There is no way that I can tell you what away. And so, it has been a really heart- it feels like to travel with so little hostility warming experience for us to be back. on the street. And I’m starting right at I will note that this relationship is of fun- home, you know. [Laughter] I’m a man that damental importance to the United States. knows every hand gesture you’ve ever I also know that there’s some apprehension seen—[laughter]—and I haven’t learned a in this part of the world—here, then north

3 Jan. 1 / Administration of George Bush, 1992 to the ASEAN countries, maybe even in them. And the longer I am in this job, the Japan, possibly in Korea—about the United more important true friends are. And we States role in the world. And I understand have a couple of differences, and we’ll talk that because people look at the evolution about those in Canberra. We talked about of change in the Soviet Union; they see the them here today privately. But the dif- freedom of the Baltic States; they see the ferences are so overwhelmed by the com- interest that we all had, and thank God for mon purpose and the genuine friendship Australia’s early support, steadfast support, that they’re not even registering on the in the war against Iraq; they see us working radar screen. very hard to bring parties together in this So, we are blessed. We Americans are Middle East, people that have never even blessed by having this long and tremen- spoken to each other. And they’re saying dously important relationship with this won- to themselves, ‘‘I wonder if the U.S. cares? derful country in which you all live. And I wonder if the United States really wants we’re grateful to you. We won’t let you to remain involved?’’ down. And we will stay involved right up They see us working on a trade agree- until the very end of eternity because we ment with Mexico in which Canada would know it’s fundamentally in our own inter- participate. And some in commerce in this ests. And we hope like hell it’s in yours. part of the world are understandably saying, But I just want to wish each and every ‘‘Where are we going to fit in? Does this one of you a wonderful new year. And yes, mean we’re going to have one trading bloc sir, Mr. Premier, you have started the year in Europe and one trading bloc in America, off in a glorious and grand way not just and then somebody else look to some dif- for the Bushes but for all of those Ameri- ferent kind of trading bloc in Asia and Aus- cans that are privileged to be with us here tralia?’’ And the answer to that is no. And today. Thank you for your hospitality. And the only thing I want to say here, having may God bless Australia. Thank you. been denied my full speech which would have taken 45 minutes, is—[laughter]—that we will be involved. We’re going to stay Note: The President spoke at 2:16 p.m. totally involved in this part of the world. aboard the ‘‘John Cadman III’’ in Sydney That’s the first point. And the second Harbor. In his remarks, he referred to Nick point is, we know friends when we see Greiner, Premier of New South Wales.

Remarks to the Australian Parliament in Canberra January 2, 1992

Thank you, Mr. Speaker and Mr. Presi- so much to deepen the friendship between dent, Mr. Prime Minister, and the leader our countries. of the opposition, Mr. Leader, Members, Let me just make an initial observation and Senators. It is a deep and wonderful if I might. You have a wonderfully vigorous honor for me to be here, and I am very, political climate. [Laughter] That has got to very grateful for the honor of appearing be- be the classic understatement of the year. fore this House of the Australian Par- [Laughter] And I see this rough and tumble liament. I know that the Members have that goes forth like this, and I thank God gone to extraordinary lengths to arrange this for the Presidential system at home. But special session. And I think the people in nevertheless—[laughter]. Let me make this our country will appreciate this very, very observation, though. I feel very fortunate much. to have known several of your Members I want to offer special greetings and from both sides of the aisle over the years. thanks to the members of the Australian- And amidst all the intensity and emotion U.S.A. parliamentary group who have done

4 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / Jan. 2 brought forth in these Chambers, I’ve al- In the Persian Gulf, we stood together ways been impressed by the united message against Saddam Hussein’s aggression. In- that your leaders have sent to my country. deed, the first two coalition partners in a Even when out of office or in the opposi- joint boarding exercise to enforce the tion, they have always placed Australia’s in- United Nations resolutions were Australians terests ahead of personal interests. That says from the H.M.A.S. Darwin and Americans something very positive, very important from the U.S.S. Brewerton. During the war, about your great country. the joint defense facilities here in Australia That’s certainly one reason that any visitor played an invaluable role in detecting from the United States cannot help but feel launches of Iraqi Scud missiles. And today, a warm kinship with Australia. Both of our two of the three navies represented in oper- young nations were seen by explorers and ations enforcing the embargo against Iraq pioneers and immigrants as destinations of are those of Australia and of the United freedom and opportunity. Our cultures re- States of America. flect an extraordinary diversity, from British and Irish, to Italian and Polish, to Vietnam- But even as we recall our struggles and ese and Cambodian. successes, we must now look forward to the This Parliament building displays an origi- opportunity to shape our shared destiny. nal copy of the Magna Carta, I’m told, one First, we face together the challenge of of only four such manuscripts to have sur- economic opportunity and growth, creating vived to this day. The U.S. National Ar- jobs for our people and for their families. chives is home to another of those original Second, we face new but no less exacting manuscripts. I can think of no more power- challenges to our security, the threats of re- ful symbol of our shared commitments to gional conflicts and proliferation of the the rights of the individual, to the rule of weapons of mass destruction. Third, we face law, and to the government of consent, by the exciting task of fostering the remarkable consent of the people. momentum for democracy and freedom that With our common ancestries and shared swept the world these past few years. A ideals, Americans and Australians also find strong America has been central to the tri- other similarities. Each of our countries umph of free markets and free people. I spans a continent rich in agricultural and am confident that the United States will mineral resources. Spectacular natural beau- continue to have the conviction and the ca- ty abounds in fantastic variety in both our pacity to be a force for good and that a nations as well. To be frank, our people new era of economic opportunity will unfold think big. And their biggest ideas are the with enhanced opportunities for peace. ones we share: The belief in the indivisibil- The coming era promises unparalleled po- ity of human freedom and the willingness tential for economic growth in the nations to struggle and sacrifice for the peace and of the Pacific. In 1990, the Asia-Pacific re- security of other nations. This year marks the 50th anniversary of gion accounted for a total of $300 billion the fateful Battle of the Coral Sea. We rein two-way commerce with the United member the courage and fighting skill of States, a total nearly one-third larger than the Australian and American naval forces. America’s volume of trade across the Atlan- Their valor spared Australia from invasion tic. This region is the fastest growing market and stemmed the tide of totalitarianism. in the world. And still, there are voices on In Korea and Vietnam, Australians and both sides of the Pacific calling for eco- Americans again joined forces. Their sac- nomic isolationism. And while for some na- rifices were not in vain. Korea is a democ- tions, including Australia and the United racy, setting a standard for free market de- States, these are tough, hard economic velopment worldwide. Long-suffering Cam- times, we both know protectionism is a fun- bodia now has the hope of a durable peace damentally bankrupt notion. Make no mis- and free elections. Even Vietnam is opening take, America will continue to stand for to the world, seeking reintegration with the open trade and open markets. dynamic market economies of the region. And trade means jobs; it means good jobs,

5 Jan. 2 / Administration of George Bush, 1992 at home and abroad. And I’m sure it comes that Australia and other Pacific nations will as no surprise that my highest priority as join us to instill additional momentum in President of the United States is to promote the Uruguay round negotiations when they economic growth and jobs for our people. resume later this month. This is the best That goal is fully consistent with economic comprehensive approach that we can offer growth and jobs for Australians. You and to our hard-working farmers and ranchers. I know that open markets generate growth, We also see the potential for using re- that international trade is not simply a zero- gional organizations to expand and liberalize sum game. trade around the globe. We are especially And you also know that the nations who encouraged by Australia’s leadership in the share the rewards of a vibrant and growing APEC, in the Asia-Pacific Economic Co- international trading system must also share operation process. The success of the No- the responsibilities. Australia has stood as vember APEC ministerial in Seoul was a true leader in efforts to achieve success proof that APEC is emerging as the eco- in the Uruguay round of the GATT negotia- nomic forum in the Pacific and is increas- tions. And you brought great skill and en- ingly fostering a sense of community around ergy in seeking deep cuts in trade-distorting the Pacific Rim. North America—Mexico, agricultural subsidies. Progress on agri- the United States, and Canada—is part of culture is the key to the success of the this community. And so, let me just assure GATT talks. Your farmers are not alone in you, every one of you, both sides of this feeling the pain caused by the heavy sub- aisle, that the North America free trade sidies of the European Community. Our agreement will not become an exclusive wheat production dropped by almost 30 trading bloc. It will lower internal barriers percent last year. But I’m also aware of the without raising external barriers. Our concern such United States trade programs growth will help stimulate yours, just as as this Export Enhancement Program can growth in Asia will spur our exports. cause Australian farmers. Our EEP program has one and only one We also can do more bilaterally to expand objective, and that is to force the EC to trade. That’s why I am proposing a United stop its avalanche of subsidized exports. And States-Australia trade and investment frame- the fact is that the EC subsidizes over 10 work agreement, one way to enhance our times the amount of farm exports that we already strong economic engagement. That’s do. Moreover, our program seeks to mini- our agenda to expand exports and growth mize the effects on Australia and other non- through reducing trade barriers, whether subsidizing nations. While I don’t like hav- globally, regionally, or bilaterally. ing to use these remedies, I will safeguard Clearly, with the dramatic changes in the the interests of American farmers. And world we must adapt to new security reali- without EEP, the European Community ties as well. But let me simply pledge to would absorb additional markets, forcing you, our friends: No matter what changes out those who can compete fairly, farmers may come about in the defense expendi- in countries like Australia and the United tures in the United States or in the nature States. of the threats to international peace, the We both know, all of us know, that the U.S.-Australian alliance is fundamental to real answer is what our two governments the stability of the Asia-Pacific region. are doing, working hard for an historic new I understand that there is some concern GATT arrangement that cuts back subsidies, in Asia about America’s commitment given especially for exports. That’s why the U.S. our imminent departure from Subic Bay in is committed to working with GATT Direc- the Philippines. Let me put it plainly: I’ve tor Dunkel’s new text. We believe his draft served in Asia, personally, in time of war moves us closer to finally concluding an and in time of peace, and with changing agreement. While not perfect, it makes an times, our posture is going to change to important contribution, and the inter- suit different needs. But our role and our national trading system is too important to purpose as a Pacific power will remain con- pass up this opportunity. I trust and hope stant. It is important that the people of Aus-

6 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / Jan. 2 tralia understand this. We intend to remain Australia also plays a leading role in the engaged no matter whatever the changing international fight against illicit drugs. And security arrangements of our time. I know I speak for millions of American And yes, we’ve talked about it here today parents in expressing thanks for your efforts with the Prime Minister, with the leader to fight drug abuse, to fight drug trafficking. of the opposition, with others. The cold war I believe the next generations of Aus- is over. But the threat of communism which tralians and Americans will grow even clos- for so many decades occupied our energies er. I see no threat to that at all. And I is now replaced by the instabilities of ethnic foresee a steady expansion of travel and cul- rivalries and regional conflicts. And yes, the tural exchanges in years to come. Australia’s Soviet Union, as we have known it, is his- natural beauty, of which I’ve seen regret- tory. It’s a new era. But like Australia, the tably little this trip, is really sensational, a United States has fought three wars in Asia powerful magnet for American tourists. But over the past 50 years. We know that our security is inextricably linked to stability more than this, it is the spirit of your coun- across the Pacific, and we will not put that try that earns Australia so much admiration security and stability at risk. I can assure in our country, in America, and indeed you that the United States intends to retain around the world. Your artists’ contributions the appropriate military presence to protect to film and dance and music have whetted its allies and to counter threats to peace. our appetites for more and more things Just recently in the Persian Gulf we wit- Australian. U.S. television carries Australian- nessed that the dangerous combination of rules football, and many Americans enjoy volatile regional conflicts and weapons of the rough and tumble of hard hitting with mass destruction requires our constant at- reckless abandon. We have something simi- tention. And so, I salute Australia’s leader- lar; we call it politics in the United States. ship in stemming the threat of chemical, [Laughter] biological, and nuclear weapons. It’s your But I credit the clear air of Australia for children and the children of the entire its effect on one of the freshest minds now world who will grow up in a safer world working in Washington. I’m speaking about thanks to such efforts. our Secretary of Education, Lamar Alexan- Australia and the United States are also der. In 1987, after completing 8 years as working to end another long-standing and Governor of Tennessee, Lamar took his wife tragic regional conflict. Our combined ini- and children to spend half a year in this tiatives in the United Nations have been beautiful country. And now that he’s joined major factors in the progress toward peace my Cabinet as Secretary of Education, and free elections in Cambodia. Both of us Lamar Alexander is working for revolution- have now reestablished official representa- ary changes to improve our schools. tion in Phnom Penh in order to move the And this, too, is part of our program to peace process forward. Australia is making an additional contribution by sending a sen- make America competitive and strong and ior military officer to head the U.N. peace- to help it grow. Secretary Alexander is pro- keeping force in Cambodia. And I am proud moting innovative ideas that he saw in prac- of our collective efforts to end the night- tice right here in Australia, for instance the mare in Cambodia and usher in a new era large measure of freedom that Australians of hope and rebuilding. have in choosing among private and reli- And finally, American and Australian aspi- gious or state-operated schools. And when rations for the future are evident in our in- we succeed with some of these reforms, creasing cooperation on such matters as en- we’ll thank pathfinders such as Australians vironmental protection, educational, and so- for their example. cial issues. We can take pride in our Gov- Of course, we’ve always shared fraternal ernments’ joint actions toward conservation ties and a spirit of freedom ever since an of the tropical forests, protecting endan- American vessel named Philadelphia be- gered species, and promoting technologies came the first trading ship to call at Syd- for clean-burning coal. ney’s Port Jackson in 1792. Almost a centu-

7 Jan. 2 / Administration of George Bush, 1992 ry later, Mark Twain visited Australia and For me, this has been a great honor. For spoke for all Americans when he said, ‘‘You Barbara and me, it has been a sheer pleas- have a spirit of independence here which ure to be with you all here for these short cannot be overpraised.’’ 21⁄2 days. But this hospitality of the Aus- And 50 years ago in the Coral Sea, Aus- tralian people is indescribable. I couldn’t tralians and Americans paid a high price for possibly tell you how emotional I feel about freedom, but they proved to the world that it. So, let me simply say thank you again the future belongs to the brave and the for the extraordinary honor of allowing me bold. For the half century since, we have to address this distinguished Parliament. deepened our friendship, our economic May your debates be lively and full of interdependence, and our collaboration on friendship and affection, as they once in a mutual defense. And now, more clearly than while are. And may God bless you all. And ever, we can see a hopeful future for the may the Lord smile on the kinship and farflung kinsmen of Australia and America friendship of Australia and the United and for all who share those fundamental States of America. Thank you very, very ideals that we hold dear. We’re prepared much. to work as partners in the next century to break new ground for freedom, cooperation, Note: The President spoke at 1:45 p.m. at and economic progress. Parliament House.

Remarks Announcing Funding for the Australian Center for American Studies in Canberra January 2, 1992

Thank you, sir, for those kind words. And his master’s degree from Melborne Univer- let me just say how pleased I am to be sity. here helping to launch this Australian Cen- The benefits of educational interchange ter for American Studies. We share a lot come in many, many ways. The late Gordon in common. You touched on that, sir, cul- Samstag, an American artist who taught at turally, historically, even linguistically. But the South Australia School of Fine Arts, en- differences do exist. And we can and should dowed that school with a scholarship fund do much more to foster greater understand- of $6 million to support Australian students ing. studying abroad. And in 1988, former Prime There’s much that we can learn from each Minister Bob Hawke helped to launch this other, education and the sciences, certainly Center for Australian Studies at the U.T., in trade, economics. Study and exchange in at the University of Texas at Austin, contrib- these areas will not only benefit our two uting $50,000 Australian dollars to the Cen- nations but enrich the lives of those inter. volved and increase the productive capac- Today I’m pleased to announce that the ities of the participants in our two countries’ U.S. Information Agency is similarly con- economies. tributing $50,000 to the Australian Center Mutual understanding is not only enrich- for American Studies. I hope this center will ing but also is a vital prerequisite to peace lead to an expansion of American studies and prosperity. The Fulbright program has in Australia. More broadly, I have spoken brought about the exchange of thousands today about our intention to host an edu- of Australians and Americans. And among cation ministerial under APEC auspices. the many distinguished alumni of that pro- And our Secretary of Education will invite gram are my host in Sydney yesterday, Nick APEC education ministers to Washington Greiner, and U.S. Ambassador, our U.N. next summer. And I’m very enthusiastic Ambassador, Tom Pickering, who received about this addition to APEC’s agenda. It

8 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / Jan. 2 seems only right that it not all be about here. We’ve really had a good time here. politics and war and peace. We’re talking And your hospitality has been absolutely here about an educational agenda. fantastic. And I think it says something The challenge the future holds is to find about how this center can prosper. People new ways to increase mutual understanding. just get that feeling of mutual camaraderie, And I am confident that the Australian Cen- et cetera. That in itself, I think, will help ter will open many new paths for Americans in these troubled times. and Australians to deepen these ties, deep- So, thank you all very much for being en our ties and help ensure prosperity for a part of this. our citizens. So, this is a good day, a happy day. And I know I speak for Barbara when I say that Note: The President spoke at 2:20 p.m. in we are both proud to have a part in it. Mural Hall at Parliament House. In his re- And to those Australians here, let me just marks, he referred to Nick Greiner, Premier tell you what I told our joint meeting in of New South Wales.

The President’s News Conference With Prime Minister Paul J. Keating of Australia in Canberra January 2, 1992

The Prime Minister. Good day. Thank you think there’s only one area of difficulty, and for coming. And just before I invite the we’ve talked about that very frankly with President to say a few words, just to outline, you, sir, with the opposition, with agricul- first of all, the structure of the press con- tural leaders. And I feel it’s been very fruit- ference so we can operate smoothly, our ful in terms of the U.S. on all of this. program will be to take, first of all, some But otherwise, I would simply say to you general remarks from the President first and we’re very pleased to be here, and thank then from me and then permit time for you for your hospitality. And I’ll be glad about seven or eight questions. And I hope to take my share of the questions. we’ll be able to take a roughly even amount The Prime Minister. Mr. President, I from both the Australian and visiting press. thank you for those remarks and say what I presume you are delineated here some- an honor it has been for me to represent where and that we can point to you. the Government and people of Australia in In the interest of maintaining order, I’ll welcoming you and Mrs. Bush to Australia nominate the questioner, who should state and having you here. You’ve had a warm their name and organization that they rep- reception from the Australian public, which resent before directing the question to ei- I think has been evident to everybody, and ther myself or to the President. we’ve been most, most pleased about that. Could I now invite the President just to And it is true, we’ve had broad discus- make some introductory remarks, and then sions which I think have increased the I’ll follow him. bonds of friendship between our two coun- The President. My remarks, Mr. Prime tries and certainly given me as Prime Min- Minister, will be very brief. And I simply ister a chance, an opportunity to get to want to, once again, thank you, thank all know the President and his views and to of our official hosts, and thank the people also make a couple of important, what we of Australia for the warmth of the reception think are important points to him. And that on this visit. We’ve enjoyed it. It’s been a was the importance that Australia places on busy time. I hope that we’ve made progress having the United States engaged in a politi- on the issues where we may have dif- cal and economic framework in the Asia- ferences. I should say ‘‘issue’’ because I Pacific and the importance of having won

9 Jan. 2 / Administration of George Bush, 1992 the cold war, setting up an institutional pledged to that end. And I know they’ve framework of a Breton Woods style but in tried. These farm leaders have traveled to trade. Europe, and they’ve been to England and, And we see this best being accommo- I believe, France and Germany. And so, dated with the GATT, a successful conclu- they are fully engaged, private sector. sion of the GATT round, as a framework I think now it’s important, given the for the reentry of countries reentering the Dunkel report, that I as President and the world economy for the first time in either Prime Minister as Prime Minister engage half a century or most of a century. to the fullest to try to get the one answer So, on those very broad fronts we’ve had to EEP that’s going to make the most sense. extensive discussions, as the President said. And that is a successful conclusion to the On the other issues, we’ve dealt with them GATT round on agriculture. in a working-like way. And he has very kindly met our farm representatives, and I think Japan-U.S. Trade we have a reasonable understanding of our Q. Mr. President, last weekend your positions on those issues. Commerce Secretary, Bob Mosbacher, said So, could I now invite questions. that Japan was partly responsible for the re- U.S. Export Enhancement Program cession in the United States. Was he reflect- Q. My question is in relation to the EEP. ing official policy in saying that? I understand, following your discussions The President. Well, Mr. Mosbacher al- with the farmers, you’ve agreed to have ways reflects official views except when I some sort of consultative process operate disagree with him. [Laughter] And that is in the future before decisions are made. very, very seldom. And on this one I haven’t How exactly do you envisage that consult- heard his statement, so I would only want ative mechanism will work? And do you en- to see it in full context. visage that it will have the effect in future But look, we’ve got a tremendous imbal- of stopping the areas that have in the past ance with Japan, tremendous. And one of affected Australia? the reasons we’re going there is to see if The President. Well, we discussed having we can’t find ways to sort that matter out. some consultative arrangement, and I sug- But we’re enjoying sluggish times, and not gested it would be very useful to the farm enjoying them very much. And the Prime leaders if they’d come—they’ve been to the Minister has impressed on me that Australia States, I think, several of them—they come is having difficult economic times. And the again and consult on this EEP. answer to all of this, whether it’s in Japan- There were some factual differences pre- U.S. or Australia-U.S., is to get these econo- sented at the meeting by our expert and mies going through expanded trade. by them. And so, I think we ought to just And so, I’d want to know in context what try to eliminate differences where possible. Bob said, but anytime you have an extraor- And I made very clear to them, and I’d dinarily big trade imbalance, I think you like to say it once more, that the EEP legis- would say that that would be contributing lation was not aimed at Australia. It was to a lack of economic growth. And so, if aimed to try to get the EC, who are subsi- that’s what he said, I certainly couldn’t find dizing 10 times as much as the United a way to differ with him. States, to come into line and to get on Q. Could I cheat a little and ask a very board on a sound GATT agreement. closely related double-hitter? So, we’ll see how that works out. But we The President. Sure. didn’t set up any procedures in any exact, you know, three-point program for eliminat- Multilateral Trade Negotiations ing differences that we might have. The an- Q. Mr. Bush, are you able to give a com- swer, though, that they do agree with me mitment, irrespective of what might on, and I’m sure the Prime Minister does, happen in other sectors of the Uruguay is to get a successful conclusion of the round, the United States Government will GATT round. And I told them that we are accept nothing less in agricultural trade

10 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / Jan. 2 than has been proposed by Arthur Dunkel? operation of EEP. And as well as that, we’ve And I was wondering if I could ask you, asked him that where the U.S. is not en- Mr. Keating, your report of how satisfied gaged in sales in markets where the Euro- you are with Mr. Bush’s response both to pean Commission is engaged in sales, that our EEP submissions and to our concerns is, in non-EC markets, would he examine that NAFTA could, under some cir- those markets with a view to keeping the cumstances, develop into an inward-looking subsidization of EEP from them. He can’t, trading bloc. obviously, at this point, give a clear commit- The President. Let me answer. We see ment on the markets, but he has agreed some very positive elements in the Dunkel to look and examine them. And we’re very paper. I can’t say—we certainly don’t want happy about that. to accept less, if that was your question, So on the general point, we believe the and there’s some things there that we would GATT offers the best opportunity on trade like to see improved. But I do think that generally, that the Dunkel package is just there’s a lot of good work being done there. that, a package, and if adopted would lead And we will be working closely with the to significant improvements in the trade and Europeans to try to get agreement. And I’d agriculture, and including the impact on leave it right there because I don’t want EEP. to indicate that we think that we’ve gotten Q. Mr. Bush, what do you see as the con- everything that the United States wants, nor sequences if Europe does not buy into do we think that the Cairns group has got- Dunkel’s proposal? ten everything the Cairns group wants out The President. I see that it would be very, of the Dunkel paper. All we’re saying is it’s very bad if we don’t get a successful conclu- a good position from which to finalize the sion to the GATT round. And we have not agricultural part of trade and the rest of discussed here in Australia fallback posi- it, too. We’ve got some difficulties with tions. We are not prepared to give up on some parts. Agriculture, we see, has moved the successful conclusion of the GATT fairly well. round. But without trying to predict disas- The Prime Minister. Could I add to that? ter, I can simply say I think it would be I think that the thing which is most com- a very bad thing because I think you’d see forting to Australia—I think in answering more protection, more selfishness in the the question, I’ll make three points: The trading system that would inevitably shrink first is, it’s a matter of great comfort to us markets and cost countries jobs. And so, we that we have an internationalist as President must go forward, and we must try to get of the United States, someone who has a successful conclusion. committed himself to an open trading sys- I feel more strongly about that since I’ve tem, multilateral trading system, that re- had the benefit of several long conversations sisted protectionist pressures and is commit- with this Prime Minister. He’s very knowl- ted to seeing the GATT round successfully edgeable on these international financial concluded. And as the President has said, matters and also with the agricultural sector there are elements of the GATT round that in this country. I really had my—I’m more can’t be—it’s a package. Some parts all highly attuned even than I was to the im- countries would be more satisfied with than portance of getting this done. So, I don’t others, but it is a package, and it’s a package want to worst-case it, but I can just say about round which we believe discussions that it would be totally unsatisfactory to see can take place. that GATT round fail to come to a satisfac- If there is a successful conclusion of the tory conclusion. GATT round, many other things will change, and including in that would be, of course, mandatory windbacks under EEP Trading Blocs which you asked me about. And the Presi- Q. Any possibility, sir, of three world trad- dent has agreed this morning that we will ing blocs, as the Prime Minister has dis- have an information exchange on EEP; that cussed? is, at least we will know more about the The President. Well, we don’t want any

11 Jan. 2 / Administration of George Bush, 1992 trading blocs that do not include Australia. don’t take much stock in what the Demo- And I went out of my way to say that as cratic leaders in the Congress say, setting we’re negotiating for a free trade agreement up goals for a trip or knocking them down. with Mexico and Canada, for example, I I’m just not inclined to run the foreign pol- want our Australian friends to know that icy of the United States in that regard. It’s that would not be detrimental to our free been happening for 3 years, and they’re en- trade with them. titled to their opinion. But it won’t influence And one of the things the Prime Minister how I conduct myself on this trip, and I and I discussed, and I’ll clearly defer to him certainly am not going to accept their stand- on this, is the fact that we don’t want to ards for success or failure of a mission. see Asia and Australia kind of pushed aside Having said all that, I want to see us get into some separate bloc. So, you might have more jobs created in the United States a European trading bloc; an American trad- eventually by concessions made or by posi- ing bloc, North, South, and Caribbean; and tions taken in Japan. I think it is very impor- an Asian bloc. That is not the way you get tant. And we need more access to their more jobs. The way you do that is to have markets. We need to have more content in broad expanded trade between them. So, autos that are made in the United States, I don’t want to predict and suggest that this have U.S. content there, have a fair shot would be an outcome, but it would be an at it. But I don’t think that I should let outcome that we certainly would not find the agenda be set by some political chal- satisfactory. lenge in an election year. That is not the way one conducts sound foreign policy. Cambodian Peace Plan I saw all kinds of crazy, ‘‘Well, if he Q. The United Nations appears to be doesn’t get this or that, we’re going to throw dragging its feet a little bit on the Cam- in the legislation.’’ We know political pos- bodian peace plan. There’s no concrete plan turing when we see it. And I know what’s in place, no budget being put forward. Have good policy. And it is to stay involved inter- you been asked or do you intend to urge nationally, and it is to create more jobs at in the United Nations that more speed be home, not by trying to protect and pull back taken on these matters? Certainly, Mr. Hun into some isolationistic sphere but by ex- Sen, the Prime Minister of Cambodia, is panding markets. And that is what this trip extremely concerned about this matter. is about. The President. Well, I wasn’t asked to ac- Q. Mr. President, if the Japanese are of- celerate anything on this visit. I was told fered concessions that they consider inad- by the Australian leadership of the impor- equate, are you prepared—— tance of this. We feel that way. Secretary The President. It’s too hypothetical a Baker, as you know, has been involved in question; let me just cut it off right there. it, and we strongly support this concept of I cannot go into hypothetical—we haven’t the U.N. acting in this peacekeeping role. even gotten to Japan yet. We’re still in Aus- But I wasn’t asked to take on a specific tralia, remember? assignment in that regard. But it is important, with agreement having come this far, The Economy that it be followed up on now, that it not be allowed to fall apart. Q. Mr. President, you referred earlier to the sluggishness of the U.S. economy. Do Domestic Politics and Trade Policy you feel the recent cut in discount rate to Q. Mr. President, Democratic leaders in 3.5 percent is sufficient to stimulate your Congress last week said the success or fail- economy? And if you think extra measures ure of your trade mission will depend on are needed, when would you expect to an- whether you obtain any major concessions nounce these? from Japan. Do you agree, and at this point The President. No question that it will are you at all hopeful that you will be able have a stimulatory effect. It takes a while to obtain any major concessions? for that to get through something as com- The President. Well, in the first place, I plex as the U.S. economy, but it has been

12 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / Jan. 2 very, very well received at home. an export program that is causing great con- And I think that it is well-known at home cern in this country is either a flap or dimin- that I plan additional stimulatory measures ishes my credibility as I go into a market to be announced in the State of the Union where we are getting real problems in terms Message which comes at the end of this of access. month. And they will not be counter- Q. We, of course, welcome you, perhaps productive; they will not be on-the-cheap with the observation that it only took 25 politically, something that has a nice politi- years for the White House to find the map cal ring to it but then would be counter- of where we live since the last time a Presi- productive in terms of interest rates. But dent visited. Sir, following on from that I do think that the U.S. economy could use question, isn’t there just—— a sound fiscal stimulation, and I will be pro- The President. I’m not sure I get that posing that kind of a program in our State point. [Laughter] of the Union Message. Q. Twenty-five years since we last saw But yes, this was very, very important. an American President here. The President. Oh, President. I’m sorry, Free and Fair Trade I misunderstood. Q. President Bush, doesn’t this whole flap Q. Wondered if you lost the map, per- here in Australia about agriculture subsidies haps? in the United States, which you indicated The President. Oh, I see, yes. [Laughter] you were not in a position at this time to Q. Sir, following on from the last ques- abolish, undermine your credibility, sir, tion, is there not just the faintest whiff of when you get to Japan wearing the mantle hypocrisy here that you are demanding of of a free-trader asking for concessions the Japanese that they lower their barriers there? so that you can sell more motor vehicles The President. No, because nobody’s to them, yet you impose and extend the pure. We have differences with Australia on barriers on our meat and sugar in particu- this; I won’t unnecessarily bring them up lar? in front of my very genial host here. But The President. No, I don’t think so. We I had a chance to tell them of things that were extraordinarily helpful in opening the I’d like to see Australia do where we might Japanese markets on meat. And indeed, the feel there could be a little less protection. agricultural leaders that I met with today He was very clear and very forceful in tell- thanked me for that, similarly for citrus. So, ing me his. besides that, I love coming to Australia. So, I don’t consider it a flap, incidentally, I take your point, but if somebody takes when you discuss an issue where you have that as to be a matter of neglect, why, that’s differences. I think it’s very important that too bad because this relationship is very, the American people and the President un- very strong. derstand how the agriculturalists in this But I’m glad to be here now. I was glad country look at this Export Enhancement to be here as Vice President, glad to be Program. here earlier on as a private citizen, and un- And so, I don’t think it’s contradictory at doubtedly will come back. all. We’ve never said we’re totally pure. We are working for freer and fairer trade. And Japan-U.S. Trade certainly the Japanese should be working for Q. Mr. President, President Miyazawa, in freer and fairer trade. And if one country honor of your trip, a few days in advance could hold up its hand and say, ‘‘We have of your trip anyway, is urging his auto- never had any protection of any kind or sub- makers to buy more U.S. auto parts and sidization of any kind,’’ that country then encouraging consumers to buy more Amer- should be—holier than thou—be able to ican cars. Do you consider that already a make the point. success for your mission, or do you think We are going there into Japan and asking that the Japanese still need to do more? for equity, fairness, fairplay. And so, I don’t The President. Well, I want to find out think a discussion, a healthy discussion of exactly what all this means, how it’s going

13 Jan. 2 / Administration of George Bush, 1992 to be translated, but clearly, we welcome wafted its way down here yet, but it casts statements of that nature. I think that’s very, some aspersions on the findings of the War- very good, very heartening. But I have not ren Commission’s reports. And also it raises had a chance to sit down with Mr. some questions about possibly the CIA’s Miyazawa and talk about that in some de- role in this. You’re a past CIA Director. tail. I wonder, knowing you possibly haven’t The Prime Minister. Perhaps a couple seen the movie, are you concerned about more questions. One on this side. movies like this which may trouble people who weren’t even born at the time of John Consultation on Agricultural Subsidies Kennedy’s assassination? Q. President Bush, could you just clarify The President. Well, I don’t know much this mention of consultations for us? The about the movie. I haven’t seen it. And farmers seemed very convinced you have there’s all kinds of conspiratorial theories given an undertaking to have consultations floating around on everything. Elvis Presley before subsidized sales. That doesn’t seem is rumored to be alive and well someplace— to square with what you said earlier in this [laughter]—and I can’t say that somebody press conference. If that’s not right, you won’t go out and make a movie about that. haven’t gone as far as that, how does your I have seen no evidence that gives me any undertaking about consultations differ from reason to believe that the Warren Commis- those given by your predecessor? sion was wrong, none whatsoever. And so, The President. I’m not sure I understand; if it’s helpful to reassure the American peo- I don’t know what they’ve said publicly. ple in this way by saying that, fine. But What they said is they, the farmers, would it wouldn’t lead me to suggesting that Mr. like to come over and consult. And I said, Stone be censured or something of that na- ‘‘Come on, let’s go.’’ This would be good, ture. and I’d like to have some American farmers Q. As a former CIA Director, did you there, as well as Government officials. It ever go back and see the CIA’s findings wasn’t tied in, as far as I know, to any spe- during that period to satisfy any of your cu- cific pending action under the export pro- riosity? gram. The President. About this subject? Q. And not in relation to any future ac- Q. Yes. tion? The President. No, I didn’t have any curi- The President. Well, they asked that there osity because I believed that the Warren be consultation on a whole array of things. Commission, which acted—when was that But I think we’re getting it mixed up a little finding? When was the Warren Commission bit with what the—— finding? Was it—— The Prime Minister. I think it’s a mix- Q. It was in ’63 or ’64. up between information—— The President. Which was about 12 years The President. ——the Government and before I was out at the Agency. I saw no also with this private sector group. These reason to question it, still see no reason to farmers were there not as Government offi- question it. cials but wanting to come over and talk to our agricultural experts and to our farmers U.S. Role in the Pacific themselves about this whole program. And I said, ‘‘Come on, we would welcome you.’’ Q. President Bush, you said today that But that was where that one was left. Now, you promised again today to maintain a the other one, I have not been able to military presence in the region at an appro- make—I think the Prime Minister—let me priate level. People in the region are not put it this way, I subscribe to the way he so sure. What does appropriate mean and, phrased it. for instance, is the ANZUS treaty, in effect, dead? ‘‘JFK’’ The President. Well, the appropriate level Q. A change of pace, if I may, sir. There’s of security depends on conditions at the a new movie called ‘‘JFK,’’ which has not time. What I was addressing myself to was

14 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / Jan. 2 the fact that some felt with the closing of Domestic Politics and Trade Policy Subic that we would withdraw and pull way Q. Mr. President, you were talking with back from any possible security commit- some glee about engaging the Democrats, ments. And I think one has to know—I knocking some Democratic heads. In the can’t tell you what that means in terms of last 2 days you’ve said—— keeping our security interests alive here or The President. ——in the last couple of keeping a military presence here. It de- days. That could change. That could change. pends on events. It depends obviously on Q. The status—— deployments of various naval groups. But The President. No, not totally. I think it’s all I wanted to do was reassure the people ridiculous to start throwing in special legis- of this area that we are not, because of the lation just before a trip to kind of look like closing of Subic, we are not pulling back the macho trying to dictate the foreign pol- from future security considerations. We are icy of this country. It’s crazy. But they have a Pacific power, we think. We know we’re their own constituents, and I’ve got mine. a Pacific trading power. And we are going But it’s all good-spirited, and we’ll do our to stay involved with the security concerns thing, keep it on broad international prin- of our friends. ciples, and then take my case to the Amer- I can’t tell you exactly what that means ican people. in terms of troops, where they’ll be; vessels, And the American people do not want where they’ll be. That depends on the situa- to go back into isolation, cutting off foreign tion that might exist at the time. We had markets. They want to expand them. And a very different security deployment in the they remember, some of them are old Middle East a year ago than we have today. enough to remember the thirties with de- And so, things can change dramatically. creasing world trade. And some of them are But all I’m just doing is giving proper not old enough, but they’ve studied enough assurances that our military as well as our about it to know that protectionism begets economic interests are still housed in the shrunk markets and further unemployment. Pacific to a large degree. And so, I can understand it when a Con- ANZUS gressman gets up and, ‘‘Well, if you don’t Q. ——the ANZUS treaty with the coun- get x commitment here in this district, why, tries of the region? I’ll introduce legislation.’’ That’s fine. They The President. Do I what? don’t have the responsibility for conducting Q. Do you still need the ANZUS treaty? the policy, and I do. The President. Well, we still need the Q. Does Europe show signs of under- treaty that exists, that we refer to as standing that, though, Mr. Bush? ANZUS. As you know, there’s been some The President. They will before we’re difficulties with that that it’s no point going through. into now, as much as this is the last question. But nevertheless, the concept of the Note: The President’s 115th news conference ANZUS is very, very important to us. began at 2:50 p.m. in the Main Committee The Prime Minister. Important to both of Room at Parliament House. In his remarks, us here. he referred to Arthur Dunkel, Chairman of That will do it. Thank you, ladies and gen- the Trade Negotiation Committee and Di- tlemen. Thank you, Mr. President. rector General of the General Agreement on The President. Thank you very much. Tariffs and Trade, and Prime Minister Thank you, Prime Minister. Kiichi Miyazawa of Japan.

15 Jan. 2 / Administration of George Bush, 1992

Remarks at a Dinner Hosted by Prime Minister Keating of Australia in Canberra January 2, 1992

This is an impossible situation, following to Australia. And I think back to my own two such articulate, young, and vibrant lead- little history: I was 17, about to reach my ers of this country. But first, let me simply 18th birthday a month later, when the Bat- say thank you to the Prime Minister for his tle of the Coral Sea took place. And I think hospitality and to all of you for making Bar- those of us in that vintage, and there are bara and me feel so very much at home. not many in the room I’m pleased to say, It feels odd to hear myself referred to but those of us in that vintage will always as the leader of the free world. I told Bar- remember that and therefore will always bara, somebody in Sydney said I was the have this very special feeling about Aus- leader of the free world. She says, ‘‘Hurry tralia. up and get out of the bathroom; we’re late. But one of the things that interests me Run.’’ [Laughter] on this visit is hearing some educators talk- I won’t try to put you in what we call double jeopardy. You heard me over there, ing about the need to be sure that the here next door in this beautiful building. younger generations remember this, not And I’m also reminded of two sayings. One necessarily the smoke and the gunfire and in our Congress is, ‘‘The speech you don’t all of that, but the significance of these two give is the one that helps you get re- great countries standing together. And this elected.’’ [Laughter] And I’m about to be visit for us has simply reminded me, and running, I think, for President. And sec- then I think through me as President, the ondly, I love the one about the kid that American people, of the importance of this went to church with his grandfather, and relationship. It is clear. It is unambiguous. he said, ‘‘Granddad, what are all the flags There is great friendship. along the side of the church for?’’ The And yes, we have some differences. And grandfather said, ‘‘Well, that, son, is for we faced up to them. They thrust me into those who died in service.’’ And the kid the arena with three of the biggest farmers said, ‘‘Oh, really? The 9 o’clock or the 11 I’ve ever seen in my life. [Laughter] I won’t o’clock service?’’ [Laughter] And I’m re- single them out, but when I shook hands minded that I went on for about 25 minutes with one I made the mistake of giving him today, so you don’t need another full load. that kind of political embrace when you put I was reminded of something, though, your hand on his arm; it’s all muscle, sheer today perhaps of some significance, inter- iron. And I said, ‘‘I’d better listen to what national significance, that it is likely that I this guy has to say.’’ [Laughter] will be the last President of the United And so, it’s been a good, frank visit. We States who served in the World War II. And haven’t held back. We discussed our dif- I heard very generous assessments by the Prime Minister and by the leader of the ferences. But I think they have been over- opposition about my service. And yes, I was whelmed by the common interests that the shot down off the shores of Chichi-Jima. United States and Australia have. And I had only wished that I had met Dawn So, it has been for us an enormous privi- Fraser before because I tried to set the lege. We’ll never forget it on a personal record for swimming away from the island. basis. And I happen to believe that it will And if I’d known her I might have done simply reinforce this feeling of friendship a better job of it—[laughter]—and not been and alliance and strength that is indeed the so scared. relationship between Australia and the But anyway, why, I think of the Coral United States of America. Sea experience and what it means to the So, thank you from a grateful heart for United States and, of course, what it means a fantastic visit.

16 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / Jan. 3

Note: The President spoke at 9:32 p.m. in ferred to Olympic gold medalist Dawn Fra- the House of Representatives Chamber at ser. A tape was not available for verification Parliament House. In his remarks, he re- of the content of these remarks.

Remarks to Business and Community Leaders in Melbourne January 3, 1992

Premier, thank you for that wonderfully culture and principles to promote prosperity warm introduction; and to all of the people at home and democracy abroad, especially of Victoria, this wonderful city, for the the jobs and economic growth that is my warmth of your reception. I’d like to salute highest priority. the Deputy Premier, Jim Kennan, and his This morning, Barbara and I visited the wife, Janet; Governor McCaughey and his Australian War Memorial, where our alli- wife, Jean; our Ambassador, Mel Sembler, ance reminded me of General Patton’s and his wife, Betty. I’d like to single out words: ‘‘Wars may be fought with weapons, and identify, for those of you who have not but they are won by men.’’ The memorial met him, our very able Secretary of Com- stirs the memory of heroes who stood with merce who’s traveling with me on this trip, our troops in combat, heroes who fought Secretary Bob Mosbacher, over here; and together to defend our common ideals. And thank our hosts for a wonderful day here, our task now is to join together to create two of whom I think are also with us at a world where the force of law outlasts the this luncheon, Dick Warburton, who’s presi- use of force. dent of the American Chamber of Com- The successful end of the cold war brings merce, and Brian Loton, the president of the promise of a world of peace and dignity. the Business Council of Australia. Its triumph is inevitable, but only if democ- Australia’s national anthem speaks of a racies are resolute. Globally, Australia has land abounding in nature’s gifts, of beauty encouraged this concept by supporting a rich and rare. Well, Barbara and I feel rich- more engaged United Nations. And region- er for the rare privilege of being with you ally, you helped shape the framework for today. And Joan, tell your friend that the the Cambodian peace settlement agreed to only button that I have my finger on these by warring factions. And I assure you, here days is the one where I try to set the clock on my VCR. [Laughter] And I hope it al- too, we, America, are your partners. We will ways stays that way. not abandon the special responsibility we And I’m also glad to visit this country have to help further stability in this region. where much of your beautiful land is known More than 150 years ago, President An- as bush country. [Laughter] And now, if I drew Jackson appointed J.H. Williams as the can just get that description to apply to 50 first American consul here. Arriving from States back home, all will be well. [Laugh- Boston, Williams was greeted by a news- ter] paper article. ‘‘We welcome his arrival,’’ Ten years ago this May, I first visited Aus- read the Australian paper, ‘‘as a pledge of tralia to mark the 40th anniversary of the increasing intimacy between the two coun- Battle of Coral Sea. And since then, we tries from which mutual advantages may be have toiled together to advance what I call expected to flow.’’ One hundred and fifty the hard work of freedom. I’m here to talk years ago. of how Australia and America can use that In the Persian Gulf conflict, those advan- work to help build a better world. And we tages served the cause of peace. And you will build it through liberty and opportunity were quick to condemn the Iraqi invasion, and through trade that is both free and fair. to endorse economic sanctions, to send And we will build it by using our common ships to participate in the multinational coa-

17 Jan. 3 / Administration of George Bush, 1992 lition. And I thank you also for sending You know that America is enduring tough medical teams and humanitarian relief to economic times, and I know that Australia Kurds and Iraqis fleeing Saddam’s oppres- is facing hard times as well. American com- sion. On Iraq, it is my hope that the Iraqi panies exported $8.5 billion in merchandise people now will rid themselves of that bru- to Australia in 1990, $200 million more than tal dictator, Saddam Hussein, so that our in 1989. And we both need the new jobs countries can start over with Iraq. You see, that increased exports provide. Competition we have no argument with the people of has compelled American companies to Iraq or even with the military in Iraq. Our produce better goods and services than ever difference is with the bully, Saddam Hus- before. And I have full confidence that on sein. a level playing field our workers can com- Australia has stood fast for principles of pete with anybody, anywhere. decency and peace. In 1984 you helped cre- And speaking of success in a free and ate the Australia Group, which today in- fair trade environment, I have with me a cludes 22 member nations, each dedicated delegation of American business leaders, in- to preventing the use and spread of chemi- cluding some that do business very success- cal and biological weapons. Australia be- fully right here in Australia. Their success lieves that multilateral solutions can solve is a tribute not only to their commitment global problems. And so do I. Through two to quality but also to the basic openness World Wars and other international con- and fairness of Australia’s markets. flicts, Americans have learned that they can- I had an outstanding chance to visit today not divorce their destinies from the des- with businesses doing business right here tinies of Europe and Asia. in Victoria, some American, some others, History teaches that peace is indivisible; but all doing business and pleading for more political isolationism doesn’t work. As a new open and fair access to markets. The busi- century beckons, we will use that lesson in ness delegation is with me to help our ef- support of peace and in hopes of preventing forts to open markets and spur economic future wars. The Australian statesman Al- fred Deakin once said, ‘‘Next to our own growth all around the Pacific Rim. We ask nation we place our kindred in America.’’ no more and no less than you do: A playing He knew that we are all members of the field where partners treat each other fairly. world community. And so, we need to And like us, you understand that free strengthen our already steadfast commit- trade must be fair trade. I applaud your ment to Asia and to the Pacific region, in- policies to foster greater openness and com- creasing democracy, free expression, and petitiveness in the economy, especially eras- yes, free markets. ing most import quotas and cutting domes- In 1990, the two-way trade between this tic subsidies and tariffs. And I commend region and the United States totaled $300 your efforts to strengthen the international billion. And I say that we can, we must, economic system, spurring a regional effort and we will expand our ties of trade. In to promote freer trade by erasing trade bar- America, one-third of our growth between riers. 1986 and 1990 flowed from merchandise ex- Now, none of this has come easily, but ports. To increase that growth, which means thanks to you, we have made steady more jobs, Australia and America need the progress. And I am grateful that several cooperation that must be a cornerstone of years ago Australia led the way to create the post-cold-war world. That cooperation Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation, APEC, will increase trade, open markets, and en- the premier economic forum in the Pacific. sure jobs. Since APEC’s first ministerial meeting in On the other hand, economic isolationism Canberra 2 years ago, it has mobilized the is a bankrupt notion. Protectionism, it closes support of all 15 participants to push for markets, it ensures poverty, and it costs progress in the GATT Uruguay round. jobs. America cannot and must not go down And like the United States, other APEC that dead-end street, and we won’t as long members want to find ways to achieve sus- as I am President of the United States. tainable growth, increase employment, and

18 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / Jan. 3 preserve the environment. And so do we. I have agreed to greater bilateral dialog We want the jobs that stem from economic on this and other economic issues. Let us cooperation among Pacific Rim market show how the ‘‘Waltzing Matilda’’ can meet economies, including the United States. the ‘‘Texas Two-Step.’’ It can be done. And And just as we need your help, I want we will seek understanding in the future to pledge you our help. It is true that with as in the past. We can be proud of working so much in common, our two nations gen- together over the last five decades. And so, erally agree on goals. And let’s face it, it together let’s build upon that record. is also true that occasionally we differ on We must expand our bilateral relationship means. I’ve heard a good deal about one: in new ways that help our people. We both One difference is our use of this Export breathe the same air. So last April, we Enhancement Program, the EEP, it is agreed to pursue energy policies that will known as, to counter the agriculture sub- increase exports while preserving our envi- sidies of the European Community. ronment. And let me be clear, Australia is not the We both believe in the importance of target of the program. As I said before the education. So we launched the Australian Parliament yesterday, the EEP has one and Center for American Studies. This new cen- only one objective, to force the EC to stop ter will expand bilateral links by developing its avalanche of subsidized exports. The EC programs of value to business and education subsidizes 10 times the exports as do we and the universities. We hope this center in the United States of America. will cause future generations to say of I know discussions on this issue are dif- America and Australia, in the words of the ficult and that Australia’s position is based great hymn, ‘‘Blest be the ties that bind.’’ on the fact that Australian farmers are en- These ties are economic, military, social, during hardship. I’ve learned that firsthand and cultural. This trip I’m on is about broad on this trip. I met with representatives of principles that draw our two great nations Australia’s farmers just yesterday. And I together. It’s about the security of the Pa- heard firsthand their deep concerns, and I cific. And it’s about our global partnership. shared with them the depth of sentiment And it’s about our prospects for economic among America’s farmers. Our farmers are growth. hurting, too. I told them we weren’t looking Our relationship rests upon the shared for sympathy, but I pointed out that our values of our people: love of family, faith wheat production dropped by 30 percent in God, pride in country, desire to conquer last year. the unknown. The first pictures of Neil Both of us want progress. Back in Wash- Armstrong’s adventure on the Moon were ington, an Australian delegation recently vis- beamed from Australia’s radio telescope at ited our Department of Agriculture. We Parkes to a waiting world. Later, Apollo XV heard your perspective on the current world was named Endeavor after Captain Cook’s market situation and your appeal for sen- ship, in the hope of many future endeavors sitivity to Australian trade. Australian offi- between our two nations. cials have expressed interest in holding fol- So this new year, 1992, let’s look forward lowup talks early this year. That too is very to our next century together. Let’s do the encouraging. hard work of freedom for ourselves and es- Both our Governments are working hard pecially for our children. Let’s help them on the real solution to this difficult problem. meet the challenges of their time, as we’ve We can regain the momentum for progress met ours: Building the peace, creating op- by using what’s called the Dunkel draft as portunity, increasing the benefit of God’s a basis for achieving a successful conclusion bounty for all. to the GATT round of trade talks. It is es- Thank you all very much, and may God sential, believe me, it is absolutely essential, bless the people of this great land, Australia. not just for agriculture but for world trade, that those talks succeed and that we make real progress in a wide array of areas, but particularly on agriculture. Note: The President spoke at 12:40 p.m. at

19 Jan. 3 / Administration of George Bush, 1992 the World Congress Centre. In his remarks, he referred to Joan Kirner, Premier of Victoria.

The President’s News Conference With Prime Minister Goh Chok Tong in Singapore January 4, 1992

The Prime Minister. Good morning, ladies of our commitment to the region and the and gentlemen. The President and I have fact that we intend to stay as long as we had discussions on many wide-ranging top- are welcome. ics. I will not go into details. I would invite Singapore increasingly illustrates the char- the President to say a few words, and then acteristics of a truly successful nation in the you can ask the questions from there. modern era and a well-educated electorate, Mr. President. increasingly free to make its political choices The President. Well, thank you, Mr. felt, with access to information to make in- Prime Minister. And let me just say that formed choices. I recognize that democracy it is an honor and a privilege to be the underlies prosperity, and I also recognize first American President to visit Singapore. that no nation has a monopoly on defining I’ve been moved by your hospitality, the how to put it into effect. But there are uni- openness of our conversations, and indeed, versal values of civil, political, human rights by the welcome that Barbara and I have that we all can share. received here. And I’m proud of the progress Singapore Today I met with President Wee and had and the U.S. have made together, proud two very positive sessions, make that three, of the friendship its people and leaders have with Prime Minister Goh because we just shown over the past many years, and proud met with the business group that was here, to know that we have a very bright and his ministers, our businessmen, and the prosperous future together. Prime Minister and myself. We focused on So, thank you. And now, Mr. Prime Min- three areas: Expanded growth and oppor- ister, I’m delighted to follow your lead and tunity, security engagement, and the devel- take whatever questions come my way. opment of democracy and freedom in the The Prime Minister. Will I be the chair- region. man? On trade, I’m pleased to announce that The President. Unless we want to appoint we have agreed in principle to a bilateral someone else to do it. investment agreement. This will build on The Prime Minister. I’ll do it. the work we’ve begun under the trade and investment framework agreement or the Japan-U.S. Relations TIFA that we concluded last October. Q. Mr. President, there have been reports In the security area, the Prime Minister that East Asia nations want you to moderate and I discussed America’s continuing role your demands for trade liberalization by in the area. Our security arrangements in Japan, fearing that if you don’t you may in- this region will take a new form. The access flame anti-American sentiment and actually agreement that we have with Singapore is endanger U.S. security ties in the region. an excellent example of the types of ar- Have you heard such concerns, and are you rangements we would hope to develop to worried about a possible backlash that al- meet the challenges of the post-cold-war ready seems to be building in Japan? world. We’ve agreed in principle to look at The President. I don’t think there’s a headquartering an element of the 7th Fleet backlash building. I’ve read certain reports in Singapore, CTF–73. It’s a logistics com- that address themselves to the question you mand for surface ships. And it’s symbolic raise. It is not my intention to do anything

20 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / Jan. 4 other than to improve and foster a relation- And it gets to deficits. And one way to ship with Japan that we view as very, very be sure that you don’t have a recovery, and important. And I’ve been very encouraged I think we will have one, one way to be by statements by Mr. Miyazawa and others sure you don’t is to indicate that you’re in anticipation of this trip. going to send Government spending I might add, we’re going there to talk through the roof. And that would put long- about economic opportunity and jobs; term interest rates through the roof. And there’s no question about that. But we also that would be bad for the whole world trad- have other broad areas to discuss. And I ing system, and it would be bad for the would say the security concerns that we taxpayers in our country. talked about today with Prime Minister Goh will be high on the agenda. We’ll talk about Relocation of Command Task Force the world trading system. We’ll talk about Q. Mr. President, a question for both of our need to work together, Japan and the you, please: Yesterday U.S. officials left the United States, to help countries as they are impression that the transfer of CTF–73 to emerging into the democratic world. Singapore was a done deal. Is it a done So, we’re not going there in a kind of deal this morning? a aggressive mode, and I’m encouraged by The Prime Minister. Is it already a done the statements that I see coming out of deal? Japan. Q. Yes. I mean did you sign on the trans- Federal Budget fer? Q. Mr. President, you’ve been mentioning The Prime Minister. No. The President along on this trip how things are bad eco- and I discussed the possibility of their trans- nomically at home. And we understand now ferring the Command Task Force from that you’re prepared in your State of the Subic Bay to Singapore. We have agreed Union to call for renegotiation of the budget in principle. We welcome the presence of agreement to pay for various tax breaks and America in terms of security in this area. antirecession measures, such as tax breaks And so long as the access of Singapore is for first-time homebuyers. Is that the case, within the memorandum of understanding sir? And do you think things have now got- which we have signed some time ago, the ten bad enough where it’s time to renego- presence will be welcome. So, the details tiate the budget agreement? will be looked into by our Secretary of Min- The President. I don’t think the time has istry’s departments. come, and nor will it come as long as I’m The President. I’m referring to the Prime President, to try to do anything other than Minister here to orchestrate this, but go to hold the line on Federal spending. The ahead. American people are very, very clear that the Federal Government spends too much. Myanmar and Vietnam And the only good thing about the budget Q. There has been information that the agreement is that it does have overall caps United States is about to lift the trade em- on Federal spending. So, it is not my view bargo on Cambodia. Will the United States that we need to break those spending caps. also consider similar moves to other South- Q. So, you’re not considering in any way east Asian countries, especially Myanmar renegotiating the budget agreement? and Vietnam? Thank you. The President. Well, I’m not thinking of The President. Well, we want to see more renegotiating it in the sense of spending progress in Burma, Myanmar, before—I more money or getting out from under the think it’s a little premature to talk about only constraints, the only assurance that the that. Vietnam, similarly, the United States American people have that the Federal has a overriding, compelling desire to have Government isn’t going to take more out total assurance that we know the fate of of their pockets. And the budget agreement every American involved in the conflict with puts caps on spending, and I am for con- Vietnam. So, it is a little premature to an- straining the growth of Federal spending. swer in the affirmative regarding Viet-

21 Jan. 4 / Administration of George Bush, 1992 nam here and way premature in terms of more. How do you feel about that? Is some Burma, Myanmar. of this criticism justified, and will you be talking to these businessmen who are with Trading Blocs you? Q. Mr. President, the United States has The President. Well, perhaps some is, but consistently opposed the East Asia eco- I’ll tell you something, we have a bunch nomic caucus proposed by Malaysia. What of business leaders with us who represent will it take to change your mind? not just their own companies and the suc- The President. Well, we’ve had an oppor- cesses that they’ve had, nor do they only tunity to discuss that here. We understand represent those who have successfully dealt Singapore’s position fully. What we want to in Asia, but they also represent some of the do is be sure that we don’t look like we largest trade organizations, Chamber of are in favor of dividing the world up into Commerce, NMA, National Manufacturers; mutually exclusive trading blocs. And thus, the smaller business outfits, NFIB, the Na- I took a lot of time in Australia and had tional Federation of Independent Business; an opportunity here to give our view to the and others, too, President’s Export Council. Prime Minister and his colleagues on We’ve had vigorous discussions, they have, NAFTA, the North American free trade and the Prime Minister made this possible, agreement, to make sure, to the best of my with the top commercial ministers here and ability, that our friends in Asia understand others about just that point. The Prime that we are not trying to divide the world Minister says to me, ‘‘Hey, come on over, up into trading blocs. but you’ve got to be aware of what the mar- Our view has been, possibly the answer ket’s like here. You’ve got to do better.’’ better lies in using APEC, an expanded role And everybody in our country would say for that, perhaps. So, we are listening in that. But we say, ‘‘Yes, we’ll do better, and terms of the Singapore view on this one, yes, we think there’s opportunity, and let’s but I think the overriding point is we don’t work together to make these.’’ But also we want to do something that perhaps acciden- want access and cutting down of barriers tally does that which Singapore doesn’t so we can be here. want, what the United States doesn’t want, But I think there’s some fairness to that and divide the world into mutually exclusive in some areas. Singapore, it’s been pretty trading blocs. vigorous, I think, in a two-way street. Is that responsive? Myanmar Q. Yes. I was thinking about Korea. Q. Mr. President, there is a clear dif- They’ve often criticized Americans, and the ference of view between the United States Japanese too, for not being aggressive and ASEAN towards the approach to be enough. taken towards Myanmar. Have you dis- The President. Yes. Well, I think most cussed this subject at all with the Prime American businessmen would say we’ve got Minister? to do better in trying to adapt to foreign The President. This didn’t come up today, markets. So, that’s part of it. The other part and we’ll have some more time if the Prime of it is, hey, we want full access to markets. Minister wants to raise it. Our view is quite And so, it’s not mutually exclusive. But our well-known. message is: The more access we have, the more we can invest, the more that means, Asia-U.S. Trade eventually means, for jobs in our country. Q. Some Asian businessmen and some So, I think it’s a two-way street. Asian politicians, too, have criticized Amer- But our message is going to be listening ican businessmen for not being aggressive to where we’re not doing it right. These enough. They say Americans complain so business people are smart. They’ll take the much about trade barriers, unfair trade message back to their colleagues through practices, but they say that the old Amer- these vast organizations and say, ‘‘Here’s ican can-do, the old American good sales- what we need to do now to get smaller and man, for example, that’s just not true any other businesses doing better in the United

22 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / Jan. 4

States by having investment and trade cut deeper into defense spending? abroad.’’ So, that’s the approach we’ve been The Prime Minister. There was no res- taking. ervation. What I said was, we have agreed in principle. Of course, the details are not U.S. Military Presence in the Pacific available to us, and the details would have Q. Mr. President, I’d like to ask you one to be discussed between the two sides. And question. Do you see any political reasons only when you know the details can we then to keep the strong military presence of the sign an agreement. But this will be within U.S.A. in this part of the world after the the framework of the memorandum of un- breakup of the Soviet Union? derstanding which we have with the United The President. We see less—because of States. So in principle, I’ve told the Presi- the hostility that existed, cold war hostility— dent that there’s no problem. we see less imminent threat. But who knows in this changing world where the security U.S. Military Spending threats will come to the freedom of small The President. And my answer to that ASEAN countries, for example. And what question is, we are examining all these ques- we will do is preserve a certain security tions right now. And if, given the changes presence. in the world, there are ways we can save But I think it’s fair to say that as the further on defense that has absorbed quite world has changed dramatically, as the cold a few cuts, I’d like to be able to recommend war is over, the threat that existed between that to the American people. But all that, the Soviet Union and the United States is we’re working right now with the Secretary certainly way, way, way down. And I think of Defense on these questions. But I would our friends in Asia see it that way. But I hope that the answer would be in the af- think everyone recognizes that there can be firmative. But again, I’d like to have the untoward happenings. We saw one just a available time left between now and when year ago in the Persian Gulf that required I finalize all of this to stay a little loose a mobility and a presence eventually in the on it. But we’re looking for saving taxpayers’ Gulf by the United States. money everyplace we can. So, we are not in a war frame of mind. Q. Well, if I may, sir, Secretary Cheney We’re in a peace frame of mind, but we’re says he and Dick Darman have already keeping our eyes open. And there are cer- agreed on a figure. tain security considerations that ASEAN The President. Well, I don’t know that countries agree with us exists, and we’ll just he said that. I haven’t been told that he’s act accordingly. agreed with Dick Darman. So, I’ll let you Q. Mr. Prime Minister, if I could bring know as soon as I hear, maybe. you back to an earlier question. The President. He’s got one for the Prime U.S. Military Presence in the Pacific Minister. Then let me come over there, sir, if you would. Q. Mr. President, a few minutes ago you mentioned the Gulf crisis. Is it one of the Relocation of Command Task Force objectives of the United States in devising Q. I’d like to bring you back to the earlier these new, more flexible regional security question about the bases here in Singapore arrangements to ensure that, if there is in since there had been this expectation of future some kind of regional crisis, that the agreement and there now seems to be more United States and its friends and allies in to talk about. Do you have specific reserva- this region can cooperate together more ef- tions about more American troops coming fectively to damp down or contain such a into this country? problem? And can you give us an idea of And if I could, Mr. President, bring you the kinds of crises you see emerging in the back to an earlier question as well, which future? was the question about defense spending The President. No, but I think the first in the U.S. Even though you don’t want answer to your question is, yes, I think there to break the budget, are you now going to should be an ability to respond flexi-

23 Jan. 4 / Administration of George Bush, 1992 bly. And that is what any security arrange- ber for you. Some of what we’re going to ments would be about. They would be very be doing is setting in motion, hopefully, ma- sensitive to the desires, indeed, demands of chinery that will result in more American any host country. But the point I‘m trying jobs. Just the discussions we had on invest- to make is, as we move out of Subic because ment here today could do that. the Filipinos want us to, the Philippine So, I can’t help you on exact numbers, Government wanted us to, that does not but I can say, yes, I am determined to do mean that we’re withdrawing, pulling back, everything I can, internationally and domes- and saying we have no responsibilities to tically, to try to create more jobs. Our un- our friends in the area. employment rates there are not satisfactory, I’d rather not try to hypothecate as to 6.9 or whatever the last figure is. Some say, what kinds of conflicts might emerge in the ‘‘Well, that’s 3 or 4 points lower than the future. I gave you an ex post facto example depth of the recession in ’82.’’ That doesn’t of one that was very much on the minds matter to me, because I will repeat what of everybody from just a year ago. And that I’ve said: ‘‘For the person out of work, the happens to be over in the Persian Gulf. And unemployment is 100 percent.’’ So, we’re I might say I’m very grateful for Singapore’s going to just keep on trying. understanding of that; their willingness to, as they did, send medical teams to the area. Budget Agreement But I just think it would not be productive to try to foresee a specific flare-up that Q. Back to the budget agreement, sir. would require the presence, the kind of Separate from the caps issue is the question presence I’m talking about. I just think that of categories and the fact that, as it stands would be—I don’t want any prophecy of now, you cannot take savings from one cat- that nature to be self-fulfilling. We’re talk- egory and put it in another. Are you ready ing about a much more peaceful world to change that part of the agreement so that today and an American security presence you could take savings from the defense and helping keep it more peaceful. So, I would put it into domestic issues? just not like to go into the second part of The President. Let me say, frankly, I’d your question. like to put it into the pockets of the Amer- Yes, Jessica [Jessica Lee, USA Today]. ican taxpayer if I possibly could because I think that’s what is needed. Maybe it would Job Creation be nice to do something about the deficit, Q. Mr. President, you said that the focus and maybe it would be nice to do certain of this trip now is jobs, jobs, jobs. When things that can stimulate our economy, and you were campaigning for President in 1988 that could call for alterations in the tax sys- you promised that you were going to try tem. But I would just leave it right there to create 30 million jobs. I’d like to know because I think it is important that we have how many jobs you estimate you could cre- the overall restraining effect of the budget ate between now, let’s say, and the fall to agreement. help people who are hurting right now in Now, what that means in terms of jug- the United States, over the next 6 to 8 gling it around from one account to another, months? we have to wait and see what the rec- The President. I don’t know that there’s ommendations are out of defense and other any number that I could put on something areas. Because as you know, if you do of that nature. The question is to numbers change, touch defense, why, that could re- of jobs. All I know is the world and certainly quire some kind of adjustment. But it’s a the United States, much of the world has little premature to go beyond that which gone through some sluggish, difficult eco- I said in an interview that has triggered an nomic times. And therefore, what we want awful lot of this interest on December 23d, to do is to do everything we can through and I don’t intend to go beyond that. this international trip, through things we But I will simply reiterate my determina- can do at home to create jobs in this coun- tion not to do anything that is going to re- try. But I don’t think I can set a exact num- verse the economy and make it worse.

24 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / Jan. 4

And one thing that would make it worse to America’s economic ills. How do you an- is if I came out of here, talking about, okay, swer that? Katie, bar the door, let’s let spending go The President. I answer it by referring back out through the roof and remove all to able leaders of ASEAN countries who the restraints on it. And I’m not going to tell me what it is they’d like to see us do do that. The American people still feel the to be more active in Asian markets. I an- deficit is too high. They still feel that they’re swer it by saying we are a Pacific power, taxed too much, and they’re right. and we’re going to stay involved in the Pa- So, one way to work in good faith with cific. We have disproportionate responsibil- the American people is say I’m going to ities for security around the world. And I do my level-best to stand up against these think the Prime Minister would probably crazy spending schemes that want to go fur- agree with that, and we are going to keep ther and make the deficit worse. And I’m those commitments. And I’d leave it on a not going to do that. very broad basis like that. U.S. Role in the Pacific Q. There’s been a lot of talk about how Note: The President’s 116th news conference power in this region, particularly, in the fu- began at 11:40 a.m. in the courtyard at ture will not be military; it will be economic. Istana Palace. In the news conference, the And that there is a perception among Asian following persons were referred to: Prime nations that the United States is a declining Minister Kiichi Miyazawa of Japan and economic power and that you have put too Richard G. Darman, Director of the Office much emphasis on this tour as a panacea of Management and Budget.

Remarks and a Question-and-Answer Session With the Singapore Lecture Group January 4, 1992

The President. Thank you, Mr. Minister. a friend. To Prime Minister Goh, Senior Minister Prime Minister Goh, I salute you, sir, for Lee. I’m delighted to be here, and thank your wisdom, for your vigor in carrying you, sir, for that very kind introduction. Let Singapore forward now on its path to the me take this opportunity to say a few words future. I am grateful for the wonderful talks about these two gentlemen I’ve just referred we had this morning, and I pledge Ameri- to. ca’s steadfast friendship as you lead Singa- Minister Lee, a quarter of a century ago, pore in facing the challenges of the coming you led this small island of cultural and eth- generation. And I’m also pleased that you, nic diversity, of limited physical resources, like many of your countrymen, came to the to independence. And then, through your United States of America for part of your vision and your force of intellect and will, education. These too are ties that bind us you forged Singapore’s nationhood. You together. stood courageously in a life-and-death strug- Now, on to the business at hand. It’s an gle against the Communists, and you pre- honor to deliver this lecture, following such vailed. You led your nation and your region leaders as Brian Mulroney and Helmut in the quest for peace and prosperity. It Schmidt and Ruud Lubbers, Bob Hawke, is my convinced view that future genera- Mahathir bin Mohamad, and Vale´ry Giscard tions will honor the name of Lee Kuan Yew. d’Estaing, and such distinguished thinkers And as you know well from your visits in as Henry Kissinger and Milton Friedman. my own home in Kennebunkport, Barbara’s Let me acknowledge Professor K.L. and mine, I am pleased to know you as Sandhu, director, Institute of Southeast

25 Jan. 4 / Administration of George Bush, 1992

Asian Studies; A.V. Liventals, the chairman, dishes, and other devices that transmit Mobil Oil Singapore; Lee Hee Seng, deputy news, information, and culture in ever chairman and board of trustees, ISEAS; and greater volumes and at ever greater Dr. Richard Hu, chairman of the Monetary speeds—have disabled the weapons of tyr- Authority of Singapore and the Finance anny. The old world of splintered regions Minister. and ideologies has begun to give way to a Let me also salute the members of the global village universally committed to the U.S.–ASEAN Business Council, with whom values of individual liberty, democracy, and I just met, who are here with us in this free trade and universally opposed, I might auditorium today. add, to tyranny and aggression. The addresses in this series reflect the If we are to realize the opportunities of changes in our world. Your first lecturers this new era, we must address three inter- focused on the ideological and military twined challenges: The new requirements struggle between socialism and democratic of peace and security, the challenge of pro- capitalism, and especially between the moting democracy, and the challenge of United States and what we used to call the generating greater economic growth and Soviet Union. prosperity around the world. Think of that phrase for just a moment, Consider first the challenge of peace and ‘‘what we used to call the Soviet Union.’’ security. The world has learned, through When citizens pulled down the hammer and two World Wars and most recently, as Sen- sickle 10 days ago and hauled up a new ior Minister Lee talked about, through Sad- tricolor of freedom over the Kremlin, the dam Hussein’s naked aggression, that the Soviet Union ceased to exist, and the pros- dogs of war can be unleashed anytime pect of a new world opened before us. That would-be aggressors doubt the commitment act culminated a decade of liberation, a of the powerful to the security of the pow- time in which we witnessed the death erless. throes of totalitarianism and the triumph of systems of government devoted to individual As a nation that straddles two great liberty, democratic pluralism, free markets, oceans, a nation tempered by painful war- and international engagement. time experience, the United States remains As this struggle has drawn to a close, committed to engagement in the Atlantic these lectures have shifted their focus from community and the Asia-Pacific region, and military confrontation to matters of eco- we are unalterably opposed to isolationism. nomic cooperation. Our new world has little That’s my vow to you, as long as I am Presi- use for old ways of thinking about the roles dent of the United States of America. and relations of nation-states. The cold war A quarter century ago, many feared that categories, North-South, East-West, capital- free nations would fall like dominoes, re- ist-communist, no longer apply. The future member the domino theory, fall like dom- simply belongs to nations that can remain inoes to the subversion of communism. on the cutting edge of innovation and infor- Now, we can say with pride and a robust mation, nations that can develop the genius sense of irony that the totalitarian powers, and harness the aspirations of their own the powers that fomented conflict the world people. over, have indeed become the dominoes of Individuals wield power as never before. the 1990’s. An innovator, equipped with ideas and the This end to the cold war gives the United freedom to turn them into inventions, can States an opportunity to restructure its mili- change the way we live and think. Govern- tary. Having said that, I want to assure you ments that strive only to maintain a monop- and all of our many friends in this part of oly of power, rather than to strengthen the the world that the closing of bases in the freedom of the individual, will fall by the Philippines will not spell an end to Amer- wayside, swept away by the tides of innova- ican engagement. We will maintain a visible, tion and entrepreneurship. credible presence in the Asia-Pacific region Liberating technologies—telephones, with our forward-deployed forces and computers, facsimile machines, satellite through bilateral defense arrangements

26 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / Jan. 4 with nations of the region. reconciliation to the long-suffering people That is why I’m pleased to announce that of Cambodia. this morning we’ve reached agreement with And additionally, when the Paris con- the Government of Singapore to explore in ference agreed on a peace settlement for detail how we can transfer a naval logistics Cambodia, my Government offered to re- facility from Subic Bay in the Philippines move our trade embargo as the United Na- to Singapore in the next year. We appre- tions advance mission began to implement ciate Singapore’s far-sighted approach to the the settlement. And today I am pleased to security requirements of a new era. announce the lifting of that embargo. Work- The United States does not maintain our ing with others, we need to turn attention security presence as some act of charity. to the economic reconstruction of that Your security and your prosperity serve our deeply wounded land, and so its new politi- interests because you can better help build cal reconciliation has a home from which a more stable, more prosperous world. An to grow. unstable Asia burdened with repression We are now normalizing our ties with does not serve our interests, nor does an Laos and have begun to move with Vietnam Asia mired in poverty and despair. We need along a path marked by implementation of you as free and productive as you can be, the Paris accords, and for the sake of many, and we understand that our security pres- many American families, the satisfactory ence can provide a foundation for our mu- resolution of our concerns, our deep con- tual prosperity and shared defense. cerns about POW’s and MIA’s. But we also need your support in address- The key point is this: After being strong, ing the new threats of this new era, regional determined, and patient, we finally can en- conflicts, weapons proliferation. And so, I’m tertain realistic hopes of building lasting ties pleased that the ASEAN nations are work- of interest and affection with Indochina. Or- ing with us to craft new and flexible ar- ganizations such as ASEAN which promote rangements to ensure the common defense. security, more open political systems, and Access agreements and increased ASEAN– open markets form the building blocks for U.S. dialog can help us work cooperatively what I’ve called the new world order. to promote stability in the whole region. By working cooperatively, we better share the This movement toward democracy leads security responsibilities of the post-cold-war us to the third challenge for the future, the era. challenge of economic growth and building Strong, credible security arrangements a world of open and fair trade. enabled us to meet the second challenge, Everyone agrees that political rivalry and the challenge of democracy, a challenge of military adventurism threaten international shared interests and shared ideals. Again, stability. But no one should doubt that eco- ASEAN is helping to spread positive politi- nomic isolationism, protectionism, can be at cal change in ways that reflect the values, least as threatening to world order. The pro- aspiration, and cultures of the nations in this tectionist wars of the twenties and the thir- region. ASEAN is trying to help the former ties deepened the Great Depression and set Communist states in Indochina reintegrate in motion conflicts that hastened the Sec- themselves in a world that respects free ond World War. markets and free people. Those efforts are On the other hand, during the past half starting to produce very hopeful results. century, engagement and trade have pro- Just a few weeks ago American diplomats duced unprecedented peace and prosperity arrived in Phnom Penh for the first time here in Singapore, throughout free Asia, in in 16 years. We owe that breakthrough to Europe, and in the United States. This pros- years of effort by many nations. But the perity also has led naturally to democracy, Cambodian peace accord signed by Sec- a fact that illustrates the indivisible relation- retary Baker in Paris last October could not ship between security, democracy, and indi- have existed without the help and the co- vidual liberty. operation of ASEAN. This historic agree- The United States will remain engaged ment offers the very real hope of national economically, especially in this part of the

27 Jan. 4 / Administration of George Bush, 1992 world. The Asian-Pacific region has become of the marketplace. The General Agreement the world’s economic dynamo. Our trade on Tariffs and Trade can play an especially with Singapore, it’s increased tenfold during crucial role in expanding freedom’s eco- the past 16 years. We now export more to nomic frontiers. And that’s why on each Singapore than to Italy or Spain, more to stop of this important trip I’m calling for Indonesia than to the whole of Eastern Eu- urgent action on behalf of the international rope. The economies here continue to grow trading system. I am urging the world’s at an astonishing rate while enjoying im- trading nations to join with us in making pressive income equality and general pros- GATT Director Dunkel’s proposed draft perity. agreement the basis for the successful con- The ASEAN countries, along with other clusion of the Uruguay round. nations in the region, helped initiate the While all of us have problems with por- Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation process tions of that draft, none of us can afford 2 years ago, APEC. APEC offers a powerful to let the progress it represents slip away vehicle for sustaining free, market-based into the past. Now is the moment for a trade, for advancing the cause of regional strong collective response. And I particu- and global trade liberalization, and for larly urge the dynamic trading nations of strengthening the cohesion and inter- this region to help us to convince all GATT dependence of the whole Asia-Pacific re- participants to build the momentum to gion. achieve this agreement. A successful conclu- Now this is important to us. Most of sion to this Uruguay round can prepare the America’s recent economic growth has come from export industries. Each billion way for even greater trade liberalization in dollars’ worth of U.S. exports support many years to come and greater prosperity for ev- thousands of good American jobs. eryone. A delegation of executives from major GATT ensures that the world will con- American businesses, from the automobile tinue moving toward broad economic inte- industry to computer and electronics firms, gration and not toward trade blocs. I don’t to food and energy companies, has joined have to point out to an audience in Singa- me in order to express our national commit- pore, especially an informed audience like ment to free and fair trade. Our executives this, that there’s a huge difference between will learn more about opportunities here, a free trade zone, an oasis of free trade, and they will also work to help other firms and a trade bloc that attempts to hold the compete fairly throughout the world. With rest of the world at bay. We resolutely op- us today also are the American Ambassadors pose efforts to create economic fortresses to the ASEAN countries. They will be re- anywhere. turning to the United States soon to tell On the other hand, we wholeheartedly American businesses there about the oppor- endorse free trade agreements. Let me be tunities that exist in ASEAN. clear on something. Our North American The United States is trying to establish free trade agreement will beckon all nations an economic operating framework to facili- to make the best of the resources and op- tate and to encourage these ties. This past portunities that the United States, Canada, October we agreed to a new trade and in- and Mexico have to offer. NAFTA, that vestment framework agreement with Singa- North American free trade agreement, is pore. And I propose that we complement not a threat to Asia. It would not encourage that agreement by negotiating a bilateral in- the division of the world into trading blocs. vestment treaty. When combined with our Instead, our increased growth can stimulate global efforts through GATT and our re- more trade with Asia. And we support ef- gional initiatives through APEC, this comforts to build free trade agreements else- prehensive approach can enable us to meet where, including among the ASEAN na- the economic challenges of the post-cold- tions. war era. Consider your own experience. A regime Americans believe in free and open trade. of free trade has enabled Singapore to be- Nations can achieve astonishing levels of come one of the Four Tigers of Asia and prosperity when they embrace the challenge one of the fastest developing nations on

28 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / Jan. 4

Earth. When other nations’ economies fal- Beyond that, the nations of the world ter, you suffer. The worldwide economic want to enjoy the blessings of growth with- slowdown has slowed your rate of economic out destroying the environment. And we growth this year, although most nations need to achieve environmental protection would be overjoyed to settle for 6-percent without denying developing nations the op- growth. I can speak for one. [Laughter] portunity to develop. The United States has Singapore has one of the most open econo- environmental expertise and state-of-the-art mies on Earth, and I appreciate Singapore’s environmental technology. The Asian na- leadership on pressing for even greater mar- tions have environmental challenges. ket freedom around the world. I am pleased to announce today that AID, But we also need to consider the full im- the U.S. Trade Development Program, the port of economic development. An economy Overseas Private Insurance [Investment] is the aggregate of work, ingenuity, and op- Corporation, OPIC, and our Ex-Im Bank timism of a nation. The term ‘‘economy’’ have developed a creative approach in part- encompasses what millions of people do nership with this region to better address with their lives. And therefore, when we the challenge of balancing the environ- talk about strengthening economies, about mental protection with development. We growth, about opportunity, we mean much hope we can coordinate our effort with more than signing trade pacts. We mean those of other developed nations through building better lives for our people. various types of support, including U.S. Americans understand that no nation will equipment and technology. This will be prosper long without a first-rate educational good, be good for Asia’s environment, good system. And I’ve encouraged Americans to for American jobs. mount a revolution in education. We call it the America 2000 education strategy. In conclusion, the nations committed to America 2000 challenges our citizens to set democracy and free markets have brought high standards for their schools. It encour- the world to a new era, one that promises ages all Americans to join forces in creating unprecedented freedom from violence and world-class schools. And meanwhile, we will deprivation. But this world will not simply continue to strengthen our university sys- happen. It will require hard work, tough tem, we think the world’s finest and the negotiation, sacrifice, and the courage of host today to over 200,000 students from our convictions. And if we cast our lot with Asia. Perhaps one may be a future Prime the forces of enlightenment and freedom Minister. I am certain she’ll be a good one. over the counsels of defeatism and igno- [Laughter] And our APEC educational part- rance, we will build a better world, a world nership initiative is seeking to link these bound by common interests and goals. educational ties to our mutual economic in- Like you, Americans desperately want a terests. world at peace, one in which no blood must Once we have given students basic skills, be shed for the ideals we all share. So, we we must give them the freedom to make will maintain a vigorous security presence the most of the knowledge they have ac- in order to prevent despots and tyrants from quired. Tax cuts and deregulation in the undermining the triumphs of freedom and 1980’s helped unleash the greatest peace- democracy. time economic recovery in American his- Like you, Americans want to live in a tory. And while in my country reducing the world enriched and enlivened by inter- tax on capital gains is somewhat controver- national trade in goods, in ideas, in cultures, sial politically, most of our competitors im- and in dreams for the future. We want the pose very low taxes on capital gains. Some, opportunity to compete aggressively in the like Singapore, don’t tax capital gains at all. international marketplace. And at the same We can learn from you. We can create a time our consumers want access to the best climate even more conducive to risk, to in- goods and services that your economies novation, to the bold exploration of new have to offer. We want to live in a world technologies and ideas, and I’m confident made better by the genius and achievement we will. of every culture. So, we will advance the

29 Jan. 4 / Administration of George Bush, 1992 prospects for more open trade. other people’s goods. That is not what it’s And like you, Americans want a world about. If we are successful in the NAFTA, united and enlightened by freedom and jus- that will increase markets for Asian goods tice, by political pluralism, by the universal in South America which has been an area commitment to individual liberty and pros- that needs economic help. perity. So, we will stand fast by our prin- So, the first answer is, help with GATT, ciples and remain confident, strong, and successful conclusion of the Uruguay round. vigilant. And the second answer is, please under- Since 1784, when an American trading stand that NAFTA, and I can only speak ship, the Empress of China, sailed for Can- for American participation therein, and I’m ton from New York, the United States has sure it’s true of President Salinas of Mexico tried to build strong ties of commerce with and of Brian Mulroney of Canada, have no Asia. We remain committed to that vision. intention of having that free trade between And together, the United States and its ourselves be a block to ASEAN goods. Stop Asian-Pacific allies can indeed build a world worrying about it. That isn’t going to hap- filled with economic tigers, nations growing pen. rapidly, pioneering new intellectual, com- If I could think of a third reason, I’d tell mercial, and cultural terrain, spreading the you. [Laughter] But those are the two I’ve blessings of free markets, democracy, and got. peace. My trip through Asia this week U.S. Role in the Pacific marks a new start. The next step is up to all of us. Q. Mr. President, I believe that most Thank you again. And may God bless you, countries in the Asia-Pacific region want to the people of Singapore, people of the see the U.S. continue to play a major eco- United States of America. Thank you all nomic and security role in the western Pa- very, very much. cific. But many are worried that Japan may Q. Ladies and gentlemen, we have a tight become the leader in the economic com- schedule, threaten to squeeze out the ques- petition, especially in trade and investments, tion-and-answer session. We have a very few in the Asia-Pacific region. Will the U.S. re- questions that the President has offered to spond to this Japanese economic challenge meet. So, can I ask the questioners to be and stay in the competition? However, if brief, to the point. State your name, and Japan eventually becomes the preeminent get to the point quickly, please. investor and trader in the region, will the U.S. remain engaged in the economies and Free and Fair Trade the security of the region? Q. Mr. President, the trend in closer eco- The President. Good question, and the an- nomic interaction within region, with Eu- swer is yes. Regardless of what happens, rope forging a single market and the U.S., we are going to continue our cooperation Canada, and Mexico moving towards a in terms of security. That’s a given. That’s North American free trade area, will grow important. It’s important, I think, to in momentum in the 1990’s. How, in your ASEAN. And I think it’s very, very impor- opinion, can we ensure that these trends tant to my country, to the United States do not result in inward-looking economic of America. blocs? How can APEC as a body promote I’m not as gloomy as the question implied greater economic openness and counter in terms of Japan dominating ASEAN. I these inward-looking trends? Thank you. would be worried about it if I thought that The President. One, help us reach a suc- we would all acquiesce, including Singa- cessful conclusion to the GATT round. pore, in a bloc to offset Canada or to offset Therein lies the most important single step a perceived trading bloc in Europe. Then I that can guarantee against trading blocs. would be concerned about that. But I don’t Secondly, accept my word that nothing in think that is going to be the reality because the North American free trade agreement we are going to forcefully, with our best we wants to contribute to dividing the world can offer in terms of economics and invest- into trading blocs, into blocs that shut out ment and in two-way trade, stay involved in

30 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / Jan. 6 the area. cern wasn’t about the Soviet Union, if that’s If you predicated it by saying, the world what he was talking about. The major so- will divide into three blocs, do we have any called ‘‘superpower confrontation’’ has been concern about domination from an eco- between the United States and the Soviet nomic superpower, which is Japan, I’d say Union, Soviet Union with its satellites and you could have some concerns there. But the United States with its friends and allies. that’s not what I see as the reality. And And now, with the dissolution of the Soviet I hope that in some way this trip contributes Union, we see that this doesn’t exist. That to the idea that we want to avoid blocs that major cold war security threat, if we handle shut people out and we want to open mar- things properly with the emergence of the kets that cause people to come in. republics or this Commonwealth, should no And so, that is the way I look at it right longer concern us. now. But we will stay engaged. I’m looking We’re going to stay engaged with the re- forward to the part of my trip that takes publics. We’re going to stay engaged with me to Japan. We have trade problems there. the Commonwealth, helping in every way They’re aware of it; we’re going to talk to we can these now-fledgling democracies as them. But it’s not going to be exclusively they emerge and strengthen their independ- on that. I’m interested, as you know, in cre- ence. We want to see that there isn’t a secu- ating jobs for Americans through fair trade, rity threat from that part of the world. through access to markets, through matters I may be missing what he’s getting at, of this nature. But we also have a wide array but I just think we have to guard against of other considerations that I will be dis- unpredictability, and thus the security pres- cussing with the very able leaders of Japan. ence will remain in Asia. It may be different And it might well be that we will talk about than it’s been in the past. The whole make- the idea that we ought not to see this world up of the U.S. defenses has been changing, divided up into regional blocs. as you know, but we are going to retain, So, I’ll do my best in that regard. because of unforeseen circumstances and with the welcome of our friends in this area, Europe a security presence here. Q. It was with some irony that I read So, if the distinguished leader of China recently in the observation of Li Peng, Chi- was implying that wasn’t necessary anymore, nese Prime Minister, China’s Prime Min- fine. That’s a good—and I’m confident that ister, that in fact, with events surrounding China is not seeking external hegemony. the dissolution of the ex-Soviet empire, There was a time when everybody was events in Yugoslavia, that in fact the single much, much more concerned about that. source of threat to your new world order But we’ll be here. We’ll be around as a is no longer security in Asia-Pacific but in stabilizing, reassuring security presence fact Europe. Your comments, please. where wanted. The President. Mike, please elaborate. I By that, I can’t say that we think the only didn’t see the comment by Li Peng, and threats to worldwide security might emerge I need a little more of what he was talking in this area; we don’t. But we’ve had a Pa- about. Threat to Europe, in what sense? cific presence, and we’re going to continue Q. In the sense of the threat to the new to have a Pacific presence. world order that you referred to earlier, the Still not sure I got to the point, but any- theater of threat from a sort of geopolitical way, that’s the answer. and military sense is no longer question marks over Asia-Pacific but more question Note: The President spoke at 12:50 p.m. at marks over the European theater. the Westin Stamford Hotel in Singapore. A The President. Well, see, I wouldn’t agree portion of these remarks could not be veri- with the premise that in the past the con- fied because the tape was incomplete.

31 Jan. 6 / Administration of George Bush, 1992

Remarks at a Breakfast With Korean and American Business Groups in Seoul January 6, 1992

First, let me just thank our Korean busi- year, and I’m sure some of you all wonder ness guests for taking time away from fan- what the heck does this mean in terms of tastically busy schedules to be with us today. the U.S. commitment to free and fair, open I view this as an important meeting. I view trade. And I just want to assure you that this as a meeting where I undoubtedly will we will remain committed. I think the learn. American people want that in spite of the Secondly, I’d like to comment overall on siren’s call of protection. our trip. A lot of this trip is about business I would like to urge that every business and how we can do more, thus creating op- person here from the United States and portunities in the United States, job oppor- Korea use whatever influence you have with tunities; and similarly, if you believe as we your trading partners in Europe and else- do, and I’m sure everyone here does, in where to get a successful conclusion of the free trade, job opportunities here in Korea. GATT round. The one thing that I think But in saying that, I wanted to also emis vitally important now, the thing that phasize that I am not neglecting, because should most be targeted is the successful of this emphasis, my sincere concerns about conclusion of that trading round. And it security considerations that bind us to- really is important. gether, the cultural aspects, the scientific And the last point I’ll make is, I know aspects that bind Korea and the United that some look at the North American free States together. So the trip’s about a lot trade agreement in Asia and wonder, is the of things. But this breakfast, obviously and United States—worried about perhaps the properly, the focus is on business. GATT round not finishing properly, suc- We watch in admiration the success of cessfully—planning on forming a trading the companies that you all represent around bloc in North America and South America, here. We have with us a distinguished group that would spill on down past Mexico into of American businessmen who have taken South America? a lot of time from their own busy lives to Let me tell all of you here, our Korean go with me. And I wondered at the begin- friends, that we will not be trying to acqui- ning how all of this would be received by esce in dividing up the world into trading our foreign hosts. But in Australia and blocs. And the NAFTA in our view, when Singapore and then just a preliminary feel- successfully concluded, will open up mar- ing here, I think it’s been a wonderful idea. kets for Korean businessmen in a more And I think they’ve learned, and I hope prosperous Central and South America. you’ve learned from the interchange with We’re convinced in the United States, I am, these business leaders from the States. And and I think the businessmen here are, that they are not only representative of their a successful conclusion of that round means companies, but many of them, as you know, more jobs for Americans. But it also means are heads of our leading business groups, broader trading markets for our friends in large and small. So, they’ll go back and take Asia. back the message of how we further busi- And I’ve stated this to the leaders in Aus- ness opportunity. tralia, to the leaders in Singapore, and I I will say that I’m determined as Presi- just wanted you to hear from me directly dent of the United States to fight the waves that we aren’t having some fallback position of protection that are almost inevitable of a North American trading bout that in when one’s own economy is not doing well. any way would detrimentally affect the pri- But one way to make things do less well vate business interests here in Korea. You’re is to resort to protectionism. And I am not doing too much, you’re moving out in ex- going to do that. But we’re in an election actly the way we respect.

32 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / Jan. 6

And I am grateful, as I walked around the people not only in my country but the the room, hearing about the American and people, the average man on the street in the Korean partnerships and about the in- Korea. vestments that some of your companies So, thank you all very much for coming. have made in the United States. That means And now, I came to listen. I talked too long jobs to us. It means opportunity for Ameri- already. But I want to hear what you all cans. So we don’t view that with alarm; we have, and please don’t hold back. If there’s view that as something that is very, very some criticism or suggestions as to how the good. And the only thing I’d like to ask U.S. Government can do things better, I is that all of us do our level-best after the want you to let me know, because this is successful conclusion of this GATT round a good opportunity. to be sure that all the markets are open and free and fair. Trade is the goal. And Note: The President spoke at 8:17 a.m. at I think that will ensure the prosperity of the Hotel Shilla.

The President’s News Conference With President Roh Tae Woo of South Korea in Seoul January 6, 1992

President Roh. Good morning, ladies and Bush made clear that as a Pacific power gentlemen. I am especially delighted to the U.S. will continue to play a constructive meet again with the journalists traveling role in promoting peace and common pros- with President Bush. Today I have had very perity in this region. useful talks with President Bush for more I explained to him the initiatives and en- than one hour and a half. We have ex- deavors that we have put forth to ease ten- changed wide-ranging views about the ongo- sion and secure peace on the Korean Penin- ing changes in the world and the shifting sula and the consequent progress in rela- situation in the Asia-Pacific region. tions between South and North Korea. President Bush and I have earnestly dis- President Bush reaffirmed the principle that cussed the roles of our two countries in pro- the problems of the Korean Peninsula moting durable peace and security on the should be settled directly by the South and Korean Peninsula, as well as ways to ad- North themselves and fully supported the vance our bilateral cooperation. We have accords that have recently been reached be- also exchanged frank and candid views on tween the two areas of Korea. how to strengthen the free international President Bush and I jointly reaffirmed trade system and how to expand economic the unshakable position that North Korea and trade ties between our two countries. must sign and ratify a nuclear safeguard At the outset I expressed my deep appre- agreement and that the recently initiated ciation for the outstanding leadership of joint declaration for a nonnuclear peninsula President Bush in dismantling the cold war must be put into force at the earliest pos- structure and in freeing all mankind from sible date. nuclear terror. I emphasized that the roles We discussed ways for the U.S. to regular of our two countries in promoting lasting expand contacts with North Korea in close peace and prosperity in the Asia-Pacific re- consultation between our two countries, in gion and the bilateral cooperation are grow- tune with progress on the North Korean ing even more important. nuclear issue and in inter-Korean relations. In the quest for those common goals, all President Bush once again stressed that nations in this region, including Korea, the U.S. security commitment to Korea re- ought to fulfill their responsibilities com- mains unchanged and will continue to be mensurate with their capabilities. President honored. We agreed that our two nations

33 Jan. 6 / Administration of George Bush, 1992 should further strengthen bilateral ties in ing: The United States will remain in Korea the diplomatic, security, economic, sci- as long as there is a need and that we are entific, technological, and all other fields welcome. and further develop enduring partnership so I told President Roh that he deserves tre- that both will be able to prosper together mendous credit for the progress that has in the Pacific era anticipated in the 21st been made toward reunification on the pe- century. Once again affirming that common ninsula. His November 8th announcement prosperity must be sought through free set the standard for a nonnuclear peninsula trade, we pledged our two nations to closely which I fully endorse. While rapid progress cooperate to that end. is being made between the North and the I emphasized that my government is tak- South, I expressed my concern that the ing positive approaches to all areas for help- North fully implement its IAEA obligations ing to bring the Uruguay round of trade under the Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty. negotiations to a successful conclusion. As And moreover, the North and South should for negotiations in the agricultural sector, implement the historic bilateral inspection I explained that because of our peculiar sit- arrangements under the joint nonnuclear uation it will be exceedingly difficult to fully declaration of December 31st, 1991. If open our market in the immediate future North Korea fulfills its obligation and takes and asked for America’s understanding and steps to implement the inspection agree- cooperation in resolving the issue. ments, then President Roh and I are pre- I also stressed that our trade balance with pared to forgo the Team Spirit exercise for the U.S. dipped into the red last year and this year. explained our current economic realities, On economic and trade issues, I stressed emphasizing that a healthier development the need for Korean support to bring the of the Korean economy will be beneficial Uruguay round to a successful conclusion, to America also. a subject he just addressed himself to. I President Bush and I agreed to have the congratulated the President on Korea’s su- Governments of both countries mutually perb job of hosting the last APEC ministe- support and promote Korean business ac- rial meeting, and we agreed to support and tivities in the U.S. and U.S. business activi- strengthen APEC which I believe is one of ties in Korea. To that end, we agreed to the keys to continued regional growth. initiate Korea-U.S. subcabinet economic Bilaterally, I am pleased to announce that consultations to develop ways to promote we have agreed to an economic action plan economic partnership between our two which will establish a framework to resolve countries. bilateral trade and economic issues between We also agreed on the need to further us. expand bilateral cooperation in the fields of And on one final note, I think that the science and technology, and thus a new science and technology agreement that we science and technology agreement and a signed today is a serious framework for con- patent secrecy agreement were signed be- crete cooperation. tween our two countries this morning. So, thank you again, Mr. President. I’m Ladies and gentlemen, let me ask you delighted to be here. now to give President Bush, our guest of honor, an opportunity to speak. President Bush. First, Mr. President, may South and North Korean Negotiations I thank you for your hospitality. And of Q. South and North Korea have recently course, Barbara and I are very pleased to agreed on a South-North basic accord and be in Korea again at this historic time. the nuclear-free Korean Peninsula. But We have had good, productive discussions North Korea’s sincerity in carrying out this with the President, with members of his accord is questioned. Therefore, with regard Cabinet on security, economic, and political to the building of a structure for peace on issues. And I reaffirmed the commitment the Korean Peninsula, what discussions have of the United States to the security of been taken at the summit meeting? Korea. And let there be no misunderstand- President Roh. There are a lot of worries

34 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / Jan. 6 about North Korea’s compliance with the would have to be an expanded Security nuclear inspection. And when South and Council. So, we are in the position of hear- North Korea agreed on the declaration of ing from, as the world has changed, from nuclear-free Korean Peninsula, the pre- various friends, Japan being one of them, condition was that North Korea will sign others in Europe being among them, as to the nuclear safeguards treaty with the IAEA their aspirations to be on the Security and submit its facilities to international in- Council. spection. And that has been promised by But before there could be any change in the North Korean side. And in my view, the Charter, there would have to be exten- they will faithfully follow through with their sive consultation. It simply is not going to commitment. just happen. And so, we haven’t tried to Now, if and when North Korea balks at stand in the way of it, nor have we advo- these commitments, then I believe North cated Japan over other seriously interested Korea clearly understands what inter- people. national sanctions are awaiting for their I think President Nixon back in ’72 indi- faults. And in light of North Korea’s current cated a willingness to support Japan if the situation and realities, I do not believe Charter ever came open for change. But North Korea could forfeit their promises re- my experience at the U.N. tells me chang- garding these commitments. ing the Charter is extraordinarily difficult. And the United States and the Republic But we’ll be open-minded, and we will be of Korea will continue our cooperation and prepared to consult. our efforts to eliminate North Korea’s nuclear weapons development, as well as to Visit to Japan have North Korea abandon their nuclear reprocessing plants as well as the enrichment Q. Mr. President, tomorrow you head for facilities to the extent they exist. And we Japan, which has been characterized sort of will expect support and cooperation of the as the Super Bowl of this Asian trip of international society. And along with this yours. Politically, sir, what is the bottom line support, I am quite certain that our efforts for you? What do you have to achieve in will succeed. Japan and take home to the United States As far as South-North Korean summit to make that a successful trip? talks, we did not go into any specifics, but President Bush. I don’t know, but the po- President Bush has expressed his support litical opponents are already kind of raising of these talks to the extent that these talks the bar on the high jump. And we will be will be conducive for the reduction of ten- discussing in Japan economic issues, not ex- sion on the Korean Peninsula and for the clusively economic. We’re going to be talk- long-term unification of the Korean people. ing about the very important security considerations that Japan has. Indeed, we’ve Japan and the U.N. Security Council talked about them here in Korea. And so, Q. Mr. President, the U.S. has called for I have no set list that must be achieved Japan to take a broader role on the world to declare this visit a success. I’ve heard stage, to go beyond checkbook diplomacy. very positive statements coming from a very In line with that expectation, is the U.S. respected leader, Mr. Miyazawa. And that prepared to accept Japan’s request for a seat is all very encouraging. Indeed, they’ve al- on the permanent U.N. Security Council? ready taken some steps on the economic And if not, why not? front, the monetary front, that I think are President Bush. Japan is a very important important in terms of lowering interest country. They are an economic power to rates. be respected and to be reckoned with. But So, I just can’t help you in what makes your question relates to changing the Char- a success or what makes a failure. I can guar- ter of the United Nations Security Council, antee you political opponents, no matter something that is extraordinarily difficult to what is achieved, will be saying, ‘‘Hey, you do. And in addition to Japan, there are didn’t jump quite high enough. You need to other claimants to seats on what clearly get over the bar. We’ve just raised it an-

35 Jan. 6 / Administration of George Bush, 1992 other foot.’’ But that’s politics. That’s what’s relations improve, we would not only not to be expected. oppose U.S.-North Korean contacts up- What is important is that we handle this graded, we would rather encourage the up- relationship with a broad global sense; that grading of contacts between North Korea we make progress on the economic front, and the United States. the bilateral trade front; and that we make And President Bush fully agreed with my clear to the Japanese leaders that we are recommendations and views, and he also in- interested in their views on security and on dicated that as far as North Korea is con- a wide array of other topics. cerned, the U.S. position is that United So, I can’t define for you exactly what States will pursue in full consultation with makes a success or what doesn’t. I am en- the Republic of Korea, and Korea will never couraged by the forthcoming statements, as be passed up in the U.S. efforts to maintain I say, on the monetary policy as well as contacts with North Korea. And we have some that have been forthcoming in terms confirmed our positions. of the trade formula. But I just can’t give President Bush. May I say with admira- it to you, Ellen [Ellen Warren, Knight- tion that this reporter has perfected the art Ridder]. of the follow-on question, getting one to you North Korea and two to me. It’s a magnificent performance. Q. The question was to President Roh, Let me try to remember mine. One of that North Korea has indicated that they them was what conditions to upgrade. And will sign the nuclear safeguards treaty and I would just follow on to what President submit to inspections. But the question was, Roh Tae Woo said: Nuclear question; will the United States and North Korean peaceful intentions; I would add some re- relations be upgraded later in the year once spect, in their case because of the miserable North Korea carries out these promises? record, for individual rights, human rights, And to President Bush, what would be the before there would be an upgrading with conditions on the part of the United States the United States. But let me just reassure to upgrade U.S. relations with North Korea? the people here. We are not going to get And again, back to President Bush, the out in front of the Korean Government United States is reportedly putting pressure here, and we are not going to permit North on the Republic of Korea to open the mar- Korea to make an end run to start in talking kets, Korean markets, to U.S. products. But to us about upgrading before these fun- one thing we can point out is, we are re- damental problems that President Roh has cording already a $.7 billion trade deficit talked about have been solved. vis-a-vis United States. And at what point would these pressures be let off? President Roh. The question was about Free and Fair Trade North Korea’s signing of the safeguards Mr. President, I have to finish the other; treaty and the inspections and whether he had another one. Very well done. And U.S.-North Korean relations will improve the question, as I recall it, was when do upon these events. I have consistently main- you let up on the pressure about getting tained the position since my July 7th dec- into the other guy’s market because we have laration of inter-Korean exchanges that a central trade balance. North Korea should stop being the threat And the answer to that is, it’s not a ques- to international society, not only in this area tion of balance or imbalance. It’s a question but across the world. And they should come of fair trade. And we will continue to work out to the open world and cooperate with with Korea where we think that trade is the nations around the world. less than fair. Their businessmen pointed And since North Korea has indicated that out to me some things this morning that they will renounce the development of nu- they think we can do better in this. clear weapons, if North Korea’s nuclear de- But it’s not a question of a trade figure. velopment ceases to be a threat to us and It’s a question of access to markets. It’s a to the area and if South and North Korean question of fair treatment. And this thing

36 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / Jan. 6 we signed today is very good, copyright and North Korea patents; that’s all very good. Q. Mr. President, we understand North So, just because there’s a balance, that Korea—— doesn’t mean that either side should refrain President Bush. Hey, listen, it just ended from trying to get full and fair access to here, the press conference. You weren’t lis- the other guy’s market. tening when the thing ended. You’re still Thank you very much. jet-lagged out. Q. ——to open the markets of Korea any- Q. We understand North Korea said no time soon. Are you satisfied with that, and to a dialog with the United States, that how does that square with your promise to they’ve said no to the United States the American people you’re going to open about—— markets for jobs, jobs, jobs? President Bush. That’s fine. Our policy is President Bush. Open markets where? not going to shift. We’re not going to start Q. For jobs, jobs, jobs. having dialog with North Korea. We’re deal- President Bush. Yes. Are you talking ing as we have in the past, and progress about North Korea? is being made. We salute the President for Q. No, I’m talking about what the Presi- that progress. And we’re not about to take dent said. He said it’s not anytime in the some end run around our staunch ally in near future. Because of their austerity pro- order to accommodate Kim Il-song. And if gram here, you won’t be able to open the he doesn’t want it, so much the better. That markets. just suits the heck out of us. President Bush. I don’t think he said that. I don’t think that’s what he said. That’s not Note: The President’s 117th news conference what we’ve been talking about. began at 12:01 p.m. at the Blue House. Q. Well, I think that’s what the translation President Roh spoke in Korean, and his re- was. marks were translated by an interpreter. In Q. Have you even discussed rice, for ex- the news conference, the following were re- ample? ferred to: President Kim Il-song of North President Bush. We talked about that and Korea; the Agreement on Reconciliation, the global—yes, absolutely, but in the global Non-Aggression, and Exchanges in Coopera- sense of let’s get a satisfactory conclusion tion Between the South and the North, to the Uruguay round. I should have added signed December 13, 1991; and the Joint that to that last guy’s question, as a matter Declaration for a Non-Nuclear Korean Pe- of fact. That is the key to a lot of what ninsula, initialed December 31, 1991. A por- that last Korean questioner was asking tion of this news conference could not be about. verified because the tape was incomplete.

Remarks at the American and Korean Chambers of Commerce Luncheon in Seoul January 6, 1992

Well, thank you all very much, and good think everyone here knows, our delegation afternoon. And let me first say thank you of top American business leaders as they to our master of ceremonies, my old friend come here to explore new opportunities for and our very able Ambassador here, Don American goods and services, not just here Gregg. Thank you for that introduction. but all around the world. And I’d like to also acknowledge Minister I also want to single out and thank our Han Pong Su, the Minister of Trade, and hosts, Don Myers of the AmCham and Kim of course our able Secretary of Commerce, Sang Ha of the Korean Chamber of Com- Bob Mosbacher. He is heading up, as I merce, for bringing together some of the

37 Jan. 6 / Administration of George Bush, 1992 top business leaders from both countries oceans, the U.S. remains committed to en- this afternoon. This American Chamber of gagement in both the Atlantic community Commerce in Seoul is leading the way to- and the emerging community of the Asia- ward free and open trade throughout Asia. Pacific region. And it’s playing what I am told is a vital The emerging post-cold-war era that we role in expanding business ties between the face presents the United States with an op- United States and Korea, ties which are portunity to restructure its defenses. Now, growing into a true economic partnership. I know there’s been some concern about Let me begin by telling you why I’m here. how we’ll proceed with that complex and As you might expect, with tough times at difficult task. But let me assure you and home in the United States, my highest pri- your Asia-Pacific neighbors that our restruc- ority is stimulating economic growth and turing, such as the closing of bases in Subic jobs for Americans. And one way to get our there in the Philippines, does not mean the economy growing is to increase trade between our two nations. Opening more mar- end of American engagement in the Pacific kets here in Korea for quality American area. We will remain a visible, credible se- goods and services clearly means more ex- curity presence in the Asia-Pacific area with ports and more good jobs in America. And our forward-deployed forces and through as you all know, that also holds true for bilateral defense arrangements with our Korea as well. friends. And so, I’ve come to the capital of one And let me be clear, maintaining our se- of the world’s leading economic success sto- curity presence is not some kind of a chari- ries, success based on hard work, market table exercise. Your security and your eco- orientation, and access to international cap- nomic growth are in our interests because ital and markets. Your 9-percent growth rate together we will thrive in a stable, develop- may seem mediocre to you compared to ing world. An unstable Asia does not serve some previous years, but back home, I’d our interests, and nor does a poverty-strick- settle for that, like that. [Laughter] en or repression-ridden Asia. We need an With a generation, Korea has transformed Asia-Pacific region that is free and produc- itself from one of the world’s poorest states tive. And our security presence provides a into the world’s 13th largest economy, on foundation for mutual prosperity and for the cutting edge of high-tech growth. The shared defense. generation that created that success knows Strong, stable security arrangements en- that enduring security comes not through able us to meet the second challenge, and aggression but through hard work and effort that is the call to democracy. The tyranny by free people working through free mar- of totalitarianism is dead, and freedom is kets. And if we are to secure the opportuni- being born and reborn in nations from Latin ties of the post-cold-war era, we must rise America to Eastern Europe to Cambodia to the call of three daunting demands: The and to Mongolia. The Soviet Union as we’ve new requirements of peace and security, the known it has vanished, and with it the delu- challenge of fostering democracy, and the summons to generating greater economic sions of communism. growth and prosperity for the peoples of The Republic of Korea has stood strong the world. for democracy, particularly since the mo- First, the challenge of ensuring peace and mentous events of 1987. This year, Korea security. The world has learned that weak- will put this renewed faith in democratic ness tempts the warlike. We saw, with Sad- institutions to the test in several elections. dam Hussein’s naked aggression, that the And I am confident that again this year the misery of war results when tyrants doubt Korean people will demonstrate that free- the commitment of the powerful to defend dom’s way is the way of the future in Asia. the security of the powerless. And that’s Nations which build their prosperity on the why, as long as I’m President, the United freedom of their people know that there States will remain absolutely opposed to iso- is no alternative. lationism. As a nation straddling two great This worldwide movement toward de-

38 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / Jan. 6 mocracy leads us to the third challenge role in expanding economic frontiers. On that’s awaiting us, that of promoting eco- each stop of this trip, I’ve called for urgent nomic growth and building a world of free action on behalf of the international trading and open markets. system. And I am urging the world’s trading Korea and the United States have a tre- nations to join with us in working towards mendous amount at stake in their economic a successful conclusion of that all-important relations. The U.S. is Korea’s largest export Uruguay round with GATT Director market, and Korea is our sixth largest export Dunkel’s proposed draft agreement, inci- market. The business executives with this dentally, as its basis. wonderful team that we brought out with And while every one of us has problems us today believe in building stronger eco- with some portions of that draft, none of nomic ties with you. They stand ready to us can afford to let the progress that it sym- work side by side with Korean businessmen. bolizes slip through our fingers. The time And like you, they seek to build even more growth, opportunity, and stability for our has come for a strong collective response. two nations. A successful conclusion to the Uruguay In building this world of free enterprise round will pave the way for even greater and economic growth, we know we have trade liberalization in the coming years, with much to do. The United States is taking greater prosperity for absolutely everyone. steps to boost our own competitiveness in In order for Korea to build upon its own foreign markets: Improving education, spectacular growth, it will need a more open working to bring down our budget deficit, financial system. I know that American busi- and enhancing productivity. We’re working nesses are particularly concerned with re- overtime to produce quality products at af- strictions in the financial system here which fordable prices, products that win in the prevent them from trading and investing in marketplace. the Korean economy. But the bottom line And while Korea has made great progress is that broader access for foreign financial in removing visible trade barriers to foreign firms is in your best interest; it is in Korea’s business over the last 5 years, doing busi- best interest because a more open economy ness in Korea is still more difficult than it will benefit Korean businesses and their should be for such a proud and successful customers. country. Korea must address fundamental But there’s more to it than that. During problems that stifle the ability of foreign the last 50 years, engagement and free trade firms to compete in your great country, have produced peace and prosperity. Here, problems like certain unjustified standards in Korea it’s been remarkable, throughout and regulations, or cumbersome customs the Asia-Pacific region, in Europe, and in- procedures, delays in scheduled reductions deed, in the United States. This prosperity of duties, and these financing restrictions. Attitude towards imports must change. has gone hand-in-hand with the growth of And while the notion of frugality isn’t inher- democracy, a fact that illustrates the indivis- ently bad, import restrictions hurt your own ibility of security and political and economic consumers and weaken the competitiveness liberty. of your firms. And while numerous restric- In the emerging post-cold-war era, eco- tions in foreign trade have been lifted, such nomic engagement and expanded markets as certain performance requirements and will ensure prosperity and stability for the sectoral restrictions, we look to Korea to people of the world. And that’s why we’ve remove all nontariff barriers to free trade. come here today. We want to build hope for Free trade has propelled Korea into a po- a better life for our people. We want to cre- sition of economic prominence and leader- ate opportunity for all men and women. ship. And because of this, Korea has a grow- And we want to leave as our legacy peace ing responsibility to lead in strengthening for our children. And so, it is in that spirit the whole world trade and financial system. of hopeful anticipation that I say thank you The General Agreement on Tariffs and to all of you. What a remarkable, what a Trade, GATT, can play an especially crucial great job you have done. And yet what tre-

39 Jan. 6 / Administration of George Bush, 1992 mendous work lies ahead for us all. group of business leaders. Thank you very, May God bless your wonderful country. very much. May God bless the relationship between our countries. And thank you for this oppor- Note: The President spoke at 1:24 p.m. at tunity to speak to such a distinguished the Hotel Shilla.

Remarks to the Korean National Assembly in Seoul January 6, 1992

Mr. Speaker, Mr. Secretary General, As- world Korea is helping to shape a changing semblyman Park, and distinguished mem- security and geopolitical landscape. Your in- bers of this National Assembly: Believe me, fluence in world affairs is enhanced by the it is a great honor to return once more to fact that at long last Korea is assuming its this house, the symbolic center of Korean place as a full member of the United Na- democracy. As the Speaker said, I first came tions. Mr. Speaker, as President of a nation to this chamber in February of 1989, just that fought under the U.N. flag to keep one month after taking office, and Barbara Korea free and to establish the conditions and I still recall the warm welcome we re- for growth and prosperity, we share your ceived then from the people of Korea. And pride in what you have justifiably achieved. here we are, celebrating our 47th wedding Yes, change transforming our world, a anniversary with all you young people. And revolution is on our hands. And yet, the you make us feel very much at home, and cold war continues to cast its shadow over I’m grateful to each and every one of you. Korea. Just 25 miles north of this capital Thank you very much. city, the Korean Peninsula is still cleaved February of ’89, that was nearly 3 years by that DMZ, the ribbon of land that sepa- ago. In the short time since then, we have rates one people yearning to live in peace. seen our world transformed. The epic cold Who can calculate the human cost: 10 mil- war struggle between the forces of freedom lion Koreans separated now from family and the Communist world came to an ab- members for 4 decades. rupt end; with God’s mercy, a peaceful end. For 40 years, the people of Korea have Gone is the Berlin Wall, the Warsaw Pact, prayed for an end to this unnatural division. not simply the Soviet empire but even the For 40 years, you have kept alive the dream Soviet Union itself. Everywhere we see the new birth of democratic nations, a new of one Korea. The winds of change are with world of freedom bright with the promise us now. My friends, the day will inevitably of peace and prosperity. come when this last wound of the cold war During my visits these last few days to struggle will heal. Korea will be whole Australia, to Singapore, and now to your again. I am absolutely convinced of it. wonderful country, Korea, I have stressed For our part, I’ll repeat what I said here that this new world of freedom presents us 3 years ago: The American people share with fresh and demanding challenges: Meet- your goal of peaceful reunification on terms ing new requirements for global security acceptable to the Korean people. This is and stability, promoting democracy, and en- clear. This is simple. This is our policy. hancing world economic growth and pros- Recently, North and South made progress perity. in easing tensions, in exploring opportunity Korea, too, is a part, an important part, for peace and understanding through direct of this changing world. Indeed, you are at talks at the prime ministerial level. This the center of these challenges. At home search has produced positive results: First, your country is developing its own demo- December’s historic nonaggression agree- cratic and free market traditions, and in the ment, and then, on the eve of this new

40 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / Jan. 6 year, an agreement to forever ban nuclear send a multilateral message to North Korea. weapons from the Korean Peninsula. These And we’ve been willing to open our facilities positive developments come at a critical to Korea to challenge North Korea to do time of rising concern, at a time when the same. North Korea’s pursuit of nuclear arms We’ve also left no doubt that we’ll back stands as the single greatest source of dan- these overtures for peace with a demonstra- ger to peace in all of northeast Asia. tion of our military resolve. As you know, This progress is a tribute to the policies we’ve postponed our plan to reduce the of President Roh and the Government of number of American troops stationed here this Republic. South Korea has systemati- in Korea. Let there be no doubt: The peo- cally eliminated any possible action that ple of this republic should know that the could justify the North’s pursuit of such United States commitment to Korea’s secu- deadly weapons. This Republic has rejected rity remains steady and strong. all weapons of mass destruction, and to give I renew that pledge as an ally, as Presi- further meaning to this pledge, South Korea dent of a nation that shares your devotion renounced all nuclear reprocessing and en- to democracy and self-determination. Down richment activities. On December 18th, through the decades, from Korea to Kuwait, President Roh announced that there were from the American soldiers who gave their no nuclear weapons on South Korean soil. lives at Inchon, Pork Chop Hill, to the Ko- To any who doubted that declaration, South rean forces who stood with us in Desert Korea, with the full support of the United Storm, our two nations have upheld the States, has offered to open to inspection all international ideal that between nations and of its civilian and military installations, in- not just within them, common interests call cluding United States facilities. for common action. At every point, South Korea’s approach was open, sincere, and fair. Each good-faith Today, in many quarters, that ideal is action increased the call for the North to being questioned, even criticized. There are make a positive response. Today the pros- those who see the many changes in our pects for real peace on this peninsula are world and say, ‘‘Well, our work is done.’’ brighter than at any point in the past four They urge us to declare victory, celebrate decades. the collapse of our common enemy, and And yet, paper promises won’t keep the then come on home. They fail to recognize peace. I call on North Korea to demonstrate a fundamental fact: The cold war era its sincerity, to meet the obligations it unchanged our world forever. We did far more dertook when it signed the Non-Prolifera- than hold a common enemy at bay. To- tion Treaty 6 years ago. North Korea must gether, we built a new world: A system of implement in full all IAEA safeguards for collective security to keep the peace, a sys- its nuclear facilities without exception, and tem of free trade that fueled a generation I might add, without delay. Moreover, of prosperity the likes of which the world North Korea, together with the Republic of has never seen, and a common commitment Korea, should proceed to implement the in- to political openness and liberty that now spection and verification portions of their sustains a worldwide movement toward de- unprecedented joint declaration on mocracy. nonnuclearization, signed one week ago. The passing of the cold war must not Prompt action by the North will mark a mark the beginning of a new age of isola- new milestone on the path toward peace. tionism. The nations of the free world share But let this be clear: The United States more than a common history; they share has and will support the security aspirations a common destiny. There is no going back, of its ally in the South in the cause of peace. only forward. We are pleased that our September an- The developments of the past 40 years, nouncement about nuclear weapons helped the dramatic expansion of democracy, the lend momentum to the effort to make geometric increase in global trade has cre- Korea safe from nuclear proliferation. And ated a system of common interests. To turn we’ve worked with others in the region to our backs now, to walk away after this great

41 Jan. 6 / Administration of George Bush, 1992 victory for freedom, or to retreat behind industrial base, the regime that ruled the high trade walls into regional blocs would North marched its people down the dead- turn triumph to tragedy. end path of totalitarianism and international America is a Pacific nation. We will re- isolation. Its economy stalled. Its society main engaged in Asia, as we are in the other suffocated. Its cohorts went their own way. regions of the world. But just as the world Today, the South is a dynamic participant itself stands on the threshold of a new era, in the community of democratic and mar- so too we now enter a new era in U.S.- ket-oriented societies. The South is at Korean relations. What began in the heat peace, free, and prosperous, with an average of the war as a military alliance has grown annual income four times higher than in into a broader relationship, a partnership the North and a history of double-digit anchored in shared economic interests and growth that has propelled it into the front common political ideals. Korea’s new role will, yes, mean new re- ranks of the world’s economies. sponsibilities, a new partnership based upon And now, you must build on your success. Korea’s growing capabilities and increased You must sustain the conditions that fueled ability to contribute to peace and prosperity your phenomenal growth. Korea did not in the Pacific and beyond. raise the living standard of its people by The world now recognizes Korea as an closing itself off from the outside world. economic powerhouse. We are pleased that Today, Korea stands as America’s seventh over the past few years that we’ve narrowed largest trading partner. With me on my trip our current account imbalance from about are executives from some of America’s lead- $9 billion to about $1 billion and that U.S. ing companies, many with interests in ex- exports to Korea have increased at a pace panding business with Korean companies of more than 7 percent over the last 2 years. and Korean consumers. America is not only We must acknowledge the equally impor- your largest market, Korea’s largest market, tant strides that you have made in strength- but a leading source of the technology and ening the institutions of democracy. Even capital that helps fuel your economic in the 3 years since my last visit, the change growth. This nation owes much of its eco- is clear for all to see. With the encourage- nomic miracle to open markets abroad. ment of President Roh, this National As- Korea must see clearly that prosperity in sembly now plays a greater role in Korean the new century lies in open markets. politics. I understand you have some very Trade is one activity where the interests avid debates in this chamber. Well, join the of all nations intersect. Let me repeat here club. That’s what we do at home all the what I’ve said in Australia and in Singapore: time. That’s democracy in action. At home in the United States, especially In 1992 alone, South Korea will hold at during tough economic times, my highest least three elections at the local and national levels. Across the country, democracy is giv- priority must be jobs and economic growth. ing voice to new ideas and opinions, and But my allegiance to the American worker since 1990 alone, 10 new daily newspapers is not at odds with the interests of the Ko- and nearly 1,000 other new publications. rean consumer. Trade is not a zero-sum Free speech, free elections, private prop- game enriching some nations at the expense erty: these are the cornerstones of the new of the others. Growing trade provides the world order, fundamental freedoms that se- people of both our nations with higher cure peace and prosperity. standards of living and better lives. Consider your own history, a case study Pressures for protectionism are building. in contrasts between North and South. We see it in my country with the new breed More than four decades ago, the South, of economic isolationists who urge us to with less land, fewer resources, and more build barriers to expanding trade and oppor- people than in the North, set its course for tunity. We see it here in Korea in a frugality free enterprise and free government. North campaign that’s been used by too many to Korea, well, they traveled a different path. discourage imports. But wherever this im- Blessed with rich resources and a stronger pulse shows itself, we must fight back

42 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / Jan. 6 for trade that is free, fair, and open. fair trade policies that remain the world’s We must heed the lessons of history. For one path to prosperity. the first half of this century, great nations Our two nations share a history written sought refuge in isolationism and in its eco- in the blood of our people. The bonds nomic accomplice, protectionism, and the forged in the cold war, at the brink of Ko- world succumbed to the ravages of war, and rea’s mortal danger, have grown stronger think back, to depression. Since the Second through the years. Forty years ago, the free World War, free nations large and small world made your struggle their own strug- pursued a common course, forging alliances gle. Our forces fought here for a future free and fostering trade, and the world as a con- from tyranny. And you did far more than sequence has enjoyed an era of unprece- survive. In the shadow of the cold war, you dented peace and prosperity. showed what we can achieve so long as we The history of this century is not lost on are free. Korea. As a founding member of APEC, For four long decades, Korea has stood the forum for Asia-Pacific Economic Co- at the frontier of freedom, vigilant, deter- operation, you have worked with your eco- mined, never wavering in its commitment nomic partners in the region to bring down to the great cause of independence and lib- barriers to trade. But the key test, the key erty. So today, as we enter a new world, test now is before us in this Uruguay round. the world we fought for 40 years ago, Korea As an emerging economic power, Korea has stands with us: a steadfast friend, ally, and shared greatly in the bounty of an open and partner; proud, prosperous, and free. growing world trading system. That reward I salute you. I congratulate you. And may carries with it profound responsibilities. I thank you for this warm welcome. And Korea must now shoulder with other trading may God bless the wonderful people of nations the burden of leadership on behalf Korea. Thank you all very, very much. of the multilateral trade regime. As I mentioned before the business lead- Note: The President spoke at 2:40 p.m. at ers of our two nations earlier today, I am the National Assembly Hall. In his remarks, urging at each stop of my trip that we use he referred to Park Jyun Kyu, Speaker of the Dunkel draft text as the basis for suc- the National Assembly; Park Sang Moon, cessfully concluding the GATT round of Secretary General of the National Assembly; trade talks. Korea has the opportunity to and Park Chung Soo, chairman of the For- help fight the forces of protectionism, to eign Affairs and National Unification Com- help tip the balance in favor of free and mittee.

Text of Remarks at Camp Casey in Yongsan, South Korea January 6, 1992

I understand you’ve come to Yongsan DMZ, a relic of the cold war, tragically sep- from far and wide. It’s a great privilege to arating one people. History’s verdict is in: meet with all of you today. Let me salute On freedom’s side stands one of the fastest the proud men and women of the 2d Infan- developing countries in history. On the try Division. You are truly ‘‘second to none.’’ other side, a failed regime that produces You serve at a time when Korea is reach- only misery and want. ing new world status, when we can build For more than 40 years, the United States on the progress and the promise of a new commitment to the Republic of Korea’s se- year. More than a military alliance, our curity has been firm and unwavering. Noth- countries are moving toward a political, eco- ing will change that. Korea is where Amer- nomic, and security partnership. ica made a clear commitment to liberty. We stand here just a few miles from the

43 Jan. 6 / Administration of George Bush, 1992

Korea is where we first stopped the spread dom. America never forgets those who of communism in Asia and fought to defend serve. For the sake of the families of the the international ideal of freedom. 8,000 MIA’s of the Korean war we will con- In recognition of this republic’s great tinue to seek the fullest possible accounting achievements, we will gradually shift to a from North Korea. supporting role as the Korean military takes You’ve got a tough assignment here. Our the lead in defense of their nation. But able Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff, North Korea must know that we will resist General Colin Powell, served here himself any aggression and will keep our forces and was back for a visit in November. He strong enough to do so for as long as the agrees with me: Your professionalism, your Korean people want our support. courage, and your vigilance are the keys to Here at Camp Casey, you’re a long way our success here. from home, and that’s especially tough dur- I will not forget this day. I am inspired ing the holiday season. With much of the and invigorated just looking at you. The world’s attention on events in Eastern Eu- time is coming when the Korean people will rope, Moscow, and the Middle East, you be united and free. Each one of you should may sometimes feel forgotten, just like Ko- be proud of your contribution to that inevi- rean war veterans sometimes feel forgotten. table triumph. So, I want you to hear this from the top. You have not been forgotten. The veterans of Korea won a mighty victory in the fight Note: The text of this address was issued against communism. You honor them with by the Office of the Press Secretary on Janu- your presence here on the frontier of free- ary 6.

Remarks at a State Dinner Hosted by President Roh Tae Woo of South Korea in Seoul January 6, 1992

Mr. President, Mrs. Roh, distinguished is a great step in the journey toward the guests, tonight we have much to celebrate, day when all of Korea is free. I admire your first and foremost our solid alliance. Many steadfastness and commitment to a peaceful think that our partnership was born that resolution. The many successes of your moment 40 years ago when we joined forces Nordpolitik policy, your enhanced relations against aggression. But it dates back over with Russia and China, your active dialog a century. When your nation looked out- with North Korea, move us closer to that ward for diplomatic and commercial oppor- day. If North Korea can truly abandon not tunity, it looked then first to the United only its nuclear weapons program but its States. Today, our alliance has grown into belligerence as well, that ribbon of land at a political, economic, and security partner- the 38th parallel will no longer divide this ship. I assure you, our commitment will nation. continue well into the 21st century. Mr. President, we know each other well; As you said, Mr. President, during your I know you are a modest man. Your leader- visit to the White House, ‘‘Democracy in ship of the Republic of Korea during this Korea is on course and is moving inexorably period of incredible change has earned you forward.’’ Through hard work and commit- an honorable place in the wonderful history ment, the Republic of Korea has moved of this nation. You’ve knocked down trade from a war-ravaged past to a prosperous barriers, opened markets, and your nation’s present and an enviable future. economy has prospered. With each election This republic’s progress in resolving dif- your country holds, at least three this year, ferences with your brothers in the North free ideas and opinions flourish. Under your

44 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / Jan. 7 leadership, at long last South Korea took to the wonderful people of this land that its rightful place in the United Nations. we treasure as true friends. To you, sir, Mrs. So, Mr. President, with many thanks for Roh. And thank you all for a magnificent a visit that we will long cherish and long time. To your health, sir. remember, I raise my glass and ask all of you to join me, a glass to peace and unification for Korea, to your leadership of the Note: The President spoke at 7:30 p.m. at Republic of Korea, to peace and prosperity, the Blue House.

Remarks to Japanese and American Students in Kyoto, Japan January 7, 1992

Thank you all very much. Why don’t you guys, they’re from small towns in rural all please be seated? [Laughter] Let me just Japan, and these mayors have been instru- say what a pleasure it is to be here with mental in the establishment of branch cam- our very able Ambassador in Tokyo, Mike puses of American universities. And I really Armacost, who is doing a superb job. He’s firmly believe, and you all are better one of the great career Ambassadors of our equipped to speak to it than I, that these service, and he’s in a difficult and an impor- grassroots exchanges pay important benefits tant post, and he is doing an outstanding to both our countries. So, thank you very, job. And I’m very pleased that he’s here very much, sir, all three of you, for what with us today. you’re doing. I want to also say how pleased I am to Let me just say to the students, this is be here with the former Prime Minister, kind of what we call in the trade a cameo Toshiki Kaifu. When he was Prime Minister appearance; you’re in here and you’re out and I was President, we worked very closely of here in a hurry. But to the students of together on a lot of matters relating to the Stanford Center, well, one or two world peace, better understanding between here—[laughter]—and the Kyoto program Japan and the United States. He was frank; students at Doshisha University—[laugh- he was straightforward; he was friendly to ter]—how many are there? When I click our great country. And I can tell you, I all these things off, it would be fun to see. will never forget his many courtesies to me, University of Michigan, how many there? and I will never forget what he did to [Applause] All right. And how about the strengthen the relationship between these Aggies, Texas A&M? [Applause] Small but two great countries, Japan and the United vocal contingent over here. States. So Toshiki, thank you, sir, for all Incidentally, what the former Prime Min- you’ve done. ister was referring to is that each President, And it’s a great pleasure to have this first as you all know, Americans know, when he day of our trip to visit these ancient centers gets out of office, has a library, archive for and shrines of really the Japanese soul and the papers. And mine is going to be in my the Japanese nation, Kyoto and, later this home State, but at Texas A&M. And I’m afternoon, Kashihara in Nara Prefecture. looking forward to that very, very much; not But I come as a friend. I come with some too soon. [Laughter] ideas that we’re going to be discussing with Let me just click off, for some of the the Government in Tokyo starting tomor- journalists with us today, some things that row, and I also bring an open interest in I know you all know. About 2,000 American learning a lot more about this great country. students now attend undergraduate and I want to take note of the achievements graduate programs in Japan. Many more of three mayors, Mayor Kumakura, Mayor Japanese students take part in comparable Aoki, and Mayor Kudo, over here. These programs back in the U.S. And more than

45 Jan. 7 / Administration of George Bush, 1992

1,000 Americans now teach in Japanese nomic majors out here—I am strongly con- schools. And I hope that we will continue vinced that free and open commerce is not to do everything that we can to promote a zero-sum game. Free trade on a level greater and greater participation in these playing field creates jobs and lifts standards important exchanges in the years to come. in both of our countries. So, the challenge They open up, in my view, new intellec- of global competition can be driving our ef- tual and cultural horizons, and these experi- forts for educational reform. ences really, I think, turn an awful lot of I don’t know whether it’s caught up with participants into the great leaders of our you all here, but we have a nationwide pro- country, and both countries I might say. gram called America 2000, has people from Look at today’s Prime Minister of Japan, both sides of the aisle, Democrats and Re- Prime Minister Miyazawa. When he was a publicans, from Governors in all States, university student, some may not know this, helped me set the six major educational he took part in the sixth Japan-America stu- goals. American educational leaders and ex- dent conference at the University of South- perts look to Japan for some examples as ern California. to how we can improve our schools. I also want to single out once again Prime David Kearns, I don’t know if that name Minister Kaifu. Toshiki’s first travel to the rings a bell. He’s our number two at the United States was through the U.S. Infor- Department of Education. But he visited mation Agency’s International Visitors Pro- Japan many, many times to examine Japa- gram. And then as Minister of Education nese quality products, first when he was the and later as Prime Minister, he made great chairman and chief executive officer of one efforts to promote educational and executive of our great companies, Xerox. He came exchanges that really do foster understand- back with a lot of ideas that he’s now trying ing between our two countries. Another to help us implement there at the Depart- leader who recognized the value of ex- ment. American education experts attach changes was my friend the late Minister importance to the fact that Japanese par- Abe, Foreign Minister of Japan, who passed away. But the Global Partnership Fund, ents, more than in our country, are active which he was so instrumental in organizing, in the children’s schools and demand better carries on his good work today in supporting performance. So, we’re trying to find ways these student exchanges. to increase parental interest. So in all, they are an aspect of the major And if I might say a pleasant word of purpose of this visit to Japan, namely to my bride of 47 years as of yesterday, newly- open and expand opportunities for inter- weds we are, I think what Barbara is trying change between our countries. And I want to do in terms of getting kids and getting the people of our countries to have a far families to read to their kids and kids to better understanding of one another. We read to one another and adult education all need more Americans who can speak Japa- adds into this program which we call Amer- nese and who understand the workings of ica 2000. the Japanese marketplace. Next spring, actually, we’re going to hold I want to increase access for American a meeting of the education ministers of the goods and services in these Japanese mar- APEC, the Asia Pacific Economic Coopera- kets. Open markets, like student exchanges, tion group. And it’s going to bring together yield a bounty for all who participate. They the total experiences of 15 member societies help each other better understand. Open to raise our common educational standards markets lift the technical progress to new and to draw the most from our precious heights. And they raise everybody’s stand- resource, the imagination and the energy of ards and benefit consumers, as a matter of our people. fact, through the expanse of the global mar- So, student exchanges reach beyond the ketplace. technical and the expert level. They enrich I’ve been saying this as I’ve traveled on the individual spirit, and they nourish the this trip through Asia, but I am strongly cultures of communities and nations. So, we convinced—I’m sure there are some eco- need them. And while we need them to

46 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / Jan. 7 promote efficiency in markets and institu- even willing to talk to each other; you look tions, we simply must not neglect exchanges at the Soviet Union that we lived in fear in the humanities, in history, fine arts, phi- of when you all were two or three years losophy, the study of religion, languages, younger. You wondered whether we were and literature. going to evolve into some kind of a nuclear Octavio Paz, the 1990 Nobel laureate for holocaust, little kids going to bed scared in literature, put it well when he wrote, ‘‘If our country and in other countries all human beings forget poetry, they will forget around the world. And that’s changing, and themselves.’’ So, those of you all involved it’s changing for the better. in the liberal arts, you have nothing to do And so, it is a very exciting time to rep- but be proud of the work you’re engaged resent the only, I guess in terms of both in. And if you don’t believe it, just ask old military and economic, the only remaining, Octavio Paz, winner of the Nobel Prize. what they call superpower. But what we [Laughter] want to do is use our ingenuity and use But look, I do honor you, salute you for our energies, well-represented by this group your spirit of scholarship and adventure. here today, to help people around the And if you get a little lonely from time to world; to assure the peace; to raise the time, keep it in the big perspective. As I standards of living of our own people by, see it, with the crying need for better edu- as I said earlier on, opening markets and cation, the crying need for peoples to un- having our economy much more vibrant. derstand each other better, you are doing So, it’s a wonderful time to be fighting something important just being here, just these battles and accepting these challenges working, just understanding the culture of that will always be with whoever is Presi- this great country. In my view, you’re really dent of the United States. This, as I say, doing something important. is a cameo appearance; it’s a quick drop- I will simply conclude by this broad com- by. But looking around here, I can get a ment on my job opportunities, my own, that little sense of enthusiasm that occupies this is. I can’t think of a more exciting time in crowd. And I really wanted to wish you a the history of this country, in the recent very, very happy new year. And may God history of this country, to be President of bless you in your important work. the United States. Now, you go back to Thank you all very, very much. where things were just a couple of years ago as you look at Eastern Europe; you look Note: The President spoke at 2:29 p.m. in at parties in the Middle East that weren’t the Cosmos Ballroom at the Miyako Hotel.

Remarks at the Opening of Toys-R-Us in Kashihara, Japan January 7, 1992

Thank you all very, very much, all of you. for your introduction. It’s a pleasure being And may I first thank Governor Kakimoto at your side and sharing your joy in the and Mayor Miura for their gracious hospi- successful opening of Toys-R-Us. When our tality and say to all of you that it really grandchildren heard about this trip to the is, for Barbara and me, a deep honor to Far East, they figured the highlight would visit this ancient and venerable city of be today, stopping at Toys-R-Us. And I’ll Kashihara right here in Japan. And may I just have to tell them I couldn’t buy them thank Minister Watanabe for being here. anything because Barbara has cut my His ministry did so much to change the kozukai, my allowance, that is. [Laughter] great retail store law, and I am personally What we see here today is success for very grateful to him for taking the time to Japanese consumers as well as for ourselves be with us today. And Mr. Charles Lazarus, thank you, sir, in the effort to eliminate a major barrier in

47 Jan. 7 / Administration of George Bush, 1992 the Japanese distribution system. For years, ers, a conduit into markets they otherwise American retailers have sought to compete couldn’t have touched and brings the Japa- in the Japanese market. And after all, Japan nese consumer a wide choice of world-class has the second largest economy in the goods. world, and its consumers are increasingly The relationship between the United demanding wider choices for themselves States and Japan is one of the world’s most and their families, lower prices, and cer- vital economic relationships. Our two na- tainly uncompromising quality. tions produce over 40 percent, 40 percent But American companies before weren’t of the world’s gross national product, and making any headway because the regula- therefore, our actions, taken separately or tions, particularly the large retail store law, together, affect many countries. made opening new foreign retail stores virtually impossible. From the beginning of We’ve worked together in close coopera- our administration we’ve had a key trade tion, for instance, at the economic summit, policy objective, and that was to break down in the G–7 framework, and in international the barriers to the sales of U.S. goods and financial institutions to promote global services. growth and shared prosperity, Japan and the And in 1990, we launched the Structural U.S. working for those common goals. Impediments Initiative, or what we call SII, But we still face many challenges. And those talks to remove the underlying eco- each partner must realize that it benefits nomic barriers to trade and balance of pay- from free trade and open markets. Our eco- ment adjustment and to promote open mar- nomic relationship is not a zero-sum game kets. SII has indeed enabled us to take aim for either side. And though we’re pleased at the rules that prevent our companies at the success so far, we’re not satisfied with from competing in Japanese markets. just reaching these piecemeal trade agree- And when Japan changed its large store ments. In the cause of free and open trade, law, it lowered a key barrier to open trade. we want agreements that produce perma- And Japanese consumers, your buyers here nent improvement in access and in U.S. in this country, and our workers stand to sales to Japanese markets and permanent reap the benefits. Japanese consumers will improvement in the lives of Japanese con- get stores with wider selections, more com- sumers. petitive prices, and quality goods from And what makes me so happy here today around the world. And U.S. companies will is that we see here the beginning of a dy- be able to operate businesses and sell their namic new economic relationship, one of products in this huge and promising market. greater balance. There is much that we can And I think we’re all here today because do for the world based on a forward-looking Toys-R-Us was ready to take up the chal- global partnership between two great na- lenge of SII, and it literally lived up to the old Japanese saying, ‘‘Three years on top tions, two powerful economies, and two re- of a stone.’’ We have much to learn from sourceful, innovative peoples. And together the 3-year battle that Toys-R-Us waged to we will go far. pry open the $6 billion Japanese toy market. Just two last points. I will do my level- After all, this is the first time that a large best as President of the United States to U.S. discount store has opened here, and preserve and strengthen the important rela- it’s blazed a trail. And now all kinds of com- tionship between Japan and my great coun- panies can come on in, from toy stores to try. It has a lot to do with world peace. high-tech outlets. It has a lot to do with world economic sta- And I hope that Toys-R-Us is but the bility. It has a lot to do with two great eco- first in a long line of American retailers to nomic and democratic countries working to- locate in this great country. Greater access gether, setting an example for other coun- is an exciting idea, and it will help create tries around the world. So, I want to say more jobs in America. And the opening of to the Minister and to the Prime Minister, the Japanese retail market gives our manu- I will do my part to keep this relationship facturers, particularly the small manufactur- on track.

48 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / Jan. 8

And lastly, and this is the end, you’ll be every one of you. happy to know, I just want to thank all of the people in this wonderful city who have given Barbara Bush, over here, and me such Note: The President spoke at 4:10 p.m. In a warm welcome. When we got off that hel- his remarks, he referred to Yoshiya icopter here and came by those wonderfully Kakimoto, Governor of Nara; Taro Miura, warm, smiling faces, extending to us a Mayor of Kashihara; Michio Watanabe, Jap- warm, Japanese welcome, we felt very, very anese Minister of Foreign Affairs; and grateful and very emotional. And that said Charles Lazarus, chairman and chief execu- an awful lot about the friendship between tive officer of Toys-R-Us. A tape was not Japan and the United States of America. available for verification of the content of Thank you. And may God bless each and these remarks.

Remarks With Prime Minister Kiichi Miyazawa of Japan to the Presidential Business Delegation in Tokyo January 8, 1992

The President. Let me just say to those beat of our country in jobs in small busi- on the American side and this very distin- ness, independent business. And so, the guished delegation of American business head of the Independent Business Associa- people that are here, led by our able Sec- tion is here, the National Association of retary of Commerce, how pleased we are Manufacturing. And in these discussions, to be in Japan and, Mr. Prime Minister, your friends and colleagues are talking to how much we appreciate your hospitality. our organizations as well as to these busi- Are we going to have a translation or do ness executives and individuals in whom I we—— have so much personal confidence. The Prime Minister. Go ahead. I think But we’re grateful to you. And I would we understand. just like to turn the floor over to you, sir, The President. And to the Japanese here, for any comments that you’d care to make. let me say how important we view this part The Prime Minister. Thank you, Mr. of our trip. The trip is not simply about President. If I may, a few words. jobs and business. This is a terribly impor- Secretary Mosbacher, distinguished U.S. tant part of it. But given the breadth of business executives, I hope you are having understanding of this Prime Minister, we’ve a productive meeting. It must be quite rare, been able to talk about world security prob- even in the United States, for such an out- lems, about a global partnership, about the standing group of business executives to get big picture. To guarantee that this big pic- together in one room, particularly from such ture continues to unfold in a positive way, a broad spectrum of industries ranging from we must make dramatic progress on the potato chips to computer chips. [Laughter] business side. And indeed, Prime Minister I should be delighted if you take full advan- Miyazawa and I have had a real opportunity tage of this special occasion for the benefit now to begin once again our discussions of of both economies. this. President Bush and I are working hard But I would say to you, my friend, these to advance our bilateral relationship includ- are good people, our business people. They ing its economic aspect, not only for the are people that not only represent individual sake of our two countries but also for the American companies, but in a sense we’ve rest of the world. In so doing, both the brought a delegation that is widely con- President and I have great expectations for nected with chambers of commerce, Fed- the input from the private sectors. eration of Independent Business, the heart- Now, 18 people are enough to form 2

49 Jan. 8 / Administration of George Bush, 1992 baseball teams. I hope you will be throwing interest. balls of imaginative and creative ideas back The Prime Minister. You have done a and forth with the Trade Minister here great deal to bring this new world of peace, today, as well as with Japanese business rep- really, after the Gulf thing. resentatives tomorrow morning, so as to fur- The President. I might use this oppor- ther utilize market-access opportunities here tunity to say here in front of our leaders in Japan. in Japan that there had been some rumors You are welcome. Thank you very much. around that in the United States, that I have The President. May I correct an omission? addressed myself to in the United States, Yesterday, far beyond the call of duty, Mr. of a disappointment on the part of me as Watanabe, the Minister, met with our peo- President about Japan’s part in Desert ple and came down and couldn’t have been Storm. With the press here, let me just re- more hospitable to Mrs. Bush and me. And peat what I’ve said at home: Japan stepped I’m very sorry I did not mention that in up and did what Japan was asked to do. the beginning of my remarks. And I have been very grateful for that. We note these things. We Americans note And to the degree that anyone here might these courtesies. And that one, I think, was be asked about whether we were dis- wonderful. And your asking the former appointed in Japan’s role, the answer, as Prime Minister to come down there to greet I’ve said back then, is no. Japan did what us also was noted with great appreciation was asked of Japan. And Japan was there and got this visit off, I think, Mr. Watanabe, in several important ways, and they were to a good start yesterday. not asked to send troops into Desert Storm. But now we’ve got to follow through. We understand, and we didn’t ask for that. We’ve got to be specific. We’ve got to get And so let me just take this opportunity to as much as we can, set tables, times— to tell you that’s not an irritant between ‘‘Let’s do it by then.’’ And I think we can us. do it. I really believe that we can move The Prime Minister. I, Mr. President, this process forward. And it is in our inter- greatly appreciate your saying so. I think ests; it is in your interests. And I like to we did our utmost, and I do appreciate your think that because of the progress Japan has saying that. There perhaps had some mis- made and the enormous potential that we understanding on your part, on our part, both have, that world leadership is at stake. both sides of the Pacific. But I do appre- We’ve got something here with the world ciate your saying that. that’s changing. These people have heard The President. Yes. Well, there’s none on me give this speech, but I’ll be very short. mine, but there may have been on our side But Kiichi, when you look at where we were of the Pacific. There’s a lot of misunder- a year ago or 2 years ago in terms of world standing over there. But I want you to know peace, your little kids in this country or kids that because we thought you responded in our country growing up worried about very positively. You shouldn’t have a burden nuclear holocaust, and now we see a tre- of people saying you didn’t. mendous opportunity—— The Prime Minister. Should we get down The Prime Minister. This is really a new to our discussions again? wind in the world. The President. Okay. Thank you all. The President. It is. So, we’ve got to lead it. And we’ve got to work; we’ve got to iron out these differences between us so that we Note: The President spoke at 12:26 p.m. to can go forward without tensions mounting Japanese and American business leaders and dividing up the world into trading blocs. meeting in Akasaka Palace. In his remarks, And I am really excited about the potential. he referred to Michio Watanabe, Japanese But here’s a man that’s demonstrated his Minister of Foreign Affairs.

50 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / Jan. 8

Joint Statement by the President and Prime Minister Kiichi Miyazawa of Japan: A Strategy for World Growth January 8, 1992

President Bush and Prime Minister assistance (ODA) and other measures, de- Miyazawa today announced A Strategy for spite tight fiscal conditions. Prime Minister World Growth designed to strengthen the Miyazawa stated that the Government of world economy. Japan will monitor the progress of the above The President and Prime Minister ex- measures so as to assure that the expected pressed concern that growth of the world effects are realized. The recent decision by economy in 1991 slowed to the lowest level the Bank of Japan to reduce interest rates in nearly a decade. They recognized that is also intended to maintain sustainable the outlook for growth of the world econ- growth with price stability. omy this year is weaker than previously ex- Toward the same end, President Bush pected. This situation could adversely affect also stated that he would be submitting to the prospects for income and jobs, under- the Congress a comprehensive program to mine the efforts of newly emerging democ- strengthen U.S. growth and competitive- racies and the developing countries to im- ness. The details of the program will be plement sound market-oriented economic contained in the President’s State of the reforms, and raises the spectre of renewed Union message and his budget proposals for protectionism. fiscal 1993 to be announced later this The United States and Japan are the two month. The President noted that the recent largest countries in the world economy, to- reduction in interest rates reflected the de- gether accounting for nearly 40 percent of termination by the Federal Reserve to facili- total global production and more than 20 tate U.S. economic recovery and growth. percent of world trade. The President and The President also reaffirmed his commit- Prime Minister, aware of a special respon- ment to achieve a substantial reduction of sibility placed on their countries by their the U.S. budget deficit over the medium position, recognize that each country needs term. to pursue responsible economic policies that strengthen the international economy and The President and Prime Minister re- global trading system. They have decided viewed developments in financial markets to undertake domestic policies to improve and agreed that recent exchange rate move- growth prospects, as a part of a cooperative ments were consistent with current eco- effort which contributes to the attainment nomic developments. They expressed con- of sustainable growth with price stability fidence that the above measures and devel- and the promotion of global economic re- opments will contribute to correction of ex- covery. ternal imbalances. Prime Minister Miyazawa, with these con- President Bush and Prime Minister siderations in mind, stated that the Govern- Miyazawa expressed their continued support ment of Japan will submit to the Diet the for ongoing economic policy coordination fiscal 1992 budget and the Fiscal Invest- among G–7 countries as essential for achiev- ment and Loan Program aimed at strength- ing their common objectives as expressed ening domestic demand by increased public in this statement. They stressed the impor- investment through the central government tance of continued cooperative efforts and and local governments, and contributing to called on other industrial countries to join the world through its official development with them.

51 Jan. 8 / Administration of George Bush, 1992

Text of Remarks at the State Dinner Hosted by Prime Minister Kiichi Miyazawa of Japan in Tokyo January 8, 1992

Mrs. Bush. Mr. Prime Minister and Mrs. the same values and bear a heavy respon- Miyazawa, I rarely get to speak for George sibility for world order. It is my conviction Bush. But tonight I know he would want that the United States and Japan must move me to thank you, on behalf of the members forward together as partners. We share a of his administration and the American busi- common vision for the post-cold-war world, nessmen who are here, for a wonderful visit a world knitted together by a global trading and for a great friendship, in my part, for system with common rules making possible a lovely day, and I think for a wonderful free and equitable competition. day for all of you. Kiichi, I know our people share a love You know, I can’t explain what happened of baseball, so perhaps we should think of to George because it never happened be- this new world in this spirit. You’ve called fore. But I’m beginning to think it’s the Am- your country a team player, a description bassador’s fault. [Laughter] He and George I would also apply to America. So let’s com- played the Emperor and the Crown Prince pete in the arena of free and open trade. in tennis today, and they were badly beaten. Open competition and close cooperation And we Bushes aren’t used to that. [Laugh- will make both our countries winners. ter] So, he felt much worse than I thought. Working together, no two nations can do [Laughter] more to realize a new era of peace and But General Scowcroft is going to speak prosperity than Japan and the United States. for the President. And thank you very much You once spoke of the need to create an for a wonderful visit. economy for the benefit of mankind and Mr. Scowcroft. Ladies and gentlemen, it’s to challenge the unknown. So now, let us my great honor on behalf of the President, join together. Let us forge a global partner- and without his assured elegance, to deliver ship as we confront the challenges of the the remarks he was going to make. May coming century. For the sake of our chil- I first, Mr. Prime Minister, on his behalf, dren, for the sake of their children, we must thank you for your very kind words, your not let these opportunities slip through our expressions of solidarity, hope, and friend- fingers. ship. Mr. Prime Minister, I hear you are fond Prime Minister Miyazawa, Deputy Prime of the phrase ‘‘large trees with deep roots.’’ Minister Watanabe, distinguished ministers, Let us guard the growing tree of our friend- distinguished former Prime Ministers, ladies ship so that it may shelter all the genera- and gentlemen. Mr. Prime Minister, it is tions to come. already clear from our discussions that we To this friendship, I raise my glass. share much in common. Most important, we both want stronger ties, better trade, and a closer friendship between our two countries. Barbara and I are honored to be here. I am proud to join you in welcoming the Note: The dinner was held in the Small Din- season of the new year and to look ahead ing Room at the Prime Minister’s residence with honesty and understanding to the era in Tokyo. The President became ill at the of a new century. dinner before the scheduled remarks, and Mr. Prime Minister, let me offer my very he returned to the Akasaka Palace. Mrs. warmest congratulation on your election. I Bush spoke at 8:55 p.m. Gen. Brent Scow- sincerely look forward to the work that lies croft, Assistant to the President for National together before us. As you remarked earlier Security Affairs, delivered the President’s this year, the United States and Japan share remarks.

52 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / Jan. 9

Text of Remarks at the Japanese Welcoming Committee Luncheon in Tokyo January 9, 1992

Thank you, Prime Minister Kaifu. Of the power of ideas. Technologies that trans- course, I want to start my remarks by ex- mit ideas in the blink of an eye carry the tending to all of you the President’s apolo- human spirit over barricades and through gies for not being present at lunch today. barbed wire. They hurdle walls designed to This meeting was to be a high point of his hold back the truth. We live in a world trip. I’m sure you all know as well of his transformed, shrunken by swift travel and great respect and warm feelings for former instant communication, drawn closer by Prime Minister Kaifu. And it is with real common interests and ambitions, propelled regret that he was not able to be here at forward by people’s imaginations and lunchtime today. dreams. As Prime Minister Kaifu said, the Presi- As leaders of this transforming world, the dent is fine. I talked to his doctor just an United States and Japan must help build hour ago. The doctor is a former classmate a new international order based on the rule of mine at college. I know him very well, of law, respect for human rights, and politi- so I can assure you the information is cor- cal and economic liberty. We must shape rect. The doctor has told the President in a world enriched by open trade and robust very strict terms to rest this morning. He competition, a world that will create a bet- will be resuming his schedule later today ter life for people of all nations. and, I’m sure, will express to all of you his The United States lies between two great deep regret at not being able to join you oceans, the Atlantic and the Pacific. We are at this wonderful gathering. a nation of the Atlantic by birth, but our Mr. Prime Minister, members of the ties to the Asia-Pacific region deepen daily. Diet, distinguished guests, it is a deep honor Our two-way trade is now $310 billion an- to be here today. President Bush has asked nually, one-third larger than that with Eu- me to make his remarks to you this after- rope. Our prosperity and yours are indivis- noon. Although there have been minor ible. American businesses cannot flourish in grammatical changes in pronouns, this is the Asia unless the economies of Asia thrive and President’s speech. These are his words. grow. We come to Japan at the culmination of At the same time, Japan’s growth needs a long and productive journey. Today we American markets open and growing. Since stand at a turning point in history. The cold 1975, the number of Americans of Asian war is over. The Soviet Union has vanished origin has nearly quadrupled. What happens and with it the delusions of communism. here is very important to us. And at the Centuries-old enemies in the Middle East core of our continuing Asian engagement are tempering ancient hatreds in pursuit of stands our alliance with Japan. peace. Freedom’s phoenix is rising from the At each stop during his visit to the region, ashes of tyranny in nations from Latin the President has stressed the challenges we America to Eastern Europe and from Cam- must face, addressing the new security re- bodia to Mongolia. quirements of our transforming world, pro- Freedom’s rebirth was painful, its tri- moting democracy, and generating world umphs inscribed in blood, its truce seared economic growth and prosperity. Let me ex- by the fires of war and sacrifice. This cen- pand upon that by focusing on the special tury has taught us two crucial lessons: First, relationship that the United States enjoys that isolationism and protectionism lead to with Japan. Rarely in history have two na- war and deprivation; and second, that politi- tions with such different and differing his- cal engagement and open trade lead to toric cultural roots developed such an ex- peace and prosperity. traordinary relationship. Our people are These last few years we again learned of bound by shared security, by democracy,

53 Jan. 9 / Administration of George Bush, 1992 and by our deep economic ties. percent of the world’s gross national prod- There are those who doubt the future of uct. We contribute together 40 percent of this relationship. There are reasons for ten- all bilateral aid. We have the ability to mar- sion. Here in Japan you have a saying, shal unrivaled resources to build a better ‘‘Some rain must fall to prepare the ground future if our foreign policies are well coordi- for building.’’ We can all see that without nated. progress we may be in for some rough America has a responsibility here, but it weather. And I must be frank in saying that is a responsibility we share with Japan. The there are problems in our economic rela- upcoming conference on assistance to the tionship. Speaking not only for the United nations of the former U.S.S.R., now the States but for many developed countries, Ja- Commonwealth of Independent States, is a pan’s trade surplus is too high, and its mar- timely example of such foreign policy co- ket access too restricted. ordination. President Bush has come to Japan as a The collapse of the Soviet Union has also friend, seeking solutions to these concerns, spurred questions within Japan about the believing that the expansion of free and fair durability of U.S.-Japan alliance. For dec- trade will do nothing but strengthen our re- ades, this alliance has stood as the bulwark lationship. We in the United States are con- of American-Japanese international coopera- fident about our capacity for partnership. tion. It is today every bit the linchpin of Our areas of common interest are too im- regional stability and bilateral cooperation portant. Consider the four key areas of our that wise men foresaw years ago. joint relationship. The demise of the Soviet Union may con- First, the U.S.-Japan security alliance. We front us both with ominous dangers, but it enjoy a strong security bond with Japan. Ja- also presents us an historic opportunity. The pan’s generous host-nation support for U.S. leadership Japan and other Asian nations forces stationed here is an important dem- can provide to help transform a once-totali- onstration of shared responsibilities. Let us make the most efficient use of our defense tarian empire into market-oriented and resources by building greater coordination democratic states helps guarantee the future of our military forces and by promoting the peace and stability of our world. two-way flow of defense technology. Such Let me add that with the changes in the cooperation enhances our security and former Soviet Union, the United States sees builds even stronger political ties between no reason why Japan should not regain the us. Northern Territories. We share this goal, The Gulf crisis sparked spirited debate and in whatever way we can, we will help here about Japan’s global role. That makes you attain it. it all the more profound that no nation out- We cannot imagine meeting the foreign side the Gulf region provided more gener- policy challenges of our time without Japan ous financial support than did Japan. The as a partner. That is why today Prime Min- American people and peace-loving people ister Miyazawa and President Bush will everywhere appreciate deeply your con- issue a document called the Tokyo Declara- tribution, Japan’s contribution, to the tion, setting out the basic principles and United Nations coalition in the Gulf. major challenges of our global partnership. Even before the Gulf war, but especially By putting into words the fundamentals of in its aftermath, Japan has continued to de- the two great partners, we hope to guide fine its growing role in world affairs. An the way through the turbulent waters ahead. increasingly active, engaged, and respon- We must be clear about our responsibilities sible Japan is critical to a forward-looking and our requirements, for our renewed alli- post-cold-war community. That community ance will do much to define the shape of will not exist unless its leading powers lead. the post-cold-war world. This brings us to the second area of our Third, we must deepen our understanding relationship, our foreign policy cooperation. of each other. For all of our interaction po- We must fulfill the bright promise of our litically and economically, our peoples know global partnership. Together, we produce 40 too little of the other’s history, tradi-

54 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / Jan. 9 tions, and language. We welcome the work mestic policies to stimulate growth. Ex- of the Center for Global Partnership in expanded domestic demand in Japan trans- panding exchanges and interactions, intel- lates into additional exports to Japan for lectual, scientific, and cultural. Thanks to American products and jobs at home. And such programs, our two nations will have we are seeking broad support for growth an ever-increasing number of people who policies among other industrialized coun- have lived in each other’s country, speak tries as well. each other’s language, and understand more Many American businesses learned during fully how important we are to each other. the past decade that the old ways no longer Although more than 200,000 Asian stu- work in our changing international market- dents now study in American colleges and place. Our companies have cut costs, im- universities, more Americans must immerse proved quality, and championed innovation. themselves in Asian societies and cultures. As a result, our products sell in markets As the exchange of free people and ideas everywhere they have access. And candidly, flows between our nations and as the cold such access is still limited in Japan. war ends in victory for our cause, our eco- We must reduce the trade imbalance be- nomic relations have taken center stage. tween us, not through managed trade, This brings me to the fourth and most im- through gimmicks or artificial devices, but portant point. simply by gaining true and welcome access If we are to expand our economic ties, to your markets. We want to create fair op- we must face up to the economic tensions portunities for traders and investors, both that threaten our relations. We must reduce buyers and sellers, by removing the barriers those tensions now by opening markets and both seen and unseen to open and equitable by eliminating barriers to trade and invest- trade. ment. We are now each other’s largest overseas trading partner. Japan will sell about American business doesn’t need a hand- $90 billion worth of goods and services to out and doesn’t want one. Some say that the United States this year. We will sell perhaps it is time to help the United States nearly $50 billion to Japan. out of a sense of pity or compassion. Let Our economies, the world’s two largest me tell you, we are looking for no such and most technologically advanced, have be- help. What the United States wants from come irreversibly intertwined. Closing mar- Japan is for Japan to recognize its inter- kets and restricting trade have previously national economic responsibility for its own brought the world to the brink of economic sake and for the sake of the global market- disorder. Isolation and protectionism must place upon which Japan depends. When we remain the sleeping ghosts of the past, not express appreciation to those who seek to the waking nightmares of the future. We open Japanese markets, it is not because must reject these failed notions in the sure we need a handout but because we know knowledge that expanding markets mean ex- an open Japan is good for us all. panding jobs and increasing prosperity for Our companies simply expect the chance both our countries. to compete fairly in markets around the We must ensure a continued strong two- world. Our Government remains committed way economic relationship between Japan to open markets, and we will further reduce and the United States, with markets more our own trade barriers as our friends dis- open to new goods and services, manufac- mantle their own. turers more open to new competitive ideas, Our two countries have embarked on a the financial services industry competing on unique experiment in economic independ- a fair basis, and an equitable flow of tech- ence called the Structural Impediments Ini- nology on both sides. tiative. In this effort, each side pinpoints Our two countries share a special respon- the other’s barriers to competitiveness, and sibility to strengthen the world economy. each commits to reduce them. We both Yesterday the President and the Prime Min- must reinvigorate this commitment to mar- ister announced a strategy for world growth ket access, whether for high quality Amer- which commits both our countries to do- ican products or quality American

55 Jan. 9 / Administration of George Bush, 1992 services. The beneficiaries will be the work- of the so-called Dunkel draft, but we cannot ers and consumers on both sides of the Pa- let the progress it represents slip through cific. our fingers. If we allow that draft to be Improving our economic relations in- picked apart by special interests, who wins? cludes further opening your markets. It Not our people, not yours, not the less de- means greater openness in many sectors of veloped nations. No one. The GATT round the Japanese economy still biased against is the world’s best hope for expanding trade outside investment. These practices hurt for all countries. American companies, but they also hurt Jap- Men and women from all walks of life anese consumers. and all parts of America constantly tell the Americans want the same things you President this: They believe very, very want, a better quality of life for themselves strongly in creating a level playing field for and their families. Americans never say, everyone. We want all our trading partners ‘‘Please raise our prices.’’ And I’ll bet the to give the United States companies the Japanese don’t either. Every worker is also same kind of opportunities that their firms a consumer, and economic competition enjoy in the United States. That’s not just brings them great choices and lower prices. free trade; that’s fair trade. And it creates In fact, the Toys-R-Us store that the Presi- a basis for even greater freedom and greater dent visited in Kyoto offers prices up to prosperity for all. 30 percent lower than its Japanese competi- Many of our Japanese friends argue that tion. The stunning success of the consumers’ response to its sister store north of the United States must improve its competi- Tokyo tells the same story. That’s good for tiveness, and they’re right. We recognize us, and it’s good for you. that some of our bilateral trade imbalance U.S. export business is stronger than ever. stems from causes other than restricted We sold more exports last year than ever market access. One reason for Japan’s com- before. We enjoy a trade surplus with Eu- petitiveness is because Japan has saved and rope. About one-third of our economic invested at a rate double that of the United growth between 1985 and 1990 was attrib- States. You have focused on applied re- utable to merchandise exports. To Japan, search and development and new manufac- our manufactured exports are up 70 percent turing technologies. Your companies have since 1987, a $20 billion increase that rep- established fine quality control systems. You resents almost half a million jobs. have developed a highly educated labor Still the overall trade deficit with Japan force and have taken the long view to de- remains large. And I might add, its persist- velop markets abroad. ence is truly the exception among our trad- There is much for us to learn from you. ing partners. Let me say this: We have wait- We are taking steps to boost our competi- ed a long time, but now the time has come tiveness. We can and will increase our rate for equal access. Fairplay is in both our in- of savings and investment. We will continue terests. to boost our manufacturing’s excellence. We As you know, the United States and Japan will reduce the budget deficit. To stimulate also face the urgent challenge of leading innovation, risk, and longer term business the way to a successful conclusion of the outlook, the President is pushing for invest- Uruguay round. Because of the benefits we ment incentives, R&D credits, and capital each derive from free trade, Japan and the gains tax cuts. In America, cutting capital United States bear a special responsibility gains is politically extremely difficult. It for tackling the remaining difficult issues would be easier if our politicians saw the quickly and decisively. The success of the positive effect on Japan’s competitiveness round depends on bold, farsighted leader- due to low capital gains rates. ship. We must lift our gaze to the glimmer- And America must raise its educational ing horizon of broader prosperity and not standards. Our America 2000 education worry over the stones in our immediate strategy will fuel a revolution for better path. quality schools. This is another path to com- Yes, all of us have problems with portions petitiveness. The education achievements of

56 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / Jan. 9

Japan and others in the Asia-Pacific region nence. Japan must now join the ranks of inspire us. That is why President Bush has world leadership in strengthening free mar- invited the countries of the Pacific Rim to kets and freedom. send their education ministers to Washing- Finally, let me leave with you a message ton for a conference this spring to seek new that the President wished to give directly ways to cooperate and to learn from each to the people of Japan. And I quote: other’s accomplishments. The American people are your friends. With the President today, traveling with Friendship must be built upon three pillars: him, is a delegation of America’s top busi- fairness, trust, and respect. We expect noth- ness leaders. They’ve come to explore new ing less, and we ask for nothing more. business opportunities in all the nations the Today marks a turning point for us in many President has visited. Every one of them ways. Together, we face the next millen- can tell you that despite the fact that our nium, a new order for the ages, a new world economy is facing some new tough times of freedom and democracy. We stand as the right now, America still draws upon tremen- world’s powers with the future presenting dous strengths. Our basic research is the us with a decision. The United States has best anywhere. We have many of the made its choice against isolationism and in world’s finest universities. American tech- favor of engagement, against protectionism nology remains on the cutting edge in many and for expanding trade. Today we bid advanced fields such as computers and bio- Japan to do the same because engagement technology. Our society is energetic, cre- and open trade are in your best interest. ative, and talented. It has the added advan- Together, let us shape a new and open tage of drawing upon the strengths and in- world, a world of vigorous competition and sights of many cultures, including Japan’s. dazzling innovation. Let us build a world The chief executive officers accompanying of greater prosperity and peace than ever the President will also tell you that they before, if not for the sake of ourselves, then care about American jobs. They care about for the sake of our children. This is the American exports. Obviously, so does the finest legacy that we could bequeath to President. We know that the Asian-Pacific them. market offers enormous potential to those Thank you very much. American businesses that will accept the challenge of competition. That same competition has propelled Japan toward world Note: Secretary of the Treasury Nicholas F. leadership. Open markets around the world Brady delivered the President’s remarks at has provided Japan with economic promi- 12:45 p.m. at the Akasaka Prince Hotel.

Exchange With Reporters Prior to Discussions With Prime Minister Kiichi Miyazawa of Japan in Tokyo January 9, 1992

President’s Health Try to pace it for this afternoon, go over Q. Mr. President, what can you say to a little business here with—and I apologize reassure people that you’re all right, sir? to the Prime Minister for such a shabby The President. Tell them to talk to my performance. doctor. I feel pretty good. Coming back But you know one thing, Mr. Prime Min- strong. I’ve got a 24-hour flu. But I feel ister, it was wonderful, the flowers and pretty good. I had a fair sleep, slept this cards from your associates. It was very morning. Still mainly on fluids. But I think touching. And it is not that serious, but it it was just one of those bounces that come was so sweet to do that. along. But I’m feeling all right. Q. Are you back to normal, sir, or are you

57 Jan. 9 / Administration of George Bush, 1992 still a little under the weather? The Prime Minister. I’m so glad, Presi- The President. Well, I don’t think I’ll go dent, that I think everything is all right. We running this afternoon. But I’m, I’d say, will shortly announce our joint resolve this close to back to normal. This is a 24-hour afternoon. And I’m glad the President is in thing, and apparently I got it over the such good shape that he can now enjoy the evening. But I really do feel pretty good, rest of his stay here, and he’s having dinner Rita [Rita Beamish, Associated Press]. Not this evening. as strong as I’d like to be, but strong President’s Health enough to continue on now. Q. Are you going to slow down the pace The President. So anyway, why, it all a little bit, sir? worked out well. A little alarmed there. I The President. Nope. felt so embarrassed. Q. Why not? The Prime Minister. No, no, that happens The President. Well, because everybody to everybody. gets the flu. Some of you guys have had The President. I got a preview in the reit. You can’t change your pace because of ceiving line. And I turned to the Prime that. This is just a 24-hour bug. I’ve been Minister, and I said, ‘‘Would you please ex- very lucky, lucky, knock on wood, for the cuse me?’’ And I rushed into the men’s last 3 years, and I’ve been relatively spared room there, and then I thought that had of the flu. I’ve had a flu shot, so I hoped taken care of it. But back I came, and it that that would guard against it. But all the happened, and oh, it was just the beginning. signs—Burt Lee can tell you—but the heart Q. Are you going to tell him to take it and all, the EKG, all the things they do easy on you today in the trade talks because just to doublecheck are perfect, absolutely you’ve been ill? [Laughter] perfect. Q. Mr. President, did you see the TV pictures of what happened last night, sir? Trade With Japan The President. I’m not sure I want to, Q. Sir, are you going to get the sweeping but I heard it was pretty dramatic. changes on trade that you wanted instead The Prime Minister. I did. of the piecemeal changes that you talked The President. Did you see it? about and said you didn’t want? The Prime Minister. Just normal, kind of, The President. Well, we’re going to talk nothing out of the ordinary. about that today. But the Prime Minister Q. When did you start feeling ill? Early has been extraordinarily cooperative, and in the day or earlier? we’re going to have some good discussions. The President. Really sick, you mean? But I’d rather wait until we get a full pack- Well, late in the afternoon I had a little age to be discussed. But put it this way, indication, then at the reception, and then, I don’t want to put words in his mouth, of course, at the dinner. but I’m quite encouraged. And as you know, Thank you all. from day one, even before we got here, Q. Feel better, sir. Feel better. Prime Minister Miyazawa’s approach has The President. Thanks a lot. I really do. been one that I’ve appreciated very, very much. The things he has said and now the Note: The exchange began at 1:38 p.m. prior way he is driving his team to do what I’m to an expanded bilateral meeting at the doing, driving our team to come to agree- Akasaka Palace. In his remarks, the Presi- ment. dent referred to Dr. Burton J. Lee III, Phy- So, did you want to add to that? sician to the President.

58 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / Jan. 9

The President’s News Conference With Prime Minister Kiichi Miyazawa of Japan in Tokyo January 9, 1992

The President. The Prime Minister has States and Japan on global issues and re- suggested I go first. So let me just say that gional problems is absolutely essential to we’ve had a highly productive and extremely achieve the foreign policy objectives of both enjoyable visit to Japan. Last night’s cov- countries. In this visit, we’ve dedicated our- erage might not have looked like I was en- selves to building a more prosperous and joying myself, but all in all it’s been great. peaceful world. And for this purpose, the And for those who have been so nice to Prime Minister and I have stressed the inquire, I really do feel almost back to the common purposes of our global partnership, way I felt before I got hit by this flu. and we’ve set forth the principles for this But in any event, I want to first express partnership in a Tokyo Declaration. my deepest appreciation to the Emperor And third, we made progress in our all- and the Empress and to Prime Minister and important economic relationship. Over the Mrs. Miyazawa. I just can’t imagine any- past few years we’ve worked with some suc- thing more hospitable than their kindnesses cess to open markets here so both our coun- to us. We appreciate the warm and gracious tries can benefit from increased trade, lower welcome that they’ve extended to us, and prices, better goods, and more jobs. And I also want to thank the many other Japa- indeed, we’ve increased our exports to nese leaders and people that Barbara and Japan some 70 percent since 1987 and cut I have met in the last few days for their our trade deficit with Japan by about 30 kindnesses and for the wonderful cards and percent. the flowers that came in when I had that My administration has negotiated some 11 little flu bug. We feel we have a much better under- arrangements to increase our exports in spe- standing of your great country, sir, and the cific sectors. This trip adds another signifi- great promise of what truly is a global part- cant but interim step to that progress, and, nership. of course, we will keep pressing ahead and The substantive focus of my visit has been monitoring progress. I believe the U.S. Gov- the three very productive sessions that I had ernment and our business leaders have sent with Prime Minister Miyazawa, an old and a strong message about the importance of respected friend. As leaders of the two larg- fair access to markets. est economies in the world with a wide The detail in the Action Plan, including range of security and political, as well as the voluntary import proposals involving economic interest, we had an awful lot to many billions of dollars and increased U.S. talk about. And on the basis of these discus- content for Japanese cars made in the sions, I can make three fundamental obser- United States, make it clear that the mes- vations about U.S.-Japan relations. sage has been received. First, our security alliance is sound. The Our agreement on government computer U.S.-Japan security treaty remains the core procurement will open up additional oppor- of stability in East Asia, a region still beset tunities in a large leading-edge industry for with the uncertainties of a world in pro- the United States. We’ve worked out spe- found change. Japan’s generous host-nation cific commitments in other sectors rep- support agreement has helped ensure our resenting increased opportunities for U.S. continuing ability to retain a forward-de- exports including auto parts, paper, and ployed presence in Japan, a presence that glass and resolved over 50 standards prob- is essential to American, Japanese, and re- lems, this is the key, 50 standards problems gional interests. that have impeded American businesses. Second, as we enter the post-cold-war era And we’ve agreed to expand our Structural with its many challenges and opportunities, Impediments Initiative by adding new com- increased cooperation between the United mitments that will help us follow up on this

59 Jan. 9 / Administration of George Bush, 1992 trip. And I’m pleased that we have worked ing foresight and leadership as shown in the out together the announcement from a day START agreement as well as the nuclear ago, a strategy for world growth. That one disarmament proposal. will be helpful to both economies. Japan and the United States have stead- I’m also particularly pleased that Japan fastly maintained freedom, democracy, and and the U.S. could agree on a strong joint basic human rights, and market economies; statement about the Dunkel draft for the together account for 40 percent of the glob- Uruguay round negotiations. We’re sending al GNP, establishing unprecedented pros- a joint message that I hope will build mo- perity together. And I think it’s important mentum to drive the GATT negotiations to that we together work to further promote a successful finish. the building of the new world order, the There is no doubt that we have much new world. And it is important that the more work to do, abroad and at home, to United States continues to exercise leader- increase U.S. exports and the jobs they cre- ship. And Japan wishes to actively support ate. Yet, we’ve made headway. There’s no those efforts by the United States. I believe question about that. And I’m committed to that the meetings that I had with the Presi- accomplishing more in the future, using all dent would mark a concrete first step to- available measures. wards the building of a Japan-U.S. global In conclusion, this visit has been a suc- partnership. cess. It has reaffirmed our vital political, se- I had a candid exchange of views on var- curity, and economic relationship. It has ad- ious trade and economic issues as well. And vanced our goal of leveling the playing field in addition to steadily implementing our in U.S.-Japan competition, of further open- economic policies as reflected in the joint ing Japan’s markets to our exports. statement issued yesterday, I believe we So, this progress translates into jobs and were able to engage in substantive discus- economic growth in America because I know the American worker can compete sions on various measures related to the with anyone around the world if given a automobiles and automotive parts and com- fair chance. And that’s exactly what we in- ponents, the central area of Japan-U.S. tend to do. And the accomplishments I’ve trade issue today. mentioned here aim us directly in that di- Now, in view of the closeness of the eco- rection. Thank you, Mr. Prime Minister. nomic ties between our two countries, fric- The Prime Minister. Well, those of you tions would be inevitable from time to time, who watched the television last evening and, of course, our agreement this time must have been concerned very much. But would not necessarily resolve all the prob- as you can see, the President is very well lems. But I believe that the discussions I today. And I think people around the world had with the President have been very use- feel assured now. And I sincerely pray for ful, and I’m satisfied with the meetings. his continued good health. Furthermore, on the basis of the discus- This is the first time in 8 years that we sions that I have had with the President welcome the U.S. President here. And we this time, we have come up with the Tokyo had three meetings with him. We were able Declaration and the attached document to have a very candid exchange of views. called the Action Plan. These documents And I’m also very glad and satisfied that are indeed very dramatic and epoch-making we have been able to strike very close per- in that they spell out how our bilateral rela- sonal relations. tions ought to be, bearing in mind the 21st As shown by the dismemberment of the century, and also spells out our responsibil- Soviet Union at the end of last year, the ities and roles that our two countries respec- world in the post-cold-war era doubtless are tively should play and the issues we together developing new moves and trends towards ought to address. And we are determined the building of peace and democracy. And to further strengthen global partnership be- in creating such historic developments, I tween our two countries on visa fees and should like to express once again my deep documents. respect to President Bush for his outstand- I believe it is quite unprecedented that

60 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / Jan. 9 countries in terms of human history, coun- what strange. So, with regard to the second tries with so strikingly different cultures and objective, I wonder if your visit this time history have established a deep inter- really has been helpful in overcoming the dependence and cooperation. It is unprece- sense of dislike for the United States. dented that countries with such different The President. I’m embarrassed to say I cultural and historic backgrounds share the didn’t follow all the hypothesis. But I think future together and together would work for I got the two points that you asked. One the world. And I believe that we are attract- is jobs. I think we have created jobs. We ing a lot of attention from around the world, get back there, and we’ll have to see. We’ve and I intend to do my best, together with got the growth agenda. We have entrance the President, to respond to these adapta- to certain markets, computers and other tions. things. We’ve got auto parts; they’ll be dis- I should like to give the first opportunity cussed with you later on by the people that to the Japanese press. And when asking a have worked out the details. So, I think we question, please state your name and affili- can say this has been productive in that ac- ation and also to whom you are directing count. the question. In terms of—you only said dislike for U.S. Japan-U.S. Relations in Japan. I have been troubled about anti- Japanese feeling in the United States and Q. First of all, I’m quite relieved to see anti-U.S. feeling in Japan. And I think, be- you fit and well. My question is for Presi- cause of the hospitality of Prime Minister dent Bush. Before coming to Japan, Mr. Miyazawa, because of the schedule that had President, you stated that there are two ob- been worked out, because of the personal jectives to your visit. One is, this is a job- attention to us by Their Majesties the Em- creating trip; you are going to increase jobs peror and Empress, and hopefully by the for the Americans. I think that was the first way our business people have moved out objective that you’ve stated. The second ob- and talked to a lot of different folks, and jective, and I think this was stated during Barbara’s visit to the schools, I hope that the press conference in Singapore, you re- that has helped in this second category that ferred to the sense of dislike for the United you properly ask about. States in Japan, and one of your objectives I think time will tell. But I’ll tell you from is to overcome such sentiment in Japan. In our standpoint, I think that the signals going your statement just now you mentioned that back to the United States of this kind of you believe your visit has been successful hospitality, this kind of genuine friendship, for the first objective, that is, for growth. this kind of caring when I have a little tiny So, I should like to ask a question with re- bout of flu sends a good signal. And some- gard to the second objective. times we forget the big picture. And as I A U.S. high official said in Seoul, ‘‘Even tried in my statement to say, this U.S.-Japan if the political strength of Prime Minister relationship is vital to world security and Miyazawa is weak, there is the Liberal to many other things. Democratic Party in Japan.’’ That was a So, I hope the visit has helped in that statement that came out on the 5th of this second account, sir. month, and then on the 6th—well, I think he was referring to remarks that were made by Prime Minister Miyazawa at the Ise The President’s Health Shrine that since Japan enjoyed favor of the Q. Mr. President, people all around the United States after the war, it is time for world yesterday saw some very disturbing Japan to return that friendship. And that video of you collapsing in apparently very high official said the United States is not severe distress that many of us are not ac- seeking charity. customed to when we see people with the You’ve come with business leaders this flu. Can you describe what you were experi- time and I think the—— encing there? And also, can you say that The President. What’s the question? your doctors have conclusively ruled out Q. ——Japanese people feel that is some- anything other than the flu, or will there be

61 Jan. 9 / Administration of George Bush, 1992 further tests? I have always said that if I felt I couldn’t The President. No further tests. Totally do my job for some physical reason, I ruled out anything other than the 24-hour wouldn’t run for President. But all signals flu. I’ve had an EKG, perfectly normal. I’ve are still go. had blood pressure taken and probing around in all kinds of ways. And it’s all Multilateral Trade Negotiations going very well, indeed. And I got a call from Bill Webster today, former head of Q. I’ve got a question for Mr. Miyazawa. CIA. I didn’t take it, but somebody passed I think you referred to giving impetus to it along, and he told me of exactly the same the Uruguay round talks, to the Dunkel thing happening to him where he went in document. I wonder what sort of momen- and totally collapsed. tum you’re talking about. What sort of mo- So, this is the flu. I’m very fortunate that mentum does Japan intend to add? in all the years that I’ve been President, The Prime Minister. This document refers I don’t think I’ve had much of it. And so, to this moment which could be a stimulus let me just take this question and then reas- or whatever you call it. Now, at these final sure the American people and others that stages of the Uruguay round talks, the talks have expressed so much interest that that’s would be boiled down, and in this Dunkel all there is to it. Nothing else to it. text, which is not a final text, the issues And somebody asked me earlier, am I have been clarified. So, the range of issues going to slow down my schedule? I don’t are becoming narrower. That is what we think it has anything to do with speed or are referring to. slowness of the schedule. One of the businessmen, who is young and aggressive and ’92 Presidential Election eager, this morning—a young guy on this trip—got it. I understand some of the jour- Q. Mr. President, I read an interview, a nalists have had flu. And people in our transcript of an interview with Mrs. Bush country have had it, so why isn’t the Presi- in which she stated that if there should dent entitled to 24 hours? [Laughter] come a defeat in November for you, that But really, I’m glad to get the question she wouldn’t be extremely disappointed at because they’ve done all the checking in the the possibility of doing some other things. world. The heart is normal, the thyroid, or I’m wondering, sir, are you mentally pre- whatever is left of it, is going fine, and— pared for the possibility of not winning in [laughter]—I really have no hesitancy or November, and if you have given any worry at all. thought to her view of doing something else Q. Are you at all concerned that now that other than going all over the world and liv- you’ve had two quite, sort of public health ing 18-hour days? episodes, that some of the Democratic polit- The President. The answer to your ques- ical opponents who are a lot younger than tion is no and no. [Laughter] I think I’m you might make a subtle issue out of the going to win. I have not thought of any fact that you’re somewhat older and perhaps alternative. I believe I’ve been a good Presi- you, because of your hectic schedule—— dent. Everybody talks about ‘‘dogged by The President. Do you think only old peo- sagging polls’’—any time the country is fac- ple get the flu, Rita [Rita Beamish, Associ- ing problems and people are hurting, the ated Press]? Do you think only old people President must and should pay a certain get the flu? I think Democrats get the flu price for that. But I’m also confident that from time to time. [Laughter] So, I our economy will recover, and I think that wouldn’t worry about that. I think it would we’ll have a strong case to take to the Amer- backfire if somebody tried to make an issue. ican people. I’ve been blessed by a good, strong physical So literally, I’ve never thought about it. condition. I played tennis yesterday and I don’t think ‘‘defeat’’ when I’m fixing to then, wham, got hit with the flu. But that’s go into a campaign, and I don’t think of perfectly normal. So, I don’t think there’s alternatives. So, it never has come up. Now, any political downside. I won’t give her equal time. I don’t know

62 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / Jan. 9 what she’s thinking about, but I literally What’s different from this round of trade have not thought about it at all. I believe talks than previous ones? I’m going to win. The President. Gene [Gene Gibbons, Reuters], let me simply say that when this Japan-U.S. Trade is over I believe there are going to be some Q. I’d like to ask a question of Prime briefings from our experts to give you the Minister Miyazawa. I wonder if you’ve been specifics of what has been worked out on able to establish the results—it seems that auto parts or access to the Japanese market this has been unilateral concessions made with autos. And so, it’s come a long way. by Japan depending on how you look at it. There’s some specificity here that I think And I wonder how the Japanese should read will answer that question that I understand the results. will be provided when this broader scale The Prime Minister. The issues to be re- briefing is over. solved between Japan and the United So, I think when you look at the agree- States, of course, in resolving these prob- ments, you’re going to see that both sides lems, the good will and friendship between have agreed to more in the way of auto our two countries would be very important. parts, more in the way of autos coming into But in the midst of such new and major this country from the United States, and changes in the world, I think it is very im- in a couple of other areas as well. So, I portant that the United States, the world think there’s some specificity to go with the leader, remains firm and steady. And it hope in this case. would not be good for us for the United States to be encumbered with such difficul- Economic Growth Package ties and headaches. Now, in welcoming the Q. Do you feel that the American auto President, we had engaged in a long period industry has to do more to—— of preparations, and we’ve come up with The President. Yes, I think we’ve got to these results. There are various issues which do more as well, and not just on autos, in we’ve been thinking about for a long time both the public and the private sector. One and we hadn’t acted on, problems of our of the things that we haven’t focused on own. here today is this economic growth agenda, More specifically, there have been some and there the United States must do some- actions we thought it would be better, spe- thing. Japan is growing more than we are. cifically, to better the trade balance be- So, they should say, ‘‘Well, hey, how about tween Japan and the United States. So there yourselves?’’ And we’re saying: ‘‘We’re going were areas of betterment of the Japanese to submit a growth package. We’re going economic structure itself and also better- to fight for it. We’re going to try to get ment of the Japan-U.S. trade balance as our interest rates down.’’ And we’ve got to well. And I think as a result of the measures do a better job in all industries on building we have agreed on, we will be able to re- quality, improving competitiveness, knowl- spond to both issues. edge and understanding of the Japanese Auto Industry market so we can be vigorous competitors Q. American leaders since Nixon have based on more cultural understanding and been engaging in trade talks with Japan and background. emerging claiming great success, and noth- So, it isn’t a one-way street. And I’m very ing seems to change too much. Some of unreluctant to say that right here. that, in a more specific sense, has been related to the American auto industry, relief Japan-U.S. Relations from competition from Japan. And yet they Q. In your press conference on New continue to lose market share. Some Ameri- Year’s Day, you said you were thinking of cans feel it’s because of bloated salaries in America as—[at this point, the reporter Detroit, because of lack of responsiveness spoke in Japanese]—and my dictionary says to consumers, and the fact or the claim that it means ‘‘with a feeling of sympathy, a feel- they make cars that are not competitive. ing of compassion.’’ Why do you feel sympa-

63 Jan. 9 / Administration of George Bush, 1992 thy for America? because I’m not prepared to say what’s on The Prime Minister. Well, you use the the short list of what we are considering. words ‘‘sympathy’’ or ‘‘compassion,’’ and I We will have a sound growth package that would not claim that these are inaccurate. is sound enough that it will not adversely What I really tried to say was that we have affect the long-term interest rates that will to understand the other person’s position. get to investment and job creation at home. When you say ‘‘favored,’’ and there is the And that’s what’s needed in our economy antonym ‘‘disfavor,’’ well, what I’m trying right now. And I will be working with the to say is that we have to try and understand Congress to try to get that done. I will try the other’s position. And it is with that in to avoid some of the ideas that I’ve seen mind that I’ve tried to address these series out there that would shoot the interest rates of issues. right through the roof, would take too long And at the very base of all that is the to do anything, and would in the long run longstanding relations, friendship between be counterproductive. But I just do not our two countries. But for various reasons, want to go into detailing what’s on a pos- U.S. society—and I might say I believe U.S. sible short list, although we are narrowing society is a great society, but there are down now to, just since I’ve been on this homeless people; there is the problem of trip, to what our final proposal will include. AIDS and so on. And for various reasons, education is not as high as in the past. And Japan-U.S. Relations U.S. industries are not as competitive as in the past for various reasons. Q. Mr. President, in your summit meeting Americans are pointing to these problems. yesterday, Mr. President, you have said now And since Americans themselves are aware that the cold war is over, the Japan-U.S. of these problems, I am convinced they will relations are at a turning point or a cross- overcome these problems because I believe roads. And I think instead of confrontation, that United States is a great country. But what do you think we must do for coopera- until those problems are cured, those prob- tion? lems will continue to exist. And we have A question for the Prime Minister. You to understand the position of United States, mentioned that we were very much touched and with that understanding we have to ad- by the President’s speech in Pearl Harbor. dress the issues between our two countries Now, bearing that in mind, I wonder how because these problems appear in the form you would respond to the question raised of trade imbalance between our two coun- by the President yesterday, Mr. Prime Min- tries as well. So, it is with that sort of under- ister? standing I think we ought to approach the The President. Well, I would say coopera- problems. tion, the successful conclusion of the GATT I wonder if there is a Japanese press re- round, although that’s multilateral. I would porter who wishes to ask a question. If not, say that Japan and the United States con- then we’ll move over to the foreign press. tinue to be in such close touch that when it comes to helping other countries, be it The Economy in South America as democracy starts mov- Q. Since you are talking about your State ing there or be it in Eastern Europe or, of the Union in which you’re going to pro- indeed, in the Commonwealth, that it’s the pose some things that you hope from the U.S. and Japan that stay in very close touch U.S. side will help stimulate the economy, on those things. I had a chance today, with I imagine you might have heard something Prime Minister Miyazawa, to take a tour about that from some of the CEO’s on this d’horizon around the world. trip. Can you tell us if a payroll tax cut I would also say that it includes coopera- that would be an instant increase for busi- tion in trading in Asia itself, outside of nesses’ bottom line and in individual tax- Japan. Neither he nor I want to see the payers’ pockets is on the short list of any world divided up into trading blocs. And possible tax changes under consideration? so, as I was assuring him that the NAFTA, The President. No, I can’t tell you that the North American free trade agreement

64 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / Jan. 9 which will affect Canada and Mexico, is not the President to say all those things. And a trading bloc, I had an opportunity to glean that is why I was especially moved by the from him that Japan would lose if, say, there friendship shown by the President, the was an Asian trading bloc. I think in terms sense of trust expressed by the President. of cooperation, as your question asked, we Japan was able to grow this much, thanks will cooperate to be sure that we don’t inad- to the continued support and help by the vertently fall into trading blocs that will nar- United States. This again we should not for- row trade rather than increase it. get. And this friendship was at the very But Japan is a respected world power, and foundation of the meetings that I had with we must cooperate. I’ve supported publicly the President this time. the return of the Northern Islands to Japan. The President in Honolulu also men- And there’s an area where perhaps coopera- tioned that we must fight against or fight tion between the two parties can be helpful. off isolationism and protectionism. And I We had long talks about Mr. Yeltsin’s com- think these words were uttered with Japan ing out and trying to bring democracy and in mind. Now, in discussing economic issues free markets to Russia. And I think that this time, there was concern expressed that there’s an area where we can have coopera- the entire world might fall into protection- tion. ism, and what can we do in order to prevent So, as I look around the world, I believe that? Trade imbalance has persisted for 20 cooperation is called for in almost every in- years or so, and if nothing is done then stance. I can’t think of one where it’s not. one of the parties concerned may well fall United Nations, working in the U.N. now into protectionism. So, something ought to with Japan on the Security Council for 2 be done about it. years, close cooperation as we try to use Q. Both the President and the Prime international law to solve some of these Minister have very busy schedules, and I’d problems as we did in the Gulf. like to say they have to adjourn the meeting The Prime Minister. In the speech deliv- today. Thank you very much, President and ered by the President in Honolulu, he said Prime Minister. he held no rancor against Japan or Ger- many. These former enemies have become best friends for democracy, is what basically Note: The President’s 118th news conference he said. There are quite a few warships that began at 2:50 p.m. at the Akasaka Palace. are sunk in Pearl Harbor with the dead bod- The Prime Minister spoke in Japanese, and ies of the soldiers and with veterans in front his remarks were translated by an inter- of him. So, I believe it was not easy for preter.

Remarks at a State Dinner Hosted by Emperor Akihito of Japan in Tokyo January 9, 1992

Your Imperial Majesties and honored before us is daunting, one which will re- guests, on behalf of the American people, quire vision and courage. But it is one from we wish to thank you for the warmth of which we cannot shrink. Too much depends this reception and for your tireless efforts on us. in support of the relationship between our As leaders of this new world, we face sev- two great nations. eral challenges together, addressing the new The United States and Japan today stand security requirements of a changed world, on the threshold of a new era of cooperation promoting freedom and democracy, and in which our nations seek to build a new generating world economic growth and world of freedom and democracy. The task prosperity.

65 Jan. 9 / Administration of George Bush, 1992

Tonight, we celebrate the essence of this have been at any time in this century. new world order and the opportunity to be When the great Japanese novelist true partners in its construction. We see Kawabata received the Nobel Prize in lit- how former enemies can become close allies erature, the citation praised him for ‘‘build- and friends, real friends, each supporting, ing a spiritual bridge spanning East and competing, growing, dreaming. Each under- West.’’ In this changing world where the stands that we must resolve our differences walls that once divided whole nations from fairly and constructively. each other are crumbling, we all must be- Our people both believe in work, commu- come both bridges to and partners in a new nity, faith, and family. We know how de- world order. mocracy supports the cause of peace among In that spirit and with heartfelt thanks, nations. We realize that although half a Your Majesty, for your wonderful hospi- world may separate us, great ties unite us, tality, I ask all of your guests to raise their ties that are economic and military, moral, glasses. To your health, sir, and to the and intellectual. bridge of friendship and common purpose Your Majesty, the name you have chosen uniting our countries, to those who built for your reign can be translated as ‘‘achiev- it and cross it still, and to the prosperity ing peace.’’ That choice signifies your deep of our two great peoples. personal commitment to this noble aspiration and your resolve not to revisit the tragedies of the past. We are now closer to Note: The President spoke at 8:10 p.m. at achieving the blessings of peace than we the Imperial Palace.

Remarks and an Exchange With Reporters on Arrival From the Trip to Asian/Pacific Nations January 10, 1992

The President. Let me first say that it is eign relations have never before been so great to be home, and Barbara and I want important to our well-being at home. When to thank all those who made this important we foster democracy abroad, when we trip a success. Secretary Brady is with us strengthen our security engagements with here, Secretary Mosbacher, and then our our allies and friends, when we work to first-ever Presidential delegation of business open markets and expand trade, we make leaders. I want to thank also in addition a priceless investment in our own children’s to them our ambassadors, their dedicated future. staffs, and so many others. And I really want The Tokyo meeting I concluded yesterday to offer my heartfelt thanks to countless with Prime Minister Miyazawa caps a suc- people at home and abroad who so kindly cessful series of talks with four of America’s offered prayers and good wishes when I had most important friends in the Asia-Pacific that very brief but dramatic bout with the region. With each of these countries, Aus- flu. tralia, Singapore, Korea, and Japan, we’re Our mission was uniquely American. forging ever-stronger bonds of democratic America is a world leader not just because values, of mutual security, and of economic of our military or economic might but be- growth through expanding trade. Each of cause we’ve always held the conviction that we’re part of something larger than our- four nations that I visited are robust democ- selves. We now live in an entirely different racies. With each we confirmed the neces- economic world than a generation ago and sity of providing nourishment for the blos- in a completely different political and secu- soming of democracy throughout the region. rity environment than just a year ago. For- At each stop on our journey I reaffirmed

66 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / Jan. 10

America’s interest and fundamental commit- commitment to the bilateral Structural Im- ment to Pacific security. We and our Pacific pediments Initiative talks, and we garnered partners are determined to maintain strong new support for a successful conclusion to defenses to protect our hard-won peace and the GATT round. stability during this new era and to provide A substantial portion of our trade deficit a security umbrella under which political with Japan is in the auto sector. That is pluralism and market economies can flour- not going to change overnight. But here, ish. too, we made significant progress, not only In each country on this mission we made in terms of selling American cars and auto- progress on a top priority of this trip, re- mobile parts in Japan but also in raising newing the strength of the American economy and generating world economic the percentage of American parts in Japa- growth. Now, while I’m disappointed that nese-brand cars built in the United States the unemployment numbers went up in De- by U.S. workers. Japanese automakers cember here, our work over the last few agreed over the next 3 years to increase days will help open markets for American their purchase of American-made parts companies and provide more jobs for our from $9 billion to $19 billion. workers. Make no mistake about it, our Our summit meeting this week acceler- progress this week will translate into ated the opening of more Japanese markets progress on jobs and economic growth in to our exports. In addition to the Japanese America. The results will be clear and meas- car manufacturers, 23 companies in the Jap- urable. anese electronics, automobile, and machin- Everywhere we’ve been I’ve sought ur- ery industries announced plans to increase gent action on the successful conclusion to American imports into Japan by a total of the Uruguay round of the GATT talks. The $10 billion over the next 3 years. Some of best achievement we can offer our farmers, this will be to the automakers, and taken our manufacturers, and indeed our service together represents a welcome increase in industries is a GATT breakthrough in un- exports made in the U.S.A. precedented new accords for open trade. This week we breached the wall that kept With Australia, we reaffirmed our alliance and announced plans to conclude a new American exports of computer products and trade and investment framework agreement. services out of the $3 billion Japanese Gov- With Singapore, we announced an agree- ernment market. Our agreement will ex- ment to conclude a new bilateral investment pand Japanese public sector procurements treaty as well. Everywhere I found support of our quality computer goods and services. for strengthening APEC, that’s the new Asia Our leading-edge computer industry em- Pacific Economic Cooperation group, as it ploys millions of technologically savvy promotes trade and economic cooperation Americans, and we can expect dramatic around the Pacific Rim. And I’ve carried gains in this market. our enthusiasm for our North America free We made breakthroughs for access to Ja- trade agreement across the Pacific and pan’s huge markets for our glass and paper shown how it, too, can add to everyone’s products, virtually untapped markets that prosperity by reducing the barriers to trade. are billions of dollars in size. We reaffirmed Our summit meeting in Tokyo was a turn- goals for our higher market shares for semi- ing point in our relationship with Japan. conductors and then resolved standards And it highlighted the progress we’ve made problems—these are the invisible barriers these last few years with that nation. Japan to free trade—in 49 different sectors of is our largest market for agricultural exports, American industry, from processed foods our largest, now some $8 billion a year. and cosmetics to industrial equipment and Since 1987, the U.S. merchandise exports machinery. to Japan have increased more than 70 percent, and they now account for 64 percent Anybody who thinks that Americans can’t of our total exports to Japan, up nearly 10 compete with the Japanese hasn’t talked percent since 1985. We reinvigorated our with these business executives who joined

67 Jan. 10 / Administration of George Bush, 1992 me in Japan, some of whom made the trip mean that the Federal Reserve System’s in- all the way. And they haven’t seen the re- terest rate cuts aren’t working? cent studies that show overall U.S. produc- The President. No, I think it takes a while tivity is the highest in the world, far exceed- to work. But certainly the Federal Reserve ing Japan’s. We must work hard to keep cuts will work their way through, and they that productivity growing. I know and these are very, very important to economic business leaders know that as long as the growth. But I think it is a little too soon playing field is level, American workers can to expect them to have taken hold and outcompete and outproduce anybody, any- turned around the December unemploy- place, anytime. ment figures. Yes, we faced a turning point with Japan, and when the time came, we took a major Japan-U.S. Trade step forward. But it was only a step, one Q. Sir, what else can you do to put the in a long process to achieve markets as open pressure on Japan to open up its markets? as our own. We will build on these results. The President. Well, in the first place, We will monitor the progress, and I will we’re going to monitor the agreements keep pressing for jobs and market access we’ve made, and then we’ll see. I will resist when Prime Minister Miyazawa comes to protectionist legislation, however; I don’t the United States, hopefully in a few view that as pressure. months. Q. Mr. President, why are you optimistic That ongoing effort includes the strategy about the auto agreement, and the auto for world growth which the Prime Minister makers so pessimistic? and I developed and which we are coordi- The President. Well, I think that we might nating with the other industrialized nations. have achieved more. I am proud of what America and Japan are the two largest we did achieve. And I think there is nobody economies in the world. Together we com- suggesting anyone here is totally satisfied. prise 40 percent of the total world economy. What I am saying is, we made dramatic And global growth is a top priority for both progress, and it will result in jobs for the of us. Already our two countries have made American workers. deep progrowth cuts in interest rates. Japan Q. Cuomo says it’s inadequate. cut their discount rate to 4.5 percent, and The President. Well, he is entitled to his as you know, our Federal Reserve has just opinion. And I can’t say that we’ve gotten lowered interest rates a full percentage everything we want, so maybe we’re not point, both of which are keys to stimulating very far apart. Who knows? long-term growth here and abroad. Q. What are the short-term—— But clearly, with December’s unemploy- Q. Why isn’t the managed trade—— ment figures, our economy is not growing The President. Will you make up your fast enough. In my State of the Union Mes- mind? I’ll go with either one of you. You’re sage later this month, I’ll present to the both wonderful people. Jim [Jim American people my action plan to get it Miklaszewski, NBC News], go ahead. Men growing faster. And I am looking forward first, maybe. Whoops, Michel [Michel to spelling out our ambitious agenda for McQueen, Wall Street Journal], sorry about economic growth clearly and repeatedly to that. [Laughter] the American people in this vigorous and exciting political year. I am absolutely con- Results of President’s Trip fident that the American people will join me in this vision for a new era of expanded Q. In the short term, was this trip a politi- markets, of peace, and prosperity. cal bust for you personally? So, thank you all very much, and thank The President. I don’t think collapsing you for being with us on that trip. I appre- with the flu helped, but I think I can handle ciate it enormously. that one, Jim. I feel fine, my health is good, and I don’t think it’s a bust at all. And I’ll Unemployment be glad to debate any of the—eventually; Q. Does the unemployment increase maybe I’d better phrase this proper-

68 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / Jan. 10 ly—be glad to take on those ideas that I there. hear that the way to handle this economy is through protection, shrinking world mar- Multilateral Trade Negotiations kets. That is the wrong answer. And I think Q. Mr. President, your own briefers and we made progress. And so, I think it was senior administration officials in Tokyo a successful trip. asked three times whether Japan was on Yes, Michel, sorry. board on the GATT negotiations. You re- Free and Fair Trade fused to say that they were. Are they? The President. Well, what do you mean Q. Let me ask you, why isn’t this man- by ‘‘on board’’ on them? aged trade, something you say you’re very Q. My question is, does Japan support much against, when you’re pressuring an- your position regarding the Dunkel letter? other government to force its companies to The President. Well, I think they agree buy that which they would not otherwise to use the Dunkel draft as a significant doc- buy? ument from which to work. And they also The President. Well, I don’t think we’re agree we need to get that round solved. forcing them to buy something that is non- I think they’ve probably got problems with competitive, and I don’t think we’re forcing the Dunkel draft, and so do we. What we’re anybody to buy something that is inad- trying to do is use that as the basis now equate. What we’re trying to do is get free for hammering out differences. I think and fair access to markets, and indeed, as that’s about the way we left it with them. I mentioned, we broke down a lot of bar- Two more, and then I’ve got to go. This riers. We changed the standards procedures nice gentleman over here. over there to some degree. We still have a lot of work to do. So, I don’t view that China-U.S. Relations as managed trade where you set a number. I remember back when I was in China, the Q. Did anything you heard from Mr. people would come over, and they’d say, Miyazawa on his talks with Li Peng encour- ‘‘All right, we’re going to buy x, and you’re age you to respond in any way, or could going to buy y.’’ That’s managed trade. you tell us what you heard? That’s not what we’ve done here at all. The President. Talks with Li Peng on What we’ve done is expand markets and get what? more access for American workers to have Q. Mr. Miyazawa talked to you about his their products go into the Japanese market trip to China and his talks there. Did he and others. tell you anything that caused you to respond or give you any message? New Hampshire Primary The President. I believe it was Watanabe, Q. Mr. President, with regard to New wasn’t it, the Foreign Minister? No, he had Hampshire, do you think you’re in trouble a good trip to China. He talked a little to there? them about the problems that we’re having The President. No, I think I’m going to with China. He gave me some suggestions win in New Hampshire. And I think New in terms of the problem of the people that Hampshire has some serious economic are held because of Tiananmen Square. But problems, and I can identify with the hurt beyond that, I can’t say much. There wasn’t of those people. I can’t tell you how many too much specific as it relates to the U.S.- times I’ve been in New Hampshire in the China relations. last, well, since I was Vice President and Q. Nothing to cause you to respond? including being President. So, I have some The President. Nothing at this juncture feel for the hardship they’re going through. that cause us to respond. We will keep And I think I can identify with it, and I pressing for fair treatment of people there, think I can rally support for what I will and I will try to keep that important rela- be proposing. I know that they, if they have tionship on track also. It is a big one and it in focus, would be supporting what I have very important. been proposing. So, I think we’ll do fine One more, and then I’ve got to run.

69 Jan. 10 / Administration of George Bush, 1992

The Economy get going now with a growth agenda that Q. Mr. President, don’t the unemploy- will do short-term that which it can do; a ment figures show you that the economy lot of the suggestions are more long-term. And I think they show that, I hope they is in fact getting worse? show that wherever we can make progress The President. No, I don’t think that. But on expanding markets abroad, we ought to they are certainly unsatisfactory. And what do it. And that’s one reason I’m satisfied they show is, we need growth. And we need that we have made real progress on this to stimulate growth in a sound, fiscally trip. I think it will help in that situation. sound way and not through some way that Thank you all very much. will set the economy back by shooting interest rates, long-term rates, up through the Note: The President spoke at 9:15 a.m. upon roof. And by that I mean things that are arrival at Andrews Air Force Base in Camp going to recklessly break this budget agree- Springs, MD, from his trip to Asian/Pacific ment. They show that the economy has nations. In his remarks, he referred to Gov. been sluggish. They show that people are Mario Cuomo of New York and Premier Li hurting. And they show that we need to Peng of China.

Remarks to the President’s Drug Advisory Council January 10, 1992

Thank you all very much for that wel- these earlier when David Kearns, represent- come, and thank you, Bill Moss, especially, ing Lamar Alexander—David, our outstand- and thank you for the job you did as Chair- ing executive there at the Department of man in launching the Drug Advisory Coun- Education. And in addition, we are very for- cil. tunate in a Government sense to have the I’m delighted to be home. And you’ve got leadership of Attorney General Bill Barr, to admit, when I get the flu, I do it in who is working closely with Bob Martinez, a very dramatic—[laughter]—way. But it with Lou Sullivan, our very able Secretary was so embarrassing. [Laughter] But I do of HHS, intimately involved in all of this. feel well, a little bit jet-lagged. We just flew And we are trying as a Government to meet 12 straight hours from Tokyo. In fact, we this scourge head-on. got here before we took off, if you look But I believe that the answer lies right at the international dateline. So, you will here. I know it lies with the leadership from excuse me if I’m a little bit tired. But my Jim Burke who is sitting here at my left. health is good, and I am so grateful to so As many of you are aware, Jim’s done an many across our wonderful country and outstanding job unleashing the power of the then also in Japan who, I think, thinking media through this Partnership for a Drug- I was a little more seriously sick than I was, Free America. There is no way that Govern- expressed their concerns. And I just want ment itself could do what this individual has to say thanks to everybody who did that. done in getting the message, antidrug mes- I am delighted to be here. I did not want sage, out across this country. We are very, to go off to Camp David without stopping very grateful to him. by this very, very important meeting. And I also am sitting next to another tireless I’m glad to be here with so many hard worker, very successful man, Alvah Chap- workers. I want to single out, of course, man, who just took this on to organize this Bob Martinez, the former Governor of Flor- meeting, organize this crusade all across the ida, who is in charge of the fiercely commit- country, providing all of us with the vision ted fighters in our battle to lead America and leadership this whole coalition move- away from drugs. You heard from one of ment represents. So, my thanks to him.

70 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / Jan. 10

I was told by Jim, coming in here, of the we are seeing results. I’m not sure the en- many successful efforts going in the com- tire country understands this yet, Jim and munities represented here and then some Alvah, but I believe we are seeing results. that aren’t even represented. And so, I want For 1990, we exceeded our goal for reduc- to thank all who have come from all across ing overall drug use. We’d hoped for a de- this land to explore this idea of community crease of 10 percent between ’88 and ’90, coalitions gathering momentum. And if you and it fell by more than that. I believe the needed any inspiration—I didn’t get to hear figure was 11 percent. Occasional cocaine her; maybe she hadn’t sung yet. But I’ve use went down 29 percent when we’d set heard her many times. She’s been our guest a goal—I think again, trying to just think up at Camp David. If you need a little mo- positively, I think the goal we had set in mentum-gathering, try Sandy Patti on for our minds was 10 percent. size because she is magnificent. For 1991, figures show we’ve even more Well, let me just say, it is a pleasure to be back, and it was a great trip. Ten fas- dramatically exceeded many of our goals, cinating days in the Far East talking and particularly in areas like adolescent cocaine listening and learning, working hard for the use. You know and I know there’s a prob- objectives that we all share of trying to get lem. It’s a horrible thing to think about, this country moving through expanding our adolescent cocaine use. But it’s out there, exports markets, assuring our friends also and it’s tough. And we are making headway. that we are going to stay actively involved We’d hoped to reduce that by 30 percent in the Pacific. You know, given all the since 1988, and it’s fallen more than 60 per- changes in Eastern Europe and the hope cent. So, what you’re doing is working. that is about now because of people that What you’re doing is having an effect and had hated each other over the years, been saving the lives of children. ancient enemies, now talking in the Middle But let’s face it, much remains to be East, some in the Pacific area thought that done. More than 12.5 million, 12.5 million we’ve just forgone our interests in that part Americans currently still use drugs; 1.9 mil- of the world. So, I wanted to convince those lion of them currently use cocaine. And ad- leaders there that we will fulfill our security olescent drug use has fallen, but still more responsibilities to that critical area, and we than 1.3 million of our kids currently abuse will stay actively involved with that area, our drugs. largest trading partner incidentally. We’re also committed to toughening the But I came here today because I really drug laws. We devote more effort to fight- believe that what you do is vitally important ing drugs than to any other single area of to the well-being of our country. And I crime. But we cannot do it alone. We need wanted to just say this to you: Your Nation Federal drug laws that are on the side of recognizes the critically important work of the people. We need a bipartisan effort to your community antidrug coalitions, and your Nation is very, very grateful to each help law enforcement protect our present and every one of you. and ensure our children’s future. As I said We are working hard, all of us, all of you, 2 years ago when we announced the drug to blast the curse of drugs off the face of strategy, with this drug problem we face the our map. Our antidrug effort is one of the toughest challenge in decades. We face the highest priorities of any domestic initiative challenge not as partisans but as a Nation. in the Federal Budget. In 1992, our budget As we’ve said time and time again, we proposal called for $11.7 billion for the drug cannot win the drug war through law en- war, an increase of 82 percent since the forcement alone. I’m convinced we can do beginning of our administration and an 11- better on law enforcement, and I salute percent increase since the previous year, those who are out there enforcing our laws. one of the largest in the entire overall budg- But we can’t win it through law enforce- et. ment alone. We’ve got to have effective In our war, you know the answer, and treatment programs, and we need national I understand and think I know the answer, action.

71 Jan. 10 / Administration of George Bush, 1992

More than 2 years ago we established this aspect of the drug program, divided it into President’s Drug Advisory Council. America eight task forces. They’ve convinced over was lucky, very, very fortunate to gain the one-third of all Miami businesses to adopt wisdom and vision of these distinguished drug-free workplace policies and employee American leaders who share our goal of rid- assistance programs, and they have closed ding this Nation of the devastation caused down 1500 crack houses. Now, that is suc- by illegal drugs. I want to give very special cess, and that is due to the voluntary effort thanks today to our Council members who all the way. work tirelessly to mobilize the enormous The point is simple: No community, none power the private sector can wield in the at all, has to accept drug abuse. Americans war against drugs. Look at this head table, don’t have to live in fear. Drugs and so look around, look at the names of the peo- many other social problems can be driven ple, the men and women who are serving, from every community, if every community and you’ll see we’ve got very busy, success- cares enough to reach out and try. ful people giving of themselves to help oth- Americans deserve a lot of credit for their ers. individual and collective efforts. But we still In addition, every one of you here today have much to do. There are casualties in are frontline soldiers in our war. You lead this war. We live in an age when tens of this country’s local efforts to reduce drug thousands of drug-affected babies are born use in the workplace, schools, and neighbor- each year. Therein is the real tragedy. Hold hoods. We’ve got a good program. I was in your arms one of those babies, and you briefed by Al Casey and others not so long just can’t help but have a broken heart. We ago, and Jim was up there, in Camp David live in an age when one out of every 4,000 on this drug-free workplace concept. And American teens dies by his own hand or we’re making headway. Still a ways to go, at someone else’s, and too often drugs play but a very fundamental and important part a part, a fundamental part, in these trage- of our work. dies. We live in an age when the scourge You organize your communities into coali- of drugs has cheapened life and threatens tions. The key to healing this Nation is to erode the moral fabric of this great Na- found at the grassroots level, being what tion of ours. I call a Point of Light, holding your hand Well, you’ve set an example, summed up out to a neighbor. And this audience today by the antidrug banners created by citizens certainly exemplifies in the finest sense the in Albuquerque that read, ‘‘It’s easier to willingness of one American to reach out build a child than repair an adult.’’ With and help another. that kind of tough-minded dedication, we As Americans hear your stories, they real- will win. We will make a difference. Each ize that there is an alternative to drugs, and and every one of you is making a difference, its name is hope. They hear stories of peo- and may God bless you all for that. ple like Brad Gates, the sheriff in Orange Thank you very, very much. And thanks County. So concerned was he about drug for that warm welcome. deaths that he created the ‘‘Drug Use is Life Abuse’’ program. With the business community, he launched a massive drug education effort targeted at area youth. And the program works because it changes people’s attitudes, gets to the fundamental attitude change towards drugs. Note: The President spoke at 11:41 a.m. at And so does Tad Foote’s. When he saw the J.W. Marriott Hotel. In his remarks, he how drugs were destroying his community, referred to Jim Burke, chairman of the Part- he gathered top business leaders like Alvah nership for a Drug-Free America; Alvah Chapman and others, the busiest, the most Chapman, Chairman of the National Coali- successful, and they formed the Miami Coa- tion Committee of the President’s Drug Ad- lition, a broad-based community organiza- visory Council; and Albert V. Casey, Coun- tion. And it was dedicated to tackling every cil member.

72 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / Jan. 10

Letter to Congressional Leaders on the Determination Not To Prohibit Fish Imports From Venezuela and Vanuatu January 10, 1992

Dear Mr. Speaker: (Dear Mr. President:) to the Congress within 60 days following Pursuant to the provisions of subsection certification on the actions taken pursuant (b) of the Pelly Amendment to the Fisher- to the certification; if all fish imports have men’s Protective Act of 1967, as amended not been prohibited, the report must state (22 U.S.C. 1978), I am reporting to you the reasons for doing so. that the Secretary of Commerce reported After thorough review, I have determined to me that the countries of Venezuela and that, given that an embargo is currently in Vanuatu have been under a court-ordered effect and given the negotiations toward an embargo since March 26, 1991. No yellow- international dolphin conservation program fin tuna or products derived from yellowfin in the ETP, sanctions will not be imposed tuna harvested in the eastern tropical Pacific at this time. Venezuela and Vanuatu will Ocean (ETP) by purse seine vessels of Ven- continue to be certified, and we will review ezuela and Vanuatu may be imported into their marine mammal incidental mortality the United States. under the Marine Mammal Protection Act The Secretary’s letter to me is deemed if findings are requested for 1992. I will to be a certification for the purposes of sub- make further reports to you as develop- section (a) of the Pelly Amendment. Sub- ments warrant. section (a) requires that I consider and, at Sincerely, my discretion, order the prohibition of im- GEORGE BUSH ports into the United States of fish and fish products from Venezuela and Vanuatu to Note: Identical letters were sent to Thomas the extent that such prohibition is consistent S. Foley, Speaker of the House of Represent- with the General Agreement on Tariffs and atives, and Dan Quayle, President of the Trade. Subsection (b) requires me to report Senate.

Letter to Congressional Leaders on the Determination Not To Prohibit Fish Imports From Certain Countries January 10, 1992

Dear Mr. Speaker: (Dear Mr. President:) The Secretary’s letter to me is deemed Pursuant to the provisions of subsection to be a certification for the purposes of sub- (b) of the Pelly Amendment to the Fisher- section (a) of the Pelly Amendment. Sub- men’s Protective Act of 1967, as amended section (a) requires that I consider and, at (22 U.S.C. 1978), I am reporting to you my discretion, order the prohibition of im- that the Secretary of Commerce has reports into the United States of fish and fish ported to me that the countries of Costa products from Costa Rica, France, Italy, Rica, France, Italy, Japan, and Panama have Japan, and Panama, to the extent that such been under an embargo since May 24, 1991. prohibition is consistent with the General No yellowfin tuna or products derived from Agreement on Tariffs and Trade. Subsection yellowfin tuna harvested in the eastern trop- (b) requires me to report to the Congress ical Pacific Ocean (ETP) by purse seine ves- within 60 days following certification on the sels of Mexico, Venezuela, or Vanuatu may actions taken pursuant to the certification; be imported into the United States from if fish and wildlife imports have not been these nations. prohibited, the report must state the rea-

73 Jan. 10 / Administration of George Bush, 1992 sons for the lack of a prohibition. Act, if requested for 1992. I will make fur- After thorough review, I have determined ther reports to you as developments war- that, given that an embargo is currently in rant. effect and given the negotiations towards an Sincerely, international dolphin conservation program in the ETP, sanctions will not be imposed GEORGE BUSH against intermediary nations at this time. Costa Rica, France, Italy, Japan, and Pan- Note: Identical letters were sent to Thomas ama will continue to be certified, and we S. Foley, Speaker of the House of Represent- will review their status as intermediary na- atives, and Dan Quayle, President of the tions under the Marine Mammal Protection Senate.

Letter to Congressional Leaders Reporting on the National Emergency With Respect to Libya January 10, 1992

Dear Mr. Speaker: (Dear Mr. President:) pendix B was published on December 20, I hereby report to the Congress on the 1991, 56 Fed. Reg. 65993. A further amend- developments since my last report of July ment of the Regulations, effective Decem- 9, 1991, concerning the national emergency ber 19, 1991, 56 Fed. Reg. 66334 (Dec. 20, with respect to Libya that was declared in 1991), with a correction published on Janu- Executive Order No. 12543 of January 7, ary 7, 1992, 57 Fed. Reg. 525, revoked the 1986. This report is submitted pursuant to authorization set forth in Section 550.514 section 401(c) of the National Emergencies that permitted transfers between two non- Act, 50 U.S.C. 1641(c); section 204(c) of Libyan foreign banks located outside the the International Emergency Economic United States to clear through accounts lo- Powers Act (‘‘IEEPA’’), 50 U.S.C. 1703(c); cated in the United States when the money and section 505(c) of the International Se- is being sent to or from the Government curity and Development Cooperation Act of of Libya. This action was taken as a partial 1985, 22 U.S.C. 2349aa–9(c). response to evidence of the Government of 1. Since my last report on July 9, 1991, Libya’s role in the bombing of Pan Am the Libyan Sanctions Regulations (the ‘‘Reg- Flight 103. Copies of these amendments ulations’’), 31 C.F.R. Part 550, administered and correction are enclosed. by the Office of Foreign Assets Control 2. During the current 6-month period, (‘‘FAC’’) of the Department of the Treas- FAC made numerous decisions with respect ury, have been amended. One amendment, to applications for licenses to engage in published on August 5, 1991, 56 Fed. Reg. transactions under the Regulations, issuing 37156, added the names of 12 companies three new licenses and amending three pre- to Appendix A of the Regulations, which viously issued licenses. The new licenses contains a list of organizations determined typically permit, for the benefit of U.S. per- to be within the definition of the term sons, minor transactions of little or no eco- ‘‘Government of Libya’’ (Specially Des- nomic benefit to Libya. The license amend- ignated Nationals of Libya). This amendments permit several U.S. firms with sub- ment also added a new Appendix B, ‘‘Indi- stantial pre-embargo investments in their viduals Determined to be Specially Des- Libyan oil concessions to renew standstill ignated Nationals of Libya,’’ containing the agreements preserving their interests de- names of persons determined to be acting, spite nonperformance of concession agree- or purporting to act, directly or indirectly ments due to the U.S. sanctions. on behalf of the Government of Libya. An 3. Various enforcement actions mentioned amendment removing one name from Ap- in previous reports continue to be

74 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / Jan. 13 pursued, and several new investigations of are identified. possibly significant violations of the Libyan 4. The expenses incurred by the Federal sanctions were initiated. During the current Government in the 6-month period from reporting period, substantial monetary pen- June 15, 1991, through December 14, 1991, alties were assessed against U.S. firms for that are directly attributable to the exercise engaging in prohibited transactions with of powers and authorities conferred by the Libya. In one such case, a penalty of declaration of the Libyan national emer- $137,500 was collected from a major U.S. gency are estimated at $487,815. Personnel manufacturer, after an investigation devel- costs were largely centered in the Depart- oped evidence that it had exported services ment of the Treasury (particularly in the to Libya and engaged in contracts in sup- Office of Foreign Assets Control, the Office port of projects in Libya. of the General Counsel, and the U.S. Cus- Due to aggressive enforcement efforts toms Service), the Department of State, and and increased public awareness, FAC has the Department of Commerce. received numerous voluntary disclosures 5. The policies and actions of the Govern- from U.S. firms concerning their sanctions ment of Libya continue to pose an unusual violations. Many of these reports were trig- and extraordinary threat to the national se- gered by the recent amendment to the Reg- curity and foreign policy of the United ulations listing additional organizations and States. I shall continue to exercise the pow- individuals determined to be Specially Des- ers at my disposal to apply economic sanc- ignated Nationals (‘‘SDNs’’) of Libya. For tions against Libya fully and effectively, as purposes of the Regulations, all dealings long as those measures are appropriate, and with the organizations and individuals listed will continue to report periodically to the will be considered dealings with the Gov- Congress on significant developments as re- ernment of Libya. All unlicensed trans- quired by law. Sincerely, actions with these persons, or in property in which they have an interest, are prohib- GEORGE BUSH ited. The initial listing of Libyan SDNs is not a static list and will be augmented from Note: Identical letters were sent to Thomas time to time as additional organizations or S. Foley, Speaker of the House of Represent- individuals owned or controlled by, or act- atives, and Dan Quayle, President of the ing on behalf of, the Government of Libya Senate.

Remarks to the American Farm Bureau Federation in Kansas City, Missouri January 13, 1992

Thank you, Dean Kleckner. It’s a great Coleman. All three of these Senators plus pleasure to be up here with so many sup- this Governor are well-steeped in agri- porters of agriculture. First, let me single culture. They know the problems. They out Secretary Madigan, who is doing a su- have been friends to agriculture. And farm- perb job as our Secretary of Agriculture. ers have voiced their support of all three A former Illinois Congressman, he knows of them plus the Governor over and over the farm business inside out, and believe again. me, agriculture has a good friend in these I just had a chance just a few minutes GATT negotiations with Ed Madigan. I also ago to meet with the board, your board. salute my friend, the Governor of your host It’s good to see John White again. I spent State, Governor Ashcroft is with us; plus the day with him in Chicago last month two great Senators, Jack Danforth and Kit when I spoke to the Illinois Farm Bureau. Bond; and then also Congressman Tom

75 Jan. 13 / Administration of George Bush, 1992

I won’t lead you in the singing, but if markets all over the world. you see Ed Madigan later on personally, you Open markets are the key to our eco- might want to wish him a happy birthday. nomic future, both for American agriculture That great voice of rural America, Will and business. That fight is going to take Rogers, once observed, ‘‘A man in the coun- time, and lots of people will want imme- try does his own thinking, but you get him diate results. This new world of opportunity into town and he will soon be thinking sec- isn’t going to happen overnight. But I can ond-handed.’’ Today I want to give you my tell you this: Empty-headed rhetoric won’t firsthand report on my trip to Australia, get us there. Hard work, savvy, experienced Singapore, Korea, and Japan and to talk ag- negotiation, and confidence in ourselves will riculture. get us there, proud and strong. We won All of you know my real reason for going the cold war, and we will win the competi- to Asia: prosperity, ours and theirs. That re- tive wars. We will do it on the merits, and quires security; it requires stability, democ- we’re going to do it the American way, racy, and certainly trade. Twenty-five per- through grit, through determination, and cent of our farm product is exported, 25 through quality. percent. Free trade can give the American My trip to Asia was an important and suc- farmer new opportunities to save, invest, cessful step toward building that new world, create, and dream. not with just Japan but with the whole The cold war has ended. What a miracu- world. We reached dozens of new agree- lous year it’s been. We stand on the verge ments on market openings, from computers of a new age of competition. Our ideals tri- to paper to glass to automotive products. umphed in the cold war, and the new wave In Japan alone our negotiators reached 49 of democracy represents nothing less than standards agreements in nonautomotive in- the political restructuring of the entire dustries and hammered out marketing world. That was a tough fight, a long fight, opening agreements in a variety of industrial but it was worth it. Just one year ago today, one year ago, sectors. And that was just a start. Japanese think back, we closed the American Em- Prime Minister Miyazawa has agreed to visit bassy in Iraq, and American troops stood Washington later this year as a followup to prepared to answer the call to duty, the call the trip, and both sides have pledged to to liberate Kuwait from Iraqi oppression. advance the cause of open, free, and fair That victory that ensued not only lifted the trade. spirits of our Nation but clearly established Some political critics say that I shouldn’t the United States of America as the undis- have taken the trip at all. They’re wrong. puted world leader, standing for what is I will continue to fight for American jobs right and decent, for democracy, for free- everywhere. In these tough times, a Presi- dom against bullying and aggression. Go dent should do no less. anywhere in the world, and you will see Some of these critics say that I wanted the respect in which we are held. Do not to promote managed trade. Wrong. I op- listen to those prophets of doom we hear pose managed trade. What I want to get every night, those frantic politicians who say is more fair access to the other guys’ mar- we are a second-class power. We are the kets, and that’s exactly what we got. Not undisputed, respected leader of the world. everything we wanted, but we made We are the United States of America. progress. We cannot ask foreign markets to One wonderful dimension of this dramatic buy inferior goods, but we can insist that world change is that our children no longer our quality goods must have fair access to have the same worries about nuclear war overseas markets. that their parents had just a few years ago. Our Asian allies understand that we don’t It was the leadership of the United States want handouts or a home-field trade advan- of America that brought this about. Now, tage. We just want a level playing field. Give make no mistake about it, now we must us a fair shot, and American workers will stay involved overseas to lead in economic outthink, outwork, and outproduce anyone restructuring for free and fair trade, open in the world. American farmers—

76 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / Jan. 13 and I saw this and heard it loud and clear grain farmers, the rice farmers, those who on this trip—already do that. grow the best produce in the world, a fair Our farmers and ranchers thrive in the shot at selling their goods everywhere. international marketplace despite the bar- To achieve this, of course, will require riers that other governments throw in their diligence and patience. I recall an old Quak- way. As I said earlier, a full 25 percent of er farmer who would never take the name our agricultural production gets sold abroad. of the Lord in vain. Perhaps you have heard You don’t complain; you get the job done. of him. But one day his mule, who was Look, we all know that protectionism hitched to a hay wagon, wouldn’t budge an boils down to defeatism. If you don’t trust inch. The farmer tried every bit of coaxing. your product, you try to keep others from No success. Finally, he reached the end of sampling the competition. But if you trust the rope. ‘‘Mule,’’ he said, ‘‘I cannot beat your handiwork, you see foreign markets as a great opportunity. thee or curse thee or abuse thee in any And here’s another point that I’ve made way. But mule, what thou doesn’t know is over the years: A capital gains tax cut would that I can sell thee to an Episcopalian.’’ reduce the cost of capital and increase in- [Laughter] vestment in business. Traveling in Asia, I In that context, and as an Episcopalian, was once again reminded of how we put let me say a few words about export sub- ourselves at a competitive disadvantage with sidies. Ultimately, they stifle growth, burden this high capital gains tax rate. Now more the taxpayer, cost consumers, and make in- than ever, a capital gains tax cut will help dustry less competitive. I also know that I our economy back on track. It will put more must and will safeguard the interests of real value on America’s farms and homes. American farming. I will not let American It is good for everyone in our economy and agriculture disarm unilaterally. especially for you, the American farmer. Today, the trade practices of the Euro- And I need your help to make the Congress pean Community hurt American farmers. understand this once and for all. Our agricultural Export Enhancement Pro- Consider the payoff. Every $1 billion of gram, the EEP, is specifically designed to American agricultural exports means 25,000 counter the EC’s massive export subsidies. American jobs. Farm exports should exceed Without this effort, which is less than one- $40 billion in 1992. In this time of trade tenth the size, I might say, of the EC sub- deficits, that’s a farm trade surplus of $17 sidy, American farmers would lose even billion, and 1 million good American jobs. greater market shares to the EC. Now we hear it again, we hear some poli- Yes, we want to end export subsidies; we ticians want to set quotas, want to legislate must do that. But we will not do it until balance of trade. Do you know who would other nations do the same thing. I am not get hurt the most by this? The American going to put our farmers at an unfair dis- farmer. advantage. Sooner or later, the EC must Don Shawcroft knows what I’m talking about. Japan imports $1.7 billion in beef, stop hiding behind its own iron curtain of and 53 percent of that beef comes from protectionism. Meanwhile, we will remain America. This helps cattle ranchers like leaner, tougher, and more competitive. Don, who runs a 600-head beef herd with The world’s future progress and prosper- his dad in Alamosa, Colorado. ity really depend upon free trade. I am Five hundred miles away lives Arlene working to conclude the Uruguay round of Wessel, who produces farrow-to-finish hogs, the GATT negotiations successfully. I espe- dryland wheat, corn, on her family’s farm cially appreciate, and I’ve told Dean near Huron, South Dakota. Arlene also Kleckner this, the Farm Bureau’s steadfast knows how to keep America’s standard of support for free and fair trade. GATT will living number one in the world: not by help the world move toward broader eco- building a fence around America but by nomic integration, not trading blocs. convincing other countries to tear their Our administration will settle for nothing fences down. I want to give all farmers, the less than a GATT agreement that expands

77 Jan. 13 / Administration of George Bush, 1992 markets and increases opportunities for our during this hearing period. Our new guide- exporters. We want free trade, and we want lines will distinguish between genuine wet- fair trade. And we want abundant trade. lands, which deserve to be protected, and And GATT, believe me, really holds the other kinds of land, including your farm- key. I know the EC’s behavior threatens lands. progress, but I am optimistic there will be Also, last month I signed a bill making an agreement. And I will not be a part of nearly $1 billion in disaster relief available an agreement unless it’s a good agreement to producers for 1990 and ’91 crop losses. for America. Put these initiatives together, and you get While my administration supports Amer- a farm policy that lets farmers do what they ican business abroad, we’re also doing our do best: farm and compete all over the best to help at home. In that spirit, I recall world. Our policies reflect the values that something written about people who grow we all cherish: self-reliance, generosity, fam- up close to the soil: ‘‘There’s something ily, community. They draw upon your about getting up at 5 o’clock, 5 a.m., feeding strengths, your intelligence, diligence, de- the stock and chickens and milking a couple termination, and faith. of cows before breakfast that gives you a Today we meet in a city that testifies to respect for the price of butter and eggs.’’ all these virtues. Kansas City has braved That writer knew that when it comes to three major floods this century and risen farming, Washington does not know best. to new greatness each time. Ninety-two American farmers do. years ago, the Convention Hall burned to In 1990, I worked hard with the legisla- the ground. Proud men and women rebuilt tive leaders, two of whom are here today, it in 90 days. ‘‘In Kansas City,’’ someone in the Senate and one of whom is in the explained, ‘‘we don’t know what ‘impossible’ House, here today with us, to get congres- means.’’ My friends, I am still convinced sional approval of a farm bill that is even- that in America we don’t know what ‘‘im- handed and level-headed. That bill helped possible’’ means. reduce interest rates, slash inflation, and in- The American dream isn’t an impossible crease flexibility for farmers to decide what dream. Don’t listen to all those gloom-say- to grow. ers around this country saying that we are I’ve promoted firsthand thinking in farm a nation in decline. We are, once again, the policy from day one. We set out to reduce respected leader of the entire world. And farm debt and increase farmers’ independ- working together, we are going to make the ence, and there have been good results. lot of every single American better. Farmers’ equity has grown $45 billion in Thank you very much. Thank you very, 3 years. Meanwhile, agricultural sales, gross very much. And I am proud to lead an cash receipts, have risen $17 billion since America that leads the world towards new I took office, to $168 billion. Again, real freedom and prosperity. Thank you. And results. may God bless you all. Thank you. We are committed to common sense in a wetlands policy. My direction to Vice Note: The President spoke at 10:46 a.m. at President Quayle’s Council on Competitive- the Municipal Auditorium. In his remarks, ness was to protect environmentally sen- he referred to Dean Kleckner, national sitive wetlands and protect the property president of the American Farm Bureau rights of landowners. I’ve asked the board Federation, and John White, Jr., president here to send in specific recommendations of the Illinois Farm Bureau.

78 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / Jan. 14

Statement on the Death of Meade Alcorn January 13, 1992

Barbara and I are deeply saddened by the through its national organization. death of our longtime family friend and Meade was a personal friend of my father leader of the Republican Party, Meade and our entire family. He gave us support Alcorn. Meade was chairman of the Repub- and advice at many points in our lives. I lican Party in the late 1950’s and was an spoke with his wonderful wife, Marcia, this inspiration to all who were formulating po- afternoon to offer our sympathy and condo- litical careers during the time of his leader- lences. Barbara and I offer our prayers for ship. He was a practitioner and a believer Meade Alcorn. who gave the party ideals and strength

White House Statement on the President’s Meeting With President Mario Soares of Portugal January 13, 1992

The President met with Portuguese Presi- the importance of concluding the Uruguay dent Mario Soares for approximately a half round. The two Presidents discussed Asian hour in the Oval Office. President Soares developments and the former Soviet Union, is in town on a private visit during which as well as issues relevant to southern Africa. he attended an exhibition at the National The President and President Soares re- Gallery. The President expressed his strong affirmed our strong bilateral relationship desire to cooperate closely with Portugal as and committed each side to continued co- the EC President, an office which Portugal operation. took over in January. The President stressed

Remarks to the America 2000 Community Leadership Conference January 14, 1992

Lamar, thank you so much and all of you. leadership roles in the community. But he When I walked in here, Ed told me there’s himself has been to countless numbers of an electricity in that room, a real commit- States and gotten this program really rolling. ment. Well, you can feel it just coming And I think the country is grateful to him here. And I want to thank all of you for for that leadership. being here, coming from all across our great And he’s put together a first-class team country to participate in something that is over at the Department of Education, I fundamentally important to our future. might add. David Kearns, giving up a fan- I want to thank Lamar, who has taken tastically large corporate assignment, as Pete this leadership role, taken it across the Silas and all of you know, to take on this country, taken it out there in the best non- key role simply because he is committed, partisan spirit that one could possibly con- as is Lamar, to helping the children of this ceive, and making dramatic progress, I country. And so we’re fortunate to have this might add. He’s too modest. He set out program in good hands. some of the examples, building his examples I want to thank Ed Donley. I want to around those who are here and have taken

79 Jan. 14 / Administration of George Bush, 1992 thank Dick Lesher, the able head of this eral side that means Head Start, but it organization, day-to-day head of it; Bill means a lot more than that. Lurton and all in this organization here in Our children will achieve at least a 90- Washington who are providing the leader- percent high school graduation rate. It’s an ship, the catalytic leadership, to mobilize achievable goal. these communities. Our children will demonstrate com- And as you know, Pete Silas, a very busy petence in five core subjects measured man, is sacrificing and giving an awful lot against world-class standards. of time to the Chamber nationally, not just Our children will be first in the world on this issue but on a wide array of issues. in science and math. He and I just returned from what we both Our adults will be literate and able to agree was a productive trip to Asia with one compete, therefore, in the work force. terrible downside: Neither of us can sleep. And then the sixth, our schools will be [Laughter] disciplined, safe, and drug-free. I talked to him about it, and we’ve deter- Those are the six education goals. They mined that it’ll take a couple of more days, were set, as Lamar said, not in a partisan but I am very grateful to Pete for going way but in a convening of the Governors all that way into these various capitals to at Charlottesville was the first step and then take the American message across the working together with partisanship aside to world. It reminded us, that trip, that we’re come up with these education goals which entering an unparalleled new century of the have been universally endorsed. high-tech global, and I emphasize that word, marketplace. And I’m so pleased that you and the It’s going to be a tough, extraordinarily Chamber are committed to this crusade and competitive world. And the key to success that more than 600 individual chambers is going to be education. It’s simple: Nations have pledged to make their communities that take the responsibility to invest in the America 2000 communities. The tie be- minds of their citizens, all their citizens, are tween this organization and the America going to move ahead. And nations that 2000 program is a natural. America 2000 don’t, even great nations, are going to be arises out of the understanding that edu- left behind. cational excellence is everyone’s business. And America 2000 will help us succeed Everyone must take part in creating a cli- in a new age of competition. It’s going to mate in which the schools and the commu- liberate the best minds and brightest think- nities of the future can flourish. ers of this land and will teach us that learn- Our national goals, as I mentioned, were ing is a lifelong endeavor. And we’re in the born out of a bipartisan conference of all midst of a revolution, a revolution to free our Governors, Democrats and Republicans, us from the past and open every sort of working not for parties but for the Nation. thrilling new gate of opportunity in the fu- And let me say I’m sorry to have missed ture. the Governor of Georgia, who was up here But I think everyone here knows at the in just that spirit—Dick filling me in on community level that it is going to be a his contribution to this organizational gath- tough battle. Everyone knows that at ering. Now, with America 2000, every per- present our schools will not pass the test son of every party in this Nation can take of the 21st century. And who knows it best? part in what is a populist revolution. Who know that best? Parents. Parents know America 2000, believe me, it is spreading it. Business community leaders know it. And like a prairie fire. Since April, 30 States and our kids, I’m afraid our own kids know it. 1,000 communities have joined up, embrac- But we also know how to meet this chal- ing our challenge to adopt and achieve lenge, and that is by achieving these six na- these national goals, these national edu- tional education goals that Lamar referred cation goals. to. These are those goals: But not everyone’s ready for the future. By the end of this decade, our children As the train pulls out of the station, many will start school ready to learn. On the Fed- Members of Congress have not yet climbed

80 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / Jan. 14 on board. The House has taken some im- this battle for educational excellence will be portant steps towards the American achieve- won home by home, school by school, comment tests. Its bill, I think you’d agree, munity by community all across our Nation. shows some promise. But while Americans You can be a catalyst for change right in across this Nation are working to spark a your own hometown. revolution for the future, the Senate regret- When you return home from this land- tably remains riveted on the past. Its bill, mark conference, first make sure your S. 2, is sponsored by Senator Kennedy, and schools have adopted those six national it falls far short, tragically short, of any of goals. Make sure they raise standards for our goals. And when the American people educational performance and hold schools want transformation, we are being offered and teachers accountable. That is the key business-as-usual up there. word: accountability. We want a half-billion dollars to create And second, encourage your employees break-the-mold, new American schools. We to take an active role in their children’s edu- want school choice to provide middle- and cation, help them with their homework, low-income families the same control over read to them every day. Parents must pass their children’s education that wealthier on to their own kids the drive for edu- people have, school choice. We want to give cational excellence. communities and teachers flexibility in Third, reinforce the message to students spending $9 billion in Federal education that hard work today pays off for the future. money. And we want to give the Secretary Not only does this mean a good job for of Education more discretion in sweeping them, it means a good, strong future for away burdensome regulations. We want our country. these exciting and essential innovations for And when you get home, you, your neigh- the good of our country, and to all of this, bors, and your friends really must send regrettably, S. 2, the Kennedy bill, says no. Congress a message: Start building tomor- The train’s gathering steam, and that bill row’s schools today. Give parents the choice is literally standing in the way. And we have they want and children the education they to tell Congress of our priorities. We want deserve. And remind them that anyone who school choice for parents. We want to re- says they understand America must under- turn power to the local schools, not man- stand that we want the best schools for our date everything from Washington but return children. that power to the local schools. We want America 2000 restores the natural rela- American achievement tests. And they’ll be tionship between the family and the school. fair; they can be voluntary. But we want And as I look at the educational problems those American achievement tests. We want facing our country, that is a tremendously new, and by new I’m talking revolutionarily important relationship. It’s been weakened. new, American schools. We want America We’ve got to strengthen it. It closes the gap 2000 communities. And we want our kids between the living room and the classroom. to excel. It invites everyone to help break the mold, Americans do not want to live in the past. to build schools for the future, and to lay Things move too quickly, and we have to the foundations for a new American cen- prepare ourselves for the future. Our tury. schools must lead the way, not follow. We I can assure you, and Lamar has followed need schools for the 21st century, not muse- up beautifully on this, that every Depart- ums to the failed experiments of the past. ment in our Government, Defense in- And you have to get this message to the cluded, are on board in terms of this Amer- people in your communities. You are the ica 2000 program. I’m delighted that Pat leaders. You can do it. You are in the proc- Saiki, the head of the SBA, is here. She ess of doing just that. and her organization are enormously impor- America 2000 is a national partnership tant in furthering the objectives of America that requires the involvement of students, 2000. teachers, parents, principals, and certainly So, it’s not just the Congress I’m appeal- business and community leaders because ing to. It is the administration that is now

81 Jan. 14 / Administration of George Bush, 1992 on board. It is this Chamber that is in a and bright. leadership role for the future. The entire And so thank you all very, very much for Nation, if you look at it broadly, has really your commitment, for your leadership role, embraced America 2000. And now, we just for laying aside the politics to think of the need to get the message to the people up future of the kids in this greatest, freest there on the Congress who work at the Hill nation on the face of the Earth. and who have a lot to say about the funding Thank you, and may God bless you all. that is necessary to see this program successfully concluded. Note: The President spoke at 8:55 a.m. at Not all of it depends, thank heavens, on the U.S. Chamber of Commerce. In his re- Federal funding. You’re where the action marks, he referred to Edward Donley, is, right at the community level. But we’ve chairman, Center for Workforce Prepara- got to get the message to 535 people who tion and Quality Education; David T. work down the street to think anew, to work Kearns, Deputy Secretary of Education; C.J. with you in creating these brand-new, (Pete) Silas, chairman, Richard L. Lesher, revolutionarily new schools. Together, I president, and William H. Lurton, vice- really believe that we’re onto something chairman, U.S. Chamber of Commerce; and here, that we will make our future proud Gov. Zell Miller of Georgia.

Exchange With Reporters Prior to a Meeting With Earvin (Magic) Johnson January 14, 1992

Johnson’s Role on AIDS Commission he’s already having an effect on lifestyle, Q. Mr. President, what kind of contribu- for one hand, and, on the other hand, this tion do you think Magic Johnson can make whole question of compassion and under- in the AIDS battle? standing for people that are afflicted by this. So, it’s a two-way street as I see it. One The President. Well, it is my view that is the education process, and the other is he can make an enormous contribution. He just because of who he is, his character. already has when you read the interviews The way people look up to him in this coun- and the reaction that he’s having on the try, he can probably make a better appeal young people of this country for this very for compassion and understanding for vic- honest, compassionate, and sensitive view tims of this than any American. It’s that he’s taken. It makes an impression on you. simple. And he’ll make a contribution on the Com- mission. AIDS Funding I wrote him a letter, a personal letter, Q. Mr. President, have you committed in some time ago and said that I recognize your new budget to spend more on AIDS there are all kinds of opportunities now to treatment and research? serve mankind and that I’d love to have him The President. In anticipation of getting on this Commission but he should feel free that question, I will point out the fact that to say no if there were other priorities. And we are spending $4.25 billion total now. We if he accepted that there would be no pres- are spending on research $1.8 billion, which sure, not that you could pressure a guy this is more than we do on cancer, more than size anyway—[laughter]—but no pressure to we do on heart disease. And we will do do anything other than do what the umpire the utmost possible. does: Call them as they see them. And he’s I have been in close touch with the peo- doing that. And he’s out on his own around ple at NIH, and I expect, Magic, you’ll be this country. if you haven’t: Dr. Fauci and Dr. Broder I think it’s a wonderful thing, and I think and some out there. And we will try to get

82 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / Jan. 14 the maximum research funding level pos- I accepted. Once I found out what the sible. They are not in the mode to tell me Commission was all about, I was ready to that the Federal Government has not come jump in right away. You always want to help forward with a good level of funding. I in any way you can, and this can only help mean, they’ve been quite positive about the battle that I had already taken before that. But if there’s some place where you that, my stand to try to help people. can put a little more money to get this prob- Q. Do you have any suggestions for what lem solved, of course, we want to be sen- the President might do to further help to sitive to that. fight AIDS? Mr. Johnson. Well, the President and I Johnson’s Role on AIDS Commission are going to sit and talk. Q. Mr. President, what sort of impression The President. Talk about that. did Earvin’s announcement have on you Mr. Johnson. Maybe we’ll let you know personally? later. [Laughter] The President. Emotional. And of course, the Bush family are sports fans, and we’ve Presidential Campaign followed Magic. We’ve done it with great Q. Mr. President, what about the New respect and admiration. But it’s been not Hampshire poll that showed a closer contest just that, not just a great athlete hit, but than before? it’s been the way he’s handled it. It’s been The President. I’m not going to talk about that that’s had the real emotional effect. polls here today. I’ll take care of that when And people see this around the country. the election rolls around. This is a nonpoliti- They really do. I’m not just saying it be- cal event with a nonpolitical guy who’s out cause I’m sitting next to this big guy; I’m there doing the Lord’s work. So, I’d rather just telling you that’s the way they see it. defer that until some more appropriate They see it as here’s a man that’s got hit, time. But thank you for inquiring. and he’s standing up and doing something about it and helping others. That’s what this Note: The exchange began at 1:50 p.m. prior country’s about. to a meeting in the Oval Office. In his re- Q. Did you have any hesitation yourself marks, the President referred to Anthony S. in joining this Commission? Fauci, Associate Director for AIDS Re- Mr. Johnson. No. After I received Presi- search, and Samuel Broder, Director of the dent Bush’s letter, I mean, first of all I felt National Cancer Institute, at the National honored, and I just wanted to learn a little Institutes of Health. Professional basketball bit about the Commission, what were my player Earvin (Magic) Johnson was a mem- duties, what my responsibilities were before ber of the National Commission on AIDS.

Remarks on the Presentation of a Natural Gas Powered Van and an Exchange With Reporters January 14, 1992

The President. Let me just make a couple This van, driven over here and delivered of brief statements. Last April, as part of by Secretaries Lujan and Watkins and then the national energy strategy, I signed an Ex- the able head of the GSA, Mr. Austin, uses ecutive order that established goals for compressed natural gas. And yesterday GSA greater energy efficiency in the Federal announced that this year it will purchase Government, and that included the use of from U.S. automakers 3,125 alternative fuel alternative fuel vehicles in the Federal fleet. vehicles for use in the Federal fleet. This program demonstrates our continuing com-

83 Jan. 14 / Administration of George Bush, 1992 mitment to implementing the national en- Mr. Skinner. Looks good to me. ergy strategy, which promotes energy conservation and environmentally sound energy President’s Health initiatives. Q. How come you can’t sleep these I am also pleased to announce that in nights? our ’93 budget, fiscal ’93 budget, I will in- The President. What? clude $15 million for the Department of Q. Jet lag? Energy to assist other Government Agencies The President. Doing fine, Helen [Helen in purchasing alternative fuel vehicles. This Thomas, United Press International]. Please should allow us to purchase over 5,000 al- don’t worry about that. ternative fuel vehicles next year. Q. I’m really worried. These actions will put us ahead of sched- The President. You wake up at night. I’ll ule for the purchases of alternative fuel ve- tell you, it’s crazy. hicles as required by the Clean Air Act. And Q. We’re all worried. I was so pleased to learn about the delivery The President. All right, here we go. of this van over to the Department of the [At this point, the President took the van Interior that we used a slight Presidential for a test drive. prerogative and invite Secretary Lujan and ] Secretary Watkins and Administrator Austin Meeting With Earvin (Magic) Johnson to drive the van here for use in the White House fleet. So, we preempted one. But Q. Mr. President, was Magic Johnson crit- natural gas is a clean burning fuel. It’s got ical of your performance on AIDS? a great future in this country, and here’s The President. What? but one more manifestation of that. Q. Was Magic Johnson critical of what Q. You’re going to drive it, Mr. President? you’ve done so far? The President. What? The President. Good, constructive sugges- Q. Are you going to drive it? tions, but very, very constructive. We had The President. Yes, I’ve got my license. a very positive meeting. If he was, why, he [Laughter] didn’t tell me that. But he left me some Q. You haven’t driven in years. suggestions that we’ll try to work on. The President. It doesn’t matter, I have my license. I would like you to be witness Note: The exchange began at 2:35 p.m. on before I get in there. the South Lawn at the White House.

Letter to Congressional Leaders Reporting on Iraq’s Compliance With United Nations Security Council Resolutions January 14, 1992

Dear Mr. Speaker: (Dear Mr. President:) lution 687 have continued to conduct in- Consistent with the Authorization for Use spections and other activities related to Iraqi of Military Force Against Iraq Resolution weapons of mass destruction and ballistic (Public Law 102–1), and as part of my con- missiles. Iraq has not impeded these efforts tinuing effort to keep the Congress fully in- insofar as they concern sites and activities formed, I am again reporting on the status declared by Iraq and Iraq’s participation in of efforts to obtain compliance by Iraq with the destruction of identified chemical the resolutions adopted by the U.N. Secu- weapons. In the main, however, Iraq rity Council. continues to be uncooperative and obstruc- Since I last reported on November 15, tive 1991, the International Atomic Energy with respect to inspection of sites Agency (IAEA) and the Special Commission identified by the Special Commission and created under U.N. Security Council Reso-

84 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / Jan. 14 the IAEA (based on their own sources of supergun, components of two 350 and two information) as potentially involving clan- 1,000mm superguns, and one ton of destine, proscribed activities. supergun propellant. The United States be- Since obtaining extensive and detailed lieves, however, that Iraq continues to pos- documentation of Iraq’s nuclear weapons sess large numbers of undeclared ballistic program in September 1991, two additional missiles. Questions also remain about inspections have been conducted of facilities whether all aspects of Iraq’s attempts to judged to be directly associated with the produce the Scud missile indigenously and testing and development of high-explosive to develop a more capable solid-propellant components of the implosion system of a missile have been discovered. nuclear weapon, contrary to Iraq’s expla- The United States continues to assist the nation of their purpose. Iraq maintains that United Nations in its activities, including by it conducted studies but had no program conducting U–2 surveillance flights and pro- to develop nuclear weapons. This position viding intelligence. Although the Special is inconsistent with the documents obtained Commission has received important mone- in September and the characteristics ob- tary contributions from other nations, in- served in subsequent visits to Iraqi facilities. cluding Kuwait and Saudi Arabia, the short- These documents and facilities reveal a age of funds readily available to the Special well-funded and broadly based nuclear Commission has become acute, particularly weapons development program involving so- because the Special Commission and the phisticated facilities. Additional analysis and IAEA are now beginning to remove spent investigation in this area are required. irradiated fuel from Iraq. The Special Commission has continued to compile a detailed and comprehensive pic- Since my last report, additional important ture of Iraq’s chemical and biological weap- progress has been made in implementing ons program. From November 17 to No- the Security Council resolution on com- vember 30, 1991, the Special Commission pensating the victims of the unlawful inva- conducted a chemical and biological weap- sion and occupation of Kuwait. The Govern- ons inspection and visited, at short notice, ing Council of the U.N. Compensation 13 sites designated by the Special Commis- Commission held its third formal session in sion as potentially having chemical weapons Geneva, November 25–29, 1991, and con- or biological weapons. Initial reporting indi- tinued to make rapid progress in establish- cates no chemical or biological weapons ac- ing the framework for processing claims. tivities at these sites. In addition, a Special The Governing Council adopted criteria for Commission team visited Iraq in mid-No- the remaining categories of claims of indi- vember to discuss issues related to Iraq’s viduals, claims of corporations, and claims destruction of identified chemical weapons of governments and international organiza- and agents, with particular emphasis on tions (including claims for environmental safety issues. The Special Commission has damage and natural resource depletion). In made recommendations to Iraq regarding addition, the Governing Council set July 1, an Iraqi design for a mustard agent inciner- 1993, as the deadline for filing claims of ator, the destruction of nerve agents caused individuals under $100,000, with expedited by caustic hydrolysis, and the breaching and consideration to be given to claims filed by draining of munitions. It is estimated that July 1, 1992. The Governing Council has destruction of such munitions can com- scheduled meetings in January, March, and mence early in 1992. June 1992 to address additional issues con- Two ballistic missile inspections have cerning the compensation program. been completed since my last report. To In accordance with paragraph 20 of U.N. date, Special Commission inspection teams Security Council Resolution 687, the Sanc- have supervised the destruction of 62 ballis- tions Committee continues to receive notice tic missiles, 18 fixed missile launch pads, of shipments of foodstuffs to Iraq. The 33 ballistic missile warheads, 127 missile Sanctions Committee continues to consider storage support racks, substantial amounts and, when appropriate, approve requests to of rocket fuel, an assembled 350mm send to Iraq materials and supplies

85 Jan. 14 / Administration of George Bush, 1992 for essential civilian needs. To date, Iraq Kuwait, and our allies continue to press the has declined to use U.N. Security Council Government of Iraq to comply with its obli- Resolutions 706 and 712 to sell $1.6 billion gations under Security Council resolutions in oil to generate revenues for the purchase to return all detained Kuwaiti and third- of foodstuffs for Iraqi citizens. country nationals. Likewise, the United On November 24, 1991, the Secretary States and its allies continue to press the General’s representative for the U.N. hu- Government of Iraq to return to Kuwait all manitarian program in Iraq entered into a property and equipment removed from Ku- Memorandum of Understanding with Iraq wait by Iraq. Iraq continues not to cooper- covering the period January 1, 1992, to June ate fully on these issues and to resist un- 30, 1992. This Understanding establishes qualified ICRC access to detention facilities the framework for U.N. humanitarian activi- in Iraq. ties (primarily the provision of food, medical I remain grateful for the support of the care, and shelter) in Iraq, which are con- Congress for our efforts to achieve Iraq’s ducted through centers staffed by U.N. and full compliance with relevant U.N. Security personnel not affiliated with governments. Council resolutions, and I look forward to The Understanding contemplates the use of continued cooperation toward achieving our up to 500 U.N. armed guards to protect mutual objectives. U.N. personnel, assets, and operations. On Sincerely, January 2, 1992, the Government of Turkey extended for 6 months the authority for GEORGE BUSH U.S. Armed Forces to operate in Turkey in furtherance of Operation Provide Com- Note: Identical letters were sent to Thomas fort. S. Foley, Speaker of the House of Represent- Through the International Committee of atives, and Robert C. Byrd, President pro the Red Cross (ICRC), the United States, tempore of the Senate.

Statement on the Death of WUSA–TV Sportscaster Glenn Brenner January 14, 1992

Barbara and I are greatly saddened by Glenn Brenner’s life and his many friends the untimely death of Glenn Brenner, a demonstrate that the man we saw was real, man whose wit and ability has endeared him a man who loved his work, his family, and to so many Washingtonians. The suddenness the community he served. We will remem- of his death and the warmth of his personal- ber him for those qualities that made him ity leave all of us with a painful emptiness. so special. Barbara and I offer our prayers Sometimes we think we know television and sympathy to his family and friends. personalities better than we really do. But

Appointment of Timothy J. McBride as an Assistant to the President for Management and Administration January 14, 1992

The President today announced the ap- and Administration. pointment of Timothy J. McBride, currently Most recently Mr. McBride served as Deputy Assistant to the President, to be an Deputy Assistant to the President and Exec- Assistant to the President for Management utive Assistant to the Chief of Staff, October

86 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / Jan. 15

1991 to December 1991. Prior to this Mr. rangements committee in Dallas, TX, 1984; McBride served as Assistant Secretary of and a small business management consult- Commerce for Trade Development, 1990– ant in Coral Springs, FL, 1982–84. 91; Special Assistant to the President, 1989– Mr. McBride graduated from Eastern 90; personal aide to the Vice President, Michigan University (B.B.A., 1982). He was 1985–89; Deputy Director of the Vice Presi- born October 10, 1958, and is a native of dential Advance Office, 1985; consultant to Michigan. Mr. McBride resides in Alexan- the Republican National Convention ar- dria, VA.

Appointment of Nicholas E. Calio as Assistant to the President for Legislative Affairs January 14, 1992

The President today announced the ap- tributor political action committee from pointment of Nicholas E. Calio, of Ohio, 1984 to 1989. Mr. Calio served as litigation to be Assistant to the President for Legisla- counsel for the Washington Legal Founda- tive Affairs. He would succeed Frederick tion, 1981–84; Of Counsel with the law firm D. McClure. of Santarelli & Bond, 1981–84; and as an Since 1991 Mr. Calio has served as vice associate with the law firm of Santarelli & president of the Duberstein Group, Inc., a Gimer, 1978–81. Washington-based consulting firm. From Mr. Calio graduated from Ohio Wesleyan 1989 to 1991, Mr. Calio served as Deputy University (B.A., 1975) and Case Western Assistant to the President for Legislative Af- Reserve University School of Law (J.D., fairs. He served with the National Associa- 1978). He was born January 10, 1953, in tion of Wholesaler-Distributors as senior Cleveland, OH. Mr. Calio is married to the vice president for government relations and former Lydia Keller, has three children, and executive director of the wholesaler-dis- resides in Washington, DC.

Statement by Press Secretary Fitzwater on the Resignation of Richard J. Kerr as Deputy Director of Central Intelligence January 14, 1992

President Bush accepted with regret and the intelligence community were con- today the resignation of Richard J. Kerr, fronted with profound changes in the world. who has served as Deputy Director of Cen- He was an important member of the intel- tral Intelligence since March 1989. Mr. ligence team during Desert Shield and Kerr will return to private life after serving Desert Storm, for which he was awarded 32 years as a professional intelligence offi- the Presidential Citizen’s Medal. He also cer. His resignation will become effective made an extraordinary contribution to the March 2, 1992. NSC Deputies Committee during his tenure Mr. Kerr has served the country and CIA as DDCI. The President has great respect with dedication and creativity for more than for Dick and is grateful for his counsel and three decades. He played a critical role in support throughout this administration. the recent transition at CIA, serving with distinction as the Acting DCI, and he provided critical leadership at a time when CIA

87 Jan. 15 / Administration of George Bush, 1992

Excerpted Remarks With Community Leaders in Portsmouth, New Hampshire January 15, 1992

The President. First, let me just say of year, every 4 years, from political oppo- thanks to the Governor for providing this nents. But that’s the way life is. cold weather—[laughter]—but warm wel- I’ve done my part for the economy. We’ve come. And I will make a couple of com- brought 300 press up here. [Laughter] My ments at the end, but I do want to do what answer to you is, if you can take it, so can Judd said, to listen. I. [Laughter] So go ahead. I don’t know I want to single out, of course, Senator what the order is, but Judd, fire away. Bob Smith, who came up on the plane with [At this point, remarks were made by par- us, and Bill Zeliff, your able Congressman, ticipants.] who came with us. I don’t think Warren is here, Warren Rudman. But Judd Gregg— The President. Let me just comment on and thank them for their support and being these, and then I want to hear from as many with us in this campaign. I also see Bonnie people as possible. First, on Doug, one of Newman over here, who is well-known to the things this trip was about was trying every businessperson in this State and who’s to expand markets abroad. And I get hit been a great addition to our administration, by some saying this is managed trade. I am now back in the private sector. for free and fair trade, not managed trade. The only point I want to make at the And what we did was go over there and beginning is, look, I have not just discovered get access, not everything I wanted, but get New Hampshire. When a storm hits the access to markets. seacoast here, it hits me. [Laughter] And Doug mentioned high-tech. One of the I can give you some vivid examples of that. things we did do, and we’ve been supported And we’ve been here over and over again, 100 percent by the computer industry, is not only New Hampshire but 48 States. And get access to the Government computer in- I care. And I hope I understand, but I know dustry. Forty percent of the computers in I’ll understand better after I hear the depth Japan are American; in the Government, .04 of concerns that the people in this group percent are. Now we’ve broken that barrier have to offer me. down. So, I will listen, and I’ll be glad to take We can help the Governor on his trade any questions. I’ll be glad to tell you what missions by this kind of initiative. And I I think would help the economy of this am not going to stop trying to open these State. And what helps the economy of the markets because somebody said I ought to whole Nation clearly will help, so I’ll give stay home. We’ve got a global economy. you a little preview of coming attractions And he put his hands on it when he talked for the State of the Union because we’ve about the high-tech factor. We are good in got to do something there. this area; we need to do better. Incidentally, I omitted a former Senator You mentioned financing and venture sitting over here, Gordon Humphrey. And capital. Please help me and Bob Smith and I’m just thrilled to have his leadership and Bill Zeliff and Warren Rudman get a capital his support involved. And if I start clicking gains tax cut. This is not a tax break for it off and leaving out people sitting next the rich; it is a creation of small jobs. to me—I’m already in trouble with Ruth. We are in a demagogic year. A lot of peo- [Laughter] But I really am very pleased. I ple that have discovered New Hampshire feel nothing but warmth here. I know I’ve for the first time, they’ve never been to this got big problems, but we’re going to take State before, never heard of it, don’t know care of those by demonstrating what I feel the heartbeat of the State. I think I do. in my heart and answering some of the out- Went to school across the line here, have rageous allegations that we hear at this time a house down the road here, can see it

88 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / Jan. 15 almost, what’s left of it, when we landed going to happen. at Pease—[laughter]—and come in here all But real estate has been hurt. And I will the time. And I think I understand. have proposals in the State of the Union And I think that this State would prosper Message that I think will put value back, by getting the kind of capital gains reduc- and capital gains is a part of this, in the tion—and let me take the heat on whether asset people care about the most; that’s it’s a tax cut for the rich or not. But help their homes. Part of the fear that I think me when I come out with this yet again exists is because people wonder, ‘‘Hey, in the State of the Union. what’s happened to my home, my house?’’ Deborah, you talked about ‘‘hope that the Again, I might say that I haven’t diverged light at the end of the tunnel is not a train.’’ one inch from my commitment to what I I would remind you of another country- think are New Hampshire values; I know western song by the Nitty Gritty Dirt Band, they’re Bush family values, in terms of fam- ‘‘If you want to see a rainbow, you’ve got ily and neighborhood and community and to stand a little rain.’’ And New Hampshire child care that can be done at the local has stood more than a little rain. It’s had level and all of this. a flood of bad news. And again, I understand it, but I think the answer: less in the Last point, Dan, yes, I remember talks regulations. long ago here. And this helps me. I think We’re trying to do better on regulations. I’ve known, look, this economy is in free- I do believe that the Fed interest rates that fall. I hope I’ve known it. Maybe I haven’t are down now—and interest rates are at a conveyed it as well as I should have, but wonderful level, I’d like to see them down I do understand it. And your comments further frankly, but at a wonderful level— make that even clearer. But I do think that will kick in and will stimulate investment. on high-tech, which does offer a partial and There is no other side to that coin. It will hopefully optimistic part of the answer to help. And it will help the real estate busi- the problem, R&D, capital gains, a new ness. education program that literally revolution- Frankly, I think that the talks we’ve had izes schools, but one of which’s goals is pro- with the regulators, so that the good loans ficiency in math and science for young peo- are not marked up, is going to help. I hope ple. Little longer range, incidentally, but it it will. I think we have had some excesses is absolutely fundamental to the innate well- of regulation. Yet some of the people run- being of a State like New Hampshire. And ning around this State are the very ones in the meantime, we can go forward with in their hearings that are trying to say that job training to take the work force you’re forbearance, they call it, forbearance is bad. talking about and try to equip them for jobs By that they mean you need more regula- that will be there as this economy turns tion. We need less regulation. And I think around. the Vice President is trying very hard on I’ve got a couple of other specific things, this Competitive Council. We’ve got a bet- the R&D that you mentioned and Doug ter job to do there, but I just wanted you mentioned also. Somebody mentioned man- to know I think you’re on to something on dated benefits. We are going to continue to that. fight against the mandated benefits, telling And I won’t comment on all the others, the communities that if they want, quote, but in terms of bank funding and bank— Federal money, they’ve got to do it by some the only good news out of all this dreary Federal formula. I think that has been a news in terms of the financial institutions problem on health care containment and a is that the depositor, thank heavens, and lot of other things. So, I’ll stop there, but again, I salute the Members of the Senate R&D, we will continue to press for the and Congress that are here today, has not R&D credits that I do think will have a big lost a dime. The depositors haven’t. But the difference in creating the kind of job oppor- financial institutions—I still feel good banks tunities that you appropriately mentioned. should make good loans. And as this interest There are many more. But again, these rate goes down, I think, inevitably, that is comments were helpful, and I welcome any

89 Jan. 15 / Administration of George Bush, 1992 more. Or comments. the Government role and use it in partner- Q. Would you like to comment on the ship with private industry and State govern- depreciation or investment tax credits? ments to get this sick economy moving. The President. Yes, I would, because I don’t want to try to be up here to assert we’re getting to a funny season here politi- blame; I’ll take my share of it. But when cally where everybody’s running around say- you look at what we have tried to do in ing, what’s going to have the most populist terms of growth incentives and the way appeal? What is the thing that’s going to we’ve been stiffed by a hostile Congress for help the most? There was a proposal made pure political reasons, I need the help of by one of Bob Smith’s colleagues a while the people in this State. That’s one reason back, last fall, of a massive tax cut, and the I’m just delighted to be here. But again, long-term interest rates shot up the very when it rains before you see that rainbow, next day. I will not go for a quick fix. the President has to take his share of the What we will be proposing and have pro- blame. And I’m here to do just exactly that. posed and have been stiffed by a Demo- But we will stay involved internationally, cratic Congress are things that would do and I will press for those kinds of sound what you’re talking about. Capital gains is investment—you mentioned depreciation part of it; IRA’s that affect the first-time schedules or ITC, that’s sound. homebuyers is another part of it; extension And please stay tuned for the State of of the R&D tax credit is another part of the Union. it. And these are aimed at what you’re talking about, real growth. And to those I would [At this point, remarks were made by a par- add an education and retraining program ticipant.] that is absolutely fundamental to be able The President. That might well be, the to compete. I would add a necessity for this double declining balance of the depreciation President and for Governors to do what and some of these things taken out so that we’re trying to do, and that is to get access, there could be an overall tax cut. It worked fair access, to others’ markets. for a while, but I think now anything we I would avoid the siren’s call of protection do with the Tax Code should be to stimulate that suggests the way for us to get strong real investment, some degree real savings, is to put quotas on and to start managing because we’re not saving enough as a nation trade. We’d be right back where we were and thus the banks don’t have enough of in the Smoot-Hawley days of the thirties, the capital that they would have otherwise and there are one or two other people to loan out, and through education and around here that are old enough to remem- R&D and all of this keep our technological ber what it was like when we shrunk the edge. We’ve still got it, but we need to keep foreign markets. it and build it and strengthen it. So, I agree with what you say. I hope this is what we’ve been trying to do. And So, that’s the approach we’re going to be I know this is a political trip because the taking in terms of real investment. And I am campaign has to pay for it, so give me more going to resist, I don’t care what it costs in Congressmen like Senator Smith and Bill terms of votes, some of these siren’s calls Zeliff and Gordon Humphrey and this Gov- that go out to simply take across-the-board ernor, and I believe we can get the kind tax cuts that have a good sound to them but of investment-oriented programs through do not do what you’re talking about. The the Congress. I am going to try again. And way to create jobs is through what you’re I would like to save one or two additions talking about, and that’s what I have tried to what I’ve told you for the State of the to do. And I’m going to be more effective Union, but I hope you’ll agree that what doing it in the future because I’m going to we’re proposing is not a quick political fix take my case right to the American people that will get you votes through a series of and say, ‘‘Look, here’s what I’ve tried to do; southern primaries after the New Hamp- now I need your help.’’ New Hampshire’s shire primary, but something that will take hurting, these other States are hurting. And

90 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / Jan. 15 this is the approach we’re going to take. Bill Zeliff has to wrestle with, or Bob Smith, And I hope it makes sense. every day to have a debate on what’s going Q. During the Persian Gulf war, one to happen the minute I finish this State of thing that I thought was very obvious was the Union. They’ve already prepared their the fact that we had daily updates on where response. We just did it. the war was going. People knew what was I’m the Commander in Chief. I have the going on on a daily basis. It created a lot responsibility for the national security of this of interest, and it created a lot of support country. We led, and we lifted the American for what you were doing over there. In my spirit. And now you see some of these mag- lifetime, whenever I’ve watched the State azines coming out with the revision of all of the Union Address I’ve agreed with a that, trying to take it away from the Amer- lot of things any administration has said, but ican people. I talked to one of our leading as the weeks go on it loses some of its inter- generals about it yesterday, and he’s just est, some of its impact. I would suggest to sick about that kind of revisionistic report- you that during your State of the Union ing. The American people know what they Address you tell the American public that saw. They saw leadership. They took pride once a week, for the next 4, 6, 8, 10 weeks, in their young men and women. And we you’re going to come on prime time and can do the same thing domestically, I be- update us on the status of your proposals lieve. that you make in the State of the Union I’m not arguing about your suggestion. Address. I’m simply arguing about the modalities be- The President. It’s an interesting sugges- cause, one, political year; two, getting access tion. Here are the people you want to talk to the airwaves for the kind of update is to about giving me the prime time out here pretty complicated and quite expensive. because we’re in an election year and you’ll We will try very, very hard again. And have every jackleg jumping up demanding I think I can be more effective, and I’m equal time with some screwy scheme. going to say, ‘‘Look, let’s do it this way. [Laughter] But I believe that you’ve got something. Let’s lay aside the politics. Let’s do it this I have to keep it before the American peo- way.’’ And then if they don’t like it, fine. ple. I have not done a good job in getting Keep hammering that away to the American people to understand we’ve had a growth people. So, I realize that we need a follow- agenda. I have proposed in three State of up, but I just argue whether we can get the Union Messages some of the various that nice, crisp, clean air time that I’d like things I’m hearing around here we should to have. do. And I don’t believe there’s a working And it was available, in a sense, to our guy in New Hampshire that understands national purpose. Remember on Desert that. That’s my fault. We’ve got to do better Storm, though, the criticism of the Presi- on it, and I think you’ve got a pretty good dent, it goes with my job, didn’t sell it, idea. American people don’t understand what I’d like to take the same kind of energy we’re doing, American people don’t know, and leadership that we had in Desert Storm let’s wait, let’s wait, this man will get out, and use it to help the working men and these sanctions will take care of it, body women in the State of New Hampshire and bags. It wasn’t all as clear on the inter- across this country. There is one significant national front as it seemed after these young difference. When I moved 500,000 troops men and women did that job. about 14 months ago, I didn’t have to ask But we can do it here. And again, this permission from a Democratically con- meeting helps sensitize me to the fact that trolled Congress. When I said, a year ago we must do it. to this very day, we may have to go into Q. You can’t mention this, but I can, and battle, and I don’t like sending any mother’s I do recall there was some criticism. In fact, son into battle, or daughter either, but we there were some people that openly op- did it. Didn’t have to get permission. Didn’t posed the idea of standing up to Saddam have to go to subcommittee chairmen that Hussein in Kuwait, and one of them is run-

91 Jan. 15 / Administration of George Bush, 1992 ning for President in the Republican Party. into it, of manufacturing. But the concept [Laughter] that we need a strong manufacturing base Q. As a corollary to Desert Storm, I’m is very, very important. And I hope I can not at all certain that you might not have emphasize that. been in a worse position than we are in You get into a political debate; you get trying to stimulate new business if you had into a political kind of pledging debate: to justify some of the actions with the Who is going to cut the taxes the most to OSHA’s and the EPA’s. And I think that get the most votes? I think I have to resist one of the things that is very important is that. I have the responsibility now, accept to put some type of a stop to the burgeon- the responsibility for good things and the ing and, in some cases, very much overrated bad things, and I have to propose what I types of bias that come out from someone think will create the most jobs and bring that does not get elected. The President. Dave mentioned that, and the economy back the quickest. And a sometimes you’re caught between a rock strong manufacturing base is part of it. and a hard place. I think we’ve got a good But again, let me make this pitch to you environmental record. I think it’s important all because I do think of New Hampshire we’ve got a good environmental record. But as resisting from the left or from the ex- I think, in some cases, we should be erring treme right the siren’s call of protection. on the side of jobs and employment. We are in a global economy now. You can’t And I look out on—I’ll give you a prob- separate it out. It is exports that have saved lem out on the Northwest. All across the the national economy to the degree it’s even country we have a spotted owl problem. been saved, and it hasn’t been saved, but And yes, we want to see that little furry, I mean, put it this way, it would be a lot feathery guy protected and all of that. But worse if we weren’t exporting to these for- I don’t want to see 40,000 loggers thrown eign countries. out of work. And so, we have to work it And we can compete in a manufacturing out properly. Bill Zeliff and Bob were tell- way with these foreign countries if we get ing me that they’ve had good cooperation the proper access, fair access to markets, from Bill Reilly on some of these very dif- and if we protect our competitiveness ficult environmental matters. through the kinds of taxing that we’ve heard I think of this State as, you know, good here today that I think you probably favor. conservation. You’ve got a lot to conserve. So, I’ll try to keep that in focus as we go You’ve got beauty. But we’ve got to find forward here. the proper balance between the excesses of the regulatory movement, which is the con- [At this point, remarks were made by a par- servation movement, and the excesses on, ticipant.] the rape, pillage, and plunder on the busi- The President. What you ask for is, as ness side. I thought at the opening of your remarks, The State has always been able to sort an opportunity to take some specifics and that out pretty well. So I take your criticism. to take this New Hampshire view and be And we will endeavor to bring home to the heard on it. And that is easily arranged. I regional bureaucrats the need for the bal- mean, I’d be delighted to have set up at ance that—I think you’re calling for balance whatever level you want to take these spe- in this. And I think we can do better there. cifics and make clear to the regulators, or [At this point, remarks were made by a par- higher if you want to go, as to what the ticipant.] mechanics are that are holding back this re- The President. The national figures on covery. manufacturing are not all discouraging even So, I accept your offer, and we’ll be glad in rough economic times. What I think we to set it up. But be specific, bring the spe- were talking about here probably would cifics because there is some feeling that have the most stimulative effect, short and some of these problems have been resolved. long run, if you add R&D and education And to the degree that they are still out

92 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / Jan. 15 there, and it’s something other than the that now are bad, shouldn’t have made in judgment of the lending institution who got the first place. We got carried away by the burned for loaning in ways they shouldn’t excesses. have loaned before and are saying, ‘‘Hey, Now, I know that from personal experi- I’ve got to protect my stockholders,’’ we can ence, not from some textbook, not from lis- do something about it. If it’s the judgment tening to some handler in the campaign just of a financial man, lending officer, then I discovering New Hampshire. So, we have don’t know that the Government has a role. been recovering from some of the excesses. But if it’s the Government regulator that’s It is my point that in some of this regulation putting this dampener on the lending com- we’ve gone too far, that we’ve swung too munity in a small New Hampshire town, far back. And the lender is saying to him- I’d like to have our people listen to that self, ‘‘Wait a minute. I’ve been through all and try to be sensitive to it and try to that once. Don’t ask me to make the same change it. To some degree we’ve made mistake twice.’’ progress, but obviously we haven’t made A lot of what you’re talking about is psy- enough. chological between the lender and the bor- [At this point, remarks were made by a par- rower. But to the degree the Government ticipant.] is being inhibiting, not for sound economic reason but just kind of reaction to the ex- The President. And after you get through cesses of the past, we can help, and we talking to us, and I hope that we can help should help. And we should try to lighten as an administration, save a little time to up on the regulations, and I know Judd talk to some of those who don’t think we’ve feels that way at the State level. got enough regulation on Congress and will So, I think something good can come of hold up the name of a very good man for this, and we will set it up at whatever level the OCC because they think he’s been too you want. lenient on regulation. And he gets stiffed Q. Thank you, Mr. President. We’ve got in these Senate politics. Bob Smith knows a very busy day planned for you, so I guess this very well, indeed. We’ve got to sell the we’ve got to sort of wrap this up. I didn’t other side that you’ve got a point here, and know if you wanted to make any additional you do have a point here. comments, or we can move on and say hello I don’t want to sound like an expert, be- to some of the folks out there. cause I’ve been out of meeting a payroll The President. Well, I’d rather say hello, for a long time. When I was in the drilling but I—for busy people, working hard in a business, if I went into loan on a drilling struggling economy, to take the time to rig, I had to have a contract from a major come here has been extraordinarily helpful oil company or some good credit, or they to me. wouldn’t loan me a dime. They wouldn’t And I just want to end where I started. loan unless I had that to pay it out. I don’t know what I have to do to convince In the go-go years that followed, there people here that I really care about this; got to be a lot of competition for loans for I do. I probably have made mistakes in as- drilling platforms, and you didn’t have to sessing the fact that the economy would re- have a contract. And the lending institutions cover. Last year at this time, 49 out of the started making loans that they wouldn’t 50 blue-chip economists thought that by have made in more normal times or more now we’d be in recovery. They were wrong; conservative times. I was wrong. Maybe one or two of you In real estate, you had to have a contract around the table would admit he or even to pay out x percent of your building, if she was wrong. Sorry, Bonnie. I don’t know. not the entire building. And then in the So, it’s not a question of blame; I will go-go days, through the S&L’s and some accept that. But what I want to do is con- degree the banks trying to compete, under- vince the people here, one, that I understandably so, thinking there will be no to- stand the problem—I think I do; two, that morrow, and the consumer and the loaners I need help in solving the problem, and that thinking the same thing, they made loans means support for the growth initiatives,

93 Jan. 15 / Administration of George Bush, 1992 some of which I’ve tried and failed on being, ‘‘Hey, tomorrow is going to be better.’’ cause of a stiff by a partisan Congress, and So, I don’t want to be the cheerleader some of which we will try again, and add saying tomorrow is going to be better. I to that additional ones that I’ve been listen- do think the economy is going to come out ing to around this table. So, we’re going to of it. But I need the help of sound-thinking go, and go forth in this State of the Union. people to resist the siren call of protection, Then I also took on board this comment to resist some of these quick political appeal about needing to follow that up. And what taxing schemes that may get you a vote or we can get done in an election year, I don’t two, but will do nothing to stimulate jobs, know. But I’ll conclude this way: Without investment, and economic growth. having it sound like Mrs. Rose Scenario, this And so, I came here to ask for support is New Hampshire. You’ve done a lot; in this very important field, as well as to you’ve accomplished a lot. And this State listen to the heartbeat of this State that I is going to pull out of this. This national do feel Barbara and I both know. Somebody economy is going to pull out of this. You mentioned her, and I am very proud of look back in history of this country; it always what she is doing, not just because she has, and it will. knows how to handle her husband when he So, my message without, as I say, just throws up—[laughter]—but she is express- being euphorically optimistic, is that in ing something that I think the people of place there are some fundamentals that we New Hampshire understand. And that is haven’t talked about today. Somebody ought love of family, faith, determination, helping to—the market’s seeing them, incidentally. kids—taking an AIDS baby and holding it What are they? They are: Interest rates are in her arms and say, ‘‘Hey, we need a little down. Inflation, the cruelest tax of all, is compassion and understanding on all this.’’ down. Unfortunately, part of the reason is And I have a very comfortable feeling that economic growth is so slow. But neverthe- people here know that we do feel a part less, that is down. Inventories are in fair of this State. shape. And I think most people here under- In any event, that’s what I’d say in conclu- stand that. We are making progress on ac- sion. And thank you all very, very much. cess to foreign markets. The exports are vi- I’ve learned a lot. brant. Couple those with the bad news, and we all know what that is, of unemployment and, Note: The President spoke at 8:52 a.m. at somebody put their finger on it, confidence, the Pease Air National Guard Base. In his the confidence factor. I mean, we had na- remarks, he referred to J. Bonnie Newman, tional unemployment at 10.7 percent in former Assistant to the President for Man- about 1981 or 1982, and confidence was agement and Administration, and Ruth L. higher then than it is now. People were say- Griffin, member of the Governor’s Council.

Remarks and a Question-and-Answer Session at a Town Hall Meeting in Exeter, New Hampshire January 15, 1992

The President. I am very, very pleased and then it’s mainly questions. Isn’t it, to be back. Mike, how are you? This guy Judd? First, I want to thank the Governor meets me at Pease every time I come in for being at my side. You know my and there. [Laughter] Exeter rose-grower. Barbara’s affection for Governor Judd Let me just say how really pleased I am Gregg and for Hugh and Kay, old longtime to be here and to thank you for turning friends who stay in touch and who have out. I want to make a couple of comments, kept me informed of this State—both

94 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / Jan. 15 of them, both Greggs—of the problems that light at the end of the tunnel is not a train we face in this State. And I’m not talking coming through. And I trumped it with say- political; I’m talking about hardship for peo- ing, well, remember the Nitty Gritty Dirt ple that are hurting. Band one, if you’ve got any country music One of the things I’m pleased to be able people here, ‘‘If you’re going to see a rain- to do here is to at least let the people of bow, you’ve got to stand a little rain.’’ this State know that even though I am Well, New Hampshire has stood more President and do have two or three other than its share of rain, job—hurting and the responsibilities, that when people are hurt- families wondering how they’re going to ing, we care. We get the message there. make their ends meet. But there is going We read the mail. We can understand. And to be a rainbow out there. There’s some I just wanted to get that out loud and clear fundamentals that are pretty darn good. because we’re in a political year, and you And yet, we’ve got to do better. hear a lot of people that have discovered And the last point I want to make is I New Hampshire for the first time running hope that you will listen to the State of around trying to say something different. Of the Union Message. I have proposed, 3 course, we care. straight years, growth agenda programs. Not Secondly, I am very grateful not only to some fancy quick fix that’s going to have the Governor but to Senator Bob Smith, broad appeal in an election time, but things Senator Rudman, who couldn’t be with us— that would stimulate this economy. Now Bob Smith here today—who are doing a we’re putting this all together again with superb job, and then your Congressman, an- new additions to it to take these proposals other dear friend, a man I respect, Bill to the American people. And then what I Zeliff. These are leaders in the Congress. hope we can do is rally the American people And they talk about pledges and all of this. and get the economy moving by sound in- Let me tell you something. I took a pledge vestment-oriented treatment of the Tax when I was sworn in, the oath of office, Code. and what I need a pledge about is to get more Congressmen and Senators like Sen- That is what’s needed, and still hold the ator Smith and Gordon Humphrey, who was line on spending. One of the few benefits in the Senate and is supporting me, and of that budget agreement was that we have your Congressman here, Bill Zeliff, and caps on the excesses of Federal spending, Warren Rudman. Then we would be able those things that can be controlled. And I to control this Federal spending better. want to keep them there. I do not want Then we would be able to see that we get to bust the one restraint that is on the these tax improvements that I’ve been ask- spenders in the United States Congress. ing for. So that’s the pledge I want, is the So having said that, I hope you’ll ask the pledge from the people to give us more. questions. We’ll have a good health program And you’re going to have to use your influ- that I think will have appeal to the voters ence out of the State because you’ve done here because it’s family; it keeps things pretty darn well in the State in the United close to the people themselves rather than States Congress. having a lot of mandated benefits out of So, that was one point I wanted to make. Washington. The other one is that people say, ‘‘Well, And this is the last point. I’m just back you’re in trouble in New Hampshire.’’ Well, from a rather spectacular trip to Asia. I say that may be. But I’m here to listen. I’m spectacular—you try getting the flu at a din- here to take the questions. I’m here to say, ner. [Laughter] I have a feeling the people hey, there’s a lot to do in partnership, the in New England, and certainly having been Federal Government, the State government a neighbor of this State for so long, under- where you’ve got superb leadership, and the stand that even Presidents get the flu. I said people themselves. over there, even Democrats get it from time And of course, we care. And somebody to time. [Laughter] But you’ve got to admit gave me the analogy of a country-western I did it in a dramatic way. song about a train, hoping they’d see the Having said that, exports account for

95 Jan. 15 / Administration of George Bush, 1992 a tremendous amount of the growth in this ings was that that needed to be done. They country. A lot of the jobs, I think it’s esti- ought not to exempt themselves from the mated—I was talking to Bob and Bill com- laws you and I have to honor. And this con- ing over here—35,000 to 40,000 jobs in gressional delegation understands that; New Hampshire related to exports. So these people here do. So, you’ve got to spill please don’t buy this protection legislation over and use your influence across the bor- that the Democrats and some others are der, two ways I might add, Maine and Mas- putting out, this idea that we can shrink sachusetts, good places to start. So, try that back inside. I want to put America first in one. the sense of the values, in the sense of get- But no, you’ve got a good point. Look, ting this economy to be first, but not in I’m not up here to assign blame. I’ll take the sense of some kind of protection legisla- my share of the blame. I don’t take it for tion that is going to shrink markets and not caring or not understanding. I do. Bar- throw the working people of New Hamp- bara does. I hope we have projected the shire further out of work. Let’s expand family concerns that we feel. We’ve tried these markets. to do that in this job. But I’m not here Now, fire away. Shoot. Any questions, to blame. even if they’re tough ones. I know we’ve But I am here to remind the voters up got a few fans in here for someone else. here that in two previous State of the Bring them up. Unions I have proposed growth initiatives You’re second. Got the first guy, and we’ll that would have stimulated the economy. be right over. Now I’m going to do it again, and this time The Economy I’m going to look the American people in the eye, as I did in the past, and say, ‘‘All Q. Mr. President, first let me say the con- right, people are hurting more now. I’ve just ditions in the country today, with our Gov- come back from the State of New Hamp- ernment in deficit, most every State in the shire, and a lot of people are out of work. Union in deficit, and most every municipal- And if you really care, pass this package. ity in the country in deficit, never mind the Then we can put it back into politics and households, what do we have to do—and debate it for the rest of this political year. I’m glad you brought a few—to get the But get something done that’s going to get Congressmen and the Senators in this coun- the people of this State and of this country try to realize when we have millions of peo- back to work.’’ That’s the approach I’m ple without jobs, homeless, without health going to take. care, and these fellows have the gall to vote Now, we had one here, and then I’ll come themselves a raise, what can we do other over there. than vote out every incumbent? I hate to see that, but I mean, what do we have to do to get the message across to these people AIDS in Washington? Q. We had a wonderful Surgeon General The President. Well, I think this kind of who led us in health care in the man of meeting helps. Fortunately, you have con- Dr. Chick Koop. gressional delegations, the ones I mentioned The President. Yes. from this State, that understand that. They Q. Can he help us with some of our fight against the excesses of Congress. health problems in the future? One of the things that I proposed or sec- The President. Yes, he can. He’s a good onded the motion on were these proposals man. I think he wants to, too. I saw him the that are there, and they’re bipartisan, I other day. And one of the things that Dr. might add, for Congress to reform itself in Koop, who came into office and people said, terms of proliferation of committees and ‘‘Well, this guy’s a little conservative for the needing reforms, Congress to adhere to the national agenda.’’ He wasn’t; very sensitive same laws that the American people have guy. One of the things that he has done— to adhere to. One of the comments that and this is a sensitive subject; it’s on my I’ve made after the Clarence Thomas hear- mind again because yesterday I met with

96 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / Jan. 15

Earvin ‘‘Magic’’ Johnson—is to project the coming up here with these health plans, ask idea that treating AIDS is a health problem. them what that is going to do to the people We are concerned about it. We care that pay the taxes, as well as those who about it. When Barbara holds an AIDS baby need the health care. in her arms, she’s trying to express the com- So, I think we’ve got a good program, passion that both of us feel. When I go and I hope we can get the support from out to NIH and meet with those people everybody in this room. that are afflicted with it—we have to do Yes, in the back in the middle. it on a health problem: Prevention, research Q. If I can just comment, I think we have and development, caring, making people time for about two more questions. We’d understand this now is a national health like to have everybody come up and have problem. a chance to shake hands with the President. And Magic, who’s on that Commission, The President. Anybody got a real con- following in the footsteps of the education troversial one or want to make a statement? that Chick Koop has put forward to the be- I want some guy that really wants to be ginning, is saying, ‘‘Look, lifestyle’s impor- tough, some tough guy. Who is it? This guy tant.’’ He said, ‘‘I’ve made some mistakes.’’ in the middle? Yes. Who are you for, first, And he did. He made some big ones. But and then let’s hear the question. [Laughter] now I want to help, get this thing out for Q. I don’t think you want to know. open debate, compassionate treatment as a The President. No, but really, they disease, and see what we can do. Then use shouldn’t be soft balls. Call it as you see our office, the bully pulpit of the White it, and you’ll get it back. House and Chick Koop and others, our new Q. I’m a registered Democrat. Surgeon General, to educate people. We’ve The President. All right, sir. got to treat with the health aspect through prevention and research. I think he will Education have—we’d love to have him involved. Q. I haven’t made up my mind yet. Health Care Four years ago you proclaimed yourself Q. On the national health plan, what do the education President. you have planned as a help for the 35 mil- The President. Yes. lion people who don’t have health insur- Q. Well, I’m a student at the University ance? of New Hampshire, and to the best of my The President. The question in the back knowledge New Hampshire is 51st out of is a very important question. What are you 50 States. We’re behind Puerto Rico as going to do about the 35 million who don’t well, as far as State funding for education. have health insurance? What we’ve done so And I just haven’t seen very much evidence far is emphasizing prevention, emphasizing of your being the education President. inoculations and this kind of thing. Now at The President. The man asked a very im- the State of the Union, I will have what portant and very fair question. In the first I think is the proper, if you’ll permit me place, Federal spending, and I can under- to hold back some of the details, but a com- stand why you might not sense this, is up prehensive health care program that does significantly in the Department of Edu- not increase the Federal mandates but does cation. As you know, Federal spending is bring protection to the numbers of people 6 or 7 percent of the total education budget that are uninsured. Therein lies the big for the country. Educational spending, leave problem. out Federal, is also up substantially. So, we will have a comprehensive—it’s Here’s the good news: We do have a good only 2 weeks away, so stay tuned, and I program. I went to the 50 Governors. We think it will be done with the values I think put politics aside on this one, believe me. of as New Hampshire values in mind, with- We’ve got the national education goals, six out busting the budget. I ask you, when goals now. They were agreed by Democrats you hear all these people who have just dis- and Republicans alike. They are now en- covered New Hampshire on the road map compassed in a program called America

97 Jan. 15 / Administration of George Bush, 1992

2000, which is a national education strategy. from that sense of discipline. Then I want It literally calls for revolutionizing the the schools to be drug-free so a kid can schools. go and learn in a safe environment. Yes, it requires some more Federal So, those are some of the ingredients of spending, but we’re budgeting that. It re- our program called America 2000. quires much more participation of parents and of communities. I addressed a national War on Drugs Chamber meeting yesterday on it. Demo- crats, Republicans, liberals, conservatives Q. Mr. President, it seems that as the coming together to say we’ve got to do it economy gets worse and worse, that more differently. and more people are turning to the sales Please take a look at that program. It is of drugs and more and more people are sensible. I’m determined to keep it out of using drugs as they see the economy tough- the political crosscurrent. I don’t care about en and their families suffering. What do you my personal label; I am committed to edu- propose to do about this problem because cation. This program, under the able leader- it seems to keep getting worse? ship of Lamar Alexander, is one of the The President. Let me repeat the question things that is beginning to get to the Amer- because I want to argue with the premise ican consciousness. a little bit, not totally. The premise is, it You and I might differ on this one; I still seems to be getting worse on narcotics, like the idea of parents being able to drugs, amongst young people, and what do choose. When I came out of the military you propose to do about it? to the GI bill a thousand years ago nobody We have a national drug strategy. We are said, ‘‘Hey, you’ve got to go to school A making significant if not dramatic progress or school B, university A or B, or high amongst young people, for example, in the school extension program A, B, or C.’’ The use of cocaine, down by 10 percent. Where person could choose. And choice in the we’re hurting as a society is the 35 and State of Minnesota, formerly run by a older, kind of the addicted crowd is not Democratic Governor, has resulted in edu- shaking it. cational excellence. Education is a part of it. Treatment is And so, one of the concepts of this is a part of it. Interdiction, a much more suc- choice. Another one is doing better in math cessful interdiction effort, is a part of it. and science. Another is to continue the in- But the national drug strategy is working. creases that we’ve already started on Head And then there’s another ingredient to this. Start, ready to learn. Another one is, you’re It’s the private partnership under the lead- never too old to learn. Even I, and it’s not ership of a guy named Jim Burke. We’re just show business, have a little computer spending $1 million—they are, not Govern- there, and I’m trying to learn it. I’m doing ment—$1 million a day with, I don’t know something, and I hope it’s an example that whether you’ve seen them, with advertise- you’re never too old to learn, although I’m ments, pro bono advertisements trying to having a few difficulties with the cursor. help educate children and parents that [Laughter] drugs are—you know, turn off of drugs. The thing that troubles me is I don’t think We are making progress. We’ve made big that we’ve gotten that across. It is a good, progress in marijuana, made big progress sensible program. It’s really just starting, but in cocaine use. And yet, we’ve still got a it holds the answer because we are not long way to go. So, we’ll keep fighting the going to be as competitive in this world if problem, but I just want to give a little hope we don’t do better in math or science. out there that these figures are fairly en- Another part of it is voluntary testing at couraging in terms of the age group that the 4th, 8th, and high school level. And it’s you asked about. voluntary. But there’s nothing wrong with Last pitch is this on it: I still think that testing. There’s nothing wrong with stand- the people of New Hampshire, in spite of ards so a school knows whether it’s keeping the economic problems and being out of up with other schools. We’ve gotten away work, still really epitomize for a lot of the

98 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / Jan. 15 rest of the country what Barbara and I talk is not show business. I mean, when a guy about as family values. I worry about the asked a very good question on education decimation of the American family. Every- it gave me a chance to say what I think, thing we do, like child care, we try to make but also it shows what concerns people. So it that the family has a choice, or education, I hope you don’t feel this—whoops, even that the family does. the guy at the end of the table here feels Barbara is out there trying to get peo- that it’s just some kind of a useless exercise. ple—‘‘Read to the kids.’’ So, I do think that But message: I care. We’re trying. We family involvement is vital to the success. need help. We have had and will continue The Federal Government cannot get this to have, I think, sound and sensible pro- drug thing done by itself. We’ve got a programs. gram. We’ve got to keep the families to- And let’s not forget this: It was one year gether and the families involved in solving ago that I had to make a very fateful deci- this. That isn’t a vote-getter, and that isn’t sion that affected the lives of a lot of Ameri- going to outpromise some Democrat half- cans. And we saw instantly the return of way across the State. But it is something American pride. It doesn’t matter about I feel very, very strongly about and will con- how you feel about when we should have tinue to try to help the American people gone to war, the country came together. I understand. want to use that same kind of leadership You’ve got to read to your kids. You’ve to bring the country together now on the got to hug them. You’ve got to lift them social problems that affect us and on getting up and dust them off and put them back this economy going and getting New Hamp- into the game. And if you don’t do that, shire back to work. And I need your help. they drift off into some of this mire. In Thank you very, very much. the inner city they need help on it, too. [At this point, County Commissioner Note: The President spoke at 10:50 a.m. at Maureen Barrows presented a book on the the Exeter Town Hall. In his remarks, he history of Exeter to the President.] referred to Michael Dagostino, a retired The President. Listen, I apologize, but rose-grower in Exeter, and Hugh and Kay we’re really almost just getting started. This Gregg, parents of Gov. Judd Gregg.

Remarks to Davidson Interior Trim Employees in Dover, New Hampshire January 15, 1992

First, let me just say thanks for the well, this State faces and the neighboring warmth of this reception. And your chair- State of Maine, Massachusetts, and New man is just back from a trip with me abroad, England, and also some of the rest of the and the thing got a little caught up in some country, is our exports. So, one pitch I’d of the politics of the moment, which is hard make is, no matter what your politics are, to avoid. But the concept was: Look, this is please resist this siren’s call, this wonder- isn’t any time to pull back; this is a time ful call, ‘‘Well, we’re going to protect.’’ Be- to try to expand American markets. I am cause when you protect, you shrink the not in favor of protection in the sense of markets abroad, and you throw people at pulling away from our export markets. home out of work. So, we went over there and tried to ham- So that’s the theme that I—take you up mer away in getting our export market ex- on your chance to say something. [Laugh- tended. And one of the things that saved ter] And the other thing, and I guess, is that us in the extraordinarily difficult times that,

99 Jan. 15 / Administration of George Bush, 1992

I expect it’s difficult for somebody working year—and I’m a realist, I’ve been in politics in a plant here in New Hampshire to won- one hell of a long time, if you’ll excuse the der, to know if the President really cares expression—some things transcend the poli- about what’s happening in the economy. tics. One of them is that what I want to And I think I know this State. Went to do, even though we’re in an election year, school a thousand years ago across the boris take the same spirit of leadership and der, and go up every summer of my life ex- the same spirit that affected this country cept 1944 to Maine, spending a fair amount then, can-do spirit, and say, ‘‘All right, now of time, almost you can see it, practically, let’s see if we can’t do the same thing with coming in on the plane. So when you get our economy,’’ through getting the incen- clobbered on the seacoast by a storm, I get tives built back into the system or keeping clobbered on the seacoast by a storm. It the lid on the Federal spending or whatever goes further than that. When you get hurt- it is. ing because you worry whether you’re going And I just wanted you to know: One, I to have a job or you get thrown out, I do know you’re hurting; two, I care about it; care about it. And I just wanted to say that. three, I’ve been wrong about how fast this What we’re trying to do from the Federal recovery would take; but, four, I am deter- level is to stimulate the economic growth mined to use the role as leader of the free of this country. And I hope you’ll stay tuned world, leader of the United States, to make at the State of the Union. I’ve made some things better. And I think we’ll have a win- proposals. I’m having difficulty, I think we dow in here, even though it’s political, right all know, getting them through the Con- after the State of the Union to have some- gress. But I’m going to try again, look the thing happen in terms of stimulating the American people in the eye, and say, ‘‘Now growth of this economy. look, here’s what it’s going to take to take So please, vote any way you want to— a sick economy and make it a well econ- that’s your right and privilege—and say omy.’’ what you feel, but please avoid the quick Having said that, I’m convinced this econ- fix that might sound good. One of the omy is going to turn around. I’ve been charges: The President doesn’t know where wrong about how fast it would be, and I New Hampshire is. Look, I know where think a lot of other people, smarter than New Hampshire is, and I know the heart- I, have been wrong about how fast it would beat of this State. And I know the people, be, the economists and all that. But we are and I care about them, and so does Barbara the United States. We don’t need to fear Bush. anything at all. We can turn this thing You can argue with me on the politics around, and we’re going to do it. or on what we might have done sooner, but And the last point is simply this, because I just wanted you to know we do care des- I want to eat this chili before it gets cold— perately. We have tried in the White House [laughter]—and some of you guys have got to project a certain commitment to family, to go to work. But the last part of it is which, if you look at your kids and you that a year ago, almost to the day—and worry, as Bar and I do, about the decline maybe some of you all were involved; I of the American family, it is important. So know you were with your emotions, your when she hugs a baby that’s sick with AIDS hearts, and everything—but we, almost a or when she reads to a child, what we’re year ago to this very minute, went into bat- trying to do is say we think the parents of tle halfway around the world. And the coun- this country—leave out the politics for a try demonstrated something in support of minute—have to stay involved, whether it’s the young men and women that fought on child care, and our child care gives the there that we’d really lost since World War parents a choice, whether it’s on health II. We came together, came together in an- care, don’t mandate it all, get a system. And ticipation, came together in war, and came we’re going to be proposing a good program together in victory. And it lifted the country that keeps the strong families of this country up; the country came together. strong. Well, even though we’re in an election I say I know this State; I do. I know it

100 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / Jan. 15 enough to know that regardless of the poli- mean to—he invited me, so it’s his—[laugh- tics, family is important. Pride in the counter] Thanks, and bless you all. Thanks a lot. try is important. And I want to try to do [At this point, Frank Biehl, manager of my job in such a way to identify with that human resources, Davidson Interior Trim, and to lead this country. presented a gift to the President.] Somebody reminded me of a country- western song over here at Pease. Inciden- Let me just say this: Your chairman was tally, I want to see how the Federal Govern- tough over there and took that case dramati- ment can help in the economic redevelop- cally. You can compete. If we can get the ment of that area. It’s a tremendous asset. markets open, you can sell. You workers are And yes, I’m having to cut back on de- better than they are. The competence you fenses, and yes, thank God, your kids and see out there is better than the next guy. my grandkids are growing up in a world I get criticized on this trip, saying Bush where they don’t need to worry quite as is trying to manage trade—all the liberal much about nuclear weapons. I mean, that’s columnists on this one. Normally get hit a very important thing. But with it comes from the other side saying protect. But this some big problems for jobs. So, we want one is saying, ‘‘Well, he’s now giving away to help on the economic development. his one commitment to free trade.’’ It’s not This highway bill is going to help; it’s doing that at all. It is simply saying I am going to help New Hampshire a lot. Small for free trade, but we need fair access to business moves we’ve made are going to the other guy’s market. help. The new visa center is going to help. And that’s what Bev was trying to do, and So I want to try to do the best we can. that’s what I was trying to do. And we made Somebody says, ‘‘Hey, Bush is bragging some progress. Not as much as we wanted, about the highway bill helping New Hamp- but we’re going to keep on. And for those shire.’’ I’ve got to brag about something, that say, ‘‘Stay home,’’ I know what they’re and you’re darn right I’m going to brag getting at. They’re thinking, ‘‘Well, the about the highway bill and all the jobs that President is over there talking to Gorbachev go with it. or Yeltsin or Middle East. I wonder if he So, we’ll keep slugging it out on that really knows that we’re hurting in Dover, basis. In spite of the problems, I think this New Hampshire?’’ I’ve got to say to the is probably the most challenging and, in a people, yes, I know that. But the world is sense, rewarding time since, well, in this such you’ve got to stay involved. And it whole century, to be President of the means jobs in Dover, New Hampshire, if United States. Who would have thought we stay involved and do it effectively. that the changes around the world that So we’ll keep on trying. And now that’s make the world more peaceful would have the second speech, and thanks for my happened so fast and happened, thank God, sneakers. I’m glad to have them. on my watch? So, I’ll take the hit for the bad stuff, and give me just a little bit of the credit for the fact that your kids and Note: The President spoke at 12:48 p.m. In mine may have a chance for a more peace- his remarks, he referred to Beverly F. ful world. Dolan, chairman of Textron, parent com- But anyway, good luck to you. I didn’t pany of Davidson Interior Trim.

101 Jan. 15 / Administration of George Bush, 1992

Remarks to Liberty Mutual Insurance Employees in Dover January 15, 1992

Let me first thank, of course, Governor the economy. One message: I want the peo- Gregg, who’s heading up our campaign in ple of this State to know that I care. I care this State. And let me also single out Sen- very much about the people that are hurting ator Bob Smith—I don’t know whether you in this State, and I am determined to turn all have been introduced—Senator Bob this State around. And that is the message. Smith over here, Congressman Bill Zeliff, And I have not simply just discovered both extraordinarily good friends, tremen- New Hampshire. You ask some of these dous supporters for the values that you and characters running around there with these I share; and then also a former Senator, scatterbrained ideas and these quick fixes Gordon Humphrey, who is also in my cor- to something as tough as this economy, ner and working hard. And I’m so proud ‘‘When were you last in New Hampshire?’’ to have these leaders and others, Warren And you’ll find they’ve never been here at Rudman and others who couldn’t be here all. They wouldn’t know how to get here. today, at my side. I know the heartbeat of this State. I know Somebody said, ‘‘Well, why do you want the values, the family values of this State. to go to Liberty?’’ And I was thinking back, Barbara and I try to live those values in coming over, the last time I was here in an earlier campaign effort, somebody in a our lives as President and First Lady of this parking lot ran over Governor Hugh Gregg’s country. And I can identify with those who foot. [Laughter] And I wanted to come back are hurting in this State. Please give me and try to do better this time—[laughter]— credit for that, and do not listen to these and thank everybody here for this welcome, guys that want to take political opportunity, Mr. Laszewski, Mr. Countryman, and just come up with a quick fix to something as say it is a pleasure to be back in this State. complicated as this economy, and then be Let me deny a vicious rumor that’s cir- gone and never to return. I’ve been here, culating here. I have not come back to New been here a lot. And I will return, as Presi- Hampshire to personally renew my sub- dent, and when I get through being Presi- scription to the Union Leader. [Laughter] dent, as neighbor. So, you’ve got my pledge I did come back to talk about jobs. But on that one. I wanted to start with something. I was just I know times are tough. This State has over at a cafeteria at Davidson, and this gone through hell, gone through an extraor- guy—I don’t know what his politics were, dinarily difficult time, coming off of a pin- really is indifferent—and he asked me what nacle, you might say, of low unemployment. for some might be an easy question. And Now you’re at about the national level. And he said, ‘‘If you had to name one thing, yes, people are hurting. And I am deter- what would your message be today; why are mined to turn it around. you here?’’ We were sitting with our sleeves I told some of them over there, there’s rolled up at the table. a big difference, you know, people say to My thought process went this way: I think me, difference between domestic and for- I know this State. I know I know the prob- eign policy. ‘‘How could you lead the lems of this State. We live near this State. world’’—and they gave me some credit for I went to school across the border, to Mas- that in Desert Storm, that the American sachusetts, and have a feel for this New people still feel very, very strongly about— England where I grew up. I think I under- ‘‘how can you do that and then have such stand it. I understand the heartbeat; I understand the hardship. And I said to this difficulties with this economy?’’ Well, let me guy, we’ve got all of these issues: health tell you something. When I moved those care, which I’ll mention; we’ve got world forces I didn’t have to ask Senator Kennedy peace; we have economic stimulation to get or some liberal Democrat how, whether we

102 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / Jan. 15 were going to do it. We did it. I didn’t because of the way we’ve conducted the for- have to ask some smart-aleck columnist who eign affairs of this country, to grow up in was saying, ‘‘Bush hasn’t explained this to a world with a little less worry about nuclear the American people.’’ We did it. war. There has been dramatic change. And The young men and women, the best I’ll take the hit. I’ll take my share of the fighting force we’ve ever had, stood up and blame for the economy, and I’ll dish out lifted the spirits of this country. And now plenty to Congress on that, I might add. I want to take that same leadership, bring [Laughter] But just give us a little credit this country together after the State of the for the fact that we now have a tremendous Union, and solve the domestic economic change in the world, old totalitarian systems problems, and do it in a sound, sensible now democracies, people in the south of New Hampshire way. And that is why I’m our border now working for free markets. here. And that means more jobs for the people It’s a weird year here. You’ve got crazy of New Hampshire. people running all over, thinking that the And so, it isn’t all gloom and doom. And way to put this country back to work is to what I want to do is this. We’ve had growth stop exports. In other words, they call it agendas. They’ve been stymied by a Demo- this, they call it protection. I’m going to cratic Congress. And you ask these guys that protect an American job. Do not listen to come, where were you when the President the siren’s call of protection if it comes out proposed a capital gains cut to stimulate of the far right or the far left. What that jobs? Where were you when he proposed means is shrinking jobs, getting into trade IRA’s to help the first-time homebuyer? wars and retaliation. He’s got a growth agenda. What we’re trying to do is to expand exports by making that playing field level and They didn’t do it. So now I’m going to getting access to foreign markets. So, when take my message on the State of the Union someone says to me, some politician out of to the American people, look them right some State that never heard of New Hamp- in the eye and say, ‘‘All right, let’s do this. shire before, comes up here and says, ‘‘The Let’s lay aside these election-year politics President ought not to worry about world for about 2 weeks or 3, and let’s pass this peace or the global economy,’’ I’m going package.’’ And it’s going to have in it not to say, ‘‘Let me run my business the way quick fixes. It’s going to resist some of the I think is best.’’ I am going to continue short-term quick political briefs. But it’s to work to open markets, to take this ques- going to have the stimulation of jobs and tion of equal opportunity—that’s all the investment and savings to get this country American worker needs—equal opportunity moving again. And that’s what we need. in the global marketplace. We don’t need a quick political promise Those workers I saw at Davidson and you out in a parking lot somewhere only to be in this business are the most efficient there forgotten when the southern tier of pri- is, and you can compete with anybody. And maries roll around. We need sound eco- don’t try to do it by shrinking world markets nomics, and this time I’m going to succeed and going into some siren call of protection because I believe I can get the American that threw this country into a depression people for me, in spite of the fact that we’ve back in the thirties. I’m talking 25 percent got some congressional leaders down there unemployment back in those days. Let’s not that are opposed every step of the way. set the clock back. Let’s continue to exer- I might say, Bill Zeliff is up for election, cise world leadership. We are the United all the Congressmen are; Bob Smith, not. States of America. And I am not about to But if we had more Senators like Bob Smith give up on world leadership. and Warren Rudman and Congressmen like And to those cynics out there, these polit- Bill Zeliff, we would not be facing the ical newcomers hitting this State for the first spending out of control and the problem time, let me say this: I won’t apologize one that we’re having in stimulating the growth minute for the fact that your kids and my of this economy. So, my prayer for Christ- grandkids might just have an opportunity, mas was give me a Republican Congress

103 Jan. 15 / Administration of George Bush, 1992 while you’re at it, and then watch what we economy. I believe I can do it. can do. [Laughter] We’ve got a lot of other programs out Let me just give you some standards if there: antidrugs, proeducation, anticrime you do watch that State of the Union, what legislation that’s hung up. We need a good, we need. A real growth package must stimu- new financial—we didn’t get a chance to late investment that’s needed to create jobs. talk about this—but financial reform legisla- We’ve got to encourage risk-taking. We’ve tion that’s going to modernize our banking got to encourage business people to take system and make it far more competitive, risks. which means more loans, more affordability The second one: It’s got to stop the slide for people that are borrowing. There’s a in real estate values. For most Americans, wide, tremendous agenda. But the underly- their home is a large part of what they own, ing theme here in this State is get this coun- a large part of their assets. And if those try back to work again. real estate values go down, people have lack And some guy over here at the first stop of confidence in the economy. We’ve got at Pease—and I’m interested in this eco- to find things, and I’ll make some proposals nomic development for Pease Air Force in the State of the Union, that’s put under- Base. You can take a hit that comes from pinning under that and says to a person: the results of—actually, having to peel back The investment you made in your home is at Pease is the fact that we’re succeeding sacrosanct, and we want to keep that value in terms of world peace and less defense so you and your kids will have that value for the rest of your lives. spending and all of that. But there’s hard- Thirdly, it’s got to give people the con- ship with it. So, I want to see the success fidence that the costs of health care—and of the economic development program at here’s a specialty where your company has Pease, and I want to be a part of it. I under- been absolutely superb, leading in the stand the people around there. I know a health care field—that the costs of health lot of people around there. And we should care, the costs of education, the costs of help that area, and this gets close to it, help raising a family are affordable. them in economic redevelopment. And then the last point: It’s got to make The guy over there at Pease—a woman, America more competitive. And that leads actually—she said something about a coun- you, of course, to a sensible and sound edu- try-western song about the train, a light at cation program, and we’ve got a very good the end of the tunnel. I only hope it’s not one in a program we call America 2000. a train coming the other way. [Laughter] And then I also think it’s about time that Well, I said to her, ‘‘Well, I’m a country the Congress get its house in order, that music fan. I love it, always have.’’ Doesn’t they live by the same laws that you and fit the mold of some of the columnists, I me and other Americans are asked to live might add, but nevertheless—[laughter]—of by. And I’m going to be challenging them what they think I ought to fit in, but I love to do a little reorganization in Congress it. You should have been with me at the itself. CMA awards at Nashville. But nevertheless, So I want to restore the faith of this coun- I said to them, you know, there’s another try in the future. As I say, we lifted up one that the Nitty Ditty, Nitty City Great— the spirits of this country with your help. [laughter]—that they did, and it says, ‘‘If And some of you all probably served in the you want to see a rainbow, you’ve got to Storm. And don’t let the revisionists, don’t stand a little rain.’’ We’ve had a little rain. let these smart alecks that opposed it from New Hampshire has had too much rain. A day one come back a year later and try to lot of families are hurting. take it away from you, the American people. The answer—Barbara cares, and I care— It was a clear, solid victory. It reversed the the answer is we’ve got proposals that will Vietnam syndrome; it gave us pride. And help. They’re not quick fixes; they’re not now I want to take that same sense of lead- things that are going to garner a political ership and, again, solve the problems that vote only to fall on your face a couple of have been plaguing this Nation and the weeks later. Stay tuned to the State of the

104 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / Jan. 15

Union, and if you agree with me, spread the Episcopal Church are here; I hope so. the word. But I said to him this: ‘‘You’re on to some- Lastly, I need your help. I am here to thing here. You cannot be President of the ask for your vote. I will take, as I say, my United States if you don’t have faith.’’ Re- share of the blame for things that have got- member Lincoln, going to his knees in ten off track in this country. But I under- times of trial in the Civil War and all that stand. And I want to get them back on stuff. You can’t be. track. I’d like a little credit for the things And we are blessed. So don’t feel sorry that have gone right. I think of New Hamp- for—don’t cry for me, Argentina. We’ve got shire as a State that understands what we problems out there, and I am blessed by Bushes mean when we talk about family and good health, strong health. Geez, you get faith and family values. I think people un- the flu, and they make it into a Federal derstand when Barbara hugs an AIDS baby case. [Laughter] Anyway, that goes with the or reads to a child. I think they understand territory. I’m not asking for sympathy, I just what we’re saying, and that is: Family is wanted you to know that I never felt more important. up for the charge. Everything I do in legislation I ask our I wish I could tuck each one of you for people, ‘‘Is this going to strengthen or is 10 minutes into that car as you ride along this going to diminish family?’’ Our child and see the reception that Judd Gregg care bill, I fought back the mandated bene- talked about that we’re getting as I return fits from the liberals, and I fought it back to this State that I do understand. And it’s because it would weaken the family’s been great. I’ll go back to Washington all chance to take care of the child care situa- fired up for tomorrow and tackle the Presi- tion in the way they think back. I want our dent or the Prime Minister of this or the school program to emphasize community Governor of that coming in. But I’ll have and family. I worry about these families that this heartbeat, vigorous and strong, because are broken up, ache for them, worry about of what I’ve sensed here today. them and want to do what we can, Barbara So now, listen, here’s the final word: Vote and I, as leaders in this country, to help for me. And listen, go listen politely. These strengthen family. guys, these executives, they’ve got to do And so I do understand New Hampshire their thing here and have fairplay for all. because I have this wonderfully warm feel- But don’t vote for them. Vote for me, okay? ing that New Hampshire feels exactly the Thanks a lot. way we do on these questions of family values and faith. Somebody said to me, ‘‘We Note: The President spoke at 2:11 p.m. in prayed for you over there.’’ That was not the cafeteria of the Liberty Mutual Insur- just because I threw up on the Prime Min- ance Building. In his remarks, he referred ister of Japan, either. [Laughter] Where was to Robert L. Laszewski, executive vice presi- he when I needed him? [Laughter] I said, dent of group markets, and Gary L. Coun- let me tell you something. And I say this— tryman, chairman of the board, Liberty Mu- I don’t know whether any ministers from tual Insurance Group.

Remarks to Cabletron Systems Employees in Rochester, New Hampshire January 15, 1992

You guys are fired up. Thank you very thanks for the welcome. I appreciate it. To much. What is it about the water around Craig and Bob, let me phrase it this way: this place? You guys just standing out here Who would have thought that I would be for 2 hours and being so darn nice. But standing shoulder-to-shoulder with two guys

105 Jan. 15 / Administration of George Bush, 1992 who but a handful of years ago had a dream ing for the last three State of the Union and who together, with some very able men Messages had been supported by more peo- and women I want to mention in just a ple like Senator Smith and Congressman minute, made this happen. Zeliff and Senator Rudman, we would have I mean, this is America, and it’s strong, this economy on the move. and it’s wonderful. And I am all fired up We can stimulate the growth through sen- and pleased with the reception here but, sible tax policy in this country, and that’s more important, pleased to see the quality what I will be proposing in the State of of the work and the pride in the work. It the Union once again. Then I’m going to just reinforces my view that we’ve got to look to the American people, including ev- resist this siren’s call of protection and con- erybody here: Help me. Help me get a sen- tinue to send our quality goods wherever sible program through this Congress that’s the market is, domestic or foreign. And I’m still back in the dark ages of Government going to keep on trying to open these for- intervention, liberal spending, and more eign markets to fairplay. And if we succeed taxes. That’s not what’s needed. in that, these goods are going to compete. I’m impressed with the spirit here, the They are quality goods. And I’ll tell you, creation of more jobs. And believe me, the that’s the strong lesson I’d take back to rest of the State can succeed if we give Washington, DC. them the proper support in Washington, I had a chance to chat with some of you DC, in terms of stimulation of the economy. all’s associates in there. And I will single out but two because I wrote down their I’m going to have to resist the siren’s call, names. But Dominique MacDonald and obviously, for protection. It’s coming at me Frank McWilliams—I don’t know whether from the right, way out on the right, coming you have to have a ‘‘Mc’’ to work in the at me from the left. But you guys—I forget quality end of this thing, but I don’t think what the export figures are here. They’re they were programmed by one of these ma- strong, 28 percent in something like 5 years. chines out here—both of them telling me That’s a tremendous growth. That means about how their fellow workers took pride jobs. And it isn’t just Cabletronics, other in what they were doing. And then you hear countries. And if we go back the protection Craig and Bob reflect this, too, the Tom route, why, we are simply going to dry up Selleck and the Arnold Schwarzenegger of markets and invite retaliation from other the high-tech world up here. countries. I was briefed on this visit by my longtime I got criticized for this trip to Japan, not friend and the able Governor of this State, just for throwing up on the Prime Minister. Judd Gregg, who I’m proud to say is run- [Laughter] You’ve got to admit when I get ning our campaign in this very important sick for 24 hours I do it with a certain flair, State, who’s with us here. I’m also pleased you know. [Laughter] But all that aside, that we have Bob Smith, one of the two some people—‘‘Well, the President great Senators from New Hampshire, and shouldn’t do this, hat in hand.’’ My eye. also Bill Zeliff, the Congressman here, and What I was doing was saying to these for- then Ed DuPont, the State Senate leader. eign leaders, look, give us a shot at these Let me just say this. I’m not up here to markets. We’re not asking for protection. assign blame. Look, I know some people We’re not asking for quotas like some of aren’t doing as well here as the people at this silly Democrat legislation that I’m going Cabletron. I’m sure people here have to have to knock on its—knock down when friends and family that they wonder whether I get back to Washington, DC. [Laughter] they’re going to have a job. So, I will accept What we’re asking for is access to the other my share of the responsibility as President guy’s market. of the United States. And I will state to And let me tell you something. I will you my determination to do everything I bring the same kind of leadership, world can to turn this economy around. But let leadership, we brought to Desert Storm to me put it in stark political terms. If the these economic questions around the world. growth initiatives that I have been propos- We will expand our markets abroad. And I

106 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / Jan. 15 will not listen to the protectionists. these instant fixes that takes this so-called You did it the old-fashioned way: You Federal money—that’s yours, incidentally, if took risks. You took pride. You built quality you’re paying taxes—and kind of spreads it into what you’re doing. And you can hold around out there in some giveaway fashion your heads up, and you can compete with that sounds good and has appeal but does anyone in the world. We’ve got to get that not stimulate the economy. So, we’re going spirit going across the rest of this country. to do what we can to have sound fiscal pol- And I really believe we can do it. Yes, times icy. are tough. And yes, unemployment is unac- And as I say, I sure would like to have ceptably high. But interest rates are down. your help. Spill it over into Maine, or spill Inflation is down, so you’re not being wiped it over into Massachusetts, so we can get out by the cruelest tax of all. And we are some more people in the Congress like poised now for a real recovery. those that are supporting me here and get I will repeat it for the third time today, the job done in Washington. I’m sick and but the first visit was over at Pease, and tired of a Congress that thinks old thoughts I want to see how we can assist in the eco- and can do nothing but try to tear down nomic development of Pease. We can make the President of the United States. We need something positive. We have to cut back some changes in the Congress, and I’m because we’re doing better in terms of going to fight for them. world peace. And because the way our sol- We made some progress on our Japanese diers performed in Desert Storm has now led to a more peaceful world, we’re able trip there. We got 49 nonauto standards, to cut back. That’s something that’s being these are standards just for access to mar- demanded, and I think properly so. And we ket, cleared up. That was good. We signed will have more to say about that in the State dozens of literal market-opening agreements of the Union. in these four countries that I visited. And But I want to help and take something I think that the business leaders who spoke that is a difficult situation and turn it around out and said, in the computer business, that and make it positive for the people of New we at least—we get them to keep the agree- Hampshire. And I believe we can do it. It’s ments, but that we’d broken into the Gov- happened in other parts of the world. Waco, ernment computer market. Here’s a figure. Texas, is a good place to look, and other We sell 40 percent of computers used in places that had great big installations. They Japan—are American because they’re were turned to civilian use, and they made good—and Government, Japanese Govern- real progress. So, we want to go forward ment, .04 percent. And what we think we’ve and help on that. done now, and the computer industry But we need to keep this spirit alive. And agrees, is to break into that market and in- over there at Pease this woman said to me, sist on fairplay. No tariffs, no subsidies also a country music fan like I am, and she needed, just the ability to let you guys that said, ‘‘Well, do you remember the song know what you’re doing compete. That was about the light at the end of the tunnel,’’ what this trip was about. And as I say, I’m and the song goes, ‘‘I just hope it’s not a going to stay engaged, stay engaged in this train coming down through the tunnel.’’ all the way. Well, good warning. But there is light at We’ve got some other blessings in this the end of the tunnel. And I told her my country. You won’t hear them in a primary. song that many of you have heard, ‘‘If you One thing, I’m a little tired of people telling want to see a rainbow, you’ve got to stand me that I’ve just found New Hampshire. a little rain.’’ My God, I was growing up around here New Hampshire stood a lot of rain. And before some of you guys were born and there is going to be a rainbow, because we certainly before some of these people that are America. We can compete. And I’ll take are now campaigning for President knew this case in the State of the Union, and where New Hampshire was on a map. I’ll spell out the incentives that I think are They’ve never been here before. They don’t smart. I’m going to have to resist some of know the heartbeat of it. When a hur-

107 Jan. 15 / Administration of George Bush, 1992 ricane hits Portsmouth, it hits my house up ell, Saddam Hussein would be in Saudi Ara- there, not so far away from here. And when bia, and you’d be paying 20 bucks a gallon I was going to school, we used to compete for gasoline. Now, try that one on for size. into New Hampshire. And my daughter-in- I’m getting sick and tired, I am, every law is from here. single night hearing one of these carping And one thing that really—I will clean little liberal Democrats jumping all over my this up for this marvelous audience—burns you-know-what. [Laughter] And I can’t wait me up, put it that way, is this charge that for this campaign. And if I decide to be- I don’t care. And I can understand it. Some come a candidate for President of the people think you get to live in the White United States—[laughter]—why, I’m going House, and you’re dealing with all kinds of to come right back up here and ask for world figures. But we do care. your help. At lunch this fellow asked me, he said, Look, there’s a lot of problems out here, ‘‘If you could get one message over to the a lot of things wrong with our country. But people in New Hampshire, what would it there’s an awful lot of things that are right like to be?’’ And I thought that you can about our country. Some people around help me with the fiscal program or open here that may have been old enough to re- up these markets or help us with crime or member the conflict of the Vietnam war. help us with our wonderful education pro- There are some people around here that gram. But I said to him, ‘‘Listen, I guess may have kids, parents—maybe in the 10th, the one message would be, both Barbara 12th grade—who wonder, ‘‘Hey, is my kid and I care. We think we understand your going to have to go off and do combat in heartbeat. When somebody hurts, we think a superpower war?’’; who go to bed at night we know enough about family to identify saying their prayers, as most families do, with that. And we care.’’ And then we can wondering about the fear of nuclear war. build from there in terms of where this That’s been diminished. I’ll take the blame country ought to go. It was one year ago, one year ago that for some things, but please give us a little Desert Storm was fixin’ to begin, as they bit of credit for the fact that your kids and say in another of my home States, Texas, my grandkids have a chance to grow up now one year ago. And you think back to the in a world that’s much more peaceful. And criticism—that goes with the job—from the that is fundamental. media, the columnists, ‘‘The President And the second thing I’d say is this: This hasn’t prepared the American people.’’ ain’t the easiest job in the world. But I Look back at the very people, some of didn’t expect it would be. But I love it, whom are running today for President, criti- every single minute, the challenge of trying cizing me for moving forces. Look back at to work for and hopefully improve the lot them telling me what I could not do as of the American people. Commander in Chief. And we did it. You And the longer I’m in this job, the more and I and those brilliant young men and important I think are the values that I think women did it. And we lifted the spirits of of as New Hampshire values, your family America. values, I hope they’re mine, of family, in- I want to take that same leadership and volvement of parents in the lives of these lift the spirits of America in the economy. kids, the need to do better in education, And we can do it if I can get some help the need for all of us to come together at in the United States Congress. That was the the community level or family level to knock difference. They ask me what’s the dif- out this scourge of drugs. And there’s some ference. Well, let me tell you guys. Let me good news on that in terms of the teenager tell you 250 mournful pundits what the dif- use of cocaine. There’s some good things ference was. I didn’t have to go ask Senator happening out there. Kennedy if I could declare war or go on But it’s family and, yes, faith. Somebody and move these troops. I didn’t have to. reminded me of Abraham Lincoln’s com- Listen, if I’d have listened to the leader ments about, during the Civil War, praying. of the United States Senate, George Mitch- Of course, you feel that way. These are fun-

108 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / Jan. 15 damental values. And we have tried to live [At this point, Cabletron Systems officers them. We have tried to emulate them. We presented a jacket to the President.] have tried to advocate them. Thank God, All right. Thank you all very much. That’s Barbara Bush is out there hugging those great. Thank you. kids and teaching people to read and serv- Thank you all very, very much. Good to ing, as she should, as an example to a lot be with you. I hope we can—how long have of people in this country of a caring person. you been standing out there? An hour? No political agenda, she just gives a darn. Two? Oh, no! A thousand apologies. But And so, I’ll roll up my sleeves and get really, it’s been a great day for the spirit. into the arena when they decide who they And I meant what I said. I am terribly im- want to have as their nominee. But in the pressed. And please keep doing this. People meantime, let me tell you this: I know how are learning; people understand. We’ve got I got there. I know how I got this oppor- some problems, but you’re showing we also tunity to serve as President of the United got some wonderful answers. Thanks a lot. States. And I’ve tried to be a good Presi- dent. Now, things aren’t so good in some parts of this country. And we do care about it. Note: The President spoke at 3:41 p.m. at But I believe there is a rainbow out there. Cabletron Systems, Inc. In his remarks, he And I need your help to prove it. So, I referred to company officers Craig R. Ben- would appreciate your support. But what- son, chairman of the board of directors, ever you decide, keep up this work. This chief operating officer, and treasurer; S. is the America’s spirit, alive and well and Robert Levine, president and chief executive flourishing. May God bless our great coun- officer; Dominique R. MacDonald, sales try. And don’t ever apologize for it. trainer; and Frank McWilliams, test man- Thank you very much. ager.

Remarks and a Question-and-Answer Session at a Rotary Club Dinner in Portsmouth, New Hampshire January 15, 1992

The President. Thank you all very much night. [Laughter] For those of you who will for that welcome back. Thank you, Cliff. remember 4 years ago, he delivered my Thanks to you and Bill and Don Reeves speech 4 years ago. But you’ve heard once and so many others. Captain Mark, thank again the story of my last visit here, and you, sir, for that lovely blessing. And you you wondered, well, was it the broccoli that have a wonderful way here of making a per- did it? And I appreciate Harry out here son feel at home. I can’t pronounce the working it out, and it is great to see so name of the river; I’ve been crossing it for many friendly and familiar faces, neighbors 66 years. But nevertheless—[laughter]—I and friends that I’ve gotten to know over would like to remind people that it’s been the years. many, many times they’ve gone across that Captain Mark, you were very nice to river. And there’s something about the air mention Barbara Bush, who believes in here. A hurricane that is designed to hit your work very much, has taken a leader- Portsmouth knocks the hell out of my house ship role in that cause, that wonderful cause in Kennebunkport—[laughter]—and I that she do the Lord’s work. I’m very sorry would like to speak to the Rotarian mete- that she’s not here. And if you really want orologist as soon as this is over. to make my day, please don’t ask why she But thanks for the warm welcome. Hugh didn’t come. Everybody is talking about, Gregg asked me to deliver his speech to- ‘‘Where’s Barbara? We miss her very, very

109 Jan. 15 / Administration of George Bush, 1992 much.’’ I told her I didn’t need her, I was this crowd I don’t have to tell you that I not going to throw up. [Laughter] haven’t just today discovered New Hamp- You guys, you talk about—hey, look, it shire. This is, Judd reminds me, the fourth was the 24-hour flu. How many people here time that I’ve had a meal at Yoken’s. And have had the flu? And I bet none of you that ain’t discovery time. I mean, that’s good have done it quite so dramatically. And I’d eating time. And I know it when I see it, like a loan because it cost a lot to dryclean and I like it. And I’m glad to be back on a suit over there in Japan. And the Prime the seacoast. Minister had a nice expensive one, used to Cliff Taylor pointed it out, and he said, have a nice expensive one. [Laughter] Sorry. well, a lot has happened in those interven- No, it’s been a great day and an exciting ing 4 years between the time I stood you day. One horrible disappointment, I was not up and the time I got invited back. Let able to stop by and see Evelyn Marconi at Geno’s Coffee Shop. She is a longtime sup- me just put it in a rather broad, ideological porter of flag and country, and I’m sorry perspective. Our world was locked back we missed her there. Glad that she’s all then, less than 4 years ago, in an enormous decked out and here with us tonight. Bill, struggle, in an ideological struggle, in what thank you again, sir, for arranging all this, you might call a nuclear standoff between and I’d say to you and the committee, on superpowers. And I think about the prob- relatively short notice, given—I think you lems we face in this State, the problems heard about it probably the day before we face in the Nation about the economy. Christmas. Then that period between then But let’s not lose sight of our blessings. and New Year’s, obviously, there’s other I happen to think that it’s a good thing that pursuits. Then this thing has just been a my grandchildren and this little guy over wonderful, warm response here. here can grow up in a world with less fear May I salute the Governor, of course, of nuclear weapons. And I am very, very Judd Gregg, my campaign manager here, proud of my predecessors in this great of- my friend of long standing, a quality Gov- fice for President who have brought this ernor, a decent guy. I am so proud to have about, and I’m proud of the record of our his support and the support, of course, of administration in help bringing about the my dear friend Hugh Gregg as well. changes that we enjoy in this world today. I’m glad that Bob Smith is at my side. We have a lot to be grateful for. And world He came in and took over for another peace is one of them. friend and supporter, Gordon Humphrey, You know, 4 years ago the world was lit- who is with us tonight. He is doing a superb erally under siege. And today, look any- job for you all, for this great State. Regard- where; look to our south; look over in East- less of party, he’s in there strong for the ern Europe; look at the Commonwealth, principles you believe in, in the United States Senate. I’m glad he’s here. And of meaning what used to be the Soviet Union, course, Bill Zeliff, with whom I campaigned and you’ll see that freedom is on the march. when he was first elected, doing a superb The Berlin Wall and the Warsaw Pact and job in the Congress. So, you have a great the Soviet Union itself, all vanquished, not delegation. I might also mention two other by force, not by force but by history’s most New Hampshirites not with us, both lead- powerful idea: the love of freedom. ers, one in the Senate now, Warren Rud- Today, the cold war is over, and a great man, a strong supporter, and of course, my victory for this Nation, our principled friend Governor John Sununu, who served United States of America, the Nation we this country with great distinction and this cherish, and a triumph to people every- State with great distinction. So, I’m proud where who look to us and will continue to to have the support of these leaders. look to us as the land of liberty, the land I think you’ve got to hand it to Yoken’s of the free. And believe me, everywhere you and the incomparable Harry MacLeod. go in the world they see that it is only the Who would have held a reservation for 4 United States that is the leader for freedom years? [Laughter] Hey, listen, I hope with and democracy and market economies and,

110 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / Jan. 15 indeed, for peace. gram? And what I told him, and what I I can’t help but note on this evening that hope has happened today, is that I told him one year ago, one year ago today, our com- we care. We care. Privileged as I am to mitment to liberty, our commitment to be President, Barbara and I are not isolated international law was put to the test. Sad- from the feelings of people in this State dam Hussein, who never in my view felt that are hurting. And that, I think, is an that we would use force—I think he important message. Friends have to know, thought that the Vietnam syndrome was and I think it’s important to the people that with us forever—he miscalculated twice. are hurting that their President knows and One, he didn’t think we’d use force, and the President cares. And in this case the secondly, he felt if we did use force, he President is going to do something about could have some kind of a standoff with it. the men and women of the U.S. military. Now, we’re getting back into the swing And he was wrong on both counts. He mis- of the political season. And you’re hearing took a voice of protest and a handful of a lot of people jumping all over me. I know editorials and a couple of speeches in the where New Hampshire is. I know what the Congress for the United States lacking the values of the families are in New Hamp- will. And he was dead wrong. Aggression shire, and I hope we’re practicing them in was set back, and our country came to- the White House as a family. I understand gether with a pride that we hadn’t had since what joins the people of this State together. the end of World War II. And I am very grateful for that. And you’re going to hear all kinds of I don’t know a single American, regard- cheap promises coming out of deep left less of party or philosophy, liberal or con- field, past the running track, up against the servative, who doesn’t in his heart of hearts fence in the left field, offering a quick fix or her heart of hearts celebrate the changes to a troubled economy. And my appeal to that have taken place and, really, the hope, you today is: Resist it. Do not listen to those the hope they bring to the entire world. that want to enlarge the deficit and in the But I also know that it is very tough to name of that try to make this economy refocus on what’s happening thousands of cover. miles away when things are tough here at I have offered growth incentives, growth home, and when the company work force proposals for 3 straight years. Now we’re shut down. Bill and I were talking about going to take those, build on them, look this today, about the hardship for some of into that lens, and tell the American people the families in this State. Something else, 2 weeks from now this is what it’s going the fear that some have, some that have to take to get this economy going, how jobs, they lack the confidence they’ll have we’re going to stimulate investment, how them tomorrow; the worry that families we are going to stimulate savings, how we have on the economic front. It’s very hard are going to keep this Federal deficit under when you have these concerns and these control as best we can, and how we can worries to take a look at the big picture do it without this tax-and-spend philosophy and say, ‘‘Well, we ought to be very thankful you’re hearing about every single day in this for a world at peace.’’ And I understand State. that. I vowed I would come over here tonight Hard times have come to this State. A and be calm, but I’ll tell you something, guy at a luncheon today—I sat next to some I’m a little sick and tired of being the of the workers at one of the plants, and punching bag for a lot of lightweights he asked me a question that you might ex- around this country yelling at me day in pect would be an easy one. It wasn’t; it and day out. And I’m sick of it. If they was a tough one really. But he said, ‘‘If want a fight, they’re going to have one. I you could leave one message from your vis- mean it. its here in New Hampshire today, what If they want to do something for the mid- would it be?’’ And I thought about it. dle class, rich against poor and all that, pass Should I tell him it’s for fighting crime, or the incentives that I’m talking about. It will should I tell him about world peace, or get this country and this State back to work. should I tell him about our education pro- That’s my challenge to them, and

111 Jan. 15 / Administration of George Bush, 1992 that’s going to be the challenge to the entire What is? Carefully defined incentives to Nation. I’m going to try and work my heart increase investment, to increase research out to do my level-best. And I hope I’ve and development, to build so we can be dispelled with the idea that we don’t care, competitive in the educational field so that because we certainly do. people can save, use some incentives to You hear a lot about the talk of the do- save, use incentives to build some strength mestic agenda. We’ve got a good one. We’ve under a person’s home. A home is one’s got a child care bill, and it passed finally, castle, and one of the reasons there’s lack that says hey, let the parents choose. Let’s of confidence, families see the value of their keep the families strong. Let’s not mandate homes going down. I saw mine blown away all these benefits from Washington, DC, up here, but nevertheless—[laughter]. No, whether it’s a health program or a child they see the values going down, and there care program. Let’s strengthen the family are things we can do on that. And so, let’s by giving them the opportunity to decide do what will help, not do what sounds good what’s the best way to deal with these kids. We have a new education program, tran- for garnering votes in a hotly contested pri- scends party lines. We got together with the mary on the Democratic side of the agenda. Democratic and Republican Governors; we Then there’s another point. Sorry I came adopted the strategy, six education goals, to this one because I will get wound up. not to be dictated from Washington, six I’m talking about protection. I’m talking education goals. Starts from be ready to about the siren’s call from the extreme right learn—that means Head Start, and that was and the extreme left in the political spec- one Washington can help—ends up with trum saying, ‘‘Look, people are hurting, and you’re never too old to learn. That means what we’re going to do about it is go back old guys like me learning to use a computer, to isolation and protection.’’ You want a rec- and some of you other old guys around here ipe for disaster? That is it. We will shrink going over to the library maybe and reading this economy. We will throw 35,000 more a book. It wouldn’t hurt any of us. [Laugh- people out of work in New Hampshire, and ter] we will be cutting off our nose to spite our But it means you got math and science, face. volunteer tests to let your kids know how The answer is to expand markets. And they’re doing. It’s a wonderful new pro- what our trip to Asia was about was not gram, and it revolutionizes the schools. And managing trade. You get a lot of egghead it does it without setting a lot of mandates academicians writing, ‘‘This guy’s deserted from these subcommittee, tired subcommit- the free trade.’’ That’s not the case. All I’m tee chairmen in Washington, DC, that saying is, look—and I saw it today in the haven’t had a new thought in the 50 years workers I saw—we can compete with any- they’ve been sitting there. one, but we need fair access to the other I’m getting a little tired of this. I hate guy’s market. And I am not going to stay to unload on you again. Last time. I heard two of the Democrats get up the other day home and keep from fighting to open these and they said, ‘‘Heck with holding the line markets. I’m going to keep on doing it until on the budget deficit. Forget about it. we are successful. We’re going to propose spending $50 billion And for those that want us to pull back more Federal money.’’ If you haven’t dis- into some isolationism a la the 1930’s, take covered it, that’s your money. Comes right a look at world history. You don’t have to out of your pocket whether you’re working be a rocket scientist to see what that led or not around here. Federal money, $50 bil- to. The United States, as long as I am Presi- lion. Forget the one constraint we have and dent, is going to stay involved and continue that is the caps on spending that are in that to lead around the world. budget agreement, just forget it, and then What I really want to do is try to take the we’ll spend our way back to prosperity. That leadership that I think and hope we demon- is not going to solve the economic problems strated in Desert Storm, that lifted the spir- of this country. its of this country and brought this country

112 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / Jan. 15 together unlike any time since the end of that. World War II, brought it together, and take And in conclusion, let me say this, just that now and apply that to the domestic a couple of confessions to friends. And this economy to get the support from the Amer- will go to the Democrats who may have ican people for incentives that will give us been smart enough to join Rotary, too. that vibrance and that feeling of optimism [Laughter] No, but I really mean this one that we, the American people, pride our- from the heart in the sense that some selves on. things, at least the way I look at this—and And I believe we can do it. And one of again, I’m concerned in this country about the reasons I do is I think there are some the decline in family. And I don’t want to sound things in place now. Yes, there are be preachy or lecturing, but Barbara and some people hurting; unemployment is too I talk about this a great deal. high. Inflation is pretty good. Interest rates In the first place, I’m pretty proud of her. are down. Inventory is not bad. The market When she hugs a baby or teaches somebody is saying, hey, things are going to be looking to read, why she’s saying something. But better. And I’m always one who likes to what I will continue to try to do as Presi- see the glass half full and not so pessimistic dent is to look at the legislation and say, and half empty. And that’s the way I am. does this help or does this diminish family? No, I’ve listened to what the people of The longer I’m in this job, and I say this this State have to say one way and another. to you as a friend, the more convinced I And today it was an excellent visit back to am, Cap, maybe you understand this, that this State that I believe I understand, whose family and faith are terribly important ingre- heartbeat I feel. And I would just encourage dients for being President of the United you all to avoid the quick-fix bumpersticker States. I believe it. I feel it very strongly. slogan that tells you there is some easy way. Obviously, I believe in the separation of There isn’t an easy way, but there is a church and State, but I understand from sound, sensible, economic approach. And I having been tested by a little fire what Lin- believe that what I have suggested and will coln meant when he talked about spending continue to work for is the answer. some time on his knees. We are one Nation, You’ve got to stimulate investment to cre- under God. We are a strong, free Nation ate jobs. You’ve got to stop that slide on that believes in certain principles. Barbara real estate values so that you increase home and I have tried very hard to live up to sales. You’ve got to give Americans con- those kinds of principles and those kinds fidence that the cost of health care, provid- of values. ing for the kids’ education, and raising a family are affordable. And I will be unveil- Now I need your help to continue in that ing a national health care program, but be- effort to help make things better for the lieve me, it is not going to have a lot of people of New Hampshire and the people mandates or turn to some foreign country all the way across this State. And whether for an example. We have the best quality you vote for me or not, may I thank you health care in the world, and I don’t want for this unforgettably warm reception. I’ll to diminish that. What I want to do is make never, never forget it. it more affordable for everybody. May God bless you all. Thank you very And then we’ve got to be able to com- much. pete. Whatever it is, whatever the fix is, Q. Mr. President, I know you’re a little it must make us more competitive in the pressed for time, but we normally end with global economy. And fifth and finally, and a couple of questions. maybe the most important, you’ve got to The President. Does that mean two? control the most unproductive end of our Q. If I limit it to two. society, and that is Government spending. The President. Sure. We have got to keep the caps on and en- Q. A couple of questions? force them on wasteful Government spend- The President. Yes. ing. And I need more people like these Q. We have a microphone set up some- Congressmen to help me do just exactly where up front here. Yes, right there. Step

113 Jan. 15 / Administration of George Bush, 1992 right up to the microphone, Bob. homeowners our property values have dropped, and because of that banks won’t The Economy approve our refinancing because we don’t Q. Mr. President, welcome to the south- have the 20 percent equity that we need. side of the Piscataqua River. This question, Now, as a country we’ve given loan guar- we are in a political year and a recession antees to Israel, Russia, and other countries year. How can we get both parties together around the world. What do you think about to solve the recession problem? the possibility of giving loan guarantees to The President. In the State of the Union middle class Americans like myself so that Message—frankly, it’s tough. You put your banks could then approve our loans, we finger on why. We’re in a competitive politi- could refinance at a lower rate, and then cal year, all kind of weird dances going on put that mortgage money back into the out there. And that’s the way it always has economy at little or no cost to the Govern- been and probably always will be. ment? But I think the economic problems are The President. We have Government fi- serious enough, and I think the answers are clear enough, that what I will try to do as nanced loans that I hope are of some help. President is say in the State of the Union I will be making proposals in this State of Message: Look, here’s what I think it will the Union, again, that I hope will do what take. Now, let’s lay it aside for just long you’re talking about, put some value under enough to pass a program. And then if you the person’s largest asset, and that is the guys got one you think is better, come on home. And there are ways to do that. One we’ll talk about that and debate it and nego- of them is through the IRA system, for ex- tiate it. And if I’ve got some additions that ample. So, listen carefully and see if what I think would help but can’t put into this I propose won’t be a long step. first go-round and get done, why, we’ll de- Whether we can do what you’re asking bate all that. We’ll go back to our political or not, I’ve said I want to hold the line posturing and yelling at each other and on spending and keep it within the caps. making outrageous claims about each other. I’d have to, to be honest with you, know But the American people deserve that exactly what the total cost that would be politics be put aside right after that State if that was applied nationwide. I think we’re of the Union Message to get something talking about jillions of dollars. But I think done that’s going to stimulate this economy there are ways to put value under a person’s and help the families in this country. And major asset. And you’re right, the decline I’m going to try it. And I’ll give it my level- and the pessimism has come because real best shot, and I hope you’ll find that there estate has been so slow. will be some cooperation. Things can hap- Now, if we’re honest with each other, I pen in the Congress if they make up their think you’d admit and I certainly will, that mind they want to move. I know Bob Smith some of the lenders in the real estate busi- will tell you that. And I know Warren ness, whether it’s S&L’s or banks, made would. And I know Bill Zeliff would tell loans that they might not ought to have you that. made under more prudent, cautious times. So, this idea that you have to have endless And we got away from our standards. So, subcommittee hearings and have to defer I think that there’s plenty of blame to go and bow to some other committee that has around on all this, and one result of that jurisdiction, the American people are a little has been some excesses in the regulatory bit tired of that. They want congressional field. action, and I will do my level-best to see And some of the bankers and some of that they get it. those savings and loan people are saying, Who’s got the last one? ‘‘Wait a minute. These regulators come in Q. Mr. President, lower interest rates are and scare the heck out of me and my great to get the economy going again. If loans,’’ and they pull back. So, we’re trying I could refinance my home at 8 percent to do a better job on the regulation front, it would save me almost $300 a month. Un- not to be reckless, not to be accused of fortunately, like many New Hampshire going back into some S&L crisis again but

114 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / Jan. 16 try to have reasonable balance. On the one The President. Thanks so much. May I hand protecting the financial institutions, make one correction here? First, thank you seeing that they’re safely and prudently run, very much for this picture of the Harbor and secondly, on protecting the rights or Light and Nubble Light, and that means the well-being of the borrower, the guy that a lot. And I, as you know, love this coastline. needs to do what you’re talking about, to But I said, I was going home to see my refinance or whatever it is. dog and my wife. [Laughter] May I, with So, we’re making a little progress. I’m not your permission, may I change the order. satisfied we’ve gone far enough. But where I just don’t want to have any misunder- I agree with you is, let’s get some value standing. [Laughter] under a man and woman’s major asset. And Thank you very, very much. that major asset is a person’s home. You talk about strengthening the family, homeownership, that’s one of the things we’re Note: The President spoke at 7:37 p.m. at working hard to get through instead of these Yoken’s Restaurant. In his remarks, he re- massive Government projects, homeowner- ferred to Portsmouth Rotary Club president ship. That’s a good way to strengthen it, William Holt and members Clifford Taylor and what you’re suggesting makes a good and Don Reeves; Capt. Mark Weaver of the deal of sense in terms of strengthening the Salvation Army, who led the dinner prayer; family and in strengthening the assets. Harry MacLeod, owner of Yoken’s Res- So listen, that’s two. I’m heading back to taurant; Evelyn Marconi, owner of Geno’s DC to see my dog and my wife. Thank you Coffee Shop; and former Senator Gordon all very, very much. Humphrey of New Hampshire. A tape was [At this point, Don Reeves presented a gift not available for verification of the content to the President.] of these remarks.

Appointment of D. Cameron Findlay as Deputy Assistant to the President and Counselor to the Chief of Staff January 15, 1992

The President today announced the ap- of Columbia Circuit. pointment of D. Cameron Findlay, of Indi- Mr. Findlay received a bachelor’s degree ana, as Deputy Assistant to the President from Northwestern University and a mas- and Counselor to the Chief of Staff. ter’s degree in philosophy, politics, and eco- Since 1989, Mr. Findlay has served at the nomics from Oxford University, which he Department of Transportation, first as Spe- attended as a Marshall scholar. He returned cial Assistant to the Secretary and then as to the United States to study law at Harvard Counselor to the Secretary. From 1988 to University, where he received his J.D. Mr. 1989, he was a law clerk to Associate Justice Findlay was born September 7, 1959, in Antonin Scalia of the U.S. Supreme Court. Chicago, IL. He is married to a law school From 1987 to 1988, Mr. Findlay served as classmate, Amy S. Findlay, and they have a law clerk to Judge Stephen F. Williams one child. They reside in Alexandria, VA. of the U.S. Court of Appeals for the District

115 Jan. 16 / Administration of George Bush, 1992

Statement on the Anniversary of Operation Desert Storm January 16, 1992

One year ago tonight I spoke to the lated, unable to impose its extremist policies American people at the moment an inter- on the region or the peace process. Never- national coalition acting under United Na- theless, the American people and I remain tions authority went to war to end Saddam determined to keep the pressure on Saddam Hussein’s brutal occupation of Kuwait. We until a new leadership comes to power in can all take pride in the results of that ef- Iraq. As was the case from the outset, our fort: Kuwait is liberated, and the legitimate quarrel is not with the people of Iraq but government restored; the fires set by with the dictator whose misrule has caused Saddam’s retreating army are extinguished; terrible suffering throughout the Middle the flow of oil from the Gulf is secure from East. We will maintain U.N. sanctions and political and economic blackmail; much of keep Saddam’s regime isolated, a pariah Iraq’s arsenal is destroyed, and what re- among nations. We will work to ensure ade- mains is now under international super- quate food and medicine reach the Iraqi vision; and the United Nations has been people under international supervision, greatly strengthened. while denying Saddam the means to rebuild The determination and strength dem- his weapons of mass destruction. onstrated by the United States and its coali- We salute the efforts of thousands of tion partners has had lasting dividends brave Iraqis who are resisting Saddam’s throughout the region. A critical region of rule, both inside and outside of Iraq. The the world, vital to its economic well-being, United States reiterates its pledge to the is secure. Thanks in large part to our efforts, Iraqi people and the Iraqi military that we direct peace talks between Arabs and stand ready to work with a new regime. A Israelis are underway for the first time, mul- new leadership in Baghdad that accepts the tilateral negotiations on regional arms con- U.N. resolutions and is ready to live at trol have begun, and America’s hostages in peace with its neighbors and its own people Lebanon are home. will find a partner in the United States, one The coalition fought a limited war for a willing to seek to lift economic sanctions limited but vitally important purpose. It and help restore Iraq to its rightful place prevailed. Saddam’s Iraq is weak and iso- in the family of nations.

Remarks on Signing the Martin Luther King, Jr., Federal Holiday Proclamation in Atlanta, Georgia January 17, 1992

Thank you for that warm welcome, and the Nation, our Secretary of HHS, Dr. Lou thank you, Mr. Hill. And let me just tell Sullivan. He is doing a superb job for our you, sir, how pleased I am to be a part Nation. And after he heard the successful, of this program today. It’s, of course, a wonderful rendition of the Morehouse Glee pleasure to have flown down here and to Club, these guys that came and swept into be at the side of Coretta Scott King and Washington at the Kennedy Center Honors all this wonderful King family, sitting here and carried the day in a magnificent na- and here. It takes me back to a couple of tional performance, after Lou heard them other visits to this historic center that I’ve here today he now is claiming that he, too, been privileged to make. was a member of the Morehouse Glee With me also today is one well-known to Club. [Laughter] the Atlanta community, now well-known to And when Maynard Jackson, the distin-

116 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / Jan. 17 guished Mayor and my friend, heard them, to do what he knew to be right. And be- he also claims to have been a member of cause he could express what he knew with the Morehouse Glee Club. It’s the first time such passion and such eloquence, the Amer- I’ve heard this. But nevertheless—[laugh- ican people awakened to the promise of civil ter]—I salute both of them, and both, one rights for all. here in the city of Atlanta, one in Washing- And today, thanks in large part to Martin ton, and thus across the Nation, doing a Luther King, Jr.’s work, we have a battery wonderful job for our country. of laws dedicated to a colorblind America. Let me just say, flying down here with We have a renewed commitment from Gov- my dear friend Newt Gingrich, who is with ernment to enforce the basic rights of its us, a Member of the United States Con- citizens. And I’m proud that two significant gress, we talked about the center, and we civil rights bills have become law since I talked about a lot of things of national inter- was President: the ADA, the Americans est. And then I said, ‘‘Well, Newt, how’s with Disability Act, and the civil rights bill it going in Georgia?’’ And he said, and I of ’91. Perhaps most marvelous of all, don’t want to get him in trouble because there’s been a sea change, there’s been a this is a nonpartisan event, but he said, change in the hearts of many Americans ‘‘Governor Miller is doing an outstanding who set aside old stereotypes and old preju- job for this State.’’ And Zell, I’m very dices to embrace the values that Dr. Martin pleased to see you here, sir. Luther King, Jr. beseeched us to embrace, And Reverend Roberts, I appreciate those the values of tolerance and decency and words. I do believe that you can’t hold this mutual respect. job if you don’t look to God for guidance. I feel strongly about that, and I appreciate At the heart of these values, as Dr. King those kind words of guidance in your invo- knew, is the family. And I am struck, Mrs. cation. King, by how often in our conversations to- It is for me an honor to stand here at gether you have stressed the importance of this living memorial in Martin Luther King’s family life. Barbara and I feel it in our own hometown, steps from his birthplace and his lives. And think of the problems that afflict pulpit, to talk about the promise of his life. so many American communities today, We all know of his eloquence: the letter homelessness and crime and drugs. Yet, from the Birmingham jail, and then no one these are not so much isolated problems will ever forget the ‘‘I Have A Dream’’ as symptoms of one great problem, and speech. They moved us with their hope and that’s the decline of the family. For far too love and with the abiding faith that Dr. many of our children pass through life with- King had in the American people. What you out the goals larger than themselves, with- have done, Coretta, if I may, with this glori- out a sense of their own worth or the worth ous living memorial, serves to remind us of others, without the values that only the of the courage with which Martin Luther love of a parent or a grandparent can instill. King overcame hatred and mistrust. It’s too Yesterday, purely coincidentally, I met easy for us, almost a quarter of a century with the mayors who lead the National after his death, to forget the loneliness of League of Cities. And some were from great that struggle. big cities like Los Angeles; Trenton, New Think of the early days of the movement Jersey. Some were from hamlets and tiny when organizers of the Montgomery bus cities, Plano, Texas, a city of 3,000; another boycott called him to be their leader. In one in North Carolina. And some were his book, ‘‘Stride Toward Freedom,’’ he Democrats, and some were Republicans. wrote of sitting alone at the kitchen table But every single one of them agreed— one night during the lonely time and saying they’d met before I met with them—that aloud, ‘‘I’ve come to the point where I can’t the urban problems stem in large part from face it alone.’’ But almost at once his fear the weakening of the family. And this prob- and his uncertainty began to melt away. An lem, this terrible weakening of family, is not inner voice, as he called it, an inner voice just somebody else’s problem. It demands spoke to him, and it told him to continue something from each of us.

117 Jan. 17 / Administration of George Bush, 1992

Martin Luther King taught us that each member that one of the first goals of the of us is called to serve, regardless of per- civil rights movement was as basic as can sonal circumstances. And each of us can be: quality education for all. We’ve made serve. On the last night of his life, before enormous progress, thanks in large part to that terrible day in Memphis, Dr. King told Martin Luther King, in removing the legal a story that I do think of often—visiting barriers that blocked progress for minority the Holy Land when he was a young man, Americans. with you, Coretta. Happened to travel the But let’s face it. Regrettably, other kinds road from Jerusalem to Jericho, the same of barriers remain. For instance, the dream road where the Good Samaritan stopped, of quality education remains an unfulfilled the Bible teaches, to help a stranger. The promise for too many of our children. And road was rocky and full of blind curves. And now, our America 2000 education program as he traveled, Dr. King realized that the will help lift up those kids who have been reason others failed to stop to help the left behind. stranger was that they were afraid. Others I want to stop here also to salute two had asked themselves, ‘‘If I stop to help great leaders in American education, Dr. this man, what will happen to me?’’ But Keith of Morehouse and Dr. Cole of the Good Samaritan asked himself, ‘‘If I Spelman. With leaders like this, we are, in don’t stop to help this man, what will hap- a sense, inspiring new generations. And I pen to him?’’ The joy of personal service also want to salute and honor Dr. Gloster, is that it is open to all. who was previously the head of this great The other day I met with Magic Johnson institution represented here today not only in the Oval Office, and I was impressed by Dr. Sullivan but by these magnificent with the way that he has now dedicated his young people. life to others, not only to those with HIV Yes, too much prejudice, racism and anti- but in educating those who are at risk. And Semitism, and blind hatred still exist in our he’s been very honest, been very forthright land. Martin preached something different, about this tragic issue. He’s out there right but they still exist in our land. And as Presi- now teaching kids that lifestyle matters, life- dent, I’m trying and all of us must try and style is important. He’s admitting, ‘‘Well, I must pledge to root out bigotry wherever made some terrible mistakes.’’ Now he we find it. Speak out in whatever commu- wants to get the message out. nity you are. Every day, Mrs. King, you and I want to help. I want to use the bully your colleagues here at this center train pulpit of the White House, continue to use young people that the way to counter hatred it for that same purpose, to speak out for and ignorance and prejudice is peacefully, strong research, to help people better un- with nonviolence, with compassion, with derstand the disease, and to speak out for love and service to others. a change of behavior. That is the honorable, noble continuation Anyone who visits AIDS clinics, inciden- of your husband’s work. He taught us the tally, as Barbara and I have done, can’t help difference one man can make in a country but be struck by the dedication, the selfless dedicated to the ideals of brotherhood. He dedication, and Lou knows what I’m talking saw an America that was like the welcome about, Dr. Sullivan does, of the countless table the spiritual speaks of, where all doctors and the nurses and the researchers Americans can eat and never be hungry, and the volunteers who understand the drink and never be thirsty. With your con- human face of AIDS. tinuing commitment and help, we will meet When Barbara holds an AIDS baby in her these great challenges and make real the arms, she’s trying to express that same mes- dream of Martin Luther King. sage, a message of compassion and service. Thank you all very much. Now it is my There are so many ways to serve. With her honor for the United States of America to interest in literacy, she’s tried to impress sign this proclamation. Thank you. upon people the importance of reading to kids, broadening their horizons, expanding their young minds. And it’s important to re- Note: The President spoke at 10:29 a.m. in

118 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / Jan. 17

Freedom Hall at the Dr. Martin Luther Hugh M. Gloster, president and former King, Jr. Center. In his remarks, he referred president, Morehouse College; and Johnetta to Jesse Hill, Jr., chairman of the board, B. Cole, president, Spelman College. The Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr. Center; Rev. proclamation is listed in Appendix E at the Joseph L. Roberts, Jr., senior pastor, Ebene- end of this volume. zer Baptist Church; Leroy Keith, Jr., and

Remarks Announcing the Job Training 2000 Initiative in Atlanta January 17, 1992

Let me say it’s been a joy to be back No one, young, old, or in between, can in Atlanta. I was privileged to be over at hope to reach their dreams without sharp- the Martin Luther King Center, pay fitting ening their skills and mastering the tools and appropriate tribute to that great leader, of thought. That’s the idea behind our over- and now have an opportunity to be here. all national education strategy, America I want to single out again, to those who 2000. And it’s the impulse behind the initia- weren’t over there, Secretary Sullivan. Dr. tive that I’m announcing today, Job Training Sullivan is the Secretary of HHS, the largest 2000. Department in the Federal Government, Job training must be more than merely and doing a superb job. And for you kids, make-work. It’s got to suit the needs of the he’s from Morehouse Medical right here workplace and the marketplace. And the and went to Morehouse. So, we’ve got an private sector will always bear primary re- Atlanta man running this enormous part of sponsibility for training the workers it needs the Federal Government and doing a su- to get the job done, the unions here taking perb job at it. a very active and critical role in all of this. I was so pleased to have been greeted But government at all levels can and must by the Mayor, who I don’t think’s here right play a role, to use a word that’s well-known, now, and the Governor, both of whom gave as catalysts in this process. me a warm welcome, one to Georgia and And we are. Right now, the Federal Gov- one to Atlanta. I want to salute the Private ernment’s commitment to worker training Industry Council of Atlanta members who spans more than 60 programs, 7 Federal have taken the time to be with us. Pleased Agencies, resources totaling some $18 bil- to be joined by Alvin Darden, members of lion a year. Well, we’ve got to make certain this effective CATALYST team, now on that these funds are spent to maximum ef- their coffee break. [Laughter] fect, and that’s where Job Training 2000 I’ve come here to Morris Brown College comes in. It’s the product of hard work of in the center, the Atlanta University center, our Vice President and of Secretary of to see this wonderful work in progress and Labor Lynn Martin, of our Education Sec- to announce a pioneering new approach to retary, all these working together trying to job training, a program that I call Job Train- express a commitment to this country’s fu- ing 2000. Programs like the CATALYST ture. project highlight just how critical job train- Job Training 2000 rests on four corner- ing is to the American economy, to Amer- stones: First, the creation of a 21st-century ican competitiveness, and yes, to the Amer- training system. Job Training 2000 creates ican dream. a one-stop shopping center for job training, As a Nation, America’s ability to prosper coordinated by private industry councils all in the century coming up rests on our col- across the country. It will move us away lective capacity to learn new skills and test from the heavy hand of bureaucratic overkill the limits of our potential. On an individual to a system that allows greater freedom for level, what we learn defines who we are. the private sector and local govern-

119 Jan. 17 / Administration of George Bush, 1992 ments to shape programs that work. I’ve loans that they need to keep pace with the been asking that question, ‘‘Does this challenges of the 21st-century workplace. work?’’ And each person I’ve asked said, This program is our plan to capture the ‘‘This one works. It’s effective.’’ spirit of programs like the ones that I’ve Second, this program will help ease the been privileged to see today and bring that transition from welfare to work, from de- innovative Atlanta approach, if you will, to pendence to independence. Under Job every American community. Training 2000, we’ll dedicate more than $20 Let me say to the young men and women million to demonstration projects to place that I’ve met today: Not long from now, welfare recipients in permanent jobs. And these four walls will house the new Project then we’ll enlist market forces to break the CATALYST Center. But what you’re build- welfare dependency. A substantial portion ing here is far more than a work of bricks of the money government saves as each new and mortar or plaster or paint. This renova- worker leaves welfare behind will be shared tion is a symbol of the larger commitment with the company that helped that person of this community to generate opportunity get a job. for the people who call it home. And thirdly, this program will ease the So once again, my congratulations on the transition from school to work. Job Training future that you’re building here, on the op- 2000 will encourage voluntary apprentice portunity you’re giving the young people programs for high school students, combin- here. And my thanks to the CATALYST ing quality education, on-the-job training, team for showing me around this site. And and mentoring. This approach will help thanks to all of you, whether you’re in city these apprentices keep their options open government, State government, market- to pursue their education or, alternatively, place, business, labor unions, whatever, for to enter the work force as they wish. the fine work you are doing, the example Fourth and finally, Job Training 2000 pro- you’re setting. motes lifelong learning. Job Training 2000 And now, back to work. [Laughter] Ham- establishes lifetime training and education mer time. Thank you all very much. Thank accounts, enabling the Federal Government you all very, very much. to provide the average American tens of thousands of dollars’ worth of education and Note: The President spoke at 11:52 a.m. at training over the course of his lifetime. Job the Ventures in Community Improvement Training 2000 will create a kind of passport classroom on the campus of Morris Brown to continuing education, making it easier for College. In his remarks, he referred to Alvin people of all ages to receive grants and Darden, coordinator of Project CATALYST.

Nomination of William O. Studeman To Be Deputy Director of Central Intelligence January 17, 1992

The President today announced his inten- Planning Group at the Department of the tion to nominate Vice Adm. William O. Navy, 1984–1985. In addition, Vice Admiral Studeman, USN, to be Deputy Director of Studeman served as commanding officer of Central Intelligence. He would succeed the Navy Operational Intelligence Center, Richard J. Kerr. 1982–1984, and executive assistant to the Currently Vice Admiral Studeman serves Vice Chief Naval Operations, 1981–1982. as Director of the National Security Agency Vice Admiral Studeman graduated from in Fort Meade, MD. Prior to this, he served the University of the South (B.A., 1962); as Director of Naval Intelligence, 1985– George Washington University (M.S., 1973); 1988, and as Director of the Long Range Naval War College (1973); and National

120 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / Jan. 21

War College (1981). He was born January U.S. Navy. He is married, has three chil- 16, 1940, in Brownsville, TX. Since 1962, dren, and resides in Fort Meade, MD. Vice Admiral Studeman has served in the

Remarks at a Head Start Center in Catonsville, Maryland January 21, 1992

Maryanne Anderson, thank you so very And he was right. much, not just you but everybody that has We face a great challenge today in making given us this very warm welcome. May I America a country that will lead not only salute our Secretary of Education, who is in the 1990’s but in the 21st century, lead, with us. Were you introduced before I the leadership in education. This mission in- walked in here? Stand up, come on: Lamar volves many things. And next week when Alexander, the Secretary of Education for I deliver a State of the Union Message, the United States. Lou Sullivan, right here, you’ll see that we’ve been doing some hard is the Secretary of HHS. And most of you thinking about how to fulfill this uniquely know him by his works, but Lou, I guess American destiny. And one of the keys is you were greeted. to make sure that this generation of young And may I single out Congressman Helen Americans, like these young people here Bentley, who flew over with us on Marine today, are prepared to lead. One. Here she is, over here. And I would And in a word, that demands educational be remiss if I didn’t especially single out excellence. As many of you know, we’ve my friend, your Governor, Don Schaefer. launched a comprehensive strategy to radi- We have these national education goals, cally transform, radically transform Ameri- and then we have a group of Governors, ca’s schools. And yes, we’ve set high goals. nonpartisan, come together, all of them as And the first goal is this, and I mentioned a matter of fact, to endorse them. And to it earlier: By the year 2000, every American implement these goals we have a program child must start school ready to learn. that Lamar is working so hard on—Lou Many children need a head start, and helping, I’m trying to help—called America 2000. And I think you and Maryland can we’re going to make sure they get it. Today take pride that your Governor was the first I’m pleased to announce that we’re taking one on and has been an early advocate of a large step toward meeting that first crucial goal one, or the whole program, first one goal. In the budget that I’ll submit later on board, and secondly, a very early advo- this month, I will ask Congress for a $600 cate of Head Start and this early learning million increase in Head Start, the largest concept. So I appreciate, Governor, your increase ever. And we’ve fought for in- taking the time to come here in that spirit. creases the last 3 years, but this one is the And I salute the parents without whom largest ever. It’s the third straight one, as this program cannot work to its fulfillment, a matter of fact. Increasing funding for parents, parental involvement, and we saw Head Start has been a priority with me, that. And I salute the parents, not only here with Dr. Sullivan, with Secretary Alexander but out there, who are doing so much to and others for a long, long time, certainly get these kids ready to learn. for the teachers, the dedicated teachers that Last Friday, I had the privilege of visiting we’ve seen here today. the living memorial to Dr. Martin Luther And in 1989, just a little review here, we King in Atlanta, went down there with increased funding over 1988 levels, as well Coretta Scott King. And contemplating the as in 1990 and then again in 1991. And legacy that Dr. King left for us all, I was these funds will allow every eligible 4-year- struck once again by the immense impor- old child whose parents want them to par- tance that he placed on quality education. ticipate to have the Head Start experience He called it ‘‘the passport to a better life.’’ before starting school, every eligible 4-year-

121 Jan. 21 / Administration of George Bush, 1992 old. And when Congress approves my re- ents. Governing councils give parents the quest, and I’m confident they will go along, opportunity to set the program’s direction. we will have more than doubled the pro- Head Start brings parents right into the gram’s funding over the past 3 years. classroom and into the learning process. Of course, in education as in other fields, And they attend child care workshops, and Government is just one part of the larger they learn how to prepare well-balanced solution. Real progress in America comes meals. And all of these serve to reinvigorate from strong families and communities, from those family values that are the true key committed individuals binding together in to a happy, wholesome, and productive life. common purpose, whether it’s a church Head Start works. It’s not perfect. We’re congregation opening a day care center in committed to making a good program bet- its neighborhood or parents taking a little ter. Over the past 3 years we’ve made sure extra time to read to their children. these increased funds best serve the needs No Government program alone can guar- of families. We’ve made family service cen- antee that children start school ready to ters part of Head Start to provide substance learn. No Government program can take abuse counseling, job training for parents the place of parents and of communities who need them. And we’ve encouraged that nurture the children who otherwise every Head Start program to offer adult lit- might have been left far behind. But in eracy classes for Head Start parents. Head Start we found a Government pro- But our greatest challenge lies in ensuring gram that works, that works to strengthen that when children leave Head Start ready communities and families for the future. to learn, they enter an educational system Time has proved that Head Start brings where they can learn. We’re helping with out the best in us. And last year, more than the head start; let’s make sure that they 800,000 Americans gave of themselves by cross the finish line too, prepared to be the volunteering in a Head Start program. That leaders of the next century. is an amazing figure. You can see it right I really was very pleased to be here today. here at the Emily Harris Head Start Pro- And I’m honored that I’ve had a chance gram where the entire staff, including vol- to see firsthand the work that the teachers, unteers, make sure their young pupils get the parents, the community is doing to sup- the skills that will stand them in good stead port this worthwhile program. It is an exam- for the rest of their lives. They learn about ple for the rest of our Nation. So, thank getting along; they learn about sharing with all of you. others, about independence, about self-con- And let me say in conclusion, thanks for fidence. the kids. I learned an awful lot about bath- Every parent here knows that Head Start tub toys; about how to work the tele- is really more than education. It provides phone—several of them know their own hot meals, ensures that children receive im- phone numbers; preparation to go to the munizations and access to needed social dentist; and a lot of things that I’d forgot- services, health and dental care. Dr. Sulli- ten. [Laughter] So, it’s been a good day. van, whose Department does such a splen- Thank you all very, very much. did job in administering Head Start, knows from personal experience the importance of nurturing the body as well as mind. Note: The President spoke at 10:05 a.m. at And most of all, Head Start is about fam- the Emily Harris Head Start Center. In his ily. Head Start couldn’t be the success it’s remarks, he referred to Maryanne Anderson, been without the direct involvement of par- Baltimore County Head Start director.

122 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / Jan. 22

Statement by Press Secretary Fitzwater on the Death of Rose Bowen January 21, 1992

The President and Mrs. Bush extend their Secretary and Mrs. Bowen became close sympathies to former Secretary of Health friends of the Bush family. President Bush and Human Services Otis Bowen upon the spoke with Secretary Bowen today to ex- death of his wife, Rose. As a member of press his sympathies. the Cabinet in the Reagan administration,

Memorandum on Transportation of Humanitarian Assistance to the Former Soviet Union January 21, 1992

Memorandum for the Secretary of Defense by reference section 301(b) of H.R. 3807 as passed the Senate on November 25, Subject: Transportation of Humanitarian 1991. Assistance to the Former Soviet Union 3. The authorities and duties of the Presi- Pursuant to the laws of the United States, dent under section 301 of H.R. 3807 as including section 109 of the ‘‘Dire Emer- passed the Senate on November 25, 1991, gency Supplemental Appropriations and and referred to in section 109 (except the Transfers for Relief From the Effects of designation of emergency relating to fund- Natural Disasters, for Other Urgent Needs, ing addressed in paragraph 1 and the direc- and for Incremental Cost of ‘Operation tion addressed in paragraph 2) are hereby Desert Shield/Desert Storm’ Act of 1992’’ delegated to the Secretary of Defense. (Public Law 102–229): You are directed to publish this memo- 1. I designate as emergency requirements, randum in the Federal Register. pursuant to the terms of the Balanced Budget and Emergency Deficit Control Act GEORGE BUSH of 1985, as amended, the full amount for which section 109 provides. [Filed with the Office of the Federal Reg- 2. Effective upon satisfaction of applicable ister, 4:26 p.m., January 24, 1992] congressional notification requirements, I Note: This memorandum was released by direct the Secretary of Defense to transfer the Office of the Press Secretary on January funds under section 109 as it incorporates 22.

The President’s News Conference January 22, 1992

Secretary of Transportation Nominee level give him the unique background for The President. Let me just say that I am serving the Nation’s transportation interests. nominating Andy Card, Andrew H. Card, He’s a friend of many years who started Jr., to be the Secretary of Transportation. his career as a legislator in the Massachu- His distinguished career in government setts House of Representatives. I have val- service at both the State and the national ued that experience often in the last 3 years

123 Jan. 22 / Administration of George Bush, 1992 here in Washington. for a middle-income tax cut? And are you As Deputy Chief of Staff, he has offered going to cut the Pentagon budget by $50 wise and loyal counsel on legislation, on billion? And are you going to break the management of Federal programs, and on budget agreement? intergovernmental relations. Scores of peo- The President. Helen [Helen Thomas, ple from all walks of life know him as the United Press International], you have 6 days White House manager who will listen to to wait for answers to all those questions. their concerns and get things done. That’s So, I’m not going to now start taking specif- true here. That’s true on Capitol Hill. ics on the State of the Union. I’m confident And I also want to express my apprecia- that what we suggest will be widely re- tion once again to Sam Skinner for his ex- ceived, well-received by the American peo- pert and dedicated stewardship over at that ple. I think we’re transcending politics. So, Department, culminating in the landmark I’m confident what I propose will have Transportation Act. He was known over strong support from all elements on the Re- there for his foresight and innovation, and publican side—— he’s brought that same energy, distinctive Q. How about the conservatives? energy, to the White House. The President. ——strong support there. Our Nation’s transportation system faces And I think we’re going to have a very good many important challenges in the years package. But we’re going to eschew some ahead. And a vast new highway system is of the pure political approaches. We’re taking shape under the Surface Transpor- going to try to do something that will stimu- tation Act that was just signed into law. late the economy and avoid these things Whether it be in aviation, railroads, mass that may have strong primary political ap- transit, shipping, or the Coast Guard, I peal but would hurt the economy in the know that Andy Card’s leadership will be long run by shooting interest rates up. So, an important ingredient in providing the just stay tuned, and I’ll give you all the an- most effective transportation system pos- swers to that one. sible. Q. Can I follow that on a nonspecific—— I look forward to having him in this im- The President. Yes, you can. portant position on the administration team, Q. Do you agree with those who say, even look forward to having him as a valued from among your own party, that you really counselor and member of the President’s don’t have a message that you’ve presented Cabinet. And he will do a first-rate job at so far? Transportation, just as his predecessor did. Thank you very much. Andy, do you want The President. No, I don’t agree with equal time here? them. Mr. Card. I’m honored and quite privi- Q. Why not? leged to be part of the President’s team, The President. But I think the State of and I’m flattered that he would choose me the Union will give us a strong opportunity to be part of his Cabinet. I look forward to get it across. Because we’re in a political to working with the other members of the season, Ann [Ann Compton, ABC News]. Cabinet, with the rest of the Bush adminis- And I point out what we’ve done in various tration, and I want to carry on the fine tra- areas, the benefits of a transportation bill, dition that Secretary Skinner brought to the what we’re doing in terms of a brand new Department of Transportation. education program. And it’s pretty hard Mr. President, I’m proud to be part of when you’re out there getting hammered your team. Thank you. by the—the only way for the opposition to The President. We’re scooting over to the win in the political season is to tear down State Department for an event. But maybe the President. The American people see I should take a question or two. I know that. you’re all interested in this appointment. So, what I’ve got to do is get out and above all that by this State of the Union State of the Union Message and then following up vigorously, which we Q. Mr. President, are you going to go will do.

124 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / Jan. 22

Japan-U.S. Trade Agreements away with the constraints on spending. Peo- Q. Mr. President, there’s concerns from ple are tired of all this Government spend- comments from Prime Minister Miyazawa ing. They want to see the caps on the and other industrialists in Tokyo that there spending held. That program would have may be some backsliding in Japan on agree- done away with the caps, give everybody ments they made during your trip. What a tax cut. And interest rates shot up the is your reaction? very next day. The President. I was pleased with the cor- So, our proposal will try to avoid that kind rection or the comments coming out of of politically popular approach, but will Japan yesterday. I was not pleased with the focus on those things that will encourage statements that challenged the ability of jobs, investment, savings, whatever. American workers. I have full confidence Q. Mr. President, you talked a few min- in the American workers’ competence, their utes ago about political opponents tearing ability. I do think that our products have apart the Presidency. to be competitive, and there’s no question The President. The President. about that. But we’ve got the best workers Q. The President. in the world. So, when I saw a statement The President. To some degree the Presi- challenging that, I was upset. dency, the President. But I was also pleased when I saw a reaf- Q. But Republican conservatives are tear- firmation of these goals that were estab- ing apart your economic advisers. They’re lished, and we’ll have more to say on that, saying they haven’t been bold enough. on a computer agreement that has had There are reports that you’re considering strong support, and I’ve seen very little cov- some kind of staff shakeup. First of all, have erage on that. It’s a very good agreement. the proposals not been bold enough? Are And the Japanese have every intention of you going to become more bold in that ap- fulfilling that agreement. proach? And do you have a shakeup in the So, you know, I hope they don’t judge works? American policy by some of the outrageous The President. One, I feel confident that statements I’ve seen against them. And I we’ll have strong support in our party. won’t judge Japanese policy by some of the There’s some, one or two out on a real outrageous statements I’ve seen against us. fringe running around up there, that might You need a steady hand here. You need find it difficult to support me for political to build on the progress we’ve made. reasons. I mean, we all know we’re in a political season. But I think the broad num- Economic Growth Initiatives bers of Republicans in the House and in the Senate will be supportive when they see Q. Mr. President, you used much the what this package is. same words that you used this morning, es- What was the second part? chewing a political approach, avoiding something that would send interest rates shooting up—— The President. Right. Q. ——earlier this, or last year, in saying White House Staff you would oppose a broad, general tax cut. Q. Staff shakeup. Can we construe from your comments today The President. Well, anytime you have a that you will oppose a middle class—— new Chief of Staff, I tell him, ‘‘Hey, take The President. You just have to wait and a look at the structure here; see what we see. But I’ll stay with what I’ve said here can do to do a better job.’’ We’re moving in terms of definition of our approach. And into a very complicated and difficult year. I think it will be well-received. And what And I have full confidence in the people it will do is to target growth of jobs in this around us, but whether there will be some economy. And I saw last year one program, structural changes that will facilitate one I forget which it was, on the Democratic end or another of our responsibilities, let’s side that was just kind of a broadly—do wait and see.

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Aid to the Commonwealth of Independent restricted funds on all of this. So, I think States we’ll have a good answer over there. Q. Mr. President, on the C.I.S. con- Q. Do you feel Americans don’t under- ference you’re about to host, a number of stand the need? European countries are complaining that The President. No, I think Americans do the U.S. is not in a good position to lead understand the need, particularly, I hope, this because this country lags behind the the way I’ve explained it here. And I think rest of the world in aid for the Soviet in Congress most people seem to. They un- Union. The French, in particular, have been derstand we have a big stake in the peace- outspoken. Do you feel they have a point, ful, democratic evolution of the Common- and do you anticipate adding more to the wealth. I think it’s an enormous stake. And U.S. contribution? whether it’s popular politically or not, I The President. Look, it’s always been a mean, we’ve got to continue to conduct our- hallmark of U.S. foreign policy, and I think self as the United States of America and of the heartbeat of this country, that if peo- not knuckle under to every political charge ple are hurting, health reasons, famine, food from right or left. I mean, it’s in a funny reasons, that the United States is willing to time now, as we all know. And I’m going help. So, I would anticipate our stepping to keep a steady hand on this and do our up and trying to do as much as we possibly very best. And we’ve got a good program. can. We have already made significant con- The last one. tributions. And I’m very proud that we Q. Mr. Burbulis, who’s the Deputy Prime have. That’s the heartbeat of our country, Minister, this morning in an op-ed piece trying to help people, home and abroad. in the Washington Post is asking for signifi- And so I would expect that we’ll do some cantly more money, specifically 6 billion for more. But what we’re doing now over at a type of stabilization program and another State is making sure everybody understands 6 billion for food and medicine. What is what really has been done. And yes, I’ve your reaction to that? seen some comments out of the EC, for The President. I’ve just given my answer example, that they’ve done more. I don’t to it here. I can’t comment. One, I didn’t think it’s a question of who’s doing the see his comment. And secondly, we are in most. It’s a question of each country in touch with the Soviet, the Russian leader- there doing its best. And I’m very proud ship, the leadership of the republics at the that there’s such fine attendance for this highest level. And I’ll take a look at what coordinating conference here. And we will he says, but I can’t comment on a story do our level-best to help. I haven’t seen. But I gave the answers to We’ve got enormous problems here that what we want to try to do here. need attention, but we’re not going to change the view that when people are hurting the United States ought not to help. Economic Growth Initiatives And we do have a big stake in this, in the Q. You’ve promised a dramatic economic success of the democracies in the Common- growth plan in your State of the Union, but wealth. We’ve got an enormous stake. the Democrats are already planning their And isn’t it better to send some money own growth plan. The Democratic can- to help people who are hungry or perhaps didates have already planned a press con- need medical attention than it is to be ever ference the night of your speech. How likely increasing your nuclear weapons, one do you think it is that you’ll actually get against the other? We’re living in an exciting cooperation from Congress? age where this country has much less to The President. I think the American fear from nuclear weapons. And I am very people want action. I think they’d like to proud that we have made a real contribu- think that even in an election year we can tion to that. lay politics aside long enough to get some- So, we’ll do what we can. But we have thing done to help the American people. and I think everyone around the world has And yes, the Democrats control both

126 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / Jan. 22

Houses of the Congress. And I think the now challenge the Congress and ask the American people see that there’s blame to American people’s support for a sound be shared all around on all of this. package. It won’t have everything I’d like But I will make the strong view that, to see get done, I’m sure, but I think in ‘‘Hey, this is a tough one, but let’s try to that spirit, maybe we can get something ac- get something done that’s going to get this complished. country back to work, that’s going to create Q. You’ll set a deadline, sir?‘ jobs.’’ And we’ll see. That’s the approach The President. You wait now and see I’ll take. And I will resist and fight against about this message. things that won’t do that, that will make the situation worse. And I’ll fight very hard for things that I think will make it better. Note: The President’s 119th news conference And indeed, looking back over my shoul- began at 8:40 a.m. in the Briefing Room der, I just wish that the growth initiatives at the White House. Gennadiy Burbulis was that I’ve been proposing for 3 years had First Deputy Prime Minister of the Russian been passed by the Congress. And so, I will Federation.

Remarks at the International Conference on Humanitarian Assistance to the Former U.S.S.R. January 22, 1992

I would first start off by saying I got For nearly 50 years, throughout most of bawled out by the Secretary of State for the adult lives of almost everyone in this being late. And my position is: I’m not late; room, mankind endured a dangerous global you guys are early. conflict, the cold war. It divided continents But I just want to give a warm welcome and peoples and held all countries hostage to the United States and to Washington, our to the possibility of nuclear annihilation. Capital, to the many distinguished guests The free world rose up against that threat in this room today who include foreign min- posed by Soviet expansionism in the dec- isters and senior officials from 47 countries, ades after the Second World War. We spent the United Nations, major international fi- hundreds of billions of dollars and sacrificed nancial institutions, and other major inter- precious lives and national resources in that national organizations. great struggle. We come together this morning as part- With the revolution in Eastern Europe ners at a historic time, a turning point in in 1989 and in the Soviet Union in 1991, our century and, I think, in modern history. that mortal threat has withered. And with Our mission is to respond together to the the dissolution of the Soviet Union itself dramatic revolution that swept away Soviet just last month, we find ourselves at the communism and left in its place 12 new entryway to a new world, a world of hope nations moving to establish their place in for a lasting peace and growing prosperity. the world and struggling with the critical Led by a courageous President, Boris task of feeding, clothing, and housing their Yeltsin, reformers have come to power in peoples this winter, this spring, and beyond. the enormous Russian Federation. Ukraine Before you discuss these issues in depth has won independence, and the government over the next 2 days, I wanted to take a of President Leonid Kravchuk holds out the moment to reflect on the meaning of these promise of a new political and economic events in the former Soviet Union for those order. In Armenia, a former prisoner of of us in North America, in Europe, the conscience, President Ter-Petrosyan, has Middle East, Africa, Latin America, Asia, led an extraordinary national effort to trans- the Pacific, in all corners of the globe. form his country’s economic system and lib-

127 Jan. 22 / Administration of George Bush, 1992 erate its people from political oppression. Second, we must also meet the challenge And in Central Asia the same stories, as of promoting economic growth and develop- President Nazarbayev, President Akayev are ment of new free-market institutions leading the fight for reform there. A new through a collective international effort to day has dawned throughout the Common- provide technical assistance. Our work will wealth of Independent States, with hope for be critically important to help the new a fundamental transformation in the way States construct banking and taxation sys- people live and work and think. tems, to provide a healthier environment, As we begin a new year and chart our to promote the rule of law and, yes, nuclear course for the rest of this decade, let us safety. bring equal commitment to the challenge In short, we must support those who are of helping to build and sustain democracy standing up for reform and freedom. We and economic freedom in the former should stimulate concrete investments and U.S.S.R., just as we did to winning the cold expanded trade. President Boris Yeltsin’s war. Let us help the people throughout the courageous economic reforms deserve our Independent States to make the leap from support, as do efforts in the other States communism to democracy, from command to introduce economic change. economies to free markets, from Our success or failure will hinge on our authoritarianism to liberty. And then let us ability to work effectively together on this pull together to win the peace in this post- common cause. The challenge is too great cold-war era. We should not underestimate the enor- for any one nation or group of nations. It mity of this challenge and the difficulty of is a global challenge requiring the efforts unraveling economic dislocations resulting and commitment of nations from all over from over 70 years of Communist econom- the world. And your presence here, a truly ics. Ultimate success or failure rests square- remarkable presence, is vivid testimony that ly with the efforts and wisdom of the peo- this is and must be a global coalition. Noth- ples of Russia and the Ukraine and the ing else can work. Caucasus in Central Asia. The battle is real- As we come together during these 2 days ly theirs to win. But they cannot win it and then certainly in the months ahead, let alone. These 12 new countries will need the us do so constructively, in the spirit of part- hard work, creativity, and good will of all nership, avoiding sterile debates over which of our countries from every continent. one of us has done the most or the least And that is why we meet today, to assure and which should lead our response to this that our commitment and assistance will be historic challenge. All of us have a role and up to the task, well-conceived and effi- obligation to fulfill. And many of us have ciently executed. And we meet to dem- already undertaken concrete actions to help. onstrate to the peoples in these new States The European Community has shoul- that the international community cares dered a major and generous share of the about them and supports their hard struggle burden. Its prompt actions over several to build new societies on the ruins of com- years to provide humanitarian support were munism. vitally important, and its commitment to a So, let us join together to give these peo- vigorous technical assistance program is far- ple a reason to hope. Let us commit our- reaching and most welcomed. Germany selves this morning to work in full partner- alone has assumed enormous responsibility ship as we proceed. in providing military housing and in chan- First, we must continue to act resolutely neling credits to the former U.S.S.R. and this winter, this spring, and then throughout now to the Federation, to the Russian Fed- 1992 to meet the critical emergency needs eration. Other EC governments have made of these States, food and medical supplies important contributions. The Atlantic alli- and energy and shelter. The shortages now ance stands ready to help with the knowl- evident throughout the 12 States will not edge that the peoples of the former soon disappear and will require sustained U.S.S.R. are moving toward the same values attention, our sustained attention. that have sustained NATO since its birth.

128 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / Jan. 22

It is especially satisfying to see here today In closing, I would like to reiterate the our friends from Central and Eastern Eu- importance of seizing this moment to com- rope as the pioneers in discarding commit ourselves individually and collectively to munism and embracing democracy. You are an opportunity that may not come our way here as symbols of success. And though you again in our lifetimes. The prospect that our still face problems yourselves, the world ap- former adversaries may become our friends plauds your willingness to help freedom and our partners, this is in the national in- elsewhere. terest of every country represented around The challenges before us require efforts this table and those countries that are not not just from Europe but from other re- represented around this table. gions and countries as well. Japan has made By coordinating our efforts toward com- important contributions, commitments and mon goals, we have a chance to reshape will be critical to this effort. And now other the world for our children and for genera- nations in the Far East and the Middle East tions to come. And if we do not, we risk and Latin America should commit their ex- the reversal of the historic leap to freedom pertise, their resources to assure the success made by the Russian, Ukrainian, Armenian, of reform. and other peoples during these last months. And I can assure you today that the So, let us work together over the next United States, which for so long has led 2 days to promote our national and collec- the struggle to contain communism, is also tive security, continued global economic contributing its share so that democracy is growth, and to do what is right for the ordi- its permanent replacement. For over 40 nary people who yearn for a better, free years, we have led in the reconstruction and life in these new Independent States. defense of the free world. And now that Thank you all very, very much for being the torch of liberty has sparked freedom here. I know it is not easy to make the among our former adversaries, the greatest long trek. It is desperately important. Thank good of our long labor is at last visible. you for this opportunity to speak with you The U.S. cannot and will not falter at the today. And may God bless the peoples of moment that these new States are struggling all the countries represented here and the to embrace the very ideals that America was peoples of these new, struggling Independ- founded to foster and preserve. Accordingly, ent States. We have such confidence that as a further U.S. contribution to this urgent we can succeed, all of us working together. worldwide effort, I am proposing that the Thank you all very much. Congress approve over $600 million for new technical assistance and humanitarian ef- Note: The President spoke at 9 a.m. at the forts. In addition to the assistance already Department of State. In his remarks, he re- announced, this will bring to over $5 billion ferred to President Nursultan Nazarbayev the level of various forms of U.S. assistance of Kazakhstan and President Askar Akayev to these people in their time of need. of Kyrgyzstan.

Remarks to the Citizens Democracy Corps Conference January 22, 1992

This is strictly a cameo appearance, a post, unless I missed one, was to what used drop-by. I would ask these distinguished to be the Soviet Union, and did a great panelists to excuse the interruption and let job. Then, of course, Ambassador Polansky, you return to your regular program in just the CDC’s Executive Director. a few minutes. But I’m delighted to see In less than 2 years, this Corps, this Citi- Ambassador Hartman here, who served his country with such distinction; most recent

129 Jan. 22 / Administration of George Bush, 1992 zens Democracy Corps, has proved to be Earlier this morning I went over to the an idea ahead of its time. The first mission State Department, meeting with representa- was to reach out to the newly independent tives of over 47 nations. I think 40 of them nations of Eastern and Central Europe. And are at the foreign minister level. They’re today, the CDC’s mandate extends not only all now focusing on the urgent question of to the nations in the old Soviet bloc but humanitarian aid for the former Soviet to the Baltic States and then even to the Union. Look, our country has always helped former Soviet Union itself. when people need food or medical atten- Let me also welcome a couple of others: tion. We’ve always tried to do our level- Cooper Evans, that worked long and hard best to help people in need around the in this building after he served with such world, and this should be no exception. distinction in the Congress, a good friend And today I proposed that Congress now of long standing; Diane Butterfield, who I approve an additional assistance, $600 mil- know is doing a lot of efficient work with lion in technical assistance, in humanitarian the staff, modestly standing over here. And aid to help the people of the Common- I’m told, but I don’t see him right here, wealth of Independent States. At the urging that Max Kampelman was here. Was he, of many in this room, we have stepped up, or not? Well, he’s supposed to be here— and we have tried to do our part with sev- [laughter]—and tell him he’s got three de- eral billion dollars of food aid arrangements. merits for not being here—[laughter]—be- We have a tremendous stake in the success cause I was going to say something very— of Russia and, indeed, of the other mem- where is he? Hey, Max. Anytime they can bers of the CIS, of this Commonwealth of put Max Kampelman in the back of the Independent States. room in the shadows, there’s something wrong with the way this thing is set up. But I came here to make the point that But let me just say I’m grateful for his par- obviously you all understand, and that is ticipation. And like Art Hartman and others that Government to Government is only here, he really worked hard for human part of the overall equation. Bringing the rights and for peace and for all the values former Soviet Republics into the community that all of us believe in so strongly. George of free nations is a task that can never be Soros is here, the president of the Soros accomplished by Government alone, par- Fund management. My thanks to all of you, ticularly now, particularly with this experi- all of you, for coming to Washington to take ence that’s taking place before our eyes. part in an effort that really can, literally, The move to market economy, the need to shape the history. remake, totally remake the financial institu- You meet at a critical moment. Right now tions, whatever it is, it cannot be done by in the lands of the former Soviet Union, Government alone. a new revolution is unfolding right before So, we’ve got to build the human contacts our very eyes. Millions of people have shed that give free government its real meaning. the dead weight of the Communist past to The countless exchanges that take place reclaim their heritage and their history, to every day among private individuals, they revive the powerful hope all people share help; and between businesses and labor, ter- of living in freedom. ribly important; the academic exchanges or This moment of great hope is also a time just contacts by our academicians making of terrible hardship, tremendous hardship. contacts with theirs, wherever that may be, Seventy years of the Soviet experience and terribly important. the implosion of the socialist economy have All the groups and organizations that give taken their toll, the harsh winter, empty life to a free society ought to be trying in shelves fueling discontent and threatening one way or another to interact. And that’s democracy’s great gains. The challenge now where each one of your organizations come for the newly independent States of the old in. That’s why I proposed the Citizens De- Soviet Union is to create a breathing space mocracy Corps. As I said back in the spring for free-market reform and democratic insti- of ’90 when it was announced, the real tutions to take root and grow. strength of democracy is its citizens, the

130 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / Jan. 22 collective strength of individual Americans. crumbling of the Soviet Union, not just in So, let me single out the work of one how we treat with the Commonwealth but group here today as a proof of the kind how we treat with other problems from the of difference that all of you can make. It’s Middle East to South America to wherever a project called Dakota Cares, sponsored by in the world. So we’ve got to stay involved the North Dakota Grain Growers Associa- as a Government, and I just wanted you tion. It started with one of the traditions all to know that I will do my level-best to of the American heartland, pitching in to keep the Government-to-Government pro- help someone in need, and transported that grams on the right footing. But the Govern- idea to people in need thousands of miles ment simply can’t do it, can’t do it all. We away. need your help, and we need your active Right now, Dakota Cares is moving 100 involvement. tons of flour to the people of St. Petersburg, And it is an enormously exciting period. each bag stamped as a gift from the State It’s a time of trouble, a time of great grief of North Dakota. Its ability to move that and worry for the people over there, human flour across the country, across an ocean, suffering. But we’ve got to look at it like and off the docks and into the homes of it’s a time of great promise, not just for people who need it is testament to our spir- democracy and freedom and free markets it, to the American spirit at its very best. in these things but for a whole new relation- That same spirit animates all the people ship between our country and these gathered in this room because you do rep- former—the one former adversary, parts of resent a cross section of American society, which we are trying to help now to the best people with the expertise and the energy of our ability. to help an old adversary make the transition So thank you very, very much for your to free markets and free government, peo- concern and your interest. And believe me, ple who show the world the true meaning you are engaged in something that is fun- of democracy in action. And I am very, very damental, fundamental to world peace. pleased to see so many American organiza- Thank you. tions, so many individuals so active in strengthening the forces of freedom and democracy. Note: The President spoke at 11:17 a.m. in Let me just say on the Government’s part, Room 450 of the Old Executive Office Build- we are going to stay involved. We’re in a ing to the Conference on Private Sector As- funny kind of tough year now in terms of sistance to the Commonwealth of Independ- priorities. But I must not and I will not ent States, sponsored by the Citizens De- neglect my responsibilities to do what I can mocracy Corps. In his remarks, he referred do as the President of this great country to Cooper Evans, member of the board of in mobilizing others to do the good work directors of Volunteers in Overseas Cooper- of government, to help where governments ative Assistance; Diane Butterfield, director can. I’m looking forward to seeing President of finance and administration for the CDC; Yeltsin, for example, when he comes here, and Max M. Kampelman, member of the talking about the problems that I’m sure board of the International Media Fund and many of you are talking about today. We member of the Executive Committee of the will stay actively and fully involved. American Bar Association’s Special Commit- Everyone is looking to the United States tee on the Central and Eastern European of America, to our leadership, since the Law Initiative.

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Teleconference Remarks to the March for Life Rally January 22, 1992

I admire your conviction and dedication back attempts by Congress to expand Fed- as you watch out for the most helpless eral funding for abortions. members of our human family. Much remains to be done as we reflect The most compelling legacy of this Nation upon the gift of life. So, let us redouble is Jefferson’s concept that all are created our efforts, both in public and private sec- equal. It doesn’t say ‘‘born equal.’’ He says tor, to encourage alternatives such as adop- ‘‘created.’’ From the moment the miracle tion. of life occurs, human beings must cherish And on a personal note, I find the figures that life, must hold it in awe, must preserve, on the numbers of pregnancies that are ter- protect, and defend it. It’s there in our Dec- minated by abortion simply unconscionable. laration of Independence that we are cre- So, thank you for what you’re doing, for ated equal and endowed with certain in- your heartfelt, selfless work. For 19 years alienable rights to life, to liberty, and to you’ve been tirelessly committed to a right- the pursuit of happiness. eous cause. And I am out there with you I want to reaffirm my dedication and in spirit. And may God bless you all. commitment to the simple recognition that Thank you very much. all life is a precious gift, that each human being has intrinsic dignity and worth. We Note: The President spoke at 12:13 p.m. are making progress towards this recogni- from the Oval Office at the White House tion, and I will continue to oppose and fight to rally participants gathered on The Mall.

Remarks at the Signing Ceremony for the Computer Trade Agreement With Japan January 22, 1992

The President. First, let me welcome For- that we had fighting for America, for Amer- eign Minister Watanabe of Japan and Ja- ican jobs, and for our own future, for Amer- pan’s able Ambassador to the United States, ica’s future. This agreement also highlights Ambassador Murata. And of course, well- why foreign relations have never been as known to all in this audience is our distin- important to our well-being at home than guished USTR, Ambassador Carla Hills. they are now. When we foster democracy I want to welcome the CSPP, the Com- abroad, when we strengthen our security puter Systems Policy Project member com- engagements with our allies and friends, panies which are represented here by this when we work to open markets and to ex- distinguished group. And in particular, I pand trade, we make a priceless investment want to acknowledge James Unruh from in our own children’s future. Unisys; Ronald Skates of Data General; Dick Iverson, the president of the American The promise contained in this agreement Electronics Association; and a special thanks is great. For example, in one segment of to CSPP Chairman John Scully, who regret- the computer market, mainframes, foreign tably is not with us today. companies have 41 percent of the overall And I’m proud to be here as we sign Japanese private sector market, but only .4 this path-breaking agreement for Japanese percent of the Japanese central government public sector procurement of American market. Ten years ago, Japan’s markets were computers. It’s just one of the highlights much more closed than they are now. And of our Asia trip. It illustrates the success 10 years down the road, they’ll be

132 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / Jan. 22 much more open than they are today as one, anywhere, anytime. I know we all have a result of constructive agreements like this that confidence in our workers. one. In the State of the Union Address, I’m In Tokyo, we were determined to ensure going to present my action plan to move that U.S. computer companies be allowed our economy into the 21st century. It’s an to compete fairly for the total Japanese gov- ambitious agenda for growth, and I’m abso- ernment computer market, estimated as a lutely confident that the American people $9 billion market. Since our own highly will join me in this vision for a new era competitive electronics industry employs 2.4 of expanded markets, growing opportunities, million American workers, this would mean peace, and prosperity. dramatic gains in exports and therefore in And overlooked to some degree is, with quality American jobs. So, we set as a top full cooperation from Japan’s Prime Min- priority working with the Japanese Govern- ister and their Foreign Minister, we signed ment to continue the process to open Ja- a very important growth agenda with the pan’s markets to free and fair trade. Japanese. It has broad economic implica- Ambassador Hills and our negotiators tions for the entire world. And again, sir, worked with stunning speed, and I am tre- I thank you for your personal role in that. mendously proud of our team’s steadfast We salute the hard work and determina- commitment to open markets and fair com- tion between our two Governments that petition. And as a result of their concerned brought about this landmark agreement. effort and the hard work and cooperation More than 150 years ago, a British politi- of our Japanese friends, especially by my cian, Lord Macaulay, made an observation good friend Minister Watanabe here, this that could still guide us today. He said that remarkable agreement will help propel our free trade is ‘‘one of the greatest blessings nations together into the next century of which a government can confer on a peo- global marketplace. ple.’’ And I think with the signing of today’s High-tech trade benefits our consumers, agreement, Japan and the United States strengthens our industries. And we have both give their people a gift for the future. representatives from America’s computer This relationship between Japan and the industry here today. They know how impor- United States is very, very important, and tant our successful negotiations will be to I plan to keep it with very, very high their future, and they’ve said so publicly in priority. commending this achievement. And now, Minister Watanabe, with thanks We’re entering an entirely different eco- to you, sir, for taking time from your other nomic world than the one we grew up in, busy schedule here, welcome, and we’re just a new age of American competition in a delighted to have you here. fiercely challenging global marketplace. Agreements like these are only the first step; the next step will come as American Note: The President spoke at 2:10 p.m. in businesses meet worldwide challenges. And the Roosevelt Room at the White House. they will succeed because as long as that Ambassador Ryohei Murata of Japan and playing field is level, American workers, I U.S. Trade Representative Carla A. Hills think, can outcompete and outproduce any- signed the agreement.

Message to the Senate Transmitting the Spain-United States Legal Assistance Treaty January 22, 1992

To the Senate of the United States: consent of the Senate to ratification, I trans- With a view to receiving the advice and mit herewith the Treaty on Mutual Legal

133 Jan. 22 / Administration of George Bush, 1992

Assistance in Criminal Matters between the assistance available under the Treaty in- United States of America and the Kingdom cludes: (1) the taking of testimony or state- of Spain, signed at Washington on Novem- ments of witnesses; (2) the provision of doc- ber 20, 1990. I transmit also, for the infor- uments, records, and evidence; (3) the exe- mation of the Senate, the Report of the De- cution of requests for searches and seizures; partment of State with respect to the Trea- (4) the serving of documents; and (5) the ty. provision of assistance in proceedings relat- The Treaty is one of a series of modern ing to the forfeiture of the proceeds of mutual legal assistance treaties being nego- crime and restitution to the victims of tiated by the United States in order to crime. counter criminal activities more effectively. I recommend that the Senate give early The Treaty should be an effective tool to and favorable consideration to the Treaty assist in the prosecution of a wide variety and give its advice and consent to ratifica- of modern criminals, including members of tion. drug cartels, ‘‘white collar criminals,’’ and GEORGE BUSH terrorists. The Treaty is self-executing. The Treaty provides for a broad range The White House, of cooperation in criminal matters. Mutual January 22, 1992.

Letter to Congressional Leaders Transmitting a Report on the U.S.- U.S.S.R. Standing Consultative Commission January 22, 1992

Dear Mr. Speaker: (Dear Mr. Chairman:) tion on all substantive issues raised by either In accordance with section 38 of the Arms party to the Treaty on the Limitation of Control and Disarmament Act as amended Anti-Ballistic Missile Systems and the re- by section 3(b) of the Arms Control and sponses to the other party to those issues. Disarmament Amendments Act of 1987 (22 Sincerely, U.S.C. 2578), attached is a classified report GEORGE BUSH prepared by the United States Commis- sioner to the U.S.-U.S.S.R. Standing Con- Note: Identical letters were sent to Thomas sultative Commission (SCC) concerning the S. Foley, Speaker of the House of Represent- activities of the SCC during calendar year atives, and Claiborne Pell, chairman of the 1991. The report includes detailed informa- Senate Foreign Relations Committee.

Statement by Press Secretary Fitzwater Announcing the Drug Summit in San Antonio, Texas January 22, 1992

The President, after consultations with war on drugs. The purpose of this meet- other participating governments, is an- ing will be to discuss and coordinate our nouncing today that the second regional expanding counternarcotics cooperation drug summit will be held in San Antonio, with the Presidents of Colombia, Bolivia, TX, February 26 and 27. This meeting, 2 Peru, Venezuela, Ecuador, and Mexico. years after the Cartagena summit, represents another important milestone in the

134 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / Jan. 23

Remarks to the National Association of Wholesaler-Distributors January 23, 1992

Thank you very much, and welcome to and growing economy and a marketplace all of you. Thanks to Alan Kranowitz for that’s free of needless interference. It all his fine work and, of course, to my friend means telling Congress that we’ve got to Dirk VanDongen, over here. History, a little hold the line on Government spending. And history, I understand that he’s celebrating yes, there’s a lot of pressures for more and his 25th anniversary with the NAW this more Federal money. That means taxpayers’ year. And I might say to those who haven’t money, incidentally. I still understand that worked with him closely, as I have, that he point. [Laughter] And yet I think it is my does a superb job for sound economic prin- responsibility to recognize that the deficit ciples, most of which affect the NAW but is outrageously large and that we have got some of which don’t. But he’s in there for to say no from time to time to these fantas- these solid principles day in and day out. tically good-sounding but horribly detrimen- And I am very grateful to him for that. tal spending plans. And I plan to bring that I want to welcome Jay Church and Jimmy point up. We have got to hold the line on Taylor, who just welcomed me. Thank our spending. Chief of Staff, Sam Skinner, who’s come You here at NAW have been a tremen- into a tough job, taken the ball, running dous help through the years in working for with it and doing a first-class job. I under- a commonsense approach to the economy. stand you also heard from Lou Sullivan, a In fact, I count on the NAW’s expertise great Secretary of HHS, and then, of in more ways than you realize, having just course, the Chairman of the Joint Chiefs, asked Nick Calio, an alumnus, to return to Colin Powell. So I hope, through these two help us work on Capitol Hill. Many of you avenues and then Sam, you’ve gotten some may not have met him, but he was here feel in a little more detail as to what it is we’re trying to do. I’m delighted to have and then went over to NAW and will be this chance to speak to the certain key and returning to head up a very important part most influential people of NAW. of our White House organization. The last time we got together I could Let’s face it, this is an election year. And hardly speak at all. [Laughter] I know it’s so you’re going to hear all kinds of proposals good to leave them speechless, but I don’t out there promoting a lot of gimmicks. think the speaker is the one they have in Given the fact this country is hurting, peo- mind. But look at it this way, I could have ple are hurting, you’re going to see a lot thrown up on the front row here and— of quick fixes that will supposedly turn the [laughter]—you’ve got to admit when I get economy around. I don’t believe we need the flu it’s really dramatic. I don’t want to them. I think we’ve got to set commonsense dwell on that subject, but one, it was em- goals, stick with them, and then, as I say, barrassing, and two, in 24 hours I just felt in the State of the Union Message I’ll be like a million bucks again. So, I have a making specific proposals as to how to help funny feeling that a lot of people in this more rapidly achieve those goals. country maybe understood getting the flu. Any plan that truly prepares our economy But nevertheless, that’s history, and I’m just for the future has got to meet five tests. delighted to be here and see you all today. One, it must stimulate investment that’s You probably read a lot about it: We are necessary to create jobs. Secondly, it’s got working hard on a State of the Union Mes- to bolster the real estate values and increase sage for next week. I believe that people home sales. One of the disturbing things that think as you do will be pleased with in these slow times has been the diminution the results. I’m going to use that occasion of a family’s fundamental balance sheet that to continue to push for the things we stand comes from the marking down of homes for, and that means jobs. It means a strong and real estate. And so we’ve got to bolster

135 Jan. 23 / Administration of George Bush, 1992 real estate values, increase home sales. my address next week. But we ought to be That’s number two. Number three, it must clear about a couple of health care prin- give Americans confidence that they will be ciples at the start. able to afford the cost of raising a family. First, Government efforts to centrally That means education; we’ve got some bold manage or mandate benefits produce more educational reforms. It means obtaining problems than they solve. And secondly, we health care. And fourth, it must increase must forgo approaches to the problem that America’s capacity to compete in a global cost jobs. Now this is a time to concentrate economy. And finally, number five, it must on creating jobs, not driving small busi- control this wasteful Government spending nesses out of business. And that means and got to work to bringing this deficit don’t overburden the small businesses with down. a lot of Federal mandates. And taken all together, these tests, I think, will separate serious proposals from I salute the NAW for its leadership in the quick-fix proposals, the gimmicks. Some creating HEAL, the Health Care Early [Eq- of my critics say they want to create jobs, uity] Action League, a major coalition that and then they call for raising taxes and im- promotes market-based solutions to the posing even more mandates, centrally con- problems in our health care system. And trolled mandates to hamstring businesses I look forward to working with HEAL after with Government redtape. Or they say they I announce my health care plan. want to make the U.S. economy competi- As each of you knows, what American tive, and then they call for building a fence businesses want is a fair shake from our around the United States of America, the trading partners and certainly from the Gov- old-fashioned siren’s call of protection. ernment. And let them go head-on-head in These gimmicks are about politics. They a world marketplace, and I am absolutely are not about prosperity for the United convinced the American companies can out- States of America. And prosperity lies in think, outwork, outcompete anyone in the opening markets, not closing them. And I’m world. The companies and the workers, the pleased that recently, with our trip to Asia, work force, they can do just that. And I we’ve been able to make progress in that share your faith, your undiminished faith in regard without resorting to protectionism. American business because, like you, I un- Yesterday, for example, we signed a path- derstand the values that have made Amer- breaking agreement ensuring the U.S. com- ican business the model for the whole puter companies will be able to compete world: Hard work, creativity, and certainly and compete fairly for the Japanese Govern- a willingness to take risks, to believe in your ment, not the private sector there. We’re dreams and then make good on them. already selling—40 percent of computers If we build on those values and if we into Japan’s private sector are U.S. But .4 use them as our guiding light, this economy percent, to give you an example, .4 percent of the Government-bought computers are is going to turn around. I am not a gloom- U.S. So, it can’t be a question of quality. and-doom person about the American econ- So, yesterday we signed this path-breaking omy. We’ve been through an awful lot, but agreement that ensures the U.S. computer this economy will turn around, particularly companies will be allowed to compete fairly if we take the approach to these economic for Japanese Government, for the computer issues that I’ve outlined here today. We’re market of the Government. And that’s what going to lead the world. We are the undis- we should be doing, beating down the bar- puted leader of the world. We ought not riers to our exports. to forget that. I mentioned health care. We must and There are some people in this room that will be doing something about that. I think are young enough to have children, young I’ll have sound proposals. But you’ll also children that is. [Laughter] And I don’t hap- hear a lot of loose talk in an election year pen to fit into that category about young about health care. And I’m going to discuss children, but I’ve got grandchildren. Some this issue in depth and quite positively in of you all have got little kids. And

136 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / Jan. 23 there’s something rather nice that they’re what’s wrong with this country obscure your going to school, coming home, going to fundamental confidence, your fundamental sleep at night, and not worrying about a conviction, which is mine, that we are the nuclear conflict erupting and engulfing the greatest, freest country on the face of the whole world. Earth, and we’re going to prevail. We’ve got a lot to be grateful for in this Thank you all very, very much. country. We’ve got a lot of problems, but we’re the leader of the world, and I intend Note: The President spoke at 9:20 a.m. in to keep it just exactly that way. We’re going Room 450 of the Old Executive Office Build- to whip this economic problem we’re facing. ing. In his remarks, he referred to the fol- We are going to continue to lead the world. lowing association officers: Dirk We are going to stay involved at home and VanDongen, president; Jay Church, chair- certainly abroad, now and well into the next man of the board; Jimmy Taylor, chairman- century. elect; and Alan Kranowitz, vice president for So, don’t let the continuous pounding of government relations.

Remarks on the Presentation of the Senior Executive Service Awards January 23, 1992

Connie, thank you. And at the outset of in lights. You may be lucky on that one. these remarks, let me just pay my respects [Laughter] But really extraordinary people. to Connie Newman and say what a first- Vince Lombardi, you remember, he gave class job I know she’s doing at OPM. And some pretty good advice off the field as well I know that you take a lot of pride in this as on. He put it this way; he said, ‘‘The event, since you rose through the ranks quality of a person’s life is in direct propor- yourself, starting, as I understand it, if my tion to their commitment to excellence.’’ history is correct, 30 years ago as a GS– Well, today what we’re doing is honoring 3—[laughter]—I’ve still got you beat on the the lives of great quality. I am told that age now—[laughter]—GS–3 clerk-typist at only one percent of our SES can receive Interior. And look at you now. And we are the Distinguished Executive Award. And very, very proud of you. that means that out of more than 3 million I also want to welcome Ed Derwinski, public servants, you few here today embody Secretary Derwinski; Acting Secretary the very finest qualities of leadership, dedi- Busey; Secretary Stone; Pat Saiki, the Ad- cation, personal integrity, and public serv- ministrator at SBA; Director Sessions; and ice. so many other distinguished guests. I think I see Admiral Truly out there. I reminisce that when I was growing up, I hear that when one of the recipients my parents, particularly my dad, instilled in was told that the speaker today would be me a tremendous respect for the duty and the most important man in Washington, he obligation of public service. And I know that said, ‘‘I thought Joe Gibbs had already left you share my belief that Government serv- for Minneapolis.’’ [Laughter] We are caught ice is a public trust, that the highest honor up in a frenzy here. but that should not we can have is to serve our country and detract from the importance of this event. in so doing serve our countrymen. And it is a privilege for me to be over Good government cannot work without here today to congratulate some extraor- you, committed men and women who de- dinary people, you might say unsung heroes. vote yourselves to making certain that our You don’t always get at the head table, don’t Government truly serves the people. Look always have your name flashing out there at the contributions that you’ve made

137 Jan. 23 / Administration of George Bush, 1992 in this past year alone. Some of you were tions to all for living by the words of Abra- instrumental in one way or another in Oper- ham Lincoln, who said, ‘‘I do the very best ation Desert Storm. You share in the tri- I know how, the very best I can; and I umph we won for freedom abroad and, of mean to keep on doing so until the end.’’ some noted significance, of unity at home. Your country is grateful. And we thank you Some devoted your efforts to stirring eco- for your service. nomic growth here at home, creating oppor- And now, Connie, let’s get on with the tunity for businesses and farmers and work- main business at hand. Thank you, and con- ers. Others dedicated your career to estab- gratulations to each and every one of you. lishing ties abroad, bringing security and [At this point, the awards were presented.] jobs to the people of this country in the process. You worked on child nutrition pro- Thank you all very much, and to all of grams, directed the census, planned water you, congratulations. This is special, and it resource projects, managed scientific re- sends a wonderful message about the qual- search, oversaw economic analysis, helped ity of our public service across the whole reform the Federal pay system, managed country. So keep it up. aeronautical research, formulated human rights programs, managed veterans care, led Note: The President spoke at 10:35 a.m. in drug investigations. The list goes on and on. Room 450 of the Old Executive Office Build- In other words, through putting into prac- ing. In his remarks, he referred to James tice administration programs, you touched B. Busey IV, Acting Secretary of Transpor- the daily lives and shaped the future of all tation; William S. Sessions, Director of the Americans. Federal Bureau of Investigation; and Rich- And so, I am proud to participate in this ard B. Truly, Administrator of the National program. I wanted to extend my congratula- Aeronautics and Space Administration.

Remarks on Environmental Policy January 23, 1992

The President. Let me just say that I’ve Los Angeles, San Diego, Seattle on the west had an upbeat and very impressive briefing coast; and then back to Baltimore on the from Administrator Bill Reilly, from Sec- east coast. retary Watkins, and from Chairman Mike This budget is going to include $200 mil- Deland on some of our ongoing efforts to lion, double the amount enacted last year, protect America’s precious environment. for pollution control in the border area— The budget that I will release next week Bill’s just back from there, I understand— I think demonstrates our continuing com- along from California across to Texas. mitment to the environment in a way that Secretary Jim Watkins and I have tried is consistent with efforts to create economic hard making a major effort to clean up the growth and to preserve and create jobs. Federal facilities at which his Department, In EPA’s budget we’re providing signifi- the Department of Energy, has manufac- cant increases for Superfund; implementing tured nuclear weapons materials. That’s the Clean Air Act; for enforcing our envi- been going on now for 3 years. And next ronmental laws, and that’s critical; and pro- week’s budget will reflect a major step for- tecting important resources like the Great ward in that commitment, a $1.1 billion in- Lakes, the Gulf of Mexico, and the Chesa- crease, 25 percent above last year’s level. peake Bay: a strong program. Our budget The 5.5 billion that I’ll put in my budget includes specific grants to help clean up the for cleaning up Federal facilities is more water in some of our major coastal cities: than triple the amount included in the ’89 Boston and New York on the east coast;

138 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / Jan. 23 budget when Secretary Watkins and I ar- been accomplished over 3 years. But we’re rived. in an election year, and you get all kinds And finally, our budget is going to in- of charges and countercharges. And I think crease funding in our commitment to the people realize there’s been this commit- program known as America the Beautiful, ment. Some of this commitment to the do- expanding and improving our national parks, mestic side has been overshadowed by the our forests, our wildlife refuges, and our fantastic changes that have taken place recreation land. The budget is going to in- around the world. But I think if you take crease the program to about $1.9 billion, a look at my schedules and my own use more than double the amount devoted to of personal time, you’ll see that this isn’t parks and the outdoors in 1989. anything new, just a continued commit- Now, included in that amount is a major ment. We’ve made great progress. And I expansion, from 23 million to 60 million, keep getting reassured by Bill Reilly and for our partnership with the States for the by Mike Deland and in his field by Jim creation of State parks. Now, this is an inno- Watkins. But we’re just going to keep on. vative partnership approach, one that And polls go up one day and down the next. leverages the Federal dollars to get the most for every dollar. And I think you’ll see this as a wave of the future in terms of guaran- Unemployment Benefits teeing the precious environment that means Q. Mr. President, 5 months ago you ve- so much to our country. toed one unemployment extension, and you So, I really want to thank Bill Reilly, blocked the second. Now we’re told that thank the Secretary, thank the Chairman, you’re going to back an extension on your Michael Deland, for coming over and to say extension. Isn’t this an election-year conver- I look forward to working with them and sion? the other members of the Cabinet to win The President. What we did before is to support for this budget on Capitol Hill and guarantee that the extensions were within for continuing to be responsible stewards the Federal budget because, you see, I of the environment. I think we’ve got a think the American people are also con- positive record. We’ve certainly got able, cerned about the Federal Government committed individuals, three of whom are spending too much. And what I did was with me right here, working this problem. stand for a program that would alleviate the And I think this preview of coming attrac- suffering and would get the checks to indi- tions on the budget will be good news for viduals, but did it inside the budget agree- all of us who share our concern about ment. So, it wasn’t a conversion; it was America’s environment. fighting for what was right, the taxpayer as So, I think Bill, as I understand the plan, well as those who were hurting. And we is going to go in and take some questions prevailed. We prevailed in both instances. in the press room on this expansion of this, But you stay tuned for the next chapter. what I’ve announced here today. And I It will be coming up. think this will be well received. Domestic Initiatives Disarmament Q. Mr. President, in recent days you’ve been busy on many different fronts, edu- Q. How about the disarmament, Mr. cation, trade, now the environment—— President? Can you tell us anything about The President. Recent years, yes. that? Q. Well, recent days also, sir, and recent The President. Maybe I’ll have something years, but is this at all reflective of the, per- to say about that in the State of the Union haps, concern about dropping polls? And Message. are you concerned about falling polls? The President. No. What I think it does is show a continuing interest in domestic Note: The President spoke at 11:17 a.m. in affairs. I’ve cited some history here, what’s the Oval Office at the White House.

139 Jan. 23 / Administration of George Bush, 1992

Remarks Honoring the Women’s World Cup Soccer Champions January 23, 1992

Well, a thousand apologies for keeping and Joy Biefeld—where are they now? such a distinguished group waiting. And There are some of them. They gave a new thank all of you for coming here to the meaning to the term ‘‘U.S. defense.’’ Next, White House. First, may I single out the ‘‘Crazy Legs’’—[laughter]—I hope she owns Acting Secretary of Commerce, Rock up to it. Does she? There is such a per- Schnabel, down here, and John Keller, the son—[laughter]—‘‘Crazy Legs’’ Karen Jen- Under Secretary for Travel and Tourism. nings on offense. Julie Foudy, right here, Coach Dorrance, the coach is over here, who was found studying biology before the the guiding light of the women’s national winning game, frogs’ legs and all that kind soccer team, and congratulations. of thing, but what a game. And finally, J.B. Marine, the U.S. Youth Soccer Asso- here’s to Tracey Bates. Where’s Tracey? I ciation champions, are they out there? Way think she’s the real reason why Arnold back there. All right. Hold up your hands. Schwarzenegger said he couldn’t make it Let’s see you. How about the Potomac today. The coach calls her the ‘‘tiny termi- School Panthers; I want these champs to nator.’’ look you over and see the competition com- But look, for each of you, winning this ing up. [Laughter] They’re the Independent cup capped a long road of sweat and sac- School League division champs. George- rifice and determination. First the qualifying town Visitation’s team, anybody here from tournament in Haiti, where I hear you ran them? Right back there. They are DC’s circles around the competition, 49 goals in Independent Schools League champs. The 5 games. Then you trekked to China for Special Olympics Virginia champs, right that grueling championship tournament. I over here. was told that many of you weren’t used to Let me just say that it’s great to join you some of those more exotic Chinese deli- in honoring a group of women who reflect cacies that Barbara and I encountered when a favorite American pastime; it’s known as we lived there for a year and a half—[laugh- winning. [Laughter] Leave it to an Amer- ter]—duck feet, snakes, all of this kind of ican team to win the first FIFA world thing. These wise guys invented their own championship—world championship, I emphasize. And leave it to an American wom- slogan, ‘‘Come to China; we take off en’s team to win our first world soccer weight.’’ [Laughter] championship ever. And that is a marvelous But then for the matches in the cham- accomplishment. And someone once said pionship, you took on tough opposition: that ‘‘sport was the first great separator of Edging Sweden, 3 to 2; upsetting Ger- the sexes.’’ For the sake of the male ego, many—maybe you didn’t think it was an I hope the men start catching up. [Laugh- upset; sportswriters played it as that—5 to ter] 2. You beat the injuries; you beat the odds. I’ve done a little bit of research on this And then on November 30th, you proved gang, and it may take a while to describe yourselves again, ousting Norway for the the terrific lineup. But I’m told of your ex- World Cup. No wonder Michelle Akers- ploits. Of Michelle Akers-Stahl—where’s Stahl said, ‘‘This team never gives up.’’ You Michelle? Right down there—winner of the showed how America can outscore, outfight, Golden Boot Award. That has all kind of and outcompete any nation we’re up connotations for those of us in politics— against. [laughter]—but having been a former soc- That kind of spirit made you champions. cer player, I imagine it says something The American spirit is proud, not arrogant, about her excellence and her commitment. confident, determined, and victorious. I re- She scored the winning goal, showing what member the day when America’s athletic ex- Hemingway so clearly described as ‘‘grace cellence was limited to perhaps baseball and under pressure.’’ And then there’s Carla football in the eyes of the world. Well, Werden and Debbie Belkin and Lori Henry today, Americans are taking over every-

140 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / Jan. 24 where from sumo to soccer. And as proof [Laughter] I think it does a lot for the real of just how far soccer has come in this spirit of this country. And certainly this country, the U.S. will proudly host the 1994 team has made a contribution to the real World Cup championship. spirit of this country. You’ve made us very, So, let me just say to today’s champions, very proud. So, bless you all, and thanks world champions: Your victory is an inspira- for being with us today. tion, no matter what sport. Your victory is an inspiration to all our athletes, male and Note: The President spoke at 2:42 p.m. in female, young and old. And thank you for Room 450 of the Old Executive Office Build- winning one for America. You’ve made us ing. In his remarks, he referred to Anson all very, very proud. Dorrance, coach of the U.S. National Wom- I get accused in my job of having perhaps en’s Soccer Team, and the Federation Inter- too keen an interest in sports. Well, too bad. nationale de Football Association (FIFA).

Remarks to the Young Astronaut Council and a Teleconference With the Crew of Space Shuttle Discovery January 24, 1992

The President. Thank you all very much. right now to travel to Mars someday. New Please be seated, and thanks for that warm travels in space will give us answers to some welcome. The Vice President and I are just of the things that children wonder about. delighted to be with you. And of course, I might add, many adults who contemplate I might say I’m so proud of the leadership our great universe wonder about these same that the Vice President is giving in this all- things, too. out effort to support the space program, The other day I heard what one 5-year- strengthen it, build on it. And this is a great old wonders about. One of my staff mem- day. bers asked his 5-year-old kid if we should Let me say to Wendell Butler, the CEO build new spaceships and send people to of Young Astronauts, that we appreciate all the Moon again. And the kid said, ‘‘Yes, your good work. I am also so proud that of course, we should.’’ His father said, Dick Truly is here, Admiral Dick Truly, the ‘‘Well, why? Why should we send them to first astronaut to serve as Administrator of NASA. All told, well, you’ve seen them, the Moon?’’ He said, ‘‘That’s easy,’’ the kid there are 23 veteran astronauts here today. said. ‘‘It’s to see if there’s any Martians And I’m told this is one of the largest gath- there.’’ [Laughter] erings of space explorers ever at the White Well, we can chuckle about that, but the House. kid got it about right. As most of you young Our thoughts also are with seven other astronauts know, we’ve challenged America astronauts who right now are orbiting the to go back to the Moon to stay, and then Earth in a space shuttle mission. We’re onward to Mars. And sending people back proud of all these men and women. They to the Moon for more experience in an en- take risks; they do it with great courage, vironment different from ours is the first and they do it with great determination and step on the journey to explore the gigantic dedication. rift valleys and mountains of Mars. I’m also glad to see so many boys and When we break through barriers of the girls here, from kindergarten through ninth, unknown we not only help ourselves, we in this Young Astronauts program. And as learn a lot more about ourselves. And when President, I’ve set a goal that involves you we reach our goal of sending men and young people, and my goal is for young women to Mars, we can find out the answer Americans like you who are in grade school

141 Jan. 24 / Administration of George Bush, 1992 to that little 5-year-old’s wondering about national effort. And I should again state that life on other planets. We can learn whether Dan Quayle’s leadership as Chairman of the we can extract air and water from materials National Space Council has been absolutely on Mars to sustain life. We can look for vital to the renewed focus and momentum clues on Mars not only to teach us how of our space programs. the Earth developed but also about the When I send my annual budget up to wellspring of life itself. Congress next week, it is going to mark the And pushing forward into space already third straight year that I’ve called for a real is helping us here and now. More and more, increase in spending on our civil space pro- the new jobs for people of your parents’ gram. And this includes full funding for generation are being provided by our space Space Station Freedom, $2.25 billion, an in- programs. Revenues from American com- crease of 11 percent. Space Station is back mercial space programs alone grew by 14 on track and on schedule. Last year we had percent in 1991, and this year they’re projected to grow by 20 percent. The commer- an honest debate with those in the Congress cial space business has grown so far and who wanted to kill Space Station. We won so fast that it now takes in about as much because the American people agree that money each year as all the receipts at the Space Station Freedom is not only a very movie theaters all over the United States. valuable scientific program but it is essential If this trend continues, the celestial stars to our destiny as a pioneering Nation, a pio- will be getting more attention than the Hol- neering Nation in space. lywood stars, and that might be all right. And I know many are concerned about [Laughter] the balance between science and explo- America now exports $1 billion a year in ration in our space program, and the budget commercial space goods and services. Those that I will propose next week will not short- exports alone translate into jobs for 20,000 change science. Space science will remain Americans. Real progress is happening al- more than 23 percent of NASA’s program, most faster than we can imagine. Navigation will increase by 10 percent over the current satellites that helped guide our troops in year. But America’s destiny must include Desert Storm just a year ago now help manned exploration. So my budget in- hikers and fishermen and surveyors and mo- creases funding for technologies we need torists find their way. Personal navigation to send man beyond Earth’s orbit. And that receivers now help us manage our forests includes propulsion technologies, life sup- and wetlands, speed the shipment of goods port technologies, two new missions to com- on our own highways. plete the mapping of the Moon. And finally Ten years from now the older kids here the budget will include a dramatic expan- will be finished with college, some of you sion of two exciting new programs: $250 maybe even finished with graduate school. million to triple funding for our new launch And when that day comes, when you’re system, to develop a new family of rockets ready to start careers and families, I hope for the 21st century, and 80 million for the many of you will be prepared to become the movers and shakers in our space pro- National Aerospace Plane which may one gram. It’s up to your parents and grand- day enable direct flights from Earth to orbit. parents and the Congressmen they elect to For you to fulfill your dreams of space keep us on track for this promising future exploration when you become adults, we of space exploration and commercial space must make a new public investment in our enterprises. space program now. And I’m asking Ameri- To stress how important this is, a few cans to make a farsighted commitment, one weeks from now I will formally direct the that looks dozens of years and millions of establishment of a new national space explo- miles beyond the recession and the other ration office led by NASA and including sci- things that tend to preoccupy us today. entific talent from our Defense and Energy And I’m challenging you young people, Departments and other agencies as well. too: Start your preparations for tomorrow’s Space exploration should be and will be a new age of space exploration right now.

142 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / Jan. 24

Keep that pledge you’ve made in joining Heckmann, and Conner Sabatino, have the Young Astronauts Council. Make your- something they’re going to give to me. See, selves better and better students of math this is a very nice ending to this thing. So, and science. Make the U.S.A. the leading you guys come on up here. country in the world in early education for math and science. Make your families [At this point, the young people presented proud. Make your teachers proud. Give a gift to the President. Following the presen- your very best, and America will be better tation and announcement of the NASA/ for it. Young Astronauts Council poster contest to In doing this, you not only help our space commemorate International Space Year, the program, you’ll also help us meet one of President began a teleconference with the the most demanding goals that I’ve set for ‘‘Discovery’’ crew.] our schools. It aims to involve parents more The President. Are we on the air, I mean, with our schools, to revolutionize our way out there on the air? Colonel Grabe, schools with higher standards and better can you hear me? performance by the start of the new cen- Commander Grabe. Yes, sir, Mr. Presi- tury. Among the goals of America 2000 is to dent, we hear you loud and clear. make America the world leader in math and The President. What happened? Can you science education. If we want to reach the guys hear me up there all right? Moon and Mars, we’ve got to aim high. And Commander Grabe. We hear you loud if you share my aim of making America’s and clear, Mr. President. students and teachers the best in the world The President. Loud and clear. Well, let and if you share my goal of sending Amer- me just say to Commander Grabe and all ican men and women to explore Mars and the rest of you all, I’m here with a lot of if you share my dream of discovering the the young astronauts and some of the older unknown to make our lives better, you’ll see astronauts, as a matter of fact—[laughter]— it will require time and effort and study four of the crews, here in the White House and money. complex. And we just called up to wish you And it’s going to take teamwork across well. The Vice President is with me. Admi- the years. That includes parents, your par- ral Truly is with me. And we just want to ents and then my generation’s. Most of all, get from you all how it’s doing down there. for a long time to come, it will call for your A lot of these kids want to get going and own best efforts. And I applaud this Council get out to Mars. Have you got any advice, for making a positive difference with Ameri- first of all, for these young guys here, young ca’s children. The Council is committed to kids, boys and girls? our America 2000 education goals and is Commander Grabe. Well, certainly, Mr. playing a true leadership role in our observ- President. For any Young Astronauts that ance of 1992 to celebrate exploration, not want to pursue a career as an astronaut, only as the 500th anniversary of Christopher they ought to be emphasizing math and Columbus’ voyage but also as International Space Year. science in their studies and just doing as Barbara and I are very proud to serve well as they can. It’s a long, hard road to as honorary cochairmen of the Young Astro- get there, and it takes a little luck along nauts Council. And it’s a pleasure to recog- the way as well. But it’s certainly worth the nize three dedicated Americans who have effort. been honored as 1992 Young Astronaut The President. We’ve been talking a little Teachers of the Year: Glenda Parker of bit about the contribution that these jour- Denver, North Carolina, right here; Arthur neys make to science. Can you tell us a Perschino, Arthur, from Norwalk, Connecti- little bit, in layman’s terms, please, about cut; and Karyn Sotero from right here in the experiments that you all are conducting? Washington, DC. Commander Grabe. Let me turn that over And now I understand that three young to Bob Thagard. He’s our payload com- astronauts, Russell Frisby, Rachel mander here on my right.

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Commander Thagard. Well, Mr. Presi- But we’ve got the I–90 camera aboard. And dent, taking the experiments to orbit is an Bill and Ron and I have been having a great excellent way to do experiments in some time taking those movies that you see on areas of science, and it makes this whole the big screen. And we’re taking pictures journey well worthwhile. The two principal right now for a movie that will be coming things or areas that come to mind are physi- out here within a year or two. ology, both plant and animal, and crystal Q. I would like to know, which one do growing and other material science experi- you like better—— ments. And we have some 55 experiments, Astronaut Oswald. ——the camera up— I think, in the IML complement. Most of [inaudible]—I can just show that to you, those are working even as we speak. And how big it is. it is our plan to do some more TV, some Astronaut Readdy. You’re asking about more explanation later on about some more what’s great about zero G. Well, this camera details of that science. The President. Well, that is very interest- on Earth probably weighs about, oh, 110, ing. Now, if you guys have a couple more 120 pounds. Even a big moose like Os has minutes, we don’t want to detract you from trouble hefting it. But you can see you can all this experimentation, but it might be fun quite easily do it with just fingers. if one of these young astronauts, or maybe Astronaut Oswald. The camera probably a couple, would like to—here comes my weighs as much as Roberta, who’s manipu- man. [Laughter] He’s back. This guy just lating it right now, and you can see she gave a great speech here. Tell them your has no trouble at all with it. name, and see if you’ve got a question for The President. That’s great. Do you have them. one? Q. My name is Russell Frisby, and here’s Commander Grabe. Mr. President, the my question: What’s it like in zero gravity? one crew member—— The President. Did you get that? He Q. Which one do you like better, being wanted to know what it’s like in zero gravity. in space or being on Earth? Commander Grabe. Yes, sir, we under- Commander Grabe. I’d like to introduce stood the question, what’s it like in zero our Canadian payload specialist, Roberta gravity. And I’ll turn that over to Bill Bondar, who will be glad to answer that Readdy, who’s on Bob’s left. one. Astronaut Readdy. It’s great, just floating Dr. Bondar. Actually, living both in space around and everything. And a lot of things it just makes a whole lot easier, besides and on the Earth really makes you appre- from putting your pants on both legs at the ciate the good and the bad of both. I think same time. [Laughter] It’s easy to translate right now we’re enjoying very much the lim- back and forth. It makes it a whole lot easi- ited opportunity we’ve had so far with being er to do a lot of the science because any up here. We’ve certainly enjoyed looking particular orientation you choose works the back at the Earth during our brief moments same as any other. when we’re not in the lab working the The President. That makes it all very sciences. And we’re really looking forward clear. [Laughter] Thank you. to our return to Earth to bring back all Any other? Come on, you come up and the scientific information and all the enthu- ask one. This is a rare opportunity. Fire siasm and experience that we’ve gained in away. this flight. Q. I wanted to know what was your favor- So, for all of us, I think right now we’re ite experiment you’ve taken up so far? just enjoying where we are, and we’re going Commander Grabe. That sounds like a to be enjoying where we’re going to be good question for Steve Oswald, our pilot, when we come back. And I think it’s just to answer. Steve’s over here on Bill’s left. great to have had this opportunity to be Astronaut Oswald. Actually, I guess I’m assigned with this great crew. not sure that, being in the front of the bus, The President. Dr. Bondar, this is not a we’re working the experiments all that hard. young astronaut, this is the President speak-

144 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / Jan. 24 ing now. But I just want to say how pleased tronauts—[inaudible]—anything that can we are that you, representing Canada, are give you the enthusiasm a kid has, has got a part, a fundamental part of this. I think to be a great experience. And I feel like it’s a wonderful thing, and I think in a won- I’m about 12. derful way it shows the strength of ties be- Q. What planets have you seen? tween our two great countries. The President. What planets have you So, I understand the Prime Minister, my seen? friend Brian Mulroney, called. Did he actu- Commander Grabe. Well, of course, ally get through the other day? we’ve got the world’s greatest view of our Dr. Bondar. That was right about the world. But on some of our night passes we time we were having our briefing just near can see Saturn and Jupiter and Mars and launch time. And instead, I had a lovely Venus. It’s really spectacular up here. Hope telegram from him, and he wished us all we can go to Mars here one of these days. well and Godspeed. The President. Well, we’re going to keep The President. Well, keep up the good trying to get this program geared up to do work. Now, have you got time for one more just that. And maybe, just maybe, Colonel, question? We’ve got a real eager one right one of these kids here today will be a part here. Front of the line. Here we go. of that. Maybe sooner, maybe later. But I’ll Q. I wonder how you feel in space. bet one of them will be a part of that mis- The President. They’re trying to decide sion. here. But listen, I’m told we’ve got to run on. Commander Grabe. The question was, I’ve got a lot of eager questioners, but un- how do we feel in space? fortunately, I guess we don’t have the time. The President. Yes. But we certainly want to wish you well. Commander Grabe. Well, in space, it Your fellow astronauts are standing here takes a little bit of time to get used to it. quietly in the shadows, and I know that they When you first get up, you might feel just are wishing you well for a successful conclu- the slightest bit queasy or so. But by about sion of this productive journey. today—this is our third day in space—we’re You have our blessings and our support, beginning to adapt pretty well. I think you and keep up the fine work. You’re on the can see we all feel pretty comfortable up cutting edge, and you’re setting a great ex- here. So after you get over the initial adjust- ample for the rest of our country, the rest ment, you can live in space quite well and of the world. Congratulations, and thanks do things that you do on Earth. for taking the time out. The President. I have a rather technical question. What happens if you get the flu in space? [Laughter] Note: The President spoke at 3 p.m. in Room Commander Grabe. Some of the older as- 450 of the Old Executive Office Building.

Teleconference Remarks to the National Association of Home Builders January 24, 1992

The President. Thank you so much. And golden anniversary of the National Associa- Mark, thank you for those very kind words. tion of Home Builders. And I wish I were there in person, but from I heard via the grapevine that we were a distance, hello to Roger Glunt and promised a daytime fireworks display. So I Tommy Thompson and Martin Perlman and will give this my very best shot, and after Kent Colton; Jay Buchert, your incoming Mark’s enthusiastic endorsement there, wel- president; and to all of you celebrating the come there, I must say I’ve got a tough job

145 Jan. 24 / Administration of George Bush, 1992 to fulfill here. recommendations in what the Commission First, though, Barbara and I wanted to called the NIMBY report, Not In My Back- remind you that we’re doing our part for yard, have been built into the 1993 budget. homebuilding and remodeling, thanks to a I’ll be calling for prompt action by the Con- little rough weather back in gress because it’s even more urgent we get Kennebunkport, Maine. So we want to be these critical reforms through Congress a part of this rebuilding. But there’s been now. So count on it. I’m going to hit the more than a little rough weather in your line again, push hard to turn solid proposals industry. I heard what you said there, Mark, into policy. And I hope I can count on your and I’ve heard it for a long time. Back in strong support to help me get the job done. December, I met with Mark and Kent at As for the rest of my progrowth plan, the White House. And to you members you’ve got to stay tuned for Tuesday. But there, let me just say we talked about the I can say right now, by way of a coming tough times you’ve experienced. These men attraction, that any growth package worth were both very articulate. We agreed on the the name should pass the following five need for strong action to get this economy tests: First, it must stimulate the investment moving again. necessary to create jobs. Second—and this The housing industry has been hit hard. points up the vital importance of your in- And you’ve been pinched by the credit dustry—it must bolster real estate values crunch, hurt by first-time homebuyers and increase home sales. And third, it must forced by economic circumstances to defer give Americans confidence that the costs of their shot at the American dream and health care, providing for their kids’ edu- homeowners who have watched their equity cation, and raising a family will be afford- erode. able. And fourth, it must increase America’s On the credit front, we’ve been working capacity to compete in the global economy. hard to get the message out to lending insti- And then fifth and finally, it must control tutions and the regulatory community that wasteful Government spending and bring sound banks make sound loans. And I am the Federal deficit under control. also pleased to see interest rates down, lower than they’ve been since the late sev- So, please listen, and please hear me out enties. in the State of the Union. I will avoid, and There’s a pent-up demand for new hous- I’ll be frank about this one, the quick politi- ing that promises a strong comeback, one cal fixes that cause the deficit to skyrocket that will bring homebuyers back into the and cause long-term interest rates to go market and have homebuilders working right through the roof. I’m confident that overtime. But no issue right now matters we have a sound plan, the best plan, to more than the state of our economy. Next get this economy growing again. And I am Tuesday, I’m going to take my economic absolutely certain that we will get this econ- action plan to the American people in the omy turned around. I plan to do what Mark State of the Union Message. And without says: Take that same leadership we used in tipping my hand today, I can say that some Desert Storm, bring this country together, of the reforms that I want to see are geared and get the job done. And I am sure that specifically to get the housing market back once again it is your industry, it is the hous- on its feet. ing industry, that will lead the way to a I pledged as President that we’d see an strong and steady recovery. increase of one million in the number of So, good luck to you all. We’ve listened new American homeowners, and I’m proud to your leaders. We appreciate the support to say we’ve reached that goal. And I’m con- from so many people there. And I am going vinced our housing initiatives will help even to do my level-best to lead this country to more Americans reach their dream. a vigorous recovery. One way we’ll succeed is by breaking Now, I guess I’d better stop there and down the barriers to affordable housing. Jay be glad to take some questions. And thanks and Roger served on my Advisory Commis- for your hospitality. sion on Regulatory Barriers. Many of the Q. Thank you, Mr. President. You are a

146 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / Jan. 24

‘‘take charge’’ kind of President, and you there. But you’ll have to excuse me if I have been a tremendous asset to this coun- don’t give away absolutely everything that’s try and the world. We, the homebuilders, going to be in this message. support you continuously. Your remarks are Q. Mr. President, you talked just a mo- excellent, and we are ready for you to take ment ago about the credit crunch, and we charge in this State of the Union. And we’re truly appreciate your personal work on be- going to go hand-in-hand down the path half of the credit crunch and all of the work with you to try to get your programs imple- that has been done in that area. mented. We think it very, very important In the meetings I’ve attended in the last that housing leads this economy back to the couple of days here with all of the builders great state that it was before. And we think that have gathered, we’re now confident that together we can do this. that the economic stimulus package will The question I have, Mr. President, is: contain provisions to let housing lead this NAHB has suggested a number of proposals economy forward. to stimulate housing-led economic recovery, I think the big concern here is: Will the including a tax credit and use of IRA’s for credit be available for the builders to then first-time homebuyers and reinstatement of build those homes? And the feedback we’re passive losses and capital gains tax. Is there getting from the builders here today, Mr. any hope that any of these will be included President, is that despite our combined ef- in your State of the Union? forts, you working hard, your administration The President. Hey, listen, I will not be working hard, and us working hard, the betraying any secrets to say that the answer banks and examiners still aren’t getting the to that question is a resounding affirmative. message out according to the builders. I hope you’ll let me off the hook if I don’t Is there anything that can be done more, respond to each and every one of those points, but I think you’re going to be happy Mr. President? Is there anything else we with the message in that regard. can do to get this message out? Our fear You have known, and I don’t say this as is that without it, we’re not going to see targeting what I’m going to say, but you’ve an economic recovery. And as you said so known of my commitment to capital gains. well, sound banks should make sound loans I’ve been hit, as you know, for a capital now. gains tax cut as a tax cut for the rich. It The President. I would welcome sugges- isn’t any such thing. And families benefit. tions from you all after your meetings finish I’m worried, Barbara’s worried about the as to what in addition we might do. decline in the American family. One thing Let me say this. First place, I think the that strengthened it is owning their own regulators do have some responsibility. I home. One thing that puts some value think everyone would agree that we got into under a person’s home is a capital gains kind of a go-go period of excess over the differential. And so I am committed on that past few years and some loans were made one, and you can bet that that’s going to that should have been questioned at the be there. time and that weren’t. And we’re paying an The others, I think you’ll be happy; I’d enormous price. I might say that I take like to stop right there. But the reason I some pride that not one single depositor give you encouragement, without going into has lost money, but it’s taken an awful lot which I will accept and can propose and of money to bail out some questionable won’t propose, is that these initiatives that loans. you’ve talked about here, it’s not a quick What I’m about to say, I am not suggest- fix; it’s not something that’s going to just ing that the Government does not have spread money around in a political year. some obligation in our regulatory authorities They will stimulate investment. And that’s for the soundness of the banking system and what—there’s a crying need for investment the S&L system. I frankly think that there and savings in this country. And let me just has been an overreaction. And we have say philosophically, I feel very comfortable gotten the Treasury to bring into Baltimore with those initiatives that you have outlined the other day well in excess of 500

147 Jan. 24 / Administration of George Bush, 1992 regulators and tell them that what we’re to 1992 and not have it back in the 1930’s looking for is balance. What we’re looking somewhere. We got stiffed by Congress on for is certainly not to go down the path trying to get that banking reform bill that we went down before but to stop im- through. And I’m going to try again on that peding progress and kind of putting a one. I think that will help your industry very damper on this concept that good banks much. should make good loans. And again, the third point, less regulation, We have sent out bulletin after bulletin banking reform, financial reform, and then, to the regulating community out there. I of course, this whole concept of interest have convened meetings with the Chairman rates and inflation being down, setting the of the Fed, Bill Taylor; others from the var- base for a sound recovery for this country. ious Agencies; the Office of Thrift Super- And I don’t want to be accused of being vision, saying, let’s find a reasoned ap- too optimistic because there are still some proach. very, very troubling signs around. But I be- Frankly, I think the pendulum has swung lieve that these things I’ve mentioned here at times too far over in terms of dampening will inevitably contribute to an upturn in the enthusiasm that these lending institu- this economy and an upturn in this industry tions sometimes should have, and that that is absolutely essential. I believe that they’re almost afraid in some areas to make homebuilding will lead the recovery. It’s not loans. So, I hope that the programs we have going to be a lagging industry. It will be in effect of trying to work for the balance a lead industry. I believe the ingredients is good. are there. And I hope that the proposals I’ll be honest with you, we are encounter- I make in the State of the Union will guar- ing some resistance. The Office of the antee, if I can get them through Congress, Comptroller head was held up, because they will guarantee the recovery will be right thought he was lightening up on the regu- around the corner and not way down the latory burden, by a couple of Senators who road. leaned over too far the other way in favor Thank you again. And if there’s another of labeling what we were doing as forbear- one, fine. Otherwise, I’ll let you go back ance. In their view, that meant too little to work. But send the suggestions; if you regulation. I’ve got to do a better job with have specifics, send them along, Jay. Congress, getting them to understand that Q. Thank you, Mr. President, for taking the excesses of regulation are bad. time out of your busy schedule. Ladies and On a fundamental point, I am firmly— gentlemen, let’s give the President of the I am of the conviction that the lower inter- United States a great thank you. est rates have things ready now for a good The President. Good luck to you all. recovery. At some point those interest rates definitely will translate into a much better situation for the homebuyer, for the developer. And some of that hasn’t taken place because of what you’re talking about. I think banks have taken the difference now and tried to strengthen their balance sheets. Note: The President spoke at 3:34 p.m. via They’re getting stronger, and I think that’s satellite from Room 459 of the Old Execu- probably a good thing. tive Office Building to the National Associa- So, we will continue to struggle against tion of Home Builders annual convention this concept of overregulation. Some report and exposition in Las Vegas, NV. In his re- to me arrogance on the part of some regu- marks, he referred to the following associa- lators, and we’re trying very hard to sen- tion officers: Mark E. Tipton, immediate sitize these people. We will continue to past president; Roger Glunt, first vice presi- work hard for a financial reform package dent; Tommy Thompson, vice president and that is long overdue. We’ve got to bring treasurer; Martin Perlman, a past president; these banks and lending institutions, Kent Colton, executive vice president; and through a change in the law, back up now Jay Buchert, president.

148 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / Jan. 24

Letter to Congressional Leaders Transmitting a Report on International Action to Curtail Exports to Iraq January 24, 1992

Dear Mr. Chairman: Sincerely, Enclosed is the second semiannual report GEORGE BUSH on the steps taken by other nations to curtail the export of goods, services, and tech- Note: Identical letters were sent to Robert nologies to Iraq which might contribute to, C. Byrd, chairman of the Senate Appropria- or enhance, Iraq’s nuclear, biological, chem- tions Committee; Claiborne Pell, chairman ical, and ballistic missile capability. This re- of the Senate Foreign Relations Committee; port is submitted pursuant to section Jamie L. Whitten, chairman of the House 586J(c) of the Foreign Operations, Export Appropriations Committee; and Dante B. Financing, and Related Programs Appro- Fascell, chairman of the House Foreign Af- priations Act, 1991 (Public Law 101–513). fairs Committee.

Statement by Press Secretary Fitzwater on the Appointment of W. Henson Moore as Deputy Chief of Staff to the President January 24, 1992

The President intends to appoint W. been a partner with the law firm of Suther- Henson Moore, of Louisiana, as Deputy land, Asbill and Brennan, an Atlanta/Wash- Chief of Staff to the President. Mr. Moore, ington-based firm, since January 1987. He 52, currently serves as Deputy Secretary of was also a Republican candidate for U.S. Energy, a position he has held since 1989. Senate in 1986. Between 1987 and 1988, As Deputy Chief of Staff in the White he also served as one of three American House, Mr. Moore will assist Chief of Staff Commissioners of a Panama Canal Consult- Samuel Skinner in directing the day-to-day ative Committee created by the Panama operations of the White House staff. Canal Treaty. Mr. Moore has served as a Member of Mr. Moore graduated from Louisiana the U.S. House of Representatives from the State University (B.A., 1961; M.A., 1973) Sixth Congressional District in Louisiana, and Louisiana State University Law School 1975–1987. He has served on the Energy (J.D., 1965). He served in the U.S. Army, and Commerce Committee, Ways and 1965–1967. He was born October 4, 1939, Means Committee, and the Budget Com- in Lake Charles, LA. He is married to the mittee and has worked extensively in both former Carolyn Ann Cherry of Franklin, energy and tax policy. Mr. Moore has also LA, and has three children.

Appointment of Sherrie S. Rollins as Assistant to the President for Public Liaison and Intergovernmental Affairs January 24, 1992

The President today announced his inten- and Intergovernmental Affairs. tion to appoint Sherrie S. Rollins to be As- Since 1990, Ms. Rollins has served as di- sistant to the President for Public Liaison

149 Jan. 24 / Administration of George Bush, 1992 rector of news information for ABC News Republican National Conventions. In addi- in New York. Prior to this, she was Assistant tion, she has served as executive director Secretary for Public Affairs at the Depart- of the Business and Professional Association ment of Housing and Urban Development, of Georgetown, 1981–1984. 1989–1990. She has also served as vice Ms. Rollins graduated from the University president of communications for the Oliver of Virginia, receiving a bachelor of arts de- Carr Co. in Washington, DC, 1985–1989. gree in communications. She was born June Ms. Rollins was assistant press secretary for 11, 1958, in Roanoke, VA. She is married the 1984 Reagan-Bush campaign and direc- and resides in Alexandria, VA. tor of media support for the 1984 and 1988

Nomination of Fred T. Goldberg, Jr., To Be Assistant Secretary of the Treasury for Tax Policy January 24, 1992

The President today announced his inten- 1986–1989; Chief Counsel for the Internal tion to nominate Fred T. Goldberg, Jr., of Revenue Service, 1984–1986; and a partner Missouri, to be an Assistant Secretary of the with the law firm of Latham, Watkins & Treasury for Tax Policy. He would succeed Hills, 1982–1984. From 1981 to 1982, Mr. Kenneth W. Gideon. Goldberg served as Assistant to the Com- Since 1989 Mr. Goldberg has served as missioner of the Internal Revenue Service. Commissioner of the Internal Revenue Mr. Goldberg graduated from Yale Uni- Service at the Department of the Treasury versity (B.A., 1969; J.D., 1973). He was in Washington, DC. Prior to this, Mr. Gold- born October 15, 1947, in St. Louis, MO. berg served as a partner with the law firm Mr. Goldberg is married, has five children, of Skadden, Arps, Slate, Meagher & Flom, and resides in Potomac, MD.

Nomination of Shirley D. Peterson To Be Commissioner of Internal Revenue January 24, 1992

The President today announced his inten- firm of Steptoe & Johnson in Washington, tion to nominate Shirley D. Peterson, of DC. Maryland, to be Commissioner of Internal Ms. Peterson graduated from Bryn Mawr Revenue, Department of the Treasury. She College (A.B., 1963) and New York Univer- would succeed Fred T. Goldberg, Jr. sity School of Law (LL.B., 1967). She was Currently Ms. Peterson serves as Assistant born September 3, 1941, in Holly, CO. Ms. Attorney General for the Tax Division at Peterson is married, has two children, and the Department of Justice. From 1969 to resides in Bethesda, MD. 1989, she served as a partner with the law

150 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / Jan. 27

Remarks at the Annual Convention of the National Religious Broadcasters January 27, 1992

Thank you for that wonderfully warm wel- partisan speech, and I appreciated so much come. And to President Dave Clark, may what David Clark said about values. I want I thank you, sir; Brandt Gustavson, the ex- to speak of the values that I know you all ecutive director. And let me salute your believe in, values which sustain America, leadership of the NRB. I understand that values that are always in fashion. former Secretary Dole was to be here; I The first value is not simply American but don’t know that she is. I know FCC Chair- universal. And I refer to the sanctity of life. man Sykes is. And I see, of course, two I will stand on the side of choosing life. good, respected friends, Jim Dobson and Next comes a value which gives each life Billy Graham. meaning: the self-reliance central to the dig- Ladies and gentlemen, this marks the fifth nity of work. Go to the barrios of San Anto- time that I’ve had the honor of addressing nio or the suburbs of St. Paul, and there the annual convention of the National Reli- you will find people who ask for only what gious Broadcasters. A year ago we met in our forefathers had, the same opportunity the first week of a struggle to protect what which helped us brave independence, push is right and true. And I came before you back the wilderness, win two World Wars, to talk of what was not a Christian or Jewish and create the highest standard of living in war, not a Moslem war. It was a just war. the history of man. The Bible reminds us, And in the Persian Gulf we fought for good ‘‘By thy works shall ye know them.’’ What versus evil. It was that clear to me: right we must do is give working Americans that versus wrong, dignity against oppression. level playing field to keep us as rich in And America stood fast so that liberty could goods as we have been blessed in spirit. stand tall. Today I want to thank you for helping Tomorrow I’m giving a speech. [Laugh- America, as Christ ordained, to be ‘‘a light ter] The State of the Union Address will unto the world.’’ Your support honored the detail how we can nurture creativity as old finest soldiers, the finest sailors, marines, as 1776, harness it to the needs of a new airmen, and coastguardsmen that any nation American century. Remember, to this day has ever known. And what they did in war, the only footsteps on the Moon are Amer- let us now do in peace. Just as our forces ican footsteps. The only flag on the Moon fought to defend all of what is best about is the Stars and Stripes. The knowledge that America, we need you to help instill the put it there is stamped ‘‘Made in the traditional values that make life and liberty U.S.A.’’ Yes, the world looks to us to lead, worth defending. and lead we will. Americans can outwork, Let me begin with some good news for outproduce, outcompete any nation in the modern man. According to Gallup, the Gal- world. And we must do all we can to further lup surveys, no society is more religious that end. And I will do my level-best. And than the United States of America. Seven I need your help. in ten Americans believe in life after death; The next value I speak of must be forever 8 in 10, that God works miracles. Nine in cast in stone. I speak of decency, the moral ten Americans pray. And more than 90 per- courage to say what is right and condemn cent believe in God, to which I say, thank what is wrong. And we need a Nation closer God. I wish it were 100 percent. to ‘‘The Waltons’’ than ‘‘The Simpsons’’— Now, I know this is an election year. And [laughter]—an America that rejects the inci- I don’t know about Damascus, but this pri- vility, the tide of incivility, and the tide of mary season we’re seeing a lot of conver- intolerance. We see this tide in the naked sions on the road to New Hampshire. epithet and in the code words that play to [Laughter] But I don’t want this to be a our worst prejudices. We see it when

151 Jan. 27 / Administration of George Bush, 1992 people ridicule religion and religious lead- choice that I got under the GI bill or that ers, like the group which desecrated com- college kids now get under the Pell grant munion hosts on the steps of St. Patrick’s or that ex-servicemen now get under the Cathedral. We see this tide of incivility and Montgomery bill. intolerance in bigotry, in discrimination, and Last week, I announced another policy to anti-Semitism. strengthen the family, expanding the pre- Have they no decency? Have they no school program to serve all those 4-year- honor? Have they no respect for the rights olds who are eligible, the largest funding of others? I will continue to speak out increase in the history of project Head against these apostles of hate who poison Start. And when this is enacted, we will be our kids’ minds and debase their souls. much closer to achieving one of our six na- There is no place, whatever our views, there tional educational goals, that every is no place in America for religious preju- schoolchild should start school ready to dice, for anti-Semitism, or racial prejudice. learn. This, then, brings me to a fourth value And finally, families will stay together crucial to America: the belief in the family, only if drugs do not drive them apart. Win- the foundation of our strength. Take my ning the war on drugs means waging war kids, for example. Having helped put them on crime. Now, we’ve made the commit- through college, I remember receiving let- ment. And altogether, the new Federal ters from them. Barbara does, too. And budget that I’ll introduce 2 days from now there would always be a P.S. at the bottom. It was those three words that said so much will increase spending to combat crime by about the bond between parents at home $1.2 billion, to a total of almost $16 billion. and kids at school, ‘‘Please send money.’’ Now that’s nearly 60 percent higher than [Laughter] when I took office in 1989. But this one is true. The other day I was My new budget will provide a half a bil- visited by the leaders of the National lion dollars for an initiative that we call League of Cities, mayors from big cities and ‘‘Weed and Seed.’’ Not enthralled with the small, liberal and conservative, Republican name, but listen to what it does. [Laughter] and Democrat. And they were unanimous Today our very able Attorney General, Bill in their view that the major underlying Barr, point man in this new operation, is problem in our cities is the decline of the spelling out all its details. But let me say American family. And they are right; too this much right now. ‘‘Weed and Seed’’ often, family is under siege. Each one of works this way. First, we join Federal, State, us, parents, preachers, politicians, and and local forces to weed out the gang lead- teachers, must do our part to defend it. I ers, the violent criminals, the drug dealers do not want one single action that I take who plague our neighborhoods. And when as President to weaken the American family. we break their deadly grip, we follow up And I want to strengthen it in every way with part two: We seed those neighbor- that I can. Every law that is passed should hoods with expanded educational opportuni- guard against weakening the family. ties, job training, health care, and other so- And that is why I insisted that the child cial services. But the key to the ‘‘seed’’ con- care bill that I signed in 1990 allow parents, cept will be jobs-generating initiatives such not bureaucrats, to decide how to care for as enterprise zones to give people who call their children. I refused to see the option these neighborhoods home something to of a religious-based child care restricted or hope for. eliminated. There is more to do to win the final vic- Our national education strategy—we call tory in our war on drugs. We are making it America 2000, and it is an exciting pro- progress. We are winning. Over the past gram—helps the family by enhancing paren- 4 years, marijuana, crack, and cocaine use tal involvement in education, insisting that has definitively declined. And what’s more, choice include both private and public today kids aged 9 to 12 are the most anti- schools. I do not believe it is unconstitu- drug group in America. The highest at-risk tional for schoolkids to have the same group remains 13- to 17-year-olds. But last

152 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / Jan. 27 year, for the first time, 13-year-olds mir- War, and five times in this century sent rored the behavior of preteenagers. Americans into major battle. Drugs affect a multitude of issues. They And yet, freedom is not ours alone; it is contribute to AIDS; they contribute to our most treasured export. If you doubt homelessness, shattering families and fu- freedom’s victory, look to the Persian Gulf. tures, hopes and dreams. And that’s why, Look to the former Soviet Union, where literally, we should thank God for the drug those once oppressed crowd reopened use decline. The drop in use doesn’t just churches and synagogues. Look to Eastern prove we were right in our assault on sub- Europe, where Christmas carols warm the stance use, it shows how we can achieve bright winter chill. It is written, ‘‘In the be- drugs’ unconditional surrender. We will triumph through tough enforcement and ginning was the Word.’’ Here is the word through education, increasing awareness of for 1992: Today, the times are on the side the damage drugs do. of peace because the world, increasingly, is And in that spirit, let us resolve to treat on the side of God. the victims of AIDS and drug abuse with I remember an early trip to the Soviet compassion and caring. Let us redouble our Union by our friend Billy Graham. He came efforts to help with treatment and with edu- back, and he reported that faith in God was cation. That will help eliminate the risks in- very much alive in Russia. And some hard- volved. liners ridiculed him. Some even thought he Over the last 4 years, more kids talked shouldn’t go. Today, we see that he clearly about drugs with their parents and teachers. was right. Another reason for drug use decline has This brings me, then, to the ultimate been America’s print and electronic media, value that sustains America and the values the major source of drug information and I have already cited: a belief in prayer. Ob- the primary influencer on drug use, espe- viously, no country can claim a special place cially among the young. Together, they have in God’s heart. Yet we are better as a peo- helped reawaken America’s conscience ple because He has a special place in ours. which, in turn, inspires America’s greatness. Later today I will unveil our fourth na- I once asked one of my grandkids how tional drug control strategy to build on he felt about prayer. And he said, ‘‘Just try these beginnings. It will say no to drugs. getting through a math test without it.’’ It will say yes to life. But it cannot just [Laughter] In Sunday school children learn be done by the Government. To stop drug that God is everywhere, but in public school use will require caring and community, they find that He’s absent from class. And above all, abundant love. I continue to believe, as do the overwhelm- Let me tell you, remind you, for some ing majority of Americans, in the right to of you, tell you others a story. Once, a great nondenominational voluntary school prayer. First Lady, Pat Nixon, toured a medical The values I have spoken of remind us center. And she stopped to embrace a little of the truth that comes on one’s knees. And girl that was blinded by rubella. And for I believe with all my heart that one cannot a few minutes, she talked to the girl and have this job, cannot be America’s Presi- held her close. And then later, someone told dent, without a belief in God, without a her that the child was deaf as well as blind. belief in prayer. And Pat answered that she had known that. The poet Walt Whitman once asked what ‘‘But she knows what love is,’’ Mrs. Nixon made America America, and he replied sim- said. ‘‘She can feel love.’’ ply, ‘‘Its religion. Otherwise there is no real America’s love is conveyed in many ways: and permanent grandeur.’’ Let that be our in what we oppose, injustice and tyranny; in what we support, the inalienable rights essence as a people and our message as a that include the freedom to think and Nation. dream and worship and, yes, vote as we Thank you for this occasion. And may please. To preserve our liberty, America God bless this most wondrous land on once deposed a king, fought a great Civil

153 Jan. 27 / Administration of George Bush, 1992

Earth, the United States of America. Thank marks, he referred to James Dobson, clinical you very, very much. psychologist and president of Focus on the Family, and evangelist Billy Graham. Note: The President spoke at 11:59 a.m. at the Sheraton Washington Hotel. In his re-

Appointment of Les T. Csorba as a Special Assistant to the President and Associate Director of Presidential Personnel for National Security Affairs January 27, 1992

The President has announced his inten- to the President for Public Liaison. In addition to appoint Les T. Csorba to be Special tion, he served on the transition staff in the Assistant to the President and Associate Di- Office of the President-Elect in 1988; on rector of Presidential Personnel for National the national voter coalitions staff during Security Affairs. He would succeed Jose E. George Bush for President, 1988; and as Martinez. a member of the Bush/Quayle ’88 National Since 1989, Mr. Csorba has served as Act- Youth Steering Committee, 1988. ing Associate Director of Boards and Com- The son of 1956 Hungarian refugees, Mr. missions in the Office of Presidential Per- Csorba is a naturalized United States citi- sonnel, the National Security Deputy Asso- zen. Mr. Csorba graduated from the Univer- ciate Director of Boards and Commissions, and Special Assistant in the Office of Spe- sity of California, Davis (B.A., 1985). A Sun- cial Placement and Administration in the day school teacher at the First Baptist Office of Presidential Personnel. In 1989, Church of Alexandria, he is married, has he served as deputy to the Special Assistant one child, and resides in Alexandria, VA.

Remarks at a Drug Control Strategy Meeting January 27, 1992

Thank you all very much. And let me sin- The poison of drug abuse and the violence gle out those gentlemen with me: Governor it breeds have left a trail of death and de- Bob Martinez; Attorney General, Mr. Barr; struction in our cities. And anyone who lives Secretary Sullivan; and Secretary of Edu- in a big city knows of places close to home cation Alexander. It’s a pleasure to be with that look like war zones, with the neighbor- all of you, and I’m especially happy to wel- hoods burned and scarred, tyrannized by come the Ambassadors of Bolivia, Colom- gangs, by drug gangs. Gang violence is bia, Ecuador, Mexico, Peru, and Venezuela, claiming the lives of kids who get caught neighbors with whom we’re intensifying our up in drugs, and the drug gangs’ gun battles cooperation in the fight against drugs. And are even stealing the lives of innocent by- ladies and gentlemen all, thank you. standers. I’ve been briefed on what kind of a pres- We haven’t won this war yet, but I’m de- tigious audience, an important group we termined that we will. Everybody that is have here with us today. All of us are here working the problem is determined that we today to give you an update on America’s will win this war. It is imperative that we war against drug abuse. put more resources into our fight. Accord- First, let me say it is a real war. This ingly, I’m asking the Congress for fiscal ’93 isn’t a headline writer’s hype of some sort.

154 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / Jan. 27 to provide $12.7 billion to wage this war ple are getting the message. Millions and on drugs. If Congress approves my request, millions more of our kids are listening to funding for the war against drugs will have good advice and saving themselves from the increased by 93 percent to nearly double lives of addiction and misery. Of course, one the level of just 3 years ago when I took life sacrificed to the demons of drugs or office. drug abuse violence is one too many. Saving We start by taking our Federal dollars to those lives has got to be everyone’s mission, the front lines. More than one-quarter of from Federal officials to county prosecutors our proposed Federal budget for drug con- and cops on the beat. trol, more money than ever before, will go We cannot gain total victory without the to assist State and local government in their strength and the resolve and the dedication drug control programs. Treatment and pre- of countless volunteers. Every time an indi- vention programs, working to reduce the vidual parent or teacher or clergyman moti- demand for drugs, would receive over $4.1 vates a young person to say no to drug billion in 1993. We will expand programs abuse, we as a nation move much closer to help high-risk groups like adolescents and to our goal. So let me say as clearly as I pregnant women. We’ll increase emergency possibly can: Success in the drug war de- grants for drug-free schools and commu- pends crucially on our churches and syna- nities by 100 percent. And we’ll increase gogues; our schools; our service clubs and by 15 percent the Federal funding for com- young people’s organizations; and most immunity partnership grants in the fight portant, American families, strengthened by against drugs. Community partnership the virtues and bonds of love and honor grants help good neighbors like the volun- and just plain strength. American families, teers who brought about the demolition of that’s the key. more than 800 crack houses in Miami. And we’re continuing the excellent HUD drug Before I turn the program over to Gov- elimination program where we’ve increased ernor Martinez, who’s doing a superb job annual funding from $8.2 million to 165 in this field, let me mention again some- million since ’89. This HUD program has thing that we announced last week, namely helped such citizens as the men and women that he and I will be meeting next month of Chicago’s Cabrini-Green housing project with the Presidents of Colombia, Bolivia, in their efforts to get those drug gangs out Peru, Venezuela, and Ecuador and Mexico. of their buildings. This will be the second regional drug sum- As President, I am determined that our mit. We must work more effectively than Federal authorities offer all the support that ever with these nations in fighting the they possibly can to the communities that spread of drugs. And I’ll drive home the make this full commitment. You have my message that there are no half measures. word: I will demand an equal commitment I will also convince those world leaders, from the Congress. No American, young or leaders of those countries that we are tack- old or in-between, should have to live in ling the demand side of the equation. I re- fear. member Cartagena, and I remember there We’ve made real progress in this fight was some doubt on the parts of those Presi- against drug abuse, drug use. Between ’88 dents as to what we were doing at home and ’91, current overall drug use dropped on the demand side. I think now we have by 13 percent, while among adolescents a good record with real progress to report drug use dropped by 27 percent. Cocaine to them. It makes a difference to how they use tells the same story. While current use can go about using their resources in their of this deadly drug among the general popu- countries. lation decreased by 35 percent, 35, among Now I’d like to turn the podium over to teenagers it dropped by 63 percent. Bob Martinez and the other briefers who Now, think about that last one, that last are working so hard to win this drug war. statistic. Compared with 4 years ago, almost And I really do thank each of you for your two-thirds fewer of our kids are falling for commitment and for your effort. I will sin- the temptation of cocaine. Our young peo- gle out just one group here, the Partner-

155 Jan. 27 / Administration of George Bush, 1992 ship against drugs, where we have this mar- tinue this fight until we can say, each one velous media effort going on now. It’s about of us, that we have conquered the scourge $1 million a day being spent on pro bono of drug abuse. advertising to get the message to the young Thank you very much for letting me pop people. And that is not Government; that in. is volunteers taking that message to the people of this country. Note: The President spoke at 2:05 p.m. in And there are so many wonderful stories Room 450 of the Old Executive Office Build- of that nature, and I know many of the ing. In his remarks, he referred to Bob Mar- programs that work are represented by peo- tinez, Director of the Office of National ple right here. So I do thank you for your Drug Control Policy, and to the Partnership commitment and your effort, and let’s con- for a Drug-Free America.

Presidential Determination No. 92–11—Memorandum on Export- Import Bank Services for Latvia, Lithuania, and Estonia January 28, 1992

Memorandum for the Secretary of State and participate in the extension of credit Subject: Presidential Determination under in connection with the purchase or lease Subsection 2(b)(2)(D)(i) of the Export- of any product by, for use in, or for sale Import Bank Act of 1945, as Amended— or lease to Latvia, Lithuania, and Estonia. Latvia, Lithuania, and Estonia You are authorized and directed to report this determination to the Congress and to Pursuant to subsection 2(b)(2)(D)(i) of publish it in the Federal Register. the Export-Import Bank Act of 1945, as amended (12 U.S.C. 635(b)(2)(D)(i)), I de- GEORGE BUSH termine that it is in the national interest for the Export-Import Bank of the United [Filed with the Office of the Federal Reg- States to guarantee, insure, extend credit, ister, 2:35 p.m., February 13, 1992]

Address Before a Joint Session of the Congress on the State of the Union January 28, 1992

Mr. Speaker and Mr. President, of big changes and the promises they hold, distinguished Members of Congress, and of some big problems and how, to- honored guests, and fellow citizens: gether, we can solve them and move our Thank you very much for that warm re- country forward as the undisputed leader ception. You know, with the big buildup this of the age. address has had, I wanted to make sure it We gather tonight at a dramatic and would be a big hit, but I couldn’t convince deeply promising time in our history and in Barbara to deliver it for me. [Laughter] the history of man on Earth. For in the past I see the Speaker and the Vice President 12 months, the world has known changes of are laughing. They saw what I did in Japan, almost Biblical proportions. And even now, and they’re just happy they’re sitting behind months after the failed coup that doomed a me. [Laughter] failed system, I’m not sure we’ve absorbed I mean to speak tonight of big things,

156 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / Jan. 28 the full impact, the full import of what hap- did; doesn’t anymore. And here’s a fact I pened. But communism died this year. wouldn’t mind the world acknowledging: Even as President, with the most fascinat- The American taxpayer bore the brunt of ing possible vantage point, there were times the burden and deserves a hunk of the when I was so busy managing progress and glory. helping to lead change that I didn’t always So now, for the first time in 35 years, show the joy that was in my heart. But the our strategic bombers stand down. No biggest thing that has happened in the longer are they on ’round-the-clock alert. world in my life, in our lives, is this: By Tomorrow our children will go to school the grace of God, America won the cold and study history and how plants grow. And war. they won’t have, as my children did, air raid I mean to speak this evening of the drills in which they crawl under their desks changes that can take place in our country, and cover their heads in case of nuclear now that we can stop making the sacrifices war. My grandchildren don’t have to do that we had to make when we had an avowed and won’t have the bad dreams children had enemy that was a superpower. Now we can once, in decades past. There are still look homeward even more and move to set threats. But the long, drawn-out dread is right what needs to be set right. over. I will speak of those things. But let me A year ago tonight, I spoke to you at a tell you something I’ve been thinking these past few months. It’s a kind of rollcall of moment of high peril. American forces had honor. For the cold war didn’t end; it was just unleashed Operation Desert Storm. won. And I think of those who won it, in And after 40 days in the desert skies and places like Korea and Vietnam. And some 4 days on the ground, the men and women of them didn’t come back. Back then they of America’s Armed Forces and our allies were heroes, but this year they were victors. accomplished the goals that I declared and The long rollcall, all the G.I. Joes and that you endorsed: We liberated Kuwait. Janes, all the ones who fought faithfully for Soon after, the Arab world and Israel sat freedom, who hit the ground and sucked down to talk seriously and comprehensively the dust and knew their share of horror. about peace, an historic first. And soon after This may seem frivolous, and I don’t mean that, at Christmas, the last American hos- it so, but it’s moving to me how the world tages came home. Our policies were vindi- saw them. The world saw not only their cated. special valor but their special style: their Much good can come from the prudent rambunctious, optimistic bravery, their do- use of power. And much good can come or-die unity unhampered by class or race of this: A world once divided into two or region. What a group we’ve put forth, armed camps now recognizes one sole and for generations now, from the ones who preeminent power, the United States of wrote ‘‘Kilroy was here’’ on the walls of the America. And they regard this with no German stalags to those who left signs in dread. For the world trusts us with power, the Iraqi desert that said, ‘‘I saw Elvis.’’ and the world is right. They trust us to be What a group of kids we’ve sent out into fair and restrained. They trust us to be on the world. the side of decency. They trust us to do And there’s another to be singled out, what’s right. though it may seem inelegant, and I mean I use those words advisedly. A few days a mass of people called the American tax- after the war began, I received a telegram payer. No one ever thinks to thank the peo- from Joanne Speicher, the wife of the first ple who pay a country’s bill or an alliance’s pilot killed in the Gulf, Lieutenant Com- bill. But for half a century now, the Amer- mander Scott Speicher. Even in her grief, ican people have shouldered the burden she wanted me to know that some day when and paid taxes that were higher than they her children were old enough, she would would have been to support a defense that tell them ‘‘that their father went away to was bigger than it would have been if impe- war because it was the right thing to do.’’ rial communism had never existed. But it And she said it all: It was the right

157 Jan. 28 / Administration of George Bush, 1992 thing to do. fidence. But do not misunderstand me. The And we did it together. There were hon- reductions I have approved will save us an est differences right here in this Chamber. additional $50 billion over the next 5 years. But when the war began, you put partisan- By 1997, we will have cut defense by 30 ship aside, and we supported our troops. percent since I took office. These cuts are This is still a time for pride, but this is deep, and you must know my resolve: This no time to boast. For problems face us, and deep, and no deeper. To do less would be we must stand together once again and insensible to progress, but to do more solve them and not let our country down. would be ignorant of history. We must not Two years ago, I began planning cuts in go back to the days of ‘‘the hollow army.’’ military spending that reflected the changes We cannot repeat the mistakes made twice of the new era. But now, this year, with in this century when armistice was followed imperial communism gone, that process can by recklessness and defense was purged as be accelerated. Tonight I can tell you of if the world were permanently safe. dramatic changes in our strategic nuclear I remind you this evening that I have force. These are actions we are taking on asked for your support in funding a program our own because they are the right thing to protect our country from limited nuclear to do. After completing 20 planes for which missile attack. We must have this protection we have begun procurement, we will shut because too many people in too many coun- down further production of the B–2 bomb- tries have access to nuclear arms. And I ers. We will cancel the small ICBM pro- urge you again to pass the Strategic Defense gram. We will cease production of new war- Initiative, SDI. heads for our sea-based ballistic missiles. We will stop all new production of the There are those who say that now we can Peacekeeper missile. And we will not pur- turn away from the world, that we have no chase any more advanced cruise missiles. special role, no special place. But we are This weekend I will meet at Camp David the United States of America, the leader with Boris Yeltsin of the Russian Federa- of the West that has become the leader of tion. I’ve informed President Yeltsin that if the world. And as long as I am President, the Commonwealth, the former Soviet I will continue to lead in support of free- Union, will eliminate all land-based mul- dom everywhere, not out of arrogance, not tiple-warhead ballistic missiles, I will do the out of altruism, but for the safety and secu- following: We will eliminate all Peacekeeper rity of our children. This is a fact: Strength missiles. We will reduce the number of war- in the pursuit of peace is no vice; isolation- heads on Minuteman missiles to one and ism in the pursuit of security is no virtue. reduce the number of warheads on our sea- And now to our troubles at home. They’re based missiles by about one-third. And we not all economic; the primary problem is will convert a substantial portion of our stra- our economy. There are some good signs. tegic bombers to primarily conventional use. Inflation, that thief, is down. And interest President Yeltsin’s early response has been rates are down. But unemployment is too very positive, and I expect our talks at high, some industries are in trouble, and Camp David to be fruitful. growth is not what it should be. Let me I want you to know that for half a century, tell you right from the start and right from American Presidents have longed to make the heart, I know we’re in hard times. But such decisions and say such words. But even I know something else: This will not stand. in the midst of celebration, we must keep In this Chamber, in this Chamber we can caution as a friend. For the world is still bring the same courage and sense of com- a dangerous place. Only the dead have seen mon purpose to the economy that we the end of conflict. And though yesterday’s brought to Desert Storm. And we can de- challenges are behind us, tomorrow’s are feat hard times together. I believe you’ll being born. help. One reason is that you’re patriots, and The Secretary of Defense recommended you want the best for your country. And I these cuts after consultation with the Joint believe that in your hearts you want to put Chiefs of Staff. And I make them with con- partisanship aside and get the job done be-

158 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / Jan. 28 cause it’s the right thing to do. new transportation bill provides more than The power of America rests in a stirring $150 billion for construction and mainte- but simple idea, that people will do great nance projects that are vital to our growth things if only you set them free. Well, we’re and well-being. And that means jobs build- going to set the economy free. For if this ing roads, jobs building bridges, and jobs age of miracles and wonders has taught us building railways. anything, it’s that if we can change the And I have, this evening, directed the world we can change America. We must en- Secretary of the Treasury to change the courage investment. We must make it easier Federal tax withholding tables. With this for people to invest money and create new change, millions of Americans from whom products, new industries, and new jobs. We the Government withholds more than nec- must clear away the obstacles to growth: essary can now choose to have the Govern- high taxes, high regulation, redtape, and yes, ment withhold less from their paychecks. wasteful Government spending. None of this will happen with a snap of Something tells me a number of taxpayers the fingers, but it will happen. And the test may take us up on this one. This initiative of a plan isn’t whether it’s called new or could return about $25 billion back into our dazzling. The American people aren’t im- economy over the next 12 months, money pressed by gimmicks; they’re smarter on people can use to help pay for clothing, col- this score than all of us in this room. The lege, or to get a new car. Finally, working only test of a plan is: Is it sound, and will with the Federal Reserve, we will continue it work? to support monetary policy that keeps both We must have a short-term plan to ad- interest rates and inflation down. dress our immediate needs and heat up the Now, these are the things I can do. And economy. And then we need a longer term now, Members of Congress, let me tell you plan to keep combustion going and to guar- what you can do for your country. You must antee our place in the world economy. pass the other elements of my plan to meet There are certain things that a President our economic needs. Everyone knows that can do without Congress, and I’m going to investment spurs recovery. I am proposing do them. this evening a change in the alternative min- I have, this evening, asked major Cabinet imum tax and the creation of a new 15- departments and Federal agencies to insti- percent investment tax allowance. This will tute a 90-day moratorium on any new Fed- encourage businesses to accelerate invest- eral regulations that could hinder growth. ment and bring people back to work. In those 90 days, major departments and Real estate has led our economy out of agencies will carry out a top-to-bottom re- almost all the tough times we’ve ever had. view of all regulations, old and new, to stop Once building starts, carpenters and plumb- the ones that will hurt growth and speed up those that will help growth. ers work; people buy homes and take out Further, for the untold number of hard- mortgages. My plan would modify the pas- working, responsible American workers and sive loss rule for active real estate devel- business men and women who’ve been opers. And it would make it easier for pen- forced to go without needed bank loans, the sion plans to purchase real estate. For those banking credit crunch must end. I won’t Americans who dream of buying a first neglect my responsibility for sound regula- home but who can’t quite afford it, my plan tions that serve the public good, but regu- would allow first-time homebuyers to with- latory overkill must be stopped. And I’ve draw savings from IRA’s without penalty instructed our Government regulators to and provide a $5,000 tax credit for the first stop it. purchase of that home. I have directed Cabinet departments and And finally, my immediate plan calls on Federal agencies to speed up progrowth ex- Congress to give crucial help to people who penditures as quickly as possible. This own a home, to everyone who has a busi- should put an extra $10 billion into the ness or a farm or a single investment. This economy in the next 6 months. And our time, at this hour, I cannot take no for an

159 Jan. 28 / Administration of George Bush, 1992 answer. You must cut the capital gains tax future and far more important than yours on the people of our country. Never has is the well-being of our country. Members an issue been more demagogued by its op- of this Chamber are practical people, and ponents. But the demagogs are wrong. They I know you won’t resent some practical ad- are wrong, and they know it. Sixty percent vice. When people put their party’s for- of the people who benefit from lower cap- tunes, whatever the party, whatever side of ital gains have incomes under $50,000. A this aisle, before the public good, they court cut in the capital gains tax increases jobs defeat not only for their country but for and helps just about everyone in our coun- themselves. And they will certainly deserve try. And so, I’m asking you to cut the capital it. gains tax to a maximum of 15.4 percent. I submit my plan tomorrow, and I’m ask- I’ll tell you, those of you who say, ‘‘Oh, ing you to pass it by March 20th. And I no, someone who’s comfortable may benefit ask the American people to let you know from that,’’ you kind of remind me of the they want this action by March 20th. From old definition of the Puritan who couldn’t the day after that, if it must be, the battle sleep at night, worrying that somehow, is joined. And you know, when principle is someone somewhere was out having a good at stake I relish a good, fair fight. time. [Laughter] The opponents of this I said my plan has two parts, and it does. measure and those who have authored var- And it’s the second part that is the heart ious so-called soak-the-rich bills that are of the matter. For it’s not enough to get floating around this Chamber should be reminded of something: When they aim at an immediate burst. We need long-term im- the big guy, they usually hit the little guy. provement in our economic position. We all And maybe it’s time that stopped. know that the key to our economic future This, then, is my short-term plan. Your is to ensure that America continues as an part, Members of Congress, requires enact- economic leader of the world. We have that ment of these commonsense proposals that in our power. Here, then, is my long-term will have a strong effect on the economy plan to guarantee our future. without breaking the budget agreement and First, trade: We will work to break down without raising tax rates. the walls that stop world trade. We will While my plan is being passed and kick- work to open markets everywhere. And in ing in, we’ve got to care for those in trouble our major trade negotiations, I will continue today. I have provided for up to $4.4 billion pushing to eliminate tariffs and subsidies in my budget to extend Federal unemploy- that damage America’s farmers and workers. ment benefits. And I ask for congressional And we’ll get more good American jobs action right away. And I thank the commit- within our own hemisphere through the tee. [Applause] Well, at last. North American free trade agreement and Let’s be frank. Let’s be frank. Let me through the Enterprise for the Americas level with you. I know and you know that Initiative. my plan is unveiled in a political season. But changes are here, and more are com- [Laughter] I know and you know that every- ing. The workplace of the future will de- thing I propose will be viewed by some in mand more highly skilled workers than ever, merely partisan terms. But I ask you to more people who are computer-literate, know what is in my heart. And my aim is highly educated. We must be the world’s to increase our Nation’s good. I’m doing leader in education. And we must revolu- what I think is right, and I am proposing tionize America’s schools. My America what I know will help. 2000 strategy will help us reach that goal. I pride myself that I’m a prudent man, My plan will give parents more choice, and I believe that patience is a virtue. But give teachers more flexibility, and help I understand that politics is, for some, a communities create new American schools. game and that sometimes the game is to Thirty States across the Nation have stop all progress and then decry the lack established America 2000 programs. Hun- of improvement. [Laughter] But let me tell dreds of cities and towns have joined in. you: Far more important than my political Now Congress must join this great move-

160 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / Jan. 28 ment: Pass my proposals for new American for a fellow on an assembly line costs thou- schools. sands of dollars, the cost goes into the prod- That was my second long-term proposal, ucts he makes, and you pay the bill. and here’s my third: We must make com- We must make a choice. Now, some pre- monsense investments that will help us tend we can have it both ways. They call compete, long-term, in the marketplace. We it ‘‘play or pay,’’ but that expensive approach must encourage research and development. is unstable. It will mean higher taxes, fewer My plan is to make the R&D tax credit jobs, and eventually a system under com- permanent and to provide record levels of plete Government control. support, over $76 billion this year alone, for Really, there are only two options. And people who will explore the promise of we can move toward a nationalized system, emerging technologies. Fourth, we must do something about a system which will restrict patient choice crime and drugs. It is time for a major, in picking a doctor and force the Govern- renewed investment in fighting violent ment to ration services arbitrarily. And what street crime. It saps our strength and hurts we’ll get is patients in long lines, indifferent our faith in our society and in our future service, and a huge new tax burden. Or we together. Surely a tired woman on her way can reform our own private health care sys- to work at 6 in the morning on a subway tem, which still gives us, for all its flaws, deserves the right to get there safely. And the best quality health care in the world. surely it’s true that everyone who changes Well, let’s build on our strengths. My plan his or her life because of crime, from those provides insurance security for all Ameri- afraid to go out at night to those afraid to cans while preserving and increasing the walk in the parks they pay for, surely these idea of choice. We make basic health insur- people have been denied a basic civil right. ance affordable for all low-income people It is time to restore it. Congress, pass my not now covered, and we do it by providing comprehensive crime bill. It is tough on a health insurance tax credit of up to $3,750 criminals and supportive of police, and it for each low-income family. And the middle has been languishing in these hallowed halls class gets help, too. And by reforming the for years now. Pass it. Help your country. health insurance market, my plan assures Fifth, I ask you tonight to fund our that Americans will have access to basic HOPE housing proposal and to pass my en- health insurance even if they change jobs terprise zone legislation which will get busi- or develop serious health problems. We nesses into the inner city. We must em- must bring costs under control, preserve power the poor with the pride that comes quality, preserve choice, and reduce the from owning a home, getting a job, becom- people’s nagging daily worry about health ing a part of things. My plan would encour- insurance. My plan, the details of which I’ll age real estate construction by extending tax announce very shortly, does just that. incentives for mortgage revenue bonds and low-income housing. And I ask tonight for Seventh, we must get the Federal deficit record expenditures for the program that under control. We now have, in law, en- helps children born into want move into ex- forceable spending caps and a requirement cellence, Head Start. that we pay for the programs we create. Step six, we must reform our health care There are those in Congress who would system. For this, too, bears on whether or ease that discipline now. But I cannot let not we can compete in the world. American them do it, and I won’t. health costs have been exploding. This year My plan would freeze all domestic discre- America will spend over $800 billion on tionary budget authority, which means no health, and that is expected to grow to 1.6 more next year than this year. I will not trillion by the end of the decade. We simply tamper with Social Security, but I would cannot afford this. The cost of health care put real caps on the growth of uncontrolled shows up not only in your family budget spending. And I would also freeze Federal but in the price of everything we buy and domestic Government employment. And everything we sell. When health coverage with the help of Congress, my plan will get

161 Jan. 28 / Administration of George Bush, 1992 rid of 246 programs that don’t deserve Fed- They asked for this Commission, and they eral funding. Some of them have noble ti- were right to ask because it’s time to deter- tles, but none of them is indispensable. We mine what we can do to keep families to- can get rid of each and every one of them. gether, strong and sound. You know, it’s time we rediscovered a There’s one thing we can do right away: home truth the American people have never Ease the burden of rearing a child. I ask forgotten: This Government is too big and you tonight to raise the personal exemption spends too much. And I call upon Congress by $500 per child for every family. For a to adopt a measure that will help put an family with four kids, that’s an increase of end to the annual ritual of filling the budget $2,000. This is a good start in the right di- with pork barrel appropriations. Every year, rection, and it’s what we can afford. the press has a field day making fun of outrageous examples: a Lawrence Welk mu- It’s time to allow families to deduct the seum, research grants for Belgian endive. interest they pay on student loans. I am We all know how these things get into the asking you to do just that. And I’m asking budget, and maybe you need someone to you to allow people to use money from their help you say no. I know how to say it, and IRA’s to pay medical and education ex- I know what I need to make it stick. Give penses, all without penalties. me the same thing 43 Governors have, the And I’m asking for more. Ask American line-item veto, and let me help you control parents what they dislike about how things spending. are going in our country, and chances are We must put an end to unfinanced Fed- good that pretty soon they’ll get to welfare. eral Government mandates. These are the Americans are the most generous people on requirements Congress puts on our cities, Earth. But we have to go back to the insight counties, and States without supplying the of Franklin Roosevelt who, when he spoke money. If Congress passes a mandate, it of what became the welfare program, should be forced to pay for it and balance warned that it must not become ‘‘a narcotic’’ the cost with savings elsewhere. After all, and a ‘‘subtle destroyer’’ of the spirit. Wel- a mandate just increases someone else’s fare was never meant to be a lifestyle. It burden, and that means higher taxes at the was never meant to be a habit. It was never State and local level. supposed to be passed from generation to Step eight, Congress should enact the generation like a legacy. It’s time to replace bold reform proposals that are still awaiting the assumptions of the welfare state and congressional action: bank reform, civil jus- help reform the welfare system. tice reform, tort reform, and my national States throughout the country are begin- energy strategy. ning to operate with new assumptions that And finally, we must strengthen the fam- when able-bodied people receive Govern- ily because it is the family that has the greatest bearing on our future. When Bar- ment assistance, they have responsibilities bara holds an AIDS baby in her arms and to the taxpayer: A responsibility to seek reads to children, she’s saying to every perwork, education, or job training; a respon- son in this country: Family matters. sibility to get their lives in order; a respon- And I am announcing tonight a new Com- sibility to hold their families together and mission on America’s Urban Families. I’ve refrain from having children out of wedlock; asked Missouri’s Governor John Ashcroft to and a responsibility to obey the law. We be Chairman, former Dallas Mayor Annette are going to help this movement. Often, Strauss to be Cochair. You know, I had State reform requires waiving certain Fed- mayors, the leading mayors from the eral regulations. I will act to make that League of Cities, in the other day at the process easier and quicker for every State White House, and they told me something that asks for our help. striking. They said that every one of them, I want to add, as we make these changes, Republican or Democrat, agreed on one we work together to improve this system, thing, that the major cause of the problems that our intention is not scapegoating or fin- of the cities is the dissolution of the family. ger-pointing. If you read the papers and

162 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / Jan. 29 watch TV, you know there’s been a rise Moods come and go, but greatness en- these days in a certain kind of ugliness: rac- dures. Ours does. And maybe for a moment ist comments, anti-Semitism, an increased it’s good to remember what, in the dailiness sense of division. Really, this is not us. This of our lives, we forget: We are still and is not who we are. And this is not accept- ever the freest nation on Earth, the kindest able. nation on Earth, the strongest nation on And so, you have my plan for America. Earth. And we have always risen to the oc- And I’m asking for big things, but I believe casion. And we are going to lift this Nation in my heart you’ll do what’s right. out of hard times inch by inch and day by You know, it’s kind of an American tradi- day, and those who would stop us had bet- tion to show a certain skepticism toward our ter step aside. Because I look at hard times, democratic institutions. I myself have some- and I make this vow: This will not stand. times thought the aging process could be And so, we move on together, a rising delayed if it had to make its way through nation, the once and future miracle that is Congress. [Laughter] You will deliberate, still, this night, the hope of the world. and you will discuss, and that is fine. But, Thank you. God bless you, and God bless my friends, the people cannot wait. They our beloved country. Thank you very, very need help now. much. There’s a mood among us. People are worried. There’s been talk of decline. Some- one even said our workers are lazy and Note: The President spoke at 9:07 p.m. in uninspired. And I thought: Really? You go the House Chamber of the Capitol. The ad- tell Neil Armstrong standing on the moon. dress was broadcast live on nationwide Tell the men and women who put him radio and television. The Executive order of there. Tell the American farmer who feeds March 12 establishing the National Com- his country and the world. Tell the men mission on America’s Urban Families is list- and women of Desert Storm. ed in Appendix E at the end of this volume.

Message on the Observance of National African-American (Black) History Month, February 1992 January 29, 1992

‘‘When I found I had crossed that line, cans who have helped to uphold our Na- I looked at my hands to see if I was the tion’s declaration ‘‘that all men are created same person. There was such a glory over equal, that they are endowed by their Cre- everything.’’ With these words, Harriet Tub- ator with certain unalienable Rights, that man described her escape from slavery dur- among these are Life, Liberty, and the pur- ing the mid-19th century. The glory of suit of Happiness.’’ Just as all Americans which she spoke was nothing less than free- should study the words and deeds of our dom—and the promise of better days to Founding Fathers, so should all Americans come. learn about the Black leaders who have Although African-American history begins helped to make the promise of freedom a long before the days of Harriet Tubman, reality. who helped to lead thousands of her fellow The men and women whom we remem- Blacks out of slavery during the Civil War, ber this month will long inspire others. In it is filled with similar accounts of faith, addition to honoring individuals such as courage, and triumph in the epic struggle Rosa Parks and other heroes of the civil for liberty and justice. This month, through rights movement, we also recall pioneers special programs and activities across the like George Washington Carver, who made country, we honor the many African Ameri-

163 Jan. 29 / Administration of George Bush, 1992 important discoveries in agriculture, and gether with many other accounts, make up Benjamin Banneker, who served as one of the rich fabric of African-American history. the architects of Washington, D.C., our Na- That history, of course, continues to un- tion’s Capital. We remember outstanding fold each day, and I am heartened to know Black American artists, including legendary that many parents and teachers will be using singers and musicians such as Marian An- this occasion to challenge and to inspire derson, Charlie Parker, and Dizzy Gillespie. young people. With the past as their guide, Others, we remember for their devoted Black youth can make their future bright, service to our country: from military heroes as they weave their own strands in the rich such as the Tuskegee Airmen to remarkable tapestry of African-American history. international civil servants like Ralph Bunche. The stories of these individuals, to- GEORGE BUSH

Message to the Congress Transmitting the 1992 National Drug Control Strategy January 29, 1992

To the Congress of the United States: duce it. The second front, against hard-core I am pleased to transmit today for the drug use, poses a more difficult challenge. consideration of the Congress and the Progress here is slower. There are still too American people the 1992 National Drug many neighborhoods, families, and individ- Control Strategy, in accordance with section uals who suffer the consequences of drug 1005 of the Anti-Drug Abuse Act of 1988 use and drug-related crime. To address this (Public Law 100–690; 21 U.S.C. 1504). problem, the Strategy proposes a variety of This is the Fourth National Drug Control carefully targeted and intensified efforts. I Strategy, and it lays out a comprehensive urge the Congress to expedite their enact- plan for Federal drug control activities for ment. Fiscal Year 1993 and beyond. The principal The war on drugs is vital to our country’s goal remains unchanged from the previous economy, international competitiveness, and three strategies: to reduce the level of illegal security. Previous Strategies have enjoyed drug use in America. bipartisan political and funding support in We are fighting a two-front war against the Congress. I ask for your continued sup- drugs. The first front is against casual drug port in this critical endeavor. use, and I am pleased to report that significant progress is being made here, particu- GEORGE BUSH larly among our Nation’s youth. Casual drug use is still too high, however, and this Strat- The White House, egy rightly continues to stress efforts to re- January 29, 1992.

Appointment of Daniel B. McGroarty as Special Assistant to the President and Deputy Director of Speechwriting January 29, 1992

The President today announced the ap- Director of Speechwriting. pointment of Daniel B. McGroarty as Spe- Mr. McGroarty has served as speechwriter cial Assistant to the President and Deputy to the President since 1989 and Deputy

164 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / Jan. 30

Director of Speechwriting since 1991. Prior Mr. McGroarty graduated from Kenyon to coming to the White House, he held the College (B.A., 1979) and is currently a positions of senior speechwriter to Secretary Ph.D. candidate at Boston College. He was of Defense Frank C. Carlucci III, speech- born August 23, 1957, in Cleveland, OH. writer to Secretary of Defense Caspar W. He resides with his wife and two children Weinberger, and editorial writer at the Voice in Annandale, VA. of America.

Memorandum on Regulatory Coordination January 28, 1992

Memorandum for the Secretary of the the executive branch. I recognize that you Treasury, the Chairman of the Board of have already made considerable efforts to Governors of the Federal Reserve System, coordinate your activities, and ask only that the Chairman of the Securities and you intensify these efforts over the next Exchange Commission, the Chairman of the three months to ensure that we have done Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation, the all that we can to eliminate unnecessary reg- Chairman of the Commodity Futures ulatory burdens. Trading Commission I look forward to your reports on this im- Subject: Regulatory Coordination portant undertaking. Although the Congress has created the regulatory schemes within As you know, the Congress has failed to which we must operate, I am confident that, enact important growth-oriented legislation with your help, the executive branch can that we have proposed. Although we will do much to create conditions conducive to continue to work with the Congress to enact a healthy and robust economy. these proposals, we must also redouble our efforts to create jobs and achieve economic GEORGE BUSH growth within existing statutory constraints. For such efforts to succeed, we must pre- Note: This memorandum was released by vent the fragmentation of policy-making and the Office of the Press Secretary on January better coordinate existing programs within 30.

Memorandum on Regulatory Coordination January 28, 1992

Memorandum for the Secretary of ble our efforts to create jobs and achieve Transportation, the Secretary of Energy, the economic growth within existing statutory Chairman of the Interstate Commerce constraints. Commission, the Chairman of the Federal For such efforts to succeed, we must pre- Maritime Commission vent the fragmentation of policy-making and better coordinate existing programs Subject: Regulatory Coordination within the executive branch. We have As you know, the Congress has failed to made great strides in this area, but more enact important growth-oriented legislation remains to be done. Because your agencies that we have proposed. Although we will share responsibility for regulating the trans- continue to work with the Congress to portation sector of our economy, it is essen- enact these proposals, we must also redou- tial that you work together to streamline

165 Jan. 30 / Administration of George Bush, 1992 the regulatory process and ensure that the which we must operate, I am confident that, regulated community is not subject to dupli- with your help, the executive branch can cative or inconsistent regulation. do much to create conditions conducive to I hope that improved coordination will be a healthy and robust economy. one especially valuable outcome of the 90- day moratorium and review period de- GEORGE BUSH scribed in the attached memorandum. I look forward to your reports on this impor- Note: This memorandum was released by tant undertaking. Although the Congress the Office of the Press Secretary on January has created the regulatory schemes within 30.

Memorandum on Regulatory Coordination January 28, 1992

Memorandum for the Secretary of the duction while at the same time protecting Interior, the Secretary of Agriculture, the the environment. It is therefore essential Secretary of Energy, the Administrator of that you work together to streamline the the Environmental Protection Agency, the regulatory process and ensure that the regu- Chairman of the Federal Energy Regulatory lated community is not subject to duplica- Commission, the Chairman of the Nuclear tive or inconsistent regulation. Regulatory Commission I hope that improved coordination will be Subject: Regulatory Coordination one especially valuable outcome of the 90- day moratorium and review period de- As you know, the Congress has failed to scribed in the attached memorandum. I enact important growth-oriented legislation look forward to your reports on this impor- that we have proposed. Although we will tant undertaking. Although the Congress continue to work with the Congress to enact has created the regulatory schemes within these proposals, we must also redouble our which we must operate, I am confident that, efforts to create jobs and achieve economic with your help, the executive branch can growth within existing statutory constraints. do much to create conditions conducive to For such efforts to succeed, we must pre- a healthy and robust economy. vent the fragmentation of policy-making and better coordinate existing programs within GEORGE BUSH the executive branch. We have made great strides in this area, but more remains to Note: This memorandum was released by be done. Your agencies share responsibility the Office of the Press Secretary on January for promoting safe and efficient energy pro- 30.

Memorandum on Reducing the Burden of Government Regulation January 28, 1992

Memorandum for Certain Department and our economy—a hidden tax on the average Agency Heads American household in the form of higher Subject: Reducing the Burden of prices for goods and services. Just as Ameri- Government Regulation cans have the right to expect their As you know, excessive regulation and red tape have imposed an enormous burden on

166 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / Jan. 30 government to spend tax dollars wisely, they lation or program adheres to the following have the right to expect cost-effective and standards: minimally burdensome regulation. Although (a) The expected benefits to society of the Congress has thus far failed to pass most any regulation should clearly outweigh the of the Administration’s regulatory reform expected costs it imposes on society. proposals, there is much the Administration (b) Regulations should be fashioned to can and should do on its own to reduce maximize net benefits to society. the burden of regulation. (c) To the maximum extent possible, reg- A major part of this undertaking must be ulatory agencies should set performance to weed out unnecessary and burdensome standards instead of prescriptive command- government regulations, which impose and-control requirements, thereby allowing needless costs on consumers and substan- the regulated community to achieve regu- tially impede economic growth. We must be constantly vigilant to avoid unnecessary latory goals at the lowest possible cost. regulation and red tape. (d) Regulations should incorporate market We must also remember that even those mechanisms to the maximum extent pos- regulatory programs that may have been sible. justified when adopted often fail to keep (e) Regulations should provide clarity and pace with important innovations. New tech- certainty to the regulated community and nologies and markets can quickly make ex- should be designed to avoid needless litiga- isting rules obsolete. By the same token, tion. existing regulations often impose unneces- 2. To the maximum extent permitted by sary constraints on emerging technologies law, and as soon as possible, your agency and markets that could not have been fore- should propose administrative changes (in- seen at the time the regulations were pro- cluding repeal, where appropriate) that will mulgated. Existing regulatory programs also bring each regulation and program into con- need to be revised to take advantage of reg- formity with the standards set forth above. ulatory innovations, such as the flexible, As you implement these proposals, you market-based approaches to regulation that should carefully order your agency’s regu- many of your agencies have developed over latory priorities to ensure that programs im- the past few years. posing the largest unnecessary burden are I am concerned that, because of the con- the first to be revised or eliminated. stant pressure to develop new programs, we 3. You should designate, in consultation are not doing nearly enough to review and with the Council on Competitiveness, a sen- revise existing programs. For that reason, ior official to serve as your agency’s perma- I ask that each of your agencies set aside nent regulatory oversight official. This per- a 90-day period, beginning today, to evalu- son will be responsible for conducting the ate existing regulations and programs and review, for implementing the resulting pro- to identify and accelerate action on initiatives that will eliminate any unnecessary posals, and for ensuring that future regu- regulatory burden or otherwise promote latory actions conform to the standards set economic growth. During this period, agen- forth in this memorandum and in applicable cy resources should, to the maximum extent Executive orders. possible, be devoted to these efforts. Spe- 4. To the maximum extent permitted by cifically, I request that you take the follow- law, and subject to the exceptions listed ing steps: below, your agency should refrain from 1. During the 90-day review period, your issuing any proposed or final rule during agency should work with the public, other the 90-day review period. This moratorium interested agencies, the Office of Informa- on new regulations will ensure that, to the tion and Regulatory Affairs, and the Council maximum extent possible, agency resources on Competitiveness to (i) identify each of are devoted to reducing the regulatory bur- your agency’s regulations and programs that den on the economy. Of course, you should impose a substantial cost on the economy not postpone any regulation that is subject and (ii) determine whether each such regu- to a statutory or judicial deadline

167 Jan. 30 / Administration of George Bush, 1992 that falls during the review period. This Economic Advisers and the Counsel to the moratorium does not apply to: President. (a) regulations that you determine, after I look forward to your reports on this im- consultation with the working group of the portant undertaking. I am confident that, Council on Competitiveness described with your help, the executive branch can below, will foster economic growth; do much to create conditions conducive to (b) regulations that respond to emer- a healthy and robust economy. gencies such as situations that pose an imminent danger to human health or safety; GEORGE BUSH (c) regulations that you determine, after consultation with the working group of the The Secretary of the Treasury, the Secretary Council on Competitiveness described of Defense, the Attorney General, the Sec- below, are essential to a criminal law en- retary of the Interior, the Secretary of Agri- forcement function of the United States; culture, the Secretary of Commerce, the (d) regulations issued with respect to a Secretary of Labor, the Secretary of Health military or foreign affairs function of the and Human Services, the Secretary of United States; Housing and Urban Development, the Sec- (e) regulations related solely to agency or- retary of Transportation, the Secretary of ganization, management, or personnel; and Energy, the Secretary of Education, the (f) formal regulations required by statute Chairman of the Interstate Commerce to be made on the record after opportunity Commission, the Chairman of the Board of for an agency hearing. Governors of the Federal Reserve System, 5. At the end of the review period, each the Chairman of the Federal Trade Com- agency should submit a written report to mission, the Chairperson of the Federal De- me. Each report should indicate the regu- posit Insurance Corporation, the Chairman latory changes recommended or made dur- of the Securities and Exchange Commis- ing the review period and the potential sav- sion, the Chairman of the Federal Commu- ings to the economy of those changes, in- nications Commission, the Chairman of the cluding an estimate of the number of jobs Federal Maritime Commission, the Chair- that will be created. It should also include man of the Equal Employment Opportunity a summary of any regulatory programs that Commission, the Administrator of the Envi- are left unchanged and an explanation of ronmental Protection Agency, the Chairman how such programs are consistent with the of the Nuclear Regulatory Commission, the regulatory standards set forth in paragraph Chairman of the Commodity Futures Trad- 1 above. ing Commission, the Chairman of the Fed- The 90-day review, and the preparation eral Energy Regulatory Commission of the reports described in paragraph 5 above, will be coordinated by a working Note: This memorandum was released by group of the Council on Competitiveness, the Office of the Press Secretary on January chaired by the Chairman of the Council of 30.

Remarks at the National Prayer Breakfast January 30, 1992

Thank you, Senator Heflin, for such a Graham; and to all gathered. lovely introduction. To Dan and Marilyn, Let me first just say a special greeting to the Vice President and Mrs. Quayle; to the Prime Minister Ratu Mara of Fiji. This is members of my Cabinet here; to the Mem- not his first time here; I’m sure it won’t be bers of Congress, all, so many here in faith; his last. But he’s an inspiration to all of us to General Powell; especially to our host, that know him and consider him a friend, Ted Stevens; to our dear friend Billy as I do. May I salute our other guests from

168 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / Jan. 30 overseas. And though sometimes you might we will reverse any threat of moral decline, feel like it, we don’t consider you overseas, and that we will dedicate ourselves to the those who serve in the State legislatures, ethic of service, being what I call a Point and we’re glad you all are here. [Laughter] of Light to someone else, someone in need. Four principles, four ideas really, inspire In this work, we are not without inspira- America. And I think they’re all here this tion. We need look no further than the morning reflected in one way or another: handful of men who became heroes by their Freedom, family, and faith, that Dan courage, their strength, and above all their Quayle talked about, and to that I would faith—last of whom returned in December. add fellowship. So many people brought to- I’m talking about our hostages. And in bru- gether by a shared spirit, the simple joy of talizing conditions, as we’ve heard this praying to God. morning, they prayed together daily in what Slava, that was a tremendously moving they called the ‘‘church of the locked door.’’ story and one of the most dramatic mo- They unwove floor mats in order to make ments in recent history. You referred to rosaries. These men, who every day lived sound. If sound has anything to do with the story of Job, treasured their first book, entry into heaven, I believe you can choose the Bible. When Terry Anderson was re- the fluffiest, most generous cloud in the fir- leased, one of the first things he did was mament up there when you get there. to thank strangers across the world who had [Laughter] And thank you for your inspiring prayed that he be set free. ‘‘Your prayers message. made a big difference,’’ said this man who, But I think you reminded us all of the imprisoned, had rediscovered the faith that powerful role that prayer has played in the sets and keeps men free. unprecedented events of the past year. There’s another story from last year’s Since we last met, nations have been re- news that tells of the transformation of shaped, and the lives have been restored faith. While it’s a story familiar to all of throughout the land and throughout the en- you, it’s intensely personal to Barbara and tire world. And the force that unites them, me and to others in this room. We lost a as we’ve heard here today from the Vice dear friend last March, Lee Atwater, a rest- President to General Powell, is faith in God. less, fiercely driven, fun-loving good ol’ boy The link they share is prayer. from South Carolina who rode life as hard When I last stood here, as Colin re- and fast as he could. But he also lived a minded us, we were at war. Compelled by kind of miracle because his illness reintro- a deep need for God’s wisdom, we began duced him to something he’d put aside, his to pray. And we prayed for God’s protection own faith. And in his last months, he in what we undertook, for God’s love to worked intensely to come to grips with his fill hearts, and for God’s peace to be the faith. And through reading the Bible and moral North Star that guided us. Abraham through prayer, he learned that, as he put Lincoln said, and we remember it, everyone it, ‘‘What was missing in society was what in this room would remember it, ‘‘I’ve been was missing in me, a little heart and a lot driven many times to my knees by the over- of brotherhood.’’ whelming conviction that I have nowhere He was so right. Prayer has a place not else to go.’’ And in his example, we came only in the life of every American but also together for a special National Day of Pray- in the life of our Nation, for we are truly er. And Americans of every creed turned one Nation under God. to our greatest power to bring us peace, May God bless this very special gathering. ‘‘peace . . . which passeth all understand- For those of you who have come from over- ing.’’ And at the end of the war, we prayed seas, for those of you from across our land, as one during our National Days of Thanks- for those of you right here in the Nation’s giving. Capital, thank you for participating in this Let us pray that as a people we will con- celebration of faith. tinue to bring the power of prayer to bear Thank you very much. on all the challenges we confront. And let us pray that we will strengthen the values that this great land was founded on, that Note: The President spoke at 9:10 a.m. at

169 Jan. 30 / Administration of George Bush, 1992 the Washington Hilton Hotel. In his re- Kamisese Mara of Fiji, and National Sym- marks, he referred to Senator Ted Stevens, phony Orchestra director Mstislav evangelist Billy Graham, Prime Minister Rostropovich.

Remarks to the Greater Philadelphia Chamber of Commerce January 30, 1992

Thank you all very, very much for that the Super Bowl is over. [Laughter] welcome back. Please be seated, and thank I am very pleased to be here, particularly you. Please be seated. I don’t want to keep pleased to be here today because American Boris Yeltsin waiting later on. [Laughter] businesses, as represented by this group Thank you, Joe. Senator Specter and Joan, gathered here, have a unique perspective laboring in the vineyards of the city council on the tough times we’ve been going here, we’re delighted to be with you. And through recently. And as businessmen and coming up with us from Washington were businesswomen, you can separate the sensa- two of our great Congressmen from this tional from the sensible, the sweet-sounding area, Larry Coughlin and Kurt Weldon, over quick fixes from real solutions. When it here. comes to America’s economy, we can’t ac- May I, too, salute the Mayor. I asked Joe cept empty symbols and slogans. We need earlier on how was it going, realizing that, to work together—that’s what I like, what as in Washington, things have been tough, Joe was saying about the way the Mayor and across the country in many ways. But and you all are approaching it in this city— I said, knowing a little bit about history in we’ve got to work together nationally and Philadelphia, I asked this question, ‘‘How’s turn this economy around. the Mayor doing?’’ And Joe and everybody Tuesday night, I came before the Amer- else I’ve spoken to has said he’s really hit ican people to outline a program for doing the ground in a wonderful way, going for- just that. And we all know this is an election ward, bringing out the best in this city. So, year. The air back in Washington has been I want to salute Ed Rendell and his wife, thick with feel-good gimmicks that have Midge. nothing to do with true prosperity and ev- Joe Paquette, who introduced me, is the erything to do with politics. We need to chairman of the Greater Philadelphia get down to business, literally. In the critical Chamber. That was a very enthusiastic pres- weeks ahead, common sense must replace entation he made about how things were partisanship. And I came here to ask for going. So much so that maybe he can make your help. a little loan to those of us in Washington, The plan that I put before Congress and DC, who cannot have quite that optimistic the American people contained several ac- a report. [Laughter] But I like that can- tion steps. And one of the most critical was do spirit of this chamber, and I’m grateful this, to free up American businesses by to Charlie, to Charlie Pizzi, and to Joe and clearing away the obstacles to growth: high all the rest of you that have put together taxes, overregulation, and Government defi- this opportunity for me, all of you at the cits. And I’ve offered the only comprehen- chamber. sive plan that doesn’t raise taxes, doesn’t And so, thank you very much. I am happy throw away the spending discipline now in to be here in Philadelphia. As you can imag- place on the Congress, these spending caps, ine, these last few weeks in Washington and doesn’t cut defense beyond what’s nec- have been pretty high pressure, high pres- essary for this country’s security. But let me sure time for me, what with all the experts tell you the three words that really separate and the instant analysis and the columnists my plan from what I think of the rest of giving unsolicited advice. Thank goodness them: It will work. Those three: It will

170 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / Jan. 30 work. standing in its path. It touches everyone. Each of us has a role to play, so I am Every regulation that reduces efficiency moving forward with steps I can take right slaps a hidden tax on the consumer as well. now. You may remember I divided that From the tab on a bag of groceries at the State of the Union Message into steps I checkout line to the sticker price on the can take, short-term areas where we need showroom floor, every American takes a hit legislation and then a longer term program. when the Government overregulates. Right now, I have instructed every Cabinet American business men and women need Department to speed up progrowth expend- this freedom to experiment, to compete itures. And we estimate that will be as much without looking over their shoulders for as $10 billion worth in the next 6 months. Washington’s approval. Small businesses We don’t have to go to Congress to get and those just starting up feel the sting of them to do that; we just accelerate the overregulation most of all. Yet these busi- spending plans to try to give this economy nesses drive America forward. They create an extra kick. most of our new jobs. They reinvigorate our I directed the Secretary of the Treasury communities. They embody the power of to change the Federal tax tables so that mil- the American dream. I make this pledge: lions of Americans can choose to have the We will set America’s dreamers and doers Government withhold less from their pay- free and put an end to this regulatory over- checks. Now, that’s a large number. That kill. could pump as much as $25 billion into the In some of this area I will need the help economy this year alone. That is money in of the Congress, and I promise I will take the pockets of working men and women to the message as strongly as I can to the Con- help pay for clothing or to help save for gress in this regard. Even now, an untold college or to help buy a new car. And after number of hard-working, responsible men all, it is their money. And there has been and women go without needed bank loans this schedule where really there has been for starting up a new business or for invest- overwithholding. And this I think will give, ing more in an existing one. We’ve got to for those who elect to do it—if everyone ease the credit crunch and give these peo- elected to do it, it would be $25 billion, ple a chance. That’s why we’ve given the and I think that will give the economy a bank regulators more than 30 policy jolt. changes and clarifications to restore com- I have asked Cabinet Departments and mon sense and balance to the regulatory Federal Agencies to institute a 90-day mora- system. torium on new Federal regulations that I’ve mentioned this before, but in regula- could hinder growth. We’ll undertake a top- tion, again, we have a responsibility. We to-bottom review in the fields of energy, don’t want to go back to what is known the environment, transportation, exports, fi- as forbearance, where we neglect the nancial services, and communications, soundness that is required. But there is reg- among others. Here’s the test: We will ac- ulatory overkill. The people are afraid, I celerate any regulations that encourage think, in some instances in the financial growth and the creation of jobs. And when- community because of the excesses of regu- ever possible, we will scrap those that tie lation. And we’re going to try very hard to the hands of business and impede growth. achieve a better balance. I know that I have regulatory responsibil- Now, I’ve mentioned some of the things ities affecting safety in the workplace, for that I can do, and there’s a few more. But example, health, environmental protection. Tuesday night I told Congress, directly chal- And I will not neglect those responsibilities. lenged it, told it directly what it must do. But you know as well as anyone how Gov- And I started with the obvious: No invest- ernment, sometimes with the best of inten- ment, no new jobs. Congress must reward tions, can hobble innovation and risk-taking, investment and stop punishing success. the lifeblood of a successful business. Gov- For 3 years now, I have asked the Con- ernment naturally tends to expand ever out- gress to lower the capital gains tax. And for ward, its redtape oblivious to anything 3 years, that essential growth measure has

171 Jan. 30 / Administration of George Bush, 1992 been pilloried and parodied as a windfall for working overtime; so are thousands of com- the rich. Now, you and I know that claim munities across the country. They’re tight- for what it is. It’s nonsense. Sixty percent, ening their belts, aggressively facing the fu- sixty percent of the people who benefit ture. And every day, individual Americans from lower capital gains have incomes are working hard to get this economy back under $50,000. A windfall for the rich? By on its feet, and it’s time for Congress to freeing up investment, a cut in the capital do the same thing. It can be done in that gains tax creates new jobs for those looking timeframe. for work and better jobs for those who want What troubles me is if we let it drag on, to move up. A lower capital gains tax helps it’s going to get really caught up in the anyone who owns a small business or a rough-and-tumble of 1992 national politics. farm, anyone who owns a home, anyone People are crying out for help now, and who has a single investment. We’re talking the Congress can move. We’ve seen them about helping every working man and do it on a wide array of legislative initiatives, woman and every retired person in this and they can do it on these stimulative tax country. changes. So, I ask every Member of Con- We don’t have time now for any more gress—and please tell them the same of this demagoguery on this question. Let thing—to set aside now partisanship for just me remind you, in Japan the effective cap- 51 days and give this plan a chance. Get ital gains tax rate comes to about one per- the plan; put it to work. cent. Germany doesn’t tax long-term capital Immediate growth, as I mentioned at the gains at all. To create jobs, to restore a vi- outset, is just one part of the picture, one brant economy for all Americans, Congress part of our program. We’ve got to look even must lower the capital gains tax, and it must further ahead to ensure that when the lower the capital gains tax now, 15.4 per- American economy regains its strength, and cent. inevitably it will, it stays strong. With a few simple steps, taken right now, Congress can help get the housing industry, We start by opening markets to American builders, investors, buyers, and sellers, back goods. In our trade negotiations, we will on its feet. To those young families who continue to push for open trade, pulling want to buy their first home but can’t quite down the barriers that stand in the way of afford it, I say this: We can help put your international competition. dream within reach, and we will. I have To guarantee that American goods and offered a plan to allow first-time home- services are the world’s finest, we must buyers to withdraw savings from IRA’s with- guarantee America’s preeminence in an- out penalty and to provide a $5,000 tax other field, in the field of education. Our credit for the first purchase of a home. America 2000 strategy will revolutionize I might say parenthetically that Senator education in this country, will create new Specter, your Senator, has been in the fore- American schools, places where our kids front of fighting for the change on how will learn the lessons they need for a new IRA’s are treated. He understands what this century. And it will allow parents to choose can mean in terms of stimulating the econ- their children’s schools. Choice means com- omy and helping the homeowner. petition, and you understand as well as any- I have asked Congress to mark the cal- one what comes from competition. Com- endar. They must put this recovery plan in petition inspires innovation and creativity. place by March 20. Yesterday, right after— It inspires excellence. And that’s why we the State of the Union was the night before, are going to push for our program; we’re and yesterday morning I went up to the going to push for school choice. Congress. And I met with the leaders of As I look at education and the fact that both the House and the Senate up on Cap- we are not where we should be in world itol Hill, and I urged them to meet this standing, it isn’t a question of a change here timetable. I set the deadline because of a and there. It isn’t a question of adding to simple fact: The American people want ac- programs that have failed, programs man- tion. They deserve action. Our States are dated in Washington. It is a question, liter-

172 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / Jan. 30 ally, of revolutionizing. And that’s what we liability. It’s driving our small businesses tried to do when we set the education goals, right flat into the ground and costing Amer- working with Republican and Democrat ican workers jobs. Governors. That’s what we’re trying to do And finally, I can use Congress’ help in with Lamar Alexander in the lead for us, another all-important area. We must get the our Secretary of Education, as we take this Federal deficit under control. Now, let’s America 2000 program all across the coun- face the facts: The Government in Washing- try. We need your help. It is the best pos- ton is too big, and it spends too much. I sible investment for the future of this coun- have proposed a freeze on all domestic dis- try. cretionary budget authority as well as a Now, we need a healthy America, and freeze on Federal domestic Government that means reforming health care. I think employment. And I have asked Congress to everyone would agree we cannot afford our get rid of 246 federally funded programs. present system. But we’ve reached a fork in the road. We can either go the way of Now, some of them have very noble titles. greater Government mandates, leading in- But in these times, none of them is indis- evitably to a state system of nationalized pensable, and I’m going to call on Congress care, with the long lines and indifferent to get rid of them. I think we’re talking service that such a system creates. Or we about something like $4 billion in this re- can reform our private system, preserving gard. the greatest possible patient choice, main- For too long, Congress has been violating taining the quality of care which, for all its an important principle of good government: faults, is still the best in the entire world. Do no harm. It’s been imposing its own That’s the approach I outlined in a rather habits on State and local governments, and broad detail Tuesday night, and that’s the the taxpayer ends up, as you may all know, approach that I will take when we announce by footing the bill. These unfinanced Fed- the full detail of our plan next week. eral Government mandates, as they’re We’ve proposed another reform, one that called, require the cities, require the States is crucial to creating jobs. America has be- to provide new services or institute new come the most litigious society on Earth. programs, but the Congress doesn’t provide Frivolous lawsuits are exhausting our ability the money to pay for them. That means to compete. If we were as good at reward- the local governments must pass along Con- ing success as we are at suing each other, gress’ wish list to the taxpayer in the form we would be a century ahead of the rest of higher taxes at the local level. of the world. Lawsuit madness gums every- Now, the National Governors’ Associa- thing up. Needed new products never reach tion, made up, obviously, of Republicans the marketplace because of concerns over and Democrats, continually urge the Con- liability. In many areas, businesses are gress to stop these mandates which are kill- forced either to drive prices into the strato- ing innovation, killing savings at the State sphere or literally close shop. and local level. From now on, if Congress My Competitiveness Council that’s chaired by the Vice President, Vice Presi- passes a mandate, it shouldn’t pass the buck. dent Quayle, has offered 50 concrete rec- Congress must pay for the mandates it im- ommendations to restore sanity to our civil poses without heaping on new taxes. justice system. I’ve enacted some of these I’ve spared you some of the detail. But recommendations by Executive order. Oth- taken together, these and other steps that ers, however, require Congress to act. And I’ve outlined will, in my view, reinvigorate with all respect, there are 62 lawyers in the our economy, give it the boost that it needs United States Senate, a lot of lawyers up now, and ensure that it continues to provide there on Capitol Hill. I realize that might opportunity and create jobs for all who want present a problem, but it also presents an to partake. That is the promise America opportunity. And I’d like to see them move makes to her citizens. They have a right forward now with these changes to cap to expect no less. some of these outrageous areas of unlimited Almost two centuries ago, Philadelphia’s

173 Jan. 30 / Administration of George Bush, 1992 merchants gathered together at the city tav- And here’s where you come in. We need ern to form this Chamber of Commerce. your help. You can affect the way Congress They looked out on a Nation almost limit- approaches this program that I have out- less in possibility. A special kind of faith lined in some detail. We need your help. brought them here, that if they worked hard And with your help, we’ll get that action, and worked together, their young country and we will reaffirm our country’s rightful would allow them to fulfill their dreams. place as the world’s leader for this decade America has changed dramatically in and for the next century. those 200 years. And yet, the essentials re- Thank you all very, very much for this main. The pessimists are wrong; the pes- opportunity. Thank you. simists are wrong. We are going to pull out of these tough times. Inflation is down; in- Note: The President spoke at 12:11 p.m. at ventories are down. The market has been the Wyndham Franklin Plaza Hotel in expressing optimism in the future. Interest Philadelphia, PA. In his remarks, he re- rates are down. This is no time for gloom ferred to Joan Specter, Philadelphia city and doom. It is time for action in Washing- councilwoman, and Charles P. Pizzi, presi- ton to restore confidence and get this econ- dent of the Greater Philadelphia Chamber omy moving again. of Commerce.

Remarks During Discussions With Prime Minister Kiichi Miyazawa of Japan in New York City January 30, 1992

The President. This gives me a chance, The President. They’ll be leaving us very with our friends from the press here, to soon now—[laughter]—and we can talk. tell you how much I appreciated your hospi- [At this point, another group of journalists tality. The Prime Minister. Let me tell, Mr. entered the room.] President, to all the audience that we will The President. I might say, with the Japa- deliver all we promised to you. nese journalists here, that I had a chance The President. I never doubted—— to tell the Prime Minister when he arrived The Prime Minister. I make it very, very here how grateful the United States is for clear to the audience. the progress that we made on this visit and The President. I never doubted it. how grateful I am personally to this Prime The Prime Minister. There will be no mis- Minister and to everybody in Japan for their understanding about it. hospitality. The concern when I had that The President. Let me make clear that very, very brief illness, but the concern from that was never a doubt in my mind. And the people there and the members of your secondly, I’m very grateful for the many Government, Members of the Diet, I will manifestations of friendship and hospitality. never forget it. It was very, very thoughtful. And you, yourself, just went out of your And I want to take this opportunity to thank way on a very personal basis to be consid- erate to me. the people of Japan because, on the busi- The Prime Minister. Oh, yes. ness side and the personal side, we could The President. So, it’s most appropriate not have been treated with more dignity that we see you when you first get off this and more care and more friendship. airplane. But I don’t want to take too much The Prime Minister. I am very much hon- time. ored to hear it from you, Mr. President. The Prime Minister. This is very kind of And the Japanese people were really de- you, very kind.

174 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / Jan. 31 lighted to have you and Mrs. Bush in Tokyo. please tell His Majesty how much we appre- And unfortunately, just a slight illness, but ciate the hospitality for me. that perhaps brought you and Mrs. Bush The Prime Minister. I will, sir. closer to the Japanese mind, naturally. The President. But here you are, and This reminded me, when President Ford thank you for what you said here. This got came to Japan and he was inspecting the all out of proportion, and I think we’re in parade, his pants were all too short. [Laugh- good shape. And I mean it. ter] And it was on the TV, and that really made him very familiar to Japanese TV watchers. Note: The President spoke at 6:50 p.m. at The President. I remember that. And the Waldorf Astoria Hotel.

Remarks to the United Nations Security Council in New York City January 31, 1992

Thank you, Mr. President, for your key this task. role in convening this first-ever summit of Today, for these brief remarks, I’ll talk the United Nations Security Council. not on the economic and social agenda so Fellow members and Mr. Secretary-Gen- eloquently addressed by President Borja, eral, congratulations to you, sir, as you take but rather I’ll mention the proliferation of office at this time of tremendous challenge mass destruction, regional conflicts, desta- and opportunity. And for the United States, bilizing renegade regimes that are on the it’s a high honor to participate, to speak horizon, terrorism, human rights. They all at this history-making event. require our immediate attention. We meet at a moment of new beginnings The world also challenges us to strength- for this institution and, really, for every en and sustain positive change. And we member nation. And for most of its history, must advance the momentous movement to- the United Nations was caught in a cold- ward democracy and freedom—democra- war crossfire. And I think back to my days tization, I believe Boutros-Ghali called this, here in the early seventies as a Permanent our distinguished Secretary-General—and Representative, of the way then polemics expand the circle of nations committed to displaced peacekeeping. And long before I human rights and the rule of law. It’s an came on the scene and long after I left, exciting opportunity for our United Nations, the U.N. was all too often paralyzed by and we must not allow it to slip away. cruel ideological divisions and the struggle to contain Soviet expansion. And today, all Right now, across the globe, the U.N. is that’s changed. And the collapse of imperial working night and day in the cause of communism and the end of the cold war peace. And never before in its four decades breathe new life into the United Nations. has the U.N.’s Blue Helmets and Blue Be- It was just one year ago that the world rets been so engaged in the noble work of saw this new, invigorated United Nations peacekeeping, even to the extent of building in action as this Council stood fast against the foundation for free elections. And never aggression and stood for the sacred prin- before has the United Nations been so ciples enshrined in the U.N. Charter. And ready and so compelled to step up to the now it’s time to step forward again, make task of peacemaking, both to resolve hot the internal reforms, accelerate the revital- wars and to conduct that forward-looking ization, accept the responsibilities necessary mission known as preventive diplomacy. for a vigorous and effective United Nations. We must be practical as well as principled I want to assure the members of this Coun- as we seek to free people from the specter cil and the Secretary-General, the United of conflict. We recognize every nation’s ob- Nations can count on our full support in ligation to invest in peace. As con-

175 Jan. 31 / Administration of George Bush, 1992 flicts are resolved and violence subsides, Nations as President, I challenged the So- then the institutions of free societies can viet Union to eliminate chemical weapons take hold. And as they do, they become our and called on every nation to join us in strongest safeguards against aggression and this crusade, His Majesty King Hassan of tyranny. Morocco making this point so well right Democracy, human rights, the rule of law, here today. What greater cause for this these are the building blocks of peace and great body: to make certain the world has freedom. And in the lives of millions of men seen the last of these terrible weapons. And and women around the world its import is so, let us vow to make this year the year simple. It can mean the difference between all nations at long last join to ban this war and peace, healing and hatred, and scourge. where there is fear and despair, it really There is much more to do regarding can mean hope. weapons of mass destruction. Just 3 days We look to the Secretary-General to ago, in my State of the Union Message here, present to this Council his recommenda- I announced the steps, far-reaching, unilat- tions to ensure effective and efficient peace- eral steps, that we will take to reduce our keeping, peacemaking, and preventive di- nuclear arsenal. And these steps affect each plomacy. And we look forward to exploring element in our strategic triad, the land, the these ideas together. sea, and the air. We have witnessed change of enormous In addition to these unilateral steps, we breadth and scope, all in but a few short are prepared to move forward on mutual years. A remarkable revolution has swept arms reduction. I noted his constructive away the old regimes from Managua to comments here today, and tomorrow, in my Moscow. But everywhere, free government meeting with President Yeltsin, we will con- and the institutions that give it form will tinue the search for common ground on this take time to flourish and mature. vitally important issue. He responded with Free elections give democracy a foothold, some very serious proposals just the other but true democracy means more than sim- day. ply the rule of the majority. It means an We welcome, the world welcomes state- irrevocable commitment to democratic prin- ments by several of the new States that won ciples. It means equal rights for minorities. independence after the collapse of the And above all, it means the sanctity of even U.S.S.R. that they will abide by the Nuclear a single individual against the unjust power Non-Proliferation Treaty. And yet, realism of the state. requires us to remain vigilant in this time The will of the majority must never de- of transition. generate into the whim of majority. This The danger of proliferation remains. And fundamental principle transcends all bor- again, let me single out the earlier remarks ders. Human dignity, the inalienable rights by the President of the French Republic, of man, these are not the possessions of President Mitterrand, on this subject, the the state. They’re universal. In Asia, in Afri- clarion call to do something about it. We ca, in Europe, in the Americas, the United must act together so that from this time Nations must stand with those who seek forward, people involved in sophisticated greater freedom and democracy. And that weapons programs redirect their energies to is my deep belief; that is the belief of the peaceful endeavors. American people. And it’s the belief that We’ll do more in cooperation with our breathes life into the great principle of the allies to ensure that dangerous materials and universal declaration of human rights. technology don’t fall into the hands of ter- Our changed world is a more hopeful rorists or others. And we will continue to world, indeed, but it is not absent those work with these new States to ensure a who would turn back the clock to the darker strong commitment in word and deed to days of threats and bullying. And our world all global nonproliferation standards. is still a dangerous world, rife with far too Today, the threat of global nuclear war is many terrible weapons. more distant than at any time in the nuclear In my first address here to the United era. Drawing down the old cold war ar-

176 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / Feb. 1 senals will further ease that dread. But the And I would just like to use this meeting specter of mass destruction remains all too today to call on Libya to heed the call of real, especially as some nations continue to the Security Council of the United Nations. push to acquire weapons of mass destruc- Last year in the Gulf, in concert, we re- tion and the means to deliver them. sponded to an attack on the sovereignty of Our triumph in the Gulf is testament to one nation as an assault on the security of the U.N.’s mission. Its security is a shared all. So, let us make it our mission to give responsibility. Today, this institution spear- this principle the greatest practical meaning heads a quarantine against the outlaw rein the conduct of nations. gime of Saddam Hussein. It is the strong Today, we stand at another crossroads. belief of my country that we must keep Perhaps the first time since that hopeful sanctions in place and take the following moment in San Francisco, we can look at steps to preserve our common security: We our Charter as a living, breathing document. must continue to focus on Iraq’s capability And yes, after so many years, it still may to build or maintain weapons of mass de- be in its infancy, requiring a careful and struction. And we must make clear to the vigilant nurturing of its parents, but I be- world and, most important, to the people lieve in my heart that it is alive and well. of Iraq that no normalization is possible so Our mission is to make it strong and stur- long as Saddam Hussein remains there, re- dy through increased dedication and co- mains in power. operation, and I know that we are up to As on all of the urgent issues I’ve men- the challenge. The nations represented tioned today, progress comes from acting here, like the larger community of the U.N. in concert, and we must deal resolutely with represented by so many Perm Reps here these renegade regimes, if necessary, by today, have it in their power to act for peace sanctions or stronger measures, to compel and freedom. them to observe international standards of So, may God bless the United Nations behavior. We will not be blind to the dan- as it pursues its noble goal. Thank you, Mr. gers we still face. Terrorists and their state President. sponsors must know there will be serious consequences if they violate international law. Note: The President spoke at 12:18 p.m. in Two weeks ago, this Council, in unity, the Security Council Chamber at the United sent a very strong message to Libya. And Nations. In his remarks, he referred to let me repeat today Resolution 731, passed Prime Minister John Major of the United unanimously by this body, by the Security Kingdom, Acting President of the United Council, calls on Libya to comply fully with Nations Security Council, and President the requests of three states on this Council. Rodrigo Borja of Ecuador.

The President’s News Conference With President Boris Yeltsin of Russia February 1, 1992

President Bush. Today, for the first time, ing a new relationship. And it’s based on an American President and the democrat- trust; it’s based on a commitment to eco- ically elected President of an independent nomic and political freedom; it’s based on Russia have met, and we did so not as ad- a strong hope for true partnership. So, we versaries but as friends. This historic meet- agreed here that we’re going to pull closer ing is yet another confirmation of the end together economically and politically. of the cold war and the dawn of a new I invited President Yeltsin to come to the era. Russia and the United States are chart- States for a state visit; he accepted. He, in

177 Feb. 1 / Administration of George Bush, 1992 turn, asked me to come to the Soviet Union, of the relationship between the United and I accepted. That will be later in the States of America and Russia. From now year. And he will be coming in the first on we do not consider ourselves to be po- half of the year, the date to be determined tential enemies as it had been previously later on. in our military doctrine. This is the historic We agreed to cooperate in the safe han- value of this meeting. dling of nuclear weapons, arms reductions, And another very important factor in our and a wide array of other subjects. So, from relationship, right away today it’s already my standpoint and the standpoint of the been pointed out, that in the future there United States, our first team here, we felt will be full frankness, full openness, full it was a very good visit. The only problem honesty in our relationship both of us value was, it was very short. But we’ll have a very, very much. chance to follow up at the state visit. Thank you so much. And Mr. President, the floor is yours. And President Bush. Now I’ll be glad to take welcome once again, even though you’re a few questions before the President has heading off now down to the Hill to meet to leave. some of the Members of Congress. Nuclear Weapons President Yeltsin. Mr. President Bush, ladies and gentlemen, I am very grateful to Q. Mr. Bush, Mr. Yeltsin seems to have my friend George for the words which he gone a long way towards meeting you half- has just spoken, in terms of our meeting way on land-based MIRV’s. Are you pre- and aimed at Russia and towards me. I feel pared to deal your half of the deck on sea- that the meeting was exceptionally positive, based missiles? necessary, and historic. President Bush. He has gone a long way. We discussed a whole range of issues, as We agreed that all these subjects would be a matter of fact, those kinds of issues that discussed in more detail when Secretary have never been exposed and opened many, Baker goes back to Moscow. I think he’ll many years and many, many decades: issues be there within the next 2 weeks. We didn’t of economic reform in Russia, as well as go into any agreements on categories or cooperation and assistance so that this re- numbers, but we decided that we would let form not die on the vine, and issues having the experts talk about this in much more to do with the Commonwealth of Independ- detail. But we saluted his very broad pro- ent Nations, economic issues having to do posals. with the military condition now, the condi- Q. We see in the declaration that Russia tion of the military. and the United States do not regard each And on the initiative of President Bush other as potential adversaries. Does it mean and Russia also, we talked about reduction you followed Mr. Yeltsin’s, President of strategic and tactical arsenals down to Yeltsin’s example so that retargeting of the minimal of, say, two and a half thousand American nuclear weapons are not targeted warheads for either side. And in this issue on Russian targets anymore? we will now begin very specific and con- President Bush. We agreed that all these crete negotiations, the issue of arms sales, matters will be discussed in Moscow. But of nonproliferation of nuclear weapons, certainly I agree with his objectives, and issues of the so-called brain drain, and a that is to turn former enemies not only into whole series of others. Now maybe some friends but allies. And it’s that that we’re very specific and personal issues, but I think starting down that road, and I’m quite opti- having to do with a relationship which really mistic about it. We both realize that there has a great importance. I’m very satisfied is some negotiation that has to take place that today one might say that there has been in terms of the specifics. written and drawn a new line, and crossed Q. President Yeltsin, if both sides are now out all of the things that have been associ- friends, then why not call for a total elimi- ated with the cold war. nation of nuclear weapons? Today we are going to sign a statement President Yeltsin. The thing is that there or declaration on a new nature or character are still adventurers, terrorists, and irre-

178 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / Feb. 1 sponsible politicians in some countries of We feel it would be very important that the world against whom we have to have they be full members in these international a certain arsenal of nuclear weapons for re- financial organizations. I pledged the United straining them. States’ full efforts in support for early entry Q. Have you discussed with the President into the IMF and into the World Bank. We some sort of overall initiative which would expanded a little bit on the programs we defend? already have working. In terms of additional President Yeltsin. Yes, we did discuss this support for the Soviet Union, financial and issue of a global shield, if you would. We food, Jim Baker had an opportunity to dis- consider that it’s a very interesting topic, cuss to some degree the follow-on from the and George Bush confirmed that, yes, this conference that we had, the cooperation is an exceptionally necessary topic. It would conference that was held in Washington last be interesting to utilize these systems on week. a mutual basis maybe even with the participation of some other nuclear-club countries, We didn’t get into too many specifics on nuclear countries. But this requires a very that, but I was very interested in hearing careful, very detailed study at the level of from him about the reforms in place. And specialists. I did, in a general sense, say that the United Q. President Bush, your thoughts on States would like to assist in any way pos- President Yeltsin’s proposal for a global sible. shield. Is this something that—we’re work- Q. President Yeltsin, in your opinion, do ing together on this—is that something that you consider that you are getting sufficient you would philosophically be inclined to- assistance from the United States, economic wards? assistance? You heard a lot about it today. President Bush. It’s something that we President Yeltsin. Well, I would somewhat talked about at lunch with Secretary Che- differently approach this question. After all, ney. As I said, we reached no decision on what’s important here is not just aid. We these matters. The Soviet Union has a lot were looking at the question of support for of expertise in space, for example. Perhaps the reform, cooperation in a lot of different one area of real cooperation can be in fu- areas, a lot of directions, accomplishing a ture space adventure; another could be in whole series of programs in order to be sup- this area of defense. But we reached no portive of reform. conclusion except to say that we felt it was I didn’t come here just to stretch out my worth discussing it in much more detail. hand and ask for help, no. We’re calling Russian Reforms for cooperation, cooperation for the whole Q. Mr. President, I’m going to ask you world. Because if the reform in Russia goes a question. This morning you said that the under, that means there will be a cold war. United States are willing to participate in The cold war is going to turn into a hot the process that is going on in Russia. What war. This is again going to be an arms race. parts of economic assistance were discussed Again, this will be the same regime that today, I mean assistance for economic re- we have just recently rid ourselves. We can- form, rather? not allow this to happen because in this re- President Bush. Well, largely, today Presi- form the whole world community has to dent Yeltsin had a chance to expand on the participate, not just the United States, and reforms he has undertaken. His finance ex- not just some sort of financial help but po- pert, Mr. Gaydar, is meeting right now with litical support, cooperation, and the accom- our Secretary of the Treasury, and we plishment of overall programs by everybody agreed that they would talk about the details in order to help. of the reform. So, I would leave any sub- Also, humanitarian aid, we have agreed stance to hear from those two. on this. From February 10th there will be But there are many areas where we al- a massive assistance on the part of the ready are beginning to work with the Soviet United States and others, and I’m very ap- Union, not only in these private delegations. preciative to George Bush for this.

179 Feb. 1 / Administration of George Bush, 1992

Nuclear Technology negotiations? Q. You said that during the negotiations President Yeltsin. Yes, namely, in 2 weeks you were talking about nonproliferation of this schedule will be prepared by Mr. Baker nuclear technology outside of the former together with our representatives. They’ll Soviet Union. Is there a possibility of leak- put it together. ing of this technology? Q. The whole thing will be done in 2 President Yeltsin. Yes. First is the moving weeks? of tactical weapons out of Kazakhstan, President Bush. No, no, just the begin- Ukraine, and Byelorussia onto the territory ning of the negotiations—— of Russia. All of the tactical weapons have President Yeltsin. No, no, no. The sched- been taken out of Kazakhstan, from Byelo- ule will be put together, the schedule. russia. We are now finishing up that process. And in the Ukraine we will be done Russian Reforms on July 1. Q. Mr. President, are you convinced that Now, as far as strategic weapons, this is President Yeltsin is committed to demo- a more difficult question. But there will be cratic and economic reform? And do you a transport, first of all, to Russia of those believe he will succeed? MIRV’s warheads onto the territory of Rus- President Bush. I am convinced that he sia so that they can be eliminated or so is totally committed to democratic reform. they can be turned to fuel for power plants, And I’m convinced that the problems he atomic power plants, and peaceful purposes. faces are enormous, but I am also convinced That’s the one direction. that he will succeed if he gets the proper Secondly, how to take that 2,000 nuclear support from around the world for these specialists who were working many decades, worthy objectives. And we are pledging him what to do with them and how to give them support from the United States, but I think jobs. I looked at this issue in Moscow and he himself recognizes the problems they took the decision to help them in a social face are enormous. sense, in a big way, to give them material He put into effect economic reforms. Be- support and radically change up to 5,000 fore he did it, he told me. But much more rubles per month to give them a pay raise important, he told the people of Russia he so that they would not flee to the West. was going to do it. He told them it would Secondly, today we agreed on a whole series not be easy. He told them what he was of joint programs where the scientists will going to have to do in terms of raising be brought in and so that they can partici- prices, which is not a popular thing to do. pate and work. And there was a proposal And he’s done that. by President Bush to create a center, a re- And I think it’s very hard to predict how search center where they could work to- this will go. I would leave that for him to gether fruitfully, and that will attract them. comment on. But I will say this, that the experts that give me advice feel that be- Negotiation Timetable cause of the way in which he handled it Q. I just wondered, did you all agree on and the commitment that is so obvious to any sort of timetable for your arms negotia- democratic reform, that it is going, in spite tions, for example, to be coinciding with of hardship, better than they would have President Yeltsin’s visit in the springtime predicted. and your visit, I guess, to Moscow later in So, there is no question that this Presi- the year? dent, President Yeltsin, is committed to President Bush. We agreed that the very democratic reform. He laid his life on the next step will be a much more detailed dis- line on top of a tank to make that message cussion of this matter when Secretary Baker loud and clear, and the whole world re- goes, in but 2 weeks, back to Russia. joiced in it when they saw his courage. He’s Do you want to add to that, Mr. Presi- applying that same courage, and I’m not dent, Boris? saying that just because he’s standing here, Q. Do you have a goal for finishing these he’s applying that same courage now to this

180 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / Feb. 3 concept of economic reform. One certainly would care to share the personal relation- cannot doubt his full commitment to this ship that you’ve developed. You’ve worked subject. closely, certainly, with Mr. Gorbachev. Commonwealth of Independent States President Bush. Well, it’s well-known that I had a very close relationship with Mr. Q. Would either of you care to tell us Gorbachev. It was built on respect. It be- about the personal relationship you’ve de- came friendship. And I can only speak for veloped? myself, one half of the equation, but the Q. Is the federation, Commonwealth visits that I have had with President Yeltsin working the way you wanted it to work? before this have always been very pleasant. And how long is it going to exist? I think that we have a good understanding. President Yeltsin. [Inaudible] I have a very warm feeling in my heart Q. No, the Commonwealth. How is it about what he has done and is trying to working, and how long do you think it’s do. And I consider him my friend. going to exist? President Yeltsin. I consider that I was President Yeltsin. Today I explained to very lucky in life, both as a political person Mr. Bush about our relationship with the and just as a man, to have met George other States within our Commonwealth. Bush. We have contacted each other, have Yes, we have difficulties, especially in terms been in contact, oh, now about 2 years at of the armed forces issues. We’re going to least. And even in the days when I was in be discussing that on 14 February in Minsk, the opposition, we used to meet. And then, where all the heads of the independent even then, I already felt his wide-ranging States will gather. talent, his mind, and his qualities as a per- There are difficulties. Nonetheless, after son. I’m just tremendously impressed by his all, for every time we meet, and we meet wisdom. I think he has incredible qualities once every month, there is each time a step not only as a political person but also as forward. You can’t forget that the Common- a person, as a really great political figure wealth is only 2 months old. This is still of the United States. a baby in diapers. You’ve got to take care Today our relations have now been of it; you’ve got to handle it carefully so formed up as friends, and we talk quite fre- you don’t drop it. That’s why we’re trying quently to each other. We call each other together, all of us, to sit and have a dialog. on the telephone. We say ‘‘Boris’’; we say We have good relations with all the heads ‘‘George.’’ And already this says a lot. of states of all these countries; we do. I believe that this Commonwealth will be President Bush. That’s the last question. stronger and stronger. I’m awful sorry; Marlin is really looking President Bush. Marlin tells me we’ve got nervous. [Laughter] Thank you very much. time but for one more question because President Yeltsin has an appointment with the leaders from Congress at the Russian Embassy, and so we really do have to go. Note: The President’s 120th news conference began at 1:37 p.m. at Camp David, MD. Relationship With President Yeltsin President Yeltsin spoke in Russian, and his Q. I’m just wondering if you gentlemen remarks were translated by an interpreter.

181 Feb. 3 / Administration of George Bush, 1992

Remarks and a Question-and-Answer Session With the National Governors’ Association February 3, 1992

The President. I hate to interrupt your both sides of the aisle on Capitol Hill want former colleague and now mine, Bob Mar- action now. I’ve watched it and listened to tinez. I heard a little of that, and I think the debate in the last few days, and that’s there is some room for optimism. But I also my feeling. think, as John said, well, we’ve got a long Inflation and long-term interest rates are way to go. at their lowest level in two decades. That’s I want to just make some opening com- good in terms of the recovery that inevitably ments about the overall policies I spoke is going to ensue. And I think more and about the other night. And then I under- more we’re beginning to hear people say stand we’ll have a Q&A session which I this sluggish economy is turning around. hope will be statements and positions from And certainly the American people are you as well as inquiry of me. I’ve learned ready for action. from these sessions. But let me just make John Kennedy once wrote, ‘‘Any system some remarks on where we are in our over- of government will work when everything all economy. is going well. It’s the system that functions I salute the members of the Cabinet that in the pinches that survives.’’ Well, it’s are here, but especially our visiting Gov- pinch time. And I have proposed a way in ernors. It seems that everyone in this coun- which all of us can rise to the occasion. try agrees on two things: First, that we need In the State of the Union Address, I out- to get the economy moving, and second, lined a short-term growth package that does that our people are up to the challenge of take care of the essentials. And it encour- remaining number one in the world. I do ages investment which allows us to expand not believe for a minute this is a country businesses and create new ones. And I’m in decline. If you doubt it, go talk to any talking here mainly about creation of new single world leader. small business. It strengthens the real estate Last Tuesday, I really made a challenge industry which historically has led us out to the Congress to pass what I feel is a of recessions in troubled times. And it en- commonsense growth package and do it by courages risk-taking and investment by cut- March 20th, and pass a long-term series of ting the tax on long-term capital gains and growth initiatives without delay. So, we had by some other stimulative procedures. It it divided short term and long term. The also reforms Government. We’re going after package relies on some commonsense ob- a bunch of pork barrel projects. It holds jectives. It encourages investment. It pro- the line on spending while moving money tects the value of basic investments, like a out of unnecessary programs and into vital home. And it does not raise Federal taxes. ones. It does not increase the Federal deficit. And And here’s what I think it means for you: it doesn’t employ short-term gimmicks that A 13-percent increase in money available create long-term trouble. for highway funding; a 158-percent increase Now, we all know the political process, from last year in land and water conserva- particularly people sitting around this table. tion fund grants; record amounts for edu- And you know that in an election year of cation, a 15-percent increase from last year; this magnitude, bipartisan good will is in and a 27-percent increase in Head Start. basic short supply. But we really cannot af- These proposals will make every 4-year-old ford politics as usual. I think we have a eligible for Head Start, every one. realistic window here of opportunity, a I believe the budget puts the money chance to make real progress and to do it where it does the most good. Now, some now. And maybe I’m a little optimistic on complain, clearly, that it doesn’t do much. this one, but I do sense that Members on I am proud of what it does. It lays out a

182 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / Feb. 3 blueprint for growth. And some of the a Congress. And I also know that that prac- things it doesn’t do deserve some credit. tice of bending to the constituents’ will on It does not violate the budget agreement every project enrages taxpayers across the which is the only constraint in existence on country, as well it should. So, I will keep discretionary Federal spending. And it repeating that a line-item veto lets a Presi- doesn’t raise taxes. And I think the program dent or a Governor say something that’s will work. And so while you’re here, my very hard to say, and that is, no. pitch would be to visit the congressional I want the Congress to let the States delegations and urge them to move by apply their own resources to important so- March 20th. I really believe that deadline cial programs, apply their imaginations. And should be met. too often we have this one-size-fits-all blue- Just a word about the long-term propos- print that just doesn’t fit outside of here, als. If you think of this moment in history, outside of this beltway. Jefferson called the after the cold war, right in the middle of the information revolution where we are, States laboratories. We referred to that at something becomes crystal clear: We’ve got the summit, educational summit. Well, it’s to retool America to meet the challenges time we let the States do this R&D, get of a new age, and that’s an age of inter- going on innovation. And I want to give national competition. Cold war policies just State and local governments greater flexibil- simply are not going to get the job done. ity in administering services. And that’s why Now, businesses have begun retooling for we propose a revised $14.6 billion block competition in the world economy. State grant. And that grant will provide the States governments have adopted innovations that with needed flexibility to administer edu- let them provide better services for less cation and health and social services and money. And I believe that it’s time the Fed- the drug program, some of which I guess eral Government becomes part of that solu- Bob Martinez was talking about. tion, too. So, let’s start with one long-term I want to focus the Federal policy on cru- goal that will make a huge difference in cial issues like welfare reform. And the key your lives. For years and years we in Wash- to that lies in one real simple word, and ington have talked about cutting the deficit. that is ‘‘responsibility.’’ Now, many States And I really believe we must get that deficit are in the innovation business, beginning to under control. The Federal Government is reform welfare with that responsibility. And too big, and it spends too much. And what they believe that when healthy adults re- that leads you to then is real budget dis- ceive Government assistance, they have re- cipline, and the long-term plan and the sponsibilities to the American taxpayers who short-term plan provide that discipline. And fund them: seeking work, education, job I simply cannot let the Congress bust the training. I see Tommy Thompson; I had a spending caps that now exist. long talk with him not just about the experi- I want the Congress to do what I believe you want, transcending party lines, and that ence in Wisconsin but about what other is to stop showering the States with these States are doing in these areas. And we sup- mandates, unfunded mandates. For busi- port that innovation. Clearly, we have re- nesses or for States, mandated programs sponsibility to those in the social safety net. and benefits too often mean mandated defi- And we have a responsibility to ensure that cits. And I’ve told Congress: If you pass welfare is a temporary net, not a guaranteed mandates onto the States, pay for them. lifestyle. So, we’re going to do what we can And don’t do it by raising taxes on all the to help reform the systems. That leads us Americans, on the American people. to waivers. If you need a waiver of Federal I want Congress to give me something regulations to reform, we’ll get you a waiver that you have. I’m not naive about this, but as quickly as we can. I’d like to have that line-item veto. And I And I want the Federal Government at understand the Legislature’s urge to please another point to redouble our efforts for the a constituent by putting something in the most fundamental building block of a home, budget. I was there. I was a Member of a school, a neighborhood, a city, our Nation,

183 Feb. 3 / Administration of George Bush, 1992 and I’m talking about the family. Several Choice serves as a cornerstone in our Amer- weeks ago—I mentioned this in making the ica 2000 program. Thirty States have already State of the Union—a group came in from embraced America 2000. And we can en- the National League of Cities, Democrats, sure just around this table that every State Republicans, large cities, small cities, urging joins the march, that every community be- me to appoint this Commission on the Urban comes an America 2000 community, that Family. The decline and disintegration of the every kid is prepared for the competitive family was at the very heart of the problems world of the 21st century. that they spelled out. And it was without ex- So, our education revolution, and I use ception; they agreed on this unanimously. the term ‘‘our’’ advisedly. Governor Nelson And of course, I’m very grateful to Governor chided me last night because I said ‘‘my’’ Ashcroft and the former mayor of Dallas, educational program. I was taking that up Annette Strauss, who agreed to lead this to Congress because, very candidly, they Commission. have a different approach there. But I ac- I believe our plan looks at the fundamen- cept that because it is ‘‘our’’ educational tals. It gives much-needed support to those program. And that revolution is ours. It raising families by increasing that personal started in Charlottesville more than 2 years exemption on the Federal income tax by ago. It shows what can be done when we $500 per child. I wish it could be more, lay down our partisan swords in service to but that’s all that can fit into this budget a higher cause. And I hope that you all that will not bust the ceilings. That’s all we will serve as an example, an inspiration for can afford right now. We give families a all of us in Washington during the next 6 greater stake in health care and education. weeks. And it proposes IRA reforms and tax In sum, I don’t want a partisan fight over changes that help people pay for these ba- our education program or, indeed, over this sics. growth package. And I really want us to A final issue, and one where you all have do what’s right. And my eyes are open in literally starred in an exemplary bipartisan terms of the partisan political year. But manner, and that’s education. The Gov- again, we have this timeframe now in which ernors have helped unleash a long-overdue we can lay aside our partisan ambitions and and much-needed revolution in education. get something done for this country, both And I want to commend the works of Gov- in the educational field and in terms of ernor Romer and Governor Campbell on growth. that report of the National Council on the So I guess the bottom line is, I need your Standards and Testing. The Senate has indi- help. I’d like to ask for your help to talk cated unanimous support for the rec- to the Congress about these initiatives. And ommendations, and our new budget injects certainly I would solicit, earnestly solicit new funds for research, statistics, and as- your help to see us move this country for- sessment funding that would be used to ward to try to revolutionize education for help implement these recommendations. So the generations coming. now, we must take the work that we began Thank you all very much. In just a second together and take it further. And we must we will be alone and able to hear a few revolutionize these American schools. I suggestions or answer a few questions. don’t know if Lamar has had a chance to Who’s next? bring you up to date, but clearly, I hope Governor Ashcroft. Mr. President, let me you will ask him where it stands if he hasn’t. just begin by thanking you for your firm and I’d like to urge you to help me send this steadfast leadership in the world during this message to Congress to literally join in this time of rapid change. We’re grateful for your revolutionary crusade for American edu- budget initiatives to stimulate economic cation and to pass the strategy, pass the growth. And your partnership with Gov- American 2000 strategy. We have got to ernors is a significant one in Federal-State give every child full and fair opportunity relations. Especially in a city that is covetous to learn. We believe educational choice is of power, we appreciate the fact that you the way, the clear way to help do that. think of us as partners. Especially we’ve

184 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / Feb. 3 appreciated the opportunity of working with Congress and convince them that your ap- you on national education goals, child care proach alone is the only approach. I think legislation, on increased funding for Head there are other approaches, and we ought Start—— to, as Governors, recognize that and to say Governor Romer. Could I ask the press together that we need to take these dif- not to leave yet? Go ahead. I’m sorry. ferences and work at them positively. I just Governor Ashcroft. ——for clean air leg- hope that whatever solution we come by, islation, the U.S.-Canada trade treaty, and that we do not, in the short-term solutions, national transportation legislation, all of dig ourselves holes where we do not have those things. We’re here today to say to long-term economic growth available to us. you that we appreciate your cooperation and I just wanted to lay out that issue because pledge our cooperation with you as we share it was an honest issue among some Demo- this opportunity to bring America into the 21st century. cratic Governors that we want to commu- Governor Romer. Excuse me, we need a nicate to you, that we’re concerned about new format here. I come as a part of a the budget that you’ve laid out. We’re con- nonpartisan organization, NGA. I’m the in- cerned that it does not provide the revenue coming chairman, and I think there are a to do what is anticipated there, and we’re lot of things that we need to discuss with concerned that some of those may end up the administration. And unfortunately, this on our backs, particularly the $12 billion format is not a good one; it’s kind of struc- undesignated source. tured. They’re assigned questions. The President. But if it doesn’t provide The President. Ask me anything you want. the revenue, are you all suggesting a tax increase now at the Federal level? Budget Proposals Governor Romer. I think that the ap- Governor Romer. But I think that there proach that many Democratic Governors are things that we do have a bipartisan pro- are taking is the following: That we ought gram on, and there are some things that to take the peace dividend, whatever size we honestly differ, Mr. President. And I, it is, $50 billion to $100 billion over 5 years, before the press left, wanted to say that and have it directed toward economic stim- on the main issue that is on your mind, ulation of the country. Secondly, that we and that is the economic recovery program ought to take the issue of tax fairness and and the budget, I think that there are some adjust it between the middle class and those very strong feelings about that issue from in the upper brackets as Congress and you Governors. And I think that we, hopefully, may jointly decide. I’m worried about trying can arrive at a bipartisan answer to it. How- to take the peace dividend and to make the ever, there are a couple of points that you economic tax adjustments that you sug- made that I think have partisan implica- gested with figures in the budget that I do tions, and I just frankly want to answer them before the press leaves the room. not yet believe balance. It is in reference to your budget proposal. The President. Well, let me get to the I also want to get gimmicks out of that defense budget. The Democratic Governor budget. I don’t think they’re out yet. I think has taken a position that it ought to be a there’s a $12 billion gimmick, which is an $100 billion defense cut? I have said to the asterisk which is not yet identified as to Nation I think it ought to be $50 billion, where the money is going to come from. and the Joint Chiefs of Staff think it ought And I think there is a $28 billion gimmick to be $50 billion. And I have a responsibility in there in terms of accrual accounting, of for the national security and the foreign pol- anticipating things in the future. icy. And in my view, $50 billion, based on Now, I want this to be settled, if we can, recommendations from the Joint Chiefs and by honestly working through the options. from the Secretary of Defense, is right. But I honestly believe that we ought not Now, are we saying—we’re getting to spe- pose this meeting with the Governors of cifics here. Do you want it to be $100 bil- how can we as Governors help you go to lion, and if so, what bases do you want to

185 Feb. 3 / Administration of George Bush, 1992 close? What areas do you want to shut age. down? What weapon systems do you want Now, Mr. President, I’m frankly trying to knock off right now? Where do you want not to make this any more partisan. I’m just to lay off the people? We’ve got a program. saying that I want to have an opportunity We’re testifying on it every day. Now, I’d that we can come to the table, we as Gov- like to know what your suggestion is specifi- ernors on both parties, have this discussion cally, while we have the press here. in detail so that whatever this economic Governor Romer. Let me answer it. The package is, it’s going to fit with the States reason I got into this is that I recognized when we get it passed. in your presentation—and before the press The President. I think you will recall, at was to leave—was an identification of these the opening of my remarks, I invited that Governors to go to Congress and argue for kind of suggestion. Now, inasmuch as you the budget message that you made. And I raised a couple of specifics, I think you’re simply am trying to say there is an alternate entitled to an answer. And I’d like Dick point of view that ought to be put on the Darman, who has testified, to respond to table. And that alternate point of view is, those two points. first of all, in the size of the military peace Director Darman. Thank you, Mr. Presi- dividend—— dent. The President. Right. The accrual accounting point is really Governor Romer. ——there is a debate quite arcane. But for those who are aware whether it’s $50 billion or $100 billion. And of the issue to which the Governor referred, I don’t know the answer to that because let me clarify a couple of things. First of I don’t sit in the Halls of Congress. But all, the budget numbers that we published I think that debate ought to go forward. and the deficit numbers we published do Secondly, there is a debate as to whether not, do not include the effect of the accrual or not the tax structure is fair, and that reforms. In other words, the number that debate ought to go forward. And I think is an unattractive number for fiscal year ’92, that the Governors ought to be able to par- which we published, $399.4 billion esti- ticipate in both parties in that debate mated deficit with our program, does not and—— include the effect of the accrual accounting The President. Well, let’s discuss it. What reform we recommend, point one. In other do you think we ought to do? What level words, the premise is wrong. do we have of defense spending? We’re tes- Second, the accrual reforms which we tifying every single day for the details of proposed, we proposed in June of last year this program. But if you’ve met and you before the growth package. They are inde- want to say something in front of the press, pendently desirable. We were asked by the I ask you to be specific with me. I think Congress to make a recommendation. We that’s the way we ought to approach it. made that recommendation. The Congres- Governor Romer. Well, the specific that sional Budget Office was also asked. They I’m really concerned about, about the budg- made the same recommendation, that insur- et, and I’ll be detailed about it, is there’s ance programs should be subject to accrual a $12 billion asterisk that I think hangs over accounting. The two different independent the head of Governors because it may be accounting organizations, outside CPA’s, State programs that are cut. There is ac- made the identical recommendation. And in counting, accrual accounting of future re- fact, many States followed the same ap- ceipts that concern me. There are implica- proach and are ahead of the Federal Gov- tions of tax revenue loss in the IRA treat- ernment. Some have argued that had we ment in years ahead that may produce addi- had accrual accounting in the past, we tional deficit. And in the course of the 2 would have seen the adverse effect of the days that I have been in town, I find that S&L crisis in advance, and it would have there is a considerable point of view, at least taken the appropriate preventive action in among some Democratic Governors, as to advance. what that’s going to mean in terms of how So, I think that that point is not quite apt we settle on the economic recovery pack- as a criticism. In fact, it’s a useful reform

186 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / Feb. 3 we’re recommending, but it is not used in did the Democratic Governors meet, and the deficit numbers that we published at the is there any feeling that we shouldn’t press lead of the budget. to try to get something done by March On the IRA scoring issue, again I’m afraid 20th? Is there a spokesman on that point? there’s a little bit of confusion. We actually Because what I would like to suggest, not scored the IRA proposal as losing money. that you have to sign every ‘‘t’’ and ‘‘i’’ but But we nonetheless propose it because we that we all urge Congress to move by that think it has a favorable long-term effect on date. If that date isn’t good, what date? Is growth. There are some in Congress who there feeling on that one? have proposed IRA reforms which they Governor Richards. I don’t believe, Mr. score positively. We did not adopt those. President, that there was any question that We adopted and explicitly over 5 years the Democratic Governors as well as the showed revenue losses: small gain in the Republican Governors are anxious to have first 2 years, substantial decline in the 3d, Congress move expeditiously. There was no 4th, and 5th year, with the declines increas- discussion of a magic date, but I suspect ing in exactly the manner you suggested, that the Congress is going to move very Governor Romer. But we did it above quickly, not only because we’re going to board, and we financed it. urge them to do that because it’s the right On the point about the asterisk—sorry for thing to do, but because we are very cog- going on so long, Mr. President, this is all nizant that it is an election year. It is time rather arcane. This one is extremely tech- for Congress to get its budget proposals out nical. I believe what you’re referring to there. shows up in fiscal year ’94 and ’95. And The President. That’s good because I it’s the only thing that I can think of that think most agree, people in the country would qualify as related to the number agree that it can move. It moved very fast you’ve mentioned. on, and properly so, on these extended ben- What we have done is we have proposed efits, and I think it can. And I just hope a budget authority freeze, fiscal year ’93 rel- that that’s an area that we can have com- ative to ’92, with every single program cut mon, make common ground here because fully identified above board, with every pro- it’s important. gram termination fully identified, and with While the press are here, are there any all the increases identified. That’s what the other—Jim, yes. law asks us to do. That’s all we have to do in the Federal appropriations process, one year. Medicaid and Welfare Waivers For the outyears, we extended the budget Governor Florio. Mr. President, I’m au- authority freeze forward, ’94, ’5, ’6, ’7. The thorized to ask a question that I think is outlays that are associated with that you on the minds of many of the Governors. can’t know at this stage; you don’t know As we try to put together our budget prob- until the Congress has made the decisions lems, there are two areas that sort of jump on fiscal year ’93. And you have to assume out that are extremely difficult for us to an outlay ratio. We did, but they’ve hit the deal with: One is health care in general, cap. So, we made an allowance adjustment Medicaid in particular, and the other is the to make it consistent with the law on the welfare situation that you’ve talked about. outyears at the same time as we proposed We are all trying to, in the best federalis- to amend the caps to make it conform cor- tic tradition, frame our own packages to be rectly. able to be cost-effective. And we are doing But none of that has effect on the actual it, at least some of us are doing it, in ways appropriations process. For the appropria- that are not, policywise, universally ap- tions process for this year every single line, plauded. It is tough. I was pleased to hear every project, every proposal is specified in in your State of the Union Message the dis- detail. There is no magic asterisk. cussion about waivers, and today again I was Thank you, Mr. President. very pleased. The President. While the press is here, I guess what I would urge, and I think I

187 Feb. 3 / Administration of George Bush, 1992 urge it on behalf of everyone, is that the the OMB had a contrary position that was Departments, particularly Health and more limiting on States just several months Human Services and of course OMB, which ago and that was worked out, a temporary gray eminence always plays a particular role compromise, I believe, with the Congress? here, look at these waiver requests with Can we interpret, then, that with that type the—I’m hesitant to use the word—the of philosophy that we will be able to utilize most liberal interpretation capable in order that in the future? And that’s something to let us put these programs into play in the that affects our budget of potentially $25 way that we think our localities will be able million; some other States, a couple of hun- to deal with them. dred million. And that’s the type of inter- And then, and most importantly, expedi- pretation, I think, that has caused us some tious. There has to be some review of these concern. things quickly as opposed to—and I was Director Darman. Are you referring to talking with the Governor of Massachusetts the Medicaid agreements we reached—ex- who was lamenting the fact that it took a cuse me, Mr. President, may I? year for something that he has an interest The President. No, please. in. So that if there’s a way that you can, Director Darman. The Medicaid agree- in accordance with what you’ve expressed ment we reached at the tail end of the Con- already, communicate directly with some of gress and then legislated? We propose to your folks that this is a high priority, it honor that 100 percent, notwithstanding the would help us. I suspect it would help the interest in reforming the health system. And Nation. And I just want to lay that out as some have advocated going back at dis- a very important initiative that the adminis- proportionate share and other things and re- tration can take. opening that agreement. We propose to The President. I think we’ve got agree- stick with that agreement, honor it, and live ment on that one. And I can assure you within it. It, I think, is a stable and mutually that’s what we will be trying to do. I hope agreeable place to move forward, isn’t it? it doesn’t require—we were just talking about this when I was talking to the Direc- tor before coming over here, as to whether Trade Initiatives legislative changes are essential in any of this waiving of authority and control. And The President. Any others? Tommy. I gather we can do a lot without that. Governor Thompson. Mr. President, let But Dick, do you want to address yourself me compliment you on your leadership as to that one? Some of it, again, is technical. trying to get through GATT and the Director Darman. Only to say, Mr. Presi- NAFTA. If we’re going to get our economy dent, that this is one where I do think we moving, it’s got to be done with a lot of are in complete agreement and are anxious exports. I was wondering if you could give to make sure that the waiver process moves us an update as to how the GATT is pro- more quickly and also that in applying it ceeding as well as NAFTA, which is very we’re more flexible than we have been in important to States like Wisconsin and the past, both of which I think have been Texas. And I want to compliment you on subjects of legitimate complaint by the Gov- your leadership in that regard. ernors. That is, that we’ve been too slow The President. Well, NAFTA, as you and that we’ve been too, if you’ll pardon know, is getting a little caught up in politics. the word, illiberal. So, I would think under We are not going to take a bad agreement the President’s direction you’ll see a visible to the Congress. We are going to push for and discernible and prompt change on this a North American free trade agreement. I subject. talked to the Prime Minister of Canada yes- Governor Miller. I’d just like to ask a terday on it. I’ve been in touch with Salinas more particular followup question, after the of Mexico, who’s doing a superb job down President, of the Office of Management and there. And I told them we are not going Budget, and that is: Can that be interpreted to pull back one inch, politics or no politics. to go into the provider payment in which This expands job opportunity for Ameri-

188 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / Feb. 3 cans. And the argument that it takes Amer- handling the agriculture end and can ex- ican jobs away is just not true. Just in recent pand on that. But Carla Hills, doing a su- history, the exports to Mexico have dramati- perb job. It isn’t easy right now because cally gone up, and that’s very, very good I think it’s much more European politics for American jobs. So on that one, we’re than it is U.S. at this time. Because the pressing forward. I’m going to try to set common agricultural policy there is one of aside any political timetable on it but move high subsidization. it to completion. And the last thing I’d say, for those who We are being fought by the unions, are doubtful about it or unclear, the best strong. They are wrong. And those of us way to help countries that need help the who believe in expanding markets and a most is through a successful conclusion of more prosperous Mexico is good for the the GATT round. The Third World coun- United States, whether it’s their ability to tries would benefit there more than any oth- do something about their environment, or ers. whether it’s their ability to buy more Amer- But Ed, do you want to add a word to ican goods, that’s sensible trade policy. So, that? Because I know a lot of people around we’re going to press for it. Whether we’ll this table are vitally interested in the agri- get it, Governor Thompson, in time or not, cultural component of this. I don’t know. Secretary Madigan. Mr. President, the The GATT, which in a sense is broader Director General of GATT, Arthur Dunkel, because it gives us problems in Europe, is has made a proposal for the solution to the extraordinarily difficult. The major stum- round, and that proposal is regarded by the bling block is still agriculture. It is not the United States as being a very acceptable only stumbling block. I had a chance to visit framework for bringing the negotiations to with President Mitterrand up at the United a close. And as you point out, the Euro- Nations on Friday. We’ve agreed to talk peans will not accept it. So, Mr. Dunkel again in a bilateral meeting on this subject. has begun meeting unilaterally with the Eu- The Germans are involved, and they tell ropeans this week to see if he can work me they’re trying to be helpful. But I don’t out something with them that he would want to misrepresent it to the Governors; then propose to the rest of us. We don’t we still have some big problems on bringing know the status of those talks at this point. this one to conclusion. The President. Pete, Governor Wilson. And it is essential that it get done because if it doesn’t get done, what we’re going to do is see the world start dividing up into Congressional Mandates and State Priorities trading blocs. There’s one out in Asia that Governor Wilson. This is really coming makes some sense, the ASEAN bloc. But back on Jim Florio’s point. I think that there if you add to that Japan and try to make should not have been a Governor listening a Pacific trading bloc, that would not be to your State of the Union who didn’t cheer good for free trade worldwide. I similarly when you made the point that you did and went to great ends to tell them that the that you repeated this morning about waiv- NAFTA, the free trade agreement, was not ers. If there should be bipartisanship on an effort on the part of this hemisphere anything, at least among the Governors, it’s to divide into a trading bloc. And I think on that point. I can’t think of a Governor I’ve made that point, I hope convincingly, here who has not at some point or another to the EC and to Europe. given voice to the complaint that we are But it is important we get that deal done, being compelled to spend State tax money and get it done so the Congress can approve in accordance not with our own priorities it. We’re not going to take a bad deal up but really with the agenda of the congres- there. It isn’t simply agriculture: We’ve got sional committee chair. And it does distort intellectual property rights; we have market priorities. It does distort our spending, not access; we have some other ingredients. But just at the State level, but I would suggest we’ve got good people working this prob- that most of the distortion is linked to Fed- lem. There’s Ed Madigan here today. He’s eral spending.

189 Feb. 3 / Administration of George Bush, 1992

And so, I would say that we have reason more than one, and I appreciate you giving to be not only grateful but also, as we seek us the opportunity to expound that this the waivers, I think we’re all well aware morning. that the waiver is temporary relief. God The President. All I was doing was appeal- knows we’re grateful for it, and we are very ing for an endorsement, not suggesting you grateful for the speedy action that you’re endorse it. [Laughter] I’ve known you too bringing about. The real answer is that Con- long. gress passed these laws, and Congress Who’s next? Terry. should repeal them. And I think we ought Agricultural Trade to help one another. I think, frankly, that those of us who have complained so loud Governor Branstad. Mr. President, first and long have an obligation to ourselves as of all, I want to thank you for your assist- well as to you, not only to Federal taxpayers ance in trying to open some markets for but to those common constituents who are us. Something that was done a few years State taxpayers as well, to go up there and ago, opening the market for beef in Japan, really start changing the laws. Now, that’s is really making a difference in my State. going to be hard to do because committee And I heard David Gergen say recently that chairmen enjoy the power of the purse. 80 percent of the new jobs created last year They love that generalized prescription. were as a result of exports. We can’t afford But this may not be the perfect season to go into protectionism. We have to con- in which to do it. But after your reelection, tinue to fight for access to those markets. to venture a partisan comment, we ought And I just want to encourage you to con- to go up there, bipartisan, and say to these tinue to lead that effort for access. We’re being discriminated against in the committee chairmen, ‘‘We’ve had enough. European Community because of the hor- You are distorting the whole process.’’ mone issue, which is a false issue, doesn’t The President. Would it be possible to have anything to do with health. And we get agreement amongst Democrat and Re- need to continue that. And I know that’s publican Governors as what legislative a stickler; that’s an issue in the GATT nego- changes would be enacted, whether we tiations. But I just want to encourage you could get together on that, whether the to continue to take a strong stand on that. Governors’ Association might get together It’s very important to us, especially in agri- and suggest legislative changes? Because if culture. Given an opportunity to compete that came up there in a bipartisan way, I in a fair playing field, we can compete in believe it would make a tremendous impact the world. on Congress, far better than, say, the ad- The President. You want to respond, Ed? ministration taking it up with the backing Secretary Madigan. I think, Mr. Presi- of some Governors. dent, in the Dunkel text, the standards on Governor Romer. I think that there is the sanitary and biosanitary issues have been possibility for us to do some bipartisan work well-regarded by the wheat producers in the in that area, and I think it would be very United States because they would deal with helpful for us to sort that out. And Mr. that hormone issue in Europe. That’s one President, I appreciate this conversation. of the things that all of our producers seem This is what I was hoping that we could to like about the Dunkel text. do, is to identify those things where we The President. Governor Sinner had his bipartisanly really can go together, but also hand up. to identify that there are some times and some places in an election year that we do Energy Policy have differences. And I appreciate your giv- Governor Sinner. In this whole area of ing us the opportunity to raise these dif- trade I get very nervous about us putting ferences this morning. And the reason I did ourselves in a continual vulnerable position it in an abrupt way, I just did not want on energy. I can see why other countries us to be in the posture of endorsing only have the same feeling about food. You and the one economic approach which was in I had a long talk about energy when you your State of the Union Message. There is were Vice President, and you had been

190 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / Feb. 3 over to the Middle East. And I remember believes in our national energy strategy as then that you shared my concerns that we outlined, we ought to fight for it. So, I don’t sit here totally vulnerable to a Middle East think we have a difference. tyranny. And I want the free trade. But I What I’m getting at, though, is I don’t think when you get into the area of energy think that there’s anything in these free and food, we have to understand that the trade agreements that is going to adversely people of Europe have been hungry, and affect development of domestic energy. I they aren’t going to forget that. And we just don’t believe that there’s anything, if have been through a horrible war, $100 bil- we’ve got a good NAFTA or we get a good lion we spent, a couple hundred thousand GATT agreement, that either one of those people dead to protect our energy re- would make us more dependent on foreign sources. I want to say that I think we have oil at all. I don’t see the connection on that to be extremely careful and not euphemize one. Maybe I’ve missed it. But I certainly free trade as though there weren’t some don’t want to see us become more depend- other considerations because it is not magic. ent on it, and I don’t think we have to. It’s not in the Constitution. What we are Governor Sinner. [Inaudible]—that free bound to do here is protect the people’s trade will somehow or other obliterate the needs. dangers that befall society if we become to- The second thing, you asked a while ago tally dependent on something called free if any of us were for tax increases. And I trade in energy. That’s the point I wanted don’t speak for anybody but myself. But my to make. children and your children and the children of all the people around here are going to The President. Yes, unfortunately we’re pay one hell of a debt. And I, for one, say becoming, because of failure to move for- my answer to your question: Yes, I would ward with safe nuclear power, which I think favor that. I think it’s time we go back and we can do—we’ll get a lively debate on that tax some of the wealthy people. I’m not one around this table, I’m sure—or getting super-wealthy, but what I pay in income more technology going, I think we’ve got taxes isn’t very much, really, compared to a problem on energy dependence. And I’d what people in low-income brackets pay. I like to see it reverse. And that’s what we’ve think you could tax the wealthy a lot more. tried to do in our national energy strategy And the fact is if we continue into this which we have not gotten through the Con- sewer of debt, our children and the families gress. Again, I’d make an appeal for you that are suffering today, that’s nothing com- people that are interested in the energy side pared to what the families of tomorrow will of things to take a look at it and support suffer. So, I just want you to know that it where you can. I, for one, would stand and say yes, I do I see Jim over there, who’s done a superb think we should raise them. job on our overall energy requirements, try- The President. My problem on that is that ing to make us less dependent. I cannot the percentage of the GDP, GNP taken by certify that our program—and, Jim, correct taxes is inching up and is too high. But any- me—will make us independent of foreign way, we have a difference on that one. sources of all energy. It won’t. But it will I don’t think we’ve got a difference on move us in the right direction. Is that about energy. One, you and I do agree, I think, right? that there is a risk in becoming ever more Secretary Watkins. Yes, that’s right, Mr. dependent on foreign oil in this country. President. The bill stripped down will come And one of the reasons I strongly support to the floor this afternoon at 2 p.m. It will the ANWR is because, one, I think it’s envi- then go through a debating period and ronmentally compatible, and secondly, most come up for a motion to proceed. Whether importantly, I think that offers us a chance there’s going to be a filibuster, I don’t know. to at least turn around this increasing de- That should happen on Wednesday, but pendence on foreign oil. And I think it’s we should be underway on the debate. about time that we make that case. For Unfortunately, it does take out the Arctic those of us, Democrat or Republican, who National Wildlife Refuge. It takes out the

191 Feb. 3 / Administration of George Bush, 1992

CAFE standards which we we’ve been a much smaller number, just about $500 against all the way along. Nevertheless, the million. In your budget last year, you rec- Arctic National Wildlife Refuge, as you ommended the cutting of the low-income mentioned properly, is part of the growth human assistance program. It’s a small pro- package. It is worth about 500,000 jobs over gram. It’s $1.5 billion this year. It’s prin- the next 10 years. It’s worth about $200 cipally used in the northern States to help billion in reduction of our trade deficit. people get through the winter with fuel as- Those monies always go offshore. sistance. We had to put some State money The movement of that particular refuge up. Of course, we had to level-fund our will not only be worth that 8.5 billion bar- State budget this year, so that meant we rels but will also carry along, with the resi- had to take the money from somewhere due of the Prudhoe Bay will add another else. billion barrels. Now, that’s good for the In your budget this year, Mr. President, economy of the United States. And so that’s it’s recommended that you cut the program why you include it as part of your growth again by 33 percent. And we could barely package and encourage them to pass this handle last year’s cuts. I would ask that you bill, which is filled with natural gas expedi- might reconsider and possibly levelly fund tion movements to the private sector, to in- that, which I think would be consistent with dustry, to business. It’s good; it’s clean. your own budget goals. It would mean a You’ve got a very balanced program there, great deal particularly to those over 65, liv- and I’m hopeful that the 14 titles that re- ing alone, and who really depend on this main, that we will see an expeditious ad- program in the northern States for keeping dress by the Congress. themselves warm throughout the winter. And I hope that we can continue the fight The President. Has anybody got available for bringing back the Arctic National Wild- the figures on home heating oil price, say, life Refuge as part of your growth package, 2 years ago compared to what it is now? if nothing else. You can’t get it in the energy Governor Dean. Well, this year, Mr. bill; keep it in the growth package. It is President, you’re correct. This year we were real growth. able to—— We need revenues to find the alternatives The President. It’s less, isn’t it now? to oil which is the very thing we’re trying to do in getting alternative fuels. You have Governor Dean. It’s much less now, and the most powerful alternative fuel package that’s one of the reasons we were not hurt that’s ever been put together in this coun- as badly by the cuts this year. But I don’t try, to go in all directions. It will help many expect the home heating oil price to go Governors around this table with the down another 33 percent next year. And ethanols; the methanols; the electric car, the also, of course, there are a great many, at opportunity to drive those electric cars with least in Vermont, that heat with other fuels the off-peak loads in our industrial plant such as wood or natural gas, and the price today. We have plenty of electrical power has not dropped commensurately. for 120 million of those vehicles. We can I’m not so much complaining about last get off this oil in our transportation sector. year’s cut, which we did deal with, but if And we still need the oil, our own oil. we were to lose 33 percent of that program, And so, we can move in the direction that small program though it is, we would be stabilizes that increase in imports. And I devastated. think your bill not only does that, but your The President. Dick, do you want to com- bill is a very powerful growth package for ment on it? I can’t remember the exact both jobs and revenue for the country. numbers. Go ahead. Director Darman. The Governors will Low Income Home Energy Assistance perhaps remember, Mr. President—it’s all Program a question of perspective, I suppose. The The President. Governor Dean. standard proposal for this program, which Governor Dean. We’ve been tossing is known colloquially as LIHEAP, the stand- around huge numbers. I want to talk about ard proposal has been zero in the past from

192 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / Feb. 3 the administration. And this year, we’re at and November in a fashion which included a billion. So, we look at it as a billion more they-said-it-couldn’t-be-done type activity. than some might have recommended and And the Congress, because the President proposed, and you look at it as half a billion had worked so arduously with us toward less. reconciling those differences, agreed. And The way the appropriations process we were able to stabilize the situation which works, as you know, these things are still was highly volatile for our own budgets and subject to adjustment within the caps. And for the Federal budgeting process as well. so if this goes up 500, something else has So, Mr. President, thank you very much to go down 500. This is not one that we for your special welcome to us, and your would, I think it’s fair to say, fight and die kindness to us, your cooperation with us, over. We thought a billion was a lot more and your willingness to exchange these than zero. I can understand why you think views with us. We’re deeply grateful to you. it’s less than 1.5 billion. The President. Listen, I enjoyed having Medicaid Waivers you. I see John Sununu. I think those of you, as we tried to get through that Medic- Governor Romer. I want to thank the aid problem, you had an inside voice here. President for his willingness to exchange [Laughter] And I really think he deserves these views with us on such a candid level. credit for the fact we were able to reach And I appreciate his welcome to the White agreement that brought some relief and, I House that he has consistently extended to wouldn’t say joy, but at least less concern us as Governors. to the Governors around the table. I’m very And even more importantly, I appreciate grateful to him and Dick also. But it re- the fact that we’ve been able to work to- quired some skill up on the Hill, too, which gether in a true federalism partnership he demonstrated. which has made it possible for us to be But in any event, thank you all very much. more productive. And I appreciate the spirit of this visit, and Some of the questions today even re- look forward to doing this again. Thank you flected the way in which we’ve been able very much. to work out differences. The one about the Medicaid settlement was a very serious problem to a number of us. We worked Note: The President spoke at 11:15 a.m. in together through the months of October the East Room at the White House.

Exchange With Reporters Prior to Discussions With President Ronald Venetiaan of Suriname February 3, 1992

Japan-U.S. Relations fine. Q. Any defense of American workers in Q. Do you accept that, sir, as an apology? The President. I accept it for what it was, response to what Mr. Miyazawa said? a very clear statement from a good man, The President. Just go by what Marlin a man who has said clearly that they’re Fitzwater told you guys when you asked the going to live up to their commitments, and same question about 6 hours ago. [Laugh- I support him for that. And we had a very ter] good visit. So, you know, he’s gone Q. Have you seen the—— out of his way to make clear that he was The President. Strong support. I just not denouncing all American workers. heard what Marlin said, and I back it 100 And I strongly support them and percent. I also saw the correction by Mr. continue to say so. We can compete with Miyazawa, I’m pleased to say. So, that was anybody in the world if we’re

193 Feb. 3 / Administration of George Bush, 1992 given access. Marlin summed up our posi- Note: The exchange began at 4:31 p.m. in tion very well. the Oval Office. In his remarks, the Presi- dent referred to Prime Minister Kiichi Miyazawa of Japan.

Statement by Press Secretary Fitzwater on the President’s Meeting With President Ronald Venetiaan of Suriname February 3, 1992

The President met today with President reform and adjustment. The President Ronald Venetiaan of the Republic of Suri- pointed out that effective action in this area name. will enhance Suriname’s ability to stimulate The President expressed his satisfaction private investment and trade, which are the at the success of Suriname’s elections and key to long-term growth. orderly transition to democratic civilian gov- The two Presidents also discussed the ernment following the military coup in De- threat to Suriname of increased narcotics cember of 1990. He stressed the United trafficking, and the President pledged our States deep commitment to fostering demo- support for Suriname’s counternarcotics ef- cratic civilian rule throughout the hemi- forts. sphere and emphasized that President Venetiaan enjoys our full support for his ef- President Venetiaan is making his first forts to strengthen democratic institutions, visit to the United States since his inaugura- undertake economic reform, and curb nar- tion in September 1991. He entered office cotics trafficking. as a result of elections held in May 1991 The two Presidents discussed the Suri- with the participation of observers from the namese Government’s plans for economic Organization of American States.

Message to the Congress Transmitting a Report on United States Government Activities in the United Nations February 3, 1992

To the Congress of the United States: tions Participation Act (Public Law 264, I am pleased to transmit herewith a re- 79th Congress; 22 U.S.C. 287b). port of the activities of the United States GEORGE BUSH Government in the United Nations and its affiliated agencies during the calendar year The White House, 1990, the second year of my Administration. February 3, 1992. The report is required by the United Na-

194 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / Feb. 4

Message to the Congress Transmitting the Report of the Federal Labor Relations Authority February 3, 1992

To the Congress of the United States: cases heard and decisions rendered by the In accordance with section 701 of the Federal Labor Relations Authority, the Civil Service Reform Act of 1978 (Public General Counsel of the Authority, and the Law 95–454; 5 U.S.C. 7104(e)), I have the Federal Service Impasses Panel. pleasure of transmitting to you the Twelfth GEORGE BUSH Annual Report of the Federal Labor Rela- tions Authority for Fiscal Year 1990. The White House, The report includes information on the February 3, 1992.

Remarks to the National Grocers Association in Orlando, Florida February 4, 1992

Thank you for that warm welcome, and to it, but from a personal standpoint I’ll please be seated. And Tom, thank you for always remember that warm reception that that wonderful introduction. Thanks also to you all, the NGA, gave me when I ad- Bill Confer, your chairman. And before we dressed that 1985 convention. It was in New get started, I don’t know where they are, Orleans. You gave me a good education but I’d like to recognize two outstanding about your industry then, and I remember Congressmen from this area, Bill McCollum it still. A typical NGA member is a family- and Cliff Stearns, and also a former Con- run business. Many of you carry on legacies gressman who is actively involved with me, built through the vision and sacrifice of a Bill Grant, of Florida. You have three of grandmother or a grandfather. Just met one the best right here with you today. of your directors. She was a third generation And it’s a great pleasure, and I really mean that, to be here with this enthusiastic in the grocery business, perhaps an immi- group. I originally had planned to be at your grant to this country; some were. You work dinner last night. But then I found out it on the thinnest of profit margins. You chal- was called the Asparagus Club Banquet. lenge one another with bracing competition [Laughter] Thought I’d better not take a that clearly benefits our consumers like no chance. And you know why, dangerously others in the world. And today as always, close. [Laughter] Okay, Barbara won the your success as community grocers depends broccoli war. I said what I thought, and she not just on the bottom line but on the old- got out and received all these broccoli grow- fashioned virtues of being a good neighbor. ers. And sales shot up about 500 percent. Since I last met you all in 1985, the world [Laughter] has changed. We’ve got a lot to be grateful You all know, I think, of my love for for. We won the cold war. We led a coali- sports. And this being an election year, my tion in the Gulf to crush Saddam Hussein’s competitive juices are flowing more than aggression in Kuwait. We’ve created a world ever. And so, today I’m making an an- with the prospects of unprecedented pros- nouncement that many of you have been perity and peace. But we’ve also run into expecting for a long time. I’m officially de- some hard times here. Our economy has claring my entry into your best bagger con- slowed down. We must get it fired up again. test. Just one question: Paper or plastic? The professional pessimists tell us Amer- [Laughter] ica has become weak and disabled, that our I’ll always remember, and Tom referred

195 Feb. 4 / Administration of George Bush, 1992 economy has fallen and it can’t get up. Well, I send progrowth proposals to Congress, all that’s just plain bunk. It’s not true. And I’m the public hears is sloganeering about fair- going to tell you what we can do about it. ness. This twists a good concept into a Day by day and step by step, we’re going weapon of envy and divisiveness, desire to to get ourselves moving, and we’ll do it as divide America along class lines. I don’t look Americans always have. We’ll combine our at it that way. Here’s what fairness means common sense, our work ethic, and our de- to me: It means if you want to work, you termination with progrowth policies. With can get a job. It means if you have a good these, we’ll carry the entire world into the idea, you’ll get a chance to test it, or if next American century. You can bet on it. you build a business, you don’t lose your You don’t have to be some rocket scientist earnings to excessive taxes or overregula- to understand how. You stick with the ba- tion. That’s what fairness means to me. sics. And I proposed a commonsense com- Above all, the most important test of fair- prehensive action plan last week in my State ness for my plan is that it will work for of the Union Address. It gets investment going, because you can’t build new busi- all Americans. It will create jobs. nesses and create new jobs without new in- And now, here’s what I want by March vestment. It strengthens the industries that 20th. And I set that date because I do be- historically have led us into recoveries, espe- lieve we have a window in which we get cially real estate and housing. It hacks away something done, even though this is going obstacles to growth. It cuts the Federal defi- to be a very controversial and difficult na- cit by holding back spending. Government tional election year. Here’s what I want: is far too big, and it spends too much. And First, incentives to make productive invest- I am going to keep it within its limits of ments. These involve a 15-percent invest- this budget agreement that is in place right ment tax allowance and needed changes to now. the alternative minimum tax. Now, these Ask yourselves the question: How free are will encourage business to invest in equip- we, really, when the Government gobbles ment and become more productive. I just up 25 percent of our GNP? I’m demanding, took a tour through the exhibits here, I need your support, that Congress get seri- amazed by some of the technology. These ous about this. One thing, I’ve listed 246 proposals will stimulate that kind of invest- programs that I want cut out this year, 246. ment and will help individuals invest in high Each one has a protector; each one has a technology or in whatever machinery is noble title. None of them is essential to the needed. well-being of the United States of America. Second, we need incentives to build and And I want something else. I want that line- to buy real estate: a change in the passive- item veto so I can enforce real spending loss rules for active real estate developers. disciplines. Forty-three Governors have it. We need penalty-free withdrawals from We’ve got to get Washington back to common sense. To do that, I really mean IRA’s for first-time homebuyers and a this, I need your help. I know you can de- $5,000 tax credit for the first purchase of liver. You know your neighbors; they know a home. Housing economists predict that you. The grocery business grows when your my plan will mean an extra 200,000 homes neighborhood grows, when the Nation’s built and 415,000 new construction jobs to economy grows. I’ve asked Congress to build them. Real estate and housing, with enact some laws that will create jobs by get- this stimulus, will lead our way into active ting our economy growing again. And I’ve recovery. set a deadline, March 20th. I ask you to And third, incentives to succeed: Cut the circle that Friday on your calendar. Re- capital gains tax. This tax hurts anyone who member this deadline. Congress needs to has made a sensible investment in a home, take a few simple steps to create good a business, or a farm. None of our key com- American jobs, now. petitors taxes gains at high rates, world The Capitol Hill hearings on my program global competitors. Let’s stop penalizing begin today. But I must say, too often when savings and investment. Let’s stop punish-

196 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / Feb. 4 ing excellence. And yes, let’s talk about fair- health care costs would be an awful lot ness. Lower capital gains mean more invest- lower if we didn’t have a lot of frivolous ment, and more investment means more lawsuits going after these doctors for mal- jobs. So, let’s get that capital gains tax cut, practice. now. One of the great lessons of our times is Three measures, three pieces of common this: Freedom and cooperation work; big sense, three things Congress should do by Government doesn’t. And after 70 years, the March 20th. I know that Congress will listen new leaders in Moscow recognize that total to you; you come right from the grassroots. Government regulation produces only one And I’m counting on your help. In the thing: total failure. And now, the Russians— meantime, I’ve initiated some reforms that I had a fascinating visit with Boris Yeltsin will get the economy moving without having up at Camp David on Saturday—the Rus- to wait for Congress to act. I’ve imposed sians want to try something different, like a 90-day freeze on Federal regulations that grocery stores with groceries on the shelves. could hinder economic growth. And during [Laughter] This man’s put into some tough that period, all Departments and Agencies reforms there. Got to stay with him. Got will review regulations, old and new, and to help him make them work. when possible, stop the ones that will hurt Isn’t it ironic, at the exact moment the growth and speed up those that will help world is turning to our values of more eco- growth. nomic freedom and competition, some in I see from your convention schedule that the United States Congress want to go just you have a workshop entitled ‘‘The Regu- the opposite way. And here’s an example lators Are Back.’’ No wonder. You can’t get of the trouble brewing in Congress: That’s through a day without having to worry about the so-called FDA enforcement bill. I’m what some regulator is going to do to you sure those of you who sell your own private- through some thoughtless regulation. Regu- label groceries aren’t exactly thrilled by the lations may have stated aims as wholesome prospect of more legal and accounting and as Mom and the apple pie. But you know paperwork burdens. But that’s just what better than anyone that when regulators some in the Congress want to do. Well, let carry that regulation too far, there won’t be me tell you in no uncertain terms: The time any apple pie for Mom to buy. for overregulation is over. And if they send I ran a council on deregulation for 8 years me any more legislation with excessive regu- as Vice President. And I’m here to assure lation in it, I’m going to veto it and send you, we’ve not lost the spirit of deregula- it back. It’s going right back up there. tion. I want you to be able to spend your Again, the Congress can help get the time working on what you can do for your economy moving if it will just do the right customers rather than fretting about what thing. Last week one Member of Congress, some regulator might do to you. a Democrat, said it might be smart politics And I’m also fighting hard against this for the Democrats to meet the deadline and epidemic of lawsuits. The costs and the pass my plan intact. I can’t say what their delays in our legal system are a hidden tax motives may be, but I know one thing, my on every single American consumer, on plan will help the American people. So let every business transaction in America. And me take the heat. I know that my program that’s why I’m sending to Congress today will get the economy moving again. And a reform bill, the ‘‘Access to Justice Act of again, urge the Congress to pass it intact 1992.’’ My reform proposal will give Ameri- by March 20th. cans cheaper and easier alternatives to trial. March 20 isn’t a moment too soon to And my plan will halt needless lawsuits by enact this short-term program. But we also making changes in the way some attorney’s must take a longer look, look to longer hori- fees are awarded. Let’s stop America’s love zons. And I proposed a long-term plan in affair with the lawsuit. If we’re as good at my State of the Union Address. Let me just rewarding success as we are at suing each give you a couple of the highlights here, other, we’d be way ahead of the rest of some of the highlights. the world. I might say parenthetically, First, let’s create more American jobs by

197 Feb. 4 / Administration of George Bush, 1992 opening up and expanding markets all over will find straightforward, plain solutions to the world. A new GATT agreement, we’re our problems. Some may complain that they working hard to get one, will make the lack the flash of an expensive new program world trading system come to grips with the or that they don’t have quite the right politi- damaging tariffs and export subsidies in ag- cal ring for this political year. But I’m not riculture. And by tearing down economic seeking spending for spending’s sake. I barriers with Mexico and Canada, a new don’t want a fancy title on a bill that will North American free trade agreement can shoot interest rates right up through the lift us to new heights of prosperity. And roof. I want results. My plan is sound, and make no mistake about this: A sound free it will work. trade agreement will mean more American If you hear people in Congress gripe that jobs, not less, more American jobs. they can’t get the job done by March 20th, Second, let free choice and free markets remind them we won the Gulf war in 44 reform this health care system of ours. This days. Surely Congress can pass my urgent week I’m going to ask for a new credit to domestic program in 52 days. Remember, help those without health insurance, em- Congress can act with lightning speed when ployed or not, to buy such coverage. My it wants to. So, accept no excuses. Accept plan will assure that both American workers no delays. And accept no substitutes. and the unemployed will have access to Please don’t leave this message behind basic health insurance even if they change when you leave this convention hall. Take jobs or develop serious health problems. We it home to your families, to your customers, can’t improve health care by threatening the to your neighbors. From February 8th till health of job-intensive businesses. The last February 17th, your Congressmen will be thing we want is for companies to cut costs home for the President’s Day recess. That’s by cutting workers. And I am whole- a great time for you to go to their home- heartedly opposed, as I believe you are, to town offices and tell them to meet the schemes that cost jobs by mandating bene- deadline and to pass this plan. With an ef- fits that an employer must pay. fort like this, I know we’ll get their atten- And thirdly, let’s strengthen the family, tion, and we’ll get America moving again. the cornerstone of the American dream. Thank you very, very much for this recep- Let’s ease the burden of child-rearing. The tion. And may God bless the United States personal tax exemption has not kept up with of America. Thank you. inflation. I’m asking Congress, immediately, to increase the exemption for each child by Note: The President spoke at 11:35 a.m. at $500. It’s a significant move in the right the Orange County Convention/Civic Cen- direction, and for our kids’ sake, we must ter. In his remarks, he referred to Tom do no less. Zaucha, president of the National Grocers Look at my economic proposals and you Association.

Message to the Congress Transmitting Proposed Legislation on Access to Justice February 4, 1992

To the Congress of the United States: imposed high costs on our citizens, small I am pleased to transmit today for your businesses, industries, professionals, and immediate consideration and enactment the government at all levels. ‘‘Access to Justice Act of 1992’’. The pur- A thorough study of the current civil jus- pose of this proposal is to reduce the tre- tice system has been conducted by a special mendous growth in civil litigation that has working group, chaired by the Solicitor burdened the American court system and General, Kenneth W. Starr. The working

198 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / Feb. 4 group’s recommendations, which were • award of reasonable attorney’s fees in unanimously accepted by my Council on disputes involving the United States Competitiveness, are reflected in the bill. would be permitted in appropriate in- The legislation seeks to reduce wasteful and stances; counterproductive litigation practices by en- • prior notice would be required, subject couraging voluntary dispute resolution, the to reasonable limits, as a prerequisite improved use of litigation resources, and, to bringing suit in any United States where appropriate, modified, market-based District Court; fee arrangements. Additional reforms would • flexible assignment of district court permit the judicial system to operate more judges would be authorized; effectively. • immunity of State judicial officers The Access to Justice Act would accom- would be clarified and protected; plish reforms in significant areas of litiga- • the Civil Rights of Institutionalized tion: • Persons Act would be amended to en- a prerequisite for Federal jurisdiction courage resolution of claims adminis- over certain types of lawsuits (the tratively; and amount in controversy requirement) • improvements in case management in would be redefined to exclude vague, Federal courts would be effected. subjective claims; • I believe this proposed legislation would prevailing parties could be entitled to greatly reduce the burden of excessive, award of attorney’s fees in certain law- needless litigation while protecting and en- suits brought in Federal court; hancing every American’s ability to vindicate • the Equal Access to Justice Act would legal rights through our legal system. I rec- be amended to clarify and limit litiga- ommend prompt and favorable consider- tion over the amount of attorney’s fees; ation of the enclosed bill. • innovative ‘‘multi-door courthouses’’ would be established to encourage uti- GEORGE BUSH lization of alternative dispute resolution The White House, mechanisms; February 4, 1992.

Presidential Determination No. 92–13—Memorandum on Emergency Funding for the Organization of American States Mission to Haiti February 4, 1992

Memorandum for the Secretary of State authorize the furnishing of up to $2 million of funds made available to carry out chapter Subject: Emergency Funding for OAS 4 of part II of the Foreign Assistance Act Mission to Haiti of 1961 for that purpose. Pursuant to the authority vested in me You are authorized and directed to trans- by section 614(a)(1) of the Foreign Assist- mit this determination to the Speaker of the ance Act of 1961, as amended, I hereby House of Representatives and the Chairman determine that it is important to the secu- of the Committee on Foreign Relations of rity interests of the United States to furnish the Senate and to arrange for its publication assistance to the Organization of American in the Federal Register. States (OAS) for its activities in Haiti notwithstanding section 513 of the Foreign Op- GEORGE BUSH erations, Export Financing, and Related Programs Appropriations Act, 1991 (Public Law 101–513) and any other provision of [Filed with the Office of the Federal Reg- law within the scope of section 614, and ister, 2:23 p.m., February 13, 1992]

199 Feb. 4 / Administration of George Bush, 1992

Appointment of Antonio Benedi as Special Assistant to the President and Deputy Director of Presidential Appointments and Scheduling February 4, 1992

The President has announced his inten- Education, 1983–85. Mr. Benedi was the tion to appoint Antonio Benedi to be Spe- Special Assistant to the Director of AC- cial Assistant to the President and Deputy TION, the Federal domestic volunteer Director of Presidential Appointments and agency, 1981–83. In 1980, he worked on Scheduling. the National Reagan-Bush Campaign Com- From 1989 to the present, Mr. Benedi mittee. has served as the Deputy Director of the Mr. Benedi graduated from George Office of Presidential Appointments and Mason University in Fairfax, VA, receiving Scheduling. Prior to this, he served as Coor- a bachelor of arts degree in psychology. He dinator and then Director of Special was born August 5, 1955, in Havana, Cuba. Projects and Initiatives in the Office of the He left Cuba in 1960 for Honduras and Vice President, Office of Advance, 1985– moved with his family to Virginia in 1962. 89. He also served as Special Assistant to He is married to the former Maria T. the Assistant Secretary for Elementary and Fernandez, has two sons, Tony and Jamie, Secondary Education at the Department of and resides in Springfield, VA.

Appointment of Linda Eischeid Tarplin as Special Assistant to the President for Legislative Affairs for the Senate February 4, 1992

The President announced the appoint- Office of Human Development Services, ment of Linda Eischeid Tarplin to be Spe- 1989–90; Special Assistant to the Deputy cial Assistant to the President for Legislative Assistant Secretary for Legislation, 1986–89; Affairs for the Senate. and legislative assistant to Representative Since 1990 Mrs. Tarplin has served as Bill Frenzel, 1985–86. Deputy Assistant Secretary for Legislation Mrs. Tarplin graduated from the Univer- at the Department of Health and Human sity of Minnesota. She was born January 23, Services. Prior to this she was the Director 1961, in Carroll, IA. She is married to Rich- of Policy, Planning and Legislation for the ard Tarplin and resides in Arlington, VA.

Appointment of Leigh Ann Metzger as Deputy Assistant to the President for Public Liaison February 4, 1992

The President today announced the ap- Since 1990 Ms. Metzger has served as pointment of Leigh Ann Metzger as Deputy Assistant to the President for Public Liaison.

200 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / Feb. 5

Special Assistant to the President for Public port. Ms. Metzger has worked on Capitol Liaison. Prior to this she was coalitions and Hill for then-freshman Congressman Patrick organization director at the National Repub- L. Swindall. In addition, she was the Atlanta lican Congressional Committee and legisla- office manager for the Georgia Reagan- tive director for Phyllis Schlafly’s Eagle Bush ’84 campaign. Forum in Washington, DC. In 1987, Ms. Ms. Metzger is a graduate of Samford Metzger also served as the Director of the University in Birmingham, AL, receiving a Pornography Commission Report Project, bachelor of arts degree in 1984. She was an effort designed to highlight the release born in Decatur, GA, and currently resides of the Attorney General’s Commission rein Alexandria, VA.

Remarks to the Small Business Legislative Council February 5, 1992

Thank you all very much. And Phil, thank start, and we recognize that we’ve got many you for the welcome, the kind introduction. other things to be working on, as I’ve been Bob Banister, congratulations on being trying to do. named chairman-elect of the SBLC. John And now that we can look past the bur- Satagaj, thanks for your hard work in put- dens of the cold war, we can do what we ting this wonderfully successful meeting to- do best: create, innovate, build, produce, gether. And greetings, also, to Ted Olsen and lead. This afternoon, I’m going to be and John Kemp, who has done wonderful signing the Economic Report to the Presi- work in helping small business implement dent. And it will not only describe and ex- the ADA, the Americans with Disabilities plain the causes of our current economic Act. It was great a minute ago—I don’t see difficulties, it will also explain why virtually him this second—to see my friend, Josh all economic analysts expect this economy Smith, the Chairman, sitting over here, of to improve. More importantly, it will explain the President’s Council on Minority Busi- why if Congress enacts my progrowth poli- ness, a successful businessman himself. cies, the improvement in the economy will Today, what I wanted to do is to follow be quicker, stronger, and much more cer- up on some of the things that I discussed tain. in the State of the Union Address. I really do enjoy going up to the Hill to deliver In the State of the Union, I presented the State of the Union. It’s the only time a comprehensive action plan for our econ- all year that you can get so many politicians omy. Today I want to discuss what that so polite and understanding for so long. means for you. Think of this as my ‘‘small [Laughter] It’s a wonderful feeling. business State of the Union.’’ My plan starts As you know, we’ve had a hectic week, with what I can do as President without from the State of the Union Address to re- any congressional action required. We’ve leasing the budget to meeting with Boris taken a whole series of actions—I won’t Yeltsin. During this Presidency, I think it’s mention them all—but a series of actions fair to point out that the cold war has drawn to stimulate investment and get the econ- to an end. We led the coalition that shoved omy moving. These, as I say, don’t need Saddam Hussein out of Kuwait. Peace talks congressional approval. between ancient enemies have begun in the A couple of initiatives have earned kudos Middle East. The Soviet Union has col- from this crowd. First, I have ordered major lapsed, and we’ve begun working with its Departments and Agencies to put a 90-day successor States. The whole world has hold on implementing new regulations. changed. And still, some people say, ‘‘Hey, Regulations ought to foster economic is that all? What have you done for us late- growth, not crush it. And we’re going to ly?’’ [Laughter] I’d say, no, but it’s a good make sure that the days of overregulation

201 Feb. 5 / Administration of George Bush, 1992 are over once and for all. So, we’re going don’t tell me—here’s a practical example— to take a fresh look at the rules and regula- don’t tell me, or don’t listen to the voices tions Washington hurls your way. We’ll get that say this plan is a gimmick. And don’t rid of those that do nothing more than de- try to tell that to L.W., either, because he’s stroy jobs and weigh down businesses. And right out there trying to move forward with in this, we will pick some that will speed investment. up and foster growth and support jobs. I also want to fire up the engine that We’re going to emphasize those regulations. traditionally pulls us out of tough times, and But that’s not all. We also declared war that’s the real estate industry. My plan helps on nuisance lawsuits. Yesterday I announced builders. Ask Jay Buchert, a Cincinnati the ‘‘Access to Justice Act of 1992.’’ That homebuilder, also here with us today. He’s bill will give Americans less expensive and thrown his support behind this plan. The easier alternatives to trial. Let them solve National Association of Home Builders pre- problems out of court. And we’ve got to dicts that my bill will create at least 415,000 stop America’s long liaison with the lawsuit. construction industry jobs and set off $20 If we were as good at rewarding success billion in economic activity associated with as we are at suing each other, this country homebuilding. Now, that’s no gimmick. would be a lot better off. And that goes That is no gimmick. That means jobs, good, for health care, too. With those outrageous, solid American jobs. sky-high malpractice awards, we’ve got to And I also want to reward everyone who get those under control, and we are going to try hard. believes in the American dream, trying to And now the American people know bet- make it work. I want Congress to cut the ter than to think that anyone, including a long-term tax on capital gains. And I want President, can wave a magic wand and reit cut to a maximum rate of 15.4 percent. vive something as complicated as our econ- The world’s fastest growing economies and omy. Congress needs to do its job. And that our major competitors, including Germany means—and we were talking with your lead- and Japan, have one thing in common: They ers about this earlier—that they should pass tax capital gains at much lower rates than the short-term compact economic growth we do. And in many cases, capital gains isn’t package that I put before the Congress, and taxed at all. pass it by March 20th. It’s ironic. Many politicians who oppose You know, we’re all realistic that we’re the capital gains tax cut also complain that going into a political year. And I’m fairly we’re not competitive. Well, they can’t have realistic that we’re going into a political it both ways. And if they really want us year—[laughter]—but I would simply point to be competitive, then they’ll slash the cap- out that we have time now. There’s a period ital gains rate and do it now in this com- of time that we can lower that political con- prehensive short-term package. The capital troversy and get something done, a rifleshot gains rate cut will help families who own approach to stimulate this economy. And homes, help people who own farms, help that’s where I’m going to need your help. business owners, and will help everyone So here we go. who invests in our future by purchasing The plan starts with the basics. It stimu- stock. lates investment by improving the alter- Now, you’ve heard some people claim that native minimum tax and creating a new 15- a capital gains cut serves only the rich. Well, percent investment tax allowance. L.W. maybe those people should get out of Wash- Locke of North Carolina, and I’m told he’s ington and talk to people around our country. in the audience today, understands. He ap- Retirees say they can’t sell their homes be- preciates these changes. He’s delayed build- cause capital gains rates punish them too ing a convenience store/gasoline station be- much. Business owners say they can’t expand cause he just can’t do it under our present their businesses; capital gains rates punish system. The investment tax allowance would their success. A man from Florida, a retiree let him buy fixtures and gas pumps and fuel who built his own business, invested, storage tanks, a $1 million commitment. So saved, put it perfectly: He worked

202 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / Feb. 5 hard for years, and now he can’t afford to We’ve got a chance now to get something cash in on his success. He said, ‘‘We are done. So while you’re in Washington, visit being penalized for having foresight.’’ Well, those congressional delegations. Let them I’m tired of people getting slammed be- know that you want this package passed. cause they risked their money and effort You are at the center of this plan, and you and succeeded. And it’s about time the create, small business, you create the vast Congress realizes we should reward these majority of jobs in this country. And I am people, not turn them into targets of envy. determined to support you to create more And that, of course, creates jobs. More peo- jobs. I believe it is in your power to help ple that take risks and start businesses; that lift this country and help get it moving means jobs. again. I really am confident that you will So, let’s get to the heart of this thing. do just that. Since Members of Congress The people in this room, small business- will be home on break next week, drop by men, investors from the National Venture their offices, let them know how you feel. Capital Association, you understand the grit- Send this message: No more delays, no ex- ty fundamentals of business. And you are cuses, no substitutes. And don’t delay. Deci- the real experts. Well, America really needs sion day is 6 weeks from Friday. your help now. So, don’t accept no for an I didn’t mention all the ingredients, but answer anymore. I’ll take the heat on that’s the rifleshot, short-term, incentive- whether it’s a tax cut for the rich or not, building, job-creating part of this package. but you make the case as to what it can Now, for the longer term, I’ve also proposed do to stimulate jobs and new businesses in an ambitious long-term agenda to ensure this country and demand that the Congress that our economy will continue leading the cut the capital gains rate now. And I might remind you when you do world for decades to come. this work, remember that there were ma- And let me discuss a critical issue in that jorities in both Houses of Congress for what plan, health care. I know health care has I’m proposing right now not so many become a problem for many of you and months ago. The field is there for fertile your employees. And tomorrow I’m going reaping. And I tell you, I really hope that to be announcing in detail my comprehen- you can get up and help us do this job. sive health care plan. And I know you’ll like I’d also like to ask you that you demand it. I believe you’ll like it a lot. People today action on my short-term plan without delay. worry about health care, yes. It costs too You know, when I hear someone complain much, great concern. It’s tough to find good that this short-term plan won’t do much, comprehensive coverage. And you can’t I wonder myself: Hadn’t any of these guys make choices like you used to. And you ever run a business? Do they appreciate the can’t count on coverage if you move and difficulties of getting a loan, finding an in- change jobs or fall victim to a debilitating vestor, purchasing what you need, filling out condition or disease. all that Government paperwork? It’s about I believe our plan solves these problems. time somebody understands that you need And my plan ensures that people can find just a few minutes to concentrate on the health care, choose health care, afford customer. That’s what some of this is going health care, and keep health care. I know to do. that everyone with a plan promises the same You may have detected this, but I’m tired thing, and that’s why you have to use your of the term ‘‘fairness’’ being corrupted by common sense in evaluating the various political demagogs. You want fairness? proposals. And when you get right down Here’s something fair: My plan will work to it, there are two fundamental health care for all Americans, and it will create jobs. choices. We can adopt a system that’s been How’s that for fairness? a proven failure all over the world, national- Congress has the legislation. It has a ized health care. Or we can reform our March deadline, March 20th deadline. And present system, which has its faults, cer- I ask you to circle the date on the calendar. tainly, but which also provides the highest Much beyond that, politics takes over. quality care on Earth. People come

203 Feb. 5 / Administration of George Bush, 1992 from all over the world to participate in The bottom line is we’ve got a lot of work our health care. And if you want the free- to do. And we can’t let anyone stall us this dom to choose your own doctor, to hold time. Americans can’t wait to get this econ- the line on costs, and to improve access omy moving. We want to throw off cynicism to health insurance coverage, push for my and fear. We want to shake away the gloom plan. Look it over carefully. We’re going and the doubt. And I am, frankly, very tired to need your support. It gives everyone, and of the professional pessimists who don’t I emphasize everyone, access to the world’s have any fresh ideas for the future and who best health care, and it doesn’t exclude any- literally feast on bad times and hard feelings body. So, take a look at this and support and who talk as if our best days have passed us if you can. by. They just don’t understand. And finally, I’d like your help on one Wouldn’t you hate to go through life other item. The Federal Government is too thinking, ‘‘The only way I can get a step big, and it spends too much. And it’s just up the ladder is if somebody else is hurt- that simple. Now, my budget holds the line ing’’? They just ought to get out of the way, on new spending. It does not violate the these gloom-sayers and these pessimists. We only protection the taxpayer has, that’s the can start a new economic revolution in spending caps that are now in the law. America, one that builds on our innate opti- These caps are the only protection the tax- mism, our ambition, our determination, our payer has against more spending by Con- willing to take risks, and our pride. And gress. And it pulls the trapdoor on a host we’re going to do just that. And that revolu- of federally funded programs, all with noble tion will start a lot sooner if 535 people titles—246 programs to be exact—that we in Washington meet by March 20th dead- simply do not need. And you shouldn’t have line that I’ve proposed up there. to pay for them. And it’s that simple. Each So let them know in no uncertain terms: one has a protector, but I think the time Business as usual won’t get this job done; has come, and the times demand that we election year politics as usual won’t do. Tell take action on these. them we need action by March 20th. And And also, get Congress to give me an im- with your help, I believe we can get it. portant weapon to control spending. This Thank you all very, very much. And may one may be a little difficult, but get them God bless the United States. to give me that line-item veto and give me a shot at it. Forty-three Governors have it; Note: The President spoke at 10:38 a.m. at give the President a shot. the J.W. Marriott Hotel. In his remarks, he We must stop imposing mandates on oth- referred to SBLC officers Phil Chisholm, ers without paying for those mandates. Too chairman, John Satagaj, president, and Ted often mandates, these mandated benefits Olsen, treasurer; John Kemp, executive vice dictated out of some subcommittee, mean president of the United Cerebral Palsy Asso- mandated deficits. And that just isn’t right. ciation; L.W. Locke of Eastern Petroleum It’s not fair to the States. It’s not fair to Corp., in Enfield, NC; and Robert Buchert the localities and the communities. And it’s of American Heritage Construction and De- got to stop. velopment Corp., Cincinnati, OH.

Letter to Congressional Leaders on Beneficiary Trade Status for Estonia, Latvia, and Lithuania February 5, 1992

Dear Mr. Speaker: (Dear Mr. President:) list of beneficiary developing countries under I am writing to inform you of my intent the Generalized System of Preferences to add Estonia, Latvia, and Lithuania to the (GSP). The GSP program offers duty-

204 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / Feb. 6 free access to the U.S. market and is author- mined that it is appropriate to extend GSP ized by the Trade Act of 1974. benefits to Estonia, Latvia, and Lithuania. In extending nondiscriminatory, most-fa- This notice is submitted in accordance vored-nation treatment to Estonia, Latvia, with section 502(a)(1) of the Trade Act of and Lithuania, the Congress provided that 1974. I should take prompt action to grant GSP Sincerely, benefits to the Baltic States, provided they GEORGE BUSH each satisfied the eligibility requirements. I have carefully considered the criteria identi- Note: Identical letters were sent to Thomas fied in sections 501 and 502 of the Trade S. Foley, Speaker of the House of Represent- Act of 1974. In light of these criteria, and atives, and Dan Quayle, President of the particularly the Baltic nations’ ongoing polit- Senate. The related proclamation is listed ical and economic reforms, I have deter- in Appendix E at the end of this volume.

Remarks to the Greater Cleveland Growth Association in Cleveland, Ohio February 6, 1992

Thank you very much for that welcome retary of state. Three distinguished Mem- back to Cleveland. And first let me thank bers of the United States Congress came Dick Pogue, the chairman of the Greater with us, Ralph Regula, Mike Oxley, and Cleveland Growth Association, and all who Dave Hobson. And I’m sure I’ll forget help make this wonderful forum possible. somebody, but nevertheless I see our State I’m pleased to be back here in Cleveland, senate president, Stan Aronoff, sitting over the capital city of the north coast. Hello here. So that takes care of it. We’ve got to Bob Horton, who I understand not only good representation from Ohio’s govern- warmed up the crowd but made it very dif- ment; we’ve got representation from the ficult for me to come on as the next speak- wonderful congressional delegation; and we er. I salute what he and so many other busi- have outstanding representation here from ness leaders in this community have done the medical community and, of course, from and are doing. the business community at large. You always get this feeling of cooperation Good things are happening here for the between the business community and the Cleveland Cavs. [Laughter] In fact, I told government of Cleveland, the city govern- the Governor I was going to be speaking ment. I had that when I first came here and Mayor Ralph Perk was in office, and today about the number one health issue particularly did I get that feeling when on every Clevelander’s mind. He said, ‘‘Mr. George Voinovich came in as your mayor President, Mark Price’s left knee is just and energized this place to a fare-thee-well. fine.’’ [Laughter] And business pitched right in. And you have People who know northern Ohio know this wonderful community spirit that this or- that this region’s on the move. In addition ganization really epitomizes, Dick. And I am to the world-renowned Cleveland Clinic, grateful to be here. And so let me get on now the city’s number one employer, north- with just saying I’m very pleased to have ern Ohio is also home to some of the most been introduced by George Voinovich, the innovative approaches to health care. COSE great Governor of this State now. And may and Cleveland Health Quality Choice are I salute Mike DeWine, who is over here, pioneers. Communities across the country the Lieutenant Governor. can follow your lead to create workable We’ve got some other friends with us, too. solutions to health care challenges. I know that Bob Taft is out here, the sec- And I had a briefing in Washington

205 Feb. 6 / Administration of George Bush, 1992 from the leaders of these organizations, and We stand at a crossroads. We can move that really is why I’ve chosen to come to forward dramatically to reform our market- Cleveland this morning to address the based system, or we can force ourselves to health care crisis in our country and lay out swallow a cure worse than the disease. my four-point program for comprehensive Some people have scribbled out a prescrip- health care reform. tion for disaster. They want to nationalize Reform is urgent for more reasons than our health system, put the Government in one. Right now, far too many Americans control of the system: Well, you let Govern- are uninsured, and those who are insured ment control the prices, let Government ra- pay too much for health care. And we’re tion the kind of health care people get, let going to do something about that. Government tell people looking for care The one thing this crisis isn’t about, and how much they’ll get, what kind, and when. I was reminded of this in my visit to the Nationalized systems cover everyone. But hospital just now, the one thing it is not keep in mind the drawbacks that come with about is the quality of care. American health a nationalized system: Long waiting lists for care is first-rate. It is the best in the entire surgery, shortages of high-tech equipment world. And right now, the vast majority of responsible for so many of the miracles of Americans have access to that health care modern medicine. Let me cite just one ex- system. But the cost has skyrocketed from ample for you. The Cleveland Clinic per- $74 billion in 1970 to $800 billion today. forms 10 coronary bypass surgeries a day, And if we keep going at the same rate, that I’m told, high-tech, high quality surgery $800 billion will double to $1.6 trillion by without any wait. But if you live in British the year 2000. Columbia, the wait for coronary bypass sur- These numbers alone would make the case for reform. They tell us there’s a con- gery is 6 months. It’s no wonder so many nection we simply can’t ignore between people from abroad come to American hos- what we pay for health care and the long- pitals for surgery. term health of our economy. But cold statis- When you nationalize health care, you tics don’t show us the worry that people push costs higher, far higher. Some studies feel, the all-too-familiar fear about what estimate that nationalized health care would happens to their health care if they change cost the average American family a huge jobs or, worse still, if they lose their jobs. new tax burden; for the Nation, a staggering And in these hard times, we simply cannot $250 billion to $500 billion a year in new accept the fact that one in every seven taxes. Such a massive tax increase is simply Americans is uninsured. unacceptable, and the American people There’s a better way. And my plan puts should not be asked to accept it. And for the emphasis on expanding access while that price, you get the worst of both worlds: preserving the choice people now have over No one has an incentive to control costs, the type of health care coverage and health and everyone pays. care they receive. My plan will give Ameri- But there are other proposals out there cans a greater sense of security, help ease that sound simple but are every bit as harm- the fears that so many Americans have that ful. One’s called ‘‘play or pay.’’ Each em- changing jobs will cost them their health ployer must play, provide insurance for em- coverage. And the key here is portability, ployees, or pay a payroll tax to finance Gov- changing the system to ensure people that ernment health coverage. Business men and they will always have access to health insur- women tell me horror stories about health ance no matter where they work. And fi- care costs spiraling out of control. Well, nally, my plan will cut costs. It helps us ‘‘play or pay’’ will leave a lot of small busi- make health insurance more affordable, and nesses, businesses struggling on the edge of more affordable means more accessible. My survival right now, with a tough choice. plan will preserve what works and reform They can cut workers’ wages to pay what doesn’t. Above all, it will ensure every for mandated health care; they can fire American universal access to affordable some workers to cover the workers they health insurance. keep; or they can raise prices and pass

206 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / Feb. 6 along the cost to the consumer. Some stud- still be able to count on the coverage they ies put the cost in jobs lost under ‘‘play need. Now, my comprehensive four-point or pay’’ as high as half a million or more. plan meets every one of these commonsense Lower wages, lost jobs, higher costs: Any tests. And here’s how it works. way you look at it, that’s the wrong choice Point one, we will make health care more for America. accessible by making health insurance more Step away from the rhetoric, strip it out affordable. For low-income individuals and of there, and ‘‘play or pay’’ just creates a families, I propose a health insurance credit, back-door route to nationalized health care. up to $3,750 a year to guarantee people, And it encourages employers to stop offer- even people too poor to file taxes, the ability ing benefits, throw the problem in the Gov- to purchase private health insurance. That ernment’s lap, and dump millions of fully will give these families a certificate or insured workers into a public plan like Med- voucher, to be used strictly for health care, icaid. And because the new employer taxes worth more than $300 a month. They can in ‘‘play or pay’’ don’t pay for the program, use it to buy into the plan their employers the American taxpayer will obviously foot offer but they could never afford, or they the bill. And I am not about to let that can shop for whatever private plan suits happen. You won’t hear this from the peo- them best. That’s the American commit- ple pushing ‘‘play or pay.’’ Ask them about ment to choice at its best. the side effects of their proposal, and they’ll For middle-income individuals and fami- say, ‘‘Take two aspirin, and call me after the election.’’ lies, I propose a health insurance tax deduc- I don’t believe people want to be shov- tion of $3,750. American families with in- eled into some new health care bureauc- comes under $80,000 will receive new help racy. They want good health. A large part from either the credit or the tax deduction. of the answer is prevention. And every one Let me tell you what that means: new help of us can make changes in our behavior to to purchase health insurance for 95 million reduce the risk of disease and illness. And Americans. And once again, this insurance pardon me for being just a little bit old- will be portable. People who change jobs fashioned, but what we’re talking about is would have insurance regardless of their behavior: drugs, alcohol abuse, risky sexual health, and this is important, or regardless behavior. You know what I’m talking about. of their family’s health. But best of all, my And there’s nothing wrong discussing that, plan will bring health care coverage to al- trying to do better in this field. Tomorrow, most 30 million uninsured Americans, secu- in San Diego, I’ll focus in more detail on rity to people who for far too long have the ways prevention can help people live had to do without. That’s the first point in healthier lives and help keep our economy this four-point plan, access. healthy, too. Point two, we will cut the runaway costs But today I want to focus on the health of health care by making the system more care system, on this comprehensive, market- efficient. Today, I’m asking you to learn a based reform plan I have. The fact is, we new acronym, HIN, health insurance net- do not have to create a new Government works. Insurance costs obey the law of large bureaucracy to give Americans access to af- numbers. The larger the group being in- fordable, quality health care. We need a sys- sured, the lower the cost per individual. tem that delivers, a system that works for Pooling lowers insurance costs and signifi- America, a system that puts quality care cantly cuts administrative costs. HIN’s will within reach of every American family. provide incentives for small companies to Our system should be built on choice, not do what Cleveland’s COSE group has done central control. It should keep costs down when it brought 10,000 small businesses to- and open up access. But above all, it should gether to make a joint purchase of health allow all Americans to rest secure when it care. The Nation should listen and follow. comes to health care, to ease their worry Another way to drive costs down: Make that if they change jobs, if they or their everyone a better health care consumer. kids develop serious health problems, they’ll Right now, most people pay more attention

207 Feb. 6 / Administration of George Bush, 1992 to the price of toothpaste then the compara- pened in these costs. This year alone, this tive costs of health care. People don’t waste year alone, let me repeat that, Medicaid much time thinking about the costs of their costs will increase by 38 percent. We will care, but in the end we all pay the price. not, repeat, not cut benefits. We can make We need to follow the lead of initiatives real savings simply by reducing this huge like Cleveland Health Quality Choice, pro- rate of increase. We must bring runaway grams that give people shopping for health costs under control. Smart, sensible effi- care a kind of blue book for medical costs. ciencies will help our reform plan pay for Innovations like these will help all of us itself. keep the costs of quality health care as low The Federal Government should also give as possible. States flexibility to design these new univer- Point three, we will wring out waste and sal access programs for the poor, programs excess in the present system. We’ve targeted that will provide quality services to all their medical malpractice for reform. It is time citizens. I’ve just met with Governor to put an end to these astronomical, sky’s- Voinovich and the rest of the Governors. the-limit lawsuits. You shouldn’t have to pay Regardless of party, Democrat or Repub- a lawyer when you go to the doctor. And lican, it doesn’t matter, they want flexibility. our doctors, the most able and dedicated And we must give it to them. Right here in the world, shouldn’t be living in fear of in Ohio, your Governor has proposed health these outrageous lawsuits. And high mal- care reforms that will do for this State what practice premiums mean higher doctors’ we want to do on the Federal level. States bills, higher hospital costs, costs passed should be able to use new Federal resources along not only to the patient but to every to design programs that work, not some American taxpayer. one-size-fits-all solution imposed by Wash- Now, I have challenged the health insur- ington, DC. ance industry to cut redtape, to share com- Providing affordable care, efficient care, mon forms, to simplify and speed up claims wringing out excess and waste, and control- processing. And here’s a challenge for the ling Federal growth. These four points will next 4 years: There is no reason almost all create the kind of market-based reform plan health insurance claims can’t be processed that will give Americans the kind of health electronically. That single step would elimi- care they want and deserve and put an end nate a mountain of health care paperwork to the worry that keeps them awake at and pare back costs. night. We’ve got to attack the excesses of man- Remember what people want. People dated benefits. When States now order want quality care, care they can afford, and health insurers to cover 1,000 different care they can count on, care they can rely types of treatment, something’s gone wrong. on. I keep coming back to what works for Next thing they’ll be covering manicures for this country. Think about the challenges Millie. [Laughter] It’s gone too far. And I that we face as a Nation. Anyone who is think everybody knows it. And we should concerned about competitiveness has to see challenge the States to do something about controlling health care costs as key to a the excessive mandates that shoot these healthy economy. We’ve got to make certain costs right up through the roof. our reform corrects our weaknesses without Fourth and finally, we will get the growth destroying our strengths. When we talk in Government health programs under con- about health care, we’re talking about mat- trol. Right now, Government health care ters of the most personal nature, in some programs can claim a dubious distinction: cases literally life and death and decisions They are the fastest growing parts in the that go with it. We don’t need to put Gov- Federal budget. For those of you interested ernment between patients and their doctors. in history, go back and listen to what was We don’t need to create another wasteful said about these programs at their incep- Federal bureaucracy. As President I simply tion. Go back and hear the rhetoric on the will not let that happen. floor of the United States Congress. And We need commonsense, comprehensive now compare that to what actually has hap- health care reform, and we need it now.

208 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / Feb. 6

And my plan I really believe is the right and the United States of America. Thank plan, a plan that meets our obligation to you very, very much. all Americans by putting hope and health within their reach. Cleveland has led the way. Your hospitals, Note: The President spoke at 12:36 p.m. at COSE, citizens in this community are way the Stouffer Tower City Plaza Hotel. In his out front for these principles. And it’s most remarks, he referred to Robert B. Horton, appropriate that I give this speech to the chairman of British Petroleum, and Mark Nation on health care reform right here in Price, a member of the Cleveland Cavaliers this city that is leading the way. basketball team. He also referred to the as- Once again, my thanks for this warm sociation’s Council of Small Enterprises Cleveland welcome. May God bless you all (COSE).

Remarks to the Staff of the University Medical Center of Southern Nevada in Las Vegas, Nevada February 6, 1992

Thank you all very much. And again, I a little bit. I know you’re used to extended apologize if we’ve kept this distinguished debates about health care. You probably get group, busy people, waiting. But we’re de- a lot of requests for free advice on this sub- lighted to be here. It’s kind of a hit-and- ject and many others. But I think everyone run day. It started in Cleveland where I understands, all of you do, something that announced the fundamentals of a new na- politicians sometimes forget, and that is that tional approach for health care which I in- America’s medical system offers the best tend to work very hard for. But I want to care in the world. thank Dr. Brandness and single out the It’s not simply that we start with the sci- Governor of the State, who has been most entific and research end, with far more hospitable to me since we’ve been here. Nobel Prize winners in medicine than any Also Barbara Vucanovich, who is a Con- other country, but it’s just generally the gressman here, a great friend of mine of quality of care. And when people from long standing, and simply say that I’m very other countries seek the best possible care, pleased to be here to thank all of you for you just have to look, where do they go? this afternoon’s tour. Well, they come to the United States of You can’t help but when you walk America. through these halls and see the incredible And with all the problems and all the work and dedication of the people, as we breathless press reports about health care, saw both at the neonatal care and the burn I think of the guy who got in a car accident. care center, you can’t help but count your And when he got to the hospital, the doctor blessings for those who are devoting their set his broken bones, examined him care- lives to helping others. When you see some- fully, and assured him that he could go body treating babies like that, tiny preemies, home the next day. The next day came, and or those ravaged by burns, it just, at least the doctor rushed to the patient’s room with in my heart, evokes tremendous gratitude a look of great anxiety and concern. ‘‘Is and admiration for what you do. So, I hope something wrong?’’ the patient said. The you know that people outside the medical doctor replied, ‘‘I’m not sure. Just to be profession are extraordinarily grateful to safe, I’d like you to stay another day. You those who give of themselves as you all do. see, I didn’t know how badly you were in- I did release this comprehensive health jured until I read about your accident in care program earlier today. And let me just, the newspaper.’’ [Laughter] without giving you the full load, summarize Well, there’s a parallel here. Reports of

209 Feb. 6 / Administration of George Bush, 1992 the demise of American medicine in my America’s love for the lawsuit has just got view are greatly exaggerated. I will repeat, to stop. And we’ve got legislation up there American medicine is the best in the entire trying to do something about it. And it real- world. My comprehensive health care plan ly is important in cost control, as everyone builds on the strengths, on these strengths here knows. It’s very, very fundamentally of our medical care system. I will not en- important in how we pay for the whole pro- dorse nor go with a nationalized—they used gram. to say socialized medicine—a nationalized Fourth, we’re going to get the growth of plan that will guarantee only long lines, in- Federal health programs under control. This different service, and very high taxes. isn’t easy politically, but we’ve got to do And I’ve worked hard to come up with it. Medicaid went up 38 percent this year a plan that will work. And that’s the plan alone. And we’ll encourage major innovation that we are proposing. It addresses Ameri- at the State and local levels, and we’ll do cans’ basic concerns about health care: that this without cutting benefits. And I believe too many people don’t have access to care, it can be done without raising taxes. I think we could all agree on that; that it America has been blessed by the world’s costs too much; and that you can’t be sure best doctors, the best hospitals. I heard of keeping coverage if you change your job today how this hospital had been able to or if you or someone in your family has battle down the costs, eliminating some of an illness or an injury. This plan ensures the deficit that has been around. We’ve got that every worker, regardless of health sta- the finest training institutions in this coun- tus, can get health care coverage, can try; really, we have the finest. And this plan choose providers, can afford care, and can will not undermine this base of quality and keep it. excellence. You don’t need your hands Let me just outline the plan in brief for bound by redtape either, and you don’t you. It’s got four points. One, we make need these stethoscopes replaced by Fed- health care affordable by offering a health eral millstones. insurance tax credit, a voucher, to low-in- Having been around hospitals and blessed come individuals and families, and then a by seeing loving care for our kids, I am health insurance tax deduction to middle- absolutely convinced that the medical pro- income individuals and families. Poor peo- fession is dedicated to the concept of serv- ple who pay no taxes at all are covered, ice. This debate must not diminish that, and they’ll get insurance for free. These must not take that away from the medical measures will help 95 million Americans community at all. And I think you need our purchase the health insurance that they support. Everyone has got to play a part. need. I’m prepared to play mine in building a Two, we improve the efficiency of our healthier Nation. system by reforming the insurance system Every hospital depends also, as we all and developing what we call health insur- know, not just on professionals but also on ance networks. You probably refer to it as volunteers. And you know this better than pooling. These networks will improve effi- anyone, all of you do. Hundreds of thou- ciency, and they literally will help drive in- sands of people across this country, in lit- surance costs down. We make consumers erally hundreds of thousands of groups and of health care better able to compare costs, organizations give their time to make medi- keep competition in the health care system. cal care accessible to others. And every Three, we’re going to work hard to wring community relies not just on professionals, out the waste and excess. And we start by not just on physicians but also on teachers, putting a lid on these outrageous medical on counselors, on nurses, people giving of malpractice lawsuits. Over the past decade themselves to help others along the path malpractice insurance, the premiums, have to good health. Our Secretary of HHS, Dr. risen by an average of more than 15 percent Lou Sullivan, has talked eloquently about per year. This national epidemic of lawsuits the rule of character in health. He’s mount- has persuaded some doctors to avoid such ed an effective campaign to encourage pre- vital specialties as surgery or obstetrics. ventive care. He teaches people about good

210 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / Feb. 7 habits, decent behavior, promotes the cause we’ve got it, and I think we can do it with- of immunization. out diminishing and losing the wonder of Celebrities, including my friend Arnold individual initiative and excellence. That’s Schwarzenegger, promote active, healthy the hallmark, that’s the underpinning of this lifestyles. I might say a word about him. plan. And needless to say, I don’t want to He’s head of our Commission on Fitness, see this many influential people assembled and he’s taken it very seriously. He’s gone without putting in a pitch for it. So, please to 28 States, all pro bono, and taken a mes- help us if you can, if you agree with us. sage out there that the young people of this And thank you for what’s been a wonder- country are responding to. So, lifestyle is ful few minutes for me in a busy day, start- important. And I don’t know about you, but ed in Cleveland where we went to a hospital when Arnold says exercise, I exercise. in Cleveland and then talked about a little [Laughter] The point I’m trying to make more detail about this plan, then here today, is that everyone has a role. And this plan and to San Diego tomorrow, going in there really encourages people to work together. this evening. But it’s been a joyous day for And so, I just again want to thank the me. And thank you for what you do in help- doctors across this country, using all of you ing other people across this country. Thank as the audience here today, but others not you so much. just here but around the country, for the careers that you’ve embarked on and are Note: The President spoke at 5:25 p.m. at ennobling, on the challenge that you’ve cho- University Medical Center. In his remarks, sen. And I am determined to push for a he referred to Dr. David Brandness, chief health care plan that will work. I think executive officer of the center.

Remarks to the San Diego Rotary Club in San Diego, California February 7, 1992

Thank you all very, very much for that Cunningham, over here; Duncan Hunter I welcome. And Governor Wilson, Pete, believe is with us, too; Bill Lowery and Ron thank you for that introduction, for being Packard, somewhere modestly in the crowd. at my side in so many battles that I think We’ve got a wonderful representation from affect this country. May I also salute Sec- this broad area in Washington, DC. retary Lou Sullivan, our distinguished Sec- And may I thank Craig Evanco, the presi- retary of HHS who is sitting here, who dent of this Rotary Club, for assembling came with me today; the Surgeon General, such a distinguished group at an awkward Surgeon General Novello is here sometime, I’m sure, for some. But in any event, where out in the audience, sitting right over I’m just delighted to be here. And let me here; and next to her, Bill Roper, who is salute all, ladies and gentlemen. the head of the CDC, the Center for Dis- It’s a pleasure to be in San Diego. I’ve ease Control, in Atlanta; and Dr. James always loved it, been here many, many Mason, who is our Assistant Secretary of times. This is where I set sail for overseas HHS for Public Health. way back in 1944, and this is where I re- So, you are surrounded, literally sur- turned to from overseas. And ever since rounded by health experts, our very best. then I’ve been coming here a great deal. And they are awful good, and I’m proud It’s a truly American jewel. And thank you to be working at their side as we come to for the privilege of visiting this beautiful city grips with some of these problems facing on the Pacific once again. our Nation in health care. May I also salute the Members of Con- gress who are here: Representative Duke

211 Feb. 7 / Administration of George Bush, 1992

I know that the eyes of the sailing enthu- health of our Nation cannot afford it. We’ve siasts are again on San Diego this year with got to do something about it. And now is the America’s Cup competition. And if you the time to start. run low on wind—[laughter]—no, we’ve got Imagine: Let’s say you’re making do, just a surplus back in Washington, and we’d be getting by in your current job that offers glad to help out. [Laughter] But good luck health care for your disabled child. Let’s on all of that. say you get offered a better job with a high- Earlier today—and I apologize for keeper salary. You want to take it. You need ing you all waiting by some 15 minutes, I’m to take it. But you can’t take the chance afraid—but I visited a catalyst of caring, that it won’t cover your child. That is not something that I’m sure everyone in this the American way. I know we can do better, Rotary Club that believes in service is proud and my plan does. We’ve got to roll up our of, the Logan Heights Family Health Cen- sleeves and meet this challenge head on. ter, founded by one Laura Rodriguez, what Affordability, access, portability: These we call a Point of Light, one of San Diego’s are the issues we’ve got to address. So yes- true Points of Light. And I saw the families terday in Cleveland, I announced a pioneer- and the children and watched one little guy ing plan to do just that, to stabilize costs, get immunized there. Later, I had a chance ensure access, and free workers from the to talk with the parents and community fear of losing coverage. My plan will pre- leaders about how greater immunization can serve what works and reform what doesn’t increase illness prevention. work. It consists of four points, and I ask This morning, like immunization, I will you to support this plan and help me make try to be brief, and also like immunization, the best system in the world even better. I will try to keep the pain to a minimum. I was so moved by that warm response to First, our plan will make health insurance just being here that I’m sorely tempted to more accessible by making it more afford- give a flamboyant political speech here able for millions of low- to middle-income today. [Laughter.] But I’m going to resist families. For low-income families, I want a that because I think we’ve got a lot to get health insurance credit of up to $3,750 a done for the country in health care, and year to help them buy insurance; for mid- I want to talk to you about that subject dle-income, a tax deduction up to the same and discuss how prevention can achieve a amount. priceless gift, good health in America. So Second, we will cut health care costs by let me begin, then, with an equation: Good making it more efficient. Studies show that health equals a change in the health care the larger the group being insured, the system plus a change in the way we act. lower the cost per individual. So, we will This country has the best health care sys- create what we call health insurance net- tem in the world, the best. The quality of works that help companies band together health care in America is unrivaled. You and cut administrative costs. couldn’t tell it from some of the political And the third point will also lower costs. criticism, but it is unrivaled. So, that’s not We must reform medical malpractice litiga- the problem. Rather, the problem is, first, tion. Today we have too many malpractice that too many Americans are excluded, leav- suits driving up costs for a doctor, a nurse, ing one-seventh of our people without or a hospital stay. And I might say par- health insurance coverage. And second, mil- enthetically, this malpractice suit is just a lions of Americans fear losing access to cov- symptom of what’s happening all across the erage when they change jobs or develop ill- business spectrum in this country and in ness. This is absolutely unacceptable for the the eleemosynary area, like in a Little United States of America, and it’s got to League. We’ve got too darn many lawsuits stop. Finally, health care costs too much. out there, very candidly. A recent study And this year, listen to this number now, found that, listen to this one, that in 1989 this year Americans will pay more than $800 the cost of defensive medicine, just for phy- billion for health care, one-tenth of all we sicians’ expenditures, to be over $20 billion, spend. The health of our economy and the or nearly 18 percent of their total costs.

212 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / Feb. 7

I don’t want to get into trouble with the nationalized disaster. And it’s true, social- Bar Association—[laughter]—but I once ized medicine plans have increased exports quoted to someone that line, ‘‘An apple a to our country. But what are the exports? day keeps the doctor away.’’ He says, ‘‘What I’ll tell you: Patients coming here for works for lawyers?’’ [Laughter] But this is prompt surgery and the finest care in the a very serious point, and here’s what will world, doctors coming here for better work- work for America: Let’s spend as much time ing conditions. building a better health system as we do As long as I am President, we are not— wrestling with our legal system. We’d do again, I want to repeat it—we are not going better caring for each other if we stop solv- to go down the road of nationalized health ing problems by suing each other. care. And nor will we jump from the frying And that brings me to point four. We will pan into the fire. I oppose the other Gov- cut the outrageous growth of Federal health ernment-takeover plan. They call it ‘‘pay or programs. Listen carefully to what I’ve said: play,’’ where employers are forced either to We will cut the growth of health programs accept a health insurance plan or pay a pay- like Medicare so that we can protect the roll tax and join the Government plan. benefits. Our reform program will cut costs, The ‘‘play or pay’’ choice costs jobs and ensure choice, and give everyone, rich or money. And it reminds me of the guy with poor, sick or healthy, access to health care. the gun in your back, who says, ‘‘Your And yet there are those who, like an old money or your life.’’ Jack Benny used to dog, refuse to learn new tricks. Instead of a better health care system, they demand respond by saying, ‘‘I’m thinking. I’m think- a nationalized health system. Very candidly, ing.’’ [Laughter] Well, we’d better think you want to call it what it is, that means long and hard about a ‘‘pay or play’’ plan a socialized system. Let me tell you straight, that would make us pay and pay and pay I will not allow those people to give Amer- and drive a lot of small businesses out of ica a prescription for failure. I am going work, out of business in the first place. And to fight against a nationalized, socialized I’m not going to let Congress try to cure medicine approach for this country. America’s health and care ailments by bind- Folks who want national health care are ing wounds in redtape. the same people who said that Tony Gwynn I have proposed a plan that is sensible, would never amount to much of a hitter. and really it will work. And I ask you to [Laughter] Now, they can’t see the future. help, too. One of the best ways is keeping They think socialized medicine—everything people healthy, keeping them healthy. So, provided by the Government, totally Gov- let me talk just a minute about how we ernment-controlled medical care—is just must also change the way we act. And in the ticket for health care in America. And this field I again salute Dr. Sullivan, our what they’re not saying is it’s also the ticket Secretary of HHS, who’s been way out in for treatment waiting lines. front of the power curve on this concept. Anyone who’s spent months checking the If you’ll forgive me for altering an old say- mail for that income tax refund, or tried ing, Pete used it a minute ago, ‘‘A pound to track down a missing Social Security of prevention is worth a ton of cure.’’ check, or wasted a day in line at the depart- My good friend Lou, Dr. Sullivan, has ment of motor vehicles is going to think said better control of fewer than 10 risk fac- long and hard before they let the Govern- tors could prevent up to 70 percent of pre- ment play doctor. Some say nationalized mature deaths, one-third of all cases of health care would serve everyone. Sure it acute disability and two-thirds of all cases of would, yes, just like a restaurant that serves long-lasting disability, and yes, many, many bad food but in very generous proportions. AIDS cases. If you exercise and eat right [Laughter] and don’t smoke or abuse drugs and drink Look at countries where socialized medi- less and avoid risky sexual behavior, you’ll cine violates the number one rule of the live longer. And America will live better. medical profession, ‘‘Do no harm.’’ They Let’s change the behavior that costs society can tell you, nationalized health care is a tens of billions, this is no exaggeration, tens

213 Feb. 7 / Administration of George Bush, 1992 of billions of dollars in lost earnings and parents would not make the same mistake. productivity, treatment related programs, And said Michael, ‘‘You can’t fight some- accidents, and certainly crime. Maybe I am thing you can’t see. You’ve got to have them a little old-fashioned, but I believe personal immunized; give them as much protection responsibility has a lot to do with making as you can as early as you can.’’ America a better country. It’s because of families like the Baineses And now, let’s also act through another that I put forth this message: We need im- prevention measure, immunization. With proved immunization. We also need earlier health care costs stretched to the limit, we immunization not merely of school-age kids, can’t afford not to immunize our youngest where immunization approaches 100 per- children. And last June, Secretary Sullivan cent, but of our smallest victims, where a and I announced our administration’s im- year of wait can be a year too long. Kids munization initiative. And our goal was sim- need to be completely vaccinated in the first ple, to bring immunization to every Amer- and second years of life. Yet immunization ican child. This effort pays huge dividends. rates at 2 years of age are only 50 percent Every $1 spent for immunization now for in many States and often as low as 10 per- measles, mumps, and rubella saves an esti- cent in some of the inner cities. We have mated $14 later on. to change that, and I am determined that Consider two facts. Two years ago, measle we will. cases soared to a high of 27,000. In 1989 It won’t be easy to immunize every child. to ’90 alone, measles caused 130 deaths, 60 percent of which were children under 5 And yet the Government will do its part. years of age. Because of our immunization And the private sector needs to do its part initiative we now have a national blueprint as well. We need to help it try creative ideas to bring this needless and tragic story to like one-stop shopping for health care and a speedier end. But we’re also working on escorted referral for express lane immuniza- immunization’s equivalent of putting a man tion at the clinics. And finally I ask each on the moon, the one-time, all-in-one vac- of you, mothers, fathers, spouses, friends: cine that immunizes a child against all vac- Call your health official or physician. Join cine-preventable childhood diseases. groups which encourage childhood immuni- You know, since September of 1991 zation. Please, please, make sure your child there’s not been a single reported polio case is immunized. in the Americas. Now, that’s an extraor- I have outlined today a reform program dinary immunization accomplishment. But to make health care accessible and afford- we’ve got to do better. And that’s why we’ve able. It’s a program which rejects outright more than tripled the dollars for Federal the dead end of Government-controlled, of immunization efforts since I took office in socialized medicine, a program which will 1988—’89, January—[laughter]—from $98 be good medicine for the American econ- million to $297 million for 1992. And our omy and the American people. And so, work will only be complete when we eradi- please help me take this message to the cate these terrible diseases not only from Congress: ‘‘He who has health has hope, our neighborhoods but from the world’s as and he who has hope has everything.’’ I well. need your support. I need you to be in- Let me tell you a story about a family volved. And let’s bring quality health care right here in San Diego. Michael and Bar- to every American. bara Baines had always watched closely over You know, when I was little, I read a the health of their children. And last year quote by Saint Francis of Asissi. ‘‘Give me they were preparing for the holidays, but a child until he is 7,’’ he wrote, ‘‘and you they were not prepared for the news, their may have him afterward.’’ Through a better two littlest stricken by whooping cough. system and better behavior, we can ensure Thank God, 21⁄2-year-old Kensington has that the future will have our children after- now left the hospital, and little 18-month- ward, hoping, building, dreaming, as Ameri- old Colleen has stabilized. And as Michael cans always have and as Americans always and Barbara prayed, they asked that other will.

214 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / Feb. 7

Thank you very, very much. And may Note: The President spoke at 10:20 a.m. at God bless the United States of America. the Sheraton Harbor Island Hotel. Thank you.

Statement by Press Secretary Fitzwater on the Appointment of Robert L. Gallucci as Senior Coordinator for the Office of the Deputy Secretary of State February 7, 1992

The President has announced the ap- peaceful or commercial enterprises, and hu- pointment of Dr. Robert L. Gallucci as Sen- manitarian and educational needs. Dr. ior Coordinator reporting to the Deputy Gallucci will carry the personal rank of Am- Secretary of State, with responsibility for co- bassador. ordinating the Administration’s cooperation In order to assume these new responsibil- with the States of the former Soviet Union ities, Dr. Gallucci has resigned his position to reduce the risk that their scientists and as Deputy Executive Chairman of the U.N. know-how would contribute to the prolifera- Special Commission charged with the de- tion of special weapons. For this purpose, struction or removal from Iraq of weapons he will also assist in the coordination of as- of mass destruction and ballistic missiles. sistance to the Commonwealth of Inde- Ambassador Michael Newlin has been nom- pendent States in the areas of conversion inated to succeed Dr. Gallucci in that posi- of the state-run defense establishment to tion.

Statement on Signing the Emergency Unemployment Compensation Bill February 7, 1992

Today I am pleased to sign into law H.R. ber, I called for swift enactment of this leg- 4095 to extend and increase the benefits islation. The bill I am signing today dem- available under the Emergency Unemploy- onstrates clearly that when the Congress ment Compensation program. These bene- wants to act expeditiously it can. When the fits are financed in a manner consistent with Congress and the Administration work in the discipline of the budget agreement and common cause, we can accomplish great long-term economic growth. things. The 13 additional weeks of unemploy- The greatest challenge we have before us ment benefits provided by this legislation now is getting the economy moving again. means real help to unemployed workers and I have offered an immediate action plan to their families during these tough times. It the Congress. The best thing the Congress means getting checks into the hands of men can do for the American people is pass this and women to help pay the mortgage or action plan—and pass it by March 20, the the grocery bill, make the car payment or deadline I announced in the State of the meet the daily expense of raising a family— Union. at the same time they’re seeking new em- Yes, it’s a political year. But we are in ployment. a window of opportunity right now—we can As Americans who watched my State of put partisanship aside—we’ve got 42 more the Union Address last week might remem- days. The American people deserve action

215 Feb. 7 / Administration of George Bush, 1992 now, and it’s time for the Congress to enact February 7, 1992. the plan we have put forward.

GEORGE BUSH Note: H.R. 4095, approved February 7, was The White House, assigned Public Law No. 102–244.

Remarks on Receiving the Boy Scouts of America Report to the Nation February 10, 1992

Let me just first welcome everybody here, Light for serving others and making positive those up here and everybody out in the au- differences, for example, the members of dience. I am pleased to be here because Boy Scout Troop 4 of Ann Arbor, Michigan. the goals of the Boy Scouts and the con- These Scouts made community service cen- cerns of the young of our Nation are very tral to their mission, providing companion- important to me, important to our adminis- ship to our elderly, beautifying the grounds tration, and most of all, fundamentally im- of the elderly homes, as well as working portant to our whole country. I want to rec- with the hungry and those afflicted by ognize Ronald Moranville, the deputy chief drugs. Scout executive, seated here, right here in So I just mentioned one example; there the front; and those members of the admin- are many, many more that I could point istration who are with us, our Chief of Staff, to. I want to thank all of you for the good Sam Skinner, the future Secretary of Trans- turns done by the Scouts throughout the portation here, Andy Card, and others with United States; thank each of you, those who us who are all very interested in this. have been singled out for personal heroism. Since 1910 with President Taft, every It sets a wonderful example to young and President, I think Ben referred to this, but old alike. every President has received the Boy Scouts So for me, this is a very nice interlude, report to the Nation. And I am again proud and I’m just delighted to see you all back to receive it this year. The Scout slogan is here. I remember that marvelous encamp- ‘‘Do a good turn daily.’’ This report rep- ment in Virginia. I hope someday I’ll get resents the great and heroic deeds done by to come back. It’s good to see you guys. our Nation’s future, from feeding the hun- Thanks for coming. gry to helping kids stay drug-free. I listened to those five goals, and clearly we should Note: The President spoke at 11:55 a.m. in all be working to achieve those goals. the Roosevelt Room at the White House. In Boy Scouts and Scout initiative have been his remarks, he referred to Ben H. Love, recognized as what we call daily Points of chief Scout executive.

Remarks to the Conference on Healthy Children Ready To Learn February 10, 1992

The President. Thank you, Dr. Sullivan. retary of HHS. He’s doing a superb job, and And might I just say at the beginning of we all are grateful to him. And when Dr. these brief remarks that I am very proud of Novello and Lou suggested I could be here, Lou Sullivan and what he’s doing as Sec- let me just say it’s a pleasure to be here

216 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / Feb. 10 today to help launch this historic con- moting literacy. And I’m very proud of her. ference. She wants to help parents understand just I particularly want to thank our Surgeon how important it is to read to their kids. General, Antonia Novello. I see she brought And when parents read aloud to their young most of her family with her. [Laughter] No, ones, they open their children to the joy but let me just say this: As an observer with of a larger world; they teach the self-assur- a pretty good observation post, she’s in- ance and curiosity that comes from learning. spired people all across the country with Barbara asked me to extend her best wishes. her example and her message. And she She’s down on a learning program, an edu- sums it up this way, she sums up the mes- cation program, right this minute in the sage better than anyone: ‘‘All children have State of Mississippi. [Applause] Don’t know a right to be healthy.’’ Then she says, ‘‘We need to speak for those who cannot speak whether you’re clapping because she’s there for themselves.’’ or because she’s interested in education, but And that’s why you’ve gathered here this nevertheless——[laughter] week, and you’ve come to lead a great Audience member. Mississippi. movement of parents and doctors and The President. Oh, a little Mississippi del- teachers and public programs and private egation here. enterprise, a movement destined to trans- But anyway, our movement instills the form America. And here’s our goal—what’s habits of good health, wholesome nutrition, that guy got going? [Laughter] I think it’s sound hygiene, and protective measures like wonderful these kids are here, I really do. early immunization. Parents know learning Makes me feel right at home. and health are two sides, really, of the same Here’s our goal: By the year 2000, every coin. American child will start school healthy and And again, parents, families, communities ready to learn. Our success will provide a are the key. But Government can help, lifetime of opportunity for our children. must help. Last June, for example, Dr. Sulli- And it will guarantee the health and safety van and I, with able advice from Dr. of our families and neighborhoods, and it will ensure that America remains the undis- Novello, took steps to ensure that no Amer- puted leader of the world. Now, I am proud ican child is at risk from deadly diseases that our administration is part of this move- like polio, diphtheria, and measles. And we ment. In this administration, families come launched an initiative to support childhood first. immunizations, especially immunizations for We’re proud to join hands with people kids in the early years of life. Now, that’s like Trish Solomon Thomas, who’s come a crucial step toward meeting our goal. And from New Mexico to be here this afternoon. I’m proud we’ve been able to help. Since A little history: She has two children, both 1988, we’ve more than tripled the dollars of them with special health needs. And she for Federal immunization efforts, from $98 perfectly expressed the spirit of our move- million to $297 million for 1992. ment when she said, ‘‘I used to be shy, but On Friday, Dr. Sullivan and the Surgeon I had to learn to stand up for my kids.’’ General and I, we were just talking about And that’s why we’re here, to stand up for it outside, were out in San Diego, and we our kids. And we will not let them down. had the privilege of visiting Logan Heights Our movement draws its strength from Family Health Center to see firsthand the Trish and the millions of parents like her. benefits of this initiative. We spoke with The title of this conference says it all, parents and community leaders, and every ‘‘Healthy Children Ready To Learn: The one of them stressed the importance of Critical Role of Parents.’’ Now, parents are early immunization in preventing illness. a child’s first teachers, offering the love and spiritual nourishment that no Government Logan Heights, one of many, I’m sure, program can ever hope to provide. but it’s a perfect example of what can be And if I can brag for just a minute here done if concerned individuals set their today, you may know of Barbara’s work pro- minds to it. The center was founded by a

217 Feb. 10 / Administration of George Bush, 1992 wonderful woman named Laura Rodriguez, all over the world come here seeking better who’s become one of our administration’s care. Most often they’re trying to escape what we call Points of Light, helping others, health care systems in which the govern- setting an example in the process. Laura ment dictates how much care you’ll get and saw a need, and with hard work and dedica- what kind you’ll get and when you’ll get tion, she rolled up her sleeves and did it. In America, that’s unacceptable. something about it. Logan Heights now Our great challenge, then, is to keep what serves 75,000 patients a year. So, I say thank works in our system and then reform what God for people like Laura. She’s an example doesn’t work. We must maintain a maxi- for all of us. And there are many, many mum freedom of choice and the highest other examples right here in this room. And for those kids who need a head start quality care. And at the same time, we must in preparing for school, we’ve made sure make sure that our children have access to that they’ll get it. In the last 3 years, we health care their parents can afford, sick or have almost doubled the funding for Head healthy, rich or poor. That’s what this four- Start programs, and this year I have pro- point plan does, and let me just briefly spell posed the largest single increase in Head it out for you. Start’s history, $600 million. This year’s in- First, to make health care more affordable crease will ensure that 157,000 more kids and accessible, I want a $3,750 tax credit will be able to start school ready to learn. for low-income families to help them buy Head Start brings children and parents health insurance. For middle-income fami- into the classroom, into the learning proc- lies, I’ve proposed a tax deduction for the ess. Head Start works because parents take same amount. Poor people, those who don’t the lead. You may not know this, but volun- file taxes, would be covered under this plan. teers in Head Start outnumber paid staff Second, to cut costs, we will make health by eight to one. Head Start works because care more efficient. The math is simple; the people care. And we’re making sure it con- larger the group being covered, the lower tinues to work. If it’s good for America’s the cost per individual. So what we’ve done kids, it’s good for America. is this: We’ve proposed health insurance These are important steps. But there’s more to do. And we must address the larger networks that bring companies together to issues of American health care. And last cut administrative costs and make insurance week, I proposed a four-point plan to do affordable for working parents. just that. Every American family must have And third, we must cut out the waste and access to affordable, high-quality care. abuse. We can start with medical mal- I don’t need to tell you that the American practice lawsuits that drive up the cost of health care system has problems. The crisis care for everyone. A doctor pestered with has probably touched many of you right frivolous litigation ends up passing his legal here in this room. Right now, more than costs right along to you, the American peo- 8 million children go without health insur- ple, and right along to the patient. And ance because skyrocketing costs have placed when you go to the doctor, I don’t want coverage beyond the reach of their parents. you to have to pay a lawyer, too. Just pay And even parents who are covered worry the doctor. about losing their family’s insurance if they And finally, we must slow the spiraling move on to a different job or, worse still, costs of Federal health programs. These lose the job they have. You shouldn’t have costs are rising far beyond the rate of infla- to live with this kind of uncertainty. No tion, which only endangers important bene- American family should. And my proposal fits while making less money available for will put an end to that. other pressing needs. And yet, I think we should keep one thing in mind. It’s important to remember: For There it is, a commonsense reform that all its problems the system, our health care will maintain high-quality care, cut costs, system, still provides the best health care ensure maximum freedom of choice, and in the world. And that’s why people from

218 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / Feb. 10 give every family, rich or poor, sick or information, explore new ideas, and then re- healthy, access to health care. I know how turn to your communities to lead the good important this is, particularly for parents fight. Your commitment is an inspiration, who have children with special needs. And and I thank you for inviting me by to get my plan will assure that you can change a feeling of it firsthand. And may God bless jobs without endangering the health insur- all of you. ance your child depends on. We’re building And now this little guy, I’ve got to tell on our system’s strengths. And we’re avoid- you, those in the back, when I walked in ing the pitfalls of nationalized care, the kind and was sitting here looking very serious that people from all over the world come waiting for the doctor to introduce me, this to America to escape. guy in the blue, he goes like this to me. All these approaches for meeting our goal [Laughter] And I had to tell him, ‘‘No, I of ‘‘Healthy Children Ready To Learn’’ have to stay up here.’’ You know, I tried must build on a basic truth: In this country to communicate with him, but now I’m families come first. Government programs going to invite him to come up here and that overtake the rightful role of families say hello to me. and communities, that deny them the free- But thank you all, and may God bless dom of choice or bind them up in redtape, America. Thank you very, very much. are simply unacceptable. Our movement is about strengthening families. And over the next few days I’m told you Note: The President spoke at 2:07 p.m. at will continue a great national dialog, share the Ramada Renaissance Hotel.

Memorandum on Payments to the United Nations February 10, 1992

Memorandum for the Secretary of State agencies of United States assessments and Subject: Delegation of Functions Related to arrears. These functions may be further re- Payment to the United Nations and Its delegated within the Department of State. Specialized Agencies of United States The functions delegated by this memo- Assessments and Arrears randum shall be exercised in coordination with the Director of the Office of Manage- By the authority vested in me as Presi- ment and Budget and the Assistant to the dent by the Constitution and the laws of President for National Security Affairs. the United States of America, including sec- You are authorized and directed to pub- tion 301 of title 3 of the United States Code lish this memorandum in the Federal Reg- and sections 102 and 162 of the Foreign ister. Relations Authorization Act, Fiscal Years 1992 and 1993 (Public Law 102–138) (the GEORGE BUSH Act), I hereby delegate to you the functions vested in me by sections 102(a)(3) and 162 [Filed with the Office of the Federal Reg- (b) and (d) of the Act, relating to payment ister, 4:26 p.m., February 12, 1992] to the United Nations and its specialized

219 Feb. 10 / Administration of George Bush, 1992

Memorandum on Social Security Card Changes February 10, 1992

Memorandum for the Secretary of Health Means of the House of Representatives and Human Services and to the Committee on the Judiciary Subject: Delegation of Authority to Report and the Committee on Finance of the to the Congress and to Publish in the Senate, a written report regarding the Federal Register Proposed Changes in the substance of any proposed change in Social Security Number Card Social Security number cards, to the extent required by section 274A(d)(3)(A) Section 205(c)(2)(F) of the Social Security of the Act, and Act (section 405(c)(2)(F) of title 42 of the (2) Authorize you to cause to have printed United States Code) directs the Secretary in the Federal Register the substance of Health and Human Services to issue So- of any change in the Social Security cial Security number cards to individuals number card so proposed and reported who are assigned Social Security numbers. to the designated congressional com- By the authority vested in me as Presi- mittees, to the extent required by sec- dent by the Constitution and the laws of tion 274A(d)(3)(A) of the Act. the United States of America, including sec- The authority delegated by this memoran- tion 274A(d)(3)(A) of the Immigration and dum may be further redelegated within the Nationality Act (the ‘‘Act’’) (section Department of Health and Human Services. 1324a(d)(3)(A) of title 8 of the United You are hereby authorized and directed States Code) and section 301 of title 3 of to publish this memorandum in the Federal the United States Code, and in order to Register. provide for the delegation of certain functions under the Act, I hereby: GEORGE BUSH (1) Authorize you to prepare and transmit, to the Committee on the Judiciary [Filed with the Office of the Federal Reg- and the Committee on Ways and ister, 1:14 p.m., June 5, 1992]

Statement on the Death of Alex Haley February 10, 1992

Barbara and I extend our heartfelt sym- life. He taught us that every community pathies to the family of Alex Haley upon needs to strengthen and renew itself. I am his passing. Alex Haley was an extraordinary particularly grateful for the encouragement individual and a literary giant who served that he continued to provide to thousands his country for 20 years in the U.S. Coast of Americans who work to make their com- Guard. munities places where education is nour- He went on to produce many works, in- ished. Alex Haley understood that it was cluding the ‘‘Autobiography of Malcolm X’’ important to know where you come from— and ‘‘Roots.’’ ‘‘Roots’’ in particular has been so that you could set a course for where woven into the cultural patchwork that is you want to go. He will be an inspiration America. Haley’s own roots, nourished in for generations to come. His talent and spir- the small town values of Henning, Ten- it will be greatly missed. nessee, were central to his writings and his

220 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / Feb. 10

Statement by Press Secretary Fitzwater on the Export Enhancement Program February 10, 1992

The President met on February 10 with reference to several outstanding applications his key advisers to review the U.S. Export from potential foreign purchasers. There Enhancement Program (EEP). Secretaries was general agreement that in considering Brady and Madigan, Richard Darman, Chief whether to approve specific EEP proposals of Staff Samuel Skinner, Michael Boskin, U.S. agencies must weigh the nature of the General Scowcroft, Roger Porter, Michael competition in the foreign market (i.e. sub- Moskow, Robert Zoellick, and Timothy sidized v. nonsubsidized competition), U.S. Deal participated in the meeting. historic presence in the market, and the EEP was established in 1985 to help U.S. budgetary impact of such sales. agricultural producers meet subsidized com- U.S. agencies will apply these and other petition in foreign markets. criteria in deciding on the merits of existing The group reviewed the existing criteria and future EEP proposals. for approval of EEP sales with particular

Nomination of Robert C. Frasure To Be United States Ambassador to Estonia February 10, 1992

The President has announced his inten- U.S. Embassy in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, tion to nominate Robert C. Frasure, of 1988–1990; Political Counselor at the U.S. West Virginia, a career member of the Sen- Embassy in Pretoria, South Africa, 1986– ior Foreign Service, class of Counselor, to 1988; and Political Officer at the U.S. Em- be Ambassador Extraordinary and Pleni- bassy in London, England, 1982–1986. potentiary of the United States of America From 1980 to 1982, he served in the South- to Estonia. ern Africa Office of the State Department. Currently Dr. Frasure serves as the Dr. Frasure graduated from West Virginia Charge´ d’Affaires at the U.S. Embassy in University (B.A., 1964; M.A., 1965) and Tallinn, Estonia. Prior to this, Dr. Frasure Duke University (Ph.D., 1971). He was served as the Africa Director of the Na- born April 20, 1942, in Morgantown, WV. tional Security Council at the White House, Dr. Frasure is married, has two children, 1990–1991; Deputy Chief of Mission at the and resides in Falls Church, VA.

Nomination of Ints M. Silins To Be United States Ambassador to Latvia February 10, 1992

The President has announced his inten- the United States of America to Latvia. tion to nominate Ints M. Silins, of Virginia, Currently Mr. Silins serves as Charge´ a career member of the Senior Foreign d’Affaires at the U.S. Embassy in Riga, Lat- Service, class of Counselor, to be Ambas- via. Prior to this, he served as U.S. consul sador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary of general in Strasbourg, France, 1989–

221 Feb. 10 / Administration of George Bush, 1992

1991; Deputy Director for Bilateral Political consulate general in Leningrad, U.S.S.R., Relations for the Office of Soviet Affairs at 1981–1983. the U.S. Department of State, 1987–1989; Mr. Silins graduated from Princeton Uni- a fellow at the Center for International Af- versity (A.B., 1965). He was born March fairs at Harvard University, 1986–1987; 25, 1942, in Riga, Latvia. Mr. Silins served Counselor for Political Affairs at the U.S. in the U.S. Army Reserve, 1966–1972. He Embassy in Stockholm, Sweden, 1983–1986; is married, has four children, and resides and Deputy Principal Officer for the U.S. in Alexandria, VA.

Nomination of Darryl Norman Johnson To Be United States Ambassador to Lithuania February 10, 1992

The President has announced his inten- 1984–1987; Special Assistant to the Under tion to nominate Darryl Norman Johnson, Secretary for Political Affairs at the U.S. of Washington, a career member of the Department of State, 1982–1984; and as a Senior Foreign Service, class of Minister- Pearson fellow on the staff of Senator Clai- Counselor, to be Ambassador Extraordinary borne Pell, 1981–1982. From 1979 to 1981, and Plenipotentiary of the United States of Mr. Johnson served as the Officer-in- America to Lithuania. Charge of the People’s Republic of China Currently Mr. Johnson serves as Charge´ Affairs at the U.S. Department of State. d’Affaires at the U.S. Embassy in Lithuania. Mr. Johnson graduated from the Univer- Prior to this, Mr. Johnson served as Deputy sity of Washington (B.A., 1960). He was Chief of Mission for the U.S. Embassy in born June 7, 1938, in Chicago, IL. Mr. Warsaw, Poland, 1988–1991; Political Coun- Johnson has three children and resides in selor at the U.S. Embassy in Beijing, China, Washington, DC.

Presidential Determination No. 92–14—Memorandum on Redesignation of Ethiopia Under the Export-Import Bank Act February 10, 1992

Memorandum for the Secretary of State paragraph (B)(i) of such section. Subject: Determination under Section You are directed to report this determina- 2(b)(2) of the Export-Import Bank Act of tion to the Congress and publish it in the 1945, as amended: Ethiopia Federal Register. Pursuant to the authority vested in me GEORGE BUSH by section 2(b)(2)(C) of the Export-Import Bank Act of 1945, as amended (the Act), [Filed with the Office of the Federal Reg- 12 U.S.C. 635(b)(2)(C), I hereby determine ister, 5:07 p.m., February 26, 1992] that Ethiopia (designated ‘‘Socialist Ethio- pia’’ in section 2(b)(2)(B)(ii) of the Act) has Note: This memorandum was released by ceased to be a Marxist-Leninist country the Office of the Press Secretary on Feb- within the definition of such term in sub- ruary 11.

222 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / Feb. 11

Exchange With Reporters Prior to Discussions With Prime Minister Suleyman Demirel of Turkey February 11, 1992

Turkey-U.S. Relations there is no linkage at all. I will be telling The President. I have been looking for- the Prime Minister, and he’ll probably say ward to this visit to set the right tone of the same to me, that it is important that this important U.S.-Turkish relationship. we get a GATT agreement. Secondly, with- And I should tell you that we were just out setting priorities, it is important that we delighted, and we will work closely with you retain a strong presence in NATO in Eu- in every way. And we’re pleased to see you rope. And so, there is no linkage between here. them. The Vice President made that very The Prime Minister. I do appreciate your clear. invitation, Mr. President. I think we have And so I’m glad you raised that one be- something to talk about. cause there’s been some confusion about it, The President. We’ve got a lot to talk and this is important. I want a successful about. The U.S.-Turkish—— conclusion to this GATT round, and we’re Q. Mr. President, are you plotting the de- going to press hard to get that. And I want mise of Saddam? a strong U.S. commitment to NATO. And The President. The U.S.-Turkish relation- I think that’s important to Turkey, and I ship is a very, very important one. think it’s important to freedom around the Q. How much do you intend to discuss world. the situation in Iraq? Will that be a big Q. You’re not going to get GATT, are focus of your talks? you? The President. Well, we’re going to have Q. But is GATT a security issue? a lot of discussion on a wide array of sub- The President. No. jects. I’d let the Prime Minister set the Q. Not at all? agenda, of course. But I will be reiterating The President. No. They’re separate. how important the U.S.-Turkish relationship These two questions are separate. One re- is, how much confidence we have in this lates to world trade, and it is very important Prime Minister, and how closely I person- we get a successful conclusion to the GATT ally want to work with him. And I think round. And you have a whole question of out of that then, we’ll discuss a wide array security. And NATO is very important to of issues. But we’ve got so many issues to the security of Europe, indeed. And I think talk about that I don’t know where we’re what it projects is important to worldwide going to begin. peace and stability. Presidential Primaries Q. Well, isn’t it time they took care of Q. Mr. Bush, Buchanan started running themselves? a spot in New Hampshire yesterday saying The President. So there is no linkage. that he cares more than you do. Do you There is no linkage. think you’ve settled that issue? Q. Isn’t it about time after 45 years? We The President. Why don’t we just let the have 150,000 troops there. Aren’t 75,000 voters settle that one on next Tuesday and enough? keep our sights set on what we’ve got to The President. We’ve set the proper level, do here. and we’re going to stay with the level that we have set. And so we’re not going to be Trade Negotiations and NATO driven by people that now think there is no Q. Mr. President, there are people in Eu- threat in the world and that the U.S. has no rope wondering if the American Govern- responsibility. We have a disproportionate ment is linking the GATT issue to the responsibility for world peace. We are very troops level. grateful and lucky that we have come as far The President. The GATT to troops? No, as we have in terms of world peace. And

223 Feb. 11 / Administration of George Bush, 1992 we are not going to let this be set by a lot him on that. And I’m going to assure him of politicians. We’re going to do what’s right today that the relationship between Turkey for the national security, whether it’s good and the United States is vitally important politics or bad. to us—I think it’s important to Turkey, And we’ve set an appropriate level. And too—and that I will give him my full, un- I will be guided not by political challenge qualified cooperation. He’s a good man, and but by the Joint Chiefs of Staff and by the he’s there. He’s the Prime Minister of Tur- leaders of the military in Europe with whom key, and I’m going to be working as closely we work in close cooperation, Manfred with him as I possibly can. Woerner to many others. So that’s the way And welcome to the United States, those it is, and that’s the way it’s going to be. of you who are not based here. Q. But sir, some in Europe are saying Q. Mr. President, your guest was an op- that you use the Senators to—— position leader when you met him last in The President. This isn’t a press con- Istanbul. Now he’s a Prime Minister. How ference. I’ve got a lot to learn here from does this signify the strength of Turkish de- the Prime Minister. mocracy? Q. Did you use the Senators to give Eu- The President. It signifies pretty good rope any warning? strength. It also shows he’s a pretty good The President. On what? prognosticator or predictor because he sat Q. On the GATT issue, that the GATT there in great confidence and told me with- has to be resolved? out any arrogance, with confidence in his The President. Absolutely not. There is own ability, ‘‘I will be the next Prime Min- no linkage. No, I’m glad you raised that ister.’’ And I reminded him of that a few one. That’s the last question. I am glad minutes ago. And yes, sure enough, he was you—there is no linkage. What some Sen- just correct. ator says over there, that’s his business. I’m But it says a lot about the viability of selling what the policy of the United States Turkish democracy because we work closely Government is. And there is no linkage, and with the government in Turkey. I’m not we will have a strong presence in NATO. knocking the previous government. I’m sim- Those are the two givens. ply saying this good man has been elected, And that’s it. Thank you very much, and he has my full cooperation and the co- Helen [Helen Thomas, United Press Inter- operation of the United States Government. national]. Thank you very much. And that’s U.S.-Turkish relationship at its [At this point, one group of journalists left best. the room, and another group entered.] Thank you all very much. Turkey-U.S. Relations The President. May I say to the visiting Note: The exchange began at 11:02 a.m. in journalists from Turkey what an honor and, the Oval Office at the White House. During really, privilege it is to have the Prime Min- the exchange, the President referred to ister here. I respect him. I watched his vic- Manfred Woerner, Secretary General of tory with admiration. I have congratulated NATO.

224 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / Feb. 11

Remarks at the Departure Ceremony for Prime Minister Suleyman Demirel of Turkey February 11, 1992

The President. Mr. Prime Minister, it’s sovereignty and stability, particularly in its been a great pleasure to meet with a man war against terrorism. whose career embodies a devotion to de- And we’re going to work together to for- mocracy and human rights. And seven times tify the enhanced partnership which both the people of Turkey have sent you to serve links and lifts our nations. The pillars inas Prime Minister, an office that you’ve cluded trade, diplomacy, NATO and CSCE served often with daring, always with dig- membership, and a shared commitment to nity. And you’ve been a great European justice and human rights. And last year in statesman. And you remain a spokesman for the Gulf, in the Persian Gulf, we joined change. to face aggression and then faced aggression No wonder you said when we met last down. We’re going to continue to work summer, ‘‘I’m going to be Prime Minister.’’ through the United Nations to see that all And your devotion to your people has been Iraqi citizens get the food and medicine returned by their confidence in you. And they need and the peace and liberty they for me, it was a pleasure to welcome you deserve in an Iraq free of Saddam’s tyranny. back to the Oval Office that you first visited Today we spoke of a world reborn 37—— through the cold war’s death, of the plight The Prime Minister. ——years ago. of the new Republics emerging from the The President. Thirty-seven or—— old Soviet Union. Already, Turkey and the The Prime Minister. Yes, 37. The President. Thirty-seven years ago United States have joined hands to feed when President Eisenhower was in that very mouths, rushing goods through Project special office. Hope to needy friends in the Caucasus and Barbara and I will never forget our trip Central Asia. I wish to announce that our to Turkey last year. And I recall especially Governments will expand that cooperation the magic of Istanbul, the minarets of the in these new Republics. We will seek new Blue Mosque, the splendor of the beautiful ways to help our new friends secure their palace, the boats that graced the Straits of independence and move quickly and peace- the Bosporus, the lights that lit up the Asian fully to establish ties with the West. and European parts of the city, their skyline Mr. Prime Minister, you once said, a lovely silhouette against the night. And ‘‘Every question will be answered; discus- I marveled at this country which spans two sion will be open and free.’’ And in that continents, just as the friendship between spirit, we spoke of Turkey’s importance to our countries spans two centuries. Europe, and I applauded your Govern- Today, as the Prime Minister and I ment’s commitment to improve relations mapped our path toward the future, we with Greece. The Prime Minister and I did spoke of friendship and how it nurtures the talk about the Cyprus problem. We share ties between our peoples. Perhaps Kemal the objective of early negotiated settlement Atatu¨ rk said it best: ‘‘Nations are bound which will be both just and lasting. And more by sentiments than by treaties.’’ we agreed to give full support to the good Turkey is indeed a friend, a partner of offices mission of the United Nations Sec- the United States. And it’s also a model to retary-General and to work with the other others, especially those newly independent parties toward an agreement. Republics of Central Asia. In a region of In closing, we’ve agreed to stay in touch changing tides, it endures as a beacon of personally and officially at many levels of stability. And so, I repeat what I told the our Governments. And we leave with the Prime Minister: The United States will sup- faith that our talks have covered much port its friend in its territorial integrity, its ground, charted new horizons.

225 Feb. 11 / Administration of George Bush, 1992

The road toward progress may at times of Turkey and the United States of America. be difficult. It need not be lonely. An old Turkish proverb reminds us, ‘‘A long jour- Note: The President spoke at 1:30 p.m. on ney is shortened by good companions.’’ So the South Lawn at the White House. In his Mr. Prime Minister, let us make that jour- remarks, he referred to Kemal Atatu¨rk, ney together, as we have before and as we founder and first President of the Republic will again. And may God bless the peoples of Turkey.

Remarks at the Multilateral Investment Fund Agreement Signing Ceremony February 11, 1992

Welcome, especially, excellencies. And quality of life for people in Syracuse and may I single out President Iglesias of the St. Louis as well as Sao Paolo and Santiago. IDB, thank him for being here; and of Right now, we earn $62 billion, one in course, Secretary Brady, who has been so every seven of our worldwide export dollars, instrumental from the U.S. side in all of from Latin America. Well over half of our this. foreign investment in developing countries Today marks another milestone along the goes to Latin America. And we’re moving path of mutual progress for the United forward to create in this hemisphere a new States and its friends and neighbors. And free trade area of 360 million consumers we move another step closer to fulfilling the and $6 trillion in annual output, the North vision of a free, peaceful, and prospering American free trade area of Mexico, Can- Western Hemisphere. ada, and the United States. As we sign the charter for the new Multi- This commitment will endure because lateral Investment Fund, we advance the we’re in this to stay. And I know the people far-sighted aims of Enterprise for the Amer- of the United States. And I can assure you icas Initiative. Our new fund is an exciting that we will say no to the gloomy spirits innovation. It will provide targeted support that want to make pessimism a self-fulfilling for Latin American countries as they trans- prophecy. We embrace a future founded form lumbering, state-run industries into ef- upon freedom, opportunity, and growth. ficient private enterprises. This fund assures our neighbors that to- Working Americans and those looking for gether we share a stake in a better future work have common sense. And they know and that we will stand by them and help that when other countries develop their them as they carry out some very difficult economies, that results in more sales for reforms. In a neighborhood of free and America’s airplanes and computers and growing economies, investment helps every- other capital goods. The world is buying one. Our effort today will lift the tide of U.S. products at a record pace. Over the hope and freedom, and it will free up new past 5 years, nearly half of America’s real resources so that the men and women economic growth has been in exports. Dur- throughout the Americas can carry their ing those same 5 years, U.S. exports to dreams and achievements as far as their Latin America and the Caribbean increased God-given talents will take them. by 12 percent annually, much faster than Make no mistake: The future growth of the exports to the rest of the world. the United States economy depends on ex- Exports will carry us to rewarding new panding mutual investment and trade with destinations in our future. And remember our neighbors in the Americas. Flourishing what exports do right here at home. Every trade and investment throughout the hemi- billion dollar increase in exports generates sphere will create new jobs and raise the 20,000 new jobs in the United States. And

226 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / Feb. 11 so, the long and short of it is, the prophets This is a moment not so much for us of American decline simply don’t grasp the but for future generations, really. It’s they facts. who will benefit from what’s beginning here The 21 countries represented here al- today. And it is for them that we invest ready have pledged more than $1.2 billion in a new age of discovery and opportunity to this important fund for our future. The from Hudson Bay to the Straits of Magellan. U.S. pledge alone is $500 million, one-third And now I would like to invite all the of the $1.5 billion goal; Japan pledging an signatories who are here today with us, equal amount. I urge the United States those that have signed this agreement al- Congress to act without delay to provide ready, to come up here, and we can muster the funds to fulfill our pledge. And I also behind the two remaining, two final signa- urge Congress to support debt reduction tures. under the broader Enterprise for the Amer- But thank you all for being here and for icas Initiative which will provide further your constructive work on this wonderful support for U.S. exports, investment, and project. Thank you. jobs. Let me salute all of the representatives of the nations participating in this promising Note: The President spoke at 2:33 p.m. in new effort. I want to commend the Inter- the Roosevelt Room at the White House. American Development Bank, its president, Following the President’s remarks, Secretary Enrique Iglesias, who will administer the of the Treasury Nicholas F. Brady and new fund. And I am confident, sir, that you Enrique V. Iglesias, President of the Inter- will do an outstanding job with your new American Development Bank, signed the responsibility. agreement.

Remarks and an Exchange With Reporters at a Meeting With Republican Members of the House Ways and Means Committee February 11, 1992

The President. Let me just open with on that short-term package by March 20th. some comments here, and then what I want And that package is fully paid for without to do is throw this meeting open to discus- raising taxes. And I don’t believe we have sion. But first, thanks for coming down. I to raise tax rates, should raise tax rates. In- know that many of you were just on your stead we ought to cut wasteful Government way back to town. I appreciate your being spending, and that’s what our plan does. here. And we shouldn’t ask any American, par- With the markup starting in your commit- ticularly in these economic times, to give tee, in Ways and Means tomorrow, I just more of their money to a system that wanted to discuss the prospects for a true doesn’t spend wisely. And I can’t under- economic growth package. And as you all stand how people can talk about stimulating know—and I appreciate your support—I the economy and then raising taxes in the sent up a comprehensive 49-title bill to same breath, just totally counterproductive. Congress the week before last. It included Raising taxes is not the way to create jobs both a short-term and a long-term growth and to foster growth. agenda. And last week, through our leader, And so once we’re alone here, I want to Bob Michel, and our leader on Ways and hear from you, Bill, and the other able Means, Bill Archer, we introduced H.R. members of your committee the state of 4200, a streamlined package of the seven play. But what the Congress must do is go short-term growth items with budgetary off- forward on the seven concise growth meas- sets. And I’ve asked the Congress to act ures that will get this country back to work,

227 Feb. 11 / Administration of George Bush, 1992 stimulate real estate, and do things that are March 20th. totally productive and will lead this recov- And these are narrow. And then if they ery. want to add in a lot of tax increases or any- So thank you all very much for coming thing else, we’ll debate it. And if we have down here. I appreciate it. Now we will additional suggestions, our long-term pack- have a chance to discuss these items. age, we’ll get that debated. But we’ve got Economic Plan a short-term set of proposals that would be the best medicine for this economy, and Q. Mr. President, would you accept half they ought to move on it now. Give it a a loaf, four of these measures or five of try, and then go into the political dance these measures? later on. And that’s what I’m going to be The President. Well, I want the whole loaf urging. And again, we’re grateful to our in this case, and I think the country does, members on Ways and Means. too. We’ve been very pleased with the sup- That’s about it because we’ve got to get port from groups all across it. But I want to work now. to hear a little more from our able Mem- bers here, the leaders on the tax side for Health Care Reforms the Republicans, tax committee side, Ways Q. Mr. President, are you going to offer and Means side, and hear what they have any ideas on how to pay for your health to suggest. But I’m grateful for their sup- program, sir? port on the floor. They’ve been magnificent. The President. We’ve got some good ones I hope we can get these goals accomplished. on there. There’s 38 pages of how to do Q. How do you feel going into this reelec- that. So it takes a lot of reading to get tion campaign, Mr. President, with your an- through them all, but they’re very good sug- nouncement tomorrow? gestions. But the main one I want to see The President. Hey look, Terry [Terrence is to get rid of all of these frivolous mal- Hunt, Associated Press], I want to get this economic growth package passed. What I practice lawsuits. And you’re talking about really feel like is we want to try and help megabucks there. So there’s a big one for the country and get some people back to starters. work here and stimulate this economy. And Now, I’ve got to go. that’s exactly what this proposal is about. Q. How will it pay for it, sir? And that’s the best thing for all people in- The President. How will it pay for it? Be- volved in politics, no matter what side of cause you won’t be putting—you’ll be re- the aisle they’re on right now. Put America’s ducing health care costs by $20 billion to interests first, and that’s what I’m trying to $40 billion, depending on whose estimates do here. And then we’ll have plenty of time you believe. So it’s a very—— for politics after that. Q. ——the bill now, right? But I want to get this done by March The President. No, not if you don’t have 20th. And Congress can move if they want to spend. It’s a big saving. Here we go. to. They moved fast on the unemployment Those costs are passed along, you see, to compensation extension and with the strong the system. support from everybody at this table. And I think they ought to move fast on this. Note: The President spoke at 3:25 p.m. in There is no reason it can’t be done by the Cabinet Room at the White House.

228 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / Feb. 11

Message to the Congress Reporting on the National Emergency With Respect to Iraq February 11, 1992

To the Congress of the United States: and claims of government and international I hereby report to the Congress on the organizations (including environmental developments since my last report of July damage and natural resource depletion 26, 1991, concerning the national emer- claims). In addition, the Governing Council gency with respect to Iraq that was declared agreed to begin expedited consideration of in Executive Order No. 12722 of August claims of individuals for up to $100,000 as 2, 1990. This report is submitted pursuant of July 1, 1992, and set July 1, 1993, as to section 401(c) of the National Emer- the deadline for filing this category of claims gencies Act, 50 U.S.C. 1641(c), and section with the Commission. 204(c) of the International Emergency Eco- In a claims census conducted by the nomic Powers Act (‘‘IEEPA’’), 50 U.S.C. Treasury Department’s Office of Foreign 1703(c). Assets Control (FAC) during the first quar- Executive Order No. 12722 ordered the ter of 1991 pursuant to section 575.605 of immediate blocking of all property and in- the Iraqi Sanctions Regulations, 31 CFR terests in property of the Government of Part 575 (‘‘ISR’’), reports of claims from ap- Iraq (including the Central Bank of Iraq) proximately 1,100 U.S. nationals were re- then or thereafter located in the United ceived. Included were claims for items such States or within the possession or control as personal property looted or destroyed in of a U.S. person. In that order, I also pro- Kuwait, loans or other obligations on which hibited the importation into the United Iraq has defaulted, and lost future business States of goods and services of Iraqi origin, or concession rights. Inasmuch as these as well as the exportation of goods, services, claims have not been submitted to a formal and technology from the United States to claims resolution body, much less adju- Iraq. I prohibited travel-related transactions dicated, their actual aggregate value is not and transportation transactions to or from known. Iraq and the performance of any contract 2. FAC has issued 199 specific licenses in support of any industrial, commercial, or (51 since my last report) regarding trans- governmental project in Iraq. U.S. persons actions pertaining to Iraq or Iraqi assets. were also prohibited from granting or ex- Specific licenses were issued for payment tending credit or loans to the Government to U.S. or third-country creditors of Iraq, of Iraq. under certain narrowly defined cir- The foregoing prohibitions (as well as the cumstances, for pre-embargo import and ex- blocking of Government of Iraq property) port transactions. Additionally, licenses were were continued and augmented on August issued for conducting procedural trans- 9, 1990, by Executive Order No. 12724 that actions such as the filing of legal actions I issued in order to align the sanctions im- and for legal representation. Pursuant to posed by the United States with United Na- United Nations Security Council Resolu- tions Security Council Resolution 661 of tions 661, 666, and 687, specific licenses August 6, 1990. were also issued to authorize the exportation 1. Since my last report, important and to Iraq of donated medicine, medical sup- rapid progress has been made in establish- plies, and food intended for humanitarian ing the framework for processing U.S. and relief purposes. other nations’ claims against Iraq for dam- To ensure compliance with the terms of ages arising from its unlawful invasion and the licenses that have been issued, stringent occupation of Kuwait. The Governing reporting requirements have been imposed Council of the U.N. Compensation Com- that are closely monitored. Licensed ac- mission has adopted criteria for various cat- counts are regularly audited by FAC com- egories of claims, including small and large pliance personnel and by deputized auditors claims of individuals, claims of corporations, from other regulatory agencies. FAC

229 Feb. 11 / Administration of George Bush, 1992 compliance personnel have also worked tant tool in disrupting Saddam Hussein’s closely with both State and Federal bank nuclear, military, and technological acquisi- regulatory and law enforcement agencies in tions efforts. The impact is considerable: all conducting special audits of Iraqi accounts assets with U.S. jurisdiction of parties found subject to the ISR. to be Iraqi SDN’s are blocked; all economic 3. Various enforcement actions discussed transactions with SDN’s by U.S. persons are in previous reports continue to be pursued, prohibited; and the SDN individual or orga- and additional investigations of possible vio- nization is exposed. lations of the Iraqi sanctions have been initi- 5. The expenses incurred by the Federal ated. These are intended to deter future Government in the 6-month period from activities in violation of the sanctions. Addi- August 2, 1991, through February 1, 1992, tional civil penalty notices were issued dur- that are directly attributable to the exercise ing the reporting period for violations of the of powers and authorities conferred by the IEEPA and ISR with respect to attempted declaration of a national emergency with re- transactions involving Iraq, and substantial spect to Iraq are estimated at $2,992,210, penalties were collected. most of which represents wage and salary After investigation by FAC and the U.S. costs for Federal personnel. Personnel costs Customs Service, a Virginia corporation and were largely centered in the Department its export director were convicted in U.S. of the Treasury (particularly in FAC, the District Court for conspiracy and violations U.S. Customs Service, the Office of the As- of the ISR. Investigation revealed that the sistant Secretary for Enforcement, the Of- corporation and its export director contin- fice of the Assistant Secretary for Inter- ued to engage in activities that were in vio- national Affairs, and the Office of the Gen- lation of the Executive orders and the ISR eral Counsel), the Department of State after August 2, 1990. The corporation and (particularly in the Bureau of Economic and its export director performed contracts in Business Affairs and the Office of the Legal support of a government industrial project Adviser), and the Department of Commerce in Iraq, and engaged in prohibited trans- (particularly in the Bureau of Export Ad- actions relating to travel by a U.S. person ministration and the Office of the General to Iraq. After conviction, the corporation Counsel). was fined $50,000 and the export director 6. The United States imposed economic sentenced to 5 months’ incarceration, 5 sanctions on Iraq in response to Iraq’s inva- months’ supervised work release, and 2 sion and illegal occupation of Kuwait, a years of supervised release administered by clear act of brutal aggression. The United the Department of Justice. States, together with the international com- 4. The various firms and individuals out- munity, is maintaining economic sanctions side of Iraq in Saddam Hussein’s procure- against Iraq because the Iraqi regime has ment network continue to be investigated failed to comply fully with binding United for possible inclusion in the FAC listing of Nations Security Council resolutions calling individuals and organizations determined to for the elimination of Iraqi weapons of mass be Specially Designated Nationals destruction, an end to the repression of the (‘‘SDN’s’’) of the Government of Iraq. In Iraqi civilian population, the release of Ku- practice, an Iraqi SDN is a representative, waiti and other prisoners, and the return agent, intermediary, or front (whether open of Kuwaiti assets stolen during its illegal oc- or covert) of the Iraqi Government that is cupation of Kuwait. The U.N. sanctions re- located outside of Iraq. Iraqi SDN’s are main in place; the United States will con- Saddam Hussein’s principal instruments for tinue to enforce those sanctions. doing business in third countries, and doing The Saddam Hussein regime continues to business with them is the same as doing violate basic human rights by repressing the business with Saddam Hussein himself. Iraqi civilian population and depriving it of Since the Iraqi government tends to oper- humanitarian assistance. The United Nations ate its international fronts as interlocking Security Council passed resolutions that per- networks of third-world countries and key mit Iraq to sell $1.6 billion of oil under individuals, the SDN program is an impor- U.N. auspices to fund the provision of

230 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / Feb. 11 food, medicine, and other humanitarian of the United States, as well as to regional supplies to the people of Iraq. Under the peace and security. The United States will U.N. resolutions, the equitable distribution therefore continue to apply economic sanc- within Iraq of this assistance would be su- tions to deter Iraq from threatening peace pervised and monitored by the United Na- and stability in the region, and I will con- tions and other international organizations. tinue to report periodically to the Congress The Iraqi regime has refused to accept on significant developments, pursuant to 50 these resolutions and has thereby continued U.S.C. 1703(c). to perpetuate the suffering of its civilian population. GEORGE BUSH The regime of Saddam Hussein continues to pose an unusual and extraordinary threat The White House, to the national security and foreign policy February 11, 1992.

Letter to Congressional Leaders Transmitting the Report on Iraq’s Offensive Military Capability February 11, 1992

Dear Mr. Chairman: political-military influence into Africa and Under cover of this letter I am transmit- Latin America. ting to the Senate and House Committees The report unfortunately cannot be pro- on Appropriations, the Senate Committee duced in an unclassified form. I recommend on Foreign Relations, and the House Com- to your attention, however, the January 22, mittee on Foreign Affairs the report on 1992, testimony on Iraqi unconventional Iraq’s Offensive Military Capability required weapons capabilities by Robert Gates before by section 586J(b) of the Foreign Oper- the Senate Armed Services Committee. ations Export Financing, and Related Pro- Sincerely, grams Appropriations Act, 1991 (Public Law 101–513). GEORGE BUSH This interim assessment of Iraq’s offensive military capability and its effect on the Note: Identical letters were sent to Robert Middle East balance of power includes an C. Byrd, chairman of the Senate Committee assessment of Iraq’s power projection capa- on Appropriations; Jamie L. Whitten, chair- bility, the prospects for another sustained man of the House Committee on Appropria- conflict with Iran, joint Iraqi-Jordanian co- tions; Claiborne Pell, chairman of the Senate operation, the threat Iraq’s arms transfer ac- Committee on Foreign Relations; and Dante tivities pose to U.S. allies in the Middle B. Fascell, chairman of the House Commit- East, and the potential extension of Iraq’s tee on Foreign Affairs.

Appointment of Edward D. Murnane as Deputy Assistant to the President and Director of Presidential Advance February 11, 1992

The President has announced his inten- rector of Presidential Advance. He would tion to appoint Edward D. Murnane to be succeed Jake L. Parmer as Director of Pres- Deputy Assistant to the President and Di- idential Advance.

231 Feb. 11 / Administration of George Bush, 1992

Since 1989 Mr. Murnane has served as Crane, first as press secretary and later as Regional Administrator for the Small Busi- administrative assistant and chief of staff. ness Administration in Chicago, IL. Prior He has also served on the White House to this, he served as executive director of volunteer advance staff since 1981 and has the George Bush for President campaign in assisted on many domestic and international Illinois, 1988; as public affairs director for trips for President Bush as President and the Regional Transportation Authority in Vice President, as well as President Reagan Chicago, 1984–1988; and in a senior man- and Vice President Quayle. agement position in the Reagan-Bush ’84 Mr. Murnane graduated from Northern reelection campaign. From 1976 to 1984, Illinois University in 1966 with a degree in Mr. Murnane operated his own political and journalism and political science. He was public relations consulting firm in Chicago. born on March 2, 1944, in Chicago, IL. He From 1971 to 1976, he served on the Wash- and his wife, Laurel, have three children ington, DC, staff of Congressman Philip M. and reside in Arlington Heights, IL.

Statement by Press Secretary Fitzwater on the Phaseout of Ozone- Depleting Substances February 11, 1992

President Bush today announced that the The President also announced that the U.S. United States will unilaterally accelerate the will re-examine the phaseout schedule of phaseout of substances that deplete the HCFC’s, and will consider recent evidence Earth’s ozone layer and called on other na- suggesting the possible need to phase out tions to agree to an accelerated phaseout methyl bromide. schedule. Current U.S. production is al- The President noted that due in large part ready more than 40 percent below the levels to the use of innovative, market-based allowed by the Montreal Protocol and more mechanisms such as production fees and than 20 percent ahead of Europe’s nonaero- tradable allowances, the U.S. has already re- sol production phasedown. duced CFC production 42 percent below Recent scientific findings indicate that 1986 levels, a reduction beyond that re- emissions of these substances, major CFC’s, quired by either the Clean Air Act or the halons, methyl chloroform, and carbon tet- amended Montreal Protocol. The President rachloride, are depleting the stratospheric pointed out that the U.S. has been a leader ozone layer more quickly than previously in reducing CFC’s, agreeing to a full phase- had been believed. The President an- out of these gases in February 1989, enact- nounced that, with limited exceptions for ing a fee on their production in November essential uses and for servicing certain exist- of 1989, legislating the full phaseout in No- ing equipment, all production of these sub- vember of 1990, and making the first con- stances in the United States will be elimi- tribution to a multilateral fund established nated by December 31, 1995. To accelerate to assist developing countries in phasing out progress in the near term, the President CFC’s. called upon U.S. producers to reduce pro- The President called upon those nations duction of these substances to 50 percent which have not yet signed and ratified the of 1986 levels by the end of this year. Montreal Protocol to do so, and urged other Under the terms of the Clean Air Act nations to join the U.S. in accelerating the of 1990, which President Bush signed into phaseout of CFC’s and other ozone-deplet- law in November of 1990, the administration has authority to accelerate the phaseout ing gases even faster than required by the of these substances without new legislation. Protocol.

232 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / Feb. 12

Remarks Announcing the Bush-Quayle Candidacies for Reelection February 12, 1992

The President. Thank you all very much. one to hold them or call them by their And Barbara, thank you for those kind re- names. Our future rides on the important marks. And may I salute our Vice President, things, the big things: Family, home, school, Dan Quayle, just back from overseas, and church, community, and country. Marilyn. And my respects to the members We’re gathered here because the Amer- of our great Cabinet, and friends all. Thanks ican people wanted leadership, and we an- to all of you for this wonderful, warm recep- swered the call. We didn’t do the easy tion. things. We did the right things. From day I have an announcement to make. one, I fought for strong and effective na- [Laughter] I want to continue serving as tional defense. I stuck to my principles, and your President, 4 more years. So from this we kept strong, and we won the cold war. moment on, I’m a candidate for President And we stayed strong, and that enabled us of the United States, officially. to win a battle called Desert Storm. Let me tell you why I’m running. I came But we did far more than that. We liber- here to do important work, and I finish ated the entire world from old fears, fears what I start. In 1980 I came to Washington of tense, endless confrontation, fears of nu- as a part of a team. We started a revolution clear holocaust. Now our children grow up to free America from, you remember, the freed from the looming specter of nuclear politics of malaise and to set sail toward war. America’s destiny. Then in 1988, Dan But having won the cold war, we did Quayle and I began our own partnership more. We led nations away from ancient built on the same principles. hatreds and toward a table of peace. And My message then and my message now we did still more than that. We forged a is simple: I believe Government is too big, new world order, an order shaped by the and it costs too much. I believe in a strong sweat and sacrifice of our families, the sweat defense for this country and good schools, and sacrifice of generation upon generation safe streets, a Government really worthy of of American men and women. the people. I believe that parents, not Gov- Think of it: Two years ago, the Berlin ernment, should make the important deci- Wall came tumbling down. And last year, sions about health, child care, and edu- the Soviet Union collapsed. Imperial com- cation. I believe in personal responsibility. munism became a four-letter word: D-E- I believe in opportunity for all. We should A-D, dead. And today, because we stood throw open wide the doors of possibility to firm, because we did the right things, Amer- anyone who has been locked out. And I ica stands alone, the undisputed leader of believe in a piece of wisdom passed on by the world. We put an end to the decades my favorite political philosopher, Barbara of cold war and reaped a springtime harvest Bush: What happens in your house is more of peace. The American people should be important than what happens in the White proud of what together we have achieved. House. Now, together, we will transform the arse- You see, America’s future doesn’t take nal of democracy into the engine of growth. shape in small rooms with heavy, polished I understand the world. That’s crucial. wooden desks. It takes place in homes, But that’s not enough. I understand Amer- where parents read to their children, talk ica. And I know that American workers are about responsibility, teach them values, the most productive in the world, bar none. show them how to love one another, respect And I know, to succeed economically at one another, and work hard, and live good home, we need to lead economically abroad. lives. We must encourage families to remain If you want to lead in the world, you’ve strong and whole. We must extend our got to know the neighborhood. Economic hearts and hands to children who have no leadership means markets for Ameri-

233 Feb. 12 / Administration of George Bush, 1992 can products, jobs for American workers, our economy up and running at full speed. and growing room for the American dream. We’ll restore decency to the American way The American people do not believe in iso- of life. We will silence the voices of hatred lationism because they believe in them- and gloom. And we will attack programs selves. We Americans don’t hide from a that lock people in bleak dependency as we good test of our abilities. We rise to the work to reform our dismal welfare program. challenge. And after all, our national bird And we will, in the process, provide the is the eagle, not the ostrich. best kind of a welfare system imaginable, In 1992, the American people will decide good jobs for Americans able to work. And what kind of leadership they want. They’ll we will build the America of our dreams. decide which team has the character, the In my life, I’ve seen miracles, and I’ve experience, and the toughness to make the learned that no dream is too big for the important decisions. They could cast their American heart. When I was a little boy, lot with a lot of fresh faces who tout stale the world moved at an easy pace. Then ideas. But they won’t. Voters know the dif- came the Depression; then came a World ference between a sound bite and sound War. And in the fires of battle, I learned policy. freedom’s painful price. And I’ve seen won- Let’s not kid ourselves. We’re in a tough drous changes, new ideas and new tech- fight. But you know me: I don’t seek unnec- nologies, tempered by the humanity that essary conflict, but when principle is at makes us what we are. Amid the swells of stake, I fight to win. And I am determined change, gentle fundamentals anchor us still. to win. And I will win. This will be a long Decency, honor, hard work, caring: That’s campaign. That’s all right. Our campaign the America I know. will focus on the future, the only subject And I have been blessed in my life, that counts. We’ll fight hard. We’ll fight fair. blessed by Barbara and by a family that fills And we will win. me with wonder and joy and love. And I’m Abraham Lincoln, whose birth we cele- blessed with so many friends, friends like brate today, once told fellow Republicans, you. And I have been especially blessed be- ‘‘We will make converts day by day, and cause I have been given the opportunity to unless truth be a mockery and justice a hol- serve as your President, the President of low lie, we will be in the majority after a the United States. while. The battle of freedom is to be fought The glory of this century is America. And out on principle.’’ history will call this the American century And so be it. That’s the way it will be. because we fought the battle of freedom, For 3 years an entrenched opposition in and we won. And history will tell of a sec- Washington has clung to the old failed ways, ond American century when we led the not out of principle but out of sheer politics. world to new heights of achievement and They blocked our comprehensive efforts to liberty. This is our legacy. This is our chal- fight crime and drugs. They refused to join lenge. And this is our destiny. And together, the revolution in American education. They we will win. I am certain of that. stalled our efforts to cut taxes and slash reg- Thank you very, very much. And may ulation and encourage economic growth. God bless you. May God bless each and And then they complained that nothing got every one of you and our great country, done. the United States of America. Thank you This year we say: No more. To those who very, very much. want to obstruct progress, we say: Get moving, or get out of the way. We’ve got an agenda. Audience members. Four more years! Four more years! Four more years! The President. We’ve got an agenda, and Note: The President spoke at 10:10 a.m. at here’s what we will do: Together, we’ll get the J.W. Marriott Hotel.

234 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / Feb. 12

Remarks to the State Legislature in Concord, New Hampshire February 12, 1992

Mr. Speaker, thank you, sir, and Ellie. a vote. It’s time for the United States Con- Delighted to be with you. And Mr. Presi- gress to follow your lead. dent, Ed Dupont, and Andrea; and Mr. Twelve years ago, under the national lead- Chief Justice; members of the executive ership of my friend and yours, my sup- council; and of course, my special friend porter, President Ronald Reagan, this State Governor Gregg. I am just delighted to be helped spark a new American revolution, back here. And I want to single out three a revolution that marked the end of a weary visitors that have been introduced here just era and a new birth for freedom. Together a minute ago, Senator Rudman, Governor we made America proud. Together we Sununu, and Congressman Zeliff. I’m just made America strong. Together we made delighted that they’re back here with us America respected in the eyes of all the today. And my respects to a former United world. States Senator who has gone straight, one We fought great battles. We stood fast of your own, Gordon Humphrey, back here against imperial communism, and we now. watched walls the world over come tum- And ladies and gentlemen of the New bling down. For 45 years, we fought in the Hampshire State Legislature, first, my trenches of the cold war, and we won. And thanks for that warm welcome back. I de- let me tip my hat to every man and woman cided to come here today because I figured who ever served and to the American tax- it’s been a while since the people of New payer, because communism didn’t just fall. Hampshire have heard a political speech. It was pushed. [Laughter] Finally, just one year ago, we drew a line New Hampshire’s legislature is really the in the sand and helped defend a small na- living legacy of Lincoln’s words, of, by, and tion and a grand ideal. We said international for the people. I look out at all the remark- law would be upheld, and aggression would able men and women who balance the re- not stand. And with our coalition partners, sponsibilities of work and home with this we kicked Saddam Hussein out of Kuwait. public trust. What leads you to serve? It One thing more about Desert Storm. can’t be the salary. That’s not enough to There are those who didn’t support us then, cover two tickets to the Celtics games. But and there are those who second-guess us what sustains this State is a tradition as old now. Not New Hampshire. As Commander as America itself, a commitment to self-gov- in Chief, let me thank this legislature for ernment that stretches from Pittsburg to its resolution in support of Desert Storm. Pelham, from Claremont to Conway, to Half a world away, to the men and women every corner of this State. New Hampshire who carried the battle, your support gave looks to government as a last resort, not them the strength to succeed, knowing that as the first answer to each and every prob- the people were behind them. In those dif- lem. It doesn’t see people’s paychecks as ficult days, when our troops laid it on the potential revenue. Its rule is right: Limit line, New Hampshire did not hesitate. government, not freedom. We did these things because we had the This body governs itself the way we as courage to lead. And because we led, Amer- citizens want to be governed, by the rules ica is free. America is safe. America is at of common sense and fairplay. Up here, you peace. manage to avoid being enlightened by lib- Yes, dangers remain, dark corners of the eral economists. New Hampshire lawmakers world not yet blessed by freedom. No, our operate on the radical notion that a legisla- work in the world is not yet over. But the ture should spend no more than it takes great struggles we’ve won, the great in. New Hampshire lawmakers guarantee changes we’ve seen do more than open every bill a public hearing and every bill new worlds. They open new opportunities

235 Feb. 12 / Administration of George Bush, 1992 for us at home. And this we know: If we And what’s good for the families who can change the world, we can change Amer- want to buy that first-time home is good ica. But for us to move forward, for us to for the people who build them. Nationwide, lead the world, we’ve got to get America’s experts in the housing industry predict that economy moving again. my plan will create a boom in home- Last month, I spoke to the American peo- building. In this State alone, the plan will ple and spelled out my plan to pull this generate 1,000 new housing starts and country out of recession and into recovery. pump $120 million into the State economy. I know all of you have heard plenty about And that then, best of all, will put more plans that promise the Moon. But let me than 2,000 New Hampshire construction say to the citizens of New Hampshire, judge workers back on the job. my plan by its first principle: Government My plan will also help the pioneering is too big, and it spends too much. high-tech firms that call New Hampshire We put a stop order on new Federal reg- home. Pass this plan and give companies ulation. We’ve begun a 90-day review, 90 an investment tax allowance, helping grow- days to take a hard look at regulations that ing firms accelerate investment. Make the hurt more than they help. The day of over- R&E tax, that tax credit, a permanent part regulation is just that, over. of the Federal Tax Code. Pass my plan and We declared war on frivolous lawsuits. If get investment flowing again. Cut the cap- this country rewarded success as easily as ital gains rate to 15 percent. That is what we slap on a lawsuit, our economy would is needed. Pass my plan and give American be well on its way. companies a competitive edge. No games. We’ve worked to control spending. I’ve No gimmicks. Just a plan that works. Pass called on Congress to eliminate, cut out al- my plan and get New Hampshire moving together, 246 Federal programs. One thing again. would make it a little easier. Give me the tools, and I will finish the job. Give me Now, that’s a summary of my short-term that line-item veto, and watch what can be part of it, the short-term action plan. For done. the long term, we’ve got work to do as well, I took action with the authority that I steps we can take right now to guarantee have as President, and then I challenged progress and prosperity into the next Amer- the Congress to act. I set out a two-plan ican century. We get there by investing in part to ensure economic growth: an imme- the technologies of tomorrow—you’re good diate action plan to spark recovery and then at that here in New Hampshire—tomorrow, a long-term plan for the future. with Federal support of R&D at record lev- The people of New Hampshire have a els; it will help. We need to share the re- right to ask: We’ve been hit hard; too many sults, get the great ideas generated by pub- of us have lost our jobs, even lost our lic funds out into the private sector, off the homes; what will this plan do for us? Fair drawing board and onto store shelves. Our question. national technology initiative will do just First, my plan will bolster the real estate that. And right now at M.I.T., the first re- market. In New Hampshire and across the gional meeting is underway. country, real estate will lead the way to eco- We get to the future by letting the States nomic recovery. My plan helps New Hamp- do what they do best. Far too often, States shire homebuyers. It provides a $5,000 tax have their hands tied by Washington. Con- credit to first-time buyers: $2,500 this year, gress passes a mandate, and they pass you $2,500 next. And it lets them draw on their the buck. You get stuck raising taxes. New IRA accounts to make that purchase, pen- Hampshire’s constitution, I’m told, prevents alty-free. For the average New Hampshire this body from burdening communities with family buying the average New Hampshire unfunded mandates. Well, if it’s good house, my plan means tax breaks worth 6 enough for New Hampshire, why not for months of mortgage payments. For families the rest of the country? all over this State, that’s an American dream Look at the problems that plague us come true. today, crime, drugs, the erosion of moral

236 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / Feb. 12 values. Trace each one to its root, its root get into that government-owned—the gov- causes, and you’ll see one common factor, ernment computer market in Japan. That’s the decline of the American family. This a solid record in 3 years’ time, a good start country must reaffirm a simple truth: When that we’ll make even better. the family comes first, America is first. But free trade has come under attack We get to the future by strengthening the these days. The drumbeat mounts for some family. Look at our approach, for example, new isolationism; this one, an economic re- to child care. Our opponents backed a treat from reality. The simple truth is, pro- scheme that would have created a brave tectionism isn’t a prescription for prosperity. new child care bureaucracy. We preserved Boil away all the tough talk, all the swagger, choice, and we put parents first. My plan and all the patriotic posturing, and protec- puts the family first, this new one, and pro- tionism amounts to nothing more than a vides an extra $500 exemption for every smokescreen for a country that’s running child. scared. And that’s not the America you and And just last week I announced a com- I know. prehensive health care reform, reforms that The America we know is a country ready will keep costs down and open up access to take on the world and ready to rise to to affordable health care for all Americans, new levels, not run for cover. Our national providing new coverage to almost 30 million symbol isn’t the ostrich; it’s the eagle. And uninsured Americans. And we’ll do it that’s the way it should be. Never in this through choice, not through central control. Nation’s long history has America turned its We’ve got—and I think every American back on a challenge, and we are not going would admit this or claim it—we’ve the best to start now. A proud America will never quality health care in the world, the best. be protectionist. It will never be protection- And the last thing the American people ist. want is a system that puts the Government between you and your doctor. And we’re Bring it close to home, make no mistake not going to do that. about it, no State would be hurt more by Every parent knows our children are our economic isolationism than New Hamp- future. That’s why our health plan focuses shire. Right now, New Hampshire busi- on the children, increasing support for im- nesses reap more than $1.2 billion a year munization, the early prevention that gives from exports. Across this State, that’s 35,000 each kid a healthy start. And that’s why we jobs tied directly to foreign trade. And even are funding Head Start at an all-time high, in these hard times, New Hampshire’s man- and it’s the reason we’re asking more of ufacturing exports increased 80 percent in our schools. We must challenge ourselves the past 5 years alone. to revolutionize, to literally reinvent Amer- It’s an economic fact of life: If we close ican education. New Hampshire has joined our markets, other countries will close the nonpartisan America 2000 revolution. theirs. And when the walls go up, who gets Governor, we’re grateful to you for your hurt? That’s an easy one. You do. You get leadership. And let common sense be our hurt. And I cannot, and I will not, let that guide, and let common sense begin by let- happen to New Hampshire or to any of the ting parents choose which school is best for rest of the States in this country. We are their child. not going to have protectionism. We’re Finally, we meet America’s destiny by ex- going to compete, not cut and run. And panding trade, opening new markets for let the world know, we’re in this to win. American goods. I’m proud of the progress Two weeks ago, I urged the Congress to we’ve made, working to open markets from work with me to do the will of the American Asia to Europe to the Americas. Just this people. I laid out the action plan I’ve week, I signed a new investment accord, sketched, that I’ve outlined here, and yes, just yesterday, with the nations of Latin I set a deadline to help move the Congress America. Last month, the agreement we along the way. Today, back in Washington, reached with Japan will help computer com- maybe at this very minute, the House Ways panies right here in this State, help them and Means Committee is at work; they

237 Feb. 12 / Administration of George Bush, 1992 started work this morning. And I challenge people in this chamber, I ask the good peo- them once again to pass this short-term ac- ple of New Hampshire to give me your tion plan, seven specific actions to stimulate, strong support and send a message to the immediately stimulate the economy. They Congress. Tell them the time has come to say they are taking up my plan, but they act. are not. Today is a special day for me, for Barbara, So I’ll say again: Don’t relabel my plan. for my family as well. I think back across Don’t change it. Don’t use it as a way to the years to the lesson I learned long ago, raise tax rates. Just pass this plan, and give and I look ahead in wonder to what can the American people a chance to see wheth- be. And I know there is no higher honor er it’s going to work, as I’m confident it than serving this great Nation. will. And look, later on—get this passed— I want to thank you. I want to thank you, later on we can all debate it, put it out New Hampshire, for this warm welcome. there in the political arena, add to it, detract And may God bless this land we share. We from it. We can all have a big, strong de- have much to be grateful for in these trou- bate. bled times, and I want to be your leader It must sound strange to the people in for 4 more years. Thank you very much, this chamber, strange for you legislators and may God bless the United States of who meet for only 45 days a year to hear America. Thank you. Congress complain that 52 days isn’t enough time to get this done. They say the deadline is arbitrary. They say the deadline is too Note: The President spoke at 2:10 p.m. at early. They say the deadline is unfair. the statehouse. In his remarks, he referred And I say: The deadline is March 20, and to Harold W. Burns, speaker of the New we’re going to hold their feet to the fire. Hampshire House, and his wife, Ellie; Ed- By March 20th, I want to be able to report ward C. Dupont, Jr., president of the New to the American people that the liberation Hampshire Senate, and his wife, Andrea; of America’s economy has begun. I ask the and David A. Brock, State chief justice.

Remarks to Law Enforcement Officers and Firefighters in Concord February 12, 1992

Thanks for that welcome back. And Dick, ienced your families, but we are very grate- thank you so very much, and may I salute ful to each and every one of you. And of you, sir; the Governor, of course. And we’ve course, we’re grateful for your service to got our officials here, Senator Rudman, your State, and we’re grateful for your line Congressman Zeliff, and former Governor of service. I hope that our administration John Sununu. And I’m just delighted to be will stay with this position of backing the here. firefighters and backing those out in law en- Before I say anything else, I see some forcement all the way. new faces in law enforcement here and fire- I want to just mention a couple of things fighting. And I see some older faces in law today in terms of the changes in the world. enforcement and, sorry, firefighting here. I won’t give you the full load on foreign [Laughter] But I just want to say that Bar- policy or the changes that have happened. bara and I are grateful to those of you with But you know, we’re having some tough whom we’ve interacted over the last 12 times here. And I think it’s good that we years in one way or another, mainly over sometimes keep things in full perspective. on the eastern part of the State, over on We’ve seen an awful lot of change in the the seacoast. So many of you have had these world in the last few years. We’ve seen odd hours, and I’m sure we’ve inconven- communism crumble in Eastern Europe.

238 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / Feb. 12

Many of you are young enough to have re- have all of the political debate and the polit- membered when you climbed under the ical arguments afterward. But let’s pass desks as schoolchildren for the antinuclear these seven points. And I’ve been challeng- drills that we had in those days. And thank ing the Congress today to do that, and I God that the world has changed enough so hope those of you that agree with me will that your kids and my grandkids don’t have weigh in, although our Members of Con- quite as much to worry about on that front. gress here are very well in tune with this I, of course, was proud of the way New and way out front in support of it. So, the Hampshire responded, starting with the leg- deadline is March 20th, and we’re going to islature’s endorsement but really beginning go after them in every way possible. with the service of the men and women We’ve all heard the saying, and you all from this State that served in Desert Storm. have lived it, really, ‘‘Take a bite out of It was a superb operation. And there was crime.’’ Well, Congress got a little back- a pride across this State, I’m sure, that still wards; they took a bite out of our crime exists, pride in the way this country and bill. What we’re trying to do there is to this State came together in support of those pass a strong anticrime bill that will support young men and women. And they served the law enforcement officers of this country. us well, and they set a great example. There’s one that does transcend party, and And you know, these are cynical days now it should transcend ideology, liberal or con- because we’re in this crazy political season. servative. It is just sound common sense. And it’s a dance that we go through every I hope that you all will take a look at it 4 years. But I can tell you from a good because it backs the police officers. It backs deal of experience dealing with other coun- those that are out there in DEA or wher- tries that we are the envy of the world. And we are clearly the leader of the world. ever else they are in this antinarcotics fight, And as long as I’m President, I’m going to and it puts in tough provisions. There are do my level-best to see that we remain the some 60 tough provisions that have been leader of the free world. avoided by the Congress that need to be I do not want to make this a partisan passed. political appearance. It’s hard not to these I know that some of these prosecutors days, but I don’t want to do it. But I did want the bill that’s before the Congress to make a pitch to the legislature today for be vetoed or not to be passed. I want to support for an economic program that see a strong bill. We’ve still got a chance avoids the quick fixes, that would stimulate now with the new Congress to get a strong the economy, particularly the homebuying bill that will back you in your work. We business and homebuilding business in this do not need loopholes for violent criminals, country. We’ve put forward some incentives, and I will fight against that. And I will fight laserlike incentives that, in my view and in to toughen the law and have the law that’s the view of most economists that have a little kinder and gentler to the victim of looked at it, would really stimulate that area crime and a little less so to the criminal. of the economy that has normally led this And that’s our philosophy, and we’re going country out of recession. I’m talking about to work on it. the real estate business generally, and I’m So, the last thing I would say to you all talking about homebuying and home- is that these are tough times, I know. But building. And so, take a look at that. I hope I will say this, that I am very privileged and that it’s something that will have the broad proud to be the President of the United support, transcending party, all across this States. All these kids come up and, ‘‘Can I country. have a question?’’ ‘‘What is it?’’ ‘‘What’s it Actually, I’ve set a deadline for the like to be President?’’ And they ask this all United States Congress, saying, look, we can the time. It’s not an easy question to answer get this thing done. So I set a deadline in because it’s a great big country, and we that State of the Union Message for March have enormous responsibilities around the 20th. I said, ‘‘Let’s move by then. We can world. But the more I think about that and do it.’’ And we can do it. And then we can the more I look at my own personal life and

239 Feb. 12 / Administration of George Bush, 1992 try to figure things out for the future, the standing up here. But we Bushes count our more grateful I am for family and the more blessings for friends. And we are very, very grateful I am for friends. grateful to all of you for this warm recep- You might think when you got to be tion, and we won’t let you down. Thank President that some other things would you very, very much. transcend all of this, but they don’t. And I think of people in this room—and I won’t embarrass anyone by singling them out— Note: The President spoke at 2:52 p.m. at whether they’re firefighters or whether the Department of Safety in the James H. they’re police officers or in the State or Hayes Building. In his remarks, he referred local police or whether they’re superintend- to Richard M. Flynn, commissioner, New ents or whether they’re bosses, like some Hampshire Department of Safety.

Remarks to U.S. FIRST in Manchester, New Hampshire February 12, 1992

Let me just say first, thanks to Dean tration has put the Federal Government’s Kamen, the brains behind this effort. There scientific brainpower and labs to work, were a lot of support brains working with teaching high school students about real-life it, too. And a little education right here and science. Our national technology initiative I’ve done a little homework on all the work, will create new partnership to move tech- the marvelous work that’s been done here. nology out of the labs and into the market- And I wish I could be at the inaugural of place. the FIRST Encounters contest. And this America 2000 that I’m so enthu- By creating this imaginative new partner- siastic about, our national education ap- ship between industry and education you proach, strategy, is revolutionizing, literally, all are taking a first step, a big step forward our Nation’s schools. And you add it all up, in meeting our goal of making America the and new technology means new products number one in science education. Math and and new jobs and new economic growth. science, that’s the key to the future, to our When I put forth as one of our six na- being competitive. tional education goals making America’s stu- And I want to thank the various officials dents the first in science and math, I knew that are with us: Dr. Schmitt, the president it was a tough challenge. But I knew that of RPI; Jerry Fisher, Baxter Health Care; challenge would bring out the best in all Ray Price, the president of the Economic of us, our teachers, our students, our indus- Club of New York; Richard Osborne, the tries, and our parents. And I’m sure the president of U.S. FIRST, and Donald Reed, competition here in Manchester is going to the chairman. be fierce, but I also know that, no matter In the 21st century we’re going to face who wins, no one is going to lose. And how a technology race the likes of which we’ve you play the game is what matters here. never seen. But competition makes us And you learn about engineering, but you’ll strong. And American workers in my view also experience the joy of learning. can outthink, outproduce, outcompete any- And I talk about competition: It’s going body, anywhere. And competition made us to be active here, and it’s going to be active number one, and competition is going to abroad. But let me just say to the young keep us there. And it compels us to do our people: Please do not listen to the siren’s best. And it stimulates the desire to win. call that says, we can’t compete, and we’ve How America does at the technology race got to turn inward, and we have to resort finish line depends on how we prepare the to isolationism or protectionism. I am con- next generation for the starting line. And fident that the young people here today are to teach this new generation, our adminis- going to be able to compete with anyone

240 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / Feb. 12 around the world at any time. Note: The President spoke at 5:45 p.m. at And so we’re looking outward. We’re the Technology Center, the headquarters of looking for more exports and more pro- U.S. FIRST (For Inspiration and Recogni- ficiency in math and science. And I believe, tion of Science and Technology). In his re- thanks to Mr. Kamen and others who are marks, he referred to Dean L. Kamen, committed here, we can get the job done. founder of U.S. FIRST, and Roland Schmitt, Thank you, sir, for having me here today. president of Rensselaer Polytechnic Insti- tute. A tape was not available for verification of the content of these remarks.

Statement by Press Secretary Fitzwater on the National Technology Initiative February 12, 1992

The President today endorsed a February have commercial potential. It also will stress 12, 1992, conference at the Massachusetts recent changes in Federal policies designed Institute of Technology to launch the na- to foster private sector cooperation in com- tional technology initiative. mercializing technology. The President today in New Hampshire Secretary of Energy James D. Watkins, said, ‘‘Look to the long-term, and we’ve got Acting Commerce Secretary Rockwell A. work to do . . . steps we can take right Schnabel, Acting Transportation Secretary now to guarantee progress and prosperity James B. Busey, and NASA Administrator into the next American century. We get Richard Truly described the joint initiative there by investing in the technologies of to- as a way to address one of the key chal- morrow . . . with Federal support of R&D lenges facing industry: the need to translate at record levels .... We need to share new technologies into marketplace goods the results, get the great ideas generated and services. Encouraging closer coopera- by public funds out into the private sector, tion among U.S. companies and better links off the drawing board and onto store with Federal laboratories is a central ele- shelves. Our national technology initiative ment of the initiative. will do just that.... at M.I.T., the first The M.I.T. conference and subsequent regional meeting is underway.’’ meetings around the country will provide The conference is the first of a series of an opportunity for a discussion among Gov- regional meetings intended to spur U.S. ernment, industry, and universities and in- economic competitiveness by promoting a crease awareness of Federal science and better understanding of the opportunities technology programs that can benefit U.S. for industry to commercialize new tech- firms. In recent years, Congress and the nology advances. The program will highlight Bush administration have taken steps to bet- the Federal Government’s investment in ad- ter enable the private sector to commer- vanced technologies, much of which may cialize federally supported research.

Statement on the Resignation of Richard H. Truly as Administrator of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration February 12, 1992

I have today regretfully accepted the res- trator of the National Aeronautics and ignation of Richard H. Truly as Adminis- Space Administration.

241 Feb. 12 / Administration of George Bush, 1992

It was almost 3 years ago that I nomi- under Dick Truly’s able leadership and nated Dick to become Administrator of steady hand that NASA was able to rebuild NASA. As a result of his leadership, NASA the space shuttle program and return it to is better prepared for the 1990’s and be- safe operation in 1988. yond. He has established a balanced space The Nation owes Admiral Truly a great program, and he has worked closely with debt of gratitude, and Barbara joins me at the Vice President in developing our space this time in extending to Dick and his family exploration initiative that begins with Space our heartfelt thanks and the admiration and Station Freedom. appreciation of our Nation. Admiral Truly has now spent 37 years of dedicated public service with lasting and Admiral Truly has agreed to remain with fundamental contributions to the Nation’s NASA until April 1, and the search for a space program. He has had many significant new NASA Administrator has begun. Be- and historic milestones in his career, but cause of Dick’s work, I am confident that one of the most notable was the way he we will continue to press forward with an took over NASA’s Office of Space Flight aggressive and innovative civil space pro- soon after the Challenger tragedy. It was gram.

Letter Accepting the Resignation of Richard H. Truly as Administrator of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration February 12, 1992

Dear Dick: You have served in many important posi- It is with deep regret that I accept your tions throughout your career and have re- resignation from the position of Adminis- ceived numerous awards. The Nation owes trator of the National Aeronautics and you a great debt of gratitude for your 37 Space Administration. years of dedicated public service and the Almost three years ago, I nominated you significant contributions you have made to to become Administrator of NASA. As a re- America’s flight and aerospace achieve- sult of your leadership, NASA is better pre- ments. pared for the 1990s and beyond. You have Barbara joins me in extending to you and established a balanced NASA program in- your family our heartfelt thanks and the ad- cluding aeronautics, space science, manned miration and appreciation of our Nation. Space Shuttle operations—including the up- Best wishes. coming addition of the Endeavour—and Sincerely, robotic space exploration. Working with the Vice President, you developed our Space GEORGE BUSH Exploration Initiative that begins with Space Station Freedom. f Some of the significant and historic milestones in your career include piloting the second flight of the Space Shuttle in 1981 Dear Mr. President: and commanding the first night launch and It is with the deepest regret that I submit landing of the Shuttle in 1983. But one of this letter of resignation as the Adminis- the most notable was the way you took over trator of NASA. As we discussed when we NASA’s Office of Space Flight soon after met today, and because NASA is without the Challenger tragedy. Under your leader- a Deputy, I will remain until April 1. ship, NASA was able to rebuild the Space This action will conclude almost 37 years Shuttle program and return it to safe oper- of continuous military and government servation in 1988. ice for me. I have been unbelievably

242 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / Feb. 14 privileged to have had so many challenging our country’s competitiveness are bound- assignments in aviation, space flight, military less. Their achievements result from work- command and public administration over ing daily in a fishbowl world of difficult and these years. In our nation’s space business, exacting tasks, tough judgments and care- I have enjoyed jobs in every corner of it; fully balanced risks; not an endeavor which civilian and military, highly classified and some would have you think has quick, bril- open, flight and management. liant and easy solutions. In the last six years since I arrived to I think that the job of leading these peo- join the NASA leadership just after the ple is the best one in Washington, and I Challenger tragedy, I have watched the tal- am proud to have had that privilege. Cody ented men and women of this elite agency and I particularly want to thank you and turn heartbreak and disarray into the im- Barbara for the personal times you have pressive achievements and superb organiza- shared with us over the years. tion of today. With 20 safe and successful Sincerely, Shuttle flights in the last 40 months, scientific discoveries pouring in, Space Station RICHARD H. TRULY Freedom on track, and our wind tunnels testing the airframes and spacecraft of to- Note: These letters were made available by morrow, they deserve to be very, very the Office of the Press Secretary on Feb- proud. With your support, their opportuni- ruary 13 but were not issued as White ties to inspire America’s people and drive House press releases.

Memorandum on the Conventional Forces in Europe Treaty Implementation Act February 13, 1992

Memorandum for the Secretary of State, the by section 93(f) of the Act. Consistent with Secretary of Defense section 2 of the Act, transfers of defense Subject: Delegation of Authority with articles under section 93(a) shall be subject Respect to the Conventional Forces in to the policy direction of the Secretary of Europe Treaty Implementation Act State, including the determination of whether such transfers shall occur. By virtue of the authority vested in me The Secretary of State is authorized and by the Constitution and laws of the United directed to publish this memorandum in the States of America, including section 301 of Federal Register. title 3 of the United States Code, I hereby delegate to the Secretary of Defense the GEORGE BUSH functions vested in me by section 93(a) and section 94 of the Arms Export Control Act, [Filed with the Office of the Federal Reg- as amended (the ‘‘Act’’), and to the Sec- ister, 3:23 p.m., February 25, 1992] retary of State the functions vested in me

243 Feb. 14 / Administration of George Bush, 1992

Message to Congress Transmitting a Report on Science and Engineering Indicators February 14, 1992

To The Congress of the United States: neering research to the well-being of our Pursuant to 42 U.S.C. 1863(j)(1), I am Nation is widely recognized. Science and submitting to the Congress a report of the engineering play a vital role in maintaining National Science Board entitled Science & our Nation’s defense, improving its health, Engineering Indicators—1991. This report and increasing its economic productivity. is the 10th in a continuing series examining GEORGE BUSH key aspects of the status of American science and engineering. The White House, The importance of scientific and engi- February 14, 1992.

Message to the Senate Transmitting the Antarctic Treaty Protocol on Environmental Protection February 14, 1992

To the Senate of the United States: quired to provide for response to environ- I transmit herewith, for the advice and mental emergencies, including the develop- consent of the Senate to ratification, the ment of joint contingency plans. Protocol on Environmental Protection to Detailed mandatory rules for environ- the Antarctic Treaty, with Annexes, which mental protection pursuant to these require- was done at Madrid October 4, 1991, and ments are incorporated in a system of anan additional Annex, done at Bonn October nexes, forming an integral part of the Proto- 17, 1991. I also transmit for the information col. Specific annexes on environmental im- of the Senate the report of the Department pact assessment, conservation of Antarctic of State with respect to the Protocol. fauna and flora, waste disposal and waste The Protocol designates Antarctica as a management, and the prevention of marine natural reserve, devoted to peace and pollution were adopted with the Protocol. science, and provides for an indefinite ban on mineral resource activities there. It spe- A fifth annex on area protection and man- cifically prohibits all activities relating to agement was adopted October 17, 1991, by Antarctic mineral resources, except for sci- the Antarctic Treaty Consultative Parties at entific research, with the proviso that this the Sixteenth Antarctic Treaty Consultative prohibition cannot be amended by less than Meeting. Provision is also made for addi- unanimous agreement of the Antarctic Trea- tional annexes to be developed following ty Consultative Parties for at least 50 years entry into force of the Protocol. The Proto- after entry into force of the Protocol. col establishes a Committee on Environ- The Protocol requires Parties to protect mental Protection to provide advice and Antarctic fauna and flora and imposes strict recommendations to the Antarctic Treaty limitations on disposal of wastes in Antarc- Consultative Meetings on the implementa- tica and discharge of pollutants into Ant- tion of the Protocol. arctic waters. It also requires application of The Protocol incorporates provisions to environmental impact assessment proce- ensure effective compliance with its re- dures to activities undertaken in Antarctica, quirements, including compulsory and bind- including nongovernmental activities, for ing procedures for settlement of disputes which advance notice is required under the relating to mineral resource activities, envi- Antarctic Treaty. Parties are further re- ronmental impact assessment and emergen-

244 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / Feb. 14 cy response action, as well as over the de- the unique form of international coopera- tailed rules included in the annexes. tion it has fostered. I believe the Protocol, with its Annexes, I recommend that the Senate give early to be fully in the U.S. interest. Its provisions and favorable consideration to the Protocol advance basic U.S. goals of protecting the on Environmental Protection to the Ant- environment of Antarctica, preserving the arctic Treaty, with Annexes, and give its ad- unique opportunities Antarctica offers for vice and consent to ratification. scientific research of global significance, and GEORGE BUSH maintaining Antarctica as a zone of peace. Its conclusion represents an important step The White House, in strengthening the Antarctic Treaty and February 14, 1992.

The President’s News Conference in Belcamp, Maryland February 14, 1992

The President. Let me just make a quick Home Builders are with us today also. And statement here. Today many families all that organization, and I’ll let them speak across America share the same hope of own- for themselves, but that organization esti- ing their own home. But hard times have mates that if Congress passes my plan by put a hold on the dream. And to these March 20th, we will create 415,000 new young families I made a pledge, and that construction industry jobs and generate $20 is that we will help you get your dream billion in new economic activity, these fig- within reach. ures from the experts. And I submitted to Congress an action And so I would ask you to ask one expert plan to help the economy, not hurt the tax- right here standing with me here, John payer. And I sent this plan to the House Colvin, and he tells me that if Congress and the Senate. Brought it along, great big passes my plan by March 20th, he expects thing here. It includes a $5,000 tax credit to add an additional 90 homes to the 256 for first-time homebuyers and a tax break he already plans to sell and build in 1992. for middle-class families. It’s all there. Now, that’s 355 new homes here at And we do not need to raise taxes in Arborview, homes within reach of the mid- order to get this economy moving again. We dle-class buyers. need to cut the taxes and cut spending. And Two days after the State of the Union I’ve asked Congress for nothing flashy, just I sent a plan to Congress to get our econ- common sense, good common sense. And omy moving this spring. Now, let me tell as I told these people I’ve been working with, construction workers and would-be you what happened to the plan this week. homebuyers, I want that $5,000 tax credit Wednesday, the majority, the Democrats on for first-time homebuyers and penalty-free the Ways and Means Committee in the withdrawals from IRA’s for the purchase of House voted against my plan twice. And just a first home. I want a modification in the yesterday in a closed meeting the Demo- tax rules that currently discourage real es- crats surfaced a scheme that raises taxes tate investors; it’s known as the passive loss and, more importantly for you, everyone rule. And furthermore, I want a cut in the here, I think, kills my plan to help these capital gains tax to boost real estate values first-time homebuyers. and heat up the housing market, especially Many firms in the housing industry have with interest rates at such low levels. reached the make-or-break point. And so And I told them that my plan will work. I’ve set a deadline for the Congress to act, They’re the experts here, but some rep- you heard it in the State of the Union, resentatives of the National Association of March 20th, 35 days from today. Make a

245 Feb. 14 / Administration of George Bush, 1992 note of that date. for politics later on, after March 20th. We But remember, anyone who wants to buy ought to pass this one. Ask the head of the a home like this, under my plan, would get Home Builders, Jay down here. I mean, this a $5,000 tax credit. And under the Demo- is their business, and they’ll tell you that crats’ current package, they would get zero. that alone will have an enormously stimula- And I’ve asked these good people here tive effect. today to tell Congress not to send me a So, I’m asking them to say, let’s set aside package that I have to veto on carrying a the politics as usual, get this part done, and tax increase. The Democrats refuse to pass then I’ll go to battle stations with them on my plan out of the committee, and instead how I think the rest of this program should they are considering a package that would be enacted. But it’s too urgent now. The raise these taxes. And because it’s not paid economy’s getting ready to move. Interest for, it would trigger cuts in the Medicare rates are down. Inflation is down. Every- benefits. thing’s not all gloomy. But what it needs The American people, I really believe, is a stimulative push right now. And it’s want action. And they will not stand for this good for the homebuyer. It’s good for the maneuver there in the committee. I’m hop- homebuilder. It’s good for the community. ing the whole House of Representatives— Each one of these jobs, I was told in here, Helen will do a better job on this, and each one of these houses stimulates a lot Wayne, our other Congressman with me of other jobs, whether it’s in landscaping here today—they need to pass this plan and business or finishing these units out or all to quit playing kind of partisan, election- kinds of things, highway construction, what- year politics. ever it might be. So that’s what I would So I’m glad to take this opportunity to say. encourage the Congress to move. And on Q. Mr. President, what’s wrong with a tax this bill, this rifleshot approach that we increase on the wealthy as part of that? have, it can be done almost overnight. It The President. We don’t need any tax in- literally—it is not that complicated. There creases. What we need to do is stimulate are seven stimulative tax provisions in here, the economy. And every time they aim at and it will get the job done. It will really the wealthy, you hit these guys. That’s just move this economy. the way it works. And so why divide, kind And so, I hope that everybody, regardless of keep trying to divide America class of political affiliation, will weigh in with the against class? Why not get on with stimulat- Congress and help us get this done. ing this economy so everybody’s going to So that is it. And thank you all very, very have a piece of a bigger pie? That’s the much. way I look at it. Everybody read this, and I’m going to give you a quiz now on this. [Laughter] Q. Are you trying to compromise with them, though, Mr. President, to sit down Economic Plan and—— Q. Mr. President, the Democrats say your The President. I don’t want to com- March 20 plan is too front-end loaded for promise. I want them to pass this, and then the rich. we’ll get into a negotiation on this big baby The President. That doesn’t look like it here. And there’s a lot of things in there to me, a $5,000 tax credit for first-time that are very important. I’m all for the pro- homeowner. That doesn’t seem to me to vision on the child care credit, for example. be helping the rich. It seems to me to be But what I think is most important to the helping people own a home. It seems to country now is to stimulate the economy me to be stimulating the housing business. where it will begin to move forward on jobs. So that’s the charge, I understand, but This will restore confidence. One of the I wish they’d get out here and talk to some problems we’ve had in this economy is the people that are working in these buildings lack of confidence. And a couple of guys and maybe talk to some that aspire to own standing over here near this truck said, a home. You know, there’s plenty of time ‘‘Well, I’m beginning to get a little better

246 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / Feb. 14 feel for it. This will give it a boost.’’ And tive on black colleges and universities. Do I really think that’s the approach we ought you know why Robert Goodwin was fired? to take. Get this done, and then let’s have The President. No, but I certainly have the debate wherever it may be, on taxing a lot of respect for Dr. Cheek and would the rich or taxing somebody else. like to talk to him about that. But I don’t. Marlin predicted yesterday to you all, they’re going to come out with a tax in- New Hampshire Primary crease. It was 12 hours later that I read in the paper a great big bill that was going Q. Mr. President, Pat Buchanan says your to do just exactly that. And so, I’m just proposal is a cynical betrayal of the middle going to keep urging and trying to get the class. support of the American people to go for The President. Well, I’d vowed to try to this stimulative package. I really think that’s get through this election without responding what’s needed. to him, and I think I’ve got a good chance Q. Mr. President, did you just say that because the election is Tuesday up there. you’re open to negotiating a tax increase And I’m going to keep on doing that, keep once—— my sights focused on what’s going to help The President. No. No. I’m glad you put this economy, country; what’s going to help, that—I said I’m glad to be talking about in this instance, stimulate the housing in- this whole package later on, but not nego- dustry. And then I’ll be prepared to engage. tiating a tax increase. Thank you for letting But this is too important. And I really mean me clear that up. it. Q. But you appeared to leave the door So, I’ve been able to absorb these shots open, sir. in New Hampshire from all sides. It’s not The President. Well, let me close it right just him. They’re all having a field day. But here: Wham! [Laughter] We don’t need it. what I’m trying to do is get the country Thank you. Thank you, Jim [Jim moving, and then I’ll come out with my Miklaszewski, NBC News]. No, I’m glad he dukes up and ready to do battle. But this raised it because sometimes they think I’m is too important to get it caught up in a little less than clear in what I say. charge and countercharge; it really is. Q. Do you agree with Marlin’s character- And I’m a competitor, and I don’t like ization of the Democrats on the tax and being the javelin catcher. But I really be- Ways and Means Committee as weasels? lieve this, I really believe that if we can The President. Well, I thought—I can’t somehow—if I can preserve the climate in remember exactly what he—I thought it was which to get this done, that’s the best poli- eloquent, but I don’t want to agree with tics, and I know it’s the best approach for him until I go back and review exactly what our country. So, I’m going to stay with this. he said. Q. How competitive are you going to be Q. Are they weasels? in New Hampshire, Mr. President? Q. Are you confirmed that a tax cut now Mr. Fitzwater. Final question, please. will do long-term damage to the economy? The President. How what? The President. No, I don’t think so. I Q. How competitive will you be in New think this kind of stimulative effect, which Hampshire? How will you do? is paid for under our plan, is a good thing The President. Well, I think I’ve got a to do. And I also think that if the economy good chance to win. Is that what you mean? does what I think it will when stimulated, [Laughter] it will just create more and more jobs, and Q. Well, how well do you think you’ll do? that, of course, would mean more and more Will Pat Buchanan get 42 percent of the revenues. vote? The President. Oh, I’m going to stay out Robert Goodwin of the prediction business. A guy asked me Q. James Cheek sees a hostile environ- the other day, he said, ‘‘What do you have ment following the dismissal of Robert to have to win?’’ I said, ‘‘Help me will you. Goodwin who heads your office, your initia- What does it take to win the Super Bowl? I

247 Feb. 14 / Administration of George Bush, 1992 can’t remember.’’ The guy said ‘‘One point.’’ Delich Bentley and Wayne T. Gilchrest; Jay Thank you very much, thank you very Buchert, president of the National Associa- much. [Laughter] tion of Home Builders; James E. Cheek, chairman of the President’s Board of Advi- Note: The President’s 121st news conference sors on Historically Black Colleges and Uni- began at 2:35 p.m. at the Arborview at Riv- versities; and Robert K. Goodwin, executive erside construction site, Belcamp, MD. In director of the White House initiative on the news conference, the following persons historically black colleges and universities. were referred to: John Colvin, president of Following the news conference, the Presi- Questar Builders; Representatives Helen dent returned to Washington, DC.

Nomination of George J. Terwilliger III To Be Deputy Attorney General February 14, 1992

The President today announced his inten- mont, 1986; and Assistant U.S. Attorney in tion to nominate George J. Terwilliger III, Vermont, 1981–1986. From 1978 to 1981, of Vermont, to be Deputy Attorney General Mr. Terwilliger served as Assistant U.S. At- at the Department of Justice. He would torney for the District of Columbia. succeed William Pelham Barr. Mr. Terwilliger graduated from Seton Currently Mr. Terwilliger serves as Prin- Hall University (B.A., 1973) and Antioch cipal Associate Deputy Attorney General at School of Law (J.D., 1978). He was born the U.S. Department of Justice in Washing- June 5, 1950, in New Brunswick, NJ. Mr. ton, DC. Prior to this, he served as U.S. Terwilliger is married, has three children, Attorney for the District of Vermont, 1986– and resides in Oakton, VA. 1990; First Assistant U.S. Attorney for Ver-

Nomination of Marc Allen Baas To Be United States Ambassador to Ethiopia February 14, 1992

The President today announced his inten- Naval War College in Newport, RI, 1984– tion to nominate Marc Allen Baas, of Flor- 1985. From 1980 to 1984, Mr. Baas served ida, a career member of the Senior Foreign as Deputy Economic Counselor and Re- Service, class of Minister-Counselor, to be source Officer at the U.S. Embassy in Ambassador Extraordinary and Pleni- Tokyo, Japan. potentiary of the United States of America Mr. Baas graduated from American Uni- to Ethiopia. He would succeed Frederick versity (B.A., 1970). He was born June 23, L. Chapin. 1948, in Grand Rapids, MI. Mr. Baas served Currently Mr. Baas serves as Charge´ d’Af- in the District of Columbia National Guard, faires for the U.S. Embassy in Addis Ababa, 1970. He is married and resides in Wash- Ethiopia. Prior to this, he served as Deputy ington, DC. Chief of Mission in the U.S. Embassy in Kinshasa, Zaire, 1987–1991; Deputy Chief of Mission at the U.S. Embassy in Lome, Togo, 1985–1987; and a student at the

248 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / Feb. 15

Remarks at the Door-to-Door Kickoff Rally in Nashua, New Hampshire February 15, 1992

The President. Thank you so much. And day, I’m told, New Hampshire voters were first, let me thank our great campaign man- subjected to flat, outright lies about this ager, our leader up here, our chairman, plan. This plan includes many things, in- Judd Gregg, the Governor of this State. cluding deductions for student loans and, What a job he’s done. And from the neigh- perhaps most important, a tax relief provi- boring State, Governor Bill Weld, doing a sion for families with children. It’s there. superb job for the principles we believe in, It’s in this bill. And I want the Congress and also Paul Cellucci, my longtime friend to move on this just as soon as possible. who is a great Lieutenant Governor of Mas- And it must be done in this session of Con- sachusetts, here with us today. Speaking of gress. Keep the pressure on the Congress. Governors, I’m proud to be with the former And in addition, in addition, I’ve broken Governor of this State, John Sununu. And out seven of my proposals that would have there’s another former Governor who’s the greatest immediate effect on stimulating helped me so much, Hugh Gregg, who’s this economy. These should be the least around here someplace. And also, may I controversial provisions. I’ve asked Congress thank Senator Warren Rudman, the great to put politics aside now, take a look at Senator from New Hampshire; Congress- each one of them, and to move now. Inter- man Bill Zeliff with us today; the distin- est rates are low. Inflation is low. The guished Members of Congress, my friends gloom-and-doom candidates are wrong. The from Washington and other States that are way to help the people in this State who with us, three of them here today; and then desperately need help is to get Congress John Stabile, our finance chairman. We’ve to set aside politics long enough to pass the got a first-class team, and I’m glad to see seven incentives in this bill. And they ought all of you as a part of it. Thank you. to do it. Let me be very clear as to why I’m here. The key provisions—you know this I want to lead this country for another 4 State—the key provision, a $5,000 tax credit years. And I ask for your support. to help people buy their first home. And Audience members. Four more years! for New Hampshire this year, 1,000 new Four more years! Four more years! housing starts and 2,000 construction jobs The President. Having watched this, if Congress will only get going and pass this sometimes close in and sometimes from bill. afar, I really honestly believe that the peo- And in these incentives there’s also an ple of New Hampshire are a little bit tired investment tax allowance, stimulate the pur- of all the negative advertisements and all chase of capital equipment; capital gains cut the attack-dog tactics coming from the left so that businesses can invest and hire more and coming from the right. What they want people. That’s money to buy equipment, to to do is see progress for the State of New upgrade the plants, to create new jobs now. Hampshire, not listen to a lot of political And this plan can help New Hampshire carping. homebuyers and homebuilders literally as I will continue with a positive campaign. early as this spring. And it can help business I will continue to lead this country. And buy new equipment and hire more people first, on the economy, I have sent a com- as early as this spring. prehensive plan to the United States Con- Now, I’ve sent forward this solid action gress. And it was so heavy I asked Barbara plan. But it can only help the people of if she would carry it. Here it is. Here it New Hampshire now if the Congress moves is. Everybody read it, and we’re going to now. And you know, the New Hampshire have a quiz afterward here. [Laughter] Legislature is in session, I’m told, 45 days The reason I held that up is this: Yester- a year. Now, I gave Congress a deadline, to

249 Feb. 15 / Administration of George Bush, 1992

March 20th. That’s 52 days to pass this lit- Hampshire is going to decide what kind of tle—52 days to pass this straightforward, leadership is right for the nineties. And commonsense, compact program. It is an that’s what makes the decision here on action plan, nothing fancy. And I say give Tuesday so important for our country. Vot- them that, give the people of this State this ers here will decide which candidate has legislation, and you watch this economy the experience and the leadership to do move forward. And you watch the pain and right for you and to do right for your kids. suffering be relieved. And ladies and gentlemen, I’m in a tough But Warren Rudman knows this, and Bill race, but I’ve been in tough races before. Zeliff, our great Congressman, knows this. And the stakes are high, not just for me Wednesday, the Ways and Means Commit- but for you and for this country. I need tee’s Democrats, every one of them, voted your help, and I am asking for your support. against this plan twice. And Thursday, in You know, I’ve been around the track a closed meeting, they surfaced a scheme some, and these campaigns are rough, per- that, you guessed it, raises taxes and kills haps roughest on the voters. But this year this plan for first-time homebuyers. And this the New Hampshire voters have been sub- campaign, you hear a lot about sending jected to literally millions of dollars of nega- messages. Well, my request to the people tive attacks, the kind that tear people down, of this State is, send the Congress a mes- don’t offer any solutions, but tear down the sage: Pass this plan by March 20th. It can other guy. And I am confident, very con- be done, and it must be done. fident, that the people of New Hampshire Lastly, you’ve probably heard around this understand what this election is really State, from the left, from other places as about. It’s not about who can trash another’s well, the call for economic isolation. Some candidacy in some 30-second spot. What it’s would build a protective wall around this about is the very serious business of electing country. And that’s wrong. That’s head in a President of the United States of America. the sand. That’s not the America that you And it’s about somebody that has the tough- and I know. That is an America running ness and the experience to lead this country. scared. And our vision is an America up I believe I am that man, and I want your and running strong, the leader of the free support. Now let’s go out and get to work. world. And they’re not going to do it by Thank you, and may God bless the United pulling back. States of America. I think the voters in New Hampshire are Audience members. Four more years! pretty smart. They know that there are Four more years! Four more years! 35,000 jobs here that depend on exports. The President. Thank you all very much. And I will not let those candidates or this Now let’s go out and do a little canvassing. Congress put walls of protection around that are going to throw those people out of work Note: The President spoke at 10:10 a.m. at in New Hampshire. the Davidson Flight Service hangar at Nash- And so in just a handful of days, New ua Airport.

Remarks at a Community Welcome in New Boston, New Hampshire February 15, 1992

Thank you for that warm welcome to you, but I also came here to ask for your New Boston. I was talking to Darlene a vote so I will be President of the United minute ago, and we were reminiscing. And States for 4 more years. it does seem like old times. I’ve been here Let me not only thank Darlene Goodin, several times before. And let me just get right to the point. I came here to thank

250 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / Feb. 15 our chairman here, who is doing a superb bit tired of all the negative campaigns, all job day in and day out, but also Governor the attack-dog advertisements coming at Gregg, the Governor of this State, who is them from left and right. The people of my campaign leader; Governor Weld, next- New Hampshire are positive. They don’t door neighbor down in Massachusetts, a like always trying to tear down the other new Governor doing a superb job for that guy. And so, I’m going to continue to keep State where I was born, I’ll tell you. And on a positive note. may I salute former Governor John Sununu, I must say as a competitor, you know, my friend with us here today, and also Sen- I get kicked around too much. But that’s ator Humphrey. He served with distinction all right. They’re coming at me from deep in Washington, and now he’s serving in the left field and deep right field. And I’ve been senate here. He believes in a government out there to Fenway Park; I know what it’s close to the people. I salute him; delighted like. Stay the course. Stand up and say what to have this support. And I heard a little bit of music, and I you are for. want to thank the principal of this school, And let me tell you what I am for. I’m Rick Matthews, I believe he’s here with us going to continue with a positive campaign. today, for arranging all of this and also And first, on the economy, we’ve got to get thank Dr. Jamrog and the fifth and sixth this economy moving again. And I have sent graders who did that marvelous work with a comprehensive plan to the United States the band back there. Thank you all. Congress. Now, I asked John Sununu to I want to talk to you briefly about the carry it for me. Here it is. I won’t ask every- economy. But before that I want to know body to read one. Look at the size of this if Jeremy Forest is here. Jeremy, where are thing. This is a comprehensive plan. It is you? Right over there; right here in the now before the House; it is now before the front row. Now, you guys can’t see him in Senate. It is a message that we need. We the back, but let me tell you a little about need this passed. And it is all here. this guy. Jeremy Forest is one of, I believe And yesterday, I’m told that we got shot it’s 11 junior high students from all across at from a couple of quarters up here. Peo- New England who has been put into this ple and the New Hampshire voters were Initiative For Understanding Between subjected to flat, let me call them outright American and Soviet Youth. This is an am- lies about this plan. This plan includes many bassador of good will to the new Common- things, including deductions for student wealth of Independent States in Russia over loans. But the one I want to mention, per- there. And we’re delighted, I’m delighted haps most important to every family here, he’s here. I single him out because it is, is a tax relief provision for families with chil- I think, interesting to know. dren. We need it. We’ve got it paid for And these Congressmen that are up here in that plan, and we ought to pass it. from Washington, these distinguished Rep- resentatives who are my dear friends, who And so, don’t listen to those negative ads you were introduced to earlier on, they that say it’s not there; it is. And I want know what I’m about to say is true. We this whole program passed by the end of have moved a long way. We have won the this session of Congress. And I think if we cold war. We have beaten down the aggres- had more people like Bill Zeliff and Warren sor in Kuwait, that was Mr. Saddam Hus- Rudman and Bob Smith in the Congress, sein. And now guys like Jeremy can go over we could get it passed. But please keep the there and interact with the young people pressure on the United States Congress. in the Commonwealth of Independent Then, in addition to this major overall States, and we can talk about friendship in- plan, I’ve broken out seven of my proposals stead of nuclear war. And I think that is that would have the greatest immediate ef- a blessing for the United States of America. fect on stimulating the economy. And these Well, I’m glad to be here on a positive, are important in a State where real estate upbeat note. And let me just say I think has been on its back, homebuilding has the people here might be getting just a little been sluggish if not almost impercepti-

251 Feb. 15 / Administration of George Bush, 1992 ble. So my plea is, don’t vote for some gim- And here’s what it does, here’s the back- mick. Don’t vote for some shadowy promise. ground. Interest rates are now low. Inflation Here’s a plan that is before the Congress is now low. The economy is poised for re- right now, and it can start moving this econ- covery. And the way to help the people in omy out of the doldrums faster than any the State who desperately need help is to other answer. So I ask for your support. get Congress to set aside politics just long Now, lastly, you’ve probably heard the call enough to pass this part of this plan, the around here for economic isolation. Some incentives, the seven incentives in the plan. would build a wall around America. That’s Now, let me give you one key provision. wrong-headed. That’s head in the sand, not Young people ought to be interested in this, the America that you and I know. Theirs a $5,000 tax credit to help people buy their is an America, those that would do that, first home. It would get the homebuilding industry moving. And it is here. The head whether they’re on the Democrat side or of the National Home Builders was up here the Republican side, those who would say saying if there was any single proposal that protection and isolation are running scared. would help turn homebuilding around, it is America is not a country to run scared. We this proposal of the President of the United are the leader of the free world. We need States. And in New Hampshire it would to stay involved in international trade, not mean 1,000 new housing starts, 2,000 con- get protection going again in this country. struction jobs. Let me tell you what this means to your I also have in this plan, we have in this neighbors in New Boston. Thirty-five thou- plan an investment tax allowance. We have sand jobs in this State depend on exports, in it a much-needed capital gains tax cut selling abroad. We start to put up walls of so that businesses can hire more people, protection, other people do the same thing, get more people put to work. and those 35,000 jobs go down the drain. But here’s the key point: This is not cam- We cannot go back to the failed days of paign rhetoric. What this thing is—let me isolation and protection. And as long as I’m just tell you, New Hampshire homebuyers President we will not go back. Our exports and homebuilders can be on the move as are moving, and they have helped the New early as this spring. And it can help business Hampshire economy. And with our plan in get new equipment, hire more people as effect, they’ll help it even more. Help me early as this spring. This is a solid action fight against protection and isolation. plan. It can only help the people of New And so, on Tuesday New Hampshire is Hampshire now if Congress acts now. And going to have a lot to say about who is the you know your legislature, the State legisla- next President of the United States. You’re ture, what, meets for 45 days a year? Well, going to be asked to make a serious vote. I gave Congress a deadline of March 20th. That’s 52 days to pass these seven little in- Who has the experience? Who has the dem- centives that would really help this econ- onstrated leadership to stand up and do omy. There’s nothing flashy here. All we right? And I believe that I am the person need is action. that has the leadership. I hope I dem- And we gave them the legislation. I’ve onstrated that when we kicked Saddam showed you the bill. And let me tell you Hussein out of Kuwait. And he’d still have what the Democrats back in Washington did been there if you had listened to some of just this week. On Wednesday, the Ways my opponents, still been there. and Means Committee Democrats voted So, I know I’m in a tough race, but I’ve against this plan twice, and then Thursday, been in tough races before, many of you in a closed-session meeting, they surfaced at my side in those battles. And the stakes a scheme that raises taxes. They say, tax are high not just for me, but they are high the rich. That hits the little guy over and for our country. And I need your help. And over again. And we do not need to raise I am up here to proudly say I want to be taxes; we need to put incentives into this your President and to humbly say I ask for economy. your support. Give me that support so we

252 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / Feb. 15 can get this country moving on the eco- didacy in some 30-second spot. It’s about nomic front and keep us the leader of the who can lead this country, who can continue world on the international front. to lead the free world. And what it’s really I’m told that, Judd was telling me and about is setting a direction of this country others today, that we’ve been subjected for the next 4 years. here to a lot of negative advertisements. And again, I need your support to con- The voters have been subjected to millions tinue this job. Thank you all. And may God of dollars of these negative attacks, the kind bless our great country, the United States that just tear people down by name and of America. Thank you very much. turn people off, I think. But I am confident that the people of New Hampshire understand what this election is about. It’s not Note: The President spoke at 11:58 a.m. at about who can trash another person’s can- New Boston Central Elementary School.

Remarks and a Question-and-Answer Session in Goffstown, New Hampshire February 15, 1992

The President. Thank you for that warm the economic growth package that I have welcome back. Before we get started, let sitting down there now. It would move the me just thank Dr. Conway, the superintend- housing industry, the real estate industry, ent, and to thank Ms. Colby, who is the would lift the spirits of this State. So, we’ve assistant principal here, and Vivian got a plan. It isn’t a campaign plan. It’s Blondeau, the chairman of the school board, enshrined, enrolled in two big pieces of leg- and say how pleased I am to be here and islation. And I need your help leaning on pleased that we have this opportunity to the United States Congress. meet in this wonderful school. Let me thank the man who introduced What we are going to do today is just, me, who is our leader here, Governor Gregg in the 20 minutes allocated, take questions. of this State. I’m very fortunate to have him So, I think the way to do it is just let me as my campaign chairman and delighted say one word: I’m up here to ask the sup- he’s here and has just introduced me. port of the people of New Hampshire to Now, with no further ado, I’d be glad be President of the United States for 4 to take any questions. Yes, sir. more years. And we’ve made a lot of progress in the Banking Industry world. The cold war is over. International Q. Mr. President, my question is, the imperial communism, the aggressive part banking industry in this State is very, very, that’s reaching out and trying to do in oth- very tight. I would like to know, what can ers, that’s finished; it’s dead. Aggression has our Government do to relieve the rules and been pushed back and international law es- the pressures of the Fannie Mae, which is tablished by the international defeat, you from a one-family to a four-family home, might say, of Saddam Hussein when we and to stop the foreclosures that are going kicked him out of Kuwait. on with people that should not have their So, a lot of good things have happened. home foreclosed on? And then also, in the And we are clearly the leaders of the world. business sector, relieve the pressures from And I do not want to see us pull back into the banks so they can loan us money so isolation in fear because the economy of this we can put people back to work? They will State and other States is hurting. And so, not loan money to any business. Thank you. what I’m asking the American people to do The President. Well, it’s a very important is say please help me get through Congress question. And one thing we are trying to do

253 Feb. 15 / Administration of George Bush, 1992 is to relieve this credit crunch by doing a fore the Congress right now an investment better job on regulation. We’ve called in all tax allowance. The ITC, itself, what you call the regulators. We can’t go back to forgiving investment tax, is terribly expensive. I think bad practices; we’re not going to do that. the revenue loss estimates were something But they’ve gone too far the other way. And like $250 billion. So, we couldn’t do that I think the best answer to freeing up credit and fit it into our budget plan without a is trying to get these regulators to go for- tax increase, which I would like to firmly ward and take a hard look at the existing avoid and I’m determined to avoid. regulations, as we’ve done, and say, ‘‘Look, Investment tax allowance is what you good banks should make good loans; don’t might more appropriately call more rapid discourage them.’’ depreciation which will stimulate the kind Interest rates are down. We are poised, of investment you’re talking about. The cap- because of where interest rates are and in- ital gains cut, I am absolutely convinced, flation is, to make a real recovery in this will stimulate jobs and stimulate investment, country. And so, I’m optimistic that these too. It worked under the Steiger amend- banks will begin to start making loans. Their ment in 1978. I think it would have a very balance sheets are in much better shape na- salutary effect. And it isn’t what some of tionally. The regulation load is being light- the opponents call it, a tax break for the ened, although I’m having a big fight with rich. It’s going to create jobs. It’s going to Congress on some of that right now in the create people taking more risks. So, look Senate Banking Committee. And I think it’s at how it worked in ’78. And I think you’ll going to move in the right direction. find that this combination of these two On Fannie Mae, it’s tough because those things really will stimulate the economy. are independent, and we can’t snap our fin- And what’s happened, I send this seven- gers and control them. point—they’re all stimulatory tax provi- But credit crunch, it’s hurt us. My appeal sions—say to the Congress, ‘‘Pass it by is to the good, sound institutions to make March 20th.’’ They go in behind closed sound banking loans, and I think that’s the doors, beat it on a straight party-line vote, kind you’re talking about. I don’t think any- including this investment tax allowance, ITC one wants to go back to the excesses of type of thing, and come out and say, ‘‘Well, the eighties in terms of savings and loan what we’ve got to do is redistribute the excess or financial excess. One thing that’s wealth by increasing taxes.’’ cost us and has hurt the deficit is the money I do not think that’s what the American that the Government has had to put in to people want, and I’m going to fight for this cover the depositors. One good thing is not growth package. I’m not going to give up one single depositor has lost money. And on it. I think we can make some headway I’m determined to keep it that way. But in the Senate and in the House floor. But I think this change in regulations is going I’m not sure; we may not agree on a capital to help. Thank you. gains. You take a look at this ITA, this tax Who’s over—yes? allowance, this stimulation; I think you’ll Capital Gains Tax find it’s good. Yes, sir? Q. Welcome, President Bush, thank you. I’m a student of business right now, and I have a business question for you. You proposed a capital gains cut which, it seems to me, is going to benefit people who are Federal Budget investing in art, in jewelry, and other things, Q. Thank you for coming here. My ques- instead of an investment tax credit which tion to you, I’ve heard your speech recently, would invest in business and make it more is reducing the size of the Government. competitive and more productive. Why is We’ve gotten so big and so out of control. that? Can you speak to us, Federal level, what The President. We have proposed, maybe can be done to lower the cost and the size you missed it, in our proposal we have be- of the Government?

254 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / Feb. 15

The President. Lowering the cost of it, say what kind of school you could go to. it’s a good point. It is too big and takes They simply said, ‘‘Take your choice.’’ I be- too much out in the gross national product lieve that choice is one of the best ways in taxes. to increase the quality of education from The only good thing about the budget all schools, and I’m going to continue to agreement that was passed in 1990 is that fight for it. And that, I think, gets to your it put caps on the Federal spending. It put question. That is the fundamental part of caps on discretionary spending. Now, I hear America 2000. It is a fundamental part of some candidates running around here, how we improve education. around this State, saying they’re going to And you do it through vouchers, but dif- freeze all spending. That sounds attractive, ferent private schools ought not to be de- but I don’t think that’s fair to the senior nied. One of the allegations is, well, people citizen, for example. I don’t think that he will leave a bad school to go to a good should be denied, he or she denied the cost school. Where that’s happened, the bad of living increase, for example. So it’s easy schools have improved. Take a look at to say that. And I think we’ve got to control Rochester, New York, as a good example. the growth of the entitlements, but I don’t So, the answer to the question you’re rais- think the freeze is the answer. ing is choice. And back it up so that the I do believe that this proposal of holding parents will have the main say. I had the the caps on Federal discretionary spending mayors, I mentioned this in the State of is important. And right now, you listen to the Union, I had the mayors from the Na- the Congress, Democrat Congress, they’re tional League of Cities in. And they were talking about getting rid of those caps or Mayor Bradley of Los Angeles, great big, shifting the caps. The best protection for complex metropolitan area, a Democrat; a the taxpayer is to hold those caps on Fed- tiny town in North Carolina with a Repub- eral spending. And I believe, I think we lican mayor, 3,000. And they said, ‘‘The one can be able to do that. That’s the key. thing that concerns us is that the fundamen- Who’s next? Way in the back, Father. tal cause of a lot of these problems is the demise of the family.’’ And what we’re try- Education ing to do there is strengthen the family. Q. Thank you, Mr. President. First of all, And choice, I think, is one of the best ways I commend you on your courageous position to go about it. regarding the life of the unborn in our Way in the back. Yes, ma’am. We can country. As president of a college, I’d like hear you. Go ahead. to ask a question on higher education and ask if you’d comment, please, on your plans Energy Policy to help low- and middle-income families Q. This is something I don’t hear a lot have access to colleges of their choice and about. I would like to know what plans are particularly independent colleges in terms in the works for the further development of Federal aid. of solar energy, particularly where it appears The President. Father, let me say this: I we may have a lot more sun than we know believe in school choice. We have an excel- what to do with soon? [Laughter] lent education program. It is called America THE PRESIDENT. I’m very proud of our 2000. It is not Republican. It’s not Demo- administration for first having taken the lead crat. It’s not conservative. It’s not liberal. on phasing out CFC’s and then speeding It works to implement the six national edu- it up when new scientific information came cation goals that were passed by the Gov- in. We moved very fast on that. And I be- ernors, Democrat and Republican alike. lieve that set a good example for other One of the provisions of our America 2000 countries around the world, and I con- program is choice. fidently expect that the EC and other coun- When I got out of college, I was a recipi- tries will follow the lead of this country in ent of the GI bill. I fought for my country, phasing out these CFC’s that do damage and one of the things that veterans got way to the ozone layer. back then was a GI bill. And they didn’t Our energy program puts a good deal of

255 Feb. 15 / Administration of George Bush, 1992 emphasis on alternate sources of energy, not Student Loans simply solar, incidentally. It is all sources Q. Yes, Mr. President, I am an ex-student of energy other than hydrocarbons. And we from the New England area, and I’m sure are not going to be independent so that you know that probably a good portion of we can get rid of all burning hydrocarbons; the schools in the United States are located that simply can’t be done. It’s unrealistic. in the East. As of this year I’m not able I want to see this country less dependent to deduct the interest on my student loans on foreign oil. And if our energy program anymore. That really hurts because I owe gets passed, it will do that, alternate about $25,000 for school. So where do you sources, conservation, and certainly not ne- stand on that? glecting the domestic side of the hydro- The President. I stand on asking your sup- carbon industry. So, it’s in our energy bill, port for the bill that I referred to that’s and I think we can move relatively fast. But before the Ways and Means Committee to say to the country, as I’ve heard some right now, before the Senate Finance Com- people up here do, we can solve all these mittee, because it does permit the deduc- problems by going to solar energy today, tion of interest on student loans. And I that simply is not technologically feasible. think you’re absolutely right; it should be We just don’t have the delivery system of done. So, we need your help getting it that kind of energy source. passed. But we’ve got that in this legislation. Also, and I know this one might be con- I hope we can succeed. troversial, and I don’t know where you come down on this one, but I also happen The Economy to believe that safe utilization of nuclear Q. Mr. President, in tough times what can power is in our interests. It burns clean, Americans do by pulling their own boot- and technology is good. I know you get a straps? lively debate on it, but as I look at the en- The President. Well, I think what Ameri- ergy requirements, we ought to do that. cans can do is what we’ve always done, work hard, et cetera. But I think the economy U.N. Conference on Environment needs some assistance now, like a tax credit Q. I was wondering if you could let us for the first-time homebuyer. I have pro- know whether or not you’re planning to at- posed that, $5,000. The National Association tend the United Nations Conference on the of Home Builders tell us that that would Environment and Development? really stimulate this economy and do it fast. The President. Her question was whether So, I think what we must do in Government I plan to attend the United Nations con- is to try to give incentive, but it cannot be ference which will be held in Brazil on the Government make-work programs. It has to environment. We’re talking about that right be freeing up this economy to do a better now. The problem is it comes at a time job for the citizens. when we’ve got a relatively hot political year See, I’m not as discouraged as some peo- here. But the United States must lead, and ple are. I know people have had a tough I have not told President Collor of Brazil time in this State. But I’ve seen what we yet whether I can do it. I’m talking to other can do when we come together. I saw what world leaders as to whether they’re attend- we’ve done around the world in establishing ing. Bill Reilly, who is doing a superb job our leadership. We’re still the number one as head of the EPA, is back; we’re going country in terms of our gross national prod- to have a meeting with him next week. uct, by far. So, what we’ve got to do is So, the answer is, a decision has not been jump-start this economy and then get the made on that. I just don’t know. But wheth- Government out of the way as much as pos- er I’m there or not, they’re certainly going sible and let this ingenuity that you’re talk- to have full cooperation and, I’d say, leader- ing about come to the fore more. ship from the United States. It’s an impor- So, let’s not be so discouraged that we tant conference. cannot see any hope out there. I know peo- Way in the back. ple are hurting, but you’ve got interest

256 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / Feb. 15 rates at an all-time low; you’ve got inflation Congressional Term Limitations down; the economy is poised to come back. Q. My question is very simple, Mr. Presi- And I’m saying, give me the support I need dent, is: Understanding we have many ca- in the Congress to get this one package reer politicians in Congress, how do you feel passed, and then this ingenuity you’re talk- about term limitations? ing about really can flourish. I think you’ve The President. I am in favor of term limi- got it in perspective. tations. I’m in favor of that, and if it’s good How about this guy right over here? enough for the President it ought to be Q. May I have your autograph? [Laugh- good enough for some of these Congress- ter] men. The President. Come on. The answer to All right. Yes, sir, right here. that question is yes. Here you go. I signed that for you. All right, who’s got—right here in the Government Decentralization front. Q. Mr. President, with the high degree Q. Thank you. of communications technology that exists The President. You’re welcome. That’s a today, when can we look forward to decen- tough question. [Laughter] tralizing the large, expensive Washington- based form of Government? Health Care The President. I’m not sure. I wouldn’t Q. Mr. President, can you please assure hold my breath on that one. [Laughter] I us that you will not push through a national think your point is well-taken. There can health plan? We would like to keep health be a more diffused Government, Govern- care private. ment closer to the people through tech- The President. I have a strong health pro- nology. Computer networks are doing that. posal, health care plan. It’s printed; it’s out I don’t honestly see, though, that it is going there. It does not nationalize health care. to be so decentralized that one agency will We’ve got a lot of criticism about our health be in one place and one agency in another care. We still have the best quality health place. With the kind of Government we care in the entire world, the best. Other- have where the action of Congress is very, wise, why do people come here from other very important, I don’t see a really diffused countries to get it? And you hear some of transfer of these departments around the these people—somebody told them a few country. It has certain appeal, but I don’t months ago, health care’s an issue. So they’ll want to be unrealistic. It ain’t going to hap- come out trying to emulate some foreign pen. plan. All right. Now, let me tell you, we’ve got We’re not going to have that. We are a special treat here, a good friend of mine. going to have the kind of plan that I put And this man is doing an awful lot on fit- forward that will keep the quality and still ness. Somebody mentions health care; one make health care affordable to all through of the reasons you do it is you prevent bad insurance. And people say, ‘‘Well, poor guy health by keeping fit. And so let me intro- doesn’t have money to pay for the insur- duce to you a supporter and a great friend ance.’’ Then we have the voucher system, of mine, Arnold Schwarzenegger. where he goes to a central location, name Give them the fitness test. is on there, they have access to privately Mr. Schwarzenegger. Thank you very held, competitive insurance coverage. And much, Mr. President. Thank you. that is the answer, not what you’ve asked The President. He’s part of our health about, this national health care plan. And plan, see. you’ve got to take a look at the cost, too. And ours is much easier to pay for. [At this point, Mr. Schwarzenegger spoke.] Now, I’m getting a signal that we have The President. Thanks so much. I guess time—let’s say two more. Then I’ve got a we’re out of here. Good to see you all. special treat for you. Way back here in the Thanks for coming. Glad to see you. Thanks red shirt, yes, sir. for taking the time.

257 Feb. 15 / Administration of George Bush, 1992

Note: The President spoke at 1:04 p.m. at dent’s Council on Physical Fitness and Mountain View Middle School. Arnold Sports. Schwarzenegger was Chairman of the Presi-

Remarks at the Bush-Quayle Campaign Welcome in Derry, New Hampshire February 15, 1992

The President. It is great to be here. something done for the country. Thank you all very much. And Governor, But thanks to all of you here for coming first may I thank Governor Gregg and Kathy from four corners of the State of New for their leadership and terrific support. I’m Hampshire to Derry on this Saturday night. just delighted to have him as the head of And we’ve come here for one reason: To- this campaign in New Hampshire. We’re gether we are going to win an election on very, very lucky. And may I salute Governor Tuesday. Jock McKernan of Maine and his marvelous Audience members. Four more years! wife, Congresswoman Olympia Snowe, who Four more years! Four more years! are with us tonight. He’s doing a great job The President. And in about 9 months for that State. And then from Massachu- from now, with your help, we’re going to setts, our new and great Governor, Bill win an election in November. Make no mis- Weld, and Paul Cellucci, first-class job as take about that. Lieutenant Governor. We’ve got much to be proud of and many And of course, the man so well-known challenges still ahead of us. But the remark- not just for his leadership in New Hamp- able changes of these last 3 years have shire but for his leadership, sound, sensible shown without a doubt the United States leadership in Washington, Warren Rudman. of America is the undisputed leader of the I’m just delighted to be at his side. And world. And from the fall of the Berlin Wall may I salute Congressman Bill Zeliff and to the last gasp of imperial communism, thank him for his support. And also, Mayor from the four decades of the cold war to Dowd, the mayor of this wonderful town, the 40 days of Desert Storm, America has he and his wife doing a superb job in the led the way. And America has changed the political leadership. And you met the visit- world. ing friends, those Congressmen that were And now the change and the challenge, with me, Congressmen Regula and Hobson as it has before, it’s come home. And time and Dick Shulze from Pennsylvania. after time, we’ve lifted ourselves up. And They’ve had to move on. time after time, we’ve asked more of our- But now, first of all, thanks to the parents, selves, more of each other. And each time, the students, and the staff of Pinkerton America met the challenge. And this time, Academy for opening the gym for tonight’s America will do it again. event. And thanks to the Shaw Brothers for Next Tuesday, New Hampshire makes its sending a little music our way. And of choice. You take part in this State’s proud course, my thanks to Arnold, Arnold tradition as first in the Nation. And you Schwarzenegger. You know, he and I have know this is serious business. You under- been out on the campaign trail before sev- stand the importance of your vote. You go eral years ago, now again today. But he’s to the polls not to send a signal, not to working on a new film about Congress; he register a protest; you go to the polls to calls it ‘‘The Procrastinator.’’ [Laughter] You elect the President of the United States of know, I might just take a tip from ‘‘Kinder- America. garten Cop.’’ When Congress doesn’t be- The first order of business in our country have, take away their recess, and let’s get and in this election is the economy. And

258 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / Feb. 15 count on this: We are getting this economy think, outproduce, outperform the competi- moving again, and we will get New Hamp- tion anywhere, anytime. shire back on the road to recovery. Three Audience members. Four more years! weeks ago I laid out a two-part plan to New Four more years! Four more years! Hampshire and to the Nation: a short-term The President. These are the things that to jump start our economy, long-term to Tuesday is about, the course we set for our keep us competitive and strong into the next country and the future we build for our century. And I want, and the country needs, kids—— both parts of this program enacted by the Congress this year. It is just that important. [At this point, AIDS activists interrupted My plan boosts investment, and it gives the President’s remarks.] incentives to businesses to buy equipment May I just make a comment because and upgrade their plants and hire more these people, understandably, are con- workers. And it helps restore the value of cerned about AIDS. But unfortunately, be- real estate, gets the housing market going cause of their tactics, they sometimes hurt again, gives a $5,000 tax credit to first-time homebuyers. And our plan takes an ax to their own cause. But let me just give you 246 Government programs because Govern- a figure here. It’s a very serious problem. ment is too big and it spends too much. When I came into office the first year, an And I need Congress to pass it. increase, we spent $2.3 billion; this year, The Democrats have a different idea, as $4.9 billion. We are going to whip that dis- you saw coming out of the Ways and Means ease. We’re doing everything we can. And Committee the other day. But there’s one we’re going to keep on until we succeed. thing my plan doesn’t do: It won’t raise Sure, this is a tough race—— taxes on the American families who are Audience members. We want Bush! We overtaxed as it is. want Bush! We want Bush! And you know what I think, my plan is The President. Sure, this is a tough race, just what the economy ordered. When it but I’ve been in tough races before. And comes down to me and the other can- yes, the stakes are high, not just for me didates, from the left or from the right, but for you and our country as well. And here’s the only difference that counts: I I know the voters of New Hampshire. And have a plan, and they don’t have a clue. you’ve been subjected to a lot of this nega- Everyone knows we’ve got to work tive campaigning that Senator Rudman fast—— talked about. You’ve seen the ads, the kind Audience members. Four more years! that only tear people down and, I believe, Four more years! Four more years! turn people off. Well, I am confident that The President. Everyone knows we’ve got you understand that this election isn’t about to work fast to get the economy on its feet, who can trash another’s candidacy in a 30- but some are pushing protectionism, escape second spot. from economic reality. And they say they’re going to play defense, they’re going to fight New Hampshire voters have even been back. Sounds tough, until you think about told some flat-out lies about the plan I sent it. It’s not the schoolyard bully; it’s the boy to Congress. Here it is. Here’s the bill I who wants to take his ball and go home sent to the United States Congress imme- and get off the playing field. America is not diately after the State of the Union. And that kind of country. And our national sym- in it are provisions for student loans deduc- bol is not the ostrich; it’s the eagle. tions and, perhaps most importantly, tax re- Never in this Nation’s history, never in lief for America’s families with children. It’s this Nation’s long history has America in this plan. It’s before the Congress. And turned its back on a challenge. To succeed it’s all right here. It gives me another oppor- economically at home, you’ve got to lead tunity to say to the Congress: Pass this plan; economically abroad. You see, I believe in pass the whole plan. We need action by the American worker. We’ll go head to head Congress. with anyone. The American worker can out- Next Tuesday matters because you don’t

259 Feb. 15 / Administration of George Bush, 1992 just choose a candidate, you choose a fu- this plan disappear. Thank goodness I kept ture. You set the course this country will a copy. follow for the next 5 years. And here’s what I’m a patient man. I know Congress can’t I know about this country’s future. No mat- pass my plan overnight, and that’s why I ter how tough times are now, America’s best gave them 52 days. And I know they say day always lies ahead. I believe that now. the deadline is arbitrary; they say the dead- I believe it every day I live because that’s line is too early; they say the deadline is the great glory of the United States of unfair. You know what I say? The deadline America. is March 20th, and the American people And I felt it today from Nashua to New want action. Boston. The people of New Hampshire, like I cannot get this job done without your citizens all across this country, are ready to help. And so, Tuesday my request is this: move ahead, ready to move forward to meet Send this President, who’s done his very a new American destiny. Everyone sees the best, who’s turned this world around, who’s need for change. Everyone feels the excite- working for economic recovery all across ment. Everyone is impatient to begin. Ev- our country, send this President back to eryone, that is, except the crowd that con- Washington for 4 more years. trols the Congress, the liberal Democrats Thank you, New Hampshire, for your who still control both Houses of the United trust and your support. And may God bless States Congress. the United States of America. Thank you So, you won’t be surprised to hear what’s very much. happening to this action plan, the part to jump-start this economy. And here it is Note: The President spoke at 6:46 p.m. at here, seven key points. The Democrats who Pinkerton Academy. A tape was not avail- control the Ways and Means Committee able for verification of the content of these pulled a back-room stunt and tried to make remarks.

Remarks at a Breakfast in Nashua, New Hampshire February 16, 1992

Rhona, I’m glad to see you here, our able point. chairman of our party, friend to all, and Really, you make serious choices here, Alice. This takes me back a year or two, and you don’t elect the loudest or the big- I’ll tell you. And thank you all very much gest protester. I think you take these elec- for being here. In addition to thanking Alice tions seriously. And New Hampshire has a Record, I want to thank Harold Acres, our record of being a pretty good predictor on Nashua chairman, and Valerie Walsh, who who should be bearing the responsibilities is handling the volunteers; and say to Alice for President of the United States. We’re Record, with whom I go back a long time, not in this for messages. We’re in here to Barbara and I do, we are just delighted and see who should be chosen to be President pleased to be here at this wonderful break- and accept the full responsibilities of that fast. job. What you don’t need, I think, on this I have tried to stay above the fray in Sunday morning is a long political speech, terms of all the negative campaigning that so you’re not going to get one. I think that this State has been subjected to, much of it deserves a round of applause, too, after aimed towards me. But I think, in spite of what this State has been through. [Ap- the problems that exist here, people want to plause] But I will just say a quick word get a little bit of a positive idea as to where about it because we’re getting to a cross- this country is going and what we stand for. roads now, getting to a very important And so I’ve tried to keep it on a

260 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / Feb. 16 good plane. I don’t think this election is the new world, the world after the cold war. about trashing the candidacy of somebody And I think I might say, parenthetically, else in some 30-second spot. we ought to look at the whole record when The issue, the one that counts the most we decide to elect, who a President of the here, is the economy. And this year there United States is. And I’ll claim to be second are two different kinds of choices: one who to none in terms of working for world peace can tell you what he’s doing right now, and and making it better for these kids to grow then we have others from both extremes, up in a world free of nuclear war. it seems to me, who just don’t have a clue I do believe that housing and real estate as to where this country should be going are going to lead this economy, lead the or what to do about the problems that exist. recovery, lead us out of recession. And I’ve spelled out a two-part plan. And it’s not political rhetoric. I have a responsibility that’s one reason we have a proposal that as President of the United States to send will create 1,000 new homes and more than a plan to the Congress each year. And re- 2,000 new construction jobs in New York— grettably, for the last 2 years, they have not I mean in New Hampshire, starting this acted on things that would have stimulated spring. I hope it will do some for New York, the growth in the New Hampshire econ- too. [Laughter] But Congress has got to omy. But I’m trying again now with very pass it on time. And it will create 415,000 comprehensive programs, one short-term, jobs nationwide; you had the head of the one comprehensive and longer-term, both Home Builders up here the other day con- of which should be passed by the Congress firming this, nationwide; generate $20 bil- this year to help the people of this State. lion in new economic activity. It’s based on Though you hear the carping and the investment incentives in our plan, and complaining up here in the campaign, but they’re going to help business grow, buy I haven’t seen what I think of as a sensible new equipment, and hire new workers. action plan, one that fits in under these Because of the economy, you haven’t budget caps, one that will stimulate imme- heard about the successes we’re having in diately. You hear some things that sound fighting drugs. You haven’t heard about the attractive to people, and there’s great divi- comprehensive energy plan. You haven’t sion amongst the candidates as what they heard enough about our America 2000 edu- should be. But our plan, I believe, really cation plan that would actually rejuvenate would move the country forward. It in- and revolutionize American education. cludes the student loan deductions. It in- We’ve got to do better. But the debate here cludes tax relief for America’s families with is, for understandable reasons, on the econ- children. It is a good plan, and it will work. omy. We’ve got a good health care plan that And it will stay under these budget limits. I put forward in detail, not a campaign plan We’ve got to control the growth of Federal but one that’s right up there at the Congress spending. And you ought to ask everybody right now. And I hope you’ll pay some at- that has one of these things, what does it tention to that one. cost? Ours, I have to account for it. It is before the Congress now. It will not in- But as I listen to the debate, sometimes crease these awful deficits we’re facing. from close in, sometimes from afar, I just Another subject that’s come up is the one hear the old thinking of let the Government of protectionism and isolationism. And you do it all; or an isolationistic trend I men- talk about a sorry, negative approach. Those tioned; or bigger Government; or don’t candidates on both sides who are promoting worry about the cost, pass this national isolationism and protectionism, that is a health plan that’s going to cost $250 billion clear blueprint for failure in my view, based more. And we just can’t do that. on considerable experience. We can’t go I’ve spent a lot of my life in this region that way. The truth of the matter is we’re of the country, as many of you know, spent not going to succeed economically at home a lot of my time in this State. I haven’t just unless we lead economically abroad. So discovered it. We are, in a sense, neighbors; when you vote, you’ve got to understand certainly not strangers. So, I want to ask

261 Feb. 16 / Administration of George Bush, 1992 you something. I’d like to ask you now to lieve I will go on to have another 4 years help me persuade the Democratic leaders in as President. But I need your help. Send the Congress to get moving on our action them a strong message, if you want to send plan. We’ve got to move it through the Con- a message that is positive, that is upbeat, gress, and we’ve got to do it now. Frankly, that expresses confidence that the United if we had more people like Judd Gregg, States is the number one country in the when he was on the Ways and Means Com- entire world. And we’re going to make it mittee, and Bill Zeliff, who is there now, even better. and Warren Rudman and Bob Smith in the Thank you all very much. And I’m so Congress, that thing would be moving pleased to be with you. through. If we had control of the Congress, it would be moving right on through. So the election is more than campaign Note: The President spoke at 9:11 a.m. at slogans. It’s more than who can get the 30- Pennichuck Junior High School. In his re- second bite by criticizing the President the marks, he referred to Rhona Charbonneau, most. The election is who do you want to chairman of the New Hampshire Republican be President of the United States. And I Party, and Alice Record, State legislator. A believe that when it comes Tuesday, I will tape was not available for verification of the carry this State, I hope substantially. I be- content of these remarks.

Remarks and a Question-and-Answer Session in Hollis, New Hampshire February 16, 1992

The President. Thank you all very, very letting us use his great school, this great much. Thank you so much, all of you. It’s facility. And, of course, a friend of long great to be back. It is great to be back, standing who asked that I not mention her really. Nice to see all of you. Okay, let’s name, but heck with that, Shirley Cohen, get going. But first let me say how pleased and we go back a long, long time. There I am to have been introduced by a home- she is. town boy here and, I think, one of the I was reminiscing with Shirley about days greatest leaders that New Hampshire has gone by, but here we are. And what I want- ever produced, Senator Warren Rudman. I ed to do now, other than urge you to vote am very proud to have his support. With for me on Tuesday, which I’m up here for, us also, also overdressed for the occasion is to simply say that I want to be President since we’ve just been in church, and I didn’t for 4 more years. I believe in this country. see all of you there—[laughter]—Governor I am not a pessimist about the future of Gregg, our campaign leader here, Judd this country. When you look around the Gregg, and Kathy and uno kid, dos kids world and you see these kids, I hope that right here. Judd, good to see you. my Presidency has made a difference. These And let me also thank Hugh Gregg, pred- kids are going to grow up in a world with ecessor in the Governor’s office, but who’s a lot less fear of nuclear weapons. And I been so active once again for me and to think we can all take pride in the foreign whom I’m always grateful. Bill Zeliff is here, policy of this country and what we’ve ac- the Congressman, although I don’t see him complished. right this minute. Where is he? Bill, you We got those energies turned now to try here? Right over there, doing a first-class to turn this economy around. We’ve got a job in the United States Congress. good program. It’s not a campaign plan. It And I want to thank Katy Wienslaw. I is a bill, two comprehensive bills, put it that want to thank Denis Joy, the principal, for way, before the Congress right now that

262 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / Feb. 16 would get this economy moving, not some schoolteacher. And on behalf of the teach- campaign pledge. So, I need your help to ers I work with and my students, thank you lean on the Congress, not on Bill Zeliff, for all that you do; Mrs. Bush, for all that not on Warren Rudman or Bob Smith be- you do, for your reading incentive programs. cause they’re doing the right thing, but lean And would you give an encouraging word on those that control the Congress to say, to those people who may be thinking about ‘‘Let’s leave the politics aside now and pass teaching as a profession? the President’s plan by March 20th.’’ Then The President. I’d be glad to give that we can all roll up our sleeves and fight on encouraging word, and God bless the teach- the political turf. But too many people up ers. We’ll start with that. I was hoping I here are hurting to have politics as normal. would get a question on education. I only So, my challenge to the Congress is: Move have one of these with me. But we have by March 20th, and give the people of this a good program called America 2000, and State and across this country what they it gives parents choice. It says we can do need. better in math and science, so we’ll be more And now I’ll be glad to take some ques- competitive around the world. tions. These guys have the mikes right here. And incidentally, this one started as a re- Yes, shoot. I’ll repeat it if they don’t get sult of what the Governors, Democrat and the mike to you fast enough, but go ahead. Republicans, did at Charlottesville. They came together, put these six education goals War on Drugs before the Nation. And now we’ve got a Q. Mr. President, if elected, what steps program called America 2000. Judd Gregg, would you take towards drug prevention in as your Governor, is out front for that pro- the United States? gram. And again, it transcends politics. And The President. Drug prevention? What it really says this: We’ve got some good steps if elected? Follow-on on the steps buildings, maybe need some better ones; we’re taking now. And there is some good we’ve got bricks and mortar, but we must news with our national drug strategy; it is revolutionize our schools. And that means working. The use by teenagers of cocaine strengthening the teachers, giving choice to is down by 11 percent in this country, and the parents. And it is a good, sound pro- that’s encouraging news. We’re doing better gram, and I hope you all will take a look on the interdiction of narcotics coming in at it. Not much of it needs legislation. Most here. The budget is up at about $11 billion of it is being done at the community and for fighting the drug scourge. the State level, thank heavens, or it would One thing where you can help me, any- take a longer time to get it through. body here can help me, once again, is with But as to the teachers, plenty of encour- the Congress because we have some strong agement here. We have great respect for anticrime legislation that would also help in those who give their lives to the young of the fight against drugs. this country. So, the answer to your program is, build Now, how about this section? Well, all on the national drug strategy that we al- right. Is that for me? Oh, how nice. Here ready have in effect and that is working, let me—you got a question to go with it? both internationally and domestic. We’ve Q. This is from a Democrat. [Laughter] got to fight that scourge and whip it. And The President. All right. That’s great. Can one of our national six education goals is I read your slogan? ‘‘Willing and still able.’’ schools and workplaces, but schools that are Right here. Okay. Thank you all. Thank you free of drugs. And again, support our Amer- very much. ica 2000 education program. It’s good for Now, who’s got the next question? Right this country. in the back. Yes, sir. Now, who’s next? Here we are, right back there. Education Reform Environmental Policy Q. Maria Gray. I’m a second-grade Q. I’m from Brookfield, Connecticut. And

263 Feb. 16 / Administration of George Bush, 1992

I wanted to ask you, will you support the on spending. That 1990 budget deal was environmentalists in Rio de Janeiro that very controversial because there was a tax want to reduce the use of fluorocarbons and increase in it. People forget, however, there eventually stop them in the United States? was spending caps put on what they call The President. We’ve already been in the discretionary spending. A lot of spending lead of that. There was some new ozone the President has no control over, for exam- information available the other day. It was ple, Social Security and Social Security in- the United States of America that took an creases. And I don’t want to fool with Social early step to eliminate these CFC’s that Security. I think people are entitled to re- cause this terrible problem. Faced with this ceive those checks and have them on sched- new information just last week, we sped up ule. the timetable for the elimination. And I But we will fight to keep those caps on. confidently expect Europe and the other I have in my proposal a program to elimi- countries to follow our lead. And the gentle- nate about 250 programs, just get rid of man’s pointing to an important conference, them altogether, and that’s $4 billion right a U.N. conference that’s going to be held there. And the answer, and I’ll be taking in Brazil in June. And the United States this to the country in the fall, is send us will be in a leadership role there, not simply more people to the Congress like Bill Zeliff on the ozone layer but on the forests and here, Senators like Rudman and Smith. And everything else. then I believe we can get the Congress to We’ve got a good, sound environmental spend less and to get on with getting the record. We cannot keep some of the ex- deficit down. tremes in the environmental movement As I look at the schedule ahead, I cannot happy because I believe that sound environ- pledge that it will be in balance by then. ment can go hand-in-hand with reasonable And if anybody does, ask them to show you growth. And in some corners of this coun- how they’re going to do it, given the entitle- try, particularly in the Northwest, there’s ment programs that are on the books and some problems there where as many as need to be there, Medicare, Medicaid, So- 40,000 people can be thrown out of work cial Security. We’re not going to be able by the excess of the environmental protec- to eliminate those. Change the health care, tion. So, we’ve got to find the balance, but put in our health care plan; I think that I think we’ve got a very good record. And will help. Keep the caps on; I think that you put your finger on an important con- will help. ference that will have the leadership and Yes, ma’am. support from the United States. Yes, sir, right back here. Domestic Policy Federal Budget Deficit Q. It’s a privilege to be in the same com- Q. I was just wondering what you could pany with you and Mrs. Bush. Can you tell do in your second term to eliminate the me, what is your response to those in your budget deficit, and in 1996, when you leave constituency who feel that you are too will- office, if it would be possible to have a bal- ing to compromise, especially when you anced budget. know you have our support? And I don’t The President. I don’t think it will be bal- mean any disrespect. anced by 1996. I do think a lot depends The President. No, that’s a good question on what happens in the congressional elec- because I’ve heard a lot of flailing around tions next year. As Senator Rudman knows, up here in New Hampshire. Let me say we have fought—he’s been way out front something about—I’ve been in politics quite on trying to get the Federal deficit under a while, as you know. I don’t remember control and keep spending under control. a campaign ever with quite this much nega- And remember, Congress appropriates tive campaigning. Maybe it’s because most every single dollar and instructs us how to of it’s aimed my way, coming out of a jillion spend every single dollar. Democrats over on one side and then a lit- We’re going to keep what we call the caps tle out of the other side of the Republican

264 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / Feb. 16 spectrum. come out and play on the White House I don’t think I’ve been willing to com- lawn. And when they shed a tear, he wants promise too much. I have had to veto 23 to wipe it away in private, you know, so pieces of legislation, and the veto has been everybody doesn’t see them crying. upheld every single time. I’ll give you an Barbara and I try very hard to be good example. I favored getting unemployment grandparents, and we stay in touch. And benefits extended for people, but the she’s on the phone a lot. But I think you Democrats wanted to go ahead and just ex- can do both. I think you can keep your tend the benefits, forget the deficit, this family together. Of course, I salute Barbara guy’s question. I said, ‘‘Look, I want to ex- Bush for what she does in there, encourag- tend the benefits, but we’re going to do ing them all the time. But you know you it within the budget caps. If we’re going asked a very good question because there’s to extend those benefits, let’s find some off- a lot of times when you just wish you could sets so we don’t add to the mortgage of do what everybody else does. But I wouldn’t the future of these kids.’’ And so, we have trade it because I’ve got a job to do, got fought back bad legislation through the veto a mission to fulfill, and I’m going to finish to get something good. that. But then, I don’t fear the future be- I’ll give you another piece, and this is, cause after all that, I think we’ll be better I hear a little voice coming out of right field grandparents. on this one. I’m for human rights. I’m for Right here in the middle. Yes, sir. civil rights. I’m against discrimination. I am for civil rights. I did not want a quota bill. Defense Budget Cuts And we fought against it. I don’t believe that quotas is the answer. We fought against Q. I’ve got a two-part question. With the it, beat it down, and finally got a progres- tremendous cuts in the defense budget, sive, forward-looking civil rights bill that whether it’s you or the Democratic can- gives equal opportunity in the workplace didates, there are going to be a lot of people without setting up quotas. And then I hear displaced from employment. It’s just the lonely voices running around New Hamp- natural thing. One, how do you deal with shire saying I’m compromising too much. that? I don’t disagree with the cuts, but I’m That’s the only way you can lead when you concerned that they go too quick. don’t control the Congress. And I’m going Secondly, there are some of us who aren’t to keep on fighting for a United States that in the beginning of our career but in the is free of discrimination, free of anti-Semi- second half of our career. And retraining tism, and free to move forward in the work- isn’t a quick solution. And if you’re in the place without going to quotas. There’s a last 10, 15 years of your career, it can be good example for it. devastating. How do you deal with that? Right on the end. She’s been very patient The President. Well, you asked a very im- here. portant question. First, on the defense cuts. I am very pleased that the way we have President’s Family conducted the foreign policy of this country Q. Is it hard being a grandfather and a permits us now to make sound defense cuts. President at the same time? We have won the cold war. Imperial com- The President. There’s one of the tough- munism, that’s aggressive communism, est questions. You can see the seams on wants to take over a neighbor that’s on the that one coming across at Fenway Park, you ropes, is out of business. We’ve got people know; you can read every seam. It’s a good talking about peace in the Middle East. And question, though, because I’ll tell you some- we have different security responsibilities. thing, it isn’t as easy as you might think. I have proposed a budget that has $50 bil- We have four of our grandchildren live lion of defense cuts over the next 5 years. there, and one of the parents, my son I ask you, though, to listen to this gentleman Marvin, doesn’t like public life. He wants because we cannot make reckless cuts in our his kids to grow up without having the cam- defense. Last year at this time I was faced eras, all these things on them when they with a terribly important decision: Do

265 Feb. 16 / Administration of George Bush, 1992 we send your sons and your daughters into go, maybe he’s been an aeronautical engi- combat halfway around the world on the neer who was laid off because we’re not ground? One of the reasons I made the de- going to be able to keep the same level cision the way I did is, I knew that when of spending. we made that decision, these young men All I know is, obviously, for those who and women would have the best possible are out of work, we’ve got to keep the bene- equipment, the best possible support, the fits going until they find work, and that’s best logistics behind them, the fastest trans- a given. But you’re talking about higher lev- port, and the best way to move them. els. You’re talking about something more so- And we did it, and they performed with phisticated. So, I would say job training and magnificence. And that was Desert Storm have it as responsive as possible to the kind that sent a message all across the world: of changing technology that we’ve got. And The credibility of the United States means that, of course, means adult education. It something. You see, Saddam Hussein never means things of this nature. But it is not believed we’d do it. He was thinking back an easy question, and I don’t want to over- to Vietnam. He was thinking back to mixed simplify it. It’s a heartbreaking one, too, but signals out of the White House—wouldn’t we’ve got to cope with it. quite dare do it. Yes, right back there. And I’d say to those who remember Desert Storm, it wasn’t quite as simple as it seems today. Go back and look at the debate a year ago about whether you com- Discrimination mit the sons and daughters of New Hamp- shire to war. And I did it, took the full Q. What are you going to do about the responsibility, and it worked out. But one Ku Klux Klan? of the reasons I made the decision with con- The President. Ku Klux Klan? Can it. fidence was because of the levels of defense Speak out against it. And if anybody raises spending and knowing that we’d be able to the specter of the Ku Klux Klan, you speak move anyplace, go quicker, have the best out against that ugly hatred. We’re not a equipment, and see them succeed. That still country of hating. We’re not a country of must be the hallmark of our defense. bigots. We’re not a country where we dis- And my defense budget has the support criminate against people because of their of General Powell. It has the support of religion or because of their race. the Joint Chiefs of Staff. It isn’t a political And they need the help of every kid here. document. You listen to the raging debate If you see some guy in your class make around here from the extreme right and the some joke about somebody that might be extreme left, and all of them say, ‘‘We don’t of a different color or of a different religion, need to keep up our defenses. We don’t just turn on them. That’s not us. That’s not need to keep NATO strong. We can cut the United States. another $50 billion or $100 billion.’’ And And so, what the President can do about one of them was up as high as $150 billion. it, when you need legislation, why, you work That is crazy. And they can do the campaign for that. But in this one it’s broader than rhetoric, but I have the responsibility as the that. You just stand up and say, ‘‘Look, President of the United States to keep this we’re against that.’’ That’s always been the country strong. And I’m going to do it. hallmark of our country, particularly some- Now, the second one is much more com- thing as vicious as the Ku Klux Klan. I don’t plicated. The Defense Department does think it’s on the rise at all. have some retraining programs. They’ve got I’ll tell you something, though, this is a some investment programs for, say, a Pease serious point on economics. As people start Air Force Base or whatever may happen working and get thrown out of work, some- in other installations around here. But I am times they might turn on or resort to bigotry troubled because I have no easy answer to or discrimination if another guy has a job. it, frankly, for the guy that’s this far along And we’ve got to guard against that. We’ve in his career, maybe he has 10 more to got some differences with Japan in

266 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / Feb. 16 terms of trade, but we don’t need to resort ‘‘Yeah, a comic book was a dime, and now on bashing each other. We need to work, it’s a buck and a half, $2.50.’’ So the farmer as I’m trying to do, to open the markets that made a $450,000 gain, he didn’t even but not try to discriminate or make some keep up with inflation, and yet the people ugly recollection of discrimination. And so, are calling him the one percent of the rich stand up against it every chance you get. in the country. And they’re killing us on Capital Gains Tax that issue because they’re making it like the Republicans are taking care of the rich, and Q. Hi, President Bush. Joe Birch. I we don’t give a damn about the working haven’t talked to you in about 4 years. You of the business. probably don’t remember me, but I gave So, Buchanan’s coming across with this. you some pretty hard questions last time And I’m right on the fence with a half- when you were—— a-dozen other voters, and I want to hear The President. Go ahead. what you’ve got to say. Q. I told you then I was thinking about The President. I don’t know. I’m a little voting for Kemp because I wasn’t sure how unclear whether you favor a capital gains conservative you are and whether or not you’re going to defend the conservative reduction. I do, and I’ve been fighting for principles that I believe in. And you con- it for a long time. And the answer is, get vinced me then, and I did vote for you. me more people in the Congress that will And I wanted to tell you that I’m pretty support it. I can’t do any more. I’m getting much in the same position right now, except creamed by the liberals saying, ‘‘You want that now I’m thinking of Buchanan. Okay, a tax cut for the rich.’’ A capital gains reduc- there’s a couple of things I don’t like about tion will encourage investment. It will put him, about his views, I should say. One ground under a person’s home or their thing is, I don’t like the isolationism, and farm. I don’t like what I consider to be the trade And so, I don’t know where you’re at. war implications that I don’t like. I’m with I am for it, and I’m going to continue to you on that. fight for it. And getting it done is a lot The President. Protection, you mean? different than political, you know. Q. Yes. But the thing I have a problem Q. I’m with that position. I’m with that with is—it’s got to do with education, but position 100 percent. And the idea that Ger- not in the sense you think. I don’t think many has none and Japan has none, it’s un- you’re educating the rest of the people in derstood. But the people aren’t—they don’t this country as to the need for promoting understand it. When you say capital gains, business interest. Because business, as you they say you’re trying to help the rich. know, has a lot to do with jobs. The President. I agree with that. And I Now, the capital gains issue is an issue need help from the people to make them that you’re getting creamed on, left, right, understand it and to get the Congress to and center, and it hurts the rest of us Re- pass it. We’ve had those bills before the publicans in a sense. Let me finish what Congress for 3 years; ask Warren Rudman, I’m going to say, please. The capital gains ask Bill Zeliff. So, we need the help there. issue, we’re getting creamed, as a Repub- It’s one thing to make campaign rhetoric, lican, every time we turn around. I’m a Re- and it’s another thing to get your sleeves publican, and I don’t have a capital gains rolled up and trying to support the Presi- problem because I don’t make any money; dent in getting it done. And that’s my point that’s not my problem. But my 10-year-old to the voters in New Hampshire. We’re not son here understands it better than 95 per- electing the guy who can make the most cent of the Democrats. I told him, ‘‘Hey, money out there or can demonstrate the look, 35 years ago a farmer could have quickest wit. We need somebody that can bought a farm for $50,000, sold it for lead for these things and get them accom- $500,000 now.’’ I said, ‘‘When I was your plished. And that brings me to say, help age a candy bar was a nickel; it’s 10 times me with the United States Congress. That’s that now.’’ And he said to me, he says, where the problem is on getting this econo-

267 Feb. 16 / Administration of George Bush, 1992 my turned around with our budget package I think the high school graduation rate right now, with capital gains, with other should increase to at least 90 percent. And things like this homeowners tax credit. we’re making headway on that one. You know, a family trying to buy a first The third one, American students will be home, our proposal says, $5,000 tax credit. competent in core subjects. You’d have to Congress must pass that by March 20th. ask the teachers how they’re doing on that Now if you feel upset about it, roll up your one, but I think it’s one where we’ve got sleeves and get on the horn to the Congress to make better progress; I’ll concede that. or go down there and talk to them. I think U.S. students will be first in the world you can do it; you look tough. [Laughter] in science and math. And we’re moving on All right. Right over here. Good to see that direction, the highest level of research you again. that this country has ever had. And I believe Education Reform that will help us achieve that education goal. Every American adult will be literate. I’m Q. Four years ago you promised to be trying to show the way there by learning our education President. And the America to work a computer. And that’s not just 2000 is a great set of goals. But can you show business; it is suggesting to the Amer- think of one thing you’ve actually done to ican people we must have adult literacy. move us toward that goal here in Hollis, And that can help in this question of trans- New Hampshire? ferability over here. The President. Yes, I’ve gotten my wife And then the last one, every school in to demonstrate her concern by reading to America will be free and safe from drugs the children. And if you think that’s not and crime. Made progress; not near enough. important, you’re wrong. Because I had the So, I would argue that we’re making mayors from the National League of Cities headway, but I would certainly agree with come into the White House, and you know you that we haven’t made enough headway. what their main concern was? Urban prob- But I’m going to keep on fighting because lems. The mayor of Los Angeles, no flaming I believe this record is a good one on edu- Republican, I might add, and a good man, cation. And it’s far better than what I hear and then a mayor from a small North Caro- coming out of left field out there, saying, lina town, a Republican, all came together, ‘‘Hey, the answer is for the Federal Govern- and they said the biggest problem is the ment to set the curriculum and the Federal dissolution of the American family. Government to come in and control these And Barbara’s out there, and I’m trying programs.’’ That is not going to get to the to help as best I can, saying, ‘‘You’ve got educational excellence that these six goals to hold the family together. You’ve got to demand. participate. You’ve got to read.’’ Way in the middle. We have passed for the first time, gotten the country together on six major national education goals. That’s never been done before. That would not dictate to Hollis. That Education Funding wouldn’t tell them what the curriculum has Q. I am on the school board here for to be. But these are the six goals, and let the Hollis/Brookline high school and junior me just recite them because I do think it’s high schools. We are a small town, and spe- a very strong program. And I do think we’re cial ed costs right now are escalating all making progress on it. over, including in our small town. And we We need to go forward now and have have to be concerned about the fact that every kid ready to learn. That means more although the costs are escalating, the Fed- Head Start. I have increased the levels for eral funding is going away. And it’s hurting Head Start exponentially. We have it now us because our tax bill is the only thing budgeted so that every 4-year-old will get that’s supporting it. Think about Federal Head Start. You may not think that’s funding sometime. progress on education; I think it is superb The President. I will. Federal funding, in- progress on education. cidentally, for the Department of Education

268 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / Feb. 16 is up. It’s up considerably from where I ‘‘incentivizations’’, you might say. came into office. But you know what a The National Home Builders came up problem is? A problem is that Congress still here to New Hampshire the other day and wants to quote, mandate, unquote, the ben- announced how many jobs they think this efits. Hollis may have a problem where, bet- would create, just the adoption of the ter have more adult education. Hollis may— homeowners credit would create, and then which is the one you mentioned? get real estate leading the way out of this Q. Special ed. recession. So, I think we’ve got a good, The President. Special ed. Hollis may sound economic program, but Congress has need more on special ed. It is my feeling the votes. And I’ve got to change the Con- that block grants should be used instead of gress. these mandates out of some subcommittee And I understand there are a lot of peo- in Washington, DC. And if you need more ple out there a lot more charismatic than for special ed, it ought to be here in a block I am, but a lot of them don’t have to make grant for the people of Hollis and the Gov- the tough decisions either. Heck, if that ernor of New Hampshire to decide, rather were the case, Phil Donahue might be than some subcommittee chairman that’s President of the United States if you need- been there 30 years on the Democratic side ed somebody to be out there on television— in Washington. [laughter]—or some of the others, reporters So, we’re going to fight for the block we’ve got around here who are very good grant approach and continue to try to do in their field, but I’m not sure we want it, and that, I believe, will answer some of them for President. this problem, not all. Yes, right here. Yes, sir. So, I’ll keep doing my best. You know, I’ll say to these kids here—and this may The Economy sound a little gratuitous or silly, but it’s Q. President Bush, with all due respect not—you go back to think what your par- to your opposition on the Republican side, ents are telling you, and they’re saying: Do personally I like Pat Buchanan on television, your best. Try your hardest. Don’t let the and I like George Bush in the Oval Office. critics get you down if somebody disagrees Just a question I have. I know you have with you in your class. Work your hardest a package before Congress now, but beyond for what you believe in. And that’s what that, however long it takes to get through, I’m trying to do. And I’m going to keep beyond that, what type of things are you on trying to do it. doing or do you plan to do to try to help And I’ve had to make tough decisions. the economy with jobs? I’m a senior man- Good God, a year ago, I was. I thought ager, and I’m facing laying off many people about that in church today. It wasn’t an easy at the company that I work at. decision to commit some of your neighbors The President. The investment bill we’ve here to war. But you’ve got to do your best, got before the Congress I believe really will and you’ve got to take the shots that come work. We fought—and I can understand your way and say, ‘‘Hey, that goes with the Joe’s frustration—we fought for some of territory.’’ these incentives, changes in the IRA’s, cap- But I believe in this country. I believe ital gains, for 2 years and have just not got- that we are good and decent and honorable. ten them through Congress. Now there’s I believe we are the leaders of the free enough awareness there that I believe the world. I believe that our workers can com- package we have that includes those two pete with anybody. And now we’ve got to things, also includes the first-time tax break get the programs to free that up and get for homeowners, plus several others— them going. So don’t let the pessimists get there’s seven points in it—will help stimu- you down. We are the United States of late the economy immediately. America, and we got something moving. We have a family tax credit that’s in the And now we’ve got to get this through so overall bill. It’s a longer term; it has to be the people in New Hampshire are lifted up. done by this year, but it’s not in those seven That’s the way I approach it.

269 Feb. 16 / Administration of George Bush, 1992

We can hear you. I’ll repeat it. between a man and a woman as a breeding proposition. I recognize there are dif- Health Care ferences on this question, but I happen to Q. Can you tell us a little bit about the favor life. And I am appalled at the num- health insurance plan? bers of abortions that are going on. They The President. The health insurance plan. are exponentially rising, and it’s a tragedy. And again, it’s not a campaign plan; it is Some people use it as a birth control device. up there for congressional consideration. It So, I just have a difference, an honest dif- is built on this basis, building on this basis: ference of opinion on that one. I’m not We have the best quality health care in the going to change my views. world, the best. If not, why would neighbors But I certainly think the way you phrase from far and wide come to this country for it—I don’t think people should look at af- specialized, strong health care? So, I want fection between a man and a woman as that to change it in the sense that I want every- kind of ugly thing. When you have a rela- body to have access, everybody, rich or tionship, I hope it’s based on something that poor, to have access to insurance. And our has more affection. Maybe love, we ought program is built on that. to try that one on for size; maybe a little A person that doesn’t have a job or is more education than we’ve had in trying impoverished gets this insurance, they get to teach people that indiscriminate sex is the insurance. Middle-income people, they not good. And we’re having an awful lot get deductions to permit them to put less of disease because of indiscriminate sex. money in the Government and more to get And we have a lot of broken families, kids the insurance with. It is built on access, and that nobody knows their name. And we’ve that will keep us from turning to a state- got to find ways to strengthen the family. run system. All these things I think we could agree I hear a lot of campaign rhetoric in New on, whether we agree on that question or Hampshire about let’s have a nationalized not, of whether you want abortion or wheth- plan. What they mean there is a plan where er you happen to favor life and adoption, the Government makes all the decisions. as I do. And that is wrong. And our plan will cost about $100 billion. We’ve sent up page after page of how to pay for it. But one of the Line-Item Veto ways is to cut down on these frivolous lawsuits that compel our doctors to go to all Q. Mr. President, could you comment on kinds of duplication in their care. Too many how you might motivate Congress to adopt lawsuits, and too much liability for these the line-item veto? One of the concerns people. clearly is that the budget needs to be con- So the answer is to keep what works and trolled, and that might be a message. build on what works and make insurance The President. Well, the question is, for available and have access to all. And that’s those who didn’t hear it here, how do you where the program—— motivate the Congress to go for the line- Which one of you two want to ask this, item veto? reluctantly, but go ahead. One, I strongly support it. Forty-three Governors have it. I don’t think you’ve got Abortion it in New Hampshire, but 43 Governors Q. What do you have to say to the women across the State have it, across the country. of America who feel that they’re being re- And it gives the executives the chance to duced to breeders by your antichoice stand? make the tough decision. So again it goes The President. Being introduced to what? back to Joe’s question: How do you get it I didn’t hear the question. done? And the only way I know to get it Q. Breeders by your antichoice stand. done is to keep advocating it and to get The President. Breeders? the kind of people in Washington that Q. Yes. would support it. The President. I’ve never looked at love And I’m going to keep on doing that be-

270 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / Feb. 18 cause—I don’t believe it would solve this you’ve suggested. We’ve done some home- guy’s question, or lady’s question, whoever work since we’ve been privileged to live in asked it originally, about the balanced budg- the White House. When Abraham Lincoln et. I’m not suggesting that there are enough was President he lived right on the second items you could hack out of there unilater- floor of the White House, and he had his ally to do that overnight. But it would make bedroom down at one end of the hall, same a tremendous job. place where Barbara and I have the bed- I’m all for Lawrence Welk. Lawrence room now. And the people could come up Welk is a wonderful man—he used to be, and wander into the White House and say, or was, or wherever he is now, bless him. ‘‘Hey, we want to see Abe,’’ and give him [Laughter] But we don’t need $700,000 for their view. It was pretty good. I mean, it a Lawrence Welk Museum when we’ve got was a good system in a sense. tough times and people in New Hampshire Now you’ve got some problems from that, are hurting. And there’s the kind of thing most of them of a security nature. You’ve that could be line-itemed out of the budget, got a lot of nuts out there. You’ve got a and I think we need it. We really do need lot of crazy people wandering around that it. you can’t take a chance with. Right over there in the middle. Yes, sir. Let me think about it. I don’t know Accessibility of the President whether there’s a better way to kind of just pluck a name out of the phone book or Q. ——I was wondering if you ever con- get some guy that was thrown out of work, sidered meeting groups of people one-on- for example, to come there as an individual one—[inaudible]—with this problem of the with no staff and no preparation. Maybe different groups. I know you have a staff there is because I’m not going to shoot it and can’t do everything, but local people— down as a lousy idea. [inaudible]—will help you win the election. Go ahead. The President. Interesting suggestion. His Q. [Inaudible] point is, he said not a lot of people would The President. I’ll tell you how we do a want to have my job, but a lot of people lot of that is through the different groups would know exactly how to run it. I think that represent these people. But that’s not that was the premise. But have you consid- maybe as good as what you’re suggesting ered, he says, meeting one-on-one with in- here. There may be a way we can do more dividual people? And the Cabinet, he says, of that. You go to these hospitals and talk can do their job, but that may not be as to an AIDS family, or something, you get representative as you get it down closer to a better feel. And we do a fair amount of the grassroots. Is that a fair repetition? that. But maybe there’s more. I mean, I Not bad, not a bad question at all. Good think it’s a good suggestion. observation. I do get a ton of mail. And They tell me we’ve got to go, all nervous- people say, ‘‘Well, you don’t understand the looking people over here, because we’re heartbreak out there.’’ I really believe I do. heading on. But listen, thank you very I don’t think you have to have an experience much. And may I ask you to vote for me yourself to understand it. Do you want me on Tuesday. We need your support. Thank to put this on a real personal basis for you? you very, very much. Barbara and I lost a child. Some people here haven’t done that. I wouldn’t suggest that if that experience hadn’t come to your family, that you would be less concerned about a neighbor who went through that. We care about it. We are in touch. I read the mail. I hear a lot of cries from the heart Note: The President spoke at 11:45 a.m. at from people—many, many ways. Friends re- Hollis/Brookline High School. In his reporting of neighbors out of work, whatever marks, he referred to Kathryn M. Wienslaw, it may be. cochairman of the Bush-Quayle campaign I don’t know how to implement what in New Hampshire.

271 Feb. 18 / Administration of George Bush, 1992

Statement by Press Secretary Fitzwater on the President’s Meeting With President Mircea Snegur of Moldova February 18, 1992

The President and Moldovan President that the U.S. and Moldova will establish Mircea Snegur met for 20 minutes today diplomatic relations and exchange Ambas- in the Oval Office. It was the first meeting sadors in the near future. The President also between the two leaders. The President re- expressed our commitment to continue U.S. iterated U.S. recognition of Moldovan inde- humanitarian and technical assistance to pendence and the two Presidents agreed Moldova.

Statement on the New Hampshire Presidential Primary Victory February 18, 1992

I am delighted tonight to have won the The message of tonight is that Americans New Hampshire primary. are concerned about the future. I have the Mindful of New Hampshire’s proud his- right answers, and I will take my case to tory in selecting Presidents, I am indebted the voters in the next 81⁄2 months. The goal to all those in the State who voted for me, of my campaign is to win reelection in No- and my special thanks go to our able cam- vember. I will campaign vigorously in those paign leaders and to the volunteers who States whose primaries lie ahead. I am con- worked so hard. fident of winning our party’s nomination This election was far closer than many and the election. had predicted. I think the opponents on I want to thank the voters of New Hamp- both sides reaped the harvest of discontent shire, as well as Governor Gregg, Senators with the pace of New Hampshire’s econ- Rudman and Smith, Congressman Zeliff, omy. I understand the message of dis- Hugh Gregg, Gordon Humphrey, and the satisfaction. My most immediate task has rest of my leadership team. been to get Congress to enact some very Once again, I am pleased to have finished sensible, sound proposals that will help get first in New Hampshire. Now, on to the this Nation’s economy going forward. South.

Presidential Determination No. 92–15—Memorandum on Export- Import Bank Services for South Africa February 18, 1992

Memorandum for the Secretary of State 1) determine that significant progress toward the elimination of apartheid has been made in South Africa; 2) authorize and direct you to transmit Subject: Determination to Permit Export- to the Congress a statement describing Import Bank Financing for Exports to the and explaining this determination. Government of South Africa or Its Agencies You are further authorized and directed Pursuant to the authority vested in me to publish this memorandum in the Federal by section 2(b)(9) of the Export-Import Register. Bank Act of 1945, as amended (12 U.S.C. 635(b)(9)) (the ‘‘Act’’), I hereby: GEORGE BUSH

272 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / Feb. 19

[Filed with the Office of the Federal Reg- Note: This memorandum was released by ister, 4:43 p.m., February 27, 1992] the Office of the Press Secretary on Feb- ruary 19.

Presidential Determination No. 92–16—Memorandum on Assistance for Angola February 18, 1992

Memorandum for the Secretary of State (2) authorize the furnishing of up to $1.5 Subject: Foreign Assistance for Angola million of Economic Support Funds made Pursuant to the authority vested in me available for fiscal year 1991 for support for by section 614(a)(1) of the Foreign Assist- democratization in Angola; and ance Act of 1961, as amended, 22 U.S.C. (3) authorize the furnishing of up to $13 2364(a)(1), I hereby: million from funds made available for the (1) determine that it is important to the Development Fund for Africa for fiscal year security interests of the United States to 1992 for support for democratization in An- furnish assistance described in paragraphs gola and to address other pressing needs (2) and (3) below notwithstanding section in Angola in the period until elections are 512 of the Foreign Operations, Export Fi- completed. nancing, and Related Programs Appropria- You are hereby directed to transmit this tions Act, 1991 (Public Law 101–513); sec- determination to the Congress and to pub- tion 512 as applied to fiscal year 1992 pur- lish it in the Federal Register. suant to the Joint Resolution making con- GEORGE BUSH tinuing appropriations for fiscal year 1992, and for other purposes (Public Law 102– [Filed with the Office of the Federal Reg- 145); other acts making appropriations for ister, 4:44 p.m., February 27, 1992] foreign operations, export financing, and related programs for fiscal year 1992; and any Note: This memorandum was released by other provision of law within the scope of the Office of the Press Secretary on Feb- section 614(a)(1); ruary 19.

Memorandum Delegating Authority to Report on the Rebuilding of Kuwait February 18, 1992

Memorandum for the Secretary of Code, I hereby delegate to you the func- Commerce tions vested in me by section 606(f) of the Persian Gulf Conflict Supplemental Author- Subject: Delegation Reporting Obligations ization and Personnel Benefits Act of 1991 Pursuant to Section 606(f) of the Persian (Public Law 102–25, 105 Stat. 111) relating Gulf Conflict Supplemental Authorization to periodic reports to the Congress with re- and Personnel Benefits Act of 1991 spect to contracting for the rebuilding of By the authority vested in me as Presi- Kuwait. dent by the Constitution and the laws of The functions delegated by this memo- the United States of America, including sec- randum shall be exercised in coordination tion 301 of title 3 of the United States with the Secretary of State, the Army Corps

273 Feb. 19 / Administration of George Bush, 1992 of Engineers, and such other executive de- [Filed with the Office of the Federal Reg- partments and agencies as you may deem ister, 2:43 p.m., February 28, 1992] appropriate. You are authorized and directed to publish this memorandum in the Federal Reg- Note: This memorandum was released by ister. the Office of the Press Secretary on Feb- GEORGE BUSH ruary 19.

Exchange With Reporters in Knoxville, Tennessee February 19, 1992

The President. Well, I’m sure people think I have to do better, is get this message would like to ask questions about the elec- to the country and particularly these south- tion, so fire away. ern States, if you want an election contest, about what we’re trying to do to help people New Hampshire Primary Results that are hurting, what we’re trying to do Q. Mr. President, did you feel that the in the Congress to enlist support to get our voters in New Hampshire, with the message sound proposals through and beat back the of dissatisfaction, were expressing dis- Democratic proposals. satisfaction with you? And what are you And the last point is, it’s a little ironic going to change? that the Democratic frontrunner, and could The President. Well, I’m not sure of that. well be the party standard bearer, opposes I think there was a lot of pounding on me, what the Democrats in the House of Rep- five Democrats, one Republican, and a cer- resentatives are doing. I mean, they’re out tain editorial policy up there that for 9 of step with their own leader at this point. weeks did nothing but hit me, with no de- So, there are mixed signals. But look, I’ve fense on my part. Some of these Congress- been in tough fights before, Rita [Rita men with me today said, ‘‘Hey, since when Beamish, Associated Press], and I’m looking has an 18-point victory been considered forward to this one. anything other than a landslide?’’ Q. Do you admire Tsongas, Mr. Presi- Now, I’m not saying that I wouldn’t have dent? liked to do better. But I’m satisfied with The President. I’m not admiring him. He’s the results. And now we’re down here, and knocking my socks off, and so are the other we’re going to take this guy on in every four, and so is the other candidate. But single State. I’d have to do a little definition we’re in a new territory now. If you don’t of who it is because all I did was lay back believe me, ask these guys. and get hammered by these Democrats and Q. Was this the result, in part, of waiting to some degree by Pat. And so, it’s a new for the State of the Union Address to out- ball game, and we’re coming out strong. line what you wanted to do to help the I must say that I feel good today. I economy? Do you think you might have thought I might be a little down because done better in New Hampshire if you had of the earliest reports that some of you all started fighting with the Democrats on put on the air and some of your interpreta- these issues last year, as some urged you tions. Now, with an 18-point win, most peo- to do? ple say, ‘‘Hey, that’s not bad.’’ Try to sell The President. Well, I don’t know. That’s some guy over here that an 18-point victory a good question, Brit [Brit Hume, ABC in a political race isn’t anything other than News]. But it didn’t lighten up after I did a good victory. have the State of the Union Message, and So, we’re going to go forward now. The so I didn’t notice a change there. I noticed other thing I’ve got to do, though, I do them trying to be very critical of that. I

274 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / Feb. 19 can’t say no to that, but I don’t know nessee had 6,700 reservists and guardsmen enough about it, how it would have worked volunteer. One community of 1,000 had 18 the other way. people. This is the Volunteer State. People are still very proud of the fact that this— The Economy of Desert Storm. And there’s a national Q. Is this a sign that having a plan, how- pride there; there’s a pride in having a ever plausible, is simply not going to be strong America. That’s my position: a strong enough this year, that you’re going to have America and having led a very triumphant to have not a plan for a recovery but an and very important war over there. So, I’ll actual recovery? be taking that message, along with the mes- The President. Well, I think there’s good sage of economic change, economic hope. signs about recovery. I mean, I kept point- Mine’s not going to be a pessimistic mes- ing out the interest rates are down; inflation sage, and it’s for certain things. is down. Today, housing starts—I don’t Q. Sir, was it a political mistake—— know if you’ve seen it—took a rather dra- The President. I’ll be with you in just one matic kick up. I think people feel that the second. You’re the next in line. Get this economy is poised for recovery. one, and then right there. And let’s remember, New Hampshire people were hurting. New Hampshire was disproportionately affected by recession. Tax Cut Now, you talk to the people in Tennessee Q. Was it a political mistake to hold back and yes, some people here have problems, on the $500 personal exemption increase, but generally the State is upbeat. They feel to put that in your long-term package? we can whip these problems. Whether it made economic sense or not, And so, I’ve got to get this—what I really was it a political blunder? want to do is get something done in terms The President. Well, I don’t think it’s a of stimulating the economy. That first-time political blunder. It was grossly misinter- homebuyers credit is very important, and preted. The question was whether—the op- the whole rest of our incentives, capital position was saying it wasn’t in there at all. gains. It’s interesting, again, to note that the And I want that whole package passed, and Democratic frontrunner is talking about I’d like it passed now. But what I have said, capital gains also. and said in the State of the Union, here’s So, we’ve got to do better getting it some short-term things; let’s get those through Congress. And I’m going to just passed now. And here’s the bigger package; keep fighting. I’ll tell you another thing I’m let’s pass that this year. But I don’t think going to do. I’m not taking anything for it’s a blunder. I think there was gross granted. I’m going to stay out here across misrepresentation. this country—I’ve been in tough fights be- Charles [Charles Bierbauer, CNN]. Ran- fore—roll up my sleeves and go after them. dall [Randall Pinkston, CBS News], you’re next in line right after him. Presidential Primaries Q. Are you going to emphasize your conservative credentials now? Presidential Primaries The President. I think I’ve got them, and Q. Mr. President, you say you need to I think, yes, they’re clearly there. And I define Pat Buchanan. How do you define think most people understand that. But we him? might have to define the opponent. I’ve The President. Well, we’re debating that. been very kind and gentle. I’ll still be kind, You just tell the truth. You just tell the and I’m now debating how gentle to be—— truth. Q. What do you think the people should Q. What would that be? know about Buchanan? The President. Well, I don’t think Social The President. ——because I’m a little bit Security ought to be voluntary. That’s the tired—well, I’ll give you an example. I’ll Bush position. give you an example. This State of Ten- Q. How does that define Pat Buchanan?

275 Feb. 19 / Administration of George Bush, 1992

The President. Well, people go ask him gress to do what they should have done a what he thinks about it. long time ago. And I think people in this Q. Don’t you risk having a divided party State know that the Democrats that control in the fall if you attack him hard? the Congress are out of step with the Amer- The President. That’s a danger, but he ican people. So, I’ve got to get that message doesn’t worry about that. I’ve been attacked across a little more clearly. hard. I think I’ve seen that in—but it’s One more, and then I’ve got to go. much better to stay on the positive plane. Q. It sounds like you’re endorsing the I’ll point out what I’m for. I was for what Tsongas economic plan. Tennessee did in supporting Desert Storm. The President. No, he’s endorsed our I am for protecting those on Social Security. plan. And there’s a wide array of things that we Presidential Primaries can point out that are positive. And then you all can make the interpretation. Q. Do you think Buchanan will be fin- That’s the kind side. It might not be as ished after Super Tuesday? gentle as just forgetting about it altogether. The President. I’m not making any pre- But I was a little sick and tired of getting dictions. That’s the kinder side; I’m going pounded by five Democrats day-in and day- to stay out of that. I’m going to just focus out, not responding, and similarly, by the on what I think is best for this country and Republican challenger whom I beat by 18 proclaiming, hey, 58–40, a lot different than points. And I’m going to stay, you know, I heard some of you guys talking about ear- taking a positive message across the country. lier last evening when, I admit, I was a little Mr. Fitzwater. We’re running a little bit tense. Little tense, John [John Cochran, behind, Mr. President. NBC News], with a couple of reports I heard there. But now when the results are The Economy in, people across the country are saying, Q. ——yesterday’s results, Mr. President, ‘‘You mean somebody is going to say that do you believe that it is still possible to 58–40 is not a good victory?’’ And you’ve meet that March 20th deadline, or are all got a lot of talking heads out there that the bets off now, and Congress is just going don’t agree with that, but let’s see how they to dig in and make sure that you don’t get try that one on in Tennessee. I think they’re any kind of economic growth package? going to say that’s pretty good. The President. When their standard bear- Q. Are the gloves off, Mr. Bush? er, the guy up front, has the same program The President. No, no, the gloves are still in terms of what he thinks needs to be done on. Gloves are still on. Gloves are still on. for the economy, really essentially a Repub- Q. ——running against an incumbent lican program, I would think they’d take a President? look at that. The voters up there on their The President. Do you remember the side seemed to give some endorsement to Reagan-Ford race? that economic plan that called for a capital Q. And what did Ford do in November? gains reduction and stood out against this The President. No, don’t worry about No- 25-cents-a-day tax cut that’s going to raise vember. everybody’s taxes over the years. And so, I’m not going to give up on trying Note: The exchange began at 9:50 a.m. on to get the Congress to move. We’re going the President’s arrival at McGhee-Tyson to stay in there and fight to get the Con- Airfield.

276 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / Feb. 19

Remarks at a Cooperative Research and Development Agreement Signing Ceremony in Oak Ridge, Tennessee February 19, 1992

Thank you for that welcome. Well, thank been making for 3 years. And our future you so much. What a beautiful day in Ten- economic competitiveness demands that we nessee. Thank you all. Let me just first start invest in an area in which we’ve always led off by recognizing two who have been intro- the world, and I’m talking about something duced, two members of my Cabinet, both you all know a lot about, research and de- should be familiar to you all. First, the Sec- velopment. retary of Energy, Jim Watkins, who’s doing Our challenge now is to put more of these an outstanding job not just in the field of incredible technologies to work for the energy but in education and so many other America of this decade and beyond. We’ve things, standing here next to me. And I been busy sweeping away the obstacles that heard that nice reception for the hometown inhibit the transfer of technology from the kid—[laughter]—but we refer to him as the Government over to the private enterprise Secretary of Education, the distinguished sector. Two years ago, I signed a bill that former Governor Lamar Alexander. And allows private industry to take advantage of you talk about a man who’s doing a great Government research. And there are 675 job for his country. public-private agreements that are active I know that this is the district of a very today, 675. distinguished Congresswoman, Marilyn And today, we witness another one. Coors Lloyd, who couldn’t be with us. But I want Ceramics Company and the Oak Ridge Na- to re-present three with whom I work very tional Lab are going to attack one of the closely in the Congress, Congressmen obstacles to wider use of durable, efficient, Jimmy Quillen and Don Sundquist and and lightweight ceramic parts: machining Jimmy Duncan, who are also right down ceramics without destroying their desirable here on the end. And my thanks to Al qualities. Oak Ridge’s high temperature ma- Trivelpiece, the Director of Oak Ridge, and terials lab, a world-class advanced materials to Joe Coors, who’s been introduced, of testing facility, will be working with Amer- Coors structural ceramics. He just handed ican industry to take the world lead in mak- me a ceramic putter. [Laughter] And he ing precision ceramic parts. Ceramic parts said if this fails, and it will, I’ll use it as will be vital to the longer lasting and more a hammer. [Laughter] You know what that’s efficient engines of the future. And we’re all about. in a race with other nations for this multibil- But this agreement today is one that I lion dollar market, and we will get there hope to see repeated across the Nation. first with the best products, thanks to the This agreement, that I’m going to witness, hard work of people right here, the imagina- combines in one place the resources of Gov- tion of these scientists. ernment with the energy and inventiveness And let me make this clear to the rest of private enterprise. And you’re pointing of the country, something that you all know: our country toward the next American cen- Getting there first, in this regard, means tury. jobs, American jobs. Now, Coors moved In the old era, now ending, many of here 2 years ago precisely to take advantage America’s best scientists were engaged in of the expertise and high-tech facilities here winning the cold war. Well, the new era at Oak Ridge. And that means 85 new jobs will free up those priceless talents to con- here because of this partnership. And this centrate on the technologies of tomorrow, is just one of the 25 cooperative agreements improving productivity and guaranteeing at this lab alone. our long-term prosperity. We will transform One of the reasons I’m here is to help get the arsenal of democracy into the engine the message out. Our national technology of economic growth. It’s going to take the initiative, which Admiral Watkins is spear- right kind of investments, the kind we’ve heading and helping us spearhead, is bring-

277 Feb. 19 / Administration of George Bush, 1992 ing Government officials together with pri- be pleased to witness the signing of the vate businesses to let them know what Gov- agreement. I believe that’s going to take ernment can offer in technology. We must place. Here it is. Thank you all very much. move these developments out of the laboratory and into the marketplace and create Note: The President spoke at 10:52 a.m. at more American jobs. And that’s what this is the Oak Ridge National Laboratory. Alvin about. Trivelpiece, Director of the Laboratory, and I’m very, very pleased to be here with Joe Coors, Jr., president and chairman of you all today. So without further ado, I’ll Coors Ceramics Co., signed the agreement.

Remarks to Community and Business Leaders in Knoxville, Tennessee February 19, 1992

Thank you for such a warm welcome Larry Martin and Jack Hammontree and back. And thank you, Senator Baker, my Susan Shay. And I’m pleased that John Wa- esteemed friend, for that overly generous ters of the TVA could join us here today. introduction. I feel very much at home, and I’m de- May I extend my greetings to another lighted to be here. Tennessee is a State with longtime friend, Mayor Victor Ashe, who is a special significance for me. After all, it’s doing a great job here in this community, the Volunteer State. And during Operation and to thank all of the other Knoxville com- Desert Storm you proved it all over again. munity leaders here today. And I’m not sure So let me take this opportunity, thinking that that description includes the marvelous back a year just almost from this minute, music we’ve had, but my thanks to those when the ground war started, let me take from the Vols over here who provided some this opportunity to thank the 6,700 Ten- upbeat sounds. And I also want to single nessee reservists and National Guard who out with great pride two Cabinet members were called up for Desert Storm and who who are with me here today: First, our Sec- served this State and served this country retary of Energy, Jim Watkins, doing a su- with such distinction. perb job, with us over here, Jim; and then, It’s a pleasure to be here in Knoxville, of course, one that you all know so well, for what you’ve done here is a model for Lamar Alexander, our Secretary of Edu- the Nation. This city combines in one place cation. the enthusiasm of cutting-edge research, the You may know that Lamar, as part of his resources of Government, and then the en- mission to promote lifetime learning in ergy, the dynamic energy of the private en- keeping with one of our education goals, terprise. You are pointing our country to- one is never too old to learn, convinced me ward the next American century. to learn how to use a computer. It’s really We stand today at what I think most peo- paid off. I can now make typographical er- ple would agree is a pivot point in history, rors twice as fast as I used to on the type- at the end of one era and the beginning writer. of another. As imperial communism died And may I also single out three Members and as the clouds of the cold war part, of the Tennessee congressional delegation, America stands alone, the undisputed leader Jimmy Duncan, Jimmy Quillen, and Don of the world. The old era demanded great Sundquist, all three doing a fantastic job sacrifices of our country; we met them, each for us in Washington. And a very heartfelt and every one of them. But the new era thanks, quick thanks, to the people at the opens up to us limitless possibilities, fresh Knoxville Chamber of Commerce who challenges of the kind that have always helped pull this magnificent event together, brought out the best in America.

278 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / Feb. 19

For the short term, of course, our chal- pete, and it will win. lenge is to fire up the economy. I’ve put This century has taught us many lessons. together a two-part plan, starting with a But above them all stands an overarching short-term package, seven commonsense truth: If America is to succeed economically steps to spur investment and create jobs. at home, we must lead economically abroad. With inflation down and interest rates lower Now, our leadership ensures markets for than they’ve been in 20 years, our plan of- American products and jobs for American fers incentives to business to buy equip- workers. And it gives us room to spread ment, upgrade their plants, and start hiring our wings and show the world what we can again. It offers a real boost to the housing do. Let us never forget: Our national sym- market, often at the forefront of economic bol is the eagle; it is not the ostrich. recovery, with a $5,000 tax credit for first- Each generation of Americans makes an time homebuyers. implicit compact with the generations that I have asked the Congress to pass this follow. We pledge that their opportunities plan by March 20th. You may have heard will be greater than ours. Our generation about other tax plans floated up on Capitol will make good on that pledge but only if Hill. The House Democrats are offering 25 we continue to lead the world. cents a day, literally, in income tax relief So for the last 3 years, my administration in exchange for cuts in Medicare, student has been laying the foundation for Ameri- loans, farm payments, and true to form, a ca’s continued leadership. We’ve ap- large permanent tax increase. That plan will deepen the deficit by $30 billion and cost proached this pivot point in history, this mo- jobs as well. That is a lose-lose proposition ment of unparalleled opportunity, with a if ever there was one. Here in Knoxville, positive strategy to build on the enduring let me again remind the United States Con- strengths of the American people, our ca- gress: We are a month and a day away from pacity for hard work, our cutting-edge tech- the deadline. Help your country. Put poli- nology, our willingness to take risks. To con- tics aside for just those 31 days that it takes. tinue as the world’s economic leader we No more games. Pass our plan and get this must excel in two vital areas: education and economy moving again all across the coun- technology. That’s where our future lies. try. Our strategy must target both, and it does. But then we must look forward, beyond American science is the best in the world. the short-term into the next century. Be- We’ve got to make sure that the same is lieve it or not, looking forward has become true of American science education. Tomor- a more radical notion than it sounds. For row’s marketplace will demand workers some quarters, we hear the dim voice of highly skilled in math and science. Ten- defeatism, that tin trumpet sounding re- nesseans know the importance of that, and treat. We’re told that our future lies in turn- I thank you for lending me your Governor ing away from the world, pulling down the and U.T. president, Lamar Alexander. He’s shades, and hoping that the rest of the on the cutting edge. He’s out front in trying world just goes away. Well, don’t be fooled to revolutionize the schools in this country. by the tough talk and the patriotic bluster. Through our America 2000 education strat- Protectionism comes from fear, fear that egy, we’re getting that education message American workers can’t compete, fear that to the rest of the country. American ingenuity is spent, fear that we Working with the Nation’s Governors, must turn away from the world because we Secretary Alexander and I set six ambitious can no longer lead the world. That’s not education goals, done on a bipartisan basis, the future that I see for the United States wasn’t Republican, Democrat, liberal, con- of America. The America of the future must servative. The Governors came together embrace challenges, not cut and run. It under Lamar’s leadership, and we came up must put back the frontiers of knowledge with these goals. And one of the most im- and technology and use our great strengths portant ones was this: By the year 2000, of individual initiative and determination. If American students will be first in the world we do, the America of the future will com- in math and science. The budget that I’ve

279 Feb. 19 / Administration of George Bush, 1992 recently submitted to Congress calls for transportation R&D. To relieve our over- more than $2 billion in math and science burdened highways and airports, we’re stim- education programs. That’s more than a ulating research in new transportation tech- 120-percent increase over the past 3 years nologies such as intelligent vehicle-highway for programs at the precollege level. systems and high-speed rail. Some of you Just 2 years ago, when I was last here unintelligent drivers beware; you may be rein your wonderful city, I mentioned that placed. our Energy Secretary, Jim Watkins, had We’re increasing investment in bio- joined up with U.T. and Oak Ridge to start technology research for a total of more than a new math and science academy for Ameri- $4 billion, so that we continue to lead the ca’s teachers. Once again, Tennessee set the world in conquering disease and relieving pace for our country. To better train teach- world hunger. Now, this research can pay ers, we plan to double the number of math dividends undreamed of just a few years and science instructors receiving federally ago, not only in health care but in manufac- assisted in-depth instruction in their field. turing, energy, and in environmental protec- This year, almost half the Nation’s tion. One recent development: microorga- precollege math and science teachers will nisms that emit light signals when they en- receive some federally funded training. counter pollution in the environment. In the old era now ending, many of our And there’s much more, substantial in- best scientists helped America win the cold creases for the superconducting super war. The new era will free up those price- collider, agricultural research, and the de- less talents to transform the arsenal of development of advanced materials. We will mocracy into the engine of economic double the budget for the National Science growth. That is the mission, that is the chal- Foundation, home to some of our most fan- lenge of the nineties. tastic scientific and technological advances. It will take the right kind of investments, the kind we’ve been making for years, for And for a generation, when Americans 3 years. And these have been tough deci- have looked to the future, they have looked sions. This year, I’ve asked for a freeze on to the stars. Well, we’re intensifying our ef- discretionary domestic spending—got to do forts to explore the Moon and the planets, that for the overall budget—which means a quest that not only lifts our spirits but that any increases have to be the result of brings tangible benefits in new technology hard thinking about priorities. Well, we’ve and economic growth. done the hard thinking, and we’ve made These incredible technologies can’t just sit a fundamental decision. Our future eco- in the science books; they need to work nomic competitiveness demands that we infor America. And so, we’re moving them vest today in one of our greatest strengths, out of the laboratory and into the market- research and development. And I’ve asked place. We’ve been busy sweeping away the for a record investment in R&D, $76 billion obstacles that block the transfer of tech- next year alone. nology from the Government to private en- Now, let me give you just a few examples terprise. And just over, I think it was 2 years of what this means. This year we’re invest- ago, I signed a bill that allows private indus- ing $803 million to assist private enterprise try to take competitive advantage of Gov- in the development of a high-performance ernment research. computing system 1,000 times more power- There are 675 public-private agreements ful than today’s computer. And such a sys- active today. In fact, I had a great morning. tem will forecast droughts and hurricanes, I just witnessed another one out at Oak design better aircraft, unlock the riddle of Ridge this morning. The Coors Structural the genome. Ceramics Company and Oak Ridge will be We’re investing more than $1 billion for perfecting a new ceramic material that’s research in energy technologies to improve tougher than steel. In fact, Coors has de- energy efficiency, nuclear fusion, clean coal cided to locate in this area to be near the technologies, and alternatives to petroleum. scientists and facilities at Oak Ridge. And in We’re investing almost $1.5 billion in doing that, Coors joins more than 20 other

280 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / Feb. 19 companies that have moved to your area for ment by as much as 20 percent. American the same reason. And that’s the bottom line businesses must be able to plan for the fu- of these agreements: jobs for Knoxville, jobs ture knowing those savings are secure. for America. Each one of these measures has world- Our national technology initiative brings shaping implications. There is a strategy for Government officials together with private a competitive, vigorous America, and it businesses to let them know what Govern- springs from a vision of what our future ment can offer in new technology. This ini- should be. The great blessing of our country tiative will take advantage of the irreplace- is that we Americans have the power to cre- able resources at our national labs, including ate our own future. We have that extraor- Oak Ridge, to foster technological excel- dinary opportunity, once again, to guarantee lence. that when our children attend school, they But make no mistake, Government has receive the best education in the world and no business setting what’s known as an in- that when they leave school, they enter a dustrial policy, where you pick winners and growing economy with good jobs of their losers and protect favorite industries from choosing. Let us never forget, the future market forces, no business doing that. The we plan for today belongs to them. lightning pace of today’s economy is too I am fortunate, very, very fortunate to be quick. It’s too vital for the deadening hand President of the United States at an exciting of the bureaucrat. We will continue to lead time in our country’s marvelous history. The only if we give the marketplace full play. world still looks to this great country for A competitive market cuts fat, it encourages leadership. And we have so much to be efficiency, and it rewards innovation. grateful for, and I am proud to serve as That’s why for 3 years we’ve tried to en- your President. courage private venture capital. You know, May God bless you, and God bless the America taxes capital gains at a rate higher United States of America. Thank you very, than any of our world competitors. And yet very much. the same pessimists who complain we can’t compete still stand in the way of lower cap- Note: The President spoke at 12:06 p.m. at ital gains taxes. So, let’s put an end to that the Knoxville Auditorium-Coliseum. In his self-defeating nonsense. Congress must remarks, he referred to former Senator lower that capital gains tax to create jobs, Howard Baker; Jack Hammontree, presi- and the time to lower it is right now. dent, Larry Martin, chairman, and Susan Finally, we’ve asked Congress to make the Shay, member of the board of directors, R&E tax credit a permanent part of the Knoxville Chamber of Commerce; and John Tax Code. For private companies, this cred- B. Waters, member of the Board of Direc- it reduces the cost of research and develop- tors, Tennessee Valley Authority.

Remarks on the Observance of African-American History Month February 19, 1992

Welcome to the White House, and thank here, very famous, all. Welcome. you all very, very much for coming. The And to Mr. Justice White and members finalists and the semifinalists of the McDon- of our Cabinet, Chairman Powell, and others, ald’s Black History Makers of Tomorrow are let me just say that I am honored to join here, and I want to salute them right off you in celebrating African-American History hand, over here. Welcome to the White Month. I’m especially proud to introduce two House. And next let me single out, as a special guests that we’re going to hear fan, the representatives of the Negro League Baseball Players Association, over

281 Feb. 19 / Administration of George Bush, 1992 from in a minute, Maya Angelou and Shir- people like Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr., ley Caesar, right here. who realized ‘‘that the time is always ripe Dr. Angelou, an author, editor, dancer, to do right.’’ And we think of Alex Haley; producer, now the Reynolds professor of a writer described him as a man who American studies at Wake Forest Univer- ‘‘turned loss into pride, history into heritage, sity, she built a career exploring the promise and helped make black America a family of freedom. And her book ‘‘I Know Why again.’’ I’ll never forget ‘‘Roots.’’ You’ll the Caged Bird Sings’’ has thrilled readers never forget Alex Haley. And then we think and students by making the case for de- of A. Philip Randolph, the labor leader who cency and courage and hope and determina- fought to desegregate the military. Jesse tion. Owens, whose triumph humiliated Hitler, And our other guest is, of course, one before the entire world, I might add. of America’s greatest gospel singers. George Washington Carver, Rosa Parks, Dr. Grammy award-winning—brought some Charles Drew, Benjamin Banneker, the leg- family along to celebrate, I see, but never acy of the Tuskegee airmen. We think of mind, that’s fine even in the White House, Mr. Justice, right here in the front row, our Shirley—Grammy award-winning Shirley dear friend Clarence Thomas. And we Caesar has long lifted her voice to sing the think, of course, of Colin Powell. bittersweet song of gospel. And her mes- These pioneers and many like them sage, like the words of the well-known an- peered over the rim of the possible and them, is ‘‘full of the faith that the dark past dared to walk where others had only has taught us and the hope that the present dreamed. We, too, stand at the edge of a has brought us.’’ frontier, the frontier of brotherhood, the African-American History Month lets us frontier of a better tomorrow. It’s up to us reflect on our past, its triumphs and its trag- to see beyond old divides and set our sights edies, and it bids us to celebrate and to on new common ground. And as we con- remember. But while we may use this time tinue our efforts to create prosperity for all, to stop and take stock of race relations, we we must also create new trust, a new toler- must guard against the trap of viewing black ance, a new opportunity. And we will. experience solely against the backdrop of There is not, and there will never be, a race. place in America for hatred, for prejudice, Too often the book of black history is de- for intolerance. And this is not America; this fined only by the chapters, important is not us. And let’s push back the small though they may be, of slavery and emanci- crowds who preach hatred. Let’s create pation and civil rights. African-American room for the American dream, for a land History Month puts on view a whole world where all God’s children sing in the joyous of African-American experience, experience songs of freedom. And so, that’s our chal- that has often pushed back the boundaries lenge. And I hope it will form the next of race relations, but that is not always and chapter of our national history. only defined by them. And so, thank you all very, very much. This month explores another chapter, Af- And now for what we all came to hear. ricans’ roots explore new worlds. It cele- First, I’ve introduced you to Dr. Angelou, brates the black pathfinders and trailblazers but I believe, Shirley, you are the lead-off who pushed back the bounds of the un- hitter. And these guys would know exactly known and expanded the boundaries of what that means. So come on up, Shirley knowledge. Explorers like Pedro Nin˜ o, who Caesar. followed the stars to a new world; pioneers like Guion Bluford, Jr., who parted the stars toward the unknown; or Arctic explorer Matthew Henson, who braved the edge of creation at the newfound North Pole. And then, of course, we salute other black pioneers, pioneers whose compass was cour- Note: The President spoke at 5 p.m. in the age, whose map, moral vision. These are East Room at the White House.

282 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / Feb. 19

Message to the Senate Transmitting the Protocol Amending the Australia-U.S. Extradition Treaty February 19, 1992

To the Senate of the United States: ty and expands upon the dual criminality With a view to receiving the advice and approach contained in that Treaty. The Pro- consent of the Senate to ratification, I trans- tocol also provides a legal basis for tempo- mit herewith the Protocol Amending the rarily surrendering prisoners to stand trial Treaty on Extradition between the United for crimes against the laws of the requesting States of America and Australia, signed at State. The provisions in this Protocol follow Seoul on September 4, 1990. I also transmit generally the form and content of extra- for the information of the Senate the report dition treaties recently concluded by the of the Department of State with respect to United States. the Protocol. This Protocol will make a significant con- The Protocol supplements and amends tribution to international cooperation in law the Treaty on Extradition between the enforcement. I recommend that the Senate United States of America and Australia, give early and favorable consideration to the signed at Washington on May 14, 1974. It Protocol and give its advice and consent to is designed to update and standardize the ratification. conditions and procedures for extradition GEORGE BUSH between the United States and Australia. Most significant, it removes an outdated list The White House, of extraditable offenses from the 1974 Trea- February 19, 1992.

Message to the Congress Reporting Budget Rescissions and Deferrals February 19, 1992

To the Congress of the United States: ment of Agriculture. In accordance with the Congressional The details of the proposed rescission and Budget and Impoundment Control Act of deferrals are contained in the attached re- 1974, I herewith report one rescission pro- port. posal, totaling $16.7 million, one revised deferral, and one new deferral of budget au- GEORGE BUSH thority. Including the revised and the new The White House, deferrals, funds withheld in FY 1992 now February 19, 1992. total $5.6 billion. The proposed rescission affects the De- Note: The attachment detailing the propos- partment of Housing and Urban Develop- als was published in the Federal Register ment. The deferrals affect the Agency for on February 26. International Development and the Depart-

283 Feb. 19 / Administration of George Bush, 1992

Statement by Press Secretary Fitzwater on Establishment of Diplomatic Relations With Azerbaijan, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, and Uzbekistan February 19, 1992

The President has decided that the to these principles. United States will take immediate steps to With this step, and yesterday’s establish- establish diplomatic relations with Azer- ment of diplomatic relations with Moldova, baijan, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, and the United States now has diplomatic rela- Uzbekistan. The United States had recog- tions with 11 of the 12 former Soviet Re- nized their independence on December 25, publics. The United States does not intend 1991. Following Secretary Baker’s recent or seek to isolate the people of Georgia, visit to these countries, the President be- as Secretary Baker said in Moscow. But, at lieves U.S. interests will be best served by this time, the United States is not in a posi- having diplomatic ties to their Govern- tion to establish diplomatic relations with ments. Secretary Baker conducted detailed Georgia. discussions with the leaders of the four The United States will open embassies in countries on the political, economic, and se- these countries by March 15. In addition, curity principles of most importance to the the U.S. will support their membership in United States. The depth, extent, and rich- relevant international organizations, includ- ness of U.S. relations with each of these ing the International Monetary Fund and countries will depend on their commitment World Bank.

Statement by Press Secretary Fitzwater on the President’s Meeting With President Frederick Chiluba of Zambia February 19, 1992

The President and President Frederick lated President Chiluba on moving Zambia Chiluba of Zambia met for approximately into a democratic era. President Bush was 30 minutes in the Oval Office. They had also supportive of President Chiluba’s eco- an excellent meeting, during which they dis- nomic policies, particularly the privatization cussed the political and economic develop- program. ments in Zambia. The President congratu-

Exchange With Reporters Prior to Discussions With Prime Minister Carl Bildt of Sweden February 20, 1992

The President. Well, look who’s here. We’re going to be discussing very important You’re not going to need this, I don’t think. relations between Sweden and the United Q. Mr. President, why have you not con- States and also get into a lot of multilateral demned the latest Israeli invasion into Leb- questions. But that’s it. anon, sir? Q. Will that issue come up in your talks, The President. We’re not going to take sir? any questions at this photo opportunity. The President. Any issues he wants to talk

284 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / Feb. 20 about will be coming up. Q. Shouldn’t you put America first, to Q. Do you think the invasion might ham- quote the famous—— per the current Mideast peace talks? The President. I’d like to think America The President. You missed it. I’m not is first. But that’s the way I look at it. But going to take any questions. Thanks. I don’t think any President would look at Q. Thank you. it differently. But we are going to stay en- [At this point, one group of journalists left gaged around the world. We’ve got a leader- the Oval Office, and a second group en- ship role, and we’re working closely with tered.] leaders from different countries. And clearly, Sweden is a very important country. I Q. Are relations with Sweden different can learn a lot from him—— since Carl Bildt took over? Q. What can you learn? The President. Put it this way: I don’t The President. ——about what’s happen- think they could be much better. And we’re ing in Eastern Europe, for example, what’s very happy with the relations with Sweden. happening in the Baltics, what’s happening We view it, incidentally, as a very important in Europe itself. And I can tell him that bilateral relationship. And I have great re- we plan to stay engaged. And no domestic spect for what this gentleman on my right politics is going to dissuade us from that. is doing and what he has already accom- Q. What specific roles do you see plished. And he’s already had a very good, Sweden—— thorough discussion with the Secretary of The President. Listen guys, this isn’t a State, and now I look forward to having press conference. This is what we call a one with him. But I welcome Prime Min- photo op. But I just really wanted to say, ister Bildt here, and just to say he comes with the Swedish journalists here, a warm to a fertile territory because there’s an awful welcome to this very able Prime Minister. lot of respect for what he’s doing, right here We’re just so pleased he’s here. in this Oval Office, the State Department, Thank you all very much. all across our Government. Q. Do you really have time with Sweden after the setback in New Hampshire? Note: The exchange began at 11:03 a.m. in The President. Yes, I’ve got time for it. the Oval Office at the White House.

Remarks at the Departure Ceremony for Prime Minister Carl Bildt of Sweden February 20, 1992

Mr. Prime Minister, I am delighted to great-great-grandfather was Prime Minister. have welcomed you on your first official But even more, Prime Minister Bildt rep- visit to Washington and to have shared very resents a rising generation of leadership for profitable, congenial talks. a people seeking a new role in Europe and Prime Minister Bildt comes here at a time a new birth of freedom and initiative in when Europe is being transformed and Swedish domestic policy. when Sweden itself is beginning a new We welcome Sweden’s desire to play a chapter in its history. As the Prime Minister more active part in the emerging global remarked on his election night last Septem- community. The Prime Minister is commit- ber, the winds of political change blowing ted to democracy, to free markets. And I through Europe have finally reached Swe- know that as active partners in the common den. endeavor to create a free, open, and pros- Well, he understands well his nation’s perous world, the United States and Swe- past. Just more than 100 years ago, his den will make a real difference.

285 Feb. 20 / Administration of George Bush, 1992

Sweden and the U.S. share a deep and one of the first nations to sign a treaty of unswerving commitment to peace, and Swe- friendship and commerce with a newly den is a vital partner in our global non- independent United States. proliferation efforts. A model peacekeeper, That legacy of partnership continues Sweden has shown its commitment to this today on contemporary issues, for example, function of collective security many times, through the new investor visa arrangements with distinction, in the United Nations sys- our Government agreed upon today. And tem. Sweden has taken a firm stand against after today’s talks I am confident that this terrorism, supporting our efforts to bring to friendship will continue to flourish. justice those who sabotaged Pan Am Flight Mr. Prime Minister, let me explain to you 103. And during the Gulf war, Sweden pro- our sincere thanks for this new spirit of co- vided humanitarian and economic assist- operation and friendship. It strengthens our ance. relations. And your visit has clearly helped Our partnership in the service of freedom build the basis for a solid partnership as and democracy is not a new one. Americans we face together the challenges that lie and Swedes share more than 350 years of ahead. friendship, dating back to 1638 when the Thank you for coming our way. And the Kingdom of Sweden established a colony best of luck to you, sir. along the Christina River in Delaware. American patriots of Swedish origin fought in our Revolutionary War and signed the Note: The President spoke at 1:19 p.m. on Declaration of Independence. Sweden was the South Lawn at the White House.

Statement by Press Secretary Fitzwater on Senate Action on Energy Legislation February 20, 1992

Last night the Senate passed S. 2166, the year 2010. The bill includes increased con- National Energy Security Act of 1992, servation, promotes the use of alternative which marks a substantial milestone in im- fuels for motor vehicles, and permits greater plementing the President’s national energy use of natural gas. We are extremely strategy issued one year ago today. This leg- pleased that the Senate passed the Presi- islation will lead to the creation of hundreds dent’s legislation, and we urge the House of thousands of jobs and keep billions of to also act soon on this vital administration dollars from flowing overseas for the pur- program. chase of foreign oil between now and the

Remarks to the American Legislative Exchange Council February 21, 1992

Thank you for the welcome. May I thank just to come over and say a few words, ex- Fred Noye and Sam Brunelli and all the press my greetings to all of you. others assembled here. This has become an Thinking of ALEC, I wanted to talk here annual ritual, one that I look forward to about how you get things done, the key to very, very much. I don’t know whether Jack good government. And Americans, I think, Kemp is here—he was going to be; been sensible ones, know that the Federal Gov- here. And Sam spoke. I have great con- ernment simply cannot do everything and fidence in both of them. But I really wanted shouldn’t even try. It could get the job

286 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / Feb. 21 done and then let everybody else do his we all understand, you own a piece of the or her job. At ALEC, you get things done. community. And you have a dignity and a And I want to help you do what you do self-respect that simply cannot be equaled best, and that is to lead and to innovate. in any other way. You all look at the world So, we want to take $14.7 billion, maybe differently. You have an interest in improv- Sam talked to you about this, in Federal ing your assets, and you have an interest program funds and turn them over to the in safer, cleaner, better communities. And States as a block grant. And that way people let me simply say, HOPE works. who run the programs can do what works This pork barrel spending—there was an rather than following some distant bureau- amazing article on that in the paper today— crat’s notion of what works. We tried it last year, didn’t get it; we’re trying it again this doesn’t, and we’ve asked Congress to elimi- year. I hope we can make some headway, nate, totally eliminate, 246 programs. All of even though it is an election year. them have noble titles. All of them have Another one, welfare reform. Our system wonderful titles, and all of them have spon- too often promotes dependency and not sors in Congress. But they are not needed. independence. And so we’ve asked the de- And we are in tough financial times, and partments to go back and the agencies to so we’re trying to get rid of 246 of them go back and make it easier to obtain the and put the money where it gets results. waivers that are necessary to institute wel- And at the same time, we’ve asked Con- fare reform. Workfare’s a good example. gress to take a few steps to bolster con- Learnfare, like they’re doing in Wisconsin, fidence in Government and to strengthen is a good example. And the States are inno- the economy. We need real tools to cut vating. It is their responsibility, and we are spending. And I want that line-item veto. trying to give them the support through We’re going to keep on pressing for it. In waivers. So I would suggest where you see signing statements, I have said that we’ll hangups on it, let us know because we are refute, we just are not going to accept some trying to see that there is not bureaucratic of the language, and so far that’s gone on opposition to moving forward with these through in the bills that I have signed. But flexible approaches that require waivers. we want a line-item veto, and again, I’m These reforms create, actually, the most important ingredients for success, and that is going to take the case to the people for personal power and personal responsibility. this in the fall. We’re getting more money to States for I want a balanced budget amendment. the important things, programs that work. We couldn’t do it overnight, obviously. But We’ve increased spending on education, on if we got it, it would discipline not just the Head Start, conservation fund grants, and executive branch, but it would discipline the I’m sure Sam mentioned this, transpor- United States Congress which appropriates tation. And don’t think for a minute that every dime and tells us how to spend every we measure progress simply in terms of dol- single dime. We’ve got to cut the deficit lars; we do not. We measure it by results, without raising taxes, and if that takes an and we fund these programs because they amendment, let’s get the amendment and work. Head Start helps us achieve our six get the job done. educational goals. Kids starting school ready Secondly, I want Congress to stop passing to learn—this year we funded it so that these unfunded mandates. If there is one every 4-year-old will have that opportunity. thing we hear the most about from States, So, we’re moving forward on what we feel from Governors or State reps or State sen- works. Jack’s program, that I’m supporting ators, it is unfunded mandates. And a Fed- him on and have been trying to get through eral mandate is a promise that’s made up Congress, the HOPE program, H–O–P–E, there on Capitol Hill and then paid for back enabling low-income families to own homes. And I like HOPE for a simple reason: It on Main Street. But the subcommittee is a sensible program, and it makes good chairmen up there have not changed their sense. And when you own a home, I think thinking at all. One program after another

287 Feb. 21 / Administration of George Bush, 1992 is mandated, and thus a big burden placed you to take a look at it, provides alternatives on the States. And so we say to Congress: and puts an end to this madness. And I’d Stop passing the buck back. If you pass a like to challenge you to pass your own ‘‘ac- mandate, pay for it, and don’t go and raise cess to justice’’ reforms. Lead the way. And taxes. then I think that will send a powerful mes- Third, I want to put a lid on nuisance sage to the United States Congress. lawsuits. You know, the law should foster The Council on Competitiveness here, progress, not hinder it. When fathers stop under the able leadership of Vice President coaching Little League because they fear Dan Quayle, has prepared two model State lawsuits, there’s something wrong. And statutes which are outlined for you in the we’ve gone way too far. When doctors stop packets that I am told you were given today. delivering babies because they fear lawsuits, Take it home, and think it over, and craft something’s wrong. And when people stop your own antilitigation laws. Wouldn’t it be volunteering to help other people because nice to create a law that results in fewer they fear ambulance-chasing lawyers, some- lawsuits? thing is wrong. And the madness must stop. And I don’t like to have this many influ- We have legislation up there in the Con- ential people gathered here without solicit- gress sitting dormant. And here’s one where ing your support, for you to ask Congress we can take the case to the American peo- to do its part to help the economy. We’ve ple in the fall. It transcends party lines. It got a good plan. It is good. There’s a lot transcends ideology, liberal, conservative. It of special interests don’t like parts of it, but just does not make sense to have so many it is a good, sound, stimulative plan. It will of these lawsuits settled in such an out- protect today’s jobs, and it will create new rageous fashion. So, we are going to take jobs for tomorrow. that case clearly and loudly to the American Congressional leadership also has a plan. people this fall. The madness has got to And it will protect today’s congressional stop. seats, and it’ll promise action tomorrow. So, We’ve drafted a model act to help people we are locked in a real fight up there. We’re engage in voluntary service without fear of short on numbers, but we’ve got the facts unfair suits. And I hope your States will and we’ve got the merits on our side. use this model to draft your own tort reform So I’ve given Congress a long-term plan, laws. Alabama, as Perry was telling me and longer—I’d like to see it pass this year— reminding me because I’ve known it, put to build the foundations for the next Amer- together such a statute, got it passed in less ican century, an America that is healthy and than 4 months. Perry Hooper—where is he, well-educated and confident and free and he was here right a minute ago—right over better in research and technology, all of here, sponsored the legislation, and we’re these things. very proud of what he’s done. It’s a model The health care plan, incidentally, that I for other States, and it makes me redouble came out with fits perfectly with yours. It our efforts here to get something done on improves our health care system, which pro- the Federal level. vides the highest quality care on Earth. I’ve asked Congress to act upon our ‘‘Ac- We’ve got health care problems, but one cess to Justice Act’’ which encourages peo- of them is not the quality of American ple to seek alternatives to court. And it used health care. It is the best in the entire to be a joke; you’d get upset and someone world. would say, ‘‘Don’t make a Federal case out And so, our program doesn’t knock that of it.’’ Now the joke’s on us, and we’ve got aside to pass some mandated nationalized to turn that around. People still turn small program. It gives everybody access to health squabbles into lawsuits, and they sit in insurance. And it lets people choose where courtrooms listening to lawyers bicker about to get treatment, which doctors they like. problems that should have been solved And when people make these choices, they some way, over a cup of coffee at home feel more comfortable; they get treatments maybe. sooner, much sooner than under these The ‘‘Access to Justice Act,’’ and I urge nationalized programs. And our plan

288 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / Feb. 21 provides something better than socialized Federal legislation that might bring the fam- medicine’s false promises: health care itself. ily together and might make an errant par- So I urge you to take a look at this one. ent more responsible. Our laws shouldn’t I think philosophically it will be right in encourage a single-parent household or fail tune with what we all believe. to punish men who abandon their children My administration also understands that and the mothers. They should promote we’ve got to meet the challenges that lie whole and healthy families. over the horizon, the challenges of the 21st That’s what the purpose of that Commis- century. And our America 2000 education sion is. And then when we get its sugges- strategy encourages revolution, a new gen- tions, I really want to share them with eration, literally, a new generation of Amer- ALEC and other groups because I believe ican schools. It stresses excellence. It you’ll find some real merit in what this stresses accountability. It stresses involve- Commission will come up with. I’m con- ment. It stresses choice. And choice closes the gap between the kitchen table and the fident I know the direction they’re going teacher’s desk. It gets families involved in to take. education. And it gives parents power over So, these are in the longer term proposal. their children’s schooling. And I urge you But I’ve also submitted a short-term eco- to take a look at that program again. A lot nomic plan. And that provides two essentials of it does not have to be enacted in Federal for families in our Nation, jobs and security. legislation. A lot of it can be done simply And this plan—I’ve challenged the Congress through innovation at the State and cer- to move on it by March 20—stimulates in- tainly at the local level. vestment. It energizes the real estate indus- The family really, when you look at the try, and it cuts taxes that inhibit growth. problems, is the key to our future. The may- And I’ve asked Congress, as I say, to pass ors of cities in the National League of Cit- it by March 20th, 4 weeks from today. ies, their executive board came in to see Now, very candidly, we’re caught up in me. I mentioned this in the State of the a political season here. And I have not been Union. And all of them—Mayor Bradley of happy with what’s come out of the Ways Los Angeles, a great big city; the Repub- and Means Committee so far. The Demo- lican Mayor of a small town in North Caro- cratic leaders have come up with a sorry lina of about 2,000; and in between, Mayor plan. They want higher taxes, and they want of Plano, Texas, and cities of that size— higher spending. And they hope to buy off all came together, and they said, ‘‘The big- the people with a tiny temporary tax cut. gest worry we’ve got that clearly works If you belong to an average family of four, against these problems in the cities is the their scheme will give you about a quarter decline of the American family.’’ a day. And even the tooth fairy pays more And family is a key to our future. It’s than that in there. [Laughter] been said that the best Department of Health and Human Services is the family. And we Americans, we want a large and And it is. And it’s also been said that what expanding economy that offers new options happens in your house—this was a quote and challenges and that holds the promise by the famous Silver Fox that lives with me of job security and employment oppor- over in the White House, Barbara Bush— tunity. And frankly, I think the country has it’s also been said that what happens in your a reason to join me in being tired of the house—and this is the way she put it, and games being played. For 3 straight years I think it’s very relevant—is more important we’ve tried to get a capital gains tax reduc- than what happens in the White House. tion. It would stimulate jobs. And all the And it’s true. It is very, very true. And people that control Congress do is say, so I’ve asked this Commission that these ‘‘Well, it’s a tax sop for the rich. This is mayors suggest we set up, this Commission a break for the rich.’’ It isn’t. When the on Urban Families, to find family policies Steiger amendment was passed in ’78, new that work, to ferret out Federal legislation businesses were created; new jobs were cre- that works against the family, to suggest ated. And it would have the same effect

289 Feb. 21 / Administration of George Bush, 1992 now. want to change it. We want to change the And we’re competing in this world. And caps, knock down the walls.’’ Please help Japan has a capital gains tax, an effective me keep those caps in place. I will veto tax of about one percent; Germany, I think any attempt to change it, but we’re going it’s zero. And we’re asked to compete then to need help to keep those caps in place, with two hands tied behind our back in this to protect the taxpayer as best we can until important world competitive market which we can get some Members of Congress on we cannot turn our back on. both sides of the aisle to share the values And so, we’re going to keep fighting for that you certainly epitomize and advocate. these things that stimulate this economy and So we’re in a fight here. And I am going get it moving. It is my conviction that if to take this one all the way. After March our first-time homebuyer credit is passed, 20th they say, ‘‘Well, what are you going and if our incentive through rapid deprecia- to do?’’ I say, ‘‘Well, I don’t know,’’ because tion is passed, and if our capital gains cut I’m not going to give up until March 20th is passed—these are three of our seven on trying to get this sensible, short-term, points in this short-time program—it would stimulative program through the Congress. send a signal of confidence to this economy. But I guarantee you, if we fail, the message You don’t have to see the effect of it when is going to be loud and clear. And we’ll tax time rolls around. It will give a stimula- put it in very clear focus so the voters next tion of confidence to the small-business guy fall are going to be able to make their deter- that might just say, ‘‘I’m going to take a mination as to what should have been done chance. I’m going to open a business here.’’ and those who stood against it. And so, we really need help now trying So again, I would solicit your help in the to encourage the Congress to pass this pro- time that remains between now and March gram by March 20th. And out of the budget 20. Help us on the short-term program. Ad- agreement of 1990, which had things in vocate the things you agree with us on on there I didn’t like, there was one good thing the longer term program, all the things I’ve in it. There were a couple of things that mentioned on education and research and were pretty good. But there was one good family credits. These things are very, very thing in it: For the first time in history, helpful for the future. we put caps, meaningful caps, on discre- So, thank you for what you’re doing. I’m tionary Federal spending. The critics forget glad you came by. I wish we had a little that. Those caps are in place. They can more time, but I’m heading off to the work. Federal spending’s up because you South. You guess why. have S&L’s, you’ve had bank problems, Thank you all very much. enormous problems outside of this. You’ve had the entitlements going up; they’re out- Note: The President spoke at 11:42 a.m. in side of the caps. But the caps are the only Room 450 of the Old Executive Office Build- protection the taxpayer has against the ing. In his remarks, he referred to Fred growth of discretionary Federal spending. Noye, chairman, and Sam Brunelli, execu- And now, as the election approaches, you tive director of the council, and Perry Hoo- hear a lot of talk by the Democrats, ‘‘We per, a council member from Alabama.

Letter Accepting the Resignation of John E. Frohnmayer as Chairman of the National Endowment for the Arts February 21, 1992

Dear John: for your service, I accept your resignation I received your letter of resignation today effective May 1. and, with sincere thanks and appreciation I recall your coming to talk to me about

290 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / Feb. 21 this on October 24. At that time you told Sincerely, me you wanted to step aside. I told you GEORGE BUSH then that I certainly understood your reasons for desiring to return to private life. f Your job is one of the most difficult in government. You have worked hard for Mr. President: freedom of expression; and yet, at times, Last October I told you of my desire to as you have ruled against certain grants that return to private life. Accordingly, I submit you felt were beyond the bounds of com- my resignation effective May 1, 1992. mon decency, you have been criticized. I have appreciated the opportunity to I thank you for the integrity and commit- serve you and the arts; you know how much ment that you have brought to the National your personal support has meant to me dur- Endowment for the Arts. ing these difficult times. You and your ad- No two people can agree in every in- ministration have accomplished a great deal stance on every grant or indeed on what and I’m sure the best is yet to come. is good art; in fact some of the art funded Sincerely, by the NEA does not have my enthusiastic JOHN E. FROHNMAYER approval. I expect some did not have yours, but this should not obscure the overall work Note: These letters were made available by of the NEA nor your contribution to it. the Office of the Press Secretary on Feb- I thank you and wish you and your family ruary 21 but were not issued as White well for a very bright future. House press releases.

Nomination of Sigmund A. Rogich To Be United States Ambassador to Iceland February 21, 1992

The President today announced his inten- served as the president of R&R Advertising tion to nominate Sigmund A. Rogich, of Ne- in Las Vegas and Reno, NV, and Salt Lake vada, to be Ambassador to the Republic of City, UT, 1973–89. Iceland. He would succeed Charles E. Mr. Rogich graduated from the University Cobb, Jr. of Nevada-Reno (B.A., 1967). He was born Currently Mr. Rogich serves as an Assist- May 17, 1944, in Iceland. Mr. Rogich has ant to the President for Public Events and two children and resides in Washington, Initiatives at the White House in Washing- DC. ton, DC. Prior to this, he founded and

Statement by Press Secretary Fitzwater on the Confirmation of Andrew H. Card, Jr., as Secretary of Transportation February 21, 1992

The President is delighted that the tration’s drive to create jobs, increase eco- United States Senate unanimously voted to nomic growth, and prepare America for a confirm Andrew Card to be Transportation bright future. Secretary. As Transportation Secretary, An- I am sure that Transportation Secretary drew Card will be a leader in the adminis- Card will ensure that America continues to

291 Feb. 21 / Administration of George Bush, 1992 travel safely home and abroad and that the move into the 21st century. Nation’s transportation systems are ready to

Remarks to the Southern Republican Leadership Conference in Charleston, South Carolina February 21, 1992

The President. Thank you, thank you. It victory in November 1992. is great to be here in Charleston, I’ll tell And just to be perfectly clear about it, you. I’m delighted to be back in the South. I am confident of winning the Presidency And may I say to our Governor, my dear for 4 more years. I come here fired up and friend Carroll Campbell, we’re grateful for confident. But I’ll need your support. We your hospitality and even more for your have much to do these next few months leadership as one of the finest Governors because we have much to do these next in the entire country, a real leader, Carroll few years. Together, we can finish what Campbell. And I might say how pleased I we’ve started and move this country for- am that Governor Campbell will serve as ward. our national cochairman of the campaign Let me open with a true story from my and once again as southern regional chair- own past about the old days, Midland, man. I couldn’t be in better hands, and Texas, 1956, trying to organize—I hear thank you very much. Ernie Angelo over there—[laughter]—try- May I thank the Citadel Bulldog Band ing to organize a Republican Party. And this over there for some fine music. I appreciate is the gospel truth. I was a precinct judge, it very much. And this is a real star-studded a poll judge, polling judge at primary elec- event. And I want to salute the Governors tion time, the first time the Republican here today, past and present. I know Gov- Party had ever held a primary in Midland ernor Jim Martin’s here from North Caro- County. And Barbara and I were there al- lina. And Members of the United States Congress, I think four or five Congressmen ternating at the polls, poll watchers. She and with us here today, a couple of them with I voted Republican, and we represented us right here: Congressman Ravenel, home- two-thirds of the Republican vote that year, town boy, and others. And other distin- gospel truth. The only other guy that voted guished guests. And may I say that an early was a slightly inebriated Democrat. He supporter and friend of mine is running for thought he was voting in the—[laughter]— the Senate here, Tommy Hartnett. And I and you can go back and look up the want to see him elected to the United States records. Senate—former Member of Congress. And But some of you all are old enough to I also want to acknowledge key members remember those days. And sometimes if you of our political team: Rich Bond is with us, tried to register Republican, they’d tell you our new chairman, and Jeanie Austin, doing not to bother because there was no Repub- a superb job. And of course, the conference licans to vote for in the primary. Or times, chairman Martha Edens’ superb work here. out and out, there was intimidation, some- Keep up the good work, and thank you very times violence. And we went through a lot much, Martha. back then. And in fact, I’m sure many of And it’s great to be here in South Caro- you can share similar experiences. lina, host for the first time, but I’m sure And you say, well, why did we do it? Why not the last time, of this prestigious South- did we build a Republican Party in the ern Republican Leadership Conference. South when some said it was impossible? Four years ago, the South led our party to We did it because we wanted change, and a great victory across the entire country. we did it because we believed in some fun- And this year, the South will lead us to damental values: faith and family, responsi-

292 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / Feb. 21 bility and respect, community and of course Well, today the Republican Party is the country, the United States of America. And force for positive change in the New South, we did it because we saw the Government and I’m proud to have played a modest role getting too big and getting into our pockets, in that success. Our message then and our into every corner of our lives. And we did message now is simple. Carroll said a lot it because we worried about our families of it. We believe Government is too big and our schools and our neighborhoods. and spends too much. We believe in good And we did it because our taxes always schools and safe streets and a Government seem to go up at the same time America’s worthy of the people’s respect. And so, we problems got worse. And each of us in our believe in less Government, low taxes. Sure- own small way finally said, ‘‘Enough is ly we believe in a strong defense. And we enough.’’ believe that we put America first when we We were upstarts and mavericks. And we put America’s families first. challenged the status quo. We challenged And so, we believe that parents, not the the old, what was known as the courthouse Government, should make the big decisions. crowd, the closed-door, one-party rule of Parents, not Government, should choose the Democrats. And we did it because we their children’s schools. Parents, not the knew Republican principles were right. And Government, should decide the family’s they fought us every step of the way. But health care. And parents should choose who we fought hard, and we fought fair. And cares for their children, not some bureau- we took our message, smaller Government, crat in Washington, DC, telling us how to better Government, to the people of the do it. And yes, we believe it ought to be Carolinas and Virginia and Mississippi and okay to have a voluntary prayer for children Florida and the rest of this great region of in the classroom, and I’m not going to America. change my view on that ever. And we started winning, at first a House Those are our beliefs. And those are why seat here and a Senate race there. But our we built a party in the South and why we momentum grew. Momentum grew, and it continue, with your help, to build it today. grew. And we owe a great debt of gratitude Those beliefs don’t change from one elec- to our standard bearer in those early days, tion to the next. They still guide each and those that were out front: Howard Baker, every one of us each and every day. the late John Tower, the Bo Calloways and And now we’re at the beginning of a new Bill Brocks, Drake Edens and Clark Reeds, era in the history of our country. The cold and Bill Dickinson and John Paul Hammer- war is over, and America won. The Soviet schmidt and of course, the phenomenal fa- Union, as we remember it, has collapsed, vorite son of South Carolina, right behind gone. Imperial communism is finished for me, Strom Thurmond. When I think back good. American leadership changed the to one year ago almost to this very day, world. Republican leadership will change the tough decision that had to be made America. about committing your sons and daughters I know we’ve got tough times, but I am into a war, Strom Thurmond was of more totally confident about our future. But support to me than any single Senator in we’ve got a lot of work ahead of us. There the United States Senate. And we should are some things that are simply on the be grateful for him. wrong track in our country. Take our courts, Well, these leaders paved the way, and for example. When fathers stop coaching they inspired a generation of talent that Little League because they’re afraid of li- transformed the Nation’s political landscape. ability lawsuits, something is wrong. And And I’m thinking now of another South when doctors stop delivering babies Carolinian, a good man and a good friend, because they fear a malpractice lawsuit, Lee Atwater. We miss him. We miss him something’s wrong. Or when people stop still. And it was great to have Sally Atwater volunteering to help each other because flying down with us this afternoon on Air they fear ambulance-chasing lawyers, some- Force One. Sally, we’re so pleased to be thing is terribly wrong. These days a sharp with you. lawyer would tell the Good Samari-

293 Feb. 21 / Administration of George Bush, 1992 tan, ‘‘Keep on walking.’’ the bills and providing a home and teaching We’ve proposed reforms to our court sys- the kids and putting aside for our retire- tem—they’ve got them sitting up there in ment. the United States Senate now—to address The American people, your neighbors, the questions of frivolous lawsuits, and that’s want this economy fired up again, and so a good step. But the real answer for solving do I. And in my State of the Union Address, problems is to be more concerned with I put forward a two-part plan. And the first helping each other than suing each other. part gets business growing again right now, And then I think about our Nation’s instantly upgrading plant and equipment health care system. Our health care system again, hiring workers again. It uses incen- provides, and let’s not forget this, the high- tives like an investment tax allowance. And est quality care anywhere in the world. But yes, it is clearly time for the Congress to it’s not perfect. We all know that. And too many people do not have access to health wake up and cut that tax on capital gains. insurance. Too many people worry that And to get housing back on its feet, I they’re going to lose their coverage if they put forth several commonsense proposals— change jobs or, worse still, if they lose their they’re sitting right there in House now— job. And anybody who’s had even minor to get people buying and building homes. surgery knows that health care costs are And perhaps the most easily understood going through the roof. proposal is a $5,000 tax credit for first-time The answer is not to go down the road homebuyers. With our plan, young people of socialized medicine with its long lines almost able to buy that first home could and faceless, impersonal service. If that’s do it with the extra $5,000 in their pocket. what we wanted, we’d put our doctors and And the plan we’re fighting against in the nurses to work for the department of motor Congress this very day gives them absolutely vehicles. Our plan, my approach, written nothing, nothing to that first-time home- out in detail, is to reform our health system, buyer. make insurance available to all, keep the You’re worried about the Democrats’ cur- quality high, the bureaucracy low, and pre- rent plan. I don’t want to say too much serve choice. And that is vital. And the last about it. It’s a nice evening here, and I thing we want is the Government standing don’t want to ruin it. Current plan, I say between you and your doctor. current because it seems to change just And then there’s the sorry welfare system. about every hour as they change it to garner It’s pretty obvious that the system now too in some votes from the special interests, to often perpetuates dependency when it buy votes. And that’s why it’s really not a should promote independence, promote ini- plan. It is simply a bad deal. It smacks of, tiative. We need to encourage individual and you’ve heard it before, class warfare. success through personal responsibility, the dignity of a job. And so, I’ve asked the de- And listen to the tradeoff in their deal: 25 partments and agencies to make it easier— cents a day in temporary tax relief for 2 and this is upon the advice of Jim Martin years, paid for, true to form for the Demo- and Carroll Campbell and others—to make crats, by a large permanent tax increase. it easier for State and local government to Now, some Democrats in the Senate have reform the system, reform policies that pro- other ideas. They want to get a bidding war mote broken families. We need to get peo- going. But to pay for that they’d have to ple to work, go after the deadbeat fathers hike tax rates for the middle class, people who run out on those little kids, or as they making $35,000, you know, people like do in Wisconsin, to make recipients work teachers and factory workers and everyday or study and to keep families together. Americans. And they won’t tell you that But we all know what the number one about their sorry plan. But that’s the esti- issue on the minds of Americans is, and mate I’ve been given by our experts. Any it is the economy. And it’s people worried economist will tell you the last thing our about their jobs, providing for their families, economy needs now is a tax increase by meeting the everyday challenges of paying that Democratic Congress. And their plan

294 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / Feb. 21 adds almost $30 billion to this deficit. And just exactly that. We’ve made headway. We the jobs it creates are more likely to be have made dramatic headway with this infor more tax collectors. crease in exports, but we are going to do I believe the American people have about even better. had it with this tax-and-spend thinking. And Some people wish the rest of the world we drew a line in the sand in the Persian would just go away. That is naive, and that Gulf and kept our word, and I’ll draw an- is defeatist. They’re saying that a level play- other line in the sand right here today. If ing field isn’t level enough, that American the Democrats send me this nonsense ingenuity, American know-how, and the they’re talking about now, I will send it American can-do spirit are simply a bunch right back. I will veto it the minute it hits of hackneyed phrases. I don’t believe it. I my desk. don’t believe that for one minute, and nei- I sent them a plan, a good one. And that’s what they ought to work on, not some ther do you. America is not going to cut phony partisan maneuver that they know and run, ever. We’re going to stay involved, won’t fly. And I’ll say it again to the Con- and we are going to continue to lead the gress: Here’s the deadline, March 20th. And entire world. if we act by then, we can see some results Before I finish now, I have something to this spring. No more games, no more empty say about this primary campaign. Of course, gestures, just pass this plan and get the this campaign is important, not just to me economy going again, and then we can have but to you and to our country. And for the all the political fights we want. But let’s set sake of our country, we must not turn over it aside now and do something for the the Nation’s leadership to the Democrats. American people that are hurting out there. Republican leadership must continue. I said the plan had two parts; you may For 8 years, Ronald Reagan, I was at his remember that from the State of the Union. side, led this country. For the last 3 years, The second part is a long-term plan to keep I’ve stood on our principles and against a this country competitive, keep us vigorous. Democratic Congress that would undermine And it’s a road map for competing and lead- them. And with the help of our Republican ing America in this fast-changing world of leadership on Capitol Hill, 25 times our the 21st century. principles were upheld, vetoes of bad legis- Our plan revolutionizes America’s edu- lation sustained. cational system. Our plan gets the billions And the next 5 years of American history of dollars’ worth of cutting-edge Govern- are just too important to entrust to the inex- ment research and development into the perienced. I believe the American people hands of our private sector businesses and want to hear about how we’re going to ad- the workers faster than ever before. And dress our country’s challenges, how we can that helps us get a real return on your tax unite our people, create more opportunity dollars, investment helping to create new and hope for all Americans. And I believe jobs and products. Our plan provides tax relief to strengthen the American people want to hear solutions, the family. We raised the tax deduction for not just a lot of name-calling and running children by $500. Make no mistake, I want this country down. this plan passed in this session of Congress. And frankly, I also believe that sometimes Keep the heat on the Congress, and we can somebody’s got to stand up and say what’s get that done. right about the United States of America. But a central idea behind our approach And you can’t hear it from this campaign is that to succeed economically at home, going on out there. We are number one, we have to lead economically abroad. Car- and make no mistake about it, and we’re roll touched on this very eloquently. What going to stay that way. he means and what I mean is jobs right And another thing, maybe this is just my here in America by opening markets for our personal prejudice talking, let’s not listen to exports all over the world. And I’m going the gloom and doom from all those intense to fight hard in every foreign market to do talking heads who are happy only when

295 Feb. 21 / Administration of George Bush, 1992 they say something negative. We are the And yes, we have many challenges before United States of America, and we don’t us. I guarantee you, we will meet them, have to put up with all that. each and every one of them. And yes, Audience members. Four more years! there’s an election in November. And I Four more years! Four more years! guarantee you this: We will win it. I want The President. Let me just say, you and to be your President for another 4 years. I believe in America, and we are optimistic Thank you very much. Thank you very, about its future. And we believe in our very much. Now let’s go out and beat the party. And I am tremendously fortunate to Democrats in the fall. And may God bless serve as your President at this most exciting the United States of America. Thank you. time in our Nation’s history. Barbara and I count our blessings every day for the good fortune that we have to live in that majestic Note: The President spoke at 4:40 p.m. at White House and to do our level-best to the Omni Hotel. In his remarks, he referred serve the people of this great country. to Richard N. Brown, chairman, and Jeanie These next primaries are critical. I need Austin, cochairman, Republican National your help. I need your help to keep our Committee; Martha Edens, chairman, party strong and united so that we can win Southern Republican Leadership Con- this fall. And yes, we have much to do. But ference; and Ernie Angelo, Republican na- I guarantee you, we will get the job done. tional committeeman from Tennessee.

Radio Address to the Nation on the Economy February 22, 1992

Today I want to talk to you about getting quarter a day, but only for 2 years. This our economy moving. I know there’s a lot turns out to be a very costly quarter. After of debate about how to create jobs and the temporary cut expires, Americans would build economic strength, but in the end it shoulder the burden of a huge permanent all boils down to common sense. To tax increase. In other words, these congres- strengthen an economy, you encourage in- sional leaders want to give you 2 years of vestment. You support industries that pull pocket change in exchange for a lifetime nations out of recessions. You encourage of higher taxes. And that is a very bad deal success. for us and for our children who must pay In my State of the Union Address, I pro- the bill. posed a short-term economic plan that does And now my plan: My plan will create these things. I challenged Congress to set jobs. The real estate incentives alone will aside partisan politics for just a few weeks generate 415,000 new jobs this year. My and pass my plan by March 20. plan offers the hope of homeownership to Unfortunately, Democratic leaders refused to submit my plan for a quick, clean first-time homebuyers. Some people have vote. They chose politics over duty. They begun buying homes already, expecting huddled behind closed doors and played Congress to pass a plan that encourages real games with the Tax Code. They put out estate investment, my plan. Congress one plan one day, another plan the next. shouldn’t let those people down. Finally, they settled on a scheme that makes My plan will not increase the deficit. It no economic sense. makes some tough choices on Federal Their proposal won’t help homebuyers. spending because I refuse to mortgage our Their proposal will increase the deficit. It children’s future for short-term political borrows $30 billion to pay for a tiny tem- gain. My plan will not raise tax rates. I want porary tax cut. For each person in the aver- to raise the child deduction on Federal in- age family of four, it hands out about a come taxes by $500, and I want Congress

296 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / Feb. 24 to pass this permanent, long-term, profamily boost the moment Congress passes my plan. tax cut this year. But I need your help. Put the plans side by side, and here’s the Thank you. And may God bless you and bottom line: My plan works; theirs doesn’t. the United States of America. So today, join me in telling Congress: Stop fooling around with our future. Tell them to pass my plan now. If politicians Note: This address was recorded on Feb- hem and haw and offer up excuses, remind ruary 21 in the Oval Office at the White them your job is more important than any House and was broadcast at 9 a.m. on Feb- politician’s job. Our recovery will get a huge ruary 22.

Remarks to the United States Chamber of Commerce National Action Rally February 24, 1992

May I, at the outset of these remarks, reservists. Many of you had to do without thank the colonel and this wonderful Ma- key personnel during the Reserve callup. rine band. They are sensational. And I think Some of you answered the call yourselves. I speak for all when we say we’ve enjoyed And as your Commander in Chief, I want the music. Thank you. to express deep thanks to our business men And I want to salute your incoming chair- and women for playing a proud role in man, Bill Lurton, and your president, Dick America’s world leadership. I think it is fit- Lesher, so well-known to everyone and ting a year later to take note of those his- doing a superb job for the chamber, and toric events. of course, your outgoing chairman, my But I came here now to ask support on friend Pete Silas. another matter. I need your help to meet Let me tell you something, just a little yet another challenge, renewing the free- word about Pete. Last week there was a dom and strength of our economy. newspaper report that more and more Four weeks ago, I spoke to the Congress American business leaders are hailing this and the American people. In my State of recent and somewhat controversial mission the Union Message, I announced a set of I took to Asia, they’re hailing it as a success urgent measures that I would take to for opening markets, for creating more American jobs. But let me say this to all unshackle our economy. And I asked Con- of you in the chamber, no one did more gress of the United States to do its part to make that mission a success than Pete and to meet a deadline. Most important, Silas. He gave the trip the same leadership I asked Congress to cut the high taxes on he’s given this organization, a forceful and job creation and investment and to do this effective presentation, taking our case for by March 20th. Well, my plan will get our open markets to Japan and Korea. And I economy moving again. And we need to lib- am very, very grateful to him. And I can erate private enterprise from a Government see why you entrusted your leadership to that’s grown too big and spends too much. him. Pete, thank you very, very much for And we need to do it without raising taxes. that leadership that makes us so proud. In my State of the Union Address, I insti- Well, today we’re noting an anniversary tuted a 90-day freeze on Federal regulations of sorts. One year ago, almost to the hour, that affect economic growth, and I asked our troops began punching through Iraqi major departments and agencies to carry lines to liberate Kuwait. We mobilized our out an unprecedented top-to-bottom review strength and won that war with an all-volun- of all existing and proposed regulations. teer force including tens of thousands of Within those 90 days, we will acceler-

297 Feb. 24 / Administration of George Bush, 1992 ate new rules that promote business growth to overregulation. I want the regulators and and, whenever possible, halt those that the Congress to remember one thing: If it would impede growth. Already, we’ve seen doesn’t make sense, if it hurts the economy, results. don’t do it. Today, for example, I am announcing One of my prime responsibilities as Presi- major new ground rules for regulation of dent is to open up world markets, that’s biotechnology. Bill Reilly, the EPA Admin- what this trip was about, open up world istrator, I understand is with you all today. markets, unlocking new opportunities for He’ll have a major responsibility for making American workers and businesses. Free our new rules work to foster economic trade has come under attack these days, and growth. This is a $4 billion industry. And that makes no sense whatsoever. Our exit should grow to $50 billion by the end ports are at record levels, guaranteeing mil- of the decade, if we let it. The rewards we lions of American jobs. With your help, will reap include new medicines and safer we’re going to open up the tremendous ways to clean up hazardous waste and a rev- market opportunities of Mexico sooner, not olution in agriculture. The United States later. With your help, we’ll win global trade leads the world in biotechnology. And I in- reforms for agriculture, services, and intel- tend, through sensible regulation and, in lectual property. some instances, deregulation, to keep it just By protecting our freedoms, by opening exactly that way. markets here and abroad, and by pushing We’ve taken new actions to ease the credit crunch. For example, for healthy banks, the envelope of excellence, I want to im- we’ve changed overly strict definitions of prove the quality of life for every man, bank capital, creating more access to capital. woman, and child in this country. And I We’re cutting redtape for healthy banks and mean everyone. Some politicians want to di- thrifts. In these tough real estate markets, vide us, divide us into economic classes. we’ve issued commonsense, realistic valu- They’re keen on defining people as poor ation guidelines. or rich or middle class. They don’t bother We’re making it easier for small busi- to ask you how you see yourselves or what nesses to get capital from securities markets. your aspirations are. The Capitol Hill lib- We’re increasing the maximum for small erals have already made up their minds public offerings that get simplified handling where everyone fits in some politically cor- by the SEC from $1.5 million, raising that rect caste system. Well, that’s not the way to $5 million. We’re cutting paperwork, and I see America. I don’t apply a means test we’re simplifying securities registration for to the American dream. I want to increase small businesses. We’ve also cut the cost opportunity for everyone. That’s what fair- of compliance with the payroll tax system. ness means. We’ve cut paperwork and increased access And once again, I could not have had bet- for small business to electronic payment sys- ter allies in my fight than the U.S. Chamber tems. Instead of heavy-handed enforcement, of Commerce. Chamber members share a we’re helping small firms meet their obliga- sense of responsibility to your families and tions. your firms and your communities and your The few steps that I’ve just outlined, I Nation. You take your responsibilities per- know they’re technical, but these few steps sonally, in your homes, among your families. will provide billions of dollars in additional You know it’s not so important what hap- capital to the Nation’s economy. But we pens in the White House, it’s what happens won’t stop after 90 days. We’ll turn up the in your house. heat against overregulation, rule by rule and My administration’s strategies for fighting industry by industry. drugs and improving our schools are sound We’ll take the case to Capitol Hill. For because they join Government’s efforts to every unreasonable regulation we can’t the responsibilities of parents and families. change through executive action, we will in- We know we’ll win the battle against drugs troduce reform legislation, and we will push through the moral grounding that begins the Congress to do its job and put an end and ends in the family. We’ll renew educa-

298 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / Feb. 24 tion by giving parents more freedom and hiring again. We need new incentives to responsibility to choose their children’s build and buy real estate, through changes schools, to get involved in their kids’ edu- in the passive loss rules for real estate devel- cation. opers. And we need a $5,000 tax credit for You carry these values into managing your first-time homebuyers and penalty-free IRA business, the kind of values that say when withdrawals for first-time homebuyers. This the company’s losing money, the boss is not all that controversial. I want to sign doesn’t take home a seven-figure bonus. these reforms on March 20th. And I do Your companies get involved in the commu- need your help working with the United nity because you’re good neighbors. Big States Congress. Government didn’t make this country great. We all know that this is a political year. You did it. Our Nation’s strength and gener- We know Congress hates to make real deci- osity flow from private enterprise and vol- sions in election years. But that’s why I see untary initiative. It comes from seeing a this March 20th deadline as fair and realis- problem, taking charge, getting involved, tic. It gives us a window in which to get and not taking no for an answer. this plan passed and put it into action, and The Partnership for a Drug-Free America most economists tell you it will stimulate is a brilliant example of this. This business immediately. And it still leaves everyone group, many of you may participate in it, then more than 7 months for this traditional voluntarily produces a million dollars a day partisan politicking before election time. in pro bono advertising to warn our kids Today is the 27th day, the halfway mark about drugs. And we’re making progress in of my 52-day deadline for action on that that front. I am very pleased that the drug economic growth plan. So, it is time for a use for these teenagers is substantially midterm report card. The stark and sorry down. fact is Congress so far deserves an F; they Freely undertaken, corporate responsibil- deserve a failing grade. ity is one of the strongest fibers in our social fabric. So it’s only natural that you should The Ways and Means Democrats consid- expect Government to serve the people re- ered my plan for 2 hours, a hefty 2 hours. sponsibly, not to behave as an arrogant And then, on a straight party line vote, they ruler. On this I faced a big fight. Time and said no to these seven progrowth proposals. again I fought to get Members of Congress They said no to first-time homebuyers. They to apply to themselves the same laws they said no to letting people keep more of their impose on everyone else, laws on ethics, on capital gains earnings. They said no to help- equal pay, on civil rights for women and ing new businesses write off their invest- minorities. Each time, Congress drags its ment. They said no to each one of these feet. They’re slow learners up there on Cap- vital proposals to create jobs now and get itol Hill, but you and I can make them this economy moving. learn. And that’s just what we must do. They said yes, though, to politics as usual. As you know, and here’s where I need They went behind closed doors—you ask you, I’ve sent the Congress a short-term your people here in Washington—they went plan to get our economy moving, as well behind closed doors to design what they as a longer term program for economic think is clever politics. Now the door is growth. I’ve given Congress a deadline of opening. And they have proposed a bill that March 20th to act on our most urgent raises taxes and, just as incredibly, breaks needs, to pass this short-term plan. We the budget agreement of a year ago. They need to lower those sky-high taxes on new not only want to take away your income, jobs and investment, and that means that they want to dream up new ways to spend we must cut the tax on capital gains. And it, to take the restraints off Government we ought to do it now. spending. Take off those caps. Take off the We need changes in the alternative mini- brakes. Take off the spending controls that mum tax and a 15-percent investment tax are so essential. allowance to encourage businesses to buy They want to saddle Americans with a equipment, upgrade their plants, and start permanent tax hike, all to pay for a tempo-

299 Feb. 24 / Administration of George Bush, 1992 rary tax cut of 25 cents per person per day. to translate business efforts into community What’s worse, some of them have a bidding achievements. As businessmen we knew war in mind. To pay for that, they’d have freedom’s benefits would be stronger if we to raise tax rates on people making more joined hands to meet our responsibilities as than $35,000 a year. Any economist will tell citizens. you that the last thing this economy needs Those days, Government wasn’t quite as is a tax increase. big or rapacious. But even back then we The contrast between my economic learned that we had to work together to growth plan and the Democrats’ new tax- keep Government growth and interference increase scheme could not be more plain. with free enterprise in check. That’s what Our plan will cut taxes on investment and I’m asking that we do today, to do it ur- job creation for all investors, for all home- gently. I have a solid plan to get America owners, for all entrepreneurs. And it will moving again and keep it strong for the long do it without increasing the deficit. haul. So, to the Congress at this halfway point So when you go up to Capitol Hill, give before the deadline, I’ll say it again: Pass your Congressmen and Senators a message my plan. Let’s get America moving again. from me: Get moving, or get out of the Come March 20th, if the Democrats send way. Let me tell you something, and I say me the message they’re talking about now, this not out of flattery, but you, you men I will send it right back. I will veto it and and women in this room, really can make send it back. And I don’t want to veto a a difference. There’s never been a more ur- bad bill; I want to sign a good bill. And gent moment to win a victory for jobs for Congress has a responsibility to give the all Americans. We’ve won battles before, American people a growth bill right now. and we’ll win this one, too. Together we As Pete Silas knows, and a handful of you can get our country moving swiftly and others old enough to remember, my path surely to a better future. to office as a Chief Executive of the United Thank you all for what you are doing. States began in the world of small business. And may God bless the United States of Fresh out of college, I joined a couple of America. Thank you. partners and started a little business out in Midland, out in west Texas. It was there Note: The President spoke at 10:55 a.m. at that I saw firsthand what the chamber does DAR Constitution Hall.

Statement on Signing the Omnibus Insular Areas Act of 1992 February 24, 1992

It is with great pleasure that I sign into Virgin Islands, this new park is important law H.R. 2927, the ‘‘Omnibus Insular Areas for several reasons: Act of 1992.’’ This Act creates a new unit —It is the only known site where, 500 of the National Park System known as the years ago, members of a Columbus party Salt River Bay National Historical Park and set foot on what is now territory of the Ecological Preserve. United States. By signing this bill into law today, we —It presents an outstanding opportunity make a significant contribution to the com- to preserve and interpret Caribbean his- memoration of the 500th anniversary of tory and culture, including the impact Christopher Columbus’ voyages to the New of European exploration and settlement. World. We also protect an environment that —It contains a wealth of natural features is important to all citizens of the United ranging from wooded hillsides and man- States. grove forests to tropical reefs and a Located on the island of St. Croix, U.S.

300 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / Feb. 24

biologically rich submarine canyon. have acquired 57,000 acres of environ- —It is a refuge for migratory birds and mentally sensitive and historically significant a vital nursery for many of the marine lands for the National Park System. animals that inhabit the beautiful waters Finally, I note that H.R. 2927 authorizes of St. Croix. new technical assistance for insular areas —It will be planned and managed in full after major storms. To ensure that hazard partnership with the Government of the mitigation measures truly reduce future loss U.S. Virgin Islands. of life and property, all projects must be It is indeed exciting to take this major cost-effective, cooperative ventures between step toward preserving the natural and cul- the Federal Government and the insular tural heritage of the Virgin Islands, a herit- areas. The Act will not change this policy, age that has meaning for all Americans. I diminish any existing matching share re- want to thank all of those who played a quirements, or change procedures for Presi- part in fashioning this innovative partner- dential disaster declarations. ship between the Federal Government and the Virgin Islands Government. GEORGE BUSH My action here today is but one example of my Administration’s commitment to pro- The White House, tect the environment and America’s herit- February 24, 1992. age. This is the sixth time I have signed legislation creating a new unit of the Na- Note: H.R. 2927, approved February 24, tional Park System. In the past 3 years, we was assigned Public Law No. 102–247.

Nomination of Edward Joseph Perkins To Be United States Representative to the United Nations February 24, 1992

The President today announced his inten- 1985–1986; and Director of the Office of tion to nominate Edward Joseph Perkins, West African Affairs in the Bureau of Afri- of the District of Columbia, to be the Rep- can Affairs at the U.S. Department of State, resentative of the United States of America 1983–1985. From 1981 to 1983, Mr. Perkins to the United Nations, with the rank and served as Deputy Chief of Mission at the status of Ambassador Extraordinary and U.S. Embassy in Monrovia, Liberia. In addi- Plenipotentiary, and the Representative of tion, he served as Counselor for Political the United States of America in the Security Affairs at the U.S. Embassy in Accra, Council of the United Nations. He would Ghana, 1978–1981. succeed Thomas R. Pickering. Mr. Perkins graduated from the Univer- Since 1989 Mr. Perkins has served as Di- sity of Maryland (B.A., 1967) and the Uni- rector General of the Foreign Service and versity of Southern California (M.P.A., Director of Personnel at the U.S. Depart- 1972; D.P.A., 1978). He was born June 8, ment of State in Washington, DC. Prior to 1928, in Sterlington, LA. Mr. Perkins served this, Mr. Perkins served as U.S. Ambassador in the U.S. Army and the U.S. Marine to the Republic of South Africa, 1986–1989; Corps. He is married, has two children, and U.S. Ambassador to the Republic of Liberia, resides in Washington, DC.

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Nomination of Thomas R. Pickering To Be United States Ambassador to India February 24, 1992

The President today announced his inten- ment of State as Assistant Secretary of State tion to nominate Thomas R. Pickering, of for Oceans and International Environmental New Jersey, to be Ambassador Extraor- and Scientific Affairs, 1978–1981; Special dinary and Plenipotentiary of the United Assistant to the Secretary of State and Exec- States of America to India. He would suc- utive Secretary, 1973–1974; and Deputy Di- ceed William Clark, Jr. rector of the Bureau of Political-Military Af- Currently Ambassador Pickering serves as fairs, 1969–1973. the U.S. Representative to the United Na- Ambassador Pickering graduated from tions and the Representative of the United Bowdoin College (A.B., 1953); Fletcher States of America to the Security Council School of Law and Diplomacy (M.A., 1954); of the United Nations. Prior to this, Ambas- and the University of Melbourne (Australia) sador Pickering served as U.S. Ambassador to several countries, including Israel, 1985– (M.A., 1956). He was born November 5, 1988; El Salvador, 1983–1985; the Federal 1931, in Orange, NJ. Ambassador Pickering Republic of Nigeria, 1981–1983; and the served in the U.S. Navy, 1956–1959. He is Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan, 1974–1978. married, has two children, and resides in In addition, he served at the U.S. Depart- New York, NY.

Appointment of Gail R. Wilensky as Deputy Assistant to the President for Policy Development February 24, 1992

The President today announced his inten- Michigan and George Washington Univer- tion to appoint Gail R. Wilensky, of the Dis- sity and has held several appointments in trict of Columbia, as Deputy Assistant to the Public Health Service and at the Urban the President for Policy Development. Institute. Since 1990 Ms. Wilensky has served as Ms. Wilensky received an A.B. in psychol- Administrator of the Health Care Financing ogy (1964), an M.A. in economics (1965), Administration, the Agency that administers and a Ph.D. in economics (1968), all from the Medicare and Medicaid programs. Prior the University of Michigan. She was born in to this, she was the vice president of health Detroit, MI. She is married to Robert J. affairs at Project HOPE, an international Wilensky, has two children, Peter and Sara, health foundation. She has taught econom- and currently resides in Washington, DC. ics and public policy at the University of

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Appointment of John A. Gaughan as Deputy Assistant to the President and Director of the White House Military Office February 24, 1992

The President today announced the ap- Administration in 1984; and as a congres- pointment of John A. Gaughan, of Mary- sional liaison officer for the Department of land, to be Deputy Assistant to the Presi- Transportation from 1981 to 1984. From dent and Director of the White House Mili- 1970 to 1980, Mr. Gaughan served on active tary Office. He will succeed LTG Richard duty in the U.S. Coast Guard and held var- G. Trefry, USA (Ret.). ious positions including command of the Since 1989 Mr. Gaughan has served as Coast Guard Cutter Point Martin. Chief of Staff to the Secretary of Transpor- Mr. Gaughan graduated from the U.S. tation. Prior to this, he served as the Admin- Coast Guard Academy with a bachelor of istrator of the Maritime Administration from science in 1970 and from the University of 1985 to 1989; as Deputy Assistant Secretary Maryland School of Law in 1977. He was of Governmental Affairs, Department of born March 29, 1947, in Washington, DC. Transportation, in 1985; as Director of the He and his wife, Janelle, reside in Bethesda, Office of External Affairs in the Maritime MD.

Statement by Press Secretary Fitzwater on the President’s Meeting with President Alfredo Cristiani of El Salvador February 24, 1992

President Bush held a half-hour private regard, the President mentioned that the meeting today with President Alfredo United States Government was working Cristiani of El Salvador. President Bush with other governments to assure inter- congratulated President Cristiani for his national support for the national reconstruc- great personal leadership and courage in tion of El Salvador. The President also bringing peace to his country. He also promised to work with Congress on a bipar- praised the progress President Cristiani has tisan basis for continued United States as- made toward implementing the peace sistance to El Salvador in the future, agreements signed earlier this month in through both direct aid programs and debt Mexico City and achieving true national rec- reduction under the Enterprise for the onciliation. The President gave his assur- Americas Initiative (EAI). United States as- ance that the United States would do every- sistance and international support will be thing possible to support full implementation of the peace accord and to help El vital to the continued success of the peace Salvador consolidate democracy and peace process and national reconciliation in El Sal- and expand economic opportunity. In this vador.

Remarks at the Bush-Quayle Campaign Kickoff in Bethesda, Maryland February 24, 1992

Thank you, Connie Morella. What a great She’s doing a superb job. And thank you Congressman you have in Connie Morella. very much. Let me salute our State chair-

303 Feb. 24 / Administration of George Bush, 1992 man, two words come to mind, strong and of each other. And each time, America met decent, Helen Bentley, Representative the challenge. And this time, America will Helen Bentley, who’s leading our campaign do it again. in this State. And another of our great dele- Our first order of business is to get this gation from Maryland who is not here, economy moving. I know how to do it, and Wayne Gilchrest, he was unable to join us, so do you. It’s just plain common sense. but doing a great job for us in Congress. A month ago, I sent the Congress an ac- And greetings to your State Republican tion plan to jump-start the economy. We chairman, Joyce Terhes, and to Republican start by encouraging investment, to create national committeeman Dick Taylor. jobs. We cut taxes that punish success, dis- My thanks to the Maryland Bush-Quayle courage saving, and stunt the growth of leadership who are here and to Howie Den- business. We boost real estate values by nis for performing the master of ceremonies duties tonight, first-class job. I don’t know making it easier for young families to buy where the Barons band is, but they are their first home. doing a great job. And thank you, Barons, The bottom line is this: My plan will work right there. I’m very happy to see three who because it puts Americans to work. And I served us so well in Congress, Charles ask for your support. According to housing ‘‘Mac’’ Mathias and Larry Hogan, my class- experts, my incentives for the housing in- mate Gilbert Gude. And I notice several dustry alone will create 415,000 jobs this fine Republicans here seeking your votes for year. That’s what this plan will do. delegates to the national convention. Well, But just as important is what it doesn’t I’m pleased to have their support, and I’m do. It doesn’t increase the deficit. It doesn’t sure they’ll have yours come March 3d. We cloud the real issues with feel-good political need to elect them as delegates to our con- gimmicks. And it doesn’t raise tax rates on vention. the American people. Maybe that’s why the I’m delighted to be back with Connie opposition in Congress are digging in here in Montgomery County and especially against the plan. on the home court of the victorious battling When I presented this plan, I gave Con- Barons. gress a deadline to pass it: March 20, 25 A week from Tuesday, hard to believe, days from now. But instead of putting this but that’s the day, Marylanders are going plan to a quick, clean vote, the Democrats to make a big decision. And I know what in Congress went behind locked doors with the outcome will be. Together on March the special interests and patched together 3d, we’re going to take a giant step closer a deal of their own. It’s a bad deal for the to a great victory on November 3d. This American people. vote carries a special meaning for Maryland True to form for the Democrats in Con- and America. We’ve come to an exciting gress, their scheme will raise tax rates on moment in our country’s history, a crossroads, a place where one era ends and an- the American people, permanently. In fact, other begins. Senate Democrats want to jack up the rates From the fall of the Berlin Wall to the of people making $35,000 a year. That’s last gasp of imperial communism, from the right, $35,000. I’ve said it before, when they four decades of the cold war to the 40 days say they’re aiming at the big guy, they end of Desert Storm, America has led the way. up hitting everybody else. And we can’t let We won the cold war—history will show them do that. In return for this massive tax this—we won the cold war because we increase, the Democrats offer a temporary Americans never shirked responsibility. We tax cut, amounting to about a quarter a day. had a job to do, and we did it. That’s why Twenty-five cents a day, even a tooth fairy today, as the cold war ends, America stands can do a little better than that one. [Laugh- alone the undisputed leader of the world. ter] Then after 2 years, the 25-cent tax cut Now the challenge has come home, as vanishes. But the tax increase stays forever. it has before. Time after time, we lifted our- Well, you don’t have to be an economist selves up, we asked more of ourselves, more to figure it out. The last thing the American

304 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / Feb. 24 people need right now is a tax increase. And And ask the Democrats who should to pay for their plan, the Democrats want choose a child’s school, the parents or the to borrow $26 billion from our children, Government? And I say the parents must pass on an IOU in the form of an enormous have the right to choose their children’s increase in the deficit. Raising taxes and school. deepening the deficit: That’s their idea of We Republicans have always understood speeding up the economy. the way to keep America first is to put If the Democrats really want to send me America’s families first. And those are just this kind of nonsense, I will veto it. The some of the issues we face. In 1992, the American people have had enough of that first election of the post-cold-war era, you’ll old game of tax and spend. To the Demo- decide what kind of medical care your fam- crats on Capitol Hill, I’ll say it again and ily receives, what kind of schools your chil- again and again: Meet this deadline, pass dren will go to, what kind of jobs you’ll this plan, and get this economy moving. Do something good for the American people. have. That’s an example of what this election And it will be a tough fight. And I know is going to be about, a clash between two that. And I don’t go seeking unnecessary views of America. The differences couldn’t conflict. But when principle is at stake, I be clearer. Our view, the Republican view, fight to win. And make no mistake about is based on a fundamental principle: Gov- it: We are going to win the primary, and ernment is too big, and it spends too much. we are going to win the general election. Believe it or not, some people still don’t And we win by setting the pace. We win understand that. You’ll see some of them by leading. over the next week asking for your vote. This American century has taught us When they do, ask them a few questions. many lessons. Above them all is this: When Their answers will tell you all you need to it comes to jobs and economic growth, if know about how they see America’s future. America is to succeed at home, it must lead Ask them who should choose a family’s abroad. This year, America is exporting medical care, parents or the Government? more than ever before. And over the past I say the parents. The last thing we need 5 years, nearly half of America’s real income is the Government—— growth has been in exports. And that means I think this young lady has a question. jobs for American workers, markets for It’s about AIDS. Let me say this because American goods. it’s a matter of real concern. Under our ad- No one said it was easy. Leadership de- ministration, spending to fight AIDS is way, mands character and experience. But right way up. And it’s going to continue to stay now we hear that America has no business up until we beat that disease. It is way up. leading the world, that we should just lock And it’s going to stay up until we whip that the doors and pull down the blinds and disease. And right here in this area in the hope the world goes away. Well, America National Institutes of Health, they’re doing is not that kind of country. Never before a superb job fighting to find an answer to that dreaded disease. And we’re going to in this Nation’s proud history have we keep on doing it. turned our back on a challenge. And we The last thing we need is the Government are not going to start now by becoming an standing between you and your doctor. I isolationistic country. have a sound health plan that makes insur- Americans don’t cut and run; we com- ance available to all. And we need to pass pete. You see, I believe in the American it as soon as we possibly can. worker. And let’s not build walls. Let’s open Connie and Helen have championed child markets, let our workers go head-to-head. care. And ask them—but better still, let’s When they do, the world will see Americans ask the Democrats who should control a can outthink, outproduce, and outperform child’s day care, parents or the Govern- anyone in the world, anywhere, anytime. ment? I say the parents, not some bureau- And so, in summary, let me just put it this crat down there in Washington. way: I want you on March 3d to send a

305 Feb. 24 / Administration of George Bush, 1992 message to those doomsayers and the pes- and they are wrong now. simists. They say our economy has fallen Here in this county, here in your home into an abyss. They say America is a weak- county and all across the country, Ameri- ened giant. I say, ‘‘Bunk.’’ We are the cans are ready to move, ready to face the United States of America, and we can com- challenge and meet a new American des- pete with anybody. I’ve heard these doom- tiny. So, I ask you on March 3d to cast sayers all my life; so have you. Think back your ballots for George Bush. The fight for a year ago, one year to this very day. While our future has just begun, and it will con- American men and women risked their lives tinue for 4 more years. halfway around the world, what did we hear Thank you for your trust. from those professional pessimists? They spoke of defeat and humiliation. They spoke of a long and bloody war, another Vietnam, Note: The President spoke at 6:18 p.m. at a quagmire. Well, they were wrong then, Bethesda-Chevy Chase High School.

Exchange With Reporters Aboard Air Force One February 25, 1992

The President. Good morning, traveling time a person has—as President, you take squad. the heat on the economy. It’s happening worldwide. President Reagan Q. What’s this about President Reagan Loan Guarantees for Israel says you don’t seem to stand for anything? Q. Any reaction from the Israelis to Sec- The President. I don’t believe that. retary Baker’s—— Q. Are you going to have trouble in Cali- The President. I haven’t seen it this morn- fornia? ing, saw some yesterday but hadn’t seen The President. Well, we’re taking it time anything new to add to that. I thought the by time. I think we’ll be all right in Califor- Secretary expressed the policy of the U.S. nia. It’s a little early to be into that one. Government very clearly, very forcefully, We’ve got some earlier hurdles which I feel and very correctly. good about. Q. Do you expect Mr. Reagan to cam- General Motors Plant Closings paign for you actively? The President. Well, I don’t know. He’s Q. Any reaction to the shutdown of GM? been very good about that, but I haven’t The President. No, only regret for the even discussed it with him. It’s way pre- hardship that it causes families, but just mature for that. But he’s been quite sup- keep plugging away to try to get this econ- portive, as you know, already endorsed me omy moving and stimulated. That’s what’s enthusiastically. needed. So, I’ll keep challenging the Con- Q. Are you disappointed at all that he gress to do just that. won’t be at the fundraiser? Iraq The President. No. I’ve known him for a long time. I’m going to go see him, I Q. How about Iraq? think. I don’t know if it’s going to work Q. ——your help to Iraq? What was be- out or not. hind that to help them get loans? The President. I haven’t read all the The Economy charges about Iraq. But as you may remem- Q. Why do you think your poll numbers ber in history, there was a lot of support at are so much lower in California than—— a time for Iraq as a balance to a much more The President. I think the economy. I aggressive Iran under Khomeini. So that think they’re hurting there. And I think any- was a part of the policy of the Reagan ad-

306 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / Feb. 25 ministration, and I was very proud to sup- compare the two candidates, why, we’ll be port it. fine. Q. Will you be mentioning Buchanan by Loan Guarantees for Israel name? Last week you said you were going Q. If Congress were to pass the loan guar- to take the gloves off. Do you intend to antees without the settlements freeze, do so, sir? would you veto any such legislation? The President. Well, I’m still sorting all The President. That’s too hypothetical. that out. You heard me last night. I’d rather We spelled out our policy, and there it is. define it on the issues. There are plenty And it’s the proper policy. We haven’t of surrogates that are willing to make it changed. That’s been the policy of the U.S. more specific. I think that’s a good way to Government for a long, long time. leave it. Q. Is it politically risky for you to now Q. Ads starting up in Georgia against Bu- take this position? chanan? The President. It might be, but I’m not The President. I think that there will be going to shift the foreign policy of this coun- ads that define the differences in position, try because of political expediency. I can’t yes. And I expect that people will under- do that and have any credibility worldwide. stand that, after the ads from the Demo- And we have credibility worldwide. Other- crats in New Hampshire against me and wise we wouldn’t have been able to facili- from him against me. But I’ll try to keep tate the peace talks in the first place. So, it on a high plane—together and go on and we just have certain policy positions, and win. they’re sound. Q. You seem kind of subdued today, Mr. Presidential Primaries President. Are you feeling okay? The President. Yes, I feel good, Rita [Rita Q. Do you expect to be making a lot more Beamish, Associated Press]. trips to California? How are you going to Q. How come you’re so subdued? It’s try and turn around your situation there? early. The President. Just go about our game The President. Do you remember Lesley plan, which is to take our message out Stahl [CBS News] asking when the Berlin there. I understand there’s two extraor- Wall came down why I wasn’t jumping with dinarily successful fundraisers in place out joy? I said, ‘‘We’re taking care of this.’’ It’s there, so that should say something. Maybe a little early. We’re going on a long trip, that will get people thinking positively. and it’s kind of a calm but determined ap- Q. Mr. President, do you think you’ll be proach. able to win California, sir? Do you think Q. Have you added any additional stops you’ll be able to win? on this trip? We heard you might add some The President. Oh, sure. Yes. on the end, Saturday or Sunday, additional Q. Oh, sure? stops. The President. Yes. The President. I haven’t heard it yet, but Q. Pretty confident? I might be the last to know. [Laughter] The President. Yes, I am. Q. We probably would. Q. Patrick Buchanan—fire Bush imme- The President. Have a nice trip to Califor- diately—do you think he’s getting a little nia, everybody. personal in his attacks and his charges? The President. I haven’t seen that, John [John Cochran, NBC News]. I wouldn’t worry too much about that. Q. Those FBI—— The President. Yes. I think we’re going to do all right down South. I feel good Note: The exchange began at approximately about it. We’ve got good people working, 8:30 a.m. prior to the President’s departure and I think the people down there under- from Andrews Air Force Base in Camp stand my message. And I think as people Springs, MD, for San Francisco, CA.

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Remarks at a Bush-Quayle Fundraising Luncheon in San Francisco, California February 25, 1992

Thank you so much for that welcome To paraphrase John Kennedy, I’m back. Pete mentioned this was my 15th visit. touched by that warm response, but not half But you have a wonderful way of making as touched as all of you have been. people feel at home in this State. Thank Before I begin, let me just share and ex- you very much. And may I just say from press my concern for all the Californians halfway across the world, or at least in the who, after seemingly endless years of east coast, watching with wonder, what a drought, have been ravaged by record superb job, fighting difficult conditions, floods. I am pleased to announce that today, your Governor is doing. It’s an inspiration as I came out on Air Force One, I signed to all of us in politics, I’ll tell you. And a declaration to provide that much-needed Gayle, our greetings to you. disaster relief to these flood victims. They’re May I thank the Skyline College Musi- hurting, and the Federal Government ought cians over there and pay my respects to Eric to do its part. Stratman, who got up and gave us that won- I want to talk to you today about some derful rendition of the Star-Spangled Ban- of the challenges that we face, Pete men- ner. No pitch pipe, no nothing, just the tioned some of them, about the decisions beautiful music, and we were all so moved we’re going to make in this election year by that. And though he didn’t confess to that are going to really chart the course of this, your bishop or our bishop—my bishop, this country’s future for the next 5 years. put it that way, and Barbara’s—he used to And let me lay it out straight: What Govern- be our pastor in Washington, DC, before ment can do and what it can’t do, and what he was elevated to being bishop here in I will do as President, and where I will need San Francisco. And Bill, thank you, sir, for your help. being with us today and for those inspiring Start, if you will, with the number one words. issue on everybody’s mind, and that is the And of course, let me single out the mas- economy, the Nation’s economy. One ter of ceremonies. I’ve seen him in all kinds month ago, as the Governor said, in my of roles in terms of dealing with world lead- State of the Union I laid out a two-part ers. I’ve never seen him, I don’t believe, economic plan: for the short term, a plan as master of ceremonies. But George Shultz to get the economy moving as early as this is one of the truly great public servants. spring, seven points to stimulate investment; And I’m delighted to see he and Obie again. and a longer-term plan to keep America And I want to salute our former Cabinet competitive in the new century ahead. I member Bob Mosbacher; and Bobby Holt asked the Democrats who control all the here is our national campaign finance chair- committees in the Congress, both Houses man; Jim Dignan, the California State chair; of the Congress, to act for the good of the Katie Boyd and Howard Leach, who have country. And I gave Congress 52 days to done a superb job on this overflow lunch- pass the plan. eon. And also, Gretchen is out here who Since then, some Democrats have been graciously met us at the airport. Thank you wrestling with their consciences. It is too for all the work on the luncheon. And to early to predict who will win. But instead of all the other national vice chairs—Alex working on my plan, the House Democrats Spanos and Don Bren and Craig Berkman surfaced their own, a tiny tax cut across the and Flo Crichton of the finance team. And board, written in invisible ink, in exchange a special thanks to Mr. Yong Kim over here, for a huge tax increase chiseled into stone. and to my old friend, Johnny Tsu over Ask the people out there, your neighbors, is there, who have done a great job on this. it really worth borrowing from our children Thank you all. to give families an extra 25 cents a day?

308 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / Feb. 25

That two-bit tax cut would make even the my predecessor, Ronald Reagan. He under- tooth fairy blush. It is not good legislation. stood it from day one and fought for a When the cameras are on, the Democrats strong defense. say all the right things, especially in a politi- Now, given the changes in the world— cal year, talk about a blueprint for an eco- and they’re dramatic and they are wonderful nomic recovery. But then the doors close, in terms of the future of our kids—given and the backroom brokering begins. And in the collapse of the Soviet Union, we know the end, it is the same old Democratic deal, now we can reduce defense spending sub- another ‘‘jobs bill,’’ but this one for the tax stantially. So I went to the Joint Chiefs and collectors. to Dick Cheney, and based on the rec- Now, if the Senate Democrats want to ommendation of the Joint Chiefs and the make their temporary tax cut permanent, Secretary of Defense, I’ve proposed a sub- and this is a fact, they would have to jack stantial but a sensible defense build-down, up the income tax rate for every American one that will recognize post-cold-war reali- making more than $35,000. You heard that ties but still leave this country with the mus- right, $35,000, for a plan that’s supposed cle that we need to meet whatever danger to help the middle class. And that’s going comes our way or help defend those whose to come as real news to a lot of factory freedom are at stake. workers and school teachers and everyday And we have a number of Federal pro- Americans that are just struggling to make grams aimed at helping defense industry ends meet. So they are going to tax the middle class for the same reason that Willie workers as they seek new careers now be- Sutton robbed the banks, because that’s cause of our defense cuts. We’re taking where the money is. steps to ease the transition that many firms If you want to give American companies will face as they shift from defense-related reason to expand, then give them what we work to the commercial economy. That’s are calling for, an investment tax allowance. what this technology transfer initiative is all Speed up the rates of depreciation. If you about that I’ve proposed, getting research want to boost the sagging housing market done in Government labs out into the pri- and if you want to give American families vate economy. And in May we’re going to a real shot at the American dream, then bring that message to Cal Tech through our don’t look to the liberal leadership in the national technology initiative. And that’s Congress. Give first-time homebuyers what good news for the high-tech firms right here our plan does, a $5,000 tax credit toward in the Silicon Valley and all across this that first home. Finally, let me just say to State. Our approach is the sensible way to the Congress here: If you’re serious about go, the right way to keep the economy competitiveness, if you’re serious about cre- sound, and our Nation safe. ating jobs, then cut the tax on capital gains. But there are political problems. There These points I’ve listed, and four more, will are Democrats with a different plan in mind stimulate the economy right away. in the United States Congress. They want Now, let’s switch over to the defense side to use the end of the cold war to open of the equation. I’m sure you’re reading a a bidding war to see who can gut the De- great deal about defense cuts. For decades fense Department the fastest. One plan we faced a very dangerous enemy abroad. would cut defense by an additional $200 And we fought the Democrats, those liberal billion over 5 years. Nationwide, cuts on ones at home, who would have stripped this that scale would wipe out hundreds of thou- Nation of the strength that it needed to de- sands of jobs, say nothing about rendering fend itself and to defend freedom. Repub- us incapable of responding to aggression licans fought hard on both fronts. Pete Wil- overseas. son was a leader in this fight when he was You might think about that. Right now, a United States Senator. And winning the $1 out of every $5 spent on defense is spent defense battle on Capitol Hill, as George right here in California. Think of the shock Shultz will tell you, helped us win the cold waves that would touch off in the construc- war. No one understood that better than tion and electronics and aerospace indus-

309 Feb. 25 / Administration of George Bush, 1992 tries and the aftershock for the real estate in themselves. If we can do better and make markets. Think of the workers, the welders more progress in clearing away the trade to the engineers, thrown out of work and barriers and go head-to-head, the American onto welfare. You can call it a double play, worker will outthink and outperform and a Democratic double play, cripple our de- outproduce anybody, anyplace, anytime. It’s fenses and the same for the economy, all that direction that we’ve got to take this at the same time. country. For the sake of national security—and I There’s a new reality now in the way peo- still view that as my most fundamental re- ple live and work and look at Government. sponsibility, the national security of this People really don’t buy that old ‘‘big Gov- country; I think that is the prime respon- ernment’’ rhetoric. The American people sibility of the President—for the sake of just have seen enough of what we call social plain economic common sense as well, and engineering. They know the limits of Gov- for the sake of California and the country, ernment. They know that our greatness I ask you to draw the line and say no to doesn’t spring from Government. America’s those Democrats who want to recklessly cut strengths are in her people, in our families, the muscle out of the national defense of in our communities. Government can’t raise this country. your kids to know right from wrong. It can’t We can turn this economy around, pro- legislate happy endings. Government isn’t vided we deal in economic reality. It all why people work hard, raise a family, save comes down to this: To succeed economi- for retirement. And people know, as Gov- cally at home, we’ve got to lead economically abroad. There is no better case in ernment tries to do more and more, it deliv- point than this wonderful State of Califor- ers less and less. nia, none. This State accounts for $1 in And year after year, the main opposition every $7 of American exports. In 1990 on the Hill, the liberal Democrats who con- alone, two-way trade reached nearly $166 trol the Congress, have pushed spending billion. For the past 5 years that’s an aver- higher and higher. In 1993, the Federal age annual increase of 20 percent. And Government will spend $1.5 trillion of tax- statewide, I think Pete would agree, it payers’ money. People are entitled to ask, means something like three-quarters of a ‘‘Am I getting my 1.5 trillion’s worth?’’ million, I believe the figure is 725,000 jobs, We need to get back to the basics that close to three-quarters of a million, tied into Government is too big, and it spends too trade. much. And that leads me to ask you to urge It is more true than ever before: Ameri- your Congress to give me the line-item ca’s future lies in open markets. It does not veto—43 Governors have it—and give the lie in this negative view of protection. But President, the executive branch, a chance. the people we are battling in the Congress We need for Government to do less but today aren’t about to let the fact intrude do better, to focus on what people want on the fantasy. Their prescription for the and deserve: safe streets, good schools, nineties is really to pull back—not all of strong economy, and certainly a strong them but some of them—to pull back and country. sound an economic retreat, and then to Today we see the return of responsibility, raise up trade barriers, all in the name of an old idea that never really went out of fair trade, but to raise up trade barriers, style. People have had it with the no-fault build new barricades to keep imports out, lifestyle. In their private lives, they know and take this country back to a dangerous actions have consequences. What they want pre-World War II isolationism. As long as is a Government whose policies and pro- I am President, that will not happen to the grams recognize that people are responsible United States of America. for their actions and that Government is re- That’s not the American way, certainly sponsible to the people. Now, if you think not the California way. We don’t cut and about it, that’s nothing more than a working run. We compete. And we work hard. And definition of freedom. I’ve got a lot of faith in the American work- Because we believe in responsibility, we er because our workers have a lot of faith believe in education reform, fundamental

310 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / Feb. 25 reform. We’ve laid out a strategy called these drug dealers, courts that punish crimi- America 2000, to literally revolutionize our nals, not honest cops trying to do their job schools. It’s not Democrat; it’s not Repub- out there, and laws that make life tougher lican. It’s not liberal; it’s not conservative. on the criminals than on the victims of It is American, supported by the 50 Gov- crime. ernors to meet our six education goals. Because we believe in responsibility, I be- We need to hold our kids and our teach- lieve as Pete does, we believe as your Gov- ers to a higher standard; that’s part of it. ernor does in welfare reform. People are And here’s a radical notion: Let’s test these willing to support benefits. They’ve always kids at the 4th and the 8th and the 12th been willing to give a hand up. Americans grade, see what we’re doing, where we’re care. But they want to see some connection doing it well, and where we need to do between welfare and work. They want to more work. Our schools need a good dose see governments at every level work to- of competition with each other. Right now, gether to track down the dead-beat fathers, kids are a captive audience. You give the the ones who can’t be bothered to pay child parents a chance to choose their children’s support. And I think most of all they want schools, and you’ll see our schools start to see us break this cycle of dependency, doing their homework. And the bad schools a cycle of dependency that destroys dignity will be picked up by the competition. and says to a little guy when he’s just start- School choice is working where it’s in effect, ing up, ‘‘You really don’t have much of a and it will work nationwide. chance,’’ passes down poverty from one Because we believe in responsibility, we back legal reform. Here’s the fact: America’s generation to another. That’s wrong. We’re become the land of the lawsuit. We’ve put going to do something to change it. forward a plan, it’s up on the Hill, to cut Right here in California, Governor Wil- down a number of frivolous lawsuits. They son’s got a plan that will encourage people sap our economy. They strain our patience. on welfare to take work when they can find When a father can’t coach Little League it; for pregnant teens or parents to stay in because he’s worried about getting sued, school, get the education they’ll need to something’s wrong. When your neighbor be- make a better future, a future where they comes a plaintiff, something’s wrong. Our won’t need that next welfare check. country would be a lot better off if we spent What can we do to help California? What as much time helping each other as we do can we in Washington do? Simple: We can suing each other. start by getting our bureaucracy out of the Because we believe in responsibility, we way. And we’ll do all we can, Pete, to re- take a hard line on drugs and crime. Tomor- move those Federal regulations, to help you row I go to San Antonio, Barbara and I cut through that web of redtape to real rego down there, and will meet with five or form. six Latin American Presidents, working with These reforms—changes we make now to them to sharpen our strategy to beat the boost the economy and to transform our scourge. Yes, we’re waging a war to cut the schools and our legal and our welfare sys- supply lines that bring drugs into this coun- tems—can really spark a revolution, a revo- try. Interdictions are at an all-time high. But lution to bring this country home to the we’re battling on the demand side as well. bedrock beliefs that have made us great. We set a goal to drive down the current And they are fundamental: Family and faith, adolescent cocaine use by 30 percent. That responsibility and respect, community and was our national goal. And we’ve seen a country. Simple words, certain truths that dramatic 60-percent decrease. Now, that’s hold a world of meaning, I still believe, for good news. That’s good news for families every single American. across this country. But we all know that we can’t begin to Here’s what I know about this country’s claim total victory yet. We must show that future: No matter how tough times are now, here, too, actions have consequences. And no matter what trials we face, America’s that’s why we need stiffer sentences for best day always lies ahead. I believed

311 Feb. 25 / Administration of George Bush, 1992 that when I was a little kid. I believe it wife, Gayle; Rt. Rev. William E. Swing, now. I am totally confident about the recov- Episcopal Bishop of California; George P. ery of this country. And I’ll believe it every Shultz, former Secretary of the Treasury, day I live because that, in essence, is the and his wife, Obie; Katie Boyd, luncheon great glory of our wondrous country. cochairman and California Bush-Quayle Thank you all, and may God bless the campaign vice chairman; Howard Leach, United States of America. luncheon cochairman and regional campaign vice chairman, and his wife, Gretch- Note: The President spoke at 1:13 p.m. at en; and Yong Kim and Johnny Tsu, national the Westin St. Francis Hotel. In his re- campaign vice chairmen. marks, he referred to Gov. Pete Wilson’s

Statement by Press Secretary Fitzwater on General Motors Plant Closings February 25, 1992

The White House made no attempt what- human costs associated with these tough soever to influence General Motors’ deci- economic times. This recent plant closing sion over which plants to close and which announcement underscores the critical im- plants to keep open. The White House con- portance of the Congress acting promptly siders such matters to be internal corporate on the President’s economic growth package decisions. before the March 20 deadline set down in The President is very much aware of the the President’s State of the Union Address.

Letter to Congressional Leaders Reporting on the Cyprus Conflict February 25, 1992

Dear Mr. Speaker: (Dear Mr. Chairman:) U.N. Security Council Resolution 716 of In accordance with Public Law 95–384 October 12 (both attached to my last report (22 U.S.C. 2373(c)), I am submitting to you to the Congress) were widely discussed in this bimonthly report on progress toward a Cyprus, Greece, and Turkey. On November negotiated settlement of the Cyprus ques- 30, 1991, the U.N. Secretary General issued tion. This report covers the second half of his semiannual report on U.N. Operations October and all of November and Decem- in Cyprus covering the period from June ber 1991. During this period there was a 1, 1991, through November 30, 1991 (copy pause in the Cyprus negotiating process, in attached). This was a prelude to the re- large part associated with national elections newal, on December 12, by the U.N. Secu- in Turkey and the process of government rity Council of the mandate of UNFICYP, formation that followed. However, during the U.N. Force in Cyprus, for an additional this period, important contacts between the 6 months to start on December 15. (There U.N. Secretary General and the Greek and Turkish Governments and the leaders of the had been informal discussion of changing two Cypriot communities continued, as did the method of financing UNFICYP, but no contacts of U.S. representatives with all par- changes were made although it was agreed ties. to consider again, during the current man- The U.N. Secretary General’s report on date period, moving toward assessed rather his good offices mission of October 8 and

312 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / Feb. 25 than voluntary contributions.) and Turkey to devote their full energies to On December 3 President Vassiliou of pursuit of a solution of the Cyprus question. Cyprus visited New York to meet with out- On December 23 the U.N. Security going U.N. Secretary General Perez de Council President issued a statement on be- Cuellar to review the Cyprus negotiations. half of the Council (copy attached) that He also had an informal conversation with noted the progress already made through Secretary General Designate Boutros Ghali the efforts of the Secretary General, en- about how the settlement process might be dorsed his December 19 report, reaffirmed moved forward in 1992. President Vassiliou the Council’s position that a high-level also met in New York with the U.S. Special international meeting chaired by the U.N. Cyprus Coordinator, Ambassador Nelson Secretary General and attended by the two Ledsky, and with the U.S. Permanent Rep- Cypriot communities, Greece, and Turkey resentative to the United Nations, Ambas- represented an effective mechanism for sador Thomas Pickering. concluding an overall framework agreement, On December 12 I met with Prime Min- requested full cooperation of all parties in ister Mitsotakis of Greece, who was visiting completing on an urgent basis the U.N. set Washington. We discussed Cyprus along of ideas on an overall framework agreement, with other matters of mutual interest. Dur- and called on the new Secretary General ing our meeting and, in a public statement to report on progress by April 1992. after the meeting, I assured Prime Minister At the end of December 1991 Ambas- Mitsotakis that Cyprus remains an impor- sador Ledsky prepared for his new consulta- tant issue on the U.S. agenda. I told Prime tion mission to the Eastern Mediterranean. Minister Mitsotakis that I would send U.S. His mission began on January 7, 1992, and Special Cyprus Coordinator Ledsky to the will be the initial item in my next bimonthly Eastern Mediterranean early in 1992. report. On December 19 Secretary of State Like U.N. Secretary General Perez de Baker met with Foreign Minister Hikmet Cuellar, I am disappointed that cir- Cetin of Turkey while both were attending cumstances did not allow the Cyprus issue the North Atlantic Council meeting in Brus- to be resolved in 1991. I would like to take sels. Among other subjects they discussed this opportunity to add my personal thanks Cyprus, and Secretary Baker told Mr. Cetin to Secretary General Perez de Cuellar for of our continued strong interest in the U.N. his tireless efforts over many years and Cyprus settlement process. share with him the sentiment he expressed in the final line of his final report on Cy- Also on December 19 U.N. Secretary prus: ‘‘. . . the long overdue solution can General Perez de Cuellar distributed to the be reached and the two communities can Security Council his final report (copy at- live together in Cyprus in harmony, secu- tached) on his Cyprus ‘‘good offices’’ mis- rity, and prosperity.’’ sion. Although the Secretary General ex- Sincerely, pressed his disappointment that the Cyprus question had not been resolved during his GEORGE BUSH 10-year tenure, he noted the progress that had been made and laid out the areas where Note: Identical letters were sent to Thomas work still needs to be done to narrow dif- S. Foley, Speaker of the House of Represent- ferences. He then asked the leaders of the atives, and Claiborne Pell, chairman of the two Cypriot communities and of Greece Senate Committee on Foreign Relations.

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Letter to Congressional Leaders Transmitting a Report on International Agreements February 25, 1992

Dear Mr. Speaker: (Dear Mr. Chairman:) Sincerely, Pursuant to subsection (b) of the Case- GEORGE BUSH Zablocki Act (1 U.S.C. section 112(b)), I transmit herewith a report prepared by the Note: Identical letters were sent to Thomas Department of State concerning inter- S. Foley, Speaker of the House of Represent- national agreements. atives, and Claiborne Pell, chairman of the Senate Committee on Foreign Relations.

Message to the Congress Transmitting the Report on Alaskan Mineral Resources February 25, 1992

To the Congress of the United States: Mines, and other Federal agencies. This re- I transmit herewith the 1991 Annual Re- port is significant because of the importance port on Alaska’s Mineral Resources, pursu- of the mineral and energy resources of Alas- ant to section 1011 of the Alaska National ka to the future well-being of the Nation. Interest Lands Conservation Act (Public Law 96–487; 16 U.S.C. 3151). This report, GEORGE BUSH containing pertinent public information relating to minerals in Alaska, as gathered by The White House, the U.S. Geological Survey, the Bureau of February 25, 1992.

Remarks at a Bush-Quayle Fundraising Dinner in Los Angeles, California February 25, 1992

Thank you all very, very much. And what moved the Academy Awards to tonight, I a pleasure it is to be here with Pete Wilson, think, when we look around back here. And to be introduced by this man who is doing I’m very grateful. so much for the State. And thank you for And let me just say it’s also a great pleas- heading our campaign and being at our side ure to see Don Bren, who is one of our today. It is a pleasure to see you and Gayle. national cochairmen, and Lod Cook, an- May I thank our master of ceremonies, other one. And thanks to both of you for Johnny Grant; say to the next team, Rabbi making this a highly successful event. Greenbaum and Cheryl Ladd, who did a Greetings also to Bobby Holt, who is our great job on the pledge without missing a national finance chairman; former Secretary beat; and Bobby Britt who did the national Bob Mosbacher, who did a superb job as anthem. And thanks to everyone who has our Secretary of Commerce, who is the organized this extraordinary gathering. What chairman of our campaign; and all the other did you do? Tell these folks that they had Bush-Quayle vice chairmen here tonight.

314 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / Feb. 25

What an amazing crowd and what enthu- the political arena, but that’s what it makes, siasm. And you all make me feel so young, 25 cents per person. And to make it perma- especially Bob Hope. [Laughter] You know, nent the Democrats would have to jack up Bob told you only half the story. That story the income tax rate for every American he told was true about Desert Storm. He making more than $35,000 a year, $35,000. went over there, but what he forgot to tell For a plan that is supposed to help the mid- you because of his modesty is, I got more dle class, that’s going to come as real news reports back from Norm Schwarzkopf and to a lot of factory workers and school- from Powell and from all of them about teachers and everyday Americans struggling the lift that gave to those kids, many of to make ends meet. whom had been months sitting out in the So let’s face it, the Democrats are going desert. And we’re very, very grateful to him. to tax the middle class for the same reason And I’m touched, to paraphrase John that Willie Sutton robbed banks, because Kennedy, I’m touched by your warm re- that’s where the money is. They say they’re sponse, but not half as touched as all of going to hit the rich, and they end up hit- you have been. This has been a big success. ting the small guy. Let me start tonight by sharing my con- Now, my economic plan is built on seven cern for all the many southern Californians specific proposals to stimulate this tired who have been ravaged by the record floods economy. And if you want to give American here. And I’m pleased to say that today, companies a reason to expand, then give on Air Force One, I signed a declaration to provide much-needed disaster relief to them—and this can be done in the remain- flood victims. You’re hurting, and we’ll get ing days—my investment tax allowance. you help. And the Governor promptly Speed up depreciation. And if you really moved on that for the State. want to do something about boosting the I want to talk tonight about some of the sagging housing market and if you want to challenges that we face, about the decisions give American families a shot at the Amer- that will make this election year, that really ican dream, then give those first-time home- are going to chart this country’s history for buyers what my plan does, a $5,000 tax the next 5 years. And let me say it straight: credit toward that first home. Give those What Government can do and what it can’t young families a chance. do, and what I will do as President, and And finally, let me say this to the Con- then where I’ll need your help. gress: If you are serious about competitive- Let’s start with the number one issue on ness and if you are serious about creating everyone’s mind, and that is the economy. the jobs, then cut the tax on capital gains One month ago, as Pete said, in that State and stimulate investment. of the Union, I laid out a two-part economic That’s not the only fight I’ve got with the action plan: for the short term, a plan to Capitol Hill crowd. Take a look at national get this economy moving as early as this defense. And it is important to remind our- spring, and then a longer term plan to keep selves that 365 days ago to this very minute America competitive in the next century. we were starting that flanking movement And I asked the Democrats who control the around the Iraqi army in the sands. And Congress to act for the good of the country, a few months before that, nobody dreamed to lay politics aside. And I gave Congress we’d be faced with that kind of aggression. those 52 days to pass my plan. For decades, we faced a dangerous enemy And since then, some Democrats have abroad. And we fought those at home who been wrestling with their consciences. It’s would have stripped this Nation of the still too early to predict who will win. But strength that it needed to defend itself, instead of working on my plan, the House those that always wanted to cut defense. Re- Democrats surfaced their own. And true to publicans fought hard on both fronts. And form, it is a temporary tax cut in exchange winning the defense battle on Capitol Hill for a permanent tax hike. And that tax cut helped us win the cold war. And no works out to 25 cents per person. Sounds one understood that better than my prede- big in a package for the consumption in cessor, Ronald Reagan. He stood for a

315 Feb. 25 / Administration of George Bush, 1992 strong defense and stood up for our prin- plain economic common sense and for the ciples. sake of this State and the country, I ask And now, with the collapse of the Soviet you to draw the line and say no to those Union, imperial communism as we know it who want to recklessly gut the national de- gone, we can reduce defense spending sub- fense of this country. stantially. I sat down with the Joint Chiefs We can turn this economy around pro- and Chairman Powell and the Secretary of vided we deal in economic reality. And it Defense, and we worked out a sensible de- all comes down to this: To succeed eco- fense build-down. We’re talking about $50 nomically at home, we’ve got to lead eco- billion more cut, one that will recognize nomically abroad. And there’s no better case post-cold-war realities, but still leave this in point than California. This State accounts country with the muscle that we need to for $1 in every $7 of American exports. In meet whatever danger comes our way. 1990 alone, two-way trade reached nearly I know that’s a concern here in southern $166 billion. Statewide, that means 725,000 California, with its proud tradition of push- jobs, close to three-quarters of a million ing the frontier in aerospace and producing jobs tied to trade. weapon systems that redefined state-of-the- And it’s more true than ever before today art. We have a number of Federal programs that America’s future lies in opening mar- aimed now, as we cut down on defense kets. But our opponents aren’t about to let spending, at helping those workers, those fact intrude on fantasy. Their prescription good workers, those defense industry work- for the nineties is to sound an economic ers as they seek new careers. And we’re retreat and raise the trade barriers and taking steps to ease the transition that many build new barricades to keep imports out firms will face as they shift from defense- and take this country back to the dangerous related work to the commercial economy. pre-World War II isolationism. I am not And that’s what my technology transfer ini- going to let that happen as long as I am tiative is all about, getting research done President of the United States. We are in Government labs out into the private economy. And in May we’re going to bring going to stay engaged and lead the world. that message to Cal Tech through our na- That is not the American way. We don’t tional technology initiative. Our approach is cut and run; we compete. And I’ll put my the sensible way to go, the right way to faith in the American worker. So clear away keep the economy sound and at the same the trade barriers, go head-to-head, and the time keep our Nation strong and safe. American worker will outthink and out- But there are Democrats with a very dif- perform and outproduce anybody, anyplace, ferent plan in mind. And they want to use anytime. the end of the cold war to open a bidding People here want to know that increased war to see who can gut defense the fastest. trade doesn’t mean a tradeoff when it comes And one scheme would cut defense by an to concerns about our environment. And additional $200 billion. And nationwide, earlier this afternoon we had a wonderful cuts on that scale would wipe out hundreds meeting. I announced the new initiative to of thousands of jobs, to say nothing about ensure that the promise of free trade in- rendering us incapable of responding to ag- cludes protection for the environment. And gression overseas. we’re working with the Government of Right now, $1 out of every $5 spent on Mexico. And we will commit well over $1 defense is spent right here in California. billion in new resources over the next 3 And think of the shockwaves that reckless years to protect drinking water, pay for defense cuts would touch off in the con- cleanups, and enforce hazardous waste laws struction and in the electronics and aero- along the U.S.-Mexican border. And I can space industries and the aftershock for the say to the people of this great State: Here’s real estate markets. Think of the workers, proof that we can sustain a strong economy the welders to the engineers, thrown out and a sound environment. of work and onto welfare. For the sake of Whether it’s the environment, the econ- national security and for the sake of just omy, or any other issue, there’s a new reality

316 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / Feb. 25 now in the way people live and work and children’s schools, and you’ll see our schools look at Government. People don’t really buy start doing their homework. School choice the old ‘‘big Government’’ rhetoric. They’ve is right, and it is working in many States. seen enough social engineering. And they School choice will work across this Nation. know America’s greatness doesn’t spring And because we believe in responsibility, from Government. Our strengths are in our we back legal reform. Sorry to say this in people, in our families, in our communities. ‘‘L.A. Law’’ country, but here’s the plain And Government can’t raise your kids to fact: America has become the land of the know right from wrong. It can’t legislate lawsuit. And we put forward a plan to cut happy endings. Government isn’t why peo- down the number of frivolous suits. They ple work hard, raise a family, save for retire- sap our economy, and they strain our pa- ment. tience. And when a father can’t coach Little Year after year, the folks who control the League because he’s worried about getting Congress have pushed spending higher and higher. In 1993, the Federal Government sued, something’s wrong. And when your will spend $1.5 trillion of taxpayers’ money. neighbor becomes a plaintiff, something’s And people are entitled to ask, ‘‘Am I get- wrong. Our country would be a lot better ting my $1.5 trillion’s worth?’’ We need to off if we spent as much time helping each get back to the basics. Government is too other as we do suing each other. And so big, and it spends too much. So give me I will challenge the Congress again and the line-item veto, and let the executive again to do something about the reforms branch try to cut some of the fat out of that we have pending up there on Capitol the budget. Forty-three Governors have it, Hill right now. and 43 Governors do a good job utilizing Because we believe in responsibility, we it. We need for Government to do less but take a hard line on crime and drugs. Tomor- do better and to focus on what people want row Barbara and I fly down to San Antonio, and deserve: safe streets, good schools, a and there I’ll meet with five Presidents of strong economy, and a strong country. Latin American countries, Latin American And today we see the return of respon- leaders, work with them to sharpen our sibility, an old idea that never really went strategy to beat this scourge. And yes, we’re out of style. People have had it with the waging a war to cut the supply lines that no-fault lifestyle. In their private lives they funnel drugs into the crack houses that know actions have consequences. And what plague good neighborhoods across L.A. they want is a Government whose policies County. Interception of drugs coming in is and programs recognize that people are re- way, way up. But we’re battling, also, on sponsible for their actions and that Govern- the demand side. And we set a goal to drive ment is responsible to the people. And if down current adolescent cocaine use by 30 you think about it, that’s nothing more than percent. And we’ve seen a dramatic 60-per- a working definition of freedom. cent decrease. Now, that’s good news. Because we believe in responsibility, we believe in education reform. And we’ve laid But we all know we can’t claim victory out a strategy called America 2000. It lit- yet. We must show that here, too, actions erally revolutionizes our schools. Doing it have consequences. And that’s why we need the old way isn’t good enough anymore. stiffer sentences for drug dealers. We need And we need to hold our kids and our courts that punish criminals, not honest teachers to a higher standard. And here’s cops out there trying to do their jobs. We a radical notion, as our national education need laws that make life tougher on the plan calls for: Let’s test our kids to see criminals than on the victims of crime. And where we’re doing well and where we need we need to get that House of Representa- more work. And our schools need a dose tives to pass my crime bill and pass it now. of competition with each other. Right now Because we believe in responsibility, we in public schools in Los Angeles and across believe in welfare reform. And people are the country, kids are a captive audience. willing to support benefits. Look, we care. Now, give parents a chance to choose their We’re Americans. We care about the other

317 Feb. 25 / Administration of George Bush, 1992 guy. But Americans want to see some con- can spark a revolution to bring this country nection between welfare and work. They home to the bedrock beliefs that have made want to see governments at every level work us great: Faith and family, responsibility and together to track down the deadbeat fathers, respect, community and country. Simple those who can’t be bothered to pay child words, certain truths that hold a world of support. And they want to see us break the meaning for every American. cycle of dependency that destroys dignity And I might say parenthetically, if I could and passes down poverty from one genera- be prideful in my comment, I am very, very tion to the next. That’s wrong to do that, proud of what Barbara does to demonstrate and we’re going to do something to change strength of family and the caring that we it. all feel in our hearts. Right here in California, your able Gov- But here’s what I know about this coun- ernor Pete Wilson’s got a plan that will entry’s future: No matter how tough times are courage people on welfare to take work right now, no matter what trials we face, when they can find it; for pregnant teens America’s best day always lies ahead. And or parents to stay in school, get the edu- I believed that when I was a little boy. I cation they’ll need to make a better future, believe it now. I believe it every day I live a future where they won’t need that next because that is the great glory of the United welfare check. And we support him. You States of America. say, what can we do to help California? Sim- Thank you all, and may God bless our ple, we can start by getting Washington out great country. of the way. And I’ll tell you, we will do all that we can to remove the burdensome Note: The President spoke at 8:58 p.m. at Federal regulations, to help you cut through the Century Plaza Hotel. A tape was not the web of redtape to real reform. available for verification of the content of The reforms I’ve spoken about tonight these remarks.

Exchange With Reporters Prior to Discussions With President Alberto Kenyo Fujimori of Peru in San Antonio, Texas February 26, 1992

Drug Summit Q. President Fujimori, will cutbacks in Q. Mr. President, what do you hope to U.S. aid hamper your drug-fighting efforts? accomplish at the drug summit, sir? President Fujimori. From the supply side, President Bush. Well, I think we’ve al- we can, we think we can do a lot on this ready—we’re going to build on the first side, but also we need the better com- meeting, the Cartagena meeting, and we’re prehension and coordination. going to get maximum cooperation. We’re President Bush. And that’s all the things going to redouble our efforts on the de- we’ll be talking about. mand side and on the supply side. So, it’s Q. Do you need more U.S. money? the big picture with very able leaders from President Fujimori. Also. [Laughter] south of our border that continue to address President Bush. Everybody does, includ- themselves to this problem. And there’s ing us. been marvelous cooperation between the President Fujimori. That’s the answer countries. they want? [Laughter] Q. The Ecuadorean President said today Q. President Bush, do you believe this that his country needs more U.S. dollars. summit is going to be of any value? What’s your response to him, sir? President Bush. I think there’s a lot of President Bush. Well, I’ll be discussing it value. I think the first one was—President with him when I see him. Fujimori was not at it, but I believe that it

318 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / Feb. 26 set the ground rules, it set some objectives. doing a good job in their countries and who I think this one will do the same thing. We are determined to whip this narcotics threat have a broader number of countries here; just as we are. So I’m looking forward to cooperation is good. And we’ve got to talk it. about how we can do more on the supply and certainly on the demand side, something that we in the United States are very Note: The exchange began at 3 p.m. at the concerned about also. Marriott Rivercenter Hotel. A tape was not So, I view this as a very special oppor- available for verification of the content of tunity to meet with leaders, men who are this exchange.

Exchange With Reporters Prior to Discussions With President Ce´sar Gaviria of Colombia in San Antonio February 26, 1992

[A question was asked and answered in as well, building on the Cartagena summit, Spanish.] which was the first one. But I’m confident Q. How about you, sir? Do you have any- that we will come out with more determina- thing to—— tion to do better on the demand side, which The President. Yes. is largely a United States problem, and to Q. Same thing? redouble our efforts for coordination on the The President. Yes, now that I understand supply side, drawing largely on the experi- what he is saying. ence and the success of this President that’s Q. You’re improving your Spanish. sitting next to me. [Laughter] And so, we can’t take any more questions The President. I’ve got Stephanie over because we only have a few minutes to talk here. [Laughter] No, but I agree that it’s here. We’re glad you guys are here. positive, it will be positive. I will say this to the journalists from Colombia who are Note: The exchange began at 3:40 p.m. at here: The respect that we have for what the Marriott Rivercenter Hotel. In his re- this President is doing and has already done marks, the President referred to Stephanie is very, very high. And this is a multilateral Van Reigersberg, Director of Language meeting; we’re meeting with other countries Services.

Exchange With Reporters Prior to Discussions With President Jaime Paz Zamora of Bolivia in San Antonio February 26, 1992

Q. Mr. President, what do you say to countrymen here that we are very respectful Members of Congress who say your drug of the job you’re doing and cooperation, not war has been a failure? only in the antinarcotics field but in so The President. I tell them they don’t know many other areas. I’m just delighted to see what they’re talking about. That’s what I you again. say. The record is good. Q. Mr. Bush, is the Government of the [At this point, one group of journalists left United States going to support the private the room, and a second group entered.] industry helping other programs in Bolivia? The President. Well, we think we need The President. I might say with your

319 Feb. 26 / Administration of George Bush, 1992 every facet of our society helping, the Gov- lem. And we know that, and we respect ernment, private, everybody getting in- that. So he’s welcome here, and we’re glad volved to help as best we can. And it’s a to have the whole team with us. two-way street. I think Bolivia has been very Thank you all very much. cooperative with the United States. We’ve got a couple of sticking points here that we’ll talk about. But I think generally speak- Note: The exchange began at 5:05 p.m. at ing it’s going quite well, and we salute the the Marriott Rivercenter Hotel. Part of this President for his efforts. He is a dedicated exchange could not be verified because the leader who is trying to whip a tough prob- tape was incomplete.

Remarks at the State Dinner for Drug Summit Participants in San Antonio February 26, 1992

Excellencies, ladies and gentlemen: Bar- Peru has taken important steps to control bara and I are honored to have you join airstrips used by traffickers to move cocaine us here tonight. It is a particular pleasure to Colombia. Ecuador is moving against to welcome to the United States our good money launderers and traffickers on its ter- friends and our neighbors from Mexico, Co- ritory. Colombia has jailed some of its most lombia, Peru, Ecuador, Bolivia, and Ven- violent drug traffickers and is seizing record ezuela. I am delighted that we’ve gathered quantities of drugs. Venezuela is clamping in my home State, Secretary Baker’s home down on those attempting to use its terri- State of Texas, with our Governor here, the tory to ship drugs to Europe and America. Mayor of this city here, in this gracious city Mexico has reduced cultivation of both of San Antonio. For centuries, San Antonio opium poppies and marijuana by unprece- has stood as an important cultural cross- dented amounts while seizing record roads of the Americas. amounts of cocaine through Operation We meet at a time of great hope for all Halcion. the people of the Americas. In almost every For each of our nations, the battle against nation in the hemisphere, people enjoy self- drugs is truly a war. The ultimate stakes government and respect for human rights. are the same: the minds, bodies, and the We’re making steady progress to improve souls of our young people, so many of our people’s quality of life through more whom have been hurt or destroyed by the open trade and investment, by creating violent world of the drug dealers. In the more jobs. That’s why I am committed United States, we’re stepping up treatment, more strongly than ever to completing the prevention, and research programs, and North American free trade agreement link- we’re toughening our prosecution and pun- ing the economies of Mexico, Canada, and ishment of drug kingpins. the United States. And building upon that, We’re seeing results on the demand side we will realize the vision I call the Enter- as well. In the United States over the past prise for the Americas Initiative for robust 6 years, we’ve reduced the number of regu- trade and investment from the Arctic Ocean lar users of cocaine by two-thirds. Adoles- to the Straits of Magellan. cent use of all types of illegal drugs is down. During our meetings this week in San An- The number of high school seniors using tonio, we will refine and intensify our com- illegal drugs is the lowest since we began mon efforts against the menace of drugs. measuring their drug use. Each of our nations is making progress. Bo- We must do more. Drug abuse and drug livia has successfully intensified its law en- violence, particularly in our inner cities, forcement efforts against cocaine traffickers. threaten to destroy our children and every-

320 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / Feb. 27 thing else we hold dear. At risk is the civili- And once again, a warm welcome to San zation we share, our common inheritance, Antonio, Texas. And may God bless you and and our common future. all the peoples of the Americas. And may So, let us renew our resolve. Let us I raise a glass in honor of our distinguished strengthen our commitment to guarantee all guests and the important mission that all people drug-free communities. And as we of us share. work to advance the quality of life in our own hemisphere in so many ways, let us win a lasting victory in the war against Note: The President spoke at 8:01 p.m. at drugs. the Majestic Theater.

Nomination of Joseph Gerard Sullivan To Be United States Ambassador to Nicaragua February 26, 1992

The President today announced his inten- he served as Director of the Office of Cen- tion to nominate Joseph Gerard Sullivan, of tral American Affairs at the U.S. Depart- Virginia, a career member of the Senior ment of State, 1988–1989. Mr. Sullivan Foreign Service, class of Minister-Coun- served at the U.S. Embassy in Tel Aviv, selor, to be Ambassador Extraordinary and Israel, as Political Counselor, 1987–1988; Plenipotentiary of the United States of and as a political officer, 1984–1987. America to the Republic of Nicaragua. He would succeed Harry W. Shlaudeman. Mr. Sullivan graduated from Tufts Uni- versity (B.A., 1966) and Georgetown Uni- Mr. Sullivan has served as Deputy Assist- versity (M.A., 1969). He was born August ant Secretary of State for Inter-American 9, 1944, in Boston, MA. Mr. Sullivan resides Affairs at the U.S. Department of State in in Oakton, VA. Washington, DC, 1989–1991. Prior to this,

Presidential Determination No. 92–17—Memorandum on Counternarcotics Assistance for Mexico February 26, 1992

Memorandum for the Secretary of State, the ment of Defense for the purpose of provid- Secretary of Defense ing counternarcotics assistance to Mexico. Subject: Drawdown from Department of Therefore, I hereby direct the drawdown Defense Stocks for Counternarcotics of up to $26 million of such defense articles Assistance for Mexico from the stocks of the Department of De- Pursuant to the authority vested in me fense and defense services of the Depart- by section 506(a)(2) of the Foreign Assist- ment of Defense, for the purposes and ance Act of 1961, as amended, 22 U.S.C. under the authorities of Chapter 8 of Part 2318(a)(2) (the ‘‘Act’’), I hereby determine I of the Act. that it is in the national interest of the United States to draw down defense articles The Secretary of State is authorized and from the stocks of the Department of De- directed to report this determination to the fense and defense services of the Depart- Congress and to arrange for its publication

321 Feb. 27 / Administration of George Bush, 1992 in the Federal Register. Note: This memorandum was released by the Office of the Press Secretary on Feb- GEORGE BUSH ruary 27.

Exchange With Reporters in San Antonio February 27, 1992

North American Free Trade Agreement ple. And what’s best is to get a fair trade— Q. Mr. President, did you make any free trade agreement through as soon as breakthroughs on free trade this morning? possible. Q. Do you think there will be one this The President. No. We had good discus- year, Mr. President? sions on that with the President of Mexico. The President. Well, we’re hoping so, yes. And we just reassured him that we want an agreement, a good agreement as soon Note: The exchange began at 8:42 a.m. at as possible. No politics, no nothing is going the Marriott Rivercenter Hotel. A tape was to stand in the way of our doing what is not available for verification of the content right and what is best for the American peo- of this exchange.

Text of Remarks at the Opening Session of the Drug Summit in San Antonio February 27, 1992

It is a great honor and pleasure to call and committed ourselves to cooperation, to order an historic meeting, in a historic when we recognized that drugs are an inter- city, in a historic State, my home State of national plague caused by both consumer Texas. We are all here to make this San and supplier. Antonio drug summit as successful as the Two years later the situation has markedly first summit called by President Barco 2 improved. We are facing the challenge. We years ago in beautiful, heroic Cartagena. It are united. We are resolute. We are prevail- is fitting to begin this meeting with a warm ing. We are now seven, not four. We wel- tribute to the great, visionary man who first come to this group Mexico, Venezuela, and brought us together on this issue, Virgilio Ecuador, all of whom have shown firm lead- Barco. ership and courage in this struggle. Others In Cartagena, as President Paz Zamora, who is also here today, will recall, we faced in the Americas and Europe are with us, a daunting, unprecedented, some thought seeing the threat more clearly. Progress is hopeless challenge: How to unite against being made. We have courageously faced the scourge of drugs, violence, and corrup- those who would subvert our societies, tion that was undermining our democratic break our laws, and kill thousands of inno- societies, our institutions, our economies, cents. Top traffickers are dead or jailed. and our environment. Record levels of cocaine and other drugs That meeting gave birth to a new alliance have been seized. Cultivation has leveled to strengthen our democracies by attacking off. Interdiction is up worldwide. We the drug trafficking and consumption with have cracked down on drug users. Con- greater resolve than ever before. Cartagena sumption is declining as our people increas- was when we stopped the finger-pointing

322 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / Feb. 27 ingly reject drugs, especially our youth. Our faster, more securely, and more effectively. judicial institutions are stronger, better able These are important and should proceed. to meet the challenge. Our efforts against We must also cooperate by sharing informa- money laundering, chemical diversion, and tion about traffickers and their crimes so illegal arms exports are improving. they can be brought to justice. But we are here today because the job Sixth, our cooperation has developed in is not yet done. We have not yet won this the past 2 years, and I welcome that. We fight. It is time to assess our accomplish- need to keep in close touch so that we can ments and our plans, to learn from the past coordinate strategy and understand each and look to the future. Let me mention others’ perspectives and needs. That makes what seems to me to be some priority areas. the high-level follow-on meeting very im- First and foremost, we must reduce de- portant. It will be the first review of how mand. All else will fail if we do not do that. our ‘‘Strategies for Action’’ are progressing. I know that task falls heaviest on the United We also must enlist the cooperation of the States, and we have made a good beginning. Europeans and Asians. To do that we Since I came to office, there has been a should send a delegation to those countries 35-percent decrease in current cocaine to talk to their leaders. users, and 27 percent fewer young people Seventh, heroin production is a worri- are using drugs. some problem which Mexico and Colombia Second, we must continue the economic are moving against with some success. This reform, economic assistance, debt, trade, is a sign the traffickers believe the cocaine and investment measures which are so im- trade is declining. We cannot ignore this portant to our antinarcotics programs. The new threat, or we risk a surprise in the fu- United States wants alternative develop- ture. ment to succeed. I am sure Peruvian and Eighth, we must do a better job educating Bolivian peasants will stop growing illegal our press and our publics about our coca if there is an alternative besides starva- progress. In the United States, for example, tion. The stick of law enforcement must we are seeing a downturn in demand that have a carrot, an offer of viable economic was purchased at great cost in money and alternatives for poor peasants. effort. Another example is the story of the Third, we must continue and enhance our drop in cultivation in the Chapare in Bo- effectiveness in eradication, interdiction, livia. and law enforcement that have been so crit- Ninth, as we take up the struggle within ical to our success thus far. Just as demand our own countries with renewed vigor, we reduction will lower supply, so also supply must bear in mind that our efforts transcend reduction will lessen demand. We have laid borders. We must respect sovereignty, or this out in the ‘‘Strategy for Action’’ that our cooperation will not be sustained. But is part of our declaration. We must make as sovereign states, we can agree to cooper- it happen. ate against the traffickers who trample on Fourth, we must look carefully and imagi- the sovereignty. If we do not work together, natively at what might be called nonviolent the traffickers will destroy us separately. law enforcement measures. We must Finally, one more note of great impor- strengthen and harmonize our laws on tance. Everything we do must conform to money laundering, arms, exports, chemical our democratic principles. None of us wants controls, asset seizure, and in other areas. a drug-free dictatorship. We must protect It is here that the long arm of the law can the human and civil rights of our citizens. fracture the power of the traffickers. The We are all committed to defending democ- antiracketeering laws in the United States racy and its principles as we defeat the have proven to be one of the strongest scourge of drugs. measures we have developed in recent years. Fifth, our judicial systems need our atten- Note: This text was issued by the Office of tion. Many of us have underway legal re- the Press Secretary. Virgilio Barco was forms so that we can handle criminal cases former President of Colombia.

323 Feb. 27 / Administration of George Bush, 1992

The President’s News Conference With the Drug Summit Participants in San Antonio February 27, 1992

President Bush. As the President of the also, last year, 203 tons of cocaine were host country, I will give a brief statement, seized in Latin America, a dramatic in- and then we will respond under the plan crease. We’ve shown law enforcement can for responding to questions. work in the drug fight. First, let me just say that it has been a Third, we are making progress in creating privilege and a pleasure to welcome six economic alternatives to the coca trade. strong democratic leaders to San Antonio: Farmers who once grew coca in Bolivia are President Gaviria of Colombia, President exporting pineapples and bananas. Peru’s Fujimori of Peru, President Paz Zamora of economy is beginning to grow again, and Bolivia, President Borja of Ecuador, Presi- the Andean States will expand trade with dent Salinas of Mexico, and then Foreign the United States under this new Andean Minister Duran of Venezuela. trade preference initiative that I signed into The United States is indeed fortunate to law last December. We will expand our eco- have these leaders as allies in a cooperative nomic development efforts so that people fight against drugs. And this cooperative in the coca growing regions can earn a live- venture is reflected as well in the coopera- lihood growing legal crops. And I hope the tion that permeates our bilateral relation- U.S. Congress will do its part by fully fund- ships, for example, the recent agreement ing my Enterprise for the Americas Initia- between Peru and Bolivia on access to the tive. sea, a wonderful agreement; growing rap- Let me highlight the most important ele- port between Ecuador and Peru, another ments of this joint declaration that is about good sign. to be issued, if it hasn’t already been passed Drug traffickers corrupt our young peo- out. One, drug control and strengthening ple. They bring violence to our democracies the administration of justice, includes pro- and destroy our hemisphere’s natural envi- grams to interdict trafficker aircraft in the ronment. This is a new kind of transnational air and on the ground, to control essential enemy, well-financed, ruthless, well-orga- chemicals and money laundering, and to in- nized, and well-armed, a foe who respects crease judicial cooperation. no nation’s sovereignty or borders. The Number two, economic and financial struggle to defeat the narco-traffickers re- areas, focuses on investment, trade, debt, quires cooperation, commitment, and it will alternative development, and for the first not be won overnight. But make no mistake, time, the environmental destruction that is defeat the traffickers we will. caused by drug trafficking. Two years ago at Cartagena we formed And three, prevention and demand reduc- a regional alliance with Peru, Bolivia, and tion, a critical area, involves programs for Colombia to confront the narco-trafficking prevention, treatment, and rehabilitation, cartels. Today three new allies joined us, scientific research and training. Mexico, Ecuador, and Venezuela. In the We agree that the laws of all signatory past 2 years we’ve made significant progress. countries will criminalize all activities that First and most importantly, today in the permit the laundering of drug money. And United States there are one million fewer we will exchange more financial information cocaine users and two million fewer mari- to investigate and to prosecute money juana users today than in 1988. Drug use launderers and seize their illegal profits. We among our young people is down 25 per- will negotiate agreements that allow our cent, a very good sign for the future. countries to share the assets that we seize And second, the so-called kings of co- from the drug traffickers. And finally, we caine, the leaders of the Medellin cartel, will deny traffickers the chemicals they need are now in prison or in their graves. And to produce their deadly drugs. We

324 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / Feb. 27 will regulate sales of chemicals. We will just ask the United States Senate now to press producing nations to adopt strong con- correct the tax-and-spend policies of the trols. And we will increase our own enforce- House of Representatives that went in al- ment. most on straight party lines. It was a pre- We call upon other nations in the Ameri- dictable, sad, sorry performance, when I cas, in Europe, and in Asia, as well as inter- said, ‘‘Let’s set politics aside, go for these national organizations and financial institu- specific growth initiatives, and then get on tions, to cooperate and to participate. To with all of this politics later on.’’ But the continue our efforts, we’re going to hold House decided not to do that, and so I will a high-level follow-on meeting annually to just go forward and urge the Senate to take review progress and plan for the future. better action. But I am not going to sign The declaration of San Antonio, building a bill like the one that came out of the on the declaration of Cartagena, establishes House. It won’t become law. I won’t sign an aggressive agenda for the rest of the cen- it. But secondly, the next hurdle is the Sen- tury. We believe it will be an important ate, and I don’t believe the Senate will go milestone in the struggle against drug use for the same kind of legislation. and drug trafficking. We believe it will contribute to democracy and economic stability War on Drugs in the Americas. It’s been a great pleasure to have these Q. Mr. President, following up on the leaders here. And may I take this oppor- drug summit, you say that occasional drug tunity to thank our hosts in San Antonio, use of cocaine is down by a million. Hard- in the museum, in the theater, and all across core use hasn’t changed at all, and drugs this great city; the mayor and the other are still pouring into this country. leaders of this community that have made President Bush. I think the progress— all of us feel so at home in wonderful San we’ve said—— Antonio. Q. If I can just say, how will this summit And now I understand that Marlin has make any difference to that? indicated, so I guess we just go. Chris President Bush. Well, the summit will [Chris Connell, Associated Press], do you make a difference to that because we talked want to go first, sir? about, at lunch, the difference between the spirit of Cartagena and the spirit of San An- Tax Legislation tonio. One, we have more countries in- Q. Mr. President, while you attending the volved; secondly, there is a new optimism. summit, the House voted down your recov- A lot of the talk was about the progress ery program, passed the Democrats’ tax bill made by Colombia in jailing some of these with Republican support. You’ve lost a third criminal elements. The spirit of cooperation of the GOP votes in the first two primaries. in terms of judicial reform and in terms How do you plan to resurrect your recovery of the approaches that I mentioned in this plan, and how will you shore up your stand- declaration was outstanding. ing with American voters? You don’t solve it overnight. When I say President Bush. Well, let’s hope that the young people in this country are using drugs Senate is a little more—a little wiser than substantially less, down by 60 percent, that the House. The American people want stim- is very encouraging to every family in this ulation to our economy. They’re unhappy country. But yes, problems still remain here, with the economy, and that affects all politi- and the demand in this country has inflicted cians. I have won all three efforts so far, serious problems on the economies of the Maine and New Hampshire and South Da- countries represented by these Presidents kota, and I will win this nomination. here. But this is an international drug meeting; So the purpose of this meeting is to maxi- it has very little to do with the primary sys- mize cooperation, and I think each leader— tem. But I think something that does have and they can speak to it themselves—will something to do with what we are able to agree that that’s exactly what happened as do is the American economy. And I would a result of our discussions here. Now we go

325 Feb. 27 / Administration of George Bush, 1992 on to the next challenge, and that is making ing. more headway on interdiction, making more Mexico-U.S. Relations and NAFTA headway on reduction of demand. Now, I believe from Ecuador, the sec- Q. Mr. President, I am from Mexico, ond—he’s plugged into a different star from the Herald in Mexico. there. President Bush. I know, but who do you want to ask the question to? I’m over my Andean Economic Development quota already, but go ahead. Q. Television Bolivia. This is a question Q. I wanted to ask this of the President for the President of the United States. We of the United States and of the President have the impression that the U.S. position of Mexico. Mr. President, don’t you think is much more emphatic in the sense of that the certification statement made by the interdiction than for alternative develop- United States is a way of having interven- ment. In the case of Bolivia and Peru, this tion in another country, because nobody is is a very delicate subject. And the Peruvian carrying out certification of consumption in position indicated that Peru produces 60 the U.S.? Secondly, what guarantee do we percent of the coca used for producing co- have that the sovereignty of Mexico will not caine later, whereas the United States only be impinged upon in the fight against drugs, invests 5 percent of the antidrug budget in as in the case we had in—[inaudible]. And programs for these countries, in this case, third, I would like to have your impressions Peru. Why is it that the United States con- of this morning’s breakfast. How about the tinues to insist so strongly on the case of NAFTA and your commitment made last interdiction, and it has to be the pressure night to get NAFTA, to bring forward the of the Andean countries that attempt to bal- North American free trade agreement and ance this situation through alternative devel- sending it on to Congress? opment? President Bush. Is the last question for President Bush. One of the themes that me or for President Salinas? I heard here today was trade, the impor- Q. The question is for you and President tance of trade. And one of the things we’ve Salinas. tried to do in the United States is facilitate President Bush. I just wanted to be sure. trade with these Andean countries. Therein The guarantee about our overstepping the lies a lot of the answer. bounds of the sovereignty of Mexico is two- We did have a good discussion here about fold: One, I wouldn’t permit that to happen; interdiction, and we did have a good discus- and secondly, Mexico has a very strong, re- sion about alternative crops. And I think spected President who would not permit it is for us to assign our own budgetary pri- that to happen. So there is no danger. The orities, but I’ll tell you one thing that I relationship between Mexico and the learned out of this is the need to work more United States has never been better. And cooperatively in alternative cropping. it is built on mutual respect and respect So I’ll just leave it very generally there, for each other’s sovereignty. but we are doing our level-best. And every- What was the first part of your question? body knows that these are not easy financial I’m sorry, I wrote down interdiction, but times for the United States. Spending is up I’m not sure that—— tremendously in terms of our efforts, and Q. Certification that the United States I think there’s more we can do to be of carries out annually on the progress made, assistance on alternative cropping. And we because nobody is doing the same thing to had some good suggestions here today from the United States. the leaders. President Bush. Well, we try to level with So we will do our level-best, and we will our partners here on the progress or lack continue to listen to those who say the best of progress we’re making in every area. We answer to the economies down there and presented to the leaders here today a thor- to giving hope to the peasants who are ough presentation as to the progress that locked into the coca growing is expanded we’re making on the demand. It is very im- trade in other areas. And so, we’ll keep try- portant that these leaders know that we

326 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / Feb. 27 are trying on the demand side. families. They affect the health of our fami- I don’t know that it has a meat stamp lies, of our relatives. And they also have of certification, but these figures will be the money to corrupt anywhere and in any looked at and reviewed by the United States country. Therefore, we are going to con- Congress. And I would be open for any sug- tinue waging this war against drug traffick- gestions that President Salinas would make ers. if he feels he needs more information. But And you have there the results and the the relationship is so cooperative now in this evidence. Last year we increased seizure of field that I haven’t heard any requests for cocaine, 50 tons of pure cocaine seized in more certification from the United States. one single year with an equivalent value, In terms of the free trade agreement, I street value, of twice as much the total ex- will simply say what I said this morning: ternal debt of Mexico. And at the same time We want it done. We are not going to be we had the highest rates of eradication, the dissuaded by political pressures in the highest levels of eradication in the world United States. I remain convinced that a in 1990 and 1991 to destroy marijuana and good NAFTA agreement is in the interest poppy crops. We are going to strengthen of the worker and of everybody in my coun- this because even though a lot of progress try. And I believe President Salinas is con- has been made, we have to continue waging vinced it is in the interest of the Mexican a war energetically. people as well. And already the very nego- And at the same time we are convinced tiations that we’re having are leading to in Mexico that no country on its own is agreements, such as our recent environ- going to defeat drug traffickers. Therefore mental agreement on the border. So there’s international cooperation is ever more im- nothing but cooperation here. There’s some portant. Since we’re going to intensify our problems that remain in bringing this to domestic action, we are also going to conclusion, but we both agreed today that strengthen international cooperation with we would press our able negotiators to get dialog, through communication, through the this agreement closed as quickly as possible. level of communication and dialog that was And to those in Mexico who listened to attained at this meeting. some of the peculiar reporting that flows And finally, on the free trade agreement, across the border on politics, please let me negotiations are going well, very well. reassure them that we will press for an President Bush. I think we’ll finish this, agreement. If we get an agreement, we’re and then we’ll try to get you in the next not going to hang back because of some round, sir, if that’s agreeable. special interest that may be making a lot of noise as to whether this is in the interest Money Laundering of the United States or not. It is in the Q. My question is, are any possibilities United States’. We won’t take to the Con- that the United States, within the frame- gress a bad agreement. And when we get work of this agreement, will lift the bank a good one, I’m confident that it will be reserve to investigate drug traffickers at the ratified. So, we will push forward on that. request of Latin American countries which Now, please, Mr. President. may ask for that in order to investigate cases President Salinas. The responsibility of of money laundering? the fight against drugs in Mexico will be President Bush. I’m embarrassed to say left exclusively in the hands of Mexicans. I don’t quite know how to answer your It is our responsibility. Therefore, there will question. We did have a good discussion be no hot pursuit and no other modality of money laundering and pledged total co- that will go against what I have just stated. operation. But beyond that, I’m just not We are going to strengthen and reinforce sure of the technical aspects of that ques- our fight against drugs because it is in our tion. own interest. It is in the interest and for Q. Within the strategies put forth at this the benefit of all Mexicans to fight deci- meeting, did any initiative arise to lift that sively, frankly, and openly drug traffickers bank security act? because they go against the health of our President Bush. There was no discussion

327 Feb. 27 / Administration of George Bush, 1992 of that. There was a lot of discussion of to help Bolivia with this alternate cropping maximizing cooperation on money launder- and also with their own economies. And I ing. But the technical part was not raised think we’ve got a fairly, maybe some there with me. Now, maybe it came up in the wouldn’t think generous, but a fairly gener- working groups. ous allocation of funds in terms of our overall expenditures to these countries. And I Andean Economic Development expect that others wish there were more. Q. I am from Peru, and my question is I’ve had a very frank discussion with the for President George Bush. The optimistic President of Peru, who was working hard tone that you express when speaking of the and has made some wonderful financial reduction of consumption of various drugs changes in that country. Progress has been in the U.S., up to 25 percent. Unfortunately rather dramatic. And there’s no question I think that this is not shared by the produc- that he could use more funds, and we re- ing countries, and they cannot say the same spect that. But I have to tell him, I have thing as far as results are concerned because to set the priorities, and I have to say, this there is a very wide gap. is what we think we can do right now. So While the United States invests billions that’s the way I’d explain it. of dollars on the drug war within the United Having said that, I don’t want to end on States, it only devotes a small amount to a negative note because I think the general Peru for alternative development to combat feeling at this meeting was one of great co- drugs, et cetera. How can you explain this, operation and understanding and frank- Mr. President? Can’t you offer anything ness—say, ‘‘Lay it out there; what do you better now? Do you plan to do something think you ought to have? You tell us wheth- in the future? If you have the security of er we’re cooperating with your judicial sys- being reelected, what will economic co- tem.’’ And they’d tell us. And that’s the way operation be like, and what assistance are it’s got to be. It is a two-way street. And you going to give to Peru and Bolivia who I think that, you can’t put a price tag on need help in alternative development? it, but that was one of the things that I President Bush. I think it’s fair to say that found the most productive out of this sum- the responsibility of the President of the mit. United States first is the people in the Does anybody want to ask anybody else United States. I mean, I don’t want to be a question, because this—I’ll take this row, here under any false colors. We are spend- and then everybody else has to ask someone ing a considerable amount of money. Drug else a question. I thought each one was to spending overall, antinarcotic spending in get two. Go ahead. I don’t want to censor one way or another, is up tremendously, I the press, though. I’ve learned——[laugh- think, close to 100 percent, 60-some percent ter] since I’ve been President. So, I would say I have to look at it that way. I hope it’s not overly selfish. Venezuela-U.S. Relations We do have very strong aid programs and, Q. My question is for President Bush. hopefully, antinarcotics programs that are Venezuela has been unfairly excluded from effective with Peru. We are dealing, and tariff benefits which have been granted to I think most people here that know our other countries. What specific economic economy would tell you, at a time of rather measures is your Government planning to sparse resources. We are operating at enor- take to correct this? mous deficits that concern the American President Bush. Well, we did not discuss people enormously. I mean, they are really today bilateral difficulties, for the most part. concerned about the size of the deficit. So That subject was not raised by the Ven- we don’t have all the money to spend on ezuelan Foreign Minister who was here. all the programs that we think are worth- And I just can’t give you an answer to it while and that we would like to spend it as to how we’re going to treat it in the on. future. I am determined to do everything I can Having said that, let me just simply ex- in terms of setting priorities to help Peru, press my determination to give full support

328 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / Feb. 27 to Venezuela. We think of Carlos Andre´s problems. Although these disbursements Pe´rez, frankly, as one of the great demo- cannot cover all the areas of the fight crats in this hemisphere, a man who has against drug trafficking, when there is a re- stood for democracy. And they are having duction, when there are cutbacks, this gen- some difficult economic times. And so in erates even more problems. a very general sense I say I would like the Today we did not speak of timetables, United States to be as cooperative as pos- specific schedules establishing dates and sible with Venezuela. It is essential that this deadlines. But I think that in that sense relationship, which I consider good, grow there is agreement among all the countries and be even better. But I want to keep and among the Presidents for this reduction it on a very general basis. in drug traffic to be carried out as soon Now—oh, you’ve got one for—you’re not as possible. But obviously, we all understand from the foreign press corps. You don’t that this is related to the size of financial look—— Q. We get two questions. support in every sense and the tools that President Bush. Oh, you do? You’re the every country has within its sphere of prob- second American? All right, we’re working lems. That is why this is the position re- down this row. This gentleman, and then flected in the declaration which has been you’re next, okay? Is that fair? signed today. Where’s Marlin to do all this? [Laughter] Up to now there has been great emphasis made on the subject of interdiction, and this Peru is one of the concerns for producing coun- Q. My question is for the President of tries, above all for those which, like Peru, Peru. Yesterday you, Mr. Fujimori, were have a high number of farmers and peasants very clear in indicating that U.S. aid in the working in the drug traffic. fight against drugs, especially in Peru, has But today, too, similar emphasis has been not been sufficient. Peru is not asking for placed on alternative development. Inter- money to solve its problem, but rather to national cooperation and specifically that of solve the problem of drugs which affects the United States and President Bush par- the population of the entire world. ticularly, I think, is extremely important. Al- You said that you will not accept a time- ternative development which will allow us table as long as there is no financing for to have the support of 250,000 farmer peas- that schedule. We cannot speak of objec- ants as allies, not as enemies, and this will tives unless we speak of financing first. Are allow us to fight much more intensively. you satisfied with the results of the summit The bilateral agreement that we have meeting? Are you satisfied with the figures? signed with the United States precisely Are you willing to accept a schedule or a points in that direction. And that agreement timetable? President Fujimori. Precisely I have made now stands, and fortunately, we have the comments to this effect regarding the drug full support of President Bush. And I am traffic in Peru. And that is how—regarding sure that along the path of such develop- financing for the reduction of this activity ment we will be able to achieve important in Peru, there have been serious problems, results. perhaps not so much regarding the amounts President Bush. May I say to Marlin— which the U.S. Government has generously desperately signing ‘‘two questions’’—but allocated to us but above all because of the four of the leaders have not had questions. long time it has taken and the cuts there So I would like to address questions, one have been for reasons set forth by congres- each, to the remaining four leaders here. sional committees to the effect that there And then, since the departures are sched- are violations of human rights in my coun- uled very tightly, we’re going to have to try, according to them, or because of the conclude this press conference. activity of the armed forces. Local question to one of these four. Yes, Therefore, that long time that it has taken do you have a question to the Colombian to make these disbursements has led to the President?

329 Feb. 27 / Administration of George Bush, 1992

Colombia ahead. Q. There is a very controversial issue that has been talked about very loudly during the San Antonio summit, and that is your Mexico government has been very lenient and has Q. Since the Harrison Narcotics Act was come up with treaties with the narco-traf- passed in the United States, God knows at fickers. If they give themselves up, they get the beginning of this century, and since the a very lenient sentence. What kind of exam- United States and Mexico have cooperated ple are you setting for these people that on drug interdiction efforts for countless are involved in this business? times since then, I spent some time with President Gaviria. You can be sure the narcotics agents over the last few days who men who have submitted to justice, which made busts who tell us that they’re tired. were the leaders of the Medellin cartel, are They don’t believe the war on drugs can going to have stiff sentences. I mean, there be won. They consider this summit a joke, are some worries in the media about the and they consider the Presidents cooperat- sentences they will get, but we have the ing in this summit to be a joke as well. commitment with the international commu- What do you tell your people in the trench- nity. We have a new judicial system. We es, the people that are fighting it every day, have transformed the judicial system, for- what do you give them as a morale booster tified, and we have received a lot of judicial to tell them it’s not a joke? cooperation from many countries, including President Salinas. The most important the United States. And we are building thing is not to have impunity, for those who strong cases against the narco-traffickers, are acting as drug traffickers to know that and we can be sure that these men will in Mexico we are going to punish them with get sentences that are proportionate to the all the energy as is provided for in our law; kind of criminal activity they developed be- and also with the conviction that by punish- fore they were submitted to the Colombian ing them we are protecting our families; and judicial system. also by acknowledging and being very much President Bush. This is for one of the aware of the risk they’re involved, how three remainders, please. much their lives are at stake. Our action Q. Actually, it’s to you, President Bush. is completely determined, and we will com- The question I have to ask is, over the pletely maintain it with full energy. This is last—— a true war in times of peace that we have President Bush. Well thank you, I’m not decided to win against drug traffickers. going to take any more questions. I just told you. You didn’t understand it. Q. Well, over the last few days—— Bolivia President Bush. Yes, this lady over here. Q. I want to ask the President of Bolivia Yes, please. I’m very sorry. You’re dealing what are his impressions about the summit with somebody who has made up his mind. and what are they expecting for the country. And we’re trying to be courteous to every- President Paz Zamora. What I take with body here. Now, if you have a question for me from this summit? I think that what part one of the other three, ask it. Otherwise, of the press felt that the summit might be sit down. before coming here, in the sense that from Q. I’ll be happy to ask it to one of the here we would have a multinational inter- other three; I would like for you to answer ventionist force going out, moving into our it as well. I’ll ask it of the President of Mex- countries, impinging on our sovereignty, I ico. think has been fully cast aside by fact, by President Bush. He’s already had a ques- what has happened here. And rather, what tion. Sorry. we find here is a fraternal multinational ef- Q. Well, he’s only had one. fort of cooperation among brethren to com- President Bush. Okay, you go ahead. bat the same evil in a fully independent We’re not used to this, but anyway, go way, respecting our rights and respect-

330 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / Feb. 27 ing our revindications, both individual as gested that you’re concerned that the drug well as national. war may be headed towards a total failure, In that sense, I want to tell you that it’s and also noted that since Cartagena, the a summit meeting in which I was satisfied, amount of drugs, the supply of drugs, has for example, to hear the report that I need- not been diminished at all. As a result of ed to hear as far as reduction in consump- the agreements reached today, are you at tion in the United States is concerned. It’s all confident or at all assured that the drug a summit that has satisfied me in the sense war may turn around towards victory? And that I have been able to statistically witness do you believe in 2 years from now that that there has been a reduction in the crops the supply of drugs in the world will reduce, of excess coca leaf in the area, a decrease or do you think it will stay the same or which, by the way, coincides with what Bo- even increase? Thank you. And if the Presi- livia has been able to obtain in the last 2 dent of Ecuador could comment, too, I’d years, which is precisely 12,000 hectares. appreciate it. Moreover, I believe that in this summit, President Fujimori. Today’s meeting has the ideas put forth in Cartagena are better been characterized by the total honesty with defined. And today, we see more clearly which we have faced the various subjects. how one thing is the cocaine-drug traffic And thus, when we spoke about reduction, duo, and the other is the coca leaf-farmer this was studied based on statistical charts, peasant duo, and we must never, ever con- for example, the subject of demand and fuse the two in our strategies. how that demand in the United States had And finally, one impression that I want been reduced significantly. to give you: As always, President Bush has impressed us with his profound understand- As far as supply is concerned, the producing of the problem. At this summit, too, tion of coca leaf, as far as the amount of I believe we have included concrete, prac- hectares is concerned, we see a reduction tical elements, mechanisms that did not of approximately 5 percent to 8 percent exist at Cartagena. And we have specifically from 1989 to 1991. Carrying out an even insisted on what investment should play, clearer analysis, this reduction is due basi- what role it should have, both public and cally to what has been obtained in Bolivia, private, but noting that here we are not try- 6,000 hectares. In other words, in Peru ing to place a drain on the U.S. taxpayers’ there has not been any reduction as far as pocket. We want to tell U.S. businessmen the amount of hectares devoted to the cul- and industrialized countries’ businessmen tivation of coca leaf. Therefore, if we speak that we can contribute to this fight by in- honestly, this program has not been as suc- vesting money in producing countries and cessful in reducing the production of coca investing and establishing alternative devel- leaf. opment thus for the farmer peasants. I think Therefore, last year Peru presented a this is a very important step for this summit project which finally was turned into a bilat- meeting. eral agreement to carry this out in a different And something specific to conclude: We way. Unfortunately, the resources available have all taken on the commitment, along are scarce. I have stated and I insist that this with President Bush, to make an inter- is a global problem. It involves not only the national offensive, an offensive we will carry countries that produce the coca leaf, the com- out in Europe, in Japan, in Canada. And mercializing countries, the consuming coun- we’ve appointed a special group that will tries; it involves absolutely the whole world. travel to get in touch with all of these coun- And what our financing is devoted is not sim- tries so that they will also become involved ply for Peru. Therefore, too, we must point in the efforts of Cartagena, one, and San out the need for more allocations. For exam- Antonio, two, so that our efforts are truly ple, in the case of Peru, I’m not talking about global. allocations for the Peruvian Government, no. This is an allocation for the struggle against Peru drugs which would be applied in the battle- Q. President Fujimori, you yesterday sug- field which happens to be Peru. This is a

331 Feb. 27 / Administration of George Bush, 1992 global war. Part of that war is being waged that Ecuador is an underdeveloped country in Peru. as far as drug trafficking is concerned. We Therefore, we require greater resources, do not have coca cultivation. We do not which I am sure that the U.S. Government refine cocaine. Drugs are not part of our and also the governments of the inter- exports, nor is it part of our economy. But national community will consider in its ap- naturally, that does not excuse us from our propriate dimension. I insist and I repeat responsibility of agreeing to efforts with that we have had serious difficulties in this other countries in fighting in a united way past year because we have had those cut- against this modern scourge of drug traffick- backs and those delays in the disburse- ing and drug consumption, behind which ments. We hope that such obstacles will not there is enormous economic power. It is be repeated. a plague that goes beyond any national bor- Likewise, we should say that on the sup- ders. And therefore, as a response, it must ply side, Peru specifically, as the producer receive concerted bilateral and multilateral of 60 percent of coca leaf in the world and action for that struggle to be successful. with the participation of 250,000 coca-pro- I have spoken to President Bush bilat- ducing farmer peasants are willing to erally with regard to the need to finance change lifestyle. And they can do much certain defensive actions, now that we have more. Their contribution can be extremely the time to do it, to keep my country from noteworthy. And that is the potential that becoming a drug producer. Up to now, all every government of the international com- our struggles against the drug traffic basi- munity must take full advantage of. cally have been financed with Ecuadorean Therefore, I was also concerned by the capital. But this financing is not sufficient. allocations made to the producing countries. The task to be carried out is very large. I repeat, hopefully this can be improved. In fact, people have spoken of a war on And it is also necessary, and I must say the drug traffic. That implies a multiplicity this also very honestly, for the good of the of battles that must be won in order to win struggle against the drug war, that cases the war. That requires a lot of money. It such as Peru’s will not be slanted exclusively requires great efforts. That is why we are towards interdiction, that this will not be here. the bias, that we study the problem in an As President Salinas was saying, we are integral fashion, as we are doing it with aid here to defend the things necessary for our from the United States, for example, in our countries in this battle against drugs. We air control, and at the same time develop- must concert our battle against the drug ment. traffic. And that struggle must be the result I have criticized the activities that have of an international response to a crime of been carried out in the last 10 years because international nature. this reduction has not come about. In other President Bush. May I apologize for any words, what we want is more integral treat- violation of the Fitzwater ground rules. I ment, less police treatment. I think that this wasn’t able to control it quite the way I is basic. And I think that in that we are would like to. And I apologize to the fellow in full agreement as well. Presidents here because we had a little di- Ecuador vergence there where it got a little out of the plan that we agreed upon. But I hope Q. President Borja, yesterday your you understand. And I hope those journal- spokesman told us that you and Ecuador ists from abroad who were denied a ques- do not have sufficient resources from the tion or two would understand, too. United States to fight drugs. Since now Thank you very, very much. there are no specific timetables as far as money is concerned, what do you take back to your country in concrete terms? President Borja. I think that it should be made very clear that, fortunately, Ecua- dor—I repeat, it should be made very clear Note: The President’s 122d news conference

332 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / Feb. 27 began at 3 p.m. on the lawn of the McNay eign journalists spoke in Spanish, and their Art Museum. The other Presidents and for- remarks were translated by an interpreter.

Exchange With Reporters Following the News Conference in San Antonio February 27, 1992

Tax Legislation Q. ——apologize to him? Q. Do you think the tooth fairy is watch- The President. I apologized for getting the ing over that tax package? whole thing messed up. I don’t know what The President. What? Something about happened. I told them all—I mean, I’m a—— afraid I know what happened. It wasn’t very Q. Tooth fairy. Watched over the Demo- nice, but that’s the way it is. crats’ tax package. Q. Mr. President, was Mr. Fujimori too Secretary Baker. Taxes? State. Treasury frank? is taxes. [Laughter] The President. I think you heard what he Q. A great line, but never gotten it on said in answer to his first question. Be sure the air. This is intense. [Laughter] But it’s you take a look at the text because it was really unsatisfactory? very—quite supportive. The President. Put me down as dissatis- Q. I need a question, please. One ques- fied, yes. Terrible. It’s so political and so tion. disappointing to the American people, I The President. I may not have the answer. think. But the Senate, there’s still some hope there, I think. But it’s better to keep War on Drugs trying, keep working, keep pressing for something that will help, not something that Q. Do you have proof about the narco- has a good political ring to it, necessarily. traffic leaders? Did President Gaviria have Q. There’s been no attempt by them at proof about—— bipartisanship? The President. Proof? The President. I haven’t sensed it at all. Q. Yes, proof against the narco-traffic I think they voted in the very first minute leaders. to try to go politically one up. But I think The President. Oh, well, we will give full the American people need some action. cooperation to the Government of Colombia to see that these people are brought to justice. And I think he feels he’s getting the full cooperation. But it’s very important. In- telligence exchange, exchange of informa- Drug Summit News Conference tion is something where the United States Q. You like to answer questions? must work closely with this courageous The President. No, I don’t like to. She President who is working very hard to bring made me. [Laughter] The Devil made me tranquility to his country and working very do it. The Devil made me do it. [Laughter] hard to break up these narcotic rings. And Q. Are you thinking about visiting South we salute him for what he’s done. And yes, America? the United States must provide whatever The President. I hope I can get down evidence we can to support his cases. And there again. I know I will sometime. the whole judicial system in the United Q. ——visit Ecuador. States, our Justice Department, must work The President. I’ve been there. As V.P., cooperatively with the Government. And we I was down there. I’ve been to Colombia are. I believe he’s satisfied. several times. I really better run.

333 Feb. 27 / Administration of George Bush, 1992

Note: The exchange began at 3:50 p.m. on was not available for verification of the con- the lawn of the McNay Art Museum. A tape tent of this exchange.

Declaration of San Antonio February 27, 1992

SAN ANTONIO DRUG SUMMIT 1992 nancial support networks. The close co- We, the Presidents of Bolivia, Colombia, operation among our governments and their Ecuador, Mexico, Peru, and the United political will have led to an encouraging in- States of America, and the Minister of For- creasing in drug seizures and in the effec- eign Relations of Venezuela, met in San An- tiveness of law enforcement actions. Also as tonio, Texas, on the 26th and 27th of Feb- a result of this cooperation and political will, ruary, one thousand nine hundred and nine- a number of the principal drug lords who ty-two and issued the following were actively engaged in the drug trade two years ago are in prison in several countries. DECLARATION OF SAN ANTONIO Alternative development programs have proven to be an effective strategy for replac- We recognize that the Cartagena Declara- ing coca cultivation in producer countries. tion, issued on February 15, 1990, by the Although we are encouraged by these Presidents of Bolivia, Colombia, Peru, and achievements, we recognize that mutual co- the United States of America, laid the foun- operative efforts must be expanded and dation for the development of a comprehen- strengthened in all areas. We call on all sec- sive and multilateral strategy to address the tors of society, notably the media, to in- problem of illegal drugs. Those of us who crease their efforts in the anti-drug struggle. represent the countries that met in The role of the media is very important, Cartagena strongly reaffirm the commit- and we urge them to intensify their valuable ments assumed at that time. Meeting now efforts. We undertake to promote, through as representatives of seven governments, we the media, the values essential to a healthy express our determination to move beyond society. the achievements of Cartagena, build upon In addition to the cocaine problem, we the progress attained, and adapt inter- recognize the need to remain alert to the national cooperation to the new challenges expansion of the production, trafficking, and arising from worldwide changes in the drug consumption of heroin, marijuana, and problem. other drugs. We emphasize the need to We recognize that the overall problem of exert greater control over substances used illegal drugs and related crimes represents in the production of these drugs, and to a direct threat to the health and well-being broaden consultations on the eradication of of our peoples, to their economies, the na- these illegal crops. tional security of our countries, and to har- We are convinced that our anti-drug ef- mony in international relations. Drugs lead forts must be conducted on the basis of the to violence and addiction, threaten demo- principle of shared responsibility and in a cratic institutions, and waste economic and balanced manner. It is essential to confront human resources that could be used for the the drug problem through an integrated ap- benefit of our societies. proach, addressing demand, cultivation for We applaud the progress achieved over illicit purposes, production, trafficking, and the past two years in reducing cocaine pro- illegal distribution networks, as well as relat- duction, in lowering demand, in reducing ed crimes, such as traffic in firearms and cultivation for illicit purposes, in carrying in essential and precursor chemicals, and out alternative development programs, and money laundering. In addition, our govern- in dismantling and disrupting transnational ments will continue to perfect strategies drug trafficking organizations and their fi- that include alternative development, eradi-

334 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / Feb. 27 cation, control and interdiction, the Hemisphere, Europe, and Japan, with the strengthening of judicial systems, and the purpose of inviting them to participate ac- prevention of illicit drug use. tively in the efforts and cooperative strate- We recognize the fundamental impor- gies described in this Declaration. tance of strengthening judicial systems to We reaffirm our solid commitment to the ensure that effective institutions exist to anti-drug efforts of international organiza- bring criminals to justice. We assume re- tions, notably the United Nations and the sponsibility for strengthening judicial co- Organization of American States. Inspired operation among our countries to attain by the mandate of the Inter-American Com- these objectives. We reaffirm our intention mission on the Control of Drug Abuse, we to carry out these efforts in full compliance with the international legal framework for express our full support for its programs. the protection of human rights. We recognize the fundamental impor- We reaffirm that cooperation among us tance of strong economies and innovative must be carried out in accordance with our economic initiatives to the successful con- national laws, with full respect for the sov- duct of the anti-drug effort. Further ereignty and territorial integrity of our na- progress in the areas of trade and invest- tions, and in strict observance of inter- ment will be essential. We support the En- national law. terprise for the Americas Initiative as a We recognize that the problem of illicit means of improving economic conditions in drugs is international. All countries directly the Hemisphere, and we are encouraged by or indirectly affected by the drug problem the progress the countries of the region should take upon themselves clear respon- have made in restructuring their economies. sibilities and actions in the anti-drug effort. We reaffirm the importance of alternative We call on the countries of the region to development in the anti-drug effort. We strengthen national and international coop- note that the victims of narco-trafficking in erative efforts and to participate actively in the region include those sectors of society regional programs. We recognize that in the that live in extreme poverty and that are case of Peru, complicity between narco-traf- attracted to illicit drug production and trafficking and terrorism greatly complicates the anti-drug effort, threatens democratic ficking as a means of livelihood. We con- institutions, and undermines the viability of sider that if our efforts to reduce illegal the Peruvian economy. drug trafficking are to be successful, it will We express our support for the anti-drug be essential to offer legitimate options that struggle being carried out by our sister na- generate employment and income. tions of the Western Hemisphere, we call We propose to achieve the objectives and on them to increase their efforts, and we goals defined above in this Declaration and offer to strengthen our governments’ coin its attached Strategies for Action. operation with them through specific agree- Recognizing the need to ensure cohesion ments they may wish to sign. We value and and progress in our anti-drug efforts, our encourage regional unity in this effort. governments intend to hold a high-level We note with concern the opening and meeting on an annual basis. expansion of markets for illicit drugs, par- In order to broaden international anti- ticularly cocaine, in Europe and Asia. We drug efforts still further, we invite additional call upon the nations of those continents countries or representatives of groups of and on other member countries of the inter- countries to associate themselves with this national community to strengthen, through Declaration. bilateral or multilateral agreements, cooperation in the anti-drug effort in which Done at San Antonio, Texas, on this, the the nations of the Western Hemisphere are 27th day of February, 1992, in the English engaged. To this end, we have agreed to and Spanish languages. form a high-level group with representatives [At this point, the representatives of the designated by the signatory countries of this seven nations signed the declaration.] Declaration, to visit other countries of this

335 Feb. 27 / Administration of George Bush, 1992

STRATEGIES FOR DRUG CONTROL AND THE laws, and regulations of each country. STRENGTHENING OF THE ADMINISTRATION OF JUSTICE 3. Control of Sovereign Air Space The Countries intend to strengthen uni- The Countries recognize that drug traf- lateral, bilateral, and multilateral enforce- fickers move illicit drugs via identified air ment efforts and strengthen judicial systems corridors and without regard to inter- to attack illicit trafficking in narcotic drugs, national borders or national airspace. The psychotropic substances, and precursor and Countries also recognize that monitoring of essential chemicals. The Countries are de- airspace is an important factor in the appre- termined to combat drug trafficking organi- hension of aircraft and crews involved in zations through the arrest, prosecution, sen- illicit drug traffic. tencing, and imprisonment of their leaders, The Countries recognize that there is a lieutenants, members, accomplices, and ac- need to exchange timely information on po- cessories through the seizure and forfeiture tential drug traffickers in and around each of their assets, pursuant to the Countries’ country’s sovereign air space. respective domestic legal systems and laws The Countries also agree to exchange in- in force. To attain these objectives, the formation on their experiences and to pro- Countries intend to carry out coordinated vide one another with technical assistance cooperative actions through their national in detecting, monitoring, and controlling institutions. aerial drug trafficking, when such assistance Enforcement efforts cannot be carried out is requested in accordance with the domes- without economic programs such as alter- tic laws of each country and international native development. laws in force. The Countries request financial support from the international community in order 4. Aircraft, Airfield and Landing Strip to obtain funds for alternative development Control programs in nations that require assistance. The Countries, recognizing that private 1. Training Centers and commercial aircraft are being utilized The Countries intend to provide training with increasing frequency in illicit traffick- for the personnel who are responsible for ing of narcotic drugs and psychotropic sub- or support the counter-drug battle in the stances, intend to establish and increase the signatory Countries at national training cen- necessary enforcement actions to prevent ters already in existence in the region. Em- the utilization of such aircraft, pursuant to phasis will be given to the specialties of the domestic laws of each country and inter- each of these centers in which personnel national regulations in force. from governments of the other Countries The Countries also intend, if necessary, may be enrolled as appropriate, in accord- to examine their domestic regulations per- ance with their respective legal systems. taining to civil aviation in order to prevent The signatory Countries, other govern- the illicit use of aircraft and airports. They ments, and international organizations are will also take the enforcement measures encouraged to provide financial and tech- necessary to prevent the establishment of nical support for this training. clandestine landing strips and eliminate those already in existence. 2. Regional Information Sharing The Countries will cooperate closely with The Countries intend to expand recip- each other in providing mutual assistance rocal information sharing concerning the ac- when requested in order to investigate air- tivities of organizations, groups, and persons craft suspected of illicit drug trafficking. engaged in illicit drug trafficking. The The Countries, pursuant to their domestic Countries will establish channels of commu- legal systems, also intend to seize and con- nication to ensure the rapid dissemination fiscate private aircraft when it has been of information for purposes of effective en- proven that they have been used in the il- forcement. This information sharing will be licit traffic of narcotic drugs and psycho- consistent with the security procedures, tropic substances.

336 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / Feb. 27

5. Maritime Control Actions actions aimed at controlling essential and As called for in Article 17 of the 1988 precursor chemicals. United Nations Convention against Illicit The Countries intend to investigate, in Traffic in Narcotic Drugs and Psychotropic their respective countries, the legitimacy of Substances, the Countries intend to significant commercial transactions in con- strengthen cooperation to eliminate to the trolled chemical products. The Countries extent possible illicit trafficking by sea. To call on the chemical producing nations to this end, they will endeavor to establish establish an effective system for certification mechanisms to determine the most expedi- of end uses and end users. tious means to verify the registry and own- The Countries will take appropriate legal ership of vessels suspected of illicit traffick- action against companies violating chemical ing that are operating seaward of the terri- control regulations. torial sea of any nation. The Countries fur- Studies will be conducted in the countries ther intend to punish illicit traffic in nar- where narcotic drugs and psychotropic sub- cotic drugs and psychotropic substances by stances are produced in order to quantify sea under their national laws. the demand for chemicals for legitimate purposes in order to assist in the control 6. Chemical Control Regimes of these products. The United States intends to provide financial and technical as- The Countries recognize that progress has sistance for conducting the aforementioned been made in international efforts to elimi- studies and for setting up national data nate the diversion of chemicals used in the banks. illicit production of narcotic drugs and psy- The Countries urge all nations and inter- chotropic substances. They specifically sup- national organizations to cooperate effec- port the ‘‘Model Regulations to Control tively with programs aimed at strengthening Chemical Precursors and Chemical Sub- border control in order to prevent the illegal stances, Machines and Materials’’ of the Or- entry of chemicals. ganization of American States, the chemical control measures adopted at the April 1991 7. Port and Free Trade Zone Control International Drug Enforcement Con- The Countries intend to implement meas- ference (IDEC) meeting, and the rec- ures to suppress illicit drug trafficking in ommendations in the Final Report of the free trade zones and ports, as called for in Group of Seven Chemical Action Task Article 18 of the 1988 United Nations Con- Force, published in June 1991. The Coun- vention Against Illicit Traffic in Narcotic tries call on all nations, and in particular, Drugs and Psychotropic Substances and in chemical exporting countries, to adopt the accordance with the recommendations of recommendations of the Group of Seven the Ninth International Drug Enforcement Chemical Action Task Force. They welcome Conference. A group of experts may be re- the work of the above-mentioned Task quired to conduct a specialized study in Force and await with interest its report to order to identify the ports and free trade the 1992 Economic Summit, in which it will zones and identify the vulnerable points in make recommendations for the proper orga- the ports and free trade zones in the region nization of worldwide control of those that could be utilized for illicit traffic in chemical products. drugs and chemicals. This study and subse- The Countries express their support for quent reviews will serve as the basis for including ten additional chemicals in the adopting measures to prevent illicit traffic United Nations Convention Against Illicit in drugs and controlled substances in ports Traffic in Narcotic Drugs and Psychotropic and free trade zones. Substances, as proposed by the United States on behalf of the Chemical Action 8. Carrier Cooperation Agreement Task Force in the U.S. notification to the The Countries are concerned about the Secretary General. difficulties inherent in the identification of The Countries call on the International suspicious shipments included in the great Narcotics Control Board to strengthen its volume of legitimate commerce. In order to

337 Feb. 27 / Administration of George Bush, 1992 improve the effectiveness of border controls 11. Strengthening Judicial Cooperation and also facilitate the transit of legitimate The Countries support the provisions of merchandise, the Countries intend to enlist the 1988 United Nations Convention the cooperation of air, land, and maritime Against Illicit Traffic in Narcotic Drugs and transport companies. The Countries agree, Psychotropic Substances related to in- in principle, to implement common stand- creased cooperation and mutual legal assist- ards and practices in order to include car- ance in the battle against illicit drug traffick- riers in measure to improve anti-drug secu- ing, money laundering, and investigations rity. and proceedings involving seizure and for- 9. Money Laundering feiture. The Countries must consider approval of the projects of the OAS Inter- The 1988 United Nations Convention American Judicial Committee on mutual Against Illicit Traffic in Narcotic Drugs and legal assistance in criminal matters and on Psychotropic Substances establishes a series precautionary measures. of measures related to the control of finan- The Countries will encourage the expedi- cial assets to which the Countries intend tious exchange of information and evidence to conform their domestic laws. The Coun- needed for legal proceedings involving illicit tries support full implementation of this drug trafficking, pursuant to their domestic Convention, which requires, inter alia, the laws and bilateral and multilateral agree- criminalization of all money laundering opments. erations related to illicit drug traffic. The Countries recognize and support the efforts of the Group of Seven Financial Ac- 12. Sharing of Assets and Property tion Task Force. The Countries call upon The Countries shall seek to conclude bi- the Eleventh Meeting of senior-level OAS/ lateral or multilateral agreements on the CICAD officials to approve the Model Reg- sharing of property seized and forfeited in ulations on Money Laundering related to the struggle against drug trafficking in ac- illicit drug traffic. cordance with the laws in force and the The Countries intend to make rec- practices in each country. The Countries ommendations regarding the following: also consider that asset sharing would en- —The elements of a comprehensive fi- courage international cooperation among nancial enforcement and money laundering law enforcement officials, and that con- control program; fiscated property would be a valuable source —Exchange of financial information of funds and equipment for combatting among governments in accordance with bi- drug production and trafficking and for pre- lateral understandings. venting drug consumption and treating ad- 10. Strengthening the Administration of dicts. Justice The Countries recognize and support ef- 13. Firearms Control forts designed to improve their judicial sys- The Countries recommend that measures tems, in those cases in which this may be to control firearms, ammunition, and explo- necessary, in order to ensure the effective- sives be strengthened in order to avoid their ness of those systems in establishing the cul- diversion to drug traffickers. The Countries pability and penalties applicable to traffick- also call for an enhanced exchange of de- ers in illicit drugs. They recognize the need tailed and complete information regarding for adequate protection for the persons re- seized weapons in order to facilitate the sponsible for administering justice in this identification and determination of origin of area inasmuch as effective legal systems are such weapons, as well as the prosecution essential for democracy and economic of those responsible for their illegal export. progress. To this end, the United States intends to The Countries call on all nations to tighten its export controls and to cooperate strengthen the United Nations Drug Con- with the Governments of the other Coun- trol Program. tries to verify the legitimacy of end users.

338 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / Feb. 27

The Countries consider that close co- important to encourage investment and operation with the OAS/CICAD is essential trade liberalization, and they intend to move in such firearms, ammunition, and explo- ahead with the three pillars of the EAI as sives control efforts. follows: 14. Other Cooperative Arrangements a. Investment The Countries recognize that cooperative The Countries recognize the critical im- operations have been a useful tool in the portance of enacting laws and taking steps war against drug traffickers in the past. The that encourage private investment and eco- Countries intend to continue and expand nomic development. In this regard, the such cooperative measures through their na- Countries have expressed their willingness tional organizations responsible for the to negotiate parallel bilateral agreements to struggle against illegal drug trafficking. protect intellectual property rights, as well STRATEGIES IN THE ECONOMIC AND as bilateral investment agreements, and oth- FINANCIAL AREAS ers that promote trade liberalization. For The Countries propose to strengthen uni- this purpose, the Enterprise for the Ameri- lateral, bilateral, and multilateral efforts cas Initiative includes trade and investment aimed at improving economic conditions in framework agreements. the countries involved in the cycle of illegal The Countries express their satisfaction drug production and trafficking. Extreme with the establishment of the Multilateral poverty and the growth of the drug problem Investment Fund under the aegis of the are the main reasons that peasants become Inter-American Development Bank. The involved in illegal coca leaf production. The Countries consider this Fund important to Countries reaffirm the principles in the provide technical assistance and to encour- Declaration of Cartagena, which accept that age private investment. alternative economic development is an es- The Countries note that the move to- sential part of the comprehensive plan to wards a market economy in Latin America reduce illegal trade in narcotic drugs and is a good vehicle for generating sustained psychotropic substances. Alternative devel- economic growth, with benefits throughout opment cannot succeed in the absence of society. They therefore view with interest enforcement and interdiction efforts that ef- experiences in privatizing services and in- fectively reduce this illegal drug trafficking. dustries that can serve to attract a signifi- The Countries recognize and approve of cant flow of direct foreign investment. The the structural changes that have taken place initiation of operations by the Multilateral in the economies of the Andean countries Investment Fund and technical assistance in and Mexico. These changes strengthen sta- support of privatization efforts will aid in bility and increase prospects for economic the development of market economies. growth. The Countries recognize that these Some Andean countries plan to proceed reforms merit full support. Efforts to attract with privatization programs and reforms of an increased flow of private investment will financial systems to the degree and depth provide opportunities for sustained eco- possible in each country. nomic growth. The Andean countries state that facilitat- 1. Economic Issues ing access to the 936 funds would have a The Countries recognize that the Enter- catalytic effect in attracting private invest- prise for the Americas Initiative (EAI) with ment to that subregion. its three pillars—investment, trade, and The profound structural changes in the debt—offers important means of improving region make the active participation of fi- economic conditions in the Hemisphere. nancial entities in funding private projects All of the Countries have signed bilateral more important than ever before. The trade and investment framework agree- Countries urge entities such as the Inter- ments with the United States. The Coun- national Finance Corporation (IFC) and the tries recognize that these agreements are Inter-American Investment Corporation

339 Feb. 27 / Administration of George Bush, 1992

(IIC) to continue working with the Andean which will make it possible to implement region. The countries of the Andean region environmental projects in Bolivia. The Gov- are pleased by Mexico’s participation as a ernment of the United States will continue stockholder in the Andean Development to take the necessary steps to obtain the Corporation (ADC), which is a suitable legislative approval required for the debt channel for development activity in the categories that still do not have this author- subregion, particularly for the private sector, ization. within a framework of productive integration. These countries express their interest in also being able to count on active partici- 2. Alternative Development pation by the United States Government in The Countries acknowledge that the goals the ADC. The United States takes note of of the Cartagena Declaration regarding the that interest. substitution of other agricultural products b. Trade for coca and other plants that feed the drug The Countries express their satisfaction cycle, and the creation of new sources of regarding enactment of the Andean Trade licit income, have not yet been fully Preference Act which allows the countries achieved. The Countries note that in a of the Andean region to export a wide vari- major new initiative, the United States—in ety of products to the United States for a consultation with Bolivia, Colombia, Ecua- ten-year period without paying duties. dor and Peru—is engaged in a program to Those eligible countries that wish to benefit provide training and technical assistance in from this law will take the required steps. agricultural marketing that will stress par- The United States, furthermore, plans to ticipation by the private sector as well as implement the provisions of this law as rap- assistance for animal and plant health. The idly as possible in order to extend its bene- Countries applaud this program and intend fits to the countries determined to fulfill to facilitate its implementation to the maxi- the criteria in the Law. The Andean coun- mum extent possible. tries also express their interest in having Notwithstanding assistance already these preferences extended to Venezuela. pledged by the United States and the The Countries recognize that the pro- United Nations, the Countries recognize the posed North American Free Trade Agree- need to establish a broad basis of funding ment will be an important step in the proc- for alternative development. For this reason, ess of creating a hemispheric free trade and given the worldwide range of illicit nar- agreement in accordance with the Enter- cotics, the Countries intend to strive for in- prise for the Americas Initiative. The Coun- creased participation of countries such as tries stress the importance of continued eco- Japan and others as well as international fi- nomic integration and trade liberalization nancial agencies and institutions such as the efforts. World Bank, the Inter-American Develop- ment Bank the European Community, the c. Debt OAS, the OECD and others. The Andean The Countries express their satisfaction nations believe, and the United States takes with the progress achieved by some Andean note, that such actions should also include countries and Mexico in renegotiating their the establishment of a facility for alternative debt with the private international banking development in an international financial in- system and intend, when appropriate, to stitution. The Countries are determined to continue to support reduction of this debt. enlist the support of the international com- The Countries point out that the economic munity in their fight against drugs. reforms implemented by Bolivia have al- The Countries support the work of the ready made it possible for that country to OAS/CICAD Group of Experts charged benefit from the reduction of a large part with reviewing the alternative development of its bilateral debt with the United States approach and recommending ways to en- under the auspices and in the spirit of the hance it. Enterprise for the Americas Initiative, Under the alternative development pro-

340 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / Feb. 27 gram, the Countries recognize the impor- Aggressive marketing is slowly allowing tance of implementing short-term projects the opening of internal markets to the first such as emergency food programs, food for items of this production, in accordance with work, and income and employment genera- phytosanitary and quality control require- tion. The Countries recognize that these ef- ments. The support being given to the social forts must simultaneously accompany eradi- dimension by providing infrastructure in the cation efforts in order to reduce the eco- health and education sectors is making it nomic impact on coca leaf producers. These possible to improve the quality of life of short-term actions must be aimed at pro- the rural population. ducing jobs and temporary income until A new five-year project, which will start such time as the alternative development in early June of 1992, will provide continuity projects are fully developed. and strengthen key activities, such as mar- The Countries underscore the need for keting and private investment. alternative development programs to be Multilateral cooperation through the strengthened in coca leaf producing coun- United Nations Drug Control Program tries, or in those countries with areas that (UNDCP) has also assisted in the alter- have potential for producing plants from native development process, especially in which elements utilizable in the production basic sanitation, roads, energy and of narcotics and psychotropic drugs can be agroindustry. extracted, so as to reduce the supply of raw Nevertheless, based on the above-men- material that feeds the narco-trafficking tioned Bolivian experiences it is rec- cycle. These programs will help farmers ommended that: have different economic alternatives, which 1. Recognition be given to the fact that will allow them to move away from illegal implementation of coca reduction policy has coca production. to be adapted to the pace of alternative de- The Countries acknowledge the progress velopment in order to reduce the gap be- achieved in alternative development in Bo- tween the loss of income and its replace- livia and the beginning of alternative devel- ment. It is evident that the success in alter- opment activities in Peru. In this context, native development will discourage farmers the Countries note the bilateral agreements from growing coca. with the United States signed by Peru and 2. Recognition be given to the importance by Bolivia to implement alternative eco- of full and active participation by the farm- nomic development and drug control pro- ers in alternative development processes. grams, as useful experiences applicable to 3. Bilateral and multilateral cooperation other countries. These two most salient ex- in alternative development be considered amples are summarized as follows: with regard to its specificity. It should in- Bolivia clude comprehensive, multisectoral and long-term program guidance and should In Bolivia, with the firm support of the also be sufficiently flexible, broad and time- United States, efforts undertaken to develop ly to be able to promote qualitative changes other crops in coca producing zones, as well beyond the short term. as in those areas from which people have been expelled, are having some success, starting with the production of genetic material with a proven biological viability, ac- Peru ceptable rate of return and a potential for In the case of Peru, progress can be sum- export. Technical assistance and credit, as marized by the following points: well as continued training of farmers, per- —The participation of the United States mits the achievement of a good level of Government and Japan in the support group technology transfer. for the reentry of Peru into the international Actions taken in the infrastructure area financial community. This allows the IDB have made it possible to improve the means and other bilateral donors to provide funds. of transporting agricultural products to con- —The carrying out of massive food aid sumer markets and processing them. programs, promotion of a favorable eco-

341 Feb. 27 / Administration of George Bush, 1992 nomic policy framework for the develop- (d) Ensuring that eradication programs ment of the private sector and the liberal- take into account the safeguarding of human ization of two-way trade. health and preservation of the ecosystem; —The existence of projects, especially in (e) Fostering new economic opportuni- the Upper Huallaga Valley where 14,000 ties, such as alternative development and farmers have received technical assistance crop substitution programs, that will help in seed research, production, and market- to dissuade growers from initiating or ex- ing. The project provided credit and land panding illegal cultivation; titles and made it possible to resurface (f) Implementing reforestation programs 1,200 kilometers of roads and to set up po- in those areas where coca has been eradi- table water systems, health posts and la- cated but where the land is not suitable trines. for farming; —The massive support received by Presi- (g) Substantially facilitating access to busi- dent Fujimori from the rural population in ness activity and to credit; coca producing areas. (h) Abolishing bureaucratic obstacles and —Plans for 1992 that call for the resur- mechanisms, particularly those that limit the facing of the road linking the Upper production, marketing, and exportation of Huallaga Valley to the coast, a program for alternative goods; recognizing and awarding property rights, (i) Promoting the participation of all and the participation of multinational firms countries interested in providing technical interested in investing in alternative devel- solutions and conducting specific alternative opment projects. development projects with the peasants and/ —All this has been achieved in spite of or their organizations. insidious narco-trafficking, terrorism and the alliance between the two. Under the Agreement on Narcotics Control and Alter- 3. The Environment native Development signed on May 14, 1991, which includes aspects relating to The Countries express their concern re- interdiction and security, an autonomous garding the severe damage that coca cultiva- Peruvian institution will be responsible for tion and illegal processing of coca deriva- distributing the necessary resources. This tives are causing to the environment of the institution and its U.S. counterpart will hold Andean region. The slash-and-burn method meetings to implement the shared strategy, employed by coca and opium poppy grow- immediately after the Presidential Summit ers causes severe erosion of the soil, and in San Antonio. indiscriminate disposal of the toxic chemi- —With respect to respect to human cals used to produce coca derivatives is poi- rights, the importance of conducting the soning the rivers and the water table. These anti-drug struggle within the framework of activities enrich a small group of traffickers international standards is stressed. and cause harm to thousands of people. —With respect to the citizens’ commit- The United States Government notes that ment to the anti-drug effort, emphasis is it is helping the Andean governments ad- placed on the need for them to have access dress the serious environmental problems to information and for efficient legal and caused by illegal coca and opium produc- administrative systems to exist. tion. The United States is providing tech- —In order to have adequate farmer par- nical assistance and training under com- ticipation, consideration should be given, prehensive environmental management pro- among other requirements, to: grams that are important components of al- (a) Creating the democratic tools that ternative development projects. The United make it possible to involve the people di- States is providing assistance for watershed rectly in the decision-making process; management, farm-level and community (b) Recognizing, awarding, and registering forestry, reforestation and environmental property rights; restoration, education on environmental (c) Concluding crop substitution agree- problems, and environmental monitoring ments with farmers; programs. These efforts are designed to

342 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / Feb. 27 prevent damage to—and to restore—the In this regard, the Countries are aware soil, water, and forest resources, thereby im- that demand can be controlled and reduced proving the quality of life and expanding and that the basis can be laid for increasing opportunities for those who abandon, or awareness by means of continuous, system- never initiate, coca production in favor of atic actions that include: alternative crops. The Countries agree that such technical assistance and training serv- 1. Prevention ices must be designed to strengthen the ca- The Countries consider that prevention pacity of Andean governments to protect must be a priority aspect of national strate- their countries’ natural environment. The Countries agree to design and imple- gies to reduce the demand for drugs. ment suitable programs to reduce the nega- In order to prevent consumption of drugs tive ecological impact of coca production and dissuade occasional users, the Countries and ensure that security, interdiction, and must include in their national and drug con- substitution activities take the protection of trol strategies comprehensive prevention the ecosystem into account. programs that include, among other things: a. Education STRATEGIES FOR PREVENTION AND DEMAND REDUCTION The Countries recognize that education The Countries recognize that consump- is fundamental in the upbringing of the in- tion of, and illicit traffic in, drugs and psy- dividual and the creation of positive values chotropic substances are a comprehensive and attitudes toward life, and that the edu- problem, and that it can therefore be re- cational system at all levels and in all its solved only if control, interdiction, and sup- forms is a suitable tool to reach most of ply reduction measures are accompanied by the people. Consequently, the Countries vigorous and effective action in demand re- undertake to engage in additional edu- duction. cational efforts for comprehensive preven- It is also necessary for society, including tion of drug use from pre-school through its members who consume illegal drugs and higher education, by means of scientific re- those who are involved in illicit drug traffic search, in order to create an attitude and or the cultivation of plants intended for con- a culture that rejects drugs and in which version into illicit drugs, to be made aware the family and the community play a fun- of the harmful consequences of the produc- damental role. tion, traffic, and consumption of illicit b. Community Mobilization drugs. It is imperative to provide warnings The Countries wish to emphasize the im- about the dangers of violence, crime, cor- portance mobilizing all sectors of society ruption, environmental damage, addiction, against drugs as a fundamental part of na- and the dissolution of society and the family tional prevention efforts. This mobilization resulting from the drug problem. includes carrying out actions at the individ- The Countries are convinced that raising ual, family, and social levels by means of awareness regarding the harmful impact of activities that include recreation, sports, and drug-related offenses will motivate society cultural events that make it possible to to develop a culture that rejects drug use achieve a total rejection of drug consump- and to support vigorously efforts to combat tion. supply and demand. In order to support this awareness campaign, the Countries agree to assume the responsibility, either individually 2. Treatment and Rehabilitation or jointly, to conduct long-term programs In order for drug addicts to receive suit- to inform the public through the appro- able assistance, the Countries consider that priate mass media and other information reit is necessary to increase their capacity with sources. regard to treatment and rehabilitation, in The Countries also call on their respective addition to improving the quality of services. private sectors to combine efforts to create The Countries consider that these programs a culture that rejects drugs. must be designed not only to reha-

343 Feb. 27 / Administration of George Bush, 1992 bilitate drug addicts but also to help them sources in these areas. reenter society. The Countries will also endeavor to con- The Countries believe that treatment and sult with one another and exchange infor- rehabilitation are basic in reducing the con- mation on the prevention of illicit drug use, sequences arising from drug use, including treatment, rehabilitation, and scientific re- AIDS transmission, societal violence, and search. In this regard, they agree to cooper- the destruction of the family and social ate in order to determine the most effective structure. ways to utilize the research findings in implementing the various programs. 3. Scientific Research The Countries recognize that it is nec- 5. National Councils essary to establish programs for basic and The Countries are convinced that the cre- social research, including epidemiology, in ation of national councils to coordinate ef- their national strategies. Epidemiological forts to develop strategies against illicit programs must be conducted using a meth- drugs has made an important contribution odology that makes it possible to compare to the development of prevention, treat- findings at the regional and international ment, and rehabilitation programs in all the levels. These findings will also be useful in countries. evaluating prevention programs. The Coun- 6. Follow-Up tries undertake to exchange information on drug abuse through a regional information The Countries undertake to engage in on- network and to support initiatives to estab- going follow-up of the actions described lish a data bank on this subject, especially above. To that end, they will assign respon- within the framework of CICAD. sibility to their national councils in line with OAS/CICAD programs. 4. Training The Countries undertake to cooperate by Note: The declaration was made available providing appropriate technical assistance by the Office of the Press Secretary but was for the education and training of human re- not issued as a White House press release.

Remarks at a Points of Light Recognition Ceremony for the San Antonio Spurs Drug-Free Youth Basketball League in San Antonio February 27, 1992

Let me thank David, David Robinson, for And as for the San Antonio Spurs, well, the introduction, what he does for you kids, I’ve often said that from now on in America, what these other guys do for you guys; any definition of a successful life must in- Mayor Nelson Wolf; and it’s great to see clude serving others. And we call helping all of you here. Gregg Popovich and Frank others being one of a Thousand Points of Martin, thanks for the great work you do Light. And it’s great to see athletes who for the league. I’m also glad to see some succeed off the court as well as on and are of the Spurs here and, of course, an old willing to help the young people in this friend of mine, owner Red McCombs, and country. They set a great example for all players. Thanks for letting Barbara and me of us, and thank you, guys. take part in all of this. You know, many sports celebrities have I’m glad to see so many of the parents volunteered their time and effort in the here today because the future of every com- fight against drugs. But think of what could munity depends on the strong families. And be accomplished if every basketball, base- that was the firm belief of our Founding ball, football, soccer, hockey team, from Fathers, and it’s just as true today. major league to college, followed your ex-

344 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / Feb. 27 ample and became Points of Light in this in this country. And as a Nation, we have struggle. And then, from San Antonio to to celebrate the success stories. Showing the Minneapolis, San Diego to Miami, a net- good that’s being done inspires others to work of athletes would show our kids there get out there and do good as well. And is an alternative to drugs and crime. And so, we’re here to honor something special, think of what would be accomplished if your determination and your spirit. And you leaders of every institution here committed kids, and the 2,300 like you across this city, themselves to helping the Spurs and other are learning very important lessons here: organizations solve social problems through Staying drug-free can help you make your voluntary service. San Antonio, the whole dreams come true. city, would become a community of light, Today, in order to highlight for others the something your Mayor over here is working good work that you are doing here, all of for every single day. you, young and old, I recognize the San And you kids are learning something Antonio Spurs Drug-Free Youth Basketball more than just how to make a layup, al- League as our Nation’s 705th daily Point though I saw some real pros out there doing of Light. You see, you prove that no com- that, put on a full-court press. You’re learn- munity has to accept things as they are. ing about what really makes adults click, re- Drugs and other problems can be driven sponsibility, conscience, and goals. And from our backyards if leaders in every com- you’re helping this wonderful community munity are like these guys, if leaders in become a decent, drug-free, safe place to every community care enough to urge peo- live. And by staying drug-free, and I just ple to become Points of Light. heard a group of these kids take the pledge So congratulations to all of you who show in there, staying drug-free, you’re helping us that it’s better to build children than re- the country set up a chance for everybody pair adults. Keep making those hoops keeping away from the deadly grip of drugs. against all odds. And may God bless each We’re seeing results. This year we’ve dra- and every one of you. matically exceeded many of the goals that And now I would like to ask Pop, Gregg we’d hoped to reach, particularly in the area Popovich, to come up here and let me affecting kids like you. The national goal present him with the symbol honoring his was to reduce casual drug use by 30 per- efforts, your efforts, the team’s efforts as cent. It’s actually fallen 63 percent. And the 705th daily Point of Light for our whole that’s something that we’ve all done to- country. You’re going to set an example for gether and something that everyone here, many others in cities all across America. the adults who are working with these kids, Congratulations. should be particularly proud of. And so, I came here today to meet with Latin American leaders for coordinating our Note: The President spoke at 5:02 p.m. at nations’ efforts to combat drugs. We are the West End Community Center. In his going to win that fight. We had a very good remarks, he referred to center David Robin- meeting with all these Presidents, who were son and assistant coach Gregg Popovich of thrilled to be in San Antonio. the San Antonio Spurs and Frank Martin, We want to make life better for the kids director of the youth basketball league.

Statement on the Death of Former Senator S.I. Hayakawa February 27, 1992

Barbara and I are saddened to hear about behalf of the people of California and the the death of former Senator S. I. Hayakawa. Nation. His counsel was always sound and Senator Hayakawa was a leading voice on welcome, and his legacy will be well re-

345 Feb. 27 / Administration of George Bush, 1992 membered. family and friends of Senator Hayakawa. Barbara and I extend our sympathy to the

Statement on House of Representatives Action on Tax Legislation February 27, 1992

Democrats in the House of Representa- alike, agree that the Democrat package that tives today took a turn down a familiar path; passed today does not create jobs or stimu- they voted to raise taxes. They voted against late the economy. The Democrat package creating jobs and stimulating the economy. gives typical Americans only about 25 cents Instead of voting to provide greater oppor- a day for 2 years. But it increases taxes per- tunities for all Americans, they voted to sad- manently. I believe a Congress that has con- dle the economy with a $100 billion tax in- sistently shown it spends too much of hard- crease. working Americans’ tax dollars should not In my State of the Union Address I asked be allowed to tax and spend any more. Congress to put politics aside and pass my I will not accept the Democrat tax in- economic growth plan by March 20th. It’s a plan that will create jobs and put Ameri- creases. The American people would want cans back to work immediately. me to veto this latest Democratic tax in- Economists, Democrats and Republicans crease. And let there be no question, I will.

Statement by Press Secretary Fitzwater on the President’s Telephone Conversation With President Leonid Kravchuk of Ukraine February 27, 1992

The President spoke by phone with Presi- emphasized Ukraine’s intention to support dent Kravchuk of Ukraine this morning for ratification of the START and CFE treaties. approximately 20 minutes. The two Presi- Both Presidents welcomed the excellent dents discussed the situation in Ukraine and state of bilateral relations, and President Ukraine’s international debt situation. Presi- Kravchuk accepted the President’s invitation dent Kravchuk stated that Ukraine will meet to make an official working visit to Washing- its goal for withdrawing all tactical nuclear ton on May 6. weapons from its territory. In addition, he

Statement by Press Secretary Fitzwater on the Confirmation of Barbara Franklin as Secretary of Commerce February 27, 1992

The President is delighted that the Barbara Franklin will be a leader in the ad- United States Senate voted overwhelmingly ministration’s drive to create jobs, increase to confirm Barbara Franklin as Secretary of economic growth, and keep America at her Commerce. As Secretary of Commerce, competitive best in the global market

346 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / Feb. 28 place. tion’s business and commerce needs are Secretary of Commerce Franklin will served in the most productive manner as work closely with Congress, business lead- we move into the 21st century. ers, and organizations to ensure that the Na-

Nomination of Wayne A. Budd To Be Associate Attorney General February 27, 1992

The President today announced his inten- in Boston, MA, most recently as the senior tion to nominate Wayne A. Budd, of Massa- partner. chusetts, to be Associate Attorney General. Mr. Budd graduated from Boston College He would succeed Francis Anthony Keating (B.A., 1963) and Wayne State University II. School of Law (J.D., 1967). He was born Currently Mr. Budd serves as a U.S. At- November 18, 1941, in Springfield, MA. He torney for the District of Massachusetts in is married, has three children, and resides Boston, MA. From 1969 to 1989, he served in Saugus, MA. with the law firm of Budd, Wiley & Richlin

Remarks at the Houston Livestock Show and Rodeo Dinner in Houston, Texas February 28, 1992

Thank you very much, Don. Let me just these two very special commemorative belt say how pleased Barbara and I are to be buckles. In this tough political season I can’t back here. You have a wonderful way of think of a more pleasant way to get belted. making people feel at home, those involved And once again, it is a pleasure to be with in the Houston Livestock Show and Rodeo. you. Let me first salute last year’s winners of I went to the first, I think, my first show the Scramble, of the Houston Calf Scram- when Bar and I just moved down here from ble, now celebrating its 50th year, and also Midland in 1960. And there we got the feel- the 1991 livestock and dairy judging con- ing of what was going on, seeing the whole tests. Congratulations on using your $800 community coming together to back these certificate to help buy a heifer; what’s more, young would-be ranchers and farmers. And to help pay for a year-long animal project. I’ve been back to the show many times. To Tom Glazier and Bill Ruckelshaus and his wife, Jill, over here, and Judge Lindsay The spirit of this show has obviously not and our great new commissioner of agri- changed since then or really since it started. culture, Rick Perry, and fellow Houstonians Nor has the courage and the heroism of and Texans. As I say, it is a joy to be back the cowboys, nor the titanic size of the cat- here for a lot of reasons. It’s a joy to be tle. Seven years ago, as I think Don men- out of there; that’s in Washington. tioned, I first attended, a first for me, the But first let me just thank Dick Graves. Houston Calf Scramble banquet—steak and The first thing when we arrived here that eggs was what I thought it was when I got was on our table was a beautiful book com- going, ‘‘calf scramble’’—[laughter]—but memorating 60 years of the rodeo. And typi- here we are once again 7 years later, and cal of him, his thoughtfulness, there it was I see that Barbara and I are holding up awaiting us when we arrived. I want to the meal. thank him, and obviously thank him for I want to tell you why we were a couple

347 Feb. 28 / Administration of George Bush, 1992 of seconds late walking in here. We were know that sustained by the big things like presented a replica of this magnificent family, home, school—and thank you, Rev- bronze that I understand you can see it erend Payne—church, community, and from the freeway, Dan Gattis and Joe country, we can remake a lot of our country Ainsworth showing us a model of this. And in this image that I think of as Texas: gener- I just can’t wait to see the real thing, time ous, self-reliant, enterprising, proud, patri- and a half as big as the real horses and otic. just a fabulous bronze. So if any of you Here’s a story that I think shows what haven’t seen it, I expect most everyone here I’m talking about here. It’s a favorite of Phil has, why, you’re in for a treat. From what Gramm’s. Phil tells of a friend of his named we’ve seen, it is really spectacular. Dickey Flatt who owns his own printing In 1988, I was the grand marshal of the press, lives in Mexia, Texas, population of rodeo parade. I would like everybody to about, what, 7,000. And he’s Phil’s barom- know that; that was a great honor. It was eter of what is right and what is true. He only equalled by being the grand marshal says whether Dickey works 12 hours a day, a year before of the Daytona 500. I think 6 days a week, whether he’s at church on I was going up, though, when I got to be Sunday or a Boy Scout meeting or the the grand marshal of this one. And I just chamber of commerce, he can never quite wish we were going to be able to be with get the blue ink off his fingers. So when you for one of the shows. But again, many, a bill comes up in Congress, Phil asks, ‘‘Is many thanks. it worth taking money out of the pocket A couple of things pleased me. First, I of Dickey Flatt to spend on this program? liked the show’s timing. Maybe I can pick And let me tell you, there are a lot of pro- up some tips on how to herd Congress my grams,’’ he says, ‘‘that don’t stand up to that way. And if that doesn’t work, there’s always test.’’ And to that, I would simply say Amen. roping and tying. I’m looking forward to That’s the kind of way I think we ought being back in this Astrodome, I might say, to look at some of the things that are going this summer very much. We’re going to bring a lot of people with us, and I hope on in Washington. that’s good for Houston. But I think they’re Ask yourself or your neighbor: Wouldn’t in for a treat as well. we all be better off if all of us, executive The reason I’m most glad to be with you, branch and the Congress, thought a little though, is a feeling that eclipses time and more about people like Dickey Flatt who place. It’s the feeling that we share as is out there working his heart out? And Americans, a feeling we share as Texans, wouldn’t our lives be better, our Nation and the feeling when you see the greater if, instead of Government, we put bluebonnets or spot the cattle grazing in the individual first? the distance or see a landscape that causes This guy Dickey Flatt is like a lot of Tex- a catch in the throat or a tear in the eye. ans. We do believe in good schools and Ours is a great State, and we don’t like lim- good streets. We believe in less Govern- its of any kind. ment and keeping taxes down. And we still Ricky Clunn is one of the great bass fish- believe, I think, in a strong defense. ermen. He’s a Texan, young guy, and he’s I am very proud that since I’ve become a very competitive fisherman. He talked President, the Berlin Wall has come down about learning to fish wading in the creeks and the Soviet Union isn’t anymore. Impe- behind his dad; he in his underwear, wading rial communism, the aggressive communism in the creeks behind his father. And he said, that wanted to take over the world, doesn’t as a fisherman he said, ‘‘It’s great to grow exist anymore. And I think these young kids up in a country with no limits.’’ And I’ve here today probably go to sleep at night always remembered that wonderful state- without the fear of nuclear weapons and nu- ment by this young kid who has gone on clear war that maybe their mothers and to be one of the champion fishermen in dads did, not so many years ago. So, we our country and a proud son of Texas. have a lot to be grateful for in terms of the We don’t like limits of any kind. And we changes that are taking place around the

348 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / Feb. 28 world. Mayor Strauss, former Mayor Strauss, An- Having said that, I have proposed sub- nette Strauss of Dallas, to take a look at stantial defense cuts based on the rec- every single piece of legislation to see if ommendation of the Joint Chiefs of Staff in some devious way it weakens family and and of our very able Secretary of Defense. then to make proposals for legislation that But people say to me, ‘‘What is the enemy?’’ can help keep our families together. The And the enemy is unpredictability. The more I think about the problem, the more enemy is surprise. And I am determined I think those mayors are right. And I hope as long as I am President to keep the mus- as President we can demonstrate not only cle of our defense intact so that we can love for our own personal family but the guarantee the national security for these fact that we think family is very, very impor- young kids that are here today. And that’s tant to the heartbeat and to the strength an awesome responsibility and one that I of our great country. hope I can fulfill. This is America. This is what we are and We believe that trapping people in de- why we live. And these things are worth pendency is wrong. There’s an awful lot of fighting for, as Texans have shown that from people that need help. They need help from San Jacinto until just a year ago today, I community, as our able judge knows, my believe it was, when that war in the Persian friend Jon Lindsay. They need help from Gulf wrapped up with many volunteers, Government. And the Government should many reserves, many regulars coming from be compassioned and try to help. But when our great State in that war as they have we have a system that assigns people, be- in so many in the past. cause of its inadequacy, to generation after There are also things which don’t change generation of welfare, there’s something from one year to the next in our neighbor- wrong. And we’re trying to change it, and hoods, in our churches, in our families, and we ought to change it because we need peo- in ourselves. And I think these values show ple to have a little more dignity and a little why the American way of life is the greatest less dependence on a system that regret- way of all. tably has let them down. We’re in some tough times now. I happen We believe that America is divinely to think there’s a little too much pessimism blessed. I still feel this, and I still think around because we are Americans, all of that we ought to have voluntary prayer in us here, we are Texans, and we’re not going our schools. I don’t think anybody is hurt to be defeated. We’re going to prevail as by that. And I think our Nation was weak- this economy comes back. And as we ened when that was removed from the once—we will keep the position we have classrooms of this country. in the world as number one. I hear people And so I’ve tried to highlight some of talk about, ‘Well, we want to be first.’’ Well, the values. You know, we had—I mentioned we are first. You have to go to some foreign this in my State of the Union Message— country, and there’s never been more credi- several of the leading mayors, I think it was bility or respect for the United States of the executive committee from the National America around the world than there is League of Cities, came to the White House. today. And they made a real impression on me— So I think we’ve been a little too apolo- Mayor Tom Bradley of the sprawling city getic and a little too pessimistic in these of Los Angeles and others from large cities; tough economic times. And I hope I’m the one Republican mayor from a tiny town in one to lead us out of that pessimism into North Carolina; the Mayor of Plano, a the kind of days that this State knows and woman from up in Plano, Texas—and all knows well. of them said, ‘‘We have met, and we believe We are delighted to have been here that the major problems in the cities stem today. And I might—listen, can I make one from the decline of the American family.’’ other family observation? I am very And so that night in the State of the proud—Barbara’s—I’m having difficulty liv- Union Message, I appointed a commission ing with her because this morning they to be headed by Governor Ashcroft and by named a school for her right here in—Bar-

349 Feb. 28 / Administration of George Bush, 1992 bara Bush School, and she’s been on Cloud marks, he referred to Don Jordan, master Nine since she got back. But I think she’s of ceremonies, Tom Glazier, vice president, doing a superb job in emulating and speak- Dick Graves, president, Dan A. Gattis, gen- ing for these values that I’ve talked with eral manager, and Joseph T. Ainsworth, you a little bit about today. M.D., executive committee member, Houston I don’t know why I’ve inflicted such a Livestock Show and Rodeo; William D. philosophical lecture on you at such an up- Ruckelshaus, former Environmental Protec- beat time as this. But maybe it’s just be- tion Agency Administrator, and his wife, cause we feel we’re among friends. Jill; Jon Lindsay, county judge, Harris Thank you all very, very much. County, TX; Senator Phil Gramm; and Claude Payne, rector of St. Martin’s Epis- Note: The President spoke at 4:07 p.m. at copal Parish, Houston, TX, who gave the the Sheraton Astrodome Hotel. In his re- invocation.

Exchange With Reporters in Houston February 28, 1992

Presidential Campaign gesting that, but I feel comfortable with Q. Mr. President, Marlin Fitzwater says where we are. I don’t think a President Buchanan is a town bully. should get down there in that level. I think The President. Hey, I don’t want to take just keep trying to do my job and try to any questions. We’re here talking rodeo. say what I believe, as I did over here. And Q. They’re Fitzwater’s words, not ours. I was very pleased with the response here, The President. I have great confidence in incidentally. You can ask these guys—— Marlin. [Laughter] Q. [Inaudible] We’ve got to see the big guy here. The President. Well, I feel comfortable A little jackass coming up here. Get him with where we are. over. Q. Do you think that voter discontent will Q. I’m afraid to ask a question after that remain so long as the economy—— remark. [Laughter] The President. I think the economy has The President. That’s right—[laughter]. I a lot to do with it. I think there’s a little wasn’t speaking about anybody in the too much negative about it, but yes, I do traveling—— think it will. I have to bear my share of Q. Look out—— responsibility. What I want to do is put the The President. Look out for that jackass emphasis on the good things about this there, guys—miniature mule, watch out for country and about the fact that things are the miniature mule over here. These things beginning to move and about the fact that can kick you. we’ve got some fine programs. But when Q. Are you getting tired of getting beat you get into a campaign year, why, things up by Pat Buchanan, Mr. President? are a little distorted. The President. No—— The American people are a little tired of Q. [Inaudible] all the attack; I think they’re a little tired The President. That’s not what these guys of that. You know, five Democrats out there thought. and then one other guy. So, I’m just trying Q. This is the symbol of the Democratic to do my job and stay calm and say what Party. [Laughter] I’m for and continue to lead this country. Q. Are you embracing this animal? I think people—— [Laughter] Q. Are you resigned to losing the 20– Q. ——gloves off, Mr. President? 30 percent in the primary? The President. Well, some people are sug- The President. No, I’m resigned to win-

350 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / Feb. 28 ning the nomination and winning the Presi- One of the main things to do—and this dency. And I really feel very confident gets into whether you get into the attack about both. I hope that confidence is justi- business in the primaries—what we’re trying fied, but I feel confident about it. And I to do is conclude a Uruguay round of the can’t be dissuaded by a lot of political at- GATT that will expand markets for agri- tacks. I’ve just got to keep—you know, this culture and avoid some of the terrible drug summit yesterday happened to be im- Democratic policies of the past like agricul- portant if you believe in the lives of our tural boycotts. And I’ve been a President children, if you believe in trying to strength- that understands that. And I think farmers, en families by getting rid of some of this I hope they’ll understand it. But I think narcotics. So, I have to do certain things the reason I gave you is why you’re not that the attackers don’t have to do. One hearing quite as much about ag issues. of them is be President. And I think I’ll be there for another 4 or 5 years. School Named for President Agriculture Q. How many schools are named after you, Mr. President? Q. Mr. President, in the campaign, agri- The President. One, and the vote was 3 cultural issues haven’t been at the fore—— The President. No. Part of that is because to 2. [Laughter] But I won it, and the the early States haven’t been as—[ap- school is in Midland, Texas. plause]—hey, wait a minute. Where’s the Q. So it’s tied now. response? Where’s my response, hey. [Ap- The President. Yes, but she got a unani- plause] Some of that I think is because Iowa mous school board—— normally is a battleground, and normally we Mrs. Bush. Now, wait a minute. get our ag policies out there. And I think that’s one of the reasons you haven’t heard Note: The exchange began at 4:26 p.m. at quite as much about it, but a very important the Houston Astrodome. A tape was not issue. But I think we’ve had good agricul- available for verification of the content of tural programs. this exchange.

Presidential Determination No. 92–18—Memorandum on Certification for Major Narcotics Producing and Transit Countries February 28, 1992

Memorandum for the Secretary of State Hong Kong, India, Jamaica, Laos, Ma- laysia, Mexico, Morocco, Nigeria, Paki- Subject: Certifications for Major Narcotics stan, Panama, Paraguay, Peru, Thailand, Producing and Transit Countries Venezuela. By virtue of the authority vested in me by Section 481(h)(2)(A)(i) of the Foreign By virtue of the authority vested in me Assistance Act of 1961, as amended, 22 by Section 481(h)(2)(A)(ii) of the Act, 22 U.S.C. 2291(h)(2)(A)(i) (‘‘the Act’’), I here- U.S.C. 2291(h)(2)(A)(ii), I hereby determine by determine and certify that the following that it is in the vital national interests of major narcotics producing and/or major nar- the United States to certify the following cotics transit countries/dependent territory country: have cooperated fully with the United Lebanon. States, or taken adequate steps on their own, to control narcotics production, traf- Information on this country as required ficking and money laundering: under Section 481(h)(2)(D), 22 U.S.C. 2291(h)(2)(D), of the Act is enclosed. The Bahamas, Belize, Bolivia, Brazil, China, Colombia, Ecuador, Guatemala,

351 Feb. 28 / Administration of George Bush, 1992

I have determined that the following International Narcotics Control Strategy Re- major producing and/or major transit coun- port of 1992. Because the performance of tries do not meet the standards set forth these countries varies, I have attached an in Section 481(h)(2)(A) of the Act, 22 explanatory statement in each case. U.S.C. 2291(h)(2)(A): You are hereby directed to report this determination to the Congress immediately Afghanistan, Burma, Iran and Syria. and to publish it in the Federal Register. In making these determinations, I have GEORGE BUSH considered the factors set forth in Section 481(h)(3) of the Act, 22 U.S.C. 2291(h)(3), [Filed with the Office of the Federal Reg- based on the information contained in the ister, 2:42 p.m., March 9, 1992]

Remarks to the Associated General Contractors of America in Dallas, Texas February 29, 1992

Thank you all. Pleased be seated. And a strange nostalgia for the 1930’s, when Marvin, thank you, sir, for your warm wel- America isolated itself from the world secu- come, for your wonderful support, for being rity challenges and from trade opportunities. an outstanding leader of the AGC. And may But standing steadfast with me were mil- I salute—although you are not officially in lions of commonsense Americans like your- the lame duck status yet—[laughter]—sev- selves, and right where you’ve been in good eral more months to go—may I also salute times and in bad. People in our construction Robins Jackson over here, who will be your trades have never, never, ever been con- successor and I’m sure will do a good job fused about our national symbol. You know as well. I am delighted to be here with Kirk it’s not the ostrich; it’s the eagle. And I Fordice, the new and outstanding Governor am grateful for your support. We agree on of the State of Mississippi, one of your own. the big issues that shape our world and on He’s served this outfit well as president. the values, the values close to home. And And let me also single out a man I’ve known I’m talking about jobs, about family, about for years, the Mayor of your host city, my peace, for ourselves and for, as Marvin said, old friend, a former Member of Congress, for our kids. Steve Bartlett. What a job he is doing for Today, our top concern is getting the this great city. Steve, where the heck is he? economy moving and growing again. And I Right over here. And I’m proud to stand couldn’t have a better set of partners in this with you today, the men and women who project than the Associated General Con- work in construction in this great country. You are one gutsy group of Americans, and tractors of America. We’ve been together in I believe the whole country knows it. earlier battles for this cause, and together We mark an anniversary this week. One we’ve won. And we’ve stuck to principles, year ago, American and allied forces liber- and we’ve helped make this country strong. ated Kuwait. In only 100 hours of ground I’ll always remember where you stood back combat, those troops achieved a magnificent in 1982, when times were as tough as they victory. When we drew our line in the sand, get. The economy then was still in a rather I faced resistance from two corners. On one deep recession, reeling from the malaise side was the latest wave of out-of-touch lib- days of the late seventies. Unemployment, erals who argued that we shouldn’t fight for you remember, in ’82 was 10.7 percent. what was right. I also had to contend with President Reagan and I knew that the only another group of skeptics, folks who harbor

352 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / Feb. 29 effective remedy wasn’t more Government back. I urged the Congress in the State of control; it was greater freedom. And you the Union to put politics aside and to pass shared our long view of things, and you an incentive program, telling them I’ll be stood with us solidly. glad to engage with them politically after In 1990, when the business cycle turned the 20th of March and they should lay poli- down, you stood with your President once tics aside until then. I asked them to put again and helped me light a fire under the politics aside as usual, but playing politics, do-nothing Congress of the United States. they passed up a chance to stimulate the And because you flexed your muscle, we economy. got one good piece of economic legislation The plan they passed will raise the deficit, in 1991, one specially good piece: the $150 will raise taxes, will ruin the fledgling eco- billion Surface Transportation Act. It took nomic recovery, and worst of all, it will not longer than we wanted, but we got the job create jobs. So let me right here, before done. the AGC, end any suspense: If that plan As you know, I’ve speeded up the flow reaches my desk, I will veto it fast and send of funds from this measure to modernize it back to the United States Congress. our bridges and highways. All across Amer- On March 20th, I want to sign into law ica, we’re helping companies put people reforms to get our economy moving. I really back to work. In fiscal ’92 alone, Federal think that’s good. And we need to get busi- highway funding will support more than ness growing again right now, upgrading 900,000 jobs. plant and equipment again, hiring workers And I have good news for the American again. We need incentives, incentives like economy as we mark the first anniversary an investment tax allowance. Consider how of the liberation of Kuwait. As President, that would help Williams Brothers Con- I’ve placed a top priority on helping Kuwait struction Company, just for example. If my recover from the ravages of that terrible 15-percent investment tax allowance is war, from the environmental disaster, from so many things. And as Kuwait rebuilds, I’m passed by Congress, it will mean an addi- pleased to report that American companies tional $300,000 in working capital this year have won more than half of all the recon- for this equipment-intensive contractor. struction contracts. In ’91 and ’92 alone, And yes, it is clearly time for Congress those contracts will pump an additional $5 to cut that tax on job creation and invest- billion into the American economy, and ment. It is time to cut the tax on capital merchandise exports alone will create gains. 60,000 new American jobs. Now, this good To get housing back on its feet, I’ve put news proves that our long-range program forward what I think most people across this to create jobs by pushing exports is working. country see as commonsense proposals to In the past 5 years, exports have generated get people buying and building homes. For almost half of America’s growth. And we’re instance—we talk about family—but for in- going to keep putting Americans to work stance, I’m asking for a $5,000 tax credit by opening new markets for American for first-time homebuyers. The Democrats goods around the world. in the House offer these young people noth- There’s a lot more that we’ve got to do ing. But with our plan, young people almost to build on our achievements. And in my able to buy that first home could do it with State of the Union Message, I sent a com- the extra $5,000 in their pocket. prehensive economic action plan to the Just the other day I met with your indus- Congress, and I set a deadline: March 20th. try partners, the National Association of You and I know the major cause of the Home Builders. Their economists predict drag on our economy. It is that Government that this year alone, this year alone, my plan is too big and that it spends too much. would mean an extra 200,000 homes built And that’s why I was sorry to see what and 415,000 new jobs in the homebuilding the Democrats in the House of Representa- side of the construction business. Since you tives did just this past Thursday. To play clear the tracts and pave the new streets election-year politics as usual—let me step and build the shopping and office

353 Feb. 29 / Administration of George Bush, 1992 centers that go with new neighborhoods, I ing measures. Not only will the rule make know that growth in housing would be wel- it easier for construction firms to do busi- come on your side of the business, too. ness, it will also save taxpayers an estimated Your powers of persuasion are legendary. $600 million a year. You’ve got a lot of respect, power in the Many times there’s a noble idea behind corridors of power. And so, I’m counting a regulation, but many times regulators go on you to get my message to the Congress: to unreasonable extremes. My message to Pass this incentive plan, and meet the dead- Congress, and yes, to the regulators in the line. Tell your Members of Congress, executive branch is this: Overregulation is March 20th is when the rubber meets the just that, it’s over. And let me say this: If road. And March 20th is when the Congress there are exceptions—and some regulators has to make a choice: Put America back have not gotten the word—tell your leader- to work, or go with the old tax-and-spend ship, tell Marvin here, let us know. And politics as usual. I believe March 20th is I will do my level best to clear out any the time to do something good for the unfair obstacles to growth. American people. Please get that message I’m also fighting hard against another epi- to Congress. demic that’s stricken America, against the While Congress chafes under that dead- epidemic of lawsuits, 18 million last year line, and while Senate Democrats now float alone. I think you got it but lest you didn’t, tax plans that would end up raising tax rates 18 million last year alone. The costs and for people who make $35,000 a year, I have taken actions on my own to get the econ- delays in our legal system are a hidden tax omy moving. For example, we’ve begun an on every construction operator, on every unprecedented, top-to-bottom reform of consumer, on every business transaction in business regulation. this country. During the weeks since the State of the And it’s not just the cost of doing business Union Address, we’ve changed key banking that’s being affected. Frivolous lawsuits are rules to ease the credit crunch. For healthy tearing apart our social fabric in this coun- banks, we’ve changed overly strict defini- try. Some of you probably coach Little tions of bank capital, creating more access League. You’re aware, as well as I am, that to capital. We’ve also cut redtape to make all around this country fathers are quitting it easier for small businesses to get capital as Little League coaches because they’re from the securities markets. And we’ve ac- afraid of liability lawsuits. That’s a sign that complished important reforms to the bur- something’s wrong. Or when people stop densome payroll tax system. volunteering in their communities because But that’s not all. On January 28th, I insti- they fear some ambulance-chasing lawyer, tuted a 90-day freeze on new Federal regu- something is terribly wrong. And I’ve even lations that could hinder economic growth. heard that communities have had to cancel And we’re also reviewing all existing rules, Fourth of July fireworks displays because and we will propose legislation wherever they can’t get liability insurance. needed to reform burdensome regulation. Well, I am determined to change that. And let me tell you, we will take every ac- And I’ve sent a reform bill to Congress to tion we can to stop regulations that hurt halt needless lawsuits and to give Americans growth and speed up rules that will help easier alternatives for settling disputes. I see get this economy growing. We are overregu- that you in the AGC have your own industry lated, and I need your help with Congress initiative to achieve more partnership and on that point as well. fewer lawsuits among contractors and sub- Marvin and others have been in touch. contractors. And I applaud you for doing And I know that the construction industry this. The real answer to solving problems is hard-hit by Federal regulation. That’s why is to be more concerned with helping each we’ve acted to allow Federal contractors other than suing each other. And I want more flexibility in the use of less-skilled to fight for the reforms that will back up workers. We recently began implementing that principle. So, let’s work together. Let’s an important rule that allows such cost-sav- keep working together to break up

354 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / Feb. 29

America’s love affair with the lawsuit. nomination for a second term as President Since the first settlers came to our shores, and Vice President of the United States. Americans have been a restless people. And I was very proud to serve with Ronald We’re forever on the move building, invent- Reagan, and he’s a man of vision and cour- ing, expanding, renewing. And I share that age and achievement. And remember the spirit, and I’ve never been more restless recession of 1982? It was tough then. Re- than now about the state of affairs in Wash- member the criticism? Remember the noise ington. The rest of the world looks to us on Capitol Hill? Unemployment got up to as a beacon—don’t listen to the naysayers 10.7 percent. But we stayed tough, kept the on this point—the rest of the world looks Congress from doing crazy things, renewed to us as a beacon, as the strongest, bravest, our commitment to keep this country mov- freest, most generous nation on Earth. But ing forward for the long haul. We pulled in our Nation’s Capital, the tired old liberal out of the doldrums, and we kept moving leadership of Congress is mired in cynicism America forward because we had your sup- and defeatism. port and the support of millions like you For 3 years, I’ve wrestled with a Congress who share our values. too often paralyzed, tangled up by a 30,000- And yes, times are tough now, but we person bureaucracy and a $1.5 billion budg- will stick to principle. And we will again et, a Congress too caught up in protecting come through these sluggish economic their special perks and privileges to perform times. This is no time for despair. This is the public’s business. No wonder term lim- time for determination. And this is time for its for Congress are picking up support. And action. I agree. If we have term limits on the Presi- The American people are getting a little dent, term limits for Congress is a good tired, frankly, of the gloom and doom they idea, too. And let’s work for it. hear every single night on television. And The old ways have to change. People want I’m glad my frank wife, Barbara, is not here change. Each one of you is a proven leader or she’d tell you what she thought about in a trade that wrote the book about getting that. [Laughter] top-quality projects done, and done within Our side will prevail again. With your deadlines. So, I’m counting on you to make mind and your muscle, we’ll prove the pes- Congress learn how to meet a deadline. simists wrong again. People know we’re in My opponents have cornered the market a battle for the future—about jobs; it’s for slick rhetoric. But when it comes to de- about family; it’s about world peace; it’s livering results, I have a plan that will stim- about the kind of legacy we’re going to ulate economic growth. And they don’t. leave the young ones here today. And we I need your help. Help me get a message will renew this country, and I guarantee you to Capitol Hill. Tell them what hard-hat we will keep it strong. And we will build America thinks about Congress and its poli- a better America. tics-as-usual. Tell them the construction Thank you. Good luck to each and every trades support this plan to get our economy one of you. And may God bless the United moving. And tell them I’m dead serious States of America. Thank you very, very about that deadline and that you’re dead much. serious about the deadline. And tell them my plan sets down a solid foundation for Note: The President spoke at 9:44 a.m. at lifting this country to new heights. the Dallas Convention Center. In his re- This convention hall holds very special marks, he referred to Marvin Black, presi- memories for me. It was here in 1984 that dent of the Associated General Contractors Ronald Reagan and I accepted our party’s of America.

355 Feb. 29 / Administration of George Bush, 1992

Remarks to the Georgia Republican Party in Atlanta, Georgia February 29, 1992

Audience members. Four more years! who are trying to teach Washington, DC, Four more years! Four more years! the wisdom of their ways. And I’m talking, The President. Thank you, Alec. Thank of course, about Newt Gingrich and Mack, you, Newt. And thank all of you. Let me and about Bo Callaway and thinking back; single out our chairman, Alec Poitevint, and thinking about Lou Sullivan now. And when thank him for his leadership of this obvi- we call the roll, let’s not forget Pinpoint’s ously activated, insurgent, and wonderful favorite son, Supreme Court Justice of the Georgia Republican Party. Get to Newt in United States Clarence Thomas. And I’m a minute, but may I salute the members proud I named him to that Court. of the Georgia General Assembly that are Our party prospers here because the great here, my old friend Senator Mack Mat- strengths of the Republican Party are the tingly, who is sorely missed in the United great strengths of the South: bedrock belief States Senate, I might add. in family and in faith, community and coun- And I understand that Savannah’s Mayor try; the virtues of hard work and humble is here, and I look forward to being with worship; the willingness to sacrifice for Susan Weiner tomorrow as well. And I country in times of war and to help others thank our national committeewoman, Caro- in times of peace. These are the beliefs that lyn Meadows, and our Georgia campaign sustain us. It’s our commitment to family, chairman, my old friend Fred Cooper, who to jobs, to peace that inspires us. And all is over here somewhere but doing a great across America, these values are growing job. stronger, coming back by popular demand. And as for Newt, there is no one quite And as a Nation, we’ve begun to see in like him. Let me simply say he is, as you these values a solution to so many of the know, clearly one of the very, very top lead- crises that plague our cities and our schools ers of the Republican Party nationally. And and our streets. I am very grateful to him for the steadfast People are coming home to the values support and leadership that we get on Cap- that never left their hearts. We believe that itol Hill. Every single day that I work with parents, not the Government, should make him and with Bob Michel, I’m saying to the decisions that truly matter in life. Par- myself: We have got to take the message ents, not Government, should choose their to the people in the fall to get more Repub- children’s schools. Parents, not Govern- licans in the Senate and get more Repub- ment, should choose who cares for their licans in the House of Representatives. If children. Parents know better than some you want change, that’s the kind of change bureaucrat in Washington, DC. And yes, we we need. believe there’s a place for voluntary prayer And my thanks to all of you for coming in our children’s classroom. to Atlanta from all over, Macon to Marietta, And we believe America’s first so long from the four corners of this great State. as we put family first. And these bedrock This gathering marks a great triumph. You beliefs, they don’t fade with age. They don’t look around this room, and I think it’s just change from one election to the next. They clear how far we’ve come. It must be some- are the home truths that call this Nation thing about the Republican Party and red forward to greatness. And if America holds clay. [Laughter] In this State and all across fast to these truths, we’ll never lose our the South, the Republican Party is here to bearings. stay. And that is what this meeting is about. Still, right now there’s no denying it, in And that’s what the votes in this State are too many ways we’re going down the wrong all about. track. We’ve got to reform our legal system. And with this rise comes a new genera- The home of the free has become the land tion of Georgia Republicans, the reformers, of the lawsuit. And we’ve got to

356 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / Feb. 29 end that. And that’s why we sent up a bill down poverty from one generation to the to the Congress to stop these frivolous law- next. Think about it. Think about a young suits. Nuisance suits sap our economy and child born into that. It’s wrong. It’s cruel. tear its social fabric of our society. And We’ve got to do something to change it. when you’re as likely to serve your neighbor A number one issue today, though, is the a subpoena as a cup of coffee, something’s economy. I think we all know that. It’s jobs. gone wrong. And when doctors won’t de- And that’s what’s keeping people up late liver babies and dads won’t coach Little at night, worrying about how they’re going League for fear of lawsuits, something’s to pay the bills and put food on the table, wrong. America won’t find its way out of care for their kids, and still manage to put this mess until we spend more time helping away something for their own retirement. one another than we do suing one another. We’ve got to get this economy moving. And We need more people like Newt Gingrich Americans want to work. They want the opin the Congress to support reform legisla- portunity to earn more money. And that’s tion in terms of these vicious and out- why in my State of the Union Address, I rageous lawsuits. laid out a two-part plan to spark economic We’ve got to reform this Nation’s health recovery, to create jobs: a seven-point short- care system. Right now, the quality of term plan to stimulate the economy as early American health care is the best in the en- as this spring and then a longer term plan tire world, make no mistake about it. The to keep America growing tomorrow and into problem is access. Too many Americans the next century. with families do not have health insurance coverage. And you know how even a short And because I knew I couldn’t wait for stay in the hospital can rip a hole right Congress to act, I set a deadline to help through the family’s budget. Well, all Amer- them along the way. And that’s why I was icans deserve quality health care and a sense sorry to see what the House Democrats did of well-being. But socialized medicine is not this past Thursday. Instead of working on the answer, and I will fight against those my plan, liberal Democrats pushed through plans. We have a good, specific plan. And one of their own. And true to its form, it’s my plan focuses on opening up access to a tiny temporary tax cut in exchange for health insurance for all Americans, rich and a huge permanent tax hike. And to play poor. And if we wanted long lines and reelection-year politics as usual, they passed volving-door health care, we’d put our doc- up a chance to stimulate the economy. And tors to work at the department of motor the plan they passed will raise the deficit, vehicles. The last thing we want is the Gov- raise taxes a whopping $100 billion, and ernment playing doctor. And you listen to ruin our economic recovery. And worst of the campaign plans on the other side, and all, it will not create jobs at all. And so, you’ll know exactly what I mean. I will con- let me end the suspense. If that plan tinue to fight for health care for all, and reaches my desk, I will veto it instantly and I will fight against those astronomically ex- send it right back up to Capitol Hill. pensive schemes to socialize American And frankly, there’s even greater danger health care. here. If the liberal Democrats ever decide We’ve got to reform our welfare system. to make that two-bit tax cut permanent, People are willing to support benefits for they’d have to jack up—and I think Newt families in need; of course they are. And expressed this on the floor; certainly I’ve yes, Americans care. We always have; we heard him speak about it—they’d have to always will. But they want to see some con- jack up the tax rate for every American nection between welfare and work. And making more than $35,000 a year. You they want to see government at every level heard it right, $35,000, for a plan that’s sup- work together to track down the deadbeat posed to help the middle class. And that’s dads, the ones who can’t be bothered to going to come as real news to a lot of fac- pay child support. And they want to see tory workers and hard-working school- us break the cycle, that dreadful cycle of teachers, people you know, everyday Ameri- dependency that destroys dignity and passes cans struggling to make ends meet.

357 Feb. 29 / Administration of George Bush, 1992

Let’s face it, when that tax-and-spend The truth is, if we want to succeed eco- crowd talks about taking aim at the cham- nomically at home, we have got to lead eco- pagne-and-caviar set, it’s middle America nomically abroad. Right here in Georgia, in that always takes the hit. And the liberals the past 3 years, manufacturing exports have are going to tax that middle class for the almost doubled. Today, an estimated same reason that Willie Sutton robbed 165,000 Georgia jobs are tied to trade. banks, because that’s where the money is. So, get past all the tough talk out there, So, do not listen to this silly campaign rhet- all the patriotic posturing about fighting oric out there. Ask any economist, and back by shutting out foreign goods. If this they’ll tell you the quickest way to cut this country starts closing its markets, other recovery off at its knees is to raise taxes. countries will close theirs. And when that If they’re serious about this recovery, happened, who gets hurt? Easy, we do. Our Congress must pass my plan. My plan con- economy does. The workers in the State of tains an investment tax allowance to create Georgia do. incentives for American businesses to buy But my opponents aren’t about to let fact new equipment and then hire more work- intrude on fantasy. They’re peddling protec- ers. To bolster sagging real estate markets, tionism, a retreat from economic reality into this plan will give the first-time homebuyer a dangerous pre-World War II isolationism. a $5,000 tax credit to help them with that Look closely, that’s not the American flag down payment. For families here in the At- they’re waving; it’s the white flag of surren- lanta area, that credit is worth 6 months’ der. And that’s not the America you and mortgage payments on the average Atlanta I know. I will veto any protection legislation home. that comes to the White House from this And let me say to these opponents of protectionist Congress. mine: No one is fooled by your paying lip The bottom line is, we do not run, and service to competitiveness and practicing we do not cut out; we compete. And never class warfare. Quit punishing the people in this Nation’s long history have we turned who create jobs, and pass my plan and cut the capital gains tax, cut it down so we can our backs on a challenge, and we’re not get America back to work. going to start now. I put my faith in the My plan really, if you look at it, you’ll American worker. Level the playing field, see that it’s shaped to meet the new eco- and the American worker will outthink, nomic realities, realities that have helped outproduce, outperform anyone, anywhere, make Atlanta the South’s great international anytime. city. And come 1996, Atlanta comes of age And I say let the world know we are in as America’s very own Olympic city. And it to win. Don’t listen to those talking heads that’s going to be just great. There’s a popu- out there, the folks who can’t seem to feel lar saying: When I pass into the hereafter, good unless they’ve got something bad to I don’t know if I’ll be going up or down, say about our great country. If you think but wherever I go, I’ll change planes in At- I feel strongly about this one, you ought lanta. [Laughter] They’re going to see that to hear Barbara Bush, the Silver Fox, speak one in 1996. about it. [Laughter.] She wouldn’t even let You know, Georgia’s unemployment rate me listen to the TV news last night. There’s is low. But I’m sure Georgians know the a lot of gloom and doom out there. actions we take now affect our economic America isn’t a nation that gets ahead by health for the long term. We’re working to tearing down others. Time after time, expand trade. We’re working to open mar- America’s been called upon. And time after kets all over the world to American prod- time, America has met the challenge. And ucts. That was my mission when I went to this time America will do it again. Asia. It’s what our trade teams push for Think back to one year ago today, to the every time they sit down at the negotiating calm after Desert Storm. Ask any one of the table. And if we want to ensure good jobs proud sons and daughters of Georgia who for the future, we’ve got to work for free became a liberator of Kuwait, and they’ll trade now. tell you military strength is nothing without

358 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / Mar. 1 moral support right here at home. Let me close with just a couple of words I won’t ever forget my visit during those right from the heart. Barbara and I are difficult times to Fort Stewart, Georgia, the blessed. We are blessed to serve at this mo- wives and parents that I talked to, the peo- ment in time when so many of the old fears ple who, their loved ones in harm’s way, have been driven away, when so many new still told me this: America must do what hopes stand within our reach. And since the is right. And their quiet courage and their day I took the oath of office, I made it patriotism said it all to me. It was an emo- my duty always to try to do what is right tional time, I’ll tell you. And never would for this country. I have given it my best. this country tuck tail and let aggression I have done my level-best, and I’m not done stand. America would do what was right and yet. good and just, and America would prevail. And I ask the good people of Georgia— And there were those who didn’t support together we’ve got a lot to be proud of. us then, and there are those who second- I take particular pride that the young people guess us now. But not the good people of in this country go to bed at night not worry- Georgia. In those difficult days when our ing about nuclear holocaust. I think that’s kids laid it all on the line, this State, its something good and something strong and young men and women never wavered be- says something wonderful about what’s hap- cause, you see, Georgia kept the faith. And pened in the last few years. But my pitch we’re bringing that same spirit to the fight to you, the leaders of this great State, is we face today. unashamedly this: Together we have made From next Tuesday through the first a great beginning; now, you give me 4 more Tuesday in November, we are going to take years to finish the job. our message all across the country. You Thank you all for this warm welcome. don’t have to be a negative message. You And may God bless the United States of don’t have to always be saying something America. And be sure to get to the polls bad about somebody else. We’ve got lots next Tuesday. Many, many thanks. to be proud of, lots to advocate, lots to be Audience member. Amen. Georgia’s Bush for. country. So if you want to send a message to The President. Thank you all very, very Washington, send this President back for 4 much. more years and send—— Audience members. Four more years! Four more years! Four more years! Note: The President spoke at 2:25 p.m. at The President. Send more good Georgia the Marriott Marquis Hotel. In his remarks, Republicans to Congress to help out this he referred to former Representative How- leader right here. ard H. (Bo) Callaway.

Remarks at the Bush-Quayle Campaign Welcome in Savannah, Georgia March 1, 1992

Thank you very much, Mayor. And may much indebted to him for his support. Alec I be bold enough to say I think Savannah Poitevint is the chairman of the party here, has a first-class new Mayor, and I’m glad doing a first-class job. Fred Cooper is our to have her here at my side today. And statewide chairman for Bush-Quayle. And thank you all for this warm welcome. It’s of course, Newt Gingrich, doing a superb great to see so many friends. Standing next job for this State and for our country in to me over here is one of the great Gov- Washington, DC. ernors across our country, Governor Carroll May I thank the band over there from Campbell of South Carolina. And I am very Bradwell. And somewhere out here is Vida-

359 Mar. 1 / Administration of George Bush, 1992 lia, right over there, thank them. And may through one of their own. Here’s what’s in I single out all the veterans of Desert Storm it: a tiny tax cut, 25 cents a day for every here today and to every one of you who person, but in exchange for $100 billion in have come down to the Riverfront to show taxes. If you feel the way I do, tell the Con- your support. I’m glad to see all this activity. gress, ‘‘Keep the change, and keep your You’ll notice I brought along my newest hands off the taxpayer’s wallet.’’ mode of transportation, ‘‘Riverboat One’’ If the liberal Democrats decided to make right back here. [Laughter] their two-bit tax cut permanent, they’d have Well, we’re here today because we be- to jump up the tax rate for every American lieve on big issues and we believe that we’re making more than $35,000 a year. You’ve on the right side of these big issues, on heard that right, $35,000. Now, go tell that the issues that shape the world and on the to some schoolteacher that’s working her or values that are close to home. I’m talking his heart out for our kids. That is not fair, about jobs. I am talking about family. I am talking about world peace, for ourselves and and I am not going to let it happen. They’re for all of our kids. Jobs, family, and world going to tax the middle class for the same peace. reason Willie Sutton robbed banks, because And I believe all the people of Savannah that’s where the money is. And I’m not and all the people of this great State believe going to let them do that to you the tax- that parents, not the Government, ought to payers of Savannah. But listen, you saw that make the decisions that matter in life. Par- bill the other day, so let me make it very ents, not Government, should choose the clear, with one of our great leaders standing children’s schools. And when it comes to next to me, if that tax-and-spend plan child care, parents, not the Government, reaches my desk, I am going to send it right should choose who cares for the children. back. I will veto it fast; it will make your And I also think on this Sunday, and my head spin. They want to raise the taxes, and views will never change on this, I believe I want get this country back to work. there is a place for voluntary prayer in our And there’s one critical part of our eco- children’s classrooms. And I think, on this nomic future that I want to talk to you gorgeous family day, on this beautiful Sun- about today, and that’s really the kind of day here in Savannah, I think we should legacy we leave these young ones, our chil- put it this way: America is first as long as dren. The world our kids call home will be we put the family first. far different than the world that we grew Let me just say a word about the number up in. The competition now comes from one issue facing our country today: It’s the around the world, not just down the street. economy; it’s jobs. And that’s what’s keeping In that new world, there’s a new economic people up late at night, worrying about how reality. If we want to succeed economically they’re going to pay the bills and put food at home, we’ve got to lead economically on the table and care for their kids and still manage to put away something for their abroad. retirement. We’ve got to get this Nation’s And if this Nation needed any proof of economy moving. That’s why in that State what I just said, it’s right here in Savannah. of the Union Message I gave, I laid out Statewide, Georgia’s export business is a two-part plan to spark economic recovery, booming, nearly $14 billion in 1991 for to create jobs: a seven-point short-term plan manufactured exports alone. Look around to stimulate the economy as early as this the Riverfront. More and more ships pass in spring and then a longer term plan to keep and out of this harbor, saluting the Waving America growing tomorrow and into the Girl. Today and every day this bustling hub next century. of international trade puts jobs in your com- And because I know Congress tends to munities, money in your pockets, and din- drag its feet, I set a deadline to help them ner on your tables. Nearly 13 million tons along the way. But regrettably, the liberals of goods, billions of dollars in international that control the Congress had other ideas. trade, flow through your wonderful port. Instead of passing my plan, they pushed And in the port of Savannah alone, all

360 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / Mar. 1 that trade traffic adds up to 58,000 jobs for ple with their loved one in harm’s way, Georgia. many of them gone for months. Their quiet The world is at Savannah’s doorstep. courage said it all: Never would this country We’ve got to keep the door open, and I’m tuck tail and let aggression stand. America confident that we will. And that’s why I’ve would do what was right and good and just. fought every day of my administration to And America would prevail. open foreign markets and to guard against There were those who did not support the siren’s call of isolation and protection. us then, and there are those who second- Georgians are reaching out; they are not guess us now. But not the good people of pulling back. Give you a little detail that Georgia. In those difficult days, when our I think is good for the rest of the country. kids laid it all on the line, Georgia never Right here, we’re creating additional oppor- wavered. Georgia kept its faith in freedom. tunities for U.S. exports, companies like Sa- Georgia said with me: Aggression will not vannah Foods and Fort Howard Paper and stand. And I say thank you to the people Union Camp—the V.P. is with us, Sid Nut- of this great State. ting is with us here today. And their people And now we’re locked in a political strug- are working hard to compete, and we’re be- gle, and I’m going to try to keep it above hind them all the way. the fray. I’ve got to continue to be the But the opponents are not about to let President of this great country; honored to that fact intrude on fantasy. They are ped- be that President. And I’ve been trying to dling protectionism; they are peddling a retreat from economic reality. Now, you cut keep things on a positive plane. But let me through all the patriotic posturing, all the just say this to you: From next Tuesday tough talk about fighting back by closing through the first Tuesday in November, out foreign goods, and look closely: That we’re going to take our message all across is not the American flag they’re waving; it this country. And my view is, if you want is the white flag of surrender. And that is to send a message to Washington, send this not the America that you and I know. We President back for 4 more years, and send don’t cut and run in this country; we com- more good Georgia Republicans to the Con- pete. Never in this Nation’s long history gress. have we turned our back on challenge, and People know that we’re in a battle for we are not about to start right now. So I the future. It’s about jobs. It’s about family. put my faith in the American worker. I say: It’s about world peace and about the kind Level out that playing field, and the Amer- of legacy we’re going to leave our kids. And ican worker will outthink, outproduce, out- so, let some opponents sign the retreat, run perform anyone, anywhere, anytime. And from the new realities, seek refuge in a let me add this: America is in it to win. world of protectionism or high taxes or even Think back one year, one year ago today, bigger Government. That’s not the future to the calm after Desert Storm. Ask any we want for our kids. And we believe in one of the proud sons and daughters of our country. And we believe we will move Georgia who became a liberator of Kuwait, forward with open markets and low taxes and they’ll tell you: Military strength doesn’t and less Government, all focused on creat- mean a thing without moral support right ing and preserving jobs. So we need your here at home. Georgia did its part and support. more. This port handled over 200,000 tons Let me just close today with a few words of cargo for Desert Storm. Nearly 10,000 from the heart. Barbara and I are blessed, sons and daughters of Georgia were called blessed to serve this great Nation of ours up through the Reserves and the National at a moment in history when so many of Guard, and thousands more answered the the old fears have been driven away, when call from Fort Stewart or from Hunter so many new hopes stand within our reach. Army Airfield. Old fears: When I see these young kids, And I’ll never forget my visit to Fort I think we’re fortunate that they go to bed Stewart during those difficult days, the now worrying less about a nuclear holocaust wives and the parents that I talked to, peo- than happened 5 or 10 years ago. We are

361 Mar. 1 / Administration of George Bush, 1992 blessed that we brought peace to this world. and give the values that you believe in a And because we’ve stood strong, we’ve beat- real chance come November. en back aggression. Thank you for this very warm welcome But since the day I took the oath of of- back. And may God bless the people of fice, I’ve made it my duty to work for what’s Georgia and the people of the United States right for America. I go back, I guess we of America. Let us count our blessings on all do, to what our families say. I go back this gorgeous day. Thank you, and God to what my mother says: Try your hardest. bless you all. Do your best. Well, let me tell you something, I’m not done yet. I say to the good people of Georgia: Together we are going Note: The President spoke at 1:20 p.m. at to make a great new beginning. I’m going the Savannah Riverfront. In his remarks, he to take this message to the United States referred to Susan Weiner, Mayor of Savan- Congress for change. Change that Congress, nah.

Message to the Congress Transmitting the Finland-United States Social Security Agreement March 2, 1992

To the Congress of the United States: I also transmit for the information of the Pursuant to section 233(e)(1) of the Social Congress a report prepared by the Depart- Security Act, as amended by the Social Se- ment of Health and Human Services, pro- curity Amendments of 1977 (Public Law viding explanation of the key points of the 95–216; 42 U.S.C. 433(e)(1)), I transmit agreement, along with a paragraph-by-para- herewith the Agreement between the graph explanation of the provisions of the United States of America and the Republic principal agreement and the related admin- of Finland on Social Security, which consists istrative arrangement. In addition, as re- of two separate instruments—a principal quired by section 433(e)(1) of the Social Se- agreement and an administrative arrange- curity Act, a report on the effect of the ment. The agreement was signed at Hel- agreement on income and expenditures of sinki on June 3, 1991. the U.S. Social Security program and the The United States-Finland agreement is number of individuals affected by the agree- similar in objective to the social security ment is also enclosed. I note that the De- agreements already in force with Austria, partment of State and the Department of Belgium, Canada, France, Germany, Italy, Health and Human Services have rec- the Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, ommended the agreement and related doc- Sweden, Switzerland, and the United King- uments to me. dom. Such bilateral agreements provide for I commend the Agreement between the limited coordination between the United United States of America and the Republic States and foreign social security systems to of Finland on Social Security and related eliminate dual social security coverage and documents. taxation, and to help prevent the loss of GEORGE BUSH benefit protection that can occur when workers divide their careers between two The White House, countries. March 2, 1992.

362 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / Mar. 2

Message to the House of Representatives Returning Without Approval the United States-China Act of 1991 March 2, 1992

To the House of Representatives: Regime Guidelines, to accede to the Nu- I am returning herewith without my ap- clear Non-Proliferation Treaty by April, and proval H.R. 2212, the ‘‘United States-China to discuss our human rights concerns—after Act of 1991,’’ which places additional condi- years of stonewalling—are the clear achieve- tions on renewal of China’s most-favored- ments of my Administration’s policy of com- nation (MFN) trade status. prehensive engagement. The sponsors of H.R. 2212 believe they We have the policy tools at hand to deal can promote broad economic and foreign with our concerns effectively and with real- policy objectives in China by placing condi- istic chances for success. The Administra- tions on the renewal of China’s MFN status. tion’s comprehensive policy of engagement They expect that the Chinese will improve on several separate fronts invites China’s respect for human rights, cooperate in arms leadership to act responsibly without leaving control, and drop barriers to trade, given any doubts about the consequences of Chi- a choice between losing MFN and address- nese misdeeds. Our approach is one of tar- ing these concerns. geting specific areas of concern with the ap- Let me state at the outset that my Admin- propriate policy instruments to produce the istration shares the goals and objectives of required results. H.R. 2212 would severely H.R. 2212. Upholding the sanctity of human handicap U.S. business in China, penalizing rights, controlling the spread of weapons of American workers and eliminating jobs in mass destruction, and free and fair trade this country. Conditional MFN status would are issues of vital concern. My objection lies severely damage the Western-oriented, strictly with the methods proposed to modernizing elements in China, weaken achieve these aims. Hong Kong, and strengthen opposition to There is no doubt in my mind that if democracy and economic reform. we present China’s leaders with an ulti- We are making a difference in China by matum on MFN, the result will be weak- remaining engaged. Because the Congress ened ties to the West and further repres- has attached conditions to China’s MFN re- sion. The end result will not be progress newal that will jeopardize this policy, I am on human rights, arms control, or trade. returning H.R. 2212 to the House of Rep- Anyone familiar with recent Chinese history resentatives without my approval. Such ac- can attest that the most brutal and pro- tion is needed to protect the economic and tracted periods of repression took place pre- foreign policy interests of the United States. cisely when China turned inward, against the world. GEORGE BUSH Recent agreements by the Chinese to protect U.S. intellectual property rights, to The White House, abide by the Missile Technology Control March 2, 1992.

Message to the Congress Transmitting the Annual Report on Hazardous Materials Transportation March 2, 1992

To the Congress of the United States: Transportation Act (Public Law 96–633; 49 In accordance with the requirements of U.S.C. 1808(e)), I transmit herewith the An- section 109(e) of the Hazardous Materials nual Report on Hazardous Materials

363 Mar. 2 / Administration of George Bush, 1992

Transportation for calendar year 1990. March 2, 1992.

GEORGE BUSH The White House,

Statement on the Death of Albert Bel Fay March 2, 1992

Barbara and I are greatly saddened by guide me in my early years in Texas politics, the death of Albert Bel Fay. Albert was a when getting Republicans elected was next close personal friend, and we will miss him to impossible. His service to the Republican greatly. Party has been invaluable. He was a Texan through and through. He Barbara and I send our deepest condo- was a leader in building the Republican lences and offer our prayers to his three Party in Houston, starting in the early children. 1960’s. Albert was a mentor who helped

Exchange With Reporters March 3, 1992

The President. I just have a couple of Taxes brief statements here. But President Yeltsin, Q. Sir, do you feel that going along with Boris Yeltsin of the Russian Federation, has taxes was the biggest mistake of your Presi- accepted my invitation to pay a state visit dency? to Washington, June 16th and 17th. I view The President. Well, I don’t know about this as an excellent opportunity to follow the biggest, but yes, I—you see, I’m very up on that historic February 1st meeting disappointed with Congress. I thought this at Camp David. We’re going to review one compromise, and it was a compromise, progress on a wide range of issues including would result in no more tax increases. I the ever-strengthening relationship between thought it would result in total control of the two countries. We’ll get into the nuclear domestic discretionary spending. And now and military questions and then the joint we see Congress talking about raising taxes efforts in support of reform in Russia. It again. And some in Congress are talking will give me yet another opportunity, this about trying to break down the spending in a very formal visit, to pay my respects caps. And so, I’m disappointed. And given to Boris Yeltsin who is really doing a superb all of that, yes, a mistake. job there. Q. Is it a little late, Mr. President, to The other news, and I don’t want to put voice regret about this? too much on it, is I was very pleased that Q. Why the change of heart now? All this morning at 8:30 a.m., the leading indi- through New Hampshire you defended the cators came out and they rose substantially, 1990 budget—— or rose by .9 percent in January. And I think The President. Well, I explained why I it’s a little better than had been expected. did it. I don’t know whether it was defend- So, it’s nice to have some encouraging news. ing it. And then our advisers, economic advisers, Q. But Pat Buchanan kept saying all are a little more optimistic on the housing through New Hampshire, ‘‘Read my lips. front as well. So, there we are, and just Read my lips.’’ And when you were cam- wanted to get those announcements out. paigning up there you said, ‘‘I never signed

364 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / Mar. 3 that pledge that you wanted to——’’ would stimulate the economy and would be The President. Well, we’re talking about very good for housing. I think housing two different things. But what I’m saying would lead this recovery much quicker. You is, on this deal when you see Congress now know my view on capital gains. So, ask him going for more taxes, my whole view is that about his view, and I’ve just given you mine. that one compromise probably wasn’t worth Yes? And I’ve got to get going. it, although I’m going to still stay very firmly on these spending caps. Federal Government Personnel Reductions Q. Mr. President, though, the day before Q. You’ve been saying that Government the primary, to say that you now regret hav- has grown too big, spends too much. Have ing done this, isn’t that a little bit late to you looked at your Agriculture Department do that, sir? And can it be seen as a little where the numbers of employees has bit disingenuous? grown? The President. I don’t know whether it’s The President. Haven’t had a chance to late or not, it’s just the way I feel given look at that lately, but I’ll take a look at what’s going on on Capitol Hill. It’s getting it. Is it getting—I mean, what we’re doing intense. As you know, the House passed a is, total Government personnel, I believe tax bill which I’ll veto. And now, much to you’ll see, is down, a lot of that obviously my consternation, you see the Senate going coming from reductions in the Defense De- about the same old business. So, this just partment. But I haven’t looked at the Ag gangs up on you, plus the political flak out Department. there. Presidential Primaries Economic Plan Q. How do you think you’ll do today, sir? Q. With respect to your short-term Q. You say you were misled by the growth package, many prominent econo- Democrats 2 years ago? mists, and including Federal Reserve Board The President. Huh? Chairman Alan Greenspan, have said that given the economic realities it would be bet- Q. How do you think you’ll do in today’s ter not to tinker with the Tax Code at all, primaries? whether it’s for tax incentives or for tax in- The President. I think I’ll win them. I creases. How do you respond to that? think I’ll win them. The President. I don’t know that Green- Taxes span was addressing himself to our growth package, but clearly a lot of economists are Q. Were you misled by the Democrats? opposing what’s happening in terms of these The President. Well, I had the distinct broad across-the-board handouts. And our feeling that that one deal would be the one- incentive program, I think, would have in- time compromise. And as far as I’m constant stimulation on the economy, instant. cerned, it is. I’m going to veto their tax And it would restore confidence very quick- bill. So, we’ll just leave it there. But I’d ly. It’s getting increasingly difficult, given like to see them move forward on these the votes up there, and that’s one of the incentives that we’re talking about. reasons that I’m as frustrated as I am. Q. Was it the biggest mistake, too, politi- Q. If I may follow up, though. I think cally? he was speaking in broad terms about any The President. Well, I don’t know. I don’t sort of short-term fiscal stimulus, whether know. We’ll see. it’s your package or a Democrat’s. The President. Well, you’ll have to ask Note: The exchange began at 9:53 a.m. on Greenspan what he’s speaking about. I think the South Lawn at the White House prior short-term stimulus, such as I mentioned, to the President’s departure for Chicago, IL.

365 Mar. 3 / Administration of George Bush, 1992

Remarks to the National Association of Evangelicals in Chicago, Illinois March 3, 1992

Thank you for that welcome. And to Dr. your countrymen. Johnson, Dr. Billy Melvin, Don Argue, We agree on the big issues that shape Dave Rambo, Bob Dugan, my sincere the world and on the values, on the values thanks, not just to you all, to everyone up so close to home. I’m talking about jobs, here, but to all of you for that very warm obviously; about family; about world peace, welcome. for ourselves and, I guess even more impor- And I’d like to open, if I may, on a per- tant, for our kids, for the generations com- sonal note, to thank you for the help that ing along. you’ve given me over the years. And I’m And we agree that we must speak out not really referring to the fine work that against racial bigotry and against anti-Semi- your team in Washington has been doing, tism. And as I stressed in my State of the although they’ve been of great help to our Union Address, it’s especially critical in administration, advancing the values we these days of economic difficulty to point share. Nor am I thinking only of the won- out that racial bigotry and anti-Semitism derful work you do in world relief and in simply have no place in America. helping people around this world, which is You want, as all Americans do, safe streets superb work. But my thanks are really more for your children. You want schools where personal than that, and Barbara and I par- your children can receive the finest possible ticularly want to thank you for your prayers. education to prepare them for a life of in- As I said many times before, prayer al- dustry and good citizenship and faith in ways has been important in our lives. And God. And I believe that means that you without it, I really am convinced, more and are entitled to choose your children’s more convinced, that no man or no woman schools. who has the privilege of serving in the Pres- You want a Government that understands idency could carry out their duties without the limited role that it must play in a Nation prayer. I think of Lincoln’s famous remark, of free men and women; a Government that ‘‘I’ve been driven many times to my knees promotes economic growth and opportunity; by the overwhelming conviction that I had a Government that spends your tax money nowhere else to go.’’ The intercessionary for the common good, and for the common prayers that so many Americans make on good alone. behalf of the President of the United States, And you want for yourselves and your in this instance on behalf of me and also country that most precious of gifts, peace of my family, they inspire us, and they give on Earth. You understand that peace comes us strength. And I just wanted you to know not from vacillation and weakness but from that, and Barbara and I are very, very grate- clarity of purpose and from strength. The ful to you. last time a President came before you, I I am delighted to have this opportunity note that it is almost 8 years to the day, to speak to this most prestigious meeting, our country was nearing the climax of a ti- to speak with you today on the occasion tanic struggle, the cold war. President of your 50th anniversary. Your theme: For- Reagan spoke to you then of what America ward in faith. And that says as much about must do to win this hard and bitter peace. your movement, much about what Like you, President Reagan and I under- evangelicals have brought to America over stood that the cold war wasn’t simply some its lifetime. Evangelicals point our country mundane competition between rival world toward the future, and with the diligence powers. It was a struggle for the mind of and hard work and confidence that only a man. On one side was a system dedicated firm faith can provide. In so many crucial to denying the life of the spirit and celebrat- ways, your concerns are the concerns of ing the omnipotence of the state. On the

366 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / Mar. 3 other was a system founded on a profound sensed that God’s purpose was bound up truth, that our Creator has endowed his with the cause of liberty. The Founders un- children with inalienable rights that no gov- derstood this. As Jefferson put it, ‘‘Can the ernment can deny. liberties of a nation be thought secure when And now, 8 years later, we can say con- we have removed their only firm basis, a fidently, Americans won the cold war. We conviction in the minds of the people that won it by standing for what’s right. Tonight these liberties are the gift of God?’’ That our children and grandchildren—and I take conviction is enshrined in our Declaration great joy in this—tonight our children and of Independence and in our Constitution. our grandchildren will go to their beds And it’s no accident that in drafting our untroubled by the fears of nuclear holocaust Bill of Rights, the Founders dedicated the that haunted two generations of Americans. first portion of our first amendment to reli- In our prayers we asked for God’s help. gious liberty. We rightly emphasize the I know our family did, and I expect all of opening clause of that amendment, which you did. We asked for God’s help. And now forbids government from establishing reli- in this shining outcome, in this magnificent gion. In fact, I believe the establishment triumph of good over evil, we should thank clause has been a great boon to our coun- God. We should give thanks. try’s religious life. One reason religion flour- By the way, I notice from your Washing- ishes in America is that worship can never ton newsletter that recently even Time mag- be controlled by the state. azine called the old Soviet Union an evil But in recent times we have too often empire. Now they tell us. [Laughter] I think ignored the clause that follows, which for- you will recall only a few years ago when— bids government from prohibiting the free many of you know this—about the time when Bill Graham went to the Soviet exercise of religion. This myopia has in Union. And he came back and told a lot some places resulted in an aggressive cam- of people, told us of the people’s hunger paign against religious belief itself. Some for religion. And some did not believe him people seem to believe that freedom of reli- then. Nobody here doubted that, but some gion requires government to keep our lives across our country simply could not believe free from religion. Well, I believe they’re that. But now, no one doubts him. I know just plain wrong. Our government was evangelicals understood this all along. founded on faith. Government must never Our victory in the cold war came from promote a religion, of course, but it is duty the kind of work performed by people here bound to promote religious liberty. And it in this room. Many of you, many of you must never put the believer at a disadvan- bravely brought Bibles behind the Iron Cur- tage because of his belief. That is the chal- tain, sharing the Word of God with people lenge that our administration has under- who longed for it. And through your World taken. To be succinct, it is my conviction Relief Corporation and other enterprises, that children have a right to voluntary pray- you helped resettle thousands who were er in the public schools. fleeing oppression. Many evangelicals risked And we must hold the line on state inter- their lives to bring theological training vention in other areas as well. Two years where such training was forbidden. ago, for example, we were in a tough fight And now in the free countries of the on Capitol Hill over child care legislation. former Communist bloc, your work contin- But with the invaluable help of your group ues to ensure that the vacuum left by com- and of other pro-family organizations, we munism’s demise is filled by faith. You and kept choice of child care out of the hands I both know there is more to do in the of the Government bureaucrats and kept it cause of religious freedom, and you have where it belongs, in the hands of the par- my full support in that effort. Rest assured, ents. And you remember the fight, but we our country, indeed the world, will be for- were determined to help families get the ever grateful for what you have done. kind of child care they want. And that in- Americans are the most religious people cluded church-based care. And that’s the on Earth. And we have always instinctively way the law is now, and that’s the way it

367 Mar. 3 / Administration of George Bush, 1992 should be. costs of childrearing. I have asked Congress And we will continue to fight for the par- to increase the child tax exemption by $500 ents’ right to choose their children’s schools. per child, and I want the Congress to do School choice is at the heart of America it now. 2000, our strategy to literally revolutionize We’re also waging war against the forces American education. All parents, rich or that would tear the family apart. In 1990 poor, must have the right to choose the kind alone, our agents from the FBI and Cus- of education their children will receive. And toms and Postal Inspection Service won 245 as I’ve said many times, that must include convictions against the smut merchants who religious-based schools. deal in child pornography. These creatures For many years Americans saw another have been put on notice. There is no place disturbing trend. Judges legislating from the in America for this horrifying exploitation bench steadily expanded the power of gov- of children. ernment over the lives of ordinary Ameri- Faith, family: these are the values that cans. Today, I am happy to report to you sustain the greatest Nation on Earth. And that that trend is over. Over the past 3 years to these values we must add the infinitely I have appointed more than 160 judges who precious value of life itself. Let me be clear: understand the limits of government and I support the right to life. Six times the the rights of parents; judges who punish Congress has sent me legislation permitting criminals, not honest cops out trying to do Federal funding of abortion, and six times their jobs. And I am very proud of the two fine men who have taken their place on I’ve told them no and vetoed these bills. the Supreme Court since I’ve been Presi- Now we’ve got another fight. The Demo- dent, Justice David Souter and Justice Clar- cratic Congress has opened up yet another ence Thomas. front in this battle. Tomorrow they will We must do everything in our power to begin hearings on new legislation, and they preserve the institution that nurtures faith, call it the freedom of choice act. And it the family. And I am firmly convinced that would impose on all 50 States an unprece- our greatest problems today, from drugs dented regime of abortion on demand going and welfare dependency to crime and moral well beyond even Roe versus Wade. It breakdown, spring from the deterioration of would block many State laws requiring that the American family. And too often, parents be told about abortions being per- overweening government has aided the trag- formed on their young daughters, even edy. though the Supreme Court has upheld such Recently I announced a new Commission laws five times. It would override State laws to isolate the causes of the family’s decline. restricting sex-selection abortions. And it And I did that after meeting with Demo- would severely limit the States’ ability to cratic mayors and Republican mayors from impose meaningful restrictions on abortions the National League of Cities, some from performed in the 8th or even the 9th month big cities, some from small, all saying what of pregnancy. This is not right. And it will I’ve just said. The fundamental problem is not become law as long as I am President the decline of the family, when you look of the United States of America. at these urban problems. I think you’ll agree Lincoln once said, ‘‘My concern is not that I found the right man to lead the Com- whether God is on our side, but whether we mission, your layman of the year last year, are on God’s side.’’ As President I have often Governor John Ashcroft of the State of Mis- spoken of service, not simply public service souri. John knows the importance that we but personal service, one human being com- place on strengthening the families. Fami- ing to the aid of another. And I’m always lies must come first in America. reminded of a phrase from the Book of Com- We must always guard against laws that mon Prayer: ‘‘Oh, God . . . whose service weaken the family, weaken traditional val- is freedom.’’ We must be sustained by the ues. And at the same time, we can take confidence that in serving others, in promot- positive steps to strengthen them. Here’s an ing the values of faith and family example that will begin to address the real and life, we serve Him as well. It is

368 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / Mar. 3 this confidence that will enable us to move marks, he referred to association officers B. our country forward in faith, and remember, Edgar Johnson, president; Billy Melvin, ex- one Nation under God. ecutive director; Don Argue, first vice presi- Thank you, and may God bless you and dent; David Rambo, second director; and your wonderful work. And thank you for Robert Dugan, director of the office of pub- having me with you. lic affairs in Washington, DC. The President also referred to evangelist Billy Graham. Note: The President spoke at 11:57 a.m. at the Hyatt Regency O’Hare Hotel. In his re-

Message to the Congress on the Determination Not To Prohibit Fish Imports From Certain Countries March 3, 1992

To the Congress of the United States: sistent with the General Agreement on Tar- Pursuant to the provisions of subsection iffs and Trade. Subsection (b) requires me (b) of the Pelly Amendment to the Fisher- to report to the Congress within 60 days men’s Protective Act of 1967, as amended following certification on the actions taken (22 U.S.C. 1978(b)), I am reporting to you pursuant to the certification; if all fish im- that the Secretary of Commerce reported ports have not been prohibited, the report to me that shipments of yellowfin tuna or must state the reasons for so doing. products derived from yellowfin tuna har- After thorough review, I have determined vested by Venezuela in the eastern tropical that sanctions against Costa Rica, France, Pacific Ocean (ETP) have been prohibited and Italy will not be imposed at this time from the countries of Costa Rica, France, while we continue to work toward an inter- and Italy since June 25, 1991. national dolphin conservation program in The Secretary’s letter to me is deemed the ETP. Costa Rica, France, and Italy will to be a certification for the purposes of sub- continue to be certified. I will make further section (a) of the Pelly Amendment. Sub- reports to you as developments warrant. section (a) requires that I consider and, at my discretion, order the prohibition of im- GEORGE BUSH ports into the United States of fish and fish products from Costa Rica, France, and Italy The White House, to the extent that such prohibition is con- March 3, 1992.

Message to the Senate Transmitting the Spain-United States Second Supplementary Treaty on Extradition March 3, 1992

To the Senate of the United States: the Senate the report of the Department With a view to receiving the advice and of State with respect to this Supplementary consent of the Senate to ratification, I trans- Treaty. mit herewith the Second Supplementary The Second Supplementary Treaty sup- Treaty on Extradition between the United plements and amends the Treaty on Extra- States of America and the Kingdom of dition between the United States of Amer- Spain, signed at Madrid on February 9, ica and Spain, signed at Madrid on May 29, 1988. I also transmit for the information of

369 Mar. 3 / Administration of George Bush, 1992

1970, as amended by the Supplementary commit such offenses. It also excludes from Treaty on Extradition, signed at Madrid on the reach of the political offense exception January 25, 1975 and is designed to update a murder or other willful crime against the and standardize the conditions and proce- person of a Head of State or a member dures for extradition between the United of the first family of a Contracting Party, States and Spain. Most significant, it sub- as well as any offense for which both Con- stitutes a dual criminality clause for a cur- tracting Parties have a multilateral treaty rent list of extraditable offenses so that, obligation to extradite the person or submit inter alia, certain additional narcotics of- the case to prosecution. fenses will be covered by the Treaty. The The provisions in this Supplementary Second Supplementary Treaty also provides Treaty follow generally the form and con- a legal basis for temporarily surrendering tent of extradition treaties recently con- prisoners to stand trial for crimes against cluded by the United States. Upon entry the laws of the Requesting State. into force, it will supplement and amend This Supplementary Treaty further rep- the existing Extradition Treaty and Supple- resents an important step in combatting ter- mentary Extradition Treaty between the rorism by excluding from the scope of the United States and Spain. political offense exception serious offenses The Supplementary Treaty will make a typically committed by terrorists, e.g., mur- significant contribution to international co- der; voluntary manslaughter; voluntary as- operation in law enforcement. I recommend sault and battery inflicting serious bodily that the Senate give early and favorable con- harm; kidnapping; abduction; hostage-tak- sideration to the Supplementary Treaty and ing; illegal detention; the illegal use of ex- give its advice and consent to ratification. plosives, automatic weapons, and incendiary GEORGE BUSH or destructive devices or substances; attempt or participation in such offenses, as The White House, well as conspiracy or illicit association to March 3, 1992.

Statement by Press Secretary Fitzwater on the President’s Meeting With Prime Minister Filip Dimitrov of Bulgaria March 3, 1992

The President met for approximately 30 nomic reform. He expressed America’s firm minutes this afternoon with Bulgarian Prime support for Bulgaria as it undertakes this Minister Filip Dimitrov. He welcomed the difficult transformation and proposed that Prime Minister as the first popularly-elected both countries work to promote foreign Bulgarian leader ever to visit the United trade and investment, which can bring the States and congratulated him on Bulgaria’s capital, know-how, and new jobs Bulgaria national day of independence, celebrated needs. today. The two leaders also discussed the situa- The President expressed admiration for tion in the Balkans. They reaffirmed their the determination shown by President strong support for U.N. peacekeeping ef- Zhelev and Prime Minister Dimitrov in ad- forts in Yugoslavia and agreed that all coun- vancing democracy and human rights, in- tries should act with restraint so as to pro- cluding minority rights, in Bulgaria and in mote confidence and stability in the region. pursuing a bold program of market eco-

370 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / Mar. 4

Statement on the Georgia Presidential Primary Victory March 3, 1992

Thanks to the Republican voters of Geor- sage of jobs, family, and peace. gia, we are another step closer to our goal To those who have been with me in the of winning every primary and caucus. After past but did not vote for me today, I hear the votes are counted in Maryland and Col- your concerns and understand your frustra- orado, I’m confident our campaign will be tion with Washington. I am committed to seven-for-seven in this election season. We regaining your support. To get the economy are well on our way to the nomination and moving, I will continue pushing the Demo- look forward to taking the battle to the cratic majority in Congress to enact my Democrats. Barbara and I deeply appreciate growth initiatives by the March 20th dead- the support we received today for our mes- line.

Exchange With Reporters on the Presidential Primaries March 4, 1992

The President. The communications czar I’m very, very pleased. has told me that we must be moving on- Q. Do you feel good about repenting on ward. And I can tell your lack of interest, taxes? or you would be going with us on to the The President. Yes, very good about that. Super Tuesday States. Why are you not Q. Do you accept the votes for Buchanan there? as votes against you? Q. Are you afraid of Buchanan? The President. It seems to be that way, Q. Do you think you’ll consistently lose yes. I think that’s a good way to analyze this 30-percent protest vote? it. But that will turn around. The economy The President. We’re doing well. We won will turn around. We’ll make some headway everything, and we’re going to keep on win- with Congress eventually, keep trying. And ning everything. Tough times out there, and people will see that I’m the person to lead I think people are beginning to understand this country now, as I was in the past. that what counts is who wins these pri- Q. ——margin in 30 percent? maries. So I feel good about it, and I’m The President. This is a high jump. I’m not going to keep raising the high bar. I’m not going to raise the bar, nor lower it. Just just going to go one at a time and win them leave it where it is. all and win the election in the fall. So, I’m very grateful to the people that Note: The exchange began at 7:46 a.m. on worked hard; they’re working in a tough the South Lawn at the White House prior economic environment. I know that. But to the President’s departure for Tampa, FL.

Remarks at a Bush-Quayle Fundraising Luncheon in Tampa, Florida March 4, 1992

Thank you, General. Thank you all very, for that warm welcome back. Well, I want very much. Thank you so much. I will have to thank a lot of people, everybody in this a word more to say about the introducer audience. But I think of Alec Courtelis, our in just a minute. But thank you all so much campaign’s national finance cochairman;

371 Mar. 4 / Administration of George Bush, 1992

Zach Zachariah, who has done a great job State, my profound thanks for this steadfast as our chairman here in this wonderful and loyal support in troubled times. Thank State. I don’t think it’s out of order to salute you, Florida, and thank you to the people my Florida chairman, Jeb Bush. [Laughter] of Florida. And thank you, most of all, Gen- And of course, our Florida State chairman, eral Schwarzkopf. Van Poole, a friend of long, long standing. Now to the politics at hand. We had a Mike Bilirakis is not with us, the Congress- good day yesterday. You may have trouble man; but he and I and Evelyn, his wife, reading that, but we had a very good day I think she is here, we were at the straw- yesterday. [Laughter] Somebody asked me, berry festival. I’ve eaten my second high- what does it take to win? And I say to them, calorie dessert in 3 hours. But that was a I can’t remember, what did it take to win wonderful occasion. And Senator Hawkins, the Super Bowl? Or maybe Steinbrenner, Paula Hawkins, former Senator, is with us; my friend George, will tell us what it takes and of course, Al Austin, who has been at for the Yanks to win: one run. But I went my side in his most unselfish, productive to the strawberry festival this morning and way over and over again. Al, I’m very grate- ate a piece of shortcake over there. Able ful to you, sir. to enjoy it right away. And once I com- Now a quick word about the introducer, pleted it, it didn’t have to be approved by Tampa’s favorite son, America’s hero. Last Congress, so I just went ahead and ate it. year, when General Scowcroft—General [Laughter] That leads me to what I want Scowcroft, sorry; Brent will be thrilled— to talk to you about today. [laughter]—when General Schwarzkopf We’ve got a lot to do in these next few commanded the largest allied fighting force months because really we’ve got a lot to since World War II, he earned a lasting do in the next few years. And I am con- place of greatness in the history of our time. vinced that together, and I am so grateful There is no question of that place in great- for your support, that we can finish what ness. It is going to be there. The revisionists we’ve started and move this country for- can look and figure and debate, but it was ward. And to do that, I need your support. a clear, wonderful victory led by an outstanding soldier. Help me win the Presidency for 4 more This general led a group of fighting men years. And I ask for your support for the and women. He has told me, Colin Powell simplest of reasons: I think we believe in has told me about the merits of these young the same things, in the same values, the fighters. They included, incidentally, almost same important things. We know that taxes 8,000 Florida reservists and 1,500 Florida are too high because our Government is too guardsmen and thousands more sailors and big and it spends too much. airmen from the bases around Florida; and And we believe in a strong defense. And of course, the mighty force of Tampa’s own you listen to the proposals in Washington central command. today. They all have these big, spendthrift And I am so proud of General political programs. And how are they going Schwarzkopf and all the men and women to take it? They’re going to take it right that he commanded. And they all said, all out of the muscle of the defense of this of us who looked at them say: With your country, and I am not going to permit that sacrifice, with your courage, with your self- as President of the United States. less service, you told the world that the We believe in faith and family, respon- United States of America will never tuck sibility and respect. We believe in commu- tail and let aggression stand. And you nity and, of course, country. And we believe showed that we will do what is right and there’s a place for getting these values back. just, and in so doing we will prevail. I happen to believe there’s a place for vol- When you and those troops laid it all on untary prayer in our children’s classrooms, the line, the people of this State never and I’d like to see it back. wavered. And for this, I want to express I’m firmly convinced of this, that we put to all the people, heck with party, heck with America first when we put America’s fami- political ideology, all of the people in this lies first. So often today, politicians can do

372 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / Mar. 4 the easy thing, the popular thing. But it’s Well look, we can’t stop there. More than the tough decisions that tell you something our court system needs reform, like our about character and principle. For I believe health care system. This is one of great con- in things that don’t change from one elec- cern to the people of Florida, not because tion to the next, things that guide each and it doesn’t offer the world’s best quality every one of us each day of the year. And health care; it does. I think we’d all agree I believe in things that have led us to a we are blessed by the best quality health new era in America’s history, the important, care in the world. We must reform the sys- fundamentally important things. I men- tem because too many people do not have tioned family but certainly world peace, cer- access to insurance. And all Americans de- tainly jobs. serve quality health care and the sense of The cold war is over. And if you want well-being that it brings. And too many peo- to count your blessings, there’s one: The ple worry that they’ll lose their insurance cold war is over, and America won, and the if they change jobs or, worse still, if they Soviet Union collapsed. The Soviet Union lose their job. And anybody who’s had even collapsed, and the imperial communism, the minor surgery knows that health care costs communism with outreach, is finished. It’s are going right through the roof. dead all around the world. So, make no mis- Well, you know the problem, but what’s take about it. the solution? I can tell you what it’s not As a result of this tremendous victory in first. It is not to go down the road of nation- Desert Storm, our credibility as a country alized or socialized expensive programs that has never ever been higher around the we hear from the Democratic side. All that world. And it was our leadership that means—you look at those other programs changed the world. And now what I want to do is see us come together, men and over there—all that means is long lines and women of this great city, all across our impersonal service. Well, look, you can go country, come together and use that same down to the department of motor vehicles spirit, that same leadership to change Amer- for that, you don’t have to go change the ica. medical system. [Laughter] We are changing it by setting right what So, our approach: Make insurance avail- is simply on the wrong track in our country. able to all; keep the quality high, the bu- Take our courts, for example. When the reaucracy low; and preserve choice for the rights of the criminal are more important patient. The last thing we want and need than the rights of the victim, that’s wrong. in this country is for the Government telling And I’m proud of our tough stand on crime, you who your doctor is going to be. Health and I’m proud of our judicial appointments, care reform means improving the system, judges who interpret and do not legislate and that is what I’m attempting to do with from the Federal bench. And when fathers this new comprehensive health care pro- stop coaching Little League because they’re gram that we have now. afraid of liability lawsuits, that too is wrong. There’s another system where reform And so, we’ve proposed reforms to our means changing the system, and I’m talking court system to reduce the number of frivo- about the welfare system. Let’s face it, too lous lawsuits. I don’t want to get into any often that system perpetuates dependency trouble with the bar association around instead of personal responsibility and the here, but I once quoted to someone that dignity of a job. Too often kids are born line, ‘‘An apple a day keeps the doctor into yet another generation of despair; no away.’’ And he said, ‘‘Yeah, well, what works hope, no dignity, simply another generation for lawyers?’’ [Laughter] of welfare recipients. And we’ve got to Legal reform will help our legal process change that. I’ve asked the Departments work. But, you know the real answer for and Agencies to make it easier for the State solving problems is to be more concerned and local governments to promote policies with helping each other than suing each that protect and strengthen families. And other. That seems to me a fundamental we do that through what we call a much American principle. more flexible waiver system.

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We need to help make families whole, not much better than the one in the House. help bring dignity back into their lives, and Its centerpiece is a huge tax increase. And go after the deadbeat fathers who run out the last thing our economy needs now is on their kids. That’s what we need to be a $100 billion tax hike. doing in reforming and strengthening the And we drew a line in the sand in the welfare system in this country. Persian Gulf and kept our word. And I’ll We all know when it gets down to—cer- draw another line in the sand right now. tainly it’s true now, Al and I were talking If the Democrats send me a monstrosity about it at lunch, and you can read it in like the bill that passed through the House, these primary elections across the country— I will send it right back, vetoing it the day we all know that the number one issue on the minds of all Americans is the economy that I get it. We are not going to let that and jobs: people worried about providing happen to the taxpayer in this country. for their families, meeting the everyday And they ought to pass this plan, and pass challenges of paying their bills, providing a it soon, to make our country more competi- home, teaching their kids, and setting aside tive. And here’s the deadline: March 20th, for retirement. People are worried. Those the first day of spring. What a glorious day that have a job, white-collar job perhaps, for some action out of the United States wonder whether they’ll have it tomorrow. Congress. Just pass the plan, and get this The American people want this economy economy moving again. That’s my charge to work. They want it to create, preserve to them, and if they don’t do it, then we’ll jobs. So in my State of the Union Address, have to see what happens after the 20th. I put forward a two-part plan. And the first But I’ll tell you, I think the American peo- part will get business stimulated right now. ple want to say, ‘‘Set politics aside for a It would bring confidence back now, up- minute; pass the President’s plan.’’ And grading plant and equipment again, hiring then they and I can go to general quarters workers again. And it uses incentives like and fight each other all the way to the fall, the investment tax allowance, rapid depre- playing politics. Right now, the American ciation. It calls for Congress to wake up people need action that will stimulate this and understand how the real world works economy. and create jobs by cutting the tax on capital gains. There’s a broader gauge, the second part To get housing back on its feet, I unveiled of the plan, roadmap to make America com- several commonsense proposals to get peo- petitive in this fast-changing world of ours. ple buying and building homes. And these Our plan revolutionizes the American edu- proposals will create, in Florida alone, an cation system, none too soon. We’ve got a estimated 26,500 additional housing starts brilliant program called America 2000. and 51,000 new construction jobs. Perhaps Doesn’t fine-tune, it just revolutionizes the the most easily understood proposal along education system in this country. Broad sup- those lines is a $5,000 tax credit for first- port from the Democratic Governors, Re- time homebuyers. And with our plan, young publican Governors alike. I was reading that people almost able to buy that first home the average eighth-grader spends 4 times could do it with that extra $5,000 in their as much time watching TV as doing home- pockets. This is good. This is stimulative. work. And that is wrong. And we can help This will work. This will restore confidence. change that by making our education system I hate to be critical at a wonderfully non- demand responsibility and demand results. partisan lunch like this. But a word about Our plan will also get the billions of dol- the Democrats’ plan: It’s a rip-off. I’ve stud- lars’ worth of Government R&D, research ied it. I’ve considered it carefully. It’s a rip- and development, more quickly into the off. Listen to the deal: 25 cents a day in hands of our private sector businesses and temporary tax relief for 2 years for individuals, paid for, typically, by a large perma- workers. That’s the second part of this nent tax increase. And over in the Senate, longer term plan: Get spectacular techno- the bill the Democrats are working on is logical advances off the shelf and into the

374 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / Mar. 4 marketplace. We’re turning to the Federal I believe the American people want to hear labs now and working partnerships with about how we’re going to address our coun- business to get that genius, that inventive try’s challenges. They want to hear solu- genius in those labs, applied to U.S. com- tions, not just a lot of name-calling and run- mercial technology. Get those advances off ning this country down. the shelf and into the marketplace. And And I might say parenthetically, again that’s going to produce a real return on your without any regard to the primaries, I think tax dollars investment, helping to create we’ve got to come together as a country new products, helping to create new jobs. to resist the politics of ugliness and hate, The plan provides tax relief to strengthen racial bigotry and discrimination. We’ve got the family. We raise the tax deduction for to stand against that wherever we are. children by $500. And make no mistake So the bottom line is, I need your help. about it, I want all of this plan passed now. I need your help to keep our party strong, I want it passed as soon as possible. keep it united so we can win this fall. And Behind all of this is a very important deci- yes, there are many challenges before us, sion for America. To succeed economically and I guarantee you we’re going to meet at home, we have to lead economically them. We are the United States of America. abroad. Some don’t want us to lead. Some We’re going to come out of these rough don’t think we can compete. They want us economic times. We are going to continue to shut out the rest of the world. Well, those to lead the world. And I, as President, am people could not be more wrong. Look over going to continue to see that our national you shoulders to the thirties, to the days security is second to none around the world. of protection and isolation and America We’re going to meet these challenges, first, in that sense. Look what happened to meet them all across the State of Florida this country. Markets shrunk, and we ended from the Panhandle down to the Florida up in the worst depression the world has Keys. And yes, there’s an important election seen, certainly in modern times. next week, and then there’s another one in They couldn’t be more wrong. More than November. And I say this, I hope without 200,000 workers in Florida owe their jobs arrogance: I am confident I am going to to manufactured exports. Last year alone, win this nomination. And I am confident more than $5 billion in exports went out I am going to win this election because I through the Tampa customs district. The believe that the values I’ve touched on here way to create jobs here isn’t to cut and run. today are the fundamental values of the We’re not going to do that, ever. The way American people. And I will do my level- to create jobs is by opening markets, open- best. I will continue to try my hardest in ing markets for exports everywhere in the tough times, and I will continue to lead the world. And I’m going to fight hard in every greatest, freest Nation on the face of the foreign market to do that, and I’m going Earth. But I need your support on Tuesday, to resist—I don’t care about the politics— and I’ll need it again in November. I am going to resist the siren’s call for pro- Thank you all, and may God bless our tection. It is not good for America. We are great country. the leaders of the world, not in retreat. And I’m going to fight hard, lastly, in every primary, not for my sake but for America’s. I believe fundamentally we’re an optimistic people. We saw it after Desert Note: The President spoke at 1:30 p.m. at Storm. We saw the country come together, the Omni Westshore Hotel. In his remarks, and we were lifted up. And now we’re sub- he referred to Zach Zachariah, Bush-Quayle jected to some tough economic times, and financial cochairman for Florida; Jeb Bush, there’s some icing on that cake with a lot Bush-Quayle chairman for Florida; Van of gloom and doom over and over again Poole, Florida Republican Party chairman; coming out of the political process itself. and Al Austin, chairman of the luncheon.

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Remarks at the Bush-Quayle South Florida Rally in Hialeah, Florida March 4, 1992

The President. Thank you very, very and spending too much. We’ll try to keep much. What a wonderful turnout. Thank working on that one, Ileana. And we’re you. Thank you, Jeb. And may I first salute holding Congress’ feet to the fire, to meet your great Congresswoman, Ileana Ros- this March 20th deadline for tax cuts to cre- Lehtinen, doing a superb job in Washing- ate jobs and incentives to get the housing ton, DC; Mayor Julio Martinez, also work- market back on its feet. ing at this important local level. And it’s Right now, the tired old liberal leadership great to be back in south Florida. I believe in the Congress is moving in the wrong di- I am the first President to visit Hialeah, rection. You know, the House passed a bill but I am sure proud to be here. I want that would raise taxes $100 billion, and if to mention three other State leaders who it comes to my desk, I am going to veto can’t be with us today, Senator Casas and it so fast it’ll make your head swim. Representatives Garcia and Rojas. They’d And let me say also, we’ve got to break planned on being here; they were called to this stranglehold of government monopoly Tallahassee for action in the legislature. And on the schools. You see, we say don’t let I just pay them my respects because they, the bureaucrats decide. Let the parents de- too, are serving you all very, very well. cide. Let the parents choose where the chil- I wish we had a little more time here dren go to school, and let them have the today. It would be great to have a Cafe freedom to choose among private and paro- Cubano at Chico Two’s, but time won’t per- chial schools as well as public schools. mit it. And may I thank the people from Another point, and Jeb touched on it, south Miami here who are providing us with we’ve got to take back our neighborhoods this cheering. And right over here, there from the thugs and the drug dealers. Part they are, Hialeah. of the answer is a tough crime bill in Wash- I’m going to keep this speech short. ington, DC. Give me your support to get When you’ve got to face the voters, you that passed. Our bill gives new protection can’t afford to give a 4-hour stemwinder, to women and children, those that are vic- Castro-style. So I’ll keep it shorter. Let me timized by sex criminals. It stops endless get right to the point of this visit. I want appeals. And for the worst kind of crimes, to be your President for 4 more years. We it provides the death penalty for the cop- can and we will win elections up and down killers and those narcotic kings. I support the line, in Congress, in the statehouses, our police, and I think we need to show and in local communities, for people that more compassion for the victims of crime share our values, who are working for jobs, and be a little tougher on the criminals. family, peace. And together, we can win a And let me shift a little bit, to a little great victory on primary day and then an- bit to do with foreign affairs. I am looking other one on November 3d, 1992. forward to the day when democracy has tri- You see, I think we agree on the big umphed and the Castro dictatorship nearby issues that shape the world, on the values is no more. And let me say to those people that guide us at home. And I’m speaking outside who are concerned about their of world peace, the importance of family, country: I want to see democracy restored the need to create and sustain good jobs to Haiti, and we will continue to work for in a productive society. the return of President Aristide. We have big plans for this year. Here’s I want to honor the Cuban brave human- what we need to accomplish together. First, rights activists and its martyrs for freedom we are going to get that economy growing and those who died resisting the dictator- and thriving. Help me with the Congress. ship of Castro. And I’m looking forward to And with Ileana’s help, I will try to keep being the first President of the United rolling back a Government that’s too big States to set foot on the free soil of post-

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Castro Cuba. And I’m talking about a lot of trade. Audience members. Four more years! And while I’m on that subject, let me Four more years! Four more years! mention in a broad sense that the people The President. Let’s look at the real situa- I am running against for President of the tion in the world. Look around the world. United States, or who are running against Fidel Castro is now hopelessly isolated. And me, do not share this vision of free and let me be very clear about this: We cannot fair trade. They want to barricade our bor- and we will not have a normal dialog with ders against job-creating trade. And they’re Cuba as long as that dictatorship remains the same kind of people that said to Colum- in power. And we do not and we will not bus, ‘‘The Earth is flat, don’t go.’’ And as help Castro police that prison state. We’re for me, I’m going to keep working to in- going to keep heavy pressure on the outlaw crease the flow of foreign trade and invest- regime, and we are going to strictly main- ment which is the lifeblood of modern tain our embargo. Miami. We will not go back to the sorry, Now let me say, as I look at this situation sad, pessimistic days of protectionism. as your President, Castro is showing signs We’re not going to do that as long as I of desperation. Over the past year, he has am President. intensified his persecution of people who My son Jeb told me that there were many attempt free expression, of people who try people right here in the Guards and in the to form independent organizations. And the Reserve and in the regulars that served in secret police have carried out more arrests. Desert Storm. And they served with great The Government-controlled mobs are in- patriotism. And let me say to them: You creasing their violence against brave individ- did a first-class job. uals who stand up for the basic rights and And now you’re seeing in this political liberties that we take for granted in this year many people that are saying, cut the country. And so, Castro is trying to crush heart out of defense. Cut it all up. Cut it the Cuban spirit and the Cuban society in away. Don’t have a defense. Let me tell a manner like Stalin. you something. I am going to keep this The world has run out of patience with country strong and ready for the challenges Fidel Castro. Let me give you a profound ahead, whatever they may be. Yes, we can example of what I have just said. Yesterday, make cutbacks. Because these people at the Human Rights Commission in the fought so well, our credibility is high, com- United Nations in Geneva, they voted for munism is on the run, democracy is going the strongest action ever against Castro’s forward. We can make cuts in defense. But human rights abuses. And listen to this one: true to form, the liberals want to cut it to A new democracy, a brandnew democracy, the bone. And we must not let that happen. joined the world’s condemnation of Castro’s I am for prudent cuts. We have suggested crimes, and that democratic was Russia. some. They’re on the recommendation of Imagine the change: Russia condemning the Joint Chiefs and of Colin Powell and Fidel Castro. And the vote of that important of Dick Cheney. But I am not going to per- Commission was overwhelming. The ex- mit these people to gut defense so they can Communist states of Bulgaria and Hungary run off and spend your money in a reckless and Czechoslovakia cosponsored that anti- way. Castro resolution. But not a single Latin When I think of Hialeah, I think of patri- American country voted to defend Castro. otism and service to country. And the Flor- It’s changing. It’s changing all around the ida reservists and guardsmen answered that world. And this man is isolated in his dicta- call for Desert Storm, and airmen and sail- torship. ors from Florida’s bases, and of course, the But let me say this more positively. Let soldiers of General Schwarzkopf, central me say this more positively: When Castro command all responded. And I am so proud falls, and inevitably he will, we are going of those of you here who served. And with to be instantly prepared to renew our your service and with your courage you said, friendship and then help instantly in the re- ‘‘Never will we tuck our tail and let aggres- building of a free and democratic Cuba. sion stand.’’ And we fought. And we

377 Mar. 4 / Administration of George Bush, 1992 won. And you that served deserve the cred- you are going to have the future of this it. country in your hands. And you can prove And there were those who didn’t support your faith in self-government. You can us then, and there are those who second- prove that this epitomizes success in Amer- guess us now. But not the good people of ica, people that come here halfway around Hialeah, not the people of Florida. And the world and then make a success of their when our kids laid it on the line, you never lives. You can prove your success, and we wavered. And for this, I want to thank the can prove the pessimists wrong. So stand people of this great State. up and vote for what you believe in. Show And every 4 years we have this political Florida your strength. Show America the dance. And now we are in the battle for power that you represent. And give me 4 the future of the United States of America. more years as President of the United States And we are determined to leave our kids of America. the best legacy possible. We want to lead Audience members. Four more years! the world in good jobs with productive Four more years! Four more years! work. We want to remain a powerful force, The President. Thank you all. Thank you the single world leader for world peace and all, and may God bless the greatest country freedom. And we’re fighting to protect our on the face of the Earth. Thank you very most basic institution, the one that means much. so much to the people of Hialeah, and I’m talking about the family. Note: The President spoke at 6:08 p.m. at And on primary day and in November, Milander Park Stadium.

Remarks at a Bush-Quayle Fundraising Dinner in Miami, Florida March 4, 1992

Thank you all. Please be seated. And we have much to do these next few months Zach, Dr. Zachariah, thank you, sir, for that because we’ve much to do in these next wonderful introduction, for all you do, and few years. Together we can finish what I am very, very grateful to you. I want to we’ve started, and we can move this country thank Father Murphy for his thoughtful in- forward. And to do that, I need your sup- vocation; the national finance chairman, you port. Help me win the Presidency for 4 met Bobby Holt; but the national finance more years. I ask your support for the sim- cochairman, my old friend Alec Courtelis; plest reason: We believe in the same things, and another good longtime friend, Jack jobs, family, peace, the fundamentally im- Laughery; to our campaign manager in portant things. And Zach, thank you for Florida, no nepotism involved, I just chose your very kind words about my grasp of the best, Jeb Bush. And may I salute one and leadership in the field of foreign affairs. who gives us so much support, gives me We know that taxes are too high in this so much support in Washington, Congress- country because the Government is too big woman Ileana Ros-Lehtinen. Where is she? and it spends too much. And we believe Right here. And State senator Lincoln Diaz- in a strong defense. We believe in family Balart who we just met over here. Thank and faith, responsibility and respect, com- you, sir. And Van Poole, our State chairman, munity and country. And we know that we where’s Van? He’s right down here some- put America first when we put America’s where at the end. I salute him. And, of families first. The National League of Cities’ course, our Dade County chairman, our mayors came to me, and they said the masterful master of ceremonies, Armando Codina. Thank you, Armando. major problem in the cities is the dissolution, the diminution of the American It is a pleasure to be here tonight. And

378 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / Mar. 4 family. And we’ve got to do something because they fear ambulance-chasers. This about that. isn’t the America we want. This isn’t the So often today’s politicians do the easy way it’s supposed to be, all these lawsuits thing, the popular thing. But it’s the tough out there. These days a sharp lawyer would decisions that tell you something important tell the Good Samaritan, ‘‘Keep on walk- about character and principle. For I believe ing.’’ I want to change that, so I’ve proposed in things that don’t change from one elec- reforms to our system to reduce the number tion to the next, things that guide each one of frivolous lawsuits. of us every single day of the year. Now, I don’t want to get in trouble with During my Presidency I’ve been blessed the Bar Association, but I once quoted to to take part in a new era in America’s his- someone that line, ‘‘An apple a day keeps tory. And let’s face it, my friends, the cold the doctor away.’’ And he said, ‘‘What works war is over, and America won. And we are the leader of the entire world. And the So- for lawyers?’’ [Laughter] Legal reform will viet Union collapsed, and imperial com- help our legal process work. But, you know, munism is dead. the real answer for solving problems is to Last week marked a special birthday, the be more concerned with helping each other battle of Grito de Baire in Cuba’s war of than suing each other. We’re going to try independence. We support independence. to correct that from this legal reform bill We want freedom and prosperity for the I have before the Congress. Cuban people and an end to Castro’s totali- Can’t stop there though, not until we re- tarian regime. But look around the world. form our health care system. Not because Castro has become an outcast even among it doesn’t offer the world’s highest quality the dictators. And his beaches are not bor- of health care; it does. I think everybody ders, they’re the confines of freedom. For would agree on that. But we’ve got to re- years, the Cuban community—and I salute form it because too many people simply Jorge Mas and so many others here to- don’t have access to health insurance. Too night—the Cuban community has energized many people worry that they’ll lose their Miami. And someday freedom-loving people insurance if they change jobs, or, worse still, will change that island for the better, just if they lose their job. And anybody who’s like America has changed the world. It’s had even minor surgery knows that health going to happen. You can bet on it. It is care costs are going through the roof. inevitable. What’s the solution? Not to go down the And now tonight, I want to talk about road of socialized medicine. All that means how Republican leadership is changing is long lines and impersonal service. And America. We’re changing it by setting right as I said at lunch, we can get that, long what is simply on the wrong track in our lines, impersonal service, at the department country. of motor vehicles. [Laughter] My idea, and Take our courts, for example. There’s we’ve got a good plan to do this, is to make something wrong when the rights of the criminal are more important than the rights insurance available to all, rich and poor of the victim. And I am proud of our tough alike, availability, keep the quality high, the stand on crime, although if Congress passed bureaucracy low, and preserve choice. The my crime bill, we could be doing a lot bet- last thing we want is the Government aster. We could be a lot tougher. And I’m signing you a doctor. proud of our judicial appointments, judges And I want you to know I’d written this who interpret and do not legislate from the before I knew there were going to be 200 Federal bench. doctors here tonight. [Laughter] But since And there are other things that are wrong. I have your attention, I have an ache in When kids can’t say a voluntary prayer in my shoulder and a small headache, and I’d school or when fathers stop coaching Little like to know what to do about it. [Laughter] League because they’re afraid of liability Health care reform means improving the suits, that too is wrong, and the same when system. And there’s another area where re- people stop volunteering to help each other form means changing the system. And

379 Mar. 4 / Administration of George Bush, 1992

I’m talking about welfare. Let’s face it: Too tax relief for 2 years, paid for, typical of often welfare encourages dependency in- them, by a large permanent tax increase. stead of personal responsibility and the dig- Now, over in the Senate, the bill the Demo- nity of a job. And so we’ve asked all the crats are working on is not much better than Departments and Agencies to make it easier the one that’s in the House. And its center- through the waiver process for State and piece is a huge tax increase. The last thing local government to reform policies and our economy needs now is a $100 billion help broken families. We need to help make tax hike, and they are not going to get it. families whole, help bring dignity back into Zach alluded to this, we drew a line in their lives. And yes, that means going after the sand in the Persian Gulf, and we kept the deadbeat fathers who run out on their children and leave some struggling mother our word. So I’ll draw another line in the to take care of the responsibility. sand right now. If the Democrats send me There are so many issues out here. But nonsense like the bill passed through the this leads me, then, to the number one issue House, I will send it right back. I will veto on the minds of all Americans: the econ- it the minute it hits my desk. We are not omy, jobs. People out of jobs are looking going to inflict this on the American people. for jobs, people who have jobs are worried Instead of their crazy political maneuvers, they might lose it tomorrow, worried about Congress ought to pass my plan to make their jobs, providing for their families, meet- America more competitive. Here’s the ing the challenges of paying the bills, buying deadline: March 20th, the first day of a home, setting aside for retirement. spring. Here’s the challenge: Give American The American people want this economy workers a spring break. No more games. to grow, to create and preserve jobs. So No more empty gestures. Just pass my plan, in January, some of you may remember it and get this economy moving. in the State of the Union, I unveiled a two- Some question the need to act now. Well, part plan. The first part gets business mov- let me repeat the story of a little boy who ing again, upgrading plant and equipment, asked why his friend’s grandmother read the hiring workers again. It uses incentives like Bible so much. ‘‘I’m not sure,’’ said his an investment tax allowance that speeds up friend, ‘‘but I think it’s because she’s cram- the depreciation, calls for Congress to wake up and understand how jobs are created and ming for her finals.’’ Urgency counts in any to cut the tax on capital gains which will world. And so I’m asking Congress to also create a lot of new small business jobs. pass the second part of my plan this year. Housing and real estate have led us out It’s a roadmap to make us competitive. of recessions in slow times before. So to Our plan revolutionizes America’s edu- get housing back on its feet I unveiled sev- cation system. I was reading that the aver- eral commonsense proposals to get people age eighth grader spends 4 times as much buying and building homes. These proposals of his time watching TV as doing home- will create in Florida alone an estimated work. TV should not be America’s baby- 26,500 additional housing starts and 51,000 sitter. We can change that by making our new construction jobs. Now, perhaps the schools accountable and demand excellence. most easily understood proposal is a $5,000 Our plan will get the billions of dollars of tax credit for first-time homebuyers, that Government research and development young family together that needs just a little more quickly to private sector businesses more to own their first home. People almost and workers. Good education, and then use able to buy that first home could do it with our know-how to move our technology from that extra $5,000 in their pocket. the Government labs out into the competi- Two hundred and three years ago on this tive world. very date the United States Congress met We have a commitment to children and for the first time, this very date 203 years ago. I wonder what they would think today strong families, and our plan provides tax about the House Democrats’ so-called plan. relief to strengthen the family. We want to Here’s the deal: 25 cents a day in temporary raise the tax deduction for children by

380 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / Mar. 5

$500. Make no mistake, I want this entire couple of years. plan passed this year. I want it passed now. We’ve got a lot to do in this country, and Behind all of this is an idea vital to Amer- a lot to do. But I am absolutely confident ica: To succeed economically at home, we that we will get the job done. And I’m going have to lead economically abroad. Zach put to fight hard in the Florida primary for his finger on the importance of America’s these people, fight for what is right and leadership around the world. Some don’t good. I saw, in the 8 years my friend Ronald want us to lead. They think we ought to Reagan led America, how leadership mat- just shut out the rest of the world. And ters. Last year, as Zach mentioned, we saw they’re dead wrong. More than 200,000 jobs America stand tall again in the Persian Gulf. in Florida stem from manufactured exports. And I believe the next 5 years are just too And last year, more than $13 billion in ex- important to entrust to the inexperienced. ports went out through the Miami customs So I ask for your help to keep our party district. strong, united so that we can win this fall. You know that the way to create jobs is And yes, we have many challenges before not to cut and run, not to pull back in some us. But when haven’t we? We’re America. isolationistic sphere of protection; rather to We’re on the move. We’re a country of open markets for our exports everywhere change. And I guarantee you, we will meet in the world. And I am going to fight hard every single challenge, each and every one in every foreign market to do just that. It of them, and meet them from the great is exports that have saved us in these rough Panhandle to the tip of the Florida Keys. times, and it is exports that will lead us And yes, there’s an important primary into the most prosperous decade that lies next Tuesday, and then there’s another elec- ahead. And it’s working. Our overall trade tion in November. And I guarantee you, I imbalance is down. Look at the figures. In have never felt more confident about win- 1988 the trade deficit stood at $119 billion. ning the primary and winning the general Today it’s dropped to $66 billion, a 44-per- election. I’ve got to be a little careful; my cent drop in that relatively short period of mother’s living up the coast here in Florida, time. so I’ve got to be careful. But I think I’ve Now, I believe the American people want been a good President, and I want to be to hear about how we’re going to address your President for another 4 years. And I all these challenges, our country’s chal- will give you my level-best and work my lenges. And they want to hear solutions, not heart out for the greatest, freest country on just a lot of tearing this country down and the face of the Earth. telling America how bad everything is. We Thank you, and may God bless America. have an awful lot to be grateful for in this Thank you all very, very much. What a great country. They want to hear about the solu- evening and a great day in Florida. tions that will keep inflation low, get our confidence high, protect the savings of our elderly. Solutions that will win the war on Note: The President spoke at 8:30 p.m. in drugs, and we are making great headway. the East Hall of the Radisson Mart Plaza And I salute Miami’s heroic efforts in this Hotel. In his remarks, he referred to Zach battle against narcotics. We are winning. Zachariah, Bush-Quayle financial cochair- Witness the massive seizure of drugs in man for Florida, and Van Poole, Florida Re- south Florida over the past several months. publican Party chairman. A tape was not Witness the fact that drug use amongst available for verification of the content of teenagers is down by 60 percent in the last these remarks.

381 Mar. 5 / Administration of George Bush, 1992

Remarks to the Home Builders Association of Greater Columbia in Columbia, South Carolina March 5, 1992

Thank you very, very much, Carroll. I picked up the loudspeaker from the car Thank you all so much. What a nice wel- there and said, ‘‘Go Clemson!’’ Carroll said, come back to South Carolina. Thank you ‘‘Say Gamecocks! Say Gamecocks!’’ [Laugh- very, very much. It’s great to be here. To ter] And so never forgets the politics. Richard Sendler, congratulations on you and And I’m going to ask everybody what Carolyn’s 26th wedding anniversary. The today I ask of you: Help me—what we’ve man knows timing. Timing is everything in started—help me move our country for- life. And Governor Campbell, my dear ward. Help me win the Presidency for 4 friend Carroll, thank you for that generous more years. And I ask your support for the introduction. We are grateful for your hos- simplest reason. I believe we believe in the pitality, for your leadership as one of Ameri- same things: jobs, family, peace, world ca’s greatest Governors. peace, the important things. And we know Carroll mentioned the Governors’ con- that taxes are too high because our Govern- ference where we set these national edu- ment is too big and spends too much. And cation goals, a first. Wasn’t just Republican we believe in faith and family, responsibility Governors, wasn’t just Democrats, all com- and respect, community and country, a ing together to set national education goals strong defense and a strong economy. And that led to a program that will revolutionize we know that we put America first when our education. What he didn’t tell you is we put America’s families first. he and only two or three others, maybe it So often politicians do the easy things, was three, were the true leaders in design- the popular things. But it is the tough things ing this brandnew approach to revolutioniz- that tell you something about character and ing education in America and bringing us honor and leadership. Anyone can demagog, into a competitive scheme for the next cen- but the Presidents must make decisions. tury. We are going to again be the leaders And so, let me tell you what has guided in education, and your Governor has been me as I’ve tried to do for America what in the forefront of that change. And I am is right and true. very, very proud that Carroll Campbell will I learned, and I expect we all did, I serve as the national cochairman of my cam- learned a great deal when I was young from paign, and once again, he’s handling a lot the greatest teachers I ever had, and that of duties as the southern regional chairman. was my parents. And at church and in din- Good morning to the other members on ner and in political talks with my mom and the dais here, Chuck Newman, Mike my dad, I learned that life means nothing McMichael, and Dottie Lafitte-Woolston. without fidelity to principles. It’s what I be- America still remembers your strength, the lieved as a Navy pilot in World War II, strength and resilience shown by South as a businessman, and now as your Presi- Carolina during Hurricane Hugo. I promise dent. It’s why, for example, I’ve vetoed 26 not to be quite that windy today. [Laughter] bills, standing up against the Democratic It’s great to be back in this State where Congress. And I’m proud to say not one political victory is in the air. And then it’ll single one of them was overridden. Some- be on to the fall where already there’s a times you have to make the tough call. battle shaping up. Both sides will go on the Some of them were popular, but all, in offensive and all out. And in the end, there my view, were ill-advised. And the Presi- will only be one winner. And I don’t know dency is not a popularity contest. I think if it’ll be the Gamecocks or the Tigers, but you elect a President to say what America you can bet there’s a battle. [Laughter] needs to hear, even when it’s not what peo- We were riding in from the airport here, ple want to hear. In the campaign you hear I saw a guy with a Tigers T-shirt on. So all kinds of quick fixes, all kinds of

382 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / Mar. 5 political rhetoric, but a President must would be a national disaster, it really would. make decisions and lead. And the last thing we want is the Govern- And Carroll Campbell knows exactly what ment playing doctor. We’ve got to reform, I’m talking about. And so does that great and so our program says make insurance favorite son of South Carolina, Strom Thur- accessible to all, rich and poor alike. And mond. Like me, they believe in these eter- that’s the program that we need to bring nal truths that don’t change. And so did health care to those who don’t have it ade- another South Carolinian, a good man from quately now in our country. Columbia, Lee Atwater, my dear friend. And we’ve got to reform our country’s All of us know how values guide each legal system. The home of the free has be- of us every day of every year. It’s true in your families; it’s true in mine. It’s these come the land of the lawsuit. When you’re things that have helped bring America to as likely to serve your neighbor a subpoena a new world, a new era in our history. Car- as a cup of coffee, something is wrong. roll touched on it. Medical malpractice suits, they’ve become We’ve got a lot to be grateful for. The an epidemic worse than many of the dis- cold war is over, and America won. The eases. And we’ve got to turn this mess Soviet Union collapsed, and imperial com- around, and we need to spend more time munism is a four-letter word, D-E-A-D, helping one another than suing one another. dead. I salute my predecessor, Ronald And that’s why we’ve sent up there to the Reagan. American leadership changed the Capitol Hill a reform bill, a major reform world. Republican leadership will change bill to curtail needless lawsuits and give America. people easier ways to solve disputes out of We believe that parents, not the Govern- court. Your industry depends on partner- ment, should make the decisions that matter ship. And if you’ll join hands with me to in life. Parents, not Government, should pass legal reform, we can get this country choose their children’s schools. I believe in moving in the right direction. school choice. And parents, not the Govern- And we’ve got to reform our welfare sys- ment, should choose who cares for their tem, make a connection between welfare children. Parents know better than some and work. And yes, we’re a compassionate bureaucrat in Washington, DC, and that’s why we fought for a child care bill that has country. We care. Americans care. And they choice as its fundamental practice. And yes, will support welfare for families in need. I still believe that there is a place for vol- But Americans want to see government at untary prayer in our children’s classrooms. every level work together to track down the And when things aren’t right, we’ve got to deadbeat dads, the ones who can’t be both- change them. ered to pay child support. They want to We’ve got to reform America’s health care see us somehow break this cycle, this pessi- system. And right now the quality, the qual- mistic cycle of dependency that destroys ity of American health care, is the best in dignity and passes down poverty from one the entire world, bar none. And the prob- generation to another generation and then lem? The problem is access to care. Too to another generation. That’s wrong. That’s many Americans, many with families, do not cruel. And we’re working to change it right have health insurance coverage. And you now. We’re encouraging the States to inno- know how even a short stay in the hospital vate with workfare, with plans that help can rip a hole right through a family’s budg- people break welfare dependency and begin et. learning, begin learning work skills. But socialized medicine is not the answer. This brings me, then, to what I’m sure If we wanted long lines and revolving-door we would all agree is the number one issue: health care, we’d put doctors to work down the economy and how we change it. We at the department of motor vehicles. You must help people worried about providing can go there every single day and get those long lines and revolving people coming in for their families, meeting the challenges of and out of there. Nationalized health care paying the bills and providing a home and

383 Mar. 5 / Administration of George Bush, 1992 setting aside for retirement. porary tax relief for 2 years, paid for by So, let me take a page from Richard a large permanent tax increase. Over in the Sendler’s book and tell it like it is. My pro- Senate, the bill the Democrats are working gram will put America back to work. My on is not much better than the one in the State of the Union Message put forth a two- House. And its centerpiece is, yes, you part plan that will get our economy running guessed it, a huge tax increase. And the last the way Richard Petty likes to move. My thing our economy needs now is a $100 plan says: U.S. economy, start your engines. billion tax hike. And when we carry out this plan, it’s going We drew a line in the sand in the Persian to carry our competitive American workers Gulf, and we kept our words. And I’m going and businesses all the way to the victory to draw another line in the sand right now. lane. If the Democrats send me a monstrosity The first part of the plan, some of you are familiar with it, aims to get business like the House bill, I will veto that bill the growing right now. I want an investment minute it hits my desk and send it right tax allowance, speed up depreciation. I want back to those people on Capitol Hill. Congress to quit punishing people who cre- Our plan has two parts. And I also call ate jobs, and thus, I want to see a cut on on Congress to pass the second part of our the capital gains tax and get this country economic plan, now. I stressed this in the back to work. State of the Union: short-term, quick, done And then there’s the proposal that can by March 20th; and a longer term, but I help get the housing market going again. want it passed now, things like education I’m feeling better about it, but it needs this: reform, support for enhanced research and a $5,000 tax credit for first-time home- development so we’ll be competitive in the buyers, money that will help people buy a years ahead, a $500 tax deduction to first home. And here’s what that credit, that strengthen the family for each child. $5,000 credit will mean to South Carolina: We must make America more competitive 3,400 housing starts, 6,600 jobs. And if Con- in the 21st century, helping us lead eco- gress passes my plan, the National Associa- nomically abroad so that we can succeed tion of Home Builders predicts 415,000 new economically at home. And some, of course, construction industry jobs and $20 billion, don’t want us to lead. They want to build $20 billion in new economy activity across a fence around America. Tell that to South America. Carolina. Here are an estimated 125,000 My plan will help people like the Greater trade-related jobs. And by closing our bor- Columbia Home Builders sell and build ders as my opponents would, we’d put those homes. And for the family looking to buy people out of work. And the U.S. trying that first home, that $5,000 credit means to build prosperity by turning its back on 8 months of mortgage payments on the average South Carolina home. I wish Con- the world is like your trying to build pros- gress, if they don’t do anything else, I wish perity without hammers and nails. Call it they would lay aside the politics of tax-and- protectionism or isolationism, both mean spend and give that one break to the Amer- surrender. And look closely. That is not the ican economy and watch homebuilding lead American flag they’re waving; it’s the white out of this slow economic time. flag of surrender. And that is not the Amer- Sadly, the liberal crowd that controls Con- ica that you or I know. We are going to gress doesn’t seem to understand the things stay engaged. We are going to sell abroad. that matter to you: your home, your busi- And of course, the playing field has to be ness, taking care of your kids. And other- level. Fair trade is the priority. My fight to wise last week’s House Democrats wouldn’t open trade markets is paying off for Ameri- have passed a bill which reminds me of the ca’s farmers and manufacturers. Our overall old joke: It’ll make builders sleep like ba- trade imbalance is down. Still got a ways to bies. They’ll wake up every hour and cry. go. Still need more access to foreign mar- [Laughter] kets. But look at these figures. In 1988, the Listen to the deal: 25 cents a day in tem- trade deficit stood at $119 billion. Today,

384 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / Mar. 5 it’s dropped to $66 billion, a 44-percent yes, we have challenges before us. But I drop. And I will continue to fight hard to guarantee you we’ll meet them head on, open up markets for our exports all around each and every one. And yes, there’s a big the world. And that’s the way to fight for election here on Saturday. And I don’t like South Carolina jobs and for South Carolina to see this many people gathered together families. without mentioning it. [Laughter] And Recently, Barbara and I saw a movie there’s another one in November. And I based on a book in South Carolina. I’m sure don’t want to come across as arrogant, but many of you saw it, ‘‘The Prince of Tides,’’ I believe I’m going to win. I believe I’m where the author writes, ‘‘the southern way going to win the election on Saturday. I of the spirit.’’ The southern way of the spir- believe I’m going to win the election in the it, to me, the southern spirit is optimistic. fall. It is confident. It is so clearly patriotic. And And I ask for your support to help keep you never run this country down. You don’t our party strong and united. I want to be believe in the politics of hate, either. And your President for 4 more years. I will try I think you’d agree that sometimes it’s im- my level-best to continue to lead this coun- portant to talk a little about what is right try with honor, with decency, with respect in America, and there is plenty to talk for the principles that all of us hold dear. about. Barbara and I are very, very privileged, Let’s talk for just a minute about the and we know it. Every single day we live bravest and best young men and women in that White House, we know that we are in America, the volunteer guardsmen and amongst the most privileged in the world reservists, the volunteer soldiers, sailors, and to be able to serve in this way. I’m going airmen who answered the call in Desert to continue to try my hardest. I’m going Storm. South Carolina’s young men and to continue to do my level-best for the peo- women answered that call by the thousands. ple of this country. I ask for your support. Their service told America and the world: Thank you, and may God bless the great- Never will America tuck tail and let aggres- est country on the face of the Earth. Thank sion stand. And we’ll do what’s right and you very much. good. And when we do so, we will prevail. Now, of course, there were those who [At this point, Richard Sendler presented didn’t support us then, and there are those the President with an oversized hammer.] who second-guess us now. But not you. Thank you all very, very much. I’ll take When our kids laid it all on the line, those this and flee and bring it to bear next week brave young men and women laid it all on on the Congress. Thanks a lot. the line, the people of South Carolina never wavered. And again, I want to thank South Carolinians for showing America at its best. Note: The President spoke at 10:37 a.m. at The country came together in victory. And the South Carolina State Fair Grounds. In that spirit of optimism, that can-do spirit, his remarks, he referred to Richard Sendler, must be our spirit as we lead this country president of the South Carolina Home out of the economic doldrums and into a Builders Association; Charles Newman, first prosperity, the likes of which we never vice president of the Home Builders Associa- would have seen. tion of Greater Columbia; Mike McMichael, And now in our fight to change America, president of the Home Builders Association we still have much to do. But I am abso- of South Carolina; and Dottie Lafitte- lutely confident we’ll get the job done. And Woolston, BUILD-PAC trustee.

385 Mar. 5 / Administration of George Bush, 1992

Remarks on Departure From Columbia, South Carolina March 5, 1992

Hey, listen, let me just ask you now to we’re off to Tennessee, Oklahoma, Mis- go out and be sure to vote on Saturday and sissippi, Louisiana, and then we’re going to send the rest of the Super Tuesday States get back for a great big Super Tuesday. But a strong message. I want to be your Presi- show them what we can do on Saturday. dent for 4 more years, so give me that vote. And thank you for this great Governor at And thanks for your fantastic support, and my side. Thank you all. don’t let all the doomsayers get you down. I love this South Carolina optimism, the Note: The President spoke at 1:10 p.m. at South Carolina pride, the South Carolina Columbia Metropolitan Airport. In his re- patriotism. marks, he referred to Gov. Carroll Camp- So thanks for this warm welcome. Now bell.

Remarks to Federal Express Employees in Memphis, Tennessee March 5, 1992

Thank you so very much. Thank you so values that are closest to our hearts. And much for that enthusiastic welcome. And I’m talking about job security. I’m talking thank you to my friend Howard Baker, one about family. I’m talking about world peace of the great leaders in the United States for us and our children and for our families Senate in all of its history. Thank you for for generations to come. the introduction, Howard. And may I salute I’m here today because the people in Congressman Don Sundquist, who has been Memphis, as well as people at Federal Ex- at my side in the political wars, a good press, embody the values that have made friend, a great Congressman. And I’m de- America number one in the world. And I lighted to be here at Federal Express, 1990 know that with leaders like you, America Malcolm Baldrige Quality Award winner, a will stay number one. Don’t listen to the national winner. gloom-and-doom pessimists on that evening My staff told me they weren’t sure they news every night. You don’t shrink from a could fit this stop in our schedule. But when challenge, whether in the marketplace or I said it was a ‘‘Fred said,’’ I knew we had in the world at large. Think back to a year to do it and fast. Fred, thank you. You ago. Think back to Operation Desert Storm. know, Fred Smith has always been very, America faced a great challenge then, and very generous. And Fred, it’s good to know Tennessee met it proudly. More than 6,000 that if Air Force One ever has a problem, Tennesseans served their country as reserv- I can always ride in the jump seat. And ists or members of the National Guard. And I hope I don’t forget the cookies. And you Fed Ex flew more missions than any other know what that means. single civilian carrier. And believe me, that The people of Memphis, indeed, all is not a contribution that America will ever Americans, face a momentous decision this forget. Thank you all very much and all of year. And I would never presume to tell you that helped make that possible. you how to vote; it must be between you What makes this city, this State, and this and your conscience: Which Elvis should be company so successful? It’s not hard to fig- on the postage stamp? I noticed the sign. ure out. Look closely at what happens right And really, it is a delight to be in this here at Federal Express. You seek out new State because the people of Tennessee be- technologies; you make them work. You see lieve in big things, and we agree on the job training not as a one-shot deal

386 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / Mar. 5 but as an ongoing process. And you set high first priority, is to get this economy moving, standards, constantly asking more of your- to create and preserve American jobs. And selves and your coworkers, and you’re satis- in my State of the Union Address in Janu- fied with nothing short of excellence. Inno- ary, I laid out a two-part plan for the eco- vation, that’s what being competitive is all nomic recovery. First, a short-term plan to about. strengthen the economy right now. And The key to success, to our success as a then, second, a longer term plan to keep Nation is competitiveness. And for some, America growing strong for years to come. that word, competitiveness, is just this year’s And my plan gets business moving again, political buzzword. Here in Memphis it’s a hiring again. It gets the housing market reality. Competitiveness is your key to lead- back on its feet with a $5,000 tax credit ership. And companies like this one here, for that first-time homebuyer. Give those Fed Ex, understand a central truth about young families a chance to own their own America: If we are to succeed economically home, commonsense proposals to get peo- at home, we must lead economically abroad. And that’s what you are doing. ple buying homes and then building homes. And here at Fed Ex that’s just common Fortunately, Congress can’t tie my hands sense. More than 1.5 million packages pass on everything. I’ve been able to take some through here everyday en route to all parts steps on my own. For example, I put a 90- of the globe. And Memphis, therefore, is day freeze on new Government regulations already America’s distribution center, and so that all major Cabinet Departments and now you’re becoming the world’s. And that Agencies can conduct a top-to-bottom re- means economic opportunity, and it means view. And I’ve given them some advice: jobs for the American people. Wherever possible, they must speed up any You know, in this political year, this politi- regulations that encourage economic growth cal year some people can’t seem to under- and scrap regulations that restrict economic stand that. They see the challenges of a growth in this country. global economy, and they say, ‘‘Let’s draw Overregulation robs the inventiveness and the blinds; bolt the doors. Maybe the world risk-taking the economy needs to grow. And will go away.’’ And they push protectionism, you all understand that better than anybody. an ugly word that really means surrender. For the first year, Fed Ex ran its business Don’t be fooled by the tough talk and the with 32 small planes. Any further expansion patriotic political bluster out there. Protec- was inhibited by air cargo regulations. And tionism comes from fear, fear that Ameri- deregulation allowed Fed Ex to buy more cans can’t compete, fear that Americans planes, larger planes for transport. And lit- have no ideas and no foresight, fear that erally, Federal Express took off when the America can no longer lead. And let those regulatory burden was lifted from their skeptics come to Memphis, Tennessee, and backs. And so, we’re going to energize our let them come to Federal Express and see what it really is about. And maybe then economy nationally the same way. The days they’ll understand what you and I already of overregulation are just that, they are know: Americans here and across our coun- over. try can outthink, outperform, outproduce And also there’s another thing on the anybody in the world. minds of the people in this great area, and Never in this country’s history have Amer- that means reforming our legal system. icans turned their back on a challenge. And When parents won’t coach Little League for we don’t run and hide. We compete. As fear of being slapped with a liability lawsuit long as I am President, we will continue and doctors stop delivering babies for fear to compete, and we will continue to com- of a malpractice suit, there is something pete. I don’t believe in protectionism, and wrong. And that’s why I’ve sent a bill to I don’t believe in isolationism. the Congress, supported by Don Sundquist, Yes, we’ve got a lot of work to do to keep to stop the frivolous lawsuits that drain our America on top. And of course, you know wallets and tear apart our society. And and I know that our biggest challenge, my here’s the bottom line: America won’t

387 Mar. 5 / Administration of George Bush, 1992 find its way out of this mess until we spend gress want to send that bill to me, I’ve got more time helping each other than we do a message for them: I will veto it, abso- suing each other. lutely, positively, overnight. We’ve got to also reform our health care No, the American people have had system. Anyone who’s had even a checkup enough of the old tax-and-spend, and they knows that medical costs are going right want to get our economy back on track. through the roof. And I believe all Ameri- And every day each one of you hears Fed- cans deserve quality health care. However, eral Express airplanes flying overhead. To too many families go without health care some people that might sound like noise, coverage. And our plan focuses on opening but it is music to my ears. It is the sound up access to health care to all Americans, of an economy on the move, an economy rich or poor. And some want to take us that is worldwide. It is the sound of Amer- down the road of nationalized health care, ican ingenuity taking off. and I think you and I both know that na- Since I took office, it has been my re- tionalized health care where Government sponsibility to work for what is right for makes all the decisions would be a national America. And I often go back, I expect we disaster. And so I say to the Congress, the all do as families—and I wish Barbara Bush Congress of the United States: The Amer- were with me to see this marvelous crowd ican people need your help, and now is not today—we often go back to the simple ideal the time for the Government to play doctor. that in our case, that my parents taught me: Give us an improved health care program Try your hardest. Be honest. Do your best. for this country. And let me tell you something: I’m not fin- I’d like them to do it now. But see, I ished yet. I want your support for 4 more know Congress can be a little slow doing years to finish this job. And I say to the things. [Laughter] That’s like the guy that people of Tennessee, together we’re going takes an hour and a half to watch ‘‘60 Min- to make a change, a change that for once utes.’’ [Laughter] So I gave them a deadline, Congress will believe in you and give you March 20th, to enact this short-term plan. values you believe in, give those values a And unfortunately for the American people, real chance to work. the Democrats, the liberals that control the Thank you for your hard work. Thank you Congress, had other ideas. Last week they all for this enthusiastic welcome and your passed a plan of their own. And here’s what continued support. And may God bless the it does: In exchange for a two-bit tax cut, greatest, freest country on the face of the literally about 25 cents a day per taxpayer, Earth, the United States of America. Thank they will raise another $100 billion in taxes. you so much. And they call that $100 billion new revenues. And I have another word for it: your money. [Laughter] Note: The President spoke at 2:35 p.m. at No matter how the the Democrats try to Memphis International Airport. In his re- dress it up, any economist can tell you the marks, he referred to Frederick W. Smith, last thing we need right now is a $100 bil- chairman and chief executive officer of Fed- lion tax hike. So if the Democrats in Con- eral Express.

Statement on Signing the Reclamation States Emergency Drought Relief Act of 1991 March 5, 1992

Today I am signing into law H.R. 355, the the Secretary of the Interior to take action ‘‘Reclamation States Emergency Drought in the Western States to protect and pre- Relief Act of 1991.’’ This bill provides, for serve a period of 10 years, general authority for

388 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / Mar. 5 fish and wildlife habitat and assist farmers is needed. and urban dwellers in overcoming drought I note, however, that section 204(a) pur- conditions. In addition, the bill provides ports to require that the Secretary of the permanent authority for the Secretary to Interior submit certain drought contingency prepare drought contingency plans in con- plans to the Congress, together with the sultation with States, Indian tribes, and Secretary’s recommendations for legislation. other entities for the prevention or mitiga- The Constitution grants to the President the tion of the adverse effects of drought condi- power to recommend to the Congress such tions. measures as he judges necessary and expe- As I sign this bill, some areas in our West- dient. Thus, provisions such as the one con- ern States, notably in California, are facing tained in this bill have been treated as advi- their 6th consecutive year of drought condi- sory and not mandatory. I will therefore in- tions. The authorities granted by this bill terpret section 204(a) accordingly. will allow the Federal Government greater Section 204(b), which purports to allow flexibility in utilizing the facilities of the the Secretary of the Interior to approve cer- Federal reclamation program and the retain drought contingency plans only at the sources of the Department of the Interior request of the Governor of the affected to assist the States and other non-Federal State, could be construed to permit the ex- entities fighting the ravages of drought. This ercise of Executive power by Governors, bill allows us to be the good neighbors that who are not appointed pursuant to the Ap- we should be in time of common need. It pointments Clause of the Constitution. In is in the American tradition that neighbor order to avoid constitutional questions that helps neighbor in times of burden. We will might otherwise arise, I will interpret the not stand by and see either our local econo- role of Governors under this provision to mies and jobs literally ‘‘dried up’’ by be an advisory one. drought or our valuable refuges and wet- I also note that the Department of Agri- lands parched by lack of water. culture conducts drought contingency plan- We are fortunate that, in the last few ning and administers drought assistance weeks, the water supply situation in Califor- programs in agricultural areas. New plan- nia has improved. So I am pleased to an- ning and technical assistance activities initi- nounce that today Secretary Lujan will ated by the Department of the Interior will make available additional allocations of of course be coordinated with the Depart- more than 1 million acre feet of water. This ment of Agriculture and other affected de- will enable us to deliver project water to partments and agencies. agriculture in the Central Valley—without sacrificing any allocations provided for other GEORGE BUSH uses. This is only a first step—but a very positive one for California agriculture. I The White House, have asked Secretary Lujan to continue to March 5, 1992. assess the water supply situation and to keep me informed of any opportunity to Note: H.R. 355, approved March 5, was as- provide additional Federal water where it signed Public Law No. 102–250.

Statement by Press Secretary Fitzwater on the Kissimmee Basin Restoration Project March 5, 1992

The President is pleased to announce that ida to restore a major portion of the lower the Federal Government has reached in Kissimmee Basin. The project envisioned principle agreement with the State of Flor- would restore 66 miles of river and 29,000

389 Mar. 5 / Administration of George Bush, 1992 acres of wetlands. It will help benefit over retary of the Army Nancy P. Dorn will meet 300 species and create jobs in the process. with Governor Chiles to iron out the details. We are prepared to agree to a plan which But we are ready to move forward with a will implement this project in partnership project that is good for Florida’s environ- with the State, with many of the costs ment and good for its economy, too. shared fifty-fifty. Tomorrow, Assistant Sec-

Nomination of I. Lewis Libby, Jr., To Be Deputy Under Secretary of Defense for Policy March 5, 1992

The President today announced his inten- at the U.S. Department of State as Director tion to nominate I. Lewis Libby, Jr., of the of Special Projects at the Bureau of East District of Columbia, to be Deputy Under Asian & Pacific Affairs, 1982–1985, and on Secretary of Defense for Policy. This is a the Policy Planning Staff in the Office of new position. the Secretary, 1981–1982. Currently Mr. Libby serves as Principal Mr. Libby graduated from Yale College Deputy Under Secretary for Strategy and (B.A., 1972) and Columbia University Resources at the U.S. Department of De- School of Law (J.D., 1975). He was born fense in Washington, DC. Prior to this Mr. August 22, 1950, in New Haven, CT. Mr. Libby served as a partner with the law firm Libby is married and resides in Washington, of Dickstein, Shapiro & Morin in Washing- DC. ton, DC, 1985–1989. In addition, he served

Remarks at a Bush-Quayle Rally in Oklahoma City, Oklahoma March 6, 1992

The President. Thank you, Senator Nick- Johnson has been today. And a special les, for that kind introduction. May I salute thanks to George Wesley, who we just our State chairman, Clinton Key, and fi- heard doing a superb job singing the na- nance chairman, Ed Lawson. And I’m tional anthem. But most of all, thanks to pleased to share this stage this morning with every one of you who got up at all hours some of this State’s finest: State Representa- this morning to come to Edmond, from Elk tive Larry Ferguson, Mayor Norick of Okla- City to Enid and towns all across Oklahoma, homa City, Mayor Randal Shannon of Ed- to show your support. And a special wel- mond, and Commissioners Watts and Bob come to all the students here from Okla- Anthony. Welcome to all of them and, last homa Christian. One question. One ques- but not least, Treasurer Claudette Henry. tion, just one question: Is it too late to audi- And I also want to express my deep appreciation to your hometown Congressman, tion for the spring sing? Mickey Edwards, who couldn’t be here Well, let’s talk about our country. We are today because he’s back in Washington par- in a battle for our future, and I am deter- ticipating in the budget debate and helping mined that America should leave young me hold the line on Federal spending. people like you the best possible legacy. And may I also salute two friends of long And we want America to lead the world standing, Ed and Thelma Gaylord. This in good jobs with productive work. And we square is a fitting tribute to Thelma, and want to remain a force for world peace and I think we’re all very grateful to them. And finally, let me note what a great host Terry

390 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / Mar. 6 freedom. And we are fighting—and we will and the House, and they need it, I’ll admit, continue to—to protect our most basic insti- open their sessions every day with prayer. tution, which is the family. And that’s why Why can’t we have a voluntary prayer in this year of decision is so important for the classroom? America. And let me be clear: Parents, parents, not In next Tuesday’s primary election and some bureaucrat in Washington, DC, knows November’s general election, you will hold what is best for the kids. And that’s why this future of this country, your future, in we worked hard to win a child care bill your own hands. And I’m asking you to get that provides parents the right to choose out to vote and create a resounding man- who provides the care. We know America date for transforming America. Let’s nomi- is first as long as we put the family first. nate and elect men and women who share Now, back to Congress, regrettably. For our values. We’ve got much more to do to 3 years I’ve had to fight the liberal leader- get America on the right track. So, I’m ask- ship of the Congress, one party having con- ing you for 4 more years as your President trolled that Congress for most of the last of this great country. 50 years. And I will continue to stand for Audience members. Four more years! principle no matter how daunting the odds. Four more years! Four more years! We have fought; we’ve put judges on the The President. This country was built on bench who know their rule is to interpret faith, family, and freedom, and we must the law, not to legislate from the Federal renew those sources of our strength. And bench. And I’m going to keep on doing that. we must allow common sense to prevail. For example, in our welfare system, re- And let me be clear to those here and store the connection between welfare and those that are not here but might be listen- work. Americans are not cold-hearted. ing: I will use the veto when I have to, We’re a caring people. Americans support to stand for principle, to stand up for family welfare and families in need. But we want values. Sometimes even my friends said I to see government at every level work to- was flirting with defeat by casting a veto gether to track down the deadbeat fathers, instead of cutting out a deal. But we’ve the ones who can’t be bothered to pay their never lost a veto fight, and I will never hesi- child support. And most important, we’ve tate to use the veto when principle is at got to break the cycle of dependency that stake. destroys dignity and passes down poverty And so, here we go again. The liberal from one generation to the next. That’s leadership of the Congress is once again on wrong. That’s cruel. And we’re working to a collision course with my veto. You remem- change it. The way we’re doing that is to ber when I asked Congress to pass tax cuts encourage States to innovate with workfare and incentives to really stimulate this econ- and plans that help people break that de- omy, to get it moving, to get real estate pendency, begin learning work skills. Let’s up and running, to reward risk takers who help those families. create good jobs. It’s time to quit punishing And we will continue to fight for the par- people who create jobs. We ought to cut ents’ right to choose their children’s schools, the tax on the capital gains. school choice. We’ve got a great education But as Don Nickles knows because he’s program, and school choice is at the heart fighting against them every day, instead of of America 2000, our strategy to literally passing my plan, the big spenders who con- revolutionize American education. trol the Congress had other ideas, and they Today, March 6th, is a World Day of pushed through one of their own. And Prayer. And I think it says something that here’s what’s in it for you: a tiny temporary the World Day of Prayer is observed a lot tax cut, 25 cents, a quarter a day for each more frequently here in this community man, woman, and child. And here’s the than it is in Washington, DC. You know catch: You can keep that quarter in ex- there’s something wrong when our kids can- change for $100 billion in new taxes. The not participate in voluntary prayer in the Democrats call that new revenue, and I call classrooms across this country. The Senate it your money. And we are not going to let

391 Mar. 6 / Administration of George Bush, 1992 that happen. ers. It is in the national security interest If you feel the way I do, write your Con- of the United States to do this. gress, and then tell him to keep the change I am not going to sit around waiting for and keep your hands off of the taxpayers’ the congressional leadership to help the wallets. Unless I haven’t been clear. If they economy, though. Our administration has send me the bill, anything like the one that been reviewing what we can do under exist- came out of the House, I’m going to veto ing laws to help. And in the natural gas it faster than an Oklahoma twister and send industry—help that get moving again as it right back. well. And so, today we’re going to announce And remember, I have set a deadline to several new actions that will eliminate some the Congress: March 20th. And I have said of the regulatory barriers that have ham- to the Congress: Pass our plan, get our pered the gas industry. And these actions economy moving, set the politics aside for just a minute—and then we can fight about will provide significant relief to industry, but it politically from now on—and do some- they are no substitute for prompt action by thing for the American people. Congress to pass my energy legislation. You’ve probably got some Will Rogers We’re going to fight as we must, and we students around here, but I know Will Rog- will win. And in the world today, if we want ers once said it was better to have termites to succeed economically right here at home, in your house than the legislature in session. we’ve got to lead economically abroad. Each [Laughter] But this time there’s no way day, more and more American jobs are tied around it. Congress has got work, its work to trade, to international trade. And that’s to do to get this country moving. the case here in Oklahoma. In the past 4 And I know full well how difficult times years, Oklahoma’s exports have jumped by have been in the past few years in this State 75 percent. for the people in the oil and gas business, And today, 75,000 Oklahoma jobs are tied for example. And our domestic oil and gas to trade. And remember, every billion dol- industry is important to our national econ- lars more in manufactured exports means omy. It’s important; it is vital to our national 20,000 new jobs here. And each extra billion security. And all of us share an interest in dollars in agricultural exports means thou- a national energy strategy that will keep sands more jobs on Oklahoma ranches and America strong and keep us competitive. farms and in the Oklahoma agribusiness. And it’s a commonsense plan, ours is, that And so, some of my opponents are out will help both consumers and producers. there peddling protectionism, a retreat from Congress has been slow to act on our en- economic reality. And you cut through all ergy strategy, but finally it’s beginning to the patriotic posturing and the political move. And so, I’d like to ask all of the peo- promising and all the tough talk about fight- ple of Oklahoma to join me and Don Nick- les and Mickey and help us put the heat ing back by shutting out foreign goods. on Congress to get our energy initiatives Well, look closely. That is not the American in place. flag they are waving; it is the white flag Without getting too technical, I also want of surrender. And we must not have it. That action on an issue absolutely vital to Okla- is not the America that you and I know. homa energy producers. This is technical, We don’t cut and run; we compete. And but it’s important. The alternative minimum never in this Nation’s long history have we tax as applied to the energy industry is hurt- turned our backs on a challenge. And we ing our economy and helping no one. It are not going to let them start doing it to is unfair to the independent producers. And us now. it’s costing us jobs. And Don Nickles under- I put my faith in the American worker. stands this problem, and he’s been in the Level the playing field, and the American lead to get it solved. And so, let me assure worker will outthink, outproduce, and out- you, I will work with Don to get the Con- perform anyone, anywhere, anytime. So, gress to reform this tax provision and re- let’s back those workers with free and fair store fair treatment to our energy produc- trade.

392 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / Mar. 6

We’re strong. We’re strong because we And never would this country tuck tail and value faith, family, and freedom. We are let aggression stand. And America did what the world’s greatest power because when- was right and just and good, and America ever our values are threatened, we fight to prevailed. defend them. And we need to keep our de- And we’re bringing that same spirit to the fenses strong. In my State of the Union fight that we face today. And so, let my Message, I proposed far-reaching but still opponents go out there and tell us every- responsible cuts to bring our Armed Forces thing that’s wrong about our country. Let into line with the new realities of the world. them try to win by tearing down our great These cuts were based on recommendations fabric. My opponents sound the retreat, run from the Joint Chiefs of Staff, from Colin from realities, seek refuge in a world of pro- Powell, from Secretary Cheney, all who tectionism and high taxes and big Govern- have performed superbly. But now the lib- ment. Let them drone on about what’s erals, true to form, want to put down this scalpel on that kind of cut and pick up a wrong in America. We know what is right meat ax. And I am not going to let that about the United States of America. happen. We are going to keep America Once again, I’m proud to be on this cam- strong. And you can count on it. pus. And let me close with just a couple You see, as President, and I’m sure all of words right from the heart. In the first of you all know this, I have a constitutional place, I think my wife is a fantastic First responsibility for the national security of this Lady of the United States. But we are country. And as long as I am President, I blessed. She and I are blessed to serve this guarantee you we will have defenses strong great Nation of ours at a moment when so enough to meet our responsibilities. We many of the old fears have been driven were ready last year, and an unforeseen sit- away, when so many new hopes stand with- uation arose when Iraq’s brutal dictator in- in our reach. And since the day I took the vaded Kuwait. And we will be ready when oath of office, I made it my duty always we face the next crisis. Do not let them to try to do what is right for this country. cut the heart out of our defenses. And I’ve given it my level-best. And I am We must let the world know this: What- not done yet. ever the challenge, America will stay strong. You and I have more work ahead before We are in it to win. And make no mistake we’ve finished our mission. And it’s a battle about this, don’t listen to these politicians for our future. It’s about jobs for your fu- on the other side who tell you we’re in de- ture. It’s about the family. It is about world cline. You travel anywhere around the peace. world, and you will find we are the undis- And together, I think we’ve made a great puted, respected leader of the free world. beginning to renew the miracle of American And we’re going to stay that way. enterprise and to strengthen our values of Think back to a year ago, the calm after family, faith, and freedom. And I am count- Desert Storm. Ask any one of the proud ing on Oklahomans, you young people espe- sons and daughters of this great State of Oklahoma, ask any of the young people cially, to reject the ugly politics of hate from this campus who became liberators of that’s rearing its head again: anti-Semitism, Kuwait. And they’ll tell you military strength bigotry. They have no place in the United doesn’t mean a thing without moral support States of America. right here at home. And let me say America And now we’re approaching an hour of is proud of the Oklahoma 45th, the 45th decision next week. Don’t wait until No- Brigade, and proud of the decision this vember. I’m asking you to vote on Tuesday week to keep that brigade in service. in the Republican primary. Give me your Of course, there are those who didn’t sup- vote in this important election next Tuesday, port us then; I can understand that. There and help me win 4 more years to lead the are those who second-guess us now. But fight for the values we share. not here, not in Oklahoma. When I drew Thank you, and may God bless the United that line in the sand, you stood with me. States of America, the freest and

393 Mar. 6 / Administration of George Bush, 1992 fairest and strongest country on the face of marks, he referred to Edward L. Gaylord, the Earth. president of Oklahoma Publishing Co., and Thank you very, very much. his wife, Thelma; and J. Terry Johnson, president of Oklahoma Christian University Note: The President spoke at 9:13 a.m. at of Science and Arts. Oklahoma Christian University. In his re-

Remarks at Louisiana State University in Baton Rouge, Louisiana March 6, 1992

Thank you very much. So pleased to be Let me just comment about what we’re introduced by your Congressman and my doing. We’re in a battle for our future. I’m chairman, Richard Baker, doing a great job determined that America should leave up there in Washington. And I want to sa- young people like you the best possible leg- lute two other great Congressmen, Bob Liv- acy. We want America to lead the world ingston and Jim McCrery. What a job in good jobs with productive work. And we they’re doing for the people of Louisiana. want to remain a force for world peace and And we brought back to Louisiana with us freedom. And we are fighting to protect our another of Louisiana’s sons, Jim McCrery, most basic institution, the American family. and secretary of state Fox McKeithen right And that’s why, really, I would say to all here, whose dad used to be Governor, and of you, no matter who you are for in this also Henson Moore, my Deputy Chief of process, that’s why this year of decision is Staff, who represented Baton Rouge in the so important for our country. In next Tues- Congress. He now serves as our Deputy day’s primary election and November’s gen- Chief of Staff there in the White House. eral election, you will hold the future of And Chancellor Davis, thank you, sir, for this country, your future, in your hands. letting us come to this beautiful campus, And I’m asking you to get out the vote and and thank all of you for the warm welcome. create a resounding mandate for transform- Let me just say, when I saw the Tiger ing America. Let us nominate men and descending, it is great to be back in Tiger women, and elect men and women, who territory. And let me be very clear why I share our fundamental values. And we’ve am here: Four more years. That’s what we got much more to do to get America on want. And I’m so pleased to see two that the right track. And so, I’m asking you for were in the White House not so long ago, 4 more years as your President to finish Coach Brown and Shaquille, the ‘‘Shaq At- tack’’ O’Neal. Shaq didn’t think I’d come the job. down for his birthday, did he? [Laughter] Somehow I think Louisianians understand Right? this, but this country was built on faith and And I wonder if I have any Deke frater- family and freedom. And we must renew nity brothers out here. As I was driving— those sources of our strength. And we must now, wait just a minute—as I was driving allow common sense to prevail. past the fraternity house, I heard him shout- For example, in our welfare system, re- ing: Four more years! And that’s brother- store the connection between welfare and hood for you, I thought. And then, Barbara work. Americans aren’t cold hearted. We said what they were really saying was: Four are a caring people, and we support help for more beers! [Laughter] I think my frater- those families in need. But we want to see nity, I think the Dekes get a bad rap. Some government at every level work together, for would compare to them to ‘‘Animal House,’’ example, to track down the deadbeat fa- you know. They ought to take a look at thers, the ones who cannot be bothered to what happens up on Capitol Hill. pay child support. But more important,

394 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / Mar. 6 we’ve got to break the cycle of dependency once again on a collision course with my that destroys dignity and passes down pov- veto. You remember I asked the Congress erty from one generation to the next. That’s to pass tax cuts and incentives to get this wrong. That’s cruel. And we’ve got to keep stagnant economy moving, to get real estate working to change it. And so we’re encour- up and running, to reward those that go aging States to innovate with workfare and out and take the risks, the risk-takers who with plans that help people break welfare create good jobs. And it’s time to quit pun- dependency and begin learning and work ishing people who create jobs. And so I say skills. cut the tax on capital gains and start a lot So anyway, we’re going to continue to of new businesses. fight for the parents’ rights. We’re going But instead of passing my plan, the to fight for the parents’ rights to choose spenders who control the Congress had their children’s schools, school choice. other ideas. And they pushed through one We’ve got a great education program to of their own. And here’s what’s in it for help revolutionize the schools. School people who work for a living: a tiny tem- choice is at the heart of America 2000, our porary tax cut, 25 cents a day, a quarter strategy to literally revolutionize American a day for each man, woman, and child in education. America. But here’s the catch. You can keep And let’s get our priorities right. There’s that quarter in exchange for $100 billion something wrong. Our kids cannot partici- in new taxes. Now, they call that new reve- pate in voluntary prayer in the classroom, nue. I call it your money. and we need to change that. I will admit And if you feel the way I do, tell the that they need it, but both the House of Congress to keep the change and keep their Representatives and the Senate open their hands off the taxpayers’ wallets. And just sessions with a prayer. And Congress needs so I am clear with the Congress on this, it, I will admit, but I think it ought to be let me say right here in Louisiana, but true for voluntary prayer in the classrooms. beamed to Washington, DC: If the liberals Parents, not some bureaucrat in Washing- send me their scheme, I’ll send it back the ton, really know what is best for their chil- minute it reaches my desk. I will veto it. dren. And that’s why I worked to win a I will slam dunk it faster than L.S.U. can child care bill that provides parents the say ‘‘cha-ching.’’ right to choose who provides the care. We Remember, I’ve set a deadline, March know America is first as long as we put 20th. And I’ve said to the Congress: Pass the family first. So everything I do is going our plan. Get our economy moving. Do to be shaped at strengthening the American something now for the American people. family. And let me say this: It’s tough this time As Bob and Jim and Richard know, for of year, right before a primary election, but 3 years I’ve had to fight the liberal leader- let’s set the politics aside long enough to ship of the Congress. And I will continue take these few selective steps to stimulate to stand for principle no matter how the economy, and then we can put the poli- daunting the odds. We’ve fought, and we’ve tics in place for the fall. But let’s stimulate put judges, for example, on the Federal the American economy and get people back bench who know their rule is to interpret to work. the law, not to legislate from the Federal But we will fight. I like a good fight. And bench. And I’ll use the veto when I have we will fight as we must, and we will win. to, to stand for principle, to stand up for And in the world today, if we want to suc- these values. Sometimes even my friends ceed economically at home—we must—we said I was flirting with defeat by casting have got to lead economically abroad. Each a veto instead of cutting a deal. But we’ve day, more and more American jobs are tied never lost a veto fight, and I’ll never hesi- to trade. Remember this one: Every billion tate to use the veto when principle is at dollars more in manufactured exports means stake. That’s the only way we can change 20,000 new jobs, and each extra billion dol- the direction of the Congress. lars in agricultural exports means thousands The liberal leadership of the Congress is more jobs on Louisiana farms and

395 Mar. 6 / Administration of George Bush, 1992 in Louisiana agribusiness. We must let the world know this: What- But my opponents are peddling protec- ever the challenge—and we’re facing some tionism, a retreat from economic reality. right now if you look around the world— And you can cut through all the patriotic whatever the challenge, America will stay posturing, all the tough talk about fighting strong. America is in it to win. back and bashing somebody by shutting out Think back to just about one year ago foreign goods, but look closely. That’s not today, the calm after Desert Storm. Ask any the American flag they are waving; it is the one of the proud sons and daughters of white flag of surrender. And that is not the Louisiana, more than 250 from right here America that you and I know. And clearly, at L.S.U., ask any one of those young peo- when you look around the world, it is not ple from this campus who became the lib- the way of the future for young Americans. erators of Kuwait, and they’ll tell you: Mili- America doesn’t cut and run. We compete. tary strength doesn’t mean a thing without And never in our long history have we the moral support right here at home. turned our backs on a challenge, and we And yes, there are some revisionists out simply are not going to start that now. there trying to rewrite history now. And of I put my faith in your talent to compete: course, there were those who didn’t support Level the playing field, and Americans will us back then. There are those who second- outthink, outproduce, and outperform any- guess us now. But not here, not across this one, anywhere, anytime. State of Louisiana. When I drew that line As I said earlier, we’re strong because we in the sand, you stood with me. And never value faith, family, and freedom. We’re the would this country tuck tail and let aggres- world’s greatest power, the world’s greatest sion stand. America did what was right and power because whenever our values are good and just, and we prevailed. And we threatened, we fight to defend them. We are today the envy of the world, people need to keep our defenses strong. In my looking to us to defend freedom and de- State of the Union Message, I proposed some far-reaching but still very responsible mocracy wherever it may be. cuts to bring our Armed Forces into line And now we’ve got to bring that same with the new realities of the world. I based victorious spirit, that same ‘‘America to- my recommendations to Congress on the gether’’ spirit to fight the problems we face unanimous opinion of the Joint Chiefs of today. And so let my opponents sound re- Staff; of their able Chairman, Colin Powell; treat, run from the new realities, seek ref- of our Defense Secretary. And we sent this uge in a world of protectionism, high taxes, program up that will keep our defense big Government. Let them drone on about strong but still make cuts in defense; be- what’s wrong in America. We know what cause of what’s happened around the world, is right about this country. we can do that. But the liberals, true to The spirit of Desert Storm brought us to- form, want to put down the scalpel and pick gether, Americans of every color and creed. up a meat ax. We cannot let that happen. And I’m asking you young people to do all We must keep America strong. I’ll do that, you can to keep this country united, make and you can count on it. Who knows where it a land of harmony for years to come. the next threat comes from? And that means right now, every one of For those of you studying government, us, I don’t care, South, North, East, or you know this: As President, I have a con- West, every one of us must stand up and stitutional responsibility for the national se- say no to the politics of prejudice and hate curity of this country. And as long as I am and anti-Semitism and bigotry. They have President of the United States, I guarantee no place in America. you we are going to have defenses strong Let me close with just a few words from enough to meet our responsibilities. We the heart. Barbara and I are blessed, we were ready when Iraq’s brutal dictator in- are blessed to—and I might say I think the vaded Kuwait, and we will be ready when First Lady is doing a first-class job, if that’s we face the next crisis. We must not cut all right. No, but I know she feels this way, into the muscle of our defense. and I do. We are blessed to serve this great

396 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / Mar. 6

Nation of ours at a moment when so many values of family and faith and freedom. Now of the old fears have been driven away, we’re approaching an hour of decision. Now when so many new hopes stand within our it gets into the political trenches, next week. reach. Every day, and this is the gospel So don’t wait until November, I’m asking truth, we still say our prayers. But every you to vote in Tuesday on the Republican day I thank God that young people like you primary. And give me your vote in this im- will be able to follow your dreams without portant election next Tuesday. Help me win the nightmare of nuclear holocaust hanging 4 more years to lead the fight for the values over us as it did just a few years ago. And we share. since the day I took the oath of office, I Thank you, and may God bless the United made it my duty to try, to try hard always States of America, the freest, the fairest, to do what is right for this country. And the most decent country on the face of the I’ve given it my level-best, and I am not Earth. Thank you all. done yet. You and I have more work ahead before we’ve finished our mission. It’s a battle for Note: The President spoke at 12:55 p.m. in our future. It’s about jobs for your future. Pete Maravich Arena. In his remarks, he It’s about the family. It’s about world peace. referred to William E. Davis, chancellor of Together, I believe we have made a great the university, and head coach Dale Brown beginning to renew the miracle of the and center Shaquille O’Neal of the L.S.U. American enterprise and to strengthen our Tigers basketball team.

Remarks at a Bush-Quayle Rally in Jackson, Mississippi March 6, 1992

Thank you all. Thank you, Governor. And Washington as head of the Rural Electrifica- may I pay my respects to Governor Fordice, tion Administration. His farming, his ranch- thank him for that introduction, and tell him ing, his manufacturing, and Government ex- how glad I am to be working with him to perience make him the perfect choice to help solve the many problems of our Na- lead the REA. Insured loans and loan guar- tion. And it’s great to be with you, Kirk, antees have helped provide service to and of course with the First Lady, Pat. You 600,000 customers in Mississippi, so it is both are off to a wonderful start for this fitting that a native son of Mississippi takes State. And to the Lieutenant Governor, on this important job. Lieutenant Governor Briggs, and to Mayor Now, about the business at hand, it’s re- Charles Evers, it’s an honor to share the freshing to be here. And it’s always refresh- stage. And then I see some of our Mis- ing to get away from Washington. I share sissippi Bush-Quayle team, my dear friend your pride in your new Governor, Kirk Clarke Reed and Evelyn McPhail and Ann Fordice. You see, he’s a commonsense lead- Wilson. And thank you, Reverend Felder, er who shares our values and visions for for the invocation; to Anna McDonald for America’s future. And these values, if you her beautiful singing; Jerry Clower, who had do your history, these values have changed you all in stitches, doing a great emceeing the world. And we need them now to job. And may I thank the Mississippi Valley change America. State band and also Pearl High School. We’re in a battle for our future. We’re Thank you all for the great music. determined to leave our kids the best pos- I know of the interest in agriculture here, sible legacy. And we want America to lead and I have an announcement of interest to the world in good jobs with productive Mississippians. I will nominate Jim Huff of work. And we want to remain a force for Taylorsville to join my administration in world peace and freedom. And we’re fight-

397 Mar. 6 / Administration of George Bush, 1992 ing to protect our most basic institution, the the House there and the Senate both open American family. And that’s why this year their daily sessions with a prayer. But of decision is so important for America. And there’s something wrong when our kids can- that’s why next Tuesday’s election, the pri- not participate in voluntary prayer in the mary election, and then the November gen- classrooms of the United States of America. eral election are vital to our future. And And we need to change that. I’m asking you to get out the vote and cre- You see, parents, not some bureaucrat in ate a resounding mandate for transforming Washington, know what is best for their America. Let’s nominate and elect men and children. And that’s why I worked to win women who share our values. We’ve got a child care bill, a good one, that provides much more to do to get America on the parents the rights to choose who provides right track. And so I’m asking you for 4 the care. And we know America is first as more years as President of the United long as we put the family first. States. For 3 years I’ve had to fight the liberal This country was built on faith and family leadership of Congress. And I’m going to and freedom, and we must renew those continue to stand for the principle, no mat- sources of our strength. We must allow ter how daunting the odds. We fought, and common sense to prevail in our welfare sys- we put judges on the bench who know the tem, restore the connection between wel- rule is to interpret the law, not to legislate fare and work. Americans aren’t cold- from the Federal bench. I’m delighted that hearted; we’re a caring people. We support David Souter and Clarence Thomas are now those families that need help. But we want members of the Supreme Court. to see government at every level work together to track down those deadbeat dads, And also another point: I’ll use the veto the ones who can’t be bothered to pay the when I have to, to stand for principle, to child support. And we’ve got to break the stand up for family values. And sometimes cycle of dependency that destroys dignity even my friends said I was flirting with de- and passes down poverty from one genera- feat by casting a veto instead of cutting a tion to the next. That’s wrong. It is cruel. deal. But we’ve never lost a veto fight, and And we’ve got to work together, coming to- I will never hesitate to use the veto when gether to change it. We’re encouraging principle is at stake. States—full cooperation from the Gov- Now, I’m sure you all have been reading ernor—to innovate with workfare, with in the papers, once again the liberal leader- plans that help people break that depend- ship of the Congress is on a collision course ency and begin learning work skills. with my veto. You remember I asked Con- And we will continue also in another front gress to pass tax cuts and incentives, invest- to fight for parents’ right to choose their ment incentives to get this economy moving schools, school choice. School choice is at again, and that means pass a new invest- the heart of America 2000, our strategy to ment tax allowance. To get real estate up literally revolutionize American education. and running, that means pass incentives like And my wife, Barbara, recently joined Gov- a $5,000 tax credit for those first-time ernor Fordice and your lovely First Lady, homebuyers, those young marrieds that Pat, in the town of Winona to kick off Mis- want to buy their home for the first time. sissippi 2000, your own State’s commitment It means rewarding risk to those who create to fundamental reform. We’re going to stay jobs, and that means cut the tax on capital the course and help every single kid in gains so we can get more businesses going. America have the best possible education. But instead of passing my plan, the big That means you. spenders who control the United States Today, March 6th, is a World Day of Congress had other ideas. They pushed Prayer. And I think it’s quite a commentary through one of their own. And here’s what’s on things that the World Day of Prayer is in it for you: a tiny temporary tax cut, 25 observed a lot more fervently in Mississippi cents, a quarter a day for each man, and in our State of Texas than it is in Wash- woman, and child in America. And here’s ington, DC. And speaking of Washington, the catch: You can keep that quarter in

398 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / Mar. 6 exchange for $100 billion in new taxes. And I put my faith in the American work- Now, the Democrats call that new revenue. er. Level the playing field, and the Amer- And I call it your money. If you feel the ican worker will outthink, outproduce, and way I do, tell the Congress, ‘‘Keep the outperform anyone, anywhere, anytime. change, and keep your hands off the tax- And you know what Dizzy Dean said, ‘‘It payers’ wallets.’’ ain’t bragging if you can back it up.’’ Now, right here in Mississippi, you don’t No, we’re America. We’re in the State take storm warnings lightly. Hurricanes and of Mississippi. And because we’re strong, tornadoes, nothing to trifle with. Well, Con- because we value faith and family and free- gress better not mistake my veto warning. dom, we’re the world’s greatest power. Be- The storm flags are flying. And if the lib- cause whenever our values are threatened, erals send me that tax bill, I’ll send it back we fight to defend them. We need to keep faster than a Mississippi whirlwind. And I our defenses strong. In my State of the will veto it the very day that I receive it. Union Message, I proposed far-reaching but And let me say to the Congressmen that still responsible cuts to bring our Armed might be listening up there in Washington: Forces into line with the new realities of Remember, I’ve set a deadline, March 20th. the world. But the liberals, true to form, And I’ve said to you all: Pass our plan. Get want to put down the scalpel and pick up our economy moving. Do something for the a meat ax, and we cannot let that happen American people. Set politics aside and to the defenses of this country. I will keep stimulate this economy so the men and America strong, and you can count on it. women of Mississippi and across our coun- As President, I have a constitutional re- try will have more jobs. sponsibility for the national security of this I like a good fight. And we’ll fight if we country. And as long as I am President, I must, and we will win. And we’ll keep to guarantee you we will have defenses strong our course of leadership in the world econ- enough to meet our responsibilities. We omy, and that’s absolutely a must if we’re going to succeed economically at home. were ready when Iraq’s brutal dictator in- Trade with our neighbors, trade with the vaded Kuwait, and we will be ready when world is vital. It is absolutely essential here we face the next crisis; make no mistake in Mississippi. about it. We must let the world know this: A couple of months ago, I visited Peavey Whatever the challenge, America will stay Electronics in Meridian. And they told me strong. We are the undisputed, trusted lead- 40 percent of their sales are exports. Across er of the world. And as President, I will the State, 45,000 jobs now depend on ex- keep it that way. ports. And remember, every billion dollars Think back a year ago, think back just more in manufactured exports means 20,000 a year ago to the calm after Desert Storm. new jobs, and each extra billion dollars in Ask any one of the proud sons and daugh- agricultural exports means thousands more ters of Mississippi who became the lib- jobs on Mississippi farms and in Mississippi erators of Kuwait, and they will tell you agribusiness. military strength doesn’t mean a thing with- But my opponents are peddling protec- out moral support right here at home. tionism, a retreat from economic reality. And yes, we all know there were those And you cut through all the campaign state- who didn’t support us then. There are those ments and the patriotic posturing and all who second-guess us now. But not here, not the tough talk about fighting back by shut- in the State of Mississippi. And when I drew ting out foreign goods. Look closely. That that line in the sand, you stood with me. is not the American flag they’re waving; it And never would this country tuck tail and is the white flag of surrender. And that is let aggression stand. America did what was not the America that you and I know. We right and good and just, and America pre- do not cut and run; we compete. Never in vailed. this Nation’s long history have we turned And we’re bringing that same spirit to the our backs on a challenge, and we are not fight we face today. I want you to join me. going to start doing that now. Bring that same Desert Storm spirit to

399 Mar. 6 / Administration of George Bush, 1992 solving these problems at home, and let our the day I took the oath of office I made opponents sound the retreat, run from the it my duty always to try to do my best, realities, seek refuge in a world of protec- try to do what is right for this country. I’ve tionism and high taxes and big Government. given it my level-best, and I am not done And let them drone on about what’s wrong yet. in America. We know what is right about And you and I have more work ahead our country. before we’ve finished our mission. It’s a bat- And that brings me to another point, and tle for our future: It’s about jobs; it is about I want to say it right here in front of the family; it is about world peace, the kind capitol of this great State: Desert Storm of legacy we will leave these young kids sit- brought us together, Americans of every ting here in front of me today. Together, color and creed. And I am counting on the we’ve made a great beginning to renew the good people of this State and all across our miracle of American enterprise and to country, the other 49 States, to build on strengthen those fundamental values of fam- that harmony. And let’s stand up and reject ily, faith, and freedom. And now we’re ap- the ugly politics of hatred that is rearing proaching an hour of decision, next week. its head again. Racism and anti-Semitism Don’t wait until November. I’m asking you and bigotry have no place in the United to vote on Tuesday in the Republican pri- States of America. mary. Give me your vote in this important Let me close with just a couple of words election next Tuesday. Help me win 4 more from the heart. Barbara and I are blessed. years to lead the fight for the values we Let me say parenthetically—it’s a little share. husbandly pride—I happen to think this Thank you, and may God bless the United First Lady is doing a pretty fine job for States of America. Thank you very, very the United States of America and for these much. kids here. But we view it this way: We’re blessed to serve this great Nation of ours Note: The President spoke at 4:52 p.m. at at a moment when so many of the old fears the State Capitol Building. In his remarks, have been driven away, when so many new he referred to Clarke Reed, State chairman hopes stand within our reach. Maybe you for the Bush-Quayle campaign; Evelyn do the same thing, but every day, every day McPhail, chairman of the Republican Party I thank God that our young people will be of Mississippi; Ann Wilson, Republican na- able to follow their dreams without the tional committeewoman; and Rev. Bert nightmare of nuclear holocaust hanging over Felder, senior minister of Galloway Memo- us as it did just a few years ago. And since rial United Methodist Church, Jackson, MS.

Message to the Congress Transmitting the Report of the White House Conference on Library and Information Services March 6, 1992

To the Congress of the United States: for freedom has swept aside the acceptance I am pleased to transmit to you the Sum- of tyranny. New and amazing technologies mary Report of the 1991 White House Con- have made ideas accessible to everyone. ference on Library and Information Services Books, faxes, computer disks, and television and my recommendations on its contents and news broadcasts have ended the reign as mandated by the Congress in Public Law of ignorance and helped create a whole new 100–382, section 4. world of enterprise, competition and, with The world has changed dramatically since it, intellectual growth. the last White House Conference on Li- Library and information services are vital brary and Information Services. The thirst because they help ensure a free citizenry

400 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / Mar. 6 and a democratic society. It was appropriate cies for the 1990s. that the 1991 Conference addressed three The Importance of Library and Information major themes of great concern to our own Services society: literacy, productivity, and democracy. These three issues are now more im- Library and information services have al- portant than ever as we work to raise our ways played a significant role in our society. Nation’s educational level, to make the From colonial times forward, our libraries have acquired, preserved, and disseminated American work force preeminent in the information to Americans. Today libraries world, and to serve as an example to the and information services are expanding their rest of the world regarding the benefits of roles and, with the advent of new tech- a democratic society. We live in exciting nology, changing the ways in which we use times with our world changing daily. Not and share information. As we move toward only are we on the verge of revolutions in the new century, we should acknowledge educational practice and workplace im- the contributions that libraries have made provements, but technology is helping to and will continue to make in the years change the very way in which we learn and ahead. work. Library and information services are A particular strength of our libraries and at the center of this change with new so- information services is that they are locally phisticated technologies that not only im- controlled. Whether in the public or private prove the quality of information but actually sector, these services are best maintained make it more accessible to the people who at the local level where they can be most need it. It was the realization that library responsive to citizens and where they can and information services are in a period of adapt to new local needs. Likewise, the rapid change that prompted the establish- States have a long tradition of fostering the ment of the 1991 White House Conference development and expansion of library serv- on Library and Information Services. ices to all citizens. In combination, both Participants at the White House Con- local and State governments are the primary ference considered the themes of literacy, supporters of our Nation’s libraries and in- productivity, and democracy, and how li- formation services. The Federal role in library and information services can contrib- brary and information services has been one ute significantly to the achievement of those of encouraging and leveraging State and local support to expand the availability of goals. The 984 delegates to the Conference library services to all Americans. included librarians, information specialists, and community leaders. They represented Literacy all the States and territories and the Federal The quest for the future begins with lit- library community. Prior to the Conference, eracy. Literacy is a goal that we must make there had been innumerable pre-Con- every effort to achieve. It has been esti- ference forums involving more than 100,000 mated that 23 million adult Americans are Americans. These meetings produced 2,500 functionally illiterate, lacking skills beyond initial proposals regarding library and infor- the fourth-grade level, with another 35 mil- mation services. The Conference delegates lion semiliterate, lacking skills beyond the deliberated on 95 consolidated proposals eighth-grade level. The effects of illiteracy before making their final recommendations. in this Nation are staggering as people find I wish to commend the National Commis- themselves shut out of opportunities and as sion on Libraries and Information Science our governments struggle to find ways to for its key role in making the Conference assist these disadvantaged individuals. a success. The recommendations, thought- My Administration is committed to im- fully considered by the delegates to the proving education for all Americans. With Conference, are intended to help frame na- broad bipartisan support, we are moving tional library and information service poli- rapidly to implement strategies to achieve our six National Education Goals. These

401 Mar. 6 / Administration of George Bush, 1992

Goals, developed cooperatively with the Na- address copyright statutes and business in- tion’s Governors, address critical education formation centers, both of which would issues ranging from ensuring our children have a positive impact upon the efforts of start school ready to learn and attaining a American business and employees. 90 percent high school graduation rate, to My Administration is committed to the being first in the world in math and science, full employment and increased productivity demonstrating competency in core subject of the American work force. We can, and areas, and ensuring safe, disciplined, and we must, become the most skilled work drug-free schools. Goal five states that by force in the world if we are to remain pre- the year 2000, ‘‘Every adult in America will eminent in today’s global economy. be literate and will possess the skills nec- Throughout the Federal Government, ef- essary to compete in a global economy and forts are being made to bring to Americans exercise the rights and responsibilities of the kinds of resources that they need to citizenship.’’ As we pursue education reform improve their on-the-job effectiveness. For across America, one of our emphases must example, within the Department of Edu- be on a literate America. To that end, I cation, an information resource for teachers, have consistently worked for an increase in parents, and communities is being devel- Federal efforts for literacy programs. Our oped. To be known as SMARTLine, this national education strategy, AMERICA data base will contain the best of education 2000, is designed to help achieve all of the research and practice. This resource will be goals, and libraries, serving as community available locally—through schools and com- centers, can therefore play a major role in munity libraries—to educators and parents helping communities and schools across the who want to improve classroom instruction country reach the goals. methods and to raise the education levels The Conference recommendations in- of our children. clude several statements that also address the literacy issue. I would urge the Mem- bers of Congress to review these suggestions carefully and to consider them in any future Democracy deliberations regarding literacy and library and information services. An informed populace is a great guarantee that our democratic way of life will con- Productivity tinue and flourish. Recent events have Today’s workplace demands a new defini- shown us that people in other countries are tion of the term productivity. Rather than struggling to emulate what we have known a traditional perspective that measures the for the past two centuries. The free flow production of items, we must recognize that of information in countries all over the we now live in an Information Age. In to- world and especially in Eastern Europe has day’s Information Age, many of our workers played a strategic role in releasing people are knowledge workers who create and use from the bondage of ignorance. information in totally new environments and Library and information services provide in totally new ways. What we must do is an infrastructure by which we can obtain to ensure that these workers achieve maxi- information and can contribute to our mum productivity in their efforts. democratic way of life. In our country, there The White House Conference rec- are more than 30,000 public, academic, and ommendations regarding productivity are special libraries, and there are an estimated varied and far-reaching. Of perhaps greatest 74,000 school libraries and media centers. significance is the support shown for a na- These library and information centers are tional network for information sharing. The the links between our citizens and the infor- recent passage of the High-Performance mation that they need. These libraries pro- Computing Act of 1991 responds directly vide the kind of ongoing education that to this recommendation and is a major step each man, woman, and child will need in in the direction of increased productivity for order to remain a fully productive and fully American workers. Other recommendations participating citizen.

402 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / Mar. 7

The 1991 White House Conference on increased productivity, and stronger democ- Library and Information Services has gen- racy, we must make certain that our librar- erated many worthwhile recommendations. ies and information services will be there Clearly these ideas illustrate not only the to assist us as we lead the revolution for changing role of libraries, but also the revo- education reform. As I stated in my speech lutionary changes affecting our own society. at the White House Conference, ‘‘Libraries As our culture changes, so must the institu- and information services stand at the center tions that serve it. The Conference Report of this revolution.’’ makes it clear that library and information GEORGE BUSH services are changing rapidly in response to an increasingly complex and global society. The White House, As we strive for a more literate citizenry, March 6, 1992.

Nomination of James B. Huff, Sr., To Be Rural Electrification Administrator March 6, 1992

The President today announced his inten- son, MS. From 1957 to 1989, Mr. Huff was tion to nominate James B. Huff, Sr., of Mis- director of operations for the Masonite sissippi, to be Administrator of the Rural Corp. in Laurel, MS. Electrification Administration, Department Mr. Huff graduated from Mississippi of Agriculture, for a term of 10 years. He State University (B.S., 1954). He was born would succeed Gary C. Byrne. August 4, 1932, in Jones County, MS. He Currently Mr. Huff serves as State Direc- is married, has two children, and resides tor of the Farmers Home Administration for in Taylorsville, MS. the U.S. Department of Agriculture in Jack-

Exchange With Reporters in Pensacola, Florida March 7, 1992

The President. That is amazing. He said, Q. Are you contemplating some options? and this man’s entitled to his opinion, that The President. We’re always contemplat- we set the course record for going down ing options, yes. there and back, 2 miles. Can you turn those cameras around be- Q. Do you believe it? [Laughter] cause I want to take my shirt off, privacy. Q. They tell that to all the Commanders How many are honoring this? in Chief. Q. Everybody. The President. Do you believe I’m going The President. Promise? No reporting on to win the primaries? the body? [Laughter] Q. Is it okay if we hoot a little bit? Arms Shipments in Persian Gulf The President. Yes, you can go like that. Q. Are you worried about the Scuds, sir? But no, I’m serious. Otherwise, I’ll do it. The President. Scuds? Yes. But the man Come on, Larry [Larry Downing, News- who ought to be worried about it is Saddam week], promise. Word of honor. Hussein. Q. Have you ordered boarding of those Presidential Primaries ships, of the Marine ships, sir? Q. How are you going to do in the pri-

403 Mar. 7 / Administration of George Bush, 1992 maries, Mr. President? the phone this morning and talk to the Gov- The President. We’re going to win them ernor of South Carolina, the Senator from all and then keep on going and winning South Carolina, both of whom reiterated every one of them. All across the national their confidence. Talked to our campaign campaign, I’m going to conduct myself with manager in Florida, my boy Jeb. Talked to a certain amount of dignity and making very our son George who was campaigning in clear I’m not a candidate of hatred and try- Mississippi yesterday and been going, criss- ing to appeal broadly to this country. crossing Texas. And all of them are very When I look at the Democrats’ side, I upbeat. So, the voters will decide this on give them credit for working hard and doing Tuesday and somewhat today. their number out there, and I’m not about Q. Mr. President, do you think the voters to intervene in the primaries. But I’ve got are getting the message from you, though to tell you, I feel confident about winning it’s thinly veiled, against Buchanan, that he in the fall. And I feel good about today is insensitive to—— and Tuesday. And so, it’s not been easy out The President. The message there I get here, as you know, but we’re going very is what George Bush stands for. And I’ve well, indeed, making clear I understand the tried to stand for this every day of my Presi- problems of this country. We’ve got good dency. And I hope our Presidency has been answers for it. And when we get into the one of decency, a sense of honor, a sense fall campaign I’m ready to put my values, of fairplay, and I’m just going to continue my programs on the line against some of to emphasize these themes. these other things I hear out there. I mean, I think Americans like a political Today is a nonpolitical day in terms of battle, but I think they expect their Presi- the visit itself, but I’ll be talking about the dent to express some of these fundamental defense of this country and the need to values. And when I speak out against ha- keep strong and the need to guard against tred, bigotry, anti-Semitism, racism, it’s not any contingency. Sorry, but when I listen aimed at anybody; it’s aimed at values that to the debate on the other side, I don’t this country really has, whatever side of the hear that concern for the national security. aisle you’re on. And so, it’s something that I am the President. I have a constitutional I just feel I must do. And it just didn’t responsibility to keep this country strong, start with this campaign, if you’ll go back and I’m going to do it. So it’s those issues, and look at my speeches over the last few though, you see, are not in focus at all; years. they’re not even being discussed. So, it’s really appealing to the better na- So, we’ll wait until the fall. But you ture of the American people, and the Amer- caught me on a good day. I really feel pretty ican people are well-intentioned on these good. Marlin feels good. Marlin feels very matters of fairplay. And so, I’ll keep speak- good today. ing out on it. Q. Why do you feel you can afford not Q. How long do you think Buchanan will to campaign tomorrow or Monday? stick it out? The President. Well, I think we’re in good The President. Have no idea. shape. I think we’re in very good shape in We’ll see you guys. Thank you for the the primary States. I don’t know how you run. all felt, but I’ve felt that the response we’ve been having is very enthusiastic. The crowds Note: The exchange began at 7 a.m. at Pen- have been superb, and so I’m just coming sacola Naval Air Station. A tape was not at it from a position of real confidence. But available for verification of the content of not enough confidence that I didn’t get on this exchange.

404 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / Mar. 9

Statement on the Death of Menachem Begin of Israel and an Exchange With Reporters March 9, 1992

The President. We’re going to have just Presidential Primaries a little statement here. Thanks for helping Q. Why do you think Pat Buchanan would with the logistics here. But what I want to stay in—— do now is to send our most sincere condo- The President. Look, I—— lences to the people of Israel and to the Q. ——even when it’s numerically impos- family of Menachem Begin, former Prime sible for him to take the nomination? Minister. His historic role in the peace con- The President. I haven’t been trying to ference, peace process, will never be forgot- analyze that up until now, and I don’t think ten; particular emphasis, of course, will al- I’ll start now, if you’ll excuse me. We’re ways be on his historic and I would say waging a pretty good campaign. It’s high- very courageous and foresighted role at level. It’s keeping my sights on the major Camp David. And now people are talking issues. A lot of them, such as world peace, peace, but people will remember seem to be obscured by the hue and cry Menachem Begin as the man that made a of the campaign trail. But that’s still a very significant, courageous breakthrough, just as important issue and—— they will remember Sadat for the same Q. You’re not going to attack anybody? thing. So, we send our most sincere condo- The President. Not now, Helen [Helen lences to the people there. Thomas, United Press International]. I might get on your case if you—[laughter]— Middle East Peace Process no, I would never—well, it doesn’t matter. Q. How do you think the peace talks are [Laughter] going now? The President. Well, it’s hard to tell. Health Care Reform They’re talking, though. A year ago nobody Q. The Democrats are saying that your would have thought that possible. And it’s health plan is simply a theory that you’re very important that they keep talking. And not getting, any way that it’s paid for. How that’s what our whole policy is about; that’s do you respond to those charges? a lot of what post-Desert Storm was about. The President. I’d say that that’s crazy. And I think there’s a real chance just as They haven’t looked at it. What most of long as people keep talking at the peace them want to do is have a nationalized table. health care. And that would result in far less quality health care. We have a plan that Arms Shipments in Persian Gulf makes insurance accessible to all; that’s the Q. What’s the latest, sir, on this Korean key to it. And there’s 30 pages of how it’s ship that—— being paid for. I’m surprised to hear—not The President. I have no recent informa- surprised really because I think most of tion. I talked to General Scowcroft this them are committed to plans that have morning, but nothing to say publicly on failed in other places. that. Q. Basically, how does it get paid for? The President. It gets paid for through Loan Guarantees for Israel a lot of things. I’ll tell you one main way Q. Do you think Israel will drop its press it gets paid for is by cutting down on these for the loan guarantees? frivolous malpractice suits. Somebody esti- The President. I have no idea. mated that would be $40 billion. And we’re Q. Do you wish they would agree to—— having great difficulty getting it through the The President. We’re perfectly prepared trial lawyers’ lobby on Capitol Hill. The to, in accordance with U.S. policy, to go American people want action on this kind forward. of proposal so——

405 Mar. 9 / Administration of George Bush, 1992

Q. This is going to take care of 90 million cess. people without health care? Q. But you haven’t had any lately. The President. It will take care of $40 The President. No, I know it. Ask Marlin billion. No, our plan takes care of the 90 why. million by giving—90 million? Come on, Q. Mr. President, Michael Dukakis didn’t that’s too high a figure. respond, and look what happened to him. Q. That’s what they’re saying. The President. Well, look at the results The President. No, no. That’s way high. of the election so far. Anytime you beat It will take care of it through giving every- somebody by 40 points, that used to be con- body access to health care. sidered a landslide. Now we’ve changed Presidential Primaries the—I don’t know what different ground rules are being used, but I think it’s fair Q. Mr. President, the Democrats are now in my own defense to say 40 points, 40- down to three. You’ve got two or three on point victory over the nearest competitor is your side. How do you feel about how it’s a pretty good size win. I will settle for that shaping up? in the fall over the Democratic candidate. The President. Let the process work. I Q. Buchanan is hoping to upset you in thought Saturday was fantastic, and I think Michigan, Mr. President, a week from now. we’ll have a good day tomorrow. Just keep Q. Is Pat Buchanan upsetting your agen- your sights set on the ball; don’t get irri- da, Mr. President? tated, be pleasant. I’ve been through the The President. No way. What? other side of that drill over a period of Q. Michigan is where Buchanan wants to years, so I don’t intend to react. Act, not beat you. react. Q. Is Pat Buchanan upsetting your agen- Q. So you’re changing your modus oper- da? andi? The President. We’ve spelled out our The President. Well, I have over the last agenda over the last 3 years. What we want 3 or 4 years, yes. [Laughter] My modus ope- to do is get this country’s economy moving randi is to be pleasant with you people and preserve and strengthen world peace. when you ask me irritating questions. And And I think we’ll do it, plus better edu- that isn’t always easy. But I think you’ll have cation, fighting against crime by trying to to give me good marks for having done that, get some reasonable crime bill passed, win- and I don’t plan changing now. Q. Well, you say you’re willing to do any- ning the fight against drugs where we’ve thing you have to do to win. made a good start. There are so many The President. But I think being pleasant issues, but they’re all obscured by the noise is the way to do it and keeping your sights of the campaign. But that will be in focus set on the major issues facing this country, in the fall; you watch. challenging the Congress to move. And incidentally, I get credit for a full Note: The President spoke at 7:58 a.m. on press conference here because I was only the South Lawn at the White House. A tape going to make one statement. Making the was not available for verification of the con- 231st since I’ve been President. Ready ac- tent of this exchange.

Remarks to the National League of Cities March 9, 1992

Thank you very much. Glenda, thank you Let me say good morning to them, and so much for that kind introduction, and to please do what’s right up on Capitol Hill. all of you. And may I salute the Members My greetings to all the special guests here of Congress that have been with us here. at the head table; to Don Borut and Wallace

406 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / Mar. 9

Stickney, who is with us. vorite philosopher, says, ‘‘What goes on at Let me just say that I’m very pleased to the White House is not nearly as important join you today. I enjoyed, Glenda referred as what goes on in your house.’’ And there’s to it, I enjoyed speaking to you over the a lot of truth in that. But particularly at television hookup in December. It’s much a time when our efforts must focus on eco- better face to face. And I hear that you nomic growth, the family’s disintegration have had a very energetic, very well at- endangers, for all of us, our ability to create tended series of meetings. And I salute your and to preserve jobs, and to create an econ- leadership, present leadership; and then, of omy open to participation by all our citi- course, an old former colleague of mine, zens. or put it this way, a still young but former So we must start with a clear-eyed look colleague of mine in the House of Rep- at what is really happening to the family resentatives who will be your leader—what, in American communities today, not just in starting next November, is it—Don Fraser. poor urban neighborhoods but all across In January, as Glenda said, I had a follow- America. And then we’ve got to look inside up meeting with 10 of your members. And ourselves, to establish the principles that like your organization as a whole, they rep- will shape our approach. And then we must resented a broad cross section of urban act. America’s leadership: Republicans and The urgency is clear. We all know the Democrats, liberals, conservatives, officials statistics, perhaps you know them better from large and small and midsize cities. And of course, we’re all concerned, all than most Americans, the dreary drumbeat of us here, about the big issues, jobs and that tells of family breakdown. Today, one family and world peace. And even so, I was out of every four American children is born struck at this meeting by the unanimity of out of wedlock; in some areas the illegit- the message that your members wanted to imacy rate tops 80 percent. A quarter of deliver. It can’t be repeated often enough our children grow up in households headed in Washington or any State capitol or any by a single parent. More than 2 million are city hall. Your message was simply this: The called latch-key kids, who come home from enormous problems facing cities today, from school each afternoon to an empty house. infant mortality to high dropout rates to And a large number of our children grow runaway crime, are partly, at least, symp- up without the love of parents at all, with toms of one larger problem, the deteriora- nobody knowing their name. tion of the American family. We know from experience the con- Now, I understand the breadth of the sequences of family decline. Neglected chil- issues that you deal with daily, poverty to dren are more susceptible to the lure of potholes to property taxes. And in address- crime and drugs; they’re more likely to have ing myself to this one subject, I don’t want poor health, drop out of school early, more you to think that we are less concerned likely to lead a life without hope. Each of about these enormous problems you face you is in a position to know the human costs every day. But this morning, I would like that these statistics can only dimly sketch. to discuss that same serious issue that you You know, as I do, that for every blip on all raised with me, the family. The restora- a chart or dot on a graph, there is a human tion of the American family is at the heart story to tell, and too often the story is a of much of what we have done these last tragedy. 3 years. Leaving aside for a moment the About 10 days ago, I was in Bexar enormous costs, the wasted human re- County, Texas, in San Antonio, meeting sources or the billions spent to repair the with Latin American leaders to intensify our damage of broken homes, family breakdown war on drugs. And while there, I saw a ultimately endangers our position in a world front-page story in the San Antonio Light. increasingly driven by economic competi- A cabdriver had been murdered last Sep- tion. tember, another act of random, selfless vio- Certainly, the integrity of family is critical lence, and his murderer had just been on its own merit. As Barbara Bush, my fa- found guilty. But what was truly horrifying,

407 Mar. 9 / Administration of George Bush, 1992 what would horrify any American, was this: responsibility. The murderer was a 12-year-old boy. And The Government’s first duty is like that as the deputies took the boy from the court- of the physician: Do no harm. But the fact room, according to the newspaper story, is, with the best of intentions, many past they had trouble fitting him with shackles Government policies have worked against and handcuffs, so slender were his wrists. the institution of the family, undermined This youngster was 4 feet tall, not yet a young people’s desire to marry and stay teenager but now a convicted murderer. married, to provide for their children, to The drumbeat continues: two teenagers plan for their future. As a practical matter, shot dead in a New York public school, an doing no harm means in part that we ensure LSD ring busted up in an affluent northern parents retain the authority to make the big Virginia suburb, or the harrowing stories of decisions for their families. This doesn’t ab- runaway kids and the horrors that befall solve parents of responsibility; it’s just the them. I know that almost all of you could tell opposite. stories equally distressing, stories from your For example, even if we’re able to reform neighborhoods and your cities where the our education system—and I am deter- unthinkable has become the commonplace. mined that the Federal Government assist I am sure that many of you here took office all of you in every way in revolutionizing with high confidence in the power to solve the education system—but even if we are, these problems, only to discover, sooner parents must still read to their children. The rather than later, I suspect, that they were point is that Government harms the family far more stubborn than we could imagine. when it restricts its autonomy or usurps the Let’s not forget that the trials our citizens authority of responsible parents. face each and every day were generations Let me give you another example. Those in the making. We can’t expect change over- of us in Government can never plausibly night. But make no mistake: Change will claim to fight for families if we insist that come because change simply must come. Government, not parents, must choose who Let’s face it. We can only change things cares for their children. So 2 years ago our if we work in common purpose. We must administration waged a fight in Congress call a cease-fire in the war of words that over this very issue, and we won. We kept too often consumes us. Casting blame choice of child care out of the hands of brings no solutions, nor will questioning Government and put it where it belongs, each other’s motives. We have got to focus in the hands of parents. every ounce of our energy to turn back this And now we’re engaged in a similar fight assault upon the American family and act over whether parents should have the right as one Nation to defend and strengthen it. to choose their children’s schools. We know As public servants, we must never forget the benefits of competition; it is the that the best department of HHS, of health linchpin of American prosperity. And com- and human services, is, indeed, the family. petition among schools will be the linchpin In restoring the family, we restore to coming generations the values, the sense of right of educational excellence, too. From Min- and wrong, the will and confidence to suc- nesota to Milwaukee to east Harlem, school ceed that only a family can provide a child. choice works. And in doing this, we will reinvigorate our But you see, it’s important for other rea- cities and our communities as well. sons: It restores authority and responsibility We needn’t look far for principles to to parents. Just as it makes our schools ac- guide us. There are old home truths: Rely countable, it also makes parents accountable on what works; discard what doesn’t. Never for the decisions they make. Not only in be afraid to innovate. Remember that Gov- child care and school choice but in other ernment closest to the people responds best areas as well, a key to healing the American to the needs of the people. And let’s not family will be restoring parental authority forget this as a guiding principle: If people and accountability. are to be responsible, they must be given Another example, the initiative that we

408 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / Mar. 9 call HOPE, H–O–P–E. It took more than Yet, at the same time, we must face an- a year to get that program through Congress other fact. Government can sometimes be and another year to get even partial funding a burden as well as a boon. Over the past for it. But HOPE will be crucial to our 40 years, the child tax exemption has lagged success by offering low-income families a far behind the soaring costs of childrearing. greater opportunity to own their own And I have asked Congress to increase the homes. HOPE is based on a simple prin- exemption by $500 per child. For a family ciple: To survive, people need the intangible with four children, that’s an increase of values of dignity and self-respect. Govern- $2,000. And it’s a crucial first step toward ment can’t provide those, but homeowner- redressing the imbalance, and it’s what we ship can, an education can, a job can, and can afford to do right now. being part of a family can. And now I come to perhaps the most cru- The Federal Government has a positive cial matter of all, one that concerns you role in preserving the family, and we wel- all. We must reform our Nation’s welfare come that role. It’s guided the decisions system. Americans are the most generous that we make every single day. Since 1989, people on Earth, but they want to see and for example, we have more than doubled they are entitled to see some relationship the funding for the program that I bet ev- between welfare and work. Welfare must erybody in this room supports, Head Start, never be what Franklin Delano Roosevelt a program that brings children and parents warned it might become, ‘‘a subtle destroyer into the classroom, strengthens family ties, of the spirit.’’ It is not meant to be a way and reinforces parental responsibility. For of life or a family legacy passed from one the first time in the program’s history, we generation to the next. Welfare can eat away can support now Head Start for all eligible at the ties that bind a family together. 4-year-old children whose parents choose to And State and local governments are un- have them participate. dertaking the brave work of reform: There are many other examples. We’ve Learnfare in Wisconsin; REACH, Realizing increased the earned income tax credit for Economic Achievement in New Jersey; low-income families. And since ’89, we’ve Washington State’s FIP, Family Independ- increased the funding for WIC, the supple- ence Program. These are all demonstration mentary food program for women, infants, projects that we support. And my adminis- and children, by 47 percent to $2.8 billion tration is committed to reform, and we are next year. We’ve increased other nutritional acting now on waivers, to loosen up on programs by similar percentages. And this waivers, to waive unnecessary redtape that year Federal support for childhood immuni- impedes reform. zation grants will top $340 million, an in- There’s no hidden agenda here. This ad- crease of 18 percent over last year’s level. ministration, the mayors, the State leaders So all told, funding for children’s programs, who press for drastic reform of welfare from nutrition and education to foster care aren’t modern-day Scrooges chiseling one and child immunization, has increased 66 more dime out of some poor family. Demo- percent since we took office. crat or Republican, California, New Jersey, But look, we will never measure, and I Federal or State: In our heart of hearts, think you all would be the first to agree we really believe reforming the welfare sys- with this, we would never measure our com- tem is the best way to serve people. Break passion simply in dollars spent. We will this sorry cycle of despair. Give people real measure it by results. The test will be the hope. And we’re going to keep on trying health and happiness of our children and, to do just that because every single Amer- most important of all, the sense of well- ican deserves to believe in the American being and self-reliance instilled by our fami- dream. lies. Our administration has targeted fund- Today, with family as the center, I’ve ing to programs that efficiently fulfill Gov- highlighted the role of government, both ernment’s role in supporting families and positive and negative, because we’re men keeping them together, programs that work and women of government. But let’s never for the family. forget the work of private Americans dedi-

409 Mar. 9 / Administration of George Bush, 1992 cating themselves to the voluntary service to analyze ways to improve private efforts of others, who create an environment where to strengthen families; and to recommend families can flourish. Each is a Point of new policies to help families in our cities. Light, offering service with no thought of I am convinced that we can correct our reward, though the reward will be reaped mistakes, that we can learn from our failures by every single American. and build on our successes. I do not exag- And let me be very clear. When I talk gerate when I say that the future of America about Points of Light, they are not a sub- depends on our efforts. The family is the stitute for the good that government can irreducible unit of comfort and love. And do, but it’s more this: We will simply not from families radiate neighborhoods, from solve our most pressing problems without neighborhoods come towns and cities, and the dedication of those Points of Light, of their health determines the health of our those volunteers. And I urge all of you, country, for better or for worse. And like when you return to your cities, to do all you, I am committed to making our health in your power to encourage these caring whole and to ensuring that our cities, as men and women, to make yours a commu- Theodore Parker said, ‘‘remain the fire- nity of light. places of America, radiating warmth and In my State of the Union Address, I an- light against the darkness.’’ nounced that we would soon institute a Thank you all very much for giving me commission on America’s urban families. this opportunity to visit with you today. And Your executive board or directors or what- may God bless our great country. Thank you ever group it was—I’ve never been sure so much. with whom I was dealing, but they were all big shots, believe me—[laughter]—came Note: The President spoke at 11:36 a.m. at together. And their work will be one result the Washington Hilton Hotel. In his re- of my meeting in January with some of your marks, he referred to Glenda E. Hood and leaders. Donald J. Borut, president and executive di- And I have asked Governor Ashcroft of rector of the National League of Cities; and Missouri, a caring man, Annette Strauss, the Wallace E. Stickney, Director of the Federal former Mayor of Dallas, a very able woman Emergency Management Agency. The Exec- who also cares deeply, to lead the commis- utive order of March 12 establishing the Na- sion and fulfill its mandate: To identify tional Commission on America’s Urban those government programs, at all levels, Families is listed in Appendix E at the end that weaken or strengthen urban families; of this volume.

Letter to Congressional Leaders on Nuclear Cooperation With EURATOM March 9, 1992

Dear Mr. Speaker: (Dear Mr. President:) those agreements. The United States has been engaged in The Nuclear Non-Proliferation Act of nuclear cooperation with the European 1978 amended the Atomic Energy Act of Community for many years. This coopera- 1954 to establish new nuclear export criteria, tion was initiated under agreements that including a requirement that the United were concluded over 3 decades ago between States has the right to consent to the reproc- the United States and the European Atomic essing of fuel exported from the United Energy Community (EURATOM) and that States. Our present agreements for coopera- extend until December 31, 1995. Since the tion with EURATOM do not contain such inception of this cooperation, the Commu- a right. To avoid disrupting cooperation nity has adhered to all its obligations under with EURATOM, a proviso was in-

410 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / Mar. 10 cluded in the law to enable continued co- March 1984, May, September, and Novem- operation until March 10, 1980, if ber 1985, April and July 1986, September EURATOM agreed to negotiations concern- 1987, September and November 1988, July ing our cooperation agreements. and December 1989, February, April, Octo- EURATOM agreed in 1978 to such negotia- ber, and December 1990, and September tions. 1991. Further talks are anticipated this year. The law also provides that nuclear co- I believe it is essential that cooperation operation with EURATOM can be extended between the United States and the Commu- on an annual basis after March 10, 1980, nity continue and, likewise, that we work upon determination by the President that closely with our allies to counter the threat failure to cooperate would be seriously prej- of proliferation of nuclear explosives. Not udicial to the achievement of U.S. non-pro- only would a disruption of nuclear coopera- liferation objectives or otherwise jeopardize tion with EURATOM eliminate any chance the common defense and security and after of progress in our talks with that organiza- notification to the Congress. President tion related to our agreements, it would also Carter made such a determination 12 years cause serious problems in our overall rela- ago and signed Executive Order No. 12193, tionships. Accordingly, I have determined permitting nuclear cooperation with that failure to continue peaceful nuclear co- EURATOM to continue until March 10, operation with EURATOM would be seri- 1981. President Reagan made such deter- ously prejudicial to the achievement of U.S. minations in 1981, 1982, 1983, 1984, 1985, non-proliferation objectives and would jeop- 1986, 1987, and 1988, and signed Executive ardize the common defense and security of Orders Nos. 12295, 12351, 12409, 12463, the United States. I therefore intend to sign 12506, 12554, 12587, and 12629, permitting an Executive order to extend the waiver of nuclear cooperation to continue through the application of the relevant export cri- March 10, 1989. I made such determina- terion of the Nuclear Non-Proliferation Act tions in 1989, 1990, and 1991, and signed for an additional 12 months from March Executive Orders Nos. 12670, 12706, and 10, 1992. 12753, permitting nuclear cooperation to Sincerely, continue through March 10, 1992. In addition to numerous informal con- GEORGE BUSH tacts, the United States has engaged in frequent talks with EURATOM regarding the Note: Identical letters were sent to Thomas renegotiation of the U.S.-EURATOM S. Foley, Speaker of the House of Represent- agreements for cooperation. Talks were con- atives, and Dan Quayle, President of the ducted in November 1978, September 1979, Senate. The Executive order is listed in Ap- April 1980, January 1982, November 1983, pendix E at the end of this volume.

Remarks at a Meeting With Republican Congressional Leaders and an Exchange With Reporters March 10, 1992

The President. May I thank everybody for on both of them, but it looks to us like coming down here. And I want to thank the Senate is once again poised to follow the Republican Members of both the Sen- the lead of their House colleagues and raise ate and House. taxes again. And the centerpiece of both There are two very important legislative these bills is a huge tax increase that will matters on the schedule for this week that kill job creation, particularly by small busi- I want to discuss with you all and get your nesses. And so, there has got to be no mis- advice. First, I appreciate your leadership take about this: Raising taxes on the Ameri-

411 Mar. 10 / Administration of George Bush, 1992 can people, given the situation, is simply ive as possible of Boris Yeltsin. I don’t think not acceptable. And I’m going to veto that President Nixon and I have any difference tax increase bill as soon as it’s sent to me. on this. I talked to him yesterday. There It’s hard to believe that they’re trying to are certain fiscal, financial constraints on not only raise the taxes but eliminate one what we can do, but we have a huge stake of the best, perhaps the only real fiscal dis- in the success of democracy in Russia and cipline tool that we have, and I’m talking in the other C.I.S. countries. And so, we about the caps that came out of the ’90 will be working in every way possible to agreement. And they’re talking now about support the forces of democracy. Certainly, getting rid of that, and that latest end-run we’ve done a lot in terms of supporting the on controlling Government spending is also people that are afflicted by starvation, real destined to be sent right back once it hits hunger, and similarly, on medicine. this desk in there. I mean, I cannot accept So there’s a lot of taxpayer money going busting the caps on discretionary domestic into this already; most, a lot of it, in terms spending. And I am very grateful for your of guarantees for agricultural products, support, and I look forward to talking about which are emergency requirements. And we these matters and many others in just a few will do what’s right, and I’m looking forward minutes. to going over this with Mr. Yeltsin when Presidential Primaries and Aid to Former he’s here. Soviet Union Q. Well, do you think his criticism is valid? His seemed to be very personal. Q. How do you think you’re going to do The President. Well, I didn’t read it as on Super Tuesday? And is President Nixon criticism, Helen [Helen Thomas, United correct in saying that you are only giving Press International], because I talked with a penny-ante support to Russia? the man. And I learned to go to the source; The President. Well, on the Super Tues- I did it before I even saw the story in the day, let’s just wait. We don’t have long to paper. But I also had seen his paper itself, wait for the answer on that one, so I’m and I didn’t take it as personally critical. going to try to stay out of the prediction And I think he would reiterate that it business. And I’ve done it relatively success- wasn’t. So, I think it’s just useless to react fully so far, staying out of the prediction to all these press stories that try to interpret business. I was just thanking Senator Thur- these remarks of a very constructive paper mond for his wonderful support and leadership that made South Carolina so successful. by Richard Nixon. You know, he’s got very Phil Gramm here, who’s been campaigning good ideas on this subject, and we’re in very like mad, tells me he thinks we’ll do well close touch on it. in Texas. I was happy, very happy, with the Georgia results, and I thank Newt here. I’ll Note: The President spoke at 9:35 a.m. in leave out people because a lot have been the Cabinet Room at the White House. In working hard, but I think we’ll do all right. his remarks he referred to Representative I think we’ll do well. Newt Gingrich. A tape was not available And secondly, I will be talking to the for verification of the content of these re- leadership about how we can be as support- marks.

412 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / Mar. 10

Message to the Congress Reporting Budget Rescissions March 10, 1992

To the Congress of the United States: tation. The details of these rescission pro- In accordance with the Congressional posals are contained in the attached report. Budget and Impoundment Control Act of GEORGE BUSH 1974, I herewith report 30 rescission proposals, totaling $2.1 billion in budgetary re- The White House, sources. March 10, 1992. The proposed rescissions affect the De- partments of Commerce, Defense, Health Note: The attachment detailing the proposed and Human Services, Housing and Urban rescissions was published in the Federal Development, the Interior, and Transpor- Register on April 1.

Nomination of Gregori Lebedev To Be Inspector General of the Department of Defense March 10, 1992

The President today announced his inten- General for Foreign Assistance at the De- tion to nominate Gregori Lebedev, of Vir- partment of State, 1976–1977; and Deputy ginia, to be Inspector General at the U.S. Assistant Secretary of State for Security and Department of Defense. He would succeed Consular Affairs, 1975–1976. In addition, he Susan J. Crawford. served as Deputy Special Assistant to the Currently Mr. Lebedev serves as presi- President at the White House, 1973–1975. dent of the consulting firm of New Amer- Mr. Lebedev graduated from the Univer- ican Ventures Group, Ltd., in Washington, sity of South Dakota (B.A., 1966; J.D., DC. Prior to this, he served as a senior 1969). He was born April 1, 1943, in New partner and member of the U.S. executive Brunswick, NJ. Mr. Lebedev is married and committee of the Hay Group in Washing- resides in Washington, DC. ton, DC, 1978–1991; Assistant Inspector

Remarks at the United Negro College Fund Dinner March 10, 1992

Well, welcome. Barbara and I are just there. So, if you see these little slips of thrilled to welcome all of you to the White paper coming in, forgive me. House. And this will be short because I re- Now, first let me thank Bill Gray and An- member Billy Graham’s famous story he drea. And I’ve tried it both ways, of being tells at the crusade about the speaker that on the opposite side from this guy when went on and on. The guy sitting next to he was in the Congress and being on the him picked up the gavel, threw it at the same side with him now that he’s running speaker, missed, hit the woman next to him. the United Negro College Fund. And I like And the woman said, ‘‘Hit me again; I can it better this way. He was tough, strong, still hear him.’’ [Laughter] We’re not here and able. for all of this. Also, you’ll forgive me if I’m To those of you who have benefited the a little nervous; it’s a big election night out United Negro College Fund and you don’t

413 Mar. 10 / Administration of George Bush, 1992 know Bill Gray, you’ve got a wonderful in private conversations: Barbara and I real- leader. You’ve got a man of principle, a man ly believe in the United Negro College of faith. And we are very fortunate to have Fund, and we want to help in any way we him. I say ‘‘we’’ because I consider myself can. And that goes for two that aren’t with a part of this family, and so does Barbara. us tonight: the Secretary of Education, I will say a word about Walter Annenberg Lamar Alexander, and his able assistant, so in a minute because he has a very special well-known to many here, David Kearns, role in all of this. I want to salute members who is the Deputy at the Department of of the Cabinet that are here: Dick Cheney, Education. They believe in this. They want Lou Sullivan, Jack Kemp, and our newest to support it. And so, we’ve got a good team member, the Secretary of Transportation, who believe in the work here. Andy Card. And I also want to thank Joe The guiding mission of the fund has not Williams, the outgoing chairman, for what changed since the days when Barbara and he’s done for this organization. And unless I first came to the cause in ’47, under the it smacks of a little too much family, I’d leadership then of a guy named Bill Trent like to single out the incoming chairman, that some of you may know, now living in my brother John. I think having the United retirement in Greenville, North Carolina, I Negro College Fund to a dinner in the believe. But when so many despair about White House is perhaps long overdue. And a bleak future, this organization gives to- my arm is just twisted out of the sockets, morrow’s great minds room to grow. And but now it’s back and all is well. when so many repeat the all-too-familiar lit- Let me just mention some good news for any of crime and drugs and violence that the UNCF. Together, a goal was set for does concern us all, the UNCF answers Campaign 2000 of $250 million. And to get with education and opportunity and free- this campaign off to a fast start—and now dom for all. I get to Walter Annenberg, who does so So let me say tonight, may the noble aims much for so many—the Annenberg founda- of this organization guide this Nation al- tion made a $50 million challenge grant. ways. And once again, may I thank all of And since the kickoff, donations large and you for your support and for joining us here small have poured in. And I’m delighted this special evening. And now may I ask to note this evening that we’re about half- Bill Gray, the only other and the final way there, $125 million raised so far. speaker, to come up and just say a word I look around this room, and I see so in his defense. many from corporate America, Points of Thank you all very, very much. Light all, who were asked day in and day out to support worthy causes, who respond Note: The President spoke at 7:30 p.m. on overwhelmingly but have come through for the State Floor at the White House. In his the United Negro College Fund in a pro- remarks, he referred to William H. Gray found and wonderful way. And many of III, president and chief executive officer of America’s most successful corporations and the United Negro College Fund; publisher business leaders are in this room with us Walter H. Annenberg, president of the M.L. tonight. Annenberg Foundation; and William J. I’ve known many of you for more years Trent, Jr., the first executive director of the than many of us care to count. And let me fund. A tape was not available for verifica- say to all of you what I’ve said to many tion of the content of these remarks.

414 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / Mar. 11

Statement on Presidential Primary Victories March 10, 1992

To the voters who gave us their over- country. Congress must act on my economic whelming support today, Barbara and I say stimulus plan. We need action on housing, thank you. We are especially grateful to crime, health care, education, and a host those who have given so much of their time of other issues. The voters of eight States and energy to our cause. Because of your have declared their support for my propos- efforts, we are winners again tonight. als on behalf of jobs, family, and peace. I As a party and a Nation, let us turn our pledge to them my best efforts to focus the attention to our future. We must focus on Presidency on these challenges and to pro- the complex task of job creation in this vide a more secure future for all Americans.

Remarks at the Swearing-In Ceremony for Andrew H. Card, Jr., as Secretary of Transportation March 11, 1992

Thank you, Admiral, and all of you. And Secretary, you know he doesn’t seek the I feel just as excited as you do about this spotlight. And I promised I’d keep the occasion. May I thank Reverend Keller for pomp and circumstance to a minimum, but those stirring words, as well as the Coast Andy, I should warn you, it will be nec- Guard band and the Hine Junior High cho- essary to spend the next few minutes saying rus. And I’m pleased that so many members some nice things about you. Andy is one of the Cabinet and the Congress and the of this town’s best kept secrets, one of the White House staff could be with us this best liked, most well-respected members of morning. We have a nice contingent from the team. You know the saying, ‘‘Nice guys Massachusetts led by our Lieutenant Gov- finish last’’? Well, Leo Durocher never met ernor, whom I don’t see this minute but Andy Card. [Laughter] who is with us, over here, Paul Cellucci, and our State treasurer up there, Joe Ma- And this newest member of my Cabinet lone; longtime friends of Andy Card’s. can claim a distinguished career in public A special welcome to the former Secretar- service at both the national and State level. ies who are with us; I’ve seen Sam Skinner He served three tours in the White House, and Alan Boyd, perhaps others. But it’s just five terms in the Mass House of Represent- a great pleasure to have you all here. I know atives, with 6 years as a member of the that Sam, now Chief of Staff, who served house leadership there. this Department—oh, I see Bill Coleman Transportation was one of the issues Andy sitting over here. Who am I missing? Let’s gave great attention to during his time in get the former Secretaries out there. Well, the State legislature. Before he came to I think we got it, Alan and Bill and Sam public service, he was trained and worked Skinner. as a design engineer. He was talking about And as I say, I know that Sam shares multimodalism or intermodalism long be- my great pride for Andy Card and this won- fore it was fashionable. In fact, my first derful family of his on this very special day. meetings with him were usually intermodal And since this is a real family affair, I think campaign experiences. [Laughter] He would I could speak for all of us when I singled pick me up at Logan Airport—I’m not out Tabetha for singing the national anthem going to criticize his car, it was a Chevy so beautifully. That was first-class work. Chevette—[laughter]—and drive me And to those of you who know our new

415 Mar. 11 / Administration of George Bush, 1992 around the State. One paper called him the DOT continues to play a pivotal role ‘‘commuter’s friend.’’ Well, the commuter’s helping the airline industry adapt to the friend has found an apt home at the De- changes brought on by deregulation, partment of Transportation. And I am just changes which are producing economic ben- totally confident that his service will prove efits through more efficient service. DOT as loyal as our friendship, as our enduring also has been a faithful supporter of our friendship. military and their own transportation needs. I know Andy to be a proven leader and And with your energy and ability, Andy, I a talented manager, experienced, efficient, know that this Department will continue to energetic, a public servant of the first order, ensure that the United States remains a and above all, a man who gets things done. world leader in providing safe and efficient And that’s important. For this job it’s not transportation. enough to know your way around inside the To meet each of these challenges, and beltway, at DOT, or working with the peo- they are big, Andy will be able to call on ple who built the beltway. a really dedicated team of transportation of- So, you’ve got a good leader. And Andy ficials in the Department. And to each and takes his new position at a very critical time. every one of you who serve over there, we This Department bears primary responsibil- are grateful to you. You exemplify the very, ity for putting the landmark Surface Trans- very best in public service. And I want to portation Act of 1991 into action, the act salute you along with your new Secretary. that Sam, his predecessor, worked so hard And now, with all of that said, it is with on. This act is creating jobs today, jobs to great pleasure that I turn the podium over upgrade our Nation’s highway system, jobs to Mr. Justice Thomas for the swearing-in to provide for mass transit and meet this of our new Secretary of Transportation, An- country’s transportation needs. drew H. Card, Jr. Thank you. And when I signed the new Surface Act last December, it made available some $11 Note: The President spoke at 9:04 a.m. at billion to the States. And we directed this the National Air and Space Museum. In his Department and urged the States to put remarks, he referred to Admiral James B. those dollars to work right away. In the Busey IV, Deputy Secretary of Transpor- nearly 3 months since I signed the act, tation, and Tabetha Card Mueller, daughter we’ve delivered 20 percent more highway of Secretary Card. Supreme Court Justice money than during the same period a year Clarence Thomas administered the oath of ago. office.

The President’s News Conference March 11, 1992

The President. Good morning. And first, one, medical care that is available to every- on the politics, I think yesterday was a great one. We need to build an education system day, and I am extremely grateful to the that prepares kids for the competitive chal- many people who worked so hard in these lenges of tomorrow. We need housing that various States. We’ve been victorious in 15 is affordable and plentiful. We need safer States, and I’ll continue to seek the en- neighborhoods and job security. We need dorsement of the party in every primary. to compete internationally for world mar- I’ve tried to let the people of this country kets and increase our exports. And there know that we will turn this country around, are many problems and opportunities that and our great Nation should be a world- face the Presidency. class leader in every category of economic And the voters of these eight States have and social activity. We need jobs for every- given me their support. I think they feel I

416 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / Mar. 11 have the experience and leadership to take goals leading us toward the 21st century? America in new directions, to reach out for And also, in your opening statement, you the complex solutions that we must under- seem to be affirming a Pentagon report that take. we should be a military superpower, the su- As we renew ourselves at home, we sim- perpower in the world, world-class. Did I ply cannot relinquish our leadership abroad, misinterpret? either. The world is a vastly changed place The President. Well, to the critics I say, from even a year ago. Democracy is won, please listen to the statement I just gave the cold war is over, and now we have an and to the many initiatives we’ve taken. And opportunity to secure peace. We cannot let I don’t think there are that many critics in this opportunity pass. And Americans must our own party. not heed the lone trumpets of retreat. We Q. A lot of protest votes. must successfully meet every challenge, do- The President. Well, yes, and I think a mestic or foreign. lot of that stems from the economy. I’m And one of these important challenges is absolutely certain of that. And I believe space. And our civil space program has had those people will be with me in the fall. remarkable technological success over the I’ll conduct myself in a way that they will last 30 years. America’s taken great pride be with me in the fall. in the achievements of astronauts and our In terms of defense, yes, I feel a keen space scientists. And now the genius of that responsibility to keep this country strong. program must focus on new initiatives for I have made recommendations to cut de- the nineties. We intend to deploy a space fense. Those recommendations came to me station by the end of this decade. We must from Colin Powell and the Joint Chiefs, the develop a new launch system that augments Secretary of Defense. And now what you’re the space shuttle, a new system that can seeing is a lot of political promising on Cap- carry payloads which will give America su- itol Hill, and to pay for it, they want to periority and flexibility in commercial as cut into the muscle of defense. And I’m well as in scientific fields. not going to do that. I have an obligation And I want to acknowledge the work of for the national security of this country, and Admiral Dick Truly in providing valued I’m going to fulfill it by having a strong leadership in the space program as an astro- defense. naut and as the Administrator of NASA. He So I don’t know what you’re referring to deserves great credit for so many of the out of the Pentagon, but that is my view. successes of our space efforts. And as we And I’m sure it is shared by the Secretary consider new directions in space, I intend of Defense. to nominate Daniel S. Goldin, the senior vice president of TRW, Inc., to head NASA. Presidential Primaries He’s a leader; Dan is a leader in America’s aerospace industry and a man of extraor- Q. Mr. President? dinary energy and vitality. And working with The President. Yes, Terry [Terence Hunt, the Vice President as Chairman of the Associated Press]. Space Council, Dan Goldin will ensure Q. Many Republicans are calling on Pat America’s leadership in space as we enter Buchanan to get out of the race, saying that the 21st century. he’s delivered his message and that all he’s Thank you very much. Now, I have a doing now is weakening you. Do you think meeting with some Members of Congress that Mr. Buchanan is hurting you, and if here in a little bit. But I’d be delighted you had your druthers, would you rather to take some questions. Helen [Helen see him out of the race? Thomas, United Press International]. The President. I guess anybody that runs for office would rather have no opposition. Defense Budget I mean, you don’t have to be a TRW rocket Q. Mr. President, what do you say to crit- scientist to gather that one in. And I’ve tried ics in your own party who say you stand to avoid entanglement there, taking my for nothing and that you really have no basic case to the voters. And it’s been very,

417 Mar. 11 / Administration of George Bush, 1992 very strong, and I’m very happy with it. So time is good, but this would be the worst. I would just let each person on both sides Yes? sort out their own fate. Q. Is the pledge on again? Q. What’s the point of him staying in any The President. I’ll leave it sit right there. longer? I’m going to veto this tax bill. The President. You’re asking the wrong Yes? guy. U.S. Defense Role Federal Government Size Q. If I can revisit Helen Thomas’s ques- Q. Mr. President, both you and the Vice tion, a planning paper leaked out from the President have interpreted the votes for Pentagon last week which implied that in your opponent as being a sign that people the future the United States should be the out there feel that the Government is too world policeman rather than place our em- big; as you said, that it costs too much, that phasis on collective security. Do you share it overregulates and overtaxes, all cir- the Pentagon’s feeling about—— cumstances which either have developed or The President. If this was an official Pen- persisted under your 3 years in office. Why tagon position, I expect the Secretary of De- are those interpretations reasons to vote for fense would come talk to the President you again? about it. So please do not put too much The President. Because I think we’ve got emphasis on leaked reports, particularly good programs to do something about it. ones that I haven’t seen, because I can’t I think the Government is too big and does comment on it. I just don’t know; I’m sorry. spend too much. And we have sent up I even missed the story on it. budgets that would constrain the growth of Q. What is your own philosophy, sir? Do spending, and we’re having difficulty with you feel we should be moving more toward the Congress, again, on that question. So collective security, or should the United we’ve got to stand for that, and I think States bear most of the burden for policing we’ve got to make clear to the American the world? people that we’re trying to do something The President. Well, I think the United about it. States has a burden to bear. But we have Taxes worked effectively through multilateral or- Q. Well, now, sir, that you have indicated ganizations. The clearest example of that is you feel that the budget deal and the break- what happened in the Gulf war. You see ing of the tax pledge that went with it was the United Nations trying to stay involved a mistake, are you prepared now to renew in the resolution of the Yugoslavian ques- that pledge for the rest of your administration. We have peacekeeping set up in Cam- tion? bodia and other places that relieves some The President. Let me say this: The whole of the unilateral burden from the United thing, given the way it’s worked out now, States. is a mistake. But the thing that is good But we are the leaders, and we must con- about that budget agreement is the spend- tinue to lead. We must continue to stay ening caps. And right now, we are seeing Con- gaged. So, it isn’t a clear-cut choice of ei- gress trying to remove the only constraint ther-or. For people that challenge our lead- on domestic spending that exists, domestic ership around the world, they simply do not discretionary spending, and that’s the understand how the world looks to us for spending caps. So I want to fight to keep leadership. Now, that does not preclude those in place. working closely with multilateral organiza- Q. What about taxes, sir? tions. The President. Well, I don’t want to raise taxes. I’m going to veto this tax bill. Iraq Q. Mr. President, if I can revisit—— Q. The Deputy Prime Minister of Iraq The President. You’ve got too many. This is at the U.N. today asking to ease the sanc- would be the worst time to raise taxes. No tions. Is there any room for compromise?

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The President. I would just simply stay The President. Go on, Susan. with the views that have been so clearly expressed in a unanimous fashion by the Assistance to Former Soviet Union Security Council itself. And there will be Q. Thank you. President Nixon was fairly no compromise on the part of the United scathing in a memo that’s been circulated, States with full compliance with the U.N. referring to the U.S. response in the crisis resolutions. Iraq is concealing, and they’ve in the Soviet Union as ‘‘pathetically inad- got to stop doing that. equate.’’ He also implied that a truly coura- Q. In an electoral year, sir, how far are geous leader would go before the American you going to go to have them comply with public and explain why, even when foreign the resolutions? You are going through an aid is so unpopular, we have to pursue this election. Are you ready to have an attack more vigorously than we are. Do you have against Iraq to demonstrate—— any plans to do that? The President. Let’s simply say I’d like The President. Well, I think the American to see them comply with the resolutions. people know of my commitment to U.S. It is in their clear interest to comply with leadership around the world. In the first the resolutions. And if they don’t comply place, I read that Nixon paper, and I didn’t with the resolutions, then we’ll contemplate consider it scathing. But there’s a good op- all alternatives. portunity to ask him about it because he’ll Taxes be in town tonight. I’ll be attending a din- Q. Mr. President, back on taxes for a ner there. And maybe there will be a minute. In one of the interviews before the chance for him to clarify what he means Georgia primary, where you talked about by all of this. I stay in close touch with your view that the budget deal was a mis- President Nixon; I have great respect for take, you also said that you thought a surtax his views on foreign policy. And when I look on millionaires might be the only way to at the six points or whatever it was in that get the capital gains tax cut that you want. letter, I think we’re in very close agreement. Is that something you’d consider? Is there Now, where we might have a difference any room—— is, we’re living in a time of constrained re- The President. No, I’m against that. sources. There isn’t a lot of money around. Q. You’re against the surtax in any cir- We are spending too much as it already cumstances? is. So to do the things I would really like The President. Yes. to do, I don’t have a blank check for all Susan [Susan Spencer, CBS News], and of that. And so, in that area there may be then John [John Cochran, NBC News]. a slight difference, but I think the question Q. Why? should be addressed to President Nixon be- The President. Because I don’t want to cause fundamentally we’re in agreement on raise taxes. how we ought to approach Russia and the Q. Even on millionaires? other independent countries there. The President. I don’t want to raise taxes. Q. The next item to come up is likely Q. Now I’ll get to my question. to be a request for about a billion dollars The President. You’ve already had it. for the United States to support the ruble. You’ve got now what they call a followup. Will you go to Congress and ask for that Q. That was her question. money? The President. No, no. Now, wait a The President. Well, we’re talking now minute. about a stabilization fund. Q. I yield my followup. Q. Will you support that? Q. Thank you. The President. I will wait to make a pru- The President. You can have her—wait a dent decision based on the recommendation minute. You’ve assigned your followup to of top advisers. But Treasury is considering her? Okay. So you have a question and a it. The Secretary of State is considering it. followup? This isn’t a decision you just sit and click Q. No, I don’t. Well, I might. your fingers on. But we’re talking to

419 Mar. 11 / Administration of George Bush, 1992 the Soviets about this, or the Russians about bounds. John Major is a superb leader, and this, I should say. Boris Yeltsin will be com- I work very, very closely with him, through ing here, and they know there are certain very difficult times, I might add. But I think things that they have to do before the inter- it would be most inappropriate if I got into national community will put the monies in picking winners and losers in a British elec- there that they would like to have in a station or a French election or German elec- bilization fund. tion or any other. And I don’t—I’ve got to So all this is evolving. But in principle, be careful how I word things. do I think it’s a good idea? Yes. You know, it’s different, if I might just put your question, very sound question, in Presidential Primaries a political context. It’s easy for a candidate Q. You said last week you’d be willing to go out and give an opinion on all that, to bury the hatchet with Pat Buchanan. but it’s not so easy for a President. I have How far would you be willing to go? If he certain responsibilities as President. I am gets out of the race long before the Califor- watching this evolution over there with nia primary, doesn’t divide the party, which great interest. I think it’s perfectly appro- is already divided out there, would you be priate to express my respect for John Major, willing to sit down, discuss issues with him? but I don’t want to go beyond that by look- Would you be willing to give him his 15 ing like we’re trying to shape a foreign elec- minutes at the Republican Convention with tion, whether it’s here or whether it’s any- a speech? place. The President. Why don’t we just wait and Q. But isn’t it true the Labor Party’s plat- see how all that evolves, John? He has said form, its foreign policy platform, is no today he wants to stay in there. That’s his longer antithetical to your foreign policy? choice. And I’m clearly staying in there. The President. I have to study before I And I think we’re doing pretty well. I think can tell. there’s a little more recognition now that this challenge is sending the President a The Economy and Presidential Primaries message, and I feel very good about where things stand. I think I’ve detected a slight Q. Mr. President, if the economy does change in the way it’s being presented to turn around, do you believe that that protest the public, too. vote of roughly 30 percent will automatically So we’ll just keep on and let him make disappear and people will—— these decisions. I really have tried very hard The President. I believe it’s going to come not to engage. Even a reply to your question home anyway, Judy [Judy Wiessler, Houston would be more engagement than I want to Chronicle]. I don’t know whether any of you go forward with. heard my Florida campaign manager on television the other night with ‘‘Larry King British Election Live.’’ And this man is very able, this Flor- Q. If you won’t talk about Pat Buchanan, ida campaign manager, my son Jeb. He was let me ask you about another election, the superb. And he pointed out that he saw British election. There was a time when pol- some exit polls that said some of the Demo- icymakers in this country worried when cratic primary voters were going to vote for there was a Labor Prime Minister in power. me in the fall. Now, my boy is never wrong Hasn’t that changed over the years? Now on a statistic like that. we’ve had the end of the cold war, nuclear And I would just point out that we’re disarmament isn’t the big issue. Does it reading a lot about the other side, but let’s really matter that much to the fate of the take a look at some of the ones going into United States who’s in power in Britain? the Democratic election. We’re going to do The President. I expect the worst thing well, and I really believe they’ll come home an American President could do would be to roost. And we want them. I’m trying to to try to intervene in an election in another conduct myself in such a way as to say, look, country. Having said all that, the respect I understand your feeling on this issue or I have for the Prime Minister knows no that, but we need your support, and we

420 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / Mar. 11 want you. And P.S., take a look at the alter- anti-Semitic. Do you endorse what your sur- natives over there. That’s not even in focus rogates are saying? Do you want to rein yet. That’s not even in focus yet, what the them in? And what do you think Mr. Bu- general election’s going to be like, because chanan wants if he can’t win the nomina- we don’t know who’s there yet. But it’s tion? going to be fun, I’ll tell you. The President. I don’t know the answer Yes, Ellen [Ellen Warren, Knight-Ridder to the second part and probably wouldn’t Newspapers]. respond if I did. I think most fair-minded Q. Mr. President, you seem to be brush- viewers would feel that I’ve come under ating off this 30-to-40-percent consistent vot- tack from my opponent, so I’m delighted ing for Pat Buchanan as a frustration with when people defend me. the economy. Sir, doesn’t the buck stop Helen. I mean Sarah [Sarah McClendon, here? Don’t you take any responsibility— McClendon News Service]. and your predecessor, Ronald Reagan—for Q. I was talking about the attacks—— the state of the economy, sir? The President. Yes, excuse me. Go ahead, The President. Absolutely. yes. Please, help me. Q. Well, so why should people vote for Q. I was talking about the attacks your you if it’s your fault? surrogates were making on Mr. Buchanan, The President. Because they know I’m not to the defense of yourself. Do you en- trying to change it, and they know that I’ve dorse the attacks they’re making on Mr. Bu- been a good leader. And they’re going to chanan? be talking about leadership, not campaign The President. I endorse the strong de- promises. And it isn’t easy. And I think fenders I have out there and am very when we get through defining clearly my pleased that they’re out there getting the objectives for this country, it will all come message out loud and clear. out when we get into the general election Yes, Jess [Jessie Stearns, Stearns News that these people will be voting for me. But Bureau]. when a family’s hurting and they want to send a message, they don’t want to go over and vote in the Democratic side because Economic Plan they see them as much worse. What do they do? They come and vote and try to express Q. Mr. President, some of your advisers themselves in the manner they have. I really have pressed you to fight Congress with ev- believe that that’s the situation. erything you have, and if Congress won’t Back of the room. pass a growth package that you want to sign Q. What’s to prevent them from saying, by March 20th, that you should take the sir, well, the President himself says it’s his bull by the horns and do everything you fault and the Republican Party’s fault; I’m can: start vetoing line items in their budget, going to go the other way? index capital gains by regulation, go and The President. Oh, you see, I only gave have the Beck decision enforced, all these you half the equation. Everybody can accept kinds of things. Have you decided to do blame. The Congress can accept its share any of that? of the blame. All of us seem to live and The President. No, I haven’t decided it. die by polls these days, but if I might be I do think that in the fall the case is going able to quote one, look at the ones that to be taken to the American people regard- blame the Congress much more than the ing Congress. But I think at this juncture President. And please get that out there be- people are less anxious to hear their Presi- cause I need the help. I’ll be spelling that dent blaming somebody than they are see- out. ing him try to get something done. And so Helen, in the back? Yes, sir, over here. that will guide me. But I can’t be under Q. Mr. President, you said you didn’t unilateral fire and not at least help put the want to talk specifically about Patrick Bu- congressional part of this into perspective. chanan, but your surrogates have called him But I think people—look, Ellen asked me, everything from a fascist to racist to possibly do I accept my share of responsibility? Sure.

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But I want to be sure Congress accepts its, House or elsewhere, say, ‘‘My name is Joe and see what we can do. Jones; I think the President needs to do What I’ve been trying to do is get a stim- this,’’ or ‘‘I’m Sally Smith, and I think he ulative economic package through, lay the ought to consider these three options.’’ In- broad politics aside, and just take seven sim- stead of that, I pick up the paper every ple points that most economists think would day and read some insider known to be turn around confidence and stimulate the close to the President or a person high up economy. And I’m going to keep working in the party not currently with the White on that. I’m going to have to veto a broad House but having served there a long time, kind of handout, tax-and-spend bill, and and it’s confusing to me. And I think the then I’m still going to keep trying to get American people don’t like it. I don’t think it through. And then later on, we’ll have they like it very much. I’d like to see some all the debate out there as to the respon- sources put next to—yes? sibility of Congress or changing Congress which, of course, I feel very strongly about. Free Trade and Job Creation But I think the people are less interested in hearing somebody going around blaming Q. Mr. President, you have often said that somebody, even though they’re getting a lot you were going to get more jobs, bring back of that from the Democratic side, than they jobs. And it’s—— are on, now, what are you going to do about The President. Sarah—— it? How are you going to help us? How Q. ——the figures have shown that the are you going to get this economy moving? jobs have—— And we’ve got good programs to do just The President. We have another San An- that. tonio incident. Q. ——gone overseas. So with the jobs Presidential Advisers having gone overseas and we’ve lost our Q. And that’s where the advisers, if I may, manufacturing base, and a poll of many of sir, that’s what the advisers, your advisers, these highfalutin, very big firms say they tell us they’re telling—— are not going to build another plant in the The President. Well, I’ve got to read the United States when they can go to Mexico papers before I know what the advisers are and pay a dollar an hour and not have to doing. bother with environmental regulations and Q. They’re asking that you define your safety regulations. So, how are you going Presidency. That’s what they keep saying. to get these jobs increased? And you seem to be saying that people want The President. Because we’re going to you to define the Presidency. So, what do pass the NAFTA; the North American free you think that means at this point? trade agreement is going to increase jobs The President. You know one of the dramatically. And the more exports you things I like least about this job is comment- have, the more domestic jobs you have. ing on what advisers say, handlers say in Now, some labor unions disagree with campaigns. They’re normally referred to as that. Some politicians disagree with that. handlers in the campaign season and advis- Some are sounding the siren’s call of protec- ers—has a nicer tone—in the noncampaign tion: Pull back and don’t engage in foreign season. And I read all the time about some trade. And I disapprove of that. I’m going anonymous source who is known to feel to keep fighting for open markets, more ac- strongly about the very questions you asked cess to the markets of others, conclusion about, Jess. I read about ideas that I’m con- of the GATT round, a conclusion of the sidering I haven’t even heard of yet. I don’t North American free trade agreement. And know. What I’d say to the American people that’s what I’ll keep doing, and that will is, please ask for a name to be placed next create jobs. It’s exports that have saved this to the source so I can get mad at the guy economy as it goes through these tough who’s doing this. times, and it is exports that will lead an It’s strange out there. It’s strange. No, extraordinary growth in the future. really, I wish people would, in the White Q. Can’t we put a limit on the technology

422 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / Mar. 11 that we have taken overseas? tives. And I’m afraid I’m going to have to The President. No, we’re not going to just end up vetoing the tax-and-spend bill. limit. We’re going to encourage. I’d like to And I’m not giving up hope, though, on see our cooperation with Russia, for exam- going forward then and saying, let’s try this, ple, result in a modernization over there. let’s try to get this through, but not do it It will open up vast new markets for the in a way that is totally unacceptable. United States. The potential is limitless. So Q. But you said—— we can’t look inward like we did in the thir- The President. Ann [Ann Devroy, Wash- ties where we threw the whole world into ington Post], you had your hand up. Do depression by a failed policy of isolation and you still have a question? pure protection. I’m not going to do that. Q. Yes, Mr. President, I do. The President. What is it? House Bank Controversy Q. Mr. President, the Vice President has called the check bouncing scandal at the 1990 Budget Agreement House bank a good reason for term limita- Q. When you said last week that you re- tions, for Democrats, presumably. Do you gretted the decision on the budget deal, was feel he’s right on that issue and should there that budget deal a policy mistake or a politi- be full disclosure of all of the Members who cal mistake? have—— The President. Total mistake. Policy, polit- The President. I’m strongly for term limi- ical, everything else. tations. And secondly, I think there should Q. What was wrong with the policy? be full disclosure. I hate to recite history The President. Policy, because it simply here, but when I was in the Congress way did not do what I thought, hoped it would back in the sixties with a group of newly do: control this, get this economy moving. elected Congressmen in what we called the There were some good things about it. So 90th Club then, 90th Congress, I kind of I can’t say, shouldn’t say, total mistake. But took the lead in urging full disclosure of the spending caps was good; getting the assets and liabilities. I did not endear myself spending caps was good. Keeping the Gov- to some of my colleagues, but I think that ernment going as opposed to shutting down full disclosure of that, of one’s own personal for whatever number of days it would have finances, is important. I think full disclosure taken, that was good. But when you have of something of this nature is important, to weigh a decision in retrospect, have the too, on a financial disclosure of that nature. benefit of hindsight, I would say both policy So I agree that it’s the way to go, and I and politically, I think we can all agree that think, inevitably, it will happen. it has drawn a lot of fire. Last question. Economic Plan Q. One more on the economy, sir, if I could. The Democrats, even though their RNC Chairman program includes a tax increase, the Senate Q. Mr. Buchanan. Revisit him one more package, say that it includes elements of all time. He—— seven components of your economic revital- The President. I’ll give you another ques- ization program. Since, as you’ve said, the tion because I don’t want to take any—go priority here is the economy and not poli- ahead, try it. tics, why not attempt to compromise instead Q. He said as a condition for him coming of threatening to veto or rejecting it out back that he would have to get rid of Rich of hand? Bond as chairman of the campaign commit- The President. Because I think they’re so tee, or the Republican National Committee. locked into a tax increase, that I was asked Do you care if Buchanan himself comes about earlier, that it would be very hard back to roost? to get that done now. We’ve tried. Our lead- The President. Do I what? ers up in the Congress have tried very hard Q. Do you care if Buchanan himself to get the focus on these investment incen- comes back to roost?

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The President. Listen, I want everybody. paign trail, your approval ratings seem to I want everybody to vote for me. But Rich drop. Bond has my full confidence. He’s doing The President. So now stay here, huh? a superb job up at the Republican National Q. I’m wondering if you now think the Committee. So that’s the way I’d answer answer is to stay here more and campaign it. out there less. All right, this is the last one. The President. I’ve not seen a correlation, actually. But no, I don’t feel that. But you Interest Rates know, I can understand the debate that has Q. On the economy—— gone on: Should the President be out cam- The President. Got any other subject? paigning, or should he be here? And what Q. In your economic plan, the Fed can I tried to do is achieve a reasonable balance. affect short-term interest rates, but it seems If you don’t go to these States—you had to be that long-term interest rates may be an enormously important election day yes- impeding growth. Do you think it’s time for terday where we did very, very well, very the Treasury and the Fed to come up with well. And if I had not, if I’d have showed a strategy on pushing long-term interest disdain by not even showing up in these rates down? States, I think that could have been coun- The President. Well, I don’t. I am much terproductive. more concerned about stimulating the econ- On the other hand, I recognize that I omy today than I am about the long-term have responsibilities that no other candidate rates. They are manageable at this juncture. has for leading this country and for being What would exacerbate the long-term rate the President. And there are plenty of prob- problem would be to pass the Democratic lems to face here and plenty of initiatives tax legislation, for example, or some of the to take that could keep you here the whole spending bills I’ve seen up there. time. So, what we did is try to achieve a One thing that would shoot the long-term balance. I think we’re going to go to Michi- rates through the roof, and I’ll guarantee gan for one day, part of a day. And we you this, would be to get rid of the firewall have a primary coming up there. But I think or get rid of the spending caps that were the way the vote is working out, the over- a part of the 1990 budget agreement. In whelming endorsement in terms of these my view, that would send a totally counter- delegations and everything, I think that productive signal to the markets. In fact, you’ll be seeing me here a lot, but not to when a very able Senator proposed kind of the exclusion of going out. a tax plan that looked like the deficit would Another side about going out: You do get be exacerbated, the long-term shot up just to talk to people. You do get to hear first- on the proposal. hand about the problems the country faces. So, I think now the answer is to keep So I think the answer is: Achieve a proper working with the Fed. I think what the Fed balance. I hope I’m doing that. And I’m has done is good. If you were to ask me going to keep on trying to do it because the question, would I like to see interest it is very important that when you’re elected rates still lower, I would, I would, real rates. President, you be President. But I also de- But I think the main worry now is not the termined that I’m the best one to lead the long-term rate problem or certainly infla- next 4 years, and so you’ve got to do some tion. It is economic growth and stimulation. of the politics. And that’s how we’ve I really do have to go because I don’t reached the formula that we use. want to—do I have time for one more? I’ve got to go. Pat [Patrick McGrath, Fox Mr. Fitzwater. Okay. Television]? The President. All right. I really have an 11 a.m. Yes. RNC Chairman Campaign Travel Q. Prime-time address after March 20th? Q. Mr. President, it appears whenever You used to stand up for Al Haig when you you leave the White House and hit the cam- were head of the Republican National Com-

424 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / Mar. 11 mittee; you used to stand up to Al Haig and priate that the national committee support say you didn’t work for the President and the President. And I supported—what? you didn’t go along with a lot of what Rich- Q. You stood up to Al Haig. Al Haig ard Nixon wanted you to do. Rich Bond asked you to do things at the RNC that now is favoring your candidacy, calling Pat you didn’t want to do. Buchanan, accusing him of race-baiting. Is The President. That’s quite different than that fair? endorsing the President. I worked very hard Q. Could you do this at the mike, sir? for President Nixon when he was President, Q. We can’t hear you. as chairman of the national committee. The President. Well, good, because I’m not going to answer it. [Laughter] I think Note: The President’s 123d news conference the President is seen to be the titular head began at 10:34 a.m. in the Briefing Room of the party. It’s always been that way. And at the White House. A tape was not avail- just like I support incumbent Senators and able for verification of the content of this Congressmen, I think it would be appro- news conference.

Remarks to the American Society of Association Executives March 11, 1992

Chairman Fondren, fellow Texan, thank ica. Well, this is what’s right about America, you for that introduction. May I salute and I salute you for what you are doing President Taylor and all the award winners to help your communities. And again, I sin- here today. I heard a story about how when gle out the awardees here who have starred Lyndon Baines Johnson moved from the in all of this. House to the Senate, Jake Pickle and Gene Of course, it’s an election year. Independ- Fondren, then Texas State legislators, ent of the current preoccupation with the flipped a coin to decide who’d run for office hype and spin of the campaigns, there will and go to Washington. Well, Congressman remain the issues, the big things, the core Pickle’s been calling for a rematch ever concerns of every American that transcend since. [Laughter] And this organization is political party or philosophical ideology: very fortunate to have as its chairman a man jobs, family, peace. They hold us together of this strength and a man of this convic- as a society. They are more than issues we tion. bring to the next election; they are the leg- Robert Frost once wrote that an idea is acy we must give to the next generation. a feat of association. Well, association is an And really, that’s what I want to talk to idea as old as the American dream itself. you about today, not just the issues but our Actually, de Tocqueville 150 years ago, mood as a Nation and how we must act more than that, had much to say about you. now if we’re to change America for the bet- He said, ‘‘At the head of some new undertaking in the United States you will be sure ter. Today, weighing most heavily in the to find an association.’’ Well, since that hearts and on the minds of Americans is time, associations have played a vital role the state of our economy: jobs, preserving in our country’s progress, and they continue jobs, creating jobs. You in this room know that mission today, defining new frontiers best, virtually every industry and every pro- and exploring new territory. fession in America. I don’t have to tell you Before I spoke, President Taylor handed that people are worried about the future. out the Associations Advance America Frankly, we’ve had tough economic times Awards to salute those who’ve found a way before, with higher unemployment but less to help, to be, in fact, Points of Light. We national alarm. There’s something different hear too often about what’s wrong in Amer- about today’s times, something that touches

425 Mar. 11 / Administration of George Bush, 1992 a nerve. It strikes at the heart of what drives they were for their parents. Now, these are this country forward, our very confidence. the things that dim our hope and drain our It challenges our belief in ourselves. confidence. Let me give it to you straight: Unemploy- American workers can see that technology ment is, what, 7.3 percent, about 9 million and competition are changing the workplace people out of a total work force of 126 mil- faster than ever before. They can feel the lion. During the 1982 recession, 10 years heat, both at home and abroad. They know ago, unemployment hit almost 11 percent, American industry is being challenged to a level not experienced since the Great De- keep up or step aside. I’m going to talk pression. So we ask ourselves, why is con- further about that later in the week out in fidence today lower than at the depth of Detroit, Michigan. We live in a competitive the 1982 recession? I’ve heard a lot of theo- world, and people worry about our ability ries. Some say those TV analysts are the to compete. problem, rejoicing in bad news. Others say, ‘‘Well, it’s the politicians.’’ I myself have American homeowners—that’s almost 70 noted that in a political year candidates million people—worry that the biggest asset often shower the voters with a message so they will ever have, their home, will lose bleak and hopeless, and at the same time its worth because real estate values have they promise the rainbow if they’re elected. declined. The same is true of any business, That steady drizzle on the people’s shoul- of association, or charitable organization ders can wear away confidence and can that owns property; they’re concerned, too. wash away hope. So, it’s easy to suppose Finally, as I discussed earlier this week that the constant drumbeat about what’s with the League of Cities—and this one is wrong in America is a self-fulfilling proph- fundamental—the deterioration of the ecy. American family is very, very serious, a root There may be some truth to that. But problem with tremendous ramifications for I think there are other reasons for our coun- our economic well-being as a Nation. try’s mood. People are feeling the way they These are the problems, but the picture do because America’s got some real prob- is not all gloom and doom. America, we’re lems. They’re serious, stubborn, national now the only superpower in the world. Mil- problems. But I think it would be unfair lions of immigrants still look to us as the and certainly untrue to suggest to the Amer- land of opportunity because we are. We’re ican people that we can’t overcome these the undisputed leader of the world that has problems, to imply that the United States a propensity for much more peace. And our of America is a country in decline. So today economy is poised for recovery. Inflation is I want to talk about what we must do to down; interest rates, low. Inventories are meet the economic challenge that is before low; exports, at record highs. But this recov- us, how we can build economic vitality into ery will come sooner and stronger only if our communities, how we must ensure that we in Government can come together and our children see a future that is an improve- act now. ment over the present. Sometimes it helps to take some of these In January, as most of you know, I sent enormous issues and bring them down to a message to the Congress, a plan of action. the personal level. So, when I talk about I felt it was a straightforward set of initia- America’s economic problems, this is what tives based upon tried and true economic I mean: They are the worries of parents realities. I proposed incentives for business who have worked all their lives to get their to buy equipment, upgrade their plants, and kids through college, and those kids can’t start hiring again. I proposed a shot in the find work. They are found in discouraged arm to get the housing industry back on families who can’t afford to pay off anything its feet, lead us into economic recovery this but the interest on their credit cards month spring. I proposed a cut on the capital gains. after month after month. They are the And then I offered a broader plan of ac- doubts of young people who believe that tion to keep us strong and economically vig- times will never be as good for them as orous in the years ahead. And that in-

426 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / Mar. 11 cluded, as some of you all may remember, based on some fundamental principles: Rely education reform, we call it America 2000, on what works. And when possible, decen- to bring the skills of our future workers up tralize. Institute choice to force competition to a standard of excellence. It included a into the system. Give people more power clampdown on excessive regulations that to make the big decisions in their lives. hurt our competitiveness and reform of our Make the system accountable. And under- legal system, so that Americans can spend stand the new realities of America’s global more time innovating and less time litigat- position, that we must become more coming. And I proposed record Federal support, petitive. We are not going to retreat into research and development support, to keep the failed policies of uninvolvement, dis- our Nation on the cutting edge of new tech- engagement, isolation, protectionism. We nologies, new incentives for business invest- cannot do that. That would shrink markets ment. I proposed a forward-looking trade and throw people out of work in this coun- policy that demands foreign markets open try. Staying involved, then, is the fundamen- up to high-quality American goods and serv- tal answer on international trade. These are ices. And I reiterated our determination to the important ways to reform and change hold the line on Government spending and our country. oppose new taxes. Chairman Fondren once said that ‘‘Lead- Well, big issues, big challenges. This is ership requires forthrightness. Hidden agen- the plan I proposed, and I set a deadline das rarely, if ever, lead to progress and very for the Congress to act. And while the Con- often succeed in spoiling the brew.’’ Well, gress didn’t have a comprehensive plan of I’ve never been very good at hiding an its own, it didn’t like the notion of a dead- agenda, and I’m not about to try to start line. Instead, with great and earnest delib- that now. eration, the Congress fixated on how much more to tax the American people. And they The agenda has really been to create jobs, would hike taxes by $100 billion. And that protect the family, and promote world plan, in my view, destroys jobs, whereas the peace. Too many times I run up against plan, the incentives I’ve outlined here cre- a stone wall, a partisan guard more deter- ate jobs. The last thing that this economy mined to take sides than to move the coun- needs now is a massive tax increase. Any try forward. So, March 20th will be an im- economist worth his salt will tell you that. portant date. And if the Congress enacts But this is not new. Congress refuses rou- my action plan on the economy by then, tinely to take action to stimulate the econ- the real beneficiaries will be the American omy, but insists on these job-destroying in- people. If the Congress cannot act, or if creases in taxes. it sends to me a bill that it knows today Everyone knows that Government is too that I cannot and will not sign, I will take big and spends too much. Everyone knows this case to the American people and say: that. And there’s something else everyone The problem is the Congress. Send a new knows, too: Too often Congress spends the Congress to Washington next November. money of its customer, the taxpayer, the But before that, I want to see us move wrong way, inefficiently, ineffectively, with- something forward. I want to see us get out accountability, and frankly, without something done. compassion. So again, I would like to call And it’s tough in an election year. I know on the Congress to pass my plan by March that; I’m involved right up to my neck, just 20 for the good of this economy and the recovering from eight of these darn things good of the American people. Now, I realize yesterday. So, I’m not being unrealistic, but this all may sound like simply an election I think we still have time to set aside the year blast at the Congress controlled by the politics and try to pass something that most opposition party. But it is not. We really economists agree—I think all economists need a new way of looking at things. agree—would stimulate this economy and And I have made proposals to bring back get this country back to work again. In the responsibility and accountability to a system meantime, I will act on my own in the inter- answerable to no one but itself. They are ests of the American people.

427 Mar. 11 / Administration of George Bush, 1992

I drew a line in the sand, Gene referred propensity of one American to help another. to it, a little over a year ago in the Gulf. And when I talk about Points of Light, When you look back, that wasn’t an easy sometimes my critics say, ‘‘Well, he’s simply decision. But we kept our word, and we forgoing his responsibility. He’s simply try- liberated a tiny country. And in the process, ing to lay off on the back of private citizens we sent the world, the whole world, a mes- the responsibility of a Government.’’ That’s sage. And the message was: Aggression will the farthest thing from my mind when I not stand. And that message is clearly un- commend you and thank you for being derstood. And because that message is so Points of Light. Government can help. Gov- clearly understood, we have a newfound ernment must help. Government must credibility all around, all around the world. reach out a hand to those that are hurting. Travel abroad, and find out that we are the But it is the Points of Lights, it is the pri- United States, second to none. vate sector, it is the associations that are And so now, in a figurative stance, I’ve going to make a difference in the lives of drawn a line in the sand again, right here the men and women and, especially, the in our own backyard. And I will keep my children of this country. word again, and if we all do our part, we So, may God bless you for your work. can ensure that our economy and our coun- And thank you for letting me come back. try get back on the right track. In the meantime, keep up the wonderful work that these associations do. Govern- Note: The President spoke at 1:10 p.m. at ment can do a lot. I know I’ve got to do the Washington Convention Center. In his it better. I know that Congress has to do remarks, he referred to Gene Fondren and its work better. But it can never replace R. William Taylor, chairman and president that thing that de Tocqueville found so of the American Society of Association Ex- amazing about this country, association, the ecutives.

Remarks at the Richard Nixon Library Dinner March 11, 1992

Mr. President, thank you, sir, for that a life that has been full and fascinating, wonderfully warm introduction. I, like I sometimes frustrating but always rewarding. think everybody across our country, was And I am very, very grateful to him then; once again so impressed when we saw what I was grateful to him when I served while you did today in outlining foreign policy ob- he was President, while I was head of the jectives of this country. And it’s a wonderful Republican National Committee. And I privilege for me to be introduced by you. value his advice today. I get it. I appreciate If you will excuse me a little reminis- it. And I’m very grateful to him for his con- cence, why, in ’64, I ran with a spectacular tinued leadership in this area that is so vital lack of success for the United States Senate. to the United States of America. So, Mr. In 1966, I started off to run for the Con- President, my sincere thanks. And it’s a gress in Houston, Harris County. And it was great privilege to be here tonight. then Richard Nixon, former Vice President, And of course, I want to thank our friend, President-to-be, who came down there to all of our friend, Jim Schlesinger, for his lead- kick off my little campaign. And I thought ership on this; and Walter and Lee I was right on top of the world. And what Annenberg for their fantastic support; of he did in endorsing and supporting me and course, Julie and David Eisenhower over many others like me that year resulted in there. I agree with everything Jim Schles- our picking up some 49 seats, I think it inger said about Julie, first-class and wonder- was, in the Congress and propelling me into

428 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / Mar. 11 ful. To Gavin and Ninetta Herbert and our agreement, opening up relations with China, friend George Argyros from California; John mediating disengagement pacts in the Mid- Taylor; Brian, over here; distinguished dle East, all while preserving a consensus guests all; ladies and gentlemen. It is a at home favoring continued engagement in pleasure to be here among friends and to world affairs. renew old ties. To be sure, today’s challenge is fun- A writer once said of Richard Nixon, his damentally different. Yet I think we’d all life ‘‘somehow was central to the experience agree it does bear some resemblance. Once of being an American in the second half again we’ve got to find a way to square the of this century.’’ I am proud tonight to sa- responsibilities of world leadership with the lute a President who made a difference, not requirements of domestic renewal. What we because he wished it but because he willed must do is find a way to maintain popular it. support for an active foreign policy and a As our 37th President, he placed crime strong defense in the absence of an over- and drugs on the national agenda; he cre- riding single external threat to our Nation’s ated a pioneering cancer initiative; he ended security and in the face of severe budgetary the draft; and he created the EPA. And problems. In this post-cold-war world, ours we’ve been fighting over the spotted owl is the wonderful, yet no less real or difficult ever since he created the EPA. But never- challenge, really, of coping with success. theless—[laughter]. As I said when his library opened, Rich- This challenge is by no means unprece- ard Nixon will be remembered for another dented. Think back to the era after World reason: dedicating his life to the noblest War I or the years in the immediate wake cause offered any President, the cause of of World War II. In both instances, the peace among nations. A cause told in his American people were anxious to bring their books, now nine of them, each written out victorious troops home, to focus their ener- in longhand on those famous yellow pages, gies on making the American dream a re- yellow legal pads. ality. So, I could not be more pleased, and I Perhaps more instructive, though, are the know I speak for Barbara on this, both of differences between our reactions following us, to be here this evening. And I’m pleased this century’s two great wars. After World to be able to speak before this gathering War I, the United States retreated behind devoted to exploring ‘‘America’s Role in the its oceans. We refused to support the Emerging World.’’ The subject could not League of Nations. We allowed our military be more timely. The auspices couldn’t be forces to shrink and grow obsolete. We more appropriate. The Richard Nixon Li- helped international trade plummet, the vic- brary, and I was privileged to be there at tim of beggar-thy-neighbor protectionism. the opening, stands as a monument to a And we stood by and watched as Germany’s President and to an administration devoted struggling democracy, the Weimar Repub- to an active, thoughtful, and above all, real- lic, failed under the weight of reparations, istic approach to the world. protectionism, and depression and gave way The challenge faced by President Nixon to the horror that we all know as the Third could hardly have been more daunting: Reich. How to maintain domestic support for a for- Likewise, our initial reaction to victory in eign policy mandated by a growing Soviet World War II showed little learning. But threat at a time that an overburdened galvanized by an emerging Communist America was fighting an unpopular war in threat spearheaded by an imperialist Soviet Vietnam. What emerged, the policies of de- Union, the United States acted. NATO, the tente and the doctrine that bears the name IMF, the World Bank, the Marshall plan, of the 37th President, provided a balance these and other institutions prove that between confrontation and cooperation. Americans grasped the nature of the chal- President Nixon managed this and more, ex- lenge and the need to respond. Our military tricating us from a war, negotiating the first was modernized, free trade nourished, U.S. comprehensive U.S.-Soviet arms control support for former adversaries Germa-

429 Mar. 11 / Administration of George Bush, 1992 ny and Japan made generous. It was fitting and Beijing. Look at the lands of the former that Dean Acheson titled his memoirs Soviet Union, reaching out toward Western ‘‘Present at the Creation’’ for these years ways. Look at the fledgling democracies were truly creative. here in our own hemisphere. You talk about The result, as they say, is history. We kept an exciting story, look what’s happening the peace. We won the cold war. Democ- south of the Rio Grande, all moving towards racy is on the march. Now, for the third democracy except one. Look at Cambodia time this century, we’ve emerged on the and its neighbors in Southeast Asia, yearn- winning side of a war, the cold war, involving for an end to decades of violence, or ing the great powers. And so, the question at the historic peace process in the Middle before us is the same: We have won the East, one that holds out the hope of rec- war, but are we prepared to secure the onciling Israel and her Arab neighbors. peace? Long way to go, but they’re talking. Look That is the challenge that we must face. at a U.N. that may at long last be in a Yet already, there are voices across the po- position to fulfill the vision of its founders. litical spectrum calling, in some cases shout- Look at Africa, the changes in South Africa. ing, for America to ‘‘come home, gut de- Look at the exciting changes in Angola or fense, spend the peace dividend, shut out what happened in Zambia. The success of foreign goods, slash foreign aid.’’ each depends on U.S. support and leader- You all know the slogans. You all know ship. the so-called solutions, protectionism, isola- Look, too, at the threats that know no tionism. But now we have the obligation, boundaries, these insidious threats like the responsibility to our children to reject drugs and terrorism and disease and pollu- the false answers of isolation and protection, tion and above all, the one that concerns to heed history’s lessons. Turning our back me perhaps the most, the spread of weapon the world is simply no answer; I don’t ons of mass destruction and the means to care how difficult our economic problems deliver them. They, too, will yield only to are at home. To the contrary, the futures an America that is vigilant and that is of the United States and the world are inex- strong. tricably linked. In the Nixon Library in Yorba Linda— Just why this is so could not be more I hope all of you have seen it; if you haven’t, clear. Yesterday we saw conflict, and today, you ought to do that—there’s a world lead- yes, the world is a safer place. Yes, the So- ers room, a room of giants who provided viet Union—aggressive, looking outward— such leadership, Churchill and Chou En- that we feared is no longer. But the succes- Lai and Charles de Gaulle. President Nixon sor Republics are still struggling to establish not only knew the greatest statesmen of the themselves as democracies, still struggling 20th century, he became one of them; like to make the transition to capitalism. We in- them, judged by disasters averted and vested so much to win the cold war. We dreams achieved. must invest what is necessary to win the A former aide once told of how President peace. If we fail, we will create new and Nixon asked about a foreign policy speech. profound problems for our security and that The aide shook his head. ‘‘Frankly,’’ he said, of Europe and Asia. If we succeed, we ‘‘it’s not going to set the world on fire.’’ strengthen democracy, we build new market President Nixon shook his head. ‘‘That’s the economies, and in the process we create whole object of our foreign policy,’’ he said huge new markets for America. We must almost to himself, ‘‘not to set the world on support reform, not only in Russia but fire.’’ [Laughter] throughout the former Soviet Union and Yes, carrying out a leadership role in de- Eastern Europe. termining the course of the emerging world As a former President, Richard Nixon is is going to cost money. But like any insur- a prolific author. As President, he wrote a ance policy, the premium is modest com- chapter that previewed the new world pared to the potential cost of living in a order. Today we are building on RN’s roots warring and hostile world. Many in Con- planted in Tel Aviv and Cairo and Moscow gress today, perhaps for understandable rea-

430 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / Mar. 11 sons, domestic policy considerations, are doubts about the ability of our workers and calling for a peace dividend. They would farmers to thrive in a competitive world. have us slash defense spending far below Our goal must be to increase, not restrict, the reduced levels that we have calculated trade. Opting out, be it under the banner would be prudent. This must be resisted. of protection or isolation, is nothing more The United States must remain ready and than a recipe for weakness and, ultimately, able to keep the peace; a well-trained, well- for disaster. And that’s why I am so deter- equipped military cannot simply be created mined to do all I can to successfully con- overnight if and when the need arises. Any- clude the Uruguay round, GATT, and to one who has ever gone to war knows that get a fair trade agreement with Mexico, the peace is its own dividend. North American free trade agreement with Those who would have us do less ignore Mexico and Canada. It is important to us; the intimate interrelationship between over- it creates jobs in the United States. seas developments and those here at home. Now, if I can choose a theme for you If we had not resisted aggression in the Gulf to take away from what I have to say to- a year ago, if we had not liberated Kuwait night, it is this: There is no distinction be- and defeated Iraq’s invading army, we tween how we fare abroad and how we live would now be facing the economic con- at home. Foreign and domestic policy are sequences not of a mild recession but of but two sides of the same coin. True, we a deep depression brought on by Saddam will not be able to lead abroad if we are Hussein’s control over the majority of the not united and strong at home. But it is world’s oil. And I am absolutely certain— no less true that we will be unable to build I expect we could get a good lively debate the society we seek here at home in a world in this room of enormously intellectual peo- where military and economic warfare is the ple—but I am absolutely certain in my mind norm. that if we had not moved against Saddam, he would be in Saudi Arabia today. The Ladies and gentlemen, the responsibility coalition would have fallen apart. He would for supporting an active foreign policy is one be in Saudi Arabia, and we would be facing for every American. But this task, in some agony like we’ve never faced before in the ways, falls especially upon those in this history of our country. room tonight. We are entering a world that It is a pipedream to believe that we can promises to be more rather than less com- somehow insulate our society or our econ- plicated. I thought when we were facing omy or our lives from the world beyond an imperial Soviet communism that that was our borders. This is not meant to suggest the most complicated of times. I don’t see that we should not do more here at home. it that way; more rather than less difficult Of course we should. But foreign policy, to lead in this world. And again you have too, is a powerful determinant of the quality a special responsibility to help show the of life here at home. way, all of you. Isolationism is not the only temptation we Mr. President, there have been literally need to avoid. Protectionism is another millions of words written about you. As siren song which will be difficult to resist. President Reagan said, some even have There are, indeed, many examples of unfair been true. But let me close with words that trade practices where U.S. firms get shut you used 33 years ago in the kitchen in out of foreign government markets owing Moscow in that famous meeting with Khru- to trade barriers of one sort or another or shchev, former Premier Khrushchev. owing to foreign government subsidies. But You describe the scene memorably in the way to bring down barriers abroad is your last book, ‘‘Seize the Moment.’’ When not to raise them at home. In trade wars Khrushchev bragged that ‘‘Your grand- there are no winners, only losers. children will live under communism,’’ you Export growth is a proven economic en- responded that his grandchildren would live gine. We estimate every billion dollars in in freedom. He was wrong, but at the time manufactured exports creates 20,000 jobs you weren’t sure you were right. Today, we for Americans. And we should have no know you were, just as you were right in

431 Mar. 11 / Administration of George Bush, 1992 helping build a safer, more peaceful world. referred to James Schlesinger, chairman of As we look toward the future, the only the conference on ‘‘America’s Role in the thing that is certain is that it will bring a Emerging World’’ sponsored by the Richard new world. Our task, our opportunity is to Nixon Library & Birthplace; Walter H. make it orderly, to build a new world order Annenberg, Gavin Herbert, and George of peace, democracy, and prosperity. Let’s Argyros, members of the library’s board of dedicate ourselves to making the most of directors; Mr. Annenberg’s wife, Lee; Mr. this precious opportunity, of this privilege. Herbert’s wife, Ninetta; John H. Taylor, di- Thank you all very much. Mr. President, rector of the library; and Brian Crozier, thank you, sir. It’s a joy being with you. British biographer of Charles de Gaulle. A And may God bless the United States. tape was not available for verification of the content of these remarks. Note: The President spoke at 9:35 p.m. at the Four Seasons Hotel. In his remarks, he

Remarks Prior to Discussions With King Hussein of Jordan March 12, 1992

Q. Mr. President, may we ask King Hus- ognizing we should talk for peace. And now sein whose side he’s on in the latest con- we want to develop more on that and talk frontation with Iraq? more about that. So, we’re looking to the The President. We agreed that we weren’t future. And I’m very pleased he’s here. And going to take any questions, just because I hope that will—it didn’t exactly answer we want to get into the business side. I your question, but we’re not going to take just want to say here, though, I will say questions. And I just want to make sure this, that I am just delighted to see His that people know across this country how Majesty again. For years we’ve had strong pleased I am to see His Majesty again. relations with Jordan. We know there were Thank you all very much. difficulties. He is my friend, and I welcome him back here. Note: The President spoke at 11:05 a.m. in And I might point out in a positive way the Oval Office at the White House. A tape that Jordan has taken a very courageous and was not available for verification of the con- forthright position on the peace talks, rec- tent of these remarks.

Statement by Press Secretary Fitzwater on the President’s Meeting With King Hussein of Jordan March 12, 1992

The President and King Hussein met for importance of all parties continuing to par- approximately one hour in the Oval Office. ticipate in the Madrid process. The two Also attending the meeting were Secretary agreed to continue to consult closely, both Baker, General Scowcroft, and Jordanian about ways to solve remaining procedural Prime Minister Bin Shakir. Following the issues affecting both the bilateral and multi- meeting, the President and the King, and lateral talks and on how best to advance their respective staffs, had a working lunch the peace process more generally. in the Residence. On the question of Iraq, the two leaders There was considerable discussion of the agreed on the importance of full Iraqi com- peace process. The President stressed the pliance with all Security Council resolu-

432 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / Mar. 12 tions. King Hussein said that Jordan would made more difficult by the more than continue to do its part. President Bush and 300,000 men, women, and children who King Hussein also agreed that the United have entered Jordan from the Gulf. The States and Jordan would continue to consult President told the King that the United closely on questions relating to Iraq and the States would continue to do what it could Gulf war aftermath. to help Jordan, both directly and via inter- King Hussein also raised the matter of national financial institutions. Jordan’s economic situation, which has been

Remarks to Recipients of the Presidential Awards for Excellence in Science and Mathematics Teaching March 12, 1992

Welcome to the chilly Rose Garden. I And it’s teachers like you who will help us don’t know whose idea this was, but— reach our goal, set an example, and help [laughter]. In any event, we are just de- America to excel. lighted to have you all here. And it’s great As you know, we’re helping to develop to see Lynn Martin, our Secretary of Labor; world-class standards for national assess- Dr. Massey; Dr. Wong; and most of all, let ment in five core areas, including math and me welcome 108 very special men and science. And we’ve set a deadline for the women chosen from over one-quarter of a first phase of the American Achievement million secondary teachers in their fields. Test, the start of the 1993–94 school year. And congratulations to all of you in receiv- All told, we have requested more than ing this Nation’s highest honor for math and $2 billion in Federal spending on math and science teachers. science education for next year’s budget. As teachers, you know firsthand what the And if my math is correct—and with this spirit of innovation has brought to this coun- crowd it better be—[laughter]—$768 mil- try, though we’re not always ready for lion of that is for pre-college. That’s an in- change. Sometimes I think that if Edison crease of 123 percent in the last 3 years. were to invent the light bulb today, news- But I believe that the single most impor- papers would headline the story ‘‘Candle In- tant thing we in the Federal Government dustry Threatened.’’ [Laughter] The one I can do is to simply help you do your jobs. like best, though, is one Lyndon Johnson used to tell about. Pointing down to the For instance, also in next year’s budget, I Potomac, he said, ‘‘If I walked across the have proposed an expanded program of fed- Potomac, the press would say ‘LBJ can’t erally assisted training for math and science swim.’’’ [Laughter] teachers, in part using Federal labs, Federal You have shown the kind of excellence laboratories and Federal personnel. Innova- that will help this country meet the ambitions like this will help us create a world- tious goals that we’ve set for our Nation class corps of teachers. in this America 2000 education strategy, We also want to bring new technology goals worthy of the talent you have and of into the classroom, so that kids can interact the potential of these wonderful young kids with astronauts and explorers and scientists; that you teach. We know we’ve got to be so rural schools can have access to state- competitive in math and science in a chang- of-the-art resources; and so all American ing world. Our economic health, our eco- kids can be exposed to the cutting edge nomic strength, our survival, depend on technologies and ideas that will shape their how we educate ourselves to face the chal- future. lenges of the next century. We’ve called on The Federal Government can do a lot. our kids to be number one in the world We can do an awful lot, but we cannot do in your subjects by the turn of the century. it all. Real excellence demands commitment

433 Mar. 12 / Administration of George Bush, 1992 from everyone in every community as we parents and in your colleagues. You still work to create a new generation of Amer- have the joy of discovery, the excitement ican schools. And together, we are literally of optimism. And you still ask questions and going to reinvent the American school com- try new ways. Above all, you believe in your munity by community, neighborhood by students and in the future of this country. neighborhood, all across this country. You’re And that is the spirit we all need. showing us the way. You’re leading. You’re We all know the real rewards of teaching showing how we can break the mold, take aren’t their certificates that you received our bearings by what works. And you’re here, but they are something much more here today because you’re not afraid to important. Sir Thomas More described it reach for excellence. And that’s why I salute in the play ‘‘A Man For All Seasons.’’ At you all. one point, he suggests to a young man that I salute winners like Julie Csongor, of he would make a fine teacher. ‘‘And if I Philadelphia—where’s Julie? Somewhere, was,’’ the boy asks, ‘‘well, who would know right there—who fled the persecution of her about it?’’ And Sir Thomas replies, ‘‘You, native Hungary, unable to speak English. your pupils, your friends, God; not a bad And now she gives of herself to a generation public, that.’’ of American kids. And listen to this; she Well, thank you all so much for what you says, ‘‘I have my cake in my classroom every do for the young people of this country. day. This award is the icing.’’ Welcome and Thank you for your excellence. And on be- congratulations. Well, I salute you, and I half of a very grateful country, let me just envy you. And you share in our kids’ sheer extend my personal thanks also. Keep up joy of learning, of making something work, the good work and the good works. And of understanding the world. may God bless you all. And now get out Think of the scientist or engineer who of this cold so you can thaw out. Thank will one day discover the cure for cancer you all for being here. or who will use technology to push back the frontiers of space, maybe wipe out hunger. Today that man or woman is a student, Note: The President spoke at 2:33 p.m. in maybe in your classroom. A kid who will the Rose Garden at the White House. In catch a spark from you, a spark that will his remarks, he referred to Dr. Walter E. change his life, change her world. That’s Massey, Director of the National Science your gift. A teacher affects a lifetime. Foundation; Dr. Eugene Wong, Associate I’m proud to be with you all here today Director for Physical Science and Engineer- because you demonstrate what it will take ing in the Office of Science and Technology to make our students the best in the world. Policy in the Executive Office of the Presi- You encourage students by giving them di- dent; and Julie Csongor, a geometry and rect hands-on experience. You foster curios- calculus teacher at St. Maria Goretti High ity not just in your students but also in their School in Philadelphia, PA.

Remarks to the National Conference of State Legislatures March 12, 1992

Let me salute those who preceded me. here. I remember last year being unable I guess Dick—has Dick Cheney been over to show up. I think it was the aftermath here yet? And Sam Skinner, our Chief of of the storm, of Desert Storm. But I’m glad Staff. And then the piece de resistance, our to be here, glad to see Bud Burke and Bill fabulous Secretary of HHS, Lou Sullivan, Pound and Bob Connor and Terry Ander- who is, I mean that, he’s just doing a superb son, just greeting us. And last year, I think job for the country. But I’m pleased to be I owe you an apology for that.

434 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / Mar. 12

That Desert Storm, I think, was a triumph is speed up depreciation on the front end for our country. And I still believe that it and would encourage, therefore, the pur- holds an enduring lesson for how we in chase of new capital equipment, which obvi- Government can get things done. It’s dif- ously means jobs. I still favor, strongly favor, ferent, but there’s some lessons that apply. a cut in the capital gains tax. I think that We saw a challenge; we met it with resolve. would create jobs. And I also think that The subject, as you will recall, was debated would restore confidence. We remember vigorously. And our duty as Americans—I that both Houses had a majority for that, think the country came together, seeing that Democrats and Republicans supporting it a our duty demanded nothing less than the couple of years ago. We could never get action. But when the time came to act, par- it to a vote. tisanship was laid aside, and we put an end On the housing industry, and I’m sure to the squabbling. And the job got done, many are familiar with this one, we’ve asked and Kuwait was liberated. for a $5,000 tax credit and that would be Incidentally, it is my judgment that that for the first-time homebuyers, and penalty- action, and I salute the people that partici- free withdrawals from IRA’s for the first- pated in it, really restored credibility to the time homebuyers. The homebuilders have United States all around the world. I see enormously high estimates as to what the it every single day that I interact with these credit itself would do for the homebuying foreign leaders. business. So I think these would have a So now I don’t have to tell you all who stimulative effect. are on the firing lines in your various States that we face a great challenge again today. When I submitted this plan to the Con- We’re in tough economic times. We owe gress, I asked them, as you remember, to it to our country to do all in our power put aside the partisanship and try to get to get the economy moving. I am not some action, pass it in 52 days. We set a gloomy about that, incidentally. Retail sales deadline, March 20th. And so now we’re figures today were good. We’ve got some back in the political wars, and they’re fixing fundamentals that are getting in place, such to send me a package that I simply cannot as interest rates and inflation, that could be and will not sign. And there is a massive the forerunners of a very good recovery. But increase in taxes on that package. And I we’ve got to do something. So I take this fully believe that a tax increase here would getting the economy moving very seriously. be a disaster for the economy. I think it I don’t believe there’s any one single would hurt our future competitiveness. magic wand that can be waved to accelerate And I think that Congress—I don’t think recovery. But I also know that by taking they will, but they ought not to doubt my just a few commonsense steps and taking resolve on this particular veto because if them now, we can stimulate investment, they send that tax-and-spend plan down help struggling businesses back to their feet, here, I have to veto it, send it back. And and put Americans to work. then possibly in the Senate we can get ac- And what will happen if we can do what tion because some of the—I know we’ve I’m about to suggest to you, I think you’re got a bipartisan group here—but some of going to see a rapid restoration of con- the Democrat incentives are very close to fidence. One of the great problems we have what we’re suggesting here. And if we can in this country today is, even though unem- narrow this package down and just go for ployment, for example, is statistically far the incentives, then when we get into all lower than it was 10 years ago in the reces- this campaign stuff, we can debate whether sion of ’82, the confidence isn’t there. And you need a middle-income tax or a tax break I think that what I’m about to suggest would on the rich or a tax increase on the rich restore confidence if they saw that these or whatever it is. So, I’m going to keep try- things were going to be put into effect. ing very hard to keep the focus on these To free up investment capital, we’ve incentives. asked for a new investment tax credit. It’s I know that you feel, and I know I feel, a tax allowance, really. And what it does that people are tired of the business-as-usual

435 Mar. 12 / Administration of George Bush, 1992 from Washington. And I know it’s burden- your conference, in helping get this pro- ing some of your State capitols, too. In that posal in shape. We introduced it last year, area, business-as-usual, I’m talking about but we’re going to be introducing to Con- these unfunded mandates. gress soon, again. And I call on them to Every time I meet with the Governors give it swift consideration. or legislators, they say, ‘‘Please help us keep The key, we all know this, is working to- Congress from inflicting mandates on us. gether: Republicans and Democrats, the Give us the flexibility. We might have a bet- Federal and State governments, the legisla- ter answer in Mobile than they do in Mo- tive and executive branches. And I would line, so let us try it our way.’’ And I under- be the first to confess that I understand stand what happens when an unfunded the pressures of an election year. But we mandate drops in on you from Washington. know what we can do in those moments You’ve got to find the money if you want when we can set partisanship aside. And to participate in it to pay for somebody I think that’s what the American people are else’s wish list, either by cutting out pro- calling out for right now. And we must not grams that you have on the books that you let them down. feel might be better or raising taxes at the So, again, my thanks to you all for your local level. In other words, Washington support, for those of you who are support- takes the credit, and you end up taking the ing this block grant concept, helping us fend heat. off more and more mandates from the Con- And this message has been drilled home gress, and those who are with us in the to me over and over again. And I think idea that what we need for this economy these mandates are irresponsible, and they now is something that will in a laserlike way cut right to the heart of the Federal system. stimulate an economy that is really ready So I’ve told the Congress if they pass a to move and really ready to recover. mandate, they just simply cannot pass the I really do thank you. And I hope this buck. They’ve got to pay for it without a hasn’t been too inconvenient, off and on tax increase. again on the schedule. But I’m off early Then there’s one other front in our fight in the morning. And I just looked forward to restore federalism. More than a year to having a chance to at least drop in and ago—and I know you all have been helpful say hello. So thank you all very, very much. working with us on this, and we’re very grateful—we proposed a $15 billion block Note: The President spoke at 5:12 p.m. in grant for the States because I believe that Room 450 of the Old Executive Office Build- States are the laboratories of democracy. ing. In his remarks, he referred to the fol- And you need and your constituents need lowing officers of the National Conference the flexibility and the freedom to experi- of State Legislatures: Paul (Bud) Burke, ment, the freedom and flexibility that this president; Robert Connor, vice president; grant would permit. William Pound, executive director; and And the conference has been invaluable, Terry C. Anderson, staff chairman.

Message on the Observance of St. Patrick’s Day March 12, 1992

It gives me great pleasure to send greet- day has become a cherished annual tradi- ings to all those who are celebrating St. Pat- tion, in the Emerald Isle and wherever the rick’s Day. sons and daughters of Erin have made their When we reflect on the extraordinary life home. and lasting influence of St. Patrick, it is easy Although St. Patrick originally came to to understand why the observance of this Ireland as a captive of pirates and spent six

436 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / Mar. 12 years in slavery before his daring escape by contributions that Irish Americans have sea, he later returned and became one of made to this country, through their unique the greatest figures in the history of the traditions and folklore and through their Celtic peoples. The man who once de- many accomplishments in civic and political scribed himself as ‘‘the least of all the faith- life. These have been evident from the ear- ful’’ bravely made his way back to Ireland liest days of our Republic, when nine men to bring Christianity to the island’s inhab- of Irish origin joined in signing the Declara- itants. Through St. Patrick’s influence, the tion of Independence. This is a fitting time Celtic people added to their ancient history to salute them and all who have followed and culture a new and even richer legacy of them in carrying forward the hard work of spiritual faith and human values. freedom. Today, the Irish heritage is as grand as Barbara joins me in wishing all Irish the many stories and legends that have been Americans, actual and honorary, a very inspired by the life of St. Patrick. That is happy St. Patrick’s Day. God bless you. why, on March 17th, we not only remember a beloved saint but also celebrate the many GEORGE BUSH

Statement on Signing the Torture Victim Protection Act of 1991 March 12, 1992

Today I am signing into law H.R. 2092, pressed concern in the past. This legislation the ‘‘Torture Victim Protection Act of concerns acts of torture and extrajudicial 1991,’’ because of my strong and continuing killing committed overseas by foreign indi- commitment to advancing respect for and viduals. With rare exceptions, the victims protection of human rights throughout the of these acts will be foreign citizens. There world. The United States must continue its is thus a danger that U.S. courts may be- vigorous efforts to bring the practice of tor- come embroiled in difficult and sensitive ture and other gross abuses of human rights disputes in other countries, and possibly ill- to an end wherever they occur. founded or politically motivated suits, which I regret that the legislation proposed by have nothing to do with the United States the Administration to implement the United and which offer little prospect of successful Nations Convention Against Torture and recovery. Other Cruel, Inhuman or Degrading Treat- Such potential abuse of this statute un- ment or Punishment has not yet been en- doubtedly would give rise to serious fric- acted. This proposed implementing legisla- tions in international relations and would tion would provide a tougher and more ef- also be a waste of our own limited and al- fective response to the problem, putting in ready overburdened judicial resources. As place for torturers the same international ‘‘extradite or prosecute’’ regime we have for I have noted in connection with my own terrorists. The Senate gave its advice and Civil Justice Reform Initiative, there is too consent to the Torture Convention on Octo- much litigation at present even by Ameri- ber 27, 1990, but the United States cannot cans against Americans. The expansion of proceed to become a party until the nec- litigation by aliens against aliens is a matter essary implementing legislation is in place. that must be approached with prudence and I again call upon the Congress to take restraint. It is to be hoped that U.S. courts prompt action to approve the Torture Con- will be able to avoid these dangers by sound vention implementing legislation. construction of the statute and the wise ap- I note that H.R. 2092 does not help to plication of relevant legal procedures and implement the Torture Convention and principles. does present a number of potential prob- These potential dangers, however, do not lems about which the Administration has ex- concern the fundamental goals that this leg-

437 Mar. 12 / Administration of George Bush, 1992 islation seeks to advance. In this new era, forcement actions. Because the Act permits in which countries throughout the world are suits based only on actions ‘‘under actual turning to democratic institutions and the or apparent authority, or color of law, of rule of law, we must maintain and strength- any foreign nation,’’ I do not believe it is en our commitment to ensuring that human the Congress’ intent that H.R. 2092 should rights are respected everywhere. I again call apply to United States Armed Forces or law upon the Congress to make a real contribu- enforcement operations, which are always tion to the fight against torture by enacting carried out under the authority of United the implementing legislation for the Torture States law. Convention so that we can finally ratify that GEORGE BUSH important treaty. Finally, I must note that I am signing the The White House, bill based on my understanding that the Act March 12, 1992. does not permit suits for alleged human rights violations in the context of United Note: H.R. 2092, approved March 12, was States military operations abroad or law en- assigned Public Law No. 102–256.

Nomination of Vicki Ann O’Meara To Be an Assistant Attorney General March 12, 1992

The President today announced his inten- in Washington, DC, 1987–1988; and as a tion to nominate Vicki Ann O’Meara, of Illi- Special Assistant to the White House Coun- nois, to be an Assistant Attorney General sel, 1986–1987. for Land and Natural Resources at the U.S. Ms. O’Meara graduated from Cornell Department of Justice. She would succeed University (B.A., 1979); Northwestern Uni- Richard Burleson Stewart. versity Law School (J.D. 1982); and George Since 1988, Ms. O’Meara has served as Washington University (M.A., 1987). She a partner with the law firm of Jones, Day, was born May 13, 1957, in Minneapolis, Reavis & Pogue in Chicago, IL. Prior to MN. Ms. O’Meara served in the U.S. Army, this, she served as Deputy General Counsel 1982–1986. She has one child and resides for Litigation and Regional Operations at in Evanston, IL. the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency

Statement by Press Secretary Fitzwater on the President’s Telephone Conversation With Prime Minister Suleyman Demirel of Turkey March 12, 1992

The President spoke with Prime Minister ferences peacefully. Demirel of Turkey today on the escalating The involvement of the CSCE in the cri- crisis between Armenia and Azerbaijan. The sis in Nagorno-Karabakh reflects the deep President is concerned about the situation concern of the international community in Nagorno-Karabakh and calls on the par- about the violence that threatens ties to declare an immediate cease-fire so to scar this region for generations to come. that they can attempt to resolve their dif- The parties must not seek to gain a tempo-

438 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / Mar. 13 rary military advantage during a time of The United States joins Turkey, Russia, great uncertainty and heightened tensions. and other countries in calling for an imme- We call on them to exercise restraint even diate cease-fire and for Armenia and Azer- in the face of apparent provocation. The baijan to cooperate with the CSCE to put bloodshed must end. a peaceful end to this growing tragedy.

Remarks on Arrival in Battle Creek, Michigan March 13, 1992

Thank you for the warm welcome on a our number one leadership in the world. cold, cold day. And I am delighted to be We are the best. And now we’ve got to here, very pleased to be back in this State bring this economy in Michigan around and at the side of our great friend and Gov- continue to lead the whole world. ernor, John Engler, longtime supporter. Thank you all very, very much. And thank you very, very much for this welcome on this cold day. Note: The President spoke at 9 a.m. at W.K. My request is to go to those polls on Kellogg Regional Airport. A tape was not Tuesday and give me 4 more years to lead available for verification of the content of this country out of this problem and keep these remarks.

Remarks to Stryker Corporation Employees in Kalamazoo, Michigan March 13, 1992

Thank you, John Brown, for those kind I thank for the music?’’ And they said, words and that warm welcome. And may ‘‘Don’t, it’s played on tape.’’ So, neverthe- I just say to you how inspirational my little less, here I am. tour through this plant has been for me, But really what we wanted to do was to seeing not only the spirit of this wonderful come here today and salute an outstanding work force but getting to kick the tires on group of competitors in one of our leading- some of the most advanced technology in edge industries. Stryker is celebrated across the health care field and to begin to under- the Nation and around the world for the stand it better. And so, I would like to take quality of your work and the excellence of this opportunity to thank each of the people the management, the way it’s handled. along the line that were so hospitable, wel- You’re leaders in an innovative industry that coming me and our associates here today. makes our country proud. May I single out the Mayor who is gra- And so let me offer a personal note. I’m ciously here today, Mayor Beverly Moore, a grandfather, yes, and time after time in and thank her for being here; and thank recent years I’ve seen modern medical de- John, of course, and David Simpson and vices work miracles for other grandparents. Si Johnson, Harry Carmitchel for the tour. I’ve seen grandparents who had been hob- And I’m pleased to, of course, be with my bled for years with arthritis. Now they’re old friend John Engler, the Governor of this running and playing again, and those mir- great State, and another man doing a fine acles are results of advances that your in- job, and that’s Congressman Fred Upton, dustry has made with these artificial joints. all here with us today. And may I salute I’m proud of how you at Stryker have also the CEO council, who I understand gone abroad and captured new markets, has been introduced. And I said, ‘‘Who do John referred to this, but you’ve captured

439 Mar. 13 / Administration of George Bush, 1992 new markets for these high-quality Amer- ment tax allowance. It sounds complicated, ican products. Exports as a portion of your but what that means is speeding up depre- sales, as the Governor mentioned, have ciation on new equipment so people can risen steadily. They now account for almost go out and buy new capital items for their one-third of your total sales. You have in- plants. creased numbers of customers in Canada We need to get real estate up and run- and Mexico and Europe, and you are the ning, and that means Congress should pass number one seller, I am told, the number my $5,000 tax credit for those first-time one seller of artificial hips in Japan. Don’t homebuyers, the young family that wants tell me the American worker can’t compete to buy a home. Five thousand dollars would with the Japanese. help, and it would stimulate the home- And the bottom line is this industry is building industry. And they ought to pass growing and creating good jobs for Ameri- that. That’s not a political thing. It’s some- cans because you give as good as you get. The health care technology industry, which thing that will help the economy right now. is made up mostly of smaller companies like We need to reward the risktakers, those Stryker, invests an average of 6.3 percent who create new jobs. And I still feel the of revenues in R&D, in research and devel- way to create new jobs is to cut the tax opment. That is nearly double, nearly dou- on capital gains and stimulate new invest- ble the national manufacturing average. ment. And you’re seeing this. We’re com- Your industry alone provides our great peting with Japan; Japan taxes capital gains country with a favorable balance of foreign at 1 percent. Germany, I believe, is zero. trade of almost $3 billion. You’re solid proof And we’re up there in the stratosphere. It’s that when that playing field is level, when simply not right to people out there think- you have access to the other guy’s market, ing, ‘‘How do I start a new business?’’ American workers can outthink, outperform, I’d like to spend the rest of this brief and outproduce anyone, anyplace in the time here today talking about another bat- world. tle, and that’s the battle against excessive Some people simply don’t get it. They see regulation. A level playing field, I men- the challenges of the global economy and tioned, outside the United States, that’s they say, ‘‘Let’s draw the blinds, bolt the fine; that’s well and good. But you’ll never doors; maybe the whole world will go reach it if you have to run yourselves to away.’’ They push protectionism, which real- exhaustion right here at home on an uphill ly means surrendering, surrendering our treadmill of overzealous regulators. growth and surrendering our excellence. In my State of the Union, we put on a The defeatists may carp, but over time 90-day freeze on all proposed and existing they’re going to become irrelevant. The fu- Federal regulations, the ones that can affect ture belongs to those who have the will to compete. And for my part, I will continue economic growth. As much as possible, working with you to open up new markets we’re now speeding up rules that will help wherever they are, Mexico, South America, growth and halting rules that would harm all around the globe. the economy, set back this fragile economy. I’m also working urgently for a climate I’m very concerned about the health tech- more favorable for prosperity at home. I nology business, the well-being of that busi- know that people are hurting out there. ness. Our whole future, as I look at it and People that have jobs are worried about what it’s going to take to move briskly into them. But later today I’m going to be talk- the next century, is the high innovative tech ing to the Economic Club there at Detroit, industries like yours. The Commerce De- and I’ll go into greater detail about an eco- partment recently reported that America’s nomic growth plan that I’ve challenged health technology industry is the strongest Congress to pass by March 20th, one week in the entire world, but that if current from now. We need new incentives; we political and economic trends continue, need new incentives to get this economy it would slip behind European and Asian moving. And I’m talking about an invest- competitors by the end of this

440 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / Mar. 13 decade. And need I say what one of those are pulling back because of malpractice negative trends is? That is Government reg- suits filed against them. I want to be the ulation. President of a country where people spend Overregulation here in the United States more time helping each other than they do can give foreign corporations an advantage suing each other. over American firms. It also can drive U.S. And the very last point: Our economy is businesses to move factories and jobs over- going to be strong as long as it’s free. That’s seas. Recently, because of heavy regulation, the lesson that I’ve taken away from this, the number of approvals of new medical that I’ll be taking away from this plant here devices has dropped dramatically. at Stryker. You have learned that in the Let me assure you: I am determined to markets at home and around the world. It’s roll back the tide of overregulation. After a principle that we’ve got to redouble the the 90-day freeze, I’m going to introduce efforts in fighting for. In my go-rounds with what legislation it takes to change this, re- Congress and as Chief Executive of the De- form legislation to correct unreasonable partments and Agencies that regulate Amer- rules we can’t change simply through Exec- ican business, I’m going to try to do just utive action. And I will have to go to that that. Congress and challenge them to undo some Let me say in conclusion, it’s a joy to of this regulatory knot that they’ve tied be here, not just simply a joy to be outside across the American economy. And I’ll fight of what we call the beltway, Washington, those liberals in the Congress who try to DC. It really is. And when I come to a impose new and unreasonable burdens on place like this and I see what you all are America’s livelihood. You know, if Congress doing, I have a reaffirmation in my heart sends me any more legislation with exces- that this country is still the freest, the great- sive regulation in it, I am going to have est, the fairest country on the face of the to veto it, and I will veto it as soon as it Earth. hits my desk. We need to free up businesses We are the leader of the free world. We like this, not tie their hands anymore. are the leader. Your kids and my grandkids As long as I’m the President, I’m going don’t go to bed today worrying as much to work to cut needless redtape. We’ve got as they used to about nuclear weapons. to get the lifesaving drugs and devices to They have a feeling that we’ve done some- those who need them. Regulation of the thing big, and we’ve done it by leading, healing arts and health technologies have standing up to aggression and leading the got to respond to patients’ needs and must world. And now let’s take that same talent, be based on sound science, not on ideologi- bring it to bear on this economy, get it mov- cal politics or scare tactics. ing again, and reestablish our economy as And we need to heal something else, a the number one in the world. legal system that is emptying our wallets Thank you all very, very much. Thank and tearing our society apart. That’s why you. I’d love to have your support for proposals to reform the liability system and the civil Note: The President spoke at 10:24 a.m. in justice system. You know how the epidemic the medical division of Stryker Corp. In his of lawsuits has become, neighbor suing remarks, he referred to the following cor- neighbor, guys coaching Little League poration officers: John W. Brown, chairman, afraid to coach because of a lawsuit being president, and chief executive officer; David filed at them: ‘‘You don’t put the kid at J. Simpson, vice president and chief finan- first base, I’m going to sue you.’’ I mean, cial officer; Stephen (Si) Johnson, executive it’s not right; it’s not fair. And we’ve vice president; and Harry E. Carmitchel, overdone it, saying nothing of doctors who president of the medical division.

441 Mar. 13 / Administration of George Bush, 1992

Remarks to the Economic Club of Detroit in Detroit, Michigan March 13, 1992

The President. Thank you for that warm where on the planet. And yes, today things Michigan welcome. Governor Engler, my are different. Michigan’s manufacturers are friend, thank you, sir, for that kind introduc- not just competing with a few outgunned tion, and my congratulations to you for try- adversaries. They are up against tough, ing to bring fiscal sanity to this wonderful hard-nosed competitors in practically every State. And it’s a great pleasure to be met developed country. Today, the new reality by your Texas wife, Michelle, who’s with is simply this: If we want to succeed eco- us today. And also it’s a great pleasure to nomically at home, we have got to compete see another old friend, a great leader of economically abroad. the State of Michigan, Lieutenant Governor All we seem to hear on the news is gloom Connie Binsfeld, who was out there at the and doom. But let’s not overlook some of airport, too. Thank you for being there. the fundamentals that prove that we are Mike Guido, the Mayor, is with us; I salute poised, not there yet, but poised for a na- him. And one last thank-you to Jerry War- tional recovery. Interest rates are lower now ren, a former banker and now the miracle than at any point in the past 10 years. The worker that can produce such a fantastic prime rate is now 6.5 percent. Inflation, crowd on such short notice. Now, Jerry, if most would agree, is under control. Monthly you want to go into the banking business retail sales are up 1.3 percent in February, again—[laughter]—there may be an open- on top of a 2.1-percent rise in January. And ing in Washington, DC, on Capitol Hill. I then you know the story on housing starts; think this guy could do it. they’re up 5.5 percent since December. It’s a pleasure to be back before this out- And for all our troubles, America is still standing group. Four short days from now, the world’s dominant economy, the one Michigan faces a choice, and you’ll make market other countries want to crack, the a decision that will really shape the way this economy producing goods in demand in country copes with the big issues, the issues every country, every corner of the world. that shape the world and the values close to home. And I am talking about jobs. I’m Right now, nationwide, we’re in the midst talking about family. And I’m talking about of a record export boom, one that’s driven world peace for ourselves and also for our the trade deficit down 35 percent in the children. past year alone. And American exports have Right now, the most important issue fac- doubled, doubled since 1985. Not only do ing Michigan and this country is clearly the we export more than any other country, but economy. It’s my number one priority, jobs. we’ve been gaining ground, not losing it to Manufacturing—you know it perhaps better our competitors. And I fully realize this has than most—has been the greatest generator not always been true for our auto industry, of good jobs in American history. Take a but these are fundamentals that we can look at the auto industry. I’m speaking not build on, the raw material, if you will, to simply about the jobs created in the indus- manufacture the solid, strong recovery that try itself but the thousands upon thousands I am confident we will see. of jobs in supplier and spinoff businesses. It looks different here in Detroit. Michi- Manufacturing is and always will be a basic gan’s been through some extraordinarily strength of this country’s economy. No na- tough times. And there’s no sense pretend- tion will ever lead the world without a ing that things are better than they are. But strong manufacturing base. there’s also no sense underestimating our Fifty years ago, this great State of Michi- strengths and exaggerating our weaknesses. gan earned the proud title of Arsenal of The simple fact is, we face a future with Democracy. Industries centered here had both challenges and opportunities. no peers and practically no competitors any- In the past years, the United States has

442 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / Mar. 13 helped bring about change that has re- caps that we got enacted a year and a half shaped our world for the better. We’re the ago. That’s the only protection the taxpayer country that won the cold war, that drew has. a line on the sand and drove a dictator out And guess what? You’re right. The Con- of Kuwait. And we are the country that gress wants to get rid of those spending caps made sacrifices for freedom in four corners now and go back to the days of unchecked of the world. And because we did, right spending. And I am not going to let that here at home our children are less fearful happen. We’ve got enough votes to sustain of the threat of nuclear war, and they sleep a veto to see that that does not happen much more safely. to the American taxpayer. And yes, American leadership has We’ve got to put an end to excessive Gov- changed the world, and now what I want ernment regulation. Our companies can’t to do is use that same leadership to change compete if the Government chokes them America. I don’t think there’s anyone in this off in redtape. And we’ve got to stop coun- room who doesn’t believe that the key to terproductive regulations that cripple your America’s economic future is our ability to freedom of action and cost this country jobs. lead, to succeed in the world economically So I’ve ordered a 90-day review of all new as we have politically. And that’s what my regulations with this aim in mind: Whatever economic plan is all about. contributes to economic growth goes for- Back in January, 45 days ago today, I sent ward, and whatever stifles growth gets Congress a specific short-term action plan scrapped. to stimulate this economy, to spark a recovery as early as this spring, a recovery that We’re at midpoint in that review. But would increase auto sales and create jobs. even now, you can see results. The sheer And when I sent that plan to Capitol Hill, volume of new rules and regulations is down I set a deadline: one short week from now, to 25 a week, from 6 times that amount March 20th, almost 2 months from the day just a year ago. That’s progress. Already I challenged the Congress. we’ve announced regulatory relief to benefit And you know the story. Congress barely sectors of our economy from biotech to en- gave my plan a glance before they got busy ergy. And we’re looking now for creative on their own agenda: 90 billion dollar tax new ways to use regulations to clean up increase that will threaten our recovery and our environment, using market forces where cost us jobs. Any economist worth his salt possible. will tell you the last thing this economy Times have changed since the day nearly needs is a massive tax increase. And you two decades ago when CAFE standards can count on this: If the Democrats send came into existence. And we now know that me that plan, they can get ready for a veto CAFE can cost a lot of jobs and even lives the minute it hits my desk. I am not going on the highway. And right now, through my to accept it. Department of Transportation, I’ve been I believe that my plan—I’m convinced of working with the auto industry and the it, and I’ve talked to lots of business people UAW to fight irresponsible legislation. And and lots of economists—I am convinced my I will not sign CAFE legislation that will plan will make America more competitive. destroy the auto industry and cost American It includes seven things that we’ve got to jobs. accomplish to ensure a strong market for We will take several regulatory steps af- America and for the automotive industry. fecting the auto industry in the near future. We’ve got to reduce Government spend- There is one that I want to announce today. ing and draw the line against new taxes. For some time, the EPA has been consider- Deficit spending dries up sources of savings ing a requirement to order that all new cars the private sector must have to invest, to be equipped with these onboard canisters grow, and to create new jobs. And there’s to catch and contain fumes coming from only one protection the taxpayer has against the gas pump. As a result of our regulatory uncontrolled, what we call discretionary review, we have decided against such a rule. spending in Washington: those spending The Department of Transportation de-

443 Mar. 13 / Administration of George Bush, 1992 termined that onboard canisters pose a real today. And we won’t have a first-class econ- risk to safety, a risk we simply cannot im- omy with second-rate schools. To have the pose on American drivers. best economy, you have to have the best If we want to make America more com- educated work force. And that’s the idea petitive, we’ve got to move forward on civil behind our wonderful program known as justice reform as well. Too many businesses America 2000, America 2000 strategy, our can’t start up or keep going because too plan to revolutionize, to literally reinvent many lawyers and too many lawsuits get in America’s schools. the way, 18 million lawsuits every year And finally, we’ve got to work to open alone. Right here in Detroit, there are busi- markets around the world to American ness men and women ready to expand, goods. Earlier this year, some of the people ready to hire new workers, stopped cold by here today went with me to Japan. And we the fear of litigation. All told, when you add all took a little grief, a little flak in the press in indirect expenses, lawsuits cost this econ- for that trip. But the fact is, that trip laid omy $300 billion a year. And it’s time for down a marker. The business community reform, time to replace the explosion of is beginning to understand this. It signaled mindless litigation with a little common to our trade partners that I am very serious sense. about free and fair trade. Level the playing I have called on the Congress to pass re- field, and American workers and American form in this area. It’s a crime when you business can compete with anyone. And have people that don’t dare coach Little we’ll keep pushing to open markets that for League baseball because they’re afraid too long have been closed to quality Amer- they’re going to get sued or doctors unwill- ican goods. ing to deliver babies because they’re afraid We’ve already seen a payoff: new markets they’re going to get some malicious mal- for America in Japan’s computer, glass, and practice suit filed against them. paper market, all as a direct result of that I know the business people here would agree with this one, but we’ve got to keep trip. And American access to the Japanese our Nation on the cutting edge of new tech- Government mainframe computer market nologies. That’s why I’ve proposed record alone could mean an additional $5.5 billion Federal funding for R&D, research and de- in computer sales. velopment. It’s why we back initiatives like And we’ve seen positive steps in the auto- one I signed at the White House last Octo- motive industry as well; not everything we ber to create a battery consortium to pio- want, but we’ve seen positive steps. Japan’s neer a new generation of electric cars. And auto industry intends to purchase an addi- in the global competition, it’s going to come tional $10 billion worth of U.S. auto parts down to this: The best way to master new by 1994. And the benefits won’t simply flow markets is to make them. to the Big Three. Detroit Center Tool re- And if we want to be more competitive, ports that its sales in Japan will jump 500 we have got to encourage investment. That’s percent this year alone to $30 million. why I’ve called on Congress to pass my in- And that trip was the beginning of an vestment tax allowance, speed up the front- important process that we are going to con- end depreciation so people can buy capital tinue, opening markets around the world. equipment and write it off faster. And addi- And that also means, in my view, a success- tionally, Congress ought to cut the tax on ful conclusion to the Uruguay round, GATT capital gains so we can compete with for- round. It’s absolutely essential that we open eign interest. But political demagogs call markets, reduce these barriers. that a tax break for the rich. Let me tell So far today, I’ve talked about my plan, you something, you know what it is in Japan my plan to get the economy growing again and Germany? Zero percent and one per- and to get this country ready for the chal- cent. And we’re up there in the stratosphere lenges of a new century. So let me repeat, somewhere. here’s what I’ll do, and give it to you We have got to provide our children, in straight: I will veto mandates that pass the addition, with a 21st-century education, buck to business and hurt competitiveness.

444 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / Mar. 13

I will veto job-destroying tax increases and in a highly partisan, shrill, not overly pleas- fight for job-creating incentives. And I will ant election year. And when the rhetoric fight to open markets around the world to heats up, it gets tough separating the fact American products. And I will fight against from the fiction. Well, I can tell you this: the forces of isolationism who want us to All the quick-fix schemes in the world will turn our back and run away from the future. not get us where we want to go. Some of That’s some of what I can do. And here’s them have wonderful political appeal, but what you in the business community must they’re not going to get us where we want do. But if we’re going to work together to to go. And the plan that I’ve laid out today make America more competitive, you’ve got will help America take on the toughest com- to continue your commitment to train and petition and win. retrain your workers, give them the skills And so, let’s not wring our hands, try to they’ll need to cope with a changing work- run away from a challenge. We’ve never place. And to help workers adjust to new done that. Let’s do what America always economic conditions, Government can help, does when challenge comes our way: Let’s too. For example, last week a Department change America for the better. If we can of Labor task force was here with the rep- install ourselves through action and prin- resentatives of the UAW and GM on just ciple as the undisputed leader of the free that issue. Also, you’ve got to continue to world, a leader with newfound credibility build on recent progress that has labor and around the world, we can do the same thing management working as allies, not adversar- here at home. ies. No company can compete when it is So I ask you to join me in this challenge. a war within itself. And you’ve got to fight Join me in supporting these objectives I for foreign markets, make the commitment have spelled out, and we can and will for the long haul. change America and help the lives of every I, a long time ago—and I hate to bring single American worker and business person it up in a room of successful business peo- in this country. ple, like the one that’s here today—but was in a business, started the small business. Thank you very much. And may God And I think I know what it’s like. I do know bless our wonderful country. Thank you. what it’s like to sweat to make a payroll, Governor Engler. Thank you very much, to run risks, to succeed, and to overcome Mr. President, for that wonderful address setbacks, too. And we all know how to and that economic plan for our country. measure performance. Performance is And now we have some specific questions measured by performance improved: people that have been submitted by members of back at work, assembly lines up and run- the Detroit Economic Club and some spe- ning, putting out a superior product, and cial guests. The first one actually—I’m sure bringing in a profit. that Chris McAllister from J.R. King Ele- I want to close today, before taking a cou- mentary School, who says ‘‘grade six’’ at the ple of questions here, by saying I know bottom of the card, is not a member but when I decided to come here I was going may be a guest here today. And he asks to a great city—been here many times; I’ve a question that’s on the minds of a lot of been privileged to be your guest at the Eco- people: President Bush, why did you choose nomic Club several times—going to a State a Texas plant over Willow Run? that’s experienced hard times. But I came The President. Let me take that question here for that very reason: to look you in very seriously because—and I am reluctant the eye, and to tell you what we are going to make it this definitive. I was told today, to do to turn this economy around. And I hadn’t seen it because I don’t read too I have too much respect for the people in much of what Senator Riegle says, but— this room, too much respect for the men [laughter]—I was told today—I’m very seri- and women who work the assembly lines, ous about this because this a challenge to to expect you to settle for anything short my integrity as President of the United of the truth. States, and when it gets on that basis I take And yes, we’re in an election year. We’re it seriously. And I was told by the Governor

445 Mar. 13 / Administration of George Bush, 1992 and I was told by a Congressman that I The President. The debt is an enormous was accused by that Senator of intervening worry. And for those who live and die by in the GM process, the private sector proc- polls, really for the first time, the deficit ess. And I’m standing here to tell you with and debt is about number one, I believe everything I can muster that I made no it is number one in the polls. I’ll give you such intervention. And I take it as a direct an example of what we’re trying to do with attack on my character to have a United it. One, I’m going to try to keep the caps States Senator say that. It is a bald-faced on discretionary domestic spending. Gov- lie. And Bob Stempel is right when he said ernment is too big, and it spends too much. it is. And right now I’m in a big fight in the That sixth grader is on to something. Congress. The 1990 budget agreement did [Laughter] place caps on all discretionary spending. It Governor Engler. The UAW, AFL-CIO did not touch the part of the budget that’s is actively working against your reelection. growing the fastest, the entitlements, but With times as tough as they are right now, it did put a cap on domestic spending. And what chance do you see of winning the now the Democrats in Congress—not all of rank-and-file worker in a State like Michi- them, thank heavens—are trying to remove gan? the caps. They’re saying this: ‘‘We can take The President. Well, I saw the UAW defense cuts now.’’ And I’ve proposed $50 seems to be supporting Jerry Brown. That billion, and some of them are saying, ‘‘Oh, may not be accurate; I don’t know. Look, we can do more. We’ll take $150 billion.’’ one, there’s time for politics; two, there’s And that would cut right into the muscle time for trying to lead this country. These of our defense and make us unable to re- are good people. Their families are hurting. spond to any eventuality around the world. Some have a job today, not sure they’ll have But they’re trying now to say, we’re going it tomorrow. And so my answer to them to take that defense spending and spend is, I want to change this economy. it, defense money and spending it. And I tried to spell out here today, and And I’m saying no, we’re going to keep I hope some of them heard it, a program, up what they call the firewalls, the dif- a seven-point incentive program plus a ferent—the caps on defense and the caps broader program that will, indeed, get this on other domestic spending. And when we economy moving now and stimulate it, and cut defense by the $50 billion I rec- then we’ll also be sure that we are competi- ommend, we will use that to reduce the tive into the future. Federal deficit. So I would like to address myself—I know And I’m in a whale of a fight in the Con- that the unions early on decided they were gress to do just that. And that is small com- going to support somebody else for Presi- pared to the overall size of the deficit, but dent. But for me, this transcends a political it is a beginning. And again, I need your endorsement or political opposition. We help because we are outnumbered in a fight have got to get the economy moving. like this. It is too easy in an election year There’s a lot of families that are hurting to promise some new Government spending out there, and I think what I’ve proposed program. And I have got to fight it. I have here today is the answer. got to keep the caps on, and I’ve got to Governor Engler. As a businessman run- apply the reductions in defense spending ning a 60-employee family company, I must to this deficit to show the American people run a tight ship in order to survive in a that we are concerned and we don’t want difficult economy. What can be done to see to continue mortgaging the future of our that our Federal Government begins now young people. to reduce America’s $2 trillion debt so we Governor Engler. We have time for about can enjoy a prosperous economy in the three more questions according to the coming years? That’s from David Keller, watch I was given. So President Bush—this and related to that is another card that has is sort of like the old ‘‘Ask George Bush’’ a question: What is the status of the line- program that I remember from the Vice item veto? President’s days—President Bush, do you

446 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / Mar. 13 have any plans for changing antitrust laws some that says that a free trade agreement to enable a closer relationship between is going to result simply in an export of Government, business, and labor? jobs. It is not going to do that. And I believe The President. There’s a review going on, that we ought to keep pressing for it. I don’t and I don’t know how it’s going to come care what the politics of it are; I think it out. We have tried to lighten up on this is best. concept that was overly restrictive on anti- And I want to do exactly the same thing trust, where businesses couldn’t even talk this NAFTA, this North American free to each other for fear of antitrust attacks trade agreement—I want to do exactly the on them when they were trying to improve same thing with the successful conclusion things generally in the community, for ex- of the Uruguay round. And Michigan has ample. a lot of agriculture. And I believe that if I can’t give you a definitive answer as to we are successful, we will be opening up how that comes out. I do think we’ve got all kinds of markets abroad for agriculture. a ways to go before we can certify that the I think we can do better in property rights. antitrust laws are not excessively burden- And so we have two major initiatives in some. They are excessively burdensome. international trade. One is the NAFTA, And I think by still protecting against mo- which is mainly with Mexico and Canada, nopoly and against conspiracies so prices go of course, and then I want to follow it with up, there’s a way that we can go to lighten opening trade south of there. And secondly up on antitrust and to be sure that these is the Uruguay round. laws do not set us back from competition abroad. And the other point I want to make on You know and I know that many people this hemisphere is this. We look at the in foreign competition target industries. changes that have taken place in the former They get together. They have what you call Soviet Union. And we look at the changes financial centralized planning. We don’t do that are taking place in Africa, for example, that in this country, but I think we’ve South Africa and Zambia. But sometimes leaned too far the other way when it comes we don’t look into our own front yard, the to the tightness of antitrust. So we’re taking exciting markets of Latin America. And a hard look on it, and I hope we can still there, take a look at what’s happened: Mili- protect against monopolistic practice and tary dictatorships have given away to de- still lighten up so that we can be much mocracies. Communist regimes, a la Nica- more competitive around the world. ragua, have given away to democracies. And Governor Engler. Fearing the loss of jobs, there’s only one holdout against democracy big labor opposes the proposed free trade in this hemisphere really, except for the agreement with Mexico. Why do you feel problems in Haiti. It’s Cuba. It is Cuba. the agreement will be beneficial to the And democracy is on the move. United States? And what I want to do is help find ways The President. In the first place, I am to strengthen those economies so they can absolutely convinced, absolutely convinced be not only perfecting their democracies but that in passing the NAFTA, the free trade be better markets for American goods and agreement with Mexico, we call it the North services. And it is an exciting message down American free trade agreement, it will cre- there. We are doing a first-class job on ate more jobs. I’m convinced that it’s good working with these Latin American, South for the environment. I believe a more pros- American countries. And we ought not to perous Mexico, and there’s going to be neglect it. prosperity on both sides if we can get the And while saying neglect, let me add this proper kind of agreement, will be able to point—too long an answer to a very simple address itself to these environmental prob- question—but it has been suggested that I lems. I believe a more prosperous Mexico turn my attention away from national secu- will be an even better market for U.S. rity matters and foreign affairs. I don’t think goods. a President should do that. I think it’s im- And so, I do not accept the wisdom of portant to find the right balance between

447 Mar. 13 / Administration of George Bush, 1992 doing something for the domestic economy a heroic job working to stimulate growth but recognizing that it’s only the United in Michigan’s economy by sponsoring the States of America that can lead this free cut and cap plan for property tax relief. world. And I am not going to neglect my What can be done at the Federal level that responsibilities overseas, but I darn sure am would have similar impact to Michigan’s cut going to pay as much attention as it requires and cap? And that will be the last question, to get this economy moving. Mr. President. Governor Engler. This is another question The President. Well, give me another one from a youngster, Calvin Paines, I believe because I think I answered it, I hope I an- the name is, from J.R. King School in De- swered it, in my remarks. And so it’s not troit: Will there be jobs for black children fair to take you over that turf again, so I’ll in the future? take one more. The President. I hope there will, and I I believe the best thing we can do is to think there will. And one of the reasons incentivize this economy. Control the Gov- I’m so excited about America 2000, in which ernment spending as best one can; that many of the business people I see sitting means sometimes vetoing legislation. Light- in this room are already assisting, is that en up on the regulatory front; and then, our education program will result in just in a longer vein, more, better education. that kind of opportunity. And I think that’s the answer to this econ- I met with some people from the National omy. League of Cities, and one of the things that But give me one more because that’s not concerned this—this is a little addition to fair. Maybe it’s not. this guy’s question—they told me, the mayors from big cities, small cities, Democrats, Governor Engler. I just like the question Republicans, liberal, conservative, ‘‘The a lot. [Laughter] We’ll get to one more thing that concerns us the most about the here. urban problems is the decline in the Amer- The President. What about the one that ican family.’’ says Engler’s screwing it up, we’re not going We have appointed a Commission led by to——[laughter]. Governor Ashcroft and former Mayor Governor Engler. Passed over that one Strauss of Dallas to figure out what we can right away. [Laughter] do, what legislation is diminishing the fam- We’ll end on a political question here. As- ily. And underlying it all is the need for suming you will be nominated, overall, do more education. And so I would say to this you think Pat Buchanan’s campaign efforts sixth grader, I think you’ve got a whale of will hurt the Republican Party chances in an opportunity. November? And let me say this also: I have been The President. My answer to that question disturbed by kind of an ugliness out there. is no. I am going to continue to try to run When things get tough, one person loses what I hope has been a high-level cam- his job to another, people are uncertain paign. And I’m going to try to keep focusing about the future. They’ve lost confidence on the issues. I’ll say this, because it’s not in the country, maybe in the President, cer- easy to find a balance in a competitive elec- tainly in the Congress, I think, too. But nev- tion year between how much time you de- ertheless, when that happens, somehow an vote to the campaign trail, how much time ugliness crops up. And let me say this, let’s you spend in the Oval Office trying to help leave this politics aside: Bigotry and dis- people and trying to solve the problems of crimination and anti-Semitism have abso- this country. lutely no place in America. And I’m going Last week on Super Tuesday, we had to continue to stand up for that principle. eight States. And I felt I should at least Governor Engler. I have in my hands the make an appearance in each of the eight last question. I was going to ask this one States so it didn’t look like I was taking first, but it’s unsigned. It starts out, Gov- something for granted, turning my back on ernor John Engler has done a heroic job— the people whose votes were very, very im- [laughter]—and it goes on. It could stop portant in those States. And so I went to there but, no, Governor John Engler’s done one, and I think some drew the conclusion

448 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / Mar. 16 from that, that was a little frenetic. lenging me. I feel very, very confident about Super Tuesday was very, very good to me. winning this primary. But I think now I’ve And we will now have our primary here got the proper balance as to how much— and in Illinois on Tuesday. I think that and it wouldn’t help a bit to try to assess we’ve found the right balance. I think in for you the opposition. That’s what the elec- terms of a primary challenge, the thing I tions are about. must do is not get after the opponent. Let But I know these are nonpolitical gather- him chart his course, make up his decision ings, but if you’re Republican, please vote on what to do. And let me now spend much for me on Tuesday. more time—Super Tuesday out of the way; Thank you very much. Michigan and Illinois by Tuesday—in trying to get these things done that I have outlined here. Note: The President spoke at 12:50 p.m. in And then we’re going to be interacting the Grand Manor Ballroom at Fairlane overseas. Of course, Yeltsin’s coming here; Manor. In his remarks, he referred to Jerry Helmut Kohl, I think, will be here next Warren, president of the Economic Club of weekend. And there’s a lot of things of this Detroit, and Robert C. Stempel, president nature that I must attend to. and chief operating officer of General Mo- And so I can’t fault somebody for chal- tors Corp.

Exchange With Reporters Aboard Air Force One March 16, 1992

Iraq Cable News Network]. Q. Mr. President, exactly what is your ap- Q. What did you think about Tariq ‘Aziz’s proach towards Iraq at this point? There appearance at the United Nations? Did he are constant stories about desires to take seem to be foot-dragging? action, to put carriers—[inaudible]. Where The President. Yes, bobbing and weaving. do you stand now? The President. We stand that we are just insisting in every way we can that Iraq com- House Bank Controversy ply with the United Nations resolutions. Q. How much do you think this check And I’m not discussing options. All options scandal’s going to hurt the House? Do you are open. And we’re consulting our allies, think people should vote based on whether as we have in various phases of the Iraq or not a Member bounced a bunch of situation. So I wouldn’t read too much into checks? the movement of a carrier, inasmuch as we The President. No, I think you’ve got to have carrier elements up in the Gulf from look at the whole situation. But people are time to time. But on the other hand, I think outraged by it. And I think each individual it’s fair to say we are determined that they case has to be viewed as to its content. But follow through on what they said they’d do; I’m waiting and watching it unfold. I think serious business here. And the United Na- it’s an institutional thing. I think people are tions is saying firm—our Ambassador up very concerned, but I’m not jumping on any there put it very well. And so we’re watch- individual. I mean, I think everyone has his ing and hoping they will fully comply. own case, his or her own case to make to Q. Does that mean that action is not im- their constituents or to the people. minent? That you are willing to give them Q. Will you support Congressman Ging- time? rich’s call for a special prosecutor? The President. I just would leave it where The President. Well, I haven’t even talked I stated it, Charles [Charles Bierbauer, to our attorneys about that.

449 Mar. 16 / Administration of George Bush, 1992

Illinois and Michigan Primaries Q. Don’t you give them a speech there Q. What do you look for in Michigan and tomorrow? Illinois? The President. Down there? The President. Victory. Q. Yes. Q. What kind of victory? How big? The President. Well, I don’t know. It de- The President. No, no, no. Never try to pends on what they work out on the actual say how high the high bar should be on presentation. these primaries. I haven’t done it. I’ve been Legislative Action very pleased. They seem to be getting better and better. But I’m just—keep working Q. What are your plans for March 20th, to try to, one, get the message out on the sir? primaries, but two, try to address myself to The President. I just hope the Congress the problems facing this country. And I am does what I’ve asked. And it’s not impos- doing that. And I’m just going to keep on sible. But it’s—they’re coming along with doing that. a great big tax increase. And I just—this Q. Are you going to offer any goodies one, I think, Tsongas is on to something. to the people of Illinois and Wisconsin He says this is purely political. I think he’s today, any Federal aid, Federal—— right about that, what the Senate and House The President. Well, got a good program appear to be doing. for them in terms of this economy. I just Q. Would you look to veto one of those hope that they can use their influence with bills, or veto that bill this week? a recalcitrant Senate and House. The President. Oh yes, definitely will veto Well, welcome aboard. It’s just a pleasure if it comes down close to what they did having you fellows here. It’s a little long in the House. trip, but it will be a good one. Q. Do you think you’ll get it this week though, sir? Presidential Medal of Freedom The President. I don’t know. I just don’t Q. An early one tomorrow, too. know. Nobody seemed too sure of it when The President. What? I left this morning. Q. An early one tomorrow. I better get going. The President. Look, I’m very much look- Q. You don’t really expect them to do ing forward to that tomorrow. I have a very it, do you? high regard for Sam Walton and what he’s The President. Don’t expect it, but it done and the way in which he’s done it. would be nice, though, if they’d do some- And so to me, that one, I know some will thing for the American people instead of say it’s political. It is purely nonpolitical. It raising taxes and spending the money. is to honor a great American. And that one I’m glad you asked about because I really Note: The exchange took place in the morn- feel viscerally and emotionally connected ing while the President was en route from with tomorrow’s visit. Washington, DC, to Milwaukee, WI.

Remarks to Steeltech Employees in Milwaukee, Wisconsin March 16, 1992

Well, this is an exciting day. And Janet, ing venture. And David, let me just say, thank you for the introduction. And of from what I’ve seen, you have an awful lot course, to the Guerrero family who greeted to be proud of, not just in things, not just us here, some of them milling around with in what’s happening but in the people that cameras, the boss up here, many, many make up this organization of yours. Good thanks for this warm welcome to this excit- morning also to Chuck Wallace. And it’s

450 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / Mar. 16 good to, obviously great to be back with history. two dear friends of mine, Governor Tommy One of the most impressive things about Thompson and Senator Bob Kasten, each Steeltech, and I referred to this earlier, is in his own way doing a superb job for our its vision of its workers. David Guerrero and country. May I also salute Mayor Norquist, Jan Crosby and others go to the hardest modestly standing on the side, and thank hit parts of minority communities here for him for attending today. Thank you, sir. And their recruits. And some have been impris- with him, the county executive is with us oned; some are longtime unemployed. And today, Mr. Schultz. Thank you, sir, for being I like what David says about these new be- with us. And I was looking because back ginnings. Here’s his quote: ‘‘Forget about out of the limelight is one of America’s the past. Look to the future.’’ And after in- great heroes, a winner of the Congressional tensive training with partner schools, these Medal of Honor, Gary Wetzel, but he’s— men and women become part of the high- he was there, but anyway—here he is right quality, self-confident, drug-free Steeltech over here. Proud to have him with us today. team. You know, Tommy—to me, Governor And what a great team it is. Let me men- Thompson is fond of saying there are only tion just a couple: players like Chester two seasons in Wisconsin, winter and road Gandy, who learned to weld at 47; Larry construction. So I guess I’m glad to say that Holliman, who was honored by Mayor spring is just around the corner. Norquist for perfect attendance; and father And I am proud to be with you today. And I want the media here to carry your and son workers Gilbert Buenrostro II and message into every living room in this Na- III, two of them starting a family tradition. tion because we’re waging a battle today And they’re all part of this Steeltech team in America, a battle for jobs and for our that last year produced $1.8 million in sales economic future. And Steeltech is the kind and that this year expects to top $10 million. of success story that points the way to vic- Remarkable, and it’s not even the second tory. It was a dream that its supporters anniversary of this firm yet. refuse to call impossible, a dream of startup, And soon, you’re going to move into what minority-owned firm, but committed to ex- David described to me as a neighborhood cellence. And Steeltech grew out of extraor- factory, your new state-of-the-art plant with dinary bipartisan public-private cooperation, the largest automated E-coat painting line combining government action with eco- in the United States. And there you’ll help nomic initiative and the strong support of contribute to the national defense of this the community. And that is essential. country, working with Gene Goodson of Governor Thompson on the State level, Oshkosh, making high-quality steel compo- a great believer; Mayor Norquist, I’m told, nents for the PLS, the new military cargo on the city level, a great believer; and then truck. And we’re proud to have you working Jack Kemp, our Secretary of HUD, who for America under a Federal Government helped win a HUD grant; Pat Saiki, back contract. And I am proud, very proud, to in Washington, who is head of the SBA, be here to salute each and every one of and she helped qualify this company as a you. small disadvantaged business concern, that You should know, I hope you know that gave it another kick. I’m trying very hard to fight for a better And I’ve heard about the private sector’s economic climate not just for people here involvement from Fred Luber, especially but all across our country. And you’ve heard about Roger Peirce and the great folks at me talk about the economic growth plan Super Steel who have held out a hand of that I’ve asked Congress to pass by March hospitality. So, what I’ve glimpsed, what I’ve 20th. That’s this coming Friday. And the just seen, seen the periscope of, really, is plan offers new incentives to stimulate the a precedent-setting teamwork that brought economy in certain ways, incentives like an about what I’m told, and I believe this is investment tax allowance that will help true, David, is the largest manufacturing mi- these kinds of dynamic companies to ex- nority business enterprise in the Nation’s pand, speed up the depreciation rate so

451 Mar. 16 / Administration of George Bush, 1992 business can invest and get that payback with excessive regulation in it, I will have sooner. It’s critical to get congressional ap- to veto it and send it back. We simply can- proval immediately. not tie the hands of our workers, tie the Let me just mention today another battle hands of our businesses. for the health of the economy. And I don’t And so, I’m tremendously impressed, in know how badly you’ve been impacted by summary, by just what I’ve seen here today, it, David, but I’m talking about the struggle by you. And as I travel across the country against excessive regulation. American work- now I’ve got a wonderful story to take with ers have shown to foreign competitors that me. And I will tell other Americans about given a level playing field, given equal rules, a place where people still believe in hope, we can outthink, outperform, outproduce where they work together for their neigh- anyone, anytime, and anyplace. Well, a level bors, where they succeed. And I’ll tell the playing field outside the United States is story of Steeltech, and I’ll end by saying well and good, but you’ll never reach it if these men and women prove that the Amer- you have to run yourselves to exhaustion ican dream can still come true. I just wish here at home on a treadmill of overzealous each and every one of you that might not regulation. Yes, we all have obligations for be intimately familiar with this firm could the safety, for example, of workers in the have heard the spirit of the workers that workplace. But we can’t be overzealous; we I was privileged to talk to, albeit briefly, can’t go too far. when I first came into this plant. And so, in my recent State of the Union So thank you, David. And thank all of Message, I instituted a 90-day freeze on you for what you’re doing in this wonderful, proposed and existing Federal regs that I would say, experience; let me call it in- would hinder economic growth. And now stead a success story. I will take this mes- we’re speeding up rules that help growth sage out and bring it home to America: We and halting rules that would harm the econ- can succeed. We will succeed. And we will omy. Overregulation here in the U.S. can get this economy moving dynamically in the give foreign corporations an advantage over future. us. And it can also drive businesses to move Thank you all very, very much. their factories overseas. And let me assure you, we are going to continue this fight until Note: The President spoke at 11:05 a.m. at we roll back all of the overregulation. Steeltech Manufacturing, Inc. In his re- During and after this 90-day freeze, our marks, he referred to Steeltech officers G. administration is going to do everything it David Guerrero, president and chief execu- can to roll this tide back and then to go tive officer, Charles L. Wallace, chairman forward with reform legislation. Some of it of the board, and Janet E. Crosby, human to win the battle against excessive regula- resources manager; Super Steel Products tions requires legislation itself. And we’re Corp. officers Fred G. Luber, chairman and going to fight against those in Congress who chief executive officer, and Roger D. Peirce, try to impose new and unacceptable regu- president and chief operating officer; and latory burdens on Americans’ livelihood. R. Eugene Goodson, chief executive officer And if Congress sends me any legislation of Oshkosh Truck Corp.

Remarks at a Bush-Quayle Fundraising Luncheon in Milwaukee March 16, 1992

Thank you, Governor Thompson, and elected. And I’m glad to be here with him thank all of you for that warm welcome. today. Sue Ann, it is such a treat to see you again. And earlier this morning, we were out at May I second the motion on Bob Kasten; a very dynamic steel company. And I want it is absolutely essential that he be re-

452 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / Mar. 16 to thank Fred Luber for his sponsorship and nate and elect men and women who share leadership in seeing this minority business our values. We’ve got more to do to get out there have a real shot at the American America on the right track. And so I am dream. But with us out there was Lieuten- asking you today for 4 more years as Presi- ant Governor Scott McCallum and his wife, dent of the United States of America. Laurie, both with us here today. I salute America was built on faith, family, and them. And may I single out former Sec- freedom. And these form the foundation of retary of Commerce Bob Mosbacher, who our great country. And we must now renew is now a cochairman of our campaign, sit- those sources of our strength. We must ting down here. And Bobby Holt’s with us allow common sense to prevail, for example, somewhere, our national finance chairman. in our welfare system, forge a new connec- And I am very, very grateful to both of tion between welfare and work. And as I’ve them. And Bob did a superb job for com- said, I am encouraging States to seek waiv- merce in this country. Thank you, Mr. ers to reform the Nation’s welfare programs. Mosbacher. And today, standing right here, Governor And I could not possibly come back to Thompson is submitting such a waiver re- Wisconsin without saluting my longtime quest, and I look forward to receiving it. friend—picked me up, dusted me off in the You’re on the right track right here in dark ages when we were really down and Wisconsin with learnfare, Bob referred to been at my side ever since, same for this, with workfare, and the proposed Pa- Tommy—and I’m talking about John rental Responsibility Act. Those are just a MacIver, our Bush-Quayle chairman over few of the reasons why more and more peo- here. And again, our thanks to Fred Luber ple are beginning to say, ‘‘Watch Wisconsin for cochairing this and his wife, Ann; and because Wisconsin works.’’ also for Wisconsin’s chairman, David Opitz; and Mike Grebe over here, a longtime The people of the country, like the people friend and now our national committeeman. of the State, are not stingy. Americans are You have a wonderful team. a caring people. If somebody else is hurting, Someone asked me what I think of the we feel it. And we support welfare for fami- challenger who has no leadership experi- lies in need. But Americans want to see ence whatsoever but thinks he’s qualified government at every level, for example, to assume high office. Frankly, I think Phil work together to track down the deadbeat Garner will do a fine job with the Brewers, dads, the ones who can’t be bothered to outstanding. [Laughter] And it is good to pay child support. And they want to see get out of Washington. And I’ll tell you, us break this cycle, this ugly and deplorable what’s going on on Capitol Hill right now cycle of dependency that destroys dignity gives new meaning to the phrase, ‘‘The and then passes down poverty from one check’s in the mail.’’ [Laughter] generation to the next. It’s wrong. It’s cruel. You know, too many people in Washing- And we’re working to change it. And we’re ton are fixated on the next election, and encouraging States to follow Governor too few are focused on the next generation. Thompson’s lead, to follow Wisconsin’s lead, And we are in a battle for our future. And with plans that help people break welfare we want America to lead the world in good dependency and begin learning work skills. jobs with productive work. And we want And we will continue to fight for the par- to and we will remain a force for world ents’ right to choose their children’s schools. peace and freedom. And we’re for fighting School choice is at the heart of our wonder- to protect our most basic institution, the fully exciting America 2000, our strategy to family. revolutionize, literally revolutionize, Amer- That’s why this year of decision is so vital ican education. for America. And that’s why April’s primary And Wisconsin knows what I mean. Think election and November’s general election of the groundbreaking efforts of Polly Wil- are vital to our future. I’m asking you to liams, whom I talked to from Air Force One get out to vote and create a resounding this morning. This State pioneered the mandate to transform America. Let’s nomi- frontier of school choice, because, as

453 Mar. 16 / Administration of George Bush, 1992

Tommy said, the Governor said, ‘‘It was the And Wisconsin works, and it’s time Wash- right thing to do.’’ And I’m grateful to say ington woke up to why. And I am again it looks like your State supreme court would calling on the Congress to cut the tax on agree. And there are those who find change capital gains. It is a job creator, not a break difficult. And some say, ‘‘Slow down.’’ And for the rich. we say to them, ‘‘Get out of the way.’’ But instead of passing my plan, the big Choice works in Wisconsin, and we’re going spenders that control the Congress had to take this crusade to every State in the other ideas. And here they are: In the Union. House of Representatives, a temporary cut Incidentally and perhaps parenthetically, for more people, tax cut; in the Senate, a here’s another choice I deeply support. I permanent cut for less people. How much? really believe, because I talk about family Twenty-five cents a day, a quarter a day and faith, I really believe our children have for each man, woman, and child in America. the right to choose voluntary prayer in school. And I’d like to see something done Fine, but what’s the catch? Ninety billion about it. dollars in new permanent taxes. And the Parents, not some bureaucrat in Washing- Democrats call that, as Bob knows, new rev- ton, know what is best for the kids. And enue. And I call it your money. that’s why I worked to win this child care And remember, we set a deadline, March bill, with Bob Kasten’s support, a bill that 20th, and that’s just 4 days away. And I gives parents the right to choose who pro- said to Congress, ‘‘Pass our plan. Help get vides the care. And we know America is our economy moving. Do something good first as long as we put the family first. and right now for the American people.’’ And for 3 years I’ve had to struggle fight- And we’ll fight, and we’ll win. We may have ing the liberal leadership of the Congress to veto—I will veto the tax bills if they come on these issues. And I’m going to continue out of the House and Senate anything like to stand and fight for principle even when they are today. Make no mistake about it. Congress stands in the way. And thank God And we’re going to keep to our leadership again for Bob Kasten and his cohorts on course in the world economy. Because if our side in the Senate. we want to succeed economically at home, We’ve put judges on the bench, on the and Tommy touched on this one, we’ve got Federal bench, who know their role is to to lead economically abroad. Trade with our interpret the law, not legislate from the neighbors, trade with the world is important Federal bench. And I will use the veto here in Wisconsin. And this State exports when I have to—another point—to stand $15.4 billion in manufactured goods in a for principle, to stand up for family values. single year, that’s billion dollars. And almost And if I had the kind of line-item power 200,000, I believe the figure is, Wisconsin that your Governor has, I would prove once jobs—somewhere in there—depend on ex- and for all, that the pen is mightier than ports, direct and indirect. the sword. As it is, even my friends have said that at times I was courting defeat by But my opponents are peddling protec- casting a veto out there instead of com- tionism, a retreat from economic reality. promising. But we’ve never lost a veto fight. You cut through all the patriotic posturing And I’ll never hesitate to use it when prin- and all the tough talk about ‘‘fighting back’’ ciple is at stake. by closing shop, and look closely. That is You remember, I asked Congress to pass not the American flag they’re waving. It is tax cuts and incentives to get the economy the white flag of surrender. And that’s not moving, to get real estate up and running, the America that you and I know. America to reward the risktakers who create good does not cut and run, and we compete. And jobs. And one reason Wisconsin has weath- never in this Nation’s long history have we ered the recession better than most of the turned our backs on a challenge, and we other States is that Wisconsin kept the cut simply are not going to start that now. on capital gains and Wisconsin business I put my faith in the American worker. taxes are among the lowest in the Nation. I mentioned this out there at the steel plant:

454 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / Mar. 16

Level the playing field and our worker, the and just being a wonderfully decent family American worker, will outthink, outproduce, person. And I know this sounds maybe a and outperform anyone, anywhere, anytime. little too prideful, but I think she’s been So we’ve got to let the world know this: a superb First Lady. And we are very Whatever the challenge, America will meet blessed, if you will, blessed to serve this it. We are in it to win. great Nation of ours at a moment when so Think back. Think back to just about a many of the old fears have been driven year ago, to the calm after Desert Storm. away and when so many new opportunities And ask any one of the proud sons and stand within our reach. Since the day I took daughters of Wisconsin who became lib- the oath of office I made it my responsibil- erators of Kuwait, and they’ll tell you that ity, my duty to try to do what is right for military strength doesn’t mean a thing with- this wonderful country that’s been so good out moral support right here at home. to us. I’ve given it my level-best, and I’m And yes, there were some who didn’t sup- not done yet. I am not finished. port us then, and there are those who sec- You and I have much more work before ond-guess us now. But not here, not in Wis- we’ve finished our mission. It’s a battle for consin. When I drew that line in the sand, our future: It’s about jobs; its about family; you stood with me. And never would this it’s about something big, world peace, the country tuck tail and let aggression stand. kind of legacy we’re going to leave our kids. And America did what was good and just, Together, we’ve made a great beginning. I and we did what was right. take great pride that the young people in And there are those who act as if Ameri- this country go to sleep today without quite ca’s work in the world is over—‘‘Come back; the fear of nuclear war that perhaps their come home.’’ And to them I say: We will parents had not so many years ago. We want never neglect America’s vital national inter- to renew the miracle of American enter- ests. And as far as our national defense prise. We want to strengthen the goes, I am going to continue to keep this underpinnings of our society, the values of country strong so that our worldwide credi- family and faith and freedom. bility, now at an all-time high, will help us And now we’re approaching an hour of strengthen democracy, freedom, and peace decision—and next month, right here in this around the entire world. Look around the State. Don’t wait until November. I’m ask- world. It is only our country, it is only the ing you to vote on April 7th in the Repub- United States of America that can lead the lican primary. Give me your vote in this world. And as long as I am President, I important election next month. Help me am going to stay engaged and do just exactly win 4 more years to lead the fight for these that. fundamental values we share. Let my opponents, both sides, sound the Thank you all so very, very much. And retreat, run from the new realities, seek ref- may God bless the United States of Amer- uge in a world of protectionism or high ica. Thank you. taxes or big Government. And let the analysts on the tube tick off everything that’s wrong in America. We know what’s right. And let me say, too, I am counting on the good people of Wisconsin to reject the ugly politics of hate that is rearing its head. Rac- Note: The President spoke at 12:18 p.m. at ism, anti-Semitism, and bigotry have no the Pfister Hotel. In his remarks, he referred place in the United States of America. And to Sue Ann Thompson, wife of Gov. Tommy we must continue to stand for that prin- Thompson; John K. MacIver, chairman, and ciple. Fred G. Luber, finance cochairman, Wis- Let me close by saying that, in the first consin Bush-Quayle campaign; David W. place, I’m very proud of our First Lady. Opitz, Wisconsin Republican Party chair- She’s not here, but I can say it with great man; Phil Garner, manager of the Milwau- pride in what Barbara Bush has done, rais- kee Brewers baseball team; and State legisla- ing the standards for literacy in this country tor Polly Williams.

455 Mar. 16 / Administration of George Bush, 1992

Remarks to the Polish National Alliance in Chicago, Illinois March 16, 1992

Well, thank you, Ed Moskal, very, very privilege to join with many of you in prayers much, and all of you for this welcome. May for peace and freedom and to lay a wreath I salute our great Governor, Jim Edgar, with at the memorial for the martyr of Solidarity, me here today. I think I heard you greet Father Popieluszko. him. My respects to Ed Dykla, to the How our prayers have been answered in bishop, to Father Phillips, and of course to those short years. It is unbelievable. Since one of your own, a great friend of ours who ’88, the whole world has been transformed. has helped so much in this administration, And that change really, if you look at your as he did in Congress; I’m talking about history, began in Poland. Poland overthrew Secretary Ed Derwinski, known to all of you that cruel tyranny that Stalin imposed after here. And may I pay my respects to Po- Yalta. Now imperial communism, the com- land’s consul general, Michal Grocholski, munism that always wanted to take over who is here behind us. Delighted to have someone else, is dead. The Soviet Union you here, sir. And again, thank you for that has ceased to exist. The threat of nuclear warm Chicago welcome. war has diminished dramatically. These are Somebody suggested that this visit has the blessings that millions of us have something to do with a primary election. worked and prayed to attain. True, I’m working to win that election. But For decades we faced a mortal danger. if anyone thinks we’ve got political head- The Communists fought to dominate the aches here, they’re nothing compared with world. The Soviet Union threatened the the problems that free Poland is facing very existence of free Europe and the today, particularly Lech Walesa is facing. United States, too, with its massive armies We have two major parties here in this and its nuclear arsenals. The Communists country. But look at all the parties he has persecuted believers and demolished the to contend with, close to 20, 20 at the last houses of worship. They imprisoned the count. Even the Polish Beer Drinkers’ Cardinal, Cardinal Wyszynski, and mur- Party—[laughter]—true, they’ve split into dered Father Popieluszko. two factions. Now, I know you follow Po- But all the while, believers, believers kept land, but I don’t know whether it’s the light on believing: Stubborn believers, who suf- beer faction or whatever it is. fered every sort of torment in prisons and But I salute their President. I salute him labor camps; patient believers, who thought for what he’s doing. And he stood there they’d never live to see the answer to their when things weren’t free, and there he is prayers; simple believers, who grasped little now, leading that country. And I really want of geopolitical facts and circumstances and to pay my respects here, surrounded by his theories but knew they held the power to many friends and admirers. change their world in their folded hands. Whenever I come here, I remember Inspired by heroic leaders like Lech Walesa other occasions that I’ve had to get together and Pope John Paul, good people on both with the community. Back in 1988 at the sides of the Iron Curtain worked as though wake for Al Mazewski, who was head of everything depended on themselves, and this marvelous alliance, I remember that they prayed as though everything depended well. At the inaugural celebration for my on God. dear friend over here, Ed Moskal, I remem- And I remember how moving it was in ber that one well, upbeat, enthusiastic. And 1987 when I, as Vice President, I stood with then, of course, at a very beautiful special now-President Walesa on the balcony of Fa- service, a Sunday Mass at St. Hyacinth’s ther Popieluszko’s church that I’m sure Church, which reminded me of a church many of you have visited in Warsaw, flash- that I visited outside Warsaw not so many ing the victory sign to thousands of support- months ago. But at St. Hyacinth’s I had the ers below; that when the Communists were

456 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / Mar. 16 still in power, I stood at his side, and we No one knows better than you the tragic both did that. And once again, the church harm that can come from weakness and iso- was central to the Polish people’s yearning lation. We are going to keep working to- for freedom. gether. We’re going to secure the peace and And then when I had the privilege in win new prosperity for Poland and all the 1989 as President to stand with Lech free world. Walesa and thousands of those freedom-lov- So we’ve got to continue changing the ing Poles at the Gdansk Shipyard, when I world, and we must redouble our efforts saw the faith and courage of those people, to change America for the better. We’ve got you just knew, I knew in my heart what to get this economy moving and create good you’ve known for a long time as true believ- jobs and strengthen our families and put ers, that freedom would prevail. limits on big Government. When I think Even in the darkest days, we stood stead- of family values, I think of the times that fast for Poland’s right to be free. We kept I’ve been in the Polish-American commu- the alliances strong. We gave humanitarian nity. And it’s family that gives the commu- aid to Solidarity when it was needed the nities their strength. And we must hope that most. Today, as Ed mentioned, we continue that can be extended all across the United to give assistance, helping Poland build a States of America. In essence, we are going stable democracy, a prospering economy. In to keep working together. We’re going to addition to the substantial financial aid, I secure the peace and win new prosperity. understand the 1,000th cargo container of And we’re going to keep on doing every- American humanitarian supplies was just thing we can to create good jobs, to sent on its way to Poland. And it’s a won- strengthen the families, as I say, and put derful thing. And I’ve just written Poland’s limits on the big Government. President to offer further help in bringing more American investment to Poland. Let me close with a fable about liberal Just as important has been the voluntary social planners that reminds me of Lech help from the church, from organized labor, Walesa’s down-to-earth humor. It’s a story from the Polish-American community. His- Russians used to tell during the last days tory will honor the role of Polonia, the of communism. A farmer’s chickens were worldwide Polish community, for giving dying. So for help he went to the Com- birth to a new age of freedom. And to sym- munist Party hack who was the local agricul- bolize this, this year we will fulfill the dying tural commissar. And the commissar said, wish of Mr. Paderewski and send his re- ‘‘Give them aspirin.’’ And over the next few mains for burial in the sacred soil of a free days, 50 chickens dropped dead. The Poland. commissar then said, ‘‘Give them penicil- And yes, the world is safer and freer now, lin.’’ And in a few days, 100 more chickens but we must not forget those who still have died. So the commissar advised castor oil. not won full freedom. I think especially of After the castor oil therapy, the farmer went those brave people of those Republics of to the commissar and announced that all a disintegrating Yugoslavia who are seeking the remaining chickens had died. ‘‘What a to establish their sovereign independence. pity. What a pity,’’ the commissar said. ‘‘I As we told our European allies last week, had so many other ideas I wanted to try.’’ we are giving positive consideration to the [Laughter] recognition of Slovenia and Croatia. We’re Well let me tell you this: As long as I also considering the most appropriate ways am President, American families will not be to meet the desire for peaceful transition guinea pigs for social planners. And we are to independence on the part of the other going to keep family, dignity, work, and re- republics. sponsibility first, and we are going to make Our leadership for freedom must con- this country better. And this country was tinue. You know that. No one knows better; built on family, faith, and freedom, and we no one knows that better than Polish-Ameri- must renew those sources of our strength. cans. No one knows better the rewards of As Barbara and I count our many bless- staying strong and engaged in the world. ings, and we have a lot to be grateful for,

457 Mar. 16 / Administration of George Bush, 1992 we know that we can count on Polish-Amer- time that we see: a free Poland moving to icans to move this country forward to new strengthen its democracy, strengthen its glories. hold on freedom. And let me say this: When the economy Thank you for what you’ve done. You set is tough, and it has been, some suggest we a great example for the rest of the country. turn inward. Some suggest that we forget Many, many thanks. God bless America. what’s going on across the oceans. As long as I am President of the United States, recognizing that it is only the United States Note: The President spoke at 3:35 p.m. at of America, it’s only our country that can the headquarters of the Polish National Alli- lead for freedom and democracy, I will stay ance. In his remarks, he referred to Edward involved. I am not going to pull back into J. Moskal and Aloysius Mazewski, president some fortress America. We are not going and former president of the alliance; Ed- to forget our responsibilities to lead around ward Dykla, president of the Polish Roman the world. Catholic Union of America; Bishop Joseph And Poland deserves our support, and as Zawistowski of the Polish National Church; long as I am President, they will have it. Reverend Frank Phillips, pastor of St. John And I want to end by thanking every person Cantius Church in Chicago; and Stefan in this room because not one single person Cardinal Wyszynski, former Primate of Po- here ever gave up hope for this glorious land.

Remarks at a Bush-Quayle Fundraising Dinner in Chicago March 16, 1992

Thank you very much, Jim Edgar. And much. Brenda, thank you for being here. And may And let me also salute one that Pat sin- I say how very lucky I am to have Jim Edgar gled out, my good friend Rich Williamson. heading my campaign here in this so impor- Believe me, Illinois needs this man in the tant State. He’s doing a superb job as your United States Senate. And so please vote Governor, and I’m lucky to have him as for him. And I noticed the fitting hand you our chairman. gave Bob Michel, and I want to salute him And there are a lot of Members of Con- as our leader in the House and the other gress here, I think. Bob Dornan, I’m very Republican Members of the Illinois con- pleased that Congressman Dornan could be gressional delegation with us today. And a here, winning the long-distance award. Bob special thanks to our Bush-Quayle finance Mosbacher, our former Secretary of Com- chairman, Bill Cellini, from downstate; and merce, was to be here. I haven’t seen him, Jim Kenny—Bill, I see the Cellini family but he’s doing a superb job as the cochair- is here—and of course, another old friend, man of our national campaign. You met a regional chairman, Bill Ylvisaker here. I Bobby Holt, who is our national finance am very, very grateful to all of these people. chairman. And let me quickly thank Andrea And as a bit of a name dropper, I too Parish for her beautiful rendition of ‘‘The would like to salute the Chicago Bears who Star-Spangled Banner’’ and my old friend, are with us tonight and say how very my dear friend Henry Hyde for participat- pleased I am they’re here. And I often say ing in the program and the invocation, great when I’m away from Washington, I worry Illinois Congressman. And of course, Pat that I’ve left Congress ‘‘Home Alone.’’ Ryan, who just outdid himself, bossing ev- [Laughter] Well, Barbara and I got a kick erybody around and raising all this money. out of meeting Macaulay Culkin there who What a superb job he’s done putting to- is with us tonight. Where are you, Macau- gether this event. Thank you very, very lay? Here he is, this guy; he’s wonderful.

458 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / Mar. 16

And thanks for being with us. That’s it. I When Chicago, the ‘‘City That Works,’’ recognize him. He goes like that. finds that 17 percent of its population de- But anyway, it’s a great evening, and it’s pendent on welfare, something’s wrong. great to be back in Chicago. And I might Americans aren’t cold-hearted. We’re a point out with great pride that I’ve im- caring people. Americans support welfare ported my own Illinois army to Washington. for families in need. But Americans want And you’ve heard their names, but the Sec- to see government at every level work to- retary of Agriculture, Ed Madigan, doing a gether to track down the deadbeat dads, superb job trying to bring this GATT round the ones who can’t be bothered to pay child to a successful conclusion; Ed Derwinski, support. They want to see us break this working well in the Veterans Administration cycle of dependency that destroys dignity and helping us through all the great ethnic and passes down poverty from one genera- communities of Illinois. Ed’s the Secretary tion to the next. That’s wrong. That’s cruel. of Veterans Affairs. And of course, you know and I know Lynn Martin so well, And I’ll tell you this: We are working hard former Congresswoman, now Secretary of to change it. My administration will con- Labor, and also doing a great job. And when tinue to encourage the States to innovate I was looking to hire a Chief of Staff, once with plans that help people break welfare again we turned to Illinois, and Sam Skinner dependency and begin learning work skills. rose to the challenge. And I think he’s doing Here’s another way that we can fight for an outstanding job, and I’m glad he’s here. the family: We can give parents the right Someone once wrote that ‘‘Chicago does to choose their children’s schools. Our stu- not lie there, waiting for things to happen. dents learn and grow by competing in Chicago moves, making things happen.’’ school, and our schools will improve by This year, the people of Chicago and the competing for students. School choice is people of this great State are going to make one of the things at the heart of America things happen again. The choices we make 2000; that’s our new education strategy to will affect not only the next election, they literally revolutionize American education. will really affect the next generation as well. You hear a lot of people on the other We are now in a battle for our future. We side in these campaigns complaining and want America to lead the world in good talking about what they’re going to do. We jobs with productive work. We want to re- have an outstanding program right now to main a force for world peace and freedom. revolutionize education in this country. And And we’re fighting to protect our most basic it’s based on this: We believe that parents, institution, and that is the American family. not some bureaucrat in Washington, know That’s why this year of decision is so im- what is best for their children. That’s why portant for America. That’s why tomorrow’s we also worked in the same vein to win primary election and November’s general a child care bill that gives parents the right election are vital to our future. I’m asking you to get out the vote and create a re- to choose who provides the care. We know sounding mandate to literally transform America is first as long as we put the family America. Let’s nominate and elect men and first. women who share our values. We’ve got For 3 years I’ve had to fight—Bob Michel more to do to get America on the right knows this, and Henry and the others here, track. We’ve got more to do. So I’m asking John Porter—we’ve had to fight the liberal you for 4 more years as your President to leadership of Congress on these issues. And get this job done. I will continue to stand and fight for prin- America was built on family and faith and ciple even when Congress stands in the way. freedom. These form the foundation of our And I will use the veto when I have to, great country. And we must now renew to stand for principle, to stand up for these those sources of our strength. We must, for family values. As it is, some say, some of example, allow common sense to prevail in my friends have said that at times I was our welfare system. We’ve got to forge a courting defeat by casting a veto instead of new connection between welfare and work. cutting a deal. But we’ve never lost a veto

459 Mar. 16 / Administration of George Bush, 1992 fight. And I will never hesitate to use the torola and McDonald’s hamburgers. That’s power of the pen when principle is at stake. free markets. That’s free trade. That’s my One more thing, and it’s important: I am idea of how America competes and how going to continue to put judges on the America succeeds. bench who know that their role is to inter- But what are we hearing now, because pret, to interpret the law, not legislate from economic times are hard? We hear the op- the Federal bench. And we are making dra- ponents peddling protectionism, a retreat matic moves in that direction. from economic reality. You cut through all You remember I’ve asked Congress to the patriotic posturing, all the tough talk pass tax cuts and incentives to get the econ- about fighting back by closing shop, and omy moving, back in the State of the Union look closely. That is not the American flag Message, to get real estate up and running, they’re waving. It’s the white flag of surren- to reward the risk-takers who create jobs. der. And that is not the America that you It’s about time Congress does what it should and I know. We do not cut and run; we have done long ago, get more American jobs compete. Never in this Nation’s long history by cutting the tax on capital gains. have we turned our backs on a challenge, But instead of passing my plan, the big and we simply are not going to start doing spenders that control the Congress have that now. other ideas. In the House, a temporary tax I put my faith in the American worker. cut for more people. In the Senate, a per- And I’m not about to sell our workers short. manent cut for less people. How much? So what we’re trying to do is open more Twenty-five cents, a quarter a day for each markets, level the playing field. And you man, woman, and child. And you say, watch, the American worker will outthink, ‘‘What’s the catch?’’ A permanent tax in- outproduce, outperform anyone, anywhere, crease of $90 billion. Temporary cut, 25 anytime. The answer is not protection. It cents a day, and a permanent increase of is more competition. $90 billion. The Democrats call that new revenue. I call it your money. If the liberal We must let the world know this: What- leadership sends me their scheme, I am ever the challenge, America will meet it be- going to veto it the minute it hits my desk. cause we are in it to win. Think back, if And there’s going to be no fooling around, you will, to a year ago, to the calm after compromising with that. Desert Storm. Ask any one of the proud Remember, I set a deadline, March 20th. sons and daughters of Illinois who became That’s just 4 days away. This deadline was liberators of Kuwait, and they’ll tell you set back in January, moons ago. Four days military strength doesn’t mean a thing with- away, and I said to Congress, ‘‘Pass our out moral support right here at home. plan. Do something that will really move Yes, I understand it, there were some this economy. Get it moving. Do something who didn’t support us then. There are those now for the American people.’’ who second-guess us now. But not here, not Well, we’ll fight, and we will win. And in this State. When I drew that line in the we’ll keep to our course of leadership in sand, you stood with me. Never would this the world economy because if we want to country tuck tail and let aggression stand. succeed economically at home, we have got And we did what was good, and we did to lead economically abroad. I spoke about what was just, and we did what was right. this in December when I visited the Merc There are those who act as if America’s over here, the Mercantile Exchange. And work in the world is over now. To them those folks are out there on the front line, I say this: We will never neglect America’s on the frontier of the global marketplace, vital national interests. We are never going and they know what I mean. So do your to pull back. And as far as our national de- exporters in this great State. Illinois exports fense goes, I will continue to keep this about $35 billion a year in manufactured country strong. Our worldwide credibility— goods. Over 400,000 Illinois jobs depend on ask anyone here that’s traveled abroad—our exports. Think of it: This is the city that worldwide credibility is now at an all-time gave the world Sears and Wrigley and Mo- high. And it will help us strengthen democ-

460 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / Mar. 16 racy, freedom, and peace around the world. not finished. You and I have much more And only the United States of America can work ahead before we’ve finished our mis- lead the world. And as long as I am Presi- sion. I think we’ve done a lot. I think it’s dent I will stay involved and do just exactly a wonderful thing that little Andrea there that. We are not going to pull back. or our ‘‘Home Alone’’ guy might go to sleep So, let these opponents sound the retreat at night with not having the fear about nu- and run away from the new realities and clear weapons that the generation before seek refuge in a world of protectionism or them had. I think that’s a wonderful thing. gut our defense so we couldn’t guarantee And I’m proud to have had a little part anybody security. Let them talk about the in that. high taxes and provide us with more big But there’s so much more to do. And Government. Let those analysts on TV tick what it is, is a battle for our future, and off everything that’s wrong in America. And it is about jobs and family and peace and I think it’s time that somebody stood up the kind of legacy we’re going to leave our and said what is right about this great coun- kids or our grandkids. And I am absolutely try. And that’s what I plan to do right now, convinced of this, believing in the goodness on into the end of the year. of our country, believing that this economy And one more thing: I’m counting on the that’s been so troublesome is fixin’ to turn good people of Illinois to reject the ugly and move, I am convinced that together we politics of hate that is rearing its head lately. can renew the miracle of American enter- Remember, America is great because Amer- prise. We can strengthen our values, the ica is good. And racism and anti-Semitism underlying values of our family, faith, and and bigotry have no place in the United freedom. States of America at all, a campaign or in And now we’re approaching an hour of life, any other way. And we ought to de- decision tomorrow. And please don’t wait nounce it for what it is. until November. I’m asking you to vote on Now let me just close by just saying that March 17th in the Republican primary. And Barbara and I are blessed. We talk about give me your vote in this important election it. I don’t know that she will be pleasant tomorrow. And help me win the greatest to live with after that warm ovation you gave opportunity an American can have, 4 more here—[laughter]—but I do think it’s de- years to fight, to lead the fight for the value served. I think she’s doing a first-class job we share. out there for the—[applause]. But we talk And thank you, and may God bless the about this, just as other families talk about United States of America. Thank you very, things. And we are very, very blessed, very much. Thank you all. blessed to serve this wonderful country of ours at a time when so many of the old Note: The President spoke at 8:10 p.m. at fears have been driven away, when so many the Hyatt Regency Chicago Hotel. In his new opportunities stand within our reach. remarks, he referred to Brenda Edgar, wife And since the day I took the oath of of- of Gov. Jim Edgar; Patrick G. Ryan, dinner fice, I made it my duty always to try to chairman; James Kenny, Illinois Bush- do what’s right for the country. I’ve given Quayle campaign cochairman; and Rep- it my level-best, and I’m not done yet. I’m resentative John Porter.

Letter to Congressional Leaders on Iraq’s Compliance With United Nations Security Council Resolutions March 16, 1992

Dear Mr. Speaker: (Dear Mr. President:) of Military Force Against Iraq Resolution Consistent with the Authorization for Use (Public Law 102–1), and as part of my con-

461 Mar. 16 / Administration of George Bush, 1992 tinuing effort to keep the Congress fully in- The Special Commission reported Iraq’s formed, I am again reporting on the status noncompliance to the U.N. Security Council of efforts to obtain compliance by Iraq with on February 28, 1992. Despite UNSCOM’s the resolutions adopted by the U.N. Secu- observation of the destruction of 62 missiles rity Council. and other equipment months ago, the Since I last reported on January 14, 1992, United States believes that Iraq still pos- Iraq has continued its noncompliance with sesses large numbers of undeclared ballistic the relevant Security Council resolutions. As missiles. a result, United Nations Special Commis- The United States continues to assist the sion (UNSCOM) Chairman Rolf Ekeus was United Nations in its activities, through U– dispatched by the Secretary General of the 2 surveillance flights, the provision of intel- United Nations to Iraq, where he met Iraqi ligence, and expert inspectors. The shortage Minister of State Sahaf, Foreign Minister of readily available funds to UNSCOM re- Hussein, and Deputy Prime Minister Aziz. mains critical, in spite of our additional infu- Iraqi cooperation has not improved. The sion of $2 million last month. The United U.N. Security Council released a statement Nations and the United States have agreed on February 28 demanding Iraq’s appear- on the transfer of a $10 million U.S. arrear- ance in the Council no later than the week age payment to UNSCOM, pending com- of March 9, 1992. Iraq has agreed and has pletion of the funds’ reprogramming. sent a delegation to New York. Since my last report, there has been addi- Nevertheless, the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) and UNSCOM have tional progress in implementing the resolu- continued to conduct inspections and other tion of the Security Council concerning activities related to Iraqi weapons of mass compensation of the victims of the unlawful destruction and ballistic missiles. Two nu- invasion and occupation of Kuwait. The clear inspections have been conducted since Governing Council of the United Nations my last report. With the help of the German Compensation Commission held its fourth Government, UNSCOM/IAEA inspectors formal session in Geneva January 20–24, uncovered equipment in Iraq sufficient to 1992, and continued to make progress in support thousands of production centrifuges establishing the framework for processing for enriching uranium. claims. The Governing Council adopted The first chemical weapons destruction ceiling amounts for compensation of non- team is now in Iraq and has begun explod- monetary losses for mental pain and anguish ing Iraqi chemical-filled rockets. It is esti- on the part of persons who, for example, mated that destruction will take approxi- were held hostage or forced into hiding, re- mately 18 months. In an example of Iraqi ceived serious personal injury, or suffered noncompliance, members of a chemical the death of an immediate family member. weapons inspection team recently were jos- The Governing Council also considered ad- tled at the entrance of their Baghdad hotel ditional guidance on compensation for busi- and pinned against the wall by a group of ness losses. Meanwhile, the Department of demonstrators as a larger group trapped the State has begun collecting from U.S. indi- rest of the team on its bus for over 20 min- viduals claims under $100,000, in prepara- utes. The Iraqi police simply observed. tion for filing them with the United Nations The most recent example of Iraqi non- Compensation Commission by July 1, 1992, compliance came in the one ballistic missile for expedited processing. The Governing inspection completed since my last report. Council has scheduled meetings in March This team was to begin the destruction of and June to address further issues concern- UNSCOM-designated Iraqi facilities and ing the compensation program. equipment used in the production of ballis- In accordance with paragraph 20 of Reso- tic missiles. Because Iraq refused to comply, lution 687, the Sanctions Committee contin- the team was withdrawn on February 29, ues to receive notice of shipments of food- 1992, pending the visit of a high-level Iraqi stuffs to Iraq. From March to December mission to the United Nations Security 1991, 5.4 million metric tons of foodstuffs Council. were notified. The Sanctions Committee

462 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / Mar. 17 also continues to consider and, when appro- States and its allies continue to press the priate, approve requests to send to Iraq ma- Government of Iraq to return to Kuwait all terials and supplies for essential civilian property and equipment removed from Ku- needs. Iraq to date has refused, however, wait by Iraq. Iraq continues to resist full to utilize the opportunity under Resolutions cooperation on these issues and to resist un- 706 and 712 to sell $1.6 billion in oil for qualified ICRC access to detention facilities use in purchasing foodstuffs, medicines, main Iraq. terials, and supplies for essential civilian As I stated in previous reports, in concert needs of its civilian population. Saddam with our Coalition partners, we will con- bears full responsibility for the resulting suf- tinue to monitor carefully the treatment of fering in Iraq. Iraq’s citizens, and together we remain pre- Attention to possible illegal exports to pared to take appropriate steps if the situa- Iraq has been focused on company names tion requires. To this end, we will continue compiled during inspections in Iraq. We to maintain an appropriate level of forces have received from UNSCOM a preliminary in the region for as long as required by list of U.S. company names whose equip- the situation in Iraq. ment has been seen in Iraq by U.N. inspec- I remain grateful for the support of the tors. We provided this list, on a confidential Congress for these efforts, and I look for- basis, to investigative agencies and appro- ward to continued cooperation toward priate congressional committees. achieving our mutual objectives. Through the International Committee of Sincerely, the Red Cross (ICRC), the United States, GEORGE BUSH Kuwait, and our allies continue to press the Government of Iraq to comply with its obli- Note: Identical letters were sent to Thomas gations under Security Council resolutions S. Foley, Speaker of the House of Represent- to return all detained Kuwaiti and third- atives, and Robert C. Byrd, President pro country nationals. Likewise, the United tempore of the Senate.

Nomination of Betty Jo Nelsen To Be an Assistant Secretary of Agriculture March 16, 1992

The President today announced his inten- Assembly, 1979–1990; chairman of the Re- tion to nominate Betty Jo Nelsen, of Wis- publican assembly campaign committee, consin, to be an Assistant Secretary of Agri- 1987–1988; and area coordinator for the culture for Food and Consumer Services Milwaukee voluntary action center involve- and a member of the Board of Directors ment corps, 1976–1978. of the Commodity Credit Corporation. She Ms. Nelsen graduated from Massachu- would succeed Catherine Ann Bertini. setts State College (B.S., 1957). She was Currently Ms. Nelsen serves as Adminis- born October 11, 1935, in Boston, MA. Ms. trator of the Food and Nutrition Service Nelsen is married, has three children, and at the U.S. Department of Agriculture in resides in Arlington, VA. Washington, DC. Prior to this, she served as a State representative for the Wisconsin

463 Mar. 17 / Administration of George Bush, 1992

Remarks on Presenting the Presidential Medal of Freedom to Samuel M. Walton in Bentonville, Arkansas March 17, 1992

Thank you all. Mr. Sam, now, you sit Walton. In addition, I brought along our down. And thank you, David. Good morning own grandson Sam. I wanted him to meet to all. And it is a true pleasure to be in another Sam. He’s standing over here, America’s heartland. And it is most appro- ripped off my Wal-Mart hat. But there he priate that I should come to Arkansas to is, so—[laughter]. participate in this ceremony. But anyway, we come here to honor a First, I will apologize to every single per- man who shows that through hard work and son with whom our advance squad, security vision and treating people right, many good people, communications people have come things can happen. into contact—[laughter]—because I know This visit is not about Sam Walton’s your lives—but we pledge to those who wealth. He has earned his money, and that’s have made these wonderful arrangements his business. He’s been generous with his that we will leave right on schedule. fortune, and that is in the great tradition [Laughter] And we will leave with a heart of America’s commitment to this concept full of gratitude to all who handled, on very that I call a Thousand Points of Light. short notice, the arrangements that go with It’s not about money. It’s not even about a visit of this nature. philanthropy. This visit is about what is fun- You know, I got a letter last year from damentally good and right about our coun- a young eighth grader, John Quinton try. And it’s about determination. It’s about Bagley, in Nashville, Arkansas. And he leadership. It’s about decency. His Nation wrote, ‘‘You and Mrs. Bush could stay with honors him today as the outstanding exam- me and my family. We do not have many ple of American initiative and achievement. reporters.’’ [Laughter] Smart kids in Arkan- And at the same time, we take note that sas. No wonder I feel so at home here. as he became more and more successful he But first, of course, my respects to Sam never turned his back on his roots. His suc- Walton and to Helen Walton, one of God’s cess never altered his lifestyle, a lifestyle truly special people. And also, my respects that kept him close to his family, his friends, to Bud Walton. Also to the one you’ve just and his community. heard from, ahead of David Glass, John I read somewhere that at one time Mr. Paul Hammerschmidt. This, I think he and Sam thought he wanted to be President of I figured, was my fifth district—not to the the United States. I have two thoughts on State but just to his part of it, his congres- that one: One, I’m glad he’s not running sional district, first one as President. And this year. [Laughter] And two, I’ve said he’s I must say, I have been so pleased and so a smart guy; not running proves it. [Laugh- has Barbara as we rode in from Fayetteville ter] and were warmly received by the people His story is known to everyone here, but who just seemed glad to see the President let me just mention for the Nation a few of the United States. But in any event, you of the highlights, if I might. After college just have this wonderful way of making at the University of Missouri, Sam Walton someone feel at home. began a career in retailing. He started as And also I salute David Pryor. And this a trainee for the J.C. Penney Company in is trivia that I’m sure no one is interested Des Moines, Iowa. And after a stint in the in, but I’ll tell it to you anyway. He and Army during World War II, it was on to John Paul and I were all elected to the Con- Newport, Arkansas, with a Ben Franklin gress on the same day many moons ago, store back in 1945. And over the years, he November 1966. And I am very pleased that became the largest franchisee of Ben Frank- both David, of course, and John Paul are lin variety stores, operating 15 of them here to join us as we fittingly honor Mr. under the name of Walton’s Five and Dime.

464 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / Mar. 17

You see—you know this, but many around punch a time clock and draw a paycheck. the country might not—you see, he had hit As the people here know, his employees are upon a combination that was to form the known as associates. And no wonder they basis of the strategy of today’s Wal-Mart all think of him as a partner. When he’s Stores, smalltown markets for name-brand asked about the secret of his success, he merchandise sold at a discount. When the credits his people. And he says, ‘‘The atti- folks at Ben Franklin’s Chicago head- tude of our employees, our associates, is quarters didn’t jump at the vision that Mr. that things are different in our company, Sam put before them, he decided to go his and they deserve the credit.’’ And it’s not own way. And that was back in 1962 when hard to see why they believe in the com- he started with one Wal-Mart store in Rog- pany. And it’s just plain easy to see why ers, Arkansas, just 6 miles from here. they believe in its unpretentious leader. And I did hear a story about the opening There are also the quiet things about Sam of his second Wal-Mart over in Harrison, Walton, the things beyond the bottom line, John Paul’s hometown. [Laughter] Obvi- if you will. There’s nothing corny about callously you’ve heard it, but I’m going to re- ing them what they are: They’re good peat it. For those of you in Washington, deeds. They are the relief funds set up I will repeat it. The way my esteemed when tragedy strikes an associate’s family; friend David Glass tells it, Sam had water- scholarships in every community where melons for sale on the sidewalk; he offered there’s a Wal-Mart store; benefactor of the donkey rides in the parking lot. The only University of the Ozarks in Clarksville; the problem was the heat, 110 degrees, 110. Walton National Literacy Center in Bolivar Well, the watermelons popped, and the wa- over in Missouri; education grants for South termelon juice was everywhere. The don- American students to study in America and keys did what donkeys do in a situation like then return so they can better help their that, tracking the stuff all over the place. own countries. And according to David, who had a nice successful business of his own, Sam’s turned These are the things that enhance the into the worst looking store he’d ever seen. spirit of the community. And yes, of course Dave went so far as to suggest to Sam that Mr. Sam’s a great businessman. But along he ought to find some other line of work. with making a good profit, he helps make [Laughter] good citizens of his people by encouraging Now more people work for Sam’s com- them to help one another. pany than live in Tulsa, Oklahoma, 380,000 And when you ask about Sam Walton, at the last count. This includes the man with much of what you hear is from friends of that sound career advice, David Glass. many years. Some are wonderful stories that [Laughter] tell you something important about Sam’s You know, some always think I see the energy and competitive spirit; like George glass as half full or maybe that I’m always Billingsley, who used to fly with Mr. Sam emphasizing good news. Well, maybe that’s in the early days. They’d be in a little Piper right. But I think it’s important that all Cub heading out to check out one of his Americans understand that some things are stores, and Mr. Sam would decide to check going very, very well in the United States out the competition as well. He’d fly low of America. And one of those things is Wal- over a Sears or a K-Mart, you see, tip one Mart. And who would have thought that wing, and make a wide-eyed George count when Sam Walton bought that first Ben the cars in the parking lot, scaring him half Franklin store that his little venture would to death in the process. [Laughter] grow into a top-rated stock on Wall Street, I could go on and on about his love of the racking up $44 billion in sales last year. outdoors. Bud took me into the illustrious Wal-Mart is the largest and the most profit- quail room just a few minutes ago before we able retailer in America, now with over came in here: Talk about his sharp eye for 1,700 stores, enhancing the lives of millions. quail, his love for riding around with his And to Sam, or Mr. Sam, as he is known gone-but-not-forgotten closest adviser, his throughout his company, people don’t just dog Roy, in that old red pickup truck, or

465 Mar. 17 / Administration of George Bush, 1992 perhaps his legendary driving record. things in life: friendship, faith, and family. [Laughter] Since 1988 things have gone And at a time when young Americans look better; he’s had a white pickup, but I hear for role models, those are noble virtues. the driving is about the same. [Laughter] And your life is going to help them appre- I could also talk about his love of family, ciate that ours is the freest, most blessed such a mainstay of his life. You talk about country on the face of the Earth. I salute Helen Walton who, as Senator Pryor told you, sir, for your vision, and I am proud me on the way down, is the soul of Wal- to give you your Nation’s highest civilian Mart. Her love of the arts inspires so many. honor. Her faith, her deep faith in God, comes And now, may I ask you all to be seated shining through. as we honor a man who loves his country, The story of Sam Walton is an illustration who loves his family, given far more than of the American dream. His success is our he’s gotten. success, America’s success. And when Sam’s And now if Major Cancilla of the United grandchildren read about what makes States Army will read the citation, I will America great, they’ll read about people present to Sam Walton the Medal of Free- who have grand ideas and great dreams, re- dom. sourceful people who make imagination come alive with accomplishment. And they’ll read about adventurous people who Note: The President spoke at 11:08 a.m. at have the drive, ambition, and talent to take Wal-Mart Headquarters. In his remarks, he big risks and to achieve great things; people referred to Helen Walton, Mr. Walton’s who bring prosperity to their community wife; James L. (Bud) Walton, Mr. Walton’s and to their country. Sam’s grandkids, like brother and cofounder of Wal-Mart; David my own little guy over here, his down here, Glass, president and chief executive officer will read about people like Sam Walton. of Wal-Mart Stores, Inc.; Representative And sir, you are generous and genuine, John Paul Hammerschmidt; Senator David tireless and tenacious. You took risks and Pryor; George Billingsley, Bentonville busi- helped our country grow vigorous and nessman and longtime friend of the Walton strong. You brought out the best in people. family; and Maj. Russell J. Cancilla, Army You and Helen have honored the important Aide to the President.

Remarks at a St. Patrick’s Day Ceremony and an Exchange With Reporters March 17, 1992

The President. May I just say to Minister ing the American people have about the Andrews how delighted I am to be here. Irish-American relationship. It is strong. It I missed the traditional lunch on Capitol is good. And it is very, very important to Hill, a lunch of genuine friendship between us. And this ceremonial occasion gives me not only the parties here, but normally Ire- a chance to extend through the Minister to land is so well-represented, as they were the people in Ireland our respects, our love, today. And as I think everyone knows, I and our affection on this very special day. was down in Arkansas for a Medal of Free- So Mr. Minister, I’m glad you came our dom ceremony. But may I say to our friends way, sir. And I’m delighted to have had this from Ireland, particularly the Minister, how short visit. sorry I am to miss the luncheon but how pleased I am to receive you here. [At this point, Foreign Minister David An- It gives me an opportunity to express, drews of Ireland spoke and presented the once again, the feeling I have and the feel- President with a crystal bowl filled with

466 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / Mar. 17

Irish shamrocks.] out. It is a problem that because of the The President. Thank you very, very many Americans of Irish heritage we are much. vitally interested in and because of Ireland’s Q. Mr. President, will the luck of the Irish own substantial role in the EC that we’re be with Pat Buchanan on this day? vitally interested in, and as Ireland-U.S. re- Foreign Minister Andrews. Yes and no, lations that we’re vitally interested in. But he asked me to say. we simply are not in a position to dictate The President. I’ve got to put a little a solution, to in any way be the sole arbiter shamrock in here. of this difficult situation. But I’ve told the Foreign Minister Andrews. Did you want Minister we would like to help in any way to say something in response? he deems possible. But again, it isn’t easy, The President. No. as he and I both know. House Bank Controversy Loan Guarantees for Israel Q. How about Secretary Cheney, Martin, Q. Mr. President, the Israeli loan guaran- and Madigan bouncing checks, Mr. Presi- tees, are they dead? dent? The President. What did you say? The President. No, I have no comment Q. The Israeli loan guarantees, are they on all that. I just got home and am looking dead now? about it. I heard that Secretary Cheney, as would be expected, did an outstanding job. The President. Well, I don’t think they’re I haven’t seen the testimony, but needless dead. We have always wanted to go forward to say I have great confidence in him, total with loan guarantees. Our administration confidence in his integrity. And I just has been in the forefront of bringing and haven’t heard anything about any of the oth- encouraging people to go home to Israel, ers. whether it be from the Soviet Union or What I’ve decided to do is let this matter Ethiopia. We have a longstanding policy unfold. It’s a matter of considerable agony that feels that settlements are counter- for good people on the Hill. And let’s get productive to peace. This is not a new pol- the facts out, and then I think the American icy. This is a longstanding policy. And I am people are very smart. They will be able determined to see that that policy not be to make a determination as to what was altered. wrongdoing and who were simply victims However, if there’s room within that pol- of a system that obviously has failed every- icy to do what we’d like to do, which is body. And so we’ll just wait and see how to support the people coming home, why, that works out. But I have no further com- we’d like to do that. But settlements are ment on that subject at all, so spare your- counterproductive to peace, and everybody selves the agony of asking because I simply knows that. So we’ll just have to wait and will not take any more questions on it on see. I have made my position very, very this marvelous St. Patrick’s Day. clear to the Congress, and Secretary Baker Foreign Minister Andrews. Irish journalist has done the same thing. And we have close here. historic relations with Israel, and they will The President. Sure. always be that way. But we have a difference now, it appears, in terms of these Northern Ireland settlements. But I have said over and over Q. Mr. President, what role can the again that we want to help, we want to help United States play in bringing forward the in a humanitarian way, but that we simply progress for peace in Northern Ireland? are not going to shift and change the foreign The President. Well, I’m not sure. I think policy of this country. heretofore we’ve tried to be a catalytic role, Yes, Brit [Brit Hume, ABC News]? And tried to support, as the Minister generally then I’ve got to go because I don’t want said, certain funds. But we’ve got to be in to be rude to our guests. I want to say hello close touch with the Government. But it to our other friends here. is not a problem that we ourselves can work Q. What is your view, sir, of the compro-

467 Mar. 17 / Administration of George Bush, 1992 mise that was discussed yesterday on the overdrawn—absolutely. Of course, I sym- Hill that’s been offered there? I understand pathize with that. And I think there’s a you’re about to meet with Senator Leahy. major institutional problem. The bank’s The President. Well, I’m not sure which been closed now. But I’ll have more to say one you’re talking about. about that when the facts are out there. Q. Well, do you have something to say But I will, in the meantime, grunge through to Senator Leahy that might—— every file I can find stored away in little The President. No, I’m listening. They cubbyholes here or in Houston, Texas, and asked for a meeting with me, and I’m very try to find checks from 1967 to 1970. And glad to have a meeting with him. Secretary I challenge everybody out here to try to Baker has had many meetings with Senator do the same thing so his conscience or hers Leahy. I talked to him over the weekend, will be clear when they’re asking these and I look forward to the meeting. But we’ll questions. And all you young ones can’t go see what it is that he has on his mind. But back that far. But for us, please, all my vin- our policy is very, very clear, Brit, and I tage, go back and see if you can find those just hope everybody understands that. It’s checks from 25 years ago. not that we’re shifting ground. And it’s not Q. Does that mean there’s some question that we are being—in my view, I don’t think in your mind then, sir, that—— we’re being difficult. We’re being consist- The President. What? ent. Q. Does that suggest there’s some ques- Yes? Then I’ve got to go. I really do. tion in your mind whether you did bounce House Bank Controversy a check? The President. No, I have no question, Q. Why are you confident that you your- but when I hear the fact that checks were self did not bounce any checks? Were you stopped and then they went ahead and able to go through your own records during didn’t stop them, why, who knows? But I your time? don’t think I ever did that. I really do feel The President. Well, I’ll tell you, I went very—my conscience is very clear on this. through whatever I’ve got. I was in Con- And I hope I can satisfy this understandable gress 1967 to 1970. You were about 4 at inquiry to go back that far. the time. And I can’t find checks back that long; most people in America don’t save them. I did find a ledger sheet that shows Presidential Primaries I have positive balances at the beginning— Q. What about Pat Buchanan, sir? When for 4 years, my own bookkeeping—have and how do you make peace with him, or positive balances at beginning of every does he have to talk to you? month, at the end. And I take great pride The President. Well, I just keep my sights in the fact I don’t bounce checks. But heav- on these elections. And I think we’ll do well ens knows, with the way the operation went today. It’s a little early to tell. But what up there, whether there’s anything to it or I’ve got to do is lead this country and then, not. I don’t believe so. I’d like to be able in the meantime, take care of these pri- to say I didn’t do it. But I just don’t know maries that crop up every Tuesday. And so yet. far I’m very, very pleased with the results. Q. Do you sympathize though with some And I’m going to keep plodding ahead and Members of Congress who say the same not criticize the opponent, just keep shoot- things you did? They don’t bounce checks ing for victory. either; they didn’t bounce checks—— And I hope that we achieve that today The President. Yes, I do. I—— in Michigan. I hope I achieve that today Q. ——and then they found out that they in Illinois. I felt good when I was in those did. two States, but it’s a strange year. So we’re The President. Yes, I can understand it. taking nothing for granted. And yet, I can- If, in other words, somebody writes a check not be out there campaigning. I was in each and then he puts a stop order on it, and State one day. And I can’t spend any more they go ahead and cash the check, and he’s time doing that because I have re-

468 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / Mar. 17 sponsibilities here and duties here, one of Q. If Buchanan loses, should he get out? which is most pleasurable today, I might The President. Let’s go down and say add, that I’m determined to fulfill. hello. Q. Can you and Pat make peace after all that’s gone on? The President. Well, I have a—I think so, Note: The President spoke at 4:13 p.m. in yes; I really do. the Rose Garden at the White House.

Message to the Congress Transmitting the Poland-United States Nuclear Energy Cooperation Agreement March 17, 1992

To the Congress of the United States: national efforts to prevent the spread of nu- I am pleased to transmit to the Congress, clear weapons. It was an original signatory pursuant to sections 123 b. and 123 d. of of the Non-Proliferation Treaty (NPT) and the Atomic Energy Act of 1954, as amended has strongly supported the Treaty. It is com- (42 U.S.C. 2153(b), (d)), the text of a pro- mitted to implementing a responsible nu- posed Agreement for Cooperation Between clear export policy, and declared in January the United States of America and the Re- 1978 that it intended to apply a full-scope public of Poland Concerning Peaceful Uses safeguards nuclear export requirement. Po- of Nuclear Energy with accompanying land supports the work of the NPT Export- annex and agreed minute. I am also pleased ers (‘‘Zangger’’) Committee and adheres to to transmit my written approval, authoriza- the Nuclear Supplier Guidelines. It is a tion, and determination concerning the member of the International Atomic Energy agreement, and the memorandum of the Agency (IAEA) and has played a positive Director of the United States Arms Control role in the Agency’s safeguards and tech- and Disarmament Agency with the Nuclear nical cooperation activities. It has also co- Proliferation Assessment Statement con- operated with the United States and other cerning the agreement. The joint memoran- like-minded members in working to prevent dum submitted to me by the Secretary of the politicization of the Agency. Poland is State and the Secretary of Energy, which a party to the Convention on the Physical includes a summary of the provisions of the Protection of Nuclear Material. agreement and various other attachments, I believe that peaceful nuclear coopera- including agency views, is also enclosed. tion with Poland under the proposed agree- The proposed agreement with the Repub- ment will be fully consistent with, and sup- lic of Poland has been negotiated in accord- portive of, our policy of responding posi- ance with the Atomic Energy Act of 1954, tively and constructively to the process of as amended by the Nuclear Non-Prolifera- democratization and economic reform in tion Act of 1978 and as otherwise amended. Eastern Europe. Cooperation under the In my judgment, the proposed agreement agreement will also provide opportunities meets all statutory requirements and will for U.S. business on terms that fully protect advance the non-proliferation and other for- vital U.S. national security interests. eign policy interests of the United States. I have considered the views and rec- It provides a comprehensive framework for ommendations of the interested agencies in peaceful nuclear cooperation between the reviewing the proposed agreement and have United States and Poland under appropriate determined that its performance will pro- conditions and controls reflecting our strong mote, and will not constitute an unreason- common commitment to nuclear non-pro- able risk to, the common defense and secu- liferation goals. rity. Accordingly, I have approved the Poland has consistently supported inter- agreement and authorized its execution and

469 Mar. 17 / Administration of George Bush, 1992 urge that the Congress give it favorable con- begin immediately the consultations with sideration. the Senate Foreign Relations and House Because this agreement meets all applica- Foreign Affairs Committees as provided in ble requirements of the Atomic Energy Act, section 123 b. Upon completion of the 30- as amended, for agreements for peaceful day continuous session period provided for nuclear cooperation, I am transmitting it to in section 123 b., the 60-day continuous ses- the Congress without exempting it from any sion period provided for in section 123 d. requirement contained in section 123 a. of shall commence. that Act. This transmission shall constitute GEORGE BUSH a submittal for purposes of both sections 123 b. and 123 d. of the Atomic Energy The White House, Act. The Administration is prepared to March 17, 1992.

Statement on the Illinois and Michigan Presidential Primary Victories March 17, 1992

Tonight the people of Illinois and Michi- markets. gan have added their voices to the Nation’s The voters of Michigan and Illinois have call for congressional action on our plan to endorsed my approach to change in Amer- get this economy moving. The March 20th ica. They have pushed the delegate count deadline is Friday. To the Democrats on to a level where my nomination is virtually Capitol Hill, I say it again: Pass my plan assured. As the nominee of the Republican to get the economy growing and Americans Party, I will seek the support of everyone working. Do something good for the Amer- who believes that we can change America ican people. as we changed the world. We must reinvent our schools, transform Barbara and I thank the voters of Michi- welfare and health care. We need housing gan and Illinois for placing their confidence that is affordable and plentiful. We need in me. We appreciate the hard work of Gov- safer neighborhoods and job security. We ernor Edgar in Illinois and Governor Engler need to compete internationally for world in Michigan in making this win possible.

Statement on Air Pollution Regulatory Relief March 18, 1992

I am today announcing a series of steps the innovative, market-based approaches to that will help clean up air pollution in this pollution reduction that have been pio- country and, at the same time, will promote neered by our Environmental Protection jobs by reducing regulatory costs to auto- Agency. The result is a cleaner, healthier mobile companies and other major transpor- environment and a more competitive econ- tation industries. omy. One of these steps, our ‘‘cash for These and other regulatory changes being clunkers’’ program, will allow States and in- announced today should provide major ben- dustries to buy old, high-polluting cars, take efits to the economy. them off the road, and use the resulting pollutant reductions to satisfy Federal clean air standards. This is just one example of

470 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / Mar. 18

Memorandum on the Federal Savings Bond Campaign March 18, 1992

Memorandum for the Heads of Departments participation level by 10 percent; and and Agencies 2. To raise your department’s/agency’s As a Nation we need to promote thrift, participation rate from its current level to increase personal savings, save to educate a minimum level of 40 percent; and our children, and reduce the cost of Gov- 3. To have 20 percent of current bond ernment financing. By supporting the Sav- buyers increase their allotments. These goals are achievable. Currently, ings Bonds program, we help meet these many departments and agencies have al- needs. The 1992 Federal Savings Bond ready achieved what I am asking of you. Campaign will soon begin. It has my full I have appointed Manuel Lujan, Jr., Sec- support. retary of the Interior, to chair the 1992 In 1991, 32 percent of Federal employees Federal Savings Bond Campaign. Please ap- and members of the Armed Services pur- point one of your top officers as your Vice chased Savings Bonds through payroll allot- Chair to work with Secretary Lujan and his ments. This year, I hope to see that partici- team. pation increase significantly. Your personal commitment will insure the To this end I challenge you to charge success of this Campaign. I look forward your managers to accept and achieve the to receiving your Campaign results. following goals in 1992: 1. To increase your department’s/agency’s GEORGE BUSH

Statement by Press Secretary Fitzwater on the President’s Telephone Conversation With President F.W. de Klerk of South Africa March 18, 1992

The President telephoned President F.W. light of the results of the referendum. Presi- de Klerk of South Africa today to congratu- dent Bush reiterated the United States sup- late him on his victory in Tuesday’s referen- port for the reform process now underway dum. The two Presidents discussed the con- in South Africa. tinuation of the negotiating process in the

Appointment of Joshua B. Bolten as Deputy Assistant to the President and Director of the Office of Legislative Affairs March 18, 1992

The President today announced his inten- Assistant Secretary for Industry Liaison. tion to appoint Joshua B. Bolten, of the Dis- Since 1989, Mr. Bolten has served as trict of Columbia, to be Deputy Assistant General Counsel at the Office of the U.S. to the President and Director of the Office Trade Representative. Previously he served of Legislative Affairs. He would succeed as international trade counsel to the U.S. Stephen T. Hart, who will be joining the Senate Committee on Finance. In 1984–85, Department of Transportation as a Deputy prior to joining the finance committee, Mr.

471 Mar. 18 / Administration of George Bush, 1992

Bolten was in private practice in inter- America. During 1980–81, Mr. Bolten national trade law with the Washington, served as a law clerk at the U.S. District DC, office of O’Melveny & Myers. From Court in San Francisco. 1981 to 1984, he worked in the Office of Mr. Bolten received his undergraduate the Legal Adviser at the Department of degree in 1976 from Princeton University. State, providing legal counsel primarily to He graduated in 1980 from Stanford Law the Bureau of Inter-American Affairs. He School, where he was an editor of the Stan- also served as executive assistant to the Di- ford Law Review. rector, Kissinger Commission on Central

Appointment of Kim Fogal McKernan as Special Assistant to the President for Legislative Affairs March 18, 1992

The President today announced his inten- ernmental affairs. Prior to her appointment tion to appoint Kim Fogal McKernan, of at the Pentagon, Ms. McKernan served as Pennsylvania, to be Special Assistant to the associate director in the House Republican President for Legislative Affairs (House). whip and House Republican conference or- She would succeed Frances M. Norris. ganizations. From 1985 to 1987, she was Since October 1990, Ms. McKernan has the administrative assistant to Congressman served as executive assistant to the Deputy Beau Boulter (R–TX). She began her career Secretary of Defense. Prior to this assign- in the U.S. House of Representatives with ment, she served as Principal Deputy Assist- Congressman Robert S. Walker (R–PA) in ant Secretary of Defense for Force Manage- 1979, where she served as senior legislative ment and Personnel. Ms. McKernan came assistant. to the Pentagon as part of Secretary Che- Ms. McKernan graduated from ney’s transition team in March 1989. She Shippensburg University (B.S., 1978). She was then appointed assistant to the Sec- and her husband, Robert T. McKernan, re- retary of Defense for political and intergov- side in Washington, DC.

Statement on Signing the Morris K. Udall Scholarship and Excellence in National Environmental and Native American Public Policy Act of 1992 March 19, 1992

Today I am pleased to sign into law S. ment and issues related to Native Ameri- 2184, the ‘‘Morris K. Udall Scholarship and cans and Alaska Natives. Excellence in National Environmental and Regrettably, I must note a serious defi- Native American Public Policy Act of 1992.’’ ciency in the bill. S. 2184 purports to set S. 2184 is a tribute to Mo Udall’s long qualifications, including requirements as to and admirable service to the Nation. He political party affiliation, for the trustees was a thoughtful and creative Member of who will administer the foundation created Congress for 30 years. I respect him greatly by the bill. Under the Appointments Clause and count him among my friends. This bill of the Constitution, article II, section 2, honors Mo by creating a foundation that clause 2, congressional participation in such will support programs involving the environ-

472 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / Mar. 19 appointments may be exercised only S. 1176 never became law. Therefore, the through the Senate’s advice and consent section of S. 2184 purporting to repeal S. with respect to Presidential nominees. Ac- 1176 can have no effect. cordingly, I will treat these provisions as precatory. GEORGE BUSH One other point deserves mention. S. The White House, 2184 purports to ‘‘repeal’’ S. 1176, passed March 19, 1992. in the last session of the Congress and presented to me in December. Because the bill came to me during an adjournment of Note: S. 2184, approved March 19, was as- the Congress and I withheld my signature, signed Public Law No. 102–259.

Statement by Press Secretary Fitzwater on the President’s Meeting With Prime Minister Begum Khaleda Zia of Bangladesh March 19, 1992

The President and Prime Minister Zia of ance and food aid to Bangladesh. Bangladesh met for approximately one hour The President and Prime Minister Zia in the Oval Office and the Cabinet Room. also deplored the actions of the Govern- The President reaffirmed our strong comment of Myanmar (Burma) that have led mitment to strengthening democracy and to the massive recent influx of Burmese ref- promoting economic development in Ban- ugees into Bangladesh. The President an- gladesh. The two leaders recalled Ban- nounced that the United States will provide gladesh’s contribution to the successful fight $3 million in funding from the Emergency against Iraqi aggression. The President said Refugee and Migration Assistance Funds to we will continue to provide economic assist- help Bangladesh with the refugees.

Statement by Press Secretary Fitzwater on the President’s Telephone Conversation With President Boris Yeltsin of Russia March 19, 1992

The President spoke with Russian Presi- International Monetary Fund and for the dent Boris Yeltsin for nearly one-half hour reform effort in general. They also ex- this morning. The two leaders discussed de- changed views on the situation in Nagorno- velopments in Russia and the reform effort Karabakh and agreed that both Russia and launched by President Yeltsin. The Presi- the U.S. would work toward a peaceful reso- dent expressed strong U.S. support for Rus- lution of that conflict. sia’s application for membership in the

473 Mar. 19 / Administration of George Bush, 1992

Appointment of Robert Anthony Snow as Deputy Assistant to the President for Media Affairs March 19, 1992

The President today announced the ap- News, 1984–87; as editorial page editor of pointment of Robert Anthony Snow as Dep- the Daily Press in Newport News, VA, uty Assistant to the President for Media Af- 1982–84; and as an editorial writer for the fairs. Virginia Pilot, 1981–82. Mr. Snow began his Since 1991, Mr. Snow has served as Dep- journalism career as an editorial writer at uty Assistant to the President for Commu- the Greensboro Record in Greensboro, NC, nications and Director of Speechwriting. in 1979. Prior to this, Mr. Snow served as editorial Mr. Snow graduated from Davidson Col- page editor of the Washington Times. The lege in Davidson, NC, in 1977, receiving page received numerous local, regional, and a bachelor of arts degree in philosophy. He national awards. Mr. Snow also served as was born in Berea, KY. He and his wife, deputy editorial page editor of the Detroit Jill Snow, live in Alexandria, VA.

Presidential Determination No. 92–19—Memorandum on Emergency Assistance for Cambodian and Burmese Refugees March 16, 1992

Memorandum for the Secretary of State uted on a multilateral or bilateral basis as Subject: Determination Pursuant to Section appropriate to international organizations, 2(c)(1) of the Migration and Refugee private voluntary organizations, and other Assistance Act of 1962, as Amended governmental and nongovernmental humanitarian organizations. Pursuant to section 2(c)(1) of the Migra- You are authorized and directed to inform tion and Refugee Assistance Act of 1962, the appropriate committees of the Congress as amended, 22 U.S.C. 2601(c)(1), I hereby of this determination and the obligation of determine that it is important to the na- funds under this authority and to publish tional interest that $18,000,000 be made this memorandum in the Federal Register. available from the U.S. Emergency Refugee and Migration Assistance Fund (the Fund) GEORGE BUSH to meet the unexpected and urgent refugee and migration needs of Cambodians and [Filed with the Office of the Federal Reg- Burmese. Of this amount up to $15,000,000 ister, 2:53 p.m., April 2, 1992] will be used to support the repatriation of Cambodian refugees and displaced persons; Note: This memorandum was released by $3,000,000 will be contributed to assist Bur- the Office of the Press Secretary on March mese refugees. These funds may be contrib- 20.

474 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / Mar. 20

Remarks Congratulating the Undefeated National Collegiate Athletic Association Division I Football Teams March 20, 1992

Mr. Speaker, and distinguished Members regular season winning streak; 4 national ti- of the Congress, Senate and House. We’ve tles in the past 9 years including 1991; only got some other guests here, too, and let the third undefeated team in Miami history. me single them out. The members of those And what memories you’ve given us. Of championship teams from Jabbo Kenner a college known as Quarterback U, Gino Youth Football League, where are those Toretta, take a bow. Where is the man? guys? Over here, all right, there they are, All right. Leon Searcy’s not here, but I looking good. Emiliano Salinas is here with wanted to single him out. He’s an offensive us. Where is he? This man is the son of tackle, for those amateurs around here, who the President of Mexico, one of our strong- wears a 17EEE shoe; they call them battle- est, staunchest allies. Emiliano, welcome, ships. [Laughter] And this year we are retir- welcome. And did we get Wilson High ing the U.S.S. Missouri, and I think we School? Wilson, here they are back here, ought to commission him instead. [Laugh- another championship ball team. And may ter] But I’m sorry he’s not with us. I especially single out Coach James and Next we come to Kevin Williams. Kevin Coach Erickson, who have the respect of promised Brent Musburger that he’d return anybody interested in sports in this country. a punt for a touchdown, and sure enough, It’s great to have both of you here, Dennis, he did it. And dealing with politicians, it’s Don. And also to the players, the staffs, the always a pleasure to meet a man of his friends, and the football fans here and word. across the country, Barbara and I just want- And defensive end Rusty Medearis is not ed to welcome you here to 1600 Pennsyl- with us. The Sack Man, the Hurricane re- vania Avenue. ceivers, the Ruthless Posse, all, they’d feel For exactly 200 years this has been the right at home in Washington. And this people’s house, and today we welcome the brings me to Carlos Huerta, called the Ice people’s choice, the Hurricanes and the Man. Carlos, where is he? Right here. All Huskies, two great teams, both national right. Ask the children he helps, in addition champions. And some thought I should take the ball and go outside and try to settle to the sick he comforts, and they call him this thing right now. [Laughter] No, no, my simply the nice man. black-and-white shirt is at the cleaners. And finally, Coach Erickson, who spurned We’re not going to do that. I don’t need ‘‘Miami Vice’’ for virtue: Witness the drills this. I’ve got enough problems without get- that are so self-disciplined that one player ting in the middle of you guys. said, ‘‘The games are easy. They’re a cinch Let me begin with what we have in com- compared to our practices.’’ mon. You guys play football, and in an elec- Out west then we’ll shift. No game was tion year I sometimes feel like a football. easy for the opponents of the ’91’s other But it’s then that I recall what you did this co-champion in the USA Today-CNN poll, year. Flanked by you household names, the amazing Washington Huskies. And in maybe I should be around getting auto- a way you foretold the success of that other graphs because this is a star-studded occa- Washington team, the Redskins, halfway sion. across the world, making Don James’ 17th First alphabetically—and I don’t want to season as Huskie coach his finest. His get into trouble—comes Miami, number fourth Rose Bowl victory; the Huskies’ first one in the Associated Press. Two years ago undefeated and untied club since 1915; a we met to celebrate a national title. Today team which made each opponent, yes, bow we salute the Nation’s current longest home down to Washington. winning streak, 45 games, and the longest And in one sense, you remind me of the

475 Mar. 20 / Administration of George Bush, 1992 way we were. Thirty-eight years ago Don sion I college football teams to finish James graduated from Miami. Applying undefeated and untied in the same season equal time, Dennis Erickson hails from since 1976. Teams which showed, as quar- Washington. And it’s today, though, that terback Joe Kapp once said, ‘‘The greatest we’re here to focus on, on how the Purple game in America is called opportunity. and Gold turned opponents black and blue. Football is a great expression of it.’’ And I think of the Purple Haze of Dave The American political system has a play- Hoffman and Lincoln Kennedy, nicknamed off to decide a winner. It’s called an elec- the ‘‘Oval Office.’’ Now, where are these tion, Presidential election this year. And as two guys? I’ve got to see them. I can see of now the NCAA does not. And yet, in why. And at 6′ 7′′ and 325 pounds, the Pen- the truest sense, each of you are winners: tagon would be more like it. [Laughter] In- undefeated, untied, unbowed. cidentally, I want to salute your dad, a ca- And so, Barbara and I wanted to welcome reer Navy man who served in the Gulf. you here to extend our most sincere con- And then there’s Outland Trophy and gratulations not just for winning but for the Lombardi Trophy winner, all-American, example you and especially these two coach- Heisman Trophy finalist, Steve Emtman. es set for the rest of the country, to our Steve. You’ve got them all hiding in the country, the greatest, freest land on the face back here. [Laughter] All right. Welcome of the Earth. Welcome to the White House. to the White House. Congratulations. And may God bless all of And Mario Bailey. Mario, where are you? you. Right here next to me: 4 years, Rose Bowl heroics, six school records including receiving yards and touchdowns. And Washing- Note: The President spoke at 1:40 p.m. in ton’s quarterback who made 1991 an ‘‘Ode the East Room at the White House. In his to Billy Joe.’’ Passing to the 3 Smurfs, remarks, he referred to University of Wash- throwing a school record 22 touchdowns, ington football coach Don James, University Billy Joe Hobert became the second straight of Miami football coach Dennis Erickson, Huskie sophomore quarterback to be ABC sportscaster Brent Musburger, and named the Rose Bowl’s most valued player. former Minnesota Vikings quarterback Joe And so today I salute the only two divi- Kapp.

Message to the House of Representatives Returning Without Approval the Tax Fairness and Economic Growth Acceleration Act of 1992 March 20, 1992

To the House of Representatives: program would create jobs, generate long- I am returning herewith without my ap- term economic growth, and promote health, proval H.R. 4210, the ‘‘Tax Fairness and education, savings, and home ownership. Economic Growth Acceleration Act of My plan would encourage investment and 1992.’’ In my State of the Union Message, enhance real estate values—without tax in- I proposed a responsible, balanced eco- creases. nomic growth program. I challenged the Tax increases would undermine the Congress to pass incentives for growth by emerging recovery and act as a barrier to March 20. The Congress failed to meet that long-term growth. I call on the Congress challenge. The Congress’ response, H.R. to pass the seven commonsense measures 4210, is a formula for economic stagnation, that I asked for by this date, without tax not economic expansion. increases, and to join me in pursuing a long- My Administration’s economic growth term agenda for growth.

476 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / Mar. 20

I am disappointed that after 52 days the are the primary source of new job creation. Congress has produced partisan, flawed leg- H.R. 4210 would raise income tax rates islation. Rather than work in a constructive substantially for some individuals, in some manner to strengthen the economy and to cases increasing marginal rates by more create jobs, congressional leaders chose the than 30 percent. path of partisanship. H.R. 4210 would jeop- This is the wrong time to raise taxes, to ardize the recovery. It would not create increase the deficit, or to send a message jobs. It would not create incentives for long- of fiscal irresponsibility to financial markets. term investment and growth, it does not I am therefore returning H.R. 4210, and contain a tax credit for first-time home- I ask the Congress again to pass my eco- buyers, and it contains wholly inappropriate nomic growth program, without raising special interest provisions. taxes. H.R. 4210 would increase taxes by more than $100 billion. More than two-thirds of GEORGE BUSH all taxpayers facing tax increases as a result of this bill would be owners of small busi- The White House, nesses and entrepreneurs. Small businesses March 20, 1992.

Remarks to Republican Members of Congress and Presidential Appointees March 20, 1992

Welcome to the White House. Fifty-two change. And I am disappointed in Congress. days ago in my State of the Union Address, In fairness, some Democrats did not want I asked Congress to act on my agenda for to put a tax increase in the bill. And I salute economic growth. And I asked for imme- them for courageously standing up against diate action by March 20th on a series of more taxes. But politics prevailed. A slim proposals to help rekindle the economic re- majority passed the bill in the face of a covery. And I asked the Democratic leader- certain veto. But they aren’t blocking my ship to put partisanship aside, pledging to economic recovery plan because they’re do the same, in order to enact seven sen- afraid it won’t work; they’re blocking it be- sible steps to increase investment, strength- cause they’re afraid it will work. en the value of American homes, and create I do not take this step lightly. No Presi- jobs. Well, March 20th has arrived, and no dent has vetoed a major tax bill since Harry recovery bill of any kind has come to the Truman did it in 1948. But I submitted an White House as of now. economic growth plan to Congress for a rea- This morning the congressional conferees son: to promote a recovery in which every finished work on a tax bill. It would increase American has an interest. The package I taxes and harm the economy. And so, today proposed was carefully tailored. It was paid I am doing three things. First, I have just for without raising taxes. It was designed signed the veto message to stop the Demo- to encourage and strengthen the positive crats’ tax increase. And second, I am taking economic signs we’re beginning to see: several additional steps on my own to help home sales and housing starts up as interest the recovery with or without action by Con- rates stay down; retail sales improving; gress. And third, while the Democratic lead- 164,000 new jobs last month alone. ership in Congress is in disarray, I am pro- In response, the Democratic Congress has posing action on the real challenges facing returned to form. It’s produced a bill that America, on my long-term plans to help will not strengthen the economy; it will America compete in the global economy of weaken it. It’s produced a bill that will not the future. stimulate growth; it will stifle it. As if by Now is the time for real, significant reflex, the Democrats in Congress could not

477 Mar. 20 / Administration of George Bush, 1992 resist their natural impulse to raise taxes. staff for Members of Congress themselves But I assure you of this: I simply will not and almost 40,000 if you include the entire let them do it. legislative branch. The number of commit- So, moments ago I signed the veto mes- tees and subcommittees has quadrupled. sage for the Democrats’ tax increase be- And for this, we get a Congress incapable cause raising taxes will not help create jobs. of passing the simple plan that I presented And the bill is not yet here, but the con- almost 2 months ago, a Congress controlled ference report tells me all I need to know. by the Democratic caucus which cannot And when the bill is sent down tonight, this manage a tiny bank or a tiny post office. signed message will be waiting for it, and In the 1990 elections, special interest po- my veto will go back to the Hill the minute litical action committees, PAC’s, gave almost the bill arrives. And needless to say, I will $117 million to incumbent Congressmen not send it back via the House post office. and Senators. Only about $15 million were [Laughter] The message is clear: My veto, donated to challengers. With this eight-to- and a block of votes ready to sustain it, one spending advantage, obvious voter dis- stands ready to stop any tax increase on the content was buried in a wave of PAC-fi- American people. nanced television advertising. And so, nearly With that clear, I ask the Democratic every incumbent won. leadership to put aside once and for all the The time has come for change because idea of a tax increase. And I ask the Con- when the system is broken, you do have gress again: Pass the seven commonsense to fix it. And I have proposed to eliminate measures that I have proposed to help the the PAC’s which are poisoning our system. economy now. Do so without raising taxes, The time has come to eliminate these politi- and I’ll sign it. And then let’s get on to cal action committees in their entirety. the long-term agenda. But stop holding the American economy hostage in a partisan I propose also to increase accountability. game. I’m ordering several steps to implement Passing a tax increase is bad enough, but promptly the Supreme Court’s Beck deci- here’s what really troubles me. The irre- sion. No worker should be forced to have sponsibility of Congress on this plan, it’s a money taken out of his or her paycheck to part of a pattern. It reflects a more serious fund politicians that he or she disagrees problem, a deeper, systemic problem that with. We should apply to Congress the same is gnawing at the strength of our Nation. laws, from employment practices to civil It is no wonder that Americans are angry. rights to the Freedom of Information Act, Today, looking at the accumulated evidence which it imposes on everyone else. of several years, it must be said: Our con- And I believe the time has come to limit gressional system is broken. the terms of Congressmen. The terms of We have a long tradition in this country Presidents are limited. It’s time for the of pulling together when national need de- terms of Congressmen to be limited. mands that we do so. And over the years, The bottom line is that we all need a many accomplishments, large and small, new Congress, one that can and will work have been truly bipartisan. But Congress with me for constructive change. And in the today is different. It’s more partisan. Its meantime, I will take additional actions on campaigns are financed by special interests. my own with every legal means at my dis- It’s grown out of control. It’s lost the ability posal to keep the economy moving up. And to police itself. And perhaps most impor- I will do so in spite of the hopelessly tan- tantly, it is no longer accountable to individ- gled congressional web of PAC’s, perks, ual American citizens and voters. And this privileges, partnership, and paralysis. There must change. is, of course, a serious limit on what a Presi- One party has controlled the House of dent can do without Congress. But I am Representatives for almost four decades. determined to do all I can to effect change. Staff has become institutionalized. In 1950, First, I want to underline a fundamental there were about 2,000 personal staff in point: Government is too big, and it spends Congress. Today, there are almost 12,000 too much. I have already proposed to

478 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / Mar. 20 freeze domestic discretionary spending in feel that I do not have that line-item veto Federal employment next year. And I’ve authority. And this opinion was shared by also proposed to curb the growth of manda- the Attorney General in the previous admin- tory programs without touching Social Secu- istration. rity. Mandatory spending, spending on pro- I ask the American people, then, to de- grams that need no annual congressional ac- mand that a President be given line-item tion to keep growing, consumes almost two- veto authority legislatively or, if necessary, thirds of the entire Federal budget. Over by changing the Constitution. The line-item the next decade, this spending, if left un- veto is essential, and I need it now. checked, will grow by $2 trillion more than Secondly, I’ve directed the Vice President is needed for inflation and new bene- to step up the assault on unnecessary regu- ficiaries. Currently, most of these programs lation and paperwork. Let me give you a grow automatically without congressional re- progress report that he gave to me, and he’s view or even a chance for a Presidential doing a superb job on this. Though some veto. in Congress oppose regulatory relief, I’ve My proposal, which is before Congress already taken specific steps to remove the now, would permit these programs to grow regulatory roadblocks to growth. We’ve im- for inflation and new beneficiaries and, plemented plans to promote biotechnology, where necessary, some amount above that. to lower construction costs, help small busi- But we need some ceiling to keep their ness, ease the credit crunch, help clean up growth within reasonable bounds. Uncon- the air, reduce costs in transportation, and trollable spending is a major cause of the cut through the morass of regulation and Federal deficit that I’m working to contain, agriculture. and it must be addressed. Today I am sending to Capitol Hill the And today, we’re launching a new public- first of a series of additional measures to private partnership to promote research and cut Federal spending now, this year. I have development by bringing the good ideas also directed all Agency heads to look for from our Federal labs into the marketplace. further areas where spending cuts can be Over the coming months, we will be an- made now. The line-item rescissions identi- nouncing many more such steps to chop fied so far, in total, will cancel out about away at needless regulation and paperwork $4 billion in unnecessary spending: funds wherever we can. Too much regulation for local parking garages, $100,000 for as- smothers innovation, eliminates jobs, and paragus yield declines, mink research, prick- makes America less competitive. ly pear research. The examples would be I realize that these are only modest steps, funny if the effect weren’t so serious. And but they reflect a fundamental attitude. And this kind of wasteful spending destroys pub- if the Democratic leadership that runs the lic confidence in the integrity of the Gov- status quo Congress will not help us change ernment. And Americans have every right America, we have to change it without to be outraged and disgusted. It’s their them. And if the Democratic leadership that money. runs the status quo Congress will not help I will work with the Republicans in the us reform Government, we must reform it House to bring these items to a vote indi- without them. vidually. Forcing the Democratic leadership You see, change is nothing to fear. For to allow line-by-line votes on items of pork more than two centuries, America has been will bring us a step closer to the account- a force for change. Our restlessness is leg- ability and the power that 43 Governors endary. Our energy is boundless. Because have, the line-item veto. of this, today America, even given our eco- Some argue that the President already has nomic problems, is the most productive Na- that authority, the line-item veto authority, tion on the face of the Earth, with the high- but our able Attorney General, in whom est standard of living. We have only one- I have full confidence, and my trusted twentieth of the world’s population. But we White House Counsel, backed up by legal produce one-fourth of the world’s output, opinions from most of the legal scholars, twice that of Japan, 4 times that of

479 Mar. 20 / Administration of George Bush, 1992

Germany. ing private sector investment, Congress Today America’s credibility and prestige should pass the capital gains tax cut and in the world, not to mention our strength, make the R&D tax credit permanent. have never been greater. But we didn’t get And second, we must prepare our work where we are by standing still. We got force to compete, through better education, where we are by always striving to do bet- better training. And I’ve proposed a set of ter. And that’s why the current paralysis of dramatic reforms in education called Amer- the Congress, controlled over and over ica 2000 and a new approach to job training, again by that liberal Democratic majority, Job Training 2000. The idea of America is so troubling. It’s caused too many Ameri- 2000 is simple, to revolutionize American cans, at the exact moment of triumph for education. And that means creating new American values around the world, to lose kinds of schools with new technology and confidence. Americans are understandably worried new ways of learning. It means measuring about their future, not only about the econ- progress and holding schools accountable omy right now, although that is a key prob- for their performance. And it means giving lem, but about the economic competition all families, including low- and middle-in- of the future, about the central question come families, choice in picking their chil- that lies at the heart of the American dren’s schools. dream: Will our children have a better life We’ve put the resources behind our ef- than we do? forts. Although budget dollars are very tight, Make no mistake: We will compete and education is so important to me that I’ve win in the global economy. In the last 10 increased funding, funding for education, by years we’ve become more productive. Our 42 percent just since 1989 and gave it the exports have more than doubled. Manufac- biggest increase this year. I put in place turing productivity has increased. And we a new program to help train teachers in are capturing new markets around the world math and science and increased funding for from Europe to Africa to Latin America. math and science education by over 69 per- But in order to keep succeeding in this cent. But more money alone won’t do it. global economic competition we’ve got to We need reform. change America in five key ways. We need And thirdly, we must reform health care. a strategy that is confident, forward-looking, America has provided the best quality future-oriented, and we need to be willing health care in the entire world. But we are to change. plagued by two problems: Too many Ameri- First, we must expand markets for Amer- cans are not covered by health insurance, ican products. So, I will continue to pursue and health care costs too much. And I have a GATT agreement to open markets fur- proposed a comprehensive plan to make ther. I will push for a North American free trade agreement to unlock the potential of health care more affordable, more available, markets in Mexico and Canada. And I will more sensible. It guarantees access for af- work for bilateral agreements to knock fordable health care, affordable health in- down barriers to American exports. surance for all Americans. Congress should To win these markets we must guarantee pass it, and that will help our competitive- that America will lead the world in knowl- ness all around the world. edge, in new ideas, in making products of Fourth, we’ve got to fix our legal system. the highest quality. And that requires spe- America is drowning in a sea of litigation. cific investments today. I’ve proposed to in- Too many lawsuits means higher prices for vest more in basic R&D, research and de- consumers and reduced competitiveness for velopment, and in key technologies like all America. It is estimated that fear of high-performance computing, new and ad- medical practice alone generates up to vanced materials in biotechnology. Congress about $20 billion per year in increased should approve these investments. And not health costs. This must change. In some only the Government must invest more in cases we should require the loser to pay the future. To maintain our edge by increas- the winner’s legal fees, and that would stop

480 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / Mar. 20 some of these frivolous lawsuits. You know have consequences. Well, one set of actions the problem. When parents won’t coach Lit- should have consequences. The failure of tle League teams, when obstetricians won’t Congress to move on our program of deliver babies, and when community pools change means only one thing: It is time for are closed in the summertime, all because a new Congress. Give others a chance to of the fear of liability, we know that some- control the United States Congress. You thing is wrong. And now is the time for give me the right lawmakers, and I’ll give Congress to pass my legislation to fix it. you the right laws. And fifth, we must tackle each of these Over the coming weeks I’ll be speaking challenges without higher taxes or more more about these changes, and I’ll be laying Government spending. America doesn’t out further specific plans that I have for need bigger Government; it needs better each. And I ask the American people to Government. On every one of these issues compare those plans to the response of the the Democrats in Congress are standing in Democratic-led status quo Congress and the the way of reform. They’ve cut my budgets do-nothing caucus that has dominated that for R&D and investing in the future and Democratic Party for too long. then voted instead for pork. Patrick Henry said, ‘‘I like the dreams of They’ve stripped choice and accountabil- the future better than the history of the ity out of the education bill. They are work- past.’’ Well, Patrick Henry was right. Imag- ing on a Government takeover as a solution ine the irony, as the world is beating a path to our health care program, to be financed to freedom’s door, if we, ourselves, were by a massive tax increase. And the special to turn back now. If we carry the change interests have made them afraid of legal re- forward, we can have a nation of productive form. Well, it is time for Congress to either workers and competitive companies, of lead, to follow, or simply get out of the healthy and secure communities, of schools way. that are the best in the entire world. And On every one of these challenges there America can remain a nation whose exuber- are two very different ways of looking at ant confidence and commitment to freedom the world, one is reformist and the other are admired worldwide. protects the status quo. And that difference I am ready to build such an America. Be- is driven by values. The special interests and cause if we can change the world, we can the foot-draggers do not believe in the kind change America. of change that we seek, change which re- Thank you all. And may God bless the spects markets more than Government dic- United States of America. Thank you very tates, which recognizes fundamental Amer- much. ican values and the difference between right and wrong, which rewards excellence and punishes wrong-doing. Note: The President spoke at 4:04 p.m. in They do not believe that actions should the East Room at the White House.

Statement on Signing Legislation Waiving Printing Requirements for the Tax Bill March 20, 1992

Today I approve H.J. Res. 446, which to me after certification by the Committee waives the printing requirements of sections on House Administration of the House of 106 and 107 of Title 1 of the United States Representatives that the form is a true en- Code with respect to H.R. 4210. I do so rollment. In signing the resolution, I express to avoid any confusion as to my ability to no view as to whether it is necessary to act on any form of that legislation presented waive the provisions of Title 1 before I

481 Mar. 20 / Administration of George Bush, 1992 exercise my prerogatives under Article I, The White House, section 7 of the Constitution where the March 20, 1992. Congress has presented to me any form of bill it considers to be a true enrollment. Note: H.J. Res. 446, approved March 20, GEORGE BUSH was assigned Public Law No. 102–260.

Statement by Press Secretary Fitzwater on the Russia-United States Commission on Prisoners of War and Missing in Action March 20, 1992

The United States and Russia have estab- tionship with Russia. lished a joint commission to investigate un- Former Ambassador to the Soviet Union resolved cases of prisoners of war and miss- Malcolm Toon has been designated the ing in action dating from the Second World President’s representative and Chairman of War, including the Korean and Vietnam the U.S. delegation to this commission. The conflicts. The creation of this commission commission also will include Senators John underscores the commitment of both the Kerry and Robert Smith and Congressmen United States and Russia to work together Pete Peterson and John Miller. The Russian in a spirit of friendship to uncover the fate delegation will be chaired by Gen. Dmitri of missing servicemen on both sides. This Volkogonov, a senior adviser to President effort symbolizes the determination of the Yeltsin. The first meeting of the joint com- administration to resolve outstanding issues mission will be held March 26–28 in Mos- from the cold war period and is another step in developing our new cooperative rela- cow.

Nomination of Bruno Victor Manno To Be an Assistant Secretary of Education March 20, 1992

The President today announced his inten- cational Research and Improvement as tion to nominate Bruno Victor Manno, of Deputy Assistant Secretary for Policy and Ohio, to be an Assistant Secretary of Edu- Planning; Acting Assistant Secretary and cation for Policy and Planning. He would Chief of Staff; and as Director of Planning. succeed Charles E. M. Kolb. Dr. Manno graduated from the University Currently Dr. Manno serves as Acting As- of Dayton (B.A., 1970; M.A., 1972) and sistant Secretary for Policy and Planning at Boston College (Ph.D., 1975). He was born the U.S. Department of Education. Prior May 2, 1947, in Cleveland, OH. He is mar- to this, Dr. Manno served at the Depart- ried and resides in Washington, DC. ment of Education in the Office of Edu-

482 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / Mar. 22

Nomination of David Spears Addington To Be General Counsel of the Department of Defense March 20, 1992

The President today announced his inten- President for Legislative Affairs, 1987–1988. tion to nominate David Spears Addington, From 1986 to 1987, he served as the Re- of Virginia, to be General Counsel of the publican Chief Counsel of the Committee Department of Defense. He would succeed on Foreign Affairs of the House of Rep- Terrence O’Donnell. resentatives. Currently Mr. Addington serves as Special Mr. Addington graduated from George- Assistant to the Secretary and the Deputy town University (B.A., 1978) and Duke Uni- Secretary of Defense. Prior to this, he versity (J.D., 1981). He was born January served as Deputy Assistant to the President 22, 1957, in Washington, DC. Mr. for Legislative Affairs at the White House, Addington resides in Arlington, VA. 1988–1989, and as a Special Assistant to the

Nomination of Duane Acker To Be an Assistant Secretary of Agriculture March 20, 1992

The President today announced his inten- Food and Agriculture at the U.S. Agency tion to nominate Duane Acker, of Virginia, for International Development in Washing- to be an Assistant Secretary of Agriculture ton, DC. From 1975 to 1986, Dr. Acker for Science and Education. He would suc- served as president of Kansas State Univer- ceed Charles E. Hess. sity. Currently Dr. Acker serves as Adminis- Dr. Acker graduated from Iowa State trator of the Foreign Agricultural Service University (B.S., 1952; M.S., 1953) and and Administrator for International Co- Oklahoma State University (Ph.D., 1957). operation and Development at the U.S. De- He was born March 13, 1931, in Atlantic, partment of Agriculture. Prior to this, he IA. Dr. Acker is married, has two children, served as Assistant to the Administrator for and resides in Arlington, VA.

The President’s News Conference With Chancellor Helmut Kohl of Germany March 22, 1992

The President. Chancellor Kohl and I had substitute for our Atlantic link, anchored by a very productive discussion on a wide a strong American military presence in Eu- range of the issues that face us in the new rope which the Chancellor and I both era; among them, the American role in Eu- agreed must be maintained. rope, support for the democratic revolutions In our review of the Uruguay round nego- in Russia and Eastern Europe, and world tiations, the Chancellor and I reaffirmed trade talks. our determination to reach an early agree- We agreed that NATO remains the bed- ment that expands the world trading system. rock of European peace and there is no This would be a victory for U.S.-

483 Mar. 22 / Administration of George Bush, 1992

European partnership in promoting free we maintain free world trade, that this is trade, spurring economic growth, and creat- very important for a good development of ing jobs in the U.S., Germany, and all devel- the world economy. And this is, indeed, one oping countries. of the main reasons why we intend to We also discussed how we can best sup- strengthen GATT. port democracy in the East. We agreed that And we are also, both of us, very well- as Russia and other new democracies adopt aware of the fact that the successful conclu- reform programs, we and the rest of the sion of the GATT round is also of para- G–7 countries should take the lead in ex- mount importance for the countries of the panding financial support through the inter- Third World. And this is why we want to national financial institutions. put all our efforts into these negotiations Our talks have shown that the Atlantic in the coming weeks and why we want to partnership is as vital and healthy as ever. come to a successful conclusion of the And I’m especially pleased to see the GATT round at the very latest by the end United States and Germany are working as of April. closely now as we did during the period In our talks, we talked, obviously, also of German unification. about the preparations leading up to the And finally, on a very personal side, Bar- bara and I were just delighted to have this world economic summit meeting in Munich time together with Chancellor Kohl, with in July. And the President supported me his wife, and it was also a great pleasure in the endeavor that these talks should focus to have their son up there at Camp David. more intensively on informal talks and that It was a good visit. we should give room to the discussions on Mr. Chancellor, the floor is yours, sir. global issues that are of interest to all of The Chancellor. Mr. President, Mrs. us. Bush, ladies and gentlemen, I would like Very important issues for the summit to take up where you left off, Mr. President, meeting in Munich will be, first of all, the and thank you and Mrs. Bush for the very world economic developments. We want warm hospitality with which you received this summit to strengthen the trust and con- my wife, my son, and the members of my fidence in all countries in the world econ- delegation at Camp David. It was a very, omy. very friendly meeting, a very personal meet- Another important subject for Munich ing, a very nice coda for these discussions will be the situation in the Commonwealth on problems of interest to both of us and of Independent States and in the countries which will be of interest for the very near of Central and Eastern Europe. We will talk future. in Munich particularly about an overall One of these issues which we consider package of so-called ‘‘help for self-help’’ to be a very important one was the issue where we want to draw up a sort of frame- of GATT. Obviously, I did not come here work for cooperation of the West with the as an official negotiator but as a member C.I.S. or as a representative of an EC member And a third very important subject which country. I explained our position on this we talked about is the improvement of co- question once again. The negotiations obvi- operation of Western industrialized coun- ously are being weighed by the EC Com- tries with the countries of the Third World mission, and the EC Commission enjoys the now after the end of the cold war. full confidence of the EC member coun- Another important subject we talked tries. about in view of the very dramatic changes President Bush and I are in agreement in the successor republics of the former So- that it is of paramount importance for world viet Union and the Commonwealth of Inde- economy to come to a successful conclusion pendent States was the overall situation of the GATT negotiations now. And we are there, but also the relief activities that our in agreement that we have to prevent at two countries have already initiated. We just all costs a fallback into a policy of protec- initiated the second of these assistance ac- tionism. We know that it is, particularly at tivities, and it is the second of the kind. this juncture, a very important thing that But obviously, we cannot go on doing this

484 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / Mar. 22 kind of thing indefinitely. with the American people. What is important now is to give them Mr. President, allow me to thank you a sort of a solid program of help or self- once again for these days where you once help where we focus on individual areas, again demonstrated your friendship to us, where we focus, for example, on agriculture, which made it possible to meet in this very on improvement of infrastructure, on the warm and hospitable atmosphere. improvement of transport and communica- The President. Now, we’ll take questions, tion links, and where we also concentrate and it would be nice to alternate between on improving, for example, the safety stand- the Chancellor and me. And so, can we start ards of nuclear power plants in the former off in a spirit of hospitality for a question Soviet Union. for the Chancellor? Helen [Helen Thomas, These were just some of the subjects that United Press International]. we dealt with during our very long and intensive discussions during these past 2 days. Multilateral Trade Negotiations But I would like to mention the most im- Q. Yes, for both of you. It is well-known portant subject at the end of my remarks that you both want a GATT agreement. Was here: that once again, during these 2 days, anything done? Were any ideas presented it became apparent that the United States to make the breakthrough? of America and reunified Germany are The Chancellor. Obviously, we talked linked by very strong bonds of friendship about where we are already in agreement and partnership. No matter what will hap- and where we still have some questions to pen in the world, this friendship, this part- solve before we can reach agreement. When nership is of existential importance for us I get back to Bonn, I will call on my Euro- Germans. In future, too, freedom and secu- pean colleagues, and I will call also Jacques rity of Europe and also, therefore, of Ger- Delors, as representative of the EC Com- many can be safeguarded by this transmission. And once again, I will give a full atlantic alliance, which is why I would like report of these 2 days of talks, and we will to underline here in Washington, in the once again try to find out where there is White House, that for us it is a matter of course that this includes also a substantial further room for negotiations in order to presence of American troops in Europe. come, then, at the end to a compromise. But it is our joint desire that our relation- And obviously, we’re not going to talk ship will be deepened and widened beyond about the content of these negotiations be- the mere scope of security and military cause this is, after all, what negotiations are issues, that we come to even closer relations about. You first of all negotiate, and then in the cultural field, in the scientific field, you come to some form of content. in research and development, which is why Q. Do you have solid reason for your opti- I’m very pleased to be able to announce— mism? and we have agreed on this—that this year The Chancellor. Obviously when we talk we will inaugurate a German-American about compromise, it means that both sides Academy of Sciences. This has never ex- have to move. isted, to my knowledge, in the United States of America, and we have never had this sort Presidential Campaign of link with the United States before or with Q. Mr. President, in this room on Friday any other country across the Atlantic, for you spoke a great deal about change and that matter. I think that an instrument such spoke of yourself as a person who wants as this one is of utmost importance, particu- to press for change. You have been Presi- larly for the young generation, for fostering dent and Vice President for 11 years now; a mutual understanding of each other. And before that you had a long record as a I would now like to issue an invitation to Washington insider. This being the case, all our American friends to participate as how can you convincingly present yourself guests in the German cultural festival that as a candidate of change? will take place here soon and to understand The President. I thought I spelled out the this as a sign of sympathy and friendship other day exactly what I mean by change:

485 Mar. 22 / Administration of George Bush, 1992 far better system of education, vast im- here to program proposals that will preserve provement in many domestic problems, in- what is important for all of us, namely Cre- cluding the economy. I made suggestions ation. that I have made before, and I’ll keep mak- [A question was asked in German, and a ing them to try to get the economy moving. translation was not provided.] And so, I do represent that, and I would like to get more cooperation to make the The Chancellor. There are no differences. changes possible. But I will be prepared to There are certain areas where we have to take my case to the people in the fall about exchange views and deepen our knowledge the future. about each other’s position a little more, but we are in agreement. Iraq Q. Mr. President, did you and the Chan- South Africa cellor have an opportunity to discuss what to do with, and to, Saddam Hussein? Q. To both gentlemen. I know among The President. No, we didn’t. We dis- your many responsibilities you both fol- cussed about the fact that the United Na- lowed what happened in South Africa this tions resolutions must be implemented in week. I wonder if either country has any their entirety. But I don’t think it went be- plans to help South Africa further now? And yond that. I thanked the Chancellor for are you confident that foreign investments their support back during the war; I will be protected? thanked him for his total understanding and The President. Let me just say we did his cooperation. But we did not go into any talk about South Africa a little bit. I think details about what steps might next be we both are very pleased at the changes taken. Is that—— that have taken place there. I didn’t tell The Chancellor. Yes. Chancellor Kohl this, but I did call Mr. de Klerk the day after the election to salute United Nations Environmental Conference him for his courageous leadership. And all Q. Both of you did not mention the sum- I can think of is that we want to move for- mit in Brazil on the environment. Did you ward bilaterally, the United States and talk about it, and did you bridge any dif- South Africa, just as fast as we can. ferences which might have existed? There are some technicalities remaining, The Chancellor. Yes, we talked about this but our relationships have improved dra- subject, too. Obviously, my time here was matically. And they will improve more limited, so I didn’t mention all the subjects under his leadership. The job isn’t finished, we raised during these 2 days of talks. We but he has made a courageous start. So, agreed that we would—obviously also with we talked about it, and I think we both other governments—but first of all we agreed the progress is dramatic. would, namely the Government of the Fed- Do you want to add? eral Republic of Germany and the Govern- The Chancellor. I would like to underline ment of the United States of America, work here what the President just said. I think very closely together in preparing this con- many people have not quite fully under- ference. stood what a wise political course President We know how important this conference de Klerk steered here and how courageous is for many, many countries in the world. he was at the same time and how much And obviously, this importance is increased he risked. And I think if we think back to by the fact that this conference takes place only 5 years ago, then it becomes apparent only a few days or weeks before the G– what a substantial step forward this is. And 7 summit meeting in Munich. And we all he deserves every support we can give him. know, I think, about the difficulty of having And we are in agreement that we want to to reconcile here the expectations of the give him this support, each in his own way. countries of the Third World and, on the And at our next summit meeting in Lis- other hand, the determined effort of the bon, among the member countries of the industrialized countries to indeed come EC, we will certainly discuss this subject

486 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / Mar. 22 very thoroughly. Let me say that a failure tross around your neck. If, for example, of de Klerk at the ballot box would have there were to be a GATT agreement, would been indeed a catastrophe. you use that to say, ‘‘Listen, this will prevent a worldwide depression, a worldwide trade Nuclear Weapons war; it shows that foreign policy is impor- [The following question was asked in Ger- tant’’? Would you be able to use this as man.] a campaign issue? Q. The question related to the dispute And are you concerned about the level between Ukraine and Russia as regards the of debate among Democratic candidates nuclear weapons and other weapons and the when they talk about foreign policy? Do you distribution of them. think it’s being ignored so far? The Chancellor. This indeed is one of the And Chancellor Kohl, are you concerned most pressing issues that we have to deal about the level of debate and the quality with in our contacts with the Common- of debate so far in this election year? Mr. wealth of Independent States because obvi- Bush’s Republican challenger, for example, ously a number of these republics have an has shown isolationist trends. Does that con- enormous amount, an enormous arsenal of cern you? weapons, both nuclear and conventional. The President. May I start? Well, in the And I should also mention chemical weap- first place, John, that’s a very broad ques- ons, which unfortunately are fairly often for- tion. I am convinced that foreign policy and gotten but which also can be used to dev- world peace is going to be a major issue astating effect. And I think that it must be in the fall. I was asked the question here now in our joint interests to come to some about change. I think all America rejoices form of settlement here of this issue. Russia in the fact that Germany is unified. I think and the Ukraine have to come to some form they rejoice in the fact that our children of arrangement between each other so that go to sleep at night with a little less fear we achieve a lasting and durable safe situa- of nuclear weapons. You talk about change, tion for all of us. this is significant. I think they rejoice in And I would like to say here for the Fed- the fact that Eastern Europe is free and eral Government, without wanting to create democratic. And I think they rejoice in the the impression that we want to interfere fact, if they think about it, that there is sig- into the internal affairs or infringe on the nificant change in the Middle East, where sovereignty of any state, that this subject people that were never willing to talk before will indeed play a role when we discuss aid are talking. This is significant change, and to these former Soviet republics, the repub- it is in the interest of the United States. lics which now form the C.I.S., and that Now, it has not been on the front burner. we will think of that when we discuss ‘‘help But clearly, anybody aspiring to the Presi- for self-help.’’ dency is going to have to discuss these mat- The President. May I only add one thing on that, that I did talk to President ters of world peace, national security, and Kravchuk of Ukraine yesterday. And he, the domestic policy as well. knowing I was going to meet with Chan- So, I think you raise an interesting ques- cellor Kohl, asked me to assure the Chan- tion, and I think the American people cellor that he was going to do everything would agree that that subject of foreign pol- he could to satisfy the requirements of the icy and of world peace and of change that whole world on this question of safe dis- has happened in the last 3 years and, in- posal of nuclear weapons. deed, over the last 12 years has been signifi- John [John Cochran, NBC News]? cant. It’s been dramatic; the world has dramatically changed for the better. And if Presidential Campaign we’re going to be talking about problems Q. A question to both of you about for- in one area or another, we’re going to be eign policy during an American political talking about them worldwide. year. Mr. President, your interest in foreign So, I think the debate has not been joined policy has almost become a political alba- on that. I think it isn’t in focus. To some

487 Mar. 22 / Administration of George Bush, 1992 degree, I can understand it. When people asked my opinion on this, I would give him are hurting at home, the Chancellor and the following answer: I would tell him that I talked about this, most of the concentra- a destiny of peoples is being decided on tion is on the domestic economy. But any the foreign policy front and that each peo- Presidential debate is going to be about ple that does not understand and follow this change in foreign policy as well as domestic. lesson of history, that it will have to pay And we are very proud of the changes that very dearly for this. have taken place around the world because And for a people such as the American of what we’ve done, what other Presidents people, that whether it wants it or not has before me have done in keeping this coun- this role, this decisive role in world politics try strong, restoring credibility to the to play and will have to play this role, this United States. is even more valid. Had President George So, I think it is an issue. And ironically, Bush not proved to be such a strong leader the Chancellor and I did discuss it in very over these past years, obviously these dra- generic terms, in the sense of what were matic changes would not have taken place going to be the issues in the fall. And I in the world. told him I thought foreign policy was going It is true that he was not the only one to be one. Is that—— to bring about these changes; there were Multilateral Trade Negotiations many others who influenced events. But he played a decisive role. I would just like to Q. Also, will the GATT agreement help illustrate this by giving you a small example: you? When I was here 3 years ago and we gave The President. Well, the GATT agree- a press conference here in the White ment will help the world. And clearly it will House, one of the main topics on the agen- help the United States, and clearly it will da was the followup to Lance. Now, if you help agricultural America. And it will help ask anybody what is Lance, what is the fol- the Third World. Far better than aid pro- lowup to Lance, they probably wouldn’t be grams is open trade. And so, it will help able to answer because the world has everybody. changed so dramatically. What we’re talking But it shouldn’t be viewed in a partisan about now are Russia, the Ukraine, building mode. I know we still have some isolation- up democracy, promoting market economy ists, some protectionists that don’t want to there, building up free political systems in go forward with these international agree- these countries. ments. They are wrong. It is in the interest We invested enormous sums of money in of our country to conclude the GATT agree- the past in the arms race, in building up ment. It is in the interest of our country huge arms arsenals, in trying to meet the to conclude a North American free trade Communist challenge everywhere. And now agreement. You talk about change, there’s we are making a huge investment in peace, something dramatic. in freedom. There is no longer any Com- So, these things are in our interest, and munist dictatorship in Europe. And I don’t I will keep pressing for them, good politics think that you have to be a prophet to be or not. They are in the best interest of the able to say that in the foreseeable future United States. there won’t be any Communist dictatorship Chancellor? in the world anymore. And I think that this The Chancellor. George, I would like to is a fantastic fact. add a comment to your response to this The President. I think we have time, Mar- question which I consider to be of utmost lin says, for one over here, sir, and then importance for us in Germany and in Eu- Frank [Frank Murray, Washington Times], rope as a whole. Obviously, in an election and that’s it. campaign there are a lot of issues that loom large, and a lot of them being domestic issues. And I certainly don’t want to inter- Nuclear Weapons fere into your internal affairs or into the Q. Mr. President, may I come back to election campaign. But if an American that nuclear problem in the Soviet Union,

488 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / Mar. 22 or ex-Soviet Union? What can you tell us that, worked with them in the past, pre- about ongoing productions of nuclear weap- pared to work with them in the future. But ons in the former Soviet Union, and why there are certain principles that I can’t give are they doing that? in on. And I would also say that we’re mov- The President. Why are they not starting ing into this election year, and I think most to get rid of them? people recognize that there’s going to be Q. They are producing. a lot more political posturing out there. I’m The President. I can’t answer that ques- President. I’ve got to try to keep moving tion for you, but I can say that they as re- the country forward. And I’m going to do cently as yesterday reiterated, the Ukrain- that. And most of my time now will be ians anyway, their conviction to get rid of spent in doing exactly that, with Super nuclear weapons. They’re having a dispute, Tuesday and the high concentration of pri- as you know, or had one inside there with maries behind us. the Russians as to how to go about that. But I’m perfectly prepared to work with But I am confident that they are on the the Congress. But we’ve got to be realistic right track, that we are going to see substan- about politics. And I might add that far bet- tial reductions. ter than doing something bad to this econ- And so, it’s moving in the right direction, omy is doing nothing at all. The best thing I can’t answer your question on why they would be to do something that would stimu- are producing any at all, unless it would late investment. But if that can’t happen be under the question of modernization. then the next choice would be do nothing, But we have numbers we’re working to- and the worst choice would be to pass a wards. And indeed, in terms of destruction tax-and-spend bill. So, we’re coming into a of tactical nukes and all, why, I think it’s political year when each side is going to generally moving in the right direction. We be expressing its own political positions. still have to be sure that it’s done safely, And that might mean that we don’t move that it’s done in accordance with the safest things forward as fast as I would like. But possible procedures. But I can’t answer your I’m going to keep on trying. question specifically, but I can say on a Q. Does that mean that you subscribe to broader sense it’s moving in the right direc- the premise of no compromise on taxes? tion. And how long does that—— Yes, Frank. This is the last one. The President. Well, I think they will, at some point in here, will give up on trying Economic and Tax Legislation to raise taxes on people. But in terms of Q. Mr. President, you discussed here sitting and talking about what we can do today the need for compromise to win a to move investment incentives forward, GATT agreement. And yet, your Chief of which does have to do with taxation, I think Staff today said that on the major domestic we ought to try to get something moving issue right now, the taxes and economic leg- on that front. islation, that there will be no compromise. So, it’s in that area—I didn’t hear the He referred to Senator Bentsen and Mr. comments; I was busily engaged in a very Rostenkowski as being out of touch with fruitful and constructive discussion with the reality. And I’m wondering how, with that Chancellor, so I was spared the agony of kind of rhetoric and no compromise, you listening to these talking shows that come expect to achieve a settlement? Could you on every Saturday and Sunday. [Laughter] tell us what you’re going to do about that? So I didn’t hear it, so I just can’t comment The President. Just keep pressing for on the byplay. I can tell you that I’m going what’s right. And I’m confident that at some to continue to take my case to the people point the pressure from the country will for change, for change. compel those that have resisted us to move Q. Will you not extend your no-taxes forward in the right direction. pledge, and how far—— But I think most people in this country The President. I thought I expressed it know that I held out my hand to this Con- pretty clearly here, just standing here in this gress in an effort to compromise. I’ve said room; it seems like ages ago, but it was

489 Mar. 22 / Administration of George Bush, 1992 only 48 hours ago. Note: The President’s 124th news conference Now, the Chancellor has to take a plane. began at 4:15 p.m. in the East Room at He’s got to be at work in the morning. What the White House. The Chancellor spoke in time is it back there in Germany? Eleven German, and his remarks were translated o’clock or something like that. So, we better by an interpreter. In his remarks, the Chan- let him go. cellor referred to NATO’s Lance short-range Thank you, Helmut. nuclear missile.

Message on the Observance of the Iranian New Year March 16, 1992

I am delighted to extend greetings to all in equal opportunity for all—ideals that Iranian Americans as you celebrate Nowruz, make this Nation’s diversity a source of the Iranian New Year. strength and pride. This occasion provides a welcome oppor- On this occasion, as you gather with fam- tunity to recognize the many outstanding ily and friends to forgive old grievances and contributions that Iranian immigrants and to celebrate the arrival of spring, you fill their descendants have made to the United your communities with a sense of reconcili- States. Through your unique customs and ation and renewal. What better way to begin traditions, you have greatly enriched Amer- a new year. ican culture, while at the same time giving Barbara joins me in wishing you a memo- your fellow citizens a deeper understanding rable celebration. of your ancestral homeland. Through your myriad achievements in academia and in the GEORGE BUSH workplace and through your increasing participation in government, you have also Note: This message was released by the Of- demonstrated your belief in freedom and fice of the Press Secretary on March 23.

Memorandum Delegating Authority Regarding Weapons Destruction in the Former Soviet Union March 20, 1992

Memorandum for the Secretary of State, the to in section 108 of the Dire Emergency Secretary of Defense, the Director of the Supplemental Appropriations and Transfers Office of Management and Budget for Relief From the Effects of Natural Dis- asters, for Other Urgent Needs, and for In- Subject: Delegation of Responsibilities under Public Law 102–229 cremental Cost of ‘Operation Desert Shield/ Desert Storm’ Act of 1992 (Public Law By the authority vested in me by the Con- 102–229) (the Act); and stitution and the laws of the United States 2. to the Secretary of Defense the au- of America, including section 301 of title thorities and duties vested in the President 3 of the United States Code, I hereby dele- under sections 212, 221, 231, and 232 of gate: H.R. 3807 as passed the Senate on Novem- 1. to the Secretary of State the authority ber 25, 1991, and referred to in section 108 and duty vested in the President under sec- of the Act. tion 211(b) of H.R. 3807 as passed the Sen- ate on November 25, 1991, and referred The Secretary of Defense shall not exer-

490 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / Mar. 23 cise authority delegated by paragraph 2 to in section 108 of the Act. hereof with respect to any former Soviet The Secretary of State is directed to pub- republic unless the Secretary of State has lish this memorandum in the Federal Reg- exercised the authority and performed the ister. duty delegated by paragraph 1 hereof with respect to that former Soviet republic. The GEORGE BUSH Secretary of Defense shall not obligate funds in the exercise of authority delegated [Filed with the Office of the Federal Reg- by paragraph 2 hereof unless the Director ister, 3:10 p.m., April 2, 1992] of the Office of Management and Budget has made the determination required by Note: This memorandum was released by section 221(e) of H.R. 3807 as passed the the Office of the Press Secretary on March Senate on November 25, 1991, and referred 23.

Remarks at the Swearing-In Ceremony for Barbara H. Franklin as Secretary of Commerce March 23, 1992

May I thank Ambassador Schnabel for about to become the current Secretary of presiding here, but much more important, one of our Government’s great Agencies. for the job he has done in an interim pe- For me, today is sentimental. I remember riod. It’s not easy. And he’s done an out- a couple of months ago I was telling an standing job. And this gives me an oppor- aide that I had decided to nominate Barbara tunity also to thank those who work for this to this difficult post. And he replied, ‘‘Don’t wonderful Department, the Department of you think she’s got enough to do already?’’, Commerce. We’re grateful to each and referring to Barbara Bush. [Laughter] But every one of you. Justice O’Connor and that brings me to the one, the Barbara that Senator Danforth, thank you for your par- we are here to celebrate and to honor, the ticipation in this ceremony. I thought Eli, newest member of my Cabinet, a woman Eli Barnes, the guy that gave the Pledge who claims a long and distinguished career of Allegiance, did a first-class job, too. And in both public and private service. Master Gunnery Sergeant Ryan, an old Barbara’s been a member of the Product friend, thank you for leading us in the an- Safety Commission, a member of the Advi- them. My respects to the marines here. sory Committee for Trade Policy Negotia- Then to our various Cabinet members tions, president and CEO of her own con- with us today, it’s most appropriate that you sulting firm, and also director of seven of join your fellow Cabinet member at this America’s most successful largest corpora- special occasion. May I salute the former tions. And always she’s been a woman of Secretary of Commerce Elliot Richardson. courage, integrity, vision, and found plenty I know Pete Peterson was to be here, but of time for service to her country. I don’t think he was able to make it. But And let it never be said that someone Secretary Richardson is with us. And then from Yale doesn’t recognize talent from we have other Cabinet secretaries, Bill Harvard when he sees it. Hard to do. But Brock and Frank Carlucci and Jim Lynn her talent was spotted a lot earlier than that. and Margaret Heckler, all with us today. Here’s what her high school yearbook in Members of Congress too numerous to ac- Lancaster—this may prove embarrassing to knowledge, but all vitally interested in Bar- her, but here’s what her high school year- bara’s success as Secretary of Commerce. book in Lancaster, Pennsylvania, said: ‘‘Ver- And of course, a special salute to the one satile Barb is seen in all departments of we honor today, Barbara Franklin, who is Hempfield High School.’’ But then it goes

491 Mar. 23 / Administration of George Bush, 1992 on: ‘‘A-student, honor society member, ten- protect jobs against those who would cost nis team captain, high school cheerleader, jobs by curtailing trade, by curbing trade. student council president.’’ And now, today, I’ve known Barbara now for two decades, she is leading for a growing and prosperous dating back to the early seventies. And at American economy. that time, she was at the White House in And may I salute her husband, Wally the early seventies, I was up at the United Barnes, who has been an outstanding suc- Nations. And we agree the way to create cess in business. When she needs consulta- jobs is not to build a wall around America tion about free enterprise, she doesn’t have but to persuade other nations to tear their far to go. walls down. And I want a world of open And let me repeat what she said in Janu- markets, open competition, open hearts, ary upon accepting the Commerce post. She open minds. And so does Barbara Franklin. remarked that she would be ‘‘very proud And her record of dedication and integrity to be an advocate for American business has transformed my admiration into con- and jobs, manufacturing, service, every kind fidence and my friendship into trust. of business in this country. American busi- And at a time when competition in a ness is the envy of the world.’’ global economy is changing the way we live, Well, now that I have the benefit of her my friend takes her post to help change considerable talents, I am the envy of her the way we lead. I know she will be able former colleagues in American business. to count on a very able team of Commerce And I say that because she is energetic and officials. She has big shoes to fill, coming experienced, extremely smart. And she can in to take over from Secretary Robert help us compete in the new world economy Mosbacher, but she can do the job. and create a new American century. And to each and every one of you, again, She knows how we must write new pages who serve with her and who have helped in the story of business and jobs, the story her from the very first day she came over of American excellence. And I speak of the here in transition and now as Secretary, my Pittsburgh mechanic, the Seattle computer profound thanks to you, not just for that specialist, the Des Moines mother who also but for the way you take the message of holds down a job. And their tale is as old American business across this country and as the cotton gin and as young as magnetic around the world. tape. Work is noble in itself. No one has In that spirit, it is with great pleasure that a right to look down at any American. I turn the proceedings over to Justice And Barbara Franklin of course, likes to O’Connor for the swearing-in of a woman lift things up. And some of you may know who will help our economy thrive, our new that in addition to her other talent she’s Secretary of Commerce, Barbara Hackman an accomplished weight lifter. Arnold Franklin. Thank you very much. Schwarzenegger, eat your heart out. [Laughter] Now it’s her time to lift people: Note: The President spoke at 9:36 a.m. at people whose jobs and income depend on the Department of Commerce. In his re- commerce and trade. And she won’t help marks, he referred to Deputy Secretary of them through protectionism and isolation- Commerce Rockwell A. Schnabel and former ism either. Instead, she will be an evangelist Secretary of Commerce Peter G. Peterson. for a strong economy, driven by competi- Supreme Court Justice Sandra Day O’Con- tion, fueled by growth. And she will help nor administered the oath of office.

492 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / Mar. 23

Letter to Congressional Leaders Transmitting the Report on Foreign Intelligence Activities in the United States March 23, 1992

Dear Mr. Chairman: to any questions that you may have. Enclosed is the classified 1991 ‘‘Leahy- Sincerely, Huddleston Report’’ on the official representation in the United States of foreign GEORGE BUSH governments that engage in intelligence activities within the United States that are Note: Identical letters were sent to David harmful to our national security. The report L. Boren, chairman of the Senate Select is submitted in compliance with section Committee on Intelligence; Dave McCurdy, 601(b) of the Intelligence Authorization Act chairman of the House Permanent Select for fiscal year 1985 (Public Law 98–618; 22 Committee on Intelligence; Claiborne Pell, U.S.C. 254c–1(b)). chairman of the Senate Committee on For- The report is based on information pro- eign Relations; and Dante B. Fascell, chair- vided by the Department of State. The De- man of the House Committee on Foreign partment of State is prepared to respond Affairs.

Statement on the Strategic Defense Initiative March 23, 1992

Today marks the ninth anniversary of the ognizing the value of missile defenses and beginning of the Strategic Defense Initia- have expressed interest in a global ballistic tive. The men and women of the SDI pro- missile defense system. With the develop- gram have accomplished a great deal. They ment of the GPALS missile defense system, have proven repeatedly that we can inter- the United States will be able to confront cept warheads in space. They have made successfully the growing dangers of instabil- great advances in smaller, cheaper, more so- ity and missile proliferation. phisticated interceptors. In short, they have With the passage of the Missile Defense pushed back the frontiers of science and Act in 1991, the Congress joined the admin- engineering. istration commitment to fielding ballistic Moreover, the events of the past several missile defenses. With continuing support years have proven the critical importance of missile defenses. Last year in the Gulf from Congress we can achieve our goal and war, our Patriot system defended our troops remove the threat of limited ballistic missile and allies from Saddam Hussein’s Scud mis- strikes for the American people and our siles. Today, the Russians join us in rec- friends and allies.

Statement on the Death of Friedrich August von Hayek March 23, 1992

Barbara and I are saddened by the death 1991 because he was one of the great think- of Friedrich August von Hayek. I presented ers of our age who explored the promise him the Presidential Medal of Freedom in and contours of liberty.

493 Mar. 23 / Administration of George Bush, 1992

Professor von Hayek revolutionized the generations will read and benefit from his world’s intellectual and political life. Future works.

Statement by Press Secretary Fitzwater on the President’s Telephone Conversation With President Boris Yeltsin of Russia March 23, 1992

The President and President Yeltsin spoke commitment to continued humanitarian and for 20 minutes today. The President called technical assistance efforts. to brief President Yeltsin on his meetings President Yeltsin briefed the President on with Chancellor Kohl and said both the U.S. the results of the C.I.S. heads of state meet- and Germany agreed on the need to sup- ing in Kiev, particularly on military and nu- port Russia’s courageous economic reforms clear issues. He also reported C.I.S. willing- and would work with their G–7 partners to ness to actively work for a peaceful resolu- promote strong international support for the tion of the conflict in Nagorno-Karabakh. reforms. The President reaffirmed U.S.

Nomination of Thomas P. Kerester To Be Chief Counsel for Advocacy at the Small Business Administration March 23, 1992

The President today announced his inten- of Coopers & Lybrand in Washington, DC, tion to nominate Thomas P. Kerester, of 1974–85. Virginia, to be Chief Counsel for Advocacy Mr. Kerester graduated from Ohio State at the Small Business Administration. He University (B.S., 1951; J.D., 1953). He was would succeed Frank S. Swain. born April 12, 1929, in Youngstown, OH. Since 1985 Mr. Kerester has served as Mr. Kerester served in the U.S. Air Force, executive director of the Tax Executives In- 1955–57, and the U.S. Air Force Reserves, stitute, Inc., in Washington, DC. Prior to 1957–66. He is married, has two children, this, he served as principal with the firm and resides in Alexandria, VA.

Remarks to the National American Wholesale Grocers Association March 24, 1992

Boyd, thank you very much for the good interest so well represented here today. news and for the introduction. And let me And I am here to follow up on what I just say I am very pleased to be here. And said Friday, but mainly to ask you to help I want to salute your leaders: first, Boyd, me change this country, to make it stronger who did the honors here; Bill Eacho, who’s and make it better. And as Boyd so gener- with me; Richard Niemann; and T.C. God- ously said, we have changed the world. win. And also, before I get going here, I We’ve won a great victory for world peace want to single out a former Cabinet mem- and freedom. And as President, believe me, ber, Agricultural Secretary Jack Block, who’s I will stay fully engaged with the world. We doing an outstanding job for the common have won the cold war. And I salute previ-

494 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / Mar. 24 ous Presidents for their role in keeping our I vetoed the tax increase. And that veto is defenses strong; my predecessor, Ronald going to be sustained. But not just to carp, Reagan, for his foresight in doing what he then I announced actions that I would take could to bring about the collapse of inter- on my own to do what I could to get the national communism. fat out of the Government, to cut the red- But now is no time to pull back from tape that chokes our competitive spirit, and engagement in international affairs. So now to get this country up to speed for the long let’s put to work the same leadership that haul. we used to change the world to change You and I have business experience. We America. And let me tell you what that know what the tax increase would really do. means: We’ll leave a legacy of productive About 80 percent of the revenue increase jobs for our citizens, with strong families resulting from the higher rates would come secure in a more peaceful world. from, you guessed it, small businesses. More And I have a strategy to renew America than a million small businesses would be and to keep our country strong in the next affected, many of them crippled by that century. I proposed a plan to stimulate the Democratic-leadership tax increase. Thou- economy without raising taxes and without sands of family-run grocery and conven- increasing the Federal deficit, action to ience stores are in this category. Small fam- strengthen real estate, action to help young ily farms also could face financial ruin from families buy that first home now. Get it such a tax increase. done now. And I asked for action to create good jobs. One of those actions was to cut The bill I’ve just vetoed tried to raise the the tax on capital gains. It’s not a break marginal rate for small family businesses for the rich. It is a job-creation incentive. and farms by about 18 percent. Now, just But the majority in Congress simply think about the impact of this on your own couldn’t break their tax-and-spend habits. businesses. The grocery business, wholesale And I asked for action to stimulate this and retail, is fiercely competitive. I know economy, not stifle it. And I asked for a you’re being nice to the guy next to you jobs bill. And they passed a bill to increase here today, but when you go home, why, income taxes by $100 billion. And they we’ll understand if you go at each other. turned their backs on that first-time home- And why is it so competitive? You operate buyer by failing to enact this $5,000 tax on the thinnest of profit margins; for whole- credit. They watered down the investment salers it’s often less than a penny on the tax allowance that we had, an allowance that dollar. And if you had to face a big increase would have sped up depreciation and en- in the bracket where you pay most of your couraged people to buy new capital equip- taxes, how would you cope? You’d feel pres- ment, given them incentives to do that. sure to cut back on the quality of your serv- They stifled other reforms to help busi- ice. Competition would press you to hold nesses modernize and compete. And then out as long as possible before passing costs they tinkered with the capital gains tax. But along to your customers. So you might have if their plan were adopted, that tax would to eliminate jobs. Eventually everyone in still be among the highest in the developed the business would have to pass the costs world. along, and that would fuel inflation. You people know this, but a lot of Ameri- Those are simple facts of life for people cans don’t. Japan and Germany tax capital trying to make a living. But even as millions gains at zero and at one percent. They don’t of American families were huddling over even have—in essence don’t have taxes on their kitchen tables to work on their tax re- capital gains in one country and tax it at turns, the liberal Congress tried to raise one percent in another. And we’re to com- their taxes by $100 billion. pete with all that in this highly competitive Last Friday, as I say, I vetoed their mas- world. sive tax increase. And I sent Congress my And yes, I was disappointed in the Con- first line-item rescissions, cutting $3.6 bil- gress. But frankly, I was not surprised. And lion in unneeded wasteful spending. These so last Friday that tax bill came down, and rescissions will serve notice to Congress that

495 Mar. 24 / Administration of George Bush, 1992 the days of wasteful spending are over. And schools will do their best when parents it is a step symbolic of the power that 43 enjoy real freedom and real responsibility Governors have, the line-item veto. Inciden- to choose their children’s schools, public, tally, at their recent national meeting, the private, and religious. School choice for par- Nation’s Governors, Democrat and Repub- ents is an idea whose time has come. lican, went on record calling for line-item Second, we need to make our excellent veto authority for the President. And I need health care system more affordable and that authority. more available to Americans. We’ve got the I’m also fighting for economic growth highest quality health care in the entire through actions that don’t need to be passed world, but everyone should have access to by the Congress. Some things I need Con- it. And we all know the problems: Too many gress to do; other things we can do without. people don’t have health insurance, and Take a look at Government regulation. Day health care costs are going right through by day, rule by rule, and industry by indus- the roof. And we also know that the answer try, we are winning battles against overregu- doesn’t lie in costly and coercive plans like lation. We’re winning victories for common the scheme to make employers ‘‘play or sense and freedom. pay.’’ And the answer certainly isn’t these Just last Thursday, for example, our ad- nationalized, these socialized medicine ministration announced reforms on nutri- plans. Nationalized health care would be a tion labeling for meat and poultry. Our re- national disaster. forms will keep our food supply every bit as safe, and I have responsibility for that, The way I propose that we help our soci- but we will reduce the burden and expense ety deal with this is based on markets and of regulation on American consumers and choice. Just as in education, vouchers are on our hard-working food producers and a key part of my strategy for giving Ameri- grocers. If Congress sends me any legisla- cans a fairer and more affordable health tion that would overregulate economy, I’m care system. And our answer is to change going to veto it as soon as it reaches my our health care system for the better, not desk. ruin it. And we’re going to keep fighting Now, if we Americans are going to hone for this sensible plan. our skills and really compete in the years Third—and I know you’re going to agree ahead, we’ve got a lot more to do. And I with this one—we need fundamental legal want to have us keep our sights on the next reform to stop the epidemic of lawsuits. You American century. And when I think of all know the litany. You hear it in your com- America in the year 2000, I think of five munities. You hear it in your businesses. strategic concerns mentioned in my address Things are so out of hand that some parents to the Nation last Friday. refuse to coach Little League for fear of First, we must change and renew our liability lawsuits. Some doctors won’t deliver schools. We must become a Nation of stu- babies anymore because of malpractice dents, educating ourselves throughout our suits. Well, just imagine what we could lifetimes in the best system of schools, col- achieve if we spent as much time helping leges, and universities in the entire world. each other as we do suing each other. And this is going to take revolutionary And the costs of litigation and liability on change. Most of our States and hundreds small business are absolutely staggering, of local communities are committed to horrendous. You know, in 1989 there were change. They have joined me already in a 18 million lawsuits filed in America, 18 mil- crusade that we call America 2000, an excit- lion. And that’s why I’ve again asked Con- ing program to revolutionize education. gress to pass my civil justice reform bill Business-as-usual is not going to help us which will help people resolve problems reach our national education goals. We need through means other than the courtroom. to get behind world-class standards, new And it will help put a stop to frivolous law- curriculum frameworks, break-the-mold suits and reduce the drag on our economy schools, voluntary national testing. And a caused by excessive litigation. And I need centerpiece of our plan is the belief that your help. I need your help with the Con-

496 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / Mar. 24 gress to pass this sensible approach. guay round. So let me assure you, we’ll be And fourth, we must reform Government working as hard as possible the next few in line with one of America’s most impor- weeks to make a breakthrough in GATT. tant founding principles: strict limits on the But as we see it, if there’s no fair deal for size and power of Government. With a Fed- agriculture, there simply cannot be a good eral Government that gobbles up a quarter GATT agreement. Agriculture is the key to of GNP, we can’t really say we’re as free getting this worked out. as we should be. One quarter of all we And I’m also working to open up the ex- produce as a Nation, as a people, goes to citing market opportunities in Mexico. With pay for the central Government. Now, that’s nearly 100 million people next door, Mexico just not right. And right now, the system is already one of our best customers. And is not accountable, effective, efficient, or they’ll buy a lot more American goods as even compassionate. And we need Govern- soon as these negotiations are concluded. ment that knows its limits. But more important, we need a Government that works. It is one of our fastest growing markets any- We have got to fix a congressional system where in the world. And the bottom line that’s gone out of control. Congress, as an is: A good agreement with Mexico means institution controlled by one party, the more U.S. jobs. Democrats, for most of the past four dec- Last year, our exports around the world ades, desperately needs reform. And I’m reached record levels. So the more trade going to have more to say, constructively, barriers we can knock down the better. On about reforming Congress in not so many a level playing field, I am absolutely con- days from now, at a later date. But we can vinced that Americans can outproduce, out- start by compelling Congress to be gov- perform anyone, anytime, anywhere. I have erned by the laws that they impose on peo- that kind of confidence in the American ple like you, such as civil rights law, wage worker. and hour laws, fair labor standards. We On each of these challenges, there are must totally eliminate the special interest two roads to take: One is reform; the other PAC’s that give unfair advantage to incum- protects the status quo. You and I are gath- bents in Congress and say yes to the peo- ered on Capitol Hill today because we share ple’s call for term limits on Congress. My a common purpose. We’re here in the term is limited; the President’s term is lim- neighborhood of a Congress that fails to ited. And I believe theirs should be now heed calls for reform, that so far has failed if we want true reform. to pass a simple but effective plan to help Fifth, we must work to expand our mar- create jobs and build confidence. We’re not kets. Of all the legacies that I want to help simply going to complain about the Con- create as your President, few could be more gress; we’re going to try to change it. important than open and fair trade opportu- And there are hundreds of you here, nities for our manufacturers and our service industries and also for our farmers and our hometown business leaders, who are the food industries. Food and agriculture trade backbone of your community. And just after is the critical problem of world trade. The this speech, I understand that all of you European Community spends more than 10 are headed up the Hill to visit your Senators times, 10 times as much as we do on agri- and Representatives. I hope you’ll pass cultural export subsidies. This cannot and along my warmest thanks to those who have must not go on. stood with us and urge all Members of Con- And I made that point in a very vigorous gress to support our long-term economic way to a very receptive Chancellor Kohl of growth package, the five points I mentioned Germany when he visited Camp David last here today. It is just that important. weekend. His leadership will be vital if we This will be, for me, my final campaign. are to break the deadlock in GATT and con- And I plan to fight as never before. I have cluding the Uruguay round successfully. had the privilege of being your President at And I know from my talks that he wants the great turning point when freedom pre- to see a successful conclusion to the Uru- vailed over imperial communism, when the

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Berlin Wall came down, when Iraq’s aggres- Note: The President spoke at 11:04 a.m. at sion was defeated, ancient enemies talking the Hyatt Regency Hotel. In his remarks, peace in the Middle East, when democracy he referred to Boyd L. George, chairman really got on the move in this, our own of the board of governors, and John R. hemisphere. We are helping solidify a leg- Block, president, National American Whole- acy of peace. But I cannot rest and you can- sale Grocers Association; William C. Eacho not rest until we help this country win an- III, chairman of the board of directors, other legacy: productive jobs for our citi- International Foodservice Distributors Asso- zens, with strong families secure in a more ciation; Richard Niemann, vice chairman of peaceful world. Working together, we the board of directors, Food Marketing In- changed the world. And now we can change stitute; and T.C. Godwin, Jr., chairman of America. the board, National Association of Conven- Thank you all very, very much. And may ience Stores. God bless you in your important work.

Message to the Congress on Environmental Goals March 24, 1992

To the Congress of the United States: the environment. Likewise, regulatory ap- In 1991 two events set the stage for a proaches that emphasize economic effi- new era in history: the West won the Cold ciency can help lower the costs of securing War and the United States led a U.N. coali- greater environmental quality. The following tion to roll back aggression in the Middle examples are illustrative: East. Both watershed events demonstrated Investments in Technology: My Adminis- the power of sustained international co- tration has invested aggressively in key areas operation in pursuit of just and moral of research and development that will boost causes. They underscored the need for U.S. productivity and economic performance. leadership in a complex, interdependent Several technologies heralded primarily for world. their benefit to economic growth and com- Historic changes are also occurring in the petitiveness, such as advanced materials, relationship between humanity and the en- high performance computing, electric bat- vironment. We increasingly recognize that teries, and biotechnology, also have valuable environmental improvement promotes environmental applications. Increasing in- peace and prosperity, while environmental vestments in basic environmental research degradation can cause political conflict and will enable policymakers to devise more in- economic stagnation. We see that environ- formed, effective, and efficient policies. mental protection requires international commitment and strategic American leader- International Trade: In negotiations on ship in yet another just and moral cause. the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT), the United States calls on Merging Economic and Environmental other nations to reduce farm subsidies, Goals which harm competitive farm exports and As I often have stated, we can have both contribute to environmental degradation. In economic growth and a cleaner, safer envi- parallel with negotiations toward a North ronment. Indeed, the two can be mutually American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA), supportive. Sound policies provide both. the United States and Mexico are expanding My environmental strategy seeks to merge environmental cooperation. A free trade economic and environmental goals. For ex- agreement would lead to stronger growth ample, boosting two engines of economic in both countries and provide increased fi- growth—technological change and inter- nancial resources for environmental protec- national trade—can also provide benefits for tion.

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Economically Efficient Regulations: Our States, I hope to sign by June 1992 a global Clean Air Act initiatives spur utility energy framework convention that will commit as efficiency through innovative tradable sulfur many nations as possible to the timely de- emission allowances and an overall cap on velopment of comprehensive national cli- emissions. Restraining electricity demand mate action plans. Such plans would commit cuts emissions of carbon dioxide and acid nations to a process of continuous improve- rain precursors, lowers energy bills for ment, addressing sources and reservoirs of homeowners and businesses, and limits the all greenhouse gases as well as adaptation need for new powerplant construction. measures. Parties to the convention would The Global Environment and Development compare their action programs on a regular Robust economic growth is needed to basis and revise them as necessary. meet the needs and aspirations of the By producing specific, comprehensive en- world’s peoples. At the same time, the na- vironmental commitments that fit each nations of the world must ensure that eco- tion’s particular circumstances, this ap- nomic development does not place unten- proach is preferable on environmental and able burdens on the Earth’s environment. economic grounds to the carbon-dioxide- My Administration has been working with only proposals that others have espoused. business leaders, environmentalists, sci- The United States will continue to restrain entists, and the governments of other coun- or reduce its net carbon dioxide emissions tries to develop more effective, efficient, by improving energy efficiency, developing and comprehensive approaches to global cleaner energy sources, and planting billions economic and environmental issues. Prep- of trees in this decade. But an exclusive arations for the United Nations Conference focus on targets and timetables for carbon on Environment and Development dioxide emissions is inadequate to address (UNCED or Earth Summit), which con- the complex dynamics of climate change. venes this June in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, Forests and Biodiversity: The nations of have accelerated this process. My priorities for this historic conference the world need to do a better job of study- are as follows: ing and conserving the diversity of life on • Sign a satisfactory global framework Earth. Nations also need to work together convention on climate change; to improve the management and protection • Agree on initial steps leading to a glob- of all the world’s forests. For these reasons, al framework convention on the con- I am renewing my call for a global frame- servation and management of all the work convention on the management and world’s forests; conservation of forests and restating the • Improve U.N. environmental and de- U.S. hope that UNCED will be the occa- velopmental agencies as well as the sion for making progress toward such a con- Global Environment Facility (GEF), vention. I am also hopeful that a convention which provides financial assistance to on the conservation of biodiversity may be developing nations in meeting the costs signed at UNCED. of gaining global environmental bene- Institutional Reform and Funding: Mem- fits; ber nations need to coordinate U.N. struc- • Launch an action program to conserve tures and make them more efficient and biodiversity and, if possible, sign a sat- effective in meeting UNCED goals. A relat- isfactory global framework convention ed priority is to continue development of on biodiversity; • the World Bank’s Global Environment Fa- Agree on a strategy and expand efforts cility (GEF). The GEF should become the to improve the condition of oceans and principal vehicle for assisting developing na- seas; and tions with the incremental costs of gaining • Adopt a strategy and initiatives to pro- global environmental benefits under new mote technology cooperation in a free market context. international agreements. Climate Change: On behalf of the United Oceans: Coastal and estuarine areas in-

499 Mar. 24 / Administration of George Bush, 1992 clude some of the most diverse and produc- • Enact balanced national energy legislative ecosystems on Earth. Increasing popu- tion, providing equal measures of new lation and development are stressing these conservation and production; areas, particularly in nations that lack effec- • As requested in my budget, provide in- tive programs to protect and manage marine creased funds to a number of key envi- resources. The United States urges ronmental and natural resources pro- UNCED parties to adopt a set of principles grams; and and an action plan to address such issues • Establish a U.S. Department of the as the status of living marine resources, Environment. coastal zone management, ocean monitor- National Energy Legislation: In the year ing, and land-based sources of marine pollu- that has passed since I proposed a National tion. Energy Strategy (NES) providing equal Technology: The UNCED participants measures of new energy conservation and should adopt a strategy and initiatives to production, the Administration has moved promote market-based environmental tech- to implement more than 90 NES initiatives nology cooperation with developing nations. that do not require legislative action. The In some cases, the transfer of environmentally preferable technologies results Congress has followed through by increas- from official foreign assistance. However, in ing funding for an array of research and the vast majority of cases it occurs as the development initiatives. Now, in addition to result of private sector activities such as di- these measures, the Congress needs to com- rect foreign investment, joint ventures, li- plete action on comprehensive national en- censing, exports, and professional training. ergy legislation. Thus the role of governments and inter- Environmental and Natural Resources national institutions should be to foster the Budget: Within the context of initiatives to market conditions that accelerate private tighten Federal budget discipline, my pro- sector activity in the growing global market posed budget for fiscal 1993 reflects my for environmental goods and services. continuing belief that we should increase national investments in key environmental and natural resources programs. Among my priorities are the following: The Domestic Environment • $1.85 billion (a 17-percent increase In the midst of increased attention to over fiscal 1992) for the America the global environmental issues, the United Beautiful program, including acquisi- States in the last 3 years has enacted and tion of key park, forest, refuge, and begun to implement sweeping environ- other public lands; my program to en- mental reforms. We will continue to take courage public participation in the action predicated on sound science and effi- planting of one billion trees per year; cient solutions. State and local governments, a partnership with the States to create businesses, community groups, and individ- state parks and recreation facilities; and ual citizens must also play a part. projects to improve environmental in- A number of items on the environmental agenda, including reauthorization of the frastructure and recreational opportunities on the public lands; Clean Water Act, the Resource Conserva- • tion and Recovery Act, and the Endangered A record $5.5 billion (a 26-percent in- Species Act, require a thorough, judicious crease over fiscal 1992) for the cleanup review with an eye toward the long term. of Department of Energy facilities in- Wherever possible, such legislation should volved in nuclear weapons manufac- encourage economically sensible, market- ture; • based mechanisms. Quick-fix actions will $201 million (almost double the fiscal not be in the best interest of the environ- 1992 level) for U.S.-Mexico border re- ment or of our economy. gion cleanup, consistent with the Envi- The Congress should make a significant ronmental Action Plan I presented to contribution to economic growth and the the Congress last year in support of environment by taking the following steps the proposed North American Free during this session: Trade Agreement;

500 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / Mar. 24

• Almost $1 billion for energy research and organizations to work with each other and development, including over $350 and with government to deliver conservation million for conservation research and benefits that go far beyond what govern- development (more than double the ment acting alone could provide. fiscal 1989 level) and $162.4 million (a In July 1991 I named leaders of business, 47-percent increase over fiscal 1992) environmental, recreational, educational, for transportation programs such as de- and philanthropic organizations to serve as velopment of electric automotive bat- members of the President’s Commission on teries and the purchase of 5,000 alter- Environmental Quality (PCEQ). I have native-fuel vehicles; challenged this Commission to develop and • $812 million (a 35-percent increase implement an action agenda to improve the over fiscal 1992) for wetlands research, environment through voluntary private sec- acquisition, restoration, and enhance- tor activities that meet the test of economic ment, achieving a 175-percent increase efficiency. over fiscal 1989 levels; I also established a Presidential medal for • For the second year in a row, $340 environment and conservation achievement million for accelerated construction of and had the honor of presenting medals to sewage treatment facilities in six coastal an outstanding group of Americans last Oc- cities that currently have inadequate tober. This program rewards private initia- treatment facilities; tive in service to the environment in a man- • $7 million (a 46-percent increase over ner equivalent to long-standing Presidential fiscal 1992) for the designation and recognition of excellence in the arts, hu- management of National Marine Sanc- manities, sciences, and world affairs. tuaries; We have encouraged additional private • $229 million (a 22-percent increase sector initiatives through such ground- over fiscal 1992) for implementation of breaking efforts as the ‘‘Green Lights’’ en- the 1990 Clean Air Act; ergy efficiency project, the ‘‘33–50’’ toxic • $1.75 billion (an 8-percent increase emission reduction program, the U.S. Ad- over fiscal 1992) for cleanup of Super- vanced Battery Consortium to support defund toxic waste sites; and velopment of electric vehicles, and land • $1.37 billion (a 24-percent increase management partnerships between con- over fiscal 1992) for further expansion servation groups and the Departments of of the world’s largest global climate Defense, Agriculture, and the Interior. change research program. U.S. Department of the Environment: Freedom’s Full Meaning Considering the scope and importance of As more people around the world join responsibilities conferred upon the Environ- the democratic family and reach for their mental Protection Agency (EPA), I an- God-given rights and aspirations, we Ameri- nounced my support in 1990 for legislative cans who have led the way for over 200 efforts to elevate EPA to Cabinet status. years will continue to bear a responsibility The Congressional leadership has re- to give freedom its full meaning, including sponded with controversial, extraneous freedom from want and freedom from an amendments and parliamentary delays. This unsafe environment. legislation should not be held hostage any The Cold War was a stark test of the longer. Once again, I call on the Congress global community’s faith in these ideals. We to elevate EPA to Cabinet status and make passed that test. it the U.S. Department of the Environment. The deadlock in negotiations for improved international trade rules is another A National Commitment challenge to the principles that have drawn There is a growing commitment from all the world closer together in the last half segments of society to improve the environ- century. We must not fail that test. ment. A key element of my environmental These struggles for national security and strategy is encouraging private companies economic growth are now joined by envi-

501 Mar. 24 / Administration of George Bush, 1992 ronmental concerns such as deforestation greater peace and prosperity for generations and potential climate change, which also to come. We must not fail that test. have profound long-term implications. The GEORGE BUSH year ahead will test our ability to redefine the relationship between humanity and the The White House, environment—and in so doing, to secure a March 24, 1992.

Statement by Press Secretary Fitzwater on the Open Skies Treaty March 24, 1992

Today the United States, along with Can- of Europe and the former Soviet Union. Its ada and 22 European nations, signed the arrangements for observation flights using Treaty on Open Skies in Helsinki, Finland. photographic, radar, and infrared sensors In May of 1989, at a time when the im- and its provisions for sharing among partici- mense changes seen in Europe over the pants the information gathered are innova- past 3 years were just beginning, President tive means to help promote openness and Bush proposed that the nations of the North stability in Europe in these uncertain times. Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) and Open Skies could also serve as a basis for the former Warsaw Pact agree to open their similar arrangements in other regions of the territories to frequent overflights by obser- world where there is a need to build con- vation aircraft from the other side. The fidence. United States believes that the greater transparency in military activities brought The treaty establishes an Open Skies about by such an agreement will help re- Consultative Commission. In early April it duce the chances of military confrontation will convene in Vienna, Austria, to complete and build confidence in the peaceful inten- work on outstanding technical and cost tions of the participating States. issues regarding treaty implementation. The The Open Skies Treaty is the most wide- treaty will be submitted to the United States ranging international confidence-building Senate for its advice and consent to ratifica- regime ever developed, covering the entire tion once this work is finished to the satis- territory of North America and nearly all faction of all participants.

Statement by Press Secretary Fitzwater on Diplomatic Relations With the Republic of Georgia March 24, 1992

The President has decided that the between the leader of the Georgian State United States will take immediate steps to Council, Eduard Shevardnadze, and Sec- establish diplomatic relations with Georgia. retary of State James Baker on the political, The United States had recognized Georgian economic, and security principles of most independence on December 25, 1991. In importance to the United States, the Presi- recent weeks, the new Georgian Govern- dent believes that U.S. interests will be best ment has taken steps to restore civilian rule, served by having diplomatic ties with the begin a dialog on national reconciliation, Georgian Government. The depth, extent, and committed itself to holding parliamen- and richness of U.S. relations with Georgia tary elections this year. On the basis of will depend on the Georgian Government’s these actions and following communications commitment to these principles.

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With this action, the United States now the United States will support Georgia’s has diplomatic relations with all 12 of the membership in relevant international orga- new States of the former Soviet Union. nizations, including the International Mone- The United States will open an Embassy tary Fund and World Bank. in Tbilisi as soon as possible. In addition,

Statement on the Connecticut Presidential Primary Victory March 24, 1992

I want to thank the voters of Connecticut a tough call, especially in a State where the who made it clear today: The answer is less economy is hurting. In spite of this, we won Government spending, not more taxes. As an impressive victory today from people I announced on March 20, the line-item who understand that being President of the spending cuts I am sending to Congress will United States sometimes means making dif- eliminate some unneeded weapons systems ficult decisions. made in Connecticut. Cutting spending is

Remarks and an Exchange With Reporters Prior to a Meeting With Republican Congressional Leaders March 25, 1992

The President. Let me just say I want to only power I have to stand up against the thank you all, Republican Members of the excessive spending is the veto. And you all House and the Senate, for coming in here; should know, I’ve told some, told the lead- and first, to thank you all for your help last ership personally that that certainly would week in trying to stop the tax increase bill. be—and my intention would be to veto that And it was a heroic effort, but we were kind of removal of the lid on spending. So outnumbered. They passed the bill, only we’re going to keep doing it. I appreciate narrowly, and I vetoed it. And thanks to the support for the rescission approach. And you all, we have the votes now to sustain we are going to make a change in attitude. that veto. And I just would urge that we This isn’t just kind of a posturing for poli- go the extra mile to have a strong show tics. I think the American people want to of support against this tax-and-spend legisla- see significant change in the spending pat- tion. terns and habits. You all have been magnifi- So the other point I want to mention is cent in your leadership, and I just would there is an effort, as we all know, to knock urge you now as we go down to the crunch down the firewalls, in other words, to re- period here to do all you can to sustain move the spending caps. And I am con- this veto and to see that they don’t take vinced the American people think that we those caps off. are spending too much. One safeguard So thank you very much, and we can talk we’ve got, thanks to many people around a little bit more about it as we go along this table, are those caps. We just must keep here. those in place, the one discipline that helps you in your fight against excessive spending Federal Budget there. Q. Mr. President, since you’re talking to So, I want to win that vote for controlling us, I wonder if I could ask you how, sir, spending. If we can’t do that, again, the you can——

503 Mar. 25 / Administration of George Bush, 1992

The President. I was really talking to these ought to vote for over there, but I see noth- guys. ing to be unhappy about. Q. ——how you can boast of your eco- Thank you all very much. nomic plan’s not increasing the deficit when Cooperation With Congress your budget, sir, would result in the largest deficit in history? Q. Mr. President, why have you refused The President. Well, I think I can boast to negotiate with the Democrats at all on of it because if we can get done what we your economic program? want to do, we will begin to really put some The President. Listen, the American peo- checks on this deficit. There are some dif- ple know that from day one I held out my ficult things in my approach. For the first hand in trying to get something done. And time, we’re trying to control the growth, not now the time has come to take the case cut but control the growth of these man- to the American people. The hand is still dated spending programs. And that isn’t out there. But it’s not going to be out there easy, but it’s a very important addition to on the tax-and-spend plan. And that ought the debate. And I’d like to see it done. So to be very, very clear. And if that’s not clear the program speaks for itself. And if we had now, it’ll sure be clear when the debate more people like those around this table, really gets public out there in this election we’d be able to make progress. It’s just that process. It goes on and on and on. clear. But that’s the answer to it, and I don’t think there’s a single American that feels Connecticut Primary I haven’t at least tried with the Congress. Q. Mr. President, are you disappointed These people have tried. And every time by the rather sizable protest vote in your they turn around, they have something native State yesterday? jammed down their throat by majorities that The President. No, I was very glad about simply are also aware of politics and want the size of the win. You know, if I would to put into play things that would not help win a general election by 65 to 20, or what- this economy. We’re trying to help it. We’re ever it was, I would salute that as a magnifi- trying to stimulate it. We’re trying to in- cent victory. And I am very pleased the way crease investment. And we’re not interested it’s going and grateful to many here that in more taxes, and we’re not interested in have been out on the stump helping with ever-increasing levels of Federal spending. it. And that’s the case that’s getting in focus Q. Are you pleased with how the Demo- now. cratic race is shaping up? Thank you all very much. The President. Let them sort out their business. Let them sort their business out. Note: The exchange began at 10:08 a.m. in They don’t need me to tell them who they the Cabinet Room at the White House.

Remarks on Signing the Greek Independence Day Proclamation March 25, 1992

Welcome to the Rose Garden on this for whom we have enormous respect. And beautiful day. We’re so pleased to have you I’m just delighted that he’s here with us all here. Thank you for the welcome for today. And I want to thank our Cabinet Min- His Eminence and me. It’s a pleasure to ister Ed Derwinski, who is so well-known welcome you, many of you, most of you, in Greece, and Ambassador Zacharakis, back to the White House. who is here. And also our congressional First, may I pay my most sincere respects contingent: Mike Bilirakis, over here; George to Archbishop Iakovos, a true spiritual leader Gekas was to be here, but he may

504 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / Mar. 25 have been kept away by work. And of course, forget, lest the struggle be repeated. And Senator Arlen Specter is with us today. I so we celebrate these anniversaries of free- would like to welcome Mr. Angelopoulos dom, and we tell the old stories in order from Athens, who presented me this com- to preserve that which we value so highly. memorative medal in the Oval Office just a This morning I want to commend the minute ago. We are delighted you are here, Greek-American community for the way sir. you’ve preserved your traditions. The This Greek-American—this Greek Inde- Greek-American culture continues to pro- pendence Day—I say Greek-American day vide a model for greatness. I can cite many because Americans of Greek heritage cele- examples, but I want to particularly com- brate it—it’s a wonderful day for the Greek- mend the value that this wonderful commu- American community and for all of us who nity places on family and on tradition. cherish freedom. Greece can never be just Through your commitment to strong fami- another country to the United States. And lies, those great traditions have endured, the U.S. and Greece are the firmest of and your culture has thrived in this new friends, the strongest of allies. And I might land. These values, the ones that we pass take this opportunity to salute Prime Min- along from one generation to the next, are ister Mitsotakis, with whom I have a very the greatest of all legacies. But these are cordial relationship, most cooperative rela- not just a comfortable luxury. They are a tionship. I talked to him just the other day vital part of the social capital that a nation on the phone. must possess if it’s to be great, but more We are committed to maintaining the significantly, if it’s to be good. close cooperation that has developed with Today as we join with you to commemo- his government, and we will continue to rate the 171st anniversary of Greek inde- serve as a catalyst in the U.N. Secretary- pendence, we also celebrate Archbishop General’s effort to negotiate a fair and a Iakovos’ 33d year as Archbishop of the permanent settlement to the Cyprus issue. Americas. As His Eminence was at the fore- In our view, there is one Cyprus, and we front of the march for civil rights, now the are going to continue to heal the division Greek-American family is at the forefront that scars this lovely island. Now, we have in the modeling for today’s generation those consistently made clear our view that the enduring personal and family values that are time has come to settle this question, and the necessary underpinning for continued I am going to continue to give it my per- democracy and freedom. sonal attention. We’re also sensitive to I still remember Archbishop Iakovos’ Greek concerns about the breakup of Yugo- benediction at our convention in 1988, and slavia. And I’ve been in touch again, I men- he prayed in a nonpartisan way, I want to tioned, with my dear friend Prime Minister say. But he prayed that we would, and here Mitsotakis about this highly sensitive issue. was the words, ‘‘Carry, renew, and redefine And as his Government works towards a so- the legacy and mandate to keep this Nation lution to this, it can be assured of our sup- under God in an unending quest for unity, port. justice, moral integrity, and spiritual alert- Neither Greece nor America is a stranger ness and readiness.’’ On this Greek Inde- to the struggle for freedom. And as allies pendence Day, let that be the prayer and in NATO we’ve worked in common cause the challenge to us all. to preserve the peace. Today we remember And now it is my real pleasure to put that our ideals and values have been pre- pen to paper and proclaim Greek Independ- served at high cost, the valor and sacrifice ence Day: A National Day of Celebration of our nations’ finest young men and of Greek and American Democracy. women. Greek heritage is, in so many respects, American heritage. And I’m deeply moved to realize how important it is to interpret for future generations the signifi- Note: The President spoke at 11:18 a.m. in cance of our independence days. We must the Rose Garden at the White House. In his not forget, and we cannot let our children remarks, he referred to Christos Zacharakis,

505 Mar. 25 / Administration of George Bush, 1992

Greek Ambassador to the United States, and The proclamation is listed in Appendix E at Panayiopis Angelopoulos, Greek industrialist. the end of this volume.

Statement on House of Representatives Action To Sustain the Tax Bill Veto March 25, 1992

I am pleased that the House of Rep- package that will spur savings and invest- resentatives has voted to sustain my veto ments in this country and create new jobs. of the Democratic tax increase. This 215– I am hopeful that the many Democrats who 211 vote indicates broad support for my po- gave us majority strength on the veto vote sition in both parties. We don’t need a tax might join us on proposals to speed the eco- increase. We do need an economic growth nomic recovery.

Statements by Press Secretary Fitzwater on the President’s Physical Examination March 26, 1992

The President is in great shape. He com- normal urologic exam; blood tests completed a routine physical examination today pletely normal including cholesterol, at Bethesda Naval Hospital and is in excel- triglyceride, and lipoprotein levels; and der- lent health. The President’s examination matology, no significant problem or change. lasted approximately 4 hours. The physical There is no evidence of any heart disease. was conducted under the direction of Dr. His thyroid function remains completely Burton Lee, the President’s personal physi- normal, on Synthroid .15 milligrams a day. cian. ‘‘The President remains in excellent health,’’ Dr. Lee said. ‘‘He will continue his [Later in the day, Press Secretary Fitzwater normal busy work schedule and physical ac- issued the following additional statement on tivity.’’ the President’s physical examination.] Ophthalmologists continue to test the The President’s physical checkup this President for the raised pressure in his left morning showed no evidence of skin cancer. eye, but his condition remains stable and However, the doctors did ‘‘freeze’’ with liq- there is no evidence of any development uid nitrogen four very minute keratoses on of glaucoma signs or symptoms. No treat- the President’s face. These will appear as ment is indicated at the present time. small dark spots on the President’s face and Among his test results are: chest x-ray, will disappear within a few days. The Presi- normal; x-rays of hips and neck, mild degen- dent has had keratoses removed on previous erative osteoarthritis; electrocardiogram occasions over the years. (EKG), normal; urinalysis, no abnormalities;

506 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / Mar. 26

Remarks to the Coalition for the Restoration of the Black Family and Society March 26, 1992

Welcome, everybody. Please be seated and society. now and relax here. First, let me just say And so let me put it this way: In too how pleased I am—and I know you’ll be, many cases, if our Government had set out to hear from Lamar Alexander—but pleased determined to destroy the family, it couldn’t I am that he’s here. And you talk about have done greater damage than some of something important for our Nation: What what we see today. Too often these pro- he is doing in working for a program that grams, well-intentioned, welfare programs I’ll just touch on today but that I think for example, which were meant to provide about every single day, our program Amer- for temporary support, have undermined re- ica 2000, this chance to revolutionize, lit- sponsibility. They’ve robbed people of con- erally revolutionize American schools to give trol of their lives, destroyed their dignity, these kids a break, make them competitive in some cases—and we’ve tried hard to in the future, it’s just wonderful. So I know change this—encouraged people, man and you’re going to enjoy hearing from this wife, to live apart because they might just former Governor who is now working so get a little bit more to put in their pockets. hard as a Cabinet member to do something We’ve got to do better. I know we’ve got for the kids and also, I might say for the a lot of reverends here, and I know I’m teachers, those of you who teach. And so preaching to the choir—[laughter]—but let he’s here, and you’ll be hearing from him. me just say this: No group is more aware This, for me, is a very wonderful occasion. of the necessity for character-based solu- I’m looking forward to it. It’s not just that tions in communitywide efforts than this co- I passed my physical a few minutes ago with alition. And I want to assure you of our flying colors. But you know, you always commitment to those same guiding prin- wonder about those things, you know, when ciples, the principles that you try to incul- you go out to get all this probing and check- cate into your parishes, into your schools, ing, et cetera. But in any event, I feel into your neighborhoods. No one cares blessed in that sense. more about it than we do. And I just want And let me just—a few serious comments. you to know we are committed. And I want I have tried as President to preserve and to assure you of my confidence in this part- strengthen three significant legacies: world nership, my support for your leadership out peace, productive jobs for all here in this there, as I say, on the front lines of the country, and then strong families. And when battle for our Nation’s families. it comes to family, I think maybe Barbara I have appointed a commission. You said it the best. She said, ‘‘What goes on sometimes hear, ‘‘Oh, there he goes, one at the White House is not nearly as impor- more commission.’’ The mayors came to see tant as what goes on in your house.’’ And me from the League of Cities, large cities what she was saying was emphasizing the like Los Angeles, small cities like a small importance of family, the importance of community out in North Carolina, Plano, parents reading to kids, families staying to- Texas, a wide variety of mayors. And they gether in these troubled times. said, ‘‘The one thing that we think really And I don’t have to remind this group gets to the fundamentals of the deteriora- of committed leaders of the disturbing tion in the cities is the deterioration of the trends that we are bucking. You’re fighting American family.’’ So we put together this them in your neighborhoods, in your Commission to take a hard look at how do churches, and in your communities every you strengthen the family, what legislation single day, with broken hearts. And your do you take away that may be dividing fami- hearts have already been stirred by the lies, what legislation can we encourage to forces that threaten the American family help the families and those that are trying

507 Mar. 26 / Administration of George Bush, 1992 to educate their kids and keep things to- prove it. And I need your help on another gether. And that Commission I look forward issue, an issue that points out the urgent to hearing from. The Chairman of it is Gov- need for economic revival and Government ernor Ashcroft out there in Missouri. Mayor reform. Strauss, Annette Strauss, former Mayor of Last week the Congress tried to put Dallas, is Cochair. And we’ve got a good through a massive tax increase, the kind that Commission who share your views on fam- would have stopped, in my view, stopped ily. I think the Commission will help a lot. our economic recovery that’s starting dead We’ve got to create new incentives for in the tracks. And I told Congress I’d veto excellence. And Lamar will talk to you that bill, and I did it. And yesterday the about that as how it fits into our education program. One incentive: school choice. We House leadership, Democrats, tried to over- have to give all parents, not just the wealthy, ride my veto. You may not have seen much the power to choose. And the schools that on this, but what was meant to be a show aren’t chosen, as Lamar will explain, then of strength simply put a spotlight on dis- improve themselves. There’s a great record array up there. Not only did the Democrats of that. And so we need your help there, fail to muster enough votes to override that the power to choose which schools serve veto, but they failed to sustain the simple the kids the best. And that means public; majority that passed the bill last Friday in it means private; it means religious. And I the first place. And that is almost unheard don’t believe that’s against the Constitution. of. I’m told this is the third time that’s hap- We have shown that when we work to- pened this century, first time since 1972, gether we can get the job done. And I want twice in the last 60 years. So I want to to thank everybody here that helped on the thank those Members of Congress from nomination of Clarence Thomas to the Su- both parties who had the courage of their preme Court. He will be an outstanding convictions to say no to more taxes on the Justice. American family. I know you can’t do it alone, and I can’t That is a beginning. It is not enough. And do it alone. But I want you to know I am if Congress really wants to help get this going to continue to do what I can to bring economy moving now, now that we’ve got- down the walls of intolerance and prejudice in this country. I spoke out about it, will ten this underbrush out of the way, to help continue to speak out about it. I got a great me create jobs and revive hope, then I say joy in standing on the steps of the Mis- pass this incentive plan that I have up there sissippi capitol and saying in front of, what- and to put America back to work. ever it was, 5,000–10,000 people, that there We know we can’t wait for Congress to is no place for anti-Semitism or for racial see the light. And so, beginning today, I’ve bigotry or prejudice in this country. It is asked a couple of Congressmen, Senator not regional. This is a national thing. And McCain of Arizona, Congressman Harris there’s just as much tolerance or intolerance Fawell of Illinois, to formally introduce our in States in the North or South or East request for rescissions. There are 68 Fed- or West. This is a national problem. And eral projects that we don’t need. They are we’ve got to do what we can to make things not related to jobs, and we simply cannot better, to make things a little less ugly. ask the taxpayers, given the needs that you When economic conditions are tough, all are aware of, to pay for things that aren’t then we find people resorting to prejudice. necessary in these troubled times. We find neighbor looking at neighbor sus- So under the rules, what I’ve proposed piciously. And we’ve got to try to change now gives Congress 25 days to act, to up- this. And so I will—I just wanted you all hold the cuts that we want to make, or they to know not only am I aware of the prob- have to then stand up in broad daylight in lem, but I want to do my level-best to be a constructive influence for change. front of you, their constituents, to go One thing that’s vital to the family is a ahead with a vote, up or down, on spending strong economy. And we’re working to im- that we simply don’t need. We

508 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / Mar. 27 may see Congress resort to a lot of political just through Government, not Government gimmickry to get away from having to cast meddling, empty slogans, symbolic gestures, such a vote in the sunlight, but I think we but by strong, clear voices of reason and owe it to the American family and everyone then consistent acts of responsibility. And who works hard and struggles to make ends we are going to be restored not by outsiders meet to hold the line on spending that is coming in with a better idea but by people unnecessary. And we’re going to keep doing who are passionate about, and this is where that. you all fit in, passionate about reclaiming Also this week, the leaders who control your streets, rescuing the kids from the Capitol Hill did something else: They began forces that literally would destroy them. a new effort to remove the spending caps. And we will be restored. We’ve got to see That’s the only protection the taxpayer has, our drug program succeed. We’ve got to the only defense he has against the excesses see Lamar’s program and mine, America of Government spending, these enormous 2000, be a success. And there’s the chal- deficits that add to the mortgage on the lenge. future of my grandchildren and your chil- I thank you for what you’ve done, teach- dren—you’re all younger. [Laughter] So the ers, pastors, neighbors, friends. We are not Democratic leadership wants to kill those about to give up on the United States. And caps so Congress can then go ahead and you know, we’ve got a lot of blessings out spend more. And we simply cannot let that there. Your kids and mine go to sleep at happen. night with a little less fear of nuclear war. What we’re seeing today is the beginning That’s good. That’s a good thing. Now, let’s of a battle between those who want to take what we did to change the world and change things up there and those who want use it working with you all to constructively to stick with the status quo. And I say, let change America. the status quo people be warned: We are Thank you very, very much for what going to be making these changes, taking you’re doing. Good luck. the case to the American people. You see, I am very confident about this Note: The President spoke at 3:11 p.m. in country. I know we’ve been through an Room 450 of the Old Executive Office Build- awful lot. But America will be restored not ing.

Nomination of Karl A. Erb To Be an Associate Director of the Office of Science and Technology Policy March 26, 1992

The President today announced his inten- with the National Science Foundation as tion to nominate Karl A. Erb, of Virginia, Deputy Director of the Physics Division, to be an Associate Director of the Office 1991–present, and Program Director of Nu- of Science and Technology Policy. He clear Physics, 1986–91. would succeed William D. Phillips. Dr. Erb graduated from New York Uni- Currently Dr. Erb serves as Acting Asso- versity (B.A., 1965) and the University of ciate Director of Physical Sciences and En- Michigan (M.S., 1966; Ph.D., 1970). He was gineering in the Office of Science and Tech- born June 30, 1942, in Chicago, IL. Dr. nology Policy, Executive Office of the Presi- Erb is married, has two children, and re- dent. Prior to this he served as Assistant sides in Arlington, VA. Director of Physical Sciences and Engineer- ing in the Office of Science and Technology Policy, 1989–91. In addition, Dr. Erb served

509 Mar. 27 / Administration of George Bush, 1992

Remarks to the Medal-Winning Teams of the National Science Olympiad March 27, 1992

Everybody please be seated, and wel- dinosaurs started eating broccoli, your his- come, welcome. Well, I’m glad our previous tory books will tell you. [Laughter] I don’t meeting didn’t run late, or I’d have had to want to get off of this subject, but did you bring a note from Barbara. [Laughter] But notice the other day they said broccoli is it is so great to see all of you and to be good for your health? I’ve felt it was a medi- here with two of our very, very best: Sec- cine all along. [Laughter] retary Watkins, Secretary of Energy, also So anyway, you’ve worked all year to get has this compelling and overriding interest where you are, competing in 32 individual in things educational; and also Lamar Alex- and team events in subjects like biology and ander, our Secretary of Education, who is chemistry, physics, Earth science, and com- leading from that Department for what we puters. call America 2000, that I’ll touch on in a You know, I might just be able to com- minute. I’d like to greet the two up here pete after all. Last year, at the urging, the also, Mr. Cairns and Mr. Putz, our leaders, insistence of Secretary Alexander, who is a your leaders, and thank them for their vi- very persistent fellow, I started to learn how sion and for all they’re doing. Their success- to work a computer. And it’s taken me a ful State competition has really inspired the while, but a couple of months ago I wrote Olympiad program. And most of all, though, my first program. I called it ‘‘Michelangelo.’’ let me welcome all of you, the very special [Laughter] And I wonder—I’m never quite young men and women here representing sure what ever happened to it. [Laughter] the 10,000 schools and the 1.5 million students who take part in the special Olym- No, but seriously, you know, Lamar piad. Congratulations on your victory in makes the point that nobody is too old to America’s olympics of the mind. learn. And so he said, ‘‘You’ve got to do I know a lot of you are not only looking something.’’ So I know I could learn from back with pride on last year’s victory, but everybody in this room about it, but I’m you’re looking ahead to May 16th at Au- really enjoying it, sending out memos and burn, especially the teams from Grandville trying to master what you all know so much and Jenison Junior Highs. And you should about. You’re more than smart, and you’re be up for awards in the juggling event, too, more than hard-working teams, I’ve heard. because the way you can be in Washington You’re the best ambassadors that this coun- with me today and then home in Michigan try has. You show who we can be and what at your State olympics competition tomor- we can do if we just put our minds and row is pretty good. our great American genius to work. And I I am tremendously impressed by all of am proud to honor you today because your the students and, of course, all the teachers Nation is proud to claim you, proud to rec- and by the incredible scope of activities in ognize your achievement. which you participate. You’re really like de- You’ve shown the kind of excellence that cathlon athletes, good at so many varied will help us meet the ambitious goals that skills like problem solving and test taking, we’ve set for our Nation in this America device building. 2000 education strategy that I mentioned. I’ve looked over some of the things you’ve We know we’ve got to be competitive all had to do to win in the Olympiad, and I’d across the board, but we especially have to never be able to build a musical instrument be competitive in math and science in this out of nonmusical materials or identify the changing world. Our economic health, our age of reptiles. Mesozoic, I’m told is the economic survival depend on how we edu- correct one there for you amateur paleon- cate ourselves to face the challenges out tologists. That’s also around the time that there. We’ve called on our kids to be

510 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / Mar. 27 number one in the world in math and reinvent the American school, community science by the turn of the century. And you by community, neighborhood by neighbor- are visible proof that we can do it. hood, all across the United States. I’m sure you’ve heard the results of the The Science Olympiad program shows us most recent science study of American stu- the way, lights the way. It brings together dents. And those scores simply reinforce the 3,000 volunteers, teachers, parents, business fact that science must be made a priority. people, each one working to strengthen ex- We’re serious about science and math. cellence in his or her own community. Folks We’ve requested over $2 billion in Federal like the neighbors of Pierce School, who spending on math and science education in ran car washes, sold candy, collected con- next year’s budget. If my math is correct, tributions to raise $12,000 so their team and with this crowd out here it had better could go to the nationals. I hear even the be, that’s an increase of 123 percent in the fourth graders in the nearby Exton School last 3 years. raised $10, and when you’re trying to get We also want to bring new technology by on an allowance, $10 is a small fortune. into the classroom so kids can interact with And you’re all here today because of vol- astronauts and explorers and scientists, so unteers like these across this country. And rural schools can have access to state-of- you’re here because you’re not afraid to the-art resources, and so all American kids reach out for excellence. And that’s why I can be exposed to the cutting-edge tech- was determined to come over here to salute nologies and ideas that will shape their fu- you. We think of the scientist who one day ture. will discover the cure for cancer, find the Each one of you has learned for your- formula to guarantee against AIDS, or use selves the true meaning of math and technology to wipe out hunger. And we re- science. Before the numbers and the charts alize that today that man or woman is a and tables, there is the question and the student in a science class somewhere. quest. And we’ve got to harness that same Maybe it’s a kid who will catch a spark from spirit of innovation, that same sense of dis- this program, a spark that will change his covery to reinvent American education, to life, her life, and in the process literally turn our backs on the status quo, break the change the world. The Science Olympiad mold, and build a new generation of Amer- has that kind of power. ican schools. We’ve got to create new incen- So, congratulations on your achievements, tives for excellence like school choice, by on bringing to academic competition the giving parents the power to choose which pride and enthusiasm usually known in schools serve their children best, public, pri- sports contests, and on making learning ex- vate, religious. citing. So good luck in everything you do. And if we’re really serious about excel- And when one of you kids can prove who lence in education, we’ve got to recognize started the Michelangelo virus, just remem- that renaissance begins with revolution. ber: My name is Dana Carvey. [Laughter]. Real excellence demands commitment, not Now, thank you all for coming. just from government but from everyone in every community, as we move this Nation towards achieving those six national education goals. It demands talented men and women giving their time to become tutors, mentors, and classroom assistants. I call them Points of Light. It demands busi- Note: The President spoke at 12:50 p.m. in nesses, churches and synagogues, civic Room 450 of the Old Executive Office Build- groups forming partnerships to support local ing. In his remarks, he referred to John schools, working together towards what we Cairns, science supervisor, Delaware De- call America 2000 communities, places partment of Public Instruction; Gerard J. where education doesn’t just happen in the Putz, science consultant, Macomb Inter- classroom, places where education means mediate School District, Macomb County, lifelong learning. Together, we really will MI; and comedian Dana Carvey.

511 Mar. 27 / Administration of George Bush, 1992

Statement by Press Secretary Fitzwater on Trade With the Former Soviet Union March 27, 1992

The remarkable changes occurring in Hall thrusters which have possible ap- Russia and the other new States of the plications for efficient orbital transfers former Soviet Union offer the United States of satellites, and we have approved a Government and the private sector unique license application for a private U.S. opportunities to expand trade with these firm to proceed towards the purchase countries, especially in high-technology of these devices. areas that have not before been readily • We will authorize a purchase of pluto- available to us. nium-238 from Russia, an isotope of The administration’s policy is to actively plutonium not used in nuclear explo- seek opportunities to acquire goods, serv- sives. This purchase will allow us to ices, and technologies from the new repub- meet NASA schedules for needed lics that benefit our economic and other se- space power supplies economically and curity interests and to encourage private without the need to restart a nuclear business to expand their search for new op- reactor to do so. portunities. We are particularly interested Second, we are also working to remove in access to new technologies that can be remaining barriers to commercial imports of acquired economically. To facilitate this nonmilitary items involving the private sec- process we are moving to eliminate restric- tor. In those few instances where import tions that prevented normal trade during licenses may be required, we will review the cold war. We are therefore announcing such licenses expeditiously. today several steps to promote greater levels Third, I would also note that the United of trade with these countries consistent with our firm support for democratic and market States and our allies have reduced COCOM economic reforms. controls by over two-thirds and will con- First, the administration will promote a tinue to work to ensure that we maintain greater exchange of technology between our only those controls on high-technology trade countries in an area once closed by both that are needed to protect our most vital sides. Specifically: security interests. In that regard, the Amer- • We will authorize the procurement by ican business community should be assured the Department of Defense of the Rus- that export licenses for civilian transactions sian Topaz space power unit that will will be processed expeditiously. give us access to new technology at a These transactions clearly signal our de- significantly lower cost than if we were sire to normalize trade with the new States. to try to develop it ourselves. Additional details are available in a sepa- • We will also authorize the purchase by rate fact sheet. the Department of Defense of four

Nomination of Roman Popadiuk To Be United States Ambassador to Ukraine March 27, 1992

The President today announced his nomi- to be Ambassador to Ukraine. nation of Roman Popadiuk, of New York, In January 1989, the President appointed a career member of the Foreign Service, Mr. Popadiuk to be Deputy Assistant to the

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President and Deputy Press Secretary for Prior to joining the Foreign Service, he was Foreign Affairs, a position he holds to date. an adjunct lecturer in political science at In President Reagan’s administration, Mr. Brooklyn College in New York City. Mr. Popadiuk served as an Assistant Press Sec- Popadiuk was awarded the Meritorious retary from July 1986 until March 1988, Honor Award in 1987 and the Superior when he became Special Assistant to the Honor Award in 1992 by the U.S. Depart- President and Deputy Press Secretary for ment of State. In 1991, Mr. Popadiuk re- Foreign Affairs. In October of that year, the ceived the ‘‘Ukrainian of the Year’’ annual President appointed him a Deputy Assist- achievement award from the Ukrainian In- ant. stitute of America, Inc. Mr. Popadiuk has been a career Foreign Service officer since 1981. He served in Mr. Popadiuk was born in Austria on May Mexico City from 1982 to 1984, where he 30, 1950. He graduated from Hunter Col- did consular and political work and was spe- lege (B.A., 1973) and City University of cial assistant to the Ambassador. From 1984 New York (Ph.D., 1980). He is married to to 1986, he had a tour with the Department the former Judith Ann Fedkiw. They have of State and the National Security Council. four children and reside in Bethesda, MD.

Radio Address to the Nation on Domestic Reforms March 28, 1992

Good morning. Illinois to formally introduce legislation to Many have called the 20th century the endorse the 68 rescissions I announced last American Century. The question before us week to cut nearly $4 billion in waste from today is about the next century, looking just a bloated Federal budget. a few years ahead. Unlike liberal Democrats, given our big Let me tell you a story that will help deficit, I don’t think the Federal Govern- shape that century, a story you probably ment can afford to fund prickly pear re- haven’t heard about. It’s about a battle be- search or study asparagus yield declines. tween those who want to change things and Those who reject these pork barrel projects those who want to protect the status quo. will stand with me and the American tax- And in this battle those who support change payer. Those who support them will have are telling those who want to stand pat: to explain in November why the public in- Lead, follow, or get out of the way. terest has been denied. Wednesday, those words were heard loud If enough Members demand it, Congress and clear. I’m talking about how the Demo- must vote on each of these bills, yes or no, cratic Congress couldn’t muster a two-thirds majority—incredibly, couldn’t even get a up or down. I’m going to work with those majority—to override my veto of the lib- who want the Congress to be accountable erals’ latest tax increase. This story you and fight those who will try to block our haven’t heard about is also unheard of. Only initiatives through parliamentary gimmicks. twice before in the last 60 years has the I know that Government is too big and House failed to muster a simple majority spends too much. And now let’s see where to override a veto. Congress stands. Stay tuned, keep listening. Congressional liberals suffered this defeat We’ll find out who really wants to cut for a simple reason: Americans measure spending and who just wants to keep the progress in people helped, not dollars spent. pork. And that’s why I’m going to continue the In a world more driven by economic com- fight to keep a lid on Federal spending. petition than ever before, the challenge I It’s also why I asked Senator McCain of am referring to is crucial to our future. I Arizona and Congressman Harris Fawell of mean reform of the American Government.

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During the last decade, one institution after And next, help me return our civil justice another has looked within itself, decided on system to its original purpose: dispense jus- improvements, and acted to fix its problems tice with civility. Eighteen million lawsuits and reflect its principles. Our task now is a year are choking us, costing individuals to bring that process of reform to the and businesses billions, a tremendous drag United States Government. All of us know on our morale as well as our economy. Government’s problem: Too often it is not And in the next century, as we look at accountable, not effective, not efficient. It’s the likely economic competition as well as not even compassionate. Only by changing the likely opportunities, they will be beyond it can we protect America’s general interest our borders. That means we must open up against selfish special interests. more foreign markets to sell our goods and My rescissions will help knock out one our services and to sustain and create jobs part of the special interest problem at work for our people. in Congress today, but the changes I want Reform of Government, education, health are even bigger. I want to end the PAC care, our legal system, opening markets contributions which are corrupting our sys- abroad: addressing these issues is fun- tem. I want to place term limits on Con- damental to America’s future. Already gress, and I want to lead the American peo- America has changed the world. Today I’m ple in making changes that will make the asking you to help me change America. If 21st century another American century. Congress won’t change, we’ll have to change One challenge is to make our people edu- the Congress. The battle has been joined, cated, literate, and motivated to keep learn- and it’s your future that we’re fighting for. ing. And that’s why I’m trying to reform Thank you for your support. And may our education system from top to bottom. God bless the United States of America. Our people must have a sense of well- being about their health and that of their children and families. My health care re- Note: This address was recorded at 10:30 form plan will guarantee them access to the a.m. on March 27 in the Oval Office at the finest health care system in the world and White House for broadcast after 9 a.m. on make that care affordable. March 28.

Remarks to State Attorneys General March 30, 1992

Well, may I salute Ken Eikenberry and keep hammering away on the need for en- Jeff Amestoy and all the State attorney gen- terprise zones. This plan joins Federal, erals, and salute also—whoops, there he is State, and local forces to go after and to down there—our own Bill Barr, who I think take back our hardest hit neighborhoods. is doing an outstanding job. And I know They’re crucial missions, and I am deter- he’s working closely with everybody in this mined to see them achieved and let nothing room. stand in the way. Bill has his forces moving out on several The efforts of the Justice Department fronts, from tort reform to relief of prison help shape the kind of legacy that we leave overcrowding. We’ve also started what we for future generations. And our children call the ‘‘Weed and Seed’’ initiative, our must inherit a society that is safe, is sane plan to get the roots, rip them out, of the and just. And I’ve also spoken of other inner-city violence, and then plant seeds of meaningful legacies like jobs and a world hope with more educational opportunity, at peace and certainly strong families. The with more job training, with a new approach American heritage which I describe is one to health care. And then we are going to where children can sit on their porch with-

514 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / Mar. 30 out the fear of getting caught in an ugly efficient. It’s not even compassionate. And crossfire, where decent people don’t have the chronic problems we see today are sad to hide behind locked doors while gangs proof that the old approaches are producing roam the streets, where the message is new failures. clear: When it comes to the law, if you’re So in this election year, it’s understand- going to take liberties, you’re going to lose able, I’m sure, that we hear a lot of talk your own; you’re going to pay. about change. You all have been fighting We cannot pass this legacy onto our chil- for change. I think I have. And yes, the dren tomorrow unless we start going after time has come for change, far-reaching, fun- tough crime legislation today. And for 3 damental reform. That’s the kind of change years running, we have called on the Con- that this country needs in the fighting-crime gress to pass a tough crime bill. We’ve field; not just in fighting crime, incidentally, pushed hard. Many of you have been at and not just in Government but all across our side in trying to get something done. the board. I want a bill that won’t tie the hands of And that’s why I’ve—proposing school the honest cops in trying to get their jobs choice reform—just finished almost an hour done, one that shows less sympathy for the meeting with our Secretary of Education on criminals and certainly more for the victims that one—so that choices about education of crime. And most of all, I want to get can be made from the kitchen table, not a crime bill that I can sign. from the halls of bureaucracy. Where it’s But law and order mean more than just been tried, it has been effective in improv- safe streets and bigger prisons. Reforming ing the schools that are not chosen as well the system also means going after public as those that are. corruption in our cities and our States, the And I’ve proposed a health care reform rot that eats away at our institutions and to improve access for those who need it at our trust. Over the past 3 years, this ad- the most. ministration has moved aggressively to hunt Legal reform, we need your help on. down corruption and stop it dead in its We’ve got good proposals up there on Cap- tracks. itol Hill. Our legal reform is shaped so that For the record, in ’89 and ’90 alone the Americans can start solving their problems Department secured over 2,200 convictions, face to face instead of lawyer to lawyer. I’m 2,200, in public corruption cases. Judges, amazed at the number, the great increase legislators, and law enforcement officials, in lawsuits that is really putting a damper part-time crooks, full-time fakes: Nobody is on so many aspects in our society. immune. And this kind of crime does soci- The kind of change that I’m describing ety real harm because these swindlers aren’t is hard. It has its enemies, and the battle satisfied merely with making crime pay; lines have been drawn: the allies of change they stick the taxpayer with the tab. And versus the defenders of the status quo. So, millions and millions of hard-earned tax dol- I want to make it very clear which side I’m lars are disappearing from public treasuries on; I know which side many of you are on. every single year and showing up in corrup- So, let the cynics say that this is only a tion’s back pocket. And this is money that fight for the next election. We know it’s could be building roads or balancing budg- a battle for the next generation. And I’m ets. I am preaching to the choir on this very glad you all are here. And what we’ll subject because you all are out there on do is go over here, and I’d love to have the cutting edge, on the front line all the suggestions from you as to how we might time, trying to do something about the be doing our job better down here. And problem. of course, I’d be glad to take questions. If But the problem is greater than a few they’re technical, I’ll kick them off to per- individuals who stopped caring. The prob- haps the most able Attorney General a guy lem is a system that has stopped working. could hope to have with him. And the old bureaucratic system of big Gov- Thank you all very much. ernment has ground to a halt. And it’s not accountable; it is not effective; and it is not Note: The President spoke at 10:36 a.m. in

515 Mar. 30 / Administration of George Bush, 1992 the Roosevelt Room at the White House. In and Jeffrey L. Amestoy, attorney general of his remarks, he referred to Kenneth O. Vermont. Eikenberry, attorney general of Washington,

Exchange With Reporters Prior to Discussions With President George Vassiliou of Cyprus March 30, 1992

Cyprus ing on this for 6 months, and we get a lot Q. President Vassiliou, are you going to of people telling us, well, you’ve got to— ask the United States to pressure Mr. I mean, it’s very complicated when you’re Denktash to make some progress? trying to get the whole world to come to- President Vassiliou. Well, I am grateful gether on it. to the President for his support for a solu- [At this point, one group of reporters left tion of the Cyprus problem, and I’m sure the room, and another group came in.] that the fact that he’s meeting here, with him in an election campaign period, is the Cyprus best proof of his interest. And I’m grateful. President Bush. I am interested, and I Q. Mr. President, is Turkey to blame for just hope we can help. Our Ambassador’s the current impasse in the Cyprus talks? been wonderful and tried, a Special Ambas- President Bush. We’re going to have a sador, but now he’s going on to greater pur- good talk about Cyprus. Anytime I see my suits. But we can’t let him get too far away friend, the very able President here, we because he’s very interested in all of that. have good, fruitful discussions. And I’m anx- No, but we’ll talk about it, and I think your ious for him to bring me up to date not visit up there in New York probably is very only as to how things were at home when important. I hope the new Secretary-Gen- he left but how his talks in the United Na- eral is energized. He told me he wants to tions went. As you know, the United States be. has felt that the United Nations has had President Vassiliou. He’s very interested. and will continue to have a key role in all He wants to do it, and he needs your sup- of this. So secondly, I hope the President port. knows that we have tried, with various inter- President Bush. Well, you can—— ested parties, to be helpful. Sometimes you Q. Mr. Denktash said he would like to think you take a step forward, and you end meet you someplace. up sliding back a little bit. President Vassiliou. Meetings are always President Vassiliou. Yes. easy to arrange; what is important is to have President Bush. And I want to see what willingness to solve the problem. we can do to be sure that now, at this critical time, we don’t take a step backwards. Aid to Former Soviet Union But I’m available. The United States is in- Q. Mr. President, sir, are you going to terested in trying to help solve this problem, send your Soviet aid package up to the Hill and I need to hear from President Vassiliou tomorrow? what he thinks now I should be doing as President Bush. Listen, I can’t tell you President. We’re going to stay right involved that right now. But we’ve been working on with him. It is very important. one for a long, long time, as you know. As Q. Mr. President, how much can one ex- I indicated Sunday, we’ll have something to pect in this election year in the United say on that very soon. I can’t say about to- States? morrow, any package going up. President Bush. The election will have no I don’t think people know how long it adverse effect on our efforts, either in terms takes. This is the Soviet—we’ve been work- of my commitment of time, whatever

516 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / Mar. 31 is necessary for me to commit. If that’s what a visit to Turkey, and there was where we it takes, I’ll make such a commitment right thought we might have helped take a step here. forward. But we’ll keep working on it, and Secondly, there is no political division on again I’m interested in hearing what the this. The American people are not off in President has to say about this. 25 different camps like we are on a lot of Q. Mr. President, how do you address the other issues. We want to see if we can be Greek—[inaudible]—on the Macedonian helpful to the solution of this problem. So issue? there’s nothing in the political arena that President Bush. Carefully. [Laughter] would keep an administration at this elec- Thank you all, and welcome. tion time from staying involved and trying to be constructive on a policy question. Note: The exchange began at 4 p.m. in the Q. Mr. President, do you expect that the Oval Office at the White House. Rauf problems possibly could be solved this year? Denktash was the leader of the Turkish President Bush. Listen, I thought it was community in Cyprus, and Ambassador Nel- possible to solve last year, and we tried, son Ledsky was U.S. Special Cyprus Coor- as you remember. I paid a visit to Greece, dinator.

Statement by Deputy Press Secretary Smith on the President’s Meeting With President George Vassiliou of Cyprus March 30, 1992

The President met today with President pute. The President pledged continued U.S. George Vassiliou of Cyprus. The two leaders support for the U.N. process and discussed discussed the current status of the United with President Vassiliou ways in which the Nations-led effort to negotiate a fair and parties might work to generate greater permanent settlement to the Cyprus dis- progress in the talks in the coming months.

Remarks at a Meeting With Health Care Representatives March 31, 1992

One, we want change; everybody knows of this magnitude working for this common we need it. We want more accessibility; ev- end, it gives me great confidence we can eryone knows we need that. Two, we want get something done. That’s the main thing: to retain the quality of health care that has Help those people that need help, and do singled out the United States. And under it in a sensible and sound way. our plan I believe we not only retain the So, we’ll see how we go. quality, but we will be able to provide the access. And you’re right, market—let that work on this. And let’s not turn to a socialized medicine scheme that sounds good and that’s going to cost the taxpayers an arm and a leg. So, we’ll keep on it. But I want to just find out in a little more Note: The President spoke at 11:17 a.m. in detail what more we should be doing here the Roosevelt Room at the White House. In because we are very grateful to HEAL for his remarks, he referred to the Health Care this support. And when you see a coalition Equity Action League (HEAL).

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Message to the Congress Reporting on the National Emergency With Respect to Export Controls March 31, 1992

To the Congress of the United States: sions, contained in the Export Administra- 1. On September 30, 1990, in Executive tion Regulations. In administering these Order No. 12730, I declared a national controls, the Department has acted under emergency under the International Emer- a policy of conforming actions under Execu- gency Economic Powers Act (‘‘IEEPA’’) (50 tive Order No. 12730 to those required U.S.C. 1701, et seq.) to deal with the threat under the Export Administration Act, inso- to the national security and foreign policy far as appropriate. of the United States caused by the lapse 4. Since my last report to the Congress, of the Export Administration Act of 1979, there have been several significant develop- as amended (50 U.S.C. App. 2401, et seq.), ments in the area of export controls: and the system of controls maintained —In light of the ongoing changes occur- under that Act. In that order I continued ring in Eastern Europe and the former So- in effect, to the extent permitted by law, viet Union, the Department of Commerce the provisions of the Export Administration has been working with officials of Bulgaria, Act of 1979, as amended, the Export Ad- Czechoslovakia, Hungary, Poland, and re- ministration Regulations (15 C.F.R. 768, et publics of the former Soviet Union to im- seq. (1991)), and the delegations of author- plement and strengthen their export control ity set forth in Executive Order No. 12002 systems, including pre-license inspections of July 7, 1977, Executive Order No. 12214 and post-shipment verifications. We are also of May 2, 1980, and Executive Order No. engaged in activities with these countries to 12131 of May 4, 1979, as amended by Exec- assist in the prevention of proliferation of utive Order No. 12551 of February 21, 1986. weapons of mass destruction and cor- 2. I issued Executive Order No. 12730 responding technology. These developments pursuant to the authority vested in me as will allow for enhanced and much-needed President by the Constitution and laws of trade in high technology items and other the United States, including IEEPA, the commodities in the region, while helping to National Emergencies Act (‘‘NEA’’) (50 prevent unauthorized shipments or uses of U.S.C. 1601, et seq.), and section 301 of such items. title 3 of the United States Code. At that —In my last report I noted that, following time, I also submitted a report to the Con- negotiations with our Coordinating Commit- gress pursuant to section 204(b) of IEEPA tee (COCOM) partners that produced a (50 U.S.C 1703(b)). Section 204 of IEEPA streamlined Core List of truly strategic requires follow-up reports, with respect to items subject to multilateral national secu- actions or changes, to be submitted every rity controls, the Department of Commerce 6 months. Additionally, section 401(c) of the implemented a new Commerce Control List NEA requires that the President, within 90 (CCL), effective September 1, 1991 (56 days after the end of each 6-month period F.R. 42824, August 29, 1991). During the following a declaration of a national emer- current reporting period, the Department gency, report to the Congress on the total issued a conforming regulation, effective expenditures directly attributable to that January 7, 1992, to bring the CCL into line declaration. This report, covering the 6- with special country- and commodity-based month period from October 1, 1991, to controls. In this action, foreign policy provi- March 31, 1992, is submitted in compliance sions in the Export Administration Regula- with these requirements. tions (EAR) were revised to adjust and ex- 3. Since the issuance of Executive Order pand controls on Iran and Syria. Controls No. 12730, the Department of Commerce affecting countries designated by the Sec- has continued to administer the system of retary of State as supporting international export controls, including antiboycott provi- terrorism were also revised, with Iraq added

518 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / Mar. 31 and Yemen deleted from the list. Addition- • Developments in the Missile Tech- ally, the transfer from the Department of nology Control Regime (MTCR) in- State to the Department of Commerce of clude revision of the MTCR control list licensing jurisdiction over certain civil air- or ‘‘Annex,’’ and the inclusion of mis- craft inertial navigation equipment was im- siles capable of delivering all weapons plemented (57 F.R. 4553, February 6, of mass destruction within the scope 1992). of the MTCR, not just those capable —Our efforts to address the threat to the of delivering nuclear weapons, which national security and foreign policy interests were originally designated as the focus of the United States posed by the spread of the regime. of weapons of mass destruction and missile —In response to commitments made by delivery systems remain ongoing. In this the People’s Republic of China (PRC) to vein, we continue to work with our major adhere to the MTCR nonproliferation trading partners to strengthen export con- guidelines, on February 21, 1992, the De- trols over goods, technology, and other partment of State announced my decision forms of assistance that can contribute to to remove special missile sanctions imposed the spread of nuclear, chemical, and biologi- upon the PRC for the activities of Chinese cal weapons and missile systems: entities involved in missile technology pro- • The United States has been working liferation. As a result, certain sanctions, in- with its partners in the 22-nation Aus- cluding restrictions on the export of high- tralia Group (AG) to harmonize export performance computers, are being removed. controls related to the proliferation of Other controls affecting the PRC, such as chemical and biological weapons those implemented following Tiananmen (CBW). At the December 1991 meet- Square, remain in place. ing, the participants agreed to control —Finally, our enforcement efforts have the export of certain biological orga- continued unabated: nisms and CBW-related equipment. • During this 6-month reporting period, The list considered for possible adop- record civil penalties, totalling in excess tion by the AG in this effort is nearly of $3.5 million, were assessed in export identical to the draft submitted by the control enforcement cases. The compa- United States. nies against which the penalties were • Additionally, the 27-nation Nuclear imposed include the Digital Equip- Suppliers Group, in which the United ment Corporation; Ecosphere Inter- States participates, is expected formally national; Everex Systems, Inc., and its to establish a multilateral regime to subsidiary Everex Systems (Far East); control nuclear-related, dual-use items and Kobe Argentina, the Argentine along the lines of the nuclear referral subsidiary of a U.S. company that was list currently administered by the De- involved in the first case in which both partment of Commerce. export control and antiboycott viola- • In the area of supercomputers, we have tions were alleged. agreed on a supercomputer safeguard • On December 19, 1991, special agents regime with Japan and will be negotiat- from the Department of Commerce’s ing with our European trading partners Bureau of Export Administration ar- to expand this regime. Supercomputer rested a French businessman in New exports involve sensitive national secu- York on charges of diverting two ship- rity and foreign policy interests such ments of aviation oil valued at over $2 as cryptology, strategic defense, and million to Cuba. A German company submarine warfare; the multilateral and two of its executives were also in- safeguard regime is therefore intended dicted in connection with the diversion to establish uniform and effective inter- scheme. In addition, an American com- national policies and procedures to pro- pany and two of its executives were in- tect supercomputers from unauthorized dicted and charged with falsifying end-uses and end-users.

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shipping documents, having knowledge authorities conferred by the declaration of of the diversion, and failing to report a national emergency with respect to export the diversion to authorities. controls were largely centered in the De- • On February 18, 1992, the Department partment of Commerce, Bureau of Export of Commerce charged L.A. Gear, Inc., Administration. Expenditures by the De- an athletic footwear manufacturer, with partment of Commerce are anticipated to 46 violations of the antiboycott provi- be $20,254,000, most of which represents sions of the Export Administration Act wage and salary costs for Federal personnel. and Regulations. The Department al- 6. The unrestricted access of foreign par- leged that, in July 1987 and January ties to U.S. goods, technology, and technical 1990, the company complied with boy- data, and the existence of certain boycott cott requests from a Middle Eastern practices of foreign nations, in light of the customer, resulting in antiboycott viola- expiration of the Export Administration Act tions including knowingly agreeing to of 1979, continue to constitute an unusual and extraordinary threat to the national se- refuse to do business with other per- curity, foreign policy, and economy of the sons in response to a boycott-based re- United States. I shall continue to exercise quirement, furnishing prohibited boy- the powers at my disposal to retain the ex- cott-related information, and failure to port control system, including the report receipt of boycott-related re- antiboycott provisions, and will continue to quests. report periodically to the Congress. 5. The expenses incurred by the Federal Government in the 6-month period from GEORGE BUSH October 1, 1991, to March 31, 1992, that The White House, are directly attributable to the exercise of March 31, 1992.

Message to the Congress Transmitting Occupational Safety and Health Reports March 31, 1992

To the Congress of the United States: Services, and the Occupational Safety and In accordance with section 26 of the Oc- Health Review Commission. cupational Safety and Health Act of 1970 (Public Law 91–596; 29 U.S.C. 675), I GEORGE BUSH transmit herewith the 1989 annual reports on activities of the Department of Labor, The White House, the Department of Health and Human March 31, 1992.

Nomination of Thomas C. Richards To Be Federal Aviation Administrator March 31, 1992

The President today announced his inten- Since retiring from the Air Force in 1990, tion to nominate Thomas C. Richards, of General Richards has served as a corporate Texas, to be Administrator of the Federal consultant in Bryan, TX. In June 1990, Gen- Aviation Administration. He would succeed eral Richards was appointed by President James B. Busey IV. Bush to serve as a member of the Commis-

520 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / Apr. 1 sion on Aviation Safety and Security. Prior Force Base, TX, 1981–1982; and Com- to this, General Richards, a four-star general mandant of Cadets of the U.S. Air Force in the U.S. Air Force, served as Deputy Academy in Colorado Springs, CO, 1978– Commander in Chief for the Headquarters 1981. of the U.S. European Command in West General Richards graduated from Virginia Germany, 1986–1990. He was Commander Polytechnic Institute (B.S., 1956) and of Air University, Maxwell Air Force Base Shippensburg State College (M.A., 1973). in Montgomery, AL; Vice Commander of He served in the U.S. Air Force, 1956– the 8th Air Force, 1984–1985; Commander 1990. General Richards was born February of Keesler Technical Training Center in Bi- 13, 1930, in San Diego, CA. He is married, loxi, MS, 1982–1984; Chairman of the U.S. has three children, and resides in Bryan, Air Force Recruiting Service, Randolph Air TX.

Nomination of Wade F. Horn To Be a Deputy Director of the Office of National Drug Control Policy March 31, 1992

The President today announced his inten- dren’s Hospital National Medical Center; tion to nominate Wade F. Horn, of Mary- vice chairperson for the department of pedi- land, to be Deputy Director for Demand atric psychology at the Children’s Hospital Reduction for the Office of National Drug National Medical Center; and an associate Control Policy. He would succeed Herbert professor of psychiatry and behavioral D. Kleber. sciences and of child health and develop- Dr. Horn is currently Commissioner of ment at the George Washington University the Administration for Children, Youth and School of Medicine. He has also served as Families and Chief of the Children’s Bureau assistant professor of the department of psy- at the Department of Health and Human chology at Michigan State University, 1982– Services in Washington, DC. He has also 1986; and associate director of Michigan served as a member of the National Com- mission on Children. From 1988 to 1989, State University’s psychological clinic and he was a member of the Presidential transi- director of the pediatric psychology spe- tion team in the office of the President- cialty clinic, 1984–1986. elect; and a member of the health care advi- Dr. Horn graduated from the American sory/research group for George Bush for University (B.A., 1975) and Southern Illi- President campaign, 1987–1988. From 1986 nois University (M.A., 1978; Ph.D., 1981). to 1989, he served in various capacities: di- He was born December 3, 1954, in Coral rector of outpatient psychological services Gables, FL. He is married, has two chil- for the department of psychiatry at the Chil- dren, and resides in Gaithersburg, MD.

Message to the Congress on Trade With Hungary and Czechoslovakia March 31, 1992

To the Congress of the United States: Vanik amendment to, and section 409 of, In June 1991 I determined and reported the Trade Act of 1974 (19 U.S.C. 2432 and to the Congress that Hungary continues to 2439). In October 1991 I determined and meet the emigration criteria of the Jackson- reported to the Congress that Czechoslova-

521 Apr. 1 / Administration of George Bush, 1992 kia also meets the emigration criteria con- gration and human rights policy. tained in title IV of the Trade Act of 1974. The Administration is taking steps to exer- These determinations allowed for the concise the authority provided me in section tinuation of most favored nation (MFN) sta- 2 of Public Law 102–182 to terminate the tus for Hungary and Czechoslovakia without application of title IV of the Trade Act of the requirement of an annual waiver. 1974 to Czechoslovakia and Hungary. As required by law, I am submitting an updated formal report to the Congress con- GEORGE BUSH cerning emigration laws and policies of the The White House, Republic of Hungary and the Czech and March 31, 1992. Slovak Federal Republic. You will find that the report indicates continued Hungarian and Czechoslovak compliance with U.S. and Note: This message was released by the Of- international standards in the areas of emi- fice of the Press Secretary on April 1.

The President’s News Conference on Aid to the States of the Former Soviet Union April 1, 1992

The President. I have a statement that is This effort will require new resources a little longer than the normal, but let me from the industrial democracies, but noth- just say that I have just met with the con- ing like the price we would pay if democ- gressional leadership to request their bipar- racy and reform failed in Russia and tisan backing for a new, comprehensive, and Ukraine and Byelarus and Armenia and the integrated program to support the struggle States of Central Asia. It will require the of freedom underway in Russia, Ukraine, commitment of a united America, strength- and the other new States that have replaced ened by a consensus that transcends even the Soviet Union. the heated partisanship of a Presidential The revolution in these States is a defin- election campaign. And today I call upon ing moment in history with profound con- Congress, Republicans and Democrats alike, sequences for America’s own national inter- and the American people to stand behind ests. The stakes are as high for us now as this united effort. any that we have faced in this century. And Our national effort must be part of a our adversary for 45 years, the one nation global effort. I’ve been in contact with that posed a worldwide threat to freedom Chancellor Kohl, Prime Minister Major, and peace, is now seeking to join the com- President Mitterrand, other key allies to dis- munity of democratic nations. A victory for democracy and freedom in the former cuss our plans and to assure them of the U.S.S.R. creates the possibility of a new high priority I place on the success of this world of peace for our children and grand- endeavor. To this end, I would like to an- children. But if this democratic revolution nounce today a plan to support democracy is defeated, it could plunge us into a world in the States of the former Soviet Union. more dangerous in some respects than the This is a complex set of issues which took dark years of the cold war. months to sort out, working within the ad- America must meet this challenge, joining ministration, working with our major allies with those who stood beside us in the battle and with the leaders of the new independ- against imperial communism: Germany, the ent States of the former Soviet Union. A United Kingdom, Japan, France, Canada, number of things had to come together to Italy, and other allies. Together we won the make sure we got it right. cold war, and today we must win the peace. Let me give you a little bit of the history.

522 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / Apr. 1

I asked Secretary Baker to outline our fun- Secondly, the United States will also act damental approach in his December 12th to broaden its own capacity to extend assist- speech at Princeton. I spoke again on the ance to the new States. I’m transmitting to need to embrace Russia and the other new Congress a comprehensive bill, the ‘‘FREE- States of the former Soviet Union in my DOM Support Act,’’ to mobilize the execu- January 22d speech at the Washington con- tive branch, the Congress, and indeed, our ference to coordinate the humanitarian as- private sector around a comprehensive and sistance. On February 1st, Boris Yeltsin and integrated package of support for the new I discussed these issues at Camp David. States. Now, this package will: And that same day, Secretary Brady met Authorize a U.S. quota increase of $12 with Boris Yeltsin’s key economic adviser, billion for the IMF, which is critical to sup- Yegor Gaydar, to discuss how we could supporting Russia and the other new States. port Russian reforms. A week later, Jim The IMF and World Bank will be the pri- Baker followed up during his meeting with mary source of funding for the major finan- Kozyrev, Foreign Minister Kozyrev, and cial assistance needs of the new govern- Boris Yeltsin in Moscow. And just yesterday, ments. The U.S. quota increase for the IMF the IMF reached tentative agreement with was specifically assumed in the budget Russia on its market reform program. After agreement and does not require a budget weeks of intensive consultations in the G– outlay; 7, Chancellor Kohl, currently serving as Support my existing authority to work Chairman of the G–7, has announced today with the G–7 and the IMF to put together G–7 support for an IMF program for Rus- the stabilization program for Russia and sia. support possible subsequent programs for The program that I’m announcing today other States of the former Soviet Union as builds on this progress and includes three they embarked on landmark reforms, in- major components. First, the United States cluding up to $3 billion for stabilization has been working with its Western allies and funds. the international financial institutions on an It would also repeal restrictive cold war unprecedented multilateral program to sup- legislation so that American business can port reform in the newly independent compete on an even footing in these new States. The success of this program will de- markets. And I’m determined that American pend upon their commitment to reform and business be given the chance to invest and their willingness to work with the inter- trade with the new States. And to that end, national community. I’ve also directed that the United States ne- Russia is exhibiting that commitment. gotiate trade and bilateral investment and And I’m announcing today that the U.S. is tax treaties with these countries just as soon prepared to join in a substantial multilateral as possible. Significant new trade relation- financial assistance package in support of ships can create jobs right here in this coun- Russia’s reforms. We’re working to develop, try. with our allies and the IMF, a $6 billion The package will broaden the use of $500 currency stabilization fund to help maintain million appropriated by Congress last year confidence in the Russian ruble. The U.S. to encompass not only the safe dismantling will also join in a multilateral effort to mar- and destruction of nuclear weapons but also shal roughly $18 billion in financial support the broader goals of nuclear plant safety, in 1992 to assist Russian efforts to stabilize demilitarization, and defense conversion. and restructure their economy. We’ve been It will also establish a major people-to- working with the Russian Government for people program between the United States 3 months to help it develop an economic and the States of the former Soviet Union reform plan to permit the major industri- to create the type of lasting personal bonds alized countries to provide support. We will among our peoples and Russian understand- work to complete action on this approxi- ing of democratic institutions so critical to mately $24 billion package by the end of long-term peace. This effort will com- April. And I pledge the full cooperation of plement our existing programs to bring hun- the United States in this effort. dreds of businessmen to the United States

523 Apr. 1 / Administration of George Bush, 1992 from the Commonwealth and then send Petrosyan, many other future generations of hundreds of Peace Corps volunteers to the Americans will thank us for having had the new States. foresight and the conviction to stand up for In sending this authorization legislation to democracy and work for peace in this dec- Congress, I call upon the Congress to act ade and into the next century. concurrently to provide the appropriations That’s the end of this statement. I’ll be necessary to make these authorizations a re- glad to take just a handful of questions, and ality. then Jim Baker and Secretary Brady—I Third, in addition to the 3.75 billion al- think Secretary Baker will go into more de- ready extended by the U.S. since January tail on the legislation, and Secretary Brady 1991, I’m announcing today 1.1 billion in and others will be available. I think Ed new Commodity Credit Corporation credit Madigan will talk to you about the agricul- guarantees for the purchase of American ag- tural sect of it. ricultural products. Six hundred million of Terry [Terence Hunt, Associated Press]? that will go for U.S. sales to Russia and Q. Mr. President, you mentioned several an additional 500 million for U.S. sales to figures in your statement. Overall, what’s the Ukraine and other States. the cost of this to taxpayers, and where’s Now, let me close on a personal note. the money going to come from? I think every day about the challenge of The President. Most of it will come from securing a peaceful future for the American the IFI’s, from the international financial people. And I believe very strongly that institutions. About a fifth of the total is as- President Yeltsin’s reform program holds signed to the—about a fifth of it, 20 percent the greatest hope for the future of the Rus- of it, is our share. And there’s not a lot sian people and for the security of the of new money. It’s our feeling and the feel- American people as we define a new rela- ing of the partners that we ought to go use tionship with that great country. President these international financial organizations Yeltsin has taken some very courageous steps for democracy and free markets. And who were set up to do this very job. Now, I am convinced that it is in our own national we have a significant commitment to these interest to support him strongly. organizations. But that’s the fact as to how For more than 45 years, the highest re- this breaks out. sponsibility of nine American Presidents, Q. Was there any kind of figure that you Democrats and Republicans, was to wage could provide? You say there’s not much and win the cold war. It was my privilege new money. What—— to work with Ronald Reagan on these broad The President. I’ll let Jim Baker give you programs and now to lead the American the details on it, but yes, we can. There people in winning the peace by embracing is some new money in it. There’s some new the people so recently freed from tyranny credits in it, you know, agricultural credits. to welcome them into the community of But let him give you the details on what’s democratic nations. going to be in the bill. It’s not a tremendous I know there are those who say we should amount of money. Our commitment is very, pull back, concentrate our energies, our in- very substantial. terests, and our resources on our pressing Yes, Helen [Helen Thomas, United Press domestic problems. And they are very im- International]. portant. But I ask them to think of the con- Q. Mr. President, not in the either-or sequences here at home of peace in the sense, you’ve acknowledged the pressing do- world. We’ve got to act now. And if we mestic problems. What are you going to do turn away, if we do not do what we can to help the American people, the financially to help democracy succeed in the lands of strapped States, the decaying cities? Is there the old Soviet Union, our failure to act will a post-cold-war Marshall plan for America carry a far higher price. And if we face up in view of its problems? And why do we to the challenge, matching the courage of have to have 150,000 troops in Europe President Yeltsin, of Ukrainian President when the enemy has disappeared from the Kravchuk, of Armenian President Ter- screen?

524 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / Apr. 1

The President. We are working on pro- allies, what we have. So this isn’t any John- grams that will help the cities, including try- ny-come-lately thing, and this isn’t driven ing to get through a significant block grant by election year pressures. It’s what’s right that would help, including a crime bill, infor the United States. cluding a brand-new revolutionary approach And I must say, without committing any- to education that, longer run, is terribly sig- body to anything, that the reception from nificant. And yes, it is very important we the joint leadership seemed quite positive, do these things. Brit [Brit Hume, ABC News]. I was very But my point to the American people is pleased, but we’ll let them speak for them- we have a major stake in the success of selves, but most of them saying we should democracy in Russia and in these other be doing this. States. And the cost of risking doing noth- Q. Well, sir, whether you are posturing ing, the cost of doing nothing could be exor- bitant, could far transcend the money that or not, have you not waited a while before we have spent in the past. And I just don’t beginning this sales pitch—— want to risk that. The President. I don’t know that—— In terms of the troops, it is important Q. ——in the knowledge that you were that the United States stay involved in guar- going to have to do something along these anteeing against any unforeseen action. We lines? saw the need to be involved a year ago in The President. I said something about it Desert Storm. And if we had listened to in January. Jim Baker mentioned it in De- the critics that would have suggested that cember. I’ve been talking about it. The we disarm and unilaterally pull back, we question, though, is not a lot of political would be in terrible shape today. And we’re rhetoric; the question is getting something not in terrible shape today. We have a vital done that’s positive. And when you’re deal- stake in European security. Our allies and ing with a whole bunch of allies and you’re ourselves agree that the United States dealing with many new countries, you want should remain there with troops, and we to be sure that you do it in a sensible way. will stay there with troops. And the fact that it’s coming out now is Q. Mr. President, if the risks are so great, because we now have, with great coopera- the stakes so high, why did you wait until tion from the allies, working with them, 3 months into an election year to outline come up with this approach that we think this program and begin the push for it, es- makes sense. And it’s not something that’s pecially when, as you say, there’s little new new. money involved? Q. Sir, the reason there is this skepticism The President. Because—we haven’t wait- is, back when Pat Buchanan was beating ed. If you listen to what I said earlier, we you about the head in New Hampshire, you spelled out our determination to do this in December. We have been working with our weren’t out there in New Hampshire, you allies constructively to bring about agree- weren’t in New Hampshire saying, ‘‘We’ve ment on this international financial institu- got to help Boris Yeltsin. We’ve got to help tion approach. That was hammered out this Kravchuk.’’ You weren’t talking about that weekend by Secretary Brady’s people over- at all. You weren’t preparing American pub- seas. The formulation of the bill has just lic opinion. Today Bill Clinton’s out there been completed. And we’ve just gotten talking about his plan for Russia and the agreement from—this morning I talked to republics. That’s why it looks a little weird. Kravchuk and to Yeltsin, once again, both The President. Well, that I’ve explained of them on this. I might say that they both to you, John [John Cochran, NBC News], sounded quite enthusiastic about it. that there’s a great deal of diplomacy. I re- A lot of work has been going into it. And member when one of the people that used rather than kind of posturing out there, we to sit proudly in this room accused me of wanted to have a sound program that will not being emotional about Germany, about have strong international support. And that trying to get a reunited Germany when the is exactly, thanks to the cooperation of the wall came down. I said—what I was saying

525 Apr. 1 / Administration of George Bush, 1992 to myself: Much less interested in emotion, that that continues, that democracies are much more interested in getting something strengthened, that freedom is on the march positively done; use the power of the Presi- and continues to stay on the march. And dency of the United States to see if you this approach we’re taking is the way to do can’t have that be accomplished in a very what we can to guarantee that. peaceful way. Q. Well, then to flip the question around And we have been doing the diplomacy a little bit, what do you say to those who that is necessary to come forward with a are also going to say that this really isn’t program that I hope will have the support that much, that in fact Germany has already of the American people, that I am proud contributed $45 billion to this effort, and to take to the American people, even that compared to what we could do we though some people are going to be saying, aren’t doing enough, if so much in fact is ‘‘Well, you shouldn’t be doing this in an at stake? election year.’’ You’ve got to be, you know— The President. I will say that I think it along the lines of Helen’s question, people is enough and that it’s what we ought to will be suggesting that. But I’m going to do right now and fight like heck for what fight for this because I believe in it. we believe in here. And I think it is. And Yeah, and then I’m getting out of here. I must say I was very pleased with the re- Q. Our recent poll showed that 55 per- sponse by President Yeltsin, the response cent of the public thinks that foreign aid by President Kravchuk this morning. And should, in fact, be cut, and another 40 per- I would cite that as evidence of their enthu- cent thinks that it shouldn’t be increased siasm for what we’re doing. at all. How are you going to persuade the But I guess you’re right, some people will public that this, in fact, is worthwhile when attack you for doing too much, and some they look around and see roads deteriorat- for not doing enough. I think this is right. ing and schools in trouble and so forth? I believe Congress will give it the proper The President. Simply make the case that support. And I want the American people to do nothing would be irresponsible, that to support it because I know that it is in the United States must continue to lead, the best interest of world peace. And the and that we have an enormous stake, per- failure of world peace has a staggering price sonal stake, for every American in the suc- tag on it that I don’t want to even con- cess of these democracies, and to risk their template. So I’ll continue to work for this. failure by doing nothing is very short-sight- Now, let me turn it over to Jim. ed. And so that’s the case I’m going to make. And I will also be saying we have a lot Note: The President’s 125th news conference of blessings in this country, and one of them began at 11:04 a.m. in the Briefing Room today is peace. Your kids and mine don’t at the White House. Following the Presi- go to sleep at night as worried about nuclear dent’s remarks, the news conference contin- weapons as some of the preceding genera- ued with Secretary of State James A. Baker tions here. And I want to be sure that I III, Secretary of the Treasury Nicholas F. can certify to the American people I’ve Brady, and Secretary of Agriculture Ed- done everything I can as President to see ward A. Madigan.

526 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / Apr. 1

Message to the Senate Transmitting the Nigeria-United States Legal Assistance Treaty April 1, 1992

To the Senate of the United States: cooperation in criminal matters. Mutual as- With a view to receiving the advice and sistance available under the treaty includes: consent of the Senate to ratification, I trans- (1) the taking of testimony or statements mit herewith the Treaty between the Gov- of witnesses; (2) the provision of documents, ernment of the United States of America records, and evidence; (3) the execution of and the Federal Republic of Nigeria on Mu- requests for searches and seizures; (4) the tual Legal Assistance in Criminal Matters, serving of documents; and (5) the provision signed at Washington on September 13, of assistance in proceedings relating to the 1989. I transmit also, for the information forfeiture of the proceeds of crime, restitu- of the Senate, the report of the Department tion to the victims of crime, and the collec- of State with respect to the treaty. tion of fines imposed as a sentence in a The treaty is one of a series of modern criminal prosecution. mutual legal assistance treaties being nego- I recommend that the Senate give early tiated by the United States in order to and favorable consideration to the treaty counter criminal activities more effectively. and give its advice and consent to ratifica- The treaty should be an effective tool to tion. assist in the prosecution of a wide variety of modern criminals, including members of GEORGE BUSH drug cartels, ‘‘white collar criminals,’’ and terrorists. The treaty is self-executing. The White House, The treaty provides for a broad range of April 1, 1992.

Statement on Signing a Resolution Making Continuing Appropriations for the Fiscal Year 1992 April 1, 1992

I have today approved H.J. Res. 456. This Nations peacekeeping activities in Cam- resolution provides funding for economic bodia, El Salvador, Yugoslavia, and other and democratic development assistance to countries. the republics of the former Soviet Union, GEORGE BUSH funding for the remainder of fiscal year 1992 for certain international agencies, and The White House, emergency funding for loans to U.S. small April 1, 1992. businesses that have been adversely affected by natural disasters. The resolution also pro- Note: H.J. Res. 456, approved April 1, was vides $270 million to finance special United assigned Public Law No. 102–266.

527 Apr. 1 / Administration of George Bush, 1992

Statement by Press Secretary Fitzwater on Organizational Changes in the Intelligence Community April 1, 1992

The President has approved major pro- —abolition of the intelligence community gram and organization changes in the intel- staff, establishment of a DCI commu- ligence community. This action results from nity management staff headed by an a comprehensive review of the intelligence Executive Director for Intelligence requirements and a critical assessment of Community Affairs, and measures to intelligence capabilities needed, and not strengthen community management of needed, to meet the new requirements. resources and requirements; Looking to the demands of a changing —improved coordination and manage- world over the next 15 years, the President ment of intelligence collection activities approved a new formulation of policy re- and major disciplines; quirements for intelligence support that —strengthening the National Intelligence adds emphasis in a number of areas and Council and the national intelligence decreases it in others. As a result of these officers; shifts, the President approved significant re- —initiatives to enhance support to the allocations of resources in the FY 1993– military, including establishment of an 1997 national foreign intelligence program. Assistant Deputy Director for Oper- DCI [Director of Central Intelligence] ations/Military Affairs in CIA and an Gates will present these changes to Con- Office of Military Affairs in CIA, and gress in the next few days. In addition, DCI increased resources to enhance intel- Gates will continue to assess intelligence re- ligence community support to military sources with an eye toward greater effi- contingencies. ciencies and additional reallocations. These measures together represent a sig- The President also approved major nificant reconfiguration of the intelligence changes in the structure and management community affecting structure, process, proof the intelligence community including: grams, and management.

Remarks at the Departure Ceremony for Prime Minister Felipe Gonza´lez of Spain April 2, 1992

President Gonza´lez, it’s been an honor to drid conference that brought factions to- meet with you again and a special pleasure gether, parties together that had never sat to celebrate this anniversary of the greatest down and talked in the same room before. mission ever undertaken beneath the royal History will remember that as very far- banner of Spain, Christopher Columbus’ sighted on the part of Spain. voyage of discovery. And so it’s been a good visit. I told the Now, we’ve had a very good conversation Prime Minister coming out here that I just today. I thanked President Gonza´lez for his wish we had had more time because, in my leadership on so many questions, questions view, the relations between Spain and the involving this hemisphere, questions involv- United States have never been better. And ing our quest for a successful trade agree- we turn to him for advice on many issues. ment. We thanked him and the rest of the We turn to him with respect for his leader- Government of Spain and His Majesty for ship on many issues. their foresight in hosting that historic Ma- And so it’s been a very friendly visit, an

528 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / Apr. 2 upbeat visit. And I’ll let him speak for him- I hope you have a pleasant trip back, and self, but I think in terms of the big issues, I hope that our paths cross soon again. the big problems facing the world, that President Gonza´lez and I, Spain and the Note: The President spoke at 1:25 p.m. on United States, see eye to eye on almost the South Lawn at the White House. The every single question. Prime Minister was also President of the And so thank you, sir, for coming. And Government of Spain.

Statement on Antitrust Enforcement Policy April 2, 1992

I am pleased to announce today a unified enforcing the antitrust laws. And where stiff antitrust enforcement policy for mergers international competition already exists, the and acquisitions, by the Department of Jus- new guidelines will make it easier for Amer- tice and the Federal Trade Commission. ican companies to achieve the economic This new enforcement policy is an impor- clout to compete effectively in the global tant part of the administration’s ongoing ef- marketplace. forts to improve the competitiveness of I commend Attorney General Bill Barr American business and to provide jobs for and FTC Chairman Janet Steiger for this our people. A common policy will provide important contribution to American com- the business community with greater cer- petitiveness. tainty about the standards to be applied in

Message to the Senate Transmitting the 1985 Partial Revision of the Radio Regulations April 2, 1992

To the Senate of the United States: (essentially the Western Hemisphere). The With a view to receiving the advice and Broadcasting-Satellite Service is a radio- consent of the Senate to ratification, I trans- communication service in which signals mit herewith the Partial Revision of the transmitted or retransmitted by satellites are Radio Regulations (Geneva, 1979), signed intended for direct reception by the general on behalf of the United States at Geneva public. The Partial Revision is broadly con- on September 15, 1985, and the United sistent with the proposals of and positions States reservation and statements as con- taken by the United States at the First Ses- tained in the Final Protocol. I transmit also, sion of the World Administrative Radio for the information of the Senate, the report Conference on the use of the Geostationary- of the Department of State with respect to Satellite Orbit and the Planning of Space the 1985 Partial Revision. Services Utilizing It (ORB–85). The 1985 Revision constitutes a partial re- At the time of signature, the United vision of the Radio Regulations (Geneva, States submitted a reservation concerning 1979), to which the United States is a party. technical matters included in the Revision; The primary purpose of the revision is to a statement in response to statements by In- incorporate into the Radio Regulations the donesia, Colombia, and Ecuador concerning decisions of the Regional Administrative claims of sovereign rights of segments of the Radio Conference for the Planning of the geostationary-satellite orbit; and a statement Broadcasting-Satellite Service in Region 2 in response to Cuba’s characterization

529 Apr. 2 / Administration of George Bush, 1992 of Radio Marti as ‘‘the use . . . by the Gov- I believe the United States should be- ernment of the United States, of the radio come a party to the Partial Revision, which spectrum as a means of aggression . . .’’ will facilitate the development of a broad- The specific reservation and statements, casting-satellite service in the United States. with reasons, are given in the report of the It is my hope that the Senate will take early Department of State. action on this matter and give its advice The 1985 Partial Revision of the Radio and consent to ratification. Regulations entered into force on October 30, 1986, for governments which, by that GEORGE BUSH date, had notified the Secretary General of the International Telecommunication Union The White House, of their approval thereof. April 2, 1992.

Message to the Senate Transmitting the 1988 Partial Revision of the Radio Regulations April 2, 1992

To the Senate of the United States: States joined 20 countries in submitting a With a view to receiving the advice and statement in response to a statement by Co- consent of the Senate to ratification, I trans- lombia and Ecuador concerning claims of mit herewith the 1988 Partial Revision of sovereign rights over segments of the geo- the Radio Regulations (Geneva, 1979), stationary-satellite orbit. The specific state- signed on behalf of the United States at ment, with reasons, is given in the report Geneva on October 6, 1988, and the United of the Department of State. States statement as contained in the Final The 1988 Partial Revision entered into Protocol. I transmit also, for the information force on March 16, 1990, for governments of the Senate, the report of the Department which, by that date, had notified the Sec- of State with respect to the 1988 Partial retary General of the International Tele- Revision. communication Union of their approval The 1988 Revision constitutes a partial re- thereof. vision of the Radio Regulations, to which I believe the United States should be- the United States is a party. The primary come a party to the 1988 Partial Revision, purpose of this revision is to update the which provides new means and greater flexi- existing Regulations to guarantee for all bility in securing access to the geo- countries equitable access to the geostationary-satellite orbit and the frequency stationary-satellite orbit and the frequency spectrum allocated to space services. It is bands allocated to space services. The re- my hope that the Senate will take early ac- vised Regulations are consistent with the tion on this matter and give its advice and proposals of and positions taken by the consent to ratification. United States at the Second Session of the World Administrative Radio Conference on GEORGE BUSH the Use of the Geostationary-Satellite Orbit and the Planning of the Space Services Uti- The White House, lizing It (ORB–88). April 2, 1992. At the time of signature, the United

530 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / Apr. 2

Nomination of Lauralee M. Peters To Be United States Ambassador to Sierra Leone April 2, 1992

The President today announced his inten- and Assignments Bureau of Personnel, tion to nominate Lauralee M. Peters, of Vir- 1988–89; and Director of the Office of ginia, to be Ambassador to the Republic of Monetary Affairs in the Bureau of Eco- Sierra Leone. She would succeed Johnny nomic and Business Affairs, 1984–86. From Young. 1986 to 1988, Ms. Peters served as Eco- Currently Ms. Peters serves as a member nomic Counselor for the U.S. Embassy in of the Senior Seminar of the Foreign Serv- Islamabad, Pakistan. ice Institute in Washington, DC. Prior to Ms. Peters graduated from the University this, she served at the U.S. Department of of Kansas (B.A., 1964). She was born Janu- State as Deputy Assistant Secretary of State ary 28, 1943, in Monroe, NC. Ms. Peters for Personnel at the Bureau of Personnel, is married, has four children, and resides 1989–91; Personnel Counselor in the Office in McLean, VA. of Foreign Service Career Development

Nomination of Joan M. McEntee To Be an Under Secretary of Commerce April 2, 1992

The President today announced his intention, 1989–91; and Deputy Under Secretary tion to nominate Joan M. McEntee, of New for Trade Development at the International York, to be Under Secretary of Commerce Trade Administration, U.S. Department of for Export Administration. She would suc- Commerce, 1988–89. ceed Dennis Edward Kloske. Ms. McEntee graduated from Marymount Currently Ms. McEntee serves as Acting College (B.A., 1969) and the American Uni- Under Secretary of the Bureau of Export versity (M.A., 1972; J.D., 1981). She was Administration at the U.S. Commerce De- born June 3, 1948, in New York, NY. Ms. partment. Prior to this, she served as Dep- McEntee is married, has one child, and re- uty Under Secretary for Export Administra- sides in Washington, DC.

Nomination of Marvin H. Kosters To Be Commissioner of Labor Statistics April 2, 1992

The President today announced his inten- and director for economic policy studies, tion to nominate Marvin H. Kosters, of Vir- 1987–present; director of the Center for the ginia, to be Commissioner of Labor Statis- Study of Government Regulation, 1976–86; tics at the U.S. Department of Labor, for and a resident scholar, 1974. Prior to this, a term of 4 years. He would succeed Janet he served in the Office of the Assistant to L. Norwood. the President for Economic Affairs at the Dr. Kosters has served at the American White House, 1974–75; and as an Associate Enterprise Institute as a resident scholar Director for Economic Policy at the U.S.

531 Apr. 2 / Administration of George Bush, 1992

Cost of Living Council, 1971–1974. 4, 1933, in Corsica, SD. Dr. Kosters served Dr. Kosters graduated from Calvin Col- in the U.S. Army, 1953–1955. He is mar- lege (B.A., 1960) and the University of Chi- ried, has three children, and resides in Ar- cago (Ph.D., 1966). He was born August lington, VA.

Remarks to the Federalist Society of Philadelphia in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania April 3, 1992

May I start by thanking Ms. Aikens for We stood firm for our principles through her hospitality, and the hospitality of all some very difficult times. We did indeed those to whom so much history is entrusted change the world. Now, as you may have here. And what a superb job they do in heard me say, if we could change the world, preserving this lovely, lovely historic place. we can change America. We’re grateful, grateful to you that you are Henry Luce called the 20th century the permitting us to have this event here today. American Century. In a world more driven May I thank Brian Guthrie, the president by economic competition than ever before, of the Federalist Society of Philadelphia, for we must now meet five great challenges to his introduction, for hosting this. I see Joe ensure that the next century is also the Cicippio. American century. I want to say that Old Congress Hall is First, our children must develop good home to great ideas and great debate. In character, must develop values so they can this very room, pivotal and profound discus- be educated adults, literate, drug-free, moti- sions occurred, setting in motion a grand vated to make learning a lifelong pursuit. experiment in man’s ability to chart his own We must dramatically change our education future. The vision of the Founding Fathers system, literally revolutionize it. Our Amer- may be hard for us to fully comprehend. ica 2000 education initiative means top-to- But if you really think about it, their goals bottom educational reform. were not much different than ours. They wanted their new country to prosper, and Second, our people must have a sense of they knew intuitively that the road to pros- well-being about their physical health. And perity was freedom. They believed in the our health care proposal guarantees access fundamentals, in the inherent strength of to the finest health care system in the world family, faith, and they were determined to and keeps that care affordable for all our preserve them. They wanted the citizens of citizens. our young Nation to live in peace, safe and Next, our civil justice system: it must do secure from threats at home and abroad. what it was designed to do, dispense justice It took a revolution to achieve their vision, for all. Eighteen million lawsuits a year are and it is our duty to preserve it. choking us, costing us billions of dollars, and They say when British General Cornwallis putting a tremendous drag on our civility surrendered to Washington at Yorktown in and our economy. If Congress passes my 1781, his troops marched to the tune ‘‘The ‘‘Access to Justice Act,’’ this, too, can World Turned Upside Down.’’ It was a pro- change. foundly simple recognition that an old world And in the next century, economic com- order was ending and a new one beginning. petition, as well as economic opportunity, Now, more than 200 years later, we are will come from beyond our borders. That’s again in the midst of great change. Democ- why we have aggressive progrowth trade racy and freedom once again have turned policy. It demands more open foreign mar- the world upside down. America once again kets for quality American goods and services championed a great worldwide movement. to sustain and create American jobs.

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Finally, if we’re to change America we omy that I have pending before the Con- must change the way Government works. gress right now. But if we are to reform That’s what I will address today. G.K. education and health care and our legal sys- Chesterton said, ‘‘We cannot discuss reform tem and if we are to reduce redtape and without reference to form.’’ This has been regulation, make our country competitive, amply demonstrated in just the last decade get this horrendous deficit down, we must as one institution after another has been reform the congressional process itself. challenged, forced to take a hard look with- We’ve got to make it responsive to our in itself, make needed improvements, and country’s real needs. act to make the institution live up to its The growth of big Government has di- principles. That is the process called reform. To ensure their competitive edge, busi- minished the role of Congress from policy nesses launch reforms that are geared to making to program making. Promulgating quality. Then, by measuring performance, and protecting more programs sets in mo- they improve performance. Often it’s not tion a perpetual cycle of congressional sup- flashy, the return to old values and stand- port for more unnecessary spending, creat- ards like ‘‘built to last a lifetime,’’ or ‘‘serving bigger and even less responsive buice with a smile.’’ Competition works. The reaucracies. Then, by servicing the needs proof? Today, look around this great coun- of program recipients, congressional staffs try: American products are quantifiably bet- help to ensure Members’ reelection and a ter than just a few years ago. continuation of business as usual. Beyond Reform has improved performance in our that, Congress routinely exempts itself from military. In the face of tighter budgets we’ve the laws that it imposes on the rest of the cut the fat; we’ve gotten leaner and smarter. Nation, laws like the landmark Civil Rights And Desert Storm proved it. The drive for Act of 1964. excellence has influenced almost every Prophetically, the Founding Fathers other institution, from State and local gov- warned us about these dangers. Federalist ernment to trade associations and unions. Paper 57 asserts that—and I’ve just been Yet, the Federal Government is a glaring given this beautiful volume by your presi- holdout. It resists reform and protects a dent—asserts that elected officials ‘‘can failed status quo, even in the face of an unambiguous need for change. I’m not talk- make no law which will not have its full ing here about barber shops or perks or operation on themselves and their friends’’ calligraphers or parking spaces. It’s about and then it goes on, ‘‘as well as on the great the governmental process, its potential to mass of the society.’’ Federalist Paper 52 help or hinder the public good. It is about argued that permanent majorities are dan- big things, important things, major changes gerously undemocratic. James Madison to make Government more responsive. It’s would be appalled to hear that 98 percent about the changes that are sweeping the of the Congressmen who seek reelection rest of the country but are not being made are, in fact, reelected; that one party, the in Washington. Democrats, has controlled the House of The most recent proof that we have a Representatives for 56 out of the last 60 major problem was the inability of Congress years. to rise to the challenge of helping our econ- And that means self-perpetuating staffs. omy. Instead it reverted to form, trying to It means a bureaucracy, an inbred bureauc- raise taxes, increase Government spending. racy, beholden to only one set of leaders. If it cannot address a straightforward short- The bank and the post office scandals that term proposal to stimulate the economy, have outraged the American people are the how can it possibly deal with the more com- results of one-party control: one party’s lack plex issues like the badly needed reforms of supervision, lack of new blood, lack of of education, health care, legal systems. I change. There isn’t the competition to make would still like to see Congress put politics aside and give me an up-and-down vote on these institutions in the Congress more the seven incentives to stimulate this econ- efficient.

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One-party rule is a big part of the prob- watching the entire orchestra.’’ lem but certainly by no means all of it. Now, Senator Rudman knows the biggest We’ve had divided Government before, threat to future job creation is deficit spend- sometimes during periods of great crisis. ing, and the current congressional structure And each time we have worked together is not capable of addressing that threat. He in good faith to meet those challenges. knows that Americans are generous, gener- The larger issue is the systemic problem ous people willing to do what’s necessary of Congress: the sticky web of 284 congres- to make this country better. But there’s a sional committees and subcommittees, the mismatch between their willingness to help almost 40,000 legislative branch employees and their skepticism about the United States and staff, $2.5 billion of taxpayer financing, Congress. They just don’t trust Congress to overlaid with a $117 million in a reelection use their hard-earned tax dollars wisely. war chest for incumbents in these special- Today, Government is a $1.5 trillion en- interest campaign contributions. None of terprise. But people in Washington fre- this promotes reform and change. Rather, quently forget that the taxpayer is the origi- it aggressively protects the status quo. nal investor, customer, shareholder, board Conscientious Members of Congress un- member all rolled into one. And when folks derstand this. And that’s why the Repub- in Government forget that, they issue net- lican leader in the House, Bob Michel, has tlesome regulations. Now, those regulations proposed congressional reform legislation. increase the cost of doing business, but There’s some good ideas there, great ideas worse, they don’t really solve the problems for improving Congress and its procedures, they were designed to solve. like legislative calendar process reform, reduction in the number of congressional The executive branch is involved. As staff, reduction of the number of congres- President, I’m going to keep trying to sional committees. change the regulatory process. But I will There are good people in Congress, many need, because of the legislation, I will need on both sides of the aisle, and two of them help of Congress. are up here with me today. I think of your When Government forgets who is really own Arlen Specter, who came up with us, the boss, the American taxpayer, it becomes and we talked about these reforms. Talk to insulated, and it becomes unresponsive. But him; he enthusiastically supports changing unresponsive Government doesn’t just hap- our congressional system because he be- pen. Congress creates these giant, central- lieves in changing the status quo. Larry ized bureaucracies, then lays down the man- Coughlin, who’s leaving the Congress—no dates, funds the programs. And then it is special ax to grind—had a very good sugges- the Congress that protects them or inves- tion coming up here about changing the tigates them or micromanages them and ul- numbers on the rules committee so the mi- timately perpetuates them. Programs that nority programs would at least have a have outlived their function rarely outlive chance to be voted on from time to time their funding. With a congressional sub- in the United States Congress. committee as godparent, some chairman There’s a lot of ideas, good ones, from there as the godparent, they become step- Democrats and Republicans alike. And then children of one of the committees of the talk to retiring Members, other retiring Congress. Members, many of them dedicated people Some 107 different congressional commit- like Warren Rudman of New Hampshire. tees and subcommittees claim some degree I’m sure you heard what he had to say. of oversight responsibility for the Depart- Talk to him, and you’ll hear this frustration. ment of Defense. Seventy-four compete for And when asked about the prospect of end- jurisdiction over the war on drugs, 74 sepa- less budget deficits, he issued this indict- rate entities. Just this week, after being re- ment of the system: ‘‘The fact is that we ported from one committee in the House, are unable, institutionally, to do what has our energy bill, one to make us more en- to be done. We are literally not watching ergy-efficient, energy-independent, was re- the fiddler fiddle when Rome burns; we are ferred to no less than eight additional

534 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / Apr. 3

House committees. It should be no surprise Second, Congress should reform its oper- that it takes so long to get anything done. ation and procedures. I support the Boren- Another example: When the Secretary of Domenici bill. It’s a reform bill in the Sen- Agriculture and his top staff have to testify ate. And over on the House side, Lee Ham- in 14 hearings in one day, think of the time ilton, a Democrat, and Bill Gradison, a Re- and resources that takes. Think of the thou- publican, have that bill in the House which sands of hours spent by the executive sets up a bipartisan group to evaluate con- branch to fulfill the thousands of congres- gressional operations and make rec- sional demands for testimony and Govern- ommendations. It’s a good beginning. But ment reports. Here’s a man sitting right real reform, like that contained in the here that used to have to deal with this, Michel bill, I think is essential right now. Ken Cribb, and he knows what I’m talking Change is still on the back burner. The about. American people have got to turn up the Democratic Senator David Boren, com- heat. mitted to reform, summed it up by saying, Third, sweeping campaign finance reform. ‘‘No one doubts that the Congress is in Full disclosure of assets, liabilities, and com- trouble as an institution.’’ And that’s why pensation is a key element of real reform. I support, as President, his efforts, Senator Now, let me be subjective a minute. I am Boren’s efforts, to trim the overgrown thick- not required to disclose my income tax re- et of committees and subcommittees which turns. And in a sense, I guess I feel like now paralyzes the Congress. every other American, that it is an invasion Congress has legitimate oversight respon- of my privacy. But for 12 years I have made sibilities. We know that. I respect that. We public in full detail those tax returns. And all know it. And I know that the Federal Government cannot be run like IBM or the I believe that all people aspiring to the of- local convenience store. But we can im- fice I now hold should do exactly that. On prove its performance, and we must. What Congress, perhaps Congress doesn’t need to merely hampered us in the past could well go that far. But they should make their ex- paralyze us in the future. isting disclosure rules much more thorough, Our ability to compete demands that we much more rigorous. The way to solve a make these reforms not just of Congress, lot of the problem is to have the constituent not just of the Congress but of the Federal know as much as possible. So I favor that bureaucracy, the executive branch bureauc- kind of disclosure. Now, beyond that, we racy as well. And it means emphasizing the must totally eliminate the special-interest building blocks of a more responsive Gov- political action committees and then put ernment by relying on what works: Choice, limits on so-called leadership PAC’s. it works; competition works; decentraliza- Now, I’ve proposed ways to increase the tion. But let me be clear, we cannot reform legitimate role of our political parties, re- the executive branch without first reforming duce the influence of the special interests, the Congress. Taken together, the following and decrease the time candidates and in- actions will help make Government work cumbents spend fundraising. And let me say for the people. it straight out: Federal funding, now pend- First, the Congress must govern itself by ing, Federal funding of congressional elec- the laws that it imposes on others—no more tions would only make the problem worse. special treatment—like age, race, sex, and Real campaign finance reform is stalled on disability discrimination laws. Congress Capitol Hill. But the time for action is long should submit to the laws that it imposes past, and we must clean up our election on the executive branch, like the conflict system. of interest laws or the independent counsel The fourth one, spending reform: I have law. And I will propose legislation to end already proposed to freeze domestic discre- such special treatment for Congress next tionary spending and Federal nondefense week. And further, I will veto any future employment next year. And I’ve proposed legislation that extends such special treat- 2-year budgets. And I have proposed, as ment to the Congress. well, to curb the growth of mandatory pro-

535 Apr. 3 / Administration of George Bush, 1992 grams without touching the Social Security to two terms and Representatives limited System. to six terms. As President my terms are lim- Now, if mandatory spending were allowed ited; the same rule should apply to Mem- to grow for inflation and eligible population bers of the Congress. Our first concern only, we could save about $2 trillion over should be the country, not the lifetime po- the next decade. That’s where the big ex- litical career. pense is. The American people should de- Now, this brings me to my final point. mand that Congress pass the same measure Certainly, governing today is far more com- that 43 Governors have, the line-item veto. plex and time-consuming. We have to give And they should demand a balanced budget that; that’s the fact. But not so many years amendment to the Constitution. Obviously, ago, representing the people back home was given the financial problems we’re facing, a part-time Washington job. Somehow budgetary problems, a balanced budget re- Members managed to finish their work and quirement would have to be phased in. But such an amendment is needed now. It will adjourn just before the hot, humid Wash- discipline the executive branch; it will dis- ington, DC, summers. Air conditioning cipline the legislative branch. changed all this. [Laughter] And now, In the absence of those important meas- thanks to modern technology, Congress sits ures, I will continue to use whatever means almost all year round. Many Members of are legally at my disposal, including what the House and Senate are now permanent I called for just a few days ago, use of the Washingtonians. And we do not need a ca- line-item rescission to protect the taxpayer reer Congress. We need a citizen Congress. from the spending excesses of the Congress. To borrow a line from former Senate Ma- And I will continue to vigorously oppose jority Leader Howard Baker, ‘‘They ought any attempt by the Congress to dismantle to be living in America and visiting Wash- the only defense that the taxpayer has ington.’’ I think Senator Baker was right in against congressional overspending. And I’m a serious way. He knew that the overwhelm- talking obviously about the budget caps, the ing majority of State legislatures are able caps that were implemented in the 1990 to do their work each year in sessions lasting act. less than 6 months, some of them very Fifth, regulatory reform: We put a 90- short; some of them are about 3 months day moratorium on new Government regu- every 2 years. lations. We are revising and eliminating reg- With a streamlined committee structure, ulations that impede our ability to compete, a leaner staff, Members’ time organized and we are accelerating regulations that en- around legislation rather than reelection, hance our competitive edge. Now, since I and better discipline on how they spend announced the moratorium on January 28th, money, Congress could return to what the the growth of burdensome regulations has Founders envisioned as a Government truly already been reversed. And as our review continues we will announce further steps to close to the people. And I suggest that in reduce the burden of unnecessary regula- the future, Congress and the administration tions. But it cannot be done alone; I can’t work together to achieve a legislative sched- do it alone. Congress, in passing legislation, ule that allows Members to spend more must be committed to cutting down the reg- continuous time at home so that they can ulatory burden as well. truly stay in touch with the people. Sixth, we must limit congressional terms. Change is sweeping America, just as it We must address the Congress of the fu- is sweeping the world. It’s exciting what’s ture. The cycle of virtually guaranteed re- happening. As in the first days of our new election, particularly in the House of Rep- Nation, we must change an unresponsive resentatives, through the built-in advantages Government. The reforms that I’ve outlined of incumbency have got to be broken. And today can help renew our faith in Govern- our Founding Fathers never considered ment, confidence in Government. We can- elected Government service to be a career. not stop with congressional process. We And I believe Senators should be limited must reform the Federal bureaucracy as

536 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / Apr. 3 well, as I am going to have more to say Thank you all very, very much. And may on that in the near future. But today, our God bless the United States. mission is to begin restoring the principles of our Founding Fathers and guaranteeing for our children a new American century. Note: The President spoke at 10:28 a.m. in The choice is clear. On one side stand Congress Hall at Independence National the defenders of the status quo; on the Historical Park. In his remarks, he referred other, the forces of change. And we must to Martha Aikens, Superintendent of the make the choice worthy of the men who park; former hostage Joseph Cicippio; and met here in this room and began the world’s T. Kenneth Cribb, Jr., former Assistant only permanent revolution. And now that Counselor to the President and former mem- we’ve changed the world—we have—we ber of the Council of the Administrative must make the choice to change America. Conference of the United States.

Message to the Congress Transmitting the FREEDOM Support Act Proposed Legislation April 3, 1992

To the Congress of the United States: the cause of freedom during the Cold War, I am pleased to transmit a legislative pro- now we need to unite together to win the posal entitled the ‘‘Freedom for Russia and peace, a democratic peace built on the solid Emerging Eurasian Democracies and Open foundations of political and economic free- Markets Support Act of 1992’’ (the FREE- dom in Russia and the other independent DOM Support Act of 1992). Also transmit- states. ted is a section-by-section analysis of the This proposal gives me the tools I need proposed legislation. to work with the international community I am sending this proposal to the Con- to help secure the post-Cold War peace. gress now for one urgent reason: With the It provides a flexible framework to cope collapse of the Soviet Union, we face un- with the fast-changing and unpredictable precedented historical opportunity to help events transforming Russia, Ukraine, Arme- freedom flourish in the new, independent nia, and the other states. This proposal will states that have replaced the old Soviet allow us to: Union. The success of democracy and open • Mobilize fully the executive branch, the markets in these states is one of our highest Congress, and the private sector to foreign policy priorities. It can help ensure support democracy and free markets in our security for years to come. And the growth of political and economic freedom Russia and the other independent states of the former Soviet Union; in these states can also provide markets for • our investors and businesses and great op- Address comprehensively the military, portunities for friendship between our peo- political, and economic opportunities ples. created by the collapse of the Soviet While this is an election year, this is an Union, targeting our efforts and sharing issue that transcends any election. I have responsibilities with others in the inter- consulted with the congressional leadership national community; and and have heard the expressions of support • Remove decisively the Cold War legis- from both sides of the aisle for active Amer- lative restrictions that hamstring the ican leadership. I urge all Members of Con- Government in providing assistance gress to set aside partisan and parochial in- and impede American companies and terests. businesses from competing fairly in de- Just as Democrats and Republicans veloping trade and investment with the united together for over 40 years to advance new independent states.

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Passage of this proposal will enable the in the independent states of the former So- United States to maintain its leadership role viet Union. Through organizations such as as we seek to integrate Russia and the other a Eurasia Foundation, we will be able to new independent states into the democratic support a wide range of technical assistance family of nations. Without the tools this pro- efforts. posal provides, our policy of collective en- Fourth, this proposal will allow us to sig- gagement will be constrained, our leader- nificantly expand our technical assistance ship jeopardized. programs that facilitate democratization in This proposal has 10 key elements: the new states, including our expanding rule First, this proposal provides the necessary of law program. It will authorize support flexibility for the United States to extend for programs such as ‘‘America Houses.’’ It emergency humanitarian assistance to Rus- also provides support for expanded military- sia and the other new independent states. Emergency humanitarian assistance will to-military programs with Russia and the help the peoples of the former Soviet Union other new independent states to cultivate to avoid disaster and to reduce the danger a proper role for the military in a demo- of a grave humanitarian emergency next cratic society. winter. In this endeavor, the United States Fifth, this proposal provides a clear ex- will not go it alone but will continue to pression of bipartisan support to continue work closely with the international commu- to extend Commodity Credit Corporation nity, a process we initiated at the Washing- credit guarantees to Russia and the other ton Coordinating Conference in January and new independent states in light of the will continue in the months ahead in regular progress they are making toward free mar- conferences with our allies. By dividing our kets. As they overcome their financial dif- labors and sharing our responsibilities, we ficulties, we should take into account their will maximize the effects of our efforts and commitment to economic freedom in pro- minimize the costs. viding credit guarantees that will help feed Second, this proposal will make it easier their peoples while helping American farm- for us to work with the Russians and others ers. in dealing with issues of nuclear power safe- Sixth, for American business, this pro- ty and demilitarization. This proposal broad- posal expands authority for credit and in- ens the authority for Department of De- vestment guarantee programs such as those fense monies appropriated last fall for weap- conducted by the Overseas Private Invest- ons destruction and humanitarian transpor- ment Corporation (OPIC) and the Export- tation to make these funds, as well as for- Import Bank. It will allow us to waive statu- eign military financing funds, available for tory ceilings on credit guarantee programs nonproliferation efforts, nuclear power safe- of the Export-Import Bank Act and other ty, and demilitarization and defense conversion. agencies that applied to the Soviet Union Third, technical assistance can help the and the restrictions of the Johnson Debt Russians and others to help themselves as Default Act on private lending. In this way, they build free markets. Seventy years of it will expand U.S. exports to and invest- totalitarianism and command economics ment in Russia and the other new inde- prevented the knowledge of free markets pendent states. from taking a firm hold in the lands of Rus- Seventh, this bill will facilitate the devel- sia and Eurasia. By providing know-how, we opment of the private sector in the former can help the peoples and governments of Soviet Union. This bill removes Cold War the new independent states to build their impediments while promoting outside in- own free market systems open to our trade vestment and enhanced trade. It will also and investment. It will also allow agencies allow waiver of restrictions on imports from authorized to conduct activities in Eastern the independent states of the former Soviet Europe under the ‘‘Support for East Euro- Union beyond those applied to other pean Democracy (SEED) Act of 1989’’ to friendly countries. It will support efforts to conduct comparable but separate activities further ease Coordinating Committee

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(COCOM) restrictions on high technology. the other new independent states, facilitat- The bill will also allow the establishment ing both government-to-government rela- of Enterprise Funds and a capital increase tions and opportunities for American busi- for the International Financial Corporation. ness. Through organizations such as the Eighth, this proposal will allow the United Peace Corps and the Citizens Democracy States to work multilaterally with other na- Corps, we will be able to put a large num- tions and the international financial institu- ber of American advisors on the ground in tions toward macroeconomic stabilization. the former Soviet Union. At the end of World War II, the United In sending this authorization legislation to States stood alone in helping the nations the Congress, I also request concurrent ac- of Western Europe recover from the devas- tion to provide the appropriations necessary tation of the war. Now, after the Cold War, to make these authorizations a reality. In we have the institutions in place—the Inter- order to support fully multilateral efforts at national Monetary Fund (IMF) and the macroeconomic stabilization, I urge the World Bank—that can play a leading role Congress to move quickly to fulfill the com- in supporting economic reform in Russia mitment of the United States to the IMF and Eurasia. quota increase. And I urge prompt enact- Therefore, this proposal endorses an in- ment of the appropriations requests for the crease in the IMF quota for the United former Soviet Union contained in the Fiscal States. This will help position the IMF to Years 1992 and 1993 Budget requests pres- support fully a program of macroeconomic ently before the Congress. stabilization. I request the Congress to pass I call upon the Congress to show the both the authorization and appropriations American people that in our democratic sys- necessary for this purpose. tem, both parties can set aside their political Ninth, this proposal endorses a significant differences to meet this historic challenge U.S. contribution to a multilateral currency and to join together to do what is right. stabilization fund. Working with the inter- On this occasion, there should be only national financial institutions and the other one interest that drives us forward: Ameri- members of the G–7, we are putting to- ca’s national interest. gether a stabilization fund that will support economic reform in Russia and the other GEORGE BUSH independent states. Tenth, this proposal provides for an ex- The White House, panded American presence in Russia and April 3, 1992.

Presidential Determination No. 92–20—Memorandum on Trade With Armenia, Belarus, Kyrgyzstan, and Russia April 3, 1992

Memorandum for the Secretary of State Armenia, Belarus, Kyrgyzstan, and Russia Subject: Determination under Section will substantially promote the objectives of 402(c)(2)(A) of the Trade Act of 1974, as section 402. amended—Armenia, Belarus, Kyrgyzstan, You are authorized and directed to pub- and Russia lish this determination in the Federal Reg- ister. Pursuant to section 402(c)(2)(A) of the Trade Act of 1974 (19 U.S.C. GEORGE BUSH 2432(c)(2)(A)), as amended, (the ‘‘Act’’), I determine that a waiver by Executive order of the application of subsections (a) and (b) [Filed with the Office of the Federal Reg- of section 402 of the Act with respect to ister, 2:50 p.m., April 15, 1992]

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Note: The Executive orders of April 6 on Kyrgyzstan, and Russia are listed in Appen- Armenia and April 16 on Belarus, dix E at the end of this volume.

Message to the Congress on Trade With Armenia, Belarus, Kyrgyzstan, and Russia April 3, 1992

To the Congress of the United States: Pursuant to subsection 402(c)(2), I shall Pursuant to subsection 402(c)(2)(A) of the waive by Executive order the application of Trade Act of 1974 (the ‘‘Act’’) (19 U.S.C. subsections (a) and (b) of section 402 of 2432(c)(2)(A)), I have determined that a the Act with respect to Armenia, Belarus, waiver of the application of subsections (a) Kyrgyzstan, and Russia. and (b) of section 402 with respect to Arme- nia, Belarus, Kyrgyzstan, and Russia will GEORGE BUSH substantially promote the objectives of sec- The White House, tion 402. A copy of that determination is April 3, 1992. enclosed. I have also received assurances with respect to the emigration practices of Armenia, Belarus, Kyrgyzstan, and Russia Note: The Executive orders of April 6 on required by subsection 402(c)(2)(B) of the Armenia and April 16 on Belarus, Act. This letter constitutes the report to the Kyrgyzstan, and Russia are listed in Appen- Congress required by subsection 402(c)(2). dix E at the end of this volume.

Statement by Deputy Press Secretary Smith on the President’s Telephone Conversation With President Va´clav Havel of Czechoslovakia April 3, 1992

The President spoke by telephone for 15 of the Russian Government’s landmark eco- minutes this morning with Czechoslovak nomic reform program was vitally important President Va´clav Havel, who had just re- for peace and stability in Europe. Pointing turned from a state visit to Russia. They to the package of economic measures he concurred on the critical need to galvanize announced on April 1, the President assured international support for President Yeltsin President Havel of the firm U.S. resolve to and the Government of the Russian Federa- assist the Russian Government and other re- tion. form-minded States in the former U.S.S.R. Specifically, they agreed that the success

Radio Address to the Nation on Governmental Reform April 4, 1992

American democracy was launched from Our Founding Fathers believed in the fun- great ideas which grew out of great debate. damentals: faith, family, and freedom. And

540 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / Apr. 6 they were determined to build prosperity. $1.5 trillion enterprise, and programs that More than 200 years later, by holding firmly have outlived their function have not out- to our principles, America has changed the lived their funding. We can and we must world. improve Government’s responsiveness. Henry Luce called the 20th century the What merely hampered us in the past will American Century. If we are to ensure that gridlock us in the future. Our ability to the next century is also the American cen- compete demands that Congress enact the tury, we must meet five great challenges: reforms I have proposed. The set of actions education reform, legal reform, health care I have proposed, when taken together, will reform, international competitiveness and help make Government respond to the peo- market expansion, and Governmental re- ple; Government for the people, as our form. founders envisioned. The latest unemployment figures were re- First, Congress should govern itself by the leased Friday. They held steady at 7.3 per- laws it imposes on everyone else. No more cent. But unemployment is still too high. special treatment. Too many Americans are out of work. To Second, Congress should reform its oper- get this economy rolling again, faster and ations and procedures. stronger, Congress should have passed our Third, we must make sweeping campaign economic action plan. But they reverted to finance reforms. form, tried to raise taxes and increase Gov- Fourth, we need to change how Congress ernment spending. We can no longer afford spends the people’s money. this kind of business-as-usual. We need to Fifth, we must revise and eliminate Gov- reform Congress. And that is my focus ernment regulations that impede our ability today. to compete, and we must accelerate regula- G.K. Chesterton said, ‘‘We cannot discuss tions that enhance our competitive edge. reform without reference to form.’’ In the Sixth, we must limit congressional terms. face of overwhelming evidence that change The cycle of virtually guaranteed reelection is necessary, Congress has kept reform on through the built-in advantages of incum- the back burner. It is up to us to turn up bency must be broken. the heat. If we are to improve education, And finally, the Congress of the future health care, our legal system, if we are to should be a citizen Congress, not a career reduce redtape and regulation, if we are to Congress. make our country competitive and get this These reforms, taken together, can renew horrendous deficit down, we must reform our faith in Government, restore the prin- the congressional process itself. ciples of our founders, and help guarantee It is true that one-party rule in Congress for our children a new American century. is a big part of the problem. But the larger The choice is clear: On the one side stand issue is a systemic problem: the 284 con- the defenders of the status quo; on the gressional committees and subcommittees, other, the forces of change. And now that the almost 40,000 legislative branch employ- we’ve changed the world, we must make ees and staff, the $2.5 billion of taxpayer the choice to change America. financing, overlaid with $117 million reelection war chest and special interest campaign Thank you, and may God bless the United contributions for incumbents. Such a system States of America. cannot promote reform and change; instead, it aggressively protects the status quo. Note: This address was recorded at 8:04 I know that the Federal Government can- a.m. on April 3 in the Oval Office at the not be run just like IBM or the local con- White House for broadcast after 9 a.m. on venience store. But Government today is a April 4.

541 Apr. 6 / Administration of George Bush, 1992

Statement on the Death of Stan Scott April 6, 1992

Stan Scott was a close, personal friend. of life of all Americans. In particular, his Barbara and I will miss him greatly. He was lifelong commitment to the United Negro a man who dedicated his life to service of College Fund helped improve education for family, country, and the betterment of his generations of Afro-American men and fellow man. women. Stan was universally admired. He was Those who knew Stan felt a part of his equally at home in the worlds of govern- extended family. To his wife, Bettye, and ment, business, sports, and education. He three children, Stan, Susan, and Kenneth, used his friendships to improve the quality I send my deepest condolences and prayers.

Statement on the Death of Samuel M. Walton April 6, 1992

Barbara and I are deeply saddened by the commitment to family and selfless giving to death of our friend Sam Walton. It was my others is an example to us all. Sam Walton honor and privilege to award Sam with the will be greatly missed, and our prayers and Presidential Medal of Freedom just a month sincere condolences go out to his wife, ago. Sam Walton was an American original Helen, the other members of the Walton who embodied the entrepreneurial spirit family, and the entire Wal-Mart community. and epitomized the American dream. His

Statement by Deputy Press Secretary Smith on the Peruvian Government Crisis April 6, 1992

The President was very disappointed to hemisphere. We will be consulting with learn of the action taken by President other countries in the hemisphere and are Fujimori in suspending the Peruvian Con- currently reviewing our assistance programs stitution and dissolving the Congress and to Peru. We urge a rapid return to constitu- the judiciary. This is a regrettable step back- tional rule. wards for the cause of democracy in the

Appointment of Cecile B. Kremer as Deputy Assistant to the President and Director of the Office of Public Liaison April 6, 1992

The President today announced the ap- the Office of Public Liaison. pointment of Cecile B. Kremer as Deputy Since January 1989, Ms. Kremer has been Assistant to the President and Director of Assistant to the Vice President and Director

542 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / Apr. 7 of the Office of Scheduling. In April of U.S. Department of the Treasury. From 1991, she assumed the additional duties of 1981 until 1985, she was a staff assistant Director of the Office of Public Liaison. to President Reagan, serving as an advance Prior to this, Ms. Kremer was director of representative in the Office of Presidential scheduling and advance for Vice President- Advance. elect Quayle and from August to November Ms. Kremer is a graduate of the Univer- 1988 served as the Bush-Quayle ’88 deputy sity of Maryland. She is married to Gene tour director for Senator Quayle. From Goldenberg, has one son, Joshua, and re- 1985 to 1988, Ms. Kremer served as Deputy sides in Chevy Chase, MD. Assistant Secretary for Public Liaison at the

Appointment of Bobbie Greene Kilberg as Deputy Assistant to the President and Director of the Office of Intergovernmental Affairs April 6, 1992

The President today announced the ap- at Mount Vernon College, 1973–75. Mrs. pointment of Bobbie Greene Kilberg as Kilberg was an associate in the Washington, Deputy Assistant to the President and Di- DC, law firm of Arnold & Porter, 1971– rector of the Office of Intergovernmental 73. Upon graduation from law school in Affairs at the White House. 1969, she was selected as a White House Since January 1989, Mrs. Kilberg has fellow and served on the White House Do- served as Deputy Assistant to the President mestic Council policy staff in that capacity for Public Liaison. In 1988, Mrs. Kilberg from 1969 to 1971. served as special projects coordinator for Mrs. Kilberg received a bachelor of arts the Bush campaign at the Republican Na- degree in political science from Vassar Col- tional Convention. In 1987, she was the Re- publican State senate candidate for the 32d lege (magna cum laude and Phi Beta District of Virginia. From 1982 to 1983, Kappa), a master of arts degree in public Mrs. Kilberg was general counsel and vice affairs and government from Columbia Uni- president of the Roosevelt Center for Amer- versity (university fellow), and a law degree ican Policy Studies. She also served as Asso- from Yale University. She resides in ciate Counsel to President Ford, 1975–77; McLean, VA, with her husband, Bill, and and as vice president for academic affairs their five children.

Remarks at the Presentation Ceremony for the National Teacher of the Year Award April 7, 1992

Thank you, Lamar, and welcome, every- of meeting in the Oval Office, Tom, Diane, body, to the Rose Garden. In addition to and Malcolm Fleming and Diane’s mother, our outstanding Secretary Lamar Alexander, Josephine Rosinski. Why don’t you all just we have with us Gordon Ambach of the stand up so they can officially welcome you. Council of Chief State School Officers; Su- Thank you. perintendent Schiller and Michael Emlaw Well, we’re all here today to salute and from Michigan; the kids here from Jefferson thank the thousands of outstanding men and Junior High and St. Rita’s School; and of women who educate this Nation’s children. course, the folks that I just had the pleasure There’s no calling greater than a

543 Apr. 7 / Administration of George Bush, 1992 teacher’s because there is nothing more pre- he wants something more important, a fu- cious than what they touch: the minds of ture. And in his classroom it will be a future our youth. The Talmud says teachers are forged out of new personal responsibility, our protectors, and that’s true. By teaching enthusiasm, and learning, and yes, hope. our kids what we’ve learned and by teaching Some of his kids have gone on to re- them to dream, teachers protect the treas- spected civic and religious positions. One ures of our past and the promise of our even rebuilt Tom’s original youth club as future. a ministry of his own. And one of his kids, Today I want to share a story about a ‘‘Saturday Night Live’’ comedian A. Whit- Detroit kid brought up by his grandparents, ney Brown, is here with us today. Whitney, Gordon and Carrie Bell Starks. He strug- please stand up, and welcome. And I’m glad gled in school, was labeled a slow learner, you didn’t bring Dana Carvey. [Laughter] and when he dropped out of high school, he couldn’t read or write or spell. He didn’t No, but this guy spoke for many of Tom’s think that mattered, but one day it did. His kids when, more than 20 years after being faith became tremendously important to taught in his classroom, he dedicated his him. And he wanted to read the Bible, but book, ‘‘The Big Picture,’’ to Tom and to he couldn’t, didn’t know how. From that his colleague Anne Klein, who is also here moment, he thought about what it would today. And he called them ‘‘two teachers really mean to take charge of his life. And who made a difference.’’ that moment changed his life. And 5 years Well, I have a feeling this crystal apple later, after he dropped out, he enrolled in over here isn’t as important to Tom as his night school to learn how to read his Bible other rewards: seeing the first spark of light and earn his high school diploma. He went in a kid’s eye or even just having a kid who on to Bible college while working as a min- never before had been able to read ask him ister to kids like himself in northwest De- for a book from the public library. But the troit. And here he found he had the power apple does symbolize the respect with which to touch and to change lives. Tom’s country views him. And the apple He decided to become a teacher and reminds us of Tom’s message: Education is worked with forgotten kids at a State institu- important because every life can be re- tion for juvenile offenders. And there’s an deemed, every life counts. old saying, ‘‘Whoever would be a teacher Whether you’re concerned about the big of men, let him begin by teaching himself issues that shape our world or about the before teaching others, and let him set an values close to home, education is a fun- example before teaching by word.’’ And damental part of the three precious legacies that’s exactly what the young man of this Americans take to heart: strong families, story did. And we’re here today to honor good jobs, a world at peace. Every day on him as the 1992 Teacher of the Year, Thom- the most intense and personal level, Tom as Fleming. He’s a hero, a man of great strength, of Fleming sees the heart of the problems we courage and great heart. And for the last face: the breakdown of families, the loss of 20 years, as lead teacher in the Washtenaw traditional values, the lure of crime and sub- County Juvenile Detention Program, he’s stance abuse, the dead end of unemploy- taught history, government, and also geog- ment, and hopelessness. But he knows that raphy to kids in the 12-to-16 age bracket. good teachers will help us find a solution. But he teaches much, much more. To kids For with every student you teach, you shape who’ve had hope drained out of them by a future and you touch a lifetime. a vicious cycle of abuse, neglect, failure, But teachers cannot exist in isolation. Our drugs, crime, he gives life training. And tremendous respect for them and our utter here’s what he says to them, ‘‘Knowledge conviction that education is the key to our is power. The more you know, the more country’s future led us to develop America you’re worth.’’ In these throwaway kids he 2000, a revolutionary blueprint for edu- installs pride. cational reform. It will lead us to achieve our Tom doesn’t want the moon for his kids; six national education goals, adopted, as you

544 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / Apr. 7 may remember, more than 2 years ago in an century will bring. Tom and the thousands extraordinary nonpartisan Federal-State of men and women like him will help us partnership by the Nation’s Governors and meet those challenges. by this administration. And let me remind Teachers know that real excellence de- you just briefly of these six goals which will mands commitment from everyone in every propel this Nation forward into excellence: community as we work to create commu- By the year 2000 our children will start nities where learning can happen. It de- school ready to learn. America’s students mands that talented men and women give will achieve at least a 90-percent high time to become tutors and mentors. It de- school graduation rate. They will dem- mands that businesses, churches and syna- onstrate competence in five core subjects gogues, and civic groups join together to measured against world-class standards. And support local schools. It demands that every by the year 2000 our children will be the citizen help his community develop a plan first in science and math. Our adults will of action based on America 2000 and help be literate and able to compete in the work the Nation reach these national education force. And sixth, finally, our schools will be goals. Together, we literally will reinvent the safe, disciplined, and drug-free. American school, community by commu- We’ll achieve these goals by advancing nity, neighborhood by neighborhood, all four transforming ideas at the heart of across this country. And at the heart of this America 2000: shining new school will be, as always, the First, flexibility for teachers and prin- teacher. cipals, freedom from the web of Federal Last week at the Oscars, George Lucas, regulations that impose a one-size-fits-all so- filmmaker, might have captured it best lution to our schools; when he thanked the teachers of his child- Second, a generation of new American hood. And he said, ‘‘All of us are teachers, schools. Teachers are critical to this exciting teachers with very loud voices. But we will break-the-mold experiment in what edu- never match the power of the teacher who cation can be; is able to whisper in a student’s ear.’’ Third, world-class standards and voluntary And so, Tom, on behalf of all Americans national exams. Again, teachers are leading who have had the rare and priceless privi- the way in defining standards, creating cur- lege of having a fine teacher whisper in riculum frameworks, developing exams to their ear, congratulations. You teach the one help us raise our sights and measure our lesson that matters the most. There’s no dis- performance; tinction between who you are and what you And fourth and finally, parental choice of do. You’ve woven the values of your life schools, public, private, religious. into your work. And thank you, sir. And Now, our plan is innovative. It is exciting. may God bless you. It is uniting this country. And it will work. And now I have something special for Changing our schools is too important to you. This apple is the traditional symbol of wait or to waste a generation. And that’s teaching, and crystal represents the clarity why education is one of the five urgent re- of vision and commitment that the great form challenges that I’ve been talking teachers possess. And so, on behalf of a about. We know we’ve got to be competitive grateful Nation, an admiring Nation, with in a changing world. We can’t go on sending great pride in you, sir, congratulations. Now, our children into the working world under- may I hand you this apple. educated and ill-equipped and expect the business community to spend billions teaching new workers what they should have learned in school. Status quo schools simply will not carry us into the next century. We set our goals for the year 2000 be- Note: The President spoke at 11:22 a.m. in cause we know our economic health, our the Rose Garden at the White House. In economic survival depend on how we edu- his remarks, he referred to Robert Schiller, cate ourselves to face the challenges a new superintendent of public instruction for the

545 Apr. 7 / Administration of George Bush, 1992

Michigan Department of Education, and Washtenaw Intermediate School District, Michael O. Emlaw, superintendent of MI.

Remarks to the American Business Conference April 7, 1992

Thank you, Jim, very, very much. Thank est return. And you take the risk; you reap you all, and I’m just delighted to be back the reward; everyone, meanwhile, benefits with you. And Jim Jones, thank you, sir, from the wealth you create. And that, in for the introduction, for your leadership not brief, is the genius of entrepreneurial cap- just of this wonderful organization but of italism, a system that has made America the the exchange and for everything else you envy of the world. do for this economy. For 200 years our prosperity has sprung Some people think I’ve been traveling a from our ability to innovate, to create, to little too much so today, as an example of change as the world changes. But America’s my new policy, no trips further than one world leadership is not automatic; it’s not block away from the White House. [Laugh- a birthright. We must continue to earn it ter] day by day, quarter by quarter, year by year. It is a pleasure to be with you. I’m de- And the world now is changing at a pace lighted to have been accompanied by Bar- that no one could have dreamed of just a bara Franklin, who many of you saw coming generation ago. And America, which has led in, I think, our new Secretary of Commerce the world’s transformation, simply must in whom I have great confidence, Barbara. change with it. And she and I both agree that she has large Over the last several years, deadweights shoes to fill over there at Commerce with one of your originators, one of your found- have begun to slow the engine of growth, ers, my dear, close friend Bob Mosbacher, inefficiencies a competitive economy simply sitting in the back, back here. What a job cannot tolerate. And today I want to discuss he did for his country as Secretary. five areas of reform, five critical ways in But let me just say it is always a pleasure which America must change if we are to to speak with the members of the ABC, continue to lead the world. You understand the American Business Conference, because the urgency, for each of these problems it’s a pleasure to speak with the best, people presents itself to American companies not that get things done. And I’d like to talk as an abstraction but in the most immediate to you today about the future, the future way, as a cost of doing business, a cost you of our country generally, and more particu- can’t control, an expenditure with no pos- larly, the future of our country’s business sible return. environment. In fact, we cannot separate When our legal system becomes incapable the two. The America of the 21st century— of resolving disputes in a timely and civil Jim talked about some of the aspects of this, manner, business loses the incentive to in- what ABC’s about, its ability to make peace novate and take risks. Secondly, when in the world, but to foster strong families, health care costs escalate, business picks up to create rewarding jobs—will be shaped much of the tab. When Government im- today, in large part, by how hospitable we poses barriers to trade, business pays the make America for business. price in opportunities lost. When our chil- We can learn from your achievement. The dren leave school without rudimentary key to the success of any high-growth com- skills, business bears the burden in lowered pany is the wise deployment of resources. productivity. And when Government freezes The successful company channels labor and in gridlock, business can no longer plan ra- investment into those areas with the poten- tionally for the future. tial for the greatest expansion, for the high- Let me begin with the crying need to

546 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / Apr. 7 reform our country’s civil justice system. the Senate opposition, the majority in the Every American has heard stories of bizarre Senate refused to bring it to a vote. And or frivolous lawsuits. But most of you have in the House it’s stuck in two committees. lived with them, tales that could have been The special interests are lining up against torn from the pages of Kafka. Consider one legal reform, and we could certainly use example related by one of your members, your help in moving it forward. We must Roger Coleman, president of Rykoff-Sexton, reform the legal system of this country. a food manufacturer and distributor. If we are successful, the effects will be After record earnings in 1989, Mr. Cole- far-reaching, extending into another area man publicly expressed his confidence that critically in need of change. Medical mal- 1990 would be even better. And when earn- practice premiums almost doubled in the ings fell short, his hopeful statement be- second half of the eighties. Doctors are came the cause of a shareholder class-action practicing defensive medicine, ordering an lawsuit. First, in a meeting with plaintiffs’ estimated $20 billion a year in unnecessary contingency-fee lawyers, at which the merits tests and procedures to protect against friv- of the case were never even discussed, the olous lawsuits. issue, says Mr. Coleman, was ‘‘the depths The trends in health care costs are simply of our pockets.’’ And next came the night- unsustainable. From less than 6 percent 30 mare of discovery, endlessly expensive and years ago, total health care expenditures are invasive. The company’s managers, instead today about 13 percent of GDP. Some mid- of managing, spent their time preparing for range estimates put that figure at 30 percent depositions. The lawsuit, he says, ‘‘brought by the year 2030. That’s 30 cents of every everything to a stop.’’ In the end, rather dollar of national income spent on health than permit the total exhaustion of company care. Right now, according to one Federal resources, Mr. Coleman decided to settle. study, American corporations already spend And the tab for this exercise in futility, $8.7 more on health care each year than they million. And as he says, ‘‘That’s over $8.7 earn in aftertax profits. million that was diverted from new investments in jobs and facilities.’’ We must reform the system, but we face The scenario is repeated daily throughout a crossroad. Some have advocated national- American business. And it is not repeated, ized care; others propose the so-called ‘‘pay let me stress, among our world competitors. or play’’ approach, which I am convinced Only the United States has seen the number is merely a step on the road to nationalized of lawyers double over a 20-year period. care. Neither is acceptable. Neither will And only the United States spends more preserve the quality of our country’s health than $80 billion annually in direct litigation care, which remains the best in the entire costs, perhaps 4 times that in indirect costs. world. And I will not let that high quality According to a recent survey, 40 percent be taken away from the American people of companies that had been the target of through some scheme of Government con- product liability suits have discontinued cer- trol. tain types of product research. Nationalized care means rationed care. Its We must remove this ball and chain from promise of cost containment is a mirage. our ability to produce, our ability to com- ‘‘Pay or play’’ would dump still more man- pete worldwide. And my Competitiveness dates on business. For employers, a 9-per- Council, led by the Vice President, has of- cent payroll tax would mean a 34-percent fered 50 recommendations for legal reform. increase in health insurance costs. And that They would limit discovery to reasonable money has got to come from somewhere. proportions, discourage some frivolous suits And for a company unable to pass along through a ‘‘loser pay’’ rule, and offer alter- the added costs through higher prices, that native means of resolving disputes. means decreased investment; it means lower This broad legal reform will not be easy. wages; it means fewer jobs. Just look at the fight that we’ve had on There is an alternative, a good one. And product liability reform. We introduced a my proposed health care reform will build reform bill in 1990 and again in 1991. And on the strengths of the existing system, pre-

547 Apr. 7 / Administration of George Bush, 1992 serving the quality of American care. We science is equally dire. Too many businesses will increase consumer choice. And through are forced to pay twice for the education transferable credits, we will assure access of prospective employees, once through to basic health insurance for the uninsured taxes that support our schools and again and control costs through market incentives. through job training to remedy the failures And we will not have to raise taxes in the of those schools in educating our young. process, raise taxes on the employers. Communities have begun taking matters I’ve targeted a third area for attention, into their own hands, with local businesses like the others, absolutely critical to our suc- often acting as catalysts. ABC’s Vital Link, cess in the coming decades. You understand which works with local schools to establish that for America to succeed economically learning incentives for students, is a perfect at home we must succeed economically example of the community-based efforts abroad. The fastest growing companies that our children need. among your group, the ones creating the And still, there is much for the Govern- greatest number of jobs here at home, are ment to do. This year seven different Fed- those with far-reaching involvement in for- eral agencies will spend $18 billion on a eign markets. patchwork of 60 mandated vocational train- I am committed to opening markets to ing programs. Is it any wonder that so many American goods and services, removing the Americans who seek training don’t know Government-imposed barriers that act as a how to get it? Now, working with State and hidden tax on American business. Each local governments, we’ve got a new pro- market shut off by protection is a lost op- gram: our Job Training 2000 initiative, we portunity to sell your products. A successful call it. And that will bring coherence to conclusion to the current Uruguay round these programs and try to offer ‘‘one-stop of trade negotiations, for instance, could in- shopping’’ to aspiring workers. Job Training crease world output by $5 trillion over the 2000 perfectly complements the revolution next decade. More than $1 trillion of that now taking place in American education as boom will go to the United States, creating a higher standard of living and, yes, more a whole. jobs for Americans. And through this, I hope you’ve heard And then, even closer to home, an area of it, our America 2000 initiative, we will where Bob Mosbacher did so much and reinvent, literally reinvent our schools. Your now Barbara Franklin has taken up the chairman, Jim Jones, is a leader in what cause: exports to Mexico. They have more we call the New American Schools Devel- than doubled over the last years, creating opment Corporation. It’s a private group more than 300,000 American jobs. Now, our created at my request to launch an entire North American free trade agreement, Mex- generation of break-the-mold new American ico, Canada, and the U.S., will lock in and schools. even multiply these gains, creating a $6 tril- This revolution is essential to creating a lion market for American products in Can- world-class work force. Now to do that, we ada, Mexico, and the U.S.A. need to set world-class standards for stu- As world trade expands, the need for a dents and create a system of voluntary na- sophisticated, well-educated work force will tional tests to measure their progress. We’ve intensify. And yet the fact is grim and unde- got to redouble our efforts to rid our niable, and Jim referred to this one in intro- schools of drugs and violence, to cleanse ducing me, our current educational system America of this scourge that wastes so many is unable to produce the workers the highly young lives. And we must make schools competitive world market demands. more accountable by forcing them to com- Our educational failures have hit Amer- pete. And that means giving parents the op- ican employees hard. English is now the portunity to choose their children’s schools, language of international business, and yet public, private, or religious. only 20 percent of 17-year-olds can write I am convinced that each of these major a simple two-paragraph letter applying for reforms, restoring sanity to our legal system, a job. The situation in geography, math, ensuring quality health care for all,

548 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / Apr. 7 expanding world trade, reinventing Amer- nasium. I’m talking about fundamental re- ican education, is essential to this country’s form of the United States Congress. productivity. But each faces powerful oppo- The reforms that I’ve outlined here today sition from special interests who profit from are grounded in basic principles, a way of the status quo. And so, I’ve targeted a final looking at the world. As Jefferson said, ‘‘The reform, no less important than the others. pillars of our prosperity are the most thriv- If America is to change, our Government ing when left most free to individual enter- must change. prise.’’ In practice, that means Government And last week in Philadelphia I presented must trust the wisdom of the markets more seven specific programs, proposals really, to than the whims of the bureaucrats. The deal with the paralysis that grips the Con- freely made decisions of business men and gress. And the results of this gridlock are women must take precedence over the engi- dismally plain. Congress was incapable even neering schemes of Government. And all of passing a short-term stimulative eco- of our institutions, from the Congress to the nomic growth package. But they must un- local school board, must be accountable to derstand I am going to continue to fight those that they serve. for measures essential to economic growth, Over the last decade, America has and that includes something you know changed the world. Given what’s happening something about, a lot about, including a out there in this election year, we some- cut in the tax on capital gains. times fail to count our blessings. There have And you have sitting here today a leader been fundamental changes in this world, that knows something about the success of changes for world peace. And today we are a capital gains cut, Jim Jones. Because if blessed with those changes, and we are also my memory serves me correctly, it was the blessed with the opportunity now to change Jones-Stieger initiative in ’78 that showed America. With these principles that I’ve what can happen in the way of new invest- outlined here as our guide, I am absolutely ment, entrepreneurship, when a capital convinced we will meet the challenges and gains tax cut was enacted. exploit the opportunities of the world that The American people, and I can under- is now being born. stand this, are rightly fed up with business Thank you all very much for what you as usual, a deficit that is a fiscal and a moral do. And may God bless our country. Thank outrage, a permanent governing class obliv- you all. ious to the national interest, and hundreds of self-perpetuating programs that don’t even aid the people they were designed to Note: The President spoke at 2:11 p.m. at help. Now, I refuse to believe that this is the Willard Hotel. In his remarks, he re- the legacy we’ll leave our kids. But it will ferred to James R. Jones, chairman of the be if we don’t reform. I’m talking here American Business Conference and chair- about perks. I’m talking about the gym- man of the American Stock Exchange.

Message to the Congress on the Release of Funds for Peacekeeping Purposes in El Salvador April 7, 1992

To the Congress of the United States: keeping purposes by that Act shall be made Section 531 of the Foreign Operations, Ex- available for obligation and expenditure only port Financing, and Related Programs Ap- upon notification by the President to the propriations Act, 1991 (Public Law 101–513), Congress that the Government of El Salvador provides that amounts in the Demobilization and representatives of the Farabundo and Transition Fund established for peace- Marti Liberation Front (FMLN) have

549 Apr. 7 / Administration of George Bush, 1992 reached a permanent settlement of the con- (Fund) to be made available for obligation flict, including a final agreement on a cease- and expenditure. The Secretary of State will fire. On January 16, 1992, the Government have responsibility for administering the of El Salvador and the FMLN signed such Fund. an agreement, bringing an end to the civil It is extremely important for the United conflict. States to support the implementation of this Consistent with section 531, I hereby pro- historic peace agreement, and I look for- vide notification that the Government of El ward to your continued cooperation toward Salvador and representatives of the FMLN achieving our mutual objectives in this en- have reached a permanent settlement of the deavor. conflict, including a final agreement on a GEORGE BUSH cease-fire. This notification allows the amounts in The White House, the Demobilization and Transition Fund April 7, 1992.

Message to the Congress Reporting on Economic Sanctions Against Haiti April 7, 1992

To the Congress of the United States: and services, after November 5, 1991, with 1. On October 4, 1991, in Executive certain limited exceptions. The order ex- Order No. 12775, I declared a national empts trade in publications and other infor- emergency to deal with the threat to the mational materials from the import, export, national security, foreign policy, and econ- and payment prohibitions and permits the omy of the United States caused by events exportation to Haiti of donations to relieve that had occurred in Haiti to disrupt the human suffering as well as commercial sales legitimate exercise of power by the demo- of five food commodities: rice, beans, sugar, cratically elected government of that coun- wheat flour, and cooking oil. In order to try (56 FR 50641). In that order, I ordered permit the return to the United States of the immediate blocking of all property and goods being prepared for U.S. customers by interests in property of the Government of Haiti’s substantial ‘‘assembly sector,’’ the Haiti (including the Banque de la Repub- order also permitted, through December 5, lique d’Haiti) then or thereafter located in 1991, the importation into the United States the United States or within the possession of goods assembled or processed in Haiti or control of a U.S. person, including its that contained parts or materials previously overseas branches. I also prohibited any di- exported to Haiti from the United States. rect or indirect payments or transfers to the 2. The declaration of the national emer- de facto regime in Haiti of funds or other gency on October 4, 1991, was made pursu- financial or investment assets or credits by ant to the authority vested in me as President any U.S. person or any entity organized by the Constitution and laws of the United under the laws of Haiti and owned or con- States, including the International Emer- trolled by a U.S. person. gency Economic Powers Act (50 U.S.C. 1701, Subsequently, on October 28, 1991, I et seq.), the National Emergencies Act issued Executive Order No. 12779 adding (50 U.S.C. 1601, et seq.), and section 301 trade sanctions against Haiti to the sanctions of title 3 of the United States Code. I imposed on October 4 (56 FR 55975). reported the emergency declaration to the Under this order, I prohibited exportation Congress on October 4, 1991, pursuant to from the United States of goods, tech- section 204(b) of the International Emer- nology, and services, and importation into gency Economic Powers Act (50 U.S.C. the United States of Haitian-origin goods 1703(b)). The additional sanctions set

550 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / Apr. 7 forth in my order of October 28 were im- demned by the OAS. The convening on posed pursuant to the authority vested in me September 30 of an emergency meeting of by the Constitution and laws of the United the OAS Permanent Council to address this States, including the statutes cited above, and crisis reflected an important first use of a implement in the United States Resolution mechanism approved at the 1991 OAS Gen- MRE/RES. 2/91, adopted by the Ad Hoc eral Assembly in Santiago, Chile, requiring Meeting of Ministers of Foreign Affairs of the OAS to respond to a sudden or irregular the Organization of American States (‘‘OAS’’) interruption of the functioning of a demo- on October 8, 1991, which called on Member cratic government anywhere in the Western States to impose a trade embargo on Haiti Hemisphere. As an OAS Member State, the and to freeze Government of Haiti assets. United States has participated actively in The present report is submitted pursuant to OAS diplomatic efforts to restore democ- 50 U.S.C. 1641(c) and 1703(c) and discusses racy in Haiti and has supported fully the Administration actions and expenses directly OAS resolutions adopted in response to the related to the national emergency with respect to Haiti declared in Executive Order crisis, including Resolution MRE/RES. 2/91. No. 12775, as implemented pursuant to that 5. In these initial months of the Haitian order and Executive Order No. 12779. sanctions program, FAC has made extensive 3. On March 31, 1992, the Office of For- use of its authority to specifically license eign Assets Control of the Department of transactions with respect to Haiti in an ef- the Treasury (‘‘FAC’’), after consultation fort to mitigate the effects of the sanctions with other Federal agencies, issued the Hai- on the legitimate Government of Haiti and tian Transactions Regulations, 31 C.F.R. on U.S. firms having established relation- Part 580 (57 FR 10820, March 31, 1992), ships with Haiti’s ‘‘assembly sector,’’ and to to implement the prohibitions set forth in ensure the availability of necessary medi- Executive Orders Nos. 12775 and 12779. cines and medical supplies and the Prior to the issuance of the final regula- undisrupted flow of humanitarian donations tions, FAC issued a number of general li- to Haiti’s poor. For example, specific licenses to address urgent situations requiring censes have been issued (1) permitting ex- an interpretation of U.S. sanctions policy in penditures from blocked assets for the oper- advance of the final regulations. These gen- ations of the legitimate Government of eral licenses provided agency policy regard- Haiti, (2) permitting U.S. firms wishing to ing the articles (baggage, personal effects, terminate assembly operations in Haiti to etc.) that could be exported or imported return equipment, machinery, and parts and by travellers to and from Haiti; the treat- materials inventories to the United States ment of amounts owed to the de facto re- and, beginning February 5, 1992, permitting gime by U.S. persons for certain tele- firms wishing to resume assembly oper- communications services; the movement of ations in Haiti to do so provided the prohi- diplomatic pouches; the obligation of banks and other financial institutions with respect bition on payments to the de facto regime to Government of Haiti funds in their pos- is complied with, and (3) permitting the session or control; authorization of commer- continued material support of U.S. and cial shipments to Haiti of medicines and international religious, charitable, public medical supplies; and the circumstances health, and other humanitarian organiza- under which certain exportations to, or im- tions and projects operating in Haiti. portations from, the ‘‘assembly sector’’ in 6. Since the issuance of Executive Order Haiti would be permitted. These general li- No. 12779, FAC has worked closely with the censes have been incorporated into the Hai- U.S. Customs Service to ensure both that tian Transactions Regulations. prohibited imports and exports (including 4. The ouster of Jean-Bertrand Aristide, those in which the Government of Haiti has the democratically elected President of an interest) are identified and interdicted and Haiti, in an illegal coup by elements of the that permitted imports and exports move to Haitian military on September 30, 1991, was their intended destination without undue immediately repudiated and vigorously con- delay. Violations and suspected viola-

551 Apr. 7 / Administration of George Bush, 1992 tions of the embargo are being investigated, resented by the military’s forced exile of and appropriate enforcement actions will be President Aristide continues to pose an un- taken. usual and extraordinary threat to the na- 7. The expenses incurred by the Federal tional security, foreign policy, and economy Government in the 6-month period from of the United States. The United States re- October 4, 1991, through April 3, 1992, that mains committed to a multilateral resolution are directly attributable to the authorities of this crisis through its actions implement- conferred by the declaration of a national ing the resolutions of the OAS with respect emergency with respect to Haiti are esti- to Haiti. I shall continue to exercise the mated at $323,000, most of which represent powers at my disposal to apply economic wage and salary costs for Federal personnel. sanctions against Haiti as long as these Personnel costs were largely centered in the measures are appropriate, and will continue Department of the Treasury (particularly in to report periodically to the Congress on FAC, the U.S. Customs Service, and the significant developments pursuant to 50 Office of the General Counsel), the Depart- U.S.C. 1703(c). ment of State, the Department of Com- GEORGE BUSH merce, and the Federal Reserve Bank of New York. The White House, 8. The assault on Haiti’s democracy rep- April 7, 1992.

Message to the Congress Reporting on Panamanian Government Assets Held by the United States April 7, 1992

To the Congress of the United States: pursuant to 50 U.S.C. 1622(a). 1. I hereby report to the Congress on 3. The Office of Foreign Assets Control developments since the last Presidential re- of the Department of the Treasury (‘‘FAC’’) port on October 3, 1991, concerning the has released to the control of the Govern- continued blocking of Panamanian government of Panama approximately $134 million ment assets. This report is submitted pursu- of the approximately $137.3 million that re- ant to section 207(d) of the International mained blocked at the time of my last re- Emergency Economic Powers Act, 50 port. The amount released represents U.S.C. 1706(d). blocked financial accounts that the Govern- 2. On April 5, 1990, I issued Executive ment of Panama requested be unblocked. Order No. 12710, terminating the national Of the approximately $6.1 million remain- emergency declared on April 8, 1988, with ing blocked at this time (which includes ap- respect to Panama. While this order termi- nated the sanctions imposed pursuant to proximately $2.8 million in interest credited that declaration, the blocking of Panama- to the accounts since my last report), some nian government assets in the United States $5.5 million is held in escrow by the Federal was continued in order to permit comple- Reserve Bank of New York at the request tion of the orderly unblocking and transfer of the Government of Panama. Additionally, of funds that I directed on December 20, approximately $600,000 is held in commer- 1989, and to foster the resolution of claims cial bank accounts for which the Government of U.S. creditors involving Panama, pursu- of Panama has not requested unblocking. A ant to 50 U.S.C. 1706(a). The termination small residual in blocked reserve accounts es- of the national emergency did not affect the tablished under section 565.509 of the Pan- continuation of compliance audits and en- amanian Transactions Regulations, 31 CFR forcement actions with respect to activities 565.509, remains on the books of U.S. firms taking place during the sanctions period, pending the final reconciliation of ac-

552 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / Apr. 7 counting records involving claims and coun- has an interest, pursuant to 50 U.S.C. terclaims between the firms and the Gov- 1706(d). ernment of Panama. 4. I will continue to report periodically GEORGE BUSH to the Congress on the exercise of authorities to prohibit transactions involving prop- The White House, erty in which the Government of Panama April 7, 1992.

Statement on United States Recognition of the Former Yugoslav Republics April 7, 1992

The United States recognizes Bosnia- rived at peacefully, democratically, and by Hercegovina, Croatia, and Slovenia as sov- negotiation. The United States strongly sup- ereign and independent states and will ports the U.N. peacekeeping plan, as begin immediate consultations to establish worked out by Cyrus Vance, and the full full diplomatic relations. The United States deployment of the U.N. peacekeeping force. accepts the pre-crisis Republic borders as We continue to support the EC Peace Con- the legitimate international borders of Bos- ference as the indispensable forum for the nia-Hercegovina, Croatia, and Slovenia. parties to reach a peaceful settlement of We take this step because we are satisfied their dispute and to establish the basis for that these states meet the requisite criteria future relations. U.S. recognition is without for recognition. We acknowledge the peace- prejudice to any future association Yugoslav ful and democratic expression of the will successor states might agree to establish. of citizens of these states for sovereignty. The United States views the dem- We will continue to work intensively with onstrated commitment of the emerging the European Community and its member states to respect borders and to protect all states to resolve expeditiously the outstand- Yugoslav nationalities as an essential ele- ing issues between Greece and the Republic ment in establishing full diplomatic rela- of Macedonia, thus enabling the U.S. to rec- tions. Equally, we view such a commitment ognize formally the independence of that by Serbia and Montenegro as essential to Republic as well. The United States will also proceed in discussions on their future sta- discuss with the Governments of Serbia and tus. Montenegro their interest in remaining in The deployment of the U.N. peacekeep- a common state known as Yugoslavia. ing force, the continuation of the EC Peace In light of our decisions on recognition, Conference, and the process of international the U.S. will lift economic sanctions from recognition offer all of the former Yugoslav Bosnia-Hercegovina, Croatia, Macedonia, Republics an historic opportunity to reject and Slovenia. Sanctions were applied to decisively the tragic violence which has Yugoslavia on December 6, 1991. We will marked this crisis. Continued commitment lift sanctions against Serbia and Montenegro to peaceful dialog should lead toward rec- contingent on Belgrade’s lifting the eco- onciliation, toward integration within Eu- nomic blockades directed against Bosnia- rope, and toward cordial and productive re- Hercegovina and Macedonia. The U.N. lations with the United States. The United arms embargo remains in effect. States will continue to work to achieve these It has been U.S. policy throughout the goals. Yugoslav crisis to accept any resolution ar-

553 Apr. 7 / Administration of George Bush, 1992

Statement by Deputy Press Secretary Smith on the President’s Meeting With President Francesco Cossiga of Italy April 7, 1992

Italian President Cossiga today called on pleted Italian elections. Among the other President Bush to bid farewell in anticipa- topics discussed were GATT, the Atlantic tion of the end of Cossiga’s 7-year Presi- alliance, and Yugoslavia. Both Presidents re- dential term in July. He and President Bush affirmed their commitment to the closest discussed a range of bilateral and inter- possible cooperation between Italy and the national issues. President Cossiga also United States and to ensuring the vitality shared his perspectives on the just-com- of the transatlantic partnership.

Nomination of William Dean Hansen To Be Chief Financial Officer at the Department of Education April 7, 1992

The President today announced his inten- gressional Affairs, 1989–90; senior research tion to nominate William Dean Hansen, of associate in the Office of the Secretary, Idaho, to be Chief Financial Officer at the 1989; and Deputy Assistant Secretary for Department of Education. He would suc- Elementary and Secondary Education, ceed John Theodore Sanders. 1988. He was Executive Assistant for Legis- Currently Mr. Hansen serves as Acting lative Affairs in the Office of Legislation, Assistant Secretary for Management and 1984–88; and a legislative assistant in the Budget at the U.S. Department of Edu- Office of Legislation and Public Affairs, cation in Washington, DC. Prior to this, he 1981–84. served at the U.S. Department of Education Mr. Hansen graduated from George as: Acting Assistant Secretary for Legislation Mason University (B.S., 1988). He was born and Congressional Affairs, 1991; Acting Deputy Under Secretary for Planning, May 13, 1959, in Pocatello, ID. Mr. Hansen Budget, and Evaluation, 1990–91; Deputy is married, has four children, and resides Assistant Secretary for Legislation and Con- in Arlington, VA.

Statement on Presidential Primary Victories April 7, 1992

Today’s results are another endorsement schools where students can learn. We must of our proposals for fundamental reform. restore reason to our legal system. Quality While the Democrats offer only confusion, health care should be available to all. A pro- we are earning a mandate to change Amer- ductive America must be free to compete ica as we changed the world. in world markets. And finally, a Congress This is the message I will continue to take frozen in gridlock must be made to work. to the American people. We must have

554 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / Apr. 8

Exchange With Reporters While Viewing the Cherry Blossoms at the Tidal Basin April 8, 1992

The President. Look, we’re out here to Q. You got me up this morning; I’ve got enjoy the flowers, thank you very much. We to work. Last time I came here was 3 a.m. don’t discuss those kinds of things anyway. in the morning with Nixon. Q. Good morning. Q. You see things have gotten better. You Mrs. Bush. Good morning. don’t have to come out quite so early. The President. Good morning, everybody. Q. Oh, yes. In ’71. Bright and early. Wait until the sun comes The President. How did he do in the pri- up. mary? [Laughter] Q. And then you’ll tell us about that sat- Q. It was a Vietnam protest. ellite and Arafat? The President. The satellite. Q. Are you going to buy our breakfast? Term Limitations I know a good bagel factory. The President. Helen, this might interest The President. Enjoy. Careful, careful, you. This might interest you all. Here’s don’t fall in. Thomas Jefferson’s belief in term limita- Q. Don’t fall down. tions. The President. This is beautiful. Isn’t this Q. My favorite. beautiful? It’s a little early. We’re trying to The President. This one. This is Jeffer- avoid holding people up in the traffic. son’s appeal for term limits. Read carefully, Q. Did you see that Tsongas is back in Helen. the race? Q. ——not an advocate. The President. We’re not commenting on The President. ‘‘Frequent changes . . . the Democratic—all three of them are laws and institutions must go hand-in-hand Democrats. with the progress of the human mind. As Q. What do you think about your that becomes more developed, more en- latest—— lightened, as new discoveries are made, new The President. Outstanding. Excellent. truth discovered, and matters of opinions Q. Mr. President, you could see the colors change . . . change is certain . . . institu- better in the daytime. tions must advance also to keep pace with The President. I know it, but you get—— times.’’ If I’ve ever heard an eloquent plea Q. Brilliant. for term limits, that’s it. The President. It will be daylight at 6:20 Q. Doesn’t sound like that to me. a.m., but we just wanted to get out here The President. It does to me. ‘‘We might before we held up too much traffic. As I as well require men to wear—[inaudible]’’— speak the sun is starting to rise somewhere. in other words, things have to change. Con- Q. You think you’re going to be running gress must change. against Clinton? Q. I don’t think Bob Michel would like The President. I don’t know. I’m not that. going to comment on the Democratic side. The President. Well, I think he probably I’ve got a good record of not doing that would. But I really think this is a very im- so far, and I’m going to stay with it. portant statement here. Let’s see what he Q. Well, he’s the candidate for change. says over here. The President. He’s running against me. Q. You’re misinterpreting Jefferson. I’m not running against anybody right now. The President. No, I’m not. Let’s see what they come up with. Q. You ought to send this statement to Q. Is this your favorite monument? Peru. The President. Helen [Helen Thomas, The President. Perot? United Press International]. Q. Peru.

555 Apr. 8 / Administration of George Bush, 1992

The President. Oh, sorry, I heard you. a 2-week vacation, nor do I feel need of Q. Perot, right? Is he on your mind? that, although I was delighted when the The President. No, I think he’s on yours. doctor recommended it. Took a little pres- Q. Not at all. sure off so we could get a good long week- The President. This is a lovely memorial. end. But I feel good. I think the health Q. Do you care one way or the other is strong. This weekend was good, and I if Perot gets in it, Mr. President? got a lot of rest up there. The President. No. So, I think that I’m more apt to do that Q. Tell Strom Thurmond about it. How than I am to try to get a week off in a many terms has he had? row, something like that. Q. Do you have a favorite memorial? Mrs. Bush. This may well be it. It’s a Legislative Agenda nice one. The President. This one is? Q. Are you anxious to return to full- Q. You can see this from your balcony. fledged campaigning? The President. Not particularly. Full-term U.S. Supreme Court governing, trying to move this Congress to Q. Maybe he’s talking about liberal inter- do things that I’ve been trying to get done. pretation of the Constitution vis-a-vis the For example, an education program that will U.S. Supreme Court and its need to interchange education and change it for the bet- pret law in light of ever-changing cir- ter; an anticrime bill that will give support cumstances? to the people in the cities, the people in The President. That’s exactly what the Su- the rural areas that need it. So there’s a preme Court does. They interpret the Con- lot of things we’re still trying to get done stitution. They do not legislate from the with Congress. This period gives me time Bench. One of the things I’m most proud to concentrate on that. I’ll keep going. of is my appointments to the Supreme I’d like to see this legislation passed that Court. And it’s a good court, and it does will put some limits on liability. If there not legislate from the Bench as much as was ever anything people unanimously want in the past. And that’s good. And maybe in this country, it’s to do something about that’s what he’s talking about. But I don’t the frivolous lawsuits, those that are just see that in that particular message there. running up the cost of everything and frivo- What I think he’s talking about there is lously driving people out of public service, change, and we are trying to get some out of helping their neighbor, out of medi- change. cal practice. And yet it sits there in a Con- Q. What did you think of the march on gress unwilling to even take it up for a vote. Sunday? So, there’s plenty of things to be doing The President. The march? without having to concentrate on the pri- Q. Yes, the march. maries at this point or the elections at this The President. I think Jefferson would point. And I’m trying very hard to do just have approved of that. Everybody has a exactly that. right to petition his Government, or her Now, we’re going to go up and see the Government, Helen; his in the generic sun come up and watch the—— sense. Q. You’re not even sending health financ- Q. But where does it fall on your ears? ing up? The President. Everybody has that right. The President. We’ve got a wonderful health—— President’s Schedule Q. Your health care program stands in Q. Mr. President, we’ve noticed that limbo. you’ve been taking some leisurely weekends. The President. Well, then blame the Con- Is this, taking the advice of your doctor, gress because we’ve got the best health care as much of a vacation as you’re going to—— plan there is. And it does not socialize med- The President. Well, I think probably yes. icine in this country. It preserves the quality I don’t think we’re going to be able to get of care. It gives health care access to

556 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / Apr. 8 all, and it does it without reducing the qual- ask the question because somebody beat ity of American education. And I just hope you to a story that’s untrue. [Laughter] So the Congress will move on it instead of sit- you have to ask it, but it’s silly. It’s silly. ting there and griping for the status quo. Q. The best defense is offense. I could And that’s it. When I’m talking about campaign—— change, that’s what I’m talking about, a The President. Exactly. You’re darn right whole array of issues. And I think the Amer- you can. ican people understand it, and I think as Mrs. Bush. You can’t see in our bedroom the campaign gets in focus in the fall they’ll window; that’s good news. understand it more clearly. So this is what The President. You can see George sleep- it is. It isn’t about who’s been President ing over there. See, on the far right window. for 3 years, it’s the question of who has That’s my son George; that’s our son the program for change that really will help George’s room. And when he got the word this country. And it’s about time the Con- that the Texas Rangers won 4 to nothing gress moves on some of these items. And at 5:45 a.m., he went back to sleep for an- I’ve listed three or four here, and there’s other hour and refused to come out to see plenty more. the cherry blossoms. That’s my boy for you. So, that’s what we’ll be talking about. I Q. A chip off the old block. [Laughter] do have a period in here where I don’t have to concentrate on the primaries, and that’s good. Nor will I comment on the primaries President’s Opening Day Pitch on the Democratic side. They don’t need me getting in fine-tuning it. I hear what The President. Yes, rooting for his ball they say about me. There will be plenty team. There’s a beautiful view there. And of time to respond, do it in a civil way and I’ve gotten so many compliments on that not take questions on who’s up or who’s first pitch, I’m surprised you don’t ask about down in New York or anything like that. that. A lot of people—I thought there would Q. Well, you were kind of scared of be some criticism. They could visualize the Buchanan’s threat, weren’t you? Weren’t left-handed hitter standing there and the you a little bit frightened about Buchanan? pitcher on the first pitch saying, outside and The President. No. away, do not bring it in over the strike zone, and bring it in a little slower than normal President’s Staff because he’s looking for the heat. And so, Q. What do you think about the criticism as one reporter pointed out, you give him of your Chief of Staff, Sam Skinner, and the chill or the freeze. this alleged disarray? And it was wonderful because it was a The President. I think it’s ridiculous. You great comparison with my grandson who know and I know that there’s periodic sto- had to get out there and arrogantly throw ries of this nature. I’ve seen it in every sin- it right over the middle of the plate fast. gle administration, Democrat and Repub- So, I’ve been surprised at the reaction from lican. I discount it. I think we’ve got an the people. It’s very understanding on that outstanding staff. We’ve got good coordina- pitch. tion between the campaign and the staff. Q. That’s why you want to run for reelec- And there’s a hiatus in here, as I mentioned, tion, so you can throw out the first ball, where we can be sure the cooperation is right? the best. So it’s coming along, and I The President. Well, I think the American don’t—— people seem to be sensitive. They see what Q. Is Marlin quitting? the man is trying to do, keep it outside on The President. There’s one of the most the opening left-handed hitter. [Laughter] ridiculous—— You notice how the third baseman came in Mrs. Bush. What? on the very first pitch of the leadoff hitter. The President. She said, ‘‘Is Marlin quit- He was in for the bunt. Now, with my pitch, ting?’’ That is so absurd. It’s just absolutely nobody could have bunted that thing. absurd. And you know it. But you have to [Laughter]

557 Apr. 8 / Administration of George Bush, 1992

Q. You’re the ultimate outsider. The President. I did. Let’s go. I think we better head on back before the traffic starts Tidal Basin Visit hitting the bridge. The President. I think we can go without fouling up the traffic there. Tidal Basin Visit Q. Breakfast in the mess. We do know Q. Walk. We have to run. a good bagel factory. The President. No, you’re right here. Q. How’s the Kennebunkport house? Here, Ranger, get in. They want you, I Mrs. Bush. We’re going to see in a couple know. I know everyone wants you in the of weeks. picture. Q. Habitable? Mrs. Bush. Sit down, Millie. Mrs. Bush. Yes, we’ll be up there Easter. The President. Big guys in the middle. No furniture, though. Here, Ranger; here, boy. Sit, sit. Good boy. The President. Valdez [David Valdez, Stay, stay. President’s Photographer], can you create a Q. What perks are you giving up, Mr. original ‘‘Valdez’’ out of this? A man of your President? ability ought to be able to make a real cre- The President. He’s like Helen Thomas. ation. I’ll send this to my mother. This You tell him to do something, he doesn’t ‘‘Valdez’’ will live in history. write it—[inaudible]. Q. Are these the campaign photos? Thank you all very much. The President. No. Q. Giving up any perks? Mrs. Bush. Laughter Oh, you bet. [ ] The President. Ranger, come here, boy. The President. This is an annual event for Sic her! [Laughter] us. It’s very nice. Q. That’s all right. Ranger’s okay. Mrs. Bush. Next year we’re going to go Q. Any comment on the GAO report, Mr. at 5 a.m. President? Q. How long have you been doing this? The President. Randall [Randall Pinkston, The President. Maybe three, I don’t re- CBS News], nice to see you there. member exactly. You’ve got to admit the timing was per- Q. Not as Vice President? fect on this, right? It’s so beautiful. It really The President. Well, we didn’t have to is. worry about you in the daytime then. Q. Did you know it was going to be a Laughter [ ] This is pretty. perfect day? Mrs. Bush. Beautiful. The President. Well, we talked about ei- Q. You’re not saying that Vice President ther today or tomorrow. Here’s the way the Quayle has an easier life than you? decisionmaking process works: Barbara got The President. No. I’m just saying it’s a home at about 11 p.m., so I made the com- little different between what you can do as mand decision to go either this morning or President and what you can do as Vice tomorrow morning. So we went this morn- President. ing. Term Limitations Q. The later the better. Q. If you’re so much for term limitations, The President. No, we wanted to do it why don’t you seek one term? so we wouldn’t foul up traffic. But it’s great The President. Because we’re limited to to do. I thought she might be a little tired, two terms. I think that’s about right for a but she wasn’t, so off we go. We wake up President. I didn’t always feel that way ei- at 5 a.m. every morning. Got that? It’s true. ther. Q. I believe it. Q. Really? What caused your conversion? The President. It’s true. So it’s routine. The President. I think that’s the kind of Good to see you all. Got to go to work. change that Thomas Jefferson is talking about. That’s what caused it. Note: The exchange began at 5:55 a.m. dur- Q. I didn’t read the same thing in his ing a walk from the White House to the words. [Laughter] Jefferson Memorial and back. In his re-

558 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / Apr. 8 marks, the President referred to Ross Perot, businessman and prospective Presidential candidate.

Remarks Congratulating United States Olympic Athletes April 8, 1992

Well, please be seated. Mr. Vice Presi- [Laughter] dent and Marilyn—I’ve been jealous of The Olympics—sorry about that one— them ever since they got to go to see a [laughter]—the Olympics have been de- little bit of Albertville, not as much as they scribed as ‘‘going for the gold.’’ Well, would have liked, but we were just de- whether you took home a gold, silver, lighted they could represent our country, bronze, or simply just gave it your best, in albeit briefly, at this marvelous event. my book and the book of your countrymen, And may I salute an old friend, Bill Hybl, you’re all winners, indeed, heroes. And I from Colorado, who is the president of the think that’s true for all Americans, look at U.S. Olympic Committee and who stepped it that way. into a difficult job and has done a superb A book once proclaimed, ‘‘Let us now job for our athletes and for our country. praise famous men.’’ The 1992 Winter I see next to him Oss Day, who was also Olympics praised famous women. And did on our delegation that represented us over they do it well? I speak of champions like there. Welcome, sir. And may I just salute Kristi Yamaguchi over here, of Fremont, all that are here today, fellow Americans, California. And I know Kristi’s got her own and most of all, the very special athletes cereal now, but we know she’s the real Spe- who did our country so proud. And a special cial K. [Laughter] hello to another athlete in his own right, With us today, of course, is a champion a former coach of Notre Dame’s Fighting whose specialty is speed skating. Bonnie Irish, who has just come, as Dizzy Dean Blair was supported in her early days by would say, from ‘‘commemertating’’ on the her hometown Champaign, Illinois, fire de- NCAA basketball tournament, Digger partment. Now, after becoming the first Phelps. American woman to take a gold medal in Now, a parenthetical note and one of two straight Olympics, she’s set the speed great importance and, I think, benefit to skating world on fire. Congratulations. our country. Today we’re announcing that So did Cathy, Cathy Turner of Rochester, Digger Phelps will be a Special Assistant whose story even Ripley would disbelieve. to the Director at the Office of National A briefly retired speed skater, Cathy gave Drug Control Policy. Next to Digger is Gov- up her job as a nightclub singer to return ernor Bob Martinez, who is doing a superb to her sport and win the gold in short track, job heading up that Office. And now, Dig- a silver in the relay event. And I congratu- ger will be at his side, the side of the Attor- late her. Well done, well done. That brings ney General Bill Barr. And he’s joining our me to other members of what’s been called efforts to take back the streets from crime the Golden Girls, people like Donna and drugs, working on our new ‘‘Weed and Weinbrecht of New Milford, New Jersey, Seed’’ program, which is terribly important winning the first-ever gold medal in moguls to every community in our country. Digger, skiing, or Juneau’s Hilary Lindh, winning welcome, officially, and please stand up. the silver in the women’s downhill, the first Well, I’m so glad to see all of you here Alaskan athlete to win an Olympic medal. helping salute the Olympians. And let me Hilary, you’ve made Alaska almost forget say that it’s an honor to have this team here, about the Iditarod. Where are you? though I almost didn’t recognize you all I think, too, of Diann Roffe, Nancy without the interruptions for commercials. Kerrigan, Amy Peterson, Darcie Dohnal, and

559 Apr. 8 / Administration of George Bush, 1992

Nikki Ziegelmeyer, each of them winning love of victory and, above all, competition. bronze or silver. And also three-time Olym- Each quality makes the Olympics great. pian Bonny Warner, who has now traded Each, in turn, makes our country great. the luge for her new career as an airplane In 1954, Dwight Eisenhower called the pilot. Bonny, you made the entire Olympics Olympics the means and methods by which friendly skies for America. Now, where is some understanding of fairplay and justice Bonny? Way up high. There she is. can be developed among nations. Here is And then, members of the men’s hockey what we call it: human beings vying peace- team, of course, have now all spread out, fully, athletes asking more of themselves, returned to a variety of careers. And I know excellence, achievement, the boundless en- they’ll be as successful as they were at ergy of the human spirit. Albertville, fourth in the Winter Games, Each of you showed how the Olympics best since the Miracle Team of ’80, 1980. race can ennoble the human race, that co- Team U.S.A. was led by Ray LeBlanc from operation and competition can produce a Fitchburg, Mass., who did a superb job in better world. And you led the way to Ameri- goal. As an expert at taking a lot of shots, ca’s best showing in the Winter Games I know exactly how he felt. [Laughter] We since 1980, 11 medals, the most we’ve won can all learn from him. No wonder they on foreign soil. call Ray ‘‘America’s choice,’’ just as Nelson And you pointed the way to Lillehammer Carmichael, winning a bronze in moguls in 1994. And you gave the world a taste freestyle skiing, is the choice of his home- of what we’ll do when America holds the town, Steamboat Springs, Colorado. Summer Olympics in Atlanta in July of Then, Paul Wylie, a figure skater from 1996. White House to the world: I can’t Somerville, Mass., who won a silver medal wait. And I know all Americans agree with when some said he was over the hill at age me. 27. Don’t worry, Paul. Barbara and I know More than two millennia ago, a Greek you’ll get used to it. [Laughter] Had to rope statesman asked, ‘‘Which would you rather her in on it. At the end of this year’s games, be, a victor in the Olympic Games or the Paul Wylie received the Olympic Spirit announcer of the victor?’’ Today I am privi- Award. leged to be the announcer of you victors, Let me add, that spirit owes much to this Americans who showed what we mean by year’s demonstration sport competitors, the competition, decency, self-reliance, self-dis- men’s curling team of Bud and Tim Somer- cipline, proving that the Olympics, like ville and Bill and Mike Strum, Jeff Hamil- America, are truly number one. ton in speed skiing, and Lane Spina and For that I thank you, for coming to the Sharon Petzold in freestyle ballet skiing, all White House. We just welcome you once here someplace. Hold up your hands now again. And may God bless you all, and the so we can get a little idea. There they are. Nation that you made so proud, the United Welcome, welcome. States of America. Thank you, and welcome. But in the broad and in the truest sense, all of you here today mirror America’s Olympic spirit: the work ethic, the desire Note: The President spoke at 2:47 p.m. on to give of yourself and of your heart, the the South Lawn at the White House.

560 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / Apr. 8

Message to the Congress Transmitting the Report of the National Endowment for Democracy April 8, 1992

To the Congress of the United States: cal year 1991. Pursuant to the provisions of section 504(h) of Public Law 98–164, as amended GEORGE BUSH (22 U.S.C. 4413(i)), I transmit herewith the Eighth Annual Report of the National En- The White House, dowment for Democracy, which covers fis- April 8, 1992.

Message to the Congress Reporting a Budget Rescission April 8, 1992

To the Congress of the United States: tached report. In accordance with the Congressional GEORGE BUSH Budget and Impoundment Control Act of 1974, I herewith report one rescission pro- The White House, posal, totaling $145 thousand in budgetary April 8, 1992. resources. The proposed rescission affects the De- Note: The attachment detailing the proposed partment of Energy. The details of this re- rescission was published in the Federal Reg- scission proposal are contained in the at- ister on April 15.

Statement on Reforming Federal Regulation of Natural Gas Pipelines April 8, 1992

I am pleased to announce comprehensive so-called restructuring rule continues this action taken today by the Federal Energy trend away from heavy-handed Government Regulatory Commission to reform Federal regulation. Like the decontrol legislation I regulation of natural gas pipelines. The en- signed in 1989, FERC’s action today will tire natural gas industry plays a critical role help to create a competitive, nationwide gas in the economic and environmental health market, a market that will provide ample of our Nation. supplies of clean-burning natural gas for These reforms are part of the administra- heating homes, running factories, and tion’s national energy strategy as well as our powering cars and trucks. continuing efforts to remove unnecessary I commend Chairman Martin Allday and regulatory barriers to jobs and economic his colleagues on the Commission for their growth. They also build upon prior reforms, success in bringing reform to this vital such as the key legislation I signed in 1989 American industry. abolishing price controls on producers of I call upon Congress, particularly the natural gas. House of Representatives, to help us con- By reforming Federal regulation of the tinue this reform effort by quickly enacting pipelines that transport natural gas, FERC’s my national energy strategy legislation.

561 Apr. 8 / Administration of George Bush, 1992

Nomination of Kenton Wesley Keith To Be United States Ambassador to Qatar April 8, 1992

The President today announced his inten- mation Agency in Washington, DC, 1983– tion to nominate Kenton Wesley Keith, of 85; and Deputy Public Affairs Officer at the Missouri, to be Ambassador to the State of U.S. Embassy in Brasilia, Brazil, 1980–83. Qatar. He would succeed Mark Gregory From 1977 to 1980, he served as Special Hambley. Assistant to the Deputy Director of the U.S. Since 1988 Mr. Keith has served as the Information Agency. Public Affairs Counselor at the U.S. Em- Mr. Keith received a bachelor of arts de- bassy in Cairo, Egypt. Prior to this, he gree from the University of Kansas. He was served as a Senior Cultural Affairs Officer born November 12, 1939, in Kansas City, at the U.S. Embassy in Paris, France, 1985– MO. Mr. Keith served in the U.S. Navy 88; Deputy Director of Near East and for 4 years. He is married, has two children, South Asia Area Office for the U.S. Infor- and resides in Cairo, Egypt.

Nomination of Donald K. Petterson To Be United States Ambassador to Sudan April 8, 1992

The President today announced his inten- as Acting Deputy Assistant Secretary of tion to nominate Donald K. Petterson, of State for the Bureau of African Affairs, California, to be Ambassador to the Repub- 1990. He served as the U.S. Ambassador lic of the Sudan. He would succeed James to Tanzania, 1986–89; and the U.S. Ambas- Richard Cheek. sador to Somalia, 1978–82. Currently Ambassador Petterson is study- Ambassador Petterson graduated from the ing at the Foreign Service Institute in Ar- University of California at Santa Barbara lington, VA. Prior to this, Ambassador (B.A., 1956; M.A., 1960). He was born No- Petterson has served as Charge´ d’Affaires vember 17, 1930, in Huntington Park, CA. at the U.S. Embassy in Harare, Zimbabwe, Ambassador Petterson served in the U.S. 1990–91; Director of the Liberia Task Force Navy, 1948–52. He is married, has four chil- at the U.S. Department of State, 1990; and dren, and resides in Washington, DC.

Nomination of Hume Alexander Horan To Be United States Ambassador to Cote d’Ivoire April 8, 1992

The President today announced his inten- ciation in Washington, DC. From 1989 to tion to nominate Hume Alexander Horan, 1991, he served as Special Assistant to the of the District of Columbia, to be Ambas- Director General of the Foreign Service at sador to the Republic of Cote d’Ivoire. He the U.S. Department of State. Mr. Horan has would succeed Kenneth L. Brown. served as the U.S. Ambassador to Saudi Ara- Currently Mr. Horan serves as the presi- bia, 1987–88; Sudan, 1983–86; Equatorial dent of the American Foreign Service Asso- Guinea, 1980–82; and Cameroon, 1980–

562 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / Apr. 8

83. in Washington, DC. Mr. Horan served in Mr. Horan graduated from Harvard Col- the U.S. Army, 1954–56. He is married, has lege (A.B., 1958) and Harvard University three children, and resides in Washington, (A.M., 1963). He was born August 13, 1934, DC.

Appointment of Richard F. Phelps as Special Assistant to the Director of the Office of National Drug Control Policy April 8, 1992

The President today announced the ap- University of Pennsylvania. He has coau- pointment of Richard F. ‘‘Digger’’ Phelps thored two books, ‘‘A Coach’s World’’ and as Special Assistant to Gov. Bob Martinez, ‘‘Digger Phelps and Notre Dame Basket- Director of the Office of National Drug ball,’’ and most recently served as a com- Control Policy (ONDCP). In his role as mentator for CBS Sports. He serves on the Special Assistant, Mr. Phelps will serve as Board of Directors of the Commission on liaison between ONDCP and the Depart- National and Community Service; the U.S. ment of Justice in coordinating the newly Postal Service Citizen Stamp Advisory Com- expanded Operation ‘‘Weed and Seed’’ pro- mittee; the Logan Protective Service Board gram, a Presidential initiative focusing on for the Mentally Retarded and Develop- violent crime and neighborhood revitaliza- mentally Disabled of South Bend, IN; and tion. This is a newly created position. as a volunteer with the Special Olympics. For 20 years Mr. Phelps headed the Uni- Mr. Phelps graduated from Rider College versity of Notre Dame basketball program. in 1963 and was awarded an honorary doc- Prior to joining Notre Dame, Mr. Phelps torate of the arts degree by his alma mater was head basketball coach at Fordham Uni- in 1981. He was born July 4, 1941, in Bea- versity for one year. He also served as an con, NY. He is married, has three children, assistant coach at Rider College and the and resides in South Bend, IN.

Nomination of Daniel A. Sumner To Be an Assistant Secretary of Agriculture April 8, 1992

The President today announced his inten- ton, DC. Prior to this, he served as a profes- tion to nominate Daniel A. Sumner, of sor of agricultural economics in the depart- North Carolina, to be an Assistant Secretary ment of economics and business at North of Agriculture for Economics and a member Carolina State University, 1979–90. of the Board of Directors of the Commodity Dr. Sumner graduated from California Credit Corporation, succeeding Bruce L. State Polytechnic University (B.S., 1971); Gardner. Upon appointment as Assistant Michigan State University (M.A., 1973); and Secretary of Agriculture, he will be ap- the University of Chicago (M.A., 1977; pointed a member of the Board of Directors Ph.D., 1978). He was born December 5, of the Rural Telephone Bank. 1950, in Fairfield, CA. Dr. Sumner has two Currently Dr. Sumner serves as Acting children and resides in Alexandria, VA. Assistant Secretary for Economics and Dep- uty Assistant Secretary for Economics at the U.S. Department of Agriculture in Washing-

563 Apr. 8 / Administration of George Bush, 1992

Nomination of Christian R. Holmes IV To Be an Assistant Administrator of the Environmental Protection Agency April 8, 1992

The President today announced his inten- served as Deputy Assistant Administrator tion to nominate Christian R. Holmes IV, for Federal Facilities Enforcement, 1990– of California, to be Assistant Administrator 91. From 1989 to 1990, Mr. Holmes served for Administration and Resource Manage- as Principal Deputy Assistant Administrator ment at the Environmental Protection in the Office of Solid Waste and Emergency Agency, succeeding Charlie L. Grizzle; and Response at the Environmental Protection Chief Financial Officer for the Environ- Agency in Washington, DC. mental Protection Agency, a new position. Mr. Holmes graduated from Wesleyan Currently Mr. Holmes serves as Acting University (B.A., 1968). He was born Feb- Assistant Administrator in the Office of Ad- ruary 1, 1946, in Syracuse, NY. Mr. Holmes ministration and Resource Management at served in the U.S. Army Reserve, 1968–74. the Environmental Protection Agency in He is married, has two children, and resides Washington, DC. Prior to this, Mr. Holmes in Washington, DC.

Remarks to the American Society of Newspaper Editors April 9, 1992

The President. Thank you, Dave. And may 6 months alone we’ve recognized 18, in 6 I start by thanking the members of the months, 18 brandnew nations. The bulk of board and say to all the members of ASNE those nations, of course, are born of one I’m grateful for this return engagement, momentous event, the collapse of Soviet glad to participate in an annual event that communism. Washington looks forward to, this annual And today I want to talk to you all about conference. the most important foreign policy oppor- Even in the age of VCR’s and CNN, peo- tunity of our time, an opportunity that will ple who want to understand the times we affect the security and the future of every live in still, as Dave indicated in that sweet American, young and old, throughout this and short introduction, turn to the printed entire decade. The democratic revolutions word. underway in Russia, in Armenia, Ukraine, And today I want to share some serious and the other new nations of the old Soviet observations with you on events around the empire represent the best hope for real world. Look around the world today. Think peace in my lifetime. of the page-one stories of the past few years Shortly after taking office, I outlined a and our victory in the cold war, the collapse new American strategy in response to the of imperial communism, the liberation of changes underway in the Soviet Union and Kuwait. Think of the great revolutions of East and Central Europe. It was to move ’89 that brought down the Berlin Wall and beyond containment, to encourage reform, broke the chains of communism and to always support freedom for the captive brought a new world of freedom to Eastern nations of the East. And now, after dramatic Europe. And think of the role this Nation revolutions in Poland and Hungary and played in every one of these great triumphs, Czechoslovakia, revolutions that spread then the sacrifices we made, the sense of mission to Romania and Bulgaria and even Albania; that carried us through. after the unification of Germany in NATO; Each day brings new changes, new reali- after the demise of the one power, the ties, new hopes, new horizons. In the past U.S.S.R., that threatened our way of life,

564 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / Apr. 9 that mission has been fulfilled. The cold war have defeated imperial communism. is over. The specter of nuclear armageddon We’ve not yet won the victory for democ- has receded, and Soviet communism has racy, though. This democratic peace will not collapsed. And in its wake we find ourselves be easily won. The weight of history, 74 on the threshold of a new world of oppor- years of Communist misrule in the former tunity and peace. U.S.S.R., tells us that democracy and eco- But with the passing of the cold war, a nomic freedom will be years in the building. new order has yet to take its place. The America must, therefore, resolve that our opportunities, tremendous; they’re great. commitment be equally firm and lasting. But so, too, are the dangers. And so, we With this commitment, we have the chance stand at history’s hinge point. A new world to build a very different world, a world built beckons while the ghost of history stands on the common values of political and eco- in the shadows. nomic freedom between Russia and Amer- I want to outline today a new mission ica, between East and West and at long last, for American policy toward Russia and the a peace built on mutual trust, not on mutual other new nations of the old U.S.S.R. It’s terror. a mission that can advance our economic And today, we find ourselves in an almost and security interests while upholding the unimaginable world where democrats, not primacy of American values, values which, Communists, hold power in Moscow and as Lincoln said, are the ‘‘last, best hope of Kiev and Yerevan; a new world where a Earth.’’ new breed of leaders, Boris Yeltsin, Levon Americans have always responded best Ter-Petrosyan, Leonid Kravchuk, Askar when a new frontier beckoned. And I be- Akayev, among others, are pushing forward lieve that the next frontier for us, and for to reform. the generation that follows, is to secure a They seek to replace the rule of force democratic peace in Europe and the former with the rule of law. And they seek, for U.S.S.R. that will ensure a lasting peace for the first time in their countries’ histories, the United States of America. not to impose rule in the name of the peo- The democratic peace must be founded ple but to build governments of, by, and on twin pillars of political and economic for the people. And they seek a future of freedom. The success of reform in Russia free and open markets where economic and Ukraine, Armenia and Kazakhstan, rights rest in the hands of individuals, not Byelarus and the Baltics will be the single on the whims of the central planners. They best guarantee of our security, our prosper- seek partnerships. They seek alliances with ity, and our values. us. And they also seek an end to competi- After the long cold war, this much is tion and conflict. Our values are their val- clear: Democrats in the Kremlin can assure ues. And in this time of transition, they are our security in a way nuclear missiles never reaching out to us. They seek our help. And could. Much of my administration’s foreign if we’re to act, we must see clearly what policy has been dedicated to winning the is at stake. cold war peacefully. And the next 4 years Forty years ago, Americans had the vision must be dedicated to building a democratic and the good sense to help defeated en- peace, not simply for those of us who lived emies back to their feet as democracies. through the cold war and won it but for Well, what a wise investment that proved generations to come. to be. Those we helped became close allies From the first moments of the cold war, and major trading partners. Our choice our mission was containment, to use the today, just as clear: With our help, Russia, combined resources of the West to check Ukraine, other new States can become the expansion, the expansionist aims of the democratic friends and partners. And let me Soviet empire. It’s been my policy as Presi- say here, they will have our help. dent to move beyond containment, to use What difference can this make for Amer- the power of America and the West to end ica, you might ask. We can put behind us, the cold war with freedom’s victory. And for good, the nuclear confrontation that has today, we have reached a turning point. We held our very civilization hostage for over

565 Apr. 9 / Administration of George Bush, 1992 four decades. The threat of a major ground prosperity is great. Increased trade means war in Western Europe has disappeared vast new markets for American goods, new with the demise of the Warsaw Pact. A opportunities for American entrepreneurs, democratic Russia is the best guarantee new jobs for American workers. And I’m against a renewed danger of competition committed to giving American business and the threat of nuclear rivalry. every possible opportunity to compete fairly The failure of the democratic experiment and equally in these new markets. could bring a dark future, a return to For example, last week I asked the Con- authoritarianism or a descent into anarchy. gress to repeal the Stevenson and Byrd In either case, the outcome would threaten amendments that limit Export-Import our peace, our prosperity, and our security Bank’s ability to help promote American ex- for years to come. But we should focus not ports to the former U.S.S.R. And I’m on the dangers of failure but on the divi- pleased that Congress has acted. I’m also dends of success. seeking to conclude trade, bilateral invest- First, we can reap a genuine peace divi- ment, and tax treaties with each of the new dend this year and then year after year, in Commonwealth States. The first agreement the form of permanently reduced defense between the U.S. and Armenia was signed budgets. Already we’ve proposed $50 billion last week, and we expect a lot more to fol- worth of defense spending reductions below. tween now and 1997. Now, that cut comes Russian democracy is in America’s inter- on top of savings totaling $267 billion, more than a quarter of a trillion dollars in pro- est. It’s also in keeping with this Nation’s jected defense expenditures since the fall guiding ideals. Across the boundaries of lan- of the Berlin Wall. Make no mistake: I am guage and culture, across the cold war not going to make reckless defense cuts that chasm of mistrust, we feel the pull of com- impair our own fundamental national secu- mon values. And in the ordeal of long-suf- rity. fering peoples of the Soviet empire, we see Second, working with our Russian part- glimpses of this Nation’s past. In their hopes ners and our allies, we can create a new and dreams, we see our own. international landscape, a landscape where This is an article of the American creed: emerging threats are contained and undone, Freedom is not the special preserve of one where we work in concert to confront com- nation; it is the birthright of men and mon threats to our environment, where ter- women everywhere. And we have always rorists find no safe haven, and where genu- dreamed of the day democracy and freedom ine coalitions of like-minded countries re- will triumph in every corner of the world, spond to dangers and opportunities to- in every captive nation and closed society. gether. And this may never happen in our lifetime, And finally, third, the triumph of free but it can happen now for the millions of governments and free markets in the old people who for so long suffered under that Soviet Union will mean extensive opportuni- totalitarian Soviet rule. ties for global trade and economic growth. Some may say this view of the future is A democratic Russia, one dedicated to free a little unrealistic. Let me remind you that market economies, will provide an impetus three of our leading partners in helping de- for a major increase in global trade and in- mocracy succeed in Russia are none other vestment. The people of the former Soviet than Germany, Japan, and Italy. And if we Union are well-schooled and highly skilled. can now bring Russia into the community They seek for their families the same better of free nations who share American ideals, future each of us wishes for our own. And we will have redeemed hope in a century together, they form a potentially vast market that has known so much suffering. It is not that crosses 11 time zones and comprises inevitable, as de Tocqueville wrote, that nearly 300 million people. America and Russia were destined to strug- No economist can pinpoint the value of gle for global supremacy. De Tocqueville trade opportunities we hope to have. It’s only knew a despotic Russia, but we see impossible to compute, but the potential for and can help secure a democratic Russia.

566 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / Apr. 9

One of America’s greatest achievements ments in food distribution, energy, defense in this century has been our leadership of conversion, and democratization. a remarkable community of nations, the free I have sent Congress the ‘‘FREEDOM world. This community is democratic; it is Support Act,’’ a comprehensive and inte- stable; it’s prosperous, cooperative; it is grated legislative package that will provide independent. In America all of us are the new opportunities to support freedom and better for that. And we have strong allies. repeal all cold-war legislation. In its key fea- We have enormous trade, and we are safer tures this bill asks Congress to meet my as a result of our commitment to this free request for $620 million to fund technical world. And now, we must expand this most assistance projects in the former U.S.S.R. successful of communities to include our It urges Congress to increase the U.S. quota former adversaries. in the IMF, International Monetary Fund, Now, this is good for America. A world by $12 billion. And I pledge to work with that trades with us brings greater prosperity. the Congress on a bipartisan basis to pass A world that shares our values strengthens this act. And I want to sign this bill into the peace. This is the world that lies out law before my June summit with President there before us. This is the world that can Yeltsin here in Washington, DC. be achieved if we have the vision to reach Just as the rewards of this new world will for it. And this is the peace that we must belong to no one nation, so too the burden not lose. does not fall to America alone. Together And this is what we’re doing right now to win this peace. Strategically, we’re mov- with our allies, we’ve developed a $24 bil- ing with the Russians to reach historic nu- lion package of financial assistance. Its aim: clear reductions. We’ve urged speedy ratifi- to provide urgently needed support for cation of START and CFE. And we’re President Yeltsin’s reforms. working with all the new States to prevent And ours is a policy of collective engage- the spread of weapons of mass destruction. ment and shared responsibility. Working We are offering our help in safety, in nu- with the G–7, the IMF, and the World clear weapons safety, in security, and yes, Bank, we are seeking to help promote the in the dismantlement. And we’re engaged economic transformation so central to an in an intensive program of military-to-mili- enduring democratic peace. Forty-five years tary exchanges to strengthen the ties be- after their founding, the Bretton Woods in- tween our two militaries, indeed, to build stitutions we created after World War II unprecedented defense cooperation, co- are now serving their original purpose. By operation that would have simply been un- working with others we’re sharing the bur- thinkable a few short months ago. den responsibly and acting in the best inter- Politically, we’re reaching out so America ests of the American taxpayer. and American values will be well rep- I know that broad public support will be resented in these new lands. We are the critical to our effort to get this program only country with embassies in all of the passed. And so, let me say something to former republics. We’re planning to bring those who say, ‘‘Yes, the people of Russia, American houses and American expertise to and all across the old Soviet empire, are the former U.S.S.R., to send hundreds of struggling; yes, we want to see them suc- Peace Corps volunteers to help create small ceed, to join the democratic community. businesses, to launch major exchanges of But what about us? What about the chal- students, professionals, and scientists, so lenges and demands we must meet right that our people can establish the bonds so here in America? Isn’t it time we took care important to permanent peace. of our own?’’ And to them I would say this: Economically, working with the European Peace and prosperity are in the interest of Community and many other countries, we every American, each one of us alive today organized a global coalition to provide ur- and all the generations that will follow. As gently needed emergency food and medical a Nation, we spent more than $4 trillion to supplies this past winter. And now we will wage and win the cold war. Compared to send Americans to help promote improve- such monumental sacrifice, the costs of pro-

567 Apr. 9 / Administration of George Bush, 1992 moting democracy will be a fraction and the America, Russia, and the new nations of the consequences for our peace and prosperity former U.S.S.R. must become partners in beyond measure. America must take the peace. After a half-century of cold war and lead in creating this new world of peace. harsh words, we must speak and act on Three times this century, America has common values. After a half-century of been called on to help construct a lasting armed and uneasy peace, we must move peace in Europe. Seventy-five years ago this forward toward a new world of freedom, month, the United States entered World cooperation, reconciliation, and hope. War I to tip the balance against aggression. Thank you all very much for inviting me And yet, with the battle won, America with- here today. And may God bless the free drew across the ocean, and the ‘‘war to end peoples of the former Soviet empire, and all wars’’ produced a peace that did not last may God bless the United States of Amer- even a generation. Indeed, by the time I ica. Thank you very, very much. was born in 1924, the peace was already [At this point, the President answered ques- unraveling. Germany’s economic chaos soon led to what, to Fascist dictatorship. The tions from audience members.] seeds of another, more terrible war were Persian Gulf sown. And still, the isolationist impulse re- Q. [Inaudible] mained strong. Years later, as the Nazis The President. [Inaudible]—of the Gulf began their march across the Continent, I area. At that time not only the United States can still remember the editorials here in the but the United States and many of the Gulf United States talking about ‘‘Europe’s war,’’ countries, the GCC countries, felt that the as if America could close itself off, as if major threat to stability in the Gulf was we could isolate ourselves from the world from Iran. We did not want an Iran that beyond our shores. As a consequence, you would take over Iraq and then inexorably know the answer, we fought the most costly move south. So, there was a real logic for war in the history of man, a war that that. claimed the lives of countless millions. At Shelby [C. Shelby Coffey III, Los Angeles war’s end, once again we saw the prospect Times], I’m not going to, by my silence, of a new world on the horizon. But the acquiesce in all the charges that the ques- great victory over fascism quickly gave way tion included, but some of this was true. to the grim reality of a new Communist We did some business with Iraq, but I just threat. don’t want to sign off on each one of the We are fortunate that our postwar lead- allegations that some of these stories have ers, Democrats and Republicans alike, did contained. But this was our policy. not forget the lessons of the past in building And then we saw what Saddam Hussein the peace of the next four decades. They did after this war ended. We tried to bring shaped a coalition that kept America en- him into the family of nations through com- gaged, that kept the peace through the long merce, and we failed. And when he reached twilight struggle against Soviet communism. out to crush a neighboring country, we mo- And they taught the lesson that we simply bilized the best and most effective coalition, must heed today, that the noblest mission I think, that’s been seen in modern times. of the victor is to turn an enemy into a And the objective was to set back aggres- friend. sion. And now America faces a third oppor- The U.N. resolutions never called for the tunity to provide the kind of lasting peace elimination of Saddam Hussein. It never that for so long eluded us. At this defining called for taking the battle into downtown moment, I know where I stand. I stand for Baghdad. And we have a lot of revisionists American engagement in support of a who opposed me on the war now saying, democratic peace, a peace that can secure ‘‘How come you didn’t go into downtown for the next generation a world free from Baghdad and find Saddam Hussein and do war, free from conflict. him in?’’ We put together a coalition. We After a half-century of fear and mistrust, worked effectively with the coalition to ful-

568 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / Apr. 9 fill the aims of the United Nations resolu- Joint Chiefs, and said, ‘‘Mr. President, it’s tions. And we fulfilled those aims. We set our considered opinion that the war is over. back aggression. And as any one of our re- We have achieved our objectives, and we spected military leaders will tell you, we should stop.’’ And I said, ‘‘Do our com- have all but removed the threat of Saddam manders in the field feel that way?’’ And Hussein to his neighbors. he said, ‘‘Yes.’’ And I said, ‘‘Well, let’s Now, we are still concerned about him. doublecheck,’’ something to that effect. He There’s no question about that. And I am walked over to my desk—I was sitting on very much concerned, as he goes north of this end near the Stewart picture in the the 36th parallel the other day with air- Oval Office—picked up the secure phone, planes, as to what that means to the safety dialed a number, and talked to Norm of the Kurds. I am concerned about the Schwarzkopf out in the desert and said, Shiites in the south and to the southeast. ‘‘What do you think? The President has I was also concerned when I saw an Iranian asked me to doublecheck. We have incursion of the Iraq borders to go after achieved our objectives. We ought to stop.’’ those Shiites. We can’t condone that, as We agreed that we would stop at, I think much as we detest the regime of Saddam it was midnight that night, 100 hours after Hussein. the battle began. So we will—do I have regrets, was your And now we’re caught up in a real pecu- question? I guess if I had 90–90 hindsight liar election year. And you hear all kinds and any action that we might have taken of people, some of whom supported what beforehand would guarantee that Saddam I did, many of whom oppose it, now going Hussein did not move down into Kuwait, after this administration and our military for which he did, I’d certainly rethink our posi- stopping too soon. I don’t think that’s right. tion. But I can’t certify that by not helping Am I happy Saddam Hussein is still there? Iraq in the modest way we did, that that Absolutely not. Am I determined he’s going would have guaranteed that he would stay to live with these resolutions? Absolutely. within his confines, the confines of his own But we did the right thing. We did the hon- border. And I can’t say to you what would orable thing. And I have absolutely no re- have happened in terms of Iran’s aggres- grets about that part of it at all. sion. We are dealing with the facts as they Presidential Campaign came down the pike. And one of them was that he committed an aggression that mobi- Q. Mr. President, as you know, another lized the whole world against him. And he Texan is thinking about running for Presi- is going to remain isolated as long as I am dent in 1992. He’ll be joining us tomorrow President. He is going to live by those U.N. morning. As a matter of fact—— resolutions, and we are going to see that The President. Are you speaking about he complies with each and every one of Lloyd Bentsen? [Laughter] them, including the most dangerous area of Q. Let’s say two other Texans. all, the one where he is doing things he The President. Oh, I see. ought not to be doing in terms of missiles Q. Some might even think that Ross Perot and in terms of a nuclear capability. sounds a little more Texan than you do. So we’re not going to lighten up on it. My question would be, why do you think I think—oh, there’s one other point since he’s been as successful as he has in the you’ve given me such a wonderful opening, early going in gaining support? What impact Shelby. I read that General Norm do you think he might have in the general Schwarzkopf wanted to keep going after I election, particularly his possible ability to stopped the war. I will tell you unequivo- carry the State of Texas? And finally, do cally that that is simply totally untrue. you feel part of his appeal is based on his I sat in the Oval Office that fateful day— ability to connect with the average Amer- when you remember the turkey shoot along ican who wants to lift himself economically? the highway going north—and Colin Powell Is he better able to do that than you are? came to me, our respected Chairman of the The President. You know, I’m going to

569 Apr. 9 / Administration of George Bush, 1992 give you another question because I am not The President. My position has not going to do something now I’ve assiduously changed. I am pro-life. And I’m going to avoided all during the primary, going after stay with that position. In terms of the plat- anybody else, or quantify it in any way, that form, we have a platform committee that’s might run or is running. And I’m going to going to debate that. You mentioned inside stay with that ground rule right now. When the Republican Party, take a look at the the battle is joined and the conventions are State of Pennsylvania. This isn’t an issue over and the nominees are out there, I will that divides just Republicans; this is an issue happily answer your question for you. But that divides Democrats as well, if you look let him, Ross, make his determination. Let at the laws in the books and the position him do what the rest of us do, take our of the Governor of that State and other case to the American people. Let him enjoy States as well. the same scrutiny that I’ve had for, what, So each of us should say what we feel, 12 years at this relatively high level of Gov- fight for our views, and then we’ve got a ernment, Vice President and President. party platform process that will resolve that. But there’s no point in me trying to define his candidacy nor the candidacy of the Democrats that are left in the race on the Multilateral Trade Negotiations other side. What I’m trying to do, having gone into some of these primaries and Q. Mr. President, you have attended emerged, I think, as the nominee of our three economic summits since taking office party, is to lead this country, to talk about in which a very high priority was assigned these serious issues. to a new world trade agreement under You know, they say to me, as they say, GATT. Each time these deadlines have ‘‘How can you be the candidate of change? been broken; on Easter I think we’re going You’ve been in Washington all this time.’’ to have another deadline broken. And you I say we’re the ones that are trying to just spoke about a world in which we would change things, whether it’s education, trade with the Soviet Union or the former whether it’s tort reform, whether it’s in mat- Soviet Union. How can the Soviet Union ters of this nature that have to do with life really survive unless we get a world trade and death and peace and war. agreement? And so I’m going to keep on doing that The President. Well, I think they could now. And then, when the battle is joined survive, but they would survive much less and we get past the convention stage, I’ll well. And we are going to keep on working have plenty of comment to help you along for a successful conclusion of this Uruguay in assessing the opposition. But I really am round of GATT. The major stumbling block going to stay out of it now. And this isn’t has been agriculture. And we cannot have a new position. Just because I’m standing a satisfactory conclusion to the GATT round before a lot of editors, I think these travel- unless agriculture is addressed. That has ing White House press will tell you that’s been a particularly difficult problem for the way it’s been. France and a particularly difficult problem So, if you want another one that I can for Germany. answer, shoot. And we, as you know from following this, have said we will work with the Dunkel text. Abortion This is highly technical, but it spells out Q. Let me ask one other one then, Mr. some broad ground rules on agriculture. President. Abortion certainly continues to And we still have some problems other than be one of the hottest issues not only in the agriculture. United States but in the Republican Party. I am told that the EC leader, Delors, now Is it your preference that the GOP platform feels that we are very, very close on agri- in 1992 stay silent on that issue, come out culture. He’s coming here soon with Cavaco flatly against abortion, or support those Silva of Portugal, and we’re going to be sit- abortion rights activists who are inside the ting down in one of each—we have meet- GOP? ings twice a year. I will then be talking to

570 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / Apr. 9 him—I won’t be doing the negotiating—but Foreign Aid and Trade with our top negotiators and try to hammer Q. Mr. President, oddly enough part of out that agreement. your reply there dealt with my question. We still have some other problems, prop- You’ve given a good vision of our obligations erty rights and, you know, trademarks and to help redeem the emergent nations of the all this kind of thing. But I am more opti- former Soviet empire. But I wonder if any- mistic now. I asked Brent the other day, one’s paying much attention to our obliga- my trusted and able National Security Ad- tions to the truly hungry, starving nations viser, where do each of these deadlines that of the world. Patrick Buchanan wants to do you referred to come from? They keep away with all foreign aid as part of his, I coming. Well, we’d have a deadline, and guess, Judeo-Christian tradition platform, you’re right, somebody throws up a deadline forgetting the admonition that we bear one and says we’ve got to meet it by February, another’s burdens. Our foreign aid appro- we’ve got to do it by June. I don’t know priation has been about $18 billion a year. where the deadline comes from. But I do Almost half went to Middle East countries. know that it is in the interest of the free And our spending seems to me to be a dis- world, say nothing of the now-freeing world, graceful pittance in relation to the hunger the Soviet Union, the former Soviet Union, and the deprivation of the really deprived that we achieve this agreement. nations of the Third World. I wonder if you And one last point on the trade agree- think we should spend more to help the ment. Far better, far better than a foreign countries that have no influence, like Soma- aid program for the emerging democracies lia and Ethiopia and even Haiti, closer, of the Third World, Africa particularly, is where there are millions of children with a trade agreement. Far better than aid is swollen stomachs crying for aid still. Do you trade. And so we will keep on playing, I think we are spending enough for actual think, a very constructive role to achieve food and aid for the hungry countries of a conclusion of this. the Earth? And parenthetically, we are going to work The President. Not included in the figures you gave are other activities, such as the for the North American free trade agree- Peace Corps, such as some agricultural pro- ment. You know, we’re in a political year, grams; and such is clearly the most impor- some of you may know, and we’re getting tant—the benefit of trade that you referred shot at by various predictable organizations to in the first part. on the Mexican agreement. The Mexican Let me tell you something, it is going to agreement, in my view, will create jobs in be impossible to get anything through the the United States, will help the environ- Congress this year, in terms of foreign aid, ment. A country that’s doing better eco- beyond what we have suggested. We would nomically can do a lot more for its environ- be unrealistic to think that there might be ment than one that is kept down on the more. I’m not suggesting, though, that the ropes because we don’t have fair and free answer is to spend more money on it. I trade. think the trade initiative is important. I So we’re going to work to that end to think the position that our administration get a Mexican agreement along with the has taken in debt forgiveness has been tre- Uruguay round. And yes, all of that will mendously important to many of these benefit the emerging republics that I’ve emerging democracies in Africa and, in- been talking about here today. But I’m not deed, in this hemisphere. despairing about it. The point is, if we come Look at the basket case that was Argen- to some new deadline, we’re going to keep tina just a while back. And working with on pushing. But right now, it looks like we us, they are now on the move. They’ve may have a better chance than we’ve had come in, they’ve taken a very constructive in the last years of negotiation. approach to their economy. They are in the Q. Your office says one more question. debt forgiveness. We’ve worked out a deal, The President. Do they? Okay. they have, with the private financial institu-

571 Apr. 9 / Administration of George Bush, 1992 tions just very recently to lower their debt posing? We’re proposing that the entitle- burden. The Enterprise for the Americas ments not grow beyond inflation and popu- Initiative and the Brady plan are meaning- lation growth. That in itself will save literally ful. And the impoverished people in that billions, billions, many billions of dollars. country and in other countries in our hemi- So we’ve got to go forward with a sensible sphere are beginning to get a little break budget approach. Right now I’m battling here. against a Congress that wants to knock off So we’re in a realistic time. I will continue the one guarantee that the American tax- to push for the trade agreements. I will con- payer has on spending, and that is the caps tinue to do what I can in these debt-reduc- out of the nefarious 1990 budget agree- tion initiatives. And we’ll continue to sup- ment, the caps on discretionary spending. port foreign aid. And I think everybody here We’re getting into an election year so we’re who writes, understands that that is not nec- trying to hold the line on those caps. And essarily a popular position in an election I’m determined to do it, and I think we year or any other time. will prevail. But we are dealing also with a time when But what I’ll be doing is taking my case we must address ourselves, and are trying to the American people and say, yes, we’ve so to do, to our own problems at home. had some tough things. We’ve had banking And we are operating at enormous deficits problems that have cost the taxpayer enor- in a sluggish economy, it isn’t easy. And mously. We’ve had savings and loan prob- yet I want to not end here because we can lems that have cost the taxpayers enor- take a couple more. mously as we protect every single depositor. But I’m a little more optimistic on the But we’ve got to try to exert some fiscal economy. And I was very pleased today discipline on the system. And I’ll be ready when the Fed lowered its rates by another for the debate that will follow come fall be- quarter. That was instantly pretty well re- cause I think we’re on the right track with ceived in the market. Far be it for me to what I’ve just told you here. mention what levels markets should be at; Dave says I’m out of here. We’ll do one I learned that long ago by mistake, saying more, and then I’m gone. something that triggered—I don’t remem- Q. It’s your staff, Mr. President, who says ber how it worked—triggered a market re- you’re out of here. You can stay as long action. But I think the lowering of the rate as you want. by the Fed is a good thing, and I hope The President. I don’t want to be in trou- that it will guarantee that this fledgling re- ble with them. [Laughter] Let’s see what covery that we’re seeing will now be a little we’ve got here. more robust. Q. Mr. President, over here, sir. The President. Got you. Presidential Campaign Federal Budget Q. Mr. President, as you’ve astutely noted Q. The Government’s going in the hole for us today, we are in an election year. about a billion dollars a day right now. And The President. Thank you. [Laughter] what reason can you give the American peo- Q. And in 7 months, much to the chagrin ple for voting for 4 more years of the same of this group, many Americans will be de- kind of deficit spending? ciding their vote on the basis of television The President. I certainly don’t want them advertising. In 1988, many voters, most of to vote for 4 more years of deficit spending. us, were bombarded with what we would And I would like to get some changes in probably consider very negative television the United States Congress to guarantee advertising that attacked the reputation of against that. I would like to see them enact your opponent and seemed to pander to our budget that takes a major step towards some of the fears of our society. I guess my the containment of an area that is the main question to you as you look into this election area that’s causing the deficit, and that is year, do you plan to direct, encourage, or the entitlement area. And what are we pro- discourage your consultants from pursu-

572 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / Apr. 9 ing a similar negative ad campaign in 1992? I guess people maybe care whether the op- The President. Well, you asked me at a ponent drives a Mercedes. But I guess we time when this is in the heightened atten- get into discussions of other character tion of the American people, isn’t it? I look issues. I think that’s really where the—— across at the Democratic primary, and any- The President. Well, as I’ve said, I would thing that happened in 1988 is pale in com- like to see it on the issues and not on some parison to what’s going on there. We’ve of the sleaze questions. I’ve said that before, tried to have most of ours positive. and I’ll keep repeating that. I know that You may recall an ad we ran in Michigan we will try hard, but I also know that this that triggered the famous line I used at the is about the ugliest political year I’ve ever Gridiron Club, ‘‘Ich bin ein Mercedes seen already. And I don’t know what it’s owner.’’ [Laughter] But that is a negative going to hold, but I will try to keep my ad. Now, I don’t know whether you consider head up and try to do my job as President, that a turnoff or not, but just by the genesis and try to do it with a certain sense of de- of that ad came about that the opponent cency and honor. in this case was talking about protection and But we’ve seen it start off that way in jobs and American jobs and American work- the early primaries, and then something else ers and all of this, and he was driving a evolved for reasons I’m not quite sure I Mercedes. Nobody was pointing it out. A fully understand. But I don’t want to make lot of editors here—and I don’t remember you a firm statement because I don’t know a brutal revelation of this terribly important what’s negative and what’s not these days. fact. So we brought it out. If it’s just ripping down somebody’s char- Now, I don’t know if you consider that— acter or tearing them apart, I don’t want I don’t want to get into a debate since you to do that. If it’s factual and brings out might clearly win it—[laughter]—but is that something that hasn’t been brought out, I a negative ad or is that fair in the way— think that’s fair. And so we have to just everybody now that puts on the television use your judgment, I guess is the answer at least have a thing—and the newspapers, to that one. too—here’s why the ad was fair or unfair. Well, I guess I really do have to go. but I can’t remember what they said about that thank you all very, very much. I appreciate one. I think when you define a person on it. issues, that’s very, very important. I think some would consider it negative. But just Note: The President spoke at 1:53 p.m. at seriously on that one. Then I can maybe the J.W. Marriott Hotel. In his remarks, he answer your question a little better. referred to David Lawrence, Jr., president Q. I think what it does is set the tone. of the society.

Exchange With Reporters Prior to Discussions With President Violeta Chamorro of Nicaragua April 9, 1992

President Chamorro. It’s a wonderful to make it. He was down in Peru. He can visit. It always is, but I think we feel even tell us. He can tell us, yes. He’s coming more united now than ever. over. He’s going to wait for these cameras. President Bush. Well, I think so. President Chamorro. We always come to Manuel Noriega Verdict the United States feeling at home, just as Q. Mr. President, your reaction to the we are awaiting your visit in Nicaragua. Noriega verdict? President Bush. We weren’t sure our As- President Bush. Noriega was convicted, I sistant Secretary, Bernie Aronson, was going think, on 8 out of 10 counts. Well, I think

573 Apr. 9 / Administration of George Bush, 1992 it’s a major victory against the drug lords. the verdict, given the fact that it almost We’re going to continue the fight against ended in a mistrial? drugs in every way possible. But I think President Bush. No, because I’ve felt that it’s significant that he was accorded a free from what I understood that the case was and fair trial, and he was found guilty. And very solid. But I think it’s a good thing, I hope it sends a lesson to drug lords here and I think the main thing is it sends a and around the world that they’ll pay a price message to the drug lords that they are if they continue to poison the lives of our going to be brought to justice. And I salute kids in this country or anywhere else. And those countries that are waging a good fight so, in my view, the case was a solid case. against narcotics in their countries, and And I’ve not commented on it since it many in this hemisphere are doing just ex- began in the court, but now that he has actly that. been convicted I think it’s proper to say that justice has been served. British Elections Q. Was it worth invading Panama to get Q. Mr. President, have you heard from this verdict? John Major? President Bush. It was certainly worth President Bush. No, I haven’t. Any exit bringing him to justice. It’s certainly always polls here? They don’t start—we talked to worth it when you protect the lives of the—— American citizens. And when a part of the Mr. Scowcroft. They don’t cast anything result of that is democracy in a country, about exit polls until the polls close, which it makes it doubly worth it. But yes, I’m is 5 p.m. our time. glad he’s out. President Bush. Ten p.m. their time, yes. Q. Are you sorry things are not better They stay open late over there. Big British for the Panamanians these days? election, as you know. President Bush. I wish things were better Okay, you guys, you’re out of here. for the Americans, for the Panamanians, for the Nicaraguans, and for everybody. But Note: The exchange began at 3:13 p.m. in we’re going to continue to work to see that the Oval Office at the White House. Presi- that is true. dent Chamorro spoke in Spanish, and her Q. Mr. President, are you surprised by remarks were translated by an interpreter.

Statement by Deputy Press Secretary Smith on the President’s Meeting With President Violeta Chamorro of Nicaragua April 9, 1992

The President met this afternoon with dent for the generous assistance to her President Violeta Chamorro of Nicaragua. country from the United States, including President Bush congratulated her on the substantial debt relief. She indicated that success of her economic reform program Nicaragua is committed to a strong eco- and her efforts to bring all Nicaraguans to- nomic stabilization program that will set the gether in national reconciliation. The Presi- stage for economic growth. She also out- dent reiterated his full support for President lined her plans for reforming the police and Chamorro’s efforts to strengthen democracy resolving the problems surrounding prop- in her country. erty rights in her country. President Chamorro thanked the Presi-

574 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / Apr. 9

Statement on Reform of the Drug Approval Process April 9, 1992

I am pleased to announce that, as part tive by allowing them to cut years off the of the administration’s ongoing efforts to re- drug development process. duce unnecessary regulatory burdens, the These are the first steps toward achieving Food and Drug Administration is today im- the administration’s goal of reducing by plementing important reforms to the drug about 40 percent the average amount of approval process. time it takes to bring new drugs to market. The reforms announced today could ulti- Today’s announcement is the outgrowth mately save millions of lives by giving pa- of an initiative I began in 1988 as Chairman tients, including those suffering from such of President Reagan’s Task Force on Regu- debilitating diseases as cancer, AIDS, and latory Relief. I commend the Council on Alzheimer’s, earlier access to promising new Competitiveness and the Department of drugs. The reforms will also make American Health and Human Services for bringing pharmaceutical companies more competi- this initiative to fruition.

Letter to Congressional Leaders Transmitting the Report on Soviet Noncompliance With Arms Control Agreements April 9, 1992

Dear Mr. Speaker: (Dear Mr. President:) For our part, the United States will con- Enclosed are classified and unclassified tinue to expect scrupulous compliance with copies of the annual Report on Soviet Non- all arms control obligations. Such compli- compliance with Arms Control Agreements. ance is especially important as we build new Last year the Soviet Union ended and we and better relations and as conventional and have every reason to hope that this will lead nuclear forces are dismantled. to a new era of compliance with arms con- Sincerely, trol agreements. The report I am forward- ing covers actions taken in 1991 by the GEORGE BUSH former Soviet Union, not the newly independent states which have succeeded it. We Note: Identical letters were sent to Thomas have already seen an improvement in the S. Foley, Speaker of the House of Represent- willingness of these new governments to ad- atives, and Dan Quayle, President of the here to arms control obligations. Senate.

Message to the Congress Transmitting the Report on Federal Advisory Committees April 9, 1992

To the Congress of the United States: Federal Advisory Committees for fiscal year In accordance with the requirements of 1991. section 6(c) of the Federal Advisory Com- GEORGE BUSH mittee Act, as amended (Public Law 92– 463; 5 U.S.C. App. 2, sec. 6(c)), I hereby The White House, transmit the Twentieth Annual Report on April 9, 1992.

575 Apr. 9 / Administration of George Bush, 1992

Message to the Congress Transmitting Proposed Legislation on Accountability in Government April 9, 1992

To the Congress of the United States: are Title VI of the Ethics in Government I am pleased to transmit today for your Act, conflicts of interest laws, the Hatch immediate consideration and enactment the Act, the Freedom of Information Act, and ‘‘Accountability in Government Act of the Privacy Act. The scope of this proposal 1992.’’ has been carefully tailored to take into ac- The legislation would extend to the Con- count the unique characteristics of the Con- gress and the White House the relevant gress and its Members. Moreover, none of portions of five laws that apply to the pri- the provisions of this legislation except those vate sector. The laws in question are the implicating criminal penalties calls for exec- Fair Labor Standards Act of 1938 (mini- utive branch enforcement. Rather, all are mum wage law), the Civil Rights Act of to be enforced either by private suit, entities 1964, the Age Discrimination in Employ- within the General Accounting Office (an ment Act of 1967, the Rehabilitation Act instrumentality of the legislative branch), or of 1973, and the damages remedy created both. This legislation therefore does not by the Civil Rights Act of 1991. The pro- present the constitutional separation-of- posal also makes available the remedies cur- powers questions that might be presented rently available to other employees for viola- by general executive branch administration tions of these laws, rather than special re- of laws applied to the legislative branch. medial schemes based entirely or in large I urge the Congress to give this legislation part on internal congressional grievance prompt and favorable consideration. mechanisms. The legislation would also extend to the GEORGE BUSH analogous portions of Congress five laws that presently apply to various portions of The White House, the executive branch. The laws in question April 9, 1992.

Nomination of Jerome H. Powell To Be an Under Secretary of the Treasury April 9, 1992

The President today announced his inten- an attorney with the firm of Werbel & tion to nominate Jerome H. Powell, of New McMillen, 1983–84; and as an attorney with York, to be an Under Secretary of the the firm of Davis Polk & Wardwell, 1981– Treasury. He would succeed Robert R. 83. Glauber. Mr. Powell graduated from Princeton Currently Mr. Powell serves as Assistant University (B.A., 1975) and Georgetown Secretary of the Treasury for Domestic Fi- University Law Center (J.D., 1979). He was nance at the U.S. Department of the Treas- born February 4, 1953, in Washington, DC. ury in Washington, DC. Prior to this, he Mr. Powell is married, has two children, and served as senior vice president with Dillon, resides in Chevy Chase, MD. Read & Company, Inc., 1984–90; and as

576 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / Apr. 10

Nomination of Timothy E. Flanigan To Be an Assistant Attorney General April 9, 1992

The President today announced his inten- 1990–91. He served with the law firm of tion to nominate Timothy E. Flanigan, of Milbank, Tweed, Hadley & McCloy in Virginia, to be an Assistant Attorney Gen- Washington, DC, 1988–90; and the law firm eral in the Office of Legal Counsel. He of Shearman & Sterling, 1986–88. would succeed J. Michael Luttig. Mr. Flanigan graduated from Brigham Currently Mr. Flanigan serves as Acting Young University (B.A., 1976) and the Uni- Assistant Attorney General in the Office of versity of Virginia (J.D., 1981). He was born Legal Counsel at the Department of Justice. May 16, 1953, in Fort Belvoir, VA. Mr. Prior to this, he served as Principal Deputy Flanigan is married, has 12 children, and Assistant Attorney General in the Office of resides in Great Falls, VA. Legal Counsel at the Department of Justice,

Nomination of John Cunningham Dugan To Be an Assistant Secretary of the Treasury April 9, 1992

The President today announced his inten- Dugan served as Minority General Counsel tion to nominate John Cunningham Dugan, to the Senate Committee on Banking, of the District of Columbia, to be an Assist- Housing, and Urban Affairs. ant Secretary of the Treasury for Domestic Mr. Dugan graduated from the University Finance. He would succeed Jerome H. of Michigan (B.A., 1977) and Harvard Law Powell. School (J.D., 1981). He was born June 3, Currently Mr. Dugan serves as Deputy 1955, in Washington, DC. Mr. Dugan is Assistant Secretary for Financial Institutions married, has one child, and resides in Wash- at the U.S. Department of Treasury in ington, DC. Washington, DC. From 1987 to 1989, Mr.

Exchange With Reporters Prior to a Meeting on Welfare Reform April 10, 1992

Welfare Reform taking will facilitate the implementation of The President. Photo opportunity here on your plan. It’ll be a good example for the welfare reform. We’re delighted to have the rest of the country. We can all learn from Governor here—the leadership that he dis- that; all the States can learn from it. So we’re glad you’re here. plays in reform and welfare. And we are Q. Do you expect to have a Federal plan, glad that this administration is also taking Mr. President, changes? a leadership role and making it easier, The President. Well, I think the main Tommy, for States like yours to innovate thing here which we’re doing at this junc- and help people get off the dependency of ture is to facilitate innovation by the States. welfare. And we respect you for what you’re In a sense, they’re laboratories, but they’re doing, and I’m glad that this action we’re also on the firing line. This Governor has

577 Apr. 10 / Administration of George Bush, 1992 been way out front in innovation with in him. If he thinks it’s smart, that would Learnfare, Workfare, encouraging education be very persuasive with me. I can’t say I to break the cycle of dependency. So we know every detail of his plan. will have more to say on the Federal role British Elections later, but the thing for the moment is, speed up the relief that’s necessary so these States Q. Were you pleased with Mr. Major’s can put into effect the kind of programs victory? they think will work. These States aren’t all The President. It was substantial, and it the same. Welfare problems in Milwaukee was wonderful. And I’ll have more to say are quite different than those in Juneau, to you all later about that. I plan to meet Alaska, for example, or in California some- with you a little more formally in something place. So this is a good step, and I’m very other than a photo op. proud of Governor Thompson for his lead- Q. Any parallel—— ership. The President. So get your questions Q. The Wisconsin plan penalizes women ready. [Laughter] who have more than one child out of wed- Q. Today? lock. Is that the kind of concept, Mr. Presi- Q. Before you leave? Is that when we’re dent, that you would support? going to have something? The President. I’m very interested in the The President. No. We’ll do something, innovation of the Wisconsin plan. I want I think, in the press room. to see how it works. The Governor can de- Q. What time? fend or criticize any aspect of his own plan The President. Well, we’re working on he wants. The Federal role is to encourage that now. We have a lot to discuss. these Governors to do exactly what this Governor has done. Note: The exchange began at 9:40 a.m. in Q. But do you endorse that? Is that why the Oval Office at the White House, prior you’re giving—— to a meeting with Secretary of Health and The President. I’m not going into it point Human Services Louis W. Sullivan and Gov. by point. I’m sure I have great confidence Tommy Thompson of Wisconsin.

Statement on Wisconsin Welfare Reform April 10, 1992

Last week in Philadelphia, I called for what underlies Wisconsin’s ‘‘Parental and sweeping reform of how Government works. Family Responsibility Project.’’ Nowhere is this need more apparent than I am committed to facilitating welfare rein our Nation’s welfare system. Our current form by accelerating the approval process system allows welfare to be a way of life. for every State with a worthy proposal that We must try new ways to get welfare to asks our help. Today, I am pleased to make yield to work. good on my promise. Wisconsin’s ‘‘Parental In our Federal system, States often act and Family Responsibility Project’’ has been as laboratories for innovation. Welfare re- approved 4 weeks after it was submitted. form is an example. I am renewing my call Wisconsin is at the forefront of the wel- to States to come forward with reforms fare reform movement. Governor Tommy which, like Wisconsin’s, replace the assump- Thompson is a leader in the process of re- tions of our current welfare system. We form that will make welfare work. need to explore new incentives for welfare recipients to work and act responsibly in the best interest of their families. That is

578 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / Apr. 10

The President’s News Conference April 10, 1992

The President. We were able to take sev- peace in the new nations of the old Soviet eral steps this week towards my efforts to Union. Along with our allies, we are com- address the challenges facing this country, mitted to assisting the C.I.S. States during towards the kind of fundamental reform this time of transition. And we’re pleased that the people of America want and de- with the bipartisan support that we have serve. been receiving for our plan. Let me say to Last Friday I spoke in Philadelphia about the American people: Peace and prosperity critical reforms that will help get the Gov- are in the interest of every American, and ernment reformed and moving. And last democracy inside the Kremlin is the best night I transmitted to Congress the ‘‘Ac- way to assure our security in the decades countability in Government Act of 1992,’’ to come. legislation that would extend to the Con- I talked this morning with President gress and the White House relevant por- Kravchuk of Ukraine. And we discussed a tions of laws that now apply to the private number of issues that I had focused on in sector. And it will also extend to appropriate yesterday’s speech, and I reiterated our sup- portions of Congress certain laws that pres- port for Ukraine’s efforts towards economic ently apply only to the executive branch. reform and building a lasting democracy. This morning I met with Secretary Sulli- He told me that he had had good talks as van of HHS and Wisconsin’s Governor recently as today with President Yeltsin as Tommy Thompson. Twenty-four days ago, it related to the nuclear question and the Governor Thompson requested a Federal fleet question and other questions we’ve waiver to go forward with genuine welfare been reading about. reform. And today, I granted the waiver re- I just now concluded a meeting with lief that will allow Wisconsin to move ahead ˘ on its bold new strategy to reform that Prime Minister Calfa of Czechoslovakia, had State’s welfare system. an opportunity to assure him that what we Along with reform of the Government, I’ll are trying to do in the C.I.S. in no way continue to push for the changes necessary diminishes our interest in Eastern Europe to fight for American jobs at home by ex- and in Czechoslovakia particularly. panding markets abroad, to better educate Also yesterday, Manuel Noriega was our children, fighting for America 2000, to found guilty of drug trafficking. The Oper- reform a legal system that is drowning us ation Just Cause enabled justice to be in a sea of litigation, and to provide all served, American lives were protected, and Americans with access to quality health it helped Panama set out on a new demo- care. As you know, yesterday the Vice Presi- cratic course. Panama is on the mend with dent announced regulatory reforms to speed encouraging economic growth rates, a re- up the availability of new drugs for long- duction in drug-trafficking, and a new com- term illnesses such as cancer and AIDS and mitment to democracy. Alzheimer’s. In Great Britain, John Major won a par- Also yesterday I was very pleased to see liamentary election. I spoke with him earlier the Fed’s action in lowering the key short- today, not so long ago, and I look forward term interest rate by a quarter of a point. to a continued close working relationship And I applauded the action of the Fed, and with a good friend and ally. John Major has I believe the economy has been improving been a key partner in our efforts to encour- and that this action should help that image democratic reform in the former Soviet provement along. Union and to ensure global economic This has also been a very busy week on growth. I congratulate him on a sterling the international front. My speech yesterday win. And I will be seeing him and the other described our commitment to a democratic G–7 leaders in Munich in July.

579 Apr. 10 / Administration of George Bush, 1992

Finally, we welcome signs of progress in not nationalize or socialize the medical sys- Afghanistan. The U.N. Secretary-General, tem in this country. And we have proposals Boutros-Ghali, has announced an impartial before the Congress in my budget right now transition that will lead to an interim gov- that would contain the growth of some of ernment. We’ve long supported a political the expenses of Medicare and Medicaid. So settlement in Afghanistan, and we view this we’ll see how that goes as it’s considered negotiating process as a result of our sus- by the Congress. tained support to end more than a decade But if you’re asking me, do I believe a of war by securing Afghans’ self-determina- health care program, given the political nation. ture of this year, can get through this year, So we’ve had a busy week. It’s been a I’d have to agree with many of the Demo- good week. Progress, I think, has been cratic leaders that it’s unlikely. made on both the domestic and the foreign Q. I’m asking you why you have not pin- front. And I might say that I do not want pointed a way to finance it. to just add to this—that on the foreign front The President. I think we have pinpointed we had a good visit yesterday with President it. And I would refer you to the OMB Di- Violeta Chamorro of Nicaragua. And I’ve rector. One of the ways to do it would be had talks this week with Carlos Andre´s to help by $20 billion by passing our reform Pe´rez of Venezuela, seeing what we can do, of liability. And everybody knows the liabil- working together, to address ourselves to ity claims are extravagant, and it raised the other problems in this hemisphere. cost exponentially. And so we’ve got to do So now, on with the questions and, Helen something about that. And I also know that [Helen Thomas, United Press Inter- our budget calls for capping the growth, national]. adding for population and new people, of Health Care the mandated spending. Therein lies a lot of the financing. So it’s up there, not en- Q. Mr. President, you got a wake-up call tirely, I’ll admit that, but quite a bit of it. from some 36 million people several months ago who are deprived of health insurance. Now we understand that you have ruled out Social Security any comprehensive health care legislation Q. Mr. President, the House has passed this year because of the congressional ses- a Social Security bill that would double the sion ending and the fact that you don’t want amount of income recipients could earn be- to make any mistakes and you have not pre- fore their benefits are cut back. It’s esti- sented a way to finance it. What does this mated that this will cost about $7 billion say about your leadership and your really over 5 years. Some Republicans think that caring about these people? this is a pandering to voters. What’s your The President. It says we are on the right view of this bill, and would you sign it? track. The question, if you couldn’t hear it, The President. We’ve long favored an in- relates to health insurance. We’ve got a crease in the Social Security earnings test. good health insurance proposal. We are put- And we proposed, Dick Darman reminded ting the finishing touches to it. And if I me, a modest increase in the budget that had reason to believe it would sail through I submitted to the Congress in January. this contentious Congress, I’d like to see That proposal also, though, did meet the it done. terms of the Budget Enforcement Act. The problem we’ve got is, you have two Unfortunately, the House action violates other plans out there. One is, in my view, the Budget Act and does increase the defi- for pure nationalized health care, which I cit. So the matter is not settled yet in Con- will strongly oppose, and the other is this gress. The House has one approach, the so-called ‘‘pay or play’’ that would break Senate another. And we are going to be what remains in the bank. And so we’ve working to increase the earnings test while got to work this through the system. But also protecting the integrity of the Social in the meantime, we have a proposal that Security Trust Fund and avoiding a massive I think is a very good one. It will retain increase in the deficit. And so we are com- the quality of U.S. health care, but it will mitted to the higher earnings test, but we

580 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / Apr. 10 are also committed to trying to hold the The President. Education, I think would line on the deficit. So we’ve got to see, be it. Terry [Terence Hunt, Associated Press], Q. Well, I’m talking about the newer ones what comes out of the negotiations between you’ve begun to lay out in the last week. House and Senate on this, working for those The President. Well, I’ve been talking two ends. about a bunch of them, but there are so Q. Well, the Senate bill would do away many of them. You know, I’m for all of with the earnings test entirely. So that goes them. I’m for reform in the Congress. I’m a lot further than the House—— for reform of the crime—I’d like to get our The President. A lot further. crime bill through, which would help enor- Q. Yes. So if you have to choose between mously with civil tranquility. It’s hard to those two—— separate them out. The President. So we’ll have to see what One of the other goals is international we can do, and then I’ll make up my mind. trade. That means opening other markets But we’ll be presenting our views with these and concluding successfully the NAFTA two premises in mind. We’ll just have to agreement and the GATT round. I cannot see how it works. single them out for you or put numbers on each one. They’re all very, very impor- Domestic Policy Goals tant. Q. Mr. President, in a second term, what Reform of the Congress, reform of the single domestic policy goal would you most system, I think it’s time to take a real hard want to achieve? look. And I’m for term limitations, for ex- The President. Single goal? Oh, there are ample. I’d like to see Congress much more several goals, and I’ve been spelling them responsive. People say, ‘‘Hey, how come the all out. I think education reform certainly Presidency is limited and nobody else, none would be right up at the top of that, achiev- of the terms of the Congress?’’ Well, let’s ing our goals for education by the year take a look at that. 2000. Because that would render us much more competitive internationally, which gets Peru you over into the economic side of things, Q. Mr. President, just how concerned are and it will lift a lot of kids out of this impov- you by developments in Peru, and would erished area, the impoverished state they’re you favor some outside pressure to try to in, give them an opportunity at the Amer- restore democracy? ican dream. The President. The answer is, very con- It is awfully hard to single out one area, cerned. And yes, I’d favor some outside however. I’d like to be also in the same pressure. And we are looking with interest mode of trying to be sure this economy to the OAS meeting that’s coming up next keeps moving and keeps strong, and you week. I’ve been talking to leaders. I men- can’t do that if we continue to add to the tioned Carlos Andre´s Pe´rez, and I did not deficit. We’re spending too much, and Gov- mention Carlos Menem of Argentina to ernment’s too big. So we’re going to try whom I talked at length yesterday on this to do something about that. But if you had very question. to single out one, education covers so many We cannot sit by without registering our of these fields; and our goals, to achieve strong disapproval about the aborting of de- those goals, cover more because I’m talking mocracy in Peru. And so we want it re- about—one of them is being ready to learn, stored. And yes, outside pressure will be and that’s Head Start. Another one is a mobilized in the OAS, plus maybe a follow- place where you can learn; that means drug- on mission from the OAS would be a clear free schools. So when I talk about edu- and productive step. cation, I’m talking about all of these things. Q. Sir, would you consider sanctions, Q. You’ve now articulated or begun to then, as one form? articulate a kind of a welter of programs The President. As I say, we’re going to be to achieve various reforms. Which of those talking to others about that. But yes, we do you most want? considered sanctions in our efforts to try to

581 Apr. 10 / Administration of George Bush, 1992 restore democracy to Haiti when their proc- of you never discussed this? ess was frustrated, and certainly we’d con- The President. Next question. sider. Q. I don’t want to step on my colleague’s—— Media Coverage The President. He’s finished. [Laughter] Q. Sir, we understand that you’re un- Not forever, but just for this followup. Not happy with some of the news coverage John. you’re getting. You’re unhappy about the Q. I may be finished, too. stories about George W. Bush contacting The President. Yes. White House aides, Mr. Skinner and others, and urging them perhaps to do a better job, Welfare Reform to be more coordinated. We also under- Q. Why, sir, why has it taken 3 years for stand, however, that you’re unhappy your- you to get interested in welfare reform or self with the support you’re getting. You’re at least to make it a priority? I had not unhappy with the stories about the disarray, heard you speak of welfare reform until—— but isn’t there some disarray? We under- The President. We probably should have stand you’re complaining about disarray been speaking of it sooner. I think we’ve yourself. been encouraging the States to come for- The President. No. And I’m not unhappy ward with their programs. But it is a matter about stories that are true. I read one today that’s come to a head. It’s a matter where about my son George that isn’t true. And I’ve become convinced that speeding up the so I’m glad to have that out there. It simply waiver process is very important. These is not true. To suggest that Jim Baker and waivers, this waiver was received from Wis- I were working to get George up here for consin 24 days ago. And it’s now been ap- a week is ridiculous. When George comes proved in record time. here, of course he goes to the campaign Q. Is that your idea of leadership, though, and talks to people here. But this isn’t some to simply say the States should go ahead manifestation of dissatisfaction. And if I and do their thing? were dissatisfied, you’d know about it loud The President. My idea of leadership is and clear. I’m happy about it, and I know to, yes, to have the States be the labora- that many have to make a living by making tories for innovation. And you see, there’s these inside stories—inside, day-in, who’s where I differ with some up in the Congress up, who’s down, who’s winning, who’s los- who think the only way to do it is to have ing. And it’s ridiculous. the Federal Government put mandates on But the trouble is, nobody cares about the States. I am not in favor of mandates. it out around the country, although we I’m in favor of encouraging the States to thrive on it inside the beltway. But John innovate, to be creative, whether it’s in edu- [John Cochran, NBC News], you’ve asked cation, whether it’s in welfare reform. And about it. If you’d tell me the name of the that has been our philosophy since I’ve author and which story you’re referring to, been President, and I believe it was Presi- I’ll tell you whether it’s true or not. If, by dent Reagan’s philosophy. But do we need chance, you’re talking about one that was to do more in encouraging this kind of inno- on the front page of the New York Times vation in welfare? Yes, and I’ll be doing today, regrettably, it was not true. more about it. Q. Can I just follow up on that? Q. Could you answer the concern about The President. You can follow it. the Wisconsin plan that by eliminating the Q. Are you saying that Jim Baker is en- increase in benefits when women have more tirely happy with the way your campaign’s children, that in fact this might encourage being run? abortions? The President. I have no idea whether The President. I haven’t heard that allega- he’s entirely happy. What I’m saying is the tion about the Wisconsin plan. My—saying allegations in that story are not true. is to let them try it. The Wisconsin Legisla- Next question. ture has passed a plan. Let them try it and Q. You haven’t discussed this? The two see if it works to strengthen families and to

582 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / Apr. 10 break the cycle of dependency on welfare. country and ask the doctors or the Little And we sit here in Washington, DC, some League people or people in the community, with the view that we’ve got all the answers ‘‘What’s bothering you?’’ And they’ll tell back here, particularly in the Congress. And you, ‘‘These outrageous lawsuits.’’ And I that’s not true. So I support the Governor haven’t been able to get the liability reform in his, and the legislature there, Democrat legislation even considered. So I’m going to and Republican, in their efforts to reform take my case to the American people, and their welfare system. let the Democratic nominee say whether he’s for it or not. And if he’s for it, that’ll Presidential Campaign help encourage the Congress, Democrat or Q. Mr. President, 47 Members of the Republican. But right now it’s locked in a House have decided to retire, about 8 Sen- trial lawyers benefit program up there, and ators, including your friend in New Hamp- we can’t get anything done. That’s the good shire, Warren Rudman, who said Washing- thing about the election year. And that’s one ton has become a place increasingly partisan of the changes I want to see that will make where fundamental issues are not being ad- life better for people. And that’s another dressed. Many of the things that you talked reason I’d like to be here. There’s plenty about in your answer to Brit’s [Brit Hume, of reasons. ABC News] questions are goals of the first administration that aren’t going to get Education through Congress. My question to you is, Q. If I could follow up. You wanted to why do you want to be President again? be the education President. That was one And what possibility do you see of changing of your campaign themes in your first elec- the gridlock that is in Washington today? tion. The President. I’m very optimistic about The President. Yes. change now. Why do I want to be President Q. That hasn’t happened. In many cases again? I want to enhance world peace and throughout the last 3 years, you’ve offered democracy around the world. And I want the argument, ‘‘Give our program a shot.’’ to improve the lives of people here at home That hasn’t happened. What can you do dif- through making our cities safer by doing ferently in 4 more years? better in the fight against crime, by a better The President. Get more Republicans in education program. And I am optimistic there and more sensible Democrats that will about getting it through once I take my case vote for what we want. And I’ll beg to differ in the fall to the American people. with you, a lot has happened in education. Susan [Susan Spencer, CBS News] asked For the first time we have national edu- about now—obviously elections bring for- cation goals, arrived at in a bipartisan or ward issues, put them right out there on nonpartisan fashion. That is good. That is the front burner for much more lively de- progress. And we’re making progress out in bate than even between the Executive and the communities where we don’t need legis- the Congress during off years. And so I lation. I will differ with you on your ques- think people want change. They recognize tion. There are 43 States that have become that one party has controlled the Congress America 2000 States, where they embrace most of the last 55 years; one body of Con- not only the goals of our program but have gress for, I think, the last 52, whatever it started implementing it where you don’t is. And they want fundamental change. And need legislation from Washington to do it. I think I know the direction that they want Now that is progress in education. And to see things change. we’re going to keep on until we get a much So I am optimistic. I’m not discouraged better educated populace. when the Congress is going through this Q. Does that mean you feel you have to trauma up there. I think we can then say, work around Congress now? ‘‘Now look, give us a shot. Bring some of The President. It means I’ve got to get our legislation up for a vote.’’ some changes in Congress. That’s why I’m Brit asked me about reform, liability re- talking about change. But, for the people form. You go to any community in this that aren’t in the Congress, we’re making

583 Apr. 10 / Administration of George Bush, 1992 some real progress under Democratic Gov- But my answer is, if I were unhappy ernors, Republican Governors, commu- about it, you’d know about it. I think our nities. Take a look at what is happening out new team is doing a good job. But every there, and please don’t judge it all just by day, I pick up the paper and read it, telling the turmoil in Washington on the Hill. the American people how they think I feel Q. Mr. President, I’m sure you know the about something. I wish you could help me computer term ‘‘garbage in, garbage out.’’ with putting a name next to the sources You have suggested more testing of Ameri- in a few more of your stories. I don’t want ca’s schoolchildren, testing the product to go into this at every press conference, coming out. Would you, like Governor Clin- but you ask me to respond to questions, ton, support testing the teaching force? and yet you don’t help me by telling me The President. I don’t know anything where it’s coming from. So look, I am not about that one, but I’d certainly be open unhappy about all of this. to consider it. Governor Clinton has sup- Please believe me, what I get upset about ported the America 2000 objectives. Testing is when I read something that I know factu- teachers isn’t a part of it, but—— ally is not true. That troubles me a little Q. Well, it was in Arkansas, sir. It was bit. in an education bill in Arkansas. Presidential Campaign The President. I didn’t realize that. Q. And you might see that as Q. The Democratic race is settling down something—— now and you mentioned Governor Clinton The President. Well, I’ll take a look at a few moments ago. At this point, what’s it. I’ll talk to Lamar Alexander, our Sec- your assessment of him? retary of Education. It’s not one of our six The President. I’m not going to assess it education goals worked out in a bipartisan for you. fashion with the Governors, but we’ll take Q. Is he going to be as easy—— The President. Give you another question, a look. and I’ll tell you what: I am not going to Media Coverage comment until I get ready on the opposition—the independents, the Republican, or Q. Mr. President, I know you had some the Democrats—until the nominating proc- comments about what your son might or ess is entirely over. might not have done, but there are many I think you’ll have to concede I’ve been people who are very loyal to you in this reasonably good about that so far. I got a White House who feel that you’re not get- question at the newspaper editors yesterday, ting the best break in organization and and I said, ‘‘Please take another question structure and that there’s a lot of planning because I am not going to start doing that going on and not a whole lot of action. I now, which I just don’t feel comfortable wonder if you feel that way—— doing.’’ I’ve spelled out here what we’re try- The President. No. ing to do. I’m very pleased about some of Q. ——and why there is such a commu- the progress we’re making, and to go off nication gap that they are worried for you. and start kind of assessing polls or talking The President. I don’t know who they are. about some opponent, we’ll have plenty of If you sometimes would write a story and time for that. put a name next to the source, it would help me answer a question like that. But Abuse of Privileges most of the time, Frank [Frank Murray, Q. Mr. President, on March 20th you made Washington Times], what I see is that the some serious charges about the failings of stories say ‘‘a high-ranking Washington offi- Congress, and you said that congressional cial,’’ ‘‘an insider in the administration,’’ ‘‘a perks are ‘‘part of the hopelessly tangled web man known to be loyal to President Bush up there on Capitol Hill.’’ Could you give who doesn’t do this or that.’’ And you can’t us some examples of what you feel are the help me answer some of the charges that perks that are being abused, and will John asked about or that you’ve asked you tell us what perks that you have and about. your staff have that you’re willing to

584 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / Apr. 10 eliminate? Government, here in the White House and The President. I think that they’re ad- other places as well—talking up in New dressing that very well indeed, and I don’t York and I’ve talked to some world leaders see any need to single any out. You saw about it, including Collor of Brazil. But no Dick Darman’s testimony. We’ll take a hard decision has been made. look at the executive branch. Congress is Q. Wouldn’t it be difficult for you, having doing that with theirs. So I think it’s moving sold yourself as an environmental President, in the right direction. not to go meet with so many other world leaders who are trying to gather? Budget Deficit The President. I think it could work out Q. But Mr. President, over the past 11 either way. I’m sure if I went there, there years, with you as Vice President and now would be some differences. We’ve got a President, the Federal budget deficit has good, sound environmental record. The nearly quadrupled. United States has done an awful lot to fight The President. Yes. against pollution, and I would be proud to Q. How much of that is your responsibil- take that record, not just of what we’ve ity? done but of previous administrations, to Rio The President. I don’t know how to evalu- or anywhere else. But what I want to do ate that. It is difficult. You’ve had things is see if we can’t hammer out consensus like the savings and loan problem, the bank- so you have a meeting that’s viewed as posi- ing problem, and it’s very hard to assign, tive instead of a major harangue down quantify out the blame on these matters. there. Presidential Campaign The Economy Q. Mr. President, you may not be talking about Bill Clinton, but Bill Clinton is talking Q. Mr. President, you were talking earlier about you. about things that are bothering people. But The President. Yes. when we talk to those people about what’s Q. And in particular, people in the Clin- bothering them, they tend to talk about the ton camp, including Mrs. Clinton, have economy of late. Now, it was one of your charged that it’s the Republican Party who campaign promises that there would be 30 has engineered the charges that Governor million new jobs in the next 8 years. In Clinton has had to face on some of the the current recession we’ve lost 2 million. character questions. Do you think there is So when do you envision being able to de- any truth to that assertion? liver on that promise of yours? When do The President. I hope not. I think not, you anticipate real economic recovery? and I have made specific instructions in The President. Well, you know, I made writing to our people to stay out of the a mistake last year, and I don’t want to re- sleaze business. peat it. Last year at this time, I think it Q. Mr. President, do you think these so- was 49 out of the 50 leading economists called character issues are fair game in a felt that the economy would be in rather Presidential race? robust recovery by the third quarter. It The President. I’d like to stay on the hard started up and then leveled off. And I told issues and not on the kind of issues you’re the American people I thought that’s what talking about. would happen. But now I’m not going to go into that again because I just am uncer- U.N. Conference on Environment tain. Q. Mr. President, have you made a deci- I can tell you that most economists are sion yet as to whether to go to Rio to the now feeling that we’re in recovery and that Earth summit? And if not, what will it take? it’s going to be reasonably good. Not know- What are you waiting for? ing exactly what percentages it’s going to The President. No, I’ve made no decision. be, it’s very hard to lay it down against job We are talking about it. I’m giving a lot creation right now. of attention in various Departments of our Q. Do you regret having made this prom-

585 Apr. 10 / Administration of George Bush, 1992 ise to create 30 million new jobs? is willing to do. And if, indeed, Governor The President. I regret the fact the econ- Clinton and I are close on that and the omy has been so sluggish and so slow. nominating process disgorges him as the nominee, why, then we’ll have common Interest Rates ground to take to the American people, so Q. Mr. President, you’ve mentioned about much the better. And all Democrats that the economy, and you said that you ap- agree with us on this ought to start working plauded the interest rate reduction by the on the Congress to get them to come for- Federal Reserve this week. In view of the ward with the funding for our new schools large 0.5 percent increase in inflation during approach and whatever else it is. In the March, do you think that future interest rate meantime, to his credit, Arkansas has joined declines should be left to the marketplace the America 2000 program, and they’re to create or the Federal Reserve? Or is moving forward. there still room to do more? I’ll have to say, Bill Clinton, early on, was The President. Well, there might be room a part of the Governors’ inside circle that to do more. You’ve got to take a look at helped us adopt the national education that CPI figure. The PPI figure was pretty goals, goals that proudly happened, that I good yesterday, or in the last couple of days, might say I take great pride in having seen the Producer Price Index. It was con- enacted since I’ve been President. strained and showed that inflation is under But look, if there are areas of agreement, control. So I wouldn’t take one statistic and we ought not to be restless about that. We try to urge the Fed on one course or an- ought to say, ‘‘Good, let’s get on with it.’’ other. But I think the Fed having dropped And let’s get this program through the this rate a quarter, it was well received in United States Congress and have it imple- the markets. I think it will be well received mented by the people. across the country. And let’s see, and then I’m sure that Chairman Greenspan will be Environmental Policy sensitive to further action if that’s what’s required. Q. Mr. President, in following Ann’s [Ann Q. But to follow on that, would you be McDaniel, Newsweek] question about the urging banks to reduce their prime lending environment—— rates or pass on the rates to the consumers? The President. I’ve lost it here. Yes, Karen The President. You remember me and the [Karen Hosler, Baltimore Sun]. credit cards? The lower the rates, the bet- Q. Well, we all lose it from time to time. ter. The lower the rates, the more it stimu- The President. True. lates business and activity and thus jobs. But Q. The environment—the Clean Air Act that’s a matter for the marketplace, it seems is considered one of your primary achieve- to me. ments in the domestic front of your first term, but it’s something that we don’t hear Education you talking about. You rarely talk about the Q. Mr. President, you’ve suggested that environment at all. When you talk about education is your top goal as President. And your reform agenda and so forth, we don’t yet, your own Secretary of Education has hear the word ‘‘environment.’’ I’m wonder- suggested this week that there really is not ing, do you feel that you’ve done enough much difference between your proposals on in this area, or are there no new challenges education and those of the Democratic heir that you want to put before the voters this apparent—— fall, or is this just not as important an issue The President. Careful. because people are worried about the econ- Q.——Mr. Clinton. And my question is, omy and the cost of jobs and so forth? how could it be different? What can you The President. I think you’re on to—the offer that the Democrats cannot offer on last point is a valid point. I think what has education? dominated the debate so far in the election The President. Well, I’m offering some- process has been the economy. In fact, it’s thing quite different than what the Congress almost the only thing that has been dis-

586 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / Apr. 10 cussed up until very, very recently. The rea- or even a few moments ago when you men- son for that is when the American people tioned Social Security earnings limits. You are hurting, when they are discouraged, do say you’re in favor of these goals as well when the economy is slow, people should as extending unemployment benefits, but address themselves to that. you’ve never committed yourself to one spe- We have a good environmental record, cific financing mechanism. Why is that? and I’ll be proud to take it to the American The President. I think if you look at our people, and we’ll see where we go. We’ve budget proposal, as I said, it went up there got some very difficult environmental prob- with that in it, and the financing is included lems that we’re facing right now. I think in the overall budget. So I just would re- of the problems facing the work force in spectfully disagree with you. the Northwest over the spotted owl. This Q. Mr. President, a question—— isn’t easy. I think of what’s happening with The President. Take a look at the budget the salmon question out in the western agreement and see if I’m not correct. I areas, and there are some very important mean, the budget that we submitted. environmental questions. But I am determined to see that our environmental record results in protection of our national re- Iraq sources as we tried to do in the offshore drilling, have done in the offshore drilling Q. Let’s switch to foreign policy, sir. area, things of that nature, and still not What, if anything, does the throw people out of work. administration—— Every time I say that, I see some of the The President. Foreign policy? fringe groups in the environmental move- Q. Yes, sir. What, if anything, does the ment say I don’t quite get it. Well, they administration plan to do to put Iraq on don’t quite get it if they are not concerned notice, to warn it or take more stringent about the working man and the working actions about the movement of those anti- woman in this country. And I will continue aircraft missiles, the renewed flying of com- to try to achieve that balance. bat missions, and the attacks on the Kurds? Q. Mr. President, how can—— The President. We are particularly con- The President. Please, Sarah [Sarah cerned about Iraq’s flying missions above McClendon, McClendon News Service]. the 36th parallel. We have made clear to You’re third. You’re third. Iraq that we will be carefully monitoring these flights, both above and below the 36th Federal Budget parallel. We take a very dim view of the Q. With respect to unemployment and deployment of any missiles. jobs, a few days ago your Labor Secretary But the bottom line is compliance not just said that you are in favor of extending un- with the U.N. resolution but with the cease- employment benefits. However, she did not fire provisions. Iraq knows that we would explain how you would finance this, nor did take a very, very dim view of blatant viola- she attend the hearing yesterday on that tions of those. And so without going into issue. Could you explain why, if you’re com- it in much more detail, I will say that I mitted to extending jobless benefits, you notice that they are now participating in the have no financing mechanism and why no dismantlement of one of their suspected nu- one from the administration attended—— clear facilities, something they said they’d The President. No, I can’t. I can’t explain never do. And I think that was brought that, but I know that Dick Darman is work- about by firmness on the part of the United ing with the Congress and others around Nations people, Mr. Ekeus and others, and here. I think it’s been put off now until certainly on firmness on the part of the after the recess. But we will be addressing United States. I don’t want to go beyond it in a timely fashion. that. Q. And also, there does seem to be a Q. To follow up, sir, after all these pattern here with respect to some of your months since the war, have you come to proposals, whether it’s health care reform, the conclusion that your nemesis, Saddam

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Hussein, is definitely there to stay? need food and children go hungry every The President. No, I’ve not come to that night—spending those billions of dollars conclusion at all. overseas? Do we need to do that? I don’t Q. Why? believe we do, do we? The President. Because I just don’t think The President. Well, we’ve made a pro- that a totalitarian of that nature, a man that posal to reduce defense spending by $50 brutalizes his own people, a man that is con- billion. And that’s a significant reduction. tinuing to cause them hardship and that is And I am determined to keep—may I an outcast in that part of the world, can please finish, Sarah? And I am determined survive. Take a look at Eastern Europe. to keep the national security of this country Take a look at other dictators. They just foremost in mind. Who can tell what’s going have a way of not being around forever. to happen? We’ve made tremendous And I think that this will be the case here. progress toward world peace. We’ve made National Security and Federal Budget tremendous progress toward reducing tensions. We are the undisputed leader of the Q. How can you talk about progress being world. And we’ve got to bear the respon- made here today when we have a $400 bil- sibilities that go with that. lion deficit and a $1 trillion debt and you’re But we are not spending money in a prof- spending so much money around the world ligate way. I don’t think it hurts to try to on the CIA, selling arms around the world help guarantee against instability by helping and doing covert action and not even giving the C.I.S., for example, Russia, Ukraine and any accounting to the Congress of how other countries. I think that is in the inter- many billions they spend. How come you est of the United States of America. And, let them still do that, and how do you let of course, we’ve got to try to help at home. the Defense Department put all these con- And spending at home is at an all-time high. tracts overseas that take our jobs overseas And you say $1 trillion, yes, that concerns and our technology so that we can’t have me very much. Thank God we have a $5 jobs over here? That’s the reason why we’re trillion economy, or we’d really be in the in such a terrible economic situation, isn’t soup. it? The President. Isn’t what? Q. The reason why you’re spending bil- Welfare Reform lions of dollars with the CIA all around the Q. Mr. President, you’ve always prided world selling arms and doing other things yourself on your opposition to bigotry. But that they don’t account for, that we don’t as you may know, some who work in the know about, secret moves that stir trouble welfare field and some Democrats on the in the world. And why do you let the De- Hill have charged that you’re bringing up fense Department put these billions and bil- this issue in an election year in order to lions of dollars of contracts overseas with play to racial divisions in the public. How firms over there rather than here? How can do you respond to that? you expect to get jobs back here if you con- The President. On which issue is that? tinue to do that? And why do you talk of Q. The welfare issue. progress when you’re still doing something The President. I don’t think there’s any like that with all the debt we have? validity to that charge at all. All you have The President. Well, Sarah, I don’t blame to do is look at the hopelessness of people the CIA for the economy. Maybe that’s the that have been, you know, third generation simplest way to answer your question. welfare people and say we’ve got to help Q. You don’t, but other people do. these people. It’s a matter of compassion, The President. Well, we’ll have to debate not anger. It’s a matter of trying to help. that with the Democrats in the fall, then, And I think what we did today here with because I don’t—— the Governor of Wisconsin, I hope it’s just Q. No, I’m not talking about that. But a manifestation of that. why do you justify this when people in this I haven’t heard that ugly charge, but I country are hungry and need clothes and don’t know of anybody who is suggesting

588 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / Apr. 10 that the welfare system is just great. If the the Federal Government the minute a strike charge is that anyone who wants to change takes place. I don’t think it’s good for labor, the welfare system is a bigot, I would totally and I don’t think it’s good for business. reject that. It’s just not right. Q. If I could follow up, sir, if you are so concerned with this issue, why haven’t Congressional Investigation of White House you been closely involved with it for the Expenses last 3 years? The President. Well, that was a good Q. Mr. President, when you came to Con- question. And I think the politics drives gress back in the sixties, you came out for some things. I think we’ve tried to move full disclosure of financial information. You forward in terms of helping people in these have often told us that you try to stand for cities. I don’t think we’ve done absolutely high ethical standards—— nothing. But now we’re moving forward at The President. A little louder, Jessica [Jes- the request of this first State for a waiver sica Lee, USA Today], I can’t—— to speed it up. And 24 days is pretty good. Q. You’ve often told us that you try to My philosophy has always been to have stand for high ethical standards in public flexibility at the State and local level. And service, and you came out for full disclosure so we’ve been encouraging that for a long, of financial information when you first came long time. to Washington to represent Houston. I won- Q. What do you mean when you say poli- der if you would now say that you are for tics drives some of those things? full disclosure of the financial information The President. Well, I think, a lot of the on what it takes to run the White House, issues we’re talking about—some were ask- to run the Presidency, to do your job as ing about the environment, some were ask- President, to travel around on Air Force ing about these other issues. They get much One, and to provide for the ceremonial, po- more clearly in focus every 4 years, and litical and other functions of the Presidency then you go ahead and try to follow through as you conduct them here? and do something about them. The President. I do favor full disclosure. Next week I’ll be disclosing once again my Caterpillar Labor Dispute full income tax returns. As I’ll tell you next Q. Mr. President, the Caterpillar Com- week, I think that’s a little bit of an imposi- pany is trying to replace striking workers. tion on an American citizen’s privacy; but How do you feel about the issue of replac- I think this is the 12th year that I will have ing strikers? done that, assets and liabilities spelled out, The President. Well, I feel that I’m in full disclosure. And yes, you’re correct. I favor of collective bargaining. I think every- took a leadership role in the 90th Congress, body must live within the law, and if they as just a freshman there, for more disclo- are permitted to do things under the law, sure. And I believe that’s what elected peo- they should feel that they’re able to go ple should do. I think at the Presidential ahead under the law. I believe that this mat- level it’s got to be even fuller, challengers ter should be resolved between labor and and incumbents. And I think we need full business, and I see no reason at this junc- disclosure. ture to have the Federal Government in the Now, in terms of Congress’ investigation, big middle of this. I hope that we have fully cooperated with Q. So it’s okay if Caterpillar decides to the various committees of inquiry on dis- hire strikers, then you feel that’s all right? closing the costs of running the White The President. I think labor should do House. This is the people’s house. It is a what’s legal, and I think management magnificent house. I don’t know how many should do what people think are legal people, hundreds of thousands of people, here—what is legal, not what they think is go through this house every year. It’s almost legal but what is legal. And I just feel that like a museum. And much of what goes on free collective bargaining under the law is there is to show the people their house in the proper approach, not intervention by a good and sensible way.

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However, those matters are looked at in when it costs $25,000 an hour, that it only full detail as our budget goes up from var- costs $25,000 a year, $29,000 in a year. ious different Departments that it takes to Q. And the Congress has asked that ques- run this place. Some of it can be security, tion, and they have been unable to get—— various security accounts. Some of it can The President. Well, the Congress will be be the Park Service’s accounts. And don’t satisfied. ask me to say all of the accounts under this Q. ——the satisfactory response. Are you complicated congressional system that look going to tell them what it costs, what your at it. travel last year costs? That’s the question. But I have asked our people to go to the various committees that have jurisdiction The President. We’re going to answer and to cooperate fully. And that’s what every question they have to the best of our we’re trying to do, Jessie. And we’re going ability, and I think we’re going to continue. to keep on trying to do that. You know, a lot of the cost of Air Force Q. If I may followup with a specific inci- One and my travel was considered at the dent, Mr. President. In the budget that you time these new airplanes were ordered. And submitted in January or February, the state- I hope that we have prudently lived within ment is that White House travel, your trav- whatever it was that was budgeted to en- el, cost the taxpayers $29,000 last year. compass that travel. And we’re going to Now, Mr. President, with all the trips that keep on trying. you go on—— One thing I think that would be a shame The President. Twenty-nine thousand dol- is if we got into talks about gardeners and lars an hour, isn’t it? perks and calligraphers and lost sight of the Q. No, no. need for real congressional reform, fun- The President. Oh, Jess, you’re wrong. I damental reform of the institution that has think the Air Force One costs $25,000 an led to the scandals that we’ve seen all over hour. the newspapers. So we will address our- Q. That was Air Force One. But—— selves to this disclosure; some of it, it seems The President. I think when the Congress to me to be coming up by Congress that appropriated the money for it, I think it seems a little defensive about the problems was estimated to be $41,000 an hour. Now on Capitol Hill. But as head of the executive it’s being operated at—for some reason, branch, we should cooperate with the com- don’t ask me to explain it—at $25,000 an mittees of Congress, and I have instructed hour, which is a tremendous amount of our people to do just that. money. So it’s not a year, it’s an hour. But as I end this press conference, I Q. But what your budget said is that you would make this nonobjective note, take this spent $29,000 on Presidential travel last note: It seems to me very funny that, all year. It didn’t deal with Air Force One. of a sudden, faced with the outrage of the There’s a category—— American people, not on cars, not on how The President. But now—— Q. There’s a category that talked about much a hamburger costs in the Senate res- your travel. And that’s what it said, and that taurant but on fundamental problems with they give you $100,000 to spend, and you an institution that was manifested in so only spent $29,000. Can you explain that? many ways recently, the Congress now starts The President. No, I just can’t possibly saying, ‘‘Well, what’s it cost, how many cal- explain that. ligraphers do you have making out cards Q. Do you think that that figure is cor- for a state dinner in the White House?’’ rect? And we want to respond to these ques- The President. We’ll try to get the infor- tions, but I want to keep the focus where mation for you because we’re trying to dis- fundamentally it belongs, on the need for close—and we’ll do it to the Congress—— genuine reform, reform that is necessary be- Q. Yes. cause of the laxity of one party control of Q. It sounds unlikely. the House of Representatives for, what, 48 The President. Yes, it sounds very unlikely out of the last 52 years. And that’s the thing

590 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / Apr. 10 that concerns the American people. They damental change and reform up there. are very concerned about it. And we have Now, with no further ado and with the made suggestions, and I’ve mentioned some regret at having to not answer every ques- of them today, that Congress ought to live tion—come on—I really do have to go. by the same laws they make you and me Judy [Judy Smith, Deputy Press Sec- live by. And we’ve put forward legislation retary], now let me say this if you’ll turn to do that. I happen to think the time has off all cameras and turn off the CNN, you come for term limitations as well. I’d like guys. In my view, Marlin—who will return to see changes along the lines suggested by in great spirits, I might add—[laughter]— Senator Boren, a Democrat, Congressman on Monday and who, as we all know, has Lee Hamilton, a Democrat, in the proce- my full confidence—has had a stand-in for dures of the Senate and the House. I’d like a couple of weeks. And in my view, Judy, to see that taken care of. to whom you have not been altogether kind, And so we’re talking about fundamental although she does not complain, has done change and reform that is clearly needed. a superb job, and I thank her. And if I And some up there—not all the Congress- don’t do what she tells me now, which is men, because I think some are addressing to get out of here, I’m in serious trouble. themselves seriously to reform—and some Thank you all. And, Judy, thank you. Thank are saying, ‘‘We’ll get them. They’re talking you. about the trip I took to some Timbuktu on a jet; let’s go find out how many calligra- Note: The President’s 126th news conference phers there, or guys mowing the grass at began at 2:38 p.m. in the Rose Garden at the White House.’’ And we’ll try to respond the White House. In his remarks, he reas fully as we can. But let’s keep the sights ferred to Rolf Ekeus, executive chairman of set on what is fundamentally—needs reform the United Nations Special Commission on and change. The institution needs fun- Iraq.

Nomination of Edward Ernest Kubasiewicz To Be an Assistant Commissioner of Patents and Trademarks April 10, 1992

The President today announced his inten- istrator for the U.S. Patent and Trademark tion to nominate Edward Ernest Office in Washington, DC, 1983–85. Kubasiewicz, of Virginia, to be an Assistant Mr. Kubasiewicz graduated from the Uni- Commissioner of Patents and Trademarks, versity of Detroit (B.S.E.E., 1961) and the Department of Commerce. He would suc- Washington College of Law (J.D., 1967). He ceed James Edward Denny. was born October 14, 1936, in Hamtramck, Since 1985, Mr. Kubasiewicz has served MI. Mr. Kubasiewicz served in the U.S. as Group Director of the U.S. Patent and Army Reserves, 1962–69. He is married, has Trademark Office at the U.S. Department two children, and resides in Alexandria, VA. of Commerce in Washington, DC. Prior to this, he served as Patents Programs Admin-

591 Apr. 10 / Administration of George Bush, 1992

Nomination of Stephen Greene To Be Deputy Administrator of the Drug Enforcement Administration April 10, 1992

The President today announced his inten- for Operations, 1990–91; Deputy Assistant tion to nominate Stephen Greene, of Mary- Administrator for Operations, 1989–90; and land, to be Deputy Administrator of Drug Deputy Assistant Administrator for Inter- Enforcement, Department of Justice. He national Programs, 1987–89. would succeed Thomas C. Kelly. Mr. Greene graduated from the Univer- Currently Mr. Greene serves as Acting sity of Maryland (B.S., 1982). He was born Deputy Administrator at the Drug Enforce- January 5, 1943, in Plattsburg, NY. From ment Administration in Arlington, VA. Prior 1966 to 1968, Mr. Greene served in the to this, he served at the Drug Enforcement U.S. Marine Corps. He is married and re- Administration as: Assistant Administrator sides in Annapolis, MD.

Radio Address to the Nation on Welfare Reform April 11, 1992

The American people have always been In my State of the Union Address, I made a people constantly searching for improve- a commitment to make it quicker and easier ment, impatient for change when things for States with welfare reform ideas to get need changing. Last week I spoke about the the Federal waivers they need. By approv- need for a change here in Washington, for ing Wisconsin’s waivers 24 days after we re- Government reform, especially congres- ceived their request, that commitment now sional reform. Today I want to focus on re- has the force of action. I want to commend forming our welfare system, especially on Wisconsin Governor Tommy Thompson, our Government’s role in that reform proc- and I want to challenge other States to pro- ess. pose their own reforms. After years of trying to help those who We must balance America’s generous are in need, we have found that too often heart with our responsibility to the taxpayers our assistance does not help people out of who underwrite governmental assistance. poverty; it traps them there. It’s not that Our assistance should in no way encourage people stopped caring; it’s that the system dependency or undermine our Nation’s eco- stopped working. We want a welfare system that breaks the cycle of dependency before nomic competitiveness. We pay twice for dignity is destroyed and before poverty be- those who make welfare a way of life: once comes a family legacy. But today we must for the initial benefits, but even more be- face this fact: Our system has failed. cause the Nation loses their contribution to I have repeatedly called for the forging the Nation’s economic well-being. of Federal-State partnerships that would Those who receive Government assistance make welfare reform a powerful, effective have certain responsibilities: the responsibil- reality. Yesterday, at my direction, the Fed- ity to seek work or get education and train- eral Government waived outdated rules to ing that will help them get a job, and the allow Wisconsin to try a new kind of welfare responsibility to get their lives in order. reform. The Wisconsin plan replaces some That means establishing lifestyles that will of the old assumptions of the welfare state enable them to fulfill their potential, not and recognizes the importance of personal destroy it. responsibility, self-respect, independence, We have responsibilities, too. We must and self-sufficiency. structure our welfare programs so that they

592 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / Apr. 13 reverse policies which lock in a lifestyle of not only open the doors of opportunity for dependency and subtly destroy self-esteem. our citizens who are on public assistance We must encourage family formation and but also prepare them to walk proudly and family stability. Too often our welfare pro- competently through those doors. Our goal grams have encouraged exactly the opposite. is to build a system of welfare that will en- We must incorporate incentives for recipi- courage self-respect, build strength of char- ents to stay in school. For instance, in Wis- acter, and develop to the fullest each indi- consin, teen parents are required by the vidual’s potential for a productive, meaning- Learnfare program to stay in school to ob- ful life. tain full benefits. They recognize that in Thank you for listening. And may God many respects opportunity is equated with bless the United States of America. education. And I’ll have more to say about the urgent need for educational reform next Note: This address was recorded at 8:15 week as we mark the first anniversary of a.m. on April 10 in the Oval Office at the the crusade that I call America 2000. White House for broadcast after 9 a.m. on My approach to welfare reform should April 11.

Remarks on Signing the Executive Order on Employee Rights Concerning Union Dues April 13, 1992

Please be seated. And may I just say that the cause of freedom and democracy, no we are delighted to see all of you here on one has ever surpassed Thomas Jefferson. this crisp, cool day in the Rose Garden. Be- He eloquently stated a principle of fun- fore I begin, I’d like to recognize two mem- damental fairness in 1779 when he de- bers of the Cabinet here: Secretary Lynn clared, ‘‘To compel a man to furnish con- Martin over here, Secretary of Labor, and tributions of money for the propagation of then Attorney General Bill Barr, sitting over opinions which he disbelieves and abhors here in the front. I also want to single out is sinful and tyrannical.’’ two Congressmen with us today, Bob Walk- Now, not long ago in Philadelphia, I er and Tom DeLay, thank them for being spoke of the wisdom of the Founders on here; Mr. James Stephens, the Chairman the subject of Government reform. It is this of the National Labor Relations Board. And Jeffersonian insight that we reaffirm today also a very special welcome to Harry Beck with reforms to strengthen the political and his wife, Karan. And fresh from parting the Red Sea yet again on TV last night— rights of American workers. [laughter]—our old friend Charlton Heston. In the Executive order I will sign in just And I’ll have more to say about him in a a few minutes, I am directing that compa- minute. But thank you for coming all this nies performing Federal contract work must way. inform their employees in the clearest pos- Today happens to be a very special anni- sible terms of their legal rights as affirmed versary. Two hundred and forty-nine years in the Supreme Court’s landmark Beck deci- ago today, Thomas Jefferson was born. And sion. This placard displayed here today rep- there is a renewed spirit of Jeffersonian re- resents the exact words of the notice that form sweeping through this Nation today. will be placed in workplaces around the Na- It is therefore a fitting occasion for putting tion. And while this order will directly affect into effect new reforms that will protect American workers employed by Federal Americans’ fundamental rights against polit- contractors, I want to emphasize that the ical abuse by special interest groups. principles affirmed by the Beck de- For brilliance, for courage, for passion in

593 Apr. 13 / Administration of George Bush, 1992 cision are precious to all Americans. that you came here today, traveled all across The Beck decision is one of a series of the country as a crusader for individual cases protecting American workers from rights. You are most welcome. being compelled against their will to pay Our new actions to protect individual lib- union or agency dues in excess of what is erties are important efforts in a larger cru- actually used for collective bargaining pur- sade that I’m waging to reform our system poses and contract administration. Full im- of politics in Government. Institutions of plementation of this principle will guarantee public life, whether the Government, cor- that no American will have his job or liveli- porations, or unions, should be accountable hood threatened for refusing to contribute to their constituents to produce results and to political activities against his will. The then respond to their needs. Working Executive order that I sign today will make Americans should have the right to decide it easier for employees of Federal contrac- whether contributing to political parties or tors to understand and then exercise their candidates, at odds with their beliefs, fulfill political rights. that principle and represent the institutional The Secretary of Labor is separately pro- responsibility that we rightfully expect. posing a rule clarifying and then bringing In pursuit of the very same principles, up to date requirements for labor organiza- accountability and responsibility, I am ask- tions to account for how workers’ dues are ing Congress to enact a sweeping reform spent. This rule aims to foster union democ- of campaign financing. And I’m fighting to racy, and it also will have the effect of help- eliminate, not restrict but eliminate the spe- ing employees protect their Beck rights. cial interest PAC’s, which will stop the mil- The trial court in the Beck case found, lions of dollars in administrative subsidies for instance, that in plaintiff Beck’s work- that corporations and labor organizations place, Harry Beck’s workplace, 79 percent now are allowed to channel into their own of the compulsory dues collected went to PAC’s. purposes unrelated to collective bargaining Time and time again over our constitu- and contract administration. Our new rule tional history, protecting universal rights has will assist union members in discovering demanded the lonely courage of individual how their dues are being spent. And per- citizens standing up against powerful orga- haps most important of all, I expect the nized interests. And I’m especially honored NLRB, the National Labor Relations Board, that we have here today such an individual. to carry out its responsibilities to enforce It took this man 12 years of patient effort the principles of the Beck decision. to carry his case to vindication in the high- One of America’s most intrepid fighters est Court of the land. And it is his crusade for individual rights is Charlton Heston. that brings us together today. So, Harry He’s been a member of four different labor Beck, thank you, sir, for all that you have organizations and, like my predecessor, done. And I am proud to have you stand President Reagan, a president of the Screen with me as I sign this Executive order. Wel- Actors Guild. He’s given much of himself come, and well done. to put collective bargaining rights into practice. And he’s been equally committed to Note: The President spoke at 11 a.m. in the seeing that no company or organization may Rose Garden at the White House. The Exec- infringe a worker’s individual freedom of utive order is listed in Appendix E at the conscience. And we are very honored, sir, end of this volume.

594 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / Apr. 14

Statement by Press Secretary Fitzwater on the President’s Meeting With Prime Minister Jan Olszewski of Poland April 13, 1992

The President met for approximately 45 present difficult economic situation in Po- minutes this afternoon with Prime Minister land, particularly through encouraging Jan Olszewski of Poland, who is in the greater trade and investment. United States on a private visit. The Presi- In that context, the Prime Minister wel- dent reaffirmed his strong support for the comed the President’s offer, made in a re- pioneering transformation to democracy and cent letter to President Walesa, to send a a free market economy in Poland, whose mission of U.S. business leaders to Poland success is all the more important in light with the aim of facilitating some of the of the revolutionary changes farther East. many U.S. private investment projects now The two leaders discussed economic and under negotiation. The President has asked political developments in Poland as well as the larger European security situation. former Deputy Secretary of State John Prime Minister Olszewski outlined his gov- Whitehead to lead the mission and to select ernment’s economic policies and its com- a long-term U.S. adviser who would remain mitment to working with the IMF on an in Warsaw to follow up on the mission’s agreed reform program. He thanked the recommendations and assist U.S. enterprises President for U.S. support and discussed in their efforts to find joint venture partners ways the U.S. could be helpful during the and other investment opportunities.

Remarks to Giddings & Lewis Employees and Local Chambers of Commerce in Fraser, Michigan April 14, 1992

Thank you very much. And Governor hit a blow for literacy in this country. And Engler, thank you; I’m proud to be intro- she asked me to extend her very best wish- duced by our great Governor here. I want es. to salute our Secretary of Labor, Lynn Mar- Now, I want to talk to you today about tin. You met her when she came in. She the things that we really must do together, is doing a lot, an awful lot in terms of job Government and business, public servants, retraining, in terms of hope and opportunity private citizens, to leave our children a leg- for America’s workers. I want to thank the acy worthy of this great country of ours. CEO of Giddings & Lewis, Bill Fife here, You see, I am not one who is so pessimistic who greeted us and has given us a short about America. We are the leaders of the tour. Thanks to some of the workers here world, the undisputed leaders of the world, in this wonderful plant and then to Barbara and now we’ve got great things to do here Hollett and Linda Walling and Geary at home. I think that we’ve got to agree Maiuri and James Williams, Warren and to all the others from the six chambers of com- on what that legacy is going to be. Clearly, merce. May I thank you for being here. I we want a world at peace. People say to just want you to know I’m delighted to be the American people, ‘‘Well, how are things with you today. going?’’ And I take great pride in the fact I’m sorry that Barbara Bush is not here. that, see these little kids here, they won’t She’s out in the State of Oregon today. But go to sleep at night worrying about nuclear I take great pride in the fact that she’s doing warfare the way the generations preceding her part. I see these kids here trying to had done. We want a world at peace. We

595 Apr. 14 / Administration of George Bush, 1992 want strong, wholesome families, and we of Congress may serve. want an economy that provides rewarding My aim is simple: We must create a flexi- jobs for all. ble Government, responsive to the common More than any country on Earth, America good. And I have tried, I have tried over has afforded each generation the oppor- the past 3 years to invest my administration tunity to leave such a legacy. Today, we with this sort of flexibility. Now, let me give have that opportunity once again. The world you a few examples of special concern right is changing at a pace undreamed of a gen- here to Macomb County. eration ago. And now America, which has A reformed Government knows its limits, led the world’s transformation, must change refusing to impose undue burdens on busi- as well. This afternoon I want to discuss ness and consumers alike. For that reason, five areas which I believe are overdue for reform, five key ways in which America I’ve made it clear to Congress: This is no must change if we are to honor coming gen- time to legislate an increase in the CAFE erations with the legacy that they deserve. standards that would cost Americans jobs As business men and women and as in the automotive industry. And I will not Giddings & Lewis employees, you under- accept such legislation. stand the urgency. For each of these five A reformed Government encourages in- problems presents itself to you not as some novation. Last October, by way of example, abstraction but in the most immediate way, my administration joined with the Big as a cost, a cost of doing business. Too often Three, the automobile companies, to de- these costs are beyond your control, draw- velop a new generation of batteries. And ing resources away from your primary goals our goal: To make American car companies of expanding your companies and creating first in the world in producing competitive, good jobs for your communities. electric cars by the year 2000. When our legal system, and the Governor A reformed Government finds flexible touched on this, becomes incapable of re- means to reach its goals. Our approach to solving disputes in a civil and timely man- the 1990 Clean Air Act, which requires ner, business loses the incentive to innovate, deep reductions in air pollution, is a good loses the incentive to take risks. And when example. To help communities and indus- health care costs escalate, business picks up tries meet the objectives of that act, we’ve much of the tab. And when Government initiated a ‘‘cash for clunkers’’ program, al- imposes barriers to trade, business pays the lowing States and companies to buy the cost in lost markets. And then when our high-polluting old cars, get them off the kids, our children, leave school without ru- road, and use the reduction in pollution to dimentary skills, business bears in the lost satisfy our clean air standards. productivity. And when Government freezes in gridlock, business can no longer plan ra- Flexibility, accountability, a willingness to tionally for the future. innovate, Americans have a right to expect So, let me start with Washington, and each of these from their Government and again, the Governor referred to that: If particularly from the United States Con- America is going to change, the Govern- gress. Yet instead we get business-as-usual. ment must change. Ten days ago I pre- I’ll give you another example, dealing with sented seven specific proposals to cure the a second area urgently in need of reform, paralysis that grips the United States Con- the Nation’s legal system. Our country—and gress. My proposals range from an elimi- this isn’t true just of business, this is true nation of these special-interest political ac- of neighborhoods, true of towns and city tion committees, these PAC’s, elimination, government—our country is swamped in not reduction but elimination; extends to a frivolous lawsuits. We tried to make a good line-item veto, which will allow us at last start at reform in 1990 when I introduced to get a handle on this deficit that is mort- a bill to reform product liability laws. Con- gaging the future of these children here gress wouldn’t budge. So we reintroduced today. And I think it’s high time that we the reform again in 1991. And the Senate limited the number of terms that Members Democrats refuse even to bring that bill to

596 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / Apr. 14 a vote. In the House it’s stuck in two, that’s health care each year than they earn in right, two separate committees. after-tax profits. Now, we’ve got to stop this This inaction is inexcusable. America, re- drain on our productivity. grettably, has become the most litigious so- My proposed health care reform will ciety on Earth, and American companies build on our system’s assets, especially in pay the price, not only in dollars wasted preserving the quality of care. We’ve still but in lower productivity and a business en- got the world’s finest quality health care. vironment hostile even to ordinary competi- We will reform the private insurance market tive practices. According to a recent survey, and increase consumer choice. Through 40 percent of companies that had been the transferable tax credits we will bring cov- target of product liability suits have discon- erage to those who are uninsured and continued certain types of product research. trol costs through market incentives. And None of our competitors is afflicted with this lawsuit madness. We must remove this we will avoid the pitfalls of what I would ball and chain from our ability to compete see as a nationalized care, with the rationing worldwide. And our Competitiveness Coun- and the long waiting lines and the mediocre cil, led by the Vice President, has offered quality that comes with it. Health care re- 50 recommendations for legal reform, inform must hew to this principle: Govern- cluding reasonable limits to the discovery ment has no business dictating what kind process, alternative means of resolving dis- of health care you want to choose, dictating putes, and a ‘‘loser pay’’ rule that would what kind of health care you receive. discourage the frivolous lawsuits. I urge you I target then a fourth area for attention, to urge the Congress to help stop this law- like the others, absolutely critical for our suit madness. success in the coming decades. With its We must help each other more and sue global reach, this great company, Giddings each other less. I’ll give you an example. & Lewis, exemplifies an indisputable truth A lot of the people here in this plant, I’m about our future: If America is to succeed sure, have kids in Little League. Some of economically at home, we must succeed you may coach Little League, like I did a economically abroad. And in the postwar thousand years ago. And some people are period, trade-related jobs have grown three refusing to coach Little League because times faster than the overall job creation. they’re afraid of some frivolous lawsuit; doc- Exports have accounted for 70 percent of tors, afraid of delivering babies because of our economy’s growth over the past 3 years. a frivolous lawsuit. We really have to change We will build on this success by continuing this litigious society into a more gentle and to open foreign markets to American goods a more friendly society. and services, including the world’s second Our comprehensive legal reform will be largest market economy, Japan. And since far-reaching, extending then into a third area critically in need of change, our Na- I took office, our exports to Japan have tion’s health system. Everybody here, I’m grown 10 times faster than our imports from sure, is concerned about the health care sys- Japan, and our manufactured products are tem. The litigation explosion has hit Michi- leading this expansion. That boom has al- gan’s health care hard. Every year your phy- ready created an additional 200,000 jobs sicians and hospitals pay almost $500 million here at home. for medical liability coverage, $500 million. And that’s why we made this now-famous For the patient, that translates into an extra trip to Japan. I heard some criticism of that $300 added on to the average hospital bill. trip, but let’s get the facts straight about The trends are simply unsustainable. what we accomplished. Of special interest Some estimates say that by 2030, the year to many of you, for example, was the pledge 2030, that’s only, what, 38 years away, we by private Japanese companies to increase will spend 30 cents of every dollar of na- the purchase of U.S.-made auto parts from tional income on health care. Again, much $9 billion to $19 billion by 1994. And we of the burden falls on business. Right now, didn’t stop there. As a result of our trip, American corporations spend more on we’ve opened up Japan’s $4 billion

597 Apr. 14 / Administration of George Bush, 1992 glass market, its $9 billion public-sector job, can’t find advice on which trade school computer market, and its $27 billion paper to attend or which career to pursue? Un- market, offering American business enor- scrupulous operators, these fly-by-night mous opportunities to sell American goods; trade schools prey on this confusion, and and that, of course, means to create Amer- they take advantage of the system’s lack of ican jobs. And if we are to take advantage accountability. And they recruit the naive of the opportunities, we must stay abroad. or somebody that’s so desperate even We must have a world-class work force. though they know it’s bad, they’re willing And yet the grim fact is undeniable: Our to take a chance, signing them up for thou- current education system is unable to sands of dollars in grants or loans, offer a produce the workers the highly competitive few weeks training, and then leave the peo- world market demands. The only solution ple burdened with debt. left to us is radical change. That means we A truly competitive America can’t afford must literally reinvent American education. And on Thursday, I’m going to discuss the this waste of talent and energy. And it’s not progress we’ve made in the year since we fair to the American worker. Job Training launched our America 2000 education initia- 2000 will disentangle that knot of Federal tive, a revolutionary movement that chal- programs and make them serve the people lenges every community to create what we who need them. And here are the key ele- call break-the-mold schools. We know how ments of this plan. First, it will create one- to do it. We set world-class standards for stop shopping for vocational training in students. We redouble our efforts to rid our every community. Second, it will certify pro- schools of drugs and violence, to cleanse grams so that they meet the needs of the Americans of this scourge that wastes so local labor markets. And third, it will offer many young lives. And we make schools vouchers so aspiring workers can choose the more accountable by forcing them to com- training they want. pete. And that means letting parents choose Along with Job Training 2000, I’m going their children’s schools, public, private, or to submit to Congress an important new religious. We must have that kind of choice initiative. It’s called the ‘‘Youth Apprentice- to bring real competition into the classroom. ship Act of 1992.’’ Apprenticeship is one And we need to take the same bold ap- of the surest routes into the world of work, proach to job training, to provide Americans and we need to make it more widely avail- with the skills that this age of intense inter- able to our young people. And at the same national competition demands. And I have time, we’ve got to encourage them to com- developed such an approach, working with plete a sound high school education that the Secretary here, and when Congress re- prepares them for a lifetime of learning. turns from recess, we will submit the ‘‘Job The act accomplishes both these goals, mak- Training 2000 Act.’’ ing it easier for kids in the 11th and 12th Our current job training system is merely—it’s kind of a crazy quilt of good inten- grades to combine on-the-job training with tions. Over the years Congress has put in their regular studies at school. And when place scores of training programs, but they they graduate from school, they will have are uncoordinated, sometimes redundant, not only a certificate that attests to their and too often unaccountable. This year, job skills but a diploma that represents a seven different Federal Agencies will ad- substantial and varied education. minister some 60 training programs at a cost Now, to get that ‘‘Apprenticeship Act’’ up of $18 billion. and running, we will be offering demonstra- And with this jumble, is it any wonder tion grants to six States, California, Iowa, that an 18-year-old, fresh from high school, Maine, Oregon, Wisconsin, and right here doesn’t know where to go for career guid- in Michigan, as well as a series of local ance; or that an unemployed older worker, areas. We owe our young people, we owe eager to learn a new trade, is confused every American who seeks to climb the lad- about how to find training; or that a young der of economic advantage the finest job, parent on welfare, in search of a rewarding the finest job training system the world

598 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / Apr. 14 can produce, and I mean to see that they must take precedence over the engineering get it. schemes of Government. And all our institu- Therefore I want to challenge the United tions, from Congress to the local trade States Congress to pass both of these initia- school, must be accountable to those that tives, Job Training 2000 and the ‘‘Youth Ap- they serve. prenticeship Act,’’ this session, before the Over the last decade, America has Congress adjourns for the year. But as you changed the world. Today, we’re blessed know, I’m the first to admit that I can’t with the opportunity to change America. I always count on Congress to act, no matter couldn’t help thinking about that sentence, how great the urgency. For real education ‘‘Over the last decade, America has changed reform I enlisted the help of the Nation’s the world,’’ as I was walking along the line Governors. You may remember this a cou- here and reading the computer screen in ple of years ago, we got together at Char- English and then in what the man running lottesville, Virginia. So far 43 Governors the screen told me was Russian. I had to have responded by enrolling their States in take his word for that. But here was a ship- this program we call America 2000. ment going off, a machine going off to Rus- And now I ask their help again. I call sia. We have a tremendous opportunity, and on the Governors here today, all of the Gov- I intend to see that we continue to lead ernors around the country, to initiate Job the world. And in so doing, we will be offer- Training 2000 strategies in their own States; ing enormous job opportunities, expanded several are already hard at work. And I ask job markets for the American worker. We every Governor to bring together labor and cannot pull back. We cannot withdraw into business leaders with local officials to con- some sphere of isolation. solidate their own job training programs. And so, as your President, I take great And wherever possible, my administration pride in the fact we’ve helped change the will grant waivers to accelerate these efforts. world. And now I can tell you we are going And we will provide incentive grants to help to make these changes at home that will them get started. enable us to remain the undisputed, the un- Each of the reforms that I’ve outlined disputed, admired leader of this changing here today—making Government account- world in which we live. able and flexible, restoring sanity to our Thank you all very much. And may God legal system, ensuring quality health care bless each and every one of you and your for all, expanding world trade, and reinvent- families. And may God bless the United ing American education and job training for States of America. Thank you very, very tomorrow’s work force—each shares a single much. goal, to ensure that America remains the undisputed leader of the world, the freest, Note: The President spoke at 2:50 p.m. at most prosperous and competitive Nation on the Giddings & Lewis, Inc., plant. In his Earth. remarks, he referred to William Fife, Jr., And each of these reforms grows from chairman and chief executive officer, a fundamental, uniquely American prin- Giddings & Lewis; Barbara Hollett, execu- ciple. Thomas Jefferson said it best: ‘‘The tive director, Metro East Chamber of Com- pillars of our prosperity are the most thriv- merce; Linda Walling, director, Sterling ing when left most free to individual enter- Heights Chamber of Commerce; Gary prise.’’ And in practice that means Govern- Maiuri, chairman, Central Macomb County ment must trust the wisdom of markets Chamber of Commerce; and James Wil- more than the whims of bureaucrats. And liams, chairman, Warren, Center Line, and the freely made decisions of the people Sterling Heights Chamber of Commerce.

599 Apr. 14 / Administration of George Bush, 1992

Remarks at a Bush-Quayle Fundraising Dinner in Dearborn, Michigan April 14, 1992

Thank you very, very much. And John derstand that there’s even an overflow Engler, thank you, sir, Governor, for that room. And after we finish these remarks, kind introduction. John Engler and I have I want to go in there. been side by side in politics for a long time, I will repeat for the benefit of the people and I’ll tell you, I am mighty proud of the in the overflow room: You are safe. By that, job he is doing as Governor of this great I’m referring to a joke that Billy Graham State. You’re lucky, and you ought to know used to tell about the speaker that went it. I might salute your lovely wife, Michelle. on and on and on. And finally, the chairman He had to go to Texas to find her, but here picked up the gavel, heaved it at the speak- she is, and we’re all for her, too. er, missed him, and hit the woman in the And let me thank Mike Timmis for the front row. And she said, ‘‘Hit me again; I thoughtful invocation and Randy Agley for can still hear him.’’ [Laughter] So, to the the superb job as master of ceremonies and people in the overflow room, you are safe. for so many other things as well. Also, of Let me say that it’s a pleasure to visit course, our special thanks to our esteemed the Detroit area. On our final approach on friend Max Fisher, whom we heard from Air Force One, we had to climb a little tonight, always at my side, always with higher over Tiger Stadium. Cecil Fielder’s sound counsel and advice, a great friend of turn at bat, at the batting cage there, and every Republican and a great leader of this we wanted to be out of his range. [Laugh- State and, indeed, of our country. Max, ter] thank you, sir. Let me thank all of you who had contrib- And of course, if you want to get the job uted so generously to this reelection cam- done, get Heinz Prechter involved; he’ll paign. With help like yours and the efforts twist the arm right out of your socket. But of millions of people like you at the grass- he did a first-class job. And I also want roots level, our team is going to win 4 more to thank Dave Doyle and Chuck Yob and years to lead this country. I’m absolutely Tim Leuliette. And let me also acknowledge confident of that. Bob Mosbacher, our former Secretary of And as John said, we have been trying Commerce, now one of the great leaders since 1989, working for reform and change. of our campaign; Bobby Holt, the national And I’ve often had to buck a Congress that, finance chairman, whom you met; and frankly, is resistant to change. But now, this Michigan natives Spence Abraham, who year, in the election year, we can put it used to be the State party chairman, now in focus, the things we’ve been trying to doing a superb job for the NRCC in Wash- get done, and let the American people say ington, and then our special friend Bob whether they want change or not. Teeter, who is calling a lot of the shots at We must accelerate reform, reforms to our campaign. We’ve got a great team, and strengthen the bulwark of our Nation’s I’m grateful to each and every one of them, character, and I mean the American family. all here tonight. A major mayors group came into my office, And there’s two others I was privileged and the thing that they say is the most com- to sit between, Andrea Fischer and Yosef mon problem in the great urban areas of Chafari. These are the two leading ticket America is the dissolution of the American sellers. And I had a fairly relaxed evening, family. And we’ve got to find ways to sitting between these two leading ticket sell- strengthen it. ers. They’re trying to sell me tickets to the We’ve got to find reforms to preserve half next event. [Laughter] But I’m telling you, a century’s hard-won gains for world free- this thing was put together in quite a short dom and peace, reforms to provide Ameri- period of time, relatively short period of cans with first-rate jobs in this whole new time, and we are very, very grateful. I un- global, the new world economy. And

600 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / Apr. 14 that’s why it’s so important that you’re here lute them for reform. And our America tonight. We have much to do if we’re to 2000 education strategy will change America prepare our Nation to compete in this excit- by encouraging that kind of innovation. ing new century ahead. And meanwhile, grassroots Republicans in None of us can do it alone. But together the Michigan Legislature are working with we are up to any challenge that lies ahead. our great Governor on Michigan 2000, this And frankly, I’m a little sick and tired of State’s plan to give parents more freedom some of the gloomy news out there every and responsibility in their children’s edu- single night, telling us what’s wrong with cation. And there’s a powerful reform spirit the United States of America. There’s a lot in Michigan to ease the strictures of teacher right about it, and I’m going to take that tenure and certification, to establish solid message to the American people. core curricula, and to measure results, and But your support is key if we’re truly going to change this country. And it’s key to give individual principals new incentives if we’re to revolutionize our schools, make to innovate through charter schools and health care accessible and affordable. It’s school empowerment. key to the frivolous court cases that drain I can assure you, the Republican reform- our economy; reform the way our Govern- ers in Michigan’s Legislature are light years ment works, especially up there on Capitol ahead of the liberal Democratic leadership Hill. And finally, your support is key if we’re in the United States Congress. And I can’t to open markets the world over for Amer- wait to elect a new Congress that will work ican goods and services, to sustain and to for true reform of our Nation’s schools. And create jobs for Americans, jobs right here I might add, a centerpiece for our strategy in Michigan. for reform is choice for parents for public, Each one of you tonight is making a dif- private, and religious schools. And then you ference on these five important challenges watch the schools that are not chosen bring because they’re all part of my mission as themselves up through competition. Paren- President of the United States. And with tal choice is an important key to our reform your support, I aim to complete that mis- program. sion. We’ve got to get this job done. You know, Michigan is also a leader in Take education, for example. Our Amer- making quality health care available and af- ica 2000 education strategy thrives on local fordable to absolutely everyone. And Michi- initiatives. Polly Williams in Milwaukee and gan soon hopes to become the first State Patrick Rooney in Indianapolis have cap- in the Nation to enroll its entire Medicaid tured national attention for their new pro- caseload, one million people, in managed grams to give inner-city parents what care. Managed care improves quality while wealthier families have right now, a real cutting costs. And it’s an important part of choice for schools for their children. And right here in Detroit there’s an excit- our national health care reform package. ing new effort in the inner city, Cornerstone We have the best quality health care in the Schools. And one of the leaders is Eddie entire world here in the United States, but Edwards, a Protestant pastor in the black too many people lack basic health insurance community, whom I have been pleased to coverage. And the Capitol Hill liberals’ recognize as one of our daily Points of Light ideas of health care are expensive and coer- for our Nation. A key partner with the Rev- cive. erend Edwards in this project is Archbishop And some Democratic leaders promote a Maida of the Catholic Church. And they’ve plan they call ‘‘play or pay.’’ It’s a mandated won generous support from business leaders benefit scheme whose costs would be vir- as they break down barriers and reinvent, tually unmanageable. And then there’s an- literally reinvent excellent schools for chil- other favorite Democratic plan: It’s to make dren who need them most. And they didn’t the Federal Government the monopoly wait for bureaucrats in Washington, DC, to provider of national health insurance. mandate them or to give them direction. And if you think socialized medicine is a They rejected business-as-usual. And I sa- good idea, ask a Canadian for a second

601 Apr. 14 / Administration of George Bush, 1992 opinion. Because central planners ration not all, but in certain cases, pay more court their health care, Canadians often must wait costs. And it’s time for action to stop the weeks or months for treatments readily epidemic of lawsuits. And we need some available to Americans. changes in Congress to get an up-or-down And like my agenda for literally revolu- vote on this important reform program. tionizing our schools, my health care reform And now, if we’re to reform education package emphasizes consumer choice. It and health care and our legal system and promotes private sector competition. It pro- if we’re to reduce redtape and regulation motes innovation. Transferable credits and and get our horrendous Federal deficit tax deductions would enable virtually every down, we must reform the United States American to purchase basic health insur- Congress. And our congressional system is ance. We would change the law to assure simply not working. And over the years that no one is denied coverage for a pre- we’ve all seen the symptoms: gridlock on existing condition or because of a job important legislation; unconscionable delays change. And in many cases, providing basic on nominations; failure to modernize our health insurance will help us drive down banking laws, to reform our system, finan- costs. And right now, for instance, poor peo- cial system; failure to strengthen our ple who lack insurance often go to emer- anticrime laws that would support the po- gency rooms for nonemergency treatment. lice, have a little more compassion for the Well, with health insurance, these kind of victims of crime and a little less for the cases would be handled in family doctors’ criminals themselves; failure to pass fair and offices more effectively and for much less simple proposals to stimulate our economy. cost. New efficiencies such as this would I still have seven laserlike proposals that enable us to reform our health care system would stimulate the economy without in- without having to raise taxes on the over- creasing this deficit. taxed American people. Another institution that we’ve been trying Major reforms are in order. And it’s time to change—and now that we’ve taken the for the Congress to govern itself by the laws case to the American people maybe we’ll it imposes on others. And I am going to have a chance to get it changed—one that’s fight to make them now pass laws that will ripe for reform, is our legal system. We put them under the same laws that you and have become the most litigious society on I have to live by, laws they’ve exempted Earth. We have 3 times as many lawyers themselves from. No more special treat- per capita as Great Britain, 5 times as many ment. And it’s time for sweeping reform of as France. And I’m often asked, if an apple campaign financing, time to eliminate the a day keeps the doctor away, what works special interest PAC’s. It’s time for real for lawyers? [Laughter] Litigation costs, li- spending reform; time for the President to ability insurance costs, and other costs asso- have what 43 Governors have, the line-item ciated with litigation or the avoidance of liti- veto. And I’m going to take that case to gation are estimated to run as high as $300 the American people this fall. billion a year. And that is an indirect tax And it’s time to make Congress a citizen on every business transaction in America, assembly, not a club for careerists. And it’s and it siphons off more than 2.5 percent time to limit the terms of Congress. My of our gross national product. And that’s 5 term is limited to two terms, and I want times as high as the average in other na- to serve both of them—[laughter]—but nev- tions. ertheless, it’s limited to two terms, and I And it’s high time, then, we spent more don’t see that it would hurt to have Con- time reaching out our hand and helping gress limited to six terms for a Member of each other and less time suing each other. the House and two terms for a Senator. And that is why I have asked the Congress I think it would be good. I think it would to pass my ‘‘Access to Justice Act,’’ a reform keep Government more active and vital and bill to encourage people to resolve problems closer to the people. out of court and to crack down on frivolous In my second and final term as President, lawsuits by making losers in certain cases, I want to lead America in adopting each of

602 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / Apr. 15 these historic reforms, these changes. I’m from the aggressor. And in the process we also working to lead America to new success accomplished a breakthrough sought by in the global economy. We’re working to every President from Truman to Reagan. open markets to American products, to cre- We brought Arab neighbors face to face ate new jobs for the great American worker. with Israel for the first time at the peace And if we succeed with the current round table. of world trade talks, the GATT talks, world And we won the cold war and we stopped output could increase by $5 trillion over the Saddam’s aggression because, 12 years ago, next decade, and more than $1 trillion of we renewed our faith in our values and we that boom will go to the United States of strengthened our defenses. The United America. Now, this applies no less to Michi- States is now the undisputed leader of the gan than to the rest of the Nation. With the entire world. And we will keep ourselves open markets and the level playing field that strong. And we will stay engaged in world I’m fighting to achieve, I am confident that politics. This is no time to pull back and American workers can outperform, to retreat and to be afraid of the changes outproduce, outcompete anyone, anywhere in the world. In world security and in world in the world. markets, we will remain engaged. I was commenting to John Engler as we And we have a mission together to carry flew in here this afternoon that Detroit will on the American dream for new genera- always be a special place for me. It was tions. And with your help and with grass- here 12 years ago that Ronald Reagan and roots action, we can win a mandate to lead I accepted our nomination for President and this country for 4 more years. And we can Vice President. And it was here that Ronald keep our country open to the contributions Reagan reminded us of Tom Paine’s revolu- of immigrants, of trade, of ideas. And we tionary words: ‘‘We have it in our power can work together and win our plans to re- to begin the world over again.’’ form our schools, our health care system, Think how much we have accomplished our very system of Government. And we since then. Think of our blessings. With can assure that when we reach the new cen- God’s help and with hard work to support tury, America still will be the strongest, the our convictions, we’ve helped change the bravest, the freest Nation on the face of world. We’ve helped the peoples of Eastern the Earth. Europe and the old Soviet empire peace- Thank you all. And may God bless each fully throw off the yoke of communism. And and every one of you and our great country, today we’re aiding their transition to free the United States of America. Thank you markets, helping them reduce their nuclear very much. arsenals. And we stood up against dictators and exporters of totalitarian revolution in Note: The President spoke at 7:55 p.m. at Latin America, and we’ve helped democracy the Ritz-Carlton Hotel. In his remarks, he take root in nearly every country of our referred to Max Fisher, Bush-Quayle ’92 hemisphere. honorary dinner chairman; Heinz Prechter, When a ruthless tyrant overran Kuwait national finance cochairman; Dave Doyle, and threatened to engulf the Middle East Michigan Republican Party chairman; in its worst conflagration, we protected the Chuck Yob, Michigan Republican national people of Israel and Turkey and Saudi Ara- committeeman; Tim Leuliette, Bush-Quayle bia. And we organized an unprecedented Michigan finance chairman; and Robert world coalition, and we liberated Kuwait Teeter, Bush-Quayle campaign chairman.

603 Apr. 15 / Administration of George Bush, 1992

Remarks Congratulating the National Collegiate Athletic Association Men’s and Women’s Basketball Champions April 15, 1992

Well, we’re just delighted to have you all PAC–10 title. Then they upset Virginia and here in the Rose Garden. And may I salute then beat Western Kentucky to win the our basketball-playing, basketball-loving championship. No wonder Tara and I are Vice President. We didn’t ask him about becoming old friends. She may be the best the Indiana game, but—[laughter]. And may court strategist since Perry Mason. [Laugh- I welcome Coach Mike Krzyzewski, Coach ter] K we call him, the Blue Devils players and Now, consider first, as evidence, Stan- staff. And of course, Coach Tara ford’s all-everything center, Val Whiting. VanDerveer over here, the Cardinal and all Now, where’s Val? Way down on the—there the members; and single out our Cabinet she is. And some of you may not know this, mate, mine, Carla Hills, who’s here. She she’s studying to be a doctor. She scored was on Stanford’s tennis team. Little short 28 points in the Cardinal’s thrilling semifinal for basketball but—[laughter]—plenty victory, grabbed 13 rebounds in the final, tough in trade negotiations. So, we’re glad made the All-Tournament Team. she’s here. And then of course, a new addi- Her teammate Molly Goodenbour, over tion to our administration who is working here, number 4, right there, majoring in in the antidrug program, this new and, I psychology, and why not? [Laughter] All think, very exciting ‘‘Weed and Seed’’ pro- season she made opponents shake their gram, Digger Phelps, who some of you may heads. Her ‘‘Molly rules’’ helped set an remember. Digger, welcome back. NCAA tourney record for the most 3-point And also we have here, and I saw some field goals, with 18, and a single-game of you all signing autographs and meeting record for the most 3-point field goals with them, the champions from H.D. Woodson 6. There’s always enthusiasm here in Wash- and from Forestville High Schools. Where ington for someone with a good three-point are you guys? All right, there they go. These program—[laughter]—especially in an elec- guys all look forward to the visits of the tion year. champions to the Rose Garden. But we Now, this season Academic Third Team have the Boys and Girls Clubs of Washing- All-American Chris MacMurdo scored ton. Now, where are you all? Well, maybe points on the court and in the classroom, we don’t have them—there they are. There setting a great example. I want to note Ann are some of the guys there. Good to see Adkins, the only senior on the team; Christy you. Hedgpeth, excelling outside; and Rachel Well, last year Duke was here, and then Hemmer, the PAC–10 Freshman of the Stanford in 1990. We have to stop meeting Year, prevailing under the boards. Then like this. [Laughter] People are getting con- there’s Kelly Dougherty, right here, always cerned that there’s a monopoly going out at her best in March; and walk-on Kate here in our country. But thank you for join- Paye, way down at the end; and Anita ing us to celebrate, once more, that cham- Kaplan, in the middle, perhaps Stanford’s pionship season. top reserve; and Angela Taylor, way, way A sports figure noted for malapropisms down there someplace, Angela. I won’t say once said of a losing streak, ‘‘Those games what kind of reputation Angela has for her were beyond my apprehension.’’ [Laughter] skills on defense, but they want to talk to Well, today we’ve got two teams whose win- her, Cheney does—[laughter]—over at the ning streak tested the comprehension of Pentagon. basketball fans everywhere. Take, for exam- This brings me to today’s other guests. ple, Stanford University, again the NCAA As my predecessor might have said, ‘‘There women’s champions. This year the Cardinal you go again.’’ [Laughter] A year ago I said won 30 games and their fourth straight you showed that nice guys can finish first.

604 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / Apr. 15

This season you struck again: Atlantic Coast ency. And there’s another word for that: ex- Conference record, 14–2, the overall record, cellence. They are words which embody you 34–2, champions of the ACC regular season as student athletes. and tournament; then, the first team since Both of these champions—and this is a UCLA in 1973 and first ACC team to win very important point for the kids from the back-to-back NCAA titles. Duke and I have high schools here and the Boys and Girls something in common. Both of us like the Clubs here today—both of these champions word ‘‘repeat.’’ [Laughter] have high academic standards. Each recruits Here’s what we’ll recall about their 1992 aggressively, but honestly because neither ‘‘stairway to heaven.’’ First, one Christian bends the rules, because both play within that the lions would be afraid to take on. the rules. A prediction: You players will [Laughter] Listen to this box score: a record make an even greater difference after grad- 23d tournament game, the first player ever uation than before. to start in four straight Final Fours. His A Chinese scholar once wrote of ‘‘the perfect game against Kentucky, including great end of learning.’’ Well, learning is a that amazing last-second shot that every- great end with either a book or basketball. body that watched TV will remember all That’s why over the past decade more than the rest of their lives. We salute Christian 90 percent of Duke and Stanford players Laettner, a true Player of the Year. Wel- got their diplomas, rivaling the general come back. graduation rates of their outstanding institu- And then of course, we’ll remember tions. Bobby Hurley’s wizardry on the court. You Already, you’ve been missionaries for edu- know, to Bobby, basketball is a family affair. cational excellence. You’ve shown how a na- His dad coached him in high school. He tion that is physically fit and educationally guarded his brother in this year’s regional fit is fit to take on the world. So today, semifinals. And this year Bobby made I ask you to carry that zeal to our edu- America Duke’s family. Think of how he cational systems at all levels, to your careers, became Duke’s career assist leader and and to the dream we call America. You NCAA Final Four MVP; or Bobby’s amaz- stand here as examples of how will and ing record in NCAA tournament play, 17– heart can stir the human spirit. 1. It’s players like Bobby who helped Coach So again, I am delighted to be out here. K, a graduate of West Point, do to oppo- The Vice President’s delighted to be with nents on the court which General me to congratulate as fans, to thank you Schwarzkopf did to his on the field of battle. for showing how education is our most en- Welcome back, Bobby. during legacy, vital to all that we are and Finally there are other players who all we can become. helped the Blue Devils slam-dunk the oppo- So good luck. And may God bless you nents: Brian Davis, of nearby Capitol all. And now here’s the drill. Last year we Heights, Maryland, he didn’t have far to go; had a shoot-out by these, and another sub- Grant Hill, another near-in guy from Res- stitute team was here last year but—[laugh- ton, Virginia, who threw the pass against ter]. So after you all have a chance to visit Kentucky; Thomas Hill, Duke’s superb sec- a little bit and say hello, I’m going to invite ond-leading scorer; Ron Burt and Marty the players down, and we will have a shoot- Clark, who grew up with six basketball-play- out, a White House shoot-out to see who ing sisters. Marty, sounds like a typical wins our little trophy this year. The trophy weekend with my grandkids around this is very modest, but we need these guys place. [Laughter] And all the Devils who back. And we welcome the Cardinal to the helped Coach K, Duke’s Special K, make White House court for a very, very brief basketball history. appearance down there. This year, Duke became only the fourth Now, thank you all very much. school to gain its third straight NCAA championship game. Stanford’s in the same league, three straight appearances in the Note: The President spoke at 10:19 a.m. in Final Four. There’s a word for that: consist- the Rose Garden at the White House.

605 Apr. 15 / Administration of George Bush, 1992

Message on the Observance of Passover April 15, 1992

Beginning on the evening of April 17, brated together the defeat of Iraqi aggres- Jews around the Nation and throughout the sion, a modern day threat to Israel and the world will observe Passover, the traditional entire Middle East. Finally, we began a celebration of the Israelites’ Exodus from process that for the first time in history Egypt. In the Jewish calendar, this holiday brought together Israel and all of her neigh- is also known as the Feast of the bors to make peace. Unleavened Bread and the Festival of The most well known portion of the Pass- Spring. During Passover, a people who have over Hagaddah is the ‘‘Ma Nish’tana’’—the all too often known oppression and persecu- four questions asked by the youngest child tion will reaffirm their faith in the Divine in the family about why this night is dif- Judge, who brought them out of Egypt and ferent from all others. This year the answers delivered them from slavery. Passover is, in are especially vivid. Today, more people live the words of the kiddush which Jews recite in freedom than ever before. In the last as they drink each of the four cups of Pass- few years, we have witnessed the liberation over wine, ‘‘a time of freedom.’’ This Pass- of millions of people from the political and over comes at an especially precious mo- ideological oppression under which they ment in Jewish history. Since Jewish fami- lived. As we stand united today in freedom, lies and friends last gathered around the we have an unprecedented opportunity to seder table a year ago, we have all rejoiced move forward toward our goal of a more at the modern exodus of Jews from Ethiopia humane and peaceful world. and the former Soviet Union to Israel. We Barbara and I extend our best wishes to have also triumphed in the repeal of United members of the Jewish community for a Nations General Assembly Resolution 3379, joyous Passover. that infamous declaration, which wrongly equated Zionism with racism. We cele- GEORGE BUSH

Statement by Press Secretary Fitzwater on the President’s Federal Income Tax Return April 15, 1992

The President and Mrs. Bush paid is managed by Bessemer Trust Co., N.A., $204,841 in Federal income taxes in 1991. New York City. They donated $789,176 in income (minus The President and Mrs. Bush made total taxes) from ‘‘Millie’s Book’’ to the Barbara charitable contributions in 1991 of Bush Literary Foundation. The total royalty $818,803. Of this amount, $818,126 was income (including taxes paid) was $889,176, given by them individually to 48 charities bringing their adjusted gross income to and $677 was given to charities through the $1,324,456. blind trust. Because Federal tax law allows In addition to the President’s salary of a deduction of up to 50 percent of adjusted $200,000, the Bushes reported $197,047 in gross income, their charitable deduction was income from their blind trust, $1,151 in in- limited to $662,228. This produced a con- terest income, and $1,359 from other tribution carryover of $156,575, which will sources. A net long-term capital gain of be available for use in their 1992 tax return. $49,669 was reported from the blind trust, A list of the 48 charities is included in the less a short-term capital loss carryover from tax return. the prior year of $8,822. The blind trust The President’s and Mrs. Bush’s tax

606 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / Apr. 15 return has been reviewed by the Office of Philadelphia Regional Office of the Internal Government Ethics and will be filed in the Revenue Service.

Nomination of G. Kim Wincup To Be an Assistant Secretary of the Air Force April 15, 1992

The President today announced his inten- he served as staff director of the House tion to nominate G. Kim Wincup, of Mary- Armed Services Committee in Washington, land, to be an Assistant Secretary of the DC. Air Force for Acquisition, Research, and Mr. Wincup graduated from DePauw Development. He would succeed John J. University (B.A., 1966) and the University Welch, Jr. of Illinois (J.D., 1969). He was born Sep- Since 1989, Mr. Wincup has served as tember 6, 1944, in St. Louis, MO. Mr. Assistant Secretary of the Army for Man- Wincup served in the U.S. Air Force, 1970– power and Reserve Affairs at the U.S. De- 73. He is married, has three children, and partment of Defense. From 1984 to 1989, resides in Bethesda, MD.

Nomination of James P. Covey To Be an Assistant Secretary of State April 15, 1992

The President today announced his inten- Eastern and South Asian Affairs for the Na- tion to nominate James P. Covey, of the tional Security Council in Washington, DC, District of Columbia, to be Assistant Sec- 1985–86; as Deputy Executive Secretary at retary of State for South Asian Affairs. This the U.S. Department of State, 1983–85; and is a new position. as Deputy Principal Officer at the U.S. Since 1989, Mr. Covey has served as Prin- Consulate General in Jerusalem, Israel, cipal Deputy Assistant Secretary for Near 1980–83. Eastern and South Asian Affairs at the U.S. Mr. Covey graduated from St. Lawrence Department of State in Washington, DC. University (B.A., 1965). He was born March Prior to this, he served as Deputy Chief 7, 1944, in Middletown, CT. Mr. Covey of Mission at the U.S. Embassy in Cairo, served in the U.S. Army, 1965–69. He is Egypt, 1986–89; as Special Assistant to the married, has children, and resides in Wash- President and Senior Director for Near ington, DC.

Statement by Press Secretary Fitzwater on Restrictions on Air Traffic To or From Libya April 15, 1992

The President has signed an Executive craft from landing in, taking off from, or order taking effect at 11:59 p.m. today to overflying the United States as part of or implement U.N. Security Council Resolu- a continuation of a flight to or from Libya. tion 748 by imposing additional sanctions This prohibition covers legs or continuations on Libya. The Executive order bars any air- of flights as well as direct flights. The Secre-

607 Apr. 15 / Administration of George Bush, 1992 tary of the Treasury, in consultation with ecutive Order No. 12543, January 7, 1986. the Secretary of Transportation and other Taken together with the preexisting embar- Cabinet and senior administration officials, go, today’s Executive order puts the United has primary responsibility for implementing States in full compliance with U.N. Security this new ban. Council Resolution 748. This prohibition is in addition to the comprehensive embargo on U.S. exports to and Note: The Executive order is listed in Ap- imports from Libya adopted pursuant to Ex- pendix E at the end of this volume.

Letter to Congressional Leaders Reporting on Restrictions on Air Traffic To or From Libya April 16, 1992

Dear Mr. Speaker: (Dear Mr. President:) Sanctions Regulations, 31 C.F.R. Part 550, I have issued an Executive order (copy the only provision in Resolution No. 748 enclosed) entitled ‘‘Barring Overflight, requiring implementation in the United Takeoff, and Landing of Aircraft Flying to States is that containing restrictions on air- or from Libya,’’ pursuant to my authority craft en route to or from Libya. The Execu- under the Constitution and the laws of the tive order provides that no aircraft may United States of America, including the ‘‘take off from, land in, or overfly the International Emergency Economic Powers United States, if the aircraft, as part of the Act, as amended (50 U.S.C. 1701, et seq.), same flight or as a continuation of that the National Emergencies Act (50 U.S.C. flight, is destined to land in or has taken 1601, et seq.), section 1114 of the Federal off from the territory of Libya.’’ Aviation Act of 1958, as amended (49 U.S. sanctions already cover other meas- U.S.C. App. 1514), section 5 of the United ures called for in Resolution No. 748, in- Nations Participation Act of 1945, as cluding its prohibitions on the supply of air- amended (22 U.S.C. 287c), and section 301 craft and aircraft components; the engineer- of title 3 of the United States Code. I am ing or maintenance servicing of Libyan air- taking this action in implementation of craft or aircraft components; the certifi- United Nations Security Council Resolution cation of airworthiness for Libyan aircraft; No. 748 of March 31, 1992, and in order to take additional steps pursuant to the na- the insuring of, or payment of new insur- tional emergency declared in Executive ance claims relating to Libyan aircraft; the Order No. 12543 of January 7, 1986, in con- provision of arms and related materials; the sequence of Libya’s refusal to hand over granting of licensing arrangements for the the two men indicted in the explosion of manufacture, maintenance, or production Pan Am Flight 103 over Lockerbie, Scot- of, or maintenance technology for, arms and land, and Libya’s continued support for related material; and the furnishing of mili- international terrorism. This report is being tary advisory services. Resolution No. 748 provided pursuant to section 401(b) of the also calls on governments to reduce the National Emergencies Act (50 U.S.C. number and level of Libyan diplomats in 1641(b)). their territory; prevent the operation of Lib- Security Council Resolution No. 748 im- yan Arab Airlines offices; and deny entry poses mandatory, multilateral sanctions by to or expel Libyan nationals who have been member states against Libya, effective April denied entry to or expelled from other 15, 1992, if certain conditions are not met. countries for involvement in terrorist activi- Because the United States already maintains ties. a comprehensive embargo against Libya I have sent the enclosed order fully im- pursuant to Executive Orders Nos. 12543 plementing Resolution No. 748 to the Fed- and 12544, implemented in the Libyan eral Register for publication.

608 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / Apr. 16

Sincerely, Note: Identical letters were sent to Thomas S. Foley, Speaker of the House of Represent- atives, and Dan Quayle, President of the Senate. The Executive order is listed in Ap- GEORGE BUSH pendix E at the end of this volume.

Remarks to the Lehigh Valley 2000 Community in Allentown, Pennsylvania April 16, 1992

My fellow president, thank you very, very the folks here from Allentown and Easton much. [Laughter] This is a nonpolitical ap- and Bethlehem, the leading lights of Lehigh pearance, if there is any such thing in a Valley. Last but not least, let me say hello strange political year. But let me just say to the students of Dieruff High, with special this: I’m very glad that Hilda is not running thanks to the band. It was first-class music. for President this year. [Laughter] And Thank you all very, very much. thank you for your introduction. I don’t know who is in charge of signs And may I congratulate all six of these around this place, but they did a first-class guys that spelled out the six educational job, all through the building and everyplace goals, reminding us of what our national else. And it’s astonishing to be here with goals are. And I asked one of them if he the class of ’92 as a graduate of the class was nervous. He shook me off, said no. I of ’42. I realize the world I thought of as don’t believe him, but—[laughter]—they new, for you, well, it’s history. But look now did a first-class job, all of them, every one at the world you’ll soon call your own, at of them. the pace of change that we’ve come to ex- And may I pay my respects to our very pect. Each day we see history played out able Secretary of Education, Lamar Alexan- in the headlines, literally. Old empires ex- der, former Governor, now challenging this pire; new worlds are born. In the past 6 country with America 2000 and doing a su- months alone, 6 months, we’ve seen the perb job for all the American people; and birth of 18 new nations. Who knows how at my side in the United States Congress, many there will be by the time you take caring deeply about education, telling me your big geography final a few weeks from over and over again about the changes and now. the wonder that’s taking place right here in the valley, Don Ritter, your Congress- But the challenges we face, the sheer man. He’s doing a first-class job in Wash- complexity of our world, cannot obscure the ington. basic values that guide this Nation. Times May I salute Mayors Daddona and Smith, change; but truths, fundamental truths, en- the Mayor of Allentown and the Mayor of dure. I’m talking about the big issues that Bethlehem, and of course, pay my respect shape our world, about the values close to to Ed Donley, a driving force behind Le- home. Everything I’ve tried to do and done high Valley 2000 and cochair of Pennsyl- to preserve and advance three precious leg- vania 2000. And my respect also to she who acies: strong families, good jobs, and a world led us in the pledge, Ann Snyder, the val- at peace. These are my goals. They should edictorian of the class of ’92. Ann, thank be all of ours. Securing those legacies has you; our guests who did such a great job been my mission as President, and it’s going with the goals; Mike Meilinger, the prin- to be my mission today and every day as cipal, and I thank him for calling this special long as I am President of the United States. assembly today and getting a lot of you out You know, right now here in Allentown of class. You ought to be grateful to him. and across America, the number one con- My special thanks to the parents and the cern is the economy. Turning this economy teachers and the staff. Thanks also to all around, creating jobs is the mission that

609 Apr. 16 / Administration of George Bush, 1992 matters most. Listen to what people say education leaders assembled, civic leaders, about the economy. Get beneath the cold to tell me about this exciting change taking statistics; get down to the real heart of this place right here in Lehigh Valley. issue. People want to know whether they Education, it represents a perfect com- can keep the job they’ve got and whether munity of interest between the individual they’re on track for a better one. For their and society, between one generation and kids, for each one of the students here the next, between the proud history we today, parents have got grander visions, must pass on and the path-breaking future great hopes: Not just a job, a career; work we must create. And in terms of America’s that means more than simply making ends economic future, education is nothing less meet; work that gives real meaning to your than a matter of economic survival. It’s just life. this simple: Better schools mean better jobs. People have a right to ask, ‘‘What is Gov- You’ve seen the news stories. You’ve ernment’s role in all of this?’’ No, we can’t heard the statistics. Anyone who worries legislate the American dream. But Govern- about slack productivity or a bad balance ment can serve as a catalyst for change, of trade ought to be alarmed about the test clearing away the obstacles to economic scores. Millions of students work hard; mil- growth and the unnecessary costs of doing lions of dedicated teachers, doing their very business, expanding the opportunities for best; and still, in one test after another, aggressive businesses, for enterprising indi- America’s children score at or near the bot- viduals to create new jobs, training and educating our children, giving you the tools of tom ranks of international achievement. We thought you’ll need to compete in this new, don’t need another test to tell us something exciting world economy. is wrong with the state of American edu- The fate of America’s economic future cation. For the sake of every student here rests on five key reforms: today, we’ve got to shake off any sense of Free and fair trade, our ability to break complacency; we’ve got to shake up the sta- down barriers, open new markets to Amer- tus quo. ican goods; Now, in a sense, I’m preaching to the Our future rests on legal reform, on end- choir because here in Lehigh Valley that’s ing the explosion of litigation that strains a lesson you learned long ago, years ago. our patience and saps our economy. We’re But you didn’t wait for word from Washing- suing each other too much. We ought to ton, DC. You didn’t stand back and watch be helping each other more; another generation of kids get less edu- On health care reform, opening up access cation than they deserved. This community to all Americans, controlling the runaway took a direct interest in what was going on cost of health care without sacrificing choice in the classroom. This community came to- and without sacrificing the best quality gether. This community took action. health care in the entire world; I took office determined to put the power And then on Government reform, be- of the Presidency behind change. More cause only if we reverse a generation of than 2 years ago, we took a strong first step. creeping bureaucracy and only if we restore Working together with the Nation’s Gov- limits to Government can we restore public ernors, Democrat and Republican alike, we trust; set six ambitious goals for the year 2000. It Finally, the reason I’ve come here to the never had been done before. Every Amer- valley today: Our future depends on edu- ican child must start school ready to learn. cation reform, on our ability to revolution- We must raise the high school graduation ize, literally reinvent our schools, to take rate to 90 percent. We must put in place a that revolution beyond the four walls of the system of world-class standards and tests to classroom, transform our attitudes and measure students’ progress. We must be ideas, the way we think about education. first in the world in math and science. By And I wish every adult and every kid the year 2000, every American adult must could have been with me a few minutes be literate, and every American school must ago as some of the leaders, business and be free of drugs, free from the violence that

610 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / Apr. 16 today too often follows our kids into the ought to read to their kids. Parents ought classroom. Let me sum up the six goals this to read to their kids. way: Together, by the year 2000, we must And we must never be too busy to teach create the best schools in the world for our them right from wrong, to take an interest children. in the things that they worry about and Let me share a story that our Secretary, wonder at, and to listen, really listen to what Lamar, told me about a little girl, a fourth they say. We owe it to our children and grader named Ariane Williams. At the kick- to ourselves to see that we live in commu- off for New Orleans 2000 down in Louisi- nities that care about education, commu- ana, she stood up, and here’s what she said, nities where learning can happen. ‘‘These goals are not just the President’s You’ve got every right to ask, ‘‘What can goals. They’re not just the Governor’s goals. Washington do to help?’’ Well, here’s one They are the Nation’s goals.’’ That little girl way we can. Today, I want to announce a got the message, and so do you here in new legislative initiative that I call the ‘‘life- this valley. Goals define the mission. They time education and training account,’’ a tell us where we want to go, not how to package of grants and line of credit worth get there. $25,000 to every eligible American to fur- That’s why, as I was reminded at this ther their education or acquire new job meeting I told you about, nearly one year skills to make the most of their abilities. ago today, I mapped out a strategy I call I’ve said before if we want to compete in America 2000, a plan to revolutionize Amer- ican education. Then I heard the progress the 21st century, we’ve got to become a that had been made before that even began, Nation of students. To do that, we’ve got to break the mold and, for the sake of our to take a new approach to the old notions children, put an end to business-as-usual. of student aid. Think of the working moth- Two days from now, we’re going to mark er, balancing her responsibility for her fam- the first anniversary of America 2000. Let ily and her job against her own hopes for me share with you today a kind of report the future. She’d take one college course card, if you will, on what we’ve accom- at a time, but she doesn’t qualify right now plished. In one year’s time, we’ve seen for the grant or loan that would help pay America 2000 literally catch fire all across tuition. Our ‘‘lifetime education and training this country. Already, 43 States and more account’’ would help her get back into the than 1,000 communities, from Grand Junc- classroom. Here’s the message for the stu- tion, Colorado, to Lewiston, Maine, have dents here today and for their parents: Edu- joined the America 2000 crusade. Every- cation doesn’t end with graduation; learning where, people like you are working to break has got to be a lifelong pursuit. down the barriers between the classroom I came to Lehigh, to one of the first com- and the community, to spark a grassroots munities to join the America 2000 crusade, revolution to reinvent, not just rework but to set the agenda for the second year of to literally reinvent the American school. America 2000. Our next step forward de- But you know that story because, once pends on our success in building a consen- again, Lehigh Valley has led the way. sus for change around four core ideas, four I want to share with you an old African ways to build on what we’ve begun, to trans- proverb that’s the motto of Minnesota 2000, form the Federal Government into a cata- ‘‘It takes an entire village to educate one lyst for real education reform. First, if we’re child.’’ And that is what it takes because serious about reaching our goals, we must education doesn’t just happen in the class- set world-class standards in five core sub- room. It doesn’t start at 8:20 each morning jects and establish a series of voluntary and end at 5 of 3. All of us lead busy lives, American achievement tests to measure our but we must never be too busy to read to children’s progress. our kids. And if I might ad lib something Second, we’ve got to grant States and in here, I am very, very proud of Barbara local school districts relief from Federal Bush for setting an example about how fam- rules and regulations that limit their ability ilies ought to stay together and how families to improve educational achievement and do

611 Apr. 16 / Administration of George Bush, 1992 nothing to help us meet our national edu- street or the one across town, whether it’s cation goals. And parenthetically, I’m told private, parochial, yeshiva, or Bible school, by the leaders I met with today that the let parents, not the Government, make that Governor of this State has granted such reg- choice. ulatory flexibility and regulatory relief to And let’s be clear. If we deny parents this community effort here. Our teachers school choice, if we deny that choice, let’s and our principals deserve flexibility, free- recognize who’s hurt worst by the status dom to use their frontline experience on quo. It’s not the well-to-do. It’s not the rich what works best in their schools to meet guy. It’s not the upper-middle class. It’s not these national goals. Has anyone asked the any one of us who ever went house-hunting teachers here today, ‘‘How can we ask you with a map of the good school districts. to teach and then tie your hands?’’ Deny people school choice, and the ones Third, we’ve got to launch a wide-open you hurt most are the middle class and effort to create thousands of new American schools, starting with at least one in every lower and especially the poor. congressional district all across the United That’s why choice is catching on in some States. Right here in Lehigh Valley, you’re of the hardest hit neighborhoods in this Na- hard at work on your plan to make this tion. Talk to parents that are spearheading community home to its own new American the school choice crusade, people like now- school. I heard the exciting proposals on famous Polly Williams in Milwaukee. They’ll that today. These break-the-mold schools tell you how the lack of choice left them won’t conform to any one blueprint. Some powerless to force change and how a public may make a quantum leap forward into to- school bureaucracy turned students into sta- morrow’s technologies. Others might seek tistics and parents into pawns. Look at Mil- to reach the future by restoring older tradi- waukee today, pioneering school choice, giv- tions, the discipline and disciplines of an ing poor parents control and poor children earlier era. Each one of these schools would a sense of pride. Look at the schools closer be a living example of how we can reinvent to home, East Harlem, where teachers put American education. All we need now from their names on waiting lists to get a chance Congress is the seed money to help people to teach in a choice school. They can’t wait like you translate ideas into action. to stand in front of a classroom of children Fourth, we must create an incentive to who want to be there, who want to learn. improve education by promoting school Choice works, and here’s why. When our choice. For far too long, we’ve shielded our students are a captive audience, our schools schools from competition, allowed the sys- have no incentive to improve. Say what you tem a damaging monopoly power over stu- want about reforming our schools, if you’re dents. Well, just as monopolies are bad for for change, you are for school choice. These the economy, they’re bad for our kids. four ideas are generating interest and en- Every parent should have the power to choose which school is best for his child, thusiasm among Governors and mayors, public, private, or religious. Democrats, Republicans, liberals, conserv- Look at our colleges; look at America’s atives; among business leaders, Ed Donley colleges; look at the students. Our university right here and the Allentown-Lehigh Coun- system is the envy of the world. Each year, ty Chamber of Commerce to the Fortune we make over $20 billion in Federal grants 500; among teachers and students and par- and loans directly to students, one of every ents and principals, everyone at every level two students enrolled in college right now, who understands the need for change. to use at the university of their choice. No Everyone, that is, except the leaders of one asks whether they enroll at Penn State the United States Congress. At a moment or Pennsylvania University or Villanova or when the consensus for change seems to be Lehigh or Lafayette. It’s time we make the reaching critical mass, on Capitol Hill you same choice available to all parents from can watch the last stand of the status quo. the moment their children go to school. Forces there are waging a last-ditch effort Whether it’s the public school on your to put the brakes on change, to preserve

612 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / Apr. 16 the business-as-usual approach that brought out of the way and stay behind. No more us the present crisis in education. The business as usual. Congress can drag its feet, mindset up on Capitol Hill reminds me of but it cannot stop change. a letter I got the other day from an elemen- Lehigh Valley is living proof of the words tary school student, a little girl named of the great Abraham Lincoln, ‘‘Revolutions Haruka Abe. ‘‘I like,’’ she says, ‘‘when my do not go backward.’’ There’s a time early teacher reads my class some books because in every revolution when the status quo everybody gets sleepy.’’ [Laughter] Well, it looks steady and strong and the forces that reminds me of Capitol Hill and the way challenge it weak and without effect. And they’re approaching change. Take a look at there’s the moment when the forces of the bill that’s now winding its way through change carry the day; the bankruptcy of the the Congress, the tired old ideas, tried and status quo stands revealed, and the whole failed, that it wants to substitute for the four hollow house of cards collapses. path-breaking ideas I mentioned a moment The revolution in American education is ago. already underway. In Lehigh Valley and in As part of America 2000, we asked Con- communities all across America, the old gress for authority to help develop world- ways are being pushed aside. They’re being class standards and American achievement abandoned; new ideas, advanced. This revo- tests, tools that would help us measure our lution will triumph for the simplest and the students’ progress, help families understand strongest of reasons, because American par- where their kids might stand, and assess the ents want the best for their children and return we’re getting for our education dol- also because there isn’t a single child any- lars. And the status quo crowd up there where in the United States of America who on Capitol Hill said ‘‘slow down’’ to testing doesn’t deserve the best education possible. and standards. I asked Congress for funds From our schools to our courts, from our for this new American schools. Congress hospitals to the halls of Government, from said no, no to even funding one percent, the neighborhoods outside our door to the 535 of 50,000 new American schools that realities of the new world economy, the this Nation needs. They want to funnel need for reform won’t wait. The only ac- more Federal dollars into these existing ceptable response is the American response. mandated business-as-usual State bureauc- We must rekindle a revolution, a revolution racies, the very same bureaucracies that put to bring change to the country that’s us where we are today. And we asked the changed the world. The American people Congress for flexibility for teachers, flexibil- have made their choice. The American peo- ity for principals. And Congress said, ‘‘No, ple want change. And you here in Lehigh let’s stick to the status quo.’’ And finally, Valley can proudly say, ‘‘We are out front we asked the Congress to fund pilot pro- for fundamental, constructive change.’’ grams to promote school choice, programs Thank you all for this wonderful day of to help poor families in six American cities. learning, this warm welcome. Any may God And Congress said no to school choice. bless the United States of America. Thank So today, let me just serve notice on the you very much. lobby, on the education lobby and their friends back on Capitol Hill: One year ago, Note: The President spoke at 12:35 p.m. at I asked you to join with me in a revolution, Dieruff High School. In his remarks, he re- a revolution to be part of America 2000. ferred to Hilda Rivas, the school’s senior The time has come to get on board or get class president.

613 Apr. 16 / Administration of George Bush, 1992

Nomination of Roger A. McGuire To Be United States Ambassador to Guinea-Bissau April 16, 1992

The President today announced his inten- of the U.S. Liaison Office in Windhoek, Na- tion to nominate Roger A. McGuire, of mibia, 1989–90; and Deputy Examiner of Ohio, a career member of the Senior For- the Board of Examiners of the Foreign eign Service, class of Counselor, to be Am- Service, 1988–90. In addition, he served as bassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary Deputy Director of the Office of West Afri- of the United States of America to the Re- can Affairs at the U.S. Department of State, public of Guinea-Bissau. He would succeed 1986–88; and Political Officer at the Amer- William H. Jacobsen, Jr. ican Embassy in Lusaka, Zambia, 1983–86. Currently Mr. McGuire serves as Prin- Mr. McGuire graduated from Beloit Col- cipal Officer at the American Consulate in lege (B.A., 1965) and the University of Wis- Porto Alegre, Brazil. Prior to this, he served consin (M.A., 1967). He was born July 1, as Charge´ d’Affaires at the American Em- 1943, in Troy, OH. Mr. McGuire is mar- bassy in Windhoek, Namibia, 1990; Director ried, has two children, and resides in Brazil.

Radio Address to the Nation on Job Training 2000 April 18, 1992

This past week I spent some time in the How will this lifetime education account town of Fraser, Michigan. I met with work- help real families? Think of a single mother ers at a major machine tool factory and struggling to balance her responsibility for talked with them and local business leaders her family and for her job against her own about a program I call Job Training 2000. hopes for the future. Her dream is to set Thursday, I was in Allentown, Pennsylvania, aside one night a week and take one college in the Lehigh Valley, one of the first com- course at a time. But money’s tight, and munities to take up our America 2000 cru- under present Federal rules as a part-time sade to revolutionize this Nation’s schools. student she doesn’t qualify for the grant or In Michigan and in Pennsylvania, I an- loan that would help pay tuition. That just nounced specific proposals, legislative initia- doesn’t make sense. Here’s a woman willing tives aimed at helping people with two of to work hard to better herself, stopped short the real building blocks of opportunity: ad- by a program that works against her. With vancing their education and sharpening our lifetime line of credit, all that would their job skills. If acted on by Congress, change. The woman would be able to go these initiatives will make a real impact on to school, bring that distant dream another the way people live, not just in Fraser and day closer. When Government can help in Allentown but all across America. people help themselves, that’s the kind of Let me start with a concept I call the Government we need. ‘‘lifetime education and training account,’’ And the other proposal I announced was a package of grants and a line of credit a new apprenticeship initiative, a companion worth $25,000 to every eligible American program to our Job Training 2000. To see to use to further their education or acquire what kind of difference this initiative can new job skills to make the most of their make, take that same family, the working abilities. It’s a new way of thinking about mother I mentioned earlier, this time with an old idea known as student aid. And it’s a 17-year-old son, a senior in high school. based on this simple fact: Education does He’s made the decision that it’s time for not end with graduation. him to enter the working world, to help

614 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / Apr. 18 out by bringing home a paycheck. Right do to open the doors of opportunity to every now, he faces a tough choice, juggling American? As the President, I’ve made it school and a job. He’s trying to do both, my mission to preserve and advance three and both are suffering. He doesn’t want to legacies close to all our hearts: a world at close the door on college, but he’s feeling peace, an economy with good jobs, a Nation pressure to drop out. of strong families. The initiatives I’ve talked Our ‘‘Youth Apprentice Act’’ can help that about today can help Americans make those young man stay in school, keep his job, and legacies their own. keep his options open. It will let him sit Thank you for listening today. And as so down with his school and his employer, put many of you celebrate Passover or prepare together a course of study and a job sched- for Easter Sunday, may God bless the ule that will keep him on track for gradua- United States of America. tion. And later on, if that young man wants to change careers or go to college, he’s got a skill certificate to show future employers Note: This address was recorded at 8 a.m. and a diploma that really means something. on April 16 in the Cabinet Room at the Each one of these initiatives begins with White House for broadcast after 9 a.m. on the same question: What can Government April 18.

Statement on Actions to Support Democracy in Cuba April 18, 1992

I am strongly committed to actions that Rights Commission meeting in Geneva. Our will bring rapid, peaceful, democratic Latin American allies rejected Cuban re- change to Cuba. My administration has pur- quests to purchase oil at less than fair mar- sued an effective policy of economic and ket prices and have called for a democratic political isolation of the Castro regime. We opening in Cuba. My administration will urge all democratic governments to join us. support free trade arrangements that bene- No nation should help bankroll this dictator- fit our sister democracies but will not accept ship. Aid to the Castro regime will prolong loopholes that aid the Castro regime. The Castro’s hold on Cuba and prolong the mis- benefits of these agreements are for govern- ery and suffering of the Cuban people. ments committed to freedom and democ- Today we are closer than ever to our goal racy. of returning freedom to Cuba. The Russian The ‘‘Cuban Democracy Act of 1992’’ Government has announced that economic seeks to build on the strong prodemocracy relations with Cuba will be on a hard cur- policy of my administration. I applaud such rency basis. Also, Russia is withdrawing the efforts and endorse the objectives of this former Soviet brigade and announced that legislation to isolate Cuba until democratic as of January 1, 1992, it was ending all sub- change comes to that embattled island. sidies to Cuba. Castro is on his own. Cuba I believe in and I am committed to work has lost a source of economic and military with the Congress this session to pass a aid that has totaled as much as $5 billion stronger, more effective ‘‘Cuban Democracy annually in some years. Cuban trade with Act,’’ which tightens the embargo and closes the new Independent States amounts to a any unintentional loopholes that could ben- mere fraction of its trade with the former efit the Castro regime while preserving the Soviet Union. proper constitutional prerogatives of the For the first time, the Russian Republic Congress and the President. voted with countries from Latin America, However, as currently written, the Africa, and Asia to condemn Cuba’s human ‘‘Cuban Democracy Act’’ could, without in- rights abuses at the United Nations Human tending to do so, weaken the embargo. It

615 Apr. 18 / Administration of George Bush, 1992 could result in the transfer of millions of as a weapon against embargo violators. dollars to the Castro regime from earnings With the appropriate changes, I expect on telecommunication services between the to be able to sign this legislation. I intend United States and Cuba. Current regula- to work with the Congress to pass a strong tions allow balanced and even improved ‘‘Cuban Democracy Act’’ this year. phone services but restrict hard currency In this spirit, I am today instructing the transfers to Cuba. Treasury Department to restrict further Additionally, we should continue to li- shipping to Cuba by issuing regulations that cense donations of food and medicines to will prohibit entry into U.S. ports of vessels nongovernmental organizations in Cuba for that are engaged in trade with Cuba. Addi- the benefit of the Cuban people. But we tionally, I am instructing Treasury to begin cannot permit either the sale of medicines the process of issuing licenses to permit or the donation of food to the Castro regime shipment of humanitarian package mail on itself. To do so, as the bill proposes, could the Miami/Havana air charter services. This directly aid the security forces of the Castro measure will further limit Cuba’s hard cur- dictatorship and could contribute to the rency earnings. building of a biotechnology industry. My administration will continue to press Finally, consistent with my proposal of 3 governments around the world on the need years ago, the legislation should strengthen to isolate economically the Castro regime. the provision providing for civil penalty au- Together we will bring to Cuba a new era thority for the Department of the Treasury of freedom and democracy.

Remarks at the Opening Ceremony of the AmeriFlora ’92 Exposition in Columbus, Ohio April 20, 1992

Well, Bob, thank you very much. Barbara ever since, anyway. [Laughter] They remain and I are just delighted to be here and, friends, for more than ever we believe in of course, delighted to be with our admired the same ideals like liberty, free trade, and and respected friend Bob Hope. May I sa- democracy. We know ours is one world, an lute our Governor, George Voinovich; the interdependent world. Lieutenant Governor, Mike DeWine; Sen- The American spirit enriches the human ator Glenn; Mayor Lashutka of Columbus; spirit, brave, unafraid, and above all, free. Dorothy and Bob Teater; Dick and Pam That spirit, the spirit of discovery, forged Frank; and of course, the one you heard America, for Christopher Columbus be- from earlier, Mr. John Wolfe and his wife, lieved the mariner must, in his words, Ann, John having done so much for this ‘‘probe the secrets of the world.’’ So, the city. son of a Genoese weaver took that first step And thank you all for the privilege of at- in a trek that ultimately produced the tending this marvelous AmeriFlora ’92, America’s celebration of discovery. It’s great United States of America. to be back in Columbus, this wonderful city, In saluting his quincentennial, we salute where my dad was born and grew up. how freedom’s ship has sailed to every cor- First, I appreciate the brevity of the Bob ner of the Earth. We Americans celebrate Hope introduction. [Laughter] Bob was tell- discovery because we’re never satisfied, being me about Columbus’ discovery of Amer- cause we are ever romancing the next hori- ica; we were talking a little history. He was zon. That is why this beautiful sculpture saying that one result of Columbus’ voyage here in front of us reminds us of the sails was the trade that first introduced broccoli of the Nin˜a, Pinta, and the Santa Maria, to the Europeans. They’ve been our friends and why, too, a full-size replica of

616 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / Apr. 20 the Santa Maria graces the Scioto River. by investing more in research and develop- Here in the largest city in the world bear- ment, investing more in new technology, in- ing the explorer’s name, we honor Colum- vesting more in education. We’re Ameri- bus for the same reason as people in Peoria cans. Performance is our name. So, as we or Prague. We believe that the individual concede what’s changed in the world, let’s can make a difference and that human dig- prove what has not changed: America can nity can, indeed, change the world. Most still outwork and outproduce and of all, we know that dignity stems from val- outcompete any nation anywhere. ues like hard work and self-reliance and I thought of our country yesterday as Bar- faith. In 1492, those values sustained Co- bara and I attended our little church, little lumbus’ voyage. In 1992, they must sustain Easter service there in a little tiny church our voyage to do right and thus achieve in Maine. As I looked around our church, good. we gave thanks for all that has truly blessed Today, our world is smaller, faster than America. Now, it is my pleasure to intro- in Columbus’ time, our fates at home linked duce someone who has blessed my life, the to those abroad. Yet we need to keep these life of the Bush family. For 2 years she values in our hearts and in our minds. Co- has been your honorary patron of this mar- lumbus sought a new world. The values I velous fair, honorary patron of AmeriFlora. refer to can help create a new world order. She’s sure been around the world, continu- Already, we see the outlines of a new ing Columbus’ grand tradition. You might world economy. Over the next week I’m remember how Columbus arrived in Amer- going to be talking about this economy and ica and his luggage wound up in China. how it can grow in the decades ahead. We [Laughter] But anyway, for 47 years, she’s need, as President Nixon once said, ‘‘an been my wife. Ladies and gentlemen, your open world, open cities, open hearts, open honorary chairman, my wife, our First Lady, minds.’’ Only then can we not merely trade Barbara Bush. with other nations but profit from other nations, profit economically, intellectually, cul- Note: The President spoke at 11:05 a.m. In turally, and spiritually. his remarks, he referred to Dorothy Teater, In Columbus’ day, commerce meant gold Franklin County commissioner, and her and trinkets. In our day, commerce means husband, Robert; Richard M. Franks, chair- the exchange of goods and ideas that foster man of the AmeriFlora ’92 management free markets, free governments, and ulti- committee, and his wife, Pamela; and John mately, freedom itself. And that is why F. Wolfe, chairman of the board of trustees America must always be ready to compete of AmeriFlora ’92, and his wife, Ann.

Nomination of Dennis P. Barrett To Be United States Ambassador to Madagascar April 20, 1992

The President today announced his inten- Agency for International Development in tion to nominate Dennis P. Barrett, of the Bureau for Africa, 1988; Asia Liaison Washington, to be Ambassador to the for the Bureau of External Affairs, 1984– Democratic Republic of Madagascar. He 87; and Office Director for East Asian Af- would succeed Howard K. Walker. fairs, 1982–84. Since 1988, Mr. Barrett has served as Mr. Barrett graduated from the University Mission Director with the U.S. Agency for of Portland (B.A., 1959) and the University International Development in Pretoria, of Southern California (M.P.A., 1966). He South Africa. Prior to this, he served with the U.S. Department of State with the

617 Apr. 20 / Administration of George Bush, 1992 was born July 21, 1936, in St. Paul, MN. and resides in Pretoria, South Africa. Mr. Barrett is married, has two children,

Nomination of William Lacy Swing To Be United States Ambassador to Nigeria April 20, 1992

The President today announced his inten- 89, and as Director of the Office of Foreign tion to nominate William Lacy Swing, of Service Career Development and Assign- North Carolina, a career member of the ments, 1985–87. In addition, Ambassador Senior Foreign Service, class of Career Swing has served as U.S. Ambassador to the Minister, to be Ambassador Extraordinary Republic of Liberia, 1981–85, and the Peo- and Plenipotentiary of the United States of ple’s Republic of the Congo, 1979–81. America to the Federal Republic of Nigeria. Ambassador Swing graduated from Ca- He would succeed Lannon Walker. tawba College (B.A., 1956) and Yale Univer- Since 1989, Ambassador Swing has served sity (M. Div., 1960). He was born Septem- as U.S. Ambassador to the Republic of ber 11, 1934, in Lexington, NC. Ambas- South Africa. Prior to this, he served at the sador Swing has one child and resides in U.S. Department of State as Deputy Assist- Pretoria, South Africa. ant Secretary of State for Personnel, 1987–

Nomination of Linda Gillespie Stuntz To Be Deputy Secretary of Energy April 20, 1992

The President today announced his inten- Secretary for Policy, Planning, and Analysis, tion to nominate Linda Gillespie Stuntz, of 1989–92, and as Acting Assistant Secretary Virginia, to be Deputy Secretary of Energy. for Fossil Energy, 1991. She would succeed W. Henson Moore. Ms. Stuntz graduated from Wittenberg Currently Ms. Stuntz serves as Acting University (A.B., 1976) and Harvard Law Deputy Secretary and Acting Assistant Sec- School (J.D., 1979). She was born Septem- retary for Domestic and International En- ber 11, 1954, in Bellefontaine, OH. Ms. ergy Policy at the U.S. Department of En- Stuntz is married, has two children, and re- ergy. Ms. Stuntz has served with the U.S. sides in Alexandria, VA. Department of Energy as Deputy Under

Remarks Prior to a Meeting With Business Leaders April 21, 1992

I am very pleased to welcome to the States in the former U.S.S.R. from com- White House this morning 16 senior Amer- mand to market economies and from au- ican business leaders to discuss how the thoritarian to democratic governments. We American private sector can help to meet are determined to expand the volume of the most important foreign policy challenge our trade and investment with them. And that faces us, the transformation of the new I would like to announce today a series of

618 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / Apr. 21 measures to meet these important objec- tunity to compete in these markets. The tives. American private sector should seize this First, I have asked that current negotia- opportunity to do business with these coun- tions with all the new States on trade, bilat- tries. It’s a vast and rich market, and ex- eral investment, and tax treaties be expe- panding our business ties will benefit the dited and completed as soon as possible. American people. These agreements will provide greater ac- Increased trade means new markets for cess for our companies, and they will lay American goods, greater opportunities for a new foundation for our future commercial American investors, and more jobs for relationships. American workers. The U.S. increased its Second, I have also asked OPIC, the exports of manufactured goods to the Overseas Private Investment Corporation, U.S.S.R. by nearly 40 percent in 1991. We and the Ex-Im Bank, the Export-Import should aim to do even better this year and Bank, to negotiate new agreements and ex- the next. pand their operations in the former This is a defining moment in this century. U.S.S.R., another critical step so that Amer- And indeed, the private sector’s role is abso- ican firms can compete equally and fairly lutely critical. The need for capital, ad- for a share of the new markets there. vanced technology, and human expertise in And third, I would like to reiterate my these countries during this decade and into call to the Congress in a spirit of bipartisan- the next century will be far too great for ship to pass, in time for my summit meeting governments alone to meet. A great eco- with President Yeltsin in June, the ‘‘FREE- nomic transformation to liberate the peoples DOM Support Act,’’ the landmark legisla- of the former Soviet Union and benefit our tion that I announced on April 1st. We hope own people will only occur if our private the business leaders here today and the firms invest and trade to show them the larger American business community will way. support this bill which will lift cold war re- I thank those business leaders that are strictions on trade and investment. with us here today, many of them already And finally, I have requested that our involved in trying to do business in the Secretary of Commerce, Barbara Franklin, C.I.S. countries. And I pledge my commit- create new business development commitment to this partnership with the American tees with Russia, Ukraine, and other coun- private sector. And now we will go inside tries to eliminate the barriers that currently and discuss in detail the agenda that I’ve discourage trade with them. just outlined. Thank you all very much for All these issues will be high on my agenda being here. when I meet with Presidents Kravchuk and Yeltsin. And I’m absolutely committed to Note: The President spoke at 9:33 a.m. in giving American companies every oppor- the Rose Garden at the White House.

Remarks to the Young Presidents’ Organization April 21, 1992

Thank you all. Please be seated. I am deter]—far be it from me to be throwing darts lighted to be here, and it’s delightful to have in this way. this distinguished group of executives here. But I’d like to briefly talk about some of I want to single out Doug Glant, the inter- the issues of concern, certainly of concern national president of YPO, and thank him to this group but I think of concern to all for honcho-ing this outfit and getting every- Americans, but with particular emphasis for body together. Some of you look a little the business community. Your creativity and old to be YPO’s, but nevertheless—[laugh- the know-how that I think of when I

619 Apr. 21 / Administration of George Bush, 1992 think of YPO really are the fuel that creates I’m going to let you know soon, let the this country’s wealth and provides rewarding country know soon of our final decision on and fulfilling jobs for our communities. And my attendance in Rio. the role of Government in free enterprise Here at home last week, we had some is to allow this creativity to flourish. And more heartening news about the United that means growth. States economy. All around the world, con- I know we’ve had a very difficult time sumers and companies buy American goods here, a far longer slowdown, indeed reces- and services in ever-greater amounts, de- sion in some corners, than we would have spite the sluggish performance of some of liked. But for the past 3 years we have been their own economies. U.S. exports—I look trying to promote sensible policies that will around this room and I see many who are help expand businesses and help create participating in this—U.S. exports are expe- jobs. And we’re going to continue to fight riencing a surge, rising 7 percent in Feb- for a growth agenda. I had to veto some ruary to a one-month record high of almost tax legislation recently, but we were press- $38 billion. And once again, I think in a ing at the same time for seven bullet-point good sense, American exports, manufactur- pieces of legislation that would have stimu- ing exports, are leading the way. lated the economy. I am still hopeful that This good news underscores a fundamen- we can get some of them through this Con- tal truth about our own competitiveness: If gress, and I’ll mention a couple of them we’re to succeed economically at home, we in a minute. We face a decision here in the White must succeed economically abroad. And the House now on another subject, and that’s evidence is indisputable. Open markets and the participation in the U.N. Conference on free trade mean new jobs for American the Environment and Development in Rio. workers and certainly growth for American The attendance of the U.S. President at the companies. Over the past four decades, Rio conference would add a major political trade-related jobs in our country have impetus to that undertaking; there’s no grown 3 times faster than overall American question about that at all. The world looks job creation. to us for leadership in this field. But it could We must build on this astounding success. also commit the United States to a course And already, over the past 4 years, our ex- of action that could dramatically impede ports to Mexico have more than doubled, long-term economic growth in this country. creating more than 300,000 export-related I am committed to international cooperation jobs here at home. And I remember attend- to preserve the world’s environment. I want ing a YPO meeting in Mexico about 12 to be very clear on that. And that’s why years ago, maybe 14 I think it was, when I would like to go to the conference. But we were really way behind the power curve I am not going to go to the Rio conference in terms of doing business with that coun- and make a bad deal or be a party to a try. And they were way behind the power bad deal. I am not going to sign an agree- curve in terms of a political situation that ment that does not protect the environment would permit the kind of vigorous business and the economy of this country. that I’ve just talked about here. And this is a very important decision. It’s But what we’re trying to do now is take an important decision for our environment, that improvement and lock in the gains with and it’s a very important decision for our what is known as the NAFTA, the North economy. And to play politics with the Rio American free trade agreement. With Can- conference severely undercuts the U.S. po- ada and Mexico, the North American free sition as we try now to assure a world view trade agreement will establish one of the that will protect the environment and the world’s largest trading areas, a $6 trillion economy. Negotiations are going on right market from the Yukon to Yucatan. And now to try to accomplish both before I that’s going to mean hundreds of thousands make a decision as to whether or not I will of new jobs for U.S. workers. Those that go to Rio. We are going to consider in- are fighting me or fighting us on this con- tensely this matter in the days ahead. And cept are saying it will cost jobs. We are

620 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / Apr. 21 absolutely convinced that a successful con- believed that in the first place, and I don’t clusion to that trade agreement will create believe it now. And we’re going to keep jobs, and I mean good jobs. fighting to get that stimulative cut in capital Tomorrow, on another field, I’m going to gains. be meeting with Jacques Delors, the Presi- None of our industrial competitors, major dent of the EC Commission. And with him industrial competitors, tax capital gains at will be President Cavaco Silva, an old rates comparable to ours. Germany, as some friend, President of the European Council. of you know, Germany doesn’t tax them at He is the Prime Minister of Portugal, as all. And in Japan, an entrepreneur who sells you know. And we’re going to be discussing the company that he’s built from scratch the Uruguay round of the GATT, the world pays a tax of one percent. And we are sup- trade negotiations that are so essential to posed to compete with those vigorous expanding trade for everybody. economies with a much higher capital gains Over the next decade, a successful conclu- rate. sion of that Uruguay round could pump $5 And yet, the very people who complain trillion into the global economy. And the about America’s ability to compete block U.S. share of this growth would top $1 tril- our effort, every effort to lower the capital lion. And no one should doubt our resolve gains tax. A lower rate will benefit virtually to preserve and expand the worldwide re- everyone in America, not only those who gime of open trade. GATT must be pre- run a business but anyone who owns a served for this reason: American workers house or share of stock, seeks a better job. and American companies deserve the jobs It will help a lot in the agricultural area and opportunities that those open markets of this great country of ours, too. So, it’s offer. time to stop punishing the pursuit of excel- I think these negotiations are going to be lence. And it’s time, I think, to cut the tax tough. They are going to be difficult. But on capital gains. we’re approaching them, as we have earlier We’re also working to lighten up the reg- negotiations, with a positive spirit. We will ulatory burden that Washington imposes on do our part, but the United States must every American business. Last January we not be asked to bear the entire burden of announced a 90-day moratorium on Federal compromise when it comes to hammering regulations. Wherever possible, we blocked out a successful conclusion to this GATT those regulations that discourage growth round. and we’re accelerating those that encourage There’s still much we can do to make growth. So far, the preliminary estimates America more competitive. And one of our show that we’ve saved American business serious economic problems right now—and $10 billion to $20 billion in regulatory costs. I won’t tell you too much about this, lest When new legislation is passed, clearly you tell me about it—that is the cost of new regulations are required. I’m thinking capital. And it’s too high. We know that. of the civil rights legislation that I’m very And that’s why we’re going to continue to proud of, the Americans for the Disabilities fight for a cut in the capital gains rate, cap- Act. And yes, it imposed a burden on some, ital gains tax rate. A high cap-gains rate dis- but it was overdue. It’s sound legislation. courages investment and thus business ex- It encourages people to get into the main- pansion and thus job creation. And it is very stream. And yet, there’s been some cost clear to most business people that this with that one. We renegotiated the Clean would be a helpful thing. Air Act, and that was long overdue. And Ironically, 2 years ago, in both Houses I think it’s good. We tried to use market we had a majority for reducing the capital forces, incidentally, in letting people meet gains tax. And it was beaten down purely the clean air standards, but nevertheless, by the political leadership in the United that imposed a regulatory burden. States Senate, keeping us from giving this So, now we’re trying to move forward incentive to American businesses, large and and fulfill our responsibilities for safety and small. I am continuing to fight for this. all of that but eliminate this movement to- Some call it a tax break for the rich. I never wards overregulation. And as I say, these

621 Apr. 21 / Administration of George Bush, 1992 preliminary estimates have been pretty en- program, and I strongly urge you to give couraging in terms of the savings in regu- it your support. latory costs. I’m going to soon be making Another area that I know is of concern an announcement about our battle against to people here—it is to me—and that is these excessive regulations, but for now I the area of legal reform. We have intro- simply want to say the days of overregula- duced important steps to reform our legal tion are just that, they are over. And we system, to put an end to the frivolous law- are going to stay in there to be sure that suits that mire so many businesses and indi- independent agencies, whatever they are, viduals and community activities in a bot- people, whoever come in with these exces- tomless swamp of litigation. We’ve got to sive regulations are going to have them blocked, if at all possible. sue each other less and start helping each We’re pursuing comprehensive reforms in other more. And I will continue to fight other areas that directly relate to America’s to get this Congress, hostile Congress in this long-term competitiveness. We’ve proposed, area, I might say, to at least give an up- for example, market-based health care re- or-down vote on reform of the liability sys- form to control the skyrocketing costs and tem. We haven’t even been able to get that. to bring coverage to the uninsured. I do We haven’t even been able to get it out not want to see us lose the quality of health of committee, blocked by powerful lobbies care that we have in this country by going up there. to the ‘‘pay or play’’ plan that’s going to So, here’s an area where I know your in- break a lot of small businesses, or even terests are at stake and an area where I worse, to the so-called nationalized plans would earnestly solicit your support because that have many of our neighbors sending we must start capping some of these out- their people over here for care. We are not rageous settlements that run the cost of going to go to that centralized or socialized business right off the chart, run doctors out approach to medicine. And the proposals of business, and say to Little League coach- that we have made, that give people access es, ‘‘Hey, you better not take a chance by to insurance and show much greater flexibil- coaching the Little League or this guy over ity in the insurance pool, I believe is the on third base is going to sue you.’’ And answer to this health care problem. In another way, another field, through our so, we’re going to fight this one. But again, America 2000 initiative, we are intensifying it’s an area where we need your help. our efforts to literally revolutionize, reinvent And the last point is this: The fact is that American education. It isn’t good enough none of these pressing social problems are anymore to simply throw more money at going to be solved without the voluntary in- the mandated programs that have failed the volvement of individuals and communities. young people of this country. And we’re not And when I think of YPO and the success going to do that. And we’ve gotten the Gov- that this epitomizes, this organization epito- ernors together, set six national education mizes, I think of a thousand Points of Light, goals, very sensible goals, no partisanship and I think of people who, in spite of involved in that coming together of the spending an awful lot of time building and Governors, and now we’re moving forward, creating jobs for people, they find time to trying to get this program underway. do something in the communities. From the Some legislation is required. Fortunately, very first day of this administration, we have a lot of legislation is not required, and we called on every American to be a Point of can go right to the communities to reinvent Light, to bring hope to the helpless and the American school. And it’s a good pro- to help the homeless and to love and care gram, and I urge you to take a hard look for those who are in need. And it is work- at it because I know that you know that ing. And it isn’t a Government program; it we are going to have to do a better job is simply encouraging the sense of volunta- of education, particularly in math and science, if we’re going to be competitive in rism that is in everybody. the year 2000. I think we’ve got a good Right here in your own organizations are

622 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / Apr. 21 plenty of examples of what I’m talking some families; rewarding jobs for all who about. Gay Mayer, who works with a drug seek them. rehabilitation program in his area, has You know, in these days, you hear and helped more than 100 young adults recover I hear mostly about the problems. We’ve from the ravages of drug abuse to lead pro- got a lot to be grateful for in this country. ductive lives. What one individual has been Our kids, grandkids in some cases, go to able to do just by giving of himself. Joe bed at night with far less fear of nuclear Lobozzo, who spends his Wednesday nights war. The world has changed dramatically in counseling children of alcoholics. the last 3 years, unprecedented changes that I would like today to challenge all of you nobody would have believed possible. to join these men in a movement that is In the Middle East, ancient enemies are literally transforming our country. It is at least talking about peace. South of our much more effective than having a man- border you see the emergence of democ- dated specialized program coming out of racies that none of us would have predicted some subcommittee in the United States just 3 or 4 years ago, the solidifying of the House of Representatives. And it is working. democratic way. And you see countries It is the best in ourselves. And I urge you coming to grips with their economic prob- to really, really pitch in. lems. Argentina comes to mind; Mexico, a First, I ask you to make your company sterling example of this dramatic change a Point of Light by personally devoting as that is taking place around the world. much time as you possibly can to commu- I spent this morning talking to a group nity service, encouraging the employees to of business people on working with them do the same. This whole concept of mentor- on what we can do to help democracy along ing, where businesses reach out and help in the C.I.S., the Commonwealth of these in this Education 2000 program, is really Independent States over there, led by Rus- working around the country. Secondly, you sia and then the Ukraine, with Kravchuk can encourage other leaders to make vol- coming here next month and Yeltsin the untary service part of their missions as well. And finally, you can work among your vast next. And so, there’s an awful lot of change memberships to help America itself become in this world that is good and strong and a Nation with Communities of Light, the positive. concept where an entire community comes And now what we’ve got to do is take together figuring how to solve its own enor- these ideas, and maybe some that you have mous social problems. that I haven’t mentioned, bring them to I spoke earlier with some of your leaders, bear on the economic problems so we can Doug and others, and I know that there regain the growth that is absolutely essential is support among your members to assume if the United States is going to continue this leadership role. And I know Doug has to be the leader in these very important asked David Weaver, an old friend, to work areas. with each of you to decide how you can But you’ve caught me on an upbeat day, all best respond to this challenge. a day that I am confident about the United I am convinced the results will be pro- States leadership. It is only—I might tell found. And urging this, we’re not trying to you this, and some of you can confirm this escape the responsibility of the Federal from your trips abroad—it is only our coun- Government. It’s something entirely dif- try that the others look to now as the undis- ferent. It’s the concept that Thoreau noticed puted leader of the entire world. So, we’ve years ago about the propensity of one Amer- got to fulfill those responsibilities while still ican to help another. And we’re simply try- trying to do what we can to assist those ing to revitalize this, especially in these days that are hurting right here at home. And of scarce resources and failed centralized I am confident with your help, with your mandates. continued imaginative leadership, that we So, we’ve got a lot at stake here, including can do just exactly that. the legacy that we leave our children. We So, thank you very, very much for coming all want a world at peace; strong, whole- to the White House. I didn’t intend

623 Apr. 21 / Administration of George Bush, 1992 to give you this much of a lecture, but I’m Note: The President spoke at 2:04 p.m. in just—I don’t normally have such a high-tal- Room 450 of the Old Executive Office Build- ented, captive audience. Thank you all very, ing. very much.

Statement on Earth Day April 22, 1992

Earth Day, April 22, is an opportunity to for protecting wetlands habitat, and for rededicate ourselves to leaving a better parks and recreation; quality of life for future generations. But • Signed an Executive order requiring I believe we must make every day Earth Federal Agencies, which generate 20 Day. A clean environment requires action percent of the Nation’s solid waste, to from both Government and citizens. I be- recycle paper, plastic, metals, glass, lieve that we can have both economic used oil, lead acid batteries, and tires; • growth and a cleaner, safer environment. Made polluters pay the cost of cleanup. Sound policies do not force us to choose The Justice Department and EPA have between the two. collected more fines and penalties in In just 3 years, this administration has: the first 3 years of this administration • Proposed, negotiated, and signed into than during the previous 18-year his- law a new Clean Air Act that will cut tory of the EPA. sulfur dioxide emissions in half, reduce But our work is not finished. I have called toxic air emissions by 90 percent, and on Congress to take the following actions clean up smog in cities across America; this year: • Established a moratorium until at least • Enact balanced national energy legisla- the next century on oil and gas drilling tion providing for increased energy off the coasts of California, south Flor- conservation and environmentally re- ida, Washington, Oregon, and New sponsible energy production, trans- England; mission, and use; • Led the world by proposing to phase • Establish a U.S. Department of the out CFC’s and other ozone-depleting Environment; and substances by the end of 1995, and • Increase budgets for environmental taken legislative action to put the U.S. and natural resource programs, as re- 42 percent ahead of the internationally quested in my budget. Last year, Con- required phaseout schedule; gress cut my budget requests for • Proposed to add over $1 billion in new Superfund and for America the Beau- lands to America’s parks, forests, wild- tiful, which includes funding for parks, life refuges, and recreation lands; forests, wildlife refuges, outdoor recre- • Won international agreements to pre- ation, and our program to plant one vent hazardous waste from being ille- billion trees a year across the country. gally dumped in developing countries, to ban ivory imports, to ban large-scale These measures would build upon our re- driftnet fishing, and to protect Antarc- cent progress and provide continuing mo- tica; mentum to achieve what Americans want • Increased funding sharply for imple- in the months and years ahead, environ- menting and enforcing environmental mental improvement and economic growth. laws (including a 53-percent increase in EPA’s operating budget), for Super- fund, for cleaning up Federal facilities,

624 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / Apr. 22

Remarks at the Departure Ceremony for European Community Leaders Anibal Cavaco Silva and Jacques Delors April 22, 1992

Mr. Prime Minister, this year my country will go on. celebrates the Iberian spirit of discovery. Forty-one years ago almost to the day, Half a millennium ago, Portugal and Spain the countries of Europe began their quest helped chart a course towards a new world. for unity. Over the ruins of war they laid Five hundred years later, European unity a blueprint for peace and began building guides the way towards a new world order. the foundations for economic and political Those early pioneers believed their mission cooperation. They sought unity not out of was to probe the secrets of the world. Now convenience but out of conviction, a vision we must explore the frontiers of common of economic interdependence that would in- interest and common ground. The next ho- flate the costs of war and expand the divi- rizon: a strengthened partnership between dends of peace. The wisdom of their actions the United States and the European Com- has brought us today to a new Europe munity. where peace has paid off. Prime Minister Cavaco Silva, EC Presi- Now, this new Europe has now joined dent Delors, and I and our top officials have its strength with the United States to sup- discussed areas where we may deepen co- port the spread of political and economic operation: peace efforts in the Middle East, freedom in the lands only recently liberated coordination of aid to Central and Eastern from Soviet communism. Those that we Europe, the struggle of the emergent C.I.S. helped four decades ago are now able to and international assistance, the agenda of shoulder a larger part of these new chal- next month’s EC conference in Lisbon. We lenges. also talked about Yugoslavia, where, trag- Jean Monnet, the grandfather of Euro- ically, old hatreds are opening new wounds. pean unity, once asked: ‘‘If you are in a The U.S.-EC partnership is working tire- dark tunnel and see a small light at the lessly to create conditions for a lasting end, should you turn your back on that light democratic peace. and go back into darkness, or should you No topic on our agenda is more crucial continue walking toward it even though you than the Uruguay round of trade negotia- know it’s far away?’’ Five hundred years tions. We are committed to achieving an ago, a European mariner followed the light early agreement, one that will spur eco- of his imagination to illuminate a new nomic growth not just in America but in world. For almost 50 years, the West carried Europe and all around the world. It will freedom’s torch to protect the free world. create jobs not just for our generation but Today, we stand at the shores of a new for generations to come. For Americans, world order where diverse nations are agreement will mean more than free trade drawn together in common cause to achieve abroad; it will mean for Americans good the universal aspirations of mankind: peace jobs here at home and a better standard and security, freedom and prosperity. A of living at home. strong and united Europe offers the best We had an extensive exchange of views hope for this united purpose and the best on the outstanding issues, and some new alliance for the United States. ideas on how to conclude this Uruguay I salute our two distinguished guests round were advanced by both sides. We are today, and now would like to ask Prime convinced, absolutely convinced, that the Minister Cavaco Silva to say a word. EC leaders are committed to an early agreement. And I hope they know that I am com- Note: The President spoke at 1:33 p.m. on mitted to such an early conclusion. We the South Lawn at the White House. In his agreed to continue this process. We had remarks, he referred to French diplomat some serious discussions, and the process Jean Monnet, a founder of the European

625 Apr. 22 / Administration of George Bush, 1992

Community. Prime Minister Anibal Cavaco pean Council, and Jacques Delors was Presi- Silva of Portugal was President of the Euro- dent of the European Commission.

Remarks Congratulating the 1992 Super Bowl Champion Washington Redskins April 22, 1992

Please be seated, and welcome to the of-Famer, Joe Gibbs, now with three Super Rose Garden. May I first salute, of course, Bowl victories, second only to Chuck Noll. Joe Gibbs and Charlie Casserly, and the Let’s hear it for the coach. [Applause] players, the coaches, the official family, and And yet, it’s the ‘‘National Defense’’ that the friends of the Redskins. Welcome to would make even the Pentagon proud. That the White House at last. We’re delighted great defense that still has Jim Kelly duck- to have you here. ing tacklers in his sleep—Jim, nothing per- And you can imagine how much I’ve sonal, the Skins k.o.’d opponents all year. looked forward to the event. Today we Think of linemen like Fred Stokes and honor the flagship franchise of the NFL Jumpy Geathers, Tim Johnson; or line- since 1937, a team which this year earned backers Andre Collins and Wilbur Marshall, the best mark in club history, 17 and 2. 11 tackles against Buffalo; or the secondary, We’re proud to salute the 1992 Super Bowl featuring A.J. Johnson and all-pro speed champions. demon Darrell Green. And each showed I think first of all of Mark Rypien: nearly why coach Richie Pettibon said, ‘‘It’s a case 3,600 passing yards in the regular season, of the whole being even better than the two touchdowns, the MVP award in the parts.’’ Super Bowl. Someone mentioned to me Go to Bethesda or Anacostia, travel to Al- that Mark was born in Canada. It looks like exandria or Falls Church, and they’ll talk the U.S.-Canada Free Trade Agreement is about this team molded by Joe and Charlie. paying off already, at least from our stand- They’ll talk, too, about things other than the point. [Laughter] won-and-lost record, impressive though that And often Mark threw to the beloved is. Things like Mark’s support for the Cystic number 81. And when the NFL decided Fibrosis Foundation, Art Monk’s and Ear- last month to scrap instant replay, I thought nest Byner’s work on behalf of the Food I heard a big cheer go up. Barbara said, for Families Program at Thanksgiving, Dar- ‘‘What was that?’’ I said, ‘‘I’m not sure. rell Green’s youth foundation, or the Joe Sounds like Art Monk.’’ An instant replay Gibbs Youth for Tomorrow Home. cost him one touchdown in the Super Bowl, These things explain a lot. They explain but not 60 others and a glorious career. And why the Skins have become a barometer all Washington is proud of a future Hall- of whether Monday is good or bad for of-Famer. Washingtonians. And they’re also an eco- Now, this brings me to the other mem- nomic barometer. And I was glad, for exam- bers of the Super Bowl champions. Perhaps ple, to learn that whenever the Redskins the NFL’s best offensive line, the ‘‘Hogs,’’ have won the Super Bowl, the U.S. econ- allowing a club record low, nine sacks. Next, omy has improved that year. [Laughter] with Art, members of the ‘‘Posse,’’ wide re- Other teams get covered in the sports sec- ceivers Ricky Sanders and Gary Clark. We tion; this crowd gets covered in the ‘‘Wall salute, too, running backs like Gerald Riggs Street Week.’’ Whether it’s Wall Street or and Earnest Byner; Chip Lohmiller—Cole Main Street, though, America loves the Porter must have seen the future when he Redskins. wrote, ‘‘I get a kick out of you.’’ [Laughter] And so, I just want to welcome you all And plus, of course, another future Hall- here. We’re proud to have you here, your

626 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / Apr. 23 friends, your wives, dates, and whoever else. this in any order you want, but try to do And so now let’s get on to what’s important, it before dinner—and the last one is the a little chow. But let me tell you that we’ve basketball, 10 shots from the foul line, an- got a triathlon event out here. We have the other fantastic prize. So you don’t have to horseshoe pit rigged up, and if I might spell go, and this isn’t mandatory, but I want to out the ground rules here: Women and men stand around and laugh. [Laughter] welcome, just the players and their dates Thank you very much. and friends, however, because we’ve got a time thing. And he who gets or she who gets the most ringers out of 10 tosses wins Note: The President spoke at 6:02 p.m. in a fantastic prize. On the putting green, he the Rose Garden at the White House. In or she who gets the lowest nine-hole score his remarks, he referred to Chuck Noll, wins yet another fantastic prize. And then former head coach of the Pittsburgh Steel- we move to the third event—you can do ers.

Appointment of Walter H. Kansteiner III as Special Assistant to the President and Deputy Press Secretary for Foreign Affairs April 22, 1992

The President today announced the ap- Kansteiner, Inc., in Chicago, IL. He is the pointment of Walter H. Kansteiner III, of author of ‘‘South Africa: Revolution or Rec- Illinois, to be Special Assistant to the Presi- onciliation’’ (1988). dent and Deputy Press Secretary for For- Mr. Kansteiner graduated from Washing- eign Affairs. ton & Lee University (B.A., 1977), the Mr. Kansteiner is currently Director for School of International Service at American African Affairs at the National Security University (M.A., 1981), and Virginia Theol- Council, 1991-present. Mr. Kansteiner was ogy Seminary (M.T.S., 1985). He was born a member of the State Department’s policy November 11, 1955, in Evanston, IL. Mr. planning staff from May 1989 to June 1991. Kansteiner is married, has two children, and He is a former vice president of W.H. resides in Lincoln, VA.

Nomination of James D. Jameson To Be an Assistant Secretary of Commerce April 22, 1992

The President today announced his inten- man of the board of Glenair International, tion to nominate James D. Jameson, of Cali- Ltd., in Mansfield, England, 1975-present, fornia, to be an Assistant Secretary of Com- and international director and controlling merce for Trade Development. He would shareholder of Glenair, Inc., in Glendale, succeed Timothy John McBride. Upon con- CA. firmation, he will be designated a member Mr. Jameson graduated from Stanford of the Board of Directors of the Overseas University (B.A., 1971; M.B.A., 1974). He Private Investment Corporation. was born May 26, 1949, in Glendale, CA. Since 1975, Mr. Jameson has served as Mr. Jameson is married, has two children, president and owner of LIDCO, Inc., in and resides in Rancho Santa Fe, CA. Brawley, CA. He has also served as chair-

627 Apr. 23 / Administration of George Bush, 1992

Remarks to the United States Academic Decathlon Winners April 23, 1992

Welcome all. And first, may I greet our more than 30,000 students at 3,500 schools distinguished number two over at the En- coast to coast. And now it’s just you. And ergy Department, David Kearns, coming not only did you work all year to conquer down here from a fantastic leadership role environmental science in a range of 10 cat- in American business to help us in this im- egories, you also survived the blizzard of portant America 2000 education program. 25,000 pieces of test paper out in Boise. So I’m delighted he’s with us here today. And I was impressed by your Habitat Earth I want to salute the president and the Super Quiz questions like this one: ‘‘In a board of directors of the U.S. Academic De- molecule of methane, the carbon atom is cathlon, all of them; thank particularly all at the center of what?’’ For you out there of the corporate sponsors who make so in the press—[laughter]—the answer is ‘‘a much of this possible; and also single out tetrahedron with four S-P-3 bonds.’’ Did Danny Ramirez, Chris Roorda, and Greg you get that one down? I’ll be glad to repeat Rudnick, standing up here with me today; the question. Got it? Never mind. salute the coaches and the friends. And That was easy—not! Actually, pretty most of all, a warm Rose Garden welcome tough. But I know a category I could enter: to our newest American champs, newest computers. I was just in there with Sec- American heroes if you will, the 1992 Aca- retary Kearns talking about it. I’ve been demic Decathlon champs, the team from learning how to work one because one of J. Frank Dobie High in, yes, you guessed our education goals is that nobody is too it, Houston, Texas. Now, where are they? old to learn. I wrote my first program a Stand up. And they’ve got a good front- while ago. I’m not sure what happened to row seat, too. Thank you, guys, and wel- it. It was called ‘‘Michelangelo.’’ [Laughter] come. It’s a great feat for my hometown, the highest score, I’m told, in the history Now, you kids here today represent every of the competition. And I’m very proud to team member from across the country. And welcome you all here. I hear that you wore I want to tell you and them what all of ‘‘Rose Garden or Bust’’ pins. They work. you have done for America. You’ve shown And I’m wondering if you have an extra that great things can be achieved by com- one for the fall. [Laughter] mitment, perseverance, hard work, and yes, Congratulations also to our silver and teamwork. And I salute you, and I envy you. bronze medalists from Mountain View High And you’ve found the sheer joy of learning, in Mesa, Arizona, Whitney Young Magnet beginning to understand the world. High in Chicago; our regional winners from One day a scientist will discover the cure New Jersey, Alabama, Ohio, Nebraska, and for cancer, the cure for AIDS. Other people California; our small school winner from will find new ways to feed the hungry. And Wisconsin; and our 10 individual student there will be writers whose wisdom will scholarship winners, 9 from our top 3 win- touch lives. And right now, those men and ning schools, and then Mit Robertson here women are kids in our classrooms or maybe from Tupelo, Mississippi. Welcome all. even sitting right here in the Rose Garden. I want to send special good-luck wishes Remember, study hard, and one day one to those who will represent us at the Inter- of you might grow up to be President. But national Decathlon in a couple of weeks, let’s face it, even then you’ll never make the Academic Decathlon, that is. And since as much money as your dog. [Laughter] you’re the star decathletes, tell me who is Millie, who normally comes to events like going to win at Barcelona, Dan or Dave? this, but she used to just roll over on the [Laughter] grass, and now all she rolls over is her You’ve all done something remarkable. money market account with—in the street. And this year’s contest began with 30,000, But look, you’ve shown your peers that it

628 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / Apr. 23 is as exciting to root for an academic team school ready to learn. That’s more than as an athletic one. And that’s a point I want- Head Start; Head Start’s a part of that. Our ed to make for our entire country. You’ve high school graduation rate must be 90 per- shown that it takes skill, stamina, and inten- cent. The third one: Our students will be sity to achieve in the classroom as well as achieving world-class standards. And then in the stadium. And you’ve given them a fourth: We’ll be first in the world in science priceless gift—your peers—the belief in and math, a particularly important one. And their ability to reach out and shape their then the fifth one: Every adult will be lit- own lives. erate; no one is too old to learn. And sixth: There is a new century coming, one with Every American school must be safe, must absolutely unlimited horizons. And we must be disciplined, must be drug-free, in other make sure all our children enter this new words, an environment where people can world equipped with the skills that will let learn. them dream dreams and know they can You will help us meet those challenges. make them come true. Real excellence demands commitment from One of the things that impresses me most everyone as we create a new generation of about this decathlon is that each team is American schools that demands more of the made up of A, B, and C students. And same choices of schools, public, private, or there’s a great lesson there. What matters religious, for middle class and poor Ameri- is simply that each kid be the best that he cans that wealthier families already have. or she can be. As George Patton said, ‘‘If Give them a chance to choose. a man has done his best, what else is It demands new creative partnership there?’’ We don’t want the moon for our among parents, teachers, businesses, and kids. We want something more important, kids like the community involvement that a future. encourages this decathlon and the local and And so one year ago, I unveiled America national corporate partnerships that fund it. 2000, our long-range strategy to achieve our And by the way, I want to give a special six national education goals. And it’s a chal- note to the corporate sponsors with us lenge posed to each of us in communities today, whose leadership and vision make throughout America to literally reinvent this decathlon possible. This bond really, I American education. It urges us to reach referred to it earlier, but this bond between deep within ourselves to find answers so industry and the individual is the keystone that our kids can reach for the stars. of the American spirit. The country needs Changing our attitudes about education to follow this decathlon’s example in all is too important to wait or waste a genera- these areas because for our future every cit- tion. To be competitive in this changing izen must now help every community de- world, we must realize that we succeed eco- velop a plan of action. nomically at home; if we’re to do that, we Already 43 States and over 1,000 commu- must lead economically abroad. Open mar- nities across this country have answered the kets, free trade, they mean jobs for Amer- call and have joined America 2000. This ican workers and economic growth for isn’t Democrat or Republican or liberal or American companies. But we must be pre- conservative. It is literally a move to revolu- pared to compete, ready to take advantage tionize education. And together we are rein- of these high-tech opportunities in the glob- venting American education, neighborhood al marketplace. We know our economic by neighborhood, community by community health, our economic survival depend on all across this country. And at the heart of how we educate ourselves to face the chal- it are you students, you kids, a new kind lenges of a new century. So we’ve set these of campus hero with the good values you six education goals to reach by the year learn from disciplined determination, from 2000, when today’s third and fourth graders a sharp mind that is not wasted on drugs, will be taking part in this event, this Aca- and from the confidence and pride that demic Decathlon, by then. comes from proving yourselves. And you And you all know these goals. One of will help this America 2000 dream come them, the first one: Our kids will start true.

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For a great example of this we don’t have of how Abraham Lincoln defined his own to look further than a woman who is not life when he said, ‘‘I do the very best I with us today, DC’s Rhondee Johnson, a know how, the very best I can; and I mean junior at Benjamin Banneker High who just to keep on doing so until the end.’’ I am won the National Academic Decathlon’s proud of the message all of you winning Kristen Caperton Award for Inspiration and decathletes send, that personal dedication, Courage. She takes her school responsibil- effort, and teamwork lead to success. ities so seriously that she’s helping her team And when one of you bright young people at a track meet right now instead of joining solves the problem of who created ‘‘Michel- us. And we all hope she wins the blue rib- angelo,’’ just remember, my name is Dana bon, but she’s certainly winning it in life Carvey. with her example. Rhondee’s lived with the Thank you all very much for coming. tragedy of violence. When her aunt was Congratulations, and may God bless you all. killed, her four children came to live with Rhondee’s family, making 8-year-old Rhondee the oldest of nine kids in a single- Note: The President spoke at 11:18 a.m. in parent household. She takes on a parent’s the Rose Garden at the White House. In duties, and she still manages a 4.0 average. his remarks, he referred to Deputy Sec- She is an inspiration, accepting responsibil- retary of Education David T. Kearns; win- ities and challenges and still striving to ning team captains Daniel Bruno Ramirez, excel. Christine L. Roorda, and Gregory Rudnick; She and all of you give a 1990’s example and comedian Dana Carvey.

Remarks at the Signing Ceremony for the Paper Market Access Agreement With Japan April 23, 1992

The President. May I thank Ambassador relationship between us a true partnership. Kuriyama for being here with us today, Ja- This is a very important relationship. And pan’s Ambassador to the United States, and that all will ensure that U.S. firms have the also Mike Moskow up here. Everybody same degree of access to the Japanese mar- knows him, and we’re grateful to him for ket that Japanese firms enjoy in the United his participation in all of this. States. Today does mark a milestone for both the The Paper Market Access Agreement will United States and Japan, a ceremony rep- increase opportunities and sales for foreign resenting another step toward our two coun- firms exporting paper products into Japan. tries becoming equal partners in trade. The And hereafter, the Government of Japan agreement I sign today is an important, will encourage its paper distributors, con- positive development stemming from our verters, printers, and major corporate users January trip to Japan. to increase imports of competitive foreign And I am pleased that since January, paper products. That official encouragement American companies have begun to enjoy will open the way for America’s paper in- a more positive atmosphere for doing busi- dustry to export its products into Japan’s ness in Japan. The broader commitment $27 billion market. which Prime Minister Miyazawa and I made Today’s action is good for all concerned: during my visit was the Tokyo Declaration, good for the Japanese consumer, good for and an important part that was the Global American industry, and good for the Amer- Partnership Plan of Action, an agreement ican worker. And it is also an important step to strengthen trade between our two coun- forward in our large global trading system. tries, all part of our efforts to make the As William McKinley said back in 1897,

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‘‘Good trade ensures good will.’’ And the sential, and it is in our best interest that partnership between the United States of it remain strong. America and Japan ensures that the hall- So, Mr. Ambassador, you are entitled to mark of the new globalization of trade will equal time, or should we—why don’t you be world-class quality, competitive pricing, go ahead, and then—— and of course, excellent service. Ambassador Kuriyama. Well, thank you This alliance also recognizes that inter- very much, Mr. President. active partnerships like this one strengthen The President. Thank you for being with each of us and fire up the engine of eco- us, sir. nomic growth. At the same time, it strength- [At this point, Ambassador Kuriyama ens the relationship between us and makes spoke.] the world a better, friendlier place for our children and our grandchildren. The President. Thank you, sir, very much. So I am delighted to be here. And I wel- Now I will witness, if you all do the signing. come all of you from industry and from the diplomatic corridors. And let me just say in conclusion, I view this relationship be- Note: The President spoke at 11:49 a.m. in tween the U.S. and Japan as very, very im- the Roosevelt Room at the White House. portant. And I will do my level-best as Ambassador Takakazu Kuriyama of Japan President of the United States to keep it and Deputy U.S. Trade Representative Mi- on a stable, forward-looking basis. It is es- chael H. Moskow signed the agreement.

Remarks at the Unveiling Ceremony for the White House Commemorative Stamp April 23, 1992

Thank you, Mike, very much, and greet- rotundas, and—here’s an intriguing idea— ings to all of you. May I greet Edward a draped throne for the President. [Laugh- Horgan and Kenneth Hunter, Associate ter] His design was plainer than the others, Postmasters General; Mike, thank you, sir, more befitting the house of a democratic for the introduction and those remarks; old leader, but it was still stately and dignified, friend George Haley here, the Chairman of as Washington wanted. the Postal Rate Commission. Incidentally, when he won the contest, And welcome to Peerce Farm, or as we Hoban began another Capital tradition. He call it nowadays, the White House. George promptly leaked the news to his hometown Washington selected this site for the Presi- papers in Charleston. And after many revi- dent’s house more than 200 years ago amid sions to the original design and after some apple orchards owned by a colonial farmer unfortunate redecorating by British troops named Peerce. Being a surveyor by trade, in 1814, the President’s house assumed the Washington knew what he was doing. Abi- graceful form that we celebrate today. gail Adams, the first lady to live here, wrote, ‘‘This is a beautiful spot. And the more I And 1992 marks the 200th anniversary of view it, the more I am delighted with it.’’ this magnificent building. The cornerstone It was Thomas Jefferson who suggested was laid in October of 1792, just a few yards a national competition to design the Presi- from here, though the stone itself, I’m told dent’s house. Washington himself chose the by the historians and the custodians, has design of the winner, James Hoban, an Irish never been found. You’ll notice we’re re- immigrant then living in Charleston. storing the exterior stone walls of the Resi- Hoban’s plan won out over grander designs, dence as part of the anniversary, a celebra- some of which included vast central courts, tion that includes commemorative books

631 Apr. 23 / Administration of George Bush, 1992 and museum exhibitions and symposiums. consider this properly their house. The far side of the house has been stripped One of the great blessings of the Presi- down and painted. And I’m told again by dency, obviously, is to live within the walls the historians that this is the first time that of this house, to roam its hallways, to absorb the building has been taken down to its its history, and to be reminded at every turn original stone. of the noble men who have lived here and The celebration also includes a com- of their families. But a President can never, memorative postage stamp, which is what obviously, be more than a caretaker or a brings us here this afternoon. And I thank tenant in this house, for the White House everyone who worked so hard to make this belongs, as it has for 200 years, to every stamp possible, particularly the former Post- American. master General Anthony Frank, who au- And we are very grateful, Barbara and thorized it; Jack Ruther, who we just met, I both. And we pray that God continues who did the superb design. And I hope the to bless this house as He blesses the United stamp serves as a reminder to every Amer- States of America. Thank you all very much ican that this place is truly the people’s for coming. And now, Mike, do the honors. house. One of the things I enjoy the most is [At this point the stamp was unveiled.] taking our foreign visitors over here when That concludes our brief ceremony, but the tours are on. And I’ll never forget the thank you all very much for coming. reaction when I introduced a monarch to the visiting tourists coming through here. And one of the kids started yelling, ‘‘It’s Note: The President spoke at 3:30 p.m. in a real live king, Dad. It’s a real live king.’’ the Rose Garden at the White House. In [Laughter] And it was a good experience his remarks, he referred to Acting Post- for the real live king to see how the people master General Michael S. Coughlin.

Remarks to the Forum of the Americas April 23, 1992

Please be seated. And David, thank you, went on to greater heights than being an sir. And thank you for your really vital work ambassador there, an old friend, Javier in rallying the private sector and congres- Perez de Cuellar, is with us. And I am just sional support for the North American free delighted that he could be here. And I just trade agreement, for the Enterprise for the wish I could see him. Javier? There he is. Americas Initiative. And let me say to his And may I particularly welcome all of our many friends here that David’s personal in- guests from south of the Rio Grande, lead- volvement has been a major factor in the ers from both the public and the private success we’ve enjoyed so far with both of sectors. I see several ambassadors here and these significant initiatives. And I also want many others that are in the Government to pay my respects to another old friend, sector but so many from the private sector. Ambassador George Landau of the Ameri- And we salute you for your leadership. And cas Society, and Antonio Del Valle of the let me just say this: Public or private, from Business Council of Latin America, and the United States, we are glad to be your Tom d’Aquino of the Business Council on partners. National Issues. And I am grateful for all your leadership. And I can’t think, really, of a more impor- I understand also—and I can’t see too tant moment than now to convene again this well out here with these bright lights—that Forum of the Americas. Over the last 3 somewhere out there sits an old friend, a years, we’ve seen our world literally trans- former colleague at the United Nations who formed: the Berlin Wall torn down and

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Germany peacefully unified, the people of the most exciting regions for investment is Eastern Europe and the Soviet Union liber- Latin America. ated from communism, and South Africa’s Alongside this economic revolution, we historic vote to reject apartheid. And we’ve have witnessed and played a vital role to seen Arab neighbors negotiating for the first shape a political revolution just as powerful. time face to face with Israel, and a world- Two years after we initiated Operation Just wide coalition under the banner of the Cause, Panama has replaced the repression United Nations stand up and turn back of the Noriega era with freedom and de- Iraqi aggression against Kuwait. And there’s mocracy. In El Salvador, after 12 years of been a profound change with meaning for civil war, our consistent efforts have brought every man, woman, and child on the face peace. In Nicaragua, we succeeded in our of the Earth. And we have drastically re- goal of restoring peace and democracy duced—and this is one I take great pleasure through free elections. And throughout in having been a small part of—we have drastically reduced the threat of nuclear Central America, civilian presidents hold of- war. fice, and the principle of consent of the gov- And just today, the United States took erned is now firmly established. And in steps to facilitate trade in high technology South America, Chile and Paraguay have re- goods, an initiative made possible by the joined the community of democracies. changed strategic environment and the This peaceful revolution throughout the peaceful rebirth of freedom in the formerly Americas did not happen by accident. It is Communist lands. We relaxed trade restric- the work of a new generation of courageous tions on exports that served us well during and committed democratic leaders with the cold war era but are no longer necessary whom we have worked closely in pursuit in our new world. And our actions today of common goals, those leaders supported will eliminate requirements for thousands of by this dynamic private sector that is so export licenses, including many that affected beautifully represented here tonight. computers, one of our strongest export The new spirit was demonstrated in June earners. Trade covered today by today’s de- of last year, when the OAS General Assem- regulation amounts to about $2.5 billion. bly passed a resolution designed to strength- Here in our own hemisphere, the Ameri- en the international response to threats to cas have launched an era of far-reaching democracy. Consolidating this revolution and hopeful change. We’ve made history, will not be easy; we understand that. Mil- all of us. We’re well on our way to creating lions of people in our hemisphere are still something mankind has never seen, a hemi- mired in poverty and political alienation. sphere wholly free and democratic, with Recent events in Haiti, Venezuela, and Peru prosperity flowing from open trade. remind us that democracy is still fragile and From Mexico City to Buenos Aires, that faces continued dangers. In all our nations, vision is becoming a reality. For the first time in many years, more private capital is powerful special interests cling to old ideas flowing into the Americas for new invest- and privileges, promote protectionism. They ments than is flowing out. In country after resist expanded trade. country, the hyperinflation that literally dev- For the diehards, for Castro’s totalitarian astated the region’s economies, particularly regime, for those in the hemisphere who its poor, has been halted. In nearly every would turn the clock back to military dicta- nation, real growth has returned. A growing torship, for the stubborn holdouts for eco- number of nations are taking advantage of nomic isolation, I want to make one point the Brady plan, an important initiative of clear: Hundreds of millions of Latin Ameri- our administration designed to reduce the cans share a faith in human freedom and debt burden on our neighbors and set the opportunity. And I stand with them. And stage for the renewal of growth. Barriers as long as I am President of this great coun- to trade and investment are coming down. try, the United States will devote its ener- Go to the financial centers of the world, gies to the true and lasting liberation of the and you’ll get the same message: One of people of the Western Hemisphere.

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Sharing the democratic spirit makes a dif- to free trade but full service to powerful ference on every issue we care about. De- special interests. We cannot have it both mocracy’s rebirth led Argentina and Brazil ways. to join hands to halt the spread of nuclear In our own War for Independence, those arms. Democracy energized Brazil to slow who took this kind of stand were known deforestation of the Amazon rain forest. De- as the ‘‘summer soldiers.’’ And they wanted mocracy gave Argentina the will to stop the the glory of the revolution without showing Condor ballistic missile program financed the gumption to stand for freedom even in by Libya and Iraq. Colombia’s democracy tough times. Our stand is clear; my stand is leading the fight against the drug trade is clear: Open trade is vital to this country, and working to restore its economic vitality. to the United States, and every bit as vital The restored democracy in Panama has as domestic reforms to renew our system passed tough new laws to combat money of education, health care, Government, and laundering, and it’s working to renew its im- administration of justice. portance as an East-West trade corridor. A free trade area comprising the United Make no mistake: Political and economic States, Mexico, and Canada would be the freedom are linked; they are inseparable. largest market in the entire world: 360 mil- And just as people have a God-given right lion consumers in a $6 trillion, $6 trillion to choose who will govern them, they also economy. Mexico—and I salute its Presi- must be free to make their own economic dent, its business people here tonight— choices. When we lift barriers to economic Mexico is among the fastest growing na- freedom within and among our countries, tional markets for U.S. exports today. And we unleash powerful forces of growth and over the last 3 years alone, American mer- creativity. chandise exports to Mexico have increased Before I leave office I want manufactur- by two-thirds, two-thirds. Our exports of ers in Cleveland to enjoy virtually the same autos, auto parts, telecommunications access to markets in Monterrey as they now equipment to Mexico have doubled. And have in Minneapolis. And with new tech- while members of this audience may be nologies, creators of services in Denver may aware of this, I doubt it is widely known be able to tap markets in Santiago as readily in the United States that two-thirds of all as those in Chicago. I’ll work to assure that imports into Mexico come from the United Government protection and excessive regu- States. lation don’t stand in their way. To do this, It’s not just the border States that profit we’ll have to overcome the stunted vision from this growth. During my Presidency, of some special interests. And I am deter- 45 of our 50 States have increased their mined that we can and will do exactly that. exports to Mexico. Our top 10 exporters to I’ve made it a top priority to conclude Mexico today include Michigan, Illinois, a free trade agreement designed to remove New York, Louisiana, Pennsylvania, Florida, all tariffs on trade between the United and Ohio, as well as Texas, California, and States, Canada, and Mexico. This agreement Arizona, those border States. will build on our historic free trade agree- Trade with Mexico already supports hun- ment with Canada. The success of the dreds of thousands of U.S. jobs. And just agreement with Canada demonstrates how as an example: Thousands of good jobs in free trade can benefit all concerned. Warren, Ohio, and Rochester, New York, We cannot achieve this breakthrough by depend on sister plants in Mexico to keep equivocating between the status quo protec- their products competitive. A North Amer- tionists and the movement for freedom and ican free trade agreement would create change. Some suggest that we can hide in thousands more. It would create competi- a cocoon of protection and pretend still to tive efficiencies and economies of scale that benefit from the fresh air of competition. will help American companies compete in Well, if there’s ever an audience that under- world markets. stands this, you and I know that is simply Free trade with Canada and Mexico will wrong-headed. Our economic future must make all of us winners in economic endeav- not depend on those who pay lip service or, but our relationship goes well beyond

634 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / Apr. 23 trade. We share borders that span the con- starting new businesses or campesinos from tinent. We’re linked by centuries-old ties of gaining access to credit and title to their family and culture. I share a warm friend- land. Economic reform must also include ship with Prime Minister Brian Mulroney honest government. Corruption is the of Canada, whom I consult frequently. I enemy of both growth and democracy. New count President Carlos Salinas also as a dear investment will flow only where the rule friend. And he and I have been promoting of law is secure, the courts are fair, and the ‘‘spirit of Houston’’ ever since our sum- bidding processes are open to all. mit meeting just after both of us were elect- To support reformers, to realize the hope- ed in 1988. And both President Salinas and ful new vision in Latin America, the United Prime Minister Mulroney are bold and States Congress must meet its responsibility. imaginative leaders, and I am committed to I asked Congress to take long overdue ac- working with them to forge enduring friend- tion, to invest $310 million in this fiscal year ship among our countries based on open trade, cooperation, and mutual respect. under the Enterprise for the Americas Ini- Now, you may have heard some suggest tiative. With this, we could write off more that politics will dictate delaying the North than $1 billion in the hemisphere’s official American free trade agreement until after debts and generate millions of dollars to the election. Well, let me say this: These preserve the environment. But regrettably, voices are not speaking for me. The time Congress has refused to approve any funds of opportunity is now. I have instructed our for this purpose. Congress apparently negotiators to accelerate their work. I be- doesn’t believe in return on investment, but lieve we can conclude a sound, sensible deal I do. And our truckers and railroad people before the election. I want to sign a good do. And our auto and electronics makers agreement as soon as it is ready. And there do, as do our environmental engineers and will be no delay because of American poli- many, many more. tics. I have helped persuade our allies in Eu- Now, to other friends here let me say rope and Japan to contribute nearly two- this: The North American free trade agree- thirds of a $1.5 billion fund to help Latin ment is only a beginning. Our Enterprise American reformers. This fund, adminis- for the Americas Initiative already has made tered by the Inter-American Development noteworthy progress to open markets, ex- Bank, would help people privatize old state pand investment flows, reduce official debt, enterprises at the grass roots, with job re- and strengthen the environment throughout training and small business loans. But Con- the hemisphere. gress has refused to vote a penny for the The Enterprise for the Americas Initiative U.S. share. I will keep on fighting for these reflects a revolution in thinking. Through vital programs of the Enterprise for the this initiative, the United States is not seek- Americas Initiative until Congress dem- ing to impose our ideas on our neighbors. Rather, our program is designed to em- onstrates the vision and fortitude to provide power them to succeed with free market the support they deserve. And if we can economic reforms they’ve chosen on their invest in the transformation of Eastern Eu- own, ideas developed in Latin America for rope and the old Soviet Union, and we must Latin Americans. do so, then we can and must invest in the The courageous Latin American leaders efforts of our closest neighbors on their who are reforming their economies and peaceful road to true liberation and pros- breaking down barriers to trade and invest- perity. ment need our support. And they are the The United States’ economic destiny is true liberators of our era. True success will linked to Latin America’s. No army of pro- mean opening up statist systems formerly tectionists can change that. When Latin rigged to protect wealthy elites and closed America suffered its debt crisis of the early to working people and the poor. Free mar- eighties, 1980’s, we suffered through a cor- ket reforms will banish burdensome regula- responding drop in trade. We did. If you tions that now prevent the urban poor from don’t believe me, ask Caterpillar workers

635 Apr. 23 / Administration of George Bush, 1992 from Illinois or employees from Cessna in kets, for instance, for our computer soft- Kansas. Ask them if they suffered when our ware, movies, books, and pharmaceuticals. best customers in Latin America were in We will fight hard against protectionism crisis. both at home and abroad. With the rise of democracy and economic And five centuries ago, a man of courage reform, U.S. exports to Latin America have and vision set sail from Europe searching surged by nearly one-third in just 2 years, for new trade routes and opportunities. And from $49 billion in 1989 to $63 billion in he defied the timid counsel of those who 1991. This is a much faster rate of growth said the Earth was flat. Christopher Colum- than for our exports to Asia or Europe. It bus’ voyage to the Americas transformed points to the fact that a stable, prosperous human history. Columbus was an entre- Latin America is a natural market for preneur, and the risk he took 500 years ago United States goods and services. Strength- continues to pay off abundantly today. And ening our neighbors’ economies will result today, we still have to combat the flat-Earth in more exports and more good jobs for mentality, the mind-set that urges us to bar- people in the United States. ricade our borders against competition, to When any of us speak with our friends shut off the free exchange of food and ma- outside the Western Hemisphere, we need chinery and skills and ideas. to assure them as clearly as possible there But the future does not belong to the is nothing exclusionary in our vision of open status quo. It is the legacy of people like trade and economic integration in our hemi- yourselves, people with far-sighted vision sphere. Our aim is simply to lower barriers and then a spirit of enterprise. The future to economic freedom within and among the awaiting the Americas is a time of rediscov- nations of the Western Hemisphere, not, I ery, a time for empowering the poor repeat, not to create any barriers between through new investment, trade, and growth, ourselves and the nations of Africa, Europe, a time for cultural renewal. Our efforts and and Asia. All of our aims are consistent with the efforts of millions of citizens of the the global policies of GATT. Americas can achieve new gains for honest, And I would just like to commend the democratic, limited government. And to- superb leadership of Arthur Dunkel, gether, we can usher in a new order of GATT’s Director General, who spoke to you peace, a new time of prosperity, both ani- earlier today. And I want to assure you I mated by personal freedom. urgently want to open up global markets Thank you all very much for what you through success with the Uruguay round. are doing to strengthen free trade in this We all, all of us from whatever country in hemisphere. And let me say again how the Western Hemisphere, have a stake, a grateful I am to David and the other leaders big stake, in a successful conclusion of the of this wonderful organization for vitalizing Uruguay round of the GATT. and getting that private sector involved in And if the equivocators and the protec- all of these decisions. It is an absolutely es- tionists and the pleaders for the special in- sential ingredient if we are going to succeed terests want to debate this, bring them on. in a course that is mutually beneficial. I will take the case for increased trade to Now, I heard you were having broccoli the people in every corner of the United for dinner, so I’m out of here. Many, many States of America. And I will make this thanks. And may God bless you all. abundantly clear: Free trade means more exports, more investment, more choices, more jobs for Americans. Our great country is the number one exporter in the world, over $422 billion last year. Imagine that, $422 billion. And we intend to pursue trade Note: The President spoke at 8 p.m. at the policies to keep that growth up now and Sheraton-Washington Hotel. In his remarks, in the future. And we will knock down bar- he referred to David Rockefeller, chairman riers wherever we find them to open mar- of the Americas Society.

636 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / Apr. 24

Nomination of Richard Goodwin Capen, Jr., To Be United States Ambassador to Spain April 23, 1992

The President today announced his inten- Miami Herald, 1983–89. From 1979 to tion to nominate Richard Goodwin Capen, 1982, Mr. Capen served as senior vice presi- Jr., of Florida, to be Ambassador to Spain. dent for operations of Knight-Ridder, Inc. He would succeed Joseph Zappala. Mr. Capen graduated from Columbia Currently Mr. Capen serves as a consult- College (B.A., 1956). He was born July 16, ant for Knight-Ridder, Inc. Prior to this, he 1934, in Hartford, CT. Mr. Capen served served as vice chairman and director for in the U.S. Navy, 1956–59. He is married, Knight-Ridder, Inc., in Miami, FL, 1989– has three children, and resides in Miami, 91; as director of Knight-Ridder, Inc., 1987– FL. 91; and as chairman and publisher of the

Nomination of Clarence H. Albright, Jr., To Be General Counsel of the Department of Housing and Urban Development April 23, 1992

The President today announced his inten- served as Deputy Associate Attorney Gen- tion to nominate Clarence H. Albright, Jr., eral at the Department of Justice, 1988– of Virginia, to be General Counsel of the 89, and senior special assistant to the Assist- Department of Housing and Urban Devel- ant Attorney General at the U.S. Depart- opment. He would succeed Francis An- ment of Justice, 1987–88. thony Keating II. Mr. Albright graduated from Presbyterian Since 1990, Mr. Albright has served as College in South Carolina (B.A., 1974) and Principal Deputy General Counsel in the George Mason University School of Law Office of the General Counsel at the U.S. (J.D., 1980). He was born January 2, 1950, Department of Housing and Urban Devel- in Rock Hill, SC. Mr. Albright resides in opment in Washington, DC, and as Deputy Alexandria, VA. General Counsel, 1989–90. Prior to this, he

Remarks at the Presentation Ceremony for the National Crime Victims’ Rights Awards April 24, 1992

Please be seated, and welcome. Welcome And to others, may I just say that the to the Rose Garden on this beautiful Friday. people seated in this garden are representa- We’re here to commemorate National tives of one of this country’s strongest traits, Crime Victims’ Rights Week. I first salute compassion. And this compassion is the the Attorney General, who is doing a superb driving force behind the improvements that job for our country in the whole area of are balancing the scales of justice, strength- law enforcement, Bill Barr, standing here. ening the rights of the crime victims. For May I also single out Director Sessions, the far too long, the agonizing experiences each head of the FBI, with us today. Bill, wel- victim must endure have been overlooked. come, sir. The seldom-realized truth is that the crime

637 Apr. 24 / Administration of George Bush, 1992 is just the beginning of a process that will ably. As you know, that hill that I’m talking last months, if not years or lifetimes. about is Capitol Hill with all of its special The award winners we honor today real- interest groups. ize this fact. They’ve set out to improve, Here is just one typical example of what protect, and strengthen the rights of crime we are up against. In 1990, the Congress victims. As Attorney General Barr will ex- created 11 new circuit and 74 new district plain shortly, each and every one of them judgeships to help us wage the war on is a hero worthy of saluting in this war on crime. And yet, two and a half weeks ago, crime. But before the Attorney General be- special interest groups managed to postpone gins the presentations, I would like to take a vote on my nominee to the 11th Circuit this opportunity to reinforce our administra- Court of Appeals, Ed Carnes. Ed Carnes’ tion’s commitment to the rights of crime nomination has been before the Senate victims. This administration, in particular since January 27th. He has first-rate creden- the Department of Justice, has fought hard tials, strong support through his home State to make strides on behalf of the victims in of Alabama. In addition, no Senator has yet the courtroom. indicated opposition. However, some inter- In 1991, we gained a landmark Supreme est groups, not the Senate but the interest Court decision for crime victims in the case groups, oppose his nomination. Their rea- known as Payne versus Tennessee, a case son? As a prosecutor, Ed Carnes has ac- which authorizes, against a constitutional tively campaigned against procedural tech- challenge, the admission of victim impact nicalities designed to prevent imposition of evidence during the sentencing phase of the death penalty. Their course of action? capital cases. In the Payne versus Tennessee To obtain a one-month postponement on case, the Supreme Court recognized that the vote. And the justification? The nomina- the jury should be allowed to know the trag- tion needed—you’ve heard it before—‘‘fur- ic impact that homicide crimes have on a ther study.’’ survivor. In this case, the jury was allowed Personally, I do not understand the prior- to know not only about the murderer’s bru- ities of those special interest groups. Why tality toward his victims, but toward the sur- so little concern for the victims and so much vivors. The jury was allowed to know the for criminals? It is my hope that the Demo- pain and suffering caused 3-year-old Nich- cratic leadership of the Senate agrees with olas, the survivor of homicide victims, who this. And if so, they will not allow Mr. missed his mother, Charisse, and his 2-year- Carnes’ nomination to be held hostage any old sister, Lacie. This decision rings of plain longer and will vote on it immediately as common sense, and it rings of fundamental scheduled upon their return. It is also my fairness: A jury should know the victim, as hope that they will resist future efforts to well as the defendant. play politics with the courts and will not I want to continue to see strides made yield to any more requests for delay on this in the courtroom. I’ve said it once, and let or other judicial nominations. [Applause] I me just say it again: None of us should rest see one person agrees. Those of you here until all of our laws duly reflect the sym- today play an important role in stopping this pathy we should have for victims of crime. practice by special interest groups. You A key part of our program to make our must make your voices heard. Let Congress cities safe again has been the appointment know that these interest groups do not of judges who interpret the law and do not speak for you. Believe me, it will make a legislate from the bench. And that is exactly real difference if you check in on this point. what I have done in naming these people I am proud of what this administration to the bench. has accomplished on behalf of crime victims This is a step in the right direction. And and their survivors. But I am even more as we continue down the path of equal jus- proud of this Nation’s compassionate citi- tice for accusers and the accused alike, zens who identified a fault in the system we’ve encountered an uphill climb, frankly, and then, through citizen action, set out to one that is making our work more difficult correct it. and slowing the pace of progress consider- I thank you for your dedication, for your

638 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / Apr. 24 hard work, and applaud your successes. And lowing the President’s remarks, Attorney I will now turn the meeting over to Attor- General William P. Barr presented the ney General Barr, asking him to do the hon- awards to eight individuals for exemplary ors. And may God bless you all. Thank you. service on behalf of crime victims and their families and for achievements in defending Note: The President spoke at 10:02 a.m. in the rights of crime victims. the Rose Garden at the White House. Fol-

Remarks Prior to a Briefing on Banking and Finance Regulatory Reform April 24, 1992

I announced in the State of the Union concerns financial service regulations, and Message a 90-day regulatory moratorium, we’re announcing a package of banking ini- and today another step is being taken to tiatives designed to streamline financial reg- reduce the regulatory burdens. The 90-day ulation. Our new regulatory uniformity pol- moratorium has been a tremendous success. icy will reduce or eliminate unnecessary And I applaud the good work by the Coun- compliance costs by financial service institu- cil on Competitiveness, headed by Vice tions. We’re also announcing measures to President Quayle. strengthen financial health and to reduce As you know, excessive regulations add unnecessary regulatory barriers to new lend- billions of dollars of costs to the American ing. These reforms will increase access to economy each year. We’ve got to do some- capital for individuals and businesses, there- thing about these costs. And during the by contributing to economic growth. moratorium we’ve made more than 70 de- The Deputy Secretary of the Treasury, regulatory changes that will save tens of bil- John Robson, and Boyden Gray, our Gen- lions of dollars for American consumers and eral Counsel, and Michael Boskin will pro- taxpayers. Many of these changes will also vide you with all the details. help create jobs for American workers. Thank you very much. We will have more announcements next week, and I’ll have more to say on this sub- Note: The President spoke at 11:55 a.m. in ject on Wednesday. Today’s announcement the Briefing Room at the White House.

Teleconference Remarks to the National Association of Hispanic Journalists April 24, 1992

The President. Thank you very much, solidate the peaceful revolution that’s taken Monica. And first, let me thank your Presi- place in Latin America over the past dec- dent, Don Flores, for this opportunity to ade, the movement towards democracy and speak with you. May I salute the hundreds free markets. And yesterday I heard a solid of Hispanic women and men who inform endorsement of those goals in a meeting and enliven our great country through the with hundreds of business and press and through the broadcast media. I civic leaders and government leaders from look forward to answering your questions. around our hemisphere. Democratic neigh- A top priority of my Presidency is to con- bors are peaceful neighbors. Experience

639 Apr. 24 / Administration of George Bush, 1992 teaches us that. And I am determined to The interests we share do not end with keep working to promote and protect de- free trade. I’m committed to action on a mocracy in Latin America. full range of key reforms, and I want to Recently, we’ve been working closely with mention just two of urgent interest to the our partners in the hemisphere to defend Hispanic community. On health care, I have democracy under attack in Venezuela, Haiti, put forward a comprehensive plan to open and Peru. In Cuba we envision a new birth to all Americans access, access to quality of freedom and democracy, and that day health care. And I’m also proud of my ad- cannot be far off. I expect one day soon, ministration as part of the public-private ini- after the inevitable fall of the Castro dicta- tiative called ‘‘Growing Up Hispanic’’ to im- torship, to be the first President of the prove the quality of health in your commu- United States to visit the free soil of Cuba. nities. And on the vital matter of education, Also vital is liberating the markets of the Hispanic support for America 2000 has Western Hemisphere. I want to create a been steady and strong. And I want to see North American free trade area to increase every American family win the right to the levels of trade, investment, and jobs in choose which school is best for their chil- Mexico, Canada, and the United States of dren, public, private, and religious. America. And I am thankful for the support But even the most ambitious reform ef- from the Hispanic community that helped fort here at home must go hand-in-hand us win our great victory for fast track au- with economic growth through open trade. thority. And I’ve asked Congress repeatedly for Some politicians don’t share our views on funds to assist the brave reformers who are the value of free trade. They want to ad- now leading many of the Latin American dress this issue from both sides of their nations. But Congress has done nothing. We mouths, and they suggest that we can hide must not stand for this lack of foresight. in a cocoon of protection and still benefit And if we can aid the transformation of the from the fresh air of competition. Well, that former Soviet Union—and in my view, we is simply not possible. And you can pander must do that—we can and we must also to the protectionists, or you can promote help our closest neighbors who are trying free trade; you cannot have it both ways. to consolidate their own revolution for free- I will fight to tear down economic barriers dom and prosperity. with Mexico and throughout the hemi- And there are many, many other issues. sphere, and I’ll oppose any special interest But let me just say to you today before tak- that tries to stand in our way. ing your questions, as I think of the His- And one other thing: We must not let panic community in this country, I think election year politics delay for one minute of family. I think of family values. And Bar- our getting a good free trade agreement and bara and I are, I hope you know by now, getting it approved. The North American dedicated to that concept. And every piece free trade agreement will increase our trade of legislation that comes my way, we’re with Mexico and create thousands more looking at it to see that it does nothing but jobs right here in the United States of strengthen the American family. That’s one America. And I’ll keep working with my of the reasons I feel so strongly about good friend President Carlos Salinas, who choice that I just mentioned for education. is a bold and imaginative leader. Already, We must strengthen the family values. And in just 3 years, I believe we’ve made U.S.- I will do my level-best to do just that. Mexican relations the best that they have And now on to the questions. Fire away. ever been in history. And we’re going to And thank you so much for letting me drop keep working to forge a new relationship in on you. between our nations, based on free trade, open markets, and mutual respect. And we will not stop with Mexico. My Enterprise Statehood for Puerto Rico for the Americas Initiative will encourage Q. Why did your pro-statehood for Puerto open trade and job-creating investment Rico effort fail in Congress last year? What from Alaska to Argentina. will you do about it if reelected?

640 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / Apr. 24

The President. I have remained strongly have appointed people that care. And I have in favor of pro-statehood. And the first step appointed people that I think are compas- on that is a referendum. And we are having sionate. And I have appointed people that great difficulty getting that approved by the I am confident will interpret the Constitu- United States Congress, the part that has tion and not legislate from the bench. So to be approved by Congress. I do not plead guilty to the charges in that As you know, there’s great divisions. It’s question at all. divided in Puerto Rico by those who favor I think the way that you better the lot statehood, those who favor commonwealth, of all people is to have them have equal and then a tiny group of those who favor access, fair access to the law. And the peo- independence. That group has heretofore ple that I’ve appointed certainly agree with been considered one of the most radical that concept. So we’ll continue to do this. groups. We’ve got some fine Hispanic appoint- My choice is for statehood. But I also ments, and others, to the various levels of say that the matter should be left up to the Federal bench. But I am not going to the people of Puerto Rico. And so we will change my view that what we need are peo- continue to push in a reluctant Congress ple that know the Constitution and interpret to get them to come along and support Bob it and do not go into a bunch of social legis- Lagomarsino’s approach, to support a ref- lation from the Federal bench. That is not erendum that will make the determination. what is required, in my view, of an inde- And then we’d have to follow on with what- pendent judiciary. ever is required after that. But I have not changed my position. And I wish, Monica, I could tell you that this Freedom of the Press is the only area where I’m having difficulty with the Congress, but it’s not. But I haven’t Q. Many people feel the first amendment lessened my intentions at all in favor of was violated with severe press restrictions statehood for Puerto Rico. imposed during the war. In subsequent con- I know you could get in a lively debate flicts will your administration continue with right out there at your meeting. But I think the limitations imposed on the media during it’s best. I think it’s right. And I believe Desert Storm, or will we be allowed to do it’s in the best interest of all Americans, our jobs? all the people in the United States right The President. Well, you’re allowed to do now, citizens herein. So, we’ll keep trying. your job. After Desert Storm a review was taken. I do not believe that the constitu- Federal Court Appointments tional rights of the press were violated in Q. Judges appointed by you and Ronald Desert Storm. And if you remember, one Reagan are more and more limiting access journalist who didn’t play by the rules was to fair treatment of U.S. Hispanics in such kidnaped and taken prisoner, and we spent areas as voting rights, employment, housing, a great deal of time and an awful lot of and education. If reelected, would you anxiety in trying to help get that person re- change your emphasis on conservative phi- leased from jail because he didn’t follow the losophy and appoint more persons to the guidelines of the military. And when you’re bench who understand the realities of in- in a war, every correspondent should not equality faced by poor people of color? have the freedom to go anyplace they want The President. I think that people that at any time. And that example proved it. I’ve appointed to the bench, both the dis- But I do think you’re on to something trict bench, the circuit bench, and the Su- because I think as each incident of this na- preme Court, understand that. But I don’t ture takes place—and let’s hope there won’t want people to legislate from the bench. be another one for a long time—we ought Now if the person that asked this question to review it. We ought to see if there’s ways feels that we need judges that are going that we can guarantee more access for to set social policy from the bench, then journalists to the front lines or more we just have a philosophical difference. I access of journalists to the briefers or

641 Apr. 24 / Administration of George Bush, 1992 whatever it is. So, I don’t think rights were family values that Barbara and I, at least, violated. I do think we can learn from the hold so dear. desert war pooling experience and from the So I’ll keep on trying, trying to do my Desert Storm coverage and see if we can’t best. And I might say in conclusion—you do a better job on access for journalists. don’t need to hear me twice now—but I Q. President Bush, on behalf of the Na- might say in conclusion that the economic tional Association of Hispanic Journalists, news is a little better. And as that turns we thank you for your time today. around, and I’m confident it will, I think The President. Monica, thank you very, we’ll see this country coming together; I very much. And good luck to you out there. think we’ll see a return to a little more opti- I am one who, as you may know from my mism. And certainly, I will keep dedicated own family, is doubly blessed in a sense and rededicating our administration to fair- because of having three Hispanic-American play for our Hispanic-American citizens. grandchildren. And so, I hope I’ve been So thank you, and thanks for letting me sensitive to your needs and to the things drop in. And good luck to each and every that bring you together. But I can guarantee one of you. Thank you. you this, I’m going to keep on trying. And when I think about patriotism and Note: The President spoke at 2:34 p.m. via service to country, I know what I’m talking satellite from Room 459 of the Old Execu- about when I say Hispanics have been in tive Office Building to the National Associa- the forefront of that. And when I think tion of Hispanic Journalists meeting in Albu- about family values, I know what I’m talking querque, NM. In his remarks, he referred about when I say the Hispanic-American to Monica Armenta, moderator of the tele- families epitomize, more than most, the conference.

Radio Address to the Nation on Trade Reform April 25, 1992

A lot of the reports we Americans hear ing opportunity at home. on TV or the radio seem to follow the America’s trade story is good news, not maxim ‘‘Good news is no news.’’ Well, today just for our coastal States and port towns I’m going to break a few rules and talk but all across America. Here’s a sampling: about some good news. The story is jobs, Colorado, about 90,000 jobs supported by jobs created and jobs sustained because of trade; about 90,000 in Iowa; Arizona, our ability to sell our product and services 120,000 jobs; Tennessee, 150,000 jobs. abroad. America’s manufacturing exports are more Last week, we received the latest from competitive than 10 years ago, our labor the economic front. All around the world, more productive. The Chicken Little more and more people are buying Amer- hysterics of an America under siege may ican. Our exports shot up 7 percent in Feb- make better copy, but they leave out one ruary to a one-month record high of almost little fact: The United States is the leading $38 billion, closing the deficit gap by 16 exporter in the world, bar none. percent. If there’s any moral to this story, I don’t mean to discount the competition. it’s a reminder that if Americans want to Our competitors are tough. More and more, succeed economically at home, we’ve got to America competes in an international mar- lead economically abroad. In the past cou- ketplace where standing still means falling ple of weeks, I’ve been talking to groups behind. Some want us to respond to these around the country and to leaders from challenges as if they were a bad dream, just around the world. The message is simple: Expanding free trade abroad means expand-

642 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / Apr. 27 hide under the covers and hope it goes means more jobs right here. away. They may be talking tough, but Just this week, the United States took they’re really running scared. The problem steps to facilitate trade in high-technology is, they’re running the wrong way. The an- goods, an initiative made possible by the swer isn’t to build up our barriers; it’s to rebirth of freedom in formerly Communist get other countries to tear down theirs. lands. We relaxed trade restrictions that Two days ago, I met with the heads of served us well during the cold war but no Europe’s Common Market. And we talked longer serve their purpose. We will elimi- long and hard about how to bring the Uru- nate requirements for thousands of export guay round of GATT, the world trade nego- licenses, including many that affected com- tiations, to a successful conclusion. Such an puters, one of our strongest export earners. agreement could pump $5 trillion into the Trade covered by this deregulation amounts global economy over the next 10 years. The to about $2.5 billion. U.S. share would top $1 trillion. That’s hun- The choice is simple. We can either pro- dreds of thousands of new American jobs. mote protectionism or promote free trade. I don’t plan to stop there. We’re also ne- To my reckoning, no one ever beat the gotiating an historic free trade agreement competition by cringing behind a trade bar- with Mexico and Canada. Listen to these rier. You see, I have faith in free trade be- facts: During my Presidency, 45 out of our cause I have faith in the American worker. 50 States have increased their exports with When trade is free and fair, Americans can Mexico. Already over the 4 years, exports beat the competition fair and square. to Mexico have more than doubled, creating Thank you for listening. And may God hundreds of thousands of jobs here at bless the United States of America. home. Clearly, with a successful agreement, we’d export more than ever before, increasing trade with Mexico by $10 billion and Note: This address was recorded at 7:56 creating over 360,000 American jobs. And a.m. on April 24 in the Oval Office at the that’s why a North American free trade White House for broadcast after 9 a.m. on agreement is in our interest, because it April 25.

Remarks on Legislative Goals and an Exchange With Reporters April 27, 1992

The President. With Congress coming Secondly, there’s the energy bill, an en- back tomorrow, I want to just emphasize ergy bill that will further our national en- those things that I hope we can accomplish ergy needs and goals. The Senate produced in the next couple of months by actively a good bipartisan bill, and the bipartisan seeking areas of consensus. What I’m about process appears to be breaking down in the to list does not include everything I’d like House. That should not be allowed to hap- to see done, but some main areas. pen. A comprehensive energy strategy is First, while the economy is recovering, we long overdue, and we need bills that make still need an economic boost to ensure the sense, not a veto. strength and length of this rise in economic The third is health care reform. Com- activity. The growth package that I sent to prehensive reform is made up of many ele- Congress in my State of the Union is still ments, and I believe there is relative con- before Congress, and it contains key ele- sensus on some of the elements. And I’d ments of a plan to create jobs and stimulate like to act quickly in those areas where we investment and growth. And I ask the Con- can achieve consensus. There are 30 million gress to continue consideration of these pro- people in this country without adequate posals. health care insurance, and we must offer

643 Apr. 27 / Administration of George Bush, 1992 them the benefits of our health care system. still some uncertainty. But to his credit, The fourth one is education. Our kids President Fujimori did the right thing in must be able to compete to get jobs, to expressing regrets and apologies. But there’s create jobs, to participate in the global still some uncertainties exactly what hap- economy. And we must help spur fun- pened. The plane was marked. It was clearly damental reform by encouraging this new on a predictable course. But we still don’t American schools concept, flexibility, world- know all the answers to it. class standards, and parental choice, includ- Q. Are you afraid of Ross Perot? ing private, public, and parochial schools. World Economic Growth A business-as-usual education bill simply will not take us where we need to go. Q. Would you like to see Japan and Ger- And finally, as I’ve repeatedly called for many do more to stimulate world economic in the past, I’d like to see this constitutional growth? amendment requiring a balanced budget. The President. Well, I’d like to see every- The Democratic leadership is changing their body involved in economic growth. And I’ll view on the issue, and I think there’s a feel- be prepared to talk about that further to ing they may be willing to help us move Helmut Kohl. I’ve discussed it. As you an amendment forward. So now is the time know, we had an economic growth deal with to pass that balanced budget amendment. Japan on our trip. One of the things we So, those are the five I’d like to see both agreed on was a growth agenda. So passed just as soon as possible by Congress. I think all countries want that, but each one And then, of course, we’ll be pushing for has to find his own way achieving economic other legislative goals as well, liability re- growth. I’m hopeful that we are on the form and things like that. path. They have every reason to have been critical of us in the past. But I don’t think Fundraising Ethics the way to do it is to criticize the Chancellor Q. Mr. President, what do you think of of Germany, which I’m not about to do, allegations that some of your supporters are nor the Prime Minister of Japan, Mr. intimidating and coercing their employees Miyazawa. I think we all want growth. And to kick into Republican—— the question is how to achieve it. The President. I don’t like that at all. Health Care Q. ——fundraising? The President. I disapprove of—— Q. What are the areas of health care Q. Have you ever heard of it? I mean, where you think there is consensus? Is it have you ever seen it? just insurance? The President. Seen it? The President. Well, I think there’s some Q. Yes, in action, in any of your fundrais- talk now about accessibility to insurance, ing? which would be good. I’d love to see a move The President. No, I’ve never seen that. forward on our malpractice legislation, legis- No. And I’ve read some allegations that lation to put some caps on these outrageous concern me very much because there ought liability claims. We’re suing each other too not, there should not be coercion in fund- much, and we ought to be taking care of raising. It’s outrageous. And I pride myself each other more. So I think there’s some on a good, clean record in this regard. areas like that where we can do some good. Thank you. Downing of U.S. Aircraft in Peru Q. Mr. President, is there anything new Note: The President spoke at 10:05 a.m. on on the Peru incident? the South Lawn at the White House prior The President. Nothing new on it. There’s to his departure for Miami, FL.

644 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / Apr. 27

Remarks at the Florida International University Commencement Ceremony in Miami Beach, Florida April 27, 1992

Thank you all very much. Thank you, Dr. our teachers to helping kids all across this Maidique, for that wonderful citation, those country. And may I, too, salute the F.I.U. very kind words. May I salute Elsie Augen- faculty, the students, the families. Thank blick for the alma mater, Sister Flood for you, Panthers, all, for this wonderful wel- that very moving invocation, Provost Mau come to this coliseum. for opening the ceremony and presiding I know today’s commencement is one of over this madhouse. I’m pleased to be here the hottest tickets in town. President with so many leaders of the State, State leg- Maidique told me about one graduate, islators, members of the Florida Legislature, Yanira Bermudez, who needed a dozen tick- so many distinguished leaders in the Miami ets for family members who came all the community. I want to salute Chairman way from Canada. You can’t imagine how Alvah Chapman, who does so much for this pleased I am to receive this degree, know- community, and the other members of the ing, therefore, that I’d be guaranteed a seat board of trustees; Regent Alec Courtelis; at this tremendous turnout. [Laughter] It your own Congresswoman, or one of the is spectacular. Congresswomen from this area, Ileana Ros- And I really am, I mean this, I’m very Lehtinen, who came down with us. Today honored to be a part of this special occa- she’s not known as a Congresswoman; she’s sion. Today’s ceremony marks more than a known as a graduate of F.I.U. And we’re graduation. This commencement is a com- very proud of that. I told Ileana coming ing of age. Twenty years ago, Miami didn’t down on the plane that the real reason that have a public university. Today, under the I’m here today, Andy Garcia made me an leadership of President Maidique, Florida offer I couldn’t refuse. [Laughter] International is not simply a fixture in the May I also salute my fellow honorees: intellectual and economic life of this thriv- Celia Cruz, ‘‘Queen of the Latin American ing city; it is one of the 50 largest univer- Music,’’ ‘‘Doctor of Salsa.’’ [Laughter] She’s sities in the United States of America, and captured the soul of a culture in her music. a quality one at that. I can tell you this: She asked me where Barbara was. I said They won’t be asking, ‘‘F.I. who?’’ anymore. Barbara is up there trying to get an agent Never again. You’ve come a long way from for our rich dog. But I know that if she those early days 20 years ago, holding class were here—she’s a great Celia admirer— in the air traffic control tower out at she would give her a grande abraso like Tamiami Airport. And the progress that the rest of us do. Celia, congratulations. you’ve made stands as testimony to the And to our other honoree, a longtime power of a dream and also of your deter- friend, respected friend, Abe Foxman. You mination to make that dream real. heard it in the citation, but he is a lifelong Let me speak for a moment about the fighter for fairplay and equity. His voice is secret of your success. Florida International strong against racism and against anti-Semi- has blazed its own path. Many of your stu- tism. And all of us in public life can take dents are a little older, a little more experi- an example from the man you honor here enced. You’re a little more likely to combine today. He’s a great fighter for human rights work and study, family life with college life. and dignity. Abe, congratulations. And because of that, you’re a little less like- And may I salute honorees Bell and ly to treat your university years as some Weiser and Rosenberg and your teachers ivory tower exercise and more an extension Smith and Jones. Very good going for both of the everyday world around you. All of of them. They disappeared over here some- those factors keep this university close to where. But I loved those citations because the community it serves. And all of those it says so much about the commitment of factors make F.I.U. a force in shaping

645 Apr. 27 / Administration of George Bush, 1992 south Florida’s fortunes in the new century come a footnote. We are witnessing the col- ahead. lapse of the Communist idea, the demise Even now, each day brings new changes, of the crippling concept of the all-powerful new nations, new realities, new hopes, new state. horizons. And it’s not so much technology There are many reasons for this collapse. and science that we marvel at but the star- But in the end, one fact alone explains what tling pace of political change. The demo- we see today. Its advocates saw the triumph cratic renaissance in Central and Eastern of communism written in the laws of his- Europe, the blossoming of democracy here tory, and they failed to see the love of free- in our precious hemisphere, the end of the dom written in the human heart. I know cold war, and the collapse of imperial com- there’s a Spanish saying about the Castro munism, all would be unimaginable in a regime that is true in any language: En las world where America turned inward, away noventas, se revienta. I guarantee you, free- from the challenges of a new world. dom will come to Cuba. Make no mistake The changes in the world beyond our about it. And none of you professors give shores have real impact right here at home. me a grade on my accent, either. In the new world you’ll call your own, your But the change we see doesn’t stop at children won’t wake to the nuclear night- America’s doorstep. Here at home we’ve got mare that played in the corners of your to ask: How can we open the doors of op- mind. We have made real, dramatic portunity for every American? Our chal- progress toward eliminating the threat of nuclear weapons and in turning our old ad- lenge, our new American destiny is to give versary in the Soviet Union into new part- the American dream room to grow. And to ners of peace. And I take great pride that make that destiny our own, we must ad- U.S. leadership helped make that dramatic vance American ideals, help communism’s change possible. old captive nations take their place among But change brings new challenges. We’ve the world’s democracies. We must advance put an end to a long era of military con- America’s economic interests, meet the frontation and entered a new age of eco- competitive challenge of a new world econ- nomic competition. And yes, dictators have omy. given way to democracy, and yet, clearly, Here in Miami, we see this new American dangers still remain. Here in Miami, I know economy in microcosm. This city is the hub, the great gains for democracy we’ve seen the economic gateway to the Americas. in the world have a bittersweet edge. Each Here’s the figure: Forty-five percent, nearly triumph for freedom, each victory for the half, of all U.S. trade with Latin America people from Moscow to Managua calls at- passes through the Miami area. And that tention to the one island where communism translates into 35,000 jobs in the Miami area continues to hold sway. And I cannot pre- alone tied to trade. And here’s what that tend to imagine the anguish that so many means for the graduates that are here today. of you or your parents or your other family Your standard of living, your opportunities, members must have felt at a cruel choice, your future are certain to be influenced by the cruel choice between the land of your the world beyond our shores. birth and the love of freedom. I share the Now, I know that there are some who dreams that you have for a democratic see a different future, people who want to Cuba. sound retreat, run from the new realities, I have thought a great deal about this seek refuge in a dream world of economic and anguished about it. And I am absolutely isolationism or protectionism. Those voices convinced that that day will come. And with have nothing to say to this Nation. There the collapse of Soviet communism, Cuba is no turning back. There is no hiding from now stands isolated and alone, and we con- the new reality. We have no choice but to tinue to keep the pressure on to tighten compete. The new reality of our new world the trade embargo, to champion the cause economy is simply this: To succeed eco- of human rights. The fact that dictators nomically at home, we must lead economi- cling to power is a fact that will soon be- cally abroad.

646 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / Apr. 27

And finally, if we want to make a new sibility back into government. And when we American destiny our own, we’ve got to do, we’ll see the sense of public trust return bridge the gap between the American peo- to politics. And we’ll see a Government that ple and the Government that’s meant to reflects the real values of this great Nation, serve it. I know there’s a discontent. Travel proud, confident, caring, and strong. That’s around the country; you can’t help but feel my mission as President. It’s our challenge it, a deepening cynicism about the way as a Nation. And the way we do it is things work or fail to work in Washington, through reform. a doubt about one person’s ability to I’ve already mentioned one of the areas change, really change the system. To them, where we need urgent action: expanding Government has grown more distant. Too trade, to open new markets the world over often, the Government we get is not ac- to American goods. Beyond trade, there are countable. It is not effective. It is not effi- four other key issues that together form the cient. And regrettably, it’s not compas- core of our reform agenda. sionate. We’ve got to fight for legal reform to end It’s not that people are apathetic. It’s that the explosion of litigation that strains our people are angry with Government. Many patience and saps our economy. America of you recycle empty cans and plastic bottles would be better off it we spent less time because when it comes to the environment, suing each other and more time helping one you believe that one individual’s actions can another. make a difference. But when it comes to And we’ve got to reform this country’s self-government, cynicism kicks in, and too health care system, open up access to all many people have come to doubt the power Americans, and control the runaway cost of a single vote. without sacrificing the quality education that This didn’t happen just overnight. It’s the separates us from every other country in legacy of a theory of government grown too the world: choice and quality. used to promising what government will do We’ve sparked a revolution in American for the people. And this theory fails to see education, community by community, to that people don’t want government to make help our children get the world-class edu- their decisions for them; they want govern- cation that our new world demands. And ment that gives them the freedom to I know the need for education dollars is choose. And they want a Government that great, and that’s why at the Federal level spends within its means in the way families we’ve increased our education budget by 41 do. And they want welfare programs that percent since I took office. And I saw those provide opportunity, not the dead-end stickers out there, and believe me, I came street of dependency. And they want to be prepared with those statistics, 41 percent in- free to choose the school that is best for crease. their children, public, private, or religious. And finally, we’ve got to push forward on And that message is getting through. Be- Government reform because only if we re- cause in spite of the cynicism, we see posi- verse a generation of creeping bureaucracy, tive signs, a new ethic of responsibility alive only if we restore limits to Government, can in America. The days of the no-fault lifestyle we restore public trust. are coming to an end. We see it all around Each reform is essential. And I’ve called us: individuals taking responsibility, individ- on Congress to take action in each of these uals taking action. In their private lives, peo- areas—legislation on Capitol Hill right now ple know actions have consequences. And in most of it. Each reform will succeed so what they want from government are poli- long as we draw on the strengths that got cies and programs that hold people respon- each of you here in this room today. As sible for their actions. And that government a society, as a Nation, we stand to gain from is responsible to the people. And if you your skills and your training, your insight think about it, that’s nothing more than a and your energy. But the most precious re- working definition of the word ‘‘democ- source of all is this: It’s that sense of opti- racy.’’ mism, your optimism. And there is still We’ve got to bring the ethic of respon- plenty of optimism in the American charac-

647 Apr. 27 / Administration of George Bush, 1992 ter. behind us, I say, ‘‘Tell that to Sylvia Dan- Let me take someone many of you will iels.’’ Here’s what I know: America’s best know, a senior named Sylvia Daniels. She days always lie ahead. In the next century, took her first class at F.I.U. 15 years ago, as in this one, America will be the strongest, and she graduates today at the age of 77. the bravest, the freest Nation on the face And I’ve saved the best for last: This sum- of the Earth. mer, Sylvia, they tell me, starts graduate As President, I have made it my mission classes in Cambridge, England. Good luck. to preserve and advance three legacies close And Sylvia, if you’re looking for a new chal- to all our hearts: a world at peace; an econ- lenge to take on until school starts, there’s omy with good jobs, real opportunity for always the national windsurfing champion- all Americans; a Nation of strong families, ship. Good luck. [Laughter] sturdy values of character and culture. To We see the power of optimism in Jose make this destiny our own, we’ve got to Marrero, who today becomes the first in be part of a larger movement. As parents, his family to graduate from college. And as citizens, as members of the communities he’s done it at the age of 19. And we see we call home, we must rekindle a revolution it in Michael Yelovich. Ten years ago, at to bring change to the country that, indeed, the age of 15, Michael was paralyzed, the has changed the world. result of an accidental shooting. And Mi- Thank you, once again, for this warm wel- chael’s mother wrote me at the White come and this high honor and for inviting House about that difficult time when, in me to share this special day with you and her words, ‘‘Life to Michael and the rest your families. And may God bless the of our family seemed unbearable.’’ Mi- United States of America. Thank you very, chael’s battled back against the odds and very much. the obstacles to get here today. And his mother wrote that ‘‘When he graduates, the Note: The President spoke at 2:50 p.m. at whole world should know.’’ And it seems the Miami Beach Convention Center. In his to her now that the whole world does know. remarks, he referred to Andy Garcia, actor And what a great story that is. and F.I.U. alumnus; Robert Bell, Sherwood And so, when I hear that in America you M. (Woody) Weiser, and Mark B. Rosen- can’t get ahead, I say, ‘‘Tell that one to Mi- berg, F.I.U. Distinguished Service Award chael Yelovich. Try that one on.’’ And when recipients; Mary Ann Smith, Broward I hear that in America our kids are in crisis, County Teacher of the Year; and Angel I say, ‘‘Tell that to Jose Marrero.’’ And when Stanford Jones, Dade County Teacher of the I hear that in America our best days are Year.

Statement by Press Secretary Fitzwater on Syria’s Lifting of Restrictions on Syrian Jews April 27, 1992

We are pleased to have obtained official be accorded the same rights as those en- confirmation from the Syrian Government joyed by all other Syrian citizens. We have on Saturday of the lifting of restrictions on been told that Syrian Jews will be allowed travel and disposition of property for the to travel abroad as families, on business, and Syrian Jewish community. for vacations. Further, the Syrian Govern- The Syrian Government has now in- ment has removed difficulties encountered formed us that, in the aftermath of Presi- by its Jewish citizens with regard to the sale dent Assad’s recent meeting with the lead- and purchase of property. The Syrian Gov- ers of Syria’s Jewish community, all mem- ernment has also released the Soued broth- bers of the Syrian Jewish community will ers, who had been imprisoned for violating

648 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / Apr. 27

Syrian travel laws. integral part of this dialog and has been We welcome these decisions by President raised by both President Bush and Secretary Assad and his Government. This administra- Baker with President Assad and other senior tion has maintained a productive dialog with Syrian officials. We look forward to the full Syria’s leadership on a number of important implementation of these decisions affecting issues, including the peace process. The Syrian Jews. subject of Syrian Jewry has constituted an

Statement by Press Secretary Fitzwater on the Beer Market Access Agreement With Canada April 27, 1992

The President welcomes the agreement the Canadian market. The agreement is an in principle reached Saturday between the indication of the importance of our bilateral U.S. Trade Representative and Canadian of- trading relationship and the willingness of ficials to resolve longstanding bilateral dif- the U.S. and Canada to work cooperatively ferences over access for American beer to to resolve trade differences.

Nomination of William Clark, Jr., To Be an Assistant Secretary of State April 27, 1992

The President today announced his inten- State, 1987–89; and as Deputy Assistant tion to nominate William Clark, Jr., of the Secretary of State for East Asian and Pacific District of Columbia, a member of the Sen- Affairs, 1986–87. In addition, Ambassador ior Foreign Service, class of Career Min- Clark served as Charge´ d’Affaires at the ister, to be an Assistant Secretary of State U.S. Embassy in Cairo, Egypt, 1986, and for East Asian and Pacific Affairs. He would as Deputy Chief of Mission, 1985–86. succeed Richard H. Solomon. Ambassador Clark graduated from San Since 1989, Ambassador Clark has served Jose State College (B.A., 1954). He was as United States Ambassador to India. Prior born October 12, 1930, in Oakland, CA. to this, he served as Principal Deputy As- Ambassador Clark served in the U.S. Navy, sistant Secretary of State for Asian and Pa- 1949–53. He is married, has one child, and cific Affairs at the U.S. Department of resides in Washington, DC.

Remarks at a Bush-Quayle Fundraising Dinner in Charlotte, North Carolina April 27, 1992

Thank you so much for the warm wel- State. Dr. Ford, thank you for your lovely come. Thank you, Jim Martin, Dottie—and words of invocation. Let me single out the Jim, for those kind words and for heading Bravo Singers, did a superb job of harmony up our effort in this great and important there on the anthem. And the Lees-McRae

649 Apr. 27 / Administration of George Bush, 1992

College Clodhoppers out there, the don’t think so at all. I’ll bet it won’t take cloggers, first-class from what I could see. him any time at all before he’s out playing I only saw one end of it down there, but golf on Wednesday afternoons. [Laughter] it looked pretty good. There’s a good reason for Charlotte to And my respects to your neighbor to the be a proud city. I especially admire the way south, the incomparable, outstanding Sen- you support two concerns that are very close ator Strom Thurmond. My heavens, what to my heart: education, that Jim touched a great joy it is to have him and work with on, and service to others. Your Foundation him in the United States Senate. He is a for the Carolinas shows the priority you superb leader. And he’s very proud of the place on these community efforts. And yes, Cat Band of Lexington, South Carolina, this is National Volunteer Week. And I’m that’s with us tonight. reminded that Charlotte is the home to And may I salute the three Congressmen some remarkable, what we call Points of introduced, Congressmen McMillan and Light, including the Cities in Schools volun- Taylor and Ballenger, and thank them for teers, Charlotte Habitat for Humanity, and being with us. Thank our finance team the employees of the Duke Power Company that’s done so much for me already, Bobby that go out and do so much to help others Holt, our national chairman, and Jack get educated. Laughery, our regional—he’s got five States, But now let me thank each of you who and he’s twisting arms in every single one contribute so generously to this reelection of them, doing a first-class job. And Mayo, campaign. This support is important for the thank you, sir, for leading the pack here. future of our country. Let me say it right May I also thank Bob Bradshaw, our dinner up front: I want to be your President for chairman; salute an old friend, colleague— 4 more years, and I believe I’m going to he and I were elected to Congress on the be. same day—Jim Gardner, now the Lieuten- I know that many here are understand- ant Governor, with big plans ahead for him. ably concerned about the economy. That is And Mayor Vinroot, you lead a wonderful my number one concern as well. But this city indeed. You know, coming into Char- month we had some heartening news about lotte is no longer a small-city experience. the United States economy, almost across I can’t believe your airport is now the eighth the board, incidentally. It’s turning around; busiest in the country. The old saw used it’s beginning to move again. The leading to be that you had to go through Atlanta indicator has been trade. U.S. exports are to get to heaven; now they say it is much surging, rising 7 percent in February to a more fun to go through Charlotte. [Laugh- record one-month high of almost $38 bil- ter] lion. And once again, American manufactur- But it’s wonderful to see so many friends ing exports are leading the way. here. And Jim Martin and I have a lot in The evidence is indisputable: Open mar- common. We both have to deal with a kets and free trade mean new hires and house full of Democrats. We don’t need his new buyers, jobs for American workers from Ph.D. to realize that that’s bad chemistry. sales of American goods and services. Jobs You know, I listened very carefully to what in the trade sector have grown 3 times fast- Jesse said, outstanding Senator Jesse Helms, er than overall American job creation. This and heard what he had to say about the good news underscores a fundamental truth spending habits of the Congress and then about our own competitiveness: If we’re to coupled that with what Strom had to say. succeed economically at home, we must And there’s very little left for me. But they lead economically abroad. hit the main points. It is the Congress that There’s still much more that we’ve got to appropriates every dime. It is the Congress do to make America more competitive. The that tells the Executive how to spend every Congress could get this recovery moving dime. quicker and stronger if we would pass the People say they think that Jim Martin— economic package that Strom mentioned, back to him—will have a hard time making the package that I sent up to Congress in the transition from politics to medicine. I January. One of our problems right now is

650 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / Apr. 27 the cost of capital; it is too high. But it’s a posed fundamental changes to help us solve problem we can do something about. A high pressing national problems. capital gains tax rate deters investment, thus We’ve had some successes in our efforts business expansion, and thus job creation. to change things, but more often than not None of our major industrial competitors Congress stands in the way. They are sup- tax capital gains at rates that are comparable ported by an army of special interests. Nei- to ours. Germany doesn’t tax them at all, ther are interested in change. They stand zero. And in Japan, a businessman, entre- squarely behind the status quo. They may preneur who sells the company that he’s be powerful. They may be influential. They built from scratch pays a tax of one percent. may be very well-connected. But let me tell These are America’s toughest competitors. you this: They are absolutely wrong in their But we disadvantage our own workers and approach to the economy of the United then ask them to beat the competition. States of America. That’s just plain dumb. Let me tell you why. It used to be that Yet, the very people who every year com- a doctor’s first concern was the care of the plain about America’s ability to compete are patient, not the chance of a malpractice suit. the same people who every year block our Lawsuit mania, you know what I’m talking efforts to lower the cost of capital. Once about: Obstetricians not delivering babies, and for all they need to get the message: parents literally being driven away from It is time to cut the tax on capital gains. coaching Little League, volunteers not help- And it is time that Congress gives us this ing the elderly, all because of the fear of investment tax allowance that we also put lawsuits. That is wrong. That is not the forward as one of our seven investment America we want. People should spend points. We need that, and we need that one more time helping each other and a little now. And I wish, Strom, that the Congress less time suing each other. would get moving on that. For us to compete we also must lighten And you can help me by calling on the up the regulatory burden that Washington Congress to pass our ‘‘Access to Justice imposes on every American business. Just Act.’’ It is languishing on Capitol Hill, last January we placed a 90-day moratorium blocked by special interest groups getting on Federal regulations. Wherever possible, rich off these outrageous settlements. Our we’ve blocked those regulations that impede legal system is complicated. And people’s growth and accelerated those that encour- rights certainly must be protected. But the age growth. So far, we’ve saved American system desperately needs reform, and no consumers and businesses many billions in lawyers lobby should stand in the way. And regulatory costs. Wednesday, we’ll announce we must fight to put some limits on these our next step in our battle against these ex- liability claims. cessive regulations. But for now I simply It used to be that we were confident that want to say the days of overregulation are when we sent our kids to school they would just that, they are over. And we must all get a first-class education, learn how to read work to keep it that way. and write, understand something about the I’ve talked often about the need for re- world. We believed in building character, form and the need for change. And I’ve so education included teaching values and acted, made specific and far-reaching pro- responsibility, simple right from wrong. We posals. I’ve called for reform of our edu- believed parents shared this responsibility cation system, our health care system, our for education. Parents are a child’s first courts, and our election campaigns. I have teachers, and the home is a child’s first fought for free and fair trade to sustain and school. I believe that’s still the way it ought create good jobs. These are five key issues to be. at the forefront of the national agenda. Be- But educational achievement has been yond that, right down the line, from crime stagnant for years. And now we thank our that Strom talks about, in a field in which lucky stars that our child’s school isn’t the he’s been such a leader, all the way to the one where they find a gun in someone’s Congress itself, our administration has pro- locker or drug dealing out there in the

651 Apr. 27 / Administration of George Bush, 1992 playground, for heaven’s sakes. And our we’d put health care under the department teachers, they often double as counselors, of motor vehicles, and we’d all stand in line mentors, social workers, and surrogate par- all day long. We don’t need another big ents all rolled up into one. God bless our bureaucracy. teachers for the work they do. They deserve Look what happened to Medicaid. It our best effort, they deserve our best effort started as a $1 billion program, $1 billion. to make the system better. It is now $150 billion and growing at a rate And right here, Charlotte and the State of 17 percent a year, 38 percent last year of North Carolina are leading the way. alone. Yes, there are those whose first resort We’ve set national goals, six national goals is a big new Government program with all in a bipartisan fashion, and a strategy to the self-perpetuating features of the old big achieve them. In every State in the Nation Government programs. But make no mis- and over 1,200 communities across the take, nationalized health care would be a country, our America 2000 reforms are national disaster. And I will fight any nation- gaining steam with innovation, these break- alized or socialized medicine plans for the the-mold schools, world-class standards, vol- United States of America. untary national testing, more flexibility for In these and so many areas that demand teachers and principals. And whether it’s our reform, our Government can play a piv- among public schools or private or religious, otal and positive role in addressing many all parents, rich or poor, deserve the right of our Nation’s most critical problems. One to choose their children’s schools. And I half of my adult life, my own, has been challenge Congress to pass legislation to in the private sector, and one half in gov- that end. ernment service. And I’ve seen this country It’s a giant undertaking to create the best change, sometimes for the better, some- schools in the world for our kids, to literally, times for the worse. And you need to know in a country this big, to revolutionize the what needs change. Change for change sake Nation’s education system. But we are going is meaningless and empty. It takes more to do it, with or without permission from the powerful NEA union or the United than happy talk, more than lip service to States Congress. reform or get service to special interest. Charlotte is very fortunate. You’ve got a But that’s what the Democrats are still great Congressman in Alex McMillan. He’s offering if you look at these mandated pro- an expert on another urgent reform issue, grams they’re proposing day in and day out. health care. It used to be that going to the Our party stands for change. But the na- hospital didn’t conjure up images of finan- tional Democratic Party will always revert cial ruin. And while our health care still to form, solve a problem by creating a pro- is the finest quality care in the world, too gram; more power to the bureaucracy, less many people don’t qualify for health insur- to the individual. They do not understand ance, or they simply cannot afford it. And that people are yearning for a return to re- the cost of even minor surgery has gone sponsibility and accountability, values that sky-high, right out through the roof. Many refuse to go out of style. poor people would prefer going to a family That is why major reforms of our Govern- doctor but end up waiting for hours in hos- ment are absolutely essential. The American pital emergency rooms for routine medical people know that as Government tries to attention. This, too, is wrong, and it’s got do more and more, it delivers less and less. to change. Next year, the Federal Government will Our health care proposal is comprehen- spend $1.5 trillion of your money. There sive. It makes health insurance accessible is just no question about it: The Federal and affordable for all Americans without de- Government is too big and spends too stroying the finest quality health care in the much. So, we should start with real spend- world. We must not go the way of these ing reform. It’s time for the President—and nationalized health care plans with long I will not parrot Strom—to have what 43 lines, impersonal service, and fewer options Governors have, that line-item veto. for consumers. If that’s what we wanted, Next, I’ve sent up legislation to end the

652 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / Apr. 28 special treatment for Congress. It is time dented world coalition, and we liberated for the Congress to govern itself by the laws Kuwait from the aggressor. In the process, that it imposes on others. The laws that you we accomplished a breakthrough sought by and I have to abide by, the Congress ought every President from Truman to Reagan: to abide by. And it’s time for sweeping re- We brought Arab neighbors face to face form of campaign financing, but let’s not with Israel for the first time at the peace do it by making the taxpayer fund all these table. This is big. And this is historic. And congressional elections. It’s bad enough to we can all take pride in this as Americans. have them put it in for the President’s race. We won the cold war and we stopped Finally, it’s time to make Congress a citizen Saddam’s aggression because 12 years ago assembly, not a club for career politicians. we renewed our faith in our values and, And so, I think the time has come to limit as Strom pointed out again, we strength- the terms of Members of Congress. I favor ened our defenses. And now, if any of you six terms for a Member of the House and have traveled around the world I believe two for a Senator that precisely has limited you’d agree with this one, the United States terms—the Presidency has it limited. You is the undisputed leader of the entire world. might say, then, why should not the Con- This is no time to pull back. This is no gress? time to retreat, no time to be afraid of the These last few years have seen our world changes in the world. We will keep our- turned absolutely upside down. Think how selves strong. And in world markets, secu- much we have accomplished. We think of rity, and politics, we are going to stay en- our problems, but think of our blessings for gaged, and we are going to continue to lead a minute. With God’s help and with hard the entire world. work to support the convictions we have, And so, in sum, we have a mission to- we’ve helped change the world. We literally gether to carry on the American dream for have changed the world. We’ve helped the new generations. With your help we can win peoples of Eastern Europe and the old So- a mandate to lead this country for 4 more viet empire peacefully throw off the yoke years. We can keep our country a champion of communism. Now we’re helping their of ideas and opportunity and justice. We transition to free markets and helping them can reform our schools and our courts and reduce their nuclear arsenals. our health care system, our very system of And if you ask me what gives you the government. And we can assure that when most pride or pleasure out of having been we reach the new century, America will still President, I take great pride that it was the be the strongest, the bravest, and the freest leadership of the United States that has di- Nation on the face of the Earth. minished for our children the threat of nu- Thank you all. And may God bless each clear war. We stood up against dictators and and every one of you. And may God bless exporters of totalitarian revolution in Latin our great country, the United States of America; we’ve helped make democracy America. Thank you very much. take root in nearly every country of our own hemisphere. Look south of the Rio Grande. Note: The President spoke at 8:05 p.m. at When a ruthless tyrant overran Kuwait the Adam’s Mark Hotel. In his remarks, he and threatened to engulf the entire Middle referred to Gov. James Martin of North East in its worst conflagration, we protected Carolina and his wife, Dorothy; Leighton the people of Israel and Turkey and Saudi Ford, president of Leighton Ford Ministries; Arabia. And we organized an unprece- and Mayo Boddie, a dinner fundraiser.

653 Apr. 28 / Administration of George Bush, 1992

Remarks at Bush-Quayle Campaign Headquarters April 28, 1992

The President. Good to see all of you. things when you’re talking about war and Audience members. Four more years! peace and saying to a whole generation of Four more years! Four more years! Americans you don’t have near as much to The President. Thank you so much. I’ve worry about because of the fear of nuclear just had a wonderful tour of the head- weapons. That’s big, and that’s important, quarters. And now for the best part, to and we did it. Now what we want to do thank the volunteers who have done so is to take that leadership that you all have much already. And we haven’t really begun been a part of, take that leadership and to fight yet. And this is good. I am grateful bring it to bear on the key domestic prob- to each and every one of you. I had a lems in this country. chance to thank many on the professional This is an important election. We’re talk- staff here, but I just would never be able ing about who is going to lead this country to adequately thank you who do so much for 4 more years and who is going to be in the way of volunteering. So I wanted to President. This isn’t some kind of a charge start with that. and countercharge event. We’re talking Bob referred to the fact—Bob Teeter, about significant change. And some of the who is doing a superb job—referred to the cynics say, ‘‘Well, you’ve been President. fact that if things go about the way we ex- What about it?’’ And I’m saying, ‘‘Well, let pect tonight, we’ll have that magic number me tell you about it.’’ of 1105, and that is a very good one. I know We have the best, most innovative edu- it seemed like forever, but it’s been a long, cation program that’s ever been designed long election year. What I’ve decided to do to raise the education standards in this is to concentrate on leading this country, country. And I’ll be saying to the American to concentrate on bringing about the same people: Give us that kind of change. We’ve kind of change domestically that we brought got it; it’s out there; it’s spelled out. And about in foreign affairs. now help us, help us in the election. Help You know, when I look back to when I us with the Congress to bring to these kids started and became President back in Janu- what they need, quality education that’s ary of 1989, one of the great concerns that going to make the United States competitive the young people of this country had was into the next generation. So we’re going to about nuclear war. I think because of the fight for that one. leadership that our administration has been I believe that we sue each other too much able to bring to this area of foreign affairs, and aren’t kind enough to each other. And because we stood up against aggression so we are fighting for liability reform. So when a lot of our critics in the Congress you let the status quo people say that we’ve would not have us do so, we set an example. been standing still. We have programs up We proved that the United States is the there 3 years in a row to do something only true leader of the entire world, and about limiting the liability that says to a Lit- in the process, we bought significant tle League coach, ‘‘You know, you had bet- change. ter not coach because somebody is going We’re trying to implement and fulfill that to sue you,’’ or to an obstetrician, ‘‘You had promise of change in what used to be the better not deliver this baby because you’ve Soviet Union. In the Middle East, ancient got to be worried about some outrageous enemies are talking for the first time in his- lawsuit.’’ We are the party of change. I am tory. And that is something very, very sig- the leader that’s trying to change it. And nificant and very important. We look south with your help and the help of the Amer- of our own border and we see dramatic ican people, we’re going to get that change moves for democracy and freedom. We look brought to the American political scene. So all around the world, and you see things that’s another one. moving much, much better. These are big The same thing is true in health care. We

654 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / Apr. 28 are trying to change the health care system. scared mode. We’re the United States of Not by socializing medicine, like these na- America. We are the undisputed leader of tionalized plans would have you do, that the free world, and we ought not to retreat. some of the Democrats support. Not by We ought to go forward. And give me 4 these ‘‘pay or play’’ plans that would break more years and give me a few changes in every small business in the country but by that Congress, and you watch us move this our plan that makes insurance coverage country forward. available to every American, rich or poor Audience members. Four more years! alike. Some pay, obviously, but those at the Four more years! Four more years! lower end of the spectrum don’t. We are The President. Let me tell you this. This going to revolutionize and change our enthusiasm makes me want to change our health care system, but we need the support game plan, but I don’t think I will. The now of the American people. We’ve got to keep the high quality of American care, but game plan is simply—might get killed by make access available to all. That’s what Teeter and Malek and Mosbacher, all of we’re trying to do on our health care pro- whom are doing a great job—but our game gram. plan is this: Run this country; spell out these We’re talking also about Government re- priorities; get these programs up to the Hill form. I’ve got an old-fashioned idea. I think and try again to reach out and get these Congress ought to live by the same laws things passed to benefit the American peo- that they make us live by. And so we need ple. to reform the Congress itself or our whole But the other part of it is, I have not method of Government. I happen to think been attacking any opponent. I hope you that term limitations are good. They’ve got know that. I haven’t done it. We’ve had able them on the President. Why shouldn’t they surrogates trying to put these people into be on the Congress of the United States? proper perspective, but I have not been en- I happen to think that a President ought gaged in that. [Laughter] I have not been to have the same thing that 43 Governors engaged in that because I believe it is im- have, a line-item veto. Let’s take that one portant to be President of the United to the American people and see how it States. But let me tell you something. This would work. I’m glad to hear the Democrats enthusiasm here today gets my adrenaline now getting on board for a balanced budget flowing. I can’t wait to get the proper signal amendment, something I’ve been talking at the proper time to get into that arena, for, a change I’ve been trying to bring about not in a negative sense but to point out for the last 3 years. So we’ve got these won- the positive things I’ve talked about today, derful changes that we are working for. And to take on these opponents head on, who- now, all we need to do is change the Con- ever they prove to be, after the Republican gress so we can get these changes through Convention, because I am convinced that to benefit the American people. The last of these five points relates to our values, our emphasis on family values free and fair trade. We are not going to is something that’s stronger, not weaker, pull back into some isolationistic sphere or today than it was before. I think we need some protectionist sphere because of some to perform for the American people, and outrageous promises by Democratic Con- I have suggestions as to how we can gressmen that, if you only pull back, we strengthen the American family. That’s one can protect American jobs. I want to in- example. crease American jobs. And that’s why I’m There are many other questions of values fighting hard for a successful conclusion of that I think our constituency is just as strong the GATT round, and that’s why I want as it’s ever been. I believe that when the that North American free trade agreement campaign rolls around and we get the gloves with Mexico. It will create new jobs and off and we get into the arena with these expand our markets abroad. And we ought people, we can conduct ourselves with a to be looking with optimism to the future certain sense of honor, a certain sense of instead of pulling back in some pessimistic decency, a certain compassion, and

655 Apr. 28 / Administration of George Bush, 1992 a certain caring. But I’ll be damned if I’m In a few days, Barbara Bush—who I hap- going to roll over for a lot of these out- pen to think is doing a superb job as First rageous charges that are coming out of the Lady of the United States—she’ll be coming opposition day-in and day-out. We don’t over here to say thanks. I don’t know have to take that. So, since the air condi- whether George minded his manners the tioning man didn’t make it today, I will now way he should have; he was in here. Some- finish my speech. body told me he went on for about 15 min- Audience member. He’s a Democrat. utes, but nevertheless, I hope he said thank The President. He’s a Democrat. That’s you. All of our kids who are in this ugliness all right; maybe he is. [Laughter] of this campaign, they are very, very grate- But listen, really, let me end where I ful. And there is no way to say thanks. So began. I’ve been in politics a long time. I you keep up the work. I will keep up the figured it out the other day because this work. We are going to win, and I think one actually has some political significance: we’re going to win big, come November. Half of my adult life has been in public Thank you very, very much. Thank you. life and half of it in the private sector. I think that’s a pretty good mix, so you don’t lose track of what the fundamental prob- Note: The President spoke at 1:44 p.m. In lems are in this country or how to go about his remarks, he referred to Bush-Quayle ’92 solving them. But I have always felt that officers Robert Teeter, campaign chairman, there is no way, even for a President, to Fred Malek, campaign manager, and Robert adequately express his appreciation for what Mosbacher, general chairman, and to his you do. son George W. Bush.

Statement on Signing the Act Approving the Location of the George Mason Memorial April 28, 1992

Today I have signed into law H.J. Res. the District of Columbia. It is my under- 402, which approves the location of a me- standing that, upon enactment of this joint morial to George Mason in the District of resolution, a memorial to George Mason Columbia and its environs. Pursuant to the may be established in Area I without further Commemorative Works Act, 40 U.S.C. legislation. 1001, et seq., the Congress authorized the establishment of this memorial in 1990 GEORGE BUSH (Public Law 101–358, 104 Stat. 419, August The White House, 10, 1990). On October 10, 1991, and again April 28, 1992. on April 22, 1992, the Secretary of the Inte- rior notified the Congress of his determina- Note: H.J. Res. 402, approved April 28, was tion that the memorial should be located assigned Public Law No. 102–277. in Area I, the central monumental core of

656 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / Apr. 28

Message to the Congress Transmitting Proposed Legislation on Job Training 2000 April 28, 1992

To the Congress of the United States: grams. I am pleased to transmit today for your The Job Training 2000 initiative would be immediate consideration and enactment the coordinated through the Private Industry ‘‘Job Training 2000 Act.’’ This legislation Councils (PICs) formed under the Job would reform the Federal vocational train- Training Partnership Act (JTPA). PICs are ing system to meet the Nation’s work force the public/private governing boards that needs into the 21st century by establishing: oversee local job training programs in nearly (1) a network of local skill centers to serve 650 JTPA service delivery areas. A majority as a common point of entry to vocational of PIC members are private sector rep- training; (2) a certification system to ensure resentatives. Other members are from edu- that only high quality vocational training cational agencies, labor, community-based programs receive Federal funds; and (3) a organizations, the public Employment Serv- voucher system for vocational training to enhance participant choice. ice, and economic development agencies. Currently, a myriad of programs adminis- Under the Job Training 2000 Act, the tered by a number of Federal agencies offer benefits of business community input, now vocational education and job training at a available only to JTPA, would enhance other cost of billions of dollars each year. This Federal vocational training programs. PICs investment in the federally supported edu- would form the ‘‘management core’’ of the cation and training system should provide Job Training 2000 system and would over- opportunities to acquire the vital skills to see skill centers, certify (in conjunction with succeed in a changing economy. Unfortu- State agencies) federally funded vocational nately, the current reality is that services training programs, and manage the voca- are disjointed, and administration is ineffi- tional training voucher system. Under this cient. Few individuals—especially young, system, PICs would be accountable to Gov- low-income, unskilled people—are able to ernors for their activities, who in turn would obtain crucial information on the quality of report on performance to a Federal Voca- training programs and the job opportunities tional Training Council. and skill requirements in the fields for The skill centers would be established which training is available. under this Act as a one-stop entry point The Job Training 2000 Act transforms this to provide workers and employers with easy maze of programs into a vocational training access to information about vocational train- system responsive to the needs of individ- ing, labor markets, and other services avail- uals, business, and the national economy. able throughout the community. The skill Four key principles underlie the Job centers would be designated by the local Training 2000 Act. First, the proposal is designed to simplify and coordinate services PICs after consultations within the local for individuals seeking vocational training or community. These centers would replace information relating to such training. Sec- the dozens of entry points now in each com- ond, it would decentralize decision-making munity. Centers would present a coherent and create a flexible service delivery struc- menu of options and services to individuals ture for public programs that reflects local seeking assistance: assessment of skill levels labor market conditions. Third, it would en- and service needs, information on occupa- sure high standards of quality and account- tions and earnings, career counseling and ability for federally funded vocational train- planning, employability development, infor- ing programs. Fourth, it would encourage mation on federally funded vocational train- greater and more effective private sector in- ing programs, and referrals to agencies and volvement in the vocational training pro- programs providing a wide range of services.

657 Apr. 28 / Administration of George Bush, 1992

The skill centers would enter into written through a voucher system. The voucher sys- agreements regarding their operation with tem would be operated under a local agree- participating Federal vocational training ment between the PIC and covered pro- programs. The programs would agree to grams. The system would provide partici- provide certain core services only through pants with the opportunity to choose from the skill centers and would transfer suffi- among certified service providers. The cient resources to the skill centers to pro- vouchers would also contain financial incen- vide such services. These provisions would tives for successful training outcomes. By ensure improved client access, minimize du- promoting choice and competition among plication, and enhance the effectiveness of service providers, the establishment of this vocational training programs. system would enhance the quality of voca- The Job Training 2000 Act also would es- tional training. tablish a certification system for Federal vo- This legislation provides an important op- cational training that is based on perform- portunity to improve services to youths and ance. To be eligible to receive Federal voca- adults needing to raise their skills for the tional training funds, a program would have labor market by focusing on the ‘‘consum- to provide effective training as measured by er’s’’ needs rather than preserving out- outcomes, including job placement, reten- moded and disjointed traditional ap- tion, and earnings. The PIC, in conjunction proaches. Enactment of this legislation with the designated State agency, would would make significant contributions to the certify programs that meet these standards. country’s competitiveness by enhancing the This system would increase the availability opportunities available to our current and of information to clients regarding the per- future workers and increasing the skills and formance of vocational training programs productivity of our work force. and ensure that Federal funds are only used I urge the Congress to give this legislation for quality programs. prompt and favorable consideration. For the most part, vocational training provided under JTPA, the Carl D. Perkins Vo- GEORGE BUSH cational Education Act (postsecondary only), and the Food Stamp Employment and The White House, Training program would be provided April 28, 1992.

Message to the Congress Transmitting the Report of the Federal Council on the Aging April 28, 1992

To the Congress of the United States: programs serving older Americans. In accordance with section 204(f) of the Older Americans Act of 1965, as amended GEORGE BUSH (42 U.S.C. 3015(f)), I hereby transmit the Annual Report for 1991 of the Federal The White House, Council on the Aging. The report reflects April 28, 1992. the Council’s views in its role of examining

658 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / Apr. 28

Message to the Congress Transmitting the Report of the National Endowment for the Humanities April 28, 1992

To the Congress of the United States: tional Endowment for the Humanities for In accordance with the provisions of the fiscal year 1991. National Foundation on the Arts and Hu- GEORGE BUSH manities Act of 1965, as amended (20 U.S.C. 959(b)), I am pleased to transmit The White House, herewith the 25th Annual Report of the Na- April 28, 1992.

Letter to Congressional Leaders Transmitting a Report on Nuclear Weapons Matters April 28, 1992

Dear Mr. Chairman: Sincerely, Enclosed, pursuant to section 3142 of the GEORGE BUSH National Defense Authorization Act for Fis- cal Years 1992 and 1993 (Public Law 102– Note: Identical letters were sent to Les 190; 105 Stat. 1581), is a Report on Nuclear Aspin, chairman of the House Armed Serv- Weapons Matters. The report is unclassi- ices Committee, and Sam Nunn, chairman fied, with a classified appendix. of the Senate Armed Services Committee.

Statement by Press Secretary Fitzwater on the President’s Meeting With First Deputy Prime Minister Yegor Gaydar of Russia April 28, 1992

The President met for approximately 20 support for President Yeltsin and his pro- minutes this afternoon in the Oval Office gram of reforms. The President stressed the with the First Deputy Prime Minister of importance of creating a favorable climate Russia, Yegor Gaydar, who was in Washing- in Russia for private investment which will ton to attend the annual meeting of the be vital to the success of the reform pro- International Monetary Fund (IMF). The gram. He also stated that it was important discussion focused mainly on the reform that Russia reach an agreement with the process in Russia. The President congratu- IMF on a standby program in order to acti- lated Mr. Gaydar on the outcome of the vate the aid program that he had announced recent sessions of the Congress of People’s on April 1. Deputies and expressed the United States

659 Apr. 28 / Administration of George Bush, 1992

Statement by Press Secretary Fitzwater on the President’s Meeting With President Turgut O¨ zal of Turkey April 28, 1992

The President met with President Turgut and negotiate their future in peace. Presi- O¨ zal of Turkey today for 30 minutes in the dent Bush and President O¨ zal called on the Oval Office. The discussions included a leadership in Belgrade and Zagreb to work number of regional issues, including the sit- actively with the Izetbegovic government in uation in Cyprus, Iraq, the Central Asian Sarajevo to end the violence in Bosnia. Republics, and the conflict in Bosnia. The President continues to urge all parties, Serb, Note: The statement referred to President Croat, and Muslim, to lay down their arms Alija Izetbegovic of Bosnia.

Remarks at the Annual Republican Congressional Fundraising Dinner April 28, 1992

Thank you all very much. Thank you, of society and should be at the center of Guy, and thank you, Howard Baker, and our thoughts as we make, in Washington, thank all of you that made this dinner such decisions that affect it. And the fact is, par- a success. Thank you very, very much. ties, like people, have tendencies. And we Let me just say that that is good news. Republicans have believed in and protected And I’m very grateful to so many for this some very important things. victory. And it’s wonderful to be officially We believe that Government has a place, over the top. But I want to start by thanking but it also has limits on what it can and both Dan Quayle and Marilyn, who have should do. Government can’t solve every- done such a wonderful job out on the cam- thing. In fact, you always have to make sure paign trail. And next, I thank all of those Government doesn’t start problems. We be- who have helped in so many ways, vol- lieve taxes should be small, not big. We be- unteering their time, their efforts. Barbara lieve those who pay them have rights, and and I want to thank you and all those across those who benefit from them have respon- the country who participated in this primary sibilities. process to make these 1,105 delegates possible. Thank you all very much, wherever We believe that whatever the cir- you may be. cumstances, cold war, hot war, relative I know to all it seems the way it does calm, or a new age of peace and freedom, to Barbara and me: This has been a long whatever the hand history deals you, there election process. And we’re only halfway is one key to a safer, more peaceful world. through the journey, halfway to the goal. And that is an American defense structure But there’s some things I want to say. First, second to none. History has taught us that I have learned a lot in this campaign. I lesson, and Republicans always remember. know better than I did the depth of the We believe in common sense. When cares and concerns of those who chose to something’s broke, you fix it. Tonight so support us and of those who didn’t. And many of you came here to help me put lately I’ve been thinking of what we have an end to the obstruction and abuses of the in common, all of us who took part on the Democratic majority in the Congress of the Republican side in this contest. United States. When Ronald Reagan had We all believe in America called America. a Republican majority in the Senate, led by We all believe the family is at the center Howard Baker, our great chairman, he

660 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / Apr. 29 made Reaganism a policy. He got a lot of issues, on the issues that shape the world, his programs through. And my administra- and on the values close to home. tion has put forth good ideas. We have a As President, I have made it my mission great Cabinet, new solutions. Then we’ve to preserve and protect three legacies close seen them killed by the Democratic major- to all our hearts: a world at peace, and we ity up there on ‘‘Heartbreak Hill,’’ or worse, have a great record to take to the American have seen a Democratic leadership that re- people on this; an economy with good jobs, fuses to let the Congress even vote on the real opportunity for all Americans, and ideas that the voters back in 1988 over- things are looking much better for the econ- whelmingly endorsed. omy now; and we must preserve a Nation You know, the other day someone asked of strong families, communities where every me how I could be for change. I said, child has someone he can count on, some- ‘‘Look, let me put it this way. I’m not out one who calls him by his name. I am very here trying to assign blame. We’re all in proud of Barbara Bush and of her loving this together. We must work together.’’ But concern for the children of this country. I told him, ‘‘Change the Congress, and I History has taken a turn in the past few will get the job done.’’ It is that clear. We years and given us a wonderful opportunity. need a majority of Republicans in the If we apply our good beliefs, our sensible, House and the Senate. And that is one im- heartfelt beliefs to this great opportunity, portant thing that this election year is all then we can say that we will make a con- about. And as I survey the scene and listen tribution to our country, a contribution to to the American people, this could well be our children’s lives, and a contribution to the year. It really could well be the year history. The stakes are just that high. we get control of both Houses of Congress. One more thing: I intend to win this Finally, we Republicans believe in the old thing. I intend to win it, and with your help wisdom, the enduring values, the enduring we will win it big come November. social values that we live by as we build Thank you all. And may God bless the a great Nation: Religious faith, honesty, per- United States of America. sonal responsibility, hard work, and merit. Styles come and go, fads and fashions fade, Note: The President spoke at 7:52 p.m. at but the old enduring values never go out the Washington Convention Center. In his of style. I really believe that. I believe that remarks, he referred to Representative Guy a President with the right ideas, the right Vander Jagt, chairman of the National Re- intentions, the right beliefs can get them publican Senatorial Committee, who intro- through the right kind of Congress. We’re duced the President, and former Senator here tonight because we agree on the big Howard Baker, dinner chairman.

Remarks at the Arrival Ceremony for President Richard von Weizsa¨cker of Germany April 29, 1992

President and Mrs. von Weizsa¨cker, Min- hometown of Houston, Texas. ister and Mrs. Genscher, distinguished Mr. President, your presence doubly hon- members of the German delegation, on be- ors us. Not only is this your first state visit half of the American people, let me warmly here, but I’m told that it is your first state welcome you to the United States and to visit to any country since the triumphant Washington on this beautiful spring day. reunification one and a half years ago. Your Barbara and I hope you have a productive presence here is testimony to the and an enjoyable visit, and we’re especially happy that you’ll spend a few days in our

661 Apr. 29 / Administration of George Bush, 1992 enduring ties that exist between our lands Europe. And in that spirit, we strongly wel- and our people. The German-American re- come German involvement in global affairs. lationship has grown even stronger through Strong German-American cooperation is cold-war and post-cold-war cooperation, fully compatible with development of a drawing our two peoples even more closely more unified Europe, a goal that the United together. States has consistently supported over the You come at a pivotal time for our two years, just as unequivocally as we supported countries and, indeed, the entire world. a united Germany. Forty-five years ago at an equally pivotal As our world looks ahead to the coming time, some in the United States said that century, I want to state this point as clearly we should turn inward, turn our backs on as I can: The United States is firmly com- our defeated adversaries. And we did not. mitted to remaining a world leader. We will Instead we committed ourselves to democ- play an active role in securing peace, secu- racy’s success, helping Europe, helping Ger- rity, and prosperity in Europe and in our many and its fledgling democracy. What a transatlantic community. We must work to- wise decision that was, committing ourselves gether to overcome differences, to drive to a continuing global role and making an down barriers to free and fair trade, to investment in German democracy. And achieve in the GATT negotiations agree- today we see the fruits of that decision, ments that will secure for all nations a new united Germany, a model of democracy for prosperity. the whole world and certainly a reliable Mr. President, you, sir, have played a vital friend and partner for the United States of role in this. You’ve made it your task to America. help reconcile former adversaries, to over- Today, Germany and the U.S. face a simi- come the antagonisms of the past, and to lar decision as the peoples of Russia and heal the wounds of division and strife. In the other new States seek to follow the a time of upheaval and rapid change, you’ve countries of Central and Eastern Europe in provided your countrymen with firm, moral building democracy and free markets. Ger- leadership. And you’ve helped them come many and America in partnership are com- to terms with the twin catastrophes of dicta- mitted to supporting those who are strug- torship and division that befell Germany gling with the legacy of a defeated Com- this century. And now, the German nation munist system, and making an investment is at peace with itself, steadfastly committed in their democratic future. Those who to democracy and human rights. would ask why this is the right course need Mr. President, Germany and the United only look at a united Germany, once our States are guided by the words of your great adversary, now our close friend, now our national anthem: ‘‘May our path by peace partner in leadership. be lighted.’’ And as we walk down that path Mr. President, 3 years ago I accompanied of peace together, may God bless our two Chancellor Kohl on a visit to your beautiful great nations and the lasting friendship that Rhineland city of Mainz. And there I spoke unites the people of Germany and the of how together we could build a Europe United States of America. whole and free, at peace with itself. Because Thank you. lasting security comes not from tanks, troops, or barbed wire; it is built on shared values and agreements that link free people. I believed that in Mainz, and I believe it just as firmly today. United Germany is a key partner for the Note: The President spoke at 10:12 a.m. on United States in promoting democracy and the South Lawn at the White House. In his economic reform in Eastern Europe and the remarks, he referred to German Vice Chan- former Soviet Union. You are our partner cellor and Foreign Minister Hans-Dietrich in building a more united and cooperative Genscher.

662 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / Apr. 29

Remarks on Regulatory Reform April 29, 1992

Well, a warm welcome to the White When Congress shirks the responsibility for House for all of you. And first, I want to leadership, it tends to embrace many prem- salute the three generals in the war for reg- ises of the command economy. For exam- ulatory reform: our Vice President, Dan ple, when Congress passes laws mandating Quayle, Boyden Gray, and Dr. Michael Americans to dance to the tune of arbitrary Boskin. We also have here some frontline social and economic goals, it leaves the de- troops actively engaged in this process, tails of this choreography to the bureauc- members of the administration and Cabinet: racy. This is not right. The bureaucracy is Andy Card and Barbara Franklin and Jim not accountable in the same way a legisla- Watkins and Lynn Martin and Dick ture should be or a President should be. Darman, Pat Saiki, Bill Reilly, and many Over the years, many Americans have felt others out here that are working for these the growing burden of regulation’s tax in kinds of changes. I also appreciate your ef- disguise. And we learned some hard lessons. forts for fundamental reform of Govern- We learned that lonely keepers of the flame ment regulation. That’s what brings us here of economic reform, men like the late today. Friedrich von Hayek, were right. The era Regulation imposes what we see as a hid- of bureaucracy and regulation produced one den tax on all Americans. This reform is example after another validating von one of the top priorities that I stressed in Hayek’s observation: Rule by bureaucracy my State of the Union Message, and it’s undermines the true rule of law and runs a vital element of our national reform agen- headlong into the iron law of unintended da. consequences. Two hundred years ago our Founding Fa- Let me tell you what this means in the thers championed a whole new way of real world. Take a common concern about thinking about man’s relationship to govern- safety. Inflexible safety rules can undermine ment by unleashing forces of social and eco- safety in unforeseen ways: If Government nomic freedom. They made the United mandates make ladders more and more States a haven for the poor and the op- costly to consumers, just for example, more pressed, indeed, a land of opportunity. Our people will turn to cheaper substitutes. system did not promise material well-being, They’ll climb on chairs or step stools which but it guaranteed personal freedom. In just are far less safe. Of course, regulators creat- one century’s time, millions of poor people ing such a rule would not intend to make came here from every corner of the Old people less safe, but that’s just how it works World. And because America empowered in practice. That’s what we mean by unin- them to use their God-given talents to the tended consequences. fullest, people who came to our shores with Consider another example, this time with nothing but faith and imagination made us environmental rules. Command-and-control the strongest and freest Nation on Earth. environmental rules actually can harm the Since the thirties, when a great economic environment. Regulations under the old shock hit the world, Government has often Clean Air Act, for example, required new turned to projects of social engineering. power plants to install scrubbers to clean And too often, in my opinion, Government up air pollution. Not only did this increase embraced the notion that human actions, the cost of electricity, but it also generated human choices could be organized to good scrubber sludge to be disposed of in land- effect only through bureaucratic blueprints. fills. Now we have a much better, market- This posed a challenge to our precious her- based program which provides companies itage of limited government and the rule more options in how they reduce pollution, of law. It veered us away from the tradition for example through our innovative emis- of the accountability of citizen legislators. sions trading program or through increased

663 Apr. 29 / Administration of George Bush, 1992 use of cleaner burning natural gas. family. And this is just a down payment on I could go on all day with examples of savings to come. inflexible rules that impose hidden taxes and Every Agency that I asked to participate costs on society. I could cite any number has responded with action. Some Agencies of abstract rules in collision with how things already have accomplished important re- actually work: How highway fatalities can forms, and all Agencies have completed a increase and American auto workers can reform agenda which they will carry out in lose jobs when Congress tries to legislate the months ahead. the fuel efficiency of cars; how a regulation To help us move forward with our reform system, plump with noble intentions, can agenda, today I am ordering a 120-day ex- keep life-saving drugs and medical devices from patients who need them. And let me tension of the moratorium on new regula- add a personally gratifying note. The speed- tions. I am directing the Competitiveness up of approval for new ‘‘breakthrough’’ Council to take the lead in implementing drugs for AIDS and for cancer and other these reforms. Our objective must be to life-threatening diseases is the culmination stop new rules that hurt growth while of the work that I was active in, that I speeding up new rules to help our economy. helped begin almost 10 years ago. During the next 120 days I expect many Reforming regulation is a huge and time- more gains for freedom and common sense. consuming task. Presiding over the Task I’ll ask the United States Congress to do Force on Regulation during the eighties its part. I’ll be working with regulatory re- was, for example, one of the most important formers in every Federal Agency to propose assignments that President Reagan gave me new legislation where needed to eliminate when I was Vice President. I’ve given a unreasonable regulatory burdens that are similar assignment to Vice President Dan now mandated by statute. And Congress Quayle and my Council on Competitiveness, also should pass legislation that has been and I am very grateful for his leadership pending for 3 years to reauthorize the Pa- and for the work of the Council. perwork Reduction Act. And further, I’m Today regulation is facing a heightened putting Congress on notice: I will veto any public concern and a growing public impa- tience. Many times this manifests itself in bill that attempts to put excessive new bur- the phrase, ‘‘Get the Government off our dens of regulation on the backs of our fami- backs.’’ More and more people are sending lies, our consumers, our workers, and our Washington an unmistakable message: businesses. There will be no, and I repeat, Overregulation costs jobs. And thanks to no return to business-as-usual. this rising sentiment, we are able to acceler- Let me be very clear about our aims: We ate needed reforms. cannot and will not abolish all regulation. In my State of the Union Address, I lit I have responsibilities as Chief Executive a fire under our regulatory reformers, gave to enforce sound regulations for the health them 90 days to produce dramatic results. and safety of the American people, and I’ll Today marks the 91st day, and let me report keep that trust. The best way to keep that our reformers have come through with fly- trust is through a fundamental reform of ing colors. our system of regulation. This is more than From biotechnology to banking to energy, a 3-month or even a 3-year effort. This is we’ve made achievements that will lower more than an exercise in adjusting or fine- costs and increase choices for American tuning the system. The economy is begin- consumers. We’ve carried out reforms that ning to recover now. To ensure that recov- will create and preserve good jobs for ery continues and is strengthened, to ensure Americans and help us stay competitive in that we can create new jobs, we must con- the world. We estimate that the reforms tinue our course of regulatory reform. we’ve set in motion just since January 28th will save consumers about $15 billion to $20 Our campaign for regulatory reform billion a year. That’s a savings of $225 to meshes with our efforts for Government re- $300 per year for the average American form, like our proposal to limit the terms

664 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / Apr. 29 of Congressmen and make them more ac- future. There is no doubt in my mind: The countable. It fits also with our crusade for day is coming when we will put the final reform of the civil justice system, against wrecking ball to the discredited system of the tyranny of these nuisance lawsuits that the social engineers. We will restore this mock our time-honored traditions of justice. country. We will build it back, sturdy in It goes hand in hand with our efforts to the radical faith in freedom that is the leg- reform American education by allowing par- acy of our Founding Fathers. ents, not governments, to choose their chil- Now I’m going to have the honor and dren’s schools. In short, there’s a common privilege of signing the memorandum ex- purpose linking all of our efforts to renew tending the regulatory moratorium. Thank the spirit and practice of limited govern- you all very much. ment. So let’s take heart, and let’s get to work. Note: The President spoke at 2 p.m. in the We can see the future, and it is a freer Rose Garden at the White House.

Memorandum on Implementing Regulatory Reforms April 29, 1992

Memorandum for Certain Department and Accordingly, I ask that each of your agen- Agency Heads cies set aside the next 120 days for this pur- Subject: Implementing Regulatory Reforms pose. To that end, I request that, to the maximum extent possible, you adhere to the On January 28, 1992, I issued a memoran- following specific guidelines: dum asking each of you to set aside a 90- 1. Reforms that do not require public day period to conduct a review of existing comment should be implemented as regulations and programs and to accelerate quickly as possible, but no later than June initiatives that will create jobs and stimulate 1, 1992. Reforms that have already been economic growth. noticed for public comment should be Your response thus far has been excellent. issued in final form as quickly as possible, Together, we have already implemented nu- but no later than August 1, 1992. merous reforms that will ultimately reduce 2. Other reforms requiring public com- the prices American consumers and busi- ment should be noticed for comment as nesses pay for energy and transportation, in- soon as possible—but no later than June crease the amount of credit available for business expansion and homes, cut red tape 15, 1992—with a view to issuing final for emerging industries such as bio- rules no later than August 27, 1992. technology, and reduce many other regu- 3. On September 1, 1992, each agency latory barriers to job creation and economic should submit an additional report to me. growth. This report should summarize all the pro- But much remains to be done. Within the growth reforms implemented since Janu- next few days, each of you will be submit- ary 28. It should also estimate the poten- ting a report outlining additional proposals tial cost savings or other benefits to the to eliminate or revise unnecessary, and un- economy created by these pro-growth re- necessarily burdensome, regulations. Every forms, including an estimate of the ex- agency has identified a number of reforms pected net increase in jobs. that can be accomplished without new legis- 4. To ensure that adequate agency relation. We must make every effort to imple- sources are devoted to the reform effort, ment as quickly as possible those proposals your agency should continue, during this that will create jobs and enhance economic 120-day period, to adhere to the morato- growth without endangering public health rium as described in my January 28 or safety. memorandum. I emphasize, as I did then,

665 Apr. 29 / Administration of George Bush, 1992

that this moratorium does not apply to The Secretary of the Treasury, the Secretary certain limited categories of regulations, of Defense, the Attorney General, the Sec- including those that respond to situations retary of the Interior, the Secretary of Agri- posing an imminent danger to human culture, the Secretary of Commerce, the Sec- health or safety. retary of Labor, the Secretary of Health and 5. Your agency should also continue to Human Services, the Secretary of Housing adhere to the substantive standards de- and Urban Development, the Secretary of tailed in my January 28 memorandum Transportation, the Secretary of Energy, the with respect to all programs and regula- Secretary of Education, the Chairman of the tions. And, to the extent it does not dupli- Interstate Commerce Commission, the cate existing regulatory review processes, Chairman of the Board of Governors of the you should submit to me, in advance, a Federal Reserve System, the Chairman of complete regulatory impact analysis of the Federal Trade Commission, the Chair- each major rule proposed to be issued person of the Federal Deposit Insurance during this period. This will help ensure Corporation, the Chairman of the Securities that these regulations achieve their objec- and Exchange Commission, the Chairman tives at the least cost to American con- of the Federal Communications Commis- sumers and workers. sion, the Chairman of the Federal Maritime In implementing your reforms and in pre- Commission, the Chairman of the Equal paring the reports described in paragraph Employment Opportunity Commission, the 3, you and your agency’s regulatory over- Administrator of the Environmental Protec- sight official should continue coordinating tion Agency, the Chairman of the Nuclear with the Competitiveness Council’s Working Regulatory Commission, the Chairman of Group on Regulatory Reform. the Commodity Futures Trading Commis- sion, the Chairman of the Federal Energy GEORGE BUSH Regulatory Commission.

Memorandum on Benefits and Costs of Legislative Proposals April 29, 1992

Memorandum for the Heads of Departments that show the rate of growth of jobs and and Agencies incomes for the American people. Identify- ing the benefits and costs of proposed regu- Subject: Benefits and Costs of Legislative latory and other Federal legislation and Proposals their indirect effects is a crucial first step I am today directing the establishment of in assuring strong economic performance. procedures by which the likely benefits and I therefore direct the Director of the Of- costs to the American public of legislative fice of Management and Budget to ensure proposals are disclosed, to the public and that quantified estimates of the likely bene- to the Congress, before enactment. These fits and costs of legislative proposals are procedures will permit the full and fair eval- provided on a timely basis to the Congress. uation of these benefits and costs, both di- This shall be undertaken as part of the legis- rect and indirect, as part of the legislative lative coordination and clearance process es- process. tablished by OMB, and shall be consistent The rational and efficient balancing of the with the policies stated in existing Executive benefits and costs of proposed Federal leg- orders. islation can be hindered by a lack of key Where appropriate, these estimates information. Enactment of legislation with- should include assessments of the effect of out consideration of this information may the proposed legislation on: result in costly and inefficient requirements 1. The expected benefits and costs for the

666 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / Apr. 29

U.S. economy (including, for example, under active consideration by the Congress, the impact on consumers, firms, and or to be proposed by a department or agen- State and local governments); cy, that have substantial impact upon the 2. U.S. employment, inflation, inter- public, and should provide the Office of national competitiveness, and economic Management and Budget with such progrowth (measured, for example, by posed estimates as may be requested by the gross domestic product); and Director. The Director of the Office of 3. Outlays and revenues by the Federal Management and Budget shall, in consulta- government as compared to outlays and tion with the Chairman of the Council of revenues for the same activity in the Economic Advisers, provide technical guid- current fiscal year. ance to agencies on the methodology for preparing high quality and accurate esti- Departments and agencies should prepare mates. these estimates in a timely manner for significant elements of legislative proposals GEORGE BUSH

Letter to Congressional Leaders Transmitting the Report of the On- Site Inspection Agency April 29, 1992

Dear Mr. Chairman: Note: Identical letters were sent to Sam Pursuant to section 64 of the Arms Con- Nunn, chairman of the Senate Committee trol and Disarmament Act, as amended (22 on Armed Services; Les Aspin, chairman of U.S.C. 2595b–1(a)), I hereby transmit the the House Committee on Armed Services; enclosed report on the activities of the On- Claiborne Pell, chairman of the Senate Site Inspection Agency of the Department Committee on Foreign Relations; and Dante of Defense. B. Fascell, chairman of the House Commit- Sincerely, tee on Foreign Affairs. GEORGE BUSH

Remarks at the State Dinner for President Richard von Weizsa¨cker of Germany April 29, 1992

President and Mrs. von Weizsa¨cker, Bar- We are also honored that Foreign Min- bara and I are just delighted, we are hon- ister Genscher, who just announced that he ored to welcome you here as the first Presi- is stepping down from the position he’s held dent of a united Federal Republic of Ger- with such distinction for 18 years, is with many. You are known the world over as a us, together with Mrs. Genscher. Hans- man who embodies the values that have Dietrich, now, where is he? I’m looking, made Germany’s unity and democracy a looking, looking. Over here. [Laughter] source of hope to the world. President von Hans-Dietrich, thank you, sir, for your fan- Weizsa¨cker, throughout an era of division tastic service, for your friendship, and for you constantly stood for unity, the unity of all you have done for our common good. the German people, the unity of Europeans, We are delighted that you are with us. East and West, and the unity and brother- To all our German friends, let me say hood, before God, of all mankind. that we rejoiced with you a year and a half

667 Apr. 29 / Administration of George Bush, 1992 ago as Germany was united once more in precisely where these revolutionary changes peace and freedom. At midnight, the exact will take us. But this we do know: Our prin- moment when two countries became one, ciples have not changed, for they have been Berlin’s liberty bell pealed triumphantly. proven right. And we are confident, for our And we were proud to share in the glory shared values and unity of purpose have of that moment since the bell, a replica of guided us through our past and will con- our own Liberty Bell, was a gift from the tinue to guide us in our future. American people offered in friendship and Barbara and I speak proudly for this support. country when we call on everyone here to Mr. President, those half million people celebrate the promise our relationship crowded around the Reichstag that night holds. It’s a relationship that this city, led will always remember the words that you by the Kennedy Center, whose Mr. Jim proclaimed as the bell rang, and here it is: Wolfensohn is with us tonight, is com- ‘‘We want to serve world peace in a united memorating with an unprecedented salute Europe.’’ Americans thrilled with you at to 300 years of German culture, a festival that moment, we really did. And German under our joint patronage. unification, which for so long seemed so far Now, in that spirit of cultural excellence, away, so distant, was but one of the German we have a present for you. There’s a slogan miracles we’ve seen in our lifetimes. in America, and it’s particularly appropriate There is, of course, Germany’s legendary during a political year: If you want a friend, economic miracle. But I’m thinking of get a dog. [Laughter] And so in the spirit something else, your country’s moral revival, of enduring friendship, we’ll give you the of the patience and spirit of reconciliation translation, the German translation. And I that it took to create a climate of coopera- will now read it to you: tion in a Europe burdened with bitterness. [At this point, President Bush read the Ger- Just as Germany has transcended and tri- man title of the translation of ‘‘Millie’s Book umphed over its past, so has the German- as Dictated to Barbara Bush’’ which he pre- American relationship shed the burdens that sented to President von Weizsa¨cker.] were history’s legacy. United Germany, champion of a more united Europe, now And may I suggest that we all raise our stands as our partner in leadership. To- glasses: To unity, to freedom, to the new gether, we have achieved our common goal Germany. And to the long life and good of a Germany united in peace and freedom. health of our honored friend, President von But our partnership did not end with that. Weizsa¨cker, and his wife, Mrs. von To the contrary, now that we are free of Weizsa¨cker. To your health, sir, and to the the dangers and divisions of Europe’s cold great friendship between Germany and the war confrontation, the German-American United States. partnership has really just begun. The world around us has changed almost Note: The President spoke at 8:30 p.m. in beyond recognition. And we cannot know the State Dining Room at the White House.

Statement on the Verdict in the Los Angeles Police Trial April 30, 1992

Yesterday’s verdict in the Los Angeles po- the aftermath of a terrible night of violence lice case has left us all with a deep sense in which several people have lost their lives. of personal frustration and anguish. Yet it is Yet out of this rage we must find tolerance important that we respect the law and the for each other and adherence to legal processes that have been brought to bear in this case. Today Los Angeles faces

668 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / Apr. 30 the rule of law that protects the lives and ney General of the United States to con- property of everyone. I call upon all citizens sider this matter. We will work with Gov- to be calm and to abide by the law as the ernor Wilson, Mayor Bradley, and others to legal process in this case continues. The ensure that all appropriate steps will be civil rights of all Americans demand this re- taken to maintain law and order and to en- spect. sure that the legal process proceeds with I am meeting this morning with the Attor- due deliberation.

Remarks on Civil Disturbances in Los Angeles, California April 30, 1992

A tragic series of events have occurred other senior members of my administration. in Los Angeles that include frustration over We are concerned about any question of a verdict, the wanton destruction of prop- excessive police violence, and we are equally erty, and the senseless death of several citi- concerned about excessive public violence. zens in the last few hours. I urge all Ameri- The murder and destruction in the streets cans to approach this situation with calm, of Los Angeles last night and today must with tolerance, and with the respect for the be stopped. Lootings, beatings, and random rights of all individuals under the Constitu- violence against innocent victims must be tion. condemned. Society cannot tolerate this The United States Department of Justice kind of behavior. will continue its criminal investigation of the There are some principles of law and of police violence case in Los Angeles to en- behavior that should be repeated in these sure that the civil rights laws of our Nation circumstances. First, we must maintain a re- are fully and equally applied. The Depart- spect for our legal system and a demand ment of Justice has been monitoring this for law and order. Second, we have a right case since its inception, and as is customary to expect a police force that protects our in these kinds of situations, the Justice De- citizens and behaves in a responsible man- partment moved last night to accelerate the ner. Third, in the American conscience investigation that it started several months there is no room for bigotry and racism. ago. And fourth, we have responsibilities as citi- I have just met with the Attorney General zens of this democracy. of the United States to consider the Federal I want everyone to know that the Federal Government’s legal course at this point and Government will continue to pursue its legal to review any other forms of assistance that responsibilities in this case. we should provide the State of California Thank you very much. and the city of Los Angeles. I also discussed these matters this morning with Governor Note: The President spoke at 12:05 p.m. in Wilson and Mayor Tom Bradley and with the Briefing Room at the White House.

Message to the Congress Transmitting the District of Columbia Budget and Supplemental Appropriations Request April 30, 1992

To the Congress of the United States: bia Self-Government and Governmental Re- In accordance with the District of Colum- organization Act, I am transmitting the Dis-

669 Apr. 30 / Administration of George Bush, 1992 trict of Columbia Government’s 1993 budg- quired by law, does not represent an en- et request and 1992 budget supplemental dorsement of the contents. request. As the Congress considers the District’s The District of Columbia Government 1993 budget, I urge continuation of the pol- has submitted two alternative 1993 budget icy enacted in the District’s appropriations requests. The first alternative is for $3,311 laws for fiscal years 1989–1992 of prohibit- million in 1993 and includes a Federal paying the use of both Federal and local funds ment of $656 million, the amount author- for abortions, except when the life of the ized and requested by the D.C. Mayor and mother would be endangered if the fetus City Council. The second alternative is for were carried to term. $3,286 million and includes a Federal pay- GEORGE BUSH ment of $631 million, which is the amount contained in the 1993 Federal budget. My The White House, transmittal of this District budget, as re- April 30, 1992.

Statement by Press Secretary Fitzwater on the President’s Meeting With President Richard von Weizsa¨cker of Germany April 30, 1992

The President met for approximately one tic Cooperation Council. He also reiterated hour with President Richard von our support for reforms and controlling nu- Weizsa¨cker of Germany, who is in the U.S. clear weapons in Russia and the other re- on a state visit. The discussion focused on publics. President Bush said it was impor- the nature of the new partnership between tant to reach an agreement on GATT soon the U.S. and united Germany. The Presi- and that he looked forward to addressing dent stressed our intention to maintain a these and other issues at the upcoming G– strong presence in Europe, along with the 7 meeting in Munich. importance of NATO and the North Atlan-

Nomination of Robert L. Barry To Be United States Ambassador to Indonesia April 30, 1992

The President today announced his inten- resentative to the Conference on Disar- tion to nominate Robert L. Barry, of New mament in Europe, 1985–87. Hampshire, a career member of the Senior Ambassador Barry graduated from Dart- Foreign Service, Class of Career Minister, mouth College (B.A., 1956) and Columbia to be Ambassador to the Republic of Indo- University (M.A., 1962). He was born Au- nesia. He would succeed John Cameron gust 28, 1934, in Pittsburgh, PA. Ambas- Monjo. sador Barry served in the U.S. Navy, 1957– Since 1989, Ambassador Barry has served 60. He is married, has two children, and as Special Adviser for East European Assist- resides in Washington, DC. ance to the Deputy Secretary of State. Prior to this, he served as Deputy Director of the Voice of America at the U.S. Informa- tion Agency, 1987–89; and as the U.S. Rep-

670 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / Apr. 30

Remarks to the Ohio Association of Broadcasters in Columbus, Ohio April 30, 1992

Thank you, Fred, very much; all of you, crime wherever it takes place. Regrettably, Gene and Dale and Tom, for the greeting what is happening in the city or did happen out here. Good afternoon. I’m pleased to last night was purely criminal. It was out- be back for my third appearance before— rageous, what happened. We are all something about the Ohio Broadcasters. sickened by what we saw. I have a few remarks to make on a sub- On the larger issues, I’ve thought a lot ject, but before that I want to comment about this. And say what you want, but it just on the events that are concerning our is important at a time like this to really talk country, building a little on comments I about some old-fashioned values like respect made earlier in a statement to the Nation for the others’ rights, respect for property about the news out of Los Angeles. rights; manifest that respect in our actions No one watching the television coverage as well as our words. We must make a com- of the violence yesterday afternoon and pact with each other that we will not toler- evening could have any reaction other than ate racism and bigotry and anti-Semitism revulsion and pain. Mob brutality, the total and hate of any kind, anywhere, any time; loss of respect for human life was sicken- not over the dinner table, not in the board ingly sad. The frustration all of us felt seeing room, not in the playground, nowhere. helpless victims pulled from vehicles and as- We must condemn violence. I make no saulted, it was hard not to turn our eyes apology for the rule of law or the require- away. But we must not turn our eyes away. ment to live by it. And yes, in some places We must keep on working to create a cli- in America there is, regrettably, a cycle of mate of understanding and tolerance and poverty and despair. But if the system per- condemn a climate of bigotry and fear. petuates this cycle, then we’ve got to change Last night was tragic for our country. It the system. We simply cannot condone vio- was tragic for the city of Los Angeles, for lence as a way of changing the system. the people of east L.A. But there were small So we ought to change. We ought to try acts in all of this ugliness that give us hope: hard, change the status quo. We’ve got to The citizens who ignored the mob, those do it peacefully, and we’ve got to do it who helped get the battered victims out of the area. There were people who spent the thoughtfully. I am very hopeful that calm night in the churches. Many were seeking can be restored to this very important part guidance in the wake of the unfolding chaos of our country and that good will will prevail in the streets, praying that man’s gentler over the hatred that we’ve seen in the instincts be revealed in the hearts of people streets in the last few hours. driven by hate. I am now switching off to what I came You say, ‘‘What can we do?’’ Well, before here to talk to you all about. Let me just leaving Washington I spoke to Governor first say a word about this city and about Wilson; I spoke to Mayor Tom Bradley; I the great man who gave his name to this spoke to Ben Hooks and some others on city. Columbus dared to explore far beyond this problem. I also gave this statement to the horizons of his continent, and he discov- the Nation regarding our plans at the Fed- ered a new world. You talk about the vision eral Government level regarding the court thing, well, he had it. case. We have instigated an investigation Speaking of vision, we wouldn’t be at- under civil rights protection. We will do tending the broadcasters convention had it what we can from the Federal Government not been for the daring of scientific prodi- to help those small business people that gies like DeForest and Marconi. We should have been just wiped out by wanton de- keep in mind just how new this thing called struction. I will keep telling the country that broadcasting is. The same year that my dad we must stand up against lawlessness and was born right here in Columbus, Ohio, just

671 Apr. 30 / Administration of George Bush, 1992 a few blocks away on East Broad Street, here today, for the lead that Ohio is taking Marconi invented radio. It either makes me in achieving the goals of America 2000, our very old or makes radio very young; I can’t literally revolutionary education program. figure out which that is. [Laughter] But I’m We’re working for fundamental reform of sure there are many here who can remem- Government, including a balanced budget ber when the first TV broadcast went on amendment. Now it has strong support on the air. I can remember the first TV set both sides of the aisle. Clearly, it has to I had, a great big square-looking box with be phased in. But there’s a change in the a little tiny yellow-colored window. It was country; people are saying we’ve got to do made by Hoffman. I don’t think it proved better. I support strongly term limits to to be too successful because I don’t think make Congress much more accountable. I they’re making TV sets anymore. But it think the time has come for that. I also wasn’t that long ago. believe, and have submitted suggestions to Telecommunications is still in its infancy. the Congress for this rather revolutionary I think that it’s taking big steps now. As idea, that Congress ought to live by the laws you look over the horizon at the future of that it passes, laws that affect others. It is this country in technology, the steps are no longer right to be separate. going to be enormous. There’s something The next category is, we are working to bright and new in human history. help the innovations and efficiencies of free In addition to all this new technology, I market make quality health care available think we can look at a whole other area to all. I do not want to see us go to what and talk about the worldwide spread of free- they call a nationalized system or what some dom and democracy. Around the globe, na- refer to as socialized medicine. We want tions are joining a movement in which the to retain the quality of our health care, but United States is the great pioneer. We are, we’ve got to give access to all, make insur- never forget it, the unsurpassed leader. And ance accessible to all. So we need to do for those who will have you believe that that. this country is in a state of decline, travel abroad and see the respect with which this Then the last point I want to make is, country is held. we are fighting the explosion of nuisance We’ve got to protect our freedoms. We’ve lawsuits. Let’s spend more time helping got to trust people with their freedoms. each other and less time suing each other. These form the core of our crusade to make And that means we need to put some limits this country stronger. A free economy will on these outrageous liability claims. be a strong economy, and it will create I might add that we are fighting hard to more good jobs. We’ll keep society healthy get the burdens of unreasonable Govern- if we keep our family first, put family first. ment regulation off the backs of the people. And by keeping our defenses strong, we’re Regulation really imposes a hidden tax on going to keep the peace. every man, woman, and child in this coun- I’m working hard to open world markets. try. In the State of the Union Address some Open trade will create more and better jobs 92 days ago, I lit a fire under our own ad- for this country. It offers our consumers ministration’s efforts for fundamental re- lower prices and more choices. Expanding form of Government regulation. This week trade is one of five programs for this coun- we completed that 90-day moratorium that try’s future that I view as really top prior- I ordered on new regulations. In just those ities. 90 days we have completed or set in motion We’re working as well to revolutionize— reforms that will save America $15 billion this is the second one—to revolutionize, lit- to $20 billion a year. And yesterday I or- erally to reinvent our schools. Parents are dered a 120-day extension on that morato- leading the way. In community after com- rium, and I’m expecting many more munity, they are standing up to the bureau- achievements for freedom and for common cratic establishment; they’re asserting their sense. rights in their children’s education. I salute Fundamental reform of regulation cannot Governor Voinovich, whose wife is with us be achieved overnight, and it’s going to

672 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / Apr. 30 take a lot of tough, imaginative, patient ef- on their own, and without the mandates fort. But I am totally committed to reform- from the know-it-alls in these subcommit- ing regulation because the cost of inaction tees back in Washington, DC, or in our own would be much more than we could bear. bureaucracy. We don’t do much for Ameri- Think of some of the burdens and the con- cans’ health when we put HMO’s like the tradictions that we already face. one in Dayton on the critical list. Here in Columbus the city government It’s stories like these that remind us what has projected that over the next decade its a visionary Alexis de Tocqueville was. A cost of compliance with Federal environ- century and a half ago, a century and a mental regulations alone will be $1.6 billion. half ago he warned that if Americans were And that’s $856 per household per year. not careful, Government would, and here’s Now, this is for a community whose entire the quote, ‘‘cover the surface of society with city budget last year was $591 million. The a network of small, complicated rules, share of the city’s budget to meet these reg- minute and uniform, through which the ulations stands to increase from 10 percent most original minds and the most energetic to 23 percent. Right now, Columbus is one characters cannot penetrate.’’ This is de of the most attractive places in the country Tocqueville, coming over and taking a look for people to work and live. But I can’t at our society back then. I don’t know what say things will stay that way if the cost of would happen to him if he took a look at meeting Government mandates keeps going it today. right out through the roof. We’ve heard the warning. We’re fighting In Juneau, Alaska, a local charity, the St. back. Our reform efforts are breathing new Vincent de Paul Society, wanted to build life into America’s ability to compete, to in- an addition to its shelter for the homeless, novate, and to create jobs. Every Federal also requiring more parking space. Unfortu- agency that I asked to participate has re- nately, the building project was delayed for sponded with action to ease the burden of a whole year because bureaucrats declared unnecessary regulation. From biotechnology the site a wetland. Now, get this: The shel- to energy, to the banking field, and yes, ter is in the middle of town surrounded by to broadcasting and telecommunications, we concrete, dry concrete, I think, on a city are taking the shackles off of American en- block that includes two car dealerships, a terprise. plumbing store, and a storage business. Let me take this occasion to salute the There is something wrong with this picture. FCC, Federal Communications Commis- Obviously somebody in this episode was all sion, for its actions to relax needless restric- wet, but it wasn’t the real estate for the tions on ownership of radio stations. The homeless shelter. I cite this as just the kind FCC also has taken action to allow competi- of example that we must fight against at tion among international satellite compa- the Federal level, that the local level must nies. Now, this will help reduce prices that fight against, too. Americans now pay on more than a billion Back here in Ohio, an unreasonable Fed- telephone calls every year to other coun- eral regulation almost forced the closing of tries. These are very welcome reforms. Al this health plan in Dayton that we call the Sikes, who is our Chairman, the FCC Chair- Dayton Area Health Plan. George Voinovich man, believes in free markets, and he be- called this to my attention, an innovative lieves in innovation. It’s clear to me that managed-care program designed to offer that is the right direction. high quality care to some 43,000 Medicaid Looking forward, one can’t help but see recipients in Dayton. Governor Voinovich that new telecommunications technologies and the Lieutenant Governor, Mike will revolutionize science, education, and DeWine, who I did not introduce but who the way we do business. They will be an is with us here today, led the effort to important boon to families. The day is com- change this inequity. Just this week I signed ing when mothers and fathers will be able legislation granting an exemption for this to spend more time at home with their chil- Ohio reform initiative. I have confidence in dren even as they make ever more produc- the new ideas that Ohioans are developing tive contributions to our economy. The

673 Apr. 30 / Administration of George Bush, 1992 predictions for doing work at home in a down with the leaders from the new Com- productive way are absolutely outstanding, monwealth of Independent States, and I’ll amazing. I think you’re going to see a whole be meeting very soon with Kravchuk and new area build up for productivity. shortly after that with Boris Yeltsin, we are In the same spirit as regulatory reform encouraging them to move to the very kinds is privatization, facilities now run by govern- of privatization that I’m talking about here. ment to be owned and operated by com- I think you’re going to find that they’re petitive enterprises, and thus serve the pub- doing it, and it’s going to be highly success- lic more fairly and more efficiently. Today ful. It offers them great hopes for recovery before I came out here to Columbus, I out of the economic morass that they’re in signed an Executive order that will give right now. State and local governments more freedom So this idea presents many chances for to sell or lease their infrastructure to the positive change, change abroad and change private sector if they choose to do so. We right here in our own country. And they’re hear complaints that America’s infrastruc- opportunities, frankly, that we simply cannot ture is crumbling and that States aren’t put- afford to overlook. And of one thing I am ting enough money into expanding or re- certain: The status quo, the old thinkers are pairing it. At the same time, many private not going to yield on this without a fight. companies want to invest in these projects. The special interest crowd will not like the So our Executive order will remove impedi- agenda that I’ve outlined for you today. ments to competitive enterprises buying in- They think that Government ought to own frastructure assets; that means bridges or more, not less. They think that Government roads or housing and sewage treatment ought to mandate more, not less. plants. This initiative could generate billions of When I meet with the Governors, and dollars in new investment and millions of I’ve done that quite a few times since I’ve new jobs. American business has the funds been President, all across party lines, all to invest in infrastructure and has the funds across ideological lines of conservative and to expand it. Through today’s actions we liberal comes the cry from the Governors, will help more people enjoy cheaper and ‘‘Do not burden us with mandates coming better waste water treatment service by let- out of some old-thinking subcommittee in ting businesses with real market incentives the Capitol Hill of Washington, DC.’’ We do the job. We’ll help low-income tenants are determined to try to facilitate what the buy their own housing. The dignity that Governors want by giving them flexibility comes with homeownership is a wonderful and saddling them with far fewer mandates. thing for our country. We’re promoting Washington hasn’t changed much since you competition that could dramatically reduce all have been there. It is swarming with the cost of urban mass transit. The money noisy lobbyists for the old interests who that States will receive for selling these fa- want this highly centralized Federal Gov- cilities will be used to build even more new ernment and people who have never met needed infrastructure or to lower the States’ a regulation that they didn’t really like. debts or to cut your taxes. This is springtime, and a young man’s Privatizing state enterprises is one of the thoughts turn, as does his radio dial, to great hopes for economic growth and re- baseball. So I thought I’d leave you with a birth from Mexico City to Moscow. Take favorite story. I don’t know whether all a look at what’s happened south of our bor- these Yogi Berra stories are true or not; you der under the courageous President of Mex- know, ‘‘Pair ’em up in threes,’’ and things ico, Carlos Salinas. Look at the many for- like that. [Laughter] In Yogi’s hometown of merly government-owned entities that he St. Louis, the local people organized a cele- has turned over to much more efficient op- bration in his honor at the old Sportsman’s eration in the private sector. There is an Park. Yogi quavered with emotion as he example from what Mexico is doing for us stepped up to speak. ‘‘First,’’ he said, ‘‘from right here in the United States. the bottom of my heart let me thank all the Same thing is true in Moscow. As I sit people who have made this day necessary.’’

674 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / Apr. 30

[Laughter] today, I believe we can usher in all kinds I think the point of the story is this: The of new eras of prosperity for the working freedom-loving people of this country, peo- man and woman in this country. ple of ingenuity and enterprise, people in Again, I’m confident of the years ahead. leading-edge industries like your own, are The big thing is to keep this Nation a cham- not merely making renewal of limited Gov- pion of ideas and of opportunity and, with ernment possible; they’re making it nec- that first subject in mind, of justice. We essary. They’re making it inevitable. Tech- can reform our schools and our courts and nological advance is accelerating so rapidly our health system, our very system of Gov- that the old guard can only hope in vain ernment. And we can assure that when we to keep up. We’ll make intrusive and glut- reach the new century America will still be tonous Government a thing of the past. the strongest, the bravest, and the freest We’ve reached a turning point. And we’re Nation on the face of the Earth. on the verge of watershed reforms to make It’s good to be back with you. And thank Government stop stifling people who want you all very, very much. to use their freedoms, their own freedoms, to create and to produce and to serve. Note: The President spoke at 3:12 p.m. at The day is coming when enterprisers and the Hyatt on Capitol Square. In his re- innovators like yourselves will lead us into marks, he referred to Anthony (Fred) these exciting new horizons. The day is Cusimano, association vice president and coming when dreams not yet imagined will general manager; Gene D’Angelo, president come true. I am confident about the years and general manager, WBNS–AM/FM/TV; ahead. I know we’ve had difficult times, but Dale Bring, association executive vice presi- I don’t believe for one single minute that dent; Thomas S. Stewart, vice president and the United States of America is in decline. general manager, WBNS–AM/FM; and Ben- The future is tremendously exciting. And jamin L. Hooks, executive director, National if we handle the technological change with Association for the Advancement of Colored the innovative manner I’ve outlined here People.

Remarks at a Bush-Quayle Fundraising Dinner in Columbus April 30, 1992

Thank you, George, and thank all of you. let me just say Barbara is looking forward It’s a great honor to be introduced by Gov- very much to being at your house in the ernor Voinovich, a man I’ve known for a next few days, and so I’m glad to see you long, long time and with whom I’ve worked here. for a long, long time. And thanks for that And may I salute Bob Bennett, our State introduction, and to Janet, my respects. Bar- chairman, doing a superb job in that great bara sends her love. And let me say what Ohio organizational way. With me tonight a great job the Pickerington High School is our national finance chairman for Bush- Tiger Band has done with us tonight. Thank Quayle, Bobby Holt, from west Texas, and you all very much once again; appreciate I want to thank him and our regional chair- it very, very much. And thank you, Rabbi man, Dick Freeland; our Bush-Quayle State Huber, for the invocation. Mr. Stokes, thank you for leading us in the pledge. And may chairman and dinner chairman, Tim I salute Columbus’ mayor, Greg Lashutka; Timken, another old friend from whom we and my old friend with whom I’ve worked heard tonight. He is always out on the firing in Washington, now doing a great job here, line doing a superb job for the President, and who I want to see back in Washington, but also for the party of Ohio. Nobody has the Lieutenant Governor, Mike DeWine. done more, and I’m very, very grateful to Mike, delighted to see you; Fran, to you him. And may I thank fundraiser extraor-

675 Apr. 30 / Administration of George Bush, 1992 dinaire Vinny Gupta, and I’d be remiss if symbol is not Chicken Little; it is the Amer- I also didn’t thank the Indian community. ican eagle. Our national spirit isn’t self- And also I don’t know who is looking after doubt; it is self-confidence, self-reliance. the hospitals in Ohio tonight, but I feel very What is the American dream? It’s a dream safe here tonight. [Laughter] that we struggled to make come true. And Jim Rhodes, the man who fought the Now, I know this, and we all know it, lonely battle in favor of the caribou up in and we all feel it in our hearts: There are Alaska, is here with us tonight. What a job places in America where people are caught he did serving this State. Jim, delighted to up in a tragic cycle of despair and poverty. see you. What I’m referring to about those But the answer to a system that perpetuates caribou, Jim was very far-sighted, recogniz- such a cycle is change, peaceful and ing that this country ought not to become thoughtful change. Tonight I call on every more and more dependent on foreign oil American to show restraint and to respect and pointing out that a pipeline would not people’s rights and property. bring environmental disaster to Alaska. And The violence that we saw last night he was absolutely right. He’s been proven wrenched our hearts. We saw it there in right. So you have a clairvoyant in your east L.A., and it must not be repeated. It midst as well as an ex-Governor. Jim, I’m was ugly, mob brutality, selfish attack, mob glad to see you. brutality, the ugliest kind. And TV cameras Now, I was here just a week ago for the didn’t capture it all by any means. Accord- opening of AmeriFlora, and I want to con- ing to Los Angeles fire officials, between gratulate Columbus. I see Mr. Wolfe sitting the hours of midnight and 3 a.m., they were here, and he had some help on this. I know called to respond to an average of three he’s been in the forefront of it all, John, new fires every minute. But worse, there but what a job Columbus has done on this were firemen, public servants, unheralded major international event. firemen risking their lives fighting arson, I was here to commemorate a voyage 500 years old; made me think of the Democrats. who were assaulted themselves, sometimes They aren’t impressed with such antiquity. with gunfire, even with axes. Most of their ideas are older than that. We must condemn violence. We must [Laughter] While the Democrats build their make no apology for the rule of law or the agenda, literally, if you look at it, on time- requirement to live by it. At the same time, worn policies, we have built the Republican we must not tolerate racism, bigotry, anti- agenda on timeless legacies, three Semitism, or hate of any kind, anywhere. underpinnings: good jobs, strong families, Not over the dinner table, not in the board and George dwelled on this one a little, room, not on the playground, nowhere in world peace. America. We must stand together on that. Yes, it is campaign season. I’ve seen these When we’re in troubled times, and these seasons come and go. I’ve watched sound are, we must work to make the dream of bites compete with sound policy, the battles such a society, just society, real for our chil- of the bumperstickers and the war of words. dren. I believe in my heart, I really believe But I believe democracy is more than that. that we can do just exactly that. During one political season in Great Britain, As President, I pledge to this Nation I here’s what Margaret Thatcher said: ‘‘We will do what I can to heal the wounds. I were told that our campaign wasn’t suffi- will see that the law’s enforced. When it ciently slick. We regard that as a com- comes under the responsibility of the Presi- pliment.’’ You see, I believe that elections dent, yes, I’ll do that. Society deserves that are about more than winning people’s votes; sense of order. But I will do my level-best they’re about winning the trust of the Amer- to heal the wounds and to bring people to- ican people. And that’s what I will try to gether in the aftermath of the ugliness that do again come November. we witnessed last night. A President should I’ve watched candidates try to convince do no less. people that the sky is falling just so they Now, think of what we’ve accomplished, can promise the moon. But our national building on what George said, around the

676 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / Apr. 30 world. It is indeed inspiring. Years ago when the heads of Europe’s Common Market, we thought about the Soviet Union and Mr. Cavaco Silva and Mr. Delors, to talk Eastern Europe, we dreamed of free people about the world trade negotiations. If these with freer markets and fewer bombs, and negotiations succeed, an agreement could then we all worked to make that come true. pump $5 trillion into the global economy I take great pride that it was American lead- over the next 10 years, with the U.S. share ership that has diminished for our children topping $1 trillion. the threat of nuclear war. No longer do they We’re also working on our southern trade go to bed at night worrying about whether front with negotiations on what we call we’re going to be caught up in a nuclear NAFTA, the North American free trade holocaust. That is big; that is important, significant change for the whole world. I am agreement, an agreement that would in- proud to have been a part of it. crease trade with Mexico by billions of dol- For our neighbors in South America, we lars and create good American jobs right envisioned peace and democracy. Now we here in the State of Ohio. This agreement are on the threshold of an entirely free and isn’t about good politics; it’s about good pol- democratic hemisphere. When the Iraqi icy and good American jobs. And I have nightmare threatened to engulf the Middle faith in open trade because I have faith in East, America protected the people of Israel the American worker. And when trade is and Turkey and Saudi Arabia and helped free and fair, the American worker can beat liberate that small country of Kuwait. In the the competition fair and square, outwork, process we turned what had been the mi- outhustle any worker anywhere in the rage of 44 years into an oasis of hope. We world. brought Arab neighbors, in something that Fair competition, though, doesn’t just is truly historic, face to face with Israel for mean playing by the same rules, it means the first time, for the first step towards competing with the same tools. I’m talking peace. about the cost of capital. Tough competition There were those that said that the defeat from Germany, no capital gains tax there; of communism, the liberation of the op- Japan, an entrepreneur who sells the compressed, the triumph of democracy, that all pany he’s built from scratch pays a tax of these things were nothing but a dream. They were right. It was an American dream. one percent. A low capital gains tax rate America helped create a world of freer encourages investment, and that means new people and freer markets. That has brought jobs. greater prosperity, but it’s also brought When I listen to our critics rail against greater competition. There’s good news: All capital gains and then turn around and com- around the world more and more people plain about foreign competition, it makes are buying American. Our exports shot up me think of someone who would price eggs 7 percent in February to a record high of at $100 a carton and then complains that almost $38 billion. That’s bad news for this no one wants to make omelets. A lower cap- Chicken Little mentality, but that’s good ital gains rate wouldn’t just benefit someone news for America. It sums up words that who runs a business, it would help people will help chart a new American destiny: If who own homes or farms or simply seek we are to succeed economically at home, better jobs. It’s time to quit playing politics we have to lead economically abroad. We with this issue and cut the capital gains tax. are not going to pull back into some And I will keep pushing the Congress to isolationistic or protectionist mood as long do just that. as I am President of the United States. While they’re at it, I’d like to see them You see, by expanding trade with other pass my first-time homebuyers credit—it countries, we expand opportunity within our would stimulate the housing market—and own. And sure, the competition’s tough; we know that. But the answer isn’t to build our investment tax allowance that would up trade barriers; it’s to get other countries stimulate investment in our productive ma- to tear down theirs. Last week I met with chinery in this country. We’re going to

677 Apr. 30 / Administration of George Bush, 1992 keep on trying to get that through Congress may be well-connected. But let me tell you in spite of this election year. this: They are wrong. They are not going If America is to remain truly competitive, to stand in the way of bringing the kind we’ve got to stop regulating our businesses of change that American people want. out of business. Washington really doesn’t First, our legal system: Volunteers—and understand the deadly process that can turn everyone has a horror story on this—volun- redtape into pink slips. And here in Colum- teers are afraid to volunteer, doctors are bus, the city government—the Mayor knows afraid to deliver babies, parents afraid to this—they have projected that over the next coach Little League, all because of the fear decade the cost of complying with Federal of lawsuits. And that’s wrong. People should environmental regulations alone would be spend more time helping each other and $1.6 billion. That’s for a community whose less time suing each other. That’s why we’ve entire city budget last year, Greg, was what, introduced proposals to reform our legal $591 million? system. And sure, the system’s complicated, It’s time to put a stop to costly, counter- and yes, people’s rights must be protected. productive regulations. In January I an- But the system needs reform, and we are nounced a 90-day moratorium in that State not going to let any powerful lobby stand of the Union Message—that was what, 92 in the way. This is going to the American days ago—moratorium on Federal regula- people to be decided in November if I can’t tion. We blocked regulations that hurt get action by the Congress this summer. growth and speeded up regulations that help growth, and our efforts have paid off. Second, in education, our America 2000 Just since January the reforms we’ve set in reforms are gaining steam, break-the-mold motion will save consumers $15 billion to schools, national standards and testing, com- $20 billion a year. That is a saving of $225 munity by community. And whether it’s to $300 a year for the average American among public schools or private schools or household, and that is just the beginning. religious, parents deserve the right to It is not being done to put worker safety choose their children’s schools. It’s a giant at risk or the environment at risk. Wednes- undertaking to change the Nation’s edu- day, I ordered a 120-day extension of the cation system, but we are going to do it moratorium on new regulation. And I put with or without a note of approval from the Congress on notice, telling them that I will NEA or the Congress. Fortunately, much veto any bill that attempts to put excessive of our America 2000 program can be de- new burdens of regulation on the backs of cided by the people in the communities. our families, our consumers, our workers, This is happening with Ohio 2000. and our businesses. There will be no return Third, health care: No one should have to business-as-usual in the field of regula- to go broke just to get better. That’s wrong, tion. and it’s got to change. While our health care I know there’s been a lot of talk about is still the finest quality in the world, too change in this election year. Most of it has many people can’t qualify for health insur- been just talk. But that’s not good enough ance or simply cannot afford it. Some say if we’re going to build a truly better Amer- the answer is what they call nationalized ica. I’ve called for reform. More impor- health care. Ask the Canadian waiting tantly, I’ve acted with far-reaching proposals months for critical surgery; ask him what for reform, and George generously referred he thinks of that idea. Our health care pro- to one of them: education, also in health posal is comprehensive. It opens access. It care, in our courts, and in our campaigns. lowers cost. But it does not and will not We’ve won our battles, but we’ve not yet lower the quality of American hospital care. won the war. Too often, in too many ways, National health care is a prescription for Congress and an army of special interests national disaster. We cannot let that hap- have stood in the way of change. They’re pen, but we will fight to pass the new pro- not interested in reform. They stand square- gram that I favor. ly behind the status quo. They may be pow- In these and so many areas that demand erful. They may be influential, too. They reform, our Government can play a positive

678 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / May 1 role. I figured this out the other day, as little money for the hard-working American we get into the campaign: One half of my taxpayer. adult life has been spent in the private sec- And the President’s term is limited, and tor, working for a living, and one half in I think it’s time to limit the terms for Mem- the government. I think I’m working for a bers of the United States Congress. It will living, but it’s different, believe me. One keep them closer to home. So I favor six half in the private sector, one half in gov- 2-year terms for the Congress and two 6- ernment, and I’ve seen this country change, year terms for the Senate. And I really be- sometimes for the better, and yes, some- lieve it would keep Government more ac- times for the worse. You need to know what tive, more vital, and closer to the people. needs to be changed. Change, as I said, Thomas Jefferson knew, and here was the for change’s sake, that’s meaningless. It quote, ‘‘The people are the only sure reli- takes more than happy talk, more than lip ance of our liberty.’’ The people are the service to reform and then full service to only sure reliance of our liberty. That’s why special interests. you’re here today. You’re not among the The Democratic Party, I am convinced, cynics because, you know, I think you still will always revert to form, attacking prob- feel you can make a difference. Think of lems by creating programs. They don’t un- a littered park; you clean it up one piece derstand that people want a return to some at a time. Then think of our Government; old-fashioned values like responsibility, ac- we can reform it, one vote at a time. And countability. When it comes to Government, it makes a difference. I’ve been trying for the American people know as Government 3 years to effect fundamental change in tries to do more and more, it ends up, re- these fields, whether it’s tort reform or edu- grettably, delivering less and less. And next cation reform or whatever. And I’m going year the Federal Government will spend to keep on trying. $1.5 trillion. There’s just no question about You might ask, ‘‘But why should we it: The Federal Government is too big, and care?’’ It’s the age of cynicism. Because this it spends too much. We must get control Government, just like a public park, isn’t of the deficit, and that is going to take some just something we inherited from our par- tough medicine for the American people ents. It’s something we borrow from our and for everybody. But it is essential for children. the children of this country. And I know this country, as you do. In conclusion let me say this: Major re- America’s got a heart of gold. We’ve got forms are in order. So the fourth reform a will of steel. It’s honest, and it’s generous, of this reform agenda is about Government. and it’s good. With your help, it’s about to First, it’s time—I really believe this one, become even better. and I served in the United States Con- Thank you all very much. And on this gress—for the Congress to govern itself by troubled night, may God bless the United the same laws that it imposes on others. States of America. Thank you very, very They must abide by the same laws that you much. and I do. And yes, it is time for sweeping campaign reform. But real reform is not Note: The President spoke at 8:10 p.m. in saddling the taxpayer with the cost of con- the Lausche Building at the Ohio State gressional campaigns. It’s time for real Fairgrounds. In his remarks, he referred to spending reform, time for the President to Rabbi Gary Huber of Bath Tikvah Temple have what 43 Governors have. Give me that and Dewey Stokes, president of the National line-item veto, and see if we can’t save a Fraternal Order of Police.

679 May 1 / Administration of George Bush, 1992

Remarks at the Great American Workout May 1, 1992

Welcome, all, to the White House. And When we see these workout stations, let me tell you how much I appreciate this which I was privileged to participate in last wonderful display of fitness, something so year, you can understand it more clearly. important to our country. May I start off Even a special workout to honor true heroes by saluting Secretary Sullivan, who I don’t has been set up, and those are representa- see, who’s going to be with us in a minute; tives of the Special Olympics. We welcome Chairman Schwarzenegger, of course. them back to the White House again. They Where’s Lou? Over here, suited up. set a great example for kids around this [Laughter] And thank Barbara Mandrell country. and members of the President’s Council on Part of his message is that we need bal- Physical Fitness and the National Fitness anced and nutritional diet. And we’ve got Leaders Association; and of course, Milton to avoid tobacco and drug use, avoid exces- Berle and Bob Saget; Mary Lou Retton, an sive alcohol use. And fitness really can en- old friend; Peter Vidmar; Chris Evert; Lauri rich the human mind and body by lowering Single, National Fitness Director of the stress and blood pressure and cholesterol. Year; and on and on it goes. We also have to act on another front by Welcome to the White House and to an putting new emphasis on quality physical event which kicks off National Fitness education in our schools. Arnold has point- Month. That’s the third Great American ed out to me that only one State, Illinois, Workout. It’s a special pleasure to be intro- gives daily physical education for K through duced by a friend, a man who embodies 12. And that’s the only State giving it, thus, this event, the Chairman of the President’s the priority that it really deserves. Now, Council on Physical Fitness, Arnold we’ve got to change that. So let’s make it Schwarzenegger, who literally has done a superb job, going to every single State in 50, just as our Chairman has done by going the Nation on his own to take this message to 50 States. of fitness to everybody. We’re very grateful A man with us, a special man, knows all to him. about fitness. He knows that an American As I told Arnold earlier, I am sorry to that is physically and mentally fit is fit to have to cut short my participation in this take on the world. And at 83—sorry about great event. I hope you can understand; I that, Milton—[laughter]—Milton Berle still am going to be getting, at 7:15 a.m., an rides his stationary bike, he does a lot of update on the situation that troubles the walking, he punches a heavy bag, and he whole country, the situation in Los Angeles, maintains a healthy diet. So no wonder he’s meeting with the Attorney General and the just been named a special adviser to Arnold. head of the FBI. Then we’ll be meeting I welcome his leadership, showing that no- with some of our outstanding civil rights body, put it this way, is too old to stay fit. leaders to discuss our common commitment So to Milton and to Arnold and all of you, to justice, civil tranquility, and the rule of my thanks for what you’ve done. Thanks for law. showing the Nation what fitness means. And But before I go, let me just say a few I hope you enjoy the Great American Work- words about this important issue of fitness. out. I arranged for the weather here. Arnold, as I mentioned, or didn’t, maybe, [Laughter] And I know you’ll enjoy the pro- but yesterday he visited the 50th State out gram which follows on the main stage, star- there in Ohio as Chairman. And he’s ring the famous and wonderfully generous spreading the word that each of us has a Harlem Globetrotters. We welcome them. stake, a serious stake in making exercise a We have a basketball court down there. And part of America’s fitness and fitness a part I got a lot of laughs when I threw the bas- of each American day. ketball with Duke the other day. But the

680 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / May 1 difference is these guys are funny on pur- to join in, so she will demonstrate the Bush pose. [Laughter] family commitment to work out, every sta- So thank you all. And Arnold, once more, tion, 20 minutes at each one. my heartfelt thanks for what you’re doing in leading this country to new levels of fit- Note: The President spoke at 7:04 a.m. on ness. Now I must leave, but Barbara’s going the South Lawn at the White House.

Remarks at the Points of Light Awards Ceremony May 1, 1992

Please be seated. Well, thank you, and going to get her started on broccoli. welcome to the East Room. Barbara and I am here today to talk about something I are very proud to be here with such an that’s really very personally important to me impressive group. And may I single out our and Barbara. You all know I love music, truly special guest, Michael Jackson. I Anita’s always been a favorite. And I espe- haven’t seen so much excitement around cially love country music because it gets to here since Gorbachev came for the first the heart of the basic decency and compas- time. Today we also want to extend a par- sion and heartbreak of people who are ticularly warm welcome to members of our proud to call themselves Americans. Well, Cabinet, Dr. Lou Sullivan, Secretary Mar- Randy Travis has a line in one of his songs, tin, and to the judges of this year’s award: called ‘‘Points of Light’’ incidentally, that’s our ACTION Director, Jane Kenny; Rabbi like a spotlight on an answer for us. And Naiman of the Council of Jewish Organiza- he sings, ‘‘There are dreamers who are mak- tions; our distinguished Surgeon General, ing dreams come true, giving hope to those Dr. Antonia Novello; James Renier, chair- without. Isn’t that what this land’s all man and CEO of Honeywell; and thanks about.’’ I’m sure most of you have heard to Anita Baker and Frances Hesselbein who that song. But those are profound words. couldn’t, regrettably, be with us today. And you see, for all the good that Govern- My special thanks to the Points of Light ment can do, and it can do some good, to Foundation and to ACTION for their help solve our country’s social problems, we need with these awards. And welcome, also, to people. We need every individual to re- the board members of the Commission on spond to the problems right around them. National and Community Service. And the And when each American is no longer will- warmest welcome to you all who make up ing to accept that someone on their street the very heartbeat of our country, our vol- or someone in their town is homeless or unteers. And a special welcome to our guest jobless or friendless, then that’s when we presenter today, a friend, our unparalleled will truly renew America, when everybody Olympic golden girl, Florence Griffith understands that they’re going to help their Joyner. Thank you for being with us. neighbor. Flo-Jo is here, and she’s in reasonably We already have shining heroes in this good shape, but where’s your husband quest, and I call them Points of Light, as who’s trying out for—Al, right here, sitting you know; I think everyone does now. And down here. Got to give the man equal time. that’s the name of Randy’s song. And there But we’re delighted he’s here. Flo-Jo wants are Americans in towns and cities just like everyone to work out, and she’s targeted yours across the land discovering that serv- lazy Americans. [Laughter] I don’t know ice to others is a rich source of meaning why you’re laughing, all of you, but anyway in life. And I honor these men and women I guess with all this PC talk we should call and children for showing the better angel them exertionally challenged. And she is of their nature by volunteering to help oth- going to wipe out couch potatoes, and I’m ers. They sum up the great and gener-

681 May 1 / Administration of George Bush, 1992 ous land that we have. They see the genius First, I believe every community must of this land and ordinary people doing ex- have excellent schools and a culture that traordinary things. fosters lifelong learning. Well, Kentucky’s Day in and day out, these Americans Berea College students saw a critical need wage our war for human life and dignity. right around them in the Appalachia, and And they don’t say, ‘‘This is why I can’t so they volunteered as mentors and tutors help.’’ They say, ‘‘This is why I can.’’ And to tutor grade school kids all the way up they say, ‘‘Maybe I don’t have money, but through adults struggling to overcome illit- I have time,’’ and ‘‘Maybe I can’t help eracy. It started with the young, worked someone build a house, but I’m a good lis- right on through those illiterate adults who tener; I care.’’ And we celebrate that spirit. needed help. Whoever you are, you have something to Second, every community must be a de- share. For Americans are the greatest natu- cent, drug-free, and safe place to live. Well, ral resource of this, the greatest Nation on 1,800 members of the Emmanuel Reformed Earth. And I am proud to be here for this Church saw the need around them, joined very special, very important event. with their city of Paramount, California, and We come together today at the culmina- started tackling the crises that threatened tion of National Volunteer Week, honoring their neighborhood, like gangs and illiteracy the millions of Americans who transform and crime. communities across the country through vol- A third one: Every American community untary service. In particular, for the 11th must offer quality health care for all. Well, year, we recognize with these awards the 24 labor unions out in Omaha saw the need inspirational example of people who meet of families whose children were hospitalized a simple three-part test. One, they looked for transplant operations. So, these unions around. Two, they saw a need. And three, joined together to buy a building, and then they filled it. more than 500 skilled union volunteers ren- What a cross section of wonderful Ameri- cans are represented here today among ovated it to house these families. these 21 winners of the 1992 President’s The fourth example: Every American annual Points of Light award. There are in- community must offer its members the dividuals like my seatmate—all but one— hope of good jobs with a future. Well, at the luncheon, 17-year-old Robert Zamora Urban Miyares can tell you firsthand about who created the Getting Busy Teen Club this need. A Vietnam vet who became blind, as an alternative to gangs in east Los Ange- he found there were no business counseling les. And there are businesses like IBM services available to people like him, and which gives its employees encouragement he received training and now volunteers to and time off to volunteer, and 90,000 of provide job counseling to people with dis- them do. abilities. And our winners represent neighbor- And the fifth one: Every American com- hoods, places of worship, every kind of munity must be a place with a commitment group across this broad and good land. They to children, youth developing good char- and all the others like them are shaping acter and values, and strong families. A a Nation whose goodness grows out of the Pennsylvania group called Magic Mix saw small acts of consequence made by many the needs of two generations and brought people. latchkey kids and at-risk students together America’s pioneer days are not behind us. with residents of local nursing homes who And we still have frontiers left to cross, the tutor, teach, and befriend them. thrill of adventure yet to discover, an Amer- With role models like these, I am con- ican renaissance yet to speak. I believe fident that together we can shape our fu- there are five core elements of the new ture, not through our fears but through our America which are reflected in the award dreams. And yes, we’re going to continue categories. And let me just share with you to work for legislation to make this a safer how some of our award winners are drawing America, fairer America, a better educated us closer to each goal. America, a more efficient America. But the

682 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / May 1 most important legacy of all is one that each Bar joins me in saying congratulations to person in this great country can help create, you and the millions more like you across the legacy of a more caring America. America for what you do. You are an exam- Now, look closely at our world. People ple for the rest of this country. And may say the problem is crack or crimes or babies God continue to bless this wonderful Nation having babies. Those are only symptoms. in these troubled times. The problem is a moral emptiness. And if, And now, Barbara and I will present the as President, I had the power to give just awards, and I will ask Flo-Jo to come up one thing to this Nation, it would be the here to do the honors and read the cita- return of an inner moral compass, nurtured tions. Florence, all yours. by the family and valued by society. This [At this point the awards were presented.] compass would guide us to value every life. It would show us that each life lost to de- Let me just say I want to now turn to spair really devalues us all. And it would the last item on the program, and I want remind us that caring and conscience are to give special thanks to Michael Jackson what make us human. for being here to help honor all of you So, let’s make this National Volunteer today. Michael’s work with disadvantaged Week an extraordinary moment in our Na- young people and those with disabilities re- tion, our communal commitment to a true flect his profound commitment to children. American renewal. And I urge each of you And I am delighted to recognize him as to step forward, to take this country’s future a Points of Light ambassador. in your own hands and become a Point of Michael, we wish you well, sir, as you Light. And I ask leaders of businesses, bring light into children’s lives, something places of worship, schools, neighborhoods, you feel so strongly about as part of the other organizations to lead their members Points of Light movement. And now, I want toward the bright goal of service. to put you on the spot. If you’d like to Wherever people from all walks of life say a few words, the floor is yours, and we work together and claim their community’s welcome you. problem is their own, they create communities of light to guide this Nation’s path. As you cross this land, I’d ask you to re- Note: The President spoke at 1:25 p.m. in member some special words. Recently, Bar- the East Room at the White House. In his bara and I had the magnificent honor of remarks, he referred to entertainers Michael meeting Mother Teresa again. Her very life Jackson and Anita Baker; Frances speaks only of service to others. And I was Hesselbein, president and chief executive of- touched by her words. She said, ‘‘It is not ficer, Peter F. Drucker Foundation for Non- how much we do, but how much love we profit Management; and U.S. Olympic gold put into it.’’ May Americans continue to put medalists Florence Griffith Joyner and Al love into all our works. Joyner.

Nomination of Adrian A. Basora To Be United States Ambassador to Czechoslovakia May 1, 1992

The President today announced his inten- Shirley Temple Black. tion to nominate Adrian A. Basora, of New Currently Mr. Basora serves as a senior Hampshire, a career member of the Senior research associate at the Center for the Foreign Service, class of Minister-Coun- Study of Foreign Affairs of the Foreign selor, to be Ambassador to the Czech and Service Institute in Arlington, VA. Prior to Slovak Federal Republic. He would succeed this, he served as Director of European and

683 May 1 / Administration of George Bush, 1992

Soviet Affairs for the National Security Mr. Basora graduated from Fordham Council in Washington, DC, 1989–91; and University (A.B., 1960) and Princeton Uni- as Deputy Chief of Mission at the U.S. Em- versity (M.P.A., 1962). He was born July bassy in Madrid, Spain, 1986–89. From 18, 1938, in New York, NY. Mr. Basora is 1983 to 1986, he served as a Political Coun- married, has one child, and resides in Wash- selor at the U.S. Embassy in Paris, France. ington, DC.

Statement by Press Secretary Fitzwater on Relaxation of Restrictions on Exports to Hungary May 1, 1992

We welcome the decision by the Coordi- and its adoption of safeguards on the use nating Committee of Multilateral Export or transfer of controlled technologies. The Controls (COCOM) to remove Hungary U.S. cooperated closely with Hungary in the from the list of proscribed destinations, ef- design and implementation of its export fective today. COCOM’s action is part of control safeguard system. As a consequence the ongoing efforts to liberalize COCOM of COCOM’s decision, Hungary will have controls in light of our dramatically changed access to more sophisticated levels of West- world. ern technology that are important to its eco- Hungary is the first country ever to be nomic modernization. U.S. exporters will removed from the COCOM list. This is a benefit from the relaxation of these licens- tribute to Hungary’s democratic transition ing restrictions on exports to Hungary.

Appointment of Clayton S. Fong To Be Deputy Assistant to the President for Public Liaison May 1, 1992

The President announced the appoint- secretary. Mr. Fong also served as the ment of Clayton S. Fong as Deputy Assist- northern California field director of the ant to the President for Public Liaison. He California Republican Party, January to De- will succeed Sichan Siv. cember 1984; director of the Bay Area child Since June 1991, Mr. Fong has served health network, 1983–84; and research fel- as Deputy Director of the Office of Con- low and legislative liaison at the Institute sumer Affairs at the Department of Health of Health Policy Studies, 1982–83. and Human Services. Prior to this, Mr. Mr. Fong graduated from the University Fong served as a Deputy Associate Director of California, Berkeley, in 1982. He was of Presidential Personnel at the White born May 18, 1959, in San Francisco, CA. House, 1989–91. In 1984, he served as Cali- Mr. Fong is married to Nancy Lem Fong fornia Governor George Deukmejian’s liai- and lives in Silver Spring, MD. son to the Asian communities statewide, and subsequently served as deputy appointments

684 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / May 1

Address to the Nation on the Civil Disturbances in Los Angeles, California May 1, 1992

Tonight I want to talk to you about vio- What we saw last night and the night be- lence in our cities and justice for our citi- fore in Los Angeles is not about civil rights. zens, two big issues that have collided on It’s not about the great cause of equality the streets of Los Angeles. First, an update that all Americans must uphold. It’s not a on where matters stand in Los Angeles. message of protest. It’s been the brutality Fifteen minutes ago I talked to Califor- of a mob, pure and simple. And let me as- nia’s Governor Pete Wilson and Los Angeles sure you: I will use whatever force is nec- Mayor Tom Bradley. They told me that last essary to restore order. What is going on night was better than the night before; in L.A. must and will stop. As your Presi- today, calmer than yesterday. But there dent I guarantee you this violence will end. were still incidents of random terror and Now let’s talk about the beating of Rod- lawlessness this afternoon. ney King, because beyond the urgent need In the wake of the first night’s violence, to restore order is the second issue, the I spoke directly to both Governor Wilson question of justice: Whether Rodney King’s and Mayor Bradley to assess the situation Federal civil rights were violated. What you and to offer assistance. There are two very saw and what I saw on the TV video was different issues at hand. One is the urgent revolting. I felt anger. I felt pain. I thought: need to restore order. What followed How can I explain this to my grandchildren? Wednesday’s jury verdict in the Rodney Civil rights leaders and just plain citizens King case was a tragic series of events for fearful of and sometimes victimized by po- the city of Los Angeles: Nearly 4,000 fires, lice brutality were deeply hurt. And I know staggering property damage, hundreds of injuries, and the senseless deaths of over 30 good and decent policemen who were people. equally appalled. To restore order right now, there are I spoke this morning to many leaders of 3,000 National Guardsmen on duty in the the civil rights community. And they saw city of Los Angeles. Another 2,200 stand the video, as we all did. For 14 months ready to provide immediate support. To they waited patiently, hopefully. They wait- supplement this effort I’ve taken several ad- ed for the system to work. And when the ditional actions. First, this morning I’ve or- verdict came in, they felt betrayed. Viewed dered the Justice Department to dispatch from outside the trial, it was hard to under- 1,000 Federal riot-trained law enforcement stand how the verdict could possibly square officials to help restore order in Los Angeles with the video. Those civil rights leaders beginning tonight. These officials include with whom I met were stunned. And so FBI SWAT teams, special riot control units was I, and so was Barbara, and so were of the U.S. Marshals Service, the Border my kids. Patrol, and other Federal law enforcement But the verdict Wednesday was not the agencies. Second, another 1,000 Federal law end of the process. The Department of Jus- enforcement officials are on standby alert, tice had started its own investigation imme- should they be needed. Third, early today diately after the Rodney King incident and I directed 3,000 members of the 7th Infan- was monitoring the State investigation and try and 1,500 marines to stand by at El trial. And so let me tell you what actions Toro Air Station, California. Tonight, at the we are taking on the Federal level to ensure request of the Governor and the Mayor, I that justice is served. have committed these troops to help restore Within one hour of the verdict, I directed order. I’m also federalizing the National the Justice Department to move into high Guard, and I’m instructing General Colin gear on its own independent criminal inves- Powell to place all those troops under a cen- tigation into the case. And next, on Thurs- tral command. day, five Federal prosecutors were on their

685 May 1 / Administration of George Bush, 1992 way to Los Angeles. Our Justice Depart- that distorted our better selves and turned ment has consistently demonstrated its abil- us ugly. We cannot let that happen. We ity to investigate fully a matter like this. cannot do that to ourselves. Since 1988, the Justice Department has We’ve seen images in the last 48 hours successfully prosecuted over 100 law en- that we will never forget. Some were horri- forcement officials for excessive violence. I fying almost beyond belief. But there were am confident that in this case, the Depart- other acts, small but significant acts in all ment of Justice will act as it should. Federal this ugliness that give us hope. I’m one who grand jury action is underway today in Los respects our police. They keep the peace. Angeles. Subpoenas are being issued. Evi- They face danger every day. They help kids. dence is being reviewed. The Federal effort in this case will be expeditious, and it will They don’t make a lot of money, but they be fair. It will not be driven by mob vio- care about their communities and their lence but by respect for due process and country. Thousands of police officers and the rule of law. firefighters are risking their lives right now We owe it to all Americans who put their on the streets of L.A., and they deserve our faith in the law to see that justice is served. support. Then there are the people who But as we move forward on this or any have spent each night not in the streets but other case, we must remember the fun- in the churches of Los Angeles, praying that damental tenet of our legal system. Every man’s gentler instincts be revealed in the American, whether accused or accuser, is hearts of people driven by hate. And finally, entitled to protection of his or her rights. there were the citizens who showed great In this highly controversial court case, a personal responsibility, who ignored the verdict was handed down by a California mob, who at great personal danger helped jury. To Americans of all races who were the victims of violence, regardless of race. shocked by the verdict, let me say this: You Among the many stories I’ve seen and must understand that our system of justice heard about these past few days, one sticks provides for the peaceful, orderly means of in my mind, the story of one savagely beat- addressing this frustration. We must respect en white truck driver, alive tonight because the process of law whether or not we agree four strangers, four black strangers, came with the outcome. There’s a difference between frustration with the law and direct to his aid. Two were men who had been assaults upon our legal system. watching television and saw the beating as In a civilized society, there can be no exit was happening, and came out into the cuse, no excuse for the murder, arson, theft, street to help; another was a woman on her and vandalism that have terrorized the law- way home from work; and the fourth, a abiding citizens of Los Angeles. Mayor young man whose name we may never Bradley, just a few minutes ago, mentioned know. The injured driver was able to get to me his particular concern, among others, behind the wheel of his truck and tried to regarding the safety of the Korean commu- drive away. But his eyes were swollen shut. nity. My heart goes out to them and all The woman asked him if he could see. He others who have suffered losses. answered, ‘‘No.’’ She said, ‘‘Well, then I will The wanton destruction of life and prop- be your eyes.’’ Together, those four people erty is not a legitimate expression of outrage braved the mob and drove that truck driver with injustice. It is itself injustice. And no to the hospital. He’s alive today only be- rationalization, no matter how heartfelt, no cause they stepped in to help. matter how eloquent, can make it otherwise. It is for every one of them that we must Television has become a medium that rebuild the community of Los Angeles, for often brings us together. But its vivid dis- these four people and the others like them play of Rodney King’s beating shocked us. who in the midst of this nightmare acted The America it has shown us on our screens with simple human decency. these last 48 hours has appalled us. None of this is what we wish to think of as Amer- We must understand that no one in Los ican. It’s as if we were looking in a mirror

686 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / May 4

Angeles or any other city has rendered a oath to preserve, protect, and defend the verdict on America. If we are to remain Constitution, an oath that requires every the most vibrant and hopeful Nation on President to establish justice and ensure do- Earth we must allow our diversity to bring mestic tranquility. That duty is foremost in us together, not drive us apart. This must my mind tonight. be the rallying cry of good and decent peo- Let me say to the people saddened by ple. the spectacle of the past few days, to the For their sake, for all our sakes, we must good people of Los Angeles, caught at the build a future where, in every city across center of this senseless suffering: The vio- this country, empty rage gives way to hope, lence will end. Justice will be served. Hope where poverty and despair give way to op- will return. portunity. After peace is restored to Los An- Thank you, and may God bless the United geles, we must then turn again to the un- States of America. derlying causes of such tragic events. We must keep on working to create a climate of understanding and tolerance, a climate Note: The President spoke at 9:03 p.m. from that refuses to accept racism, bigotry, anti- the Oval Office at the White House. The Semitism, and hate of any kind, anytime, address was broadcast live on nationwide anywhere. radio and television. The proclamation and Tonight, I ask all Americans to lend their Executive order on law and order in Los hearts, their voices, and their prayers to the Angeles are listed in Appendix E at the end healing of hatred. As President, I took an of this volume.

Exchange With Reporters Prior to a Meeting With Cabinet Members May 4, 1992

Federal Aid to Cities it fits in very nicely. And we had a briefing Q. Mr. President, what hopes do you have this morning from the Attorney General, for any long-range help for urban areas like who’s here, Deputy Secretary of Defense, Los Angeles? and Dave Jeremiah about the Federal pres- The President. We have some very good ence on the ground and the state of play proposals out on the table right now, pro- on the ground. And now we’re going to be posals that clearly have come of age. But talking with our top people here as to how we’re going to be talking about that today our various Cabinet Departments can assist. and tomorrow. Today we’re probably going And then we’ll have people going out there, to think more about what we can do imme- and by Thursday a schedule will be worked diately in the aftermath of this violence. out where I will be able to meet with the And then tomorrow, we’ll put it in a little key participants in this recovery and those longer term perspective. who also have responsibility for the long But I’m very pleased that it’s calmed run. down out there. And we will do everything Q. Are you saying, Mr. President, you we can to support the people out there, have no idea what the core of this problem to make things tranquil, and then to help is? get to the core of the problems. The President. No, I’m not—didn’t say Q. Do you intend to visit any of the dam- that at all, Helen [Helen Thomas, United age sites? Press International]. I don’t know how you The President. We’re talking now about could conclude that from what I just said. the schedule. It will probably change from We have some very good ideas that we have what had been planned. As you know, I out there that would have been extraor- planned a trip out there for some time, so dinarily helpful if they’d been put into

687 May 4 / Administration of George Bush, 1992 effect. We think homeownership is a very I feel obligated to do that. And it’s not like good concept, and we’ve been fighting for we have no idea whatsoever. If people had it for a long time. So it’s not that we have listened to some of our Cabinet Depart- no idea whatsoever. I don’t imagine how ments up on the Hill, we might be a little you could have concluded that from what further along. I just said. Q. How soon would you hope to see U.S. Q. You said you were going to look into troops out of Los Angeles? the core of it. The President. I want to go to work here. The President. Well, we don’t think we Thank you very much. know all the answers. And I think you learn from every incident. As history shows, that Note: The exchange began at 9:15 a.m. in after each one of these uprising, these the Cabinet Room at the White House. In things that have happened, people have his remarks, the President referred to D.E. taken a look to see what they could do to Jeremiah, Vice Chairman of the Joint Chiefs help. And certainly we’re willing to do that. of Staff.

Remarks at the Unveiling Ceremony for the Portrait of House Republican Leader Robert Michel May 4, 1992

Thank you all very much. This is a won- and best about the traditions of the House derful occasion, and we need more like it. of Representatives. And I speak of honesty And may I salute the Chaplain of the and fairplay and character and integrity, all House, Jim Ford, thank him for the invoca- the qualities that Dan and Bob Dole and tion. I thought he was giving a speech out Tom Foley mentioned. A willingness to gov- there, but it was a fine invocation; delighted ern, to work things out, to fight his oppo- to see him. nents tooth and nail during the day and yet Of course, being with Bob Dole and Tom remain a good friend, someone they can talk Foley and Dan Rostenkowski in this friend- to during the evenings. ly, wonderful setting is very, very special. And Bob Michel has stood up for fiscal And we’re here to honor our beloved Re- sanity. I think he’s done a lot to help our publican leader. I am glad to be here. economy. He’s helped keep our military Whenever you hear about somebody being strong. And it’s true that he can be a fierce done in oil in this town, you can’t be sure partisan. After all, that goes with the Amer- that that means painting or boiling. [Laugh- ican psyche; that’s the way we are. And Bob ter] But today it means honoring. has been a true American. He won two And I will confess it took me a while to Bronze Stars for his service in World War convince Bob that it’s an honor to be II; then in serving his district, our party, framed in Washington and hung in the Cap- and most of all, the future well-being of itol. [Laughter] But before the portrait is our country. hung, Bob wanted to make sure it would I haven’t seen this portrait over here, do what the Speaker talked about, play in Corinne, but I’m sure it’s going to depict what Peoria. Well, it will, in Peoria and the Na- we admire in your husband: a man of con- tion. And the reason is very simple, and science, a man whose word is good, a man I think you all have heard it here today who means what he says, says what he means, from his friends, all of whom I have great a man that one fellow Illinoisan would have respect for. To know you, Bob Michel, is loved very much. Remember Lincoln’s to respect you. words, ‘‘The noblest work of God is an honest And for 36 years Bob Michel has, indeed, man.’’ And you’ve been all of that, Bob, embodied what is best in American politics and more. And ask anyone who is

688 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / May 4 your colleague, which means anyone who is this wonderful program of warmth here your friend. today. And now it is my pleasure to introduce Corinne, Bob’s lovely wife, for the unveiling of this official portrait. And I can tell you Note: The President spoke at 5 p.m. in Stat- I’m sure glad to be a part of this program, uary Hall at the Capitol.

Nomination of Arthur J. Rothkopf To Be Deputy Secretary of Transportation May 4, 1992

The President today announced his inten- sociate, 1967–69. In addition, Mr. Rothkopf tion to nominate Arthur J. Rothkopf, of the has served as Associate Tax Legislative District of Columbia, to be Deputy Sec- Counsel with the U.S. Department of the retary of Transportation. He would succeed Treasury, 1963–66. James Buchanan Busey IV. Mr. Rothkopf graduated from Lafayette Currently Mr. Rothkopf serves as General College (B.A., 1955) and Harvard Law Counsel at the U.S. Department of Trans- School (LL.B., 1958). He was born May 24, portation. Prior to this, he served as a part- 1935, in New York, NY. Mr. Rothkopf is ner with the law firm of Hogan & Hartson married, has two children, and resides in in Washington, DC, 1969–91, and as an as- Washington, DC.

Nomination of Michael James Toohey To Be an Assistant Secretary of Transportation May 4, 1992

The President today announced his inten- the U.S. House of Representatives, 1981– tion to nominate Michael James Toohey, of 83; and as a senior Republican professional Virginia, to be an Assistant Secretary of staff member at the Committee on Public Transportation for Governmental Affairs. Works and Transportation for the U.S. He would succeed Galen Joseph Reser. House of Representatives, 1978–81. Since 1989, Mr. Toohey has served as Mr. Toohey graduated from the Univer- senior Washington representative for Ash- sity of California at Berkeley, School of For- land Oil, Inc. Prior to this, he served as estry and Conservation (B.S., 1971). He was staff director for the Republican staff of the born February 1, 1949, in Helena, MT. Mr. Committee on Public Works and Transpor- Toohey served in the U.S. Army Corps of tation at the U.S. House of Representatives Engineers, 1971–75. He is married, has in Washington, DC, 1983–89; as staff direc- three children, and resides in Great Falls, tor for the Republican staff of the Commit- VA. tee on Merchant Marine and Fisheries at

689 May 4 / Administration of George Bush, 1992

Appointment of John C. Harper as Chairman of the Advisory Council on Historic Preservation May 4, 1992

The President has announced his intention. He has also been active in the ongoing tion to appoint the Reverend John C. Harp- restoration of St. John’s Church and its par- er to be Chairman of the Advisory Council ish house, Ashburton House, both of which on Historic Preservation. He would succeed are listed on the National Historic Register. John F. W. Rogers. Born in Winthrop, MA, Dr. Harper grad- Since 1963, Dr. Harper has served as rec- uated from Harvard University (A.B., 1946), tor of St. John’s Episcopal Church, Lafay- Episcopal Theological School (B.D., 1953), ette Square, Washington, DC. He currently George Washington University (D.D., serves on the Decatur House Council, pre- 1966), and Nashotah House (D.C.L., 1983). viously served on the Woodrow Wilson He is married, has three children, and lives House Council, and is an ex officio member in Washington, DC. of the National Trust for Historic Preserva-

Remarks at a Cinco de Mayo Celebration May 5, 1992

If I might be informal, Gus, thank you mark and for creating the institute to very much for the warm introduction and strengthen the ties of friendship between the warm welcome. And I just can’t tell you our two nations. how pleased I am to be in this beautiful Relations between the United States and place. There are many familiar faces out Mexico are tremendously important to both there, so many Members of both Chambers our countries. It’s exciting to note, and I from Mexico. We salute you, and we wel- would note and I’d say with some pride, come you all. I had a chance to greet the that relations between Mexico and the Members a second ago. Members of the United States have never been better than Mexican-American business community, they are now. And I take great pride in we’re very pleased to have you all here. I that, as I say, but I commend especially see Senator Gramm and Representatives Carlos Salinas for the role that he’s played Kolbe and Gilman and Tallon, all here to in strengthening this special friendship that salute this show of force and show of friend- benefits both our peoples. The Mexican ship for the delegates from south of the President has done an awful lot to hold out Rio Grande. The interparliamentary union, his hand to us, to emphasize the importance the Mexican-American interparliamentary to Mexico of the U.S.-Mexican relationship. relationship, is a good one. I can tell some And he’s done a wonderful job. of you older members of this delegation that I want to thank all of you for letting me I was a member of that interparliamentary share this special day, a day made even action back in 1968 and 1969 and 1970. more meaningful because 1992 marks 500 So I welcome you all once again. years of Hispanic heritage in this hemi- I was pleased earlier to see Jose Nin˜ o sphere. And this heritage is a wonderful, and Raul Yzaguirre, two American leaders rich tapestry that our kids, Barbara, and I who do so much for strong relations be- were lucky enough to first experience dur- tween Mexico and the United States. And, ing our west Texas years. I remember our of course, I want to take this opportunity Cinco de Mayo festivities out there, explor- to congratulate President Carlos Salinas for ing the ties between our countries, ties of preserving this remarkable historical land- family, friendship, and faith. So, my expo-

690 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / May 5 sure to Cinco de Mayo started in the year Cinco de Mayo is the pride Mexicans every- 1949 out in west Texas, and it’s been a part where have in their heritage.’’ of us ever since. And that’s a glorious thing to celebrate. The Bushes are very lucky to be able to And when I think of the Hispanic commu- keep that celebration alive. Our daughter- nity in our country, the first words to come in-law, as some of you know, was from Mex- to mind are faith, family, and freedom. ico, now an American citizen, and we take These values have been interwoven into the great pride in that. Three of our grand- strong, bright fabric of the Hispanic tradi- children are Hispanic-American, and they tion for generations, and they’re also the bring the wonder of this dual heritage into very values that this Nation was founded our family. I have only one complaint with on. them. All four of them, my daughter-in-law and the three grandchildren, none of them Cinco de Mayo shows that we all have has been able to teach their grandfather to debts to our ancestors who took risks and speak Spanish. [Laughter] When things made sacrifices for us, whether on the bat- calm down a little, maybe I can make a tlefield or out in the farm field. And we little more headway. must honor these men and women who I remember being so proud when Noelle, ached to pass on a richer life, a freer life, our granddaughter, and her mariachi group a better life, who sacrificed all they had in sang at Barbara’s First Ladies luncheon dur- order to guarantee opportunity, freedom, ing our inauguration. I heard the mariachi and hope for their children and their chil- group upstairs, and I’m kind of glad that dren’s children. One essay winner in this there wasn’t a comparison between Noelle’s Los Angeles contest wrote, ‘‘Celebrating the mariachi group and this group of wonderful deeds of our ancestors helps us keep in musicians that enlivened the festivities here. touch with our history and reminds us of But I was delighted to hear the music today. past suffering and hardship that brought We all know the facts of Cinco de Mayo, about the comfort we have today.’’ Cinco that long-ago May 5th when General de Mayo, it does not belong solely to an- Zaragoza and his outnumbered troops stood other land; it’s a celebration of ideals that up to the empire of Napoleon III. Stirring know no border. And today we rejoice at facts, but what’s most important is the spirit the men and women who came to this of that day, the spirit of those few poorly- country from across the world, brought their armed men who turned the battle into a finest strengths, their rich culture, their glorious symbol. Cinco de Mayo is a symbol proudest tradition, and fit them into the vi- of the struggle for self-determination against brant mosaic that is America. astounding odds, and it’s the symbol of a We must also look toward the future to brave people’s unbeatable determination to prepare the legacy we will leave our chil- fight for their own destiny. It’s a day like dren. I believe of all the gifts that we could the downing of the Berlin Wall, the vote against apartheid, the defeat of Iraq’s ag- give them, the three most important are gression: events that transform our world jobs, family, and peace. And the America and the way we see each other. It’s also we will leave to our country will be a better of course, a national holiday, a day of pride land and a more just land if we make in Mexican culture, a day of pride in Mexi- progress here on five key areas. I’m thinking can heritage. of our health care system, our legal system, The Los Angeles Unified School District our education system, our system of Gov- sponsors an annual Cinco de Mayo essay ernment, and of course, we must expand contest, and I just want to share with you world trade. These are the keys to thriving a couple of the quotes. A senior high school in the future. student wrote that this day, and here’s the And so much depends upon trade. Mex- quote, ‘‘instilled within me pride and appre- ico and the United States share a great deal. ciation for the beauty of my people and the President Salinas, as I say, is a dear friend. richness of my roots.’’ And a middle school He also is a bold and imaginative leader, student wrote, ‘‘The real significance of and the deep and enduring relation-

691 May 5 / Administration of George Bush, 1992 ship we’re forging between our countries is they’ve increased by two-thirds just over the based on cooperation, mutual respect, and past 3 years. And our exports of auto parts open trade. And I will fight to tear down and telecommunications equipment have economic barriers with Mexico. doubled. Imagine what will happen under I notice the portrait of Juarez watching a free trade agreement. It will create thou- us. And seeing him reminds me of that sands more jobs on both sides of the border. great fresco I saw upstairs, ‘‘The Liberators And all of us will be winners. And in that of the American Continent.’’ For those who spirit of vital cooperation, I know that we haven’t seen it, it’s a symbol of the friend- will grow together. ship and union that we share. It shows the But all communities within the United great leaders of our lands and a picture of States need to pause right now in the wake North America and Latin America shaking of tragic events in Los Angeles. We must hands. This idealized portrait shows what rethink and reaffirm the bonds that knit all we’re going to achieve in trade because I nationalities together. The violence brought am absolutely committed—put the politics much suffering to the Los Angeles Hispanic aside—I am absolutely committed to signing community. And I am certain that many of a sound North American free trade agree- you, as did I, shared in their pain. And even ment just as soon as possible. The time of as my heart, too, goes out to them, I found opportunity is now. I’ve told our negotiators in the midst of the devastation there were to accelerate their work. I believe we can signs of promise, neighbor helping neigh- conclude a sound and sensible deal before bor, regardless of race or cultural back- this United States election, and I will sign ground. Converging in Los Angeles were it just as soon as it’s ready. three fundamental issues of a civilized soci- A great lesson of our age is that trade ety: justice, order, and tolerance. And these and enterprise can build jobs and certainly must remain our goals as we mend the can preserve freedom. NAFTA, the North wounds of Los Angeles. From New York American free trade agreement, will be the to San Antonio to San Jose, we must redou- key to higher standards of living for the peo- ble our efforts to build on our strengths, ples of our continent. I hope it helps, and the same strengths of character that are at I’m sure it will, the standard of living in the heart of the Hispanic community here Mexico. I know it will do the same for the in the United States and in Mexico as well. United States. And then I believe the bene- My friends, I look forward to spending fits will flow south where it will open the future Cinco de Mayo days with you. I door for other such free trade agreements. loved the music, as I said. I can’t wait to It will liberate our markets, and it will in- hear it again. And thank you very much, crease trade, investment, and jobs, yes, jobs, Gus, for including me in this wonderful day. in Mexico, in Canada, and right here in the And here’s something my 8-year-old grand- United States of America. son, Jebby, did teach me: Vaya con Dios. I must say, as I look over here I have Thank you very, very much. a little guilt complex because I see Bernie Aronson who is working so very hard and in such effectiveness to bring forth a trade agreement, and he’s done a wonderful job in our relationship. Bernie, I should have mentioned you earlier, but I’m just delighted you’re here. Note: The President spoke at 2:17 p.m. at But as he knows and all of us, I think, the Mexican Cultural Institute. In his re- know, a free trade market made up of these marks, he referred to Ambassador Gustavo three nations, Mexico, Canada, and the Petricioli of Mexico; Jose Nin˜o, president of United States, would be the stuff of dreams, the U.S.-Hispanic Chamber of Commerce; one of the largest markets in the world, 360 Raul Yzaguirre, president of the National million consumers in a $6 trillion economy. Council of La Raza; and Bernard W. Now, Mexico is among the fastest growing Aronson, Assistant Secretary of State for national markets for U.S. exports, and Inter-American Affairs.

692 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / May 6

Nomination of Reginald Bartholomew To Be United States Permanent Representative on the Council of the North Atlantic Treaty Organization May 5, 1992

The President today announced his inten- 1983–86. Mr. Bartholomew has served as tion to nominate Reginald Bartholomew, of U.S. Special Negotiator for United States- the District of Columbia, a career member Greek Defense and Economic Cooperation of the Senior Foreign Service, class of Ca- Negotiations, 1982–83; and Special Cyprus reer Minister, to be the United States Per- Coordinator at the Bureau of International manent Representative on the Council of Organization Affairs at the U.S. Department the North Atlantic Treaty Organization, with of State, 1981–82. the rank of Ambassador. He would succeed Mr. Bartholomew graduated from Dart- William H. Taft IV. mouth College (B.A., 1958) and the Univer- Since 1989, Mr. Bartholomew has served sity of Chicago (M.A., 1960). He was born as Under Secretary of State for Coordinat- February 17, 1936, in Portland, ME. Mr. ing Security Assistance Programs. Prior to Bartholomew is married, has four children, this, he served as U.S. Ambassador to Spain, 1986–89; and U.S. Ambassador to Lebanon, and resides in Washington, DC.

Nomination of Peter Barry Teeley To Be United States Ambassador to Canada May 5, 1992

The President today announced his inten- tee, 1977–79. In 1976, Mr. Teeley served tion to nominate Peter Barry Teeley, of Vir- as press secretary to the President Ford ginia, to be Ambassador Extraordinary and Committee. Mr. Teeley served as press sec- Plenipotentiary of the United States of retary to Senator Jacob Javits (R–NY), America to Canada. He would succeed Ed- 1974–77; and as press secretary to Assistant ward N. Ney. Minority Leader, Senator Robert P. Griffin Since 1985, Mr. Teeley has served as (R–MI). president with the consulting firm of Teeley Mr. Teeley graduated from Wayne State & Associates in Washington, DC. Prior to University (B.A., 1965). He was born Janu- this, he served as Assistant to the Vice ary 12, 1940, in Barrow, England. Mr. President and Press Secretary, 1980–85; and Teeley is married, has four children, and as communications director and press sec- resides in Alexandria, VA. retary at the Republican National Commit-

The President’s News Conference With President Leonid Kravchuk of Ukraine May 6, 1992

President Bush. Mr. President and distin- on the first official visit by a freely elected guished members of the Ukrainian delega- President of independent Ukraine. May I tion, on behalf of the people of the United also acknowledge Senators Pell and Lugar, States it’s been my honor to welcome you who are with us today. Congressmen

693 May 6 / Administration of George Bush, 1992

Broomfield and Leach were supposed to be; clear weapons from its territory and join the they are missing in action. But nevertheless, Non-Proliferation Treaty as a non-nuclear- welcome to the Senators. All of us join in weapons state. We have pledged to assist celebrating the renaissance of freedom and Ukraine in the accounting and control of independence for the great and ancient na- its nuclear reaction materials, to establish tion of Ukraine. a science and technology center in the A few blocks from here stands an impos- Ukraine, and to explore additional assistance ing monument erected by an act of the for weapons destruction. United States Congress approved by Presi- We also are committed to Ukraine’s fu- dent Eisenhower. It’s a statue of Taras ture economic prosperity in a free market Shevchenko, the poet and prophet of a free system. The United States will continue its Ukrainian nation. And inscribed on the program of technical assistance, including monument is this verse composed by advice in establishing a new Ukrainian cur- Shevchenko more than a century ago: rency. We will extend $110 million in Com- Our soul shall never perish. Freedom modity Credit Corporation guarantees to knows no dying. And the greedy cannot permit sales of American agricultural com- harvest fields where seas are lying; can- modities to Ukraine. Opening up markets not bind the living spirit, nor the living and expanding trade are essential to our word; cannot smirch the sacred glory new partnership. A robust exchange of of the Almighty Lord. goods and services, of ideas and tech- Mr. President, when we welcome nologies will create better jobs and enhance Ukraine’s new independence we honor gen- the quality of life for people in both of our erations of women and men who kept a countries. flame of hope alive through years of darkness. And free people must never forget the The agreement we’ve just signed on trade suffering Ukraine endured under the totali- and the opening of our new OPIC, Overseas tarian yoke. We must remember the victims Private Investment Corporation, program of Stalin’s forced famine, the Harvest of are an excellent beginning. This week I plan Sorrow. We must remember the religious to waive the Jackson-Vanik amendment, and believers who endured persecution for their as soon as possible I hope to confer most- faith. We must remember the thousands favored-nation status on Ukraine. who faced punishment in the gulag because And finally, we hope to assure the closest they spoke out for cultural, political, or eco- possible political and cultural ties between nomic reform. independent Ukraine and the United States. Now the darkness is lifted. Ukraine has We will continue to consult on our vision entered a season of hope and rebirth. The of a democratic peace in Europe. Our new Ukrainian people reclaimed their independ- Peace Corps program, established by an- ence on December 1, 1991. And I am other agreement that was just signed here, proud that the United States was among will bring volunteers to help develop small the first in welcoming that vote, in recogniz- businesses and build personal links between ing Ukrainian independence, and in estab- our two peoples. lishing diplomatic relations. We also were Mr. President, Ukraine is the birthplace one of the first to establish an Embassy in or ancestral home of more than a million Kiev, soon to be led by a Ukrainian-Amer- American citizens. They enliven and enrich ican, Ambassador-designate Roman this country with their creative talent and Popadiuk. with their passion for freedom. Decade In our intensive and successful talks today after decade, Americans of Ukrainian herit- the President and I, President Kravchuk age have kept alive in this country the cause and I agreed that the United States and of Ukraine’s freedom and independence. Ukraine should be not just friends but part- And this historic day is a tribute to them ners. Ukraine’s future security is important as well as to their kinsmen in Ukraine. We for the United States and for stability in know Ukrainians face many challenges in Europe. We welcome President Kravchuk’s the years ahead, during your historic transi- assurance that Ukraine will remove all nu- tion to free enterprise and democracy.

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And let me assure you, the United States program in Ukraine, on the environmental will stand beside a democratic Ukraine. protection, and some other documents. Our And again, thank you, Mr. President. May experts agreed on further cooperation, and God bless you and the people of your won- I believe in the nearest future Ukraine and derful country. We’re delighted that you the United States could sign some new came our way. agreements, among them the agreements on President Kravchuk. Mr. President, ladies the sea shipping, the lifting of dual taxation, and gentleman, friends, the official part of preservation of and protection of religious my first visit to the United States as the national cultural monuments on the terri- President of Ukraine is coming to an end. tories of both countries, and cooperation In this respect, I would like to sincerely and facilitating programs of assistance. and frankly say that the meetings with the But the most important issue now is to President of the United States, the talks we ensure that the signed agreements be im- had, the air of openness and the friendly plemented. I hope that the spirit of mutual nature of the talks and mutual understand- understanding, openness, and trust which ing of the position and interests of our two gradually turns into a characteristic feature states surpassed the limits of official cere- of the Ukraine and American relations at monies. the official level would be transferred into As you know, we have already had an op- the relationships between the peoples of our portunity of meeting President Bush and two countries. many officials of his administration, both in The entire experience of creating new Kiev and Washington. No doubt such con- international ties after the collapse of totali- tacts always get appropriate and well-justi- tarianism and the end of the long cold war fied international coverage and attract pub- period shows that the major issue now is lic interest and that of the media. Most im- to establish effective cooperation in the in- portant, in my view, is our gradual progress terests of universal, peaceful future, and to from general political statements to the bi- ensure such international conditions which lateral state-to-state relations filled with visi- would allow to find an optimal compromise ble content. of state, national, and general human inter- We are very pleased to mention that yes- ests. terday in Washington, DC, we inaugurated That is why I’m deeply convinced that the Ukrainian Embassy in the United the development of friendly and equal rela- States, headed by our first Ambassador, Mr. tions between our two states, Ukraine and Oleh Bilorus, who’s present here. We be- the United States of America, corresponds lieve that we will soon welcome the Ambas- to their innate national interests. We are sador of the United States, Mr. Popadiuk, ready to further develop and deepen our in Kiev. fruitful bilateral dialog. For us, the opening of our own Embassy Ukraine is a young state, and it will have in your great country is an event of great to go along a very difficult road. But we historic and political significance. This is an- are totally convinced, including the experi- other step towards a true state independence of the United States, that we will go ence of Ukraine. We will next have to solve along that road if we would abide by the the problems related to the establishment general human values. of consular and other respected offices of With all my heart, I would like to wish Ukraine in your country. These institutions peace, happiness, accord, and further pros- should give a substantial impetus to further perity to the great American people and development of our cooperation in the areas every American home. that present mutual interest. President Bush. I think the President has Today the President of the United States agreed to take a few questions, and I’ll be and myself and the Government officials au- glad to do the same. thorized by us signed a number of important bilateral agreements, such as the agree- President’s Visit to Los Angeles ment on trade, promotion of investment, Q. Mr. President, I’d like to ask you about implementation of the U.S. Peace Corps another subject. Your spokesman says that

695 May 6 / Administration of George Bush, 1992 you’re not going to Los Angeles today with What do you say to that? any kind of new blueprint for the cities. President Bush. I say that we’re not trying Where does that leave matters for these to assign blame. There’s no point emphasiz- hard-pressed urban areas, given that Con- ing programs that haven’t worked, however. gress has largely ignored your proposals and We want new programs. We want new many people believe that you haven’t fought ideas. We’ve put forward some, and we may very hard for them anyway? have others to put forward. But there’s no President Bush. I have fought hard for point trying to convince the American peo- them, and we have some excellent propos- ple that programs that have not worked is als. But what I want to do is go out there the answer to this problem. It isn’t. I don’t and see that we are doing everything we can to assist in the recovery. That will also believe in—what I’m trying to do is heal be accompanied by my keen interest in see- and bring the people together. And I will ing where we go from here. I’ll have more go forward with ideas that have not been to say about that. We have some excellent tried, emphasizing that it is far more impor- ideas. I am very interested in what is under- tant to give people a piece of the action way there from getting reports. Both the than it is to have the Federal Government Mayor and Peter Ueberroth and the Gov- simply dump largesse on them. ernor feel things are moving in the right We’ve tried it the other way. Now this direction. gives us an opportunity, an excellent oppor- So we want to be sure that we have sup- tunity, to try some new ideas, and that’s plemented the overall effort for civil tran- all. It’s not a question of assigning blame. quility. I do think that that’s in better shape, It’s a question of a realistic assessment: and I think the Federal Government re- Have we, as a country, done everything we sponded very, very well. I’m pleased that can to help those people that have been both Mayor Bradley and the Governor felt left behind? I am not satisfied. We need that way. Then we’ve got to begin the heal- to do more, and we are trying to do more. ing process, and we also have to find an- So I told my Cabinet today that I think swers that will guarantee tranquility in these this offers us an excellent opportunity not cities. I come back to my emphasis that was to assign blame but to try to come out with brought home to me loud and clear by ideas that can offer hope and upward mobil- Mayor Bradley himself when he talked ity to people that have been bypassed. about, we must find ways to strengthen the family, he and other mayors having come That’s exactly what I’ll be trying to do, and in before this happened. So we have some that’s what I think we’ve been trying to do. good new ideas. I will try to bring those We’ve got to get it in better focus, and we forth to the American people after I’ve had need some action. a chance to look at the scene there. But this isn’t any time for blame. This Anybody that would like to ask President a time to heal. It—— Kravchuk a question? Q. You’re not saying that Medicare or Q. I’d like to ask you one. Head Start or vocational rehabilitation, Fed- President Bush. All right, go ahead, Helen eral aid to education at all levels, and all [Helen Thomas, United Press Inter- the other laws that were implemented in national], and then you’ve got one for—— the Great Society era didn’t work? Urban Policy Assessment President Bush. Not all of them, no. But I’m saying we can do better, and I think we Q. Mr. President, both you and Marlin should try. We ought to offer—here we are Fitzwater have blamed Great Society pro- talking to Ukraine who’s moving to privat- grams for what’s happened in our country. But your critics say that through the benign ization, moving to market economies, and neglect of the Reagan-Bush years, we are I’d like to be sure we’ve done everything we becoming what the Kerner Commission can to give people a part of the real action prophesied, which is a nation—two nations, in the private sector. Let’s just see if we white and black, separate but unequal. can’t do a better job in terms of owner-

696 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / May 6 ship for some of these people that have States—What can we do to help? been passed by and assigned in the past to President Kravchuk. We have done lots these endless construction projects that all today by the simple fact that we have signed seem to fall apart. There’s a better way to very important documents which open up do it, is all I’m saying, and that’s what we our relationship on an interstate level. As want to try to do. to the everyday practice, we had a very interesting meeting with the Secretary of Ukrainian Nuclear Weapons Commerce and will meet other secretaries. Q. For President Kravchuk. My name is We brought a delegation of businessmen Susan Cornwall with Reuters. I have two who met and will continue meeting their questions for you. The first is, you said this counterparts in the United States. We morning that all tactical nuclear weapons would create mechanisms and working would leave the Ukraine by July. But some groups that might help implement what we Russian officials in Moscow said today that have agreed upon already, and I think we all of the tactical nuclear weapons had al- would continue to go in that direction. ready left the Ukraine. Could you clarify I think those actions would be beneficial please, and tell us, have they all, indeed, for both the United States and the Ukraine. left the Ukraine? The second question is, I would like to emphasize again that when do you think you might sign a proto- Ukraine is not asking for anything. Ukraine col to the START Treaty? Thank you. would like to have some credits to create President Kravchuk. By the time of the new technologies and to transfer to a mar- statements that we would terminate the re- ket economy as soon as possible, a free moval of the tactical weapons, because of economy. We are not asking for credits to lack of respective control, we have moved eat them up as food products; we’ve got out about 50 percent of all the tactical other intentions. weapons. On the 16th of April, President Yeltsin and I signed an agreement which Urban Policy Assessment formed the joint commission which is now verifying the process of removal of tactical Q. Sir, you say you’re not interested in weapons from Ukraine. As soon as the doc- the politics of blame nor assigning blame. ument was signed and the verification con- In fact, starting this Monday you blamed trol groups were created, the removal was Congress for not passing some of your do- resumed. It is going on according to the mestic programs for the inner cities. Marlin schedule which we have, and we will move Fitzwater attacked the Great Society. Vice all of the tactical weapons by the 1st of President Quayle yesterday also attacked July. This is where Ukraine stands. The Lyndon Johnson’s programs. A year ago in weapons were not taken yet. Michigan you said that the Great Society As to the START Treaty, we have dis- programs actually exacerbated racial ani- cussed many details with Secretary of State mosity. You actually used the words ‘‘racial James Baker. Our Minister for Foreign Re- animosity.’’ We still are unable to get a spe- lations and Mr. Baker had lengthy consulta- cific list out of the White House as to which tions. We prepared a letter signed by the programs have done this. President of Ukraine, and the letter clarifies President Bush. John [John Cochran, all the aspects which are acceptable both NBC News], I think this is an inappropriate by the United States and Ukraine. And as time to try to divide. I think it’s a very soon as the protocol is signed, the Ukraine appropriate time to rethink whether we’ve would ratify the START Treaty and would done it just exactly right in the past, wheth- fulfill all the commitments stipulated in that er it’s the Great Society or all the way up treaty. to our administration. I cannot certify to the American people that we have tried the Ukraine-U.S. Relations new ideas that might make urban America Q. Would you estimate the relationship better, might give a better opportunity for of partnerships between the Ukraine and everybody. such a developed country as the United So there is no point trying to go into your

697 May 6 / Administration of George Bush, 1992 question, answering the specifics, trying to from the social, not the financial, side? assign blame. I don’t think that’s what the President Bush. Some of it’s rhetorical. country needs right now. I think it needs Some of it is trying to build on what we’ve to come together. If I have my fights with started by this Family Commission. I re- Congress on getting some proposals member when Tom Bradley, the Mayor of through, some of which I have been propos- Los Angeles, came to see me before the ing for 3 years, that’s another matter. But outbreak there. He joined a lot of other this isn’t the time to go out and try to divide mayors in telling me that the number one the country. This is the time to bring it concern that the mayors have—all of them together. had it, Republican, Democrat, liberal, con- Now, we’ve started on that. We started servative—was the dissolution and the de- to bring it together by doing everything we cline of the American family. We’ve got to could to assist the local law enforcement find ways to help strengthen the family. people because the American people are One of them is through the education pro- outraged by the violence. Secondly, we gram; one of them through neighborhood started to bring it together by providing activities; one of them is through the kind every asset we could to the local people of private sector involvement that we’ve out there, the Mayor and Peter Ueberroth been talking about through our Points of and the localities, to have the Federal Gov- Light and that Peter Ueberroth is now try- ernment assist, whether it’s Department of ing to bring to bear on the solution to the Labor, whether it’s HUD, whether it’s problem. HHS. We’ve got a good program moving So that’s the approach we’ll be taking. But forward right now to do that. Then I owe I’m very anxious to hear, before I make final it to the American people to say, here’s decisions, from the local people as to what what I think is the longer range answer; they think. One of the things that I men- can help right now if we can get some of tioned in my speech to the Nation was the these things through and if I can convince concern I felt and the concern that Mayor the American people that this is what we Bradley felt about the attacks on the Korean ought to do. And I’ll have some proposals community. These people were peaceful to that effect. people, and they were all assaulted. We’ve But I say I don’t want to assign blame; got to do something about it. I don’t have I don’t. If I said a year ago that these pro- an easy answer to it, but you put your finger grams weren’t working, perhaps I have been on something that I think we have to find vindicated. But there’s no point in going answer to. And somehow in the field of into that. Nobody in the United States polit- strengthening the family and in the field ical system can certify today that every proof ownership and in the field of the dignity gram we’ve had has worked just perfectly; that comes with having a piece of the action it hasn’t. So there’s no point going back on lies the answer. it. The point is, try to take this as an oppor- Q. Have those questions, sir, been ne- tunity and bring the country together and glected simply by dealing with it from other then move it forward. That’s exactly what aspects, from financial—— I’m going to do, and I’m not going to go President Bush. I can’t say that they trying to help you get into what’s worked haven’t. Anytime you see problems, we’ve and what hasn’t. I will present that to the got to figure out that we haven’t done all United States Congress in the future, as I we can to have them solved if they’re still have in the past. out there. Q. Mr. President, so much of the problems in California and the inner cities have Ukrainian Security been addressed in economic terms about Q. President Kravchuk, you said a mo- enterprise zones, about homeownership. ment ago you didn’t ask for anything in the But how do you, sir, begin to address the economic. Can you tell us if you asked for social problems, the antipathy between not anything from the U.S. security field vis- only blacks and whites but blacks, whites, a-vis Russia? And second, on the protocol, Koreans, Hispanics? How do you attack it is the protocol pretty much in place, or is

698 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / May 6 there some detail where even some dis- Let us take the example of the Vice Presi- agreement is still to be resolved? dent of Russia, Mr. Rutskoy, who stepped President Kravchuk. We do not have seri- on the Crimean soil and made a first state- ous differences. We had some misinter- ment that Crimea is Russian. He hugged pretation of the text during the translation the barrel of a huge gun and said, ‘‘Can period, but we have agreed upon those we lose Crimea with that type of weapon? minor details. And the protocol is ready to No.’’ He’s not a man in the street but a be signed. Vice President of Russia. Such statements There is a problem of security for Ukraine are very dangerous. They are politically because Ukraine is a large European coun- ungrounded. And the people in the Ukraine try with a population of 53 million, with can hardly understand the type of state- a powerful nuclear arsenal. And we initiated ments. People in Ukraine and Russia used to annihilate those weapons. We think that to live in peace, and they want to live in this policy is correct in its concept, and we peace. They want to associate. They want would not change that policy. But some of to have contacts in science and culture. We our neighbors, especially the great neigh- have many common problems dating back bors such as Russia, have political forces into history. But we should not use power which would like to make territorial claims play and political play and lead a situation as to Ukraine. That certainly worries us. It toward danger. worries the people in the Ukraine. We would do anything in our power to solve Nuclear Power Plants possible conflicts with Russia. These problems will exist because the em- Q. Sir, did you raise the issue of pire crumbled, and people have different Chernobyl at all? And did you seek any sort interests. We would continue to proclaim of help from the United States for safety our request for the international community of nuclear power plants? And President to find a necessary forum to express its Bush, are you concerned about safety of nu- viewpoint as to the Ukrainian stand on the clear power plants in the former Soviet elimination of nuclear weapons and also Union? provide some guarantees for the national se- President Kravchuk. We have shut down curity of Ukraine in case there is a possible the Chernobyl power plant after the acci- threat. dent that people had near Leningrad, at the power station over there. We have shut Crimea down the reactors in Chernobyl, and we can Q. Do you fear losing Crimea to your see that we cannot resume their functions. powerful neighbors? A lot of money and a lot of effort would President Kravchuk. The thing is the Cri- be required. We will need about a year to mea, from the legal point of view, is the resume their activities. Our Parliament de- 1954 act was totally legitimate. They acted cided that the Chernobyl power station according to the legal norms and standards should be shut down by 1993. And we de- which were in effect at that time in our cided we should not resume the work of huge country. You can’t reverse the law be- the reactors. cause if we start to reconsider the 18th- The most important thing for us is how century rules, we can come to a total ab- to neutralize the ruined fourth power unit. surdity. So we think that the problem was We do not have any scientific solution of the solved in 1954 correctly according to law. problem yet. We have not addressed the The situation in the Crimea would have President of the United States definitely been totally normal. There is a multinational about this problem. We think that the people population there; nobody is deprived of in many countries, including our kin brothers their rights. But there are some forces from here in the United States who are providing the outside that stimulate and instigate sep- help to us. But we think that the liquidation aratist moods. They also finance those are consequences of the Chernobyl tragedy moods and, in a way, egg on those moods if that is possible at all. And the taking of from the part of Russia. the station out of the commission

699 May 6 / Administration of George Bush, 1992 is a very, very difficult financial, technical blame. It is simply to say I’m not satisfied problem. As to other nuclear power plants with the tensions that I see and want to in Ukraine, they are based on a totally dif- try to do something about it. ferent principle. They do not present any Q. If I may ask about a specific, sir, to threat similar to the Chernobyl power follow up, revenue-sharing, a program start- plants. The Leningrad station is similar to ed by a Republican President, was also what we have in Chernobyl. ended by your predecessor. A lot of people President Bush. My answer to your ques- who have been studying the Los Angeles tion would be, yes, of course, we’d be con- riots say that may have—the cities may be cerned about safety. And I would like to overburdened now; that because of the new offer cooperation on the part of our side federalism, the shifting of programs to the as to our technologically competent people cities who may not have been able to pro- in every way possible, cooperating with vide. Is that a specific area, Federal aid to whoever needs our help. We think we’ve got good, safe systems here, and we’d like the cities, that you’re willing to reconsider? to be of assistance to others. But any time President Bush. If I can find some reve- you have systems that have caused trouble, nue to share. We are operating at unaccept- we must all be concerned in this world. ably high levels of deficit, and everyone knows that. What I think we also need to Urban Policy Assessment do is consider that a vigorous economy, with Q. Mr. President, you and your prede- job creation as its goal or as its hallmark, cessor, Ronald Reagan, came to office 12 is the best poverty program. So we’ve pro- years ago under an economic system that posed instead, as you know, a rather sub- promised a rising tide would lift all boats. stantial block grant. We’ve not gotten that During both of your terms in office we had through, but we’ll try again. It’s very close the longest postwar, or peacetime recovery to revenue-sharing, as a matter of fact. It’s and economic expansion in history, and yet, no strings attached, and it is something that the conditions that produced the riots in we think is a good approach. But I think Los Angeles still existed. Are you now, as we should look at all of this. part of your effort to look at whether every- Q. In the past when faced with a budget thing has worked, reassessing your eco- crisis, you and your predecessor called for nomic programs and the role of the Federal a budget summit. Do you foresee anything Government in proving help to the cities, like that in the area of urban problems, States, and social classes of the country? given the fact that enterprise legislation and President Bush. Yes, I think we ought to things along that line have been proposed look at everything. I’m not satisfied. And and reproposed in the past without success? I think we ought to look at everything, and President Bush. I think there’s enough we ought to move forward on these three tracks: One, the question of restoration of focus on this now that if we come forward law, American citizens should not be asked with a good, sound program, I would like to put up with wanton looting and pillaging; to think we’d have a good opportunity to secondly, short-term answers to assist the encourage the Congress and to get it passed city and the State in the cleanup and in by Congress. I don’t know that we need the restoration of things in Los Angeles; and another commission or another study group, then, three, proposals that would really as- anything of that nature. sist in rebuilding and in harmonizing in this Q. But as far as the leadership in both country. the House and the Senate, a bipartisan That’s the way I’m going to approach it, group getting together to try to form a con- and I’ll look at what we’ve done and what sensus on this. we’ve tried to do, what others have done, President Bush. I’d like to think that we but not with the question of blaming. I real- could get it. We’d have to get a consensus ly don’t think that’s what’s wanted. If we if we’re going to get it through. And so we’d point out differences, if I point out a pro- have to do whatever is required to get the gram that I think has failed, it’s not to proposals, some of which I have made, the

700 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / May 6 new ones I’ll make, to get it through the part of our proposal for a long, long time. Congress. Yes, I’ll have to do that. And when I look at the devastation and look Q. Not a summit? at some of the hopelessness, not just in this President Bush. Well, what’s a summit? particular area but others, it seems to me Everything’s a summit, I guess, these days. that the time has come to try something But I don’t know how you define that. But different. we’d certainly want a—we need to get co- I thought I heard the Congresswoman operation on both sides of the aisle to get from the area say that the time has come something done for America. for enterprise zones. Well, that’s a very in- START Treaty teresting development and an interesting Q. Mr. President, could I follow up on shift, if true. But again, you don’t get somewhat Mr. President Kravchuk said about the thing done by saying, we were with A, B, START Treaty? He said the protocol was or C before when we were trying to get ready to be signed by Ukraine. But of these programs through. What we do say course, you have a complicated situation is, you mentioned enterprise zones, I think where you have several countries involved, enterprise zones make a good deal of sense; Russia, Byelarus, and Kazakhstan. How to bring business into the area and get jobs, close are you to being able to work some- you’ve got to get some tax breaks in the thing that is mutually acceptable so you can area, get the jobs moving in the area, get go forward with the Senate? the production in the area. We haven’t real- President Bush. I think we’ve made ly tried that at the Federal level, and I’d progress, as the President said here today. like to see it tried. And without assigning And Jim and the Foreign Minister worked blame for failures in the past, I think that out the details this morning. So this one this is an idea whose time has come. And is in pretty good shape. But we have work so we will try again. And I have tried, and to do with others, and it’s not complete. I’ll keep trying. And I would think that Jim might be going Q. To follow up on that, you say that soon to try to hammer out some of the dif- you will try to get your proposals through. ferences that exist with the countries that When we talked to Democrats on the Hill, you mentioned. they say that you’re not willing to com- Q. Would you expect that while President promise, that you want it your way or you Kravchuk is here he would sign this proto- don’t want it at all. Have the L.A. riots pro- col, or is not something you can sign now? vided maybe the tone for a compromise? President Bush. I’d defer to the President. President Bush. I don’t know that the I just don’t know whether there’s any plan L.A. riots—but I think I’m the guy that’s to be signed on it. But the agreement, the held out my hands to the United States letters, the language has been worked out. Congress, saying let’s try. But I’m not going I doubt it will be signed on this visit. But to suggest that that means doing it some- the language is; we sat there in the Oval body else’s way all the time. But I think Office, and I think the President would the time has come when the American peo- agree that we agreed on it. Correct? ple want action. They don’t want any more President Kravchuk. Yes. [Laughter] rhetoric, and they say, ‘‘Let’s try something President Bush. Yes. new. Let’s try something that will really Legislation on Social Programs help. Let’s have order. Let’s not condone Q. Mr. President, have you personally the violence, but out of this, let’s see if we lobbied Democratic Members of Congress can’t find better answers.’’ And you men- on enterprise zones and on the HOPE pro- tioned enterprise zones, I happen to think gram? it’s a better answer. And I think it’s almost President Bush. Yes, and I’ll continue to, unarguable. But—— but let me come forward with a package Q. Mr. President, to follow up on that. now. And I don’t know how you quantify The Democrats say, in fact, the enterprise it, but I think you’ll note that that’s been zones was in the growth package, but you

701 May 6 / Administration of George Bush, 1992 vetoed it. And secondly, on the homeowner- der Patrol people, and all of those who were ship program, the HOPE program, as you in the law enforcement end of the Federal mentioned several times, that was approved, Government. But in terms of the Army and but the funding was cut by 60 percent. And the Marines and the National Guard, I will we’re told that Jack Kemp asked you to veto be talking about that, I’m sure, tonight with the bill so you could get full funding but our task force when I get out there. that you didn’t because the bill also had Q. The benefit of hindsight, do you wish full funding for the space station. So my that you had put them on duty Thursday question is, will you shift your priorities per- night or Wednesday night, rather than wait- haps away from things like the space station ing until Friday? and more towards the homeownership, as President Bush. No, I still believe that you your Secretary asked you? ought to work closely with the local officials. President Bush. I don’t think he suggested I think they are the ones that activate the we move it away from the space station. Guard, and that’s the way it should be. I But my view is, here’s an opportunity. I’m don’t think the President should call up and glad they’re saying that they support this. insist on something like that. So I have con- And I hope we can do it in a way that fidence in their judgment, and I think they is acceptable to us because I have to also did the right thing. And similarly, federaliz- keep in mind the overall economy of this ing, a President can do that, but it is far country. The bill I vetoed was not vetoed better to do it when you have the full re- on space stations or on HOPE; it was ve- quest and full cooperation of the local offi- toed on a wide range of broad matters that cials and of the Governor. And that’s exactly would have burdened the taxpayer in this what we did in very timely fashion. So I country. But let’s hope that with this new don’t have any regrets on that. interest in finding new answers, that we can Q. Will you be seeing Mr. Gates? get done these programs that I’m talking President Bush. Gates? I don’t know. I about. Yes, I’d like to think we can do that. don’t know. I don’t know. Last one. No, not again, Terry [Terence Hunt, Associated Press]. [Laughter] Well, last one. Go ahead. Legislation on Social Programs Federal Law Enforcement Role in Los Q. When you say ‘‘new proposals,’’ do you Angeles mean the ones you’ve already submitted? Q. How long are you going to keep the President Bush. John, I’ll tell you about Army and the Marine Corps on duty in Los that when I get ready to. I’ll announce the Angeles? program when I’m ready, not sooner; not President Bush. Well, it won’t be much an answer to one question or another. But longer, and I will be very much interested when I’m ready to do it, I will. I’m going in getting recommendations on that from to follow it just the way I’ve told you, do the Mayor and from the Governor. As you it without recrimination, without trying to know, we’ve federalized the Guard at the blame anybody, in an effort to try to move request of the Governor and the request this country forward. of the Mayor. They are there. The law en- Q. Are you sorry the White House has forcement officials and the civilian officials looked divisive the last couple of days? there have felt that their presence inhibited President Bush. I don’t feel it has. I don’t further rioting. I’m convinced in my mind feel it has. that the fact that we moved as quickly as we did in federalizing them had a very quieting effect. Note: The President’s 127th news conference But we’ll start moving out. We’ve moved began at 12:47 p.m. in the East Room at the out some of the Federal law enforcement White House. President Kravchuk spoke in people already. I think that’s been reduced Ukrainian, and his remarks were translated by about a half, maybe more by now, Terry, by an interpreter. In his remarks, President the FBI people, the Customs people, Bor- Bush referred to Peter Ueberroth, chairman

702 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / May 6 of the Rebuild L.A. Committee, and Daryl and Ukraine; the United States-Ukraine F. Gates, chief of police for the city of Los Overseas Private Investment Corporation Angeles. The news conference followed a Agreement; and the Agreement Establishing ceremony in which President Bush and a Peace Corps Program Between the United President Kravchuk signed the Agreement on States and Ukraine. Trade Relations Between the United States

Joint Declaration With President Leonid Kravchuk of Ukraine May 6, 1992

DECLARATION ON U.S.-UKRAINIAN to promote recovery, market development, RELATIONS AND THE BUILDING OF A and growth. The U.S., through its technical DEMOCRATIC PARTNERSHIP assistance programs in areas like defense Today’s talks mark a historic step in the conversion and food distribution, will help development of relations between our two Ukraine in these efforts and encourage the great nations. For the first time, an Amer- international community to do likewise. To- ican President has met with the freely-elect- gether, we will take steps to promote free ed President of a sovereign Ukraine. The trade, investment, and economic coopera- Ukrainian people are now building their tion between our two countries and peoples, own state, one whose independence and as well as within the world economy at commitment to democracy can make a vital large. A critical feature of this cooperation contribution to the creation of a new Eu- will be a special effort by Ukraine to lower rope truly whole and free. The United barriers to trade and investment in order States places special importance on the con- to allow greater access for American firms. solidation of Ukraine’s democracy and inde- Ukraine and the United States will establish pendence. Toward this end, we are agreed joint business development committees to that we must work together as friends and achieve this objective and build a founda- partners for the mutual benefit of both our tion for expanded commerce. We have con- peoples, and in the interests of international cluded a trade agreement which will confer peace and stability. Most Favored Nation tariff treatment on Politically, we will strive to protect and Ukraine, and an OPIC agreement to make promote the values that bind us together available investment insurance for American in the democratic community of nations, in- firms investing in Ukraine. We have also cluding free and fair elections, freedom of agreed to expedite negotiations on bilateral emigration, the rule of law, and respect for investment and tax treaties that will further human rights, including the rights of all mi- promote private trade and investment, as norities, regardless of their nationalities and well as on cooperation in shipping and civil beliefs. The United States takes special note aviation. of Ukraine’s commitment to establish its In the area of security, the United States independence in full accordance with these and Ukraine will cooperate to promote a principles, and its efforts to build a just and democratic peace across Europe. We are stable society where fundamental freedoms agreed that international security can no of all peoples are guaranteed. longer be achieved through the efforts of Economically, we will work to advance individual states to acquire ever increasing the values of economic freedom without amounts of weaponry. Rather, security must which democracy and prosperity cannot be based on reduced levels of armaments flourish. Ukraine will accelerate efforts to among all nations, and on a multilateral move toward a market economy through ap- commitment to uphold shared principles, propriate macroeconomic stabilization poli- especially democracy, the inviolability of cies and structural/microeconomic reforms borders and territorial integrity, and peace-

703 May 6 / Administration of George Bush, 1992 ful resolution of disputes. Working together utilizing a portion of the $400 million ap- in multilateral institutions like CSCE and propriated by the U.S. Congress. The U.S. the North Atlantic Cooperation Council will will also allocate part of this $400 million be an important means of promoting these for the establishment of an International goals and values throughout the new Eu- Science and Technology Center in Ukraine. rope. Also important will be the develop- This Center will help former weapons sci- ment of a regular bilateral dialogue on ques- entists and engineers in developing long- tions of peace and security that would ad- term civilian career opportunities that will dress questions of common interest. We will strengthen Ukraine’s scientific research and use bilateral military and defense contacts development capacity. In addition, the to provide advice and assistance in the de- United States will continue its support of velopment of civil-military institutions. Ukrainian and international efforts aimed at As a matter of special urgency and con- minimizing the tragic aftermath of the cern, we also will work actively to prevent Chernobyl catastrophe. the proliferation of weapons of mass de- By agreeing to cooperate to advance these struction and associated technologies. In common political, economic, and security this regard, the United States applauds Ukraine’s leadership, manifested in its interests, the United States and independ- agreement to ratify and implement the ent Ukraine have laid the foundation for START and CFE treaties, and its commit- a strong and special partnership. For while ment to renounce nuclear weapons and join relations between our governments may be the Non-Proliferation Treaty as a non-nu- new, the ties that connect our peoples are clear weapons state at the earliest possible deep and long standing. We will seek to time. Consistent with these commitments, broaden these contacts through expanded Ukraine reaffirms its decision to complete people-to-people exchange programs such the removal of all tactical nuclear weapons as the Peace Corps agreement we have from its territory by July 1, 1992, and all signed to provide Ukraine with assistance remaining nuclear weapons in accordance in small business development and other with her relevant agreements and during areas, such as education. Working together the seven-year period of time as provided and with others who share our principles, by the START Treaty and in the context we will expand this partnership in pursuit of the statement of the Verhovna Rada on of an enduring, democratic peace that can the nuclear status of Ukraine. The United fulfill the aspirations of our two nations and States will assist Ukraine in these efforts by the entire world.

Teleconference Remarks to the American Newspaper Publishers Association May 6, 1992

The President. Thank you, Bob, and thank conference with President Kravchuk of all of you for that warm welcome. And I’d Ukraine. And incidentally, that was an im- like to say hello to Cathy Black there, the portant meeting we had, and I think it went ANPA CEO and president. I want to con- very well indeed. The relationship between gratulate your incoming chairman, an old the United States and Ukraine is a develop- friend, Frank Bennack, who takes the gavel ing one, and it is a very important one. And for the ANPA and the new NAA. And it’s I will be seeing him again in a couple of good to be with all of you again, this time hours. But that’s why I was a little late here. via satellite. Before taking your questions, let me just Please excuse the slight delay here. I’ve give you a brief update on events in Los just come from a longer than expected press

704 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / May 6

Angeles. As I think back today to when I surance. Preliminary estimates indicate that spoke with the American people last Friday roughly $300 million in loans will be made evening, I think of the oath that I took as in the Los Angeles area. President, the Constitution’s charge to en- Finally, the Department of Agriculture sure domestic tranquility. This I know: We has arranged for delivery of over 2,000 cases cannot and can never condone violence be- of rice cereal, over 2,000 cases of infant cause without peace there can be no hope. formula, nearly 250 cases of nonfat dry milk, All of us are grateful that our actions have and continues to assess emergency food brought calm to Los Angeles. The kids are needs in the city of Los Angeles. So all told, back in school; city buses are running; the Federal aid to speed the recovery process curfew is lifted. After last week’s shock and in Los Angeles is estimated at approximately spectacle, we take heart at the willpower $600 million. of the people of Los Angeles to join hands and hearts to mend their community. Now tonight, I’ll be traveling to California Let me focus for a minute on what we’re to get a firsthand look at the situation in doing at the Federal level, working in co- Los Angeles. There I’ll be meeting with operation with the Governor and the Mayor members of the community to discuss how to help in the rebuilding. Through my Presi- we can continue the work of building a fu- dential disaster declaration, FEMA, the ture of hope, understanding, and tolerance, Federal Emergency Management Agency, a future where there’s no room for hatred. will make assistance available to individuals That’s a story I know every one of us wants and families and the city and county of Los to see in print. Angeles. We’ve got a preliminary estimate Let me say this about the desire that all of this assistance, and the preliminary esti- Americans share to see that what happened mate is approximately $300 million. in Los Angeles never happens again: We Now, we will make grants directly to peo- all want to solve the problems. This is no ple hit the hardest by the violence, personal time to play the blame game. It is time grants up to $11,500 to meet urgent needs for honest talk. And the fact is, in the past like food, clothing, and medicine. These decades spending is up, the number of pro- grants will also help with temporary hous- grams are up, and yet, let’s face it, that ing, money to provide shelter for up to 18 has not solved many of the fundamental months for families who have lost their problems that plague our cities. We need homes or money for repairs to minimally an honest, open national discussion about damaged homes. And we’re also helping family, about values, about public policy, with crisis counseling and disaster unem- and about race. That’s the only way forward. ployment assistance for those who are now And that’s what I intend to do in the days without jobs as a result of the disaster. ahead. A disaster field office is already up and running in Los Angeles. And FEMA’s 800 I’ll never forget when Mayor Bradley of assistance number is ready to receive calls Los Angeles came with some other mayors in English, Spanish, Chinese, Thai, Korean, to see me a few months ago. And he point- and Laotian. In addition, FEMA will assist ed out, as did all of them—small city may- State and local governments to repair and ors, big city mayors—that the decline in the restore public utilities, like water and elec- family, the dissolution of the American fam- tricity, essential to everyday life. This is a ily is at the core of the problems the cities cooperation program, a program of coopera- face. And we’ve got to find ways to strength- tion with State and Federal and local gov- en the American family. Barbara does it by ernments. encouraging parents to read to their kids, Beyond these emergency grants, we will and we’re trying to do it through our own provide low-interest Small Business Admin- education program and through revising the istration disaster loans up to $500,000 for welfare system that in the past has encour- business losses that exceed insurance cov- aged families to live apart. erage and up to $100,000 to homeowners But the family is important in all of this. and renters for damage not covered by in- And I might add, lastly, so is the private

705 May 6 / Administration of George Bush, 1992 sector. Peter Ueberroth talked to me in very your agenda is for dealing with these issues optimistic tones the other day of how the facing American women. private sector can now get involved in some The President. I think we’ve got a good of these areas in job-creating ways that will agenda for dealing with these problems. offer them hope for the future, not just a First, on physical violence, and secondly, on repair mechanism but real hope for the fu- rape and job discrimination, there are ture. strong laws on the book. We’re trying to So, I approach this with optimism. I know make them even stronger by passing a we’ve got to do better. The whole country meaningful crime bill that will, in my view, has to do better. And I’m looking forward inhibit crime. I’ve had difficulty with that, to going out there and then making some recommendations to the country about what but we’re going to keep on trying to get we should do. such legislation through the United States But anyway, thank you all very much for Congress. letting me be a part of your 106th conven- And I think you’re absolutely correct in tion. And now I’ll be delighted to take some the underlying point that this kind of vio- questions, Bob. lence must end. I am not overly happy with Q. All right. Thank you, Mr. President. some of the violence I see in the public There is a podium with a microphone here media, and I’ve spoken out against that. I from which questions can be asked. saw a film the other day, and I’ll spare you Women’s Issues its name, a rather prominent new one that almost glorified the use of narcotics, cocaine Q. Mr. President, last night seven women in this instance. And we have tried very who know each other only through this con- hard, working with some of the media peo- vention, for the most part—and we’re from ple to eliminate that. There’s a great private all over the country, ranged in age from sector effort going on under the leadership 21 to over 70—had dinner together. During of Jim Burke to try to use the media to the course of the evening we found that we agreed almost 100 percent on the prob- speak out against the narcotics and against lems that are facing not just professional the underlying things that lead to the kind women but all women in this country over of violence that both you and I decry. the next few years. I’d like to give you those Financial violence: The answer is to get problems. this economy going. I’m a little more opti- The first one was physical violence, just mistic about that one right now. I believe the garden variety of crime that we see, that most people feel that the economy is random crime resulting from the rage in starting to move. I was wrong last year. I this country. The second was sexual vio- thought the economy was starting in a re- lence, including rape, sexual harassment, covery about this time and that by the end and job discrimination particularly. The of August the recovery would be, if not ro- third is financial violence, including things bust, pretty steady; and it wasn’t. And I like not only just getting along in our strug- think 49 of the 50 blue-chip indicating gling economy and making ends meet but economists, who are leading economists, felt things that are gender-specific like years of the same way. pay discrimination and the fact that more But I think the answer to financial vio- women are supporting families alone and lence is equal opportunity. And I hope that living longer than men in a time when serv- the recovery—and it would have been stim- ices are declining and expenses are going ulated, I think, if we could have passed up. And finally, the abortion issue and the these very laserlike growth initiatives that question of whether women will, in private I have proposed and am still proposing. I consultation with their God, have the right hope that will take care of a lot of the finan- to choose how to manage their own body or whether our U.S. Government is going cial violence that we’ve suffered through as to tell us that. a result of longer than normal recession. Mr. President, we’d like to know what On abortion, you and I just have different

706 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / May 6 views on that one, and I am appalled at What was the second part of your ques- the numbers of abortions. I know that oth- tion? Is she gone? ers view it very, very differently. I have con- Q. She’s back. [Laughter] The second fidence in the court system and, of course, part was, many of the people in L.A. have, as President will uphold the Constitution of in fact, suffered dramatic declines in eco- the United States. But when I see a 13- nomic opportunity in the last decade. They year-old—some of the groups are fighting will, of course, want to know if recent legislation that would say to a 13-year-old, events have convinced you to reconsider you’ve got to notify your parents; they’re your strategies on Federal aid to cities. challenging that law in Pennsylvania. I’m The President. I think we should certainly sorry, I just disagree with it. reconsider the status quo in terms of Fed- And I think that contributes to a weaken- eral aid to cities. And that’s one of the ing of the family, too. So, I have a dif- things we’ve been trying to do by offering ference. I come down on the side of the people HOPE, Home Ownership for People sanctity of life, and others look at it quite Everywhere, for offering them enterprise differently. But the matter is in the courts, zones that would actually bring businesses and then we’ll see what happens. I don’t into the communities. You see, I don’t think know how broad the Supreme Court deci- this is a time for blame, as I said in my sion will be, but at some point it will go remarks. I think it is a time to rethink and back out to the States again. to try some new ideas as to how we cope with the problems of the cities. I think we Urban Aid would all agree that it hasn’t worked. It Q. The New York Times today asserts in hasn’t worked in the last 10 years; it hasn’t its lead editorial that spending on direct aid worked in the last 30. And so we’ve got for cities has fallen by more than 60 per- to do what we can. cent, after adjusting for inflation, since All the time I have to bear in mind, how- 1981. First, how will you explain that statis- ever, because of my concern about the Fed- tic to the people of Los Angeles whom you eral deficit that’s appalling, exactly how will soon be visiting? And second, if many many dollars can be brought to bear in the of them have, in fact, suffered dramatic de- community. And this is one of the reasons clines in economic opportunity in the last I like what Peter Ueberroth is talking—what decade, they will, of course, want to know we’ve tried to be talking about in terms of if recent events have convinced you to re- Points of Light, people, neighbors helping consider your strategies on Federal aid to neighbors, in terms of block grants and cities. fewer mandated programs. The President. Well, first place, I’d like One of the places that I may have a dif- to look at the New York Times editorial. ference with the New York Times editorial I have asked the Director of OMB to give page, and there may be others, relates to me the amounts by which Federal spending the concept of mandated programs. You has increased, and it’s increased dramati- see, every Governor, every Governor comes cally. We may be being judged by whether to Washington and says, ‘‘Do not mandate you should put money into these hopeless any more programs. Please do not pass pro- projects of bricks and mortar that we saw grams that tell me as Governor or my may- rot in St. Louis, for example, and deny ev- ors as mayors how they have to spend the erybody dignity. money.’’ So, we have a proposal for a sub- If you can pick out a program like that stantial block grant that has been pending one and say spending is down, you’re cor- in the United States Congress, and maybe rect. What we’ve tried to do is bring it to that time has come to think new thoughts bear in different ways. We’ve tried for block and to try that one. grants that leave the individual communities So I would tell them: Look, I’m not happy to have a better shot. But overall, I can with the status quo, and clearly you’re not certify to you that spending is up. So, I’d happy with the status quo, so let’s try some have to see exactly what it is that the New new ideas. Let’s try some change. And this York Times is talking about. isn’t any time for demagoguery or blame.

707 May 6 / Administration of George Bush, 1992

In my view, it’s a time to go out and sen- there was Learnfare, there was Workfare, sibly and sensitively survey the situation, do as a part of their reform program. Some what I have suggested here, which is to were upset because in the program it sug- bring the Federal resources to bear on the gests that if you curtail payments after so problem, and then say: Look, let’s turn over many children that that would be cruel. a new leaf, and let’s see what will heal. And Others are saying that that’ll be a disincen- all the time remembering that we cannot tive for families that are going to just be condone lawlessness and violence. And so on welfare and be there for decades. But we can separate that out. I will do what let’s see it work. This was passed by the the Federal Government can do to support Wisconsin Legislature. Let’s see it work. the local police, to support the mayors, to So, the Federal role predominantly is to support the Governors in their requests for provide the flexibility to the States that are support for keeping the peace. So, that’s required. But underlying my own philoso- one. phy is this concept of work incentive, learn- And then the other: What do you do ing incentive. And I’d like to see us really about the problems? How do you bring go forward on this program because therein, hope where there has been hopelessness? I think, lies the answer. I do not think that And I think my challenge now is to find you’re going to design one-size-fits-all wel- a package of answers that will at least give fare legislation out of Washington, DC. these people that you’re talking about a shot We’ve got to get past this view. And it’s at something new. And I am not pessimistic tough in an election year when you hear about it. I really believe that in our country all the promises of these grand designs, sometimes out of despair or out of gloom which means just more Federal spending. comes real opportunity. That’s the way I’m I’m sorry, but I don’t think the highly cen- going to approach it, with no rancor in my tralized Federal answers work, and I don’t heart, and do what we can to help. think that they need the support of people And I must tell you, I am very pleased that are hurting, in the future. at the reaction from both the Governor and So, this one on welfare, we’re trying this the Mayor about the Federal response. It diffused, decentralized approach, underpin- is not easy when you want the Federal Gov- ning it as the kind of philosophy I’ve out- ernment to be a partner, but you don’t want lined for you. But I think it’ll be well-reit to dominate. I think we’ve handled it right ceived by the American people, and I wish in terms of putting down the violence. And those in Wisconsin who are starting with I hope we’re handling it right in terms of this waiver the greatest success with their compassionate help to people that des- approach. perately need it. Q. Mr. President, we thank you very Q. Mr. President, if we have time for one much for taking time out of your schedule more question—— to join us, and we wish you well on your Welfare Reform trip to Los Angeles. The President. Thank you, Bob. Thank Q. My question is, you have indicated that you very much. there are some basic flaws with our current welfare system, and that they are related to the crisis in Los Angeles. What are your specific ideas for welfare reform, and how will they relate to that crisis? Note: The President spoke at 1:50 p.m. via The President. The best answer on wel- satellite from Room 459 of the Old Execu- fare reform is to give the States the flexibil- tive Office Building to the American News- ity through the waiver process to innovate. paper Publishers Association convention in And that’s exactly what we’ve done now New York City. In his remarks, he referred with the State of Wisconsin. We have in- to Robert F. Erburu, association chairman; vited other States to send in requests for Peter Ueberroth, chairman of the Rebuild waivers so that we can let them innovate. L.A. Committee; and Jim Burke, chairman In the Wisconsin program, for example, of the Partnership for a Drug-Free America.

708 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / May 6

Exchange With Reporters Prior to Discussions With President Rafael Callejas of Honduras May 6, 1992

Legislation on Social Programs got grossly misinterpreted. Q. Mr. President, do you think your feel- So I don’t want to discuss it anymore. ings about the blame game have been mis- I’ve got a distinguished visitor and a good interpreted? friend here. The man is doing a first-class The President. I hope not. I’ve made it job down there, and we’ve got some busi- very clear. you heard me speak on it. I hope ness to talk about. it’s clear. Q. You’re not taking him to the wood- Q. Your remarks on Monday and your shed—Marlin? spokesman’s remarks? The President. Absolutely not. The President. My remarks on Monday Q. Do you think that Clinton’s playing about what? politics—— Q. Blaming Congress for not passing your The President. Helen [Helen Thomas, programs. United Press International], you’re out of The President. Well, I’d like to get them here. Come on. We’ve got to go to work. passed. But I really don’t think this is the time for blame; I think this is a time to Note: The exchange began at 3:15 p.m. in move forward. And I think what Marlin said the Oval Office at the White House.

Statement by Deputy Press Secretary Smith on the President’s Meeting With President Rafael Callejas of Honduras May 6, 1992

The President met this afternoon with tion to the President for the generous assist- President Rafael Callejas of Honduras. The ance to his country from the United States, President congratulated him on the success including substantial debt relief. He indi- of his 2-year-old economic reform program. cated that he remains committed to the He praised President Callejas’ efforts to re- market-oriented economic reforms that duce tariffs, thereby opening Honduras’ have begun to spur economic growth in markets and increasing its trade. The Presi- Honduras. He thanked the President for his dent thanked President Callejas for his ef- firm support for liberalized trade in agricul- forts to strengthen democracy and economic tural products in the ongoing GATT trade integration in the region. negotiations. President Callejas expressed his apprecia-

Message to the Congress Transmitting the Report of the Corporation for Public Broadcasting May 6, 1992

To the Congress of the United States: I transmit herewith the Annual Report of In accordance with the Communications the Corporation for Public Broadcasting for Act of 1934, as amended (47 U.S.C. 396(i)), Fiscal Year 1991 and the Inventory of the

709 May 6 / Administration of George Bush, 1992

Federal Funds Distributed to Public Tele- The White House, communications Entities by Federal De- May 6, 1992. partments and Agencies: Fiscal Year 1991.

GEORGE BUSH

Letter to Congressional Leaders Reporting on the Cyprus Conflict May 6, 1992

Dear Mr. Speaker: (Dear Mr. Chairman:) of progress, the Secretary General’s nego- In accordance with Public Law 95–384 tiators returned to New York on February (22 U.S.C. 2373(c)), I am submitting to you 7. this bimonthly report on progress toward a On February 10, I discussed the Cyprus negotiated settlement of the Cyprus ques- issue with Prime Minister Demirel during tion. This report covers January and Feb- his official visit to Washington. He repeated ruary and, for the sake of continuity, the his assurances that Turkey wanted a Cyprus first 10 days of March 1992. settlement and would work cooperatively in As reported in my last letter to you on support of the U.N. Secretary General’s this subject, we were in contact with the good-offices mission in an effort to obtain U.N. Cyprus negotiators at the end of 1991 such a solution. He gave similar assurances in preparation for the installation on January directly to Secretary General Boutros Ghali 1 of the new U.N. Secretary General, Mr. 3 days later in New York. Boutros Ghali. On January 3, the first full The Secretary General’s Cyprus nego- U.N. workday in 1992, the U.S. Special Cy- tiators returned to Ankara on February 17. prus Coordinator, Nelson Ledsky, consulted After meeting with representatives of the in New York with the new Secretary Gen- Government of Turkey, they expressed con- eral on how to proceed during Ambassador cern that Turkey appeared to be placing Ledsky’s projected trip to Ankara, Nicosia, conditions on the continuation of the nego- and Athens. tiation along lines put forward earlier by the Ambassador Ledsky was in the Eastern Turkish Cypriots. Moreover, these condi- Mediterranean from January 7 through Jan- tions seemed to go beyond the mandate uary 17, and during that time he received conferred on the Secretary General by the assurances from Prime Minister Demirel of U.N. Security Council as reaffirmed in U.N. Turkey, the leadership of the two Cypriot Security Council Resolutions 649 (1990) communities, and Prime Minister Mitsotakis and 716 (1991). of Greece that the parties were committed On March 3, Under Secretary of State to proceed with the U.N.-sponsored settle- Arnold Kanter met with Prime Minister ment process, taking up where it had left Demirel in Ankara. During their discussions off in the late summer of 1991. of Cyprus, Under Secretary Kanter reiter- By the end of January, the U.N. nego- ated the desire of the United States for the tiators had themselves returned to the area success of the U.N. Secretary General’s ef- and began their first round of consultations forts to resolve peacefully, fairly, and per- in 1992 with the Governments of Greece manently the Cyprus problem. Under Sec- and Turkey and the leadership of the two retary Kanter had assured Greek Foreign Cypriot communities. This round ended Minister Samaras of the same commitment without progress when, due to the illness in Athens on February 29. Prime Minister of Turkish Cypriot Leader Rauf Denktash, Demirel told Under Secretary Kanter that the Turkish Cypriots were unable to address he understood the U.S. position and that substantively the issues contained in the any impression that Turkey had reversed Secretary General’s ‘‘set of ideas’’ for a Cy- itself on the Secretary General’s good-of- prus settlement. Disappointed by this lack fices mission was a result of a misunder-

710 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / May 6 standing by the U.N. negotiators of Turkey’s I continue to believe that the Secretary position. General’s efforts provide the only peaceful On March 10, at the meeting of the means of reaching a permanent settlement North Atlantic Cooperation Council in of the Cyprus issue. Further, I believe that Brussels, Secretary of State Baker met sepa- the Secretary General’s ‘‘set of ideas’’ can rately with Foreign Minister Cetin of Tur- and should be an appropriate basis for mov- key and Foreign Minister Samaras of ing forward. It is my hope that the next Greece. He received assurances that Greece few months will see progress in this worth- and Turkey are committed to support the while effort. Secretary General’s Cyprus good-offices Sincerely, mission. Having received these assurances, GEORGE BUSH Ambassador Ledsky travelled to the Eastern Mediterranean once again on March 17 to Note: Identical letters were sent to Thomas discuss with the parties in greater detail the S. Foley, Speaker of the House of Represent- U.N. Secretary General’s ‘‘set of ideas’’ for atives, and Claiborne Pell, chairman of the a Cyprus settlement. Senate Committee on Foreign Relations.

Presidential Determination No. 92–25—Memorandum on Trade With Certain Former Soviet Republics May 6, 1992

Memorandum for the Secretary of State and Uzbekistan will substantially promote Subject: Determination under Section the objectives of section 402. 402(c)(2)(A) of the Trade Act of 1974, as You are authorized and directed to pub- amended—Azerbaijan, Georgia, Kazakhstan, lish this determination in the Federal Reg- Moldova, Ukraine, and Uzbekistan ister. Pursuant to section 402(c)(2)(A) of the GEORGE BUSH Trade Act of 1974, as amended (the ‘‘Act’’) (19 U.S.C. 2432(c)(2)(A)), I determine that [Filed with the Office of the Federal Reg- a waiver by Executive order of the applica- ister, 11:07 a.m., May 22, 1992] tion of subsections (a) and (b) of section 402 of the Act with respect to Azerbaijan, Note: The Executive order of June 3 is listed Georgia, Kazakhstan, Moldova, Ukraine, in Appendix E at the end of this volume.

Message to the Congress on Trade With Certain Former Soviet Republics May 6, 1992

To the Congress of the United States: Ukraine, and Uzbekistan will substantially Pursuant to section 402(c)(2)(A) of the promote the objectives of section 402. Trade Act of 1974, as amended (the ‘‘Act’’) A copy of that determination is enclosed. (19 U.S.C. 2432(c)(2)(A)), I have determined I have also received assurances with respect that a waiver of the application of subsections to the emigration practices of Azerbaijan, (a) and (b) of section 402 with respect to Georgia, Kazakhstan, Moldova, Ukraine, Azerbaijan, Georgia, Kazakhstan, Moldova, and Uzbekistan required by section

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402(c)(2)(B) of the Act. This message con- Uzbekistan. stitutes the report to the Congress required GEORGE BUSH by section 402(c)(2). Pursuant to section 402(c)(2), I shall The White House, waive by Executive order the application of May 6, 1992. subsections (a) and (b) of section 402 of the Act with respect to Azerbaijan, Georgia, Note: The Executive order of June 3 is listed Kazakhstan, Moldova, Ukraine, and in Appendix E at the end of this volume.

Nomination of Robert E. Gribbin III To Be United States Ambassador to the Central African Republic May 6, 1992

The President today announced his inten- the U.S. Department of State, 1985–88; and tion to nominate Robert E. Gribbin III, of a Congressional Fellow for Representative Alabama, a career member of the Senior Stephen Solarz, 1984–85. From 1981 to Foreign Service, class of Counselor, to be 1984, Mr. Gribbin served as a Principal Of- Ambassador of the United States to the ficer in the United States Consulate in Central African Republic. He would suc- Mombasa, Kenya. ceed Daniel Howard Simpson. Mr. Gribbin graduated from the Univer- Currently Mr. Gribbin is a participant in sity of the South (B.A., 1968) and School the Senior Seminar at the U.S. Department of Advanced International Studies (M.A., of State. Prior to this, he served as Deputy 1973). He was born February 5, 1946, in Chief of Mission at the U.S. Embassy in Durham, NC. Mr. Gribbin is married, has Kampala, Uganda, 1988–91; Deputy Direc- two children, and resides in Springfield, VA. tor of the Office of East African Affairs at

Nomination of Peter Jon deVos To Be United States Ambassador to Tanzania May 6, 1992

The President today announced his inten- addition, Ambassador deVos has served as tion to nominate Peter Jon deVos, of Flor- the U.S. Ambassador to the People’s Re- ida, a career member of the Senior Foreign public of Mozambique, 1983–87; and as the Service, class of Minister-Counselor, to be U.S. Ambassador to the Republic of Guin- Ambassador of the United States to the ea-Bissau and the Republic of Cape Verde, United Republic of Tanzania. He would 1980–83. succeed Edmund DeJarnette, Jr. Ambassador deVos graduated from Currently Ambassador deVos serves as Princeton University (B.A., 1960) and Johns the U.S. Ambassador to the Republic of Li- Hopkins University (M.A., 1962). He was beria. Prior to this, he served as Principal born December 24, 1938, in San Diego, Deputy Assistant Secretary of State at the CA. Ambassador deVos is married and re- Bureau of Oceans and International Envi- sides in Cabin John, MD. ronmental and Scientific Affairs, 1989–90; and as Deputy Assistant Secretary of State for Science and Technology, 1987–89. In

712 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / May 6

Remarks on Arrival in Los Angeles, California May 6, 1992

Well, I’m very pleased to be here in Los running, and FEMA’s 800 assistance num- Angeles and thankful to see that calm has ber is ready right now to receive calls in returned to the city; glad to receive that a wide array of languages: English, Spanish, report just now from the Mayor, members Chinese, Thai, Korean, Vietnamese, and La- of the city council, and from the Governor. otian. In addition, FEMA will assist the As I think back today to what I said last public sector in repairing and restoring pub- Friday, I do think of the oath that I took lic utilities like water and electricity that are when I entered the office, the Constitution’s absolutely essential to everyday life. charge to every President to ‘‘insure domes- Beyond these emergency grants, we will tic Tranquility.’’ This I know: We can never provide SBA loans, disaster loans they’re condone violence, because without peace called, up to $500,000 for physical damage there certainly can be no hope. We cannot and lost inventory. Homeowners and renters begin to move forward, could not begin to are also eligible for assistance under SBA rebuild until the violence had stopped and for programs up to $100,000 for damage the order restored. We’ve met the first mis- and losses. Preliminary estimates indicate sion, and I salute those who have partici- that roughly $300 million in loans will be pated in it. And now, the good people of made in this area. south central L.A. are free to come out All told, aid to speed the recovery process from behind those closed doors to begin could total approximately $600 million. This the difficult but extremely important process of rebuilding the city. assistance will help get boarded-up and burned-out businesses open again, up and Tomorrow I’ll be meeting with commu- running. It will help people clean up the nity leaders, with some citizens, to see and streets, help the individuals and families speak with the people who have firsthand knowledge of last week’s tragic events. I will who lost their home and all their belongings assure them, as I can assure all the citizens to cope with this most personal of tragedies. of Los Angeles: The Federal Government Finally, the Department of Agriculture is committed to help this city, help this city has arranged for delivery of over 2,000 cases rebuild. of rice cereal, over 2,000 cases of infant Let me focus just for a moment on the formula, nearly 250 cases of nonfat dry milk, actions that we’re taking at the Federal level and continues to assess the emergency food to help. Through my Presidential disaster needs. declaration, FEMA, that’s the Federal This is a good beginning. The urgent Emergency Management Agency, will make need for assistance must not obscure the an estimated $300 million in assistance magnitude of the larger challenge that we available to individuals and families in the face. Beyond these short-term actions, we city and county of Los Angeles. It will make must bring hope and opportunity to our grants directly to people hit hardest by the inner cities. The aim must not simply be violence, personal grants up to $11,500 to to recreate what we had but to build some- meet urgent needs like food and clothing thing better in its place. There must be no and medicine. Now, these grants will also return to the status quo. Too often in the help with temporary housing, money for re- past, we’ve measured our compassion the pair to homes with minimal damage, and wrong way, by budgets and bureaucracies to provide shelter for those families who instead of how many poor people have per- lost their homes. We’re also helping with manently escaped poverty. So this must end. crisis counseling and disaster unemployment And there’s no question, the Federal Gov- assistance for those who are now without ernment has a terribly important, a fun- jobs as a result of the disaster. damental role in ending poverty and despair A disaster field office is already up and in our cities. But the time really has

713 May 6 / Administration of George Bush, 1992 come to try a new way. So we need to let put their own safety at risk to help others: poor families take back control of their lives Thank God for what you did. You did more by making our commitment to end poverty than simply save a life. You gave a Nation and despair greater than ever before. great cause for hope. And you proved So this time, we’ve got to make certain amidst the hate and the horror that this is to put the Government on the side of op- still the City of the Angels. portunity, on the side of human dignity, on I salute the local officials. I’m very grate- the side of hope. Anything less would really ful to the Mayor and the others who are be a disservice to the people of Los Angeles here to greet me, from the city council to who need our help. Anything less would be our Governor. I’ve listed what the Federal unworthy of our great country. Government can do, but we recognize this In 5 short days, Los Angeles has made is a team effort. I understand that on the great strides, and the number of people who ground already is a fantastic volunteer oper- deserve thanks runs up into the tens of ation, one to stimulate the volunteer sector, thousands: The firefighters, the police offi- and we salute those who are working in that cers who worked hours on end. There’s this way, too. enormous corps of volunteers, I’m told, the So it’s a pleasure to be here. I know I churches, the churchgoers, those out in the will learn a lot from what I see. And I salute communities organizing. The many people those, all of them standing right here with known and unknown who came to the aid me, incidentally, who have worked tirelessly of people that were hurt, people in need, night and day to restore order and to return who stepped forward to stop the violence, the city to a city of hope. Thank you all to save a life. very, very much. Let me say something, something I promised myself I’d say the moment we got here, say this to every one of the people who Note: The President spoke at 8:50 p.m. at reached out across the barriers of color and Los Angeles International Airport.

Remarks at Mount Zion Missionary Baptist Church in Los Angeles May 7, 1992

Thank you, Reverend Hill. Let me just nationally, I keep coming back in my own say to his parishioners and to his fellow thinking to the importance of the church, members of the clergy that we Bushes have the importance of our faith. Then Reverend great respect for your pastor, respect for Massey talked about this is no time for what he stands for, respect for his leader- blame, and he’s right about that. This is ship, and respect for his emphasis on family not a time for blame, and I am not here values. in the mode of politics. I am not here in I listened to the prayers with wonder, ad- the mode of partisanship. I am not here miration. I think we got a pretty good start, in the mode of blame. I’m here to learn don’t you, with Miss Elmore singing, but from the community and at this moment I heard what His Eminence Cardinal to tell you of the values that I strongly be- Mahoney said about racial tension. We must lieve in. address that. What Bishop McMurray and When Reverend Hill and other national Dr. Billy Ingram said about healing, we’ve leaders came last Friday to the White got to address that; what Dr. Massey said House, I reminded the group of what about the importance of the church. And Mayor Tom Bradley and other mayors, as you look at the chaos and turmoil in this country, not just in the wake of the riots urban mayors, rural mayors, had to tell me of Los Angeles but all the problems we face not so many months ago. They told me of in the country, the problems we face inter- their concerns for their cities, their munici-

714 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / May 7 palities. But they came together on one key wrong. Government cannot do that. We can point: They told me that their major con- try, those of us in public life, to set reason- cern about the problems in the cities was ably good examples of family and faith. But the decline of the American family, the fact the values have to be taught, and the church that the family is weaker today. I think that has a tremendously important role on that. we have simply got to find ways to help I think that when Barbara reads to kids strengthen the American family. This that she is emphasizing not just the impor- church does that for the immediate family; tance of education that we all believe in, all of your churches do that for the families so many of you working with children, but of your parishioners. But we’ve got to she’s emphasizing the importance of the broaden it out. role of grandparents; even more, the impor- This church brings the generations, tance of love. grandparents, great-grandparents, and grandkids, here to work within this To struggle against hard times, to over- church—that strengthens the American come the devastation of poverty, of racism, family—and to give the kids not only indoc- or of riots, we need our family. We need trination into faith and into the teachings our own family. We need our church family. of the Lord, but the church helps kids un- And we must find ways to strengthen Amer- derstand the larger family. We are one Na- ica as a family. Back to what the Cardinal tion under God. We must remember that. said, we are embarrassed by interracial vio- We must advocate that. We must continue lence and prejudice. We’re ashamed. We to state that we are one Nation under God. should take nothing but sorrow out of all And we are our brother’s keeper, not to of that and do our level-best to see that keep him back, not to keep him down, but it’s eliminated from the American dream. to keep him well and to keep him safe and A family that respects the law, a family that to give him a shot at the American dream. can lift others up. Family values, that means respect for one We need a family that is truly committed another, and it does mean honor thy mother to faith, for again, we are one Nation under and thy father. God; a family that says ‘‘I’m my brother’s I talked to Barbara this morning and told keeper.’’ But it’s here, it was here in the her a little bit—I didn’t know it fully— ugliest moments of the rioting, the brother’s about what Reverend E.V. Hill had in store keeper aspect. I saw it in a police station for all of us today, but particularly for me. just now. God bless the honest policemen He had failed to point out that he had the that are defending the families of the neigh- distinguished leaders of various denomina- borhood, all of them. But the message they tions here and that I would be flanked be- got to me this morning was a little different hind me by people who are active pastors than the one that I see in that first 2 min- in the wonderful churches of this area. And utes on the evening news. This was a mes- she told me, she said, ‘‘You’ve got your nerve. You’ve got a lot of nerve to stand sage of forgiving and healing, how neighbors up in front of all those people and tell them had called in and said, ‘‘Here’s where you what you think about values.’’ But I’m going can go and pick up some looted goods,’’ to try anyway. [Laughter] or brought them to the police station so I do want to single out Reverend Jones that they could be returned to their owners. and Mrs. Jones for what they do, reaching We don’t hear enough of that kind of family across the States, bringing help to others. action or that kind of fellowship. That’s family. That’s God’s family. Family Another pastor, Reverend Bennie New- values means the church must continue to ton, laid his life on the line for his brother. teach the kids right from wrong. He saw a man literally beaten into the I was over at a supermarket, and the guy ground, and he waded through the fray, and with tears in his eyes was telling me, ‘‘One he laid his body on top of the victim until of my own employees came in and took the beating stopped. And here’s what he stuff out of this store.’’ He couldn’t under- said. He said, ‘‘My heart was crying.’’ But stand it. We’ve got to teach right from the bottom line is, he saved that man’s

715 May 7 / Administration of George Bush, 1992 life. He was his brother’s keeper. These are a burnt-out area in Los Angeles; it isn’t the stories that I think America needs to California. It is the entire country. That’s know about. We saw the violence. We’ve where everyone in this room, everyone in seen the hatred. And we’ve got to heal, to this hallowed sanctuary comes in. We’ve got see the love. to find ways to do that. We’ve got to fight Los Angeles is going to recover. This is against discrimination. We’ve got to con- a great city. And I have pledged to the Gov- tinue to speak out against bigotry. We’ve ernor, to the Mayor the full support of the got to fight for justice and equality. And Federal Government. And if I might take on this National Day of Prayer it is fitting one mention of personal pride here to say that we pray to God to help us. that I’m very pleased the way these Depart- Abraham Lincoln was right, you can’t do ments in the Federal Government have reit alone. If we asked him what he did in sponded. Not to preempt, not to get credit, times of turmoil—you think of the problems again, not to assign blame but to supple- he faced—he said, ‘‘I spent a lot of my time ment the work in the communities, the on my knees.’’ We have to understand that work of the Mayor, the work of the council, that faith is still terribly important to lead- and the work of the Governor. And I’m ers, terribly important to citizens that lead proud that Lou Sullivan, our Secretary of these communities. HHS, and Jack Kemp, our Secretary of So I pray to God that He will give us HUD, are here today. And many others the strength and the wisdom to bring the wanted to be with me, but somebody had family together, the American family. Bar- to mind the store back there. bara and I pray that our personal family Now Los Angeles will recover. I believe and your personal families will be engulfed it is well on its way to recovery, thanks to in God’s love and that every kid will have what the local government and the State someone who knows his name and really government and this Federal presence are cares about him. doing. And as Los Angeles comes back to One little 4-year-old girl, maybe you its glory, all of us must ask ourselves: What heard the story, Ryan Bennett, prayed spe- can we do to help? This is no time to out- cial prayers as she saw her neighborhood line Federal programs. This is a National riddled with bullets, her candy store de- Day of Prayer. This is a day to give our stroyed. And Ryan said, ‘‘I asked God if thanks. But we will do what we can to help He could make it so it’s not dark anymore.’’ and to assist and to lead in this reconcili- Let this Nation vow to help that it won’t ation. To truly help, we’ve got to understand be dark. the agony of the depressed. You can’t solve the problem if you don’t feel its heartbeat. Note: The President spoke at 9:10 a.m. In You’ve got to understand the hopelessness his remarks, he referred to Edward V. Hill, of those who literally have had no oppor- pastor of Mount Zion Missionary Baptist tunity. Church; Robert W. McMurray, bishop of Trucks bringing food and bricks and mor- the 16th episcopal district of the Apostolic tar are rolling into Los Angeles. And this Church; Billy Ingram, pastor of Maranatha city will be rebuilt. And I am confident that Church; Floyd Massey, pastor of Macedonia new opportunities will arise. But all across Baptist Church; and Larry Jones, president this Nation, we’ve got to renew our fight of Feed the Children International in Okla- to strengthen the American family. It isn’t homa City, OK, and his wife, Frances.

716 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / May 7

Remarks in a Roundtable Discussion With Leaders of the African- American Community in Los Angeles May 7, 1992

Rev. Edward V. Hill. May I give the to examine, to see if civil rights of anybody ground rules, please. The persons who are have been violated, King or anybody, Rod- seated in this assembly have been selected, ney King or anyone else, that there be fair- a cross from young people to business peo- play and equity there. ple to leaders. The President wanted to But having said all that, let me tell you meet just a few. He will not have an oppor- something, and you know it better than I. tunity to hear a long question, but if you There is no way, really, I guess, that the can make short your statement, the Presi- President can come here in an every-4-year dent of the United States would like to hear situation and not have it be accused by you. some of being political. I don’t want it to Mr. President, we are honored again to be political. I want to get by this. We’ve have you. got plenty of time later on in the year for The President. Reverend Hill, let me— the politics. I want to hear from you, just I would never, ever correct E.V. Hill, espe- all the bark off as to what you think we cially in his own church in its centennial can do, and please speak frankly about it. year, but rather than questions, and I will If your comments have a political ring it be glad to answer them, what I really would will not offend because, as I say, it’s a hard like to get is the heartbeat of the commu- year to stay out of it. But we’re here to nity, hear from you all as to what you think help, and we’re here to learn. And that’s can best help, where matters stand. it. It’s hard on a short visit to get all this. I will assure you, and I hope that Pete, sit- [A participant spoke on local oversight of ting here, and Tom Bradley would agree, funding allocations.] that we have tried to bring Federal re- The President. That’s a good opening sources to bear in a timely fashion. It’s been comment. done pretty low-key in the sense that the [A participant requested assistance to re- Federal officers out here have been not build his small business.] seeking a limelight. But under David Kearns they’ve put together a good task The President. May I make a comment force. And I’ve been very gratified that the on that, Reverend? leaders, both from city council and the May- Reverend Hill. Yes. or’s office, as well as the Governor’s office, The President. Because there are a lot of feel the Federal Government is responding, others like you, and you’re not here as a whether it’s from FEMA or whether it’s special pleader. The Federal Government from Jack Kemp’s HUD or whether it’s can in a situation like this be of real assist- from Lou Sullivan’s HHS or the Depart- ance. It is largely through SBA, but perhaps ment of Education. Leading the fray was other facilities, Agencies can help, too. Pat Saiki, out here very early for the SBA, Clearly this is one, this type of experience small business loans. is one where the Federal Government has So I don’t want to go into all these pro- resources available, pumping them in now. grams, although I’d be glad to have our ex- I outlined the programs last night. I won’t perts respond to any questions on them at go through them here, although Pat Saiki all. But what I’d like to do is, first, to say is here now. And to others like you whose thank you; second, to let you know that jus- life has gone up in smoke, we can get assist- tice will prevail, that we will follow through ance, no strings attached to it, largely with my responsibilities under the law, and through SBA but not only SBA. the Department of Justice is following And so we can get, in your case obviously, through on the justice side of the equation somebody in touch with you. But others

717 May 7 / Administration of George Bush, 1992 like you, the Small Business Administration Participant. Dereke. and other Federal Agencies can help. I The President. Yes, Dereke. He was tell- know that Pete or Tom Bradley can speak ing me this morning, he was the one I was for the city. But this is clearly one where referring to about who saw one of his own we have the resources. employees taking stuff out of the store. We [A participant spoke on local investment in went around and talked about the owner- the rebuilding effort.] ship and the different facilities there. One was a dentist’s office. The dentist and his The President. Let me comment on that wife stood out there with a dog trying to one. I strongly agree with that concept, and we will, again, push for the concept at the keep people from coming in and taking— Federal level. But I am told by city officials where is he—Dr. Faulkner right here. An that you are absolutely correct, that where amazing story. But why? Maybe that one ownership has been involved, there has is messed up because it was next door to been much more respect for property. And a supermarket where people can go and get certainly this concept of ownership in the food. But why the 100 Black Men, why community, the businesses, is something I would somebody destroy that building? Can strongly endorse. And we will find ways to you—— implement that at the Federal level, I Participant. The only thing that I think promise you. that it might have had—the city was leasing [A participant spoke on assistance for com- the building. It might have had the city em- munity child development programs. An- blem up there, I don’t know. But I want other participant spoke on the dissemination to just conclude with the fact that the of information about available assistance.] Young Black Scholars, a model program that is really being modeled by the State now The President. The things we’re trying to with senate bill 1114, and it also reflects work out for the Federal Government is the Education 2000 vision that you are real- that kind of, like a what you call a one- ly pushing forward. stop-shopping approach. And David Kearns, who is our number two in the Department [A participant spoke on job training. An- of Education—some may remember him other participant spoke on Federal aid for through his work with the Urban League infrastructure improvements and employ- and others when he was the chairman of ment of arrested rioters in cleanup efforts.] Xerox, a very large company, but a great The President. Thank you, sir. manager—is working that problem right now. And it would include not just the kind [A participant spoke on minority business of services that this lady talked about, but opportunity. Another participant asked all of it, including what the private sector about small business loans for rebuilding can do to help. I know Peter Ueberroth’s churches.] getting involved in that, and we have a national office on that. But I think that the The President. I think the answer would plea here is a very good one for letting peo- be yes, but do you know the answer to that, ple know what’s out there. Pat, whether SBA can apply to the reconstruction of churches? [A participant spoke on the destruction of Administrator Saiki. We’ll look into it, community organization facilities.] Mr. President. The President. May I ask you a question The President. She doesn’t know offhand, before you sit down? And it may be an im- but it ought to and we ought—there’s a possible one to answer. But here’s 100 place, if we need change, there’s something Black Men, a respected organization that we ought to change. has no enemies. Why would someone target—no matter what the rage, why would [A participant spoke on youth programs tar- somebody target that building? We’ve seen geted at gang members. Another participant this gentleman—what’s your name again? spoke on comprehensive, prevention-

718 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / May 7 oriented aid and mentoring programs. ful. We will keep on it to see that we are. Other participants spoke on welfare reform, You might ask her just on this one spe- job discrimination, educational development cific—right behind you—because that is the programs, and family involvement in edu- underlying as to what we’re trying to do cation. Another participant asked about the here, and it is very, very important in the processing time for SBA loans.] reconstruction. The President. No, we have given instructions to Pat Saiki, who is here, to speed Note: The discussion began at 9:30 a.m. at this process up. Now, I hope we’re success- Mount Zion Missionary Baptist Church.

Remarks in a Roundtable Discussion With Leaders of the Korean Community in Los Angeles May 7, 1992

The President. Are you going to say some- And with that in mind, it means I want thing, or do you want me to go ahead? Let to help. It means the Federal Government me just say thank you to the community is prepared to help in every way we possibly leaders assembled here. And let me single can. out Mr. Lee for his hospitality not just to I want to go back to the volunteer con- us today, to Secretary Sullivan, the Gov- cept that I mentioned a minute ago. That ernor, Senator Seymour, Secretary Kemp, is also part of the American way. I’m sure Pat Saiki of SBA, but to so many. it’s part of the Korean way as well. But This place has become not just a com- when you see one American reaching out mand center in times of turmoil, turmoil to another in times of hardship, that is one that every American regrets. This President, I’ll tell you, my heart aches for those who of the things I think is very precious about have lost their jobs. But this community is our society. And the spirit of those volun- strong. I wish all you guys would walk with teers out there, it’s amazing. One of them me—maybe you’ve been there and seen the actually hit me up for a little donation. volunteers in the next building. It’s unbe- [Laughter] I might say I understood per- lievable, 200 out there this very day, 200 fectly, and in a modest way was able to to be trained; 180 of the 200, I’m told, are contribute to this volunteer sector. CPA’s willing to pitch in to help do what’s Let me just go into a couple of problems. necessary to reconstruct. This has been a command center. I under- I look at this in a very broad sense, not stand that some in the community were un- only in terms of families that were hurt but happy by the location of the disaster relief in terms of international. I think most peo- center. And by early next week, that unhap- ple here will concede and rejoice in the piness should give way because we are fact that we have good relations with Korea, going to have a new, acceptable location to something I take great pride in, incidentally. serve the needs of the community. And I I think people in Korea share the same understand that not having forms in Korean hurt that all of us do when they look and is a problem, and now there’s efforts going see this community of enterprising individ- on to be sure that those forms are printed uals that David reminds us came here, what, in a way that can be understood in Korean some 25 years ago, some more recently; got in, grabbed a piece of the American dream, so they can be understood by those small and built something. To see it shattered is family operators that have suffered because not the American way. And I will do every- of these uncontrolled forces. thing I can to show our friends abroad as We also realize that translators are a well as here that it’s not the American way. problem, and we are working to provide

719 May 7 / Administration of George Bush, 1992 translators to help with disaster relief. And without jobs. Even though they have their of course, once again I salute the commu- own businesses, some are without work be- nity, because the community is doing some cause those businesses were destroyed. We of that. I just noticed that in here in a vol- have an 800 assistance number that will also unteer sense. There is no way I can tell receive calls in six languages. The Korean you how much I respect what Radio Korea community took it on the chin the most, has done. I happen to be sitting next to I think, but others are hurting, too. So we, its boss. But I will simply say we applaud the Federal Government, and Governor Radio Korea for the support that has con- Wilson, and the Mayor are trying to respond stantly been given to the Korean commu- as best we can to all the hurt out there. nity, the pride that this station reflects when The SBA is also making disaster loans avail- it brings to others what the Korean-Amer- able for business losses, for home damage. ican community stands for. It is wonderful, Those loans could total over $300 million. and we’re grateful to you, sir. And I think All told, the Federal aid to Los Angeles and you’ve acted as a lifeline in a sense in this the surrounding areas here could run in the tragic situation. A couple of people told me range of about $600 million. that as I was walking in. Again, I am delighted to have this oppor- Two immediate concerns, and then I want tunity to come here. And I just hope you to hear from you the priorities. I want to will tell those who are hurt that, one, we be sure that while I’m here I don’t overlook care, and two, we are trying our level-best a priority. Two immediate concerns are: to heal those wounds, to get people back What will the Government do to bring on their feet again. Because when I think about a speedy economic recovery, and of what this country needs, it’s more small what can we do to ease the awful racial businesses, it’s more entrepreneurs, people tension? I spoke about it in a church today, that will come here and take a risk and Reverend E.V. Hill’s church. I think all hopefully earn their share of what we think Americans have to be concerned about both of as the American dream. those points. I know that this American dream is still I want you to know that the situation in real. I’m sure to a businessman, a wife and L.A. is on the minds of all Americans. It a husband, for example, whose business has is not a local situation. What’s happened been closed and brutalized and ruined, he here is not something that we saw for an might wonder: Well, what’s it all about? ugly moment that’ll be forgotten. We’ve got What does this mean? We have got, you to continue to strive for racial harmony and and I—maybe you all can do it best—is for the elimination of discrimination wher- convince those people that are hurting that ever it occurs in this country. And I am the American dream is for real. And you thankful, of course, that the streets are will rebuild, and we’ll be a part of helping safer, with kids back in school, and that you. businesses are reopening. But now we need So that’s what I wanted to say. And to concentrate on a major rebuilding effort. David, I’d love to hear from members of I have signed, as I’m sure you all know, the community and what you think we a declaration, a disaster declaration, having might do to assist. But we care very, very directed FEMA, the Federal Emergency much. And as I say, I want to be the Presi- Management Agency, and Mrs. Saiki and dent to take the signal out around, back the Small Business Administration that she to Korea itself, and say: Look, people got so ably heads to provide immediate assist- hurt in my country, good people, good citi- ance to the victimized parties. Pat can an- zens. But we’re going to make them whole, swer your questions, can give you much and we’re going to give them some hope. more of the detail there. But it is a very So now, I don’t know what the schedule important Agency at this time. is—— FEMA is providing grants for personal Participant. Open for questions and com- needs such as food and clothing and medi- ments. cine, for minor home damage, and unem- The President. Fire away. ployment assistance to those who are now [A participant requested that aid for

720 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / May 7

Korean-American victims go beyond stand- about the enterprise zones. That concept I ard disaster relief guidelines. Another par- think is an idea whose time has come. I’m ticipant spoke on cooperation among ethnic seeing support publicly just in the last few groups in the rebuilding effort.] days from people who have not supported The President. Thank you for your state- it. I have said this is not a time for blame ment. in terms of getting legislation going. But I can tell you, we feel much more optimistic, [A participant asked about the location of and we will be pushing hard to get it done. the FEMA office in Koreatown and the cre- And the Korean-American community is ob- ation of enterprise zones.] viously going to have a piece of the action. The President. Let me answer the first [A participant suggested scholarship assist- one by saying I’m not sure. I know we are ance for victims’ family members, an SBA pledged to move it. I’m looking around for hotline, and waiver of documentation re- somebody to tell me what has been decided. quirements for SBA loans.] But I know there’s been unhappiness with the first. I have this statement saying we The President. Well, on waiving the re- will change it. But you’re saying, in this very quirements, I understand that some of the building? records are just going up in smoke, and Participant. Not actually. Next building. therefore it’s hard to have them. Next one across the street. Participant. That’s right. The President. Well, let me record that The President. Fortunately, we do have and tell our FEMA people who is—— and would have access to the income tax Presidential Aide. Sir, we’re going to be returns. So, there will be a way to verify working with you to identify a suitable loca- a lot of the claims. So, we hope we can tion. It is too premature to know exactly get around this rigid requirement on that where it could be, but we want to work one. closely. The SBA, I don’t know on the hotline. The President. But they’re asking that it I’ll let Pat speak. We will have, I think it could be right across the street. Well, let’s is six offices to not only respond for SBA see what we can do to consider it, if that’s but put this in what we call a one-stop shop- the general feeling. I don’t know if every- ping approach where you have programs body feels that way. from HUD, you’ve got programs from HHS, you have programs from various dif- Participant. That way we could commu- ferent Agencies that can assist different nicate through radio. We have to mobilize parts of all of this. people, mobilize volunteers, and we’d like to be close to the radio station. We would On the third one, we believe that our ap- like to—— proach to education is a good one, America 2000. And on scholarships, I don’t know. The President. We’re trying to. Inciden- Are you talking about a new scholarship tally, on one-stop shopping—slightly dif- program? ferent point—we’ve got a lot of Federal Agencies out here, and we want to have Participant. The individuals who have suf- it as simple as possible. And that’s why we fered the damage, the parents, the Korean- have David Kearns and—out here, who are American parents may be unable to pay for trying to coordinate the Federal effort. But the education of their children. So can you thank you for the comment. set aside some fundings for their children? On the second one, I wish I could tell The President. Let me think about that you the answer. We are going to urge the one. I think we’ve got to be a little aware Congress to move right away on a legisla- of the fact that there’s a big demand for tion. And believe me, it will certainly in- scholarship support all across the country. clude the Korean community. This is a con- But whether it can be done on a set-aside cept that I’ve heard about all day long basis, I just don’t know how the law reads. today. It’s something we’ve been advocating But let me take a look. for a long, long time. We’re now talking [A participant requested assistance for

721 May 7 / Administration of George Bush, 1992 living expenses.] can. And I know it must feel a thousand The President. Thank you. Thank you, miles away, Washington and all the forms David. On the food assistance, there are to fill out. But these comments you have substantial amounts of food coming in made I think sensitize all of us to the need through our Department of Agriculture. I to do our level-best and to move as fast hope that’s arranged so it’s fitting for the as possible. So it’s not in vain. We’ll keep requirements that it will be distributed trying. here. [A participant spoke on efforts to resolve [A participant spoke on Korean-American racial tension.] participation in government and in the re- The President. That’s a very important building process.] statement, Dr. Yang. Let me say this, that The President. Good counsel. Thank you. we had a very interesting meeting with some mayors here. One of them was the [A participant spoke on the magnitude of Mayor of Ingleside. The Mayor of Ingleside the losses, unfavorable media coverage, and told us that he had led that community, the speed of the Federal response.] church leaders, ethnic group leaders, what- The President. Let me comment on that, ever, long before the riots started. He’d had if I might. I don’t know how anybody who meetings with Korean business people or has not been through what you’ve been civic leaders or church leaders, meeting through can say they understand. I don’t with black leaders, Afro-America leaders, know that. I believe that the Federal Gov- and then the elected officials in the commu- ernment response is fast. I’m told by Mayor nity. Bradley, I’m told by the Governor that it’s You see, I am convinced that when you fast. It may not seem fast to somebody that live close in—your second point is right on is hurting—— target—that it is going to have to be the Participant. No, sir. local communities. The Federal Govern- The President. ——but it is fast. Pat Saiki ment can set a tone: no discrimination, rule was out here the very day it happened and out bigotry, hatred, and all of that. But to has already started. So we will keep trying, practice it, it’s going to have to be done and I just wanted you to know. by getting across these lines and by lead- I don’t know about the demonstration last ers—and you and I are saying the same night. I know there were some nice political thing—with the churches in the lead, city shots fired at me which I didn’t appreciate governments being responsive, to get across particularly, but I understand also that it these cultural boundaries. comes from people wanting to get some- And I salute you for what you’ve done. thing done. And that you were mistreated I was in E.V. Hill’s church this morning. there, I feel very, very badly about that be- There were some Korean pastors there. And cause you shouldn’t have been. You were my emphasis was one on the essentiality of expressing your rights as an American. strengthening the American family. In your I don’t know. You say the media mis- community, it is my perception that you treated you. I will certainly apologize for have strong family values. I think you are that. I have no control over it. And you blessed with the strength in family values. know our system, to know that we have no You’ve got to share with whoever is open- control over it. But I guess what I’m trying minded enough to listen. And religious lead- to say is we do care, and we will try very, ers, I think, can do a lot. I’m not trying very hard to help. to avoid responsibility from the Federal And when you get to be President, you Government, but I really think it’s some- do identify with people’s suffering. Today thing that can’t be legislated. This is some- it’s here. And yesterday it was another place thing that really has to happen, come from somewhere in the country, unrelated to the heart, and has to happen through what riots. Tomorrow it will be something else. I think you’re obviously trying to do in your That’s just the way our country is. But I church. And yes, it is longer range. But we will try to be as responsive as I possibly can’t give up on it.

722 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / May 7

And it is not just the Korean community the level at which the action will be taking or the black community; there are others place. So I hope we’ll get this to the com- who feel the same sense of anguish and munity and get that response to you as hurt. We haven’t talked about Hispanics quickly as possible. here. But I think your point is very valid. [A participant spoke on Korean-American [A participant asked about law enforcement participation at decision-making levels of measures after the departure of National government.] Guard units.] The President. I appreciated what my An- The President. May I ask you one? I don’t dover colleague said. We have at least tried want to sound defensive, but why do you to have a better record in terms of numbers assume that I’m only concerned about Bev- of Asian-American appointees, and we’ll erly Hills? keep working on that. Do not make the mistake of thinking that the Federal Govern- [The participant cited media coverage of ment is going to wave a wand and solve Los Angeles.] these problems. You say you don’t have any The President. No, that’s why I asked the elected representative. I’ve heard some real question, because that obviously is some- talent here today. I’ve heard some very able thing local and I hadn’t seen it. But the and articulate voices. And I don’t know how answer clearly is local law enforcement. much participation these voices have tried There’s no other answer. There’s no Federal to have in the local political process. police force in this country, and there will But you don’t need a civics lecture from not be as long as I am President. We don’t me when we’re talking about how you help need that. But we do need to guarantee in a community that’s been ravaged, but to the rights of citizens to be protected under really have the clout and to really effect the law by the local police. The State police the change on matters we’re talking about have some role in this. Federal crime is vio- here today, I think it calls for participation lated, the Feds have some role in it. in the political process, not to give up on What’s happening now is we’re just trying it, not to think Washington can dictate to to guarantee everybody’s civil rights under the local. So maybe there’s some good activ- the civil rights statute. But in terms of the ity in that regard; but if there’s not, I guy that gets beat up at a gas station, that strongly would urge that kind of participa- clearly has to be a renewed effort by the tion. local authorities to guarantee the safety of Participant. I’m primarily concerned the life and limb of American citizens. The about the appointing positions in both local law has got to be totally colorblind in that and in Federal Government. regard, and people have to, local police have The President. That’s not where the to do their level-best. power is. The power with the people, with Participant. But they never did ask for people that are elected, whether they’re us—— low—that’s the only point I’m making. The President. They must do it. They Participant. We were simply saying we’ve must do it. been trying, and we’ll work with you, and [A participant requested the names of Fed- we need your support. eral relief staff members and stressed the The President. Yes. That I agree with. No, need for bilingual staff.] there’s no problem with that. The President. We’re having a meeting to- [A participant spoke on Korean-American night with people like David Kearns who participation in government.] is out here, who came here to set up the— The President. No, I think that’s a very you’re talking about Federal response. good point, and I think that’s where I think Participant. Right, the Federal response. the action is. Whether it’s elected or ap- The President. And out of that, we will pointed, I think that kind of community de- have the names of the people who are going cision-making level is what’s required at this to be staffing these regional centers. That’s juncture. I’m not arguing against Fed-

723 May 7 / Administration of George Bush, 1992 eral appointments, but I’m saying that this something that in some ways people might is where—— just hang back and say, where are the Gov- Participant. Mr. President, I want you to ernment people to do this? These people know that the leadership by election is very are reaching out into the community, trying unfeasible because only people who—per- to find what the problem is, what the loca- sons of the Korean population, the whole tion of the disaster is, and then trying to general election area, how could you think reach out to the agencies to take care of that we expect someone to be elected by those specific cases. the Caucasian, white Caucasian. So appoint- I would certainly continue that kind of ing a position is the one that we can work effort. What these gentlemen were talking with very closely as a part of our education, about is participating in the committees that as a part of channel to work with the Fed- inevitably are formed from the distribution eral Government and local government. of Federal or State assistance. I think that The President. I think that’s important, is very important. And I think what you but please do not give up on the local level, project, how you project the problems— whether it’s appointment to the—what here are people that have come here very Ueberroth is doing, whether it’s representa- recently, settled in with the work ethic, the tion on committees that will come out of family ethic, clearly not just because the how the Federal aid is coordinated or what pastors are here but a sense of faith, and the Governor does. That’s all I’m saying, convey to the community that that is not is I really think—and don’t give up on the dead in spite of the setback. idea that if you only have got a certain per- Now, that’s asking a lot until there are cent, that means nobody else will vote for some remedial action taken, but I sense, you. when I’ve come here, a certain determina- I mean, I was listening. The concept of tion. And I think you’ve got to project that. can we stay here, I have got to help on If you project the defeatism, that we’ve that. Everybody in the community has got been defeated, we’ve been beaten, then I to help to say: Look, this is a setback, this think that is real bad. That’s what you asked, is a serious setback. And I think I maybe what you can do for the community. Again, have more of a responsibility on this point I’ve tried to outline here what the Federal to make clear to the American people that Government and other government entities you’re welcome and that this is an aberra- can do for the community. I think they go tion. This isn’t the American dream. So I’ll hand in hand. try to assist in that as best I can. I did mention this in my speech to the—the [A participant asked about the terms of the heartbreak of the—and I got some messages SBA loans.] back on that. The President. Let me turn to my able [A participant asked what role Korean- assistant, Pat Saiki, who can answer the spe- American community organizations could cifics on that, because I can’t. play in the rebuilding and relief efforts.] The President. What you’re doing. What Note: The President spoke at 2:05 p.m. at I saw when I walked in here is profound. the Radio Korea broadcast studio. In his I mean, this isn’t some passing fantasy when remarks, he referred to Peter Ueberroth, you see all those volunteers out there doing chairman of the Rebuild L.A. Committee.

724 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / May 7

Nomination of William T. Pryce To Be United States Ambassador to Honduras May 7, 1992

The President today announced his inten- During most of his career, he has special- tion to nominate William T. Pryce of Penn- ized in Latin American and Eastern Euro- sylvania to be Ambassador to the Republic pean affairs. His early assignments included of Honduras. He would succeed Cresencio Mexico City, Moscow, and Panama, as well S. Arcos. as service in the Department as Assistant Since 1989 Mr. Pryce has served as Spe- to the Under Secretary of State for Eco- cial Assistant to the President for National nomic Affairs. After serving as Chief of the Security Affairs and Senior Director for political section in the U.S. Embassy in Latin America and the Caribbean at the Na- Guatemala City, Mr. Pryce was assigned in tional Security Council. Before coming to 1974 as Chief of Soviet Programs for the the NSC, Mr. Pryce served as Deputy U.S. State Department’s Bureau of Educational Permanent Representative to the Organiza- and Cultural Affairs. He attended the Na- tion of American States in Washington, DC. tional War College in 1976 prior to serving He served as Deputy Chief of Mission at as executive assistant to Ambassador at the U.S. Embassy in Panama from 1982 to Large Ellsworth Bunker. 1986. Prior to that, he was Deputy Chief Mr. Pryce was born in San Diego, CA, of Mission at the U.S. Embassy in Bolivia and grew up in Ebensburg, PA. He grad- and Counselor for Political Affairs at the uated from Wesleyan University and the U.S. Embassy in Mexico City. Mr. Pryce Fletcher School of Law and Diplomacy. He joined the Foreign Service in 1958 after is married to Joan MacClurg Pryce and has serving in the U.S. Navy from 1954 to 1958. three children.

Nomination of Teresita Currie Schaffer To Be United States Ambassador to Sri Lanka and Maldives May 7, 1992

The President today announced his inten- ment of State. Prior to this, she served at tion to nominate Teresita Currie Schaffer, the Department of State as Director of the of New York, a career member of the Sen- Office of Egyptian Affairs, 1987–89; Direc- ior Foreign Service, class of Minister-Coun- tor of the Office of International Trade, selor, to be Ambassador to the Democratic 1982–84; and as Chief of the Division of Socialist Republic of Sri Lanka and to serve General Commercial Policy, Office of Inter- concurrently and without additional com- national Trade, 1980–82. pensation as Ambassador to the Republic Ms. Schaffer graduated from Bryn Mawr of Maldives. She would succeed Marion V. College (B.A., 1966). She was born Septem- Creekmore, Jr. ber 28, 1945, in Washington, DC. Ms. Since 1989, Ms. Schaffer has served as Schaffer is married, has two children, and Deputy Assistant Secretary for Near Eastern resides in Washington, DC. and South Asian Affairs at the U.S. Depart-

725 May 7 / Administration of George Bush, 1992

Nomination of David C. Fields To Be United States Ambassador to the Marshall Islands May 7, 1992

The President today announced his inten- Republic, 1986–89; Deputy Assistant Sec- tion to nominate David C. Fields, of Cali- retary for Security at the Department of fornia, a career member of the Senior For- State, 1984–86; and as Administrative Coun- eign Service, class of Minister-Counselor, to selor at the American Embassy in London, be Ambassador to the Republic of the Mar- England, 1980–84. shall Islands. He would succeed William Ambassador Fields graduated from Arm- Bodde, Jr. strong College (B.A., 1960). He was born Since 1990, Ambassador Fields has served January 13, 1937, in San Pedro, CA. Ambas- as Director of the Office of Foreign Mis- sador Fields served in the U.S. Army, 1955– sions at the U.S. Department of State in 57. He is married, has two children, and Washington, DC. Prior to this, he served resides in Vienna, VA. as U.S. Ambassador to the Central African

Nomination of William Henry Gerald FitzGerald To Be United States Ambassador to Ireland May 7, 1992

The President today announced his inten- Council of the United States Foundation. tion to nominate William Henry Gerald Mr. FitzGerald founded and was chairman FitzGerald, of the District of Columbia, to of the board of the North American Hous- be Ambassador to Ireland. He would suc- ing Corp., 1972–89. ceed Richard Anthony Moore. Mr. FitzGerald graduated from the U.S. Since 1959, Mr. FitzGerald has served as Naval Academy (B.S., 1931). He was born president of the FitzGerald Corp. in Wash- December 23, 1909, in Boston, MA. Mr. ington, DC. In addition, he serves as vice FitzGerald served in the U.S. Navy, 1941– chairman of the African Development 48. He is married, has two children, and Foundation; and as chairman of the Atlantic resides in Washington, DC.

Nomination of Princeton Nathan Lyman To Be United States Ambassador to South Africa May 7, 1992

The President today announced his inten- this, he served as Ambassador to the Fed- tion to nominate Princeton Nathan Lyman, eral Republic of Nigeria, 1986–89; Deputy of Maryland, a career member of the Senior Assistant Secretary of State for African Af- Foreign Service, class of Career Minister, fairs at the Department of State, 1981–86; to be Ambassador to the Republic of South and as Director of the Office of Inter-Afri- Africa. He would succeed William Lacy can Affairs at the Department of State, Swing. 1980–81. Since 1989, Dr. Lyman has served as Di- Dr. Lyman graduated from the University rector of the Bureau for Refugee Programs of California (A.B., 1957); Harvard Uni- at the U.S. Department of State. Prior to

726 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / May 8 versity (M.A., 1959; Ph.D., 1961). He was CA. Dr. Lyman is married, has three chil- born November 20, 1935, in San Francisco, dren, and resides in Chevy Chase, MD.

Remarks to Firefighters and Law Enforcement Personnel in Los Angeles May 8, 1992

Let me just say I’m very pleased that the I heard a lot of stories, anecdotes about Governor’s with us and Senator Seymour’s what went on. They told me about Rich with us. And really, what we did is to want Perez, the lone gunman, the only armed of- to come over here and, one, see where ficer guarding L.A.’s traffic control center. some of the action stemmed from, but And these rioters came in and tried to break mainly to thank the firefighters and the pa- down the doors. Somehow, he managed to trolmen for a heroic job well done. convince the rioters that they had met their You know, at a time like this you think match, and they turned away. And the traf- of your faith, and you remember that the fic control system was safe and sound, and Bible talked about, ‘‘Blessed are the peace- a legend was born. makers.’’ Well, I must say, when I think I’ve just come from the hospital, from of the firefighters and the highway patrol, seeing one of your own, one of the fire- I think of what you have done and, frankly, fighters’ own, Scott Miller. You talk about do all the time in keeping the peace and courage and you talk about the way his fel- restoring the peace. You certainly have the low firefighters helped him, it’s a great les- gratitude, you may not know it, but you son for our whole country. Incidentally, he’s have the gratitude of people all across this a courageous man. They told me that what country. had happened to him was serious. But they I wanted to just recite a fact or two that also told me, the doctor, that because of you all know but the rest of the country his spirit, the same spirit so many of you might not. There were almost 6,000 fires exemplified, that he’s going to make it. He’s responded to, nearly 12,000 arrests, thou- fighting hard, and his wife was there and sands of buildings saved along with untold his kids—his kids weren’t, but they were lives. That, I would say, is just one of the together as a family. I’ll tell you, the doctors legacies of your work. And there was an- and nurses are rallying around, and he’s get- other one: You showed that people that ting the best possible care. would wantonly destroy, wantonly terrorize, But here was another example of an inno- wantonly kill their fellow citizens were not cent guy going out to help others, taking going to prevail. What you did took a good a shot from some hoodlum going by in a deal of courage, whether it was the patrol, car. And we just cannot condone that sense whether it was the firefighters. I salute you of violence, that kind of violence, anywhere for that, the country salutes you for that. in this country for whatever reason. There’s And I think your very presence restored a no explaining it. There’s no rationalizing it. sense of civility to an otherwise outrageous And I will try to take that message to the situation. country day in and day out. Yesterday, I was privileged to go to a me- There was Captain Kaemmerer, a captain morial service—it was National Day of Pray- of a fire company which doused flames at er—at Reverend E.V. Hill’s church. When an ammunition shop in the face of gunfire. I mentioned those who worked to restore Here’s a guy going into what you might call the law, the police, et cetera, why, it broke a hostile environment anyway, firefighting out in spontaneous applause. People are captain, and fighting that. very grateful in the neighborhoods for all We all know the case of the LAPD’s Mi- that you have done. chael Strawberry, Darryl’s brother. Darryl

727 May 8 / Administration of George Bush, 1992 said, ‘‘Michael was my rock.’’ Well, that’s thanks to those—in this instance, highway fine. And the LAPD have many, many such patrolmen, firefighters—who have done so rocks, people doing a job and doing it well. much for their country. And you were rocks, saving buildings and So that’s my message, and it’s a profound saving lives. These pictures that I was hand- one in a sense that today and yesterday it ed, I mean, I’ll tell you, they make a pro- was the riots in Los Angeles, tomorrow it’ll found impression on—I’m sure they make be something else. And over the last years an impression on firefighters, but they make it’s always been the same, the dedication, a profound impression on the layman to the selfless dedication. I don’t want to think think about battling something this powerful any of you guys would say you’re overpaid, and doing it with the heroism and the dedi- but you’re doing something for your fellow cation you do. man, and that in itself means an awful lot So, really, what I wanted to do is drop to your country. in here, trying to do it just as President So thank you, and may God bless you. of the United States, trying to leave the politics back there somewhere on the Potomac and come out here to see what I could see Note: The President spoke at 7:51 a.m. at with my eyes and to give my heartfelt Fire Station No. 26.

Remarks to Military and Law Enforcement Personnel in Los Angeles May 8, 1992

Thank you all. Thank you very, very and women in this country. And that’s the much, and I’m just delighted to be here. message that I think has gone out. And you I first would salute all that participated in did what’s right, and you did what’s de- keeping the peace, guaranteeing the peace, manded of you. fighting against those who wanted to break And yesterday in this little church service the peace. And the events of the past 10 I mentioned, I mentioned the police officers days, not just for the people in Los Angeles particularly, singled them out, and the place but people in the rest of the country, have broke into spontaneous applause for those been packed with emotion, raw and intense. officers that are out there bringing civil And in my time out here I’ve heard the tranquility to this country. And I salute— shouts of anger and heard some whispered [applause]. And then I want to single out prayers yesterday in a lovely ecumenical and salute also the Federal law enforcement church service. We’ve seen utter devasta- officers who worked side by side with many tion, all of you have that have looked around of you who were on the streets. The special the streets at all. We’ve seen the beginnings agents from the FBI, the Bureau of Prisons of restoration. And we’ve seen the worst that human beings can do, and then we’ve people, the marshals, the Border Patrol, all seen some of the very best. were out there assisting the police in stop- So, I really wanted to come over here ping the terrible violence and the looting. and thank all of you, the LAPD, the mem- And of course, again, the local police offi- bers of the military, the Guard and the cials, the LAPD, the officers on the beat regulars, both Marine—[applause]. And I who have the toughest job in the world. think what this particular group and others And I came, really, just to thank each and that I just met with, the highway patrolmen, every one of you who worked around the firefighters, are saying to the country is that clock to restore order. we stand to defend decency and honor; we I might say, I’ve just come from the hos- stand to defend and protect the honest men pital where I saw a young firefighter who

728 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / May 8 was wantonly shot in the head. He’s driving I will do my level-best as President to his fire truck, hook and ladder truck, to put work to help solve the problems in the com- out a fire, and some hoodlum comes along- munities. I pledge that. I’m going to go back side and shoots him. He’s fighting right this to Washington; have more to say about that minute for his very life. But it makes me next week. But I’ll tell you this: I will re- grateful as a citizen of this country that you main the President who strongly supports have courageous people like that willing to the law enforcement community in this undergo the trauma that he is facing right country and who strongly supports our mili- now. So we can all maybe say a prayer for tary. Without you, we would not enjoy the Scott and just hope that he makes it. peace and tranquility that a lot of the rest The men and women of the Armed of the country is enjoying right now. So Forces were out minding your own business thank you very much to each and every one when the call came. But I really believe of you who participated in any way in help- this: that when it became clear—and I’ve ing this great city of Los Angeles. talked to the Governor who’s with me here And the last point is this: I went around today about it, talked to the Mayor of this to a lot of the communities. And I have city—but when it became clear that not a genuine feeling in my heart that Los An- only the Guard but the regulars were willing geles is going to bounce right on back and to respond and would be there, I think the be this great city that it’s always been. very fact that the military was here, pre- So may God bless everybody here from pared to do what was necessary, served as Los Angeles, and my profound thanks to an enormously inhibiting factor from those the rest of you. God bless you all. Thank hoodlums that wanted to disrupt the civil you so very, very much. tranquility of Los Angeles, indeed, of our country. So, once again, I salute you for that. And Note: The President spoke at 8:22 a.m. at even more fundamentally, I salute all of you the Los Angeles Coliseum. In his remarks, who serve in uniform of the military for he referred to Scott Miller, a Los Angeles the United States of America. You have our firefighter who was injured during the dis- profound thanks and gratitude. turbances.

Remarks to Community Leaders in Los Angeles May 8, 1992

I would get off to a bad start if I didn’t Administrator of the Small Business Admin- say what I think everybody else is feeling, istration, came out early, and she is on the and I want to just congratulate Larisse for ground and doing a first-class job. And of that marvelous rendition of ‘‘The Star-Span- course, I would like to also salute Mayor gled Banner.’’ Tom Bradley who has been so extraor- And may I first thank all of you for being dinarily helpful on this visit. And I’m not here today. I think they were introduced going to forget the inspirational leader of at the very beginning, but I want to single the Challenger, Lou Dantzler. out two members of my Cabinet, Secretary I would also say to the city officials that Lou Sullivan of HHS and Secretary Jack I can just imagine, given what you all have Kemp from Housing and Urban Develop- been through, the headache that this visit ment who are here with me. We’ve really has caused. And I promise you we plan to had a good tour. I want to salute Senator leave right on schedule so things can get Seymour, Governor Wilson, who’s been at back to normal. But I want to thank every- my side, both of them, as we’ve made this body involved in facilitating this visit that tour through the city. Pat Saiki of SBA, the came, I’m sure, at a very complicated time

729 May 8 / Administration of George Bush, 1992 for the city. The Governor, the Mayor, the tral. Think about what he has already been police, the L.A. community, everyone has through. Now he says he fears that things been just fantastic. will only get ‘‘badder and badder and And let me say I am truly heartened by badder.’’ And it breaks your heart. Our chil- the speed with which the millions of dollars dren deserve better than that. of Federal relief have reached the city, from I talked a week ago about the law and FEMA grants to the small business loans the pursuit of justice. And today I want to to urgent food aid. And I salute David talk about what went wrong in L.A. and Kearns and others who came here to coordi- the underlying causes of the root problems. nate, not to dictate, not to try to dominate It can all be debated, and it should be, but but to coordinate with the city and local not to assign blame. Casting blame gets us officials. And I’m very pleased to see that absolutely nowhere. Honest talk and prin- there is smooth coordination, everyone pull- cipled action can move us forward. And ing together on the Federal, State, and local that’s what we’ve got to do for Rudy; that’s level. what we’ve got to do for our children, these It was important, I feel, that as President, kids right here. I come here to Los Angeles. The commu- This tragedy seemed to come suddenly, nity has been the site of a terrible tragedy, but I think we would all agree it’s been not just for you who were impacted the many years in the making. I know it will most but for our entire country. And every- take time to put things right. I could have one around the world feels this trauma, everyone who looks to us as a model of free- said ‘‘put things right again,’’ but that would dom and justice. miss a point I want to make: Things weren’t And that’s why I want to say just a few right before a week ago Wednesday. Things things about my visit, to speak to you about aren’t right in too many cities across our what I’ve seen in this city and, most impor- country. And we must not return to the sta- tantly, as I said at a marvelous ecumenical tus quo, not here, not in any city where church service yesterday at Mount Zion, we the system perpetuates failure and hatred are one people, we are one family, we are and poverty and despair. one Nation under God. And so I want to Most Americans now recognize some un- speak about our course as a Nation. pleasant realities. Let me just spend a I can hardly imagine—I try, but I can minute on those. For many years we’ve hardly imagine the fear and the anger that tried many different programs. All of them, people must feel to terrorize one another let’s understand this, had noble intentions and burn each other’s property. But I saw to meet the need of adequate housing or remarkable signs of hope right next to the education or health care. Much of it went tragic signs of hatred. This marvelous insti- to construct what has been known as the tution, this boys and girls club, stands un- safety net, a compassionate safety net to scarred, facing a burned-out block. And its provide security and stability for people in leader is this wonderful man next to me, need. Many other programs and policies Lou Dantzler. And he started it on the back aimed at stemming the tide of urban vio- of an old pickup truck with a group of kids lence and drugs and crime and social decay. that wanted to get off the street. And its And we have spent huge sums of money. existence proves the power of our better Some estimates are as high as $3 trillion selves. And let’s never forget it, and let’s over 25 years. And even in the last decade count our blessings. Federal spending went up for these kinds Now let me personalize it a little bit and of efforts, everything from child care to wel- tell you why clubs like this matter. A story fare to health care has been the subject of about a little kid, Rudy Campbell. I saw some commission or report or study. him on television. He looked about 8 years But where this path has taken us, I think old. His father was murdered a few years we would all agree, is not really where we back, and I didn’t see his mother. Rudy is wanted to go. Put away the studies and just raised by his 22-year-old sister who has five look around. For anyone who cares about kids of her own. And he lives in South Cen- our young people, it is painful that in 1960

730 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / May 8 the percentage of births to unwed mothers wonder: Why can’t folks on welfare take was 5 percent, and now it is 27 percent. control of their lives? Where’s their sense It’s hard to read about a young black man of responsibility? dying when the odds are almost one out Well, if we had set out to devise a system of two that he was murdered. Kids used that would perpetuate dependency, a sys- to carry their lunches to school, and the tem that would strip away dignity and per- parents that I’ve talked to know that today sonal responsibility, I guess we could hardly some kids carry guns. I’m afraid some of have done better than the system that exists you kids, you know that, too. Everyone today. Every American knows that it is time knows that drug and alcohol abuse are seri- for a fresh approach, a radical change in ous problems almost everywhere. the way we look at welfare and the inner In the wake of the L.A. riots, in the wake city economy. of a lost generation of inner city lives, can any one of us argue that we have solved Every hour of meetings yesterday—and the problems of poverty and racism and they were, for me, very emotional, very crime? And the answer clearly is no. Some moving—confirmed why I believe in the programs, ones like Head Start or Aid to plan that we have proposed for urban the Elderly, have shown some time-tested, America. I kept hearing words like owner- positive results. All programs were well-in- ship, independence, dignity, enterprise, a lot tentioned; I understand that very, very well. of time from people who have never had Many simply have not worked. Our welfare a shot at dignity or enterprise or ownership. system does not get people off of welfare, And it reinforced my belief that we must it keeps people trapped there. The statistics start with a set of principles and policies are sobering. The reality is sobering. The that foster personal responsibility, that sum and substance is this: The cities are refocus entitlement programs to serve those in serious trouble, and too many of our citi- who are most needy, and increase the effec- zens are in trouble. And it doesn’t really tiveness of Government service through have to be this way. competition and true choice. Government has an absolute responsibility I believe in keeping power closer to the to solve this problem, these problems. I’m people, using States as laboratories for inno- talking about all levels of government. And vation. We cannot figure it all out back in I’ve taken a hard look at what the Govern- Washington, DC, in some subcommittee or ment can do and how it can help commu- in the White House. And I believe in poli- nities with concerns that really matter: how cies that encourage entrepreneurship, in- people can own property, own their own crease investment, create jobs. And these home, start a business, create jobs, and en- form the heart of the agenda for economic sure that people, not Government, make the opportunity that I want to mention here. big decisions that affect the health and the Families can’t thrive, children can’t learn, education and the care of one’s own family. Think of the way that the world looks jobs can’t flourish in a climate of fear, how- right now to the single mother on welfare. ever. And so first is our responsibility to Government provides you just enough cash preserve the domestic order. And a civilized for the bare necessities. Government tells society cannot tackle any of the really tough you where you can live, where your kids problems in the midst of chaos. And you go to school. And when you’re sick, Govern- know and I know it’s just that simple. Vio- ment tells you what kind of care you get lence and brutality destroy order, destroy and when. And if you find a job, the Gov- the rule of law. And violence must never ernment cuts the welfare benefits. And if be rationalized. Violence must always be you save, if you manage to put a little condemned. money away, maybe towards a home or to We can reclaim our crime-ravaged neigh- help your kid get through college, the Gov- borhoods through a new initiative that we ernment says, hey, welfare fraud. Every one call ‘‘Weed and Seed.’’ And today I’m an- of those things happen with the system that nouncing a $19 million ‘‘Weed and Seed’’ we have in place right now. And then we operation for the city of Los Angeles to

731 May 8 / Administration of George Bush, 1992 weed out the drug dealers and career crimi- tried the old ways of thinking. And now, nals and then seed those neighborhoods as Lincoln says, ‘‘It is time to think anew.’’ with expanded educational, employment, And our approach is really a radical break and social services. from the policies of the past. It’s new. Yes, With safe and secure neighborhoods, we it’s new because it’s never been tried be- can spark an economic revival in urban fore. And for the sake of the people of America. And so, the second part of the South Central, and the people in America’s agenda is to ask Congress to take action inner cities everywhere, I will work with the on enterprise zones, create these zones with Congress to act now on this commonsense a zero capital gains rate for entrepreneurs agenda. and investors who locate businesses and create jobs right here in America’s inner cities. You’ve been through an awful lot. You’ve And yes, I recognize that at the same been through an awful lot. And when I saw time, we must help States bring innovation the verdict in the King case, my reaction to the welfare systems. And at the Federal was the same as yours; I told the Nation level, we’ve got to reform our own AFDC that. But I remain confident in our system rules, stop penalizing people who want to of justice. And when I saw the violence and work and save. These are the people who rage erupt in your streets, my reaction was are mustering the individual initiative to get the same as yours. We all knew we had off welfare. And we’ve got to pledge our- to restore order. And when I saw and read selves to, at the Federal level, change the about the heroic acts of firefighters and po- rules that keep them from doing just that. lice or the selfless acts of so many citizens, Three: Safe, drug-free schools are places my reaction was one of relief, one of hope where our children can learn, but that’s not for the future. enough. We’ve got to revolutionize our This morning I stopped by the hospital, schools through community action, through Cedar, to see a young fireman who had competition, through innovation, through been wantonly shot in the head as he was choice, principles at the heart of the strat- driving a fire truck to go out and put out egy that we call America 2000. We must fires that were ravaging somebody’s neigh- give children, these kids, these kids right here, the same opportunity as kids out in borhood, maybe yours. The man’s fighting the suburbs. for his life. And I think when we all go And the fourth point: We must promote home we ought to pray for him. new hope through homeownership. People Even in the very short time that I’ve been want a real stake, a real stake in their com- out here, I could sense that the real anguish munity, something of value that they can in south central L.A. is a parent’s concern pass along to their kids. And that’s what about the kids, neighbors’ concerns about this HOPE initiative does. It turns public the kids. And people are worried sick about housing tenants into homeowners. the children. All must agree that whatever Now, these are just the highlight of an we do must be about the children. These action agenda to bring hope and oppor- kids are our future. And our actions in the tunity back to our inner cities. We have wake of the tragedy are for them, not just other ideas to try as well. Many in this room here in Los Angeles. This is showcased now have innovative ideas they’re trying right because of what you’ve been through, but now. My first order of business upon my it’s all across the country. return to Washington will be to build a bi- And so far in these remarks I‘ve men- partisan effort in support of immediate ac- tioned what Government can do. And now tion on this agenda. And I know some will let me talk just a little about what society say, ‘‘Well, you’ve proposed all this before.’’ must do. And yes, we have tried hard, spent And that’s true, they’re right. And I’m proposing it again because, really, we must try a lot of money and haven’t solved the prob- something new. We’ve got to try something lems. And some critics say that we are a new. It does not take a social scientist to morally, spiritually, and intellectually bank- know that we must think differently. We’ve rupt nation. I don’t believe that for one

732 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / May 8 single minute. And, yes, we have problems. here, I believe, in this organization, giving We have tough problems to solve. But we of his time, he knows what I’m talking remain the freest and the fairest and the about. Government alone cannot create the most just and the most decent country on scale and energy needed to transform the the face of the entire Earth. And we now— lives of the people in need. I know that we have the drive and the And I look around this auditorium and gumption to prevail over these problems we I am preaching to the choir because you’re face. the ones that have your sleeves rolled up Tom Bradley, your Mayor, was among a in your churches and in your communities, group of mayors who came to see me last trying to help the other guy. In my con- January. He and I may differ on how we versations with the leaders of L.A.’s many approach one Federal program or another. communities, I heard over and over again But I’ve repeated often what he and others that L.A. has many of the answers within said to me that day. They said that the most itself. important problem facing our cities is the I see our friend Bill Milliken here. He dissolution, the decline of the American lives halfway across the country. There are family. And they’re absolutely right. He was four of his Cities in School programs, help- right; a mayor from a tiny town in North ing children learn here. And many members Carolina, he was right. The decline of the of a group called 100 Black Men, an inspira- family is something we must be concerned tional group; for those not familiar with it, about. And history tells us that society can- they mentor to the kids, the boys in South not succeed without some fundamental Central. building blocks in place. Now, if instead of 4, there were 25 Cities The state of our Nation is the state of in School programs, and instead of 100, our communities. And good communities 10,000 black men working with boys, and are safe and decent. And the young people so on with the hundreds of people in groups are cared for, and they’re instilled with that work with the kids, there is no question character and values and good habits for that what happened last week wouldn’t have life. Good communities have good schools. been as bad. And so it only makes sense And they provide opportunity and hope, that a large part of our challenge is to dra- rooted in the dignity of work and reward matically expand in community after com- for achievement. munity the scale of what we already know And that’s why guaranteeing a hopeful fu- works. ture for the children of our cities is about The phrase that I’ve repeated a lot and a lot more than rebuilding burned-out perhaps more than any other is worth re- buildings. It’s about the love right here peating: From now on in America, any defi- under this roof. It’s about building a new nition of a successful life must include serv- American community. It’s about rebuilding ing others. And when we look to restoring bonds between individuals and among eth- a decent and hopeful future for our chil- nic groups and among races. And we must dren, I mean this about every community: not let our diversity destroy us. It is central, First, every group and institution in you see, it is central to our strength as a America, schools, businesses, churches, cer- Nation. Our ability to live and work to- tainly, must do its part. We must praise gether has really made America the inspira- what works and share what works. tion to the entire world. Secondly, all leaders, all leaders, must Across this country tens of thousands of mobilize and inspire their people to take groups, hundreds of thousands of individ- action. uals who have never been involved before, Third, community centers must link those who will never be paid one single nickel that care with those that are crying out for for their efforts, must become partners in help. solving our most serious social problems. Fourth, with respect, the media needs to The people right here in this room know show from time to time what’s working, exactly what I’m talking about. An officer needs to cover what is working. And that in the LAPD who’s a board chairman right way would help us share, that would really

733 May 8 / Administration of George Bush, 1992 help us share and repeat these successes Now, that has got to give us hope. May many times over. God bless the person who cared enough to And finally, this one perhaps a little tech- teach that little guy right from wrong. But nical, but we’ve got to change our liability it’s up to us to guarantee that all the mil- laws that frighten people away from helping lions of kids like him grow up in a better others. We ought to care for each other America. more and sue each other less. And I believe we are right about family. But there’s something else. There’s some- We’re right about freedom and free enter- thing else that society must cultivate that prise. And we’re right with respect to the Government cannot possibly provide, some- clergymen here and the church men and thing we can’t legislate, something we can’t church women here. We are right about establish by Government order. And I’m faith. And most of all, we are right about talking about the moral sense that must America’s future. guide us all. I guess the simplest way to You see, I fervently believe that we have put it is, I’m talking about knowing right the strength and the spirit in our Govern- from wrong and then trying to do what’s ment, you can see it here today in our com- right. munities and in ourselves, to transform Let me come back again to the little boy America into the Nation that we have I spoke about earlier, Rudy Campbell. Re- dreamed of for generations. member, ‘‘badder, badder, badder’’? There’s May God bless each and every one of a lesson he learned that survived the horror you in your work. And thank you very, very and the hate. And in the midst of all the much. chaos, in the midst of so much that’s gone wrong, he knows what’s right. When he was asked about the violence, here’s what he Note: The President spoke at 9:18 a.m. at said: ‘‘They should know what’s right and the Challenger Boys and Girls Club. In his wrong. Because when I was 4, that’s what remarks, he referred to William E. Milliken, I learned.’’ president of Cities in Schools, Inc.

Nomination of Alexander Fletcher Watson To Be United States Ambassador to Brazil May 8, 1992

The President today announced his inten- 89; and Deputy Chief of Mission at the U.S. tion to nominate Alexander Fletcher Wat- Embassy in Brasilia, Brazil, 1984–86. From son, of Massachusetts, a career member of 1981 to 1984, Mr. Watson served as Deputy the Senior Foreign Service, class of Career Chief of Mission at the U.S. Embassy in Minister, to be Ambassador to the Federa- Bogota, Colombia. tive Republic of Brazil. He would succeed Mr. Watson graduated from Harvard Col- Richard Huntington Melton. lege (A.B., 1961) and University of Wiscon- Since 1989 Mr. Watson has served as sin (M.A., 1969). He was born August 8, Deputy Representative to the United Na- 1939, in Boston, MA. Mr. Watson is mar- tions. Prior to this, he served as the U.S. ried, has two children, and resides in New Ambassador to the Republic of Peru, 1986– York, NY.

734 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / May 9

Nomination of William Graham Walker To Be United States Ambassador to Argentina May 8, 1992

The President today announced his inten- Deputy Chief of Mission at the U.S. Em- tion to nominate William Graham Walker, bassy in La Paz, Bolivia, 1982–84; and as of Maryland, a career member of the Senior Deputy Chief of Mission at the U.S. Em- Foreign Service, class of Minister-Coun- bassy in Tegucigalpa, Honduras, 1980–82. selor, to be Ambassador to Argentina. He Ambassador Walker graduated from the would succeed Terence A. Todman. University of California at Los Angeles Ambassador Walker served as the U.S. (B.A., 1960). He was born June 1, 1935, Ambassador to El Salvador, 1988–92. Prior in Kearney, NJ. Ambassador Walker is mar- to this, he served at the Department of ried, has four children, and resides in Rock- State as a Deputy Assistant Secretary in the ville, MD. Office of Inter-American Affairs 1985–88;

Radio Address to the Nation on the President’s Visit to Los Angeles, California May 9, 1992

Less than 24 hours ago, I returned from the places they worked were burned out. Los Angeles. And today I’d like to use this But beyond this immediate emergency as- opportunity to report in on what I saw and sistance, I set out a broader agenda, a what I heard. means of bringing hope and opportunity to By now, each one of us has seen images our inner cities. of hate and horror we won’t soon forget. First, we’ve got to preserve order, keep But what I saw during my time in Los An- the peace, because families can’t thrive, geles, even in the hardest hit parts of south children can’t learn, jobs can’t flourish in central L.A., should give us all cause for a climate of fear. hope. Everywhere, the people I talked with Second, we must spark an economic re- told me about the acts of individual hero- vival in urban America. And that means es- ism, about the extraordinary courage of or- tablishing enterprise zones in our cities and dinary people. Some braved the gangs of reform of our welfare system to help people looters to form bucket brigades to put out with individual initiative work and save. fires when the fire trucks couldn’t get Third, we’ve got to revolutionize Amer- through. Some stood against the angry ican education. That’s why we’ve built our mobs, reached across the barrier of color America 2000 strategy around innovations to save lives. Many of these aren’t the sto- like choice, competition, and community ac- ries you’ll see on the first 2 minutes of the tion. Children in our inner cities deserve nightly news, but they are the stories that the same opportunities that kids in our sub- tell us the power of simple human decency. urbs have. I went to L.A. to meet with community Four, we must promote new hope leaders, to get firsthand information as to through homeownership. And that’s the aim how best the Federal Government could behind my HOPE initiative, to give the least speed the recovery. Part of it is to provide, advantaged among us a stake in their neigh- as we’re doing now, Federal funds to help borhood by turning public housing tenants shopowners get their businesses open again, into homeowners. funds to help the people who lost jobs when At every turn during my time in Los An-

735 May 9 / Administration of George Bush, 1992 geles, I heard people talking about the prin- off the streets. And today, across from a ciples that guide these initiatives: personal burned-out block in south central L.A., the responsibility, opportunity, ownership, inde- Boys and Girls Club stands unscarred. No, pendence, dignity. it wasn’t a miracle that the building was I can already hear some of the critics out left standing. The real miracle is what goes there. They’ll say, ‘‘Well, you’ve proposed on inside. It’s a place kids can go to get all this before.’’ That’s true. They’re right. the concern and the love they need, a place But now it’s time to act on these proposals, where people care. time to try something new. My first order That’s why guaranteeing a hopeful future of business now that I am back in Washing- for the children of our cities is about a lot ton is to build a bipartisan effort in support more than rebuilding burned-out buildings. of immediate action on this agenda. It’s about building a new American commu- So far I have spoken about what Govern- nity. ment can do. Now let me talk about what This I know: We have the strength and society must do, because Government alone spirit in our Government, in our commu- cannot create the scale and energy needed nities, and in ourselves to transform Amer- to transform the lives of people in need. ica into the Nation we have dreamed of All over America, people have already found for generations. the answers for themselves, and they’re tak- Thank you for listening. And may God ing action to make things better. You can bless the United States of America. find them everywhere, even in south central L.A. I met a man there named Lou Dantzler, a bear of a man who runs the Note: The President spoke at 9:03 a.m. from Challengers Boys and Girls Club. He start- the Oval Office at the White House. The ed it out in the back of an old pickup truck address was broadcast live on nationwide with a group of kids who wanted to get radio.

Message to the Senate Returning Without Approval the Congressional Campaign Spending Limit and Election Reform Act of 1992 May 9, 1992

To the Senate of the United States: to pay for the Act’s elaborate scheme of I am returning herewith without my ap- public subsidies. proval S. 3, the ‘‘Congressional Campaign In 1989, I proposed comprehensive cam- Spending Limit and Election Reform Act paign finance reform legislation to reduce of 1992.’’ The current campaign finance sys- the influence of special interests and the tem is seriously flawed. For 3 years I have powers of incumbency. My proposal would called on the Congress to overhaul our cam- abolish political action committees (PACs) paign finance system in order to reduce the subsidized by corporations, unions, and influence of special interests, to restore the trade associations. It would protect statu- influence of individuals and political parties, torily the political rights of American work- and to reduce the unfair advantages of in- ers, implementing the Supreme Court’s de- cumbency. S. 3 would not accomplish any cision in Communications Workers v. Beck. of these objectives. In addition to perpetuat- It would curtail leadership PACs. It would ing the corrupting influence of special inter- virtually prohibit the practice of bundling. ests and the imbalance between challengers It would require the full disclosure of all and incumbents, S. 3 would limit political soft money expenditures by political parties speech protected by the First Amendment and by corporations and unions. It would and inevitably lead to a raid on the Treasury restrict the taxpayer-financed franking

736 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / May 11 privileges enjoyed by incumbents. It would the total amount spent by all House chal- prevent incumbents from amassing cam- lengers. The system of public benefits, de- paign war chests from excess campaign signed to induce candidates to agree to funds from previous elections. abide by the spending limits, is unlikely in These are all significant reforms, and I many cases to overcome the inherent favors am encouraged that S. 3 includes a few of of incumbency. them, albeit with some differences. If the S. 3 contains several unconstitutional pro- Congress is serious about enacting campaign visions, although none more serious than finance reform, it should pass legislation the aggregate spending limits. In Buckley along the lines I proposed in 1989, and I v. Valeo, the Supreme Court ruled that to will sign it immediately. However, I cannot be constitutional, spending limits must be accept legislation, like S. 3, that contains voluntary. There is nothing ‘‘voluntary’’ spending limits or public subsidies, or fails about the spending limits in this Act. The to eliminate special interest PACs. penalties in S. 3 for candidates who choose Further, as I have previously stated, I am not to abide by the spending limits or to opposed to different rules for the House accept Treasury funds are punitive—unlike and Senate on matters of ethics and election the Presidential campaign system—as well reform. In several key respects, S. 3 con- as costly to the taxpayer. For example, if tains separate rules for House and Senate a nonparticipating House candidate spends candidates, with no apparent justification just one dollar over 80 percent of the other than political expediency. spending limit, the participating candidate S. 3 no longer contains the provision that may spend without limit and receive unlim- the Senate passed last year abolishing all ited Federal matching funds. The subsidies PACs. Although that provision was provided for in S. 3 could amount to well overbroad in banning issue-oriented PACs over 100 million dollars every election cycle, unconnected to special interests, S. 3 would yet the Act is silent on how these generous not eliminate any PACs. Instead, the Act Government subsidies would be financed. provides only a reduced limit on individual It seems inevitable that they would be paid PAC contributions to Senate candidates and for by the American taxpayer. I understand no change in the status quo in the House. why Members of Congress would be reluc- Moreover, the limit on aggregate PAC con- tant to ask taxpayers directly to subsidize tributions to House candidates to one-third their reelection campaigns, but given the of the spending limit, $200,000, is not likely significant costs of S. 3, its failure to address to diminish the heavy reliance of Members the funding question is irresponsible. on PAC contributions. The average amount Our Nation needs campaign finance laws a Member of Congress raised from PACs that place the interests of individual citizens in the last election cycle was $209,000. and political parties above special interests, The spending limits for both House and and that provide a level playing field be- Senate candidates will most likely hurt chal- tween challengers and incumbents. What lengers more than incumbents, especially we do not need is a taxpayer-financed in- because S. 3 does little to reduce the advan- cumbent protection plan. For these reasons, tages of incumbency. Inexplicably, there is I am vetoing S. 3. no parallel House provision to the sensible Senate provision restricting the use of the GEORGE BUSH frank in an election year. In the last election cycle, the amount incumbent House Mem- The White House, bers spent on franked mail was three times May 9, 1992.

737 May 11 / Administration of George Bush, 1992

Remarks on Maternal and Infant Health Care May 11, 1992

Thank you, Lou, thank you, Secretary Sul- and creative approaches to bringing high- livan, and welcome, everyone. Let me just risk women into care. To attack this prob- pay a special thanks to Senator Dale Bump- lem we are mobilizing the Nation’s best ers and to Congressman Tom Bliley, who ideas and resources. The hallmarks of our have been spearheading many of our pre- plan can be summed up in two words: im- natal and immunization initiatives on Cap- munization and action. itol Hill. They are true leaders for this Last June I stood here in the Rose Gar- cause, and we’re delighted to see you all den with the Secretary to call for a stronger here today. Also to Jim Mason, our Assistant immunization effort. We sent out teams to Secretary for Health; Bill Roper from At- six areas of our country to determine how lanta, doing a superb job as our Director we could do it better. We learned lessons at CDC. And a warm welcome to represent- that we’re now applying nationwide. I was atives of the Advertising Council and to all pleased to be a part of the visit to San the very special mothers and children who Diego in February and happy that rep- are with us today. resentatives of all six communities that we Yesterday, on Mother’s Day, millions of looked at are here with us today. Americans took time to appreciate the mir- Today we’re announcing a new action acle of motherhood. We thank the mothers plan to get our children vaccinated when who brought us into this world, who taught it makes the greatest difference, before the us our first lessons about life and love and age of two. The plan requires more effective character. Today, we’re taking some vital coordination to promote vaccination among steps to help American mothers, their chil- the various Federal Agencies that serve children, and their families. We’re announcing dren. We’re helping States and localities improved standards and a new action plan with their own immunization plans. And our for immunization. We’re beginning a public administration’s budget for immunization service ad campaign to promote an innova- continues to respond to the need. For fiscal tive prenatal care program called Healthy ’93, we’re seeking an increase to $349 mil- Start, the program Dr. Sullivan referred to. lion. We’re also announcing new standards Every year in America thousands of ba- for pediatric immunization, the work of an bies are delivered at dangerously low birth expert panel representing many private and weights, and too many of these babies die public sector organizations. They’re going to or suffer chronic illness as a result. Thou- help clinics improve their method to pro- sands of our young children suffer crippling vide vaccination to kids who need them the effects each year from measles and other most. communicable childhood diseases, and I salute the leaders again of the Advertis- some even die. But the saddest fact of all ing Council for all the volunteer time and is this: Most of this death and disease is talent that you have organized for the cause easily preventable through immunization of infant mortality. I know that public serv- and through better prenatal care. To the ice ad campaigns such as this work. Think extent they are preventable, they too often of the success of other Ad Council cam- reflect bad health choices stemming from paigns for kicking the smoking habit, for ignorance of good health behavior or ab- seatbelt use, for screening for cancer. All sence of a defined sense of personal respon- such efforts help people show greater re- sibility by the parents. sponsibility in their own behavior. All of our maternal and child health pro- Now, I’ve often thought that the same grams are being improved, integrated, and sort of diligent use of marketing science and developed to promote the principles of in- communications talents could help motivate novation, of community involvement, and Americans to address other problems in- personal responsibility. We are using new volving personal responsibility, for in-

738 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / May 11 stance, in keeping families together, encour- Healthy Start successes will come from aging responsible sexual behavior, and other people who see neighbors in need and ask, matters of personal and family well-being. ‘‘What can I do to help?’’ And they follow So I’m confident that the Ad Council’s new through on their generous impulses. And campaign will have strong and positive re- they keep noticing and helping more peo- sults. ple. I’m talking about people like Minnie The Council’s messages will emphasize Thomas in Oakland, California. An ener- that the health of pregnant women and their getic grandmother, she was helping drug unborn babies is a matter of concern to abusers when she learned there was no fa- every member of a civilized society. When cility for drug abusers who became preg- an expectant mother is financially needy or nant. So she opened her own facility called without a husband or a family to support Solid Foundation. And 47 kids have been her, it is all the more urgent for good neigh- born to mothers at Solid Foundation, and bors to show that they care. The Ad Coun- not one suffered from low birth weight. cil’s first message, therefore, targets the Here in Washington, Tawana Fortune- general public. It calls on all of us for ac- Jones is the woman with the Mom Van, and tion. The theme that you’ll soon be hearing she knocks on doors in neighborhoods on television is this: We must not accept where infant mortality is high. She’s enlisted high rates of infant deaths because this is the cooperation of doctors and clinics to es- America. tablish a Healthy Start Pregnancy Register. The second announcement will impress She drives the Mom Van, and each morning upon men the importance of their role. at 7 a.m. she begins picking up women and Whether a man is an unborn child’s father taking them to doctors’ offices. Afterwards or another family member or friend, there is much he can and should do to help an she takes them home, and then she shuttles expectant mother. We cannot understate another group in the afternoon. She’s a male responsibility. friend to women who have no other friends, The third announcement will tell women and she’s saved and bettered the lives of that proper care begins long before the hundreds of babies. And she’s here with us baby is born. Consider this: Babies born today. Tawana, where are you now? Right after a pregnancy with no prenatal care are over here. Tawana, good neighbors are the four times more likely to die than those heroes of our cities, and you’re the model whose mothers received care beginning in of a good neighbor. Thank you for what the first trimester. The full series assures you do. pregnant women in need that they are not Unbelievable as it may seem, the innova- alone. Care is available, and good neighbors tions of Healthy Start ran into resistance are being mobilized to help. up in Congress where they are still too The Healthy Start approach represents much wedded to the old bureaucratic ways what we should be doing to solve our social of doing things. I’m optimistic, though. I problems: local solutions, local control, local believe our approach for empowering peo- accountability. The first 15 Healthy Start ple with new ideas is the way of the future. communities were chosen from a long list Our crusade for preventive health care for of applicants. I understand that representa- infants and expectant mothers will move a tives of many of these communities from step further when we reform this—overall around the Nation are here today, and reform of the health insurance system. I’ve thank you all for your good work. proposed making every American able to af- We’re not weighing down these commu- ford a basic health insurance plan of his nity initiatives with burdensome Federal choice, using credits or vouchers. And mandates and command-and-control regula- through the market system, we would pro- tions. We’re seeking to empower neighbor- vide needy Americans better health care hood volunteers in local governments to in- than they now receive. vent effective new ways to help save babies’ These two efforts represent a new way of lives and keep babies and their mothers solving our problems in infant mortality and strong and healthy. immunization. Our guiding principle is to

739 May 11 / Administration of George Bush, 1992 reach out: Reach out to young parents, a tremendous role to play. It’s already make sure they know what they need to do, worked in our six demonstration immuniza- and then help them to do it; reach out to tion cities, and I am confident that it’s going community organizations; reach out to the to work in Healthy Start and in more immu- private sector; and reach across the artificial nization communities all around this great lines in our Government so that any pro- country. gram that touches young children and their Thank you all for your leadership. Again, parents will become an opportunity point my respects to the two Members of Con- for better health. gress here. Thank the doctors here, and We have new kinds of problems, and so thank all of you working in the communities we’ve got to think in new ways. We need to make life just a little better for the kids to think about all the opportunities that we and for the families out there. Thank you have to draw in young families who may all for coming. be left out today, to help them, to inform them. We need to enlist them and enlist our communities to work together to help Note: The President spoke at 11:16 a.m. in them. All the community organizations have the Rose Garden at the White House.

Statement by Press Secretary Fitzwater on the President’s Meeting With Foreign Minister Roland Dumas of France May 11, 1992

President Bush and French Foreign Min- force ties between Europe and the United ister Roland Dumas discussed a number of States. The President welcomed the desire bilateral and regional issues during a 20- to strengthen transatlantic ties, which the minute Oval Office meeting. Minister United States shares completely. The Presi- Dumas said that the development of in- dent also noted the need to conclude the creased unity within the European Commu- Uruguay round trade negotiations. nity must be accompanied by efforts to rein-

Remarks in a Roundtable Discussion With the Weed and Seed Revitalization Committee and Community Leaders in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania May 11, 1992

Mr. Michael Baylson. Mr. President, good substantial progress arresting the larger afternoon. We are honored to welcome you drug-trafficking gangs. Also, last week a to our ‘‘Weed and Seed’’ neighborhood to Federal grand jury returned indictments meet with the members of the Weed and against 72 defendants, allegedly members of Seed Neighborhood Revitalization Commit- the Cali cartel, their customers, or other tee and other community residents. major Philadelphia drug dealers, for dump- We want to tell you about some of the ing drugs into this community. innovative programs in Philadelphia. For ex- Mr. President, welcome to our ‘‘Weed ample, the Violent Traffickers Project, with and Seed’’ area. whom you just met a few minutes ago, has The President. Michael, thank you. What been active in this neighborhood, making I really want to do is listen to people in the

740 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / May 11 community and from the city. I salute Mi- The next piece that we’re now involved chael for the job he’s doing as U.S. attorney; with is what we now call the ‘‘Weed and thank the commissioner for being at my side Seed,’’ where law enforcement has come in through this tour. I expect you’re going to and, to some degree, weeded out the very miss him, but I think you’re looking forward difficult people. It is now up to the city, to his arrival to his new, enormous chal- State, and Federal agencies and the com- lenge. munities working together to reclaim their Let me just say, I don’t know if you’ve own neighborhoods for themselves, working met Governor Martinez and Digger Phelps. together. That’s where we’re at right now, Governor Martinez runs our National Drug and Sister Carol and others here are all part Control program. And Digger, whom you of this collective effort from community, all know by reputation, I’m sure, who un- from government, from law enforcement, derstands a lot about the inner cities, he’s and from other various volunteers. got a key role in our ‘‘Weed and Seed’’ pro- The President. Thank you, Commissioner. gram. We believe in this program. I know that Members of Congress who are with us [A participant spoke on community revital- here, including Senator Specter and these ization funding and enterprise zones.] House Members, agree. And we want to The President. Well, I hope we can do see it be successful. But I came here to something on this enterprise zones. I will listen, and I really appreciate you all taking try to keep it out of the partisan politics. the time to tell me what’s on your minds Ironically, Sister, maybe not so ironically, and what you think would be best for the but at every level in Los Angeles, in the community and then see what we can do. community, community groups wanted that; Mr. Baylson. Thank you, Mr. President. I’d like Commissioner Williams to just say they felt that that would draw jobs into the a few words first, and then he’ll be followed community. So I think it’s a new idea in by Sister Carol, who is seated to your left. that it’s never been tried at the Federal Commissioner Willie Williams. Thank you level. Literally green-line these areas and very much, Mike. Mr. President, this area have a, say, zero capital gains so you can that we’re in right now, at some time not attract businesses. So we’re going to try, and in the too distant past, was probably one I’m glad that you all support that. of the worst drug-dealing areas in the city [A participant presented documentation on of Philadelphia. You literally could not have the problems of obtaining mortgage insur- walked through the schoolyard or driven ance and ensuring residents’ input on fund- even your car up there without being har- ing decisions.] assed by drug dealers. We had strong cooperation from the citizens. They simply The President. I have one question on asked us to ‘‘Please do whatever you can. the—do we have time to ask one question We will work with you. We will stand be- on the red-lining and stuff? Is that a Fed- hind you in trying to rid the area of some eral law or a State law or a city—what is very, very structured and organized drug it? gangs.’’ Participant. From what I know it’s in the We went about it through a combination State legislature here. And we met with six of traditional policing methods, using city banks; we put a housing group together. police, using State, Federal assistance, using The banks say they’re ready to lend money the community’s support, and starting out for low-income housing and for mortgages, with the Violent Traffickers Project, I think. but then the insurance companies, who Within a 2-year period, we locked up at were sitting at the same table, tell us that least 150 to 200 people. Ninety-eight per- they will not approve mortgages in any com- cent of them pled guilty; the other 2 per- munity where there’s a 10 percent vacancy cent were found guilty in court. As I said, in the block. And all that does is create we were running 100 percent conviction the whole block to go. We can’t lock these rate. We snatched entire structured, orga- blocks and bring them back. nized gangs out of the neighborhood. What we need is, we need HUD and we

741 May 11 / Administration of George Bush, 1992 need the Pennsylvania Housing Authority to enterprise zones, and of course, that would come to meetings and work with us to try help because it would give people a break. to look at the numbers of houses in these One of the things that is happening out in blocks and either rehabilitate property or Los Angeles right now is a major push to tear it down and make a garden out of it bring private businesses in by Peter for the property next to it, so we can move Ueberroth. I don’t know if you’re read on and start to tie some of these neighbor- about his approach, but it’s one the commis- hoods together again. sioner will be running into out there. And The President. Thanks. I must say, the guy’s very optimistic about being able to do that. Of course, that, in [A participant presented a T-shirt to the the final analysis, is the key, a job in the President.] private sector. The President. That’s very nice. Thank So we’re going to push for the enterprise you very much. And good luck, Miriam. zones that will make it more attractive for Thank you. companies to come in and locate in this [A participant questioned combating the area. Give people a tax break so—it’s wast- multimillion-dollar drug-trafficking business ed—if you don’t have any businesses, you’re with limited funds.] not losing revenue, there’s just nothing happening there. The President. Well, I’m not sure that So we think that this approach, coupled funds is the entire answer. I just came from with the homeownership concept on our a project that the commissioner could de- public housing and urban development pro- scribe where they have these satellite pre- gram is a very good start on the part of cincts where the police officers get the con- the Federal Government. And so I hope— fidence of people in the neighborhood and and ‘‘Weed and Seed,’’ that’s the third ele- are highly successful in discouraging drugs ment of it, with more funding. from being in that area. I don’t think it [A participant expressed appreciation for was as much spending as it was community Federal support of local law enforcement involvement on the part, in this instance, programs.] of law enforcement. Our Federal law enforcement, obviously, The President. Thank you. should be in support of the locals and sup- [A participant spoke on the need for youth- port of State law enforcement. I don’t think oriented programs.] anyone wants to see a Federal police force. Now, we do have Federal Agencies that we The President. Thank you very much. can talk about; I mean DEA and the FBI [A participant requested additional funding and all that are involved when Federal laws for programs to benefit children.] are being broken. But it’s a combination, The President. Thank you very much. it seems to me. [A participant emphasized the importance [The participant said that ‘‘Weed and Seed’’ of helping children.] funding was insufficient.] The President. Thank you, Felicia. Beau- The President. One, you can’t do it with tifully said. ‘‘Weed and Seed’’ money alone. That’s one thing. Two, we are going to the Congress [Another participant reiterated the impor- to increase the ‘‘Weed and Seed’’ funds, and tance of helping children.] I think we’ll be successful. But it’s got to The President. Thank you, Tomasita. be that along with these other programs, May I ask a question? I don’t know who I think most people would agree, because could answer it. But I mentioned in the I don’t think the ‘‘Seed’’ money itself will State of the Union Address a visit I had do it. from the mayors, including Tom Bradley I’ll tell you, one of the key concepts is out in L.A. and a lot of smalltown mayors, this concept of trying to attract businesses you know, women, men, Republican, Dem- to the community. The sister spoke about ocrat, liberal, conservative. They came to

742 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / May 11 me, and they said, ‘‘The number one prob- that would be a very easy answer to a very lem we see in the problem with the city complicated question. is the demise of the American family.’’ Can [The participant said that attitudes through- somebody make suggestions? Of course, you out the Nation must be changed.] know, we think that what Ms. Melendez is doing, and other educators, is a big, impor- The President. Great. tant part of how you overcome that. But [A participant stressed the need for more if anyone has suggestions—and I’m not sure funds to support community leaders and it’s a government thing—but has sugges- local programs, and questioned the value of tions as to how you strengthen or turn tax breaks for the poor.] around the decline in the family, it would be extraordinarily helpful. The President. Let me clarify one thing. We’ve appointed a Commission, and I Maybe you misunderstood part of what I hope it’s not just one more study effort that said. I wasn’t talking about tax breaks for gets filed and gathers dust. I’m just quoting a guy who doesn’t have a job. What the what these mayors told me. And I men- enterprise zones does is talk about tax tioned it out there in Los Angeles, and sev- breaks for people that are willing to set up eral of the churches say, ‘‘Well, you know, a business in an area so that it will be like when you have a decline in the family, the a magnet, hopefully drawing jobs in there, church has to fill in a lot more.’’ And then even though the area may not be as attrac- there was a very active boys club. tive a part of the city or something like But I just wonder if there’s anything legis- that. latively that’s keeping the family apart, mak- So that was the only point I wanted to ing it easier or better off if they live apart add here because I think it really will work. rather than together. We’re looking at the But we’re trying hard to get it done anyway, laws from that end, but I’d welcome any see if it works. comments. It’s a very complex subject, but Mr. Baylson. Mr. President, I’d like to it is—John, maybe? thank you very much. The people around this table have worked very hard to put to- [A participant spoke on the importance of gether our ‘‘Weed and Seed’’ application. strong families. Another participant spoke And I have told them that if the enterprise on the need to change attitudes and increase zone bill passes, there will be more funds self-esteem in at-risk communities.] for ‘‘Weed and Seed’’ activities in this or The President. Thank you very much. I the next fiscal year. And we pledge that think the answer is to try some new ideas. we’re going to do our damnedest to make What we’re doing we will all concede is not a difference in this neighborhood. enough. Some programs, certainly commu- The President. I think you obviously al- nity programs, are an example for every- ready are. But I’m most impressed with the body. I mean, they work. And what we’ve community spirit, because what they’re say- heard today is something new—or what I ing is, ‘‘How can we help some more?’’ heard. It may not be new to Philadelphia, Mr. Baylson. Right. but it’s new to a lot of the country in terms The President. Thank you very much, very of the ‘‘Weed’’ part of it. much. So I think the answer to your question is, we’ve got to try these new approaches Note: The exchange began at 5:10 p.m. in that hopefully will not only encourage com- the gymnasium at St. Boniface Church. In munity service, like the ‘‘Seed’’-ing part of his remarks, the President referred to Willie the ‘‘Weed and Seed,’’ but also bring jobs Williams, Philadelphia police commissioner, into the community from which you can and Peter Ueberroth, chairman of the Re- then have more normal family lives. But build L.A. Committee.

743 May 11 / Administration of George Bush, 1992

Remarks at a Bush-Quayle Fundraising Dinner in Philadelphia May 11, 1992

Thank you all. And Peter, thank you very terrific. And, of course, Charlie, Charlie much for that wonderfully warm introduc- Kopp, he is a fundraising czar. He is our tion and for making me feel so welcome. finance chairman, a great friend, and a loyal, I loved walking out through that crowd be- loyal supporter. And he is very successful— cause it gave me a chance to see so many so successful that he didn’t have to go to people who have been so supportive over our dog Millie for a single dime. [Laughter] the years, and I am very, very grateful to You may have seen our income tax returns, you. Barbara and I count our blessings, even and you can tell who earns the money in in complicated times, and I am very privi- the family. Millie is not a ‘‘fat cat,’’ but nev- leged to serve as President of the United ertheless has done a great job as our dog. States. Believe me, I’ll never forget how I [Laughter] got there. It was good, strong, loyal friends I am pleased to be here. And I want to out in the precincts and at dinners like this share with you just some observations. This over the years, and I am very grateful to is a year where you’re hearing a lot of talk all of you. about change. And I would be the first to May I thank Reverend Gambet for his concede that we must make significant invocation; it was a unique invocation, and change in this country. I hear a lot of talk I kind of went along with the last part and about it coming out of the political arena, could learn from the first part, but—[laugh- but we’ve been trying to effect constructive ter]—and Malcolm Evans for the national change. anthem. I missed the Pledge of Allegiance I came back from a very moving visit to crowd. I hear they were absolutely fantastic, Los Angeles; we got back Friday evening. and some of them are back there, but thank And let me just give you a short report of you very much for a unique joint Pledge what I saw and what I heard. Each one of Allegiance. And I want to thank Peter of us saw the images of hate and horror. and David here for making this dinner hap- That was all around you, images that we pen. Of course, Senator Specter, I’m just won’t soon forget. But what I saw during very pleased to have been with him today my time in Los Angeles, even in the hardest in what for, I think, both of us was a very hit parts of south central L.A., should give moving tour through some of the less privi- us some cause for hope. Everywhere, the leged, some of the impacted parts of this people I talked with told about acts of indi- great city. Larry Coughlin is with us, who vidual heroism, about the extraordinary is our Bush-Quayle cochairman; Congress- courage of just plain ordinary people. And men Weldon and Ridge and Ritter, all good some braved the gang of looters to form people. We’ve got a great Republican dele- these bucket brigades to put out fires when gation from Pennsylvania, I might add, in the firetrucks couldn’t get through. And the United States Congress. then some stood up in the face of angry I was delighted to see Barbara Hafer ear- mobs and reached across the barrier of lier on. And, of course, Governor Mike Cas- color to save lives of their fellow men and tle, an old friend who’s done a great job women. And many of these aren’t the sto- in a neighboring State with us tonight. And ries that you’ll see on the nightly news. But I’d be remiss if I didn’t single out Elsie believe me, they are the stories that tell Hillman, heading the campaign effort here us the power of simple human decency. in the Keystone State, and thank Dexter and What it tells me is that the time has come then, of course, our team of Bobby Holt, to set the old, worn-out ideas aside. And the Wally Ganzi. And then again, I’ll single out time has come, in the words of Abraham Dexter, who gets the star seat. He gets to Lincoln, ‘‘to think anew and to act anew.’’ sit next to Elsie, and that means he sold And we start with the principles at the heart more tickets than anybody else. So that’s of this great Republican Party, princi-

744 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / May 11 ples that tell us something very obvious, and a woman that had been a member of our that is that we ought to keep the power close little church in Houston, Texas, St. Martin’s to the people, that we’ve got to strengthen Parish. I’d got a message to call her. I called families. her, and she told me a tragic story of her I’ll never forget when Tom Bradley, the brother and her son. They had gotten a call Mayor of Los Angeles, and others came to from a neighbor, a minority, a member of see me, large-city mayors, small-city mayors, a minority group, and they’d climbed on Republicans, Democrats, liberals and con- their motorcycle and driven down to see servatives joined, their National League of this person. On the way, their motorcycle Cities. And they came and they said the was surrounded by a gang. The motorcycle one thing that united them in terms that was upended. Her son was beaten. Some- they all agreed on was that the fundamental body put a gun up to this kid’s head, pulled problem that the decline of the American the trigger, and it didn’t go off. Her brother, family is causing in the cities. The prime not so lucky. He was beaten, and they put cause of much of the unrest, the problems a gun up to his head, and he was killed of crime, whatever, comes from the dissolu- right on the spot. This didn’t have anything tion of the American family. to do with Rodney King. This didn’t have And we think we’ve got to find ways to anything to do with anything other than strengthen that, instill character and values wanton violence. We simply cannot be in our young people; that we must encour- asked to condone that in our society. And age entrepreneurship, ownership, increase so we’re going to stand for——[applause] investment, and create jobs. Now, these In Los Angeles, I announced an addition aims have got to form the heart of our agen- to a program that’s already at work here da for economic opportunity, an agenda that can literally restore hope, can’t solve the in Philadelphia, an exciting program that we problem overnight but restore hope to our saw today, an initiative that I call ‘‘Weed inner cities. And they define what we must and Seed.’’ The idea is to weed out the do. gang leaders and drug dealers and career First, and let’s be very clear on this one, criminals and then seed the community with we have got to preserve order. We’ve got expanded employment, educational, and so- to keep the peace because families can’t cial services. So we’re going to push for thrive, children can’t live, and jobs can’t that. I’m going to push and try to see that flourish in a climate of fear. And I support we can do more for the American people the police. I saw the commissioner here with this innovative new program. today, had a great—I see Governor Mar- Secondly, we must spark an economic re- tinez, the head of our drug effort, here with vival in urban America. The best answer to him. He and I were together with the Sen- poverty is a job with dignity in the private ator and others. And I told the commis- sector, and that means establishing what we sioner and told the people out here, ‘‘We call enterprise zones in our inner cities. It support your efforts.’’ They put themselves means reforming our welfare system, put- in harm’s way to save all of us. And we ting an end to the pervasive disincentives must start by standing strongly for order that encourage welfare and discourage and keeping the peace. work. So, enterprise zones and reform of Now, those thoughts were foremost in my welfare. mind from the first hours of the violence Thirdly, we’ve got to revolutionize Amer- in Los Angeles. A civilized society simply ican education. I might add, parenthetically, cannot tackle any of the really tough prob- that I wish Barbara was here to see what lems in the midst of chaos. It’s just that you’re doing with this show of support for simple. Violence and brutality destroy order. literacy. Mr. Notebaert, wherever he may be, They destroy the rule of law. They must I would like to make this contribution. I’m never be rationalized. And it must be con- not trying to sell this. [Laughter] This is demned, violence, whenever you find it; we ‘‘Millie’s Book,’’ and we want to donate this must condemn it as a society. here as a contribution from the breadwinner When I was out in Los Angeles, I called in the Bush family. So please, we want

745 May 11 / Administration of George Bush, 1992 the record to show we brought a book in. row I’ll be meeting with the leaders to try Now, we have a good education program. to get it done. It’s no longer good enough It burns me up when I hear some of the to try the old ones. Let’s try these new ideas old thinkers, the pass-the-mandated-Fed- and see if they can’t help some of the kids eral-program thinkers, criticize. We have a that we saw today here in Philadelphia. program called America 2000. It’s an inno- My first order of business is, then, to vative strategy, and it has things in it like build a bipartisan effort in support of imme- choice. You can choose your colleges; why diate action on this agenda. We won’t settle not choose your schools and thus make for business-as-usual, measuring what we them more competitive? achieve by the size of the bureaucracy we Competition, community action, all of build or the number of mandated programs these things are a part of it. Children in we can send down to these communities our inner cities deserve the same opportunities that kids in the suburbs have, and that’s who are crying out for flexibility. This time, what a lot of that program is about. That we’ve got to put our principles to work and means we’ve got to break the power of the take the case for change directly to the establishment, the education establishment. American people. And whether it’s public or private or reli- What’s going on in urban America is just gious, parents, not the government, should one part, though, of a larger issue because be free to choose their children’s schools. the need for reform doesn’t end simply with I am going to fight for that concept. our inner cities. It starts with the revolution Then another ingredient of our urban pol- in American education that I mentioned. icy, and one I’ve been trying to get through America 2000, we call it. It starts with that. for a long time, is homeownership. And I’ve When you get down to what we’ve got to never understood how anyone could be condo really to be competitive in the future, tent with the present system, to take pride to offer kids an opportunity, it is education. in the warehousing of the poor. The aim And it includes our aggressive action, also, behind our HOPE initiative is to give poor to break down barriers to free trade. Open- families a stake, give them a stake in their ing markets to American goods the world communities, to give them something of over has got to be a part of it. In each value they can pass along to their kids, by case, we’ve taken aim at the status quo, and turning public housing tenants into home- we’ve set our sights on change. That’s why owners. And we are going to fight for that I’m fighting hard for a GATT agreement. principle. That’s why we have proposed and are work- At every turn during my time in L.A., ing with Mexico’s able President, Carlos Sa- I heard people talking about the principles linas, to try to get a North American free that guide these initiatives. And these trade agreement. It will mean more jobs weren’t big shots; these were community leaders. These were people that were out for the United States, more jobs for Mexico, there on the front line trying to help the and a Mexico much better able to do what kids. Personal responsibility, that was one; it must do with its environment and do what opportunity; ownership; independence; and it must do in controlling its own borders. then, of course, with great pride, dignity. America needs legal reform to put an end And you know the sound of those words. to these outrageous court awards that sap We all do. It really adds up to the American our economy and strain our civility. We’ve dream. gotten to a point where doctors won’t de- And we all know what the critics will say, liver babies, where fathers are afraid to and you’ve heard it. They’ll say, ‘‘Well, coach Little League, all because of the fear you’ve proposed all this before, Mr. Presi- of some frivolous lawsuit. That won’t change dent.’’ And the answer: It’s true. That’s until people spend less time suing each right. But now it is time to act on these other and more time helping each other. proposals because this time they know we And we’ve got to change the laws in Wash- are right. We are right, and we want to ington. We must and we will reform the get it passed through the Congress. Tomor- legal system.

746 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / May 11

Now, we need health care reform and to to the point, the dissolution of the family. open up access to affordable health care for And they’re right. They’re absolutely right. all Americans. I was talking to Charlie about And ask yourself: What’s the determining this a little earlier here. It used to be that fact right now for whether a child has hope, going to the hospital didn’t conjure up vi- stays in school, stays away from drugs? It sions of financial suicide. Today, the cost is not Government spending. It’s not the of even minor surgery has gone right out number of SBA loans or HUD grants. It’s through the roof. More than 30 million whether a child lives in a loving home with Americans have no health care coverage at a mother and a father. all. Barbara Bush was absolutely right when We can change that. And we can do it she said, ‘‘What happens in the White better than some of these nationalized pro- House doesn’t matter half as much as what grams that we’re hearing about from the happens in your house.’’ We have tried, opposition. We have a comprehensive health care reform plan that will help us both of us, augmented by tons of grand- keep the quality health care. Make no mis- children, et cetera, to put the emphasis on take about it, people are still pouring into American family, put that emphasis first. the United States for specialized care be- That’s why I keep coming back to the cause they know we have the best quality Good Samaritans that we have called and health care in the entire world. So we want will continue to call Points of Light: Every- to keep the quality health care that makes body here devoting some time to helping us first in the world and at the same time someone else in the community. The people open up access to all Americans. who help the poor, the elderly, kids in trou- Contrary to what the big Government ble, and never ask a nickel in return. Gov- folks say, we can do it without putting the ernment alone simply cannot create the Government in charge of everybody’s health scale and the energy needed to transform care. If you want to stand in line, you can the lives of people in need. Let the cynics go to the department of motor vehicles. You scoff about it, but we know these volunteers don’t need to go for a nationalized health are the lifeblood of the American spirit. care program. Let’s face it, national health And I wish you could have been with me care, in my view, literally would be a costly today because you heard it: Community ac- national disaster, and I am not going to let tion. People overburdened with financial that happen. We are going to fight for our problems but finding time to help the guy plan of reform that gives access to insurance next door. It was a wonderful thing we saw to the poor and the middle-income people right here in some of the most impoverished alike. That’s what we need, and that’s what areas of Philadelphia. It was a community I believe we’ll be able to get when we take spirit. Government has a role, but it never this case to the American people. can supplant the propensity of one Amer- So far, I’ve spoken a little bit about what ican to help another. So we’ve got to find Government can do. So let me conclude ways to help in that concept and help en- by speaking about what society absolutely must do. Because there’s something society courage it. must cultivate that Government cannot pro- I believe there is a great future in store vide, something we can’t legislate, some- because I believe that all of these principles thing that we can’t make happen by Gov- will be coming into focus now. I believe ernment order. I’m talking about the moral we’re right about family. I think we’re right sense that guides us all. In the simplest of about freedom and free enterprise, and I terms—you want to get it to fundamen- think we’re right about faith. Most of all, tals—I’m talking about knowing right from I think we are right about America’s future. wrong and then doing what’s right. You know, we’ve been through a very You go back to Los Angeles for a minute. tough time. There’s been a sluggish econ- Time and again the people I met with there omy with recession in many parts of the put their finger on one root cause for the country. I have a feeling this thing is begin- turmoil we see, and that, of course, back ning to move a little bit, and it’s long over-

747 May 11 / Administration of George Bush, 1992 due. I hope like heck I’m right this time, these little community centers. but I really do feel that it’s beginning to Thank you all very much for your support. move. And with that there will be a return Save a little energy for the campaign in the of this innate feeling of American optimism. fall. I’m going to need you. But I believe And when it happens, let’s all vow that we we’re going to win this election. Thank you will save time to help the other guy, to do very, very much. what we can to be Points of Light. We’ve got the strength. We’ve got the Note:. The President spoke at 7:40 p.m. in spirit in our Government. We’ve got it. You the Grand Ballroom at the Hotel Atop the can sense it even in the ravaged commu- Bellevue. In his remarks, he referred to nities of Los Angeles. We’ve got it in our- Peter Terpeluk, Jr., and David Girard- selves to transform America into the Nation diCarlo, dinner cochairmen; Representative we’ve dreamed of for generations. So don’t Lawrence Coughlin, Bush-Quayle Pennsyl- listen to those doomsayers. Don’t listen to vania cochairman; Barbara Hafer, Pennsyl- those top 20 seconds that tell you every- vania auditor-general; Elsie Hillman, Bush- thing that’s wrong with the United States Quayle Pennsylvania chairman; Dexter of America. We are the freest and the fair- Baker, Bush-Quayle regional cochairman; est and the best country on the face of the Bobby Holt and Wally Ganzi, Bush-Quayle Earth. And we are going to get the job national finance cochairmen; Charlie Kopp, done. Bush-Quayle Pennsylvania finance chair- We have nothing to be apologetic for. man; Willie Williams, Philadelphia police We’ve got big problems. But the message, commissioner; Bob Martinez, Director of the I think, is if we can try this new approach, Office of National Drug Control Policy; and I believe we can solve them and offer hope Edmond Notebaert, president and chief ex- to those little kids we saw with their eyes ecutive officer, Children’s Hospital of Phila- bulging as we came by there today into delphia.

Statement on Urban Aid Initiatives May 12, 1992

Today I am discussing with Congress a Government programs. strategy to bring hope and opportunity to We must start with policies that refocus distressed communities. Our action is based programs to serve those who are most on bedrock American values: personal re- needy and increase the effectiveness of sponsibility, work, and family. We must end Government services through innovation, the cycle of dependency and give all Ameri- competition, and choice. Our approach is cans a place at the table of economic oppor- a radical break with the policies of the past. tunity. But as Abraham Lincoln once said, ‘‘It is Clearly, the time has come to set aside time to think and act anew.’’ old ideas and try something new. We in My action plan consists of six core compo- Government have a responsibility to act now to guarantee a hopeful future for the chil- nents: dren of this Nation, a future where people (1) ‘‘Weed and Seed’’: Our families can- are safe, neighborhoods can flourish, chil- not thrive and jobs cannot flourish in a cli- dren can learn, and jobs can be created. mate of lawlessness and fear. Our ‘‘Weed All Americans share the common goals and Seed’’ initiative to combat crime wins of equal opportunity, advancement, and up- back our inner cities by weeding out gang ward mobility. But the American dream is leaders, drug dealers, and career criminals hindered by too many obstacles: unsafe cit- and seeding communities with expanded ies, slow economic growth, an out-of-date employment, educational, and social serv- education system, and dependency-creating ices.

748 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / May 12

(2) HOPE: When people lack jobs, oppor- envisions an America in which all parents tunity, or ownership of property, they have have the choice of the best schools avail- little or no stake in their communities. Our able, public, private, or parochial. HOPE (Homeownership and Opportunity (5) Welfare Reform: While no one dis- for People Everywhere) initiative fosters a putes that government has an obligation to sense of community pride by offering inner- provide a safety net to those in need, there city residents a chance for homeownership is too much emphasis on programs that pe- and management of public housing. nalize ambition, promote alienation, and de- (3) Enterprise Zones: We must spark an stroy individual dignity. We must encourage economic revival in urban America to create family formation and allow individuals to jobs and opportunity. Our enterprise zones fulfill their potential for a productive, mean- initiative encourages businesses to reenter ingful life. our inner cities by creating tax credits, ex- (6) Youth Jobs—Youth Apprenticeships panding capital investment, and bringing and Job Training 2000: The health of our regulatory relief to some of the Nation’s cities and our economy depend on a skilled most economically depressed areas. work force and facilitating the transition of (4) Education Reform: It is time to re- students from school to work. Prompt en- form and improve American education. Our actment of our proposals can help provide education reform strategy, America 2000, job opportunities and training this summer.

Remarks on Urban Aid Initiatives and an Exchange With Reporters May 12, 1992

The President. I will be talking to the now with our America 2000, but again, we leadership in a few minutes, and we will believe that educational choice will help. be proposing these initiatives, all of them This is a little longer range proposal, but designed to increase personal responsibility, it fits in. Without education, we are not offer hope to these communities. And it’s going to restore hope to our cities. a good program. Welfare reform is important. We’re going I think most are familiar with ‘‘Weed and to go forward not just with waivers that en- Seed,’’ to weed out the criminals and then courage work- and learning-fare, but we’re seed the neighborhoods. We talked about going to try to broaden out the amount of this up in Philadelphia yesterday and in Los monies that a family can keep before they Angeles last week, and I think there’s strong have to go off of welfare. I believe the limit support for this program. now is $1,000, and I think we’re talking now HOPE is a homeownership program. And about $10,000, which would say to a person, we believe that owning the home is the best if you save anything, you’re not going to way to strengthen the family and to give be thrown off of welfare right away. the community stability. Then on a youth job program, we have On enterprise zones, that almost is uni- a program of $683 million, I believe it is. versally accepted now. It’s a proposal that But with our apprentice program and our will bring businesses, act like a magnet to job opportunity program that I’ve an- bring businesses into these communities. nounced and that we talked about down We are going to increase the attractiveness there in terms of job training, we want to of this proposal that we’ve had up there. go forward with some new legislation on But in any event, it’s going to be—I think that. it will be accepted by the Congress. We’re All of these are designed to restore hope going to push hard for it, as we will for and to bring some cohesion to these com- the others. munities and offer these young people some I think most are familiar in the country opportunities. So I will be taking this to the

749 May 12 / Administration of George Bush, 1992 leadership; in the spirit of working together, And on youth jobs there’s, I think it’s 683 I hope we can get it done. for the summer, and now we’re going up Q. Is there anything new, and does it for new authorization on youth apprentice- require—— ship and Job Training 2000. The President. These are all new. Most Q. Mr. President, where would this of these—well, ‘‘Weed and Seed’’ is in oper- money come from? The Democrats say that ation now a little bit. There are some model if you’re serious about this program, that grants right now. Philadelphia is working on you would agree to either a tax increase one. But all of these need to be tried. or reducing even further the Pentagon They’re all new in a way, yes. budget. Q. New monies? The President. I don’t think the American The President. Yes. Well, we’ll be asking people need to pay more taxes right now. for some. I think this is a good program. It is coming Q. Price tag, please? from within the budget. Some of it, as I The President. On what? say, is asked for new authority in fiscal ’93, Q. On this whole program, on your agen- but the idea that you have to raise taxes da. at this time when the economy is just start- The President. I don’t know that I can ing to recover, I’m sorry, I will not support give you the price tag on the whole pro- that. gram. I’ve written down some numbers. On Q. But then where would the money the ‘‘Weed and Seed,’’ for example, with come from specifically? going up from the model demonstrations of The President. You will have to ask Dick nine to, I believe, half a billion dollars, Darman to tell you because it’s all in the that’s new. very complicated budget proposal. Q. That’s the same figure, though, that Q. Would you give us a little more detail was announced in February, the $500 mil- about that welfare, going off of welfare? lion. The President. Well, you know, I The President. We haven’t gotten it yet. think—— It’s new. It has not been enacted. This has Q. You think people can save up to not been done. A proposal that hasn’t been $10,000 before they go off of welfare? tried is new. We need to try these new The President. No, I just think that that’s ideas; that’s the figure. a good thing for them to be able to do. Q. And where—— That’s not going to get them off of welfare. Q. Sir, did I understand you to say you What’s going to get them off of welfare is were going to give the families going off jobs, and that’s what all this is designed to of welfare $10,000? do, is to create jobs in the private sector. The President. No. I think what it is now Now there are summer job programs, but is that if you save more than $1,000, you’re we are trying to work to bring hope to the off of welfare. We’re talking about making cities. it $10,000 so people can at least save a little You know, it’s very interesting to me that bit of money while they’re on welfare. the community workers in both Los Angeles HOPE, $1 billion in ’93, that’s what we’re and Philadelphia, heavily impacted areas, asking for. are saying now is the time to try enterprise Enterprise zones, it’s hard to put a price zones. We think they’ll act like a magnet on that because we are trying to make it to bring private business into these areas more attractive in terms of how the tax of despair, and it ought to be tried. It is structure will treat these investors. But new, and it has not been tried at the Fed- there’s no price tag on that one. It is a eral level. very, very important part of it. Q. Did it take riots to do all this for all Education, you know the numbers there, of you? I think. We’re not asking for anything dif- The President. No, because as you know ferent than we’ve proposed on that one. and have been pointing out to me, some Welfare reform, I’ve told you the dif- of these things have been proposed before. ference there. But we’re going to now fight for them to

750 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / May 12 get them passed. I’m going in there in a ment and homeownership. couple of minutes in the spirit of coopera- Thank you all very much. We’ve got to tion, holding out my hand to Congress and get ready for the meeting. saying, ‘‘Look, let’s not try to get credit; let’s try to get something done for this coun- Philadelphia and Los Angeles try. Get it back to work, help these cities.’’ Q. How did you like Philadelphia? Pretty And I think this is a good program, and bad, huh? the fact that some of these ideas have been The President. Interesting, though. Golly, proposed before and have not been enacted I like the spirit of the people. But yes, the does not mean that they’re not new. They last part was more desolate than the first are new. part. But the first part showed that the po- Race Relations lice getting involved like that made a tre- Q. Mr. President, how are you going to mendous difference on the drug fight. The address the racial divisions and racial mis- message was very, very encouraging and up- understandings in this country? beat. We would go out into these satellite The President. Speak out against it as I’ve precinct stations, and it was wonderful. been doing and continue to. And I think Incidentally, in here I have not talked that’s the best thing a President can do, about the things we have done in terms of speak out against bigotry and racial hatred. dollars for Los Angeles up to now, some I believe I’ve been doing that over and over $600 million-plus, not counting the law en- again, and I’ll keep doing it. forcement part of that. So there’s a substantial amount of money going into L.A. that U.N. Conference on Environment I—— Q. The Secretary-General of the U.N. Is Q. Do you think, though, that the riots here today. Have you decided to go to Rio? are going to at least make it more possible Are you going to tell him that you’re going for these programs to be accepted? to Rio? The President. I hope so. I think so. Yes, The President. Stay tuned. We’ll talk I do, because I think people are saying about that when I see him. we’ve got to do something new. And I hear that from both sides of the aisle, so we’ll Cooperation With Congress see. Q. Sir, will you be listening to the Demo- cratic proposals as well? I know some Cooperation With Congress match, but—— Q. Are you willing to meet the Democrats The President. Yes, some match. And cer- halfway, sir, compromise? tainly what we want to do is find common The President. I don’t know what that ground and move this country forward. And means. I’m willing to try to get some new I think we’ve got to do that, Helen [Helen programs going, and these are the ones I’m Thomas, United Press International]. going to push. So I don’t know what halfway HOPE is on a proposal like that. Q. Is this a new, new you? Q. Can you give us a little more detail The President. No, same me. [Laughter] on number two? Actually, it’s not a bad way to do it. The President. Homeownership? Q. You like being conciliatory, don’t you? Q. Yes. The President. I’ve always been that way, The President. Well, it’s just simply a Helen; you’ve known that for years. question of encouraging people to own their own homes instead of building more projects. You know, some accuse us of pull- Note: The President spoke at 9:35 a.m. in ing back on housing funds. That is not cor- the Oval Office at the White House, prior rect. Now, we don’t believe that building to a meeting with congressional leaders. Part these projects is the answer. We want to of this exchange could not be verified be- see the money going into tenant manage- cause the tape was incomplete.

751 May 12 / Administration of George Bush, 1992

Remarks and an Exchange With Reporters Prior to Discussions With United Nations Secretary-General Boutros Boutros-Ghali May 12, 1992

The President. Let me just say first how can move forward. delighted I am to see the Secretary-General Now, I don’t want to take any more ques- again, and also perhaps the world’s most tions in here because we’ve got a lot to renowned international environmentalist, talk about with the U.N. Secretary-General. Mr. Maurice Strong, whom I’ve known for But let me just say before we close off many, many years. those machines, in my view he came into I want to take this opportunity to say that the United Nations at a very difficult time, I will be going to Rio, to the important but also perhaps the most challenging time meeting there. I think that we have a big in its history as it begins to fulfill its mission stake. I take great pride in the fact that, in not just the social and economic side that in many ways, the U.S. has been a leader Maurice Strong’s been so active in but in for environmental matters. I’m convinced the political side. I’m talking about peace- that we can have jobs and economic growth keeping, peacemaking. And he is off to a as well as sound economic environmental fantastic start, and I want to work with him practice. I will be taking the U.S. message to see where the United States can be as to Rio to that end. And I’m very pleased cooperative as possible with the United Na- that it’s been worked out. And I called the tions. They’re doing a lot of things that ben- President of Brazil a few minutes ago, Fer- efit mankind in both the economic and so- nando Collor, who is most interested in this. cial council, all those agenda items, and now But I’m grateful to both of you. And we in this very important peacekeeping, begin- have lots to talk about, but I did want to ning to fulfill the dream of the founders, get that message out. and that’s very, very important. Q. How long will you stay? Will you go Q. Does that mean you’re going to give for the whole meeting? them some more money? The President. Well, no, I couldn’t pos- The President. Well, I don’t know, Sarah sibly do that. We have an election on in [Sarah McClendon, McClendon News Serv- the United States this year and plus some ice]. You’ve got a price tag on everything. other pressing problems. I’m going to tell him we don’t have all the Q. Are you involved? money we’d like. The President. No, it’s a very com- Q. Is the accord watered down so much plicated—and I explained that to Brazil’s that they say it’s so filled with ambiguities President, my dear friend, and I think he now that—— understands it. But we haven’t actually The President. Oh, I don’t think so. picked a date. We can talk, I guess, if They’ve got a broad agenda for this Con- there’s one that seems better than others. ference, and people have been focusing on But I won’t be able to stay long. We’ll have one part of it. But we’ve got lots to talk representation there, good, high-level, about down there. strong representation, but I’m very pleased Thank you all very much. that it’s been worked out so that I can be a part of this important meeting. Q. Mr. President, after your meeting with congressional leaders, are you encouraged that compromises can be found quickly? The President. Well, I was talking to Mar- Note: The President spoke at 11:35 a.m. in lin about it, and I understand that the spirit the Oval Office. In his remarks, he referred that was in that room, a spirit of ‘‘let’s get to Maurice Strong, Secretary General of the something done,’’ was reflected in the state- U.N. Conference on Environment and De- ments afterwards. And let’s hope that we velopment.

752 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / May 12

Statement on Attending the United Nations Conference on Environment and Development in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil May 12, 1992

I have just informed President Collor of through our bilateral aid programs and Brazil, U.N. Secretary-General Boutros- through the World Bank and the U.N. sys- Ghali, and Maurice Strong, Secretary Gen- tem. I believe our decades-long experience eral of the U.N. Conference on Environ- in developing and implementing economi- ment and Development (UNCED), that I cally sound policies can help others in im- will attend the Rio Conference in early proving the environment. June. Today’s environmental problems are In Rio, world leaders will have before global, and every nation must help in solv- them a number of documents. One of those ing them. documents will be a framework convention As the U.S. has demonstrated over more on climate change which was concluded than two decades, protecting the environ- successfully this past weekend. We are ment and encouraging economic growth can pleased with the outcome, and I congratu- go hand in hand. In fact, it is our conviction late the negotiators for joining together in that they must go hand in hand. In the early taking this historic step. This framework 1980’s, we phased out leaded gasoline. convention would not impede economic Other countries are now looking to follow growth and our ability to create new jobs. suit. We phased out aerosol propellants as Climate change is only one subject to be early as 1978, and this year we announced addressed at Rio. It is vitally important that that we will phase out all CFC’s by the progress be made as well in protecting our end of 1995. In the last 3 years, we have oceans and living marine resources, in pro- worked to extend that record, signing a new moting openness and public participation in Clean Air Act and an Oil Pollution Act, environmental decision-making, in promot- placing a moratorium on oil and gas drilling ing sound management and protection of in areas off our coasts, investing in our na- the world’s forests and biodiversity, and tional parks, launching a program to plant many other areas. a billion trees a year, and enforcing our en- I look forward to discussing how all na- vironmental laws to make the polluter pay. tions, working together, can ensure that we Abroad, the U.S. has worked hard to pro- hand over to our children and grandchildren mote responsible environmental policies a healthy and safe planet.

Statement by Press Secretary Fitzwater on the President’s Meeting with United Nations Secretary-General Boutros Boutros-Ghali May 12, 1992

The President met with United Nations nia, Cyprus, Somalia, and in other regions. Secretary-General Boutros Boutros-Ghali The President and the Secretary-General today for an hour and a half. The President also agreed on the importance of complete informed the Secretary-General of his deci- Iraqi compliance with all relevant United sion to attend the United Nations Con- Nations Security Council resolutions, par- ference on Environment and Development ticularly those concerning the elimination of (UNCED) in Rio de Janeiro in June. The weapons of mass destruction. They re- President stated his strong support for U.N. affirmed that Libya must comply with U.N. peacekeeping operations worldwide. The Security Council resolutions as well. two leaders reviewed the situation in Bos-

753 May 12 / Administration of George Bush, 1992

Remarks at a Ceremony Honoring Small Business Administration Award Winners May 12, 1992

Please be seated, and welcome. On per- private sector and 50 percent in Govern- haps the most beautiful day we’ve had here ment. And I started in small business out in the Rose Garden, I want to welcome all there in west Texas. And I thus know some- of you. Single out our Secretary of the thing of what you all go through in starting Treasury, standing up here with me; something from scratch, working with it Boyden Gray, my Counsel; and of course, night and day, and then hoping that you Pat Saiki, the SBA Administrator, who’s succeed. Success goes to those who work back from a very good mission, well-exe- hard, refuse to give up, and learn from their cuted mission to a very troubling scene in mistakes. Pat was telling me of the remark- Los Angeles. Pat runs the SBA, and she able record of the winners that we have was with me out there in L.A. as we sur- here with us today. veyed what can be done to help the city, I also know what it’s like to cope with and she’s moving out on that. Let me also regulation and paperwork from the Govern- welcome our new Chief Counsel for Advo- ment. And sometimes the bureaucracy cacy, Tom Kerester, right over here. Wel- makes things needlessly complicated. We’re come, sir. And also single out Shirley Peter- supposed to serve the taxpayers in the same son, the Commissioner at IRS. Shirley? And way the business has to serve its customers. next to her is the Deputy Secretary of the So making things needlessly complex in Treasury, John Robson. Welcome, sir. Government is not only wrong, it is bad It’s hard on this Small Business Day not for business. to think of the thousands of small business And so today, we’re going to do some- people who suffered damage out there in Los Angeles. And my commitment to them thing about that. To honor these outstand- is this: We are working to get whatever dis- ing business people, we’re going to do aster assistance the Federal Government something outstanding for small businesses can provide into their hands in record time. across the country. Every business man and They have suffered enough. And I’m trying woman sitting here can tell you how bur- to make sure that frustration with redtape densome it is to comply with IRS payroll and bureaucratic stumbling doesn’t add to tax rules. And if they can’t tell you, it’s be- their troubles. I know the SBA has been cause they’re probably paying somebody out there in the forefront of this effort else to cope with all the headaches for working with our task force that we put to- them. But today the IRS is implementing gether under the able leadership of David faster, cheaper, and simpler ways for busi- Kearns and Al DelliBovi. nesses, large and small, to deal with the As you know, today I called the congres- payroll tax system. sional leaders of both parties to the White This week, the IRS will issue a proposed House. And I’m pleased with the early re- rule to reduce the complicated deposit sults of our efforts to forge a bipartisan basis schedule. Large companies will be able to and from which to support the opportunity make payroll tax deposits on a fixed day agenda for America’s inner cities. It’s a of the week. Moreover, as many as 75 per- promising start, and we will push ahead. cent of all businesses will make payments We’re here today because it is Small Busi- just once a month. Now, these simplifica- ness Week. And we have with us from all tions will significantly reduce the cost, con- 50 States and beyond the Small Business fusion, and complexity of the payroll tax sys- Persons of the Year. Welcome to the White tem. House, America’s ultimate mom-and-pop We’re also moving forward to eliminate operation. [Laughter] all the duplicate W–2 forms and other pay- I computed this a while back, and I’ve roll tax information that employers have spent 50 percent of my adult life in the been required to supply. We’re working to

754 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / May 12 set up a single wage-reporting system so began, I’m told, as an act of love, making that separate forms don’t have to be sent hair ribbons for her granddaughters. And to the IRS and then the Departments of now the hairbows that her company sells Labor and Social Security, and State and are handmade by 450 people in rural Okla- local governments. homa who work at home and generate $5 In June, an experimental program in million in sales. And for that, Amelia is this Georgia, South Carolina, and Florida will year’s Small Business Person of the Year. let employers make tax payments electroni- Maybe you should stand up so everybody cally, without even leaving their office. And can see you. no more paper coupons to file or standing Since I announced our new moratorium in line at the bank. Small business learned on new regulations in January, our adminis- long ago that computers could do more tration has worked to reduce the burden work in less time for less cost. And it’s time Government places on the businesses of this we, therefore, bring the Government out of country. And we’ve also looked at existing the horse-and-buggy era, into the informa- regulations, like the ones I spoke of today, tion age, and stop having business do the to see now we could help the economy by Government’s paperwork. [Applause] I felt eliminating or by simplifying regulations that would go over reasonably well here. that impede economic growth for no good The IRS may not be—with all respect, reason. And I’m sure Amelia would rather Commissioner—the most popular agency in be tying a red ribbon for her granddaughter town. But look, they’re working hard now than spending all day untying redtape. So not to be the most infuriating agency in maybe this will help out. town. And we have a new, able leader and Every business dollar that goes into com- some very able people dedicated to that plying with some Government mandate is end. Last month, the IRS Center in Ogden, a dollar that won’t be spent hiring new Utah, won our award, the President’s Award workers. Two-thirds or more of the new for Quality, which goes to the Government jobs in this country, two-thirds, are created office that provides excellent public service by small business. And you are the heart in a cost-effective manner. It is this new and soul of what makes this economy work kind of attitude in Government service that and what makes the American dream pos- must be brought to every Federal bureauc- sible for your employees and for their fami- racy: putting people first, treating taxpayers lies. as customers. I will do my level-best, working with the Now, there’s a man who knows what I’m officials I’ve introduced here today and oth- talking about. The small business winners ers, to keep Government under control and here know, also, what I’m talking about. out of your way so you can go out and do James Fleming, where is he now? Right what you do best, create jobs, create goods here, sir. James Fleming started his metal and services for the American people. component business in his basement, and So, thank you all for being here. Again, he turned it into a $15 million international my congratulations to the winner. And may business. Jim’s designed everything from God bless our great country on this beau- medical equipment used in hip replace- tiful day. Thank you so much. ments to an assembly line for Jiffy Pop pop- corn. And Richard Stewart, Mr. Stewart, right here, turned a part-time hobby selling Note: The President spoke at 3:05 p.m. in natural spices into America’s largest supplier the Rose Garden at the White House. In of bulk herbs, spices, gourmet coffee, and his remarks, he referred to David T. Kearns, tea to the natural foods industry. Deputy Secretary of Education, and Alfred And then there’s Amelia McCoy. Amelia? A. DelliBovi, Deputy Secretary of Housing Right here, sitting here. Her business and Urban Development.

755 May 12 / Administration of George Bush, 1992

Message to the Senate Transmitting 1987 Partial Revision of the Radio Regulations May 12, 1992

To the Senate of the United States: States submitted two reservations and re- With a view to receiving the advice and sponded to a statement submitted by Cuba consent of the Senate to ratification, I trans- directed at U.S. use of radio frequencies mit herewith the Partial Revision of the in Guantanamo. The specific reservations Radio Regulations (Geneva, 1979) signed on and statement are addressed in the report behalf of the United States at Geneva on of the Department of State. October 17, 1987, and the United States Most of the Partial Revision of the Radio reservations and statement as contained in Regulations entered into force October 3, the Final Protocol. I transmit also, for the 1989, for governments that, by that date, information of the Senate, the report of the had notified the Secretary General of the Department of State with respect to the International Telecommunication Union of 1987 Partial Revision. their approval thereof; provisions specifically The 1987 Revision constitutes a partial re- related to the maritime mobile service in vision of the Radio Regulations (Geneva the high frequency bands entered into force 1979), to which the United States is a party. on July 1, 1991. The primary purpose of the present revision I believe that the United States should, is to update the existing regulations pertain- subject to the reservations mentioned ing to the mobile radio services to take into above, become a party to the 1987 Partial account technical advances and the rapid Revision, which has the potential to improve growth of these services, and to implement mobile radio-communications worldwide. It the Global Maritime Distress and Safety is my hope that the Senate will take early System. The revised regulations, with the action on this matter and give its advice two exceptions noted below, are consistent and consent to ratification. with the positions taken by the United GEORGE BUSH States at the 1987 World Administrative Radio Conference for the Mobile Services. The White House, At the time of signature, the United May 12, 1992.

Statement by Press Secretary Fitzwater on Proposed Extension of the Emergency Unemployment Compensation Program May 12, 1992

The President and the congressional Re- includes 20 weeks of extended benefits in publican leadership jointly announced a high unemployment States) and 39 weeks proposal to extend the Emergency Unem- of benefits (which includes 13 weeks of ex- ployment Compensation Program from the tended benefits in all other States) until Jan- current expiration date of July 4, 1992, to uary 2, 1993. Thereafter, these extended March 6, 1993. Senate Republican leader benefits would be paid for 10 weeks and Bob Dole, Senator Bob Packwood, and 7 weeks until March 1, 1993. Total costs House Republican leader Bob Michel of the new benefits are estimated to be $2.5 joined the President in announcing the ex- billion. These costs would be fully paid for tension. by offsets contained in the President’s 1993 The proposal would continue the payment budget. of a total of 46 weeks of benefits (which Further, the proposal directs that Adviso-

756 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / May 12 ry Council on Unemployment Compensa- through the Disaster Unemployment Assist- tion to study and make recommendations ance Program. on permanent unemployment compensation The President stated, ‘‘I urge the Con- reforms by February 1, 1993. gress to join us in setting aside partisan poli- As previously announced, workers who tics and moving expeditiously to pass this are unemployed as a result of the disturb- extension so that unemployed workers will ances in Los Angeles and who may not know they can count on these benefits as qualify for standard unemployment benefits the economy begins to recover.’’ will be receiving unemployment benefits

Statement by Press Secretary Fitzwater on the President’s Meeting With Prime Minister Patrick Manning of Trinidad and Tobago May 12, 1992

The President met this afternoon with coordinated counternarcotics strategy and Prime Minister Patrick Manning of Trinidad thanked him for his quick action in address- and Tobago. The President congratulated ing the drug problem. The Prime Minister him on his plans to further liberalize Trini- expressed his appreciation to the President dad and Tobago’s economy by removing im- for the support of the United States and port restrictions and promoting privatiza- reaffirmed his commitment to economic re- tion. He praised Prime Minister Manning’s forms and a strong counternarcotics effort.

Nomination of Marilyn McAfee To Be United States Ambassador to Guatemala May 12, 1992

The President today announced his inten- served as Counselor of Public Affairs at the tion to nominate Marilyn McAfee, of Flor- U.S. Embassy in Santiago, Chile, 1986–89; ida, a career member of the Senior Foreign and in Caracas, Venezuela, 1983–86. Service, class of Minister-Counselor, to be Ms. McAfee graduated from the Univer- Ambassador to the Republic of Guatemala. sity of Pennsylvania (B.A., 1961) and Johns She would succeed Thomas F. Stroock. Hopkins University (M.A.T., 1962). She was Since 1989, Ms. McAfee has served as born January 23, 1940, in Portsmouth, NH. Deputy Chief of Mission at the U.S. Em- Ms. McAfee resides in Jacksonville, FL. bassy in La Paz, Bolivia. Prior to this, she

Nomination of Robert F. Goodwin To Be United States Ambassador to New Zealand and Western Samoa May 12, 1992

The President today announced his inten- and to serve concurrently and without addition to nominate Robert F. Goodwin, of tional compensation as Ambassador to West- Maryland, to be Ambassador to New Zealand ern Samoa. He would succeed Della M.

757 May 12 / Administration of George Bush, 1992

Newman. ada, 1990 to present. From 1977 to 1991, Mr. Goodwin served Mr. Goodwin graduated from Northwest- as staff vice president and director of govern University (B.S., 1958). He was born ernmental affairs at the Meredith Corp. in August 11, 1936, in Des Moines, IA. Mr. Washington, DC. In addition, he has served Goodwin served in the U.S. Air Force Re- as a U.S. Commissioner on the International serves, 1959–65. He is married, has three Joint Commission, United States and Can- children, and resides in Bethesda, MD.

Nomination of David J. Dunford To Be United States Ambassador to Oman May 12, 1992

The President today announced his inten- of Egyptian Affairs at the Bureau of Near tion to nominate David J. Dunford, of Ari- East and South Asian Affairs at the Depart- zona, to be Ambassador Extraordinary and ment of State, 1984–87. Plenipotentiary of the United States of Mr. Dunford graduated from the Massa- America to the Sultanate of Oman. He chusetts Institute of Technology (B.S., would succeed Richard Wood Boehm. 1964) and Stanford University (M.A., 1965; Since 1988, Mr. Dunford has served as M.A., 1976). He was born February 24, Deputy Chief of Mission at the U.S. Em- 1943, in Glen Ridge, NJ. Mr. Dunford is bassy in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. Prior to this, married, has two children, and resides in he served as Office Director of the Office Tucson, AZ.

Remarks at the Arrival Ceremony for President Patricio Aylwin of Chile May 13, 1992

Friends of Chile and the United States Chilean democracy. In 1913, Teddy Roo- and ladies and gentlemen. President Aylwin, sevelt visited Chile and spoke of a ‘‘demo- I’m honored to welcome you to the White cratic experiment on a far vaster scale than House, an opportunity not only to exchange has ever been attempted anywhere else in views but to return that wonderfully warm the world.’’ Next month, your people will hospitality that I received in Chile. salute that experiment through Chile’s first Mr. President, you once described Chile’s local elections in 20 years. success in this way: ‘‘The reflection of a ma- And democracy has also spurred your ture country that knows what it wants and economy. Chile has married a free people is able to achieve it by means of the demo- with free markets, a union that has resulted cratic process.’’ in faster economic growth than any other Well, that maturity has been hard won; economy in Latin America over the last dec- Americans shared your pain during some ade. A successful conclusion to the Uruguay dark days in Chile when democracy was a round of GATT will enhance that trend. Al- fading dream and peace a faded hope. But ready, your trade barriers are falling, your it has been won. Today, your government exports rising. As a member of the Cairns serves its people and serves as a model to Group, you’ve led the way against agricul- others. The same may be said of your lead- tural subsidies and protectionism. The ership. Since taking office, you have revived United States and Chile are two of the

758 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / May 13 world’s foremost proponents of free trade, the United Nations, and then in the com- and we look forward to working with you munity of nations. Your people are working to expand bilateral and global trade as rap- for peace and freedom in Kuwait, El Sal- idly as possible. vador, Guatemala, and Cambodia. You I applaud your achievements, and so did joined your neighbors to defend democracy, the Inter-American Development Bank, first at last year’s OAS General Assembly, turning first to Chile to implement its in- then most recently in Haiti, Peru, and Ven- vestment policy support program. Under ezuela. our Enterprise for the Americas Initiative, There’s a poem called Machado’s Chile was first to have a portion of its offi- ‘‘Caminante.’’ There’s one line that stands cial debt to the United States forgiven be- out, and here it is: ‘‘Traveler, there is no cause we want democracy to succeed. Not road, you make a road in traveling.’’ Mr. only do our people share what your govern- President, I believe Chile is that traveler, ment called the ‘‘community of ideas, of traveling the road of history, a history made feelings and needs,’’ we share this land. We one step at a time. Chile offers an eloquent share more than the New World; we share rebuke to those enemies of democracy on a responsibility to keep our world new. So, the extremes of left or right who try to mis- last February, under the Enterprise for the lead and confuse the people. Chile shows Americas Initiative, we signed an agreement how liberty can not only shape a nation of helping Chile create an environmental great promise but ensure its people a legacy project fund with money which would have of promises kept. otherwise serviced debt. So, traveling together, Mr. President, we And we will continue to address bilateral will keep our promises, and we will make economic concerns under our 1990 trade ours a road to a better tomorrow. We are and investment framework agreement. Our honored to welcome you to Washington as challenge now is to build on those begin- our guest, one of this hemisphere’s truly nings and show why Bernardo O’Higgins, great leaders. Welcome, sir. Chile’s great champion of freedom, wrote, ‘‘The Americans are giving great hope to philosophers and patriots alike.’’ Note: The President spoke at 10:13 a.m. on Today, Chile gives hope to an entire the South Lawn at the White House. In his hemisphere. With market-oriented reforms, remarks, he referred to the Cairns Group, you’ve led by example. In international rela- a 13-nation group supporting agricultural tions, you’re leading through integrity. trade liberalization and free market policies Other nations count on Chilean leadership in the Uruguay round of multilateral trade in the Organization of American States, in negotiations.

Remarks to the Health Care and Business Community in Baltimore, Maryland May 13, 1992

Thank you, Dr. Heyssel, for that introduc- to a great man. tion. I understand that you’ll be retiring in We also have with us today my top ad- a few weeks as CEO of Johns Hopkins viser on health and our head of HHS, Dr. Health System, after 20 years of building Lou Sullivan; where’s Lou? Right over be- bridges with this marvelous community. I hind me—who you met earlier on. But I got briefed on this, and I’m told that you’ll just want to say what a joy it is to have him leave a great legacy, that new outpatient at my side as we try to come up with better clinic which bears your name and opens for answers for America’s health care. He’s business on Monday, a well-deserved tribute doing a superb job there. And I want to

759 May 13 / Administration of George Bush, 1992 single out also another that has been at my who lost businesses due to the unrest out side all day and is an awful lot of the time, there. It’s one way that we can underscore that I have great respect for, and that’s Gov- the fact that we are serious about helping ernor Schaefer, the Governor of your State, Los Angeles recover. I think the Nation is who is with us here today. We also have focusing on how well all levels of govern- several members of the legislature, the city ment come to bear on helping in the recov- council from Baltimore. I’m glad to see Mr. ery and the re-stimulation of the community Winters, an old friend who’s CEO of the there in Los Angeles. Prudential. And he’s been to the White Beyond our urgent emergency aid, we House to discuss the future of our Nation’s have got to take action to bring hope and health care with me. And then of course, opportunity to Los Angeles. But it’s not just Barbara Hill, you’ll get around her for about Los Angeles, it is to all American cities. Yes- 5 minutes, and you’re semi-exhausted. The terday we had a good meeting with the con- energy and the enthusiasm that she brings to this health plan is simply contagious. I gressional leaders, Republican and Demo- have a much better feeling what it’s all crat. We outlined, or I did, a six-point plan about just by being around Barbara Hill. for a new America: Our ‘‘Weed and Seed’’ Thank you very much for a great day. crime initiative, weed out the criminals, I don’t know whether it’s appropriate or seed the neighborhoods so that you can not to be discussing medical care here at have hope and opportunity there. Our Dunbar, the home of the Dunbar Poets, HOPE initiative, it’s a homeownership, but nevertheless, to all at Dunbar, my sin- housing initiative. I think enterprise zones cere thanks. And with their unbeaten streak, we’ve heard a lot of talk about, but when maybe Pete Pompey should become my ad- we were out in California, the community viser on health care as well as on fitness. leaders all urged that we try this concept [Laughter] of enterprise zones to attract like a magnet, But I was interested to hear about the draw business and opportunity into the school’s cooperative health studies with communities. Fourth, and a little longer run Johns Hopkins, which is not only on a sum- answer, is education reform. I’m kind of mit in Baltimore but is at the summit of preaching to the choir right here in Dunbar medical excellence for our whole country. on that one because there’s an awful lot It’s terrific that nearly 20 percent of of innovation going on in Baltimore in the Dunbar’s student body is involved in this schools and in Maryland generally. But edu- health studies program, 20 percent. And I cation reform is essential. Welfare reform, also want to recognize another institution I think, is essential. And then, of course, that calls Dunbar home, Sojourner-Douglass a strong jobs program for city youth across College, for its strong commitment to the the country. Baltimore community. So these are the ingredients or the tools Before sharing with you a few observations on health care, let me just touch on that we are going to try to work with. I’d an issue that I know is of concern to all like to use this opportunity to report to the Americans, everyone concerned about con- American people that yesterday’s meeting ditions particularly in America’s inner cities, put partisanship aside, and I am very hope- with special reference in these remarks to ful that we can get something done for this Los Angeles. In addition to FEMA, the country. I am pleased with the early reac- emergency management, and to SBA, the tion, as I say, but now the thing is to follow Small Business Administration’s assistance, up and push ahead. the Federal Home Loan Bank System is Now, to the reason that’s brought us all going to make available $600 million to fi- together. I really had a wonderful experi- nance the rebuilding of housing and busi- ence here spending some time four blocks nesses in Los Angeles. These loans, made over in the East Baltimore Medical Center. through the Community Investment Pro- It is a terrific example for the rest of the grams, are good news for the people who country. And the rest of the country can lost homes and jobs as well as the owners follow this example. It’s based on a special

760 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / May 13 kind of public-private partnership, and the gency room. They’d be seeing him for the kind that we’ve been advocating, in this case first time so they wouldn’t know his back- among Johns Hopkins, the Pru, the Pruden- ground; they wouldn’t know if he’d had a tial Insurance Company, the State of Mary- tetanus shot or if he were allergic to, say, land, and the Federal Government. It’s that penicillin. They’d have to spend that time broad a partnership. and money doing unnecessary tests, maybe This problem-solving partnership ad- double treatment. But now when he shows vances what’s known as coordinated care, up at his center’s urgent care unit, they just the future of health care in this country. check his history and treat him faster and Thanks to this partnership, this is the larg- at a fraction of the cost. est, the largest and fastest growing HMO I am excited to see so many pieces of in Maryland. It was there, 8 years ago, that this comprehensive health reform program Hopkins helped pioneer the concept of a that we are promoting already successfully Medicaid HMO. And it’s great to see at work right here at EBMC. I introduced EBMC’s success because it proves what I a plan February 6 to address the twin chal- strongly believe, that we can meet the challenges of expanding access and of contain- lenge of controlling health care costs while ing cost, while building on the strengths of providing the finest quality service. When this present health care system. I was deter- I think of Johns Hopkins, I think of the mined to treat the root causes of our prob- quality of medical care, the quality of re- lems, not just the symptoms. Above all, our search, and we must not adopt a plan that plan is inspired by the words of physician diminishes the quality of American health Frederick Banting, ‘‘You must begin with care. So I congratulate you. For while this an ideal and end with an ideal.’’ HMO saves members, employers and government money, health care stays first-rate, In the greatest, most technologically ad- and it’s a great example. vanced Nation on the face of the Earth, The key to this center’s success, especially there is no reason that one of seven Ameri- for Medicaid patients, is that coordinated cans has no health insurance. And what we health care makes creative approaches pos- must do is clear. We must guarantee every sible. It provides quality care at lower cost American access, access to affordable health with an emphasis on, and we saw it right insurance. there, prevention. It’s just plain common Let’s face it. We are in a peculiar year, sense. We’re better off keeping people in an election year, when all kinds of crazy healthy rather than treating them after things happen out there. And it seems like they’re sick. everyone’s got a prescription for health care. Just Monday, Lou Sullivan and I met with And yes, people want quality care they can some leaders on our effort to improve infant afford and rely on. But we don’t need to health and immunization. There’s nothing put the Government between the patients that makes the case for coordinated care and their doctors. And we don’t need to like seeing these healthy kids. Preventive build a whole new Federal bureaucracy. We medicine improves the quality of life for pa- need commonsense, comprehensive health tients and certainly saves a lot of unneces- care reform, and we need to start on it right sary expenditures. Coordinated care can now. work for all Americans. But it’s especially Sure, the other approaches can sound important for Medicaid recipients. It en- great, but you’ve got to look at what you sures they get care when they need it, really get. National health insurance, believe where they need it, and that they get it me, means more taxes, long lines, long wait- in a cost-effective way. EBMC proves this ing lists, and here’s a matter of great con- is a viable alternative to the opposite of co- cern to people that are in this area of ordinated care, that fee-for-service system. excellence, lower quality care. Their idea It also means better care for a kid who for cost control is flat out what you call steps on a rusty nail out on Orleans Street. price fixing, an idea we know just simply Before belonging to a coordinated care cen- will not work. Look at Medicare, which ter, he would have gone to Hopkins emer- adopts set prices for many seniors’ health

761 May 13 / Administration of George Bush, 1992 services. But Medicare inflation far out- cess up. stripped private health care inflation in the First, the plan will cut the runaway costs seventies and the eighties, and it is still of health care by making the system more growing at 12 percent. The national rate efficient. We’ll call for innovative ap- of inflation, thank heavens, is far below 12 proaches like the one we see here in east percent, and cost containment is not its Baltimore. Secondly, it will wring out waste strong suit. Price fixing by Congress has and excess. Third, it will control Federal never worked before, and in my view, it growth, since health care is the fastest grow- simply will not work. ing part of the Federal budget. And fourth, The so-called—we were talking about this my plan will make health care more acces- coming in over in the car—the so-called sible by making it more affordable. We’ll ‘‘play or pay’’ approach, in my view, is provide up to $3,750 in health insurance equally unsound. Even many proponents credit or deductions for low- and middle- admit that it will melt down into national income families—they have to use that to health insurance within a few years. It does purchase insurance—and guarantee access nothing to address the cost problem, where to insurance for all low-income Americans. patients don’t know or care how much These credits, combined with market re- health plans cost, nothing except to once forms, will bring health insurance to ap- again try to fix the prices. It’s a package proximately 30 million now uninsured full of empty promises. Our comprehensive Americans. reform plan is based on these commonsense principles: Competition, consumer choice, Maryland is already getting on board this quality, I come back to that, and efficiency. voucher approach with bipartisan legislation. Now while most people in this country The Maryland State House, I’m told, has are provided the highest quality health care outlined a standard health package to cover in the world, millions of others are unin- all low-income Marylanders through tax sured. And those are the ones we’ve got credits. The proposal to implement this tax to worry about. They are the ones that must credit plan passed the house a few weeks be covered. And we must make people ago and is being reviewed in the legislature aware of the costs and varying quality of this year. Under my plan, this type of low- care, so they’ll be better consumers. But income credit would be available in all there will always be a limit to how cost- States, and Maryland would have the ability sensitive we can make people. When a kid and financial help it needs to make this re- falls off a bike or cracks his head, not many form into a living reality. parents question the cost of a CAT scan I’ve proposed the most comprehensive or an MRI; their kid’s health is too precious health care package out there. And now is to bargain over. the time to challenge the Congress and to So the competitive answer must be to see if it’s interested in this kind of real regroup our consumers together. We must form. Ours is a plan that will fundamentally combine small employers, who often pay restructure, and this is the point, restructure the bills, and individuals into large, edu- health care in America. cated, informed purchasing groups that can There are steps we can and must take drive efficiencies back into the health care right now. Part of our plan entails signifi- system. These health insurance networks cant reform of the insurance markets, for are going to pool, what we call pooling. which there is a strong bipartisan support. They will pool consumer information. They Senator Bentsen, Chairman Dan Rosten- will pool risk, and they will pool purchasing kowski of the Ways and Means Committee, power to make the system more responsive Senate Republicans, the House Republican to the demands of the consumer. Our plan task force all support very similar reforms will dramatically reform our market-based that with certain changes, some modifica- system. It will ensure that quality care is tion, can and should be passed immediately. within reach of every American family, and Congress must begin to move now. Even it will preserve choice. It will keep costs if all they do this year is just pass our insur- down, and we believe that it will keep ac- ance market reform, we’ll at least get a

762 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / May 13 start on changing the system. These reforms priate to bring out these specifics here in will go a long way toward curing the inequi- Baltimore, an area where you’ve had so ties in cost and coverage under existing much innovation, so much excellence, so health insurance practices. much success. So I just want you to know There’s another bipartisan reform package we’re serious about this. We are going to out there. It was proposed by Senator Pat continue to push for it, and we must get Moynihan and Senator Dave Durenberger, started right now. and that is in most respects consistent, it I have learned a lot today, and I am very is, with my plan and would promote much grateful to those who have shown me what greater use of coordinated care in Medicaid. is going on in this exceptional health care East Baltimore knows that this works. We facility. I’ve always had great respect for must make it easier for the rest of the coun- what is going on in Johns Hopkins, this in- try to follow your pioneering road to better stitution of excellence in every category. health care. In fact, as part of our plan for So as I conclude, let me say, I am not comprehensive reform, I want to make co- pessimistic about our ability to help those ordinated care the norm, not the exception, people who need help in terms of health for Medicaid. We must work together now care. We can get the job done. I will now to pass these reforms that will provide lit- be trying to work with our hands extended erally millions of Americans with affordable in a nonpartisan or in a bipartisan mode health coverage for the first time and then to see if we can’t make things a little better get a leg up on that comprehensive reform. for the people, some of whom I saw here Our plan does everything the Govern- today. ment can and should do to ensure the qual- Thank you all very much for listening. ity of life of each citizen of this great land. And may God bless the United States. It doesn’t promise the Moon. It does something more important: It really guarantees, Note: The President spoke at 3:30 p.m. at it promises the future. Reform is never easy, Paul Laurence Dunbar High School. In his but in health care I think, wherever you’re remarks, he referred to Dr. Robert M. coming from, I think everybody would agree Heyssel, president, Johns Hopkins Health health care reform is a must. And we will System; Robert C. Winter, chairman and deliver what we say we can, competition, chief executive officer, the Prudential Insur- competition-driven, market-based reform, ance Co.; Barbara Hill, president, Pruden- and we’ll deliver it proudly. tial Health Care Plan of the Mid-Atlantic; This is kind of a second unveiling of our and Pete Pompey, athletic director and bas- overall program, but it seemed most appro- ketball coach at Dunbar High School.

Message to the Congress Transmitting Proposed Legislation on Youth Apprenticeship May 13, 1992

To the Congress of the United States: valuable and productive members of the I am pleased to transmit herewith for 21st century work force. Although this your immediate consideration the ‘‘National framework has been designed to be com- Youth Apprenticeship Act of 1992.’’ Also prehensive and national in scope, it is also transmitted is a section-by-section analysis. flexible enough to allow States to customize This legislation would establish a national the model to economic, demographic, and framework for implementing comprehensive other local conditions. youth apprenticeship programs. These pro- I am proposing this legislation in order to grams would be a high-quality learning alternative for preparing young people to be

763 May 13 / Administration of George Bush, 1992 promote a comprehensive approach for help- including the required instruction in the ing our youth make the transition from school core subjects of English, mathematics, to the workplace and strive to reach high lev- science, history, and geography. Students els of academic achievement. The lack of also would be expected to demonstrate mas- such an approach is one very important rea- tery of job skills. son that a significant proportion of American My proposal provides for vigorous in- youth do not possess the necessary skills to volvement at the Federal, State, and local meet employer requirements for entry level levels to ensure the success of the program. positions. It also requires that employers, schools, stu- There is widespread agreement that the dents, and parents promise to work together time has come to strengthen the connection to achieve the program goals. Enactment between the academic subjects taught in of my proposal will result in national stand- our schools and the demands of the mod- ards applicable to all youth apprenticeship ern, high-technology workplace. Work- programs. Thus, upon completion of the based learning models have proven to be program, the youth apprentice will have a effective approaches for preparing youth at portable credential that will be recognized the secondary school level. wherever the individuals may go to seek Under my proposal, a student could enter employment or pursue further education a youth apprenticeship program in the 11th and training. or 12th grade. Before reaching these grades, I believe that the time has come for a students would receive career and academic national, comprehensive approach to work- guidance to prepare them for entry into based learning. The bill I am proposing youth apprenticeship programs. Particular would establish a formal process in which programs may end with graduation from business, labor, and education would form high school or continue for up to an addi- partnerships to motivate the Nation’s young tional 2 years of postsecondary education. people to stay in school and become pro- In addition to the high school diploma, all ductive citizens. It will provide American youth apprentices would earn a certificate youth the opportunity to gain marketable of competency and qualify for a postsecond- and portable skills while establishing a rela- ary program, a registered apprenticeship tionship with a prospective employer. program, or employment. I urge the Congress to give swift and fa- A youth apprentice would receive aca- vorable consideration to the National Youth demic instruction, job training, and work ex- Apprenticeship Act of 1992. perience. The program is intended to attract and develop high-quality, motivated stu- GEORGE BUSH dents. Standards of academic achievement, consistent with voluntary, national stand- The White House, ards, will apply to all academic instruction, May 13, 1992.

Nomination of Joseph Charles Wilson IV To Be United States Ambassador to Gabon and Sao Tome and Principe May 13, 1992

The President today announced his inten- of Sao Tome and Principe. He would suc- tion to nominate Joseph Charles Wilson IV, ceed Keith Leveret Wauchope. of California, a career member of the Senior Currently Mr. Wilson serves as a member Foreign Service, class of Counselor, to be of the senior seminar at the Foreign Service Ambassador to the Gabonese Republic and Institute. From 1988 to 1991, he served as to serve concurrently without compensation Deputy Chief of Mission at the U.S. Embassy as Ambassador to the Democratic Republic in Baghdad, Iraq, and as Deputy Chief of

764 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / May 13

Mission at the U.S. Embassy in Brazzaville, He was born November 6, 1949, in Bridge- Congo, 1986–88. port, CT. Mr. Wilson is married, has two Mr. Wilson graduated from the University children, and resides in Washington, DC. of California at Santa Barbara (B.A., 1971).

Nomination of John F. Daffron, Jr., To Be a Member of the Board of Directors of the State Justice Institute May 13, 1992

The President today announced his inten- general district court judge, 1973–81, and tion to nominate John F. Daffron, Jr., of a U.S. magistrate, 1970–73. Virginia, to be a member of the Board of Judge Daffron graduated from the Uni- Directors of the State Justice Institute for versity of Richmond (B.A., 1961; LL.B., a term expiring September 17, 1994. This 1964). He was born January 25, 1939, in is a reappointment. Richmond, VA. Judge Daffron is married, Since 1982, Judge Daffron has served as has four children, and resides in Chester, a circuit court judge for the 12th judicial VA. circuit of Virginia. Prior to this, he was a

Statement by Press Secretary Fitzwater on the President’s Meeting With President Patricio Aylwin of Chile May 13, 1992

In their discussions today, President Bush to fast track procedures, at that time. and President Aylwin stressed their joint United States exports to Chile increased commitment to free trade throughout the to $1.582 billion in 1991, including products hemisphere as envisioned in the President’s such as mining machinery, computers, and Enterprise for the Americas Initiative. telecommunications equipment. President Aylwin told the President that the Chile was the first in Latin America to long-term vision of the EAI is very impor- receive bilateral debt reduction and an in- tant to Latin America and described it as vestment sector loan under the Enterprise the first chance for a genuine partnership for the Americas Initiative. By moving for- between Latin America and the United ward on free trade, Chile will be the first States based on free trade. nation in South America to participate in As a result of these discussions and in the trade benefits of EAI. recognition of Chile’s economic achieve- The two Presidents also took note of the ments, the President decided today that the challenges to democratic processes in Haiti, United States intends to negotiate a com- Peru, and Venezuela and reaffirmed their prehensive free trade agreement with Chile strong commitment to support and defend upon completion of the North American democracy in the hemisphere through the free trade agreement, and he intends to OAS. send notification to the Congress, pursuant

765 May 13 / Administration of George Bush, 1992

Remarks at the State Dinner for President Patricio Aylwin of Chile May 13, 1992

Ladies and gentlemen, President Aylwin become freedom taken away. Chile contin- and Mrs. Aylwin, Barbara and I are just ues the hard work of freedom, defending delighted to welcome you both to the White democracy in Venezuela and Haiti and House and to try to return the warm recep- Peru, promoting peace in Central America tion that you gave to me, sir, and to our and in the Middle East. daughter when we had the honor of visiting Mr. President, I know that Chile will con- you in Chile. tinue to export its material goods. I know Among my memories of my visit to your also it will export its dreams, the courage, country was a lunch that we shared at that hope, the imagination of free markets and lovely home of yours in Santiago. And I still free peoples. Chile teaches others that polit- recall with pride and delight that you took ical differences never excuse indifference to in your children and your grandchildren. the law and that social needs are better met We did a little arithmetic yesterday, and be- by the invisible hand of the free market tween us, we have 10 children and 23 than by the iron fist of regulatory control grandchildren. Perhaps we could arrange and bureaucracy. for a soccer game out on the South Lawn. President Aylwin and I share a vision of [Laughter] free trade for all the hemisphere. The It has been said, Mr. President, that the United States is now negotiating a free greatest glory of a free-born people is to trade agreement with Mexico and Canada transmit that freedom to their children. as a first step toward that goal. And as a Your country’s bright future lies in the result of our discussions today and in rec- hands and hearts of a free-born people, de- ognition of Chile’s economic accomplish- termined to see their children born free, ments and achievements, I want to an- passing liberty from mother to daughter, fa- nounce that the United States intends to ther to son. negotiate a comprehensive free trade agree- Today I was reminded how your father, ment with Chile upon the conclusion of the an esteemed Supreme Court Justice, passed North American free trade agreement. And his love of law and liberty to his son, you, I intend to send notification to the Congress yourself a revered legal scholar. I thought in accord with the fast track procedures at of how more than 60 years ago our Louis that time. Brandeis observed that the final end of the Thirty years ago, President Eisenhower state was to make men free to develop their spoke to your people saying, ‘‘We in the faculties. And he added that ‘‘Those who Western Hemisphere are still young nations love freedom know liberty to be the secret still growing, still experimenting.’’ And I of happiness and courage to be the secret really believe that’s still true today because of liberty.’’ democracy is young as our children, as all Justice Brandeis could find no better ex- the children of the world. ample of courage in pursuit of liberty than Mr. President, may I propose a toast to the Chilean people and their leader. Today, you. And may I suggest we rise and lift Chileans are ‘‘free to develop their fac- our glasses: To you, Mr. President, to Mrs. ulties’’ to the fullest, having at last inherited Aylwin, to Chile, and to the bonds of friend- the political and economic rights their par- ship between our two people. ents worked to achieve. They’ve also assumed liberty’s responsibilities, the knowl- Note: The President spoke at 8:13 p.m. in edge that freedom taken for granted can the State Dining Room at the White House.

766 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / May 14

Remarks to the Take Pride in America Volunteers May 14, 1992

Let me first salute Derrick Crandall, who close to home. And here we are in this great had a lot to do with this event and who park right here in Anacostia. So whether does so much for the great outdoors, not you’re from right here in DC or from Spirit just here but all across—whoops, look at Lake, Iowa, the great outdoors is yours for this gigantic thing—[laughter]—all across the asking, and each of you is a coowner. the country. But I really wanted to thank As coowners you’ve got to preserve our the volunteers from the Recreation Coali- great parklands, keep them clean. tion, members of the Recreation Round- Since the beginning of our administration, table for the good work you do for public we’ve added over $1 billion to help our na- lands all across our wonderful country. And tional parks, forests, wildlife refuges, and I was pleased earlier to see the former Gov- other public lands. In this effort to preserve ernor, Mike Hayden, Assistant Secretary for our environment, public-private partner- Fish, Wildlife and Parks; my old friend, ships are so important, and they help us John Turner, son of Wyoming here, Direc- all do our part. Practically every day, people tor of our Fish and Wildlife Service; Jim sit and fish on the river dock just behind Ridenour, the Director of the National Park me, one funded by what Derrick talked Service; and Bob Stanton, who’s the Parks about, that Wallop-Breaux Trust Fund, a Director of the National Capital Region; program that was started in 1984 to bring and then all the other parks and officials together the efforts of both the fishing and here with us today. A very special greeting the boating industries. I think he was quite to Pervis—where did he go? You can’t miss generous about that, but I did have a small him. But there he is way back there—who role in its creation and am prouder still that does so much with the Bullets, but does this year we’re providing more than $240 so much to help the kids. And a special million for this fund to aid the fishing and hello to all of you. boating improvements. Last year we had a Let me just tell some of you kids that fight; Congress, I think, wanted to cut the 70 million Americans enjoy fishing every Wallop-Breaux in the appropriations proc- year. And I understand that some of you ess. But we just can’t let that happen. were out on the river, I hope you were, Then there’s our Scenic Byways program, trying out this sport. Of course, I didn’t a 6-year effort to improve some of our Na- show up too well on the casting, but that’s tion’s most traveled highways, not just the an important part of it and a fun part of highways that you’ve got all across the coun- it out there. But we have this Pathway to try but roads that wind through the hearts Fishing program that I think is a very good of our cities. And we call them ribbons of one. green, the roads America loves. Here in Many of you from the Recreation Coali- Washington, our Scenic Byways program tion were with Barbara and me when we beautifies roads like the George Washington visited some of this country’s greatest fish- Parkway and Rock Creek Parkway. We’re ing holes, camping sites, and hiking trails also helping to support the creation of as well. We were out at Mount Rushmore, greenways, those combinations of bicycles Glacier National Park, the Grand Tetons. and hiking paths that are springing up And I hope every kid here gets a chance throughout our cities and countrysides. one day to see some of those great spots Then there are programs like the one that in the West. We have many other beautiful this banner celebrates, Take Pride in Amer- parklands across the country. ica, a program that generates tens of mil- But we’ve got to remember that the great lions of volunteer hours each year from outdoors—and one of the things that’s sym- communities all across the country, people bolic about this event is that the great out- coming together to preserve the parks and doors isn’t miles away and unreachable, it’s public lands within their communities, pick-

767 May 14 / Administration of George Bush, 1992 ing up litter, planting trees, and building the leaders of both sides of the aisle. We’re playgrounds for these kids. trying to get nonpartisan or bipartisan ap- Right now one of our public land initia- proaches to solve the problems. We’ve put tives is receiving favorable attention in Con- out a six-point program that included a gress, the America the Beautiful Passport. ‘‘Weed and Seed,’’ weed out the drugs, seed This replaces that old wallet card style with the neighborhoods with hope; our home- a passport that would include such things ownership initiative; enterprise zones that as park information, helpful phone num- bring businesses into these communities bers, motor decal, and many, many more that are hard hit, these cities; education re- things. And the best part, sales proceeds form; welfare reform; and then a strong jobs could generate up to $30 million in addi- program. These six points, we’re going to tional revenue which would then go to fund keep pressing for them, and I think they’ll other recreation and wildlife projects. bring immediate relief to some of our cities. So as we enter summertime, and I know And I think it’s a wonderful thing, if we’re the kids here are counting the days until successful in them, to what it can mean for school gets out, we’ll see more kids enjoy the lives of some of the kids right here the benefits of this cleanup project today. today. We’ll see them running off to this park, So, we’ve got to come together. We’ve playing around on the new playground, cast- got to rebuild the hearts of our Nation’s ing the fishing lines the way John and Tom cities, and we’ve got to renew that spirit and other fishing experts taught them and of community. So I am just delighted to shooting a few hoops the way Pervis told be here, very appreciative, once again, of them to do, and learning from him and the volunteers, those who live by that feel- learning from the volunteers how important ing one American must help another, hold it is for one citizen to help another. out the helping hand to another. And the It’s not just a kid’s life, though, I’m talk- volunteers do it, and the result of that is ing about. The outdoors is a perfect play- cleaner and better parks, more and more ground for the entire family and this coun- hope and opportunity for the young people. try’s greatest natural resource. This summer So thank you very, very much for what can also be a time for lots of families, for you’re doing. It’s a pleasure to be out here. whole communities to come together. I have only one regret, and that is that I We all saw what happened out there in can’t stay out here all afternoon to do a Los Angeles a couple of weeks ago, a com- little better in the fishing-casting tour- munity that was divided and torn apart and nament out there and to get to see you then turning on itself in despair. Already kids enjoy this lovely park. Thank you all the communities within that south central very much for being with us. And again, L.A. are coming together. They’re rebuild- my thanks to all the volunteers. ing; they’re renewing. They’re leaving the war zones behind to embrace the heart of what makes Los Angeles such a special Note: The President spoke at 1:22 p.m. in place. Anacostia Park. In his remarks, he referred Beyond our urgent emergency aid, we’ve to Derrick Crandall, president of the Amer- got to take action to bring hope and oppor- ican Recreation Coalition; Pervis Ellison, tunity to Los Angeles. I don’t want to go Washington Bullets basketball player; and into a lot of detail here, but I met with Thomas Bedell, president of Berkeley, Inc.

768 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / May 14

Message to the Congress Reporting on the National Emergency With Respect to Iran May 14, 1992

To the Congress of the United States: During the reporting period, the Customs I hereby report to the Congress on devel- Service has continued to effect numerous opments since the last Presidential report seizures of Iranian-origin merchandise, on November 13, 1991, concerning the na- mostly carpets, for violation of the import tional emergency with respect to Iran that prohibitions of the ITRs. FAC and Customs was declared in Executive Order No. 12170 Service investigations of these violations of November 14, 1979, and matters relating have resulted in forfeiture actions and the to Executive Order No. 12613 of October imposition of civil monetary penalties. Nu- 29, 1987. This report is submitted pursuant merous additional forfeiture and civil pen- to section 204(c) of the International Emer- alty actions are under review. gency Economic Powers Act, 50 U.S.C. FAC worked closely with the Customs 1703(c), and section 505(c) of the Inter- Service during the reporting period to fur- national Security and Development Co- ther develop procedures to expeditiously operation Act of 1985, 22 U.S.C. 2349aa– dispose of cases involving the seizure of 9(c). This report covers events through noncommercial importations of nonfungible March 31, 1992. My last report dated No- Iranian goods by certain first-time import- vember 13, 1991, covered events through ers. The opportunity for immediate re-ex- September 30, 1991. portation of such goods, under Customs su- 1. The Iranian Transactions Regulations pervision and upon payment of a mitigated (‘‘ITRs’’), 31 CFR Part 560, were amended forfeiture amount, has been made available on December 3, 1991, to further interpret in a greater number of cases to reduce the the documentary requirements for obtaining total cost of the violation to those importers. a license to import Iranian-origin carpets 3. The Iran-United States Claims Tribu- from third countries, and to permit the im- nal (‘‘the Tribunal’’), established at The portation of certain household and personal Hague pursuant to the Algiers Accords, con- effects by persons arriving in the United tinues to make progress in arbitrating the States. A copy of these amendments is at- claims before it. Since my last report, the tached to this report. Except for minor cler- Tribunal has rendered 7 awards, for a total ical changes, the Iranian Assets Control of 528 awards. Of that total, 357 have been Regulations (‘‘IACRs’’), 31 CFR Part 535, awards in favor of American claimants: 217 have not been amended since my last re- of these were awards on agreed terms, au- port. thorizing and approving payment of settle- 2. The Office of Foreign Assets Control ments negotiated by the parties, and 140 (‘‘FAC’’) of the Department of the Treasury were decisions adjudicated on the merits. continues to process applications for import The Tribunal has issued 34 decisions dis- licenses under the ITRs. However, the De- missing claims on the merits and 80 deci- cember 3, 1991, amendments to the ITRs sions dismissing claims for jurisdictional rea- have resulted in a substantial reduction in sons. Of the 57 remaining awards, 3 ap- the number of license applications received proved the withdrawal of cases and 54 were relating to the importation of nonfungible in favor of Iranian claimants. As of March Iranian-origin goods, principally carpets, 31, 1992, payments on awards to successful claimed to have been located outside of Iran American claimants from the Security Ac- prior to the imposition of the embargo. count held by the NV Settlement Bank Those amendments have also made specific stood at $2,045,284,993.99. licenses unnecessary for most Iranian-origin As of March 31, 1992, the Security Ac- goods permitted entry as duty-free house- count has fallen below the required balance hold goods and personal effects by persons of $500 million 34 times. Iran has periodi- returning to the United States. cally replenished the account, as required

769 May 14 / Administration of George Bush, 1992 by the Algiers Accords, by transferring ernment agencies, the Department of State funds from the separate account held by continues to present United States Govern- the NV Settlement Bank in which interest ment claims against Iran, as well as re- on the Security Account is deposited. The sponses by the United States Government last transfer of interest occurred on Novem- to claims brought against it by Iran. Since ber 27, 1991, and resulted in a transfer of the last report, the United States Govern- $26.6 million from the interest account to ment has settled one case with Iran, result- the Security Account. The aggregate ing in a payment to Iran of $278,000,000. amount that has been transferred from the As noted above, $18 million of this payment interest account to the Security Account is was deposited into the Security Account for $859,472,986.47. As noted in my last report, replenishment purposes. The Department Iran has also replenished the Security Ac- of State also represented the United States count with the proceeds from the sale of before the Tribunal in a case filed by an Iranian-origin oil imported into the United Iranian national. States, pursuant to transactions licensed on 7. As anticipated in my last report, after a case-by-case basis by FAC. a final determination that there were no The Security Account was also increased longer any bank syndicates pursuing claims on December 3, 1991, by an $18 million against Dollar Account No. 1 at the Federal payment from the United States that was Reserve Bank of New York, appropriate a part of the settlement of case B/1 (Claim steps were taken to close the account. On 4). This payment brought the balance of the February 19, 1992, the remaining balance Security Account up to the required $500 in the dollar account, $134,128.56, was million for the first time since June 1990. transferred to Bank Markazi. On March 12, As of March 31, 1992, the total amount in 1992, the United States and Iran filed a the Security Account was $500,334,516.76, joint submission to the Tribunal requesting and the total amount in the interest account termination of Case No. A/15 (I:G), the case was $8,332,610.75. brought by Iran involving the syndicate 4. The Tribunal continues to make claims. progress in the arbitration of claims of U.S. 8. The situation reviewed above continues nationals for $250,000.00 or more. Since the to implicate important diplomatic, financial, last report, six large claims have been de- and legal interests of the United States and cided, including two claims that were set- its nationals, and presents an unusual chal- tled by the parties. Approximately 85 per- lenge to the national security and foreign cent of the nonbank claims have now been policy of the United States. The IACRs disposed of through adjudication, settle- issued pursuant to Executive Order No. ment, or voluntary withdrawal, leaving 89 12170 continue to play an important role such claims on the docket. The largest of in structuring our relationship with Iran and the large claims, the progress of which has in enabling the United States to implement been slowed by their complexity, are finally properly the Algiers Accords. Similarly, the being resolved, sometimes with sizable dam- ITRs issued pursuant to Executive Order age awards to the U.S. claimant. Since Sep- No. 12613 continue to advance important tember 30, 1991, U.S. claimants have been objectives in combatting international awarded over $4 million by the Tribunal. terrorism. I shall continue to exercise 5. As anticipated by the May 13, 1990, the powers at my disposal to deal with agreement settling the claims of U.S. na- these problems and will continue to report tionals against Iran for less than $250,000.00 periodically to the Congress on significant the Foreign Claims Settlement Commission developments. (‘‘FCSC’’) has begun its review of 3,112 claims. The FCSC has issued decisions in 460 claims, for total awards of over $8 million. The FCSC expects to complete its ad- GEORGE BUSH judication of the remaining claims by Sep- tember 1993. The White House, 6. In coordination with concerned Gov- May 14, 1992.

770 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / May 14

Message to the Congress Transmitting Proposed Legislation on Lifelong Learning May 14, 1992

To the Congress of the United States: The Student Loan Marketing Associa- I am pleased to transmit today for your tion (Sallie Mae) would be authorized immediate consideration and enactment the to originate up to $25,000 in loans, in ‘‘Lifelong Learning Act of 1992.’’ Also trans- addition to current GSL loan limits, mitted is a section-by-section analysis. through the Lifelong Learning Line of This legislation would provide to all Credit for those borrowers who want Americans, including working men and the option of repaying loans on a basis women and the unemployed, access to grant tied to their actual income. The con- and loan help throughout their lives that cept of basing student loan repayment is not now available. This additional help on a borrower’s future earnings has would make it possible for more Americans long been attractive to the Administra- to further their education and increase their tion and to many in the Congress. job skills and productivity. However, a program of this type pre- Enactment of this legislation would help sents unique and complex design issues move America forward in achieving Na- that demand careful analysis and struc- tional Education Goal Five: ‘‘Every adult turing. This Act would call upon Sallie American will be literate and will possess Mae, a leader in student loan adminis- the knowledge and skills necessary to com- tration, to offer $100 million per year pete in a global economy and exercise the in loans and to work with the Secretary rights and responsibilities of citizenship.’’ of Education to devise actuarially and This legislation would: fiscally sound loan options that would • Extend eligibility for Pell Grants and be widely available. the three Guaranteed Student Loan • Explore the use of high-quality edu- (GSL) programs to students studying cation and training programs offered less than half-time. Providing grant and by non-school based providers. The loan assistance to individuals taking as Secretaries of Education and Labor little as one course at a time offers would be authorized to develop regula- American men and women the flexibil- tions under which students attending ity they need to improve their employ- programs offered by nontraditional ment skills while recognizing their types of providers could be eligible for commitments to jobs and families. This the Lifelong Learning Line of Credit. program would extend loan eligibility Community-based organizations, public to individuals who are enrolled in non- or private agencies, and private em- degree granting education and training ployers are some examples of the types programs and who are taking only one of providers that might participate. course at a time. These individuals These providers could participate only have a legitimate need for skill en- if the high quality of the programs hancement and training that is not could be ensured and if these funds being met under existing loan pro- do not replace funds already being grams. For example, a working mother spent for this training. in a low-wage job could receive finan- I believe that all Americans should have cial assistance for courses that would an opportunity to pursue education and qualify her for better paying, high- training throughout their lives. I look for- skilled jobs. ward to working with the Congress on this • Extend new opportunities for education legislation and welcome your recommenda- and training to all U.S. citizens. Addi- tions on how this legislation can best secure tional student loan eligibility would be this opportunity for all Americans. available for full- or part-time students. I urge the Congress to give the Lifelong

771 May 14 / Administration of George Bush, 1992

Learning Act of 1992 prompt and favorable The White House consideration. May 14, 1992. GEORGE BUSH

Nomination of Donald Herman Alexander To Be United States Ambassador to The Netherlands May 14, 1992

The President today announced his inten- as president of Perkins Industries, Inc., tion to nominate Donald Herman Alexan- 1982–87, and as executive vice president of der, of Missouri, to be Ambassador to the the Commerce Bank of Kansas City, 1966– Kingdom of The Netherlands. He would 82. succeed C. Howard Williams, Jr. Mr. Alexander graduated from Washburn Since 1987, Mr. Alexander has served as University (B.B.A., 1962). He was born July president of the private investment firm of 11, 1938, in Amsterdam, The Netherlands. Don H. Alexander & Associates, Inc., in Mr. Alexander has three children and re- Kansas City, MO. Prior to this, he served sides in Kansas City, MO.

Remarks at the Law Enforcement Officers Memorial Ceremony May 15, 1992

Thank you, Cyndi, very much. Thank you of something precious, stealing hope, prom- all. Cyndi, thank you. And may I salute our ise, the future. This we cannot allow. Attorney General who is doing an outstand- You know better than anyone, it is not ing job for law enforcement, Bill Barr; the just a privilege to support our law enforce- Members of Congress who are with us ment officers. Standing in Mount Zion today; Adolph South; an old friend, Dewey Church right in the heart of south central Stokes; John Walsh; Suzie Sawyer; Barbara L.A. just a few days ago, I spoke out there Dodge; Dave Derevere. in support of law enforcement, and the Ten years ago the FOP auxiliary began place erupted into spontaneous applause. this nationally recognized service for law en- The people were applauding, those most se- forcement officers who gave their lives in verely affected—but those were the ones the line of duty, and I salute you from the that were doing this—were most severely bottom of my heart. It is an honor to be with all of you to mark a day that celebrates affected by the rioting and by the looting, America’s finest. and they were supporting the police offi- Police work has been described as a cers. And that’s the way it should be. thankless job. Well, I am here to say thank So, today I pledge this to you, to that thin you on behalf of each American. We need blue line that separates good people from you. We depend on you, and we cannot the worst instincts of our society, I pledge do without you. Yours is the priceless task my continuing and full support. We must of upholding good against evil. All of us show less compassion for the criminal and saw sickening sights in Los Angeles of more for the victims of crime. That is why criminals breaking windows and burning we reauthorized the 1984 Victims of Crime buildings and looting businesses. But even Act and boosted its annual crime victims worse was the looting of something harder compensation assistance fund to $150 mil- to replace than merchandise, the stealing lion. These dollars did not come from the

772 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / May 15 taxpayers but from the criminals’ fines and from the world. Instead he started ‘‘Ameri- penalties. After all, crime should not pay; ca’s Most Wanted,’’ a show that helps law the criminals themselves should. And my enforcement officers bring criminals to jus- administration has also acted to punish the tice. John, we salute both what you are and hardened criminals, career criminals, under what you do. Thank you. Thank you very, the Federal Armed Career Criminal Act. very much. No seasoned criminal should walk free be- Let me close on a personal note. Some cause we didn’t take the law and our law have called the Presidency the world’s enforcement officers seriously. toughest job. Well, I think they’re wrong. We have proposed $15 billion for I believe police officers have the toughest anticrime policies for fiscal year 1993, and job. Police work is not 9 to 5; it’s full time. that is up 59 percent in 4 years. We started It is danger. It is fear. It is not knowing Project Triggerlock and already thousands whether you will end your shift going home of gun-toting criminals have been charged, in a car or to the emergency room in an with a conviction rate of nearly 90 percent. ambulance. It’s populated by people willing And yet progress made is not mission ac- to risk their lives to save ours, people who complished. And so today I again call on are part social worker and part soldier. It’s the Congress to get with it and to pass our a job that I sum up in two words: American crime legislation. Let us back up our law hero. enforcement officials with laws that are fair, Every day of every year you risk your lives that are fast, and that are final. so that Americans can proceed with theirs. For more than 3 years I’ve asked Con- You truly show what the Bible meant, gress to pass a comprehensive crime pack- ‘‘Greater love hath no man than this, that age based on three simple principles: If a man lay down his life for his friends.’’ criminals commit crimes, they will be I still have with me this badge. This is the caught; if caught, they will be tried; and badge of a fallen police officer, a New York if convicted, they will be punished. We cop that many of you all knew, Eddie need a crime bill which strengthens, not Byrne. I keep it right there in my desk in weakens, your ability to uphold our laws. the Oval Office. It’s there every single day And so I again appeal to the United States to remind me of this Nation’s debt to those Congress: Send me a tough crime bill, one who serve. I will never forget, nor will our that will not weaken current law, one like Nation. the ‘‘Crime Control Act of 1992,’’ and I will Thank you for what you do for our coun- sign it right away. try. May God bless each and every one of Let me take this opportunity to salute or- you officers, and especially may God bless ganizations like COPS, that Concerns of Po- those families who have lost loved ones as lice Survivors, who provide aid when it is those loved ones served our great Nation. most needed. COPS was founded in 1984 Thank you all very, very much. to have survivors help other survivors, and today they help 5,000 families nationwide as Good Samaritans to those who have lost a loved one. Another Good Samaritan can be found right up here on our stage today. I’m talking Note: The President spoke at 10:15 a.m. at about John Walsh, host of television’s the Sylvan Theater. In his remarks, he re- ‘‘America’s Most Wanted.’’ Last Friday, the ferred to Cyndi Calendar, auxiliary presi- show celebrated its 200th capture of a fugi- dent, Fraternal Order of Police; Adolph tive of the law. Sadly, John knows firsthand South, chaplain, National Fraternal Order about the horrors that crime can inflict of Police; Dewey Stokes, president, Grand upon parents and families and communities. Lodge Fraternal Order of Police; Suzie Saw- His little boy, Adam, was abducted and yer, founder, and Barbara Dodge, president, murdered, and the killer has never been Concerns of Police Survivors; and Dave found. John could have shut himself off Derevere, International Police Chaplains.

773 May 15 / Administration of George Bush, 1992

Letter to Congressional Leaders Reporting on Iraq’s Compliance With United Nations Security Council Resolutions May 15, 1992

Dear Mr. Speaker: (Dear Mr. President:) cluding the laboratories at Hatteen, are to Consistent with the Authorization for Use be destroyed. During future inspections, the of Military Force Against Iraq Resolution IAEA will designate other Iraqi nuclear fa- (Public Law 102–1), and as part of my con- cilities for destruction. tinuing effort to keep the Congress fully in- The first chemical weapons destruction formed, I am again reporting on the status team visited Iraq from February 21 to of efforts to obtain compliance by Iraq with March 24, 1992. The team supervised the the resolutions adopted by the U.N. Secu- destruction of 463 122-millimeter rockets at rity Council. the Khamissiyah storage site. Of the de- Since the events described in my report stroyed rockets, some were filled with sarin, of March 16, 1992, the U.N. Security Coun- a nerve agent; others were partially filled cil has rejected Iraq’s contention that it was with the same agent, while some were in compliance with the relevant Security empty. Council resolutions. On March 19, 1992, From March 21 to 29, 1992, the ninth Rolf Ekeus, Chairman of the United Na- missile team began the process of verifying tions Special Commission (UNSCOM), cre- Iraq’s most recent declaration. The team ated pursuant to Resolution 687, received saw 86 al Hussein missiles (all but 3 of from Iraq additional declarations of weap- those recently declared by Iraq), verified ons of mass destruction, which it claimed the launchers described in Iraq’s most re- to have destroyed the previous summer. The declarations included 89 al Hussein (ex- cent declarations, and monitored the de- tended-range SCUD) missiles and war- struction of dual-use missile production heads, 4 Soviet launchers, 4 Iraqi launchers equipment. The 10th ballistic missile team, and test and firing vehicles, 45 chemical from April 13 to 21, returned to solid pro- warheads for the al Husseins and chemical pellant missile facilities to finish destroying bombs. In addition to expressing its willing- dual-use ballistic missile production equip- ness to accept Security Council Resolutions ment. 707 and 715, Iraq said that it was prepared The United States continues to assist the to comply fully with UNSCOM’s demands United Nations in its activities to destroy ballistic missile equipment and through U–2 surveillance flights, the provi- provide a ‘‘comprehensive, complete, and sion of intelligence, and expert inspectors. final’’ dossier regarding its weapons of mass Nonetheless, the shortage of readily avail- destruction programs. This full disclosure, able funds to UNSCOM remains critical. In which Iraq promised to deliver in early my last report, I noted that the United Na- April, has not yet been received. tions and the United States had agreed on The International Atomic Energy Agency the transfer of a $10 million U.S. arrearage (IAEA) and UNSCOM have continued to payment to UNSCOM, pending completion conduct inspections and other activities re- of the funds’ reprogramming. That related to Iraqi weapons of mass destruction programming has been completed, and the and ballistic missiles. Most important, the funds have been provided. destruction of nuclear weapons, missiles, Since my last report, there has been addi- and chemical weapons has begun. During tional progress at the U.N. Compensation the 11th nuclear inspection from April 8 Commission in preparing for the processing to 15, the destruction of the Al Atheer nu- of claims from individuals, corporations, clear weapons production facility began. other entities, and governments who suf- Five buildings and 29 pieces of equipment fered direct loss or damage as a result of were destroyed. During the 12th nuclear in- Iraq’s unlawful invasion and occupation of spection, which is scheduled for May 26 to Kuwait. The Governing Council of the June 4, 1992, three remaining buildings, in- Commission held its fifth session in Geneva

774 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / May 15 from March 16 to 20, 1992, and has sched- suffering in Iraq that results from their re- uled meetings in June, September, Novem- fusal to implement Resolutions 706 and 712. ber, and December. At its March session, Through the International Committee of the Council reviewed draft rules of proce- the Red Cross (ICRC), the United States, dure for the processing of claims, approving Kuwait, and our allies continue to press the all but one part, which it expects to approve Government of Iraq to comply with its obli- at its next session. The Council also re- gations under Security Council resolutions viewed the forms for individual claims to return all detained Kuwaiti and third- above $100,000 and for corporate claims; country nationals. Likewise, the United discussed the ‘‘embargo loss’’ issue and States and its allies continue to press the claims by members of the allied coalition Government of Iraq to return to Kuwait all forces; and instructed the Secretariat to property and equipment removed from Ku- continue its work on locating blocked Iraqi wait by Iraq. Iraq continues to resist full oil deposits and to study extension of the cooperation on these issues and to resist un- deadline for filing environmental or public qualified ICRC access to detention facilities health claims. The Executive Secretary rein Iraq. ported that shortages of financing continued Mindful of the finding of the U.N. Secu- to delay important activities. Meanwhile, the rity Council in Resolution 688 that Iraq’s Department of State continues to collect repression of its civilian population threat- and review U.S. individuals’ claims for ens international peace and security in the amounts under $100,000 in preparation for region, in concert with our Coalition part- filing with the U.N. Compensation Commis- ners, we will continue to monitor carefully sion by July 1 for expedited processing. the treatment of Iraq’s citizens, and to- In accordance with paragraph 20 of Reso- gether we remain prepared to take appro- lution 687, the Sanctions Committee contin- priate steps if the situation requires. To this ues to receive notice of shipments of food- end, we will continue to maintain an appro- stuffs to Iraq. From January to April 22, priate level of forces in the region for as 1992, 2.22 million metric tons of foodstuffs long as required by the situation in Iraq. were notified. The Sanctions Committee I remain grateful for the support of the also continues to consider and, when appro- Congress for these efforts, and I look for- priate, approve requests to send to Iraq ma- ward to continued cooperation toward terials and supplies for essential civilian achieving our mutual objectives. needs. Iraq to date has refused, however, Sincerely, to utilize the opportunity under Resolutions 706 and 712 to sell $1.6 billion in oil, most GEORGE BUSH of the proceeds from which could be used by Iraq to purchase foodstuffs, medicines, Note: Identical letters were sent to Thomas materials, and supplies for essential civilian S. Foley, Speaker of the House of Represent- needs of its civilian population. The Iraqi atives, and Robert C. Byrd, President pro authorities bear full responsibility for any tempore of the Senate.

White House Statement on the Establishment of the Inter-American Institute for Global Change Research May 15, 1992

The President today announced that the The Institute will bring together the re- United States has joined 10 other countries sources and capabilities needed to address of the Americas in signing an agreement important issues of global change in the that will formally establish an Inter-Amer- Western Hemisphere. ican Institute for Global Change Research. The agreement was signed this week by

775 May 15 / Administration of George Bush, 1992

D. Allan Bromley, Assistant to the President the Western Hemisphere. The United for Science and Technology, at a meeting States will continue to work with senior rep- hosted by President Lacalle of Uruguay in resentatives in the areas involved to estab- Montevideo. lish institutes in the European/African re- The President first announced the con- gion and in the Western Pacific region. cept of a network of regional institutes to This agreement reflects the President’s study global change in his closing remarks commitment to global stewardship and his to the White House Conference on Science desire to promote responsible environ- and Economics Research Related to Global mental policies. It is consistent with his con- Change, which was convened by the Presi- viction that major decisions on the environ- dent in April 1990. Since then, the United ment should be based on a sound, informed States has actively developed this concept understanding of the scientific issues in- and promoted the establishment of the first of these institutes which will be located in volved.

Remarks at a Bush-Quayle Fundraising Luncheon in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania May 15, 1992

Thank you very much, and thanks to all is our event cochairman, Pete Love. We go of you. Elsie, you are fantastic. Thank you back a long, long time. And Chuck Corry, for that introduction. Let me quickly thank I was delighted to have your support, and the Scouts, those that did the Pledge of Al- thank you. They give you great credit for legiance. May I thank also Susan, who did this, you should know, behind your back, the anthem. It’s tough to get up there, not all good. a note, and sing ‘‘The Star-Spangled Ban- And to Dr. Murray, the president of ner.’’ I thought she was great. Great treat Duquesne, my thanks for letting us be here. to see Mr. Fred Rogers, who did the invoca- I am a doctor from Duquesne, I believe, tion. We Bush family are his fans. some years ago, and I’m very proud of that. May I salute, of course—oops, he’s And Pastor Neal, thank you very much. gone—Senator Specter, who flew up with In sum, I am glad to be here. We’ve had us and whose reelection is very, very impor- a chance to shake a few hands out here, tant not just to Pennsylvania but to this and somebody said, ‘‘Well, you’re the Presi- country. I am all-out for him, and I’m glad dent. Doesn’t that seem a little onerous?’’ that he’s doing as well as he is. But I strong- I said, ‘‘No. At least you get to look in peo- ly ask your support for him come the fall. ple’s eyes and thank them for what they’re The Congressmen with us today are all doing.’’ Because sometimes in this line of outstanding: Rick Santorum is your own; work I’m in, that doesn’t come so easy. Tom Ridge and Bill Clinger and Larry I just want to share with you some objec- Coughlin. And let me just say as one who tives. But I know there’s been an awful lot does not have the numbers on Capitol Hill of talk this year about change. But talk is I’d like, it is a joy to work with these Mem- very cheap; the tickets were not, I under- bers of Congress. They are supportive. They stand. [Laughter] But let me start with a are innovative. And they are outstanding. promise: In terms of objectives, the time I also wanted to single Bobby Holt out. for talk nationally is over, and the time for Many of you know him; he’s a Texan. But change is now. he was our national finance chairman, and I saw that firsthand out in Los Angeles. he’s done very, very well for us, thanks to I came back one week ago, a week ago I you and many other groups like this around believe today, and I want to begin today by the country. Also, of course, an old friend sharing a little bit what I saw, what I heard,

776 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / May 15 and try to describe what I felt. Each one of Republicans alike, when I called them down us saw the images of hate, and we saw the to the White House this past Tuesday. For horror, images that we can’t possibly forget your information, it was a good meeting. soon. But what I saw in Los Angeles, even There was a good spirit of bipartisanship in the hardest hit parts of south central at that meeting. I laid out there a game L.A., the most heavily impacted area, should plan, a six-point plan for a new America. give us all cause for hope. Let me just run it by you, see what you Everywhere, the people I met told me think of it. about acts of individual heroism, about ordi- First, and this has to come first, we have nary people doing extraordinary things. to preserve order. We have to keep the Some braved the gangs of looters to form peace because families cannot thrive and these bucket brigades and putting out the children cannot learn and jobs cannot flour- fires when the firetrucks couldn’t get ish in a combat zone. So that is square one. through. Some of them stood up to the I was thinking about this in the first hours angry mobs right out across the color lines of that Los Angeles violence. People cannot to help a child or save a life. These stories tackle tough problems if they’re too busy may not make the headlines, but they sure dodging bullets. It’s just that simple. Vio- make you proud, proud to be an American. lence and brutality destroy order, and they I came away reinforced by the spirit of this destroy the rule of law. That kind of vio- community that had been devastated by lence should not be condoned. It should their trial. not be explained. It cannot be excused, and The founder of our party knew something it must be condemned. about courage and change. He knew when The fellow in Los Angeles named Rev- the questions of the ‘‘stormy present’’ had erend E.V. Hill, black pastor in a church outlived the ‘‘dogmas of the quiet past.’’ at Mount Zion, and in the Mount Zion Some still prefer the comfortable dogmas Church in south central Los Angeles, right of quieter times. But you know and I know in the heart of the riot zone, I stood up that the time has come for change. Without there, and there were 200 pastors behind pointing fingers, we need to ask ourselves, me, and the church was full, large church. is the present system meeting our goals? It was on the National Day of Prayer, I believe that we all know that it is not. Thursday. I mentioned support for the po- It is time, therefore, as Lincoln put it, ‘‘to lice, saying essentially what I’ve just said think anew and act anew.’’ to you all, and the whole church erupted As Republicans, we all agree that we’ve in applause. got to rebuild our house on the rock of And that is the spirit behind one of these Republican faith, Republican principles. initiatives that we’ve put forward. It’s a lead- Those principles tell us that we must keep ership called ‘‘Weed and Seed.’’ First, power where it belongs, and that’s close to you’ve got to weed out the gang leaders, the American people. That was the lesson the drug dealers, the career criminals, and I got out of the riot-torn South Central: then you’ve got to seed the community with Keep the answers as close to the people expanded employment and educational and as possible. Clearly we’ve got to strengthen social services. In walking distance from this the American families, somehow instill char- very spot we are starting a ‘‘Weed and acter and values in our young people, and Seed’’ program in the Hill district. This is that we must encourage entrepreneurship, new, and it is tough. It’s going to help peo- ownership, risk-taking. We’ve got to in- ple take back the streets and take back the crease investment, and that will create jobs. neighborhoods and take back control of The challenges that we face go deeper their lives. than the recent crisis in Los Angeles, of The second one: We’ve got to rebuild the course. Beyond our emergency aid, we’ve community, with investment this time, with got to bring hope and opportunity not only investment and with opportunity, with hope. to that area but to all American cities as That means enterprise zones for our inner well. That was the message that I gave to cities, and it also means a lot of private the congressional leaders, Democrats and sector activity. The enterprise zones, if

777 May 15 / Administration of George Bush, 1992 we work it properly through the tax commit- it’s a time to try this new idea. tees, will serve as magnets for investment. At every turn during this trip to L.A., I Then you have the private side: Peter heard people—it’s surprising, really—at all Ueberroth has taken on a big assignment levels of the community talking about the out there. And he is confident that he can principles that guide, underpin these initia- get a lot of businesses to set up suppliers tives: Personal responsibility, opportunity, in the troubled areas, real jobs in real busi- ownership, independence, and dignity. nesses. There wasn’t a single community leader, not The third objective: We must reform the one, that told me, well, we ought to keep welfare system. We’ve got to replace the doing it the way we’ve been doing it; all handout with a hand up. We’ve got to re- we ought to do is just add money to existing place the perverse disincentives that penal- programs. I didn’t hear that from one single ize families for working, for saving, and person. These ideas I’ve put out are new. worse, penalize some families for staying to- Some have been proposed before, but we’ve gether. If we talk about the family being got to try them. You know the sound of a problem in urban America, we ought to those words about the American dream. find ways to keep the family together. A Well, they’re the heart and soul, these ideas, review and a revision of the welfare system of the American dream. is the answer. Now, we all know what the critics will The fourth one: We’ve got to have a say. They’ll come right back, ‘‘Well, you’ve strong jobs program for city youth. We need to teach kids how to run a drugstore, not proposed all this before.’’ And that’s true, how to run a drug ring. That means things but these ideas have not been tried, I re- like our apprenticeship initiative and our peat. Now is the time for a bipartisan ap- Job Training 2000 program. proach. I think the American people are a The fifth of the six: We’ve got to revolu- little tired with this endless politics out tionize, and I mean revolutionize, American there. I don’t think you’ve caught me yet— education. We have a strategy. It’s called that may change in the fall—criticizing any America 2000. That strategy offers choice. opponent, our own party or the other side. It offers competition. It offers community But I think far more important than criticiz- action. Children in our inner cities deserve ing, particularly at this time, is to try to the same opportunities that kids in our sub- get something done for the American peo- urbs have. The special interests can just step ple. And that’s why I want these six points aside on this one. Whether it’s the public enacted. or private or religious, parents, not the gov- Bipartisan support—I want to go back to ernment, have the right to choose their chil- that—for immediate action on this agenda dren’s schools. It works at the higher level; has begun. As I say, I salute the Speaker it will work at the lower level in the edu- and others. We had a good meeting with cation system. all the congressional leadership on Tuesday. And sixth, the last of these six points I But we must not settle for business-as-usual. gave to the leaders: We must promote new That’s the word that I gave to them, Repub- hope through homeownership. I’ve never lican and Democrat alike. understood how anyone could be content But what’s going on in urban America is with the present system, to take pride in just one part of a larger issue because the warehousing the poor. Our HOPE initia- need for reform doesn’t end where the sub- tives gives poor families a stake in their urb begins. Our revolution in education is communities, something they can pass on not just about helping inner-city students. to their children. The bottom line: HOPE It’s about helping all our students, from kin- can turn housing into homes. We start with dergarten to college. Reform means aggres- tenant management, ownership there, peo- sive action to break down barriers to free ple in those areas, tenant management, and trade, to create new markets, cracking open then move it right into owning one’s own new markets to American goods the world home. It’s a good concept, and we’ve been over. We went through a flurry during the proposing it now for, I think, 3 years. But early months of this year, flirting with pro-

778 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / May 15 tectionism. That’s not the way to get the I’ve mentioned what Government can do, job done for the American worker or the but again, Government cannot solve all the American consumer. We’ve taken aim at the problems. We may be able to make good status quo in all of these things, and we’ve laws, but it’s never been able to make men set our sights out there on pushing through good. That doesn’t come from Big Brother. the changes that we’ve been proposing. It comes from your family. It comes from I’ll tell you another area, and I expect your mother and your father. And I’m talk- many of you here would agree: We need ing about the moral sense that must guide legal reform. We need to put an end to us all. In the simplest terms, I am talking those outrageous court awards that strain about knowing what’s wrong and doing our civility and sap our economy. Literally— what’s right. if you traveled with me, you’d hear it over And go back to Los Angeles for a minute. and over again—we’ve gotten to a point Time and again the people I met there put where doctors won’t deliver babies, cost of insurance skyrocketing, where fathers are their finger on one root cause for the tur- afraid to coach Little League, all because moil we see, the declining influence of the of the fear of some frivolous lawsuit. Ameri- American family. And they are right. They cans need to spend less time suing each are absolutely right. Ask yourself: What other and more time helping each other. keeps a kid in school, away from drugs, and We need to change the product liability off the street? It’s not Government spend- laws and the tort reform laws. We must re- ing. It’s not the number of SBA loans or form our legal system, and no lobby should HUD grants. It’s whether a child lives in stand in the way. a home where they are loved and cared for So far I’ve mentioned just some things and kept on the right path. Barbara Bush that Government can do. Let me conclude was right: What happens in the White this way. Government alone cannot solve House doesn’t matter half as much as what our problems. We need health care reform happens in your house. As so we must find to open up access to affordable health care ways to strengthen the American family. I for all Americans. It used to be you didn’t believe it, and I’ve made it my mission as have to go broke just to get better. And President to put the American family first. today, more than 30 million Americans have That’s why I keep coming back to the no health care coverage at all. We can and Good Samaritans that I call Points of Light: we must change that. We’ve put forward Those who help the other guy; the people a comprehensive health care reform plan— who help the poor and the elderly, kids in again, change—a reform plan that will keep trouble, kids without families. They never America first in the world in high quality ask a nickel. Government alone cannot cre- health care. At the same time it would open ate the scale and energy needed to trans- up access, give access to all Americans reform the lives of people in need. So let gardless of their income status, making it more affordable by what is known in the the cynics scoff. Let the central planners insurance field as pooling. Contrary to what scoff about it. We know these volunteers the big Government folks say, we can do are the lifeblood of the American spirit. And it without nationalizing or socializing our it’s not just in suburban Pittsburgh, outside health care system. That path would in- of Washington, or Houston, Texas. It was stantly diminish the quality of our health right there, alive and vibrant, in south cen- care, and we’ve got the best in the entire tral L.A., a Point of Light, one American world. helping another, somebody lifting up a kid, So national health care would be a disas- somebody calling a kid by his name. ter. And as long as I am President, I simply I believe in our party because I believe cannot let a national health care plan be- in our fundamental principles. We are right come law. I’m going to keep working for about family. We are right about freedom. the kind of health care reform to bring ac- We are right about free enterprise. And cer- cess to the poor through the insurance proc- tainly, I believe, we are right about faith. ess. And I believe that will work. And most of all, we are right about Ameri-

779 May 15 / Administration of George Bush, 1992 ca’s future. in decline. Do not listen to the pessimists I really believe—we’re in times of pes- and the politicians that want to capitalize simism out there. You don’t have to listen on somebody else’s misfortune. We are to 20 seconds on the evening news to find turning this economy around. It’s beginning out everything’s wrong with this country. to move. This Points of Light, this concept Out there in Los Angeles, when I said if is valid. We’re pushing with a new biparti- some of these guys would just report some san spirit in the Congress. And we have of the things that are positive that are hap- a lot to be grateful for. pening in the community, it would inspire Thank you all very much for your support. others. And the place out there broke into And may God bless our country. standing applause because they knew what I was talking about. No, we have the strength and the spirit. Note: The President spoke at 1:20 p.m. in I believe we have it in Government. I know the Union Building at Duquesne University. we’ve got it in our communities. And I think In his remarks, he referred to Elsie Hillman, each of us has it in himself or herself, in Bush-Quayle Pennsylvania chairman; Susan ourselves, to transform America into the Giver, Allegheny County Young Republicans Nation that we’ve dreamed of for genera- chairwoman; Fred Rogers, creator of public tions. television children’s programs; Charles A. I am not pessimistic about the United Corry, chairman of USX Corp.; and Elsie States of America. We are not a country Neal, Methodist minister.

Remarks at a Benefit for the United Negro College Fund in Houston, Texas May 15, 1992

Thank you all, and please be seated. Bill, course, Doug Sanders is an old friend; he thank you very much. Bill Gray, as you may and Scotty do so much for others. And I’m know, was in the leadership in the House just proud once again to be at his side, and of Representatives, one of the most popular grateful to him. and one of the most important and one of I won’t keep you, but let me just add the most effective Members of Congress. a little to what Bill said about the United He left that to head the United Negro Col- Negro College Fund. A mind is a terrible lege Fund. We have great respect for him, thing to waste. This organization is doing and I am delighted to have been introduced an outstanding job for higher education in by him. And I just wanted all my fellow this country, offering kids opportunity that Houstonians to know how highly we regard might not have had another shot at the him and what he is doing for this commit- American dream. ment to the UNCF. Bill didn’t give you the details, but let me I want to thank, too, Sandy McCormick, just say that I think it was in 1947, maybe an old friend, and Warren Moon, an ad- ’8, that a man named Bill Trent came to mired friend who everyone in Houston re- New Haven when I was in school there. He spects for their leadership on this drive. I got me interested in the United Negro Col- want to single out, of course, Lee Trevino lege Fund, and I have remained interested and Arnold Palmer. I had the pleasure of in that. My brother John is now, what, flying down here today from Pittsburgh with chairman of the board nationally. And we Winnie Palmer, and she said, ‘‘Well, I’m know that it is worthwhile. And so we are glad Arnold is not with us. He’d be trying very grateful to all of you who have pitched to fly Air Force One.’’ [Laughter] But it in and made this great expansion of their is really a pleasure to be here. And, of program possible. It’s an outstanding outfit.

780 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / May 16

Now in conclusion, let me just say to Note: The President spoke at 7:35 p.m. at Doug, I’m glad to be back at his side, proud the Doug Sanders Celebrity Dinner, a bene- to have seen a little bit of the activities here fit for the United Negro College Fund this evening, and only sorry that I didn’t (UNCF) at the Greenspoint Club. In his re- get a chance to tee it up and show the marks, he referred to William H. Gray, new Mr. Smooth form. I’m back. [Laughter] UNCF president; Sandy McCormick, co- They can criticize me for hitting a golf ball, chair of the UNCF campaign in Houston; but I’m not going to stop, believe me. I Warren Moon, quarterback for the Houston love it. Oilers; golfers Doug Sanders, Lee Trevino, So, good luck to each and every one of and Arnold Palmer; Mr. Sanders’ wife, Scot- you participants. ty, and Mr. Palmer’s wife, Winnie.

Remarks at the Southern Methodist University Commencement Ceremony in Dallas, Texas May 16, 1992

Thank you, Dr. Pye, for the introduction, Southern Methodist University.’’ [Laughter] for the invitation, and I’m just delighted to I will try to accommodate you. I know be here. Let me also thank Reverend following this there’s presentation of de- Finnin for the invocation. And of course, grees. And I also want to single out Drs. I was charmed as everybody around here Kay and Pelikan for their work and just am is by the wonderful music of the S.M.U. proud to be on the platform with them. Symphony Orchestra. I just heard the an- I know this is an exciting day for you them, but I’m told they’re good on every- and your parents, the close of one important thing. And may I salute Ray Hunt, your chapter in your lives and the beginning— distinguished chairman. You know, when a way to look at it is the beginning of many, things were tough for S.M.U. a few years many more. Right after my own commence- back, this great Mustang led your wonderful ment, Barbara and I lit out for Odessa in university back, working with Dr. Pye and so many others, led it back to its undisputed our 1947 Studebaker to try our hands out place of integrity and excellence. And we there in the oil fields of west Texas. I had all owe him a debt of gratitude. many reasons for coming west, but the ad- It’s good to be back in Texas. I’m honored vice from one family friend tipped the bal- by this degree, even if I haven’t put in all ance. ‘‘What you need to do is head out those long hours hitting the books at ‘‘Char- to Texas,’’ he told me. ‘‘That’s the place lie’s.’’ [Laughter] I was supposed to say the for ambitious young people these days.’’ library, but I learned a little about the sen- Now, this was a few years, just a handful ior class. of years after World War II, what seems like Let me tell you about a graduation at Yale a lifetime ago. My friend’s advice was some University. They invited the bishop. And the of the best that I’ve ever had. I believe what bishop spoke, and he went, ‘‘Y is for youth,’’ he said then still holds true, not only for 25 minutes. ‘‘A is for altruism’’; that one Texas but for all of America. Members of lasted about 32 minutes. ‘‘L, loyalty,’’ an- your graduation class hail from as far away, other 45 minutes; ‘‘E’’ was excellence, 25 I’m told, as Czechoslovakia, as near as Uni- minutes. By the time the guy finished there versity Park, and then all the points in be- was a handful of students left; one was in tween. But for each of you, America is the prayer. And the bishop went over to him, place where ambition, energy, enthusiasm, and he said, ‘‘Thank you, son. I noticed you, and hard work are still rewarded; a faithful lad, are praying to God.’’ He said, ‘‘Yes, I am thanking God I did not go to

781 May 16 / Administration of George Bush, 1992 where young people can still feel confidence tory.’’ A few years later the American Cen- in their dreams. And I’m a little tired of the tury dawned. In the 1930’s, the declinists pessimism in this country. told us the Great Depression had made cap- So many of us in that class of, way back italism outmoded. Our victory in World War then, 1948 had been through the war; we’d II put an end to that talk. In the 1950’s, lost friends and loved ones. But even so, the Soviets launched the first satellite and the opportunities America offered on that the pessimists said America had lost the commencement day seemed limitless. I space race, 12 years before Neil Armstrong, think many of you wonder whether that an American, walked on the moon. Still holds true for you. This morning I want more recently, while many of you were still to make the case that today’s America is in grade school, some of our national lead- still a rising Nation, that the country you’re ers spoke of an era of limits and malaise, inheriting offers those same limitless oppor- right before Americans began the longest tunities that it held for Barbara and for me peacetime economic expansion in the his- and for your parents and for your grand- tory of our country. parents. So the pessimists were wrong. Pessimists We all are working to preserve for our- always are when they talk about America. selves and the generations to come three The optimists have the safer bet, but there’s precious legacies: Rewarding jobs for all a difference between optimism and smug who seek them, strong families, and a world self-satisfaction. Americans should never be at peace. Tomorrow, up at Notre Dame, satisfied with the way things are. ‘‘I’m an I will discuss the things we can do to idealist,’’ said Woodrow Wilson. ‘‘That’s how strengthen our families, the American fam- I know I’m an American.’’ We still dream ily. Then next week, at Annapolis at the big dreams and hold the highest hopes. Our Naval Academy, I’m going to explore the restlessness, our refusal to settle for any- great issues of war and peace. I might say thing less, is what propels us to make those parenthetically, I think we can all take some dreams real. pride in the fact that the young kids in the There’s something particularly ironic country today go to bed at night without about the pessimism we’re seeing today, for that awful fear of nuclear weapons that it comes at a moment of triumph that few some of us had. That is progress. That’s countries in history have been privileged to something dramatic, and that’s something enjoy. Over the past year we have seen the important. collapse of a seemingly implacable adver- But now let me just focus on the first sary, an empire deeply hostile to all that of those legacies, the economic future. I’m Americans cherish. We’ve seen emerge making the case that America’s best days from that totalitarian darkness a host of new lie before us, and I realize that I might nations, each struggling with a free and not be taking the fashionable view. Much democratic future, each looking to us, each of the conventional wisdom these days por- turning to America for leadership. trays America in decline, and its energy dis- In light of this, pessimism isn’t just ungra- sipated, its possibilities exhausted, a country cious; it’s also inaccurate. The fact is Amer- overrun by economic predators abroad and ica is more than the world’s sole military crippled by the insurmountable problems at superpower, though it is that. It’s more than home. the world’s political leader, though it is that, These declinists, as they are called, will too. It is also the greatest economic power hate to hear it, but they’re saying nothing the world has ever seen, a country uniquely new. You flip through those history books able to provide each of you unparalleled op- here in the library, and you’ll hear the portunity. It is certain to remain so if we gloomy predictions sounding again and refuse to settle for anything less. again. As our western frontier filled up in First, we must see our own situation the late 19th century, even that great Amer- clearly. That means debunking a few myths, ican booster Walt Whitman worried that for myths harm our ability to distinguish our soon his country might, here’s the quote, real problems from false ones. Perhaps ‘‘prove the most tremendous failure in his- you’ve heard that the American worker is

782 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / May 16 unproductive. In slow economic times peo- to make a point: America is a strong nation, ple look for scapegoats. You’ve heard the getting stronger, and we can learn from our American worker is unproductive. Well, this success. But those pessimists ignore the les- is a myth. The American worker is the most sons of America’s leadership. Instead, they productive in the industrial world, 30 per- push protection, and they push isolation, a cent more productive than his Japanese strategy based on the misguided fear that counterpart. That’s why, with one-twentieth America can’t rise to the challenges of a of the world’s population, we produce one- global economy. The danger is that for all fourth of the world’s goods and services. our undeniable strengths, fear of the future Maybe you’ve heard that the American could prove to be a self-fulfilling prophecy. worker is unskilled. This audience here, If America turned inward and insulated about to enter the work force, puts the lie itself in a cocoon of defeatism, the result to that claim. In fact, more than one out would be stagnation, fewer jobs with a lower of every four American workers has a col- pay, and a diminished standard of living for lege degree; another 20 percent have 1 to all. 3 years of college education. In Japan, only Our astounding economic success is in- one-third of the population goes on to high- creasingly dependent on a basic fact: If we er education. are to be prosperous at home, we must lead Maybe you’ve heard that our standard of economically abroad. And in a word, that living, the average American’s ability to buy means trade. America is the world’s leading goods and services, has fallen behind. Again, exporter, $422 billion worth last year alone. not true. Measured in purchasing power, And over the past 5 years, our merchandise our standard of living is far above other in- exports have grown almost 90 percent, sup- dustrialized nations. porting more than 7 million jobs. Here’s another myth, that America has fallen behind in science and technology and The defeatists, well, they pretend that innovation. Maybe the pessimists should trade is zero-sum game, where one partner’s come right here to the campus, come to gain must be offset by another’s loss. But S.M.U., talk to the grad students who will once again they’re wrong, demonstrably be working on the superconducting super wrong, and I refuse to squander the gains collider next fall. Or they could ask those of the last generation and the hopes of com- companies from Switzerland, Germany, ing generations in this crabbed misreading Japan, Korea, and the list goes on, who of America’s place in the world. For 3 years open research labs in the U.S. simply to our administration has pursued a policy of be close to the American scene. open and free trade because it does create ‘‘If not science,’’ say the pessimists, ‘‘then jobs and opportunity for Americans. Right how about industry?’’ You might have heard now, with the support of the people of that American industry is on the decline, Texas, we are on the verge of concluding and they’re wrong again. Manufacturing has an historic North American free trade grown faster than the rest of our economy. agreement which will create a $6 trillion In fact, in the last decade, American manu- free trade area from the Yukon to the Yuca- facturing grew faster than the rest of the tan. world combined. From one industry to an- Is our policy optimistic? Well yes, I plead other, the United States is more progressive guilty to being an optimist about this coun- and more efficient then its major trading try’s ability to compete. And do not mis- partners in mining, oil and gas drilling, utili- understand; we’ve got difficulties ahead. We ties, transportation, communications, agri- must now deal with a few alarming trends culture, forestry, fisheries, construction, sci- that endanger our world leadership and entific instruments, and paper and glass threaten your future. products, all kinds of different products, tex- I have challenged the Congress to join tiles, you name it. The list, too, goes on, me in a reform agenda based on the same but I don’t want to overdo it. first principles that underlie our prosperity. I don’t recite these statistics so we can Our economic success wasn’t hatched in all pat ourselves on the back. I just want some committee room on Capitol Hill or

783 May 16 / Administration of George Bush, 1992 around a conference table in the White tunity to pursue this dream, unhindered by House. It was determined on the shop floor, the ugliness of racism or anti-Semitism or in the board room, in the research lab, the benign neglect of a Government bu- where free men and women weighed the reaucracy. We are past the time for casting options, took the risks, and made their own blame or making excuses for despair in our decisions. America is the most prosperous inner cities. But we’ve got to ask ourselves Nation in history because it also is the this: Are the old ways, the old assumptions freest. That same commitment to limited still good enough? I believe the time has Government, to personal freedom, and to come to try the untried, to build a new personal responsibility must shape the re- approach on the principles of dignity and forms that we urgently need to undertake. personal initiative and opportunity. A radical transformation of our education Last week I presented to congressional system, for example, is long overdue. And leaders, in a very harmonious session at the that means we must allow communities the White House, a six-point plan for a new freedom to create their own break-the-mold America: schools, giving maximum flexibility to teach- First, our ‘‘Weed and Seed’’ anticrime ini- ers and principals. The G.I. bill says: Here’s tiative. Weed out the criminals and then some money; go to the college of your seed the neighborhoods with hope; choice. And now I believe the time has Second, our HOPE initiative to turn pub- come for parents to have the freedom to lic housing into private homes. Homeowner- choose their children’s schools at all levels, ship, I think, is the key when it comes to public, private, or religious. dignity and stronger families; In the same way, my plan to reform our Third, enterprise zones. Change the tax health care system makes health care more system so that it will serve as a magnet to affordable and accessible while preserving bring jobs and investment to the inner city, the all-important benefit of consumer jobs with dignity; choice. Then fourth, education reform, touched I have proposed comprehensive steps to on that, but offer every child the chance restore sanity to our legal system. The ex- at a world-class education; plosion in litigation threatens our economic Fifth, welfare reform, to replace the well-being and, worse, weakens the ethic of handout with the hand up; personal responsibility that lies at the heart And sixth, expanded job training for the of our national character. America would be young people of our cities. a better country if we sued each other less When I visited L.A., and a very moving and reached out to help each other more. trip it was for me, I came away with a deep- And yes, for those of us in Washington, ened sense of hope for America and her it is high time to get our own house in people. We all saw those horrifying acts of order. The Federal Government must start violence. But let me tell you another story living within its means. And to discipline from L.A. In the heat and chaos of the riots, both the executive branch and the Con- a pastor named Bennie Newton saw a man gress, I have long favored a balanced budget being beaten to the ground. And despite amendment. We will get it, and we need the threats and the blows, Reverend New- it now. And it’s a good thing for our coun- ton walked into the fray and draped his try. body over the bloody man until the beating Finally, Y–A–L–E, S–M–U—[laughter]— stopped. ‘‘My heart was crying,’’ said the finally, as our country moves forward into pastor. He saved the man’s life. the next century, we must resolve that no America is a nation of Bennie Newtons. one is left behind. The riots in L.A. re- You’ll find him in every city, in every town, minded us that we have much more work in every union hall, boy’s club, Scout troop. to do in our own neighborhoods. The Amer- You’ll find a lot right here at S.M.U., with ican dream takes root in families whole and your proud tradition of serving others. Few caring, in neighborhoods safe and secure, of us, of course, are ever called to take the and in schools unsullied by drugs and vio- risks that Reverend Newton did. But every lence. Every American deserves the oppor- day we face the question posed in the New

784 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / May 17

Testament: ‘‘If anyone has the world’s goods of 1992, the supermarket scanner. [Laugh- and sees his brother in need, yet closes his ter] But I do know this: the next century heart against him, how does God’s love will be your century. If you believe in free- abide in him?’’ dom and if you hold fast to your values On countless small occasions, each of us and if you remain faithful to our role in is called to open our hearts; each of us is the world, it is sure to be yet another Amer- called to lead, to take responsibility, to show ican century. the power of faith in action. I have spoken Thank you again. May God bless the today of our economic future, about free graduating class at S.M.U., and the United enterprise, personal liberty. But the free- States of America. Thank you very, very doms we cherish mean nothing unless much. they’re infused with the old virtues, the time-honored values: honor, honesty, thrift, Note: The President spoke at 10:33 a.m. at faith, self-discipline, service to others. Moody Coliseum. In his remarks, he re- I do not pretend to know the shape of ferred to A. Kenneth Pye, president, William the next century. The genius of a free peo- M. Finnin, chaplain, and Ray Hunt, chair- ple defies prediction. Certainly Barbara and man of the board of trustees, Southern I, when we loaded up that Studebaker for Methodist University; and honorary degree the trip to Odessa so long ago, could never recipients Herma Hill Kay, dean of the have imagined the technological marvels Boalton School of Law, University of Cali- that our grandchildren now take for grant- fornia, Berkeley, and Jarsoav Pelikan, Ster- ed, fax machines and VCR’s, for example, ling professor of history and religious stud- not to mention the most amazing invention ies, Yale University.

Remarks at the University of Notre Dame Commencement Ceremony in South Bend, Indiana May 17, 1992

Thank you, Father Malloy. It is really doesn’t vote with me much. I don’t vote wonderful to be back here at Notre Dame. with him much. But we’re good friends and Whenever I visit the campus or meet a have been for a long time, and I respect group of Notre Dame alumni, I feel this him, Pat Moynihan. Pat, glad to be with sense of family, and at Notre Dame that you. May I pay my respects to the outstand- truly means more than just words. I think ing faculty of Notre Dame. They put up it’s at the very core of what this institution with a lot and have done a great job, I’ll is all about. And with this honorary degree tell you. To our distinguished provost, don’t that I am so very proud to have, I am proud worry, sir, there’s a provost opening in a to become a Domer. Thank you for the junior college just outside of Nome, Alaska. honor. Thank you for the privilege. And I’m sure you’ll qualify. [Laughter] But I want to salute all of the honorary degree thank you for your warm introduction to recipients. A pleasure to be among such dis- me, thank you. tinguished educators and public servants. I Now to the graduates. For you graduates, want to single out again Father Malloy, these have been 4 long years. But I first whose graciousness means a lot to me. A want to say, I want to congratulate—I don’t special greeting to the man we all respect know where they are, but the class of 1992. so much, Chile’s President Aylwin, who has And I want to pay a special tribute to the done so much for democracy not just in family, to the parents, the family members, Chile but in our whole hemisphere. We’re and the friends. At today’s ceremony are grateful to you, sir. And another old friend a group of second generation Domers; 25 I’m proud to share this dais with. He percent of the graduating seniors have a

785 May 17 / Administration of George Bush, 1992 parent who attended Notre Dame. For you the story. The masonry was deteriorating, graduates, these have been 4 long, tough and some thought the time had come to years. Now comes the hardest part, sitting replace it. Instead, Professor O’Malley re- through the commencement speech. minded all who would listen, ‘‘These bricks [Laughter] But Billy Graham put it very contain the blood of everyone who helped well when he told, after a speaker had gone to build Notre Dame.’’ on a long time, a man sitting over here Today, that 150-year heritage is fully where Pat is picked up the gavel, heaved yours, too. But your preparation began long it at the guy that was speaking, missed him, before you walked in the shadow of the clipped a lady in the front row who said, dome. Your parents instilled in you char- ‘‘Hit me again. I can still hear him.’’ acter and a moral bearing. They sacrificed [Laughter] so that you could experience the Notre Let me first say I’m not here in the mode Dame education, an education that’s rooted of politics. I’m here to tell you the values in timeless faith and in a tradition of excel- that I strongly believe in. Those values can lence, and in the process inculcating into be summarized by the three major legacies each of you the worth of serving others. that I certainly want to leave behind for I hope each of you has also made a commit- my grandchildren, hopefully, for yours: jobs, ment to helping others and attacking some both for today’s workers who are actively of the major problems facing American soci- seeking work and for graduates entering the ety; become a mentor, a community orga- work force; strong families, to sustain us as nizer, a Point of Light. individuals, to nurture and encourage our At the heart of the problems facing our children, and to preserve our Nation’s char- country stands an institution under siege. acter and culture; and peace, peace around That institution is the American family. the world, on our streets, and in our schools Whatever form our most pressing problems as well. may take, ultimately, all are related to the Yesterday I spoke down at Southern disintegration of the family. Methodist where I focused on the economy and ability to generate jobs. Next week it Let us look objectively at a few brief and will be the Naval Academy, when I focus sad facts. In comparison with other coun- on our hope for a more peaceful world. tries, the Census Bureau found that the Freedom has swept around the world— United States has the highest divorce rate, you heard Chile’s President paying homage the highest number of children involved in to that—from the snows of Siberia to the divorce, the highest teenage pregnancy sands of the Gulf. Because we and our allies rates, the highest abortion rates, the highest stood strong and principled, our children percentage of children living in a single-par- and our grandchildren now sleep in a world ent household, and the highest percentage less threatened by nuclear war. That is dra- of violent deaths among our precious young. matic change, and it’s something good that These are not the kind of records that we we can take great pride in. want to have as a great country. Now we must concentrate on change here In Philadelphia the other day, in the inner in America as well, in ways no less dramatic city in what they call the Hill area, I talked or important. We’re taking a fresh look at to a barber there, Mr. Buice, who is one Government and how we solve national of the leaders of the community there. I problems. In Lincoln’s words, we must said, ‘‘Do these kids come from broken fam- think anew, act anew. ilies?’’ He said, ‘‘Sir, it’s a question of babies Preparing young men and women for having babies,’’ tears coming into his eyes. lives of leadership, service, and meaning: We’ve got to do something about this. And Each is part of this fantastic Notre Dame unless we successfully reverse the break- tradition, a tradition that has generated a down of the American family, our Nation host of inspiring stories. I was particularly is going to remain at risk. moved when I heard about Frank Senator Moynihan, way back, way back, O’Malley’s role in saving the bricks of your early in 1965, you gave us fair warning. You administration building. Most of you know predicted with astonishing accuracy the ter-

786 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / May 17 rible trends that would result from the them understand the larger family. And we breakdown of the family. And today, with are one Nation under God. We must re- respect, sir, you continue to sound the member that, and we must teach that. alarm. The Senator and I agree: If America Starting today, as you go from this fine is to solve her social problems, we must, institution to face the challenges of your first of all, restore our families. adult life, the decisions you make will have In addressing the problems associated one of two effects: Either you will add to with family breakdown, nothing is more the problems of family breakdown, or you critical than equipping each succeeding gen- will help rebuild the American family. You eration with a sound moral compass. As see, I am absolutely convinced that today’s Notre Dame has expanded it has never lost sight of its profound spiritual mission. In- crisis will have to be addressed by millions deed, this institution takes seriously its role of Americans at the personal, individual in building the character of our young peo- level for governmental programs to be ef- ple and the strength of our families, for fective. The Federal Government, of course, those are the leading indicators of our fu- must do everything it can do, but the point ture as a culture. When we instill faith in is Government alone is simply not enough. our youth, faith in themselves, faith in God, In my view, Government can, and we we give them a solid foundation on which must, provide parental choice of the best to build their future. schools for our children, whether public, As Pope John XXIII said, ‘‘The family is private, or religious. The GI bill says here’s the first essential cell of human society.’’ some money; go to the college of your The family is the primary and most critical choice. Choice should apply to all levels of institution in America’s communities. education. Parents must read to their chil- In January—I’ll never forget this meet- dren and instill a love of learning. Govern- ing—I met with some mayors from Ameri- ment can, and we must, fight crime. But ca’s League of Cities, including Mayor Tom fathers and mothers must teach discipline Bradley of Los Angeles. They came to- and instill those values in their children. gether, smalltown Republican mayor from Government can, and we must, foster North Carolina, middle-size city mayors, American competitiveness. But parents large-city mayors, and they told me of their concerns for their cities, their municipali- must teach their children the dignity of ties. But most of all, the mayors came to- work and instill a work ethic in the kids. gether on one key point, and they were And to paraphrase that fantastic philoso- unanimous: Their major concern about the pher, Barbara Bush—[laughter]—what you problems in the cities, in their view, the teach at your house is more important than people on the front line, was the decline what happens at the White House. And she in the American family. One result of that is absolutely correct on that. meeting is this Commission on America’s All of us realize that merely knowing Urban Families. And I hope it comes up what’s right is not enough. We must then with some good, positive, constructive an- do what’s right. Today I’m asking you to swers. carefully consider the personal decisions It is clear that we all know that putting that you’ll make about marriage and about America’s families back on track is essential how you will raise your children. Ultimately, to putting our country back on track. You your decisions about right and wrong, about may ask how we can proceed when we don’t loyalty and integrity, and yes, even self-sac- all agree on the causes of the problem or rifice, will determine the quality of all the the remedies. I believe that one place to other decisions that you’ll make. And as you begin is by supporting Pope John Paul II’s think about these decisions, remember: It most recent encyclical calling for a new so- is in families that children learn the keys cial climate of moral accountability in which to raise our children. Leadership in that task to personal economic success and self-dis- can and should be led by the Nation’s cipline and personal responsibility. It is in churches; kids need to learn faith to help families that children learn that moral

787 May 17 / Administration of George Bush, 1992 restraint gives us true freedom. It is from John Paul II, the ultimate test of your great- their families that they learn honesty and ness is the way you treat every human self-respect and compassion and self-con- being, but especially the weakest and the fidence. most defenseless ones. And you would do well to consider the Let me challenge all of you to find a place simple but profound words of Notre Dame’s to serve in some capacity, definitely as mod- own Father Hesburgh when he said, ‘‘The els but also as mentors. Remember each most important thing a father can do for of us has a contribution that only we can his children is to love their mother.’’ Think make. And let me remind you as you as- how this vitally important commitment from sume the mantles of tomorrow’s leadership fathers to mothers would radically transform that children tend to shape their dreams for the better both the lives of thousands in the images that they have seen. Show of our Nation’s hurting children and their how a good education prepares one for a struggling mothers as well. full, productive life. Show what it means In many respects, I feel here at Notre to be a person of strong principle and integ- Dame that I’m preaching to the choir be- rity. Demonstrate how concerned individ- cause here at Notre Dame, you have bene- uals, by working in partnership, can trans- fited from the legions of great men and form our communities and Nation. women of conviction and faith. Here, there Lastly, in a society that can sometimes is a tradition of passion for addressing the be cold and impersonal, bring warmth and staggering needs of the day. Notre Dame’s welcome. In a fragmented society, be a Alumni Association is the prototype for force for healing. In a society cut off from other universities in sponsoring service moral and spiritual roots, cultivate grace and projects and working toward the restoration truth. In the face of the uncertainties of of faith and the family in America. the future, affirm your purpose and realize In fact, at this very moment, the Notre your promise. Together, we can lift our Na- Dame alumni group out there in Los Ange- tion’s spirit. Together we can give our mate- les is in the midst of a massive food and rial, political, and economic accomplish- distribution project to assist residents af- ments a larger, more noble purpose, to fected by the violence in south central L.A. build God’s kingdom here on Earth. When that food is distributed and the riot- There is no surer way to build our Na- torn areas are rebuilt, I hope that the alum- tion’s future than with the mortar and the ni group and thousands of others who are bricks of moral values and strong families. helping will stay involved in this and other If you will add your blood to the bricks, urban areas. Government alone cannot do the future will echo, then as now, ‘‘Never what needs to be done by itself. People who bet against Notre Dame or against the care must help. United States of America.’’ And since becoming President I have had Thank you all, and good luck to this class an opportunity to see a groundswell of of 1992 and to the entire Notre Dame fam- Americans who are working, and working ily. And may God Bless our great country. hard, to restore our Nation’s faith and heal Thank you very much. the wounds that have undermined our Na- tion’s families. These Americans are devoted to rebuilding, restoring America from the ground up, family by family, home by home, community by community. Note: The President spoke at 3:03 p.m. in I was impressed to learn that more than the Joyce Athletic and Convocation Center. two-thirds of Notre Dame’s students partici- In his remarks, he referred to University pate in community service, two-thirds, rang- of Notre Dame officials Edward A. Malloy, ing from working with the handicapped president; Timothy O’Meara, provost; Theo- children at Logan Center to assisting former dore M. Hesburgh, former president; and prisoners at Dismas House. Fully 10 per- Frank O’Malley, former professor of cent of your graduates plan to go into social English. A tape was not available for ver- service careers. And to paraphrase Pope ification of the content of these remarks.

788 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / May 18

Remarks to the National Association of Home Builders May 18, 1992

Thank you very much for that welcome, 70 million new homes and apartment units and welcome to the South Lawn of the later, two in three households own their White House. May I salute the national di- own home. That is dramatic progress, but rectors, the homebuilders, and the many, we’re not done yet. many friends that are here. I also want to For that, I salute you. Once again, you’re single out two members of our Cabinet, helping our economy work so that America Secretary Brady and then one you know so can get back to work. And yes, we have well because you’ve dealt with him a lot, had some tough times in this country. But Secretary Jack Kemp, who’s out there doing consider this: 264,000 housing starts in the an awful lot in the housing field. first 3 months of this year; a 2-percent GDP Welcome to the people’s house. Some of growth in the first quarter, more that a you may know this is like a museum, well quarter of that resulting from residential over a million people going through every construction. The old adage is coming true: year. I don’t know how many are going As housing goes, so goes the economy. through right this minute, but I’m sure Your industry employs more than 6 mil- they’re going to think we’re having a yard lion Americans. More and more, they’re sale out here when they see all of this stuff. helping other Americans turn recession into [Laughter] But we’re here to mark a special birthday. recovery. I speak here as a participant, not I heard a little earlier from the leadership a bystander. From my Texas business days about this 50th anniversary of the Home I know what it means to meet a payroll Builders. I want to salute a special team and try to balance a budget and help people of them, the leaders, with whom I just met put food on the table. Like you, I know in the Rose Garden. First, of course, Jay that strong housing can help a strong econ- Buchert, who has done an outstanding job omy. I know how that helps Americans wor- for this organization, outstanding, and then rying about providing for their families, Roger Glunt and Tommy Thompson and meeting the challenges of paying their bills, Jim Irvine and Mark Tipton, Bob Bannister, buying that home, and setting aside for re- and of course, Kent Colton. I want to thank tirement. you at the beginning of these brief remarks That’s why, in my State of the Union for your support. Even more, we Bushes Message, I announced a program for eco- are grateful for the friendships we have of nomic growth. I called for penalty-free with- those in the Home Builders. drawal from IRA’s for the purchase of a Millie was a little disappointed. She first home; changes in the passive-loss tax thought she was going to get a new dog rules to spur the real estate and housing house here. We came and checked it out development; an extension of mortgage rev- this morning. [Laughter] enue bonds and the low-income housing tax But I do believe that Barbara and our credit. And yes, I called for a job-generating kids believe in these same values that you cut in the tax on capital gains. Here’s the all have: community, country, respect, re- one I feel would really also help this econ- sponsibility, family, jobs, peace. We know omy and help it fast, a proposal that we’ve we put America first when we put America’s made and that I’m proud of, a $5,000 tax families first, and for 50 years, that’s what credit for first-time homebuyers. We need the Home Builders have been doing. You’re this credit to keep the housing market on helping people fulfill the American dream the mend, helping people like you sell and and enlarge the American pie. When the build homes. And here’s why: $5,000 could Home Builders were founded, the NAHB, pay 7 months of mortgage payments on the almost one-half of the Nation lived in sub- average American home. According to your standard housing, and only four in ten own figures, these housing initiatives would owned their own homes. Today, more than mean 415,000 new construction industry

789 May 18 / Administration of George Bush, 1992 jobs and $20 billion in new economic activ- to our inner cities. Now, Jack Kemp knows ity. This is just one more way that your how HOPE can give poor families a stake slogan, ‘‘Housing equals jobs,’’ can be real- in their communities. And his message is ized. I challenged the Congress again today beginning to get through up there in the to pass these growth initiatives. United States Congress. Bottom line: Parenthetically speaking, to discipline HOPE will turn housing into homes. both the executive branch and the legisla- HOPE is only one part, actually, of our tive branch, we need to get moving on that six-point plan for a new America which will balanced budget amendment. I really be- use opportunity, not bureaucracy, to combat lieve the time for that has come. poverty and inequality. And the plan also Some in Congress haven’t gotten the mes- includes our ‘‘Weed and Seed’’ initiative, it’s sage yet. But I believe, and I think Jack an anticrime initiative; enterprise zones; and Nick Brady would agree with me, the time is right for some of these new ideas, education reform; welfare reform; and also ideas that we’ve been proposing but that a strong jobs program for city youth. This haven’t been tried. I think the American plan makes a promising start. We are going people want to see us take some action and to do our level-best to get it passed. get something new done. So I’m optimistic And yes, I will continue to push for what that we can move forward now in the Con- we mentioned a minute ago, regulatory re- gress in a way that we haven’t been able form, because I want Government to help, to in the past. not hurt, the ability of private enterprise This year, the Home Builders ran an ad to expand and to create jobs. So I’ve ex- in the Washington Post. And the headline tended for another 120 days the blanket was marvelous, if you haven’t seen it. The moratorium on Federal regulation. Jay puts headline read: ‘‘Earth to Congress: Enough it this way, your president: ‘‘Let builders is enough.’’ I don’t believe anybody could build.’’ I know he agrees that we need poli- have said it any better than that. cies that also let buyers buy, and that’s what Well, you’ve heard the definition of a con- part of this is all about. tractor: A gambler who never gets to shuf- I wish everyone understood this concept. fle, cut, or deal. [Laughter] We have to On the other hand, you know what it takes; make it easier to deal, sell, hire, invest. So it takes more than bricks and lumber and we’re going to continue to sound that mes- mortar to build a home. It takes heart. It sage that sound banks should make sound takes skill. And it takes dreams. You know loans. The bankers should also work with that owning a home helps America, makes the borrowers experiencing temporary dif- it better, more caring. You show this in your ficulties from the remnants of the recession. Homes Across America program, where For our part, we have been working with NAHB members build and renovate homes the Federal Reserve to keep these interest for the needy. So far I am told that this rates low, and we’ve been fighting for com- program has housed more than 600 families, monsense regulation, not overregulation, of banks and thrifts. And we are going to keep and with us today is one of them, Gerald on that fight. We have made over 30 spe- and Angela Williams and their four chil- cific regulatory policy changes, many, frank- dren, sitting right over here in the front ly, with the help from your leadership, to row, Murria, Charlease, Gerald, and Latoya. enhance the ability of banks and thrifts to They moved into their new home in Jack- raise new capital, to make new loans, and sonville on Mothers’ Day. And the Williams’ then to work with troubled borrowers. Nick home was built by the builders of the Jack- Brady, Treasury Secretary, and I are going sonville association of the NAHB and Habi- to work to be sure that these measures are tat for Humanity. I salute them and also carried out. salute those who made it possible and also Next, we’re going to push hard for the salute the Williams family. HOPE initiative, requesting $1 billion in You show how the dream of homeowner- funding for fiscal ’93 and a key part of our ship keeps the American dream alive. And plan for a new America to bring opportunity that dream seemed elusive half a century

790 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / May 19 ago, but you right here, all of you, have Note: The President spoke at 11:12 a.m. on aided it and nurtured it as a parent does the South Lawn at the White House. In his a child. And for that, we are all very, very remarks, he referred to association officers grateful to you. Jay Buchert, president; Roger Glunt, first We salute you on behalf of each Amer- vice president; Tommy Thompson, vice ican. On this special anniversary, for those president and treasurer; Jim Irvine, vice who have done so much, we say thank you president and secretary; Mark E. Tipton, from a grateful country. May God bless you immediate past president; Robert D Ban- all. And may God bless the United States nister, senior staff vice president; and Kent of America. Colton, executive vice president. Thank you all very, very much.

Appointment of John A. Cline as Special Assistant to the President for Intergovernmental Affairs May 18, 1992

The President today announced the ap- formulate a national transportation policy, pointment of John A. Cline as Special As- which the President announced in March sistant to the President for Intergovern- 1990. Prior to this, Mr. Cline served as vice mental Affairs. president for management and labor rela- Since January 1991, Mr. Cline has served tions for National Transit Services, Inc., a as Director of the Office of Congressional Chicago-based national transportation man- Affairs at the Department of Transportation. agement firm. Prior to this, Mr. Cline served as the Associ- Mr. Cline graduated from Northern Illi- ate Administrator for Budget and Policy at nois University in 1981. He was born No- the Federal Transit Administration, an vember 25, 1959, in Chicago, IL. Mr. Cline agency of the Department of Transpor- lives in Arlington, VA, with his wife, Krista tation, 1989–91. Mr. Cline also served on L. Edwards, and their infant daughter. the Secretary of Transportation’s team to

Nomination of Gregory F. Chapados To Be an Assistant Secretary of Commerce May 18, 1992

The President today announced his inten- served as a legislative assistant to Senator tion to nominate Gregory F. Chapados, of Stevens, 1983–86. Alaska, to be Assistant Secretary of Com- Mr. Chapados graduated from Harvard merce for Communications and Informa- College (B.A., 1979) and Harvard Law tion. He would succeed Janice Obuchowski. School (J.D., 1983). He was born May 8, Since 1986, Mr. Chapados has served as 1957, in Fairbanks, AK. Mr. Chapados re- chief of staff to Senator Ted Stevens (R- sides in Washington, DC. AK) in Washington, DC. Prior to this, he

791 May 19 / Administration of George Bush, 1992

Remarks at the Departure Ceremony for President Nursultan Nazarbayev of Kazakhstan May 19, 1992

Well, Mr. President, distinguished mem- nations. Today we took very positive steps bers of the Kazakhstan delegation, it’s been toward increased trade with the signing of a great pleasure to welcome you to the agreements on trade, bilateral investment, White House on this historic occasion, the and the Overseas Private Investment Cor- first-ever visit of the head of state of an poration. independent Kazakhstan. I have never been The surest way, though, to increase trade to your country, but Secretary Baker has. remains for American firms to have the op- And he has spoken to me about the tremen- portunity to compete fairly in Kazakhstan. dous potential of a nation rich in resources, I am pleased that the Kazakh Government a nation stretching from the steppes of Rus- has this week signed a landmark agreement sia to the Tien Shan in the south, 4 times with Chevron Corporation to open the the size of Texas. Tengiz oil fields. Mr. President, our meeting today marks In order to expand trade, I’ve asked for the beginning of a new relationship, a rela- our able Secretary of Commerce, Barbara tionship made possible by the end of the Franklin, to form a business development long era of East-West conflict that we called committee to work with your Government the cold war. With the passing of that bitter to increase contacts between private Kazakh conflict, we enter into a new era of hope and American firms. We will continue to for a more democratic and free order in provide humanitarian assistance, including Eastern Europe and in Central Asia. much needed food and medical aid. The Under your leadership, sir, Kazakhstan is U.S. also stands ready with technical assist- pursuing a course true to these aims. Our ance on a range of issues, from food dis- meetings today confirm the many interests tribution to speeding the conversion of de- that we share. The U.S. supports your inde- fense sector industry to civilian economy. pendence. We believe its security, But Government assistance is just one Kazakhstan’s security, is important for sta- part of an outpouring of American support. bility in Europe and in Asia. We welcome As President, I am pleased to see the active President Nazarbayev’s commitment that efforts on behalf of private citizens to pro- Kazakhstan will join the Non-Proliferation vide aid to your new nation, volunteer orga- Treaty as a non-nuclear-weapons state and nizations like Project Hope and Mercy that it will adhere to the START Treaty. Corps, to the city of Waukesha, Wisconsin, We’ll continue to work toward a signing of which has sent 40,000 pounds of food, med- the new START protocol by Kazakhstan, ical supplies, and clothing to its Kazakh sis- Ukraine, Byelarus, Russia, and the United ter city. States in the very near future. Like all of the former republics of the I want to take this occasion to underline Soviet empire, Kazakhstan faces challenges our pledge to maintain regular, high-level that go beyond the need to build a strong, communication with the Kazakh Govern- competitive economy. After more than 70 ment on political and security issues, and years of Communist rule, Kazakhstan and that means exploring the possibility of coop- its Commonwealth neighbors are engaged erative programs in nuclear nonproliferation in the difficult task of nation-building. At and beginning contacts between the armed issue are the first questions of government forces of our two nations. and society: respect for the rule of law; the Beyond our common security interest, the role of political parties, of free press and U.S. is committed to helping Kazakhstan independent media; the freedom of associa- make the transition from the old Socialist tion; and the freedom of the individual. command economy to the free market. We On behalf of all Americans, I pledge the continue to aim at a tax treaty between our support of the United States of America as

792 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / May 19

Kazakhstan seeks a future that is peaceful, remarks followed a ceremony in which prosperous, and free. President Bush and President Nazarbayev Once again, Mr. President, it has been signed the Agreement on Trade Relations a special privilege to welcome you to Wash- Between the United States and Kazakhstan, ington, to welcome you to the White House. the Bilateral Investment Treaty Between the And may God bless your great country. United States and Kazakhstan, and the United States-Kazakhstan Overseas Private Note: The President spoke at 1:17 p.m. in Investment Corporation Agreement. the Rose Garden at the White House. The

Joint Declaration With President Nursultan Nazarbayev of Kazakhstan May 19, 1992

DECLARATION ON U.S.-KAZAKHSTAN mit to uphold shared international prin- RELATIONS ciples, especially democracy, respect for At the conclusion of this important meet- borders and territorial integrity, and peace- ing, we—the President of the United States ful resolution of disputes. Together we will and the President of the Republic of promote respect for international law and Kazakhstan—have resolved to develop the principles enshrined in the Helsinki friendly, cooperative relations between our Final Act, the Charter of Paris, other impor- countries and peoples, and to work together tant documents of the Conference on Secu- to strengthen international peace and stabil- rity and Cooperation in Europe, and the ity. United Nations Charter. The United States Kazakhstan and the United States favor welcomes Kazakhstan’s efforts to establish an early ratification and implementation of equal and mutually beneficial relations with the START Treaty as an important guaran- Russia and the states of Central Asia as well tor of maintaining global stability. Reaffirm- as with other states in accordance with these ing its commitment to peace and security, principles. Toward this end, the United Kazakhstan shall, at the earliest possible States welcomes Kazakhstan’s membership time, accede to the Treaty on the Non-pro- in multilateral institutions like the United liferation of Nuclear Weapons as a non-nu- Nations, the Conference on Security and clear state, while preserving the right of Cooperation in Europe, the North Atlantic control over the non-use and reductions of Cooperation Council, the International the nuclear weapons temporarily deployed on its territory. Kazakhstan guarantees to Monetary Fund and the World Bank, and carry out the elimination of all types of nu- its commitment to values and accepted clear weapons, including strategic offensive norms of behavior in the world. We agree arms, within the seven-year period provided that our countries should maintain a regular for in the START Treaty. The United States bilateral dialogue on questions of peace and welcomes these steps and shall take nec- stability that are of interest to both states. essary measures to assist Kazakhstan in this We believe that the basis for the develop- matter. Kazakhstan and the United States ment of a lasting partnership between our agree on the need to establish effective na- states must be a shared commitment to pro- tional control over non-proliferation of the mote the values of democracy, free markets, weapons of mass destruction and associated and world peace. In this regard, the United technologies to third countries. States supports Kazakhstan’s commitment to The United States and Kazakhstan will pursue far-reaching political and economic work to strengthen international security on reform. The United States welcomes the basis of lower and more stable levels Kazakhstan’s desire to build its independ- of armaments among all nations. We com- ence in full accordance with the

793 May 19 / Administration of George Bush, 1992 principles of a free and democratic society, agreements that constitute the basic frame- including free elections, pluralism and toler- work of our economic relationship. They ance, freedom of emigration, the rule of will promote economic ties between the two law, and respect for human rights, including states and will further economic develop- equal rights for all individuals belonging to ment. We have concluded a trade agree- ethnic or religious minorities. The United ment that will confer Most Favored Nation States Government, in cooperation with the tariff treatment on Kazakhstan, an OPIC American private sector, will make available agreement to make available investment in- programs designed to help Kazakhstan es- surance for American firms investing in tablish the institutions, ideas, and practices Kazakhstan, and a Bilateral Investment that form the foundation of democracy. Treaty. We have also agreed to expedite ne- Kazakhstan will seek to accelerate its ef- gotiations on a tax treaty, and to develop forts to move toward a market economy our cooperation in the area of scientific re- through a plan for macroeconomic stabiliza- search and environmental protection. A crit- tion and structural/microeconomic reform ical feature of our cooperation will be an that will promote economic recovery, mar- effort by Kazakhstan to lower barriers to ket development, and growth. This plan will trade and investment to allow greater access be developed in cooperation with the Inter- for American and foreign firms, especially national Monetary Fund and other inter- in sectors such as oil and natural gas, min- national financial institutions. The United ing, agriculture, manufacturing, and food States will support such a plan and will en- processing. courage others to do so as well. In particu- By agreeing to work jointly to advance lar, the United States will provide these common interests, we have taken an Kazakhstan with access to technical assist- important step in the development of a ance programs to assist its efforts to develop strong, lasting friendship between a market economy. Kazakhstan and the United States. Through Kazakhstan and the United States will expanded cooperation between our govern- work actively to promote free trade, investments, and expanded contacts between our ment, and economic cooperation between peoples, we seek to build an enduring rela- our countries. The United States and tionship that will enhance the freedom and Kazakhstan have signed three economic well-being of our nations and the world.

Remarks to the National Retail Federation May 19, 1992

The President. Let me first salute Lamar morning. Alexander; most of you know who he is, The President. Yes. I want to say about our Secretary for Education. But as we’re Pat, when this problem broke out there in trying to literally revolutionize American Los Angeles, she took that SBA and really education, give kids a real break, give them rose to the occasion. I think she’s really try- a shot at excellence, why, I can’t tell you ing to help in that field. And of course, how grateful I am to have him as Secretary. what they’re doing, SBA, across the board, He’s doing a superb job. I hope, is beneficial in many ways to all Tracy, president, thank you for having me business people in this country. here. And to Joseph Antonini, I salute him, But as you know, these riots out there left our chairman. And thank you all very much a large number of retail operators and a lot for coming. of small businesses devastated. What hap- I gather Pat Saiki has been here, right, pened in the Korean community, where it or has she? was particularly concentrated, was just hor- Ms. Tracy Mullins. She spoke to us this rible and, of course, all communities. But

794 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / May 19

Pat did respond very swiftly. The SBA and I’m sure Lamar will describe to you. then also FEMA, the Federal Emergency Welfare reform, you’ve got to be careful Management Agency, have made massive that you put it forward in a very construc- resources available. The Federal Home tive way, and that, again, is what we’re try- Loan Bank is going to offer an additional ing to do. I read the case of the family $600 million to finance the rebuilding of the other day where a little girl had man- homes and businesses there. Then we have aged to save a pittance, her mother being a special task force to cut the redtape and on welfare, and the welfare law was such to make sure that these businesses get the that she couldn’t save anything beyond help that they deserve in record time. $1,000. That seems to me to be counter- So I wanted to just give you a report on productive. So we’re trying to make reforms that. I think the Federal Government has there, as well as permit the States to try responded promptly to the troubles out new things through what we call the waiver there. The Governor and the Mayor have process: give waivers to the States from the both thanked us for what we’ve done, not existing guidelines and let them try innova- only in this side but also in the law enforce- tive answers, whether it’s learnfare or ment side by bringing to bear some of the workfare or whatever it is. So this one is U.S. Army, the 7th Infantry, and the Ma- important. Again, it transcends just Los An- rines at a time when it was very dicey. So geles, but it’s a national thing. I hope that our response has been proper. Strong job training programs for young But now we’ve got to go beyond this tragedy people is a very good one. And we’ve got and renew our commitment to bring hope Job Training 2000, which is like a one-stop and to bring opportunity not just to Los shopping for all the Federal Agencies to Angeles but to every city. come together and help on that one. Last week, we went to the Congress with Then the enterprise zones approach. I six action-oriented items. Again I had a was amazed, but in everyplace I went, both chance to repeat that; we had the Demo- there in South Central, in the Korean com- cratic leaders and the Republican leaders munity, and then in Pittsburgh and in Phila- into the White House today. And the six delphia, there’s an idea which really has points: The first one was a ‘‘Weed and unanimous support now. So I am very hope- Seed’’ anticrime initiative, where you weed ful that this enterprise zones concept that out the criminal elements and then seed passed the Congress, not in the form we the neighborhoods with investments and wanted but that passed the Congress, will jobs that hopefully will bring opportunity be enacted into law. It will bring private to the communities. capital and jobs to the neighborhoods. It The housing initiative is known as HOPE, will act like a magnet, giving businesses a that’s Homeownership for People Every- break to locate in these tough areas. And where. We get hit, saying, ‘‘Hey, we ought obviously, if it didn’t work and wasn’t pro- to try some new ideas.’’ We said, ‘‘This is ductive, they wouldn’t stay. But at least it’s a new idea. It really hasn’t been tried.’’ It’s an idea that needs to be tried. a proposal we’ve had out there. But I hap- Now, on your business, I know the retail- pen to feel that dignity comes with owning ers have not had it easy. You’ve been your own home an awful lot of the time. through some tough times, as have many So we’re going to press, and I think Con- other sectors of the economy. I think there gress now will be much more receptive to are reasons to be encouraged overall. In the that. first quarter of this year, retail sales were Education reform Lamar will talk about. up by, I’m told, a strong 3 percent. And But in terms of meeting medium and longer I want to tell you that we are going to try range objectives, therein lies the answer. to do everything we can from here to en- These kids have got to be educated. They sure that the growth continues. have got to understand that gang warfare It’s odd, I just saw some new surveys, and is no substitute for jobs. So we’re putting the American people still feel the economy an awful lot of stake on trying to get is getting worse, even though most econo- through now the education program that mists now and most business people are

795 May 19 / Administration of George Bush, 1992 saying, ‘‘Hey, it’s beginning to move.’’ I As you may know, we have a moratorium think you’ll see some growth figures that now on new Federal regulations. It has confirm that. But there’s a confidence prob- been successful, and now we’ve renewed it. lem out there that I’m sure adversely affects We’re speeding up those regulations that some of your interests, some of your busi- encourage growth. Wherever possible, we ness. I think that can turn around now, and are actually canceling regulations that need- I think it will turn around. lessly burden business. I have certain re- We are going to try not to oversell where sponsibilities for safety, for the environ- the economy stands but at least try to gun ment, but I am convinced that up until now down some of this pessimism you get on we’ve not found, Government hasn’t found, the top of every news broadcast across this the proper balance. We are really working country. I mean, when a statistic comes out at this problem, and I hope that we can that’s favorable, somebody finds a bad one prove to you that the days of overregulation to offset it with or trying to put a bad spin are just exactly that, that they are over. But on it. But I believe things are beginning if you get examples from your businesses to move. And I think most people in the where that is not true, please call them to country feel that way. I hope that that is our attention, and let us try to help with immediately felt in the retail business. this bureaucracy out there where we have In Washington, clearly, we’ve got to get to fight to hold the line against the excesses our own house in order. We have proposals of regulation. before the Congress now that really would The IRS, just by way of example here, help with the Federal deficit. We are not at our direction has issued new rules to sim- going to get the deficit down until we cap plify the payroll tax system. Those new rules the growth of—you don’t have to cut—but are really going to reduce, significantly, I cap the growth of the mandatory programs. might say, the payroll costs of businesses. There’s no other way to do it. We’ve done We’re launching an experimental program fairly well by capping the discretionary pro- that will let employers make tax payments grams. But we’ve got to get discipline back. That leaves me to ask for your support electronically. And there is no reason why for an idea that I’ve long been for, advo- you should waste time and money doing pa- cated it in campaign after campaign, but perwork for the U.S. Government. that we may have a chance to get through I also understand how crucial trade is to Congress now, and that is the balanced the growth of your area; this is a whole budget amendment. It will have to be other point. In fact, I believe it is crucial phased in. It can’t be done overnight. But for every American. Our economic success it can be phased in. And I really think it at home depends on our economic success would discipline not just the Congress but abroad. We can no longer pull back in isola- any executive branch, ours or subsequent tion or into protectionism. We simply can’t executive branches. I would like to ask your do it. There are some bad politics in it. support on that because that’s beginning to Maybe there are some good politics. I know churn around in the Congress right now. there’s good common sense in this approach Secondly, we are going to continue to go I’ve outlined. after redtape, reduce Federal redtape. It I really appreciate what you all have done acts as a straitjacket. I was in business once, on behalf of the North American free trade that was way back in the fifties and sixties, agreement. And I am convinced that it is and I remember the pain it was to have in the interest of the American worker to to go to several Agencies to get permits to get that agreement passed. When we get go out and do our business. So we are trying it, and I am confident we will, we’re going to simplify all that now, recognizing that to have created a $6.5 trillion market with every dollar you spend conforming to some the North America free trade agreement, Government mandate is a dollar that you $6.5 trillion market, one of the largest of could spend in some way making sales to the world. your customers more efficiently or reducing Also on the GATT round, we’re moving costs or whatever. forward there. It’s difficult, the hangups, I

796 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / May 19 won’t burden you with all the details, but tion are just the best possible rebuttal to I’m telling you it’s like pulling teeth getting the pessimists. the GATT round completed. But a success- So with your help I think we can dem- ful GATT agreement could pump more onstrate, as we’re coming out of this slow, than $5 trillion into the global economy over infinitesimal growth period, that we’ve got 10 years. Our share of that promises to top plenty to be grateful for and that there’s $1 trillion. That means, obviously, more and plenty of opportunity out there. The retail- more better jobs for Americans. I think it ers have been in the lead for many sensible means better service for your customers, fiscal proposals up there on Capitol Hill, too, and I think it means better prospects and this is a good opportunity just to say to make your businesses grow. I think the thank you from the bottom of a very, very consumer is helped here by prices being grateful heart. reasonable and more competitive. Thank you for being with us today. And Now, I am committed to both the now I will turn the program either to the NAFTA and GATT round conclusions. And chairman or to the other president, depend- some call this trade policy optimistic, and ing how we want to do all of this. in a sense, I think they’re right because I am optimistic about this country. I refuse Note: The President spoke at 3:03 p.m. in to be one of the pessimists when it comes Room 450 of the Old Executive Office Build- to where we stand in terms of the future. ing. In his remarks, he referred to federa- The creativity and the energy and the en- tion officers Tracy Mullins, president, and thusiasm of the members of this organiza- Joseph Antonini, chairman.

Message to the Senate Transmitting the North Pacific Fish Conservation Convention May 19, 1992

To the Senate of the United States: and the United States cooperated in the de- With a view to receiving the advice and velopment of the Convention, which will consent of the Senate to ratification, I trans- enter into force following ratification, ac- mit herewith the Convention for the Con- ceptance, or approval by all four of these servation of Anadromous Stocks in the signatory States. It is anticipated that the North Pacific Ocean, with Annex, which was Convention will enter into force before the signed by the United States of America on end of 1992 or by early 1993. It is important February 11, 1992, in Moscow. I transmit that the United States and the other con- also, for the information of the Senate, the cerned States ratify the Convention quickly report of the Department of State with reso that we may operate under its beneficial spect to the Convention. framework as soon as possible. This Convention establishes a new organi- I recommend that the Senate give early zation, the North Pacific Anadromous Fish and favorable consideration to the Conven- Commission (NPAFC), which will contrib- tion and give its advice and consent to ratifi- ute significantly to the conservation of anad- cation. romous fishery resources and ecologically related species in the high seas area of the North Pacific Ocean. The Commission will serve as an effective forum for closer international coordination of North Pacific fish- GEORGE BUSH ery enforcement activities on the high seas. The White House, Canada, Japan, the Russian Federation, May 19, 1992.

797 May 19 / Administration of George Bush, 1992

Memorandum Delegating Authority To Report on China May 19, 1992

Memorandum for the Secretary of State, the Law 102–138). These functions shall be ex- Secretary of Defense, the Secretary of ercised in consultation with the Secretary Commerce, the United States Trade of Defense, the Secretary of Commerce, the Representative, the Director of the United Director of the United States Arms Control States Arms Control and Disarmament and Disarmament Agency, the United Agency States Trade Representative (with respect Subject: Delegation of Authority with to the functions described in section 303), Respect to Reports Concerning China and other appropriate departments and Weapons Proliferation, Human Rights, and agencies. Trade Practices The functions delegated herein may be redelegated as appropriate. By virtue of the authority vested in me The Secretary of State is authorized and by the Constitution and laws of the United directed to publish this memorandum in the States of America, including section 301 of Federal Register. title 3 of the United States Code, I hereby delegate to the Secretary of State the func- GEORGE BUSH tions vested in me by section 303 and section 324 of the Foreign Relations Authoriza- [Filed with the Office of the Federal Reg- tion Act, Fiscal Years 1992 and 1993 (Public ister, 3:42 p.m., May 26, 1992]

Letter of Condolence to Lawrence Welk, Jr. May 19, 1992

Dear Larry, Please convey our deepest sympathy and Barbara and I send to you and all your special prayers to all in your family. family our most sincere condolences. Your Sincerely, great and admired Dad set a wonderful, wholesome example for this Country. His GEORGE BUSH personal story inspired us all and his music had broad appeal. Lawrence Welk was truly Note: This letter follows the text as released a great American. by the Office of the Press Secretary.

Nomination of William Arthur Rugh To Be United States Ambassador to the United Arab Emirates May 19, 1992

The President today announced his inten- Since 1989, Ambassador Rugh has served tion to nominate William Arthur Rugh, of as Director of the Near East and South Asia Maryland, a career member of the Senior Bureau at the U.S. Information Agency. Prior Foreign Service, class of Career Minister, to this he served as Ambassador to the Yemen to be Ambassador to the United Arab Emir- Arab Republic, 1984–87, and as Deputy ates. He would succeed Edward S. Walker, Chief of Mission in Damascus, Syria, 1981– Jr. 84. He also served in a number of

798 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / May 20 other positions in Cairo, Jidda, and Riyadh. bia University (Ph.D., 1964). He was born Ambassador Rugh graduated from May 10, 1936, in New York, NY. Ambas- Oberlin College (B.A., 1958); Johns Hop- sador Rugh is married, has three children, kins University School of Advanced Inter- and resides in Maryland. national Studies (M.A., 1961); and Colum-

The President’s News Conference With Prime Minister Brian Mulroney of Canada May 20, 1992

The President. I’m just delighted to have United States of America. had this visit with Prime Minister Mulroney So, welcome back, sir. of Canada, welcoming him back to the The Prime Minister. Thank you, Mr. White House. President. I think we covered an awful lot of ground As the President said, we had a very far- in a short time. And just a couple of obser- reaching discussion on a lot of subjects. I’d vations: I know that many are focusing on be happy to take whatever questions are ap- our trade issues, in particular on trade dis- propriate. putes. Well, that’s natural. We’ve got this But I tried to focus on what our priority enormous, this immense trade that goes on problem is at this point in time, and it’s between our two countries. And our bilat- trade. And for some time, Canadians have eral trade has increased by $30 billion since been troubled and angered by the attitude the inception of the Free Trade Agreement adopted by some people in Washington on in 1989 and now stands at a volume of near- major trade issues. Rather than move quickly $200 billion. I believe that this trade is ly to resolve or prevent irritants, the tend- of enormous benefit to the two economies ency was to retaliate against Canadian prod- and demonstrates vividly the value of that ucts by threatening to impose demonstrably Free Trade Agreement. And because of the unfair penalties on Canadian imports. These large trade between the U.S. and Canada, actions create uncertainty for investors and there are bound to be some bumps in the exporters and undermine the fundamental road. intent of the Free Trade Agreement. We have existing mechanisms for dispute The President has called me a number settlement. We are using them, including of times over the last few weeks, conscious the FTA itself. And as a consequence, I of some of these difficulties that have arisen can report that we’re making progress in in a very complex and important trading re- overcoming some of our recent problems. lationship. We agreed at this meeting today I told the Prime Minister, who forcefully to follow up on it. So we had a very con- presented Canada’s case, that I would work structive review of these issues. with our administration to see that these We both intend to raise the level of com- disputes receive proper high-level consider- mitment to resolve and to reduce disputes, ation before they go to some form of action. to give a higher level of attention in order I think this will help. But in any event, we to manage the relationship and these issues. discussed frankly the problems. The President and I are going to work per- We also talked about a wide range of sonally to that end. We both recognize that international issues, including the coming healthy trade between us is vital to recovery. summit, including the G–7. So we had a We are the United States’ best customer by very good conversation. And in the Bush far, and the United States is ours. We can view, our administration view, this relation- help each other in terms of economic recov- ship between Canada and the United States ery by reducing the temperature and getting is very, very important to the people of the rid of a lot of these irritants, rather

799 May 20 / Administration of George Bush, 1992 than allow them to fester and grow to im- els to see that some of those disputes can portant status. be avoided. Some may not. Some may have For example, Canada’s merchandise trade to go to arbitration or to be adjudicated surplus was $3.1 billion in the first quarter, in legal manners. But I think we can do as announced this morning, the largest sur- a better job of trying to avoid disputes. And plus since the second quarter of 1990, and that’s what the spirit of these conversations for the first quarter, Canada’s exports to the were all about. United States are up 8.8 percent from last Q. Is the trade agreement jeopardized by year. As the President has pointed out, even this dispute? in a difficult recessionary period, the growth The President. No. From our standpoint, in trade between Canada and the United we’ve got this agreement. I’ve cited for you States is up very impressively. That means the figures of advanced trade as taken place jobs in the United States and jobs in Can- under the agreement. But what we’ve got ada, and we have to keep that going. to iron out are the differences, and they It was a very instructive and helpful meet- are overwhelmed by the common ground. ing, and I thank the President and his advis- If you’re referring to the NAFTA, I don’t ers and counselors and Cabinet ministers believe so. I think we just had a report on for that. our side from our very able Ambassador, Canada-U.S. Trade Carla Hills, who filled us in, and I detected no pessimism at all from her. Q. Who are these mysterious ‘‘some peo- The Prime Minister. Helen [Helen Thom- ple’’? Are you suggesting that the President as, United Press International], from our himself may not know who in his adminis- point of view on that, we were very encour- tration, in your view, is discriminating aged by the undertaking given today by the against Canadian trade? President to elevate the degree of attention The Prime Minister. I’ve already indi- that this trading relationship will receive in cated, and you know full well, that a lot Washington by the administration. Often- of the action is initiated by industry, by in- times things get out of hand, but they tend terest groups, by lobbying interests in isola- to get less out of hand if the President is tion from some of the fundamental objec- keeping an eye on it himself. That’s what tives of the Free Trade Agreement. And the President is going to work through his in some cases, as dispute mechanisms have administration to make sure that they don’t pointed out, they may or may not have va- grow into the problems that they’ve be- lidity. Sometimes the United States wins; come. sometimes we win. Q. What about Murphy Brown? What concerns me is not that. That’s normal. What concerns me are demonstrably [At this point, a question was asked in unfair matters being initiated and allowed French and answered by the Prime Minister to grow and fester when they should have in French.] been dismissed because the object of the Q. Do you think Murphy Brown is a bad Free Trade Agreement was to make it a role model, sir? model for the rest of the world or certainly a model for this hemisphere. And anything that vitiates that undermines the effective- North American Free Trade Agreement ness of what is a very valid and helpful in- Q. Mr. President, will you be personally strument for both of us. That’s what I was involved in the North American free trade talking about. agreement negotiations and talk to the Q. Mr. President, do you agree that we Prime Minister about any barriers to com- have not been fair? pleting those talks? The President. I agree that when you have The President. Oh, sure. But I’m not a trading situation that’s as broad and as going to be the negotiator. We’ve got a very big as we have, there are bound to be some able, experienced team that knows far more disputes. What we’ve agreed today is to be about the detail than I know, and they sure that we engage early on at proper lev- have my full confidence. But I have

800 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / May 20 such a relationship with the President of Murphy Brown question. Mexico and the Prime Minister of Canada Q. Maybe. that they feel free to call me on these mat- The President. This is the last Murphy ters, and I feel free to call them. If we Brown answer, put it that way. [Laughter] are needed to finalize these agreements, No, I believe that children should have clearly, all of us want to be involved, all the benefit of being born into families three of us. where the mother and a father will give them love and care and attention all their Canada-U.S. Trade lives. I spoke on this family point in Notre Q. Prime Minister, do you feel you’ve re- Dame the other day. I’ve talked to Barbara ceived the kind of assurances that will allow about it a lot, and we both feel strongly you to tell Canadians they will no longer that that is the best environment in which be subject to the kind of action you yourself to raise kids. It’s not always possible, but described as harassment? that’s the best environment. I think it re- The Prime Minister. Well, we’ll have to sults in giving a kid the best shot at the see. But I also mentioned at that time, as American dream, incidentally. It’s a certain you’ll remember, that I was satisfied that discipline, a certain affection. One of the President Bush was a free trader and a fair things that concerns me deeply is the fact trader. I’ve consistently mentioned that. I that there are an awful lot of broken fami- believe that the kinds of harassment that lies. So that’s really the kind of guidance we’ve seen must stop. I think that the Presi- I would place on that. I’m not going to get dent understands that. He understands my into the details of a very popular television concerns and has indicated that at the high- show. est level he plans to work with Secretary Q. You’re contradicting your Press Sec- Baker and Carla and Brent and others to retary. make sure that this is conducted in such Urban Aid Initiatives a way that it is brought to a halt, not to preclude valid cases from coming forward Q. Mr. President, the Senate has almost on both sides, not to prevent that but to doubled the amount of emergency funds in make sure that things that ought not to go the supplemental for American cities. Is forward, don’t. that acceptable to you? The President. Which was it? ‘‘Murphy Brown’’ Television Show Q. The Senate has virtually doubled the Q. Let’s get it over with, sir—Murphy amount of money in the emergency supple- Brown. [Laughter] mental for Los Angeles and other cities. Is Q. ——Vice President Quayle’s criticism that acceptable to you? And also, sir, have of Murphy Brown, and also his statement you ruled out anything in terms of financing that a lack of family values led to the L.A. the programs that you’re talking about, par- riots? ticularly taxes? The President. Everybody give me a Mur- The President. We will be meeting this phy Brown question. I’ve got one answer afternoon. I’ve appointed the Chief of Staff, right here for you. [Laughter] What’s your who is already engaged with the leadership. Murphy Brown question? I believe the meeting is going to be this Q. What’s your answer? afternoon with the leadership. I’m not fa- The President. What’s the question? miliar with what the Senate has done. There You’re getting four different questions. was one version of the bill that is unaccept- Q. Do you agree that she’s not a good able to us. role model? But here’s my view on what we ought Q. Can a TV sitcom really influence a to do: There are some things that we agree legitimate—— on with Congress, have nothing to do with The President. All right, are you ready for how you pay for it, but there are some the answer? things that are well within the budget agree- Q. Yes. ment that can be done and where both The President. All right, this is the last Congress and the executive branch has

801 May 20 / Administration of George Bush, 1992 shown an interest. It is my view that we to portray an unwed mother in that show? ought to focus on those. ‘‘Weed and Seed’’ The President. I told you. You must have is one; enterprise zones is another. My pitch missed what I said, Pat [Patrick McGrath, to the leaders is, look, you’ve got your prior- Fox News]. I said I’ve just taken the last ities over here, and we’ve got ours. But let’s Murphy Brown question and tried to put do something that will help the people not it in a serious context that I hope the Amer- just in Los Angeles but people that need ican people can understand. That’s it. jobs in the inner cities. Next for the Prime Minister here. We I’m still feeling that we have an oppor- want fairplay here. tunity to get it done that way. I can’t com- [At this point, a question was asked in ment on the Senate bill, except to say the French and answered by the Prime Minister one I saw yesterday, Kennedy-Hatch, is not in French.] acceptable to the administration, and we made that clear to the leaders. But let’s get President’s Approval Rating the common ground and try to do some- Q. Sir, I was just wondering, based on thing to help people. Then we can have your own experience, have you been able the debate and the votes and the to give the President any personal advice countervotes as to whose plan, Senate plan, on how to handle this plummet in the polls House plan, administration plan. I still think that he’s experienced recently? we can get it done that way. The Prime Minister. Jim [Jim Q. What about taxes, sir? Have you ruled Miklaszewski, NBC News], I remember a out taxes? time when President Reagan was here. And Thailand there was a front-page story in the New Q. Can you comment, please, on the situ- York Times in August of 1987 that said, ation in Thailand? Some people are compar- ‘‘President Reagan’s popularity has just ing this to Tiananmen Square. As far as I plummeted to 59 percent.’’ Right then I know you haven’t mentioned it yet. What knew the difference between Canada and is—— the United States; it’s language. The word The President. Well, we’re very concerned ‘‘plummet’’ does not mean the same in Can- about the instability in Thailand, very con- ada as it does in the United States. So from cerned about the violence that we’ve seen where I’m sitting in the polls, I’m seeking there, and we’ve made this position known advice, not giving any. [Laughter] to the Thais. In fact, our Ambassador had Family Values a meeting just yesterday with the Prime Minister on this. So let’s hope that it calms Q. Mr. President, do you agree with the down there. Vice President that a lack of family values Q. [Inaudible]—says that you are person- helped lead to these riots in Los Angeles? ally involved in helping to get loan guaran- And do you think the California welfare re- tees for the—[inaudible]. Were you, sir? forms could ameliorate this? And were you at the time aware of—— The President. I think we’d have a much The Prime Minister. I’ll be happy to take more stable environment everywhere in our these domestic questions at—— country if we had more families, put it this Q. Murphy Brown was more important, way, if the kids had the advantages of two- sir? parent households. It’s not always easy. It’s The Prime Minister. I didn’t take Murphy not always possible. But I really believe that Brown. Let me ask a question: Who is Mur- is stabilizing. I think the decline in the fam- phy Brown? [Laughter] ily as this country’s known it over the years I’ll be happy to answer it later, Joe [Joe is a discouraging factor, and I think it offers Schlesinger, Canadian Broadcasting Cor- kids much less hope. I believe that if we poration]. had more stable families with a loving mother and father, and fathers taking their re- ‘‘Murphy Brown’’ Television Show sponsibility more seriously, that it would Q. Was it a mistake for Murphy Brown add to stability in the community, yes.

802 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / May 20

Abortion will help to reduce the shortage of lumber Q. Mr. President, the heart of the ques- and to keep prices down? tion seems to be whether or not there The President. I think one thing it will should be an abortion if you don’t have a do is see that fewer people are thrown out father. Can you specifically address—— of work. And that I think is very important The President. No, my position on abor- to many, many thousands of families in the tion is well-known. Northwest. And what effect that particular Q. But the two are in conflict here be- decision is going to have overall on price, cause the producer of the show says, ‘‘Well, I just can’t say. Whether it increases supply then, you should ensure the right to abor- enough that the price will go down or not, tion.’’ Can you specifically address the main I just don’t—I haven’t seen an economic question? analysis of that particular decision. The President. I’m not going to get—I Q. Mr. President, what is your—— don’t know that much about the show. I’ve The President. We need—it’s his turn, the told you, I don’t want to answer any more Prime Minister’s turn. questions about it. I just tried to put it in The Prime Minister. Okay, Hilary [Hilary terms of—John [John Cochran, CBS News] MacKenzie, MacLean’s Magazine] was asking about my view on stability of Canada-U.S. Trade the family, I think. But I just can’t go into Q. Prime Minister, behind the trade dis- the details. pute, is there a fundamental problem that Q. In this case, she chose to have a child Americans don’t understand Canadian sen- and chose not to have an abortion. Do you sitivities on the trade issues? applaud that? The Prime Minister. No, I don’t think The President. Well, as you know, I don’t that. I think the answer is the one that the favor abortion. And I think that opting for President and I have referred to, that what life is the better path. Q. Mr. President—— it needs is an upgrading within the adminis- The President. Prime Minister, got one tration. In regard to the care and concern for him? of—look, this is the most important trading partnership. A lot of Americans think their Canada-U.S. Trade best trading partner is Japan. Wrong. Others Q. Any progress this morning on softwood think it’s Europe. Wrong again. It’s Canada. lumber? And the beauty of the trading relationship The Prime Minister. I indicated to the with Canada, unlike many others that the President that while we were encouraged United States has, is that this $200 billion by the reduction from 14.5 to 6.51, we still a year at the end of the year is in rough feel that this is a very unfair penalty on balance. The Americans are not carrying a softwood exports from Canada that really big deficit to speak of in their trade with do a lot of good for the United States. In Canada. This kind of very valuable relation- fact, all that penalty is doing at the border ship has to be nurtured and looked after is adding $1,000 or $2,000 to the cost of and admired for what it is. Otherwise, it an average house in the United States, could go the wrong way. which is why the Governors in the Pacific So it has nothing to do with Canadian Northwest are opposed to it. So what we’re sensitivities. It has a lot to do with upgrad- going to do is take this, under the Free ing this on the American side so that the Trade Agreement, under chapter 19, for American administration and people under- resolution under the dispute settlement stand the importance of them not only to mechanism. I believe that Canada has a us but to them, and to use this as a model strong case and hopefully will win. for trading agreements elsewhere in the world. I think it could be mutually bene- Spotted Owl Habitat Protection ficial. Q. President Bush, on the domestic side The President. Marlin has signaled that of the lumber supply issue, do you think we have time for one question each, if that’s that Secretary Lujan’s alternative owl plan agreeable, Mr. Prime Minister.

803 May 20 / Administration of George Bush, 1992

Q. Mr. President, are you worried about there are recent cases there, the Prime Ross Perot? Minister says, ‘‘Well, let’s see whether we Q. Mr. President. can you tell me if you can’t resolve that.’’ Sometimes they have believe that Canada has been harassed by difficulties in Canada. They have provincial decisions on trade cases brought by senior governments; they have central government, advisers, including the man who is now your and we try to be understanding of that. deputy campaign manager? So I don’t want to be standing here next The President. I believe that we ought to to a good friend of the United States of look at the whole picture. And I believe America and a good free trader in some that that enormous trading relationship has contentious mode. The meeting, albeit been marred by a very few number of dis- Brian Mulroney presents his case very putes. And I can understand it when people forcefully—but I would simply say the feel very strongly on a deal, whether it’s meeting, as far as I’m concerned, some of lumber or whether it’s autos or whatever it is let’s find ways to avoid the disputes else it is that’s contentious. I’m inclined to before they get to the point where one side look at the whole picture and see it rel- or another feels harassment. atively free of dispute. The Prime Minister. David [David Halton, But when there is a dispute, I can under- Canadian Broadcasting Corporation], final stand the passions being very high. We’ve question. got to try to avoid the disputes before they Q. Was there any discussion, sir, of the take place, and when they do take place, argument being made by some U.S. Sen- each side has every right to take it to adju- ators that softwood lumber shouldn’t even dication. be allowed to go to a panel because it’s So I’m not going to try to characterize exempted under the original FTA ruling? it, but when the Prime Minister feels The Prime Minister. No, we didn’t get strongly about something like that and tells into the details of it, David, beyond what me of his strong feeling, clearly I want to the President and I have indicated. But do what I can, working with our bureauc- given the fact that we think that 6.51 is racy, see that any feeling of harassment is still unacceptable, we’re going to take it to eliminated. We’ll work to eliminate these, a chapter 19. And as I say, on behalf of get rid of the disputes before they happen. the softwood industry in Canada, we think But then, if they have to happen because we’ve got a strong case and a good case, we have diverse interests, we’ll try to peace- and that’s what the dispute settlement fully and harmoniously settle them. mechanism is for. And we think that we So that’s the way—I can understand the can carry it successfully. passions on issues on both sides of the bor- Thank you very much. der. But I believe that we can, with this The President. Thank you all very much. spirit that the Prime Minister has outlined Thank you, Helen. It’s a wonderful meeting. here, minimize the chance for future dis- Thank you. putes arising, and that’s what I think is coming out of this meeting. Note: The President’s 128th news conference So when he presents me with strong feel- began at 1:34 p.m. on the South Lawn at ing, the view of Canada on some very con- the White House. Several questions referred tentious issue, I don’t take offense; I say, to remarks by the Vice President concerning ‘‘Hey, let’s try to work it out.’’ And similarly, the CBS television comedy series ‘‘Murphy I expect that when we go forward with Brown,’’ in which the title character, who something we feel very strongly about, and was divorced, had a baby.

804 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / May 20

Statement on the 90th Anniversary of Cuban Independence May 20, 1992

I would like to mark this day, the 90th to a failed past. His determination to keep anniversary of Cuban independence, by Cuba an antidemocratic Communist state sharing my vision for a free and democratic dooms the Cuban people to a predeter- Cuba. Just as the struggle for Cuban inde- mined fate. He tells them that their only pendence was hard fought, so too is the choice is between ‘‘socialism or death.’’ And struggle of the Cuban people today to gain he dismisses the basic rights of people, the their freedom. The Castro dictatorship can- rights to free speech and free association, not and will not survive the wave of democ- as the ‘‘garbage’’ of democracy. racy that has swept over the world, and I I reject Castro’s vision of doom as I be- believe the Cuban people are closer than lieve the Cuban people do. I see Cuba’s ever to winning that freedom. On this future as one of hope and expectation. I Cuban Independence Day, I want to reit- believe that Cubans will enjoy a peaceful erate my firm solidarity with the Cuban and democratic future, one in which they people as they strive to bring peaceful, will be able to elect the leaders of their democratic change to their country. choice. My vision is one in which Cubans Independence Day is the occasion to pay have open access to the newspapers, tele- homage to the great heroes and freedom vision, and radio; will be able to travel and fighters of the past. But as we honor them, study wherever they like; and will find jobs I also want to salute all those in Cuba who in a prosperous Cuba, resulting in better are placing themselves at personal risk by lives for their children and their grand- calling for peaceful change. We particularly children. want to express our admiration for the ever- growing number of Cuban men and women And I want the Cuban people to know who are courageously speaking out against that my administration and the American Castro’s abuses of human rights and his de- people will be prepared to help in a transi- nial of the Cuban people’s most basic civil tion to a stable and free Cuba. Our elected liberties. officials, our businessmen, many of our ordi- We are working hard to ensure that those nary citizens, and especially the members Cubans striving for human rights and civil of our hard working and prosperous Cuban- freedoms have the broadest possible inter- American community are willing and able national recognition and support. I am to help rebuild Cuba by lending their know- pleased that the United Nations will be how to repair the shattered Cuban econ- naming a special rapporteur to investigate omy. and report on the human rights situation So on this historic occasion, I look for- in Cuba. We will continue to help get the ward to a new day of Cuban independence truth to the Cuban people through a free when decisions about their future are made flow of information. Today, I reaffirm my through free and fair elections that reflect commitment to oppose Castro at every turn tolerance and respect for the views of each and not to pursue normal relations until his individual. This will be the foundation for dictatorship is done. building a new and better Cuba, a free Castro’s vision of the future is to cling Cuba.

805 May 20 / Administration of George Bush, 1992

Message to the Congress Reporting on the National Emergency With Respect to Chemical and Biological Weapons Proliferation May 20, 1992

To the Congress of the United States: firmed that they had implemented or were On November 16, 1990, in light of the implementing export controls on all 50 iden- dangers of the proliferation of chemical and tified chemical weapons precursors. Almost biological weapons, I issued Executive all Australia Group members agreed at the Order No. 12735 and declared a national meeting to impose controls on a common emergency under the International Emer- list of dual-use chemical equipment. In the gency Economic Powers Act (50 U.S.C. first major Australia Group involvement in 1701, et seq.). biological weapons nonproliferation, the The proliferation of chemical and biologi- December meeting also produced a draft cal weapons continues to pose an unusual list of biological organisms, toxins, and and extraordinary threat to the national se- equipment to consider for export controls. curity and foreign policy of the United This list was further refined by an Australia States. Group experts’ meeting in March 1992, the Section 204 of the International Emer- first intersessional meeting held by the Aus- gency Economic Powers Act and section tralia Group, and will be considered for 401(c) of the National Emergencies Act adoption by the June 1992 Australia Group contain periodic reporting requirements re- plenary. garding activities taken and money spent Encouraging progress can also be re- pursuant to an emergency declaration. The ported in the steps taken by countries out- following report is made pursuant to these side the Australia Group, including several provisions. Eastern European countries and Argentina, The three export control regulations to establish effective chemical and biological issued under the Enhanced Proliferation export controls comparable to those ob- Control Initiative are fully in force and have served by Australia Group members. been used to control the export of items Finally, the March 31, 1992, report re- with potential use in chemical or biological garding expenditures under the declaration weapons or their delivery systems. of a national emergency to deal with the Over the last 6 months, the United States lapse of the Export Administration Act in has continued to address actively the prob- Executive Order No. 12730 also includes lem of the proliferation and use of chemical measures related to the Enhanced Prolifera- and biological weapons in its international tion Control Initiative. Pursuant to section diplomatic efforts. 401(c) of the National Emergencies Act, The membership of the Australia Group there were no additional expenses directly of countries cooperating against chemical attributable to the exercise of authorities and biological weapons proliferation grew conferred by the declaration of the national from 20 to 22 members when Finland and emergency. Sweden were welcomed into the Group in GEORGE BUSH December 1991. At the same December 1991 Australia The White House, Group meeting, all member countries con- May 20, 1992.

806 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / May 21

Presidential Determination No. 92–26—Memorandum on Trade With Albania May 20, 1992

Memorandum for the Secretary of State tion 402. Subject: Determination Under Section You are authorized and directed to pub- 402(c)(2)(A) of the Trade Act of 1974, as lish this determination in the Federal Reg- Amended—Albania ister. Pursuant to section 402(c)(2)(A) of the GEORGE BUSH Trade Act of 1974, as amended (the ‘‘Act’’) (19 U.S.C. 2432(c)(2)(A)), I determine that [Filed with the Office of the Federal Reg- a waiver by Executive order of the applica- ister, 2:45 p.m., October 26, 1992] tion of subsections (a) and (b) of section 402 of the Act with respect to Albania will Note: The Executive order of June 3 is listed substantially promote the objectives of sec- in Appendix E at the end of this volume.

Message to the Congress on Trade With Albania May 20, 1992

To the Congress of the United States: quired by section 402(c)(2). Pursuant to section 402(c)(2)(A) of the Pursuant to section 402(c)(2), I shall Trade Act of 1974, as amended (the ‘‘Act’’) waive by Executive order the application of (19 U.S.C. 2432(c)(2)(A)), I have deter- subsections (a) and (b) of section 402 of mined that a waiver of the application of the Act with respect to Albania. subsections (a) and (b) of section 402 with respect to Albania will substantially promote GEORGE BUSH the objectives of section 402. A copy of that The White House, determination is enclosed. I have also re- May 20, 1992. ceived assurances with respect to the emigration practices of Albania required by section 402(c)(2)(B) of the Act. This message Note: The Executive order of June 3 is listed constitutes the report to the Congress rein Appendix E at the end of this volume.

Nomination of James E. Gilleran To Be Comptroller of the Currency May 21, 1992

The President today announced his inten- ing Department in San Francisco, CA. Prior tion to nominate James E. Gilleran, of Cali- to this, he served as president of the Com- fornia, to be Comptroller of the Currency, monwealth Group, 1987–89; managing part- Department of the Treasury, for a term of ner with Peat Marwick in San Francisco, 5 years. He would succeed Robert Logan CA, 1969–87; and as partner-in-charge of Clarke. the banking industry group of Peat Marwick Since 1989, Mr. Gilleran has served as in Los Angeles, CA, 1958–69. superintendent of the California State Bank- Mr. Gilleran graduated from Pace Univer-

807 May 21 / Administration of George Bush, 1992 sity (B.B.A., 1955). He was born May 1, has two children, and resides in San Fran- 1933, in Ellenville, NY. Mr. Gilleran served cisco, CA. in the U.S. Army, 1955–57. He is married,

Remarks at a Bush-Quayle Fundraising Luncheon in Cleveland, Ohio May 21, 1992

Thank you all. Please be seated, and who just were ornaments. Some didn’t hit thanks for that welcome. George Voinovich a lick. And Bob Bennett is an outstanding, gave our administration a lot of credit for active, hands-on chairman of the Repub- these things that he clicked off today, and lican Party in this State; and that’s why I he talked about the blast furnace. You believe we will get control of the State should have seen the letter that he sent to House of Representatives. And may I, too, me, blasting us to get the blast furnace thank Stan Aronoff and Martha Moore and going. [Laughter] He’s a hands-on Gov- single out Bobby Holt, our national finance ernor, just as he was a hands-on Mayor of chairman, and Dick Freeland, our regional this great city. And he is one of our very, Bush-Quayle finance chairman. very best across the whole country, and you I am very, very pleased to be here. I will all are awful lucky, in case you didn’t know be out of here in time for you all to go it. And that goes for Janet, too. back to work, suit up, and then watch the I, too, want to thank the Fairview High Cavs and the Bulls play at 8 p.m. tonight. School Band and Virgil Brown; Jim Petro So my priorities are correct. for leading us in the pledge. May I single Let me start by saying I think we have out one who is with me today that some an awful lot to be grateful for as a Nation. of you know personally, but who is doing These are troubled times, times of dis- a superb job fighting now to get some legis- content. It isn’t just America, if you look lation that he and I believe in, legislation around the world, incidentally. Take a look that’s been lingering before the Congress at Germany. Take a look at France. Take for 3 years, through the Congress. I’m talking about our able Secretary of HUD, Jack a look at what was happening in England Kemp, over here, Jack. before their election. There seems to be a And may I wish Mike DeWine the very, turmoil, an antipolitical mode. very best. We need him in the Senate. But I think as George pointed out, we We’ve got to get control of the United have a lot to be grateful for. We have ef- States Senate. And also, Art Modell, thank fected, helped effect, worldwide change. you, sir. I’ll never forget a marvelous event Democracy is on the move. There’s turmoil out at Art’s house when I was running for in Eastern Europe, but it’s moving in the this job, and he’s been a good supporter right direction. Totalitarianism is dead. and an outstanding citizen of Cleveland. South of our own border you’re seeing, And of course, Tim Timken has been at through our Enterprise for the Americas my side for a long, long time, and I’m very Initiative and through the Brady plan, proud of the job he does on the national you’re seeing a whole resurgence of private level as well as working for the Bush-Quayle sector activity and the democratic march in effort here in this State. Bob Taft is with our own hemisphere. us, the secretary of state, another longtime The main point I would make is that our friend, also doing a superb job for all of kids can go to sleep at night in this country you. with far less fear of nuclear war. That is Bob Bennett, when I think back to my significant change. That is worldwide days of being national chairman, chairman change. And we had a hand in bringing it of the Republican Party, there were some about, everybody that supported the strong

808 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / May 21 defense of the United States. elements. So as we move into this election year, The next point, though, is not just we’re moving in there with something we ‘‘weed,’’ it’s not just law enforcement, law can really be proud of to take to the Amer- and order; it is also seeding the area with ican people. The spirit of Desert Storm is hope and with opportunity. This program not dead in this country. The country came we have, antidrug, profamily, together after we were the ones that stood proinvestment, is a good one. So we start up to aggression, formed a coalition, and with our first incentive: Fund our ‘‘Weed said to the rest of the world: One country, and Seed’’ program. The second one: We’ve a big bully of a country, is not going to got to rebuild community. And again, I sa- take over another. And that has given us lute Jack Kemp. He’s been out on the firing the standing around the world that I think line for this for the 3 years that our adminis- is unprecedented, certainly in recent times. tration has been in office. Now, what we’re trying to do domestically Enterprise zones: There is an idea whose is to take that move for change and bring time has come. And every place Jack and it to bear on our problems right here at I went in the neighborhood, whether it was home. It’s been put in focus by the troubles Hispanic, whether it was the Korean neigh- out in Los Angeles. We have a program borhood, whether it was in the largely Afro- that ties in and fits nicely to solving the American neighborhoods, those community problems in not only Los Angeles but the leaders were saying, ‘‘Give us enterprise problems that are plaguing our cities. And indeed, many of the answers spill over into zones. Change the tax structure so that this rural America as well. What I wanted to place can serve as a magnet to bring jobs do is just point out where we stand in terms with dignity into the private sector.’’ That of trying to change things productively here idea is here now; it’s on the table right this at home. minute in the Congress. And the Congress The first thing I would say is we have ought to pass it, and pass it fast. to support our law enforcement people. We And along with it is another concept: do; our administration does it in many, Homeownership. Isn’t it far better, isn’t it many ways. We have a program now that far better for the dignity and strength of is called ‘‘Weed and Seed’’: Weed out the a family to have a person own a home or criminals, and then seed these neighbor- have a tenant-managed project than it is to hoods with hope and with opportunity. But go to some desolate brick-and-mortar that we must not move away and try to explain has no heart, no soul, and falls apart be- away the gang members and the terrorists cause nobody cares? Homeownership is an in our cities. idea whose time has come. And we’ve chal- I was pleased to see some of Cleveland’s lenged the Congress again: Get moving and finest out here, police officers, because I give us more to take to the American people like to be able to tell these men who are in terms of homeownership. That’s the third giving themselves for all of us that we back one. them up as they go into harm’s way, trying The fourth one: Welfare reform. Some to bring order and civility to the neighbor- say, ‘‘Well, when you talk about welfare re- hoods that need it the most. We must sup- form, you’re injecting race into the situa- port our police. You know, I made that tion.’’ That isn’t what we’re talking about comment in the Mount Zion Baptist Church at all. Did you know that if a family—I saw right in the heart of south central L.A. And a case the other day of a little girl, saved I felt strongly about it, and I was flanked a little money in a welfare family, got past by 200 pastors from the various Baptist $1,000, and she was penalized. ‘‘Oh, you churches, the area’s churches that were in can’t. Your family is on welfare. You can’t the most heavily impacted area. The church do that.’’ We’ve got to reform the welfare came out in spontaneous applause. The peo- system, not only to make it so there’s ple in the neighborhood know that they are workfare and learnfare and give the States the ones that are being ravaged by the a chance to innovate but to change the rules gangs and the criminals and the criminal so people are not punished for saving. It’s

809 May 21 / Administration of George Bush, 1992 not a racist thing. It isn’t a black versus These are some specific points that we’re white or Hispanic versus anybody else; it’s working for, and right now I’ve challenged what’s fair and right. We’ve got to give some the Congress in this manner. I’ve said to dignity to the family. And the way to do them: Look, I know we have political dif- it is to reform the welfare system, and we’re ferences. I’m a realist about the election, going to keep on trying. and I know that the closer and closer we Number four: Job training. We’ve got a get to the election, it isn’t going to be easy. good new job training approach. Frankly, You’re not going to want to see me get one there’s an awful lot of Government Agencies leg up. And I’m going to continue to fight involved in servicing communities, as for the things we believe. But let’s take the George Voinovich knows. He’s working hard things we agree on now. Homeownership to help us streamline this. But we have a is one; enterprise zones is one. In fact, that Job Training 2000 program that calls for passed the United States House of Rep- one-stop shopping, so a person that doesn’t resentatives, wrapped up in a great big tax quite know how to filter his way around increase bill that, of course, I wasn’t going through all this big bureaucracy of ours can to sign. But nevertheless, we have several go and take his tiny little problem to the of these programs that will help America one-stop office and try to get some job right now. training that really is effective. And Job Rather than play the political game—I’ve Training 2000 is a good, new program, and had two meetings with the leadership, both I believe that it needs to have the support Republican and Democrat, and I said, look, of the American people. And we are going let’s agree on several of these points and to keep working not only legislatively but pass it and show the American people that administratively to bring more jobs and op- we can move forward instead of standing portunity through job training to the various around there playing politics as usual. I will communities. repeat that: Let’s pass what we can, and Then, the last point of these six is the pass it now. question of education. It’s a little longer Now if you think of these points I have run. Our education program won’t solve the outlined, there are themes to all this: Per- problems of the cities overnight. But if you sonal responsibility, opportunity, ownership, take a look at what we really have to do independence, dignity, empowerment. And in this country, we literally have to revolu- that all adds up to the American dream. tionize education. And we’ve got a great And we are not going to give up on the Secretary of Education in Lamar Alexander. American dream, and we recognize that He’s ably assisted by a former businessman there’s—overlying these issues are enor- that many of the people in this room know, mously big issues. And one of them is we’ve David Kearns. He was the former chief ex- got to stop mortgaging our kids’ future. ecutive of Xerox, who gave up his wonderful And the way to go about doing that— business challenge and perhaps retirement and there’s another idea whose time has to come in as the number two guy in the come—finally we are getting bipartisan con- Department of Education. sideration of the balanced budget amend- What we’ve done is design a program ment, something I’ve been talking about for called America 2000. It literally revolution- 12 years. And it’s time to pass it. We’ve izes the education system in this country. got to phase it in, but pass it. And that It emphasizes things like choice. We find will discipline not just the Congress but the that when parents have a choice of where executive branch as well. And it’s really their kids go to school, not only do they moving now. So if you have any influence get a much better shot at what they want, at all on either side of the aisle, make your but the schools that are not chosen improve case. Because it’s timely, and it’s an idea themselves. So our administration stands whose time has come. firmly for parental choice, for private and And the other one which I consider a public and religious schools alike. And we great big issue that fits into the idea of fiscal ought to get that done right now for the sanity is this: Forty-three Governors can American people. take a pen, and they can ax out something

810 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / May 21 that they consider is irrelevant in terms of out above. Because each one of them, in spending or excessive in terms of spending. some way or another, strengthens and does So I say and ask for support from the Amer- not diminish the American family. ican people on this one: You give me the I feel very strongly about it. I know that line-item veto this fall, and let’s see if we there are those who are deprived, who are can’t do a better job cutting the spending born into almost hopeless situations. But that is ruining America’s fiscal standing. there are all kinds of ways that we can help. And the third issue of that nature, a bal- You can lift up the kid that starts off with anced budget amendment, line-item veto, a tremendous advantage through what we is legal reform. We’ve got to help each call Points of Light activities. You can look other more and sue each other less. And at every single piece of legislation to see the way to do it is for tort reform. that it doesn’t encourage husband and wife And the last point I want to make today to live apart. You can do what you can in has nothing to do with ‘‘Murphy Brown.’’ the whole field of education. [Laughter] But it does have to do with But all of us as Americans must address something that George Voinovich men- ourselves to the idea that we must find ways tioned. I’m talking about family values. And to strengthen the American families. Be- I’m going to continue to talk about that. cause Barbara Bush is right: What happens I’ve talked with Jack about this, Jack in your house is much more important than Kemp. And I had a meeting with the Na- what happens in the White House. tional League of Cities—I mentioned this So here’s our agenda. I think it’s a good in the State of the Union—key mayors, Tom one. I think it is an optimistic one. I think Bradley of Los Angeles, a Republican mayor it is an encouraging one. And I will be from a tiny town in North Carolina, and proud to be taking this case to the American all size city mayors from in between, one people in the fall. But as I conclude today, from Plano, Texas. And they came to me, my appeal to the American people would and they said, ‘‘We’ve been thinking what be, please, help us now with the United we can do about the cities. And we think States Congress, and move this hope and that the single most important problem is opportunity agenda through the United the demise, the dissolution, the decline of States Congress. We need your help. We the American family.’’ And I just can’t tell need the help of the people. And now is you what an impact that made on me. They the time. weren’t saying, ‘‘Send us all this money.’’ Thank you all, and God bless you. And Of course they’d like to have that. But they thank you for your support. addressed themselves to the decline of the American family, and they asked me to appoint an urban commission, a commission Note: The President spoke at 12:25 p.m. in on the American family, which as you may the Grand Ballroom of the Stouffer Tower recall I did, announcing John Ashcroft of City Plaza Hotel. In his remarks, he referred Missouri and Mrs. Strauss, the former to George Voinovich, Governor of Ohio, and Mayor of Dallas, to be the Cochairs of that his wife, Janet; Virgil Brown, Jr., who gave committee. the invocation; Art Modell, Cleveland We have got to find ways to strengthen Browns football team owner; Tim Timken, the American family. And that’s why I ask luncheon chairman; Stan Aronoff, Ohio you to give sincere consideration and sup- State Senate president; and Martha Moore, port to those six objectives that I spelled Ohio Republican Party vice chairman.

811 May 21 / Administration of George Bush, 1992

Remarks at the Ohio Freedom Day Celebration in Parma, Ohio May 21, 1992

Thank you so much. Thank you, Governor tionalities, had in the fact that their coun- Voinovich. I think the people in Parma tries, their people would be free. You never probably understand this, but let me just gave up, and I congratulate you for that. say it: You’ve got a great Governor of this Today we hear so much gloom and doom State, and I’m proud to be with him. May about what’s wrong with the United States I salute two members of my Cabinet, the of America. But we can all take pride that President’s Cabinet, with me here today: we brought about the fall of the Iron Cur- Secretary Jack Kemp, who runs HUD, tain, the death of imperial communism, and doing a great job; he’s out there working we prevented the cataclysm of the third to help through enterprise zones and home- world war because freedom-loving people ownership, doing a great job there. And in America and in Europe persevered and then another one whom you all know very won the cold war definitively. And we well, most of you do, a man who has intro- should take great pride in that. duced me to much of ethnic America, Sec- It’s risky to go into any particular country retary Ed Derwinski, the Secretary of the in this homogenous group, I’ll tell you, but Veterans Administration. a group joined together because of freedom, I want to thank Mayor Ries, who greeted but with many ethnic backgrounds. But the me earlier, Parma’s Mayor, welcoming me great leader of the Ukrainian Catholic to this wonderful community. Another old Church, Cardinal Slipyj, endured years of friend, Ralph Perk, we go back a long, long pain in prison, and we’ll never forget his time, Ralph, to when he was Mayor of the role. We’ll never forget Hungary’s noble city of Cleveland. And of course, Mike symbol of courage, the late Cardinal DeWine, who I want to see in the United Mindszenty. Both of these men died in States Senate, now the Lieutenant Governor lonely exile. But they inspired others, not of this State. just in Hungary but others, to persevere. Let me thank all of you for this Freedom And they inspired others to literally change Medal. I was pointing out to Ralph some- the world. And now both are hailed openly thing he had already seen. But I love these as heroes in their native land, just as they signs, all of them hand-done, but ‘‘Freedom are honored here in America. The church, Is America’s Name’’ and ‘‘Let Freedom faith had a lot to do about the success of Ring.’’ What says it better than that? I don’t the United States in standing up against know. It is fantastic. I think it is very fitting communism and working and prevailing for that George Voinovich, your Governor, has freedom. proclaimed this Freedom Day. And Ameri- This day, Freedom Day, we also honor cans like yourselves, not just here but all heroes of the nineties, statesmen like Havel across the country, gave us the strength, the and Walesa and Landsbergis. And we mar- determination, the will to topple the Berlin vel at how our world has changed. You Wall and to work for the freedom of East- know, during the eighties, Havel and Lech ern Europe and for the rest of what used Walesa spent time in prison for the crime to be the Soviet Union. of speaking up for freedom. That was the You never gave up. You never, ever gave crime, to speak up for freedom. And it was up. You said your prayers; you said them scarcely more than one year ago that over and over again, praying for your friends Landsbergis of Lithuania took his stand, and your families that were left halfway armed with only the truth and the spirit around the world, but you never, ever gave of patriotism against the Red army forces up. And I’ve been in public life for some who were gunning down innocent citizens time; half my life in public life, half in pri- in Lithuania. So, we won’t forget that. vate. And one thing I’ve seen, wherever, And this day honors the work of half a is the faith that the Americans, different na- century of our GI’s and of our allies who

812 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / May 21 kept NATO strong; the radio broadcasters Kravchuk, welcoming him to the White who pierced the Iron Curtain with words House and then taking him up—we flew of hope and truth. I remember when Lech in a helicopter up to Camp David, pointing Walesa came to the United States. He want- out the different rural communities in agri- ed to go to Radio Free Europe so he could cultural America and urban America. meet and look into the eyes of the voice I think we made real progress working that he had heard speaking up for freedom with President Kravchuk on reducing the when that was the only hope the people threat of nuclear war. We announced our of Poland had, a wonderful story about our pledge to establish the science and tech- Nation’s perseverance. nology center in Ukraine. We signed agree- We think of world leaders whose deeds were as powerful as their words: Margaret ments that are going to foster trade and Thatcher and Helmut Kohl, my predecessor investment with Ukraine. And I’ve taken ac- Ronald Reagan, who had so much to do tion to grant most-favored-nation status for with keeping our sights set on the fall of Ukraine as soon as possible. And again, for communism, and of the families—we think the Ukrainian-Americans present, I am very, of them—in the East and the West who very proud that one of the men closest to prayed together, and parents who taught me in the White House, Roman Popadiuk, their children right from wrong. The phys- will be sworn in next week as the first ical and moral strength of these people tran- American Ambassador to Ukraine. scended and destroyed the Iron Curtain. We’ve got to keep working on this. Just And I believe that moral strength will last week, a couple of days ago actually, I prevail, even where violence and oppression had an equally good meeting with the Presi- hold forth, as in the states of the former dent of Kazakhstan, President Nazarbayev. Yugoslavia. We now recognize the full sov- And like Kravchuk, Nazarbayev pledged to ereignty of Slovenia and Croatia and Bosnia, join the Non-Proliferation Treaty as a non- and we stand in solidarity with their people. nuclear-weapon state. And he pledged to re- Let me make this clear: We will not recog- move all the nuclear weapons within the nize the annexation of territories by force. 7-year period of the START agreement. Aggression cannot be rewarded. But we must stay involved, trying to find a peaceful And in a few more weeks, the President answer to the whole question of Yugoslavia. of Russia, a gigantic new country, President So, as George said, we do stand on the Yeltsin coming to the United States, and threshold of a new world, a world of peace we are going to meet together in Washing- and opportunity. And I really see this as ton to chart a new partnership with Russia the opportunity of a century. And it’s amaz- for the future. And it is a wonderful thing ing to learn about some of the efforts that to be talking about business and freedom have already begun, think tanks and fax ma- instead of talking about nuclear arms and chines that are networking to foster democ- the worry that our kids used to have in this racy and free enterprise in the Baltic repub- country about the nuclear threat. lics, in Ukraine and Russia, throughout We’re eager to develop strengths and Eastern Europe. strengthen our ties with Byelarus and Governor Voinovich tells me the growth Moldova and Armenia and all the nations of telephone traffic between Ohio and that have won independence from Soviet Ukraine is absolutely phenomenal. New rule. And working with them and our allies phone links are helping families restore we want to establish a democratic peace, these old bonds and helping new business a lasting peace that is built on trust, a peace ventures get going. People from Kiev and that is built on shared values, not simply Vilnius now travel here without having to the absence of war. fear that they left home for the last time. Government is doing its part. Two weeks And so to finish this job, I need your ago I had a wonderful meeting, for those help. We’ve done much to support the new particularly interested in Ukraine, a wonder- nations of the Commonwealth, C.I.S. And ful meeting with Kravchuk, President there are other initiatives that will help

813 May 21 / Administration of George Bush, 1992 these nations along the road to democracy a story about Easter this year, not in and freedom. For Russia, largely for Russia Ukraine but in Russia. Many of you will but also for the Ukraine and others, we have recall the big military parades that the Sovi- the ‘‘FREEDOM Support Act’’ which I’ve ets used to have there in Red Square, al- sent up to the Congress, which will provide ways with a huge portrait of Lenin as the new opportunities for American business. backdrop, on the wall of the State Historical It’s going to clear away a lot of that cold Museum. Well, this year at Easter, there war legislation, get rid of that, that now in- was no portrait of Lenin. Instead, a massive hibits trade and investment with Ukraine icon towered over Red Square, an icon of and the other nations of the old Soviet em- the Resurrection, and atop it, the words pire. It provides new authority to continue Christos Voskrese, Christ is risen. food assistance totaling $110 million in food And the way I look at it is this: This really guarantees for the purchase of American ag is a season of resurrection throughout the products. And Congress should act now. once-captive nations of Europe. And it is We’ve got problems at home, but we a wonderful time to be alive to see these must not miss this historic opportunity to days, to enjoy the freedom that God has guarantee the peace for these kids here and given us in the freest, most wonderful Na- to guarantee the freedom for those across tion on the face of the Earth, the United the ocean. So join with me in asking Con- States of America. May God bless each and gress not to disappoint our children and to every one of you. support us as we try to pass the ‘‘FREE- And may I say, as the President of the DOM Support Act.’’ And if we meet these United States, I will keep working for free- responsibilities today, a generation from dom around the world. And with your sup- now people might be speaking about a port, I know we will be successful in seeing ‘‘Ukrainian miracle’’ or a ‘‘Baltic miracle,’’ these European and former Soviet republics much as we marvel at the recovery of West- become free and whole, with the people ern Europe just a few years ago, ravaged enjoying a life they never would have by the Second World War. They came back dreamed of. strong. And everyone calls it the ‘‘miracle Thank you, and may God bless the United of Western Europe.’’ Now we want the States of America. Thank you. same things for these new republics. And with your support, we can get it. I know that it is still Easter season in Note: The President spoke at 1:53 p.m. in your church. And to close, I want to tell the auditorium at St. Josephat’s Cathedral.

Remarks at a Bush-Quayle Fundraising Picnic in Westchester, New York May 21, 1992

Thank you all very much. It is a pleasure line into Greenwich to see my almost-91- to be here, and I’m delighted. Lou, thank year-old mother. So in a way, it is a home- you, sir, for that introduction. Please be coming. And it really is when you look out seated out there. And be seated up here. here and see so many friends, so many peo- [Laughter] Sorry about that. No, but I’m ple that worked way back in the political delighted to be here. I’m sorry that Barbara wars and have given me this extraordinary Bush is not here. She was here just a couple opportunity to be President of the United of weeks ago at another event. States in these wonderfully exciting, chal- But it’s a thrill to be back in my home- lenging, yes, but wonderfully exciting times town, near it, one of my many hometowns. for our country. I just had a chance to drive up across the And I am pleased—I want to thank Lou, I

814 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / May 21 want to thank Ginny, his wife; both of them again we ought to keep that in sight as we so nervous they can hardly speak about the count our blessings. The United States, be- future grandchild that’s appearing any cause we stayed strong—and I salute my minute now. I want to thank the Young Art- predecessor Ronald Reagan for this one— ists’ Philharmonic for bringing us a little class because we stayed strong and determined, into this hangar. Real good. Thank you all those nations are no longer captive nations. very, very much. And salute several old They are free nations. And democracy is friends: John Rowland, who we miss in the on the move all across the world. Congress, and I expect you miss him as Gov- So just as we have brought these changes, ernor of this State, but nevertheless—and with a lot of help I will concede, but we Bobby Holt and my old friend Brian Gaffney brought these changes to the world, we’ve and Betsy and Spike Heminway and Dick got to change things at home. And that is Foley and Bob Macauley and Leon Hirsh, exactly what we have been trying to do for Jack Neafsey, and fellow Republicans, includ- the last 3 years. Some successes, not ing our very special Secretary of HUD, Jack enough. We’ve got to change the world. Kemp, who is doing a superb job, trying to And let me just tell you, as Jack and I went get this Congress to move. out to Los Angeles and looked at it, what And a special thanks to my old friends. we feel needs to be done in the way of They were with us in the convention and change. And it’s not just to take care of 4 years ago. I am a fan of theirs. They came that city that went through the horrible down from Bangor, Maine, to be here, times. It’s not just that, because the ideas heading right on down to Atlantic City. But I’ll mention to you real quick are ideas that let’s hear it once more for the Oak Ridge would resonate for other cities, other com- Boys. They say an awful lot about this great munities across this country. And all of country of ours. Now, not for a long one. Billy Graham them are built on the principles: personal tells this marvelous story about the speaker responsibility, opportunity, ownership, inde- that went on and on and on. Somebody sit- pendence, dignity, empowerment, the fam- ting over about where Jack was picked up ily. And it all adds up to the American the gavel, heaved it at him, missed the dream. speaker, and hit a lady in the front row. And here’s what we’re talking about: We And she said, ‘‘Hit me again. I can still hear have a great program that we’re trying to him.’’ [Laughter] I want to keep this one get the Congress to help us with now called brief because it is a lovely and an informal ‘‘Weed and Seed.’’ It backs our wonderful evening. But let me just make a few com- law enforcement people. It weeds out the ments. criminals and goes after the drug dealers. In the first place, I do think we’ve got And then it seeds the neighborhoods with a lot to be grateful for in this country. I hope and opportunity. We need to get that think we have many, many blessings. And through the United States Congress, and I I see these kids here, and I am very proud believe we can. that our administration has had some hand The next one is enterprise zones, some- in seeing that these kids don’t go to sleep thing that we’ve been championing for 3 every night worried about nuclear war. We years, Jack on the cutting edge, and effec- have changed the world, and we’ve changed tively so, I might add. And what that says it for the better. is, better than some make-work program, let’s I just came from a very emotional meet- change the tax structure so you can draw like ing—Freedom Day, it is, out in Cleveland, a magnet into the inner cities some busi- Ohio—came from a very emotional meeting nesses who are going to take a chance, who with what used to be called the captive na- are going to take a gamble. And it’s going tions people: Ukrainians and Hungarians to make it worth their while through the tax and so many others, Poles, Eastern Euro- changes so they will then offer jobs with dig- peans of all kinds, and then those now re- nity in the private sector to those that have publics, represented by the republics of the been bypassed as far as the American Soviet Union, former Soviet Union. And dream goes. We need enterprise zones

815 May 21 / Administration of George Bush, 1992 now, and I’d like to have your support with necessarily in bricks and mortar but new the Congress. concepts. Trying that and saying, ‘‘The old Another one is, we must reform the wel- system hasn’t worked; let’s change it.’’ For fare system. And people say, ‘‘Oh well, wait example, let’s give parents a choice of where a minute, is that some kind of code word.’’ they want to send their schools, religious It is not. What we’re doing is offering waiv- or private, whatever it is. Give them a ers to these States so they can try. Wiscon- choice and watch our educational system sin came in, they’ve got a program called improve. Learnfare to take welfare dependency peo- So these are some of the initiatives we’re ple and give them an opportunity to learn; pushing. And then overlying that, we have similarly, Workfare programs. We have got some other fundamental ones. Every time to innovate in this country. And then there’s I see young people I’m saying to myself, a much more compassionate side of welfare we’ve got to do something to keep from reform. A kid saved the other day a little over $1,000. And the welfare people came mortgaging their future. And we’ve pro- to get the family and said, ‘‘Your daughter posed capping the growth of these manda- here has saved a little over $1,000. You can’t tory programs. We are now fighting for a do that on welfare; that violates the rules.’’ balanced budget amendment. And we need We’re trying to change that so families can your help to get that one through the Con- save a little money and work their way out gress. It will discipline our branch of Gov- or get themselves an education. So we’ve ernment, and it’ll discipline the United got to reform the welfare system. And the States Congress. And the balanced budget time has come. And the people that will amendment will be phased in, and it’ll save benefit the most are those who have been the future generations if we can get it on welfare hopelessly without any chance passed. at the American dream. Help us change it. Two other points you’ll be hearing more We’ve got a wonderful job training pro- about as we engage in the fall—and I will gram, Job Training 2000. We’re going to be encouraging people to send more Re- coordinate the services to the people that publican Congressmen down there to Wash- need it the most. And again, we’re going ington, both in the Senate and the House. to push through, our able Secretary of One of them is the line-item veto. You give Labor Lynn Martin and others, to get this me that line-item veto that these 43 Gov- Job Training 2000 enacted. ernors have, and watch us get that spending A fifth one is homeownership. You see, under control. And the last one, we’ve got we believe that if a person owns the home, to reform our legal system. We’ve got to it is far better. They take a pride in it. A sue each other less and help each other dignity comes back. It strengthens the fam- more. And we have proposals to do just ex- ily, and it is a far better approach than these actly that. That’s the tip of the iceberg. failed housing projects that strip families of their dignity. And so we’re pushing hard for There’s a domestic agenda for you. And homeownership. And again, we’re going to we’re going to take the case to the Amer- try to get the Congress to help us in every ican people. And Lou is right: The Amer- way possible. Give that opportunity to ican economy has begun to move. A recent American families. poll that I saw and analyzed here just a few And the last one—and it is vitally impor- days ago, 70 percent of the American peo- tant and it doesn’t have quite the short- ple think the economy is getting worse. term implications—we must reform our They are wrong. It is beginning to turn. And education system. And we are talking about when it does, the fortunes of the Repub- a new program. David Kearns, that’s so lican Party and those people that share the well-known in this part to many people, was values I’ve spelled out here are going to very instrumental in it and so is Lamar Alex- rise, and they’re going to rise precipitously. ander, our Secretary. We’re literally talking We are going to win the election in the fall. about revolutionizing American education, We are going to get more people in the brandnew schools in each State, not new United States Congress that believe and

816 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / May 22 think as you and I do. And thank you for finance chairman; Bobby Holt, Bush-Quayle your help in making that possible. national finance chairman; Brian Gaffney, Thank you all, and may God bless you. Bush-Quayle Connecticut cochairman; Betsy Heminway, Bush-Quayle Connecticut co- Note: The President spoke at 6:07 p.m. in chairman, and her husband, Spike; Dick Hangar 26 at the Westchester County Re- Foley, chairman of the Connecticut Repub- gional Airport. In his remarks, he referred lican Party; and Bob Macauley, Leon Hirsh, to Louis Bantle, Bush-Quayle Connecticut and Jack Neafsey, event cochairmen.

Letter to Congressional Leaders Transmitting Proposed Legislation on New Mexico Public Lands Wilderness Designation May 22, 1992

Dear Mr. Speaker: (Dear Mr. President:) versity of wilderness values in the State of I am pleased to submit for congressional New Mexico. These range from the rel- consideration and passage the ‘‘New Mexico atively undisturbed and expansive stretch of Public Lands Wilderness Act’’. the Chihuahuan Desert in the West Potrillo The Federal Land Policy and Manage- Mountains, to the canyons of the Gila and ment Act of 1976 (FLPMA), (43 U.S.C. Chama Rivers, to the rocky peaks of the 1701, et seq.), directs the Secretary of the Organ Mountains, Big Hatchet Mountains, Interior to review the wilderness potential and the Sierra Ladrones. These areas span of the public lands. a wide variety of New Mexico landforms, The review of the areas identified in New ecosystems, and other natural systems and Mexico began immediately after the enact- features. Their inclusion in the wilderness ment of FLPMA and has now been com- system will improve the geographic distribu- pleted. Approximately 908,000 acres of pub- tion of wilderness areas in New Mexico, and lic lands in 50 areas in New Mexico met will complement existing areas of congres- the minimum wilderness criteria and were designated as wilderness study areas sionally designated wilderness. They will (WSAs). These WSAs were studied and ana- provide new and outstanding opportunities lyzed during the review process and the re- for solitude and unconfined recreation. sults documented in six environmental im- The enclosed draft legislation provides pact statements and one instant study area that designation as wilderness shall not con- report. stitute a reservation of water or water rights Based on the studies and reviews of the for wilderness purposes. This is consistent WSAs, the Secretary of the Interior rec- with the fact that the Congress did not es- ommends that all or part of 23 of the WSAs, tablish a Federal reserved water right for totaling 487,186 acres of public lands, be wilderness purposes. The Administration designated as part of the National Wilder- has established the policy that, where it is ness Preservation System. From these 23 necessary to obtain water rights for wilder- WSAs, the Secretary proposes to designate ness purposes in a specific wilderness area, 22 wilderness areas by consolidating two water rights would be sought from the State WSAs into one wilderness area. by filing under State water laws. Further- I concur with the Secretary of the Interi- more, it is the policy of the Administration or’s recommendations and am pleased to that the designation of wilderness areas recommend designation of the 22 areas (to- should not interfere with the use of water taling 487,186 acres) identified in the en- rights, State water administration, or the use closed draft legislation as additions to the of a State’s interstate water allocation. National Wilderness Preservation System. The proposed additions represent the di-

817 May 22 / Administration of George Bush, 1992

The draft legislation also provides for ac- be released for multi-use management. cess to wilderness areas by Indian people Also enclosed are a letter and report from for traditional cultural and religious pur- the Secretary of the Interior concerning the poses. Access by the general public may be WSAs discussed above and a section-by-sec- limited in order to protect the privacy of tion analysis of the draft legislation. I urge religious cultural activities taking place in the Congress to act expeditiously and favor- specific wilderness areas. In addition, to the ably on the proposed legislation so that the fullest extent practicable, the Department natural resources of these WSAs in New of the Interior will coordinate with the De- Mexico may be protected and preserved. partment of Defense to minimize the im- Sincerely, pact of any overflights during these religious GEORGE BUSH cultural activities. I further concur with the Secretary of the Note: Identical letters were sent to Thomas Interior that all or part of 39 of the WSAs S. Foley, Speaker of the House of Represent- encompassing 420,400 acres are not suitable atives, and Dan Quayle, President of the for preservation as wilderness and should Senate.

White House Statement on Haitian Migrants May 24, 1992

President Bush has issued an Executive in Port-au-Prince. The Embassy has been order which will permit the U.S. Coast processing refugee claims since February. Guard to begin returning Haitians picked We utilize this special procedure in only up at sea directly to Haiti. This action fol- four countries in the world. We are pre- lows a large surge in Haitian boat people pared to increase the American Embassy seeking to enter the United States and is staff in Haiti for refugee processing if nec- necessary to protect the lives of the Hai- essary. tians, whose boats are not equipped for the The United States Coast Guard has 600-mile sea journey. picked up over 34,000 since the coup in The large number of Haitian migrants has Haiti last September 30. Senior U.S. offi- led to a dangerous and unmanageable situa- cials are seeking the assistance of other tion. Both the temporary processing facility countries and the United Nations to help at the U.S. Naval Base, Guantanamo and deal with the plight of Haitian boat people, the Coast Guard cutters on patrol are filled and we will continue our intensive efforts to capacity. The President’s action will also to find alternative solutions to avoid further allow continued orderly processing of more tragedies on the high seas. than 12,000 Haitians presently at Guanta- The President has also directed an inten- namo. sification of our ongoing humanitarian as- Through broadcasts on the Voice of sistance efforts in Haiti. Our current pro- America and public statements in the Hai- grams total $47 million and provide food tian media, we continue to urge Haitians for over 600,000 Haitians and health care not to attempt the dangerous sea journey services which reach nearly 2 million. We to the United States. Last week alone, 18 hope other nations will also increase their Haitians perished when their vessel capsized humanitarian assistance as called for in the off the Cuban coast. resolution on Haiti passed by the OAS for- Under current circumstances, the safety eign ministers on May 17. of Haitians is best assured by remaining in their country. We urge any Haitians who fear persecution to avail themselves of our Note: The Executive order is listed in Ap- refugee processing service at our Embassy pendix E at the end of this volume.

818 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / May 27

Radio Address to the Nation on Memorial Day May 25, 1992

For many, Memorial Day signals sum- and let us pass along to a new generation mer’s arrival. Families will pull out the pic- the awesome accounts of honor and cour- nic baskets and charcoal grills and head for age. On Wednesday at the Naval Academy’s the beach or the park. But more impor- commencement, I will talk about how the tantly, Memorial Day is one of our Nation’s great victory of freedom in the world is a most solemn observances. vindication of the American ideal. And I will On this sacred day, we honor those Amer- remind those graduates that democracy is icans who died fighting for freedom. We not our creation; it is our inheritance. pause to remember, to think about the These reminders are important, for as meaning of the loss of brave men and someone said, ‘‘Memory performs the im- women who did not return from the battle. possible for man, holds together past and And in cemeteries all across this great land, present.’’ So then, we who are left must people will place flags or lay bouquets on nurture the sacred memories of those who quiet graves ‘‘where valor proudly sleeps.’’ paid the ultimate price. And we must let On this day, we must tell the stories of their sacrifices give meaning and purpose those who fought and died in freedom’s to our Nation’s future. Because they fought, cause. We must tell their stories because we have freedoms many all too often take those who’ve lost loved ones need to know for granted. And because of their sacrifice, that a grateful Nation will always remember. our children can sleep soundly without the We must tell their stories so that our chil- threat of nuclear war hanging over their dren and grandchildren will understand heads. what our lives might have been like had May God bless the families of all whom it not been for their sacrifice. The thou- we honor. And may God bless the United sands of us who fought alongside brave States of America. friends who fell will never hear ‘‘Taps’’ played without remembering them, nor will their families and friends. Note: This address was recorded at 8:05 So, let us remember the cause for which a.m. on May 21 in the Cabinet Room at these Americans fought and the freedom the White House for broadcast after 9 a.m. and peace bought with their life’s blood, on May 25.

Presidential Determination No. 92–27—Memorandum Certifying Ethiopia for United States Assistance May 26, 1992

Memorandum for the Secretary of State ments and national reconciliation agreements; Subject: Determination and Certification (2) has demonstrated a commitment to Under Section 8 of the Horn of Africa human rights within the meaning of sections Recovery and Food Security Act: Ethiopia 116 and 502B of the Foreign Assistance Act Pursuant to the authority vested in me of 1961; by section 8 of the Horn of Africa Recovery (3) has manifested a commitment to de- and Food Security Act (Public Law 102– mocracy, has established a timetable for 274; 106 Stat. 115), I hereby determine and free and fair elections, and has agreed to certify that the Government of Ethiopia: implement the results of those elections; (1) has begun to implement peace agree- and

819 May 27 / Administration of George Bush, 1992

(4) has agreed to distribute developmental [Filed with the Office of the Federal Reg- assistance on the basis of need without re- ister, 11:54 a.m., June 10, 1992] gard to political affiliation, geographic location, or the ethnic, tribal, or religious identity of the recipient. You are authorized and directed to report Note: This memorandum was released by this determination and certification to the the Office of the Press Secretary on May Congress and to publish it in the Federal 27. Register.

GEORGE BUSH Presidential Determination No. 92–28—Memorandum on Arms Exports to the Comoros MemorandumMay 26, 1992 for the Secretary of State strengthen the security of the United States Subject: Eligibility of the Comoros to be and promote world peace. Furnished Defense Articles and Services You are authorized and directed to report Under the Foreign Assistance Act and the this determination to the Congress and to Arms Export Control Act publish it in the Federal Register. Pursuant to the authority vested in me GEORGE BUSH by section 503(a) of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961, as amended (22 U.S.C. [Filed with the Office of the Federal Reg- 2311(a)), and section 3(a)(1) of the Arms ister, 11:55 a.m., June 10, 1992] Export Control Act (22 U.S.C. 2753(a)(1)), I hereby find and determine that the fur- Note: This memorandum was released by nishing of defense articles and services to the Office of the Press Secretary on May the Government of the Comoros will 27.

Remarks at the United States Naval Academy Commencement Ceremony in Annapolis, Maryland May 27, 1992

Thank you, Mr. Secretary, and thank all mate of the class of ’92, Midshipman Rob of you. Thank you, Larry Garrett. Please Boehning, a model of courage to his class- be seated. And may I salute our great CNO, mates. Admiral Kelso, who’s with us today, and our Now, the real reason I came here today: Superintendent, Admiral Lynch, the several I just wanted to salute the class that finally Members of the United States Congress captured the Army mules. And to show you that are here today. I want to single out that I took Larry Garrett’s remarks to heart, the Navy band, thank the Academy band; I will now tell you my favorite Billy Graham and Captain Bill Hines, the Senior Chap- story about the guy, the graduation speaker, lain; and Midshipmen First Class Joe goes on and on and on. A guy sitting over Lienert and Melissa Miceli for leading us here picks up the gavel, heaves it at him, in the national anthem. Officers, members misses, hits a woman in the front row. And of the faculty, friends, parents, the brigade, she said, ‘‘Hit me again. I can still hear and of course, the class of 1992. As I said him.’’ [Laughter] Look what you’re in for. that, the sun came out. [Laughter] Now, [Laughter] No, they’re double-spaced. thank you for this warm welcome. Let me add a special salute to an honorary class- As President, I’ve made it my mission to

820 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / May 27 preserve three legacies of concern to all market reform is now sweeping away the Americans. I spoke a few days ago at South- dead hand of state socialism. Capitalism is ern Methodist University about the new recognized the world over as the engine of economic realities, about the promising job prosperity and social progress. And nations opportunities that we’re going to have in are reorganizing themselves to unleash the the next century. At Notre Dame, my focus limitless potential of the individual. was the family because the first lessons in Governments can help foster free enter- faith and character are learned at home. But prise, or they can put obstacles in its path. today I want to speak about the great mis- There is no question what course we must sion you’ve taken up as your own: preserv- take. The United States will remain a force- ing freedom, keeping the peace. ful advocate for free trade. But the promise You take up your watch at a watershed of new prosperity must not blind us to the moment, as old orders give way to new. new challenges of new economic realities. Just think of the changes, the remarkable Nations that lack the confidence to compete changes that have taken place since you first will be tempted to seek refuge behind the came to Annapolis 4 years ago, for plebe walls of protectionism. We must fight the summer way back in 1988. That was a dif- protectionist impulse here at home, and we ferent era, another world, literally. Europe must work with our partners for trade that was a continent divided, East from West. is free, fair, and open. From Central America to the Horn of Afri- Beyond this economic challenge, we must ca to Afghanistan and Southeast Asia, the U.S. faced Soviet expansionism. Today, all see clearly the dangers that remain. And that has changed. Today, the ‘‘dominoes’’ yes, since the day you came to Annapolis, fall in democracy’s direction. Today, the we have made great gains for freedom. But Wall, the Warsaw Pact, the Soviet empire, we have not yet entered an era of perpetual even the Soviet Union itself, all are gone, peace. swept away by the most powerful idea Some see the great triumph I mentioned known to man: the undeniable desire of a moment ago not simply as cause for cele- every individual to be free. bration but as proof that America’s work We must recognize these events for what in the world is finished, is done. The fact they were: a vindication of our ideals, a tes- is, never in the long history of man has tament to faith, but also a victory for the the world been a benign place. It will take men and women who fought for freedom. hard efforts to make and keep it a better Because this triumph didn’t just happen. place, and there is no substitute in this ef- Imperial communism didn’t just fall. It was fort for America’s strength and sense of pur- pushed. pose. When other nations look to the Your generation will be the first to enjoy United States, they see a nation that com- the fruits of that victory. Today, the threat bines economic and military might with a of a lightning strike across the fields of Eu- moral force that’s born of its founding rope has vanished with the Warsaw Pact. ideals. The threat of nuclear war is more distant Even in our new world, as old threats than at any time in the past four decades. recede, new ones emerge. With the end of As Commander in Chief, I think back often the East-West standoff, ideology has given to the day I did what so many of my prede- way to ethnicity as a key factor for conflict. cessors must have longed to do, to give the Ancient hatreds, ethnic rivalries frozen in order for many of our nuclear forces to time, threaten to revive themselves and stand down from alert. Last week in Lisbon, to re-ignite. We see it now in the war-rav- we reached agreement with four of the new aged Balkans, in tensions within and among nations of the old Soviet empire, Russia, some of the new nations of the old Soviet Ukraine, Kazakhstan, and Byelarus, to make empire. For all the overwhelmingly hopeful good on the great promise of the START aspects of the new nationalism we see in Treaty that we signed just a year ago. the world, for all the proud history and her- The end of the cold war, it means new itage we see reclaimed, for all the captive opportunities for global prosperity. Free nations now free, we must guard

821 May 27 / Administration of George Bush, 1992 against those who would turn the noble im- ward to finish the great work that we have pulse of nationalism to negative ends. begun. We will face new challenges in the realm But if we hope to remain free and at of diplomacy. Where in the past we’ve re- peace in the world, a world that still holds lied almost entirely on established, formal dangers, we must maintain defenses ade- alliances, the future may require us to turn quate to the task. This defense rests on four more often to coalitions built to respond key elements. to the needs of the moment. Where in the First, we must maintain a strong strategic past, international organizations like the deterrent. And yes, our nuclear forces can U.N., the United Nations, had been para- and will be smaller in the future. But even lyzed by cold war conflict, we will see a in the aftermath of the cold war, Russia future where they can now be a force for retains its nuclear arsenal. We learned in peace. Where in the past, many times the Desert Storm about the progress that Iraq heaviest burdens of leadership fell to our had made toward building nuclear weapons Nation, we will now see more efforts made of its own. We must heed the lessons to seek consensus and concerted action. learned in the Gulf war, when a single Scud The United States will never rely on other missile took the lives of more Americans nations to defend its interests, but we can than any other combat action in that war. and will seek to act in concert with the com- We cannot count on deterrence to stop a munity of nations to defend common inter- madman with missiles. We must deploy a ests and ideals. We saw a glimpse of that defense against ballistic missile attack. future in the Persian Gulf. Such a world puts a premium on nations certain of their Second, security means forward deploy- interests, faithful to their ideals, and on ment. From the 40 years of cold war to leaders ready to act. the 40 days of Desert Storm, forward de- We will face new challenges that take us ployed forces have contributed to the beyond containment to a key role in helping world’s stability and helped America keep forge a democratic peace. In the weeks danger far from its shores. Even in our new ahead, Congress will be considering what world, with the tremendous political trans- we call the ‘‘FREEDOM Support Act,’’ to formation we’ve worked to bring about, the promote democratic reform in Russia and fundamental facts of geopolitics don’t the other Commonwealth States. For all the change. Forward deployed forces—I’m talk- pressure to focus our energies on needs ing about ground forces, and I am talking here at home, and for all that we must do the United States Navy—will keep America and will do to open new opportunities to safe in the century ahead as they have in every American here at home, we cannot the century now coming to a close. fail in this critical mission. Third, the nature of the challenges we When we think of the world you and your are likely to face will put a premium on children will inherit, no single factor will rapid response. We live in a day when clear shape their future more than this: whether and present dangers are few, when new the lands of the old Soviet empire move threats can emerge with little or no warning. forward into democracy or slide back into Throughout history, our ability to project anarchy or authoritarianism. The outcome power has helped us keep the peace, and of this great transition will affect everything if need be, to win the war. And this I pledge from the amount of resources Government as Commander in Chief: America’s forces must devote to defense instead of domestic will continue to be the best trained, the needs to a future for our children free from best equipped, and most battle-ready forces fear. anywhere in the entire world. We owe it And yes, the aid that I have requested to the generations coming up. from the Congress is significant, but it is Fourth, even as we reduce our Armed also a tiny fraction of the $4 trillion that Forces, we must retain the capability to re- this Nation spent to wage and win the cold constitute sufficient forces to meet the fu- war. We owe it to those who began the ture threats that we may face. As we make task as well as those who will come up after- significant cuts in our defense pro-

822 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / May 27 curement, we’ve got to keep in mind that vide. Today, John Paul Jones would say, production lines for planes and tanks and ‘‘The measure of a ship is not its guns but ships cannot be turned on and off like water its courageous men and women.’’ Your from a faucet. We’ve got to keep our tech- courage, your integrity, your ability to lead, nological edge, keep our R&D focused on these are the qualities on which our Na- the next generation of weapons that you’ll tion’s security depends. need to succeed. More than once this century, America has In conclusion, I just want to turn now proved its mettle. More than once, we’ve to a final challenge, one that begins with come late to conflict and turned back mortal a hard-won truth that shines through this threats to freedom. But as a Nation, we century’s great conflicts: America is safest have yet to prove that we can lead when at home when we stand as a force for stabil- there is no enemy on the doorstep. We have ity in the world. In many respects, reaffirm- proved and proved again we can win the ing this truth in our new world may be the war. Now we must wage the peace. greatest challenge of all because the history Once again, to this wonderful graduating of this century reveals in the American char- class, I wish you well. I wish you Godspeed. acter a desire to see in every hard-won vic- And thank you all for this warm welcome. tory a sign that America’s work in the world May I thank the families that have labored is done. Such an urge is not unusual in de- in sweat to provide this wonderful day for mocracies. It’s a trait found in nations more these wonderful midshipmen, now to be en- interested in the quiet joys of home than signs or lieutenants. Welcome, congratula- in the glories of conquest abroad. But it tions to the class of 1992. And may God can be devastating in a world that still holds bless the United States of America, the dangers for our interests and ideals. freest, greatest country on the face of the Winston Churchill made this point the Earth. Thank you very much. theme of the last volume in his epic history of World War II. He called it, ‘‘How the Note: The President spoke at 10:45 a.m. at great democracies triumphed and so were the Navy/Marine Corps Memorial Stadium. able to resume the follies which had so In his remarks, he referred to Lawrence nearly cost them their life.’’ Once more, our Garrett III, Secretary of the Navy; Rear Ad- challenge is to avoid the folly that Churchill miral Thomas C. Lynch, Superintendent of warned of, to remain engaged in the world the U.S. Naval Academy; and Midshipman as a force for peace. We will do it with 1st Class Robert Boehning, an honorary your help, through the leadership you pro- graduate.

Remarks in a Roundtable Discussion With the Mount Paran Christian School Community in Marietta, Georgia May 27, 1992

The President. Thank you, Dr. Walker, And I just wish Barbara were here because and all of you for taking your time. But she spends a great deal of her life encourag- what I wanted to do is just say a couple ing families to read together and teachers of brief remarks and then listen to you. and kids to read together. But this report Tomorrow there’s a report coming out on is going to say that we’ve got a long way the schools. It’s an NAEP report. I think to go. it will be announced by the Education De- Having said that, I am told that this partment. And it’s got some troubling statis- school sets a pretty darn good example for tics in it, conclusions in it about kids: too the rest of the State, community, and Na- much television; not enough reading, par- tion really in terms of parental involvement, ents reading to the kids, kids doing reading. which we think is absolutely funda-

823 May 27 / Administration of George Bush, 1992 mental, and also in terms of teacher-kid re- And then those that aren’t, I am told by lationship. So what I want to do is to hear education officials in Minnesota and else- from you as to how you think it’s working. where, upgrade themselves. We think in America 2000 we have a How do you feel about all of this? Not good, strong education program. It puts em- on just this subject, but any. What do you phasis on school choice. When I got out want to share with us about your edu- of the Navy a jillion years ago—it’s on my cational experience? mind because I was at the Naval Academy [A participant said that competition and pa- graduation today; did not go there, but rental involvement are key elements.] when I got out of the service we had the GI bill. You could choose whether you The President. Is there a special way in wanted to go to whatever school. Similarly, which you involve parents, or is it kind of in some of the grant programs for higher an enhanced PTA way of doing it? Again, education you can choose. We think choos- I think one of the things that this report ing public, private, religious schools makes tomorrow that Lamar Alexander will be an- all schools better. Competition never hurt nouncing said is that we just have got to anything. And we think it is a good way find more ways to get parents and kids in- to go. So choice is a part of our America volved. We’re talking here about mainly, I 2000 program. And then part of it is simply, think, Roger, out of the public schools, this in a revolutionary way, redesigning Amer- report is based on findings; but parent in- ican education. But not dictating from volvement with kids, homework, reading, Washington: Say here’s a community; you particularly reading. This relates largely to come up with what you think is best for reading, this report that will be out. And your community. Here’s an urban area, and we’re just not performing as a Nation. you all decide what you think is best. But do you all have very active parent And so this is our approach, and we’ve participation at the school, or is it just en- got a great Secretary of Education, Lamar couraging parents at home to do more with Alexander. Dr. Roger Porter, over here, is the kids. Who can pitch in on that one? with me in the White House, is an expert [A participant described parental involve- on not only what we’re trying to do but ment in the classroom and teacher involve- I think on American education. So if you ment with the family. Another participant ask me questions I can’t answer later on discussed parents’ purchases of school in the question-and-answer period, I’ll just equipment.] simply turn to Roger. But I’m told that it works for you, that The President. Some schools in the public you’re getting good results. And I’d like to school system really do strive for that. It know from all of you, board members, stu- doesn’t have quite the same feeling, but dents, whether that conclusion is correct, they have much more active parental rela- and if so, why. tionships than others. And I’m told that Jim—I met your headmaster down there. those make a tremendous difference. I don’t know whether we have an order Who else? here, but maybe he’s a good one to start [A participant said that teachers send home it off. parent information packets regularly. An- [A participant said that competition is good other participant said that teaching moral for education, as demonstrated in Japan.] values in schools was important.] The President. This is the point, ironically, The President. And I keep saying this, but that Benno Schmidt, who just left my uni- I’ll repeat it to you all. I said it in the State versity, Yale, yesterday to work with devel- of the Union. When the mayors from these oping brand new schools, revolutionary National League of Cities came to see me, schools, made on one of the television some from gigantic cities—Los Angeles, shows this morning, the point that choice Tom Bradley was one of them—to small, al- breeds competition, and competition leads most towns, to medium-sized cities like—I to excellence in the schools that are chosen. think of Plano, Texas, which is fairly small—

824 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / May 27 and united, Republican, Democrat, liberal, live. conservative, about the root cause of much So I do see evolution towards that end. of our urban decline was the diminution of I am not pessimistic about all this. Unfortu- the family, the decline of the American fam- nately, in terms of our national education ily. bill, we got socked in the House of Rep- And yes, we get criticized for raising it, resentatives by people that wanted to do but we’re going to keep on talking about it the old way, the way that has failed. That that and trying to encourage family partici- does not want choice, for example, and that pation. We’ve got this family commission, wants to have it all mandated out of some this commission on the family, and they will subcommittee in Washington. We don’t be reporting in a few months, looking at need that. I think the country has seen that legislation to see if there’s anything in the doesn’t work. So, with our new American legislation that encourages through financial schools concept for example, we’re saying incentive a husband and wife to live apart, to communities: You figure it out. Marietta, for example. We can’t have that anymore. Georgia, might have somewhat different re- They’re going to be looking at all kinds of quirements than downtown Chicago. things to come in with recommendations as And so this is the approach we’re taking. to how to turn around this decline in the And I do see a favorable evolution towards American family, the falling apart of the these ideas, but I’m not sure, given the re- family structure. And I will keep on talking calcitrance in Congress today, that it’s going about it, and I think it’s something that the to happen overnight. We’re going to keep American people are sensitive to and want pushing because I think the six goals, you to find ways to help. know, are sound: Math and science. And And so we’ll keep trying. And when Bar- you know, nobody’s too old to learn; it gets bara goes out and hugs a kid and talks about into your whole feeling of adult education. reading to children, I think this is the way Tests, volunteer, but nevertheless standards you strengthen families. If a kid comes so a parent can tell how his or her kid adds home from school, no matter how impover- up to others across the country. These are ished the neighborhood, and picks up a good. Knowledge in the key five subjects, book and sits with the kid and they read that’s another one of the goals. back and forth, that helps. And there’s no So I think the education goals that were question about it. And it might not be as set by Governors, including Georgia’s, in a sophisticated as some of our critics would very constructive role a few years ago are like to have it, but it’s fundamental. And valid and sound. And what we’re saying is it’s good, I think. And so, when I sit there give the communities and private schools, in the diplomatic entrance of the White public schools, religious schools the flexibil- House in what, okay, is somewhat show- ity from Washington to achieve these na- biz reading to kids, it’s supposed to send tional goals. And I think it’s sensible. And a signal that this is a good thing to do. I think we got a long way to go before ev- What were you going to say? eryone in the country’s behind this, but I [A participant asked if the role of schools think it’s evolving in an evolutionary way. would evolve in response to increased family [A participant said that parents, rather than instability.] outside sources such as television, must set The President. One of the national goals moral guidelines for children.] is to have learning take place in a safe and The President. Let me just amplify what sound environment. I think a lot of schools you’ve said here because I think that’s are way out in front; I assume this is one great. You mentioned television. This report of them in terms of no drugs, for example, that’s being issued tomorrow will say that in terms of getting the place safe. I expect the American students spend little time you don’t have a day-to-day gun problem reading for pleasure or as part of their in this school. Regrettably, other schools do. schoolwork, rarely visit the library, and And so, one of the six national goals is to watch television on average more than 3 have a safe and sound place for people to hours a day. It will also go on to scientifical-

825 May 27 / Administration of George Bush, 1992 ly state that those that watch it 2 hours [A participant said that teachers’ involve- or less do better. And 2 hours is a lot of ment in students’ lives is important.] TV, but I mean, that is a conclusion of the The President. I think that’s true. Yet I report. Now, who turns the set off? Prob- think we have to say, and I expect the ably the parents or some counselor saying, teachers here would say, that there are ‘‘Look, here’s what happens to you if you teachers in the public schools that do give don’t,’’ or whoever gives out the homework. the kids that. So I know you know that, Those are things that I think are vital. but it’s a very valid point, Brian, that you’re [A participant asked about tax breaks for making. private school tuition and said that parental I think of the guy that just was in to see involvement is a key to student success.] me the other day. I don’t know if any of The President. That’s a good point. I think you saw the movie ‘‘Stand and Deliver,’’ we do have to face the fact that some par- Jaime Escalante teaching calculus to these ents can’t afford tuition, but they can afford kids. I was out and watched him in school. to have an environment that encourages the He was a super guy. But here he is teaching kind of values we’re talking about. We’ve kids that are disadvantaged. They come to got to strive to that. him with no special privilege. They’re largely Hispanic. Some of them have a poor [A participant said that parents should be grasp of English when they come there, and involved in their children’s education and yet he is such a teacher that he just makes schools should not have to fulfill the role it come alive. And it is very exciting to of parents.] watch him and to listen to him and to be The President. I think it’s a very good inspired by him. And so I guess what I’m point, and that’s why parental involvement saying is we need more Jaime Escalante in in public schools is very, very important. all schools. And yet, I’m not arguing your And where it is so hopeless, where it is point. so disrupted, you do have schools, programs [A participant said that home, school, and like Cities in Schools run by a guy named church need to work together.] Bill Milliken, where they actually have to go in some of the really tough city areas Participant. Mr. President, we’d like to and get city officials who almost adopt a have you here for the rest of the afternoon. kid. That kid isn’t in school, go to the house But your people are giving me signals and and find out why the child wasn’t there. you signals. Was the single parent on drugs, and if so, The President. So, thank you all for giving how does society help give that kid a me your time. I’m just sorry I talked so chance? The theory being every kid, no much and didn’t give everybody a chance. matter what situation, has to have somebody Thank you. who knows his name and cares about him. And that is something that I don’t think Note: The President spoke at 5:14 p.m. in is a problem here, quite obviously, but it a classroom at the Mount Paran Christian is a problem in some schools. And I think School. In his remarks, he referred to Paul we hope that in this encouragement of fam- L. Walker, senior pastor, Mount Paran ily involvement, it will take some of that Church of God; Roger B. Porter, Assistant burden away. But where it still remains, we to the President for Economic and Domestic have got to find ways to have every kid have Policy; Benno C. Schmidt, president of Yale a mentor, every kid have someone who University; James R. Heyman, headmaster, cares about them, lifts them up, brushes Mount Paran Christian School; and William them off when he gets hurt, sends him off E. Milliken, president of Cities in Schools, to school. Inc.

826 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / May 27

Remarks and a Question-and-Answer Session With the Mount Paran Christian School Community in Marietta May 27, 1992

The President. May I simply start off by to what we’re talking about nationally, he thanking you, sir, Pastor Rice. And Dr. pointed out that at the college level, choice Walker, of course, Dr. Heyman, Principal makes State schools better and makes pri- Susan King. And I understand there’s a lit- vate schools better. The same thing will be tle overflow in the sanctuary; we’ll greet true if this concept catches on nationally. them wherever they may be. And thank you Another point that we want to make is for this warm welcome to this wonderful, that one of the reasons I wanted to come wonderfully warm school environment. I here is to point up for the rest of the coun- know a little poster action went on over try what excellent teachers mean and what Memorial Day, and I see the tip of the ice- parental involvement in kids’ education berg. But thank you for the welcome. mean. I’m told by Dr. Walker and your able I would like to say to Pastor Rice, we principal that parents are involved and that are trying. We are trying, because we are they care and that they read to the kids committed to making American education and that they see that the homework is the best in the world. And it’s not there done. So I would salute this school for some yet. We’re not close to that yet, so we’ve way inculcating into the parent this concept got to keep on trying. I left the two great of what they do is vital to American edu- Bush family experts on education behind, cation. regrettably. Barbara Bush, I think, is doing a superb job encouraging people to read The teachers, I’m told, here are excellent. to their kids, and that is fundamental. And I would recognize that your system here en- we have an author in the family, our dog courages that interaction between the kids Millie. [Laughter] You may have read my and the teachers, not just in the classroom tax returns, and you can tell who the bread- but by bringing in the parents for what winner is in that family. The dog made 5 some would call PTA activities or whatever. times as much as the President of the So I salute you for that, and I think you’re United States. [Laughter] I might point out setting a good example for other countries that all of that money that Millie made in as well. her book goes to Barbara’s foundation on Some parents are out there checking literacy, which I hope will benefit children homework and turning off the TV. Well, across this country. I’m sure it will. that’s a good thing because tomorrow there Our America 2000 education crusade is will be a new study announced by our De- not built on finding the answers in Washing- partment of Education. And I might say I ton, DC. It is built on encouraging a revolu- have great confidence in our Secretary of tionary approach to education, and that is Education, Lamar Alexander. But this is the where local communities put forward excel- NAEP, the National Assessment of Edu- lence. We believe that’s right. We believe cation Progress. It’s coming out with conclu- in parental choice. We believe that people sions that will not be a surprise to the teach- should be free to choose public, private, re- ers, the officials, the administration, and the ligious schools. And our whole system, our parents in this school. whole approach to education is built on a But the point explains that American stu- concept of choice and actually revolution, dents across the board spend too little time not tinkering at the edges but revolutioniz- reading for pleasure or as part of their ing American education at the public school school work, that they rarely visit the li- level. You see, we’ve got the best college brary, and that they watch television on av- education in the world. When Yale’s presi- erage more than 3 hours a day. Now, I think dent announced his departure from Yale that these conclusions in this report yesterday to go into some concepts similar will resonate around the country, and

827 May 27 / Administration of George Bush, 1992 people are going to begin to say, ‘‘Wait a You guys right in the middle, go ahead. minute, let’s try it a different way. Maybe You’ve got a question? Scoot right up here. let’s try it the Mount Paran way where While you’re coming up, let’s see. we’re going to have less of that and a little Advice to Youth more homework emphasis.’’ But in any event, I came here to take Q. What can a fifth grader do to help a few questions and hopefully to get an an- keep our country free and the greatest swer or two. My dad, who was in politics country in the world? many years ago, always liked the guy that The President. What kind of what? got up at the forum like this and said, ‘‘For Q. What can a fifth grader do to your information, I’d like to ask this ques- keep—— tion.’’ [Laughter] Well, I could use a little The President. A fifth grader? A fifth information, so don’t be concerned if your grader can study. I know you’re not going question sounds a little bit like a lecture. to like the answer too much. [Laughter] A So with no further ado, other than to once fifth grader can watch less than the national again say thank you from this grateful heart, average of kids watching television. You can I’d like to take your questions. learn. You can listen to those around you The last point I will make, and I promise who are helping you with your value struc- it’s the last: From the minute I walked in ture, and I think you then find that through here I get the distinct feeling that this place your studies and through your environment, has a real sense of what we call family val- you have the values that will help keep this ues. I think that sets a good example for country strong. the rest of the country as well. I am an old-fashioned kind of guy. I think So, who’s first? it’s good when the people are patriotic and salute the flag and stand for the Pledge of Vouchers for Private Schools Allegiance and say we are ‘‘one Nation Q. Mr. President, in an effort to improve under God.’’ I think a fifth grader learns the quality of education in America, do you those things and shares them with her support any Government funding of private schoolmates, and then it’s a part of your education? life as you get older. You’ll be standing for The President. Yes, I do believe that our something; you believe in something, some- system which calls for vouchers for private, thing good. public, or religious schools is the way to What’s your friend got? Are you a friend go. And I think it, incidentally, I think that of hers? will improve the school that is not chosen. Q. Yes. That comes under what we call a concept The President. Are you? of school choice, and I think that it will help those schools that are left behind. I Balanced Budget Amendment think Minnesota will tell you that that’s Q. Yes. I have a question. If God can what happens when a school is chosen. run the world on 10 percent, why can’t I might point out as one who benefited Government run the country on 30 percent? from the GI bill a thousand years ago when [Laughter] I got out of the Navy in nineteen-forty— The President. That’s a good question. what the heck was it—[laughter]—1945, You’re talking about tithing? [Laughter] they said, ‘‘Here’s the GI bill. You can Well, that’s a good question, and the answer choose where you want to go. You can is it’s slightly more complicated than the choose a private school. You can choose a question. [Laughter] But you know, there State school.’’ And no great damage was are some people—I assume that that’s a done to the Constitution. I think that same pitch for 10 percent in taxes, but there are principle will inure to the benefit of the some that frankly can’t afford it. I think schools that are chosen and those that under our system others manage to pitch aren’t. So yes, I do support that concept. in to help those who literally can’t afford Therein I have a big difference with the to pay a dime. Court. But I take your point. I think there’s a

828 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / May 27 point behind the question, and that is that Anyway, yes, ma’am, way in the back. we’ve got to get our spending of our Gov- ernment under control. Frankly, I think one School Choice way to do that is to now pass the balanced budget amendment to the Constitution. The Q. [Inaudible] liberals don’t like it. The liberals do not like The President. Where it’s been tried, it, and they keep throwing up what I call choice has been tried, I think the record the Washington Monument syndrome. That shows that the school that is not chosen means if you have to cut somewhere, they’ll improves itself. That’s the point that Benno point out, well, the first thing you’ve got Schmidt—I made this to a group earlier to do is take down the Washington Monu- on—who’s leaving Yale University—I still ment or go after programs that everybody think it’s a great university, not just because likes. That isn’t what happens to get a bal- I went there—but nevertheless, he’s leaving anced budget. to go into what I would call a model school What we need to do without getting too program. His point was that choice makes technical here is to control the growth of those schools, private schools in higher edu- the mandatory programs. You don’t have to cation better, and the State schools are bet- cut them, but you have to control the ter as well because of the competition. growth of that part of the budget that’s run- So I don’t look at it as a program that ning out of control. I believe we can do should diminish the quality of education in it. I think a balanced budget amendment our very important public school system. would discipline the Congress, and I think We think the competition will enhance it would discipline the executive branch. It’s the—especially if we can strive to achieve an idea I’ve been for for a long, long time. our six education goals. I believe it’s going to pass the Congress So, that’s the answer I would give you. now. The people are not listening to these sophisticated arguments. They’re saying, President’s Domestic Agenda ‘‘Do not saddle these young kids with more and more debt.’’ And so we’re going to try Q. What will you do after you win your it. election? The guys in the back of the bus are get- The President. After I win? Well, you ting not equal opportunity on these ques- mean the very first thing? [Laughter] Take tions. So you might have to just come up a little time off. [Laughter] No, but what to the front, or just if you put your hand I’ll do is—and I think I’ll win; I really think up and you’ve got a loud voice, we’ll try so. It’s funny out there right now. But there some back there. Go ahead. is so much we need to do in the country, and this is one of the prime things, better Vouchers for Private Schools education. I feel strongly about it. Q. Mr. President, when if ever can private You know—what grade are you in? Fifth school and Christian school parents ever ex- grader. Well, it wasn’t long ago that every pect to see some type of tax credit? fifth grader in this country went to bed from The President. Well, I think what—we’re time to time very much concerned about frankly having a little difficulty getting this what? Nuclear war. Now, thank God, be- idea of vouchers, which is essentially a cred- cause of my predecessor I think gets credit; it, through the Congress. But we’re going other Presidents get credit; I hope I’ll get to keep on because it is part of our America a little; we’ve helped change the world. The 2000 program. I think there’s less resistance changes are dramatic. There no longer is to it. But I’ll be honest with you; I just a Communist monolithic enemy. You don’t don’t know the answer as to when it’s going probably worry about it. You don’t have to happen. I think our administration with drills where you have to hide under your our six education goals and our America desk, wondering what would happen if 2000 program are on the right track in this there was a nuclear war. We’ve got a lot regard. I’m going to keep pushing for it be- of blessings. We can thank our God for the cause I think it makes good sense. blessings, the changes toward world peace.

829 May 27 / Administration of George Bush, 1992

So that’s been some good that’s hap- old kid, for example, is going to have an pened. You don’t hear much good these abortion. I feel, of course, a parent should days, but that’s something very good. What be involved. But that matter is being adju- I’d like to do now is to take that energy dicated in the courts right now. and that emphasis that helped bring about But my position is clear. I think it’s cor- that kind of change, after, you say after I’m rect. And there’s room for a lively debate elected, and then try to move forward in out there; you get plenty of argument on the field of anticrime; move forward in the it. But I come down on the—err, if you’re field of education; move forward in the field going to err, err on the side of life. And of health reform—not to put in a socialized that’s the way I feel. medicine program but to—where everyone has access to insurance through pooling and through various ways of doing it. I’d like to work for a society where we love each Local Control of Education other more and sue each other less, and Q. Mr. President, as an educator for 21 that means putting some caps on these li- years, what can you do to help us to elimi- ability claims. nate the enormous amount of paperwork in- But there is so much to do as President. volved in education so that we who want There are so many things to work on and to be good and positive role models for kids so much to do. But those are just some can get on about that business? of the priorities that I would try to work The President. Well, you touched a real very hard on if I’m lucky enough to win. nerve because we have now just redoubled Religion in Public Schools our efforts to cut down on the regulatory Q. Can there be Bible in public schools? burden, not just paperwork, which is enor- The President. The answer to that is, I mous and where we’ve got to do better, don’t think so. I still favor voluntary prayer but on a lot of excessive Government regu- in the public schools. I believe in that, and lation that stifles many small businesses, for I think there will be. [Inaudible]—in the example. Constitution. But prayer in school on a vol- I know educators feel that they are untary basis, I simply can’t understand why swamped when you’re dealing with Govern- it’s not permitted. In the Senate, and heav- ment funds on paperwork. But one of our en knows they need it—[laughter]—but in approaches is to get away from these man- the Senate and in the House, they open dated programs where some subcommittee with prayer every single day, and nobody chairman, some old curmudgeon that might complains about that. have been there forever, has some idea So my position is well-known, and I say about the way it used to work 40 years ago this. and insists on saying, if you want Federal Way up in the balcony. Yes, sir. You. I money—happens to be your money—but if can hear you. you want Federal money, you’ve got to follow these certain guidelines and fill out 23 Abortion reports. Q. I want to thank President Bush on Our whole approach on America 2000 is behalf of the—[applause]. I’d like to know to let the decisions be made at the local if you have any plans to eliminate abortion? level. And some schools might say, ‘‘We The President. Well, yes, because we’re— want 8 hours a day;’’ another might say ‘‘6 well, of course, this is a matter that is en- days a week’’; another might say ‘‘11 months shrined in law. My position is, as you say, a year’’; another might say, ‘‘Let’s try the is publicly stated. And I think the matter other way; back off and have less school now is in the courts. And I do, I worry time, more required homework.’’ But let the very much about the mounting numbers of American people decide that in their com- abortions. One of the cases before the Su- munities, as close to home as possible. That preme Court now relates to whether a par- will take care of the problem you asked. ent should be notified if a child, 13-year- What’s this guy, what have you got?

830 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / May 27

Family Values going on in the world in terms of what she’s Q. President Bush, where do you stand being taught. on the issue of the traditional family unit? My question has to do with the Haitian The President. The traditional family? refugee situation. Earlier this week the Gov- Well, I guess everybody looks at his or her ernment announced a policy of repatriating own experience. Barbara Bush and I have Haitians back to Haiti. On the surface, Mr. been blessed with growing up in what you President, that policy seems to run contrary might call a traditional family, a family to what America has stood for over the past where a mother and dad are there, and they couple hundred years, in that Americans give love to a child. So I am, I guess, what opened their arms to all ethnic groups and you call a family values man. different classes who sought to free them- But where you don’t have that, where a selves here in America from oppression in kid, a little child comes into the world and their homeland. Could you please explain doesn’t have the father—the father may why a policy was warranted to repatriate those Haitians? have run away, not even there to know the The President. Absolutely. And it’s a very name of the child—somehow we then have good question. The answer is this: Yes, the to help that little kid. I told it earlier, every Statue of Liberty still stands, and we still kid ought to have somebody that knows his open our arms to people that are politically name. It should be the parent, should be oppressed. We cannot and, as long as the two parents. If not two parents, it ought laws are on the book, I will not, because to be one parent. If it can’t be that, there’s I’ve sworn to uphold the Constitution, open got to be a mentor. There’s got to be some- the doors to economic refugees all over the body who cares, somebody who loves that world. We can’t do that. child. We’re having a border crossing coming And on traditional family values where in from Mexico in unprecedented numbers. you can have the welfare system so it does We’re trying to, not to be mean about it, not encourage a husband and wife to live but we’re trying to say, ‘‘Listen, we’ve got apart. We’ve got to change it. We’ve got to live by the laws of this land.’’ to make it so these kinds of traditional val- It is my understanding that the vast ma- ues have a chance to work in this troubled jority of the refugees—and they’re being society of ours. screened; they’re now going to be screened So I’m not ashamed about talking about at the Embassy; they were being screened family values and traditions of that nature. at Guantanamo—are economic refugees. We’ll keep on doing it, and I think it’s be- There was one guy that was thrown out ginning to resonate. Because as I told Dr. twice and vowed as he left the Coast Guard Walker and some others earlier, when the cutter the second time, ‘‘I’ll be back in a mayors of these cities, a lot of cities, came week.’’ There are merchants in Haiti today to see me, including Mayor Bradley of now- advertising almost like bounty, ‘‘Pay us $500 troubled Los Angeles, they said, ‘‘The thing and you can climb into my unsafe boat and that concerns us most about trouble in the set out across the ocean,’’ knowing that out cities, the most single cause is the decline of compassion the United States Coast or defamation of the American family.’’ Guard would save them. We’ve got to find ways to strengthen it. We have to control our own immigration policy. We’ve got to do it with compassion. Haitian Migrants We’ve got to do it under the law, though. Q. Good evening, President Bush. My So what I’m saying to you is, we are not repa- question is a little different from what we triating willfully people that are fleeing politi- have been talking about this evening, about cal oppression. Part of our policy on Haiti, family values and education. It has to do and we’re taking a leadership role in the OAS, with the fact that, as we educate our daugh- is to return Mr. Aristide, who was democrat- ter here at Mount Paran, one of the things ically elected, to Haiti. We want him back we try to do as parents is to try to also there. And if we don’t do that—I would educate our daughter in light of what is say this, add this peripherally—if we

831 May 27 / Administration of George Bush, 1992 don’t do that, that sends a bad signal to North American Free Trade Agreement those who might be plotting coups in other Q. Mr. President, I’m an eighth grader, parts of our hemisphere, which, thank God, and my dad is concerned that American jobs is almost totally democratic today. will be going to Mexico and South America So our policy is, I think, the right policy. as a result of the American free trade policy. I think we do have to control—some accuse Will this happen? it, incidentally, of being a racist policy. I The President. Well, I think your dad, would vehemently deny, that is not the case, with all respect, and don’t tell him this, is because these people have every right to wrong. I happen to believe that a fair trade be screened. We’ve accompanied this pro- agreement will result in more American gram now, so we will not be faced with jobs. I happen to think—we’re talking here the numbers of leaky boats, with giving ad- about compassion and economics—I hap- ditional food aid to Haiti. We will continue pen to think that if the free trade agreement with our sanction program, and we will con- helps Mexico, as well as helping the United tinue to try to get Mr. Aristide returned. States, it’s a good thing. I don’t believe in protection. I believe in Frankly, the numbers as of yesterday fair trade. I believe the NAFTA, the North were down of the people fleeing. I still American free trade agreement, will result worry about it because some will get by in better jobs and more jobs for the United and some will die on the sea because they States of America. If we’re successful in this are being—it’s like a magnet to them, these NAFTA agreement that your dad asked advertisements that ‘‘we’ll get you to Guan- about and Canada stays in the deal, which tanamo’’ or ‘‘we’ll get you to Florida.’’ We’re I’m sure they will, we’re talking about a bound by our laws to screen people prop- $5 trillion market. And this is enormous. erly, to protect people’s rights. But we are And that means prosperity for lots of fami- not bound to have an open policy where lies. everybody in economic deprivation around So please tell your father that we are not the world can come to the United States. talking about exporting American jobs. I don’t think that should be our policy, and We’re talking about creating new American it’s not. jobs. If in the process we create a more So I worry about it. I worry about the prosperous Mexico that can do more about appearance of it to some. But I’m glad you its environment, can do more about its raised it because it’s the first chance I’ve standard of living, so much the better. Mex- had since the new order to fully explain ico has a wonderful new President, Carlos it. I am convinced that the people in Haiti Salinas, and he has done wonders with Mex- are not being physically oppressed. We’ve ico. I believe that this fair trade agreement got all kinds of ways to monitor that situa- not only is in his interest, but what I’ve tion there. A returnee, for example, a guy got to look after, is it the interests of the that’s taken from Guantanamo and sent United States of America. I am absolutely convinced that it is, because free trade is back, I would not want on my conscience far better than turning inward to some kind that that person having fled oppression, any- of protection. one that was fleeing oppression, would be I wish I had it on the tip of my tongue victimized upon return. the numbers of jobs in Georgia that depend So I think I can say to you they’re not on American exports. It is enormous. And being oppressed. Political refugees, where we ought to keep opening, knocking down they’re caught up in this political turmoil, barriers, like our GATT agreement and get- are being screened and have been admitted ting a successful conclusion to the Uruguay and will continue to be admitted to the round, knocking down barriers to American United States under our laws. But under trade that will come with the North Amer- the other part of our laws, economic refu- ican free trade agreement. gees will have to come in under the quotas So I am a free but fair trader. I think designated under the law. protection shrinks markets, and I think our So there it is. policy will increase jobs and markets.

832 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / May 27

Listen, thank you all very, very much. Mount Paran Christian School Board, who acted as moderator for the session. A tape Note: The President spoke at 5:46 p.m. in was not available for verification of the con- the school gymnasium. In his remarks, he tent of these remarks. referred to Pastor Darrell Rice, chairman,

Statement by Press Secretary Fitzwater on House of Representatives Action on Energy Legislation May 27, 1992

The President is pleased that the House lines, and streamline the nuclear powerplant of Representatives, in passing H.R. 776, licensing process. today made progress toward adopting a Although pleased with the progress, the sound national energy strategy. President noted that the House bill need- This legislation implements several key lessly locks up some of America’s best pros- elements of the national energy strategy the pects for domestic oil and natural gas pro- President presented to Congress in 1991. duction and restricts State prorationing au- It promotes energy efficiency and increases thority, thereby interfering with the ability the use of renewable and alternative energy of States to properly regulate production of while providing much needed alternative their own gas resources. While there is minimum tax relief for independent oil and much work to be done, the President be- gas producers. This bill would also foster lieves this bill forms a welcome bipartisan competition in wholesale electricity markets, reform the regulation of natural gas pipe- basis for moving to conference.

Appointment of Eric D.K. Melby as Special Assistant to the President for National Security Affairs May 27, 1992

The President today announced the ap- national Energy Agency in Paris (1980–85). pointment of Eric D.K. Melby as Special He has also worked for the Agency for Assistant to the President for National Secu- International Development and was a Peace rity Affairs and Senior Director for Inter- Corps volunteer in the Philippines. national Economic Affairs on the National Mr. Melby received his B.A. from Haver- Security Council staff. ford College and his M.A. and Ph.D. from Mr. Melby has served as Director for the School of Advanced International Stud- International Economic Affairs on the NSC ies of the Johns Hopkins University. He is staff since September 1987. Prior to joining married to Pamela Tripp Melby and has two the NSC staff, he served as Special Assistant daughters, Alexandra and Sarah. to the Under Secretary of State for Eco- nomic Affairs (1985–87) and with the Inter-

833 May 27 / Administration of George Bush, 1992

Remarks at a Bush-Quayle Fundraising Dinner in Atlanta, Georgia May 27, 1992

Thank you all so very much. And Jim, people don’t understand that, don’t believe thank you for sharing this highly successful that yet. But it is moving stronger. And the dinner. I’m deeply appreciative. Thank you new feeling of confidence, the figures of also for the introduction. May I thank Kath- confidence out today I think send a wonder- leen Bertram, who rendered the national ful signal to all of America. anthem with such beauty and such feeling. So we’re beginning to see things changing Thank you very much. To Dr. Tomlinson, after a long, dreary period of recession and thank you, sir, for the invocation. A Con- economic gloom. And I think that’s good gressman from here, but I believe from this because I think of our country as what I particular district, Newt Gingrich, is up— said a minute ago, something strong and the House is in session tonight, but good. We are not a declining America. And Marianne, his wife, is with us. And I wel- that’s the message I’m going to be taking come her and pay my respects to our dep- to the country this fall. uty leader up there, Newt Gingrich. I might also add that we’ve got a lot to May I salute Bobby Holt, who is our na- be grateful for in terms of international af- tional Bush-Quayle finance chairman, a fel- fairs. Look at what’s happened in Eastern low Texan, and he’s done a superb job in Europe. Look at the decline and fall, the getting us this far along the way. Also Fred collapse of international communism. Look Cooper, who is our Bush-Quayle State at the fact that ancient enemies are talking chairman, political chairman, and did a su- to each other for the first time in history perb job working with so many of you in in the Middle East. Look to our south and the primary. We had a fantastic turnout in see a hemisphere that is almost totally a year that some were quite critical of, and democratic. And look at these little kids and I was very, very pleased for the result of say they go to bed at night without the fear that. And next to him, of course, a guy that of nuclear war that their older brothers and deserves an awful lot of the credit for that, their parents did. And that is something our State chairman, Alec Poitevint. He did good and something we can be very, very a marvelous job. And he’s doing a great job grateful for as Americans. for the party. May I also thank Krishna And so I would say, tipping my hat to Srinivasa for his wonderful work. He has my predecessor and to other Presidents: energized, along with some of the other Yes, we have changed the world. And we leaders here, the Indian-American commu- did it because people like the people of nity, great loyal Americans, and doing a su- Georgia stood behind us in terms of a perb job. And thank you very, very much. strong defense and recognizing that the na- Someone once described the people of tional security of this country was absolutely Atlanta as ‘‘pressing forward, grasping the essential. We’ve helped change the world, future, shaping something strong and good, changed it dramatically, and now we’re and yet acknowledging and taking pride in working to change America. That’s what I heritage.’’ Well, I believe that certainly does wanted to talk to you about tonight. apply to Atlanta. But I also believe it applies We are working for free trade. I just came to the American people. And I frankly think from a wonderful Christian school out here, the American people are a little bit sick and private school, and they asked me the ques- tired of this 90 seconds of gloom and doom tion about the free trade agreement. The every night on the top of the television kid read the question and said, ‘‘Well, my news. dad thinks that we’re talking about sending Things are moving forward in this coun- jobs overseas or sending jobs to Mexico.’’ try. The economy is moving forward. The I said, ‘‘Well, tell your dad he got it regrettable part is that a recent survey I wrong.’’ He’s got it backwards. What we’re saw said that 70 percent of the American trying to do is create more American

834 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / May 27 jobs through free trade and fair trade. That I think the time has come for legal re- is the policy of this administration. And that form. We’re suing each other too much and is what Georgians understand because you caring for each other too little. And we need have thousands of jobs that depend on to get some caps on some of these out- American exports. We are not going to go rageous liability claims, malpractice claims. protectionist in this country. I might say It is too much. The lawsuits are going out parenthetically, I want a successful conclu- of sight. I want to see that changed, and sion to this NAFTA, this North American I think we ought to get that done. free trade agreement. I want a successful We did a little history, looking up for conclusion to the GATT round, the Uru- these remarks, and 200 years ago to this guay round of GATT. And we’re fighting very day Jefferson put it this way, Thomas to get both of those concluded, and that Jefferson: ‘‘The natural progress of things is in the interest of the American workers is for liberty to yield and government to as well. We’re fighting for health care reform. I’m gain ground.’’ Two hundred years ago. And not talking about nationalized health care. I’m now saying it is time to draw the line. I’m not talking about socialized medicine And the philosophy that draws us together where the great quality of American health does exactly that. It keeps the empower- care is diminished because of Government ment with the people. It keeps choice with interference. I am talking about a health the people. care plan that, through changing the way The need for change was brought trag- insurance works, pooling of insurance, gives ically to focus in Los Angeles, in the Los access to those who have no insurance at Angeles crisis. And we moved in fast. I am all and yet keeps the quality of American very proud of the way the Federal bureauc- health care at the top of the heap. And racy moved on that one, with FEMA out that’s exactly what our health care proposal there and SBA and all the loans and health will do. I believe it’s going to work. and food. All these considerations were We’re challenging the old thinkers in the taken care of fast, including federalizing the United States Congress to help us, to the National Guard and putting the 7th Army degree the Federal Government is involved, and some of the Marines out there to keep reform our education system. I think the the peace. We cannot condone that kind time has come for parental choice in of reckless, terroristic behavior, no matter schools. It works at the college level, and how bad the conditions in any city in Amer- it can work at the lower levels as well. Pa- ica. So we moved to restore order, and we rental choice: Revolutionize American edu- now have a six-point plan for change, dra- cation, not by having some subcommittee matic change. in Washington mandate benefits but by lit- Some of these critics, some of these lib- erally keeping the Government out of the eral doctrinaire thinkers in Washington say, way and keeping control next to the Amer- well, there’s nothing new about these ideas. ican people, as close as possible. Our whole And I’ll say they’re all new because they America 2000 education program is based on that concept, that local communities and haven’t been tried by a Congress that has families know better what to do about edu- its head in the sand. Here’s what we’re talk- cating their kids than a bureaucracy in ing about, our urban agenda: Washington, DC. And we need your help ‘‘Weed and Seed,’’ a brand new program to get that one through the Congress. to weed out the criminal elements and seed I’m a little remiss; I might add this when the communities with hope and opportunity I’m talking about education reform: You’ve and education. got a great man running for the United The second one, enterprise zones. Every- States Senate in Paul Coverdell. You get place I went in Los Angeles, people were him up there and six or seven more like saying, whatever walk of life, not just the him and give us control of that Senate, and business community but those that are these new ideas are going to get a chance. working with the kids in the communities, They are going to get tried. enterprise zones is an idea whose time has

835 May 27 / Administration of George Bush, 1992 come. What we’re talking about is changing enacted. the tax structure so businesses can take a And then the last one, which is a little chance and locate in these underprivileged longer range because it takes a while to get areas, drawing jobs like a magnet to the it implemented, is the program I mentioned inner city. We believe it ought to be tried. in the beginning, America 2000, this revolu- And we believe the best answer to poverty tionary approach to how we educate our is a job with dignity in the private sector, kids in the United States of America. not some Government program. I’ve asked the Congress—when I came The third one—we’ve been working on back from Los Angeles I said, look, can’t it for a long time, rebuffed sometimes by we do this: Can’t we lay partisanship aside; Congress, but I’m determined to keep fight- can’t we just put it off the radar screen ing for it—homeownership. Isn’t it better for long enough to enact these six programs to have housing managed by the tenants, or something like them? Can’t we do it and for people then to go on to own their without having to make a statement and own homes, than it is to grow up in some raise taxes, or go out and add to the Gov- project with no dignity and no hope of grab- ernment spending that is already breaking bing that piece of the American dream the back of this country? And I’m hopeful which is represented by owning your own still that the answer will be yes. I can’t guar- home? We are for homeownership, and antee it, but I’m going to keep on fighting we’re going to keep fighting for that one. for these principles. The fourth one is welfare reform. And If you look to the core of these proposals, there’s some cynics out there. Some of the they are themes that all of us can agree great editorialists will say anytime I talk on, no matter what side of the aisle you’re about welfare reform, I’m playing a race on. Responsibility, opportunity, ownership, card. That is not true. The people that are independence, dignity, empowerment: hurt the worst, those that are impoverished These aren’t partisan values. These aren’t the most, are some in our minority commu- liberal or conservative. These are plain, solid nities. And what we’re trying to do is change it, to offer learning, to offer workfare as American values, and we have a duty to opposed to the indignity that comes with make them real for those who have not yet the status quo. grasped the American dream. A little girl saved over $1,000—her family We’re not going to be able to spend our being on welfare—and the system was so way out of these problems. We’ve tried that tough and so much of a penalty that they for too long. And we’ve got to remember came along and tried to say that her mother these are not Government dollars. These could no longer get welfare because she’d are taxpayers’ dollars. And when it comes managed to squirrel away a little over to the deficit, horrendous as it is, let’s re- $1,000 to save for her education. We’ve got member who foots the bills, our children to reform the welfare system so it encour- and our grandchildren. The time has now ages people to save money, it encourages come to enact something that I’ve favored families to stay together. And it isn’t race. for a long, long time, and I am talking about It is what is right and decent for America. a balanced budget amendment to the Con- And I’m going to keep fighting for that one. stitution of the United States. The next one is Job Training 2000, a one- You’re already having people tell you why stop shopping program that I announced it can’t be done. And I am telling you it right here in Atlanta, Georgia. It’s a good will work. Obviously, it has to be phased program for job training. It brings in all in. It will discipline the executive branch, the areas of the Government that have but it will darn sure discipline the branch something to do with it, and there are quite of Government that spends and appro- a few. One person that needs job training priates every single dime, and that is the can go to this one outlet and get advantage United States Congress. We have to do that. of what’s available in the field of job train- And while we’re talking about Govern- ing. It’s a good new program, and I think ment reform, another thing I’ll be taking to we have a good chance to get that fully the American people this fall is the case to

836 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / May 28 give me what 43 Governors have, the line- try. It’s going to show that we’re simply not item veto. Let’s see if we can’t cut some of doing enough in terms of reading to these this pork out of the Federal budget. kids or requiring that the kids learn to read We’ve got a lot of cynics that are saying, in schools. The kids are watching over 3 ‘‘You haven’t tried to do anything about it.’’ hours of television a day and reading less And I said, look, take a look at the budget than five pages a day. That is wrong. And that’s up in Congress right now that puts you can’t legislate, but we’ve got to keep a cap on the growth of mandatory spending. talking out and saying the way to do this A President does not have control over the and help these kids is to have strong family mandatory spending programs. They’re al- values. And one of them is that the parents ready there, and they don’t have to be ought to read to their kids and take an in- changed each year. They just go right out terest in them in the schools. of sight. I am suggesting that we put a cap, You’ll notice I haven’t mentioned my op- not cut them but put a cap on the growth ponents tonight, not one of them. And I’m of those spending programs, and that will just getting warmed up on you, though, reduce the deficit enormously. And we’re about the message because, you see, I be- going to fight for that principle, painful lieve that these values that I spelled out though it may be in certain quarters. here tonight are sound. I believe the pro- Now, so far I’ve talked to you about what grams that I’ve talked about here tonight Government can do. But Government are are new. And as I say, we have changed not going to solve the problems all by our- the world, and now we’ve got to bring this selves. It cannot get done. And you might kind of change to the United States of ask yourself, well, what keeps a kid in America. school? What keeps a kid off the streets? And I can’t wait for the fray in the fall. What keeps a kid off of drugs? And it isn’t As for now, I’m trying to run this country, the Government. It is the family. I am very and I’m trying to get things done for the concerned about the decline of the Amer- American people. But lest you think I’ve ican family. And I am determined, through lost the fire, I’m ready. I am ready to take exhortation and sometimes through legisla- this case to the American people. Let them tion, to find ways to strengthen, not weaken, keep punching out there for another 2 the American family. We have to do it, and months. But after the convention, with you I believe we can. at my side, we are going to win this election, Barbara Bush is right—not all the time, and we’re going to win it going away. Amer- but she’s right on this—[laughter]—when ica is a rising Nation, not a declining Na- she says what happens in your house is tion. Don’t listen to the pessimists trying more important than what happens in the to get my job. They don’t know what they’re White House. And the longer I am your talking about. President, the more convinced I am that God bless you all, and many, many that is a sound and solid message for all thanks. of the American people. And we’re going to try. We’re going to try to strengthen family through welfare reform. We’re going to try to get the fathers, the deadbeat fathers who run away and bear Note: The President spoke at 7:18 p.m. in no responsibility to the mother left to raise the Grand Ballroom at the Stouffer Waverly the children, to do what they’re supposed Hotel. In his remarks, he referred to Jim to do. Edenfield, dinner chairman and Bush- Let the cynics who want to design some Quayle ’92 Georgia finance chairman; Ed- mandated program out of Washington; we, ward Tomlinson, senior minister, Northside Barbara and I, will continue to encourage Methodist Church; Alec Poitevint II, Geor- to get parents to read to their children. gia Republican Party chairman; and There’s a new report coming out tomorrow Krishna Srinivasa, event cochairman and out of the Department of Education that’s member of the board of governors of the going to be a little worrisome to this coun- Georgia Republican Foundation.

837 May 28 / Administration of George Bush, 1992

Statement on Signing the Child Abuse, Domestic Violence, Adoption and Family Services Act of 1992 May 28, 1992

Today I have signed into law S. 838, the visory Board on Child Abuse and Neglect ‘‘Child Abuse, Domestic Violence, Adoption recommend changes in Federal law to im- and Family Services Act of 1992.’’ The Ad- plement a national policy on child abuse ministration strongly supports reauthoriza- prevention. I must view this provision as tion of the programs covered by this Act. advisory rather than mandatory, in order to A child’s physical and mental well-being avoid conflict with my exclusive authority is a crucial element in the achievement of under the Constitution to decide whether his or her potential. Unfortunately, over one and when the executive branch should pro- million children per year suffer because pose legislation. they do not receive adequate care and sup- GEORGE BUSH port. Reauthorization of the programs in this Act will help prevent child maltreat- The White House, ment and provide assistance to children in May 28, 1992. need. The Act, however, contains an objection- Note: S. 838, approved May 28, was as- able provision—a requirement that the Ad- signed Public Law No. 102–295.

Statement on Denying Use of United States Ports to Vessels Trading With Haiti May 28, 1992

I have today directed the Secretary of the not at the Haitian poor. We are continuing Treasury and the Secretary of Transpor- to provide substantial, direct humanitarian tation to deny the use of American ports assistance to the people of Haiti and are to ships that violate the trade embargo working to intensify those efforts. Our cur- against Haiti. This action is being taken in rent programs total $47 million and provide support of the resolution adopted by the food for over 600,000 Haitians and health Organization of American States on May 17, care services that reach nearly 2 million. which calls on OAS member states to deny While tightening the embargo, we will con- port facilities to vessels trading with Haiti tinue to encourage others to ship food sta- in disregard of the OAS embargo. ples and other humanitarian items to those The United States remains committed unin need. The action that I have directed equivocally to the restoration of democratic will not affect vessels carrying permitted government in Haiti. We will continue working in close concert with our OAS allies items. toward a negotiated settlement of the politi- We are expanding opportunities for Hai- cal crisis that began with the overthrow of tians who fear persecution in their home- President Jean-Bertrand Aristide last Sep- land to apply for admission to the United tember 30. In addition to today’s action, and States as refugees with our Embassy in in accordance with the recent OAS resolu- Port-au-Prince. The Embassy has been re- tion, we are examining other steps to tight- ceiving such applications since early Feb- en sanctions against the illegal regime in ruary, and all persons who believe they may Port-au-Prince. be qualified are urged to avail themselves Our actions are directed at those in Haiti of our expanded refugee operation in Haiti. who are opposing a return to democracy, I have asked the Department of State to

838 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / May 28 ensure that Embassy personnel will also be plicants in other parts of the country in pur- available outside Port-au-Prince to assist ap- suing their claims.

Statement by Press Secretary Fitzwater on Humanitarian Assistance to Refugees in Yugoslavia and the Caucasus May 28, 1992

The United States will contribute $9 mil- will go to the International Committee of lion for humanitarian assistance to refugees the Red Cross (ICRC) in support of its ef- and displaced people in the former Yugo- forts to aid the victims of the terrible con- slavia and $4 million for humanitarian assist- flict now raging. ance to victims of conflicts in the Caucasus This $9 million contribution is in addition region of the former Soviet Union. This in- to earlier contributions this year of $7 mil- cludes the new Republics of Armenia, Azer- lion. The United States also launched an baijan, and Georgia. emergency airlift of food and other relief The situation in the Yugoslav former re- assistance to aid war victims in Bosnia- publics has created the largest movement Hercegovina. Five planes flew into Sarajevo of persons in Europe since the end of carrying blankets, food, and medical sup- World War II. The total number of refugees plies. and displaced persons in Yugoslavia, accord- The United States contribution for victims ing to United Nations High Commissioner of conflicts in the Caucasus will be given for Refugees (UNHCR), has now reached to the ICRC in support of its humanitarian 1.3 million. Over 480,000 persons, mostly aid to war victims, refugees, and other vul- Slavic Muslims, have fled Bosnia and this nerable groups, especially in Armenia and number is growing daily. Six million dollars Azerbaijan. Over the past 2 years, the of this contribution will go to the UNHCR Caucasus has experienced an increase in in support of its programs to assist refugees ethnic strife leading to armed conflicts in and displaced persons, especially those in the Nagorno-Karabakh region of Azerbaijan Bosnia and Croatia. Three million dollars and in the South Ossetian area of Georgia.

Nomination of Anthony Cecil Eden Quainton To Be an Assistant Secretary of State May 28, 1992

The President today announced his inten- State of Kuwait, 1984–87; and as U.S. Am- tion to nominate Anthony Cecil Eden bassador to the Republic of Nicaragua, Quainton, of the District of Columbia, a ca- 1982–84. Ambassador Quainton has also reer member of the Senior Foreign Service, served as Director of the Office for Com- class of Career Minister, to be Assistant batting Terrorism at the Department of Secretary of State for Diplomatic Security. State, 1978–81. He would succeed Sheldon J. Krys. Ambassador Quainton graduated from Since 1989, Ambassador Quainton has Princeton University (B.A., 1955) and Ox- served as U.S. Ambassador to the Republic ford University (B.Litt., 1958). He was born of Peru. Prior to this, he served as Deputy April 4, 1934, in Seattle, WA. Ambassador Inspector General of the Department of Quainton is married, has three children, and State, 1987–89; U.S. Ambassador to the resides in Washington, DC.

839 May 28 / Administration of George Bush, 1992

Nomination of Henry Lee Clarke To Be United States Ambassador to Uzbekistan May 28, 1992

The President today announced his inten- From 1980 to 1981, Mr. Clarke served as tion to nominate Henry Lee Clarke, of Cali- Officer-in-Charge of Trade and Industrial fornia, a career member of the Senior For- Policy in the Office of European Regional eign Service, class of Minister-Counselor, to Political-Economic Affairs for the U.S. De- be Ambassador of the United States of partment of State. America to the Republic of Uzbekistan. Mr. Clarke graduated from Dartmouth Since 1989, Mr. Clarke has served as Eco- College (A.B., 1962) and Harvard University nomic Counselor of the American Embassy (M.P.A., 1967). He was born November 15, in Tel Aviv, Israel. Prior to this, he served 1941, in Fort Benning, GA. Mr. Clarke as Deputy Chief of Mission at the American served in the U.S. Army, 1962–65. He is Embassy in Bucharest, Romania, 1985–89; married, has two children, and resides in and Economic Counselor at the American Turlock, CA. Embassy in Moscow, U.S.S.R., 1982–85.

Nomination of Edward Hurwitz To Be United States Ambassador to Kyrgyzstan May 28, 1992

The President today announced his inten- ern Europe at the Department of State, tion to nominate Edward Hurwitz, of the 1988–91; Counsel General at the American District of Columbia, a career member of Consulate in Leningrad, U.S.S.R., 1986–88; the Senior Foreign Service, class of Min- and Charge´ d’Affaires at the American Em- ister-Counselor, to be Ambassador of the bassy in Kabul, Afghanistan, 1983–86. United States of America to the Republic Mr. Hurwitz graduated from Cornell Uni- of Kyrgyzstan. versity (A.B., 1952). He was born March Currently Mr. Hurwitz serves as Deputy 21, 1931, in New York, NY. Mr. Hurwitz Examiner of the Board of Examiners for served in the U.S. Army, 1953–55. He is the Foreign Service in Washington, DC. married, has two children, and resides in Prior to this, he served as Director of the Washington, DC. Office of Analysis for the U.S.S.R. and East-

Nomination of Donald Burnham Ensenat To Be United States Ambassador to Brunei May 28, 1992

The President today announced his inten- Since 1989, Mr. Ensenat has served as tion to nominate Donald Burnham Ensenat, managing director of the law firm of of Louisiana, to be Ambassador of the Hoffman, Sutterfield, Ensenat & Bankston, United States of America to Brunei APLC in New Orleans, LA. Prior to this, Mr. Darussalam. He would succeed Christopher Ensenat served with Camp, Carmouche, et H. Phillips. al. as managing director, 1985–

840 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / May 28

88; director, 1983–88; and as an associate, February 4, 1946, in New Orleans, LA. Mr. 1980–82. Ensenat served in the U.S. Army, 1968–74. Mr. Ensenat graduated from Yale Univer- He is married, has two children, and resides sity (B.A., 1968) and Tulane University in New Orleans, LA. School of Law (J.D., 1973). He was born

Remarks to the American Legion in Phoenix, Arizona May 28, 1992

May I thank our great Senator John themselves and often of their lives in places McCain for that introduction and single out whose names we all know, from the Ar- our Governor, Fife Symington. Greetings to gonne, Normandy, Da Nang, and of course, all the commanders on the dais, Tony most recently, in the Persian Gulf. Think Valenzuela, Don Silva, Don Gentry. Thanks of our kids and our grandkids. They have to our master of ceremonies, Joe Abodeely. inherited your bequest of faith in the coun- And it’s great, of course, to see Everett Al- try, in family, in democracy, in God. They varez here. And I’d also like to take this can never repay the veterans, all of you, opportunity to thank Bob Stump, the Con- for what you’ve done for freedom. gressman from Arizona, the ranking Repub- From the time the torch of liberty was lican on the House Veterans Affairs Com- first lit in America, veterans have shed their mittee. He has worked hard up on Capitol blood to make sure that it would never go Hill for the veterans of this country. I’m out. And that’s what this campaign must be very sorry he couldn’t be with us today, but about, what we’ve got to fight for, enlist I have great respect for his work. our hearts and minds for: to ensure people It’s not normal that I’m standing up here choice for the schools, for example; for soci- with three—maybe you’re used to it in this ety, pluralism; for God’s children, the free- great State of Arizona—but three winners dom to go about their lives, their daily lives, of the Congressional Medal of Honor stand- free of fear. ing here. It really says something. I salute Freedom can let us vote as we want and all of them. pray as we choose. Freedom can ensure the And I’d like to think in some cross-sec- legacies for our kids of family, peace, and tional way that people out here in this audi- jobs. Above all, freedom can secure what ence and standing behind me represent, at we fought for, Guadalcanal or Inchon or least for today, more than 26 million veter- Hue City or Kuwait City: a world where ans. It’s great to be back here. An old saying liberty’s tide is coming in. It’s running in, goes, ‘‘Save the best for last.’’ Well, today just as tyranny’s tide is running out. we’re saving the best for first: The first cam- I renew my pledge today in this opening paign coalition to be announced for our to do all that’s humanly possible to account campaign, Barry Goldwater, its honorary for our comrades that are missing from the chairman, John McCain and Everett Alva- past wars. As long as I am President we rez, its national chairmen, and that is the will never forget those POW’s and MIA’s. Bush-Quayle ’92 National Veterans Coali- Another pledge: As we move to a post- tion. They’re going to be good and strong, cold-war defense force, we cannot forget to and I’m glad to have their support. take care of our military and civilian men Now, I hope you know why I insisted the and women who worked and fought so hard veterans be first to be unveiled. You know to ensure that freedom and democracy how service has preserved the values that would prevail. For them, we will continue make and keep us strong. John touched on to work together to make sure that Amer- that in that wonderfully generous introduc- ican veterans receive quality health care that tion. You know how veterans have given of is second to none.

841 May 28 / Administration of George Bush, 1992

Now, there is a benefit to the end of the they know that only a strong America can cold war, and that is that there will be sub- preserve the humanity of peace. I am proud stantial defense savings made possible in of these men and proud that they have this new environment. However, it is my agreed to help me. And I thank you for conviction that this transition must be man- your support. I hope to be worthy of your aged in a rational manner. First, we’ve got prayers. to achieve an orderly reduction in our Thirty years ago, Douglas MacArthur put forces. We’re talking about 25 percent over it well. Returning to the plain up at West the next 5 years. That is substantial. Point, he gave a speech to the cadets. ‘‘The But as John McCain can tell you, there soldier,’’ he told them, ‘‘above all other peo- are people in the Congress that want to take ple, prays for peace, for he must bear the everything out of defense and out of the deepest wounds and scars of war.’’ national security and shift it over to some You’ve all been soldiers in the crusade mandated program from Washington. Some of freedom, and this year I ask you to reen- have called for far deeper cuts than we list and help keep America what Lincoln have, and I reject this approach. As I told called ‘‘the last best hope of Earth.’’ For the graduating midshipmen down in Annap- 200 years our veterans have fought for what olis yesterday, never in the history of man is right and what is good, and I ask you has the world been a benign place. There to help me defend those values. And I thank is no substitute for America’s strength, and you from the bottom of my heart. no substitute for our sense of purpose. I I am very happy that the young kids now am not going to let the Congress gut the go to sleep every night without the fear, muscle of our defense. that constant fear of nuclear war that the Next, Secretary Cheney and I are mindful generations before them had. I think that’s of our obligation to treat defense and uni- a significant and a major accomplishment. form employees and their communities fair- And Barbara and I have—I was going to ly. Our plan already includes spending more say 10—I think it’s 12 grandchildren. than $7.1 billion to address defense transi- I take great pride in that fact, that in tion over the next 2 years. And today I’m some way perhaps my Presidency was a part proposing a number of additional programs, of all of that. But that is there. Now we’ve including new GI bill benefits and an ex- got to keep this movement towards freedom pansion of job training, employment, and and towards peace around the world going other educational opportunities. We’re forward. We’ve got to do it. With your help, going to dedicate more than one billion ad- I’m confident we can do it for the next 4 ditional dollars through 1996 on these vital years. defense transition activities. Whether Many, many thanks to all of you. they’re working as teachers in an elementary school or as environmental engineers, I am committed to ensuring that the vast talents Note: The President spoke at 4:55 p.m. at of these former defense personnel can be the American Legion Luke Greenway Post. put to productive use in private life. In his remarks, he referred to Arizona State With us today are talented and capable commanders Tony Valenzuela, American men and women who believe in this new Legion, Don Silva, Veterans of Foreign world of freedom. No one needs to tell Wars, and Don Gentry, Disabled American them about the inhumanity of war. Instead, Veterans.

842 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / May 28

Remarks at a Fundraising Dinner for Senator John McCain in Phoenix May 28, 1992

Thank you all very, very much for that finish speaking. [Laughter] But seriously, we welcome. May I pay my tribute to Jim do have to head back out to Los Angeles, Click. He’s been a staunch supporter of the be sure we’re following up the way we Republican cause for a long, long time, and should there. I’m very grateful to see him again and grate- But I’m glad to have this opportunity to ful for that introduction. Of course, I’m express my appreciation to our Senator, and proud to be at the side of John McCain I say ‘‘ours’’ because Barbara and I feel like and his wife, Cindy. I want to salute two he’s just part of us, Senator John McCain, from our Cabinet: Secretary Lynn Martin, for his help in fighting against that pork our Secretary of Labor over here, who’s barrel spending back in Washington and for doing a superb job, job training and a wide his leadership and support for the line-item array of other issues; and then our irrepress- veto. He is a man of principle. John, your ible Secretary of HUD, who is going with leadership has been absolutely invaluable. me as we head back out to Los Angeles, And when I see it I say to myself, if only but a man who is doing a superb job in we had control of the United States Senate. this concept of homeownership, giving peo- On budget, on taxes, on health care, on the ple a part of the action, Jack Kemp, our needs of older Americans, John McCain’s Secretary of HUD. And may I salute Gov- efforts mean so much to me and so much ernor Fife Symington and Ann; and of to our country. They, of course, mean an course, a special warm abraso for Barry and awful lot to the great State of Arizona and Susan Goldwater; and our chairman, Jerry to all Americans. You are lucky, indeed, to Davis; Pastor Jackson, whom I’ve been priv- have him in the Senate, and we must have ileged to be with before; Everett Alvarez, him back come fall. who today was announced as one of our And of course, special tribute to Senator cochairmen of our veterans effort, a great Barry Goldwater for his half-century of American. principled, and I use that word advisedly, Brenda High, appropriately named for the principled service to our great country. way she did that ‘‘Star-Spangled Banner.’’ What a record of achievement. What an ex- It was outstanding. You can’t help but be ample. What an accomplishment. Fifty years stirred when you hear a rendition like that in public service, and underlying it all, char- of our great national anthem. And thanks acter and integrity totally intact. I am proud to the—where is the band? I can’t see to be his friend. I am grateful for his sup- them, but I understand you’ve got a great port. There have been some tough times Chaparral High School band over here. in my political life, and one of them was Thank you for your music. And thanks to 4 years ago. Barry came up there, suited Shannon Marketic, Miss U.S.A., for the up, got on a long flight and flew up to New pledge. And out with us in the audience, Hampshire and bailed me out. I’ll never, a guy I visited with earlier on, a true Point ever forget it. Not out of jail, but out of of Light, Kevin Johnson of the Phoenix some political hot water up there. [Laugh- Suns, and all he does for the young people ter] out here. And then another old friend who How about this backdrop? I like it very I had a chance to greet earlier on, Joe Bugel much, not only as a great art work, but com- of the Cardinals, a great guy and a great ing from a city where Congress spends so sportsman. And I’m proud to see him. much money, it’s always good to see some- So it’s a pleasure to be back, and I’m thing in black ink. [Laughter] sorry Barbara’s not here. And I will apolo- It was Barry who put it this way, ‘‘Those gize; they told me that broccoli is on the who do not have courage want complicated menu, and I’m out of here as soon as I answers.’’ Well, Republicans are courageous

843 May 28 / Administration of George Bush, 1992 people, and our solutions to America’s prob- gious schools for their children, I might add, lems are simple and effective, not com- our America 2000 initiative for education: plicated out of a maze of redtape. While it is new; it is revolutionary, and it doesn’t the Democrats put their faith in adding new mandate it from Washington. It says let the bricks to the old bureaucratic programs, and communities, let the States, let the families they try to do it every single day up there have a say in deciding what kind of edu- in the Congress, we Republicans are focus- cation is best for our own children. ing on leaving our children and grand- And yes, we are opening more and more children three fundamental legacies that are doors of opportunity for Americans. And integral to their own future: Strong families now we must address ways that we can to sustain individuals, to nurture and en- strengthen our national spirit and return to courage children, and to preserve our Na- tion’s character and our culture; and then, the bedrock principles, faith, family, that number two, peace, in our schools, on our made our Nation great. I would hate to be streets, and yes, all around the world; and taking a case to the American people in the then, third one, jobs, both for those who fall that was predicated on everything being are seeking work and for graduates entering bad, that the only way you can win is if the work force. the country’s going to hell in a handbasket. I might add, at long last our national We are America, and we are moving for- economy is beginning to move. It’s recover- ward. And by fall we are going to show ing, and consumer confidence, you might them that the positive message of change have seen it yesterday, is starting back up, is the message of hope for the American is returning. people. These legacies, all of them don’t always John McCain and I have the responsibility translate into sound bites, but they are defi- to provide the leadership that we need, the nitely sound policy. Senator Barry Gold- country needs, to get back to sound prin- water and Senator John McCain have both ciples upon which our Nation was founded, been at the forefront in helping to establish principles that helped make us the world’s these legacies and in building a sound Re- leading Nation and principles that gave us publican policy, policy that sees problems a standard of living that is the envy of the as something more than excuses for new centralized, mandated programs. This is the entire world. message I will be taking to the American The cynics say that social conditions are people in the fall, and this is the message too bad to turn around. And the skeptics that is going to win for us not only the say that faith and ideals are puny and incon- White House but control of the Congress. sequential when put up against the prob- You watch and see, now. lems that we face as a Nation. Well, I think What we are trying to do is to offer inno- they’re wrong. I believe, along with Calvin vation and change. American industries lead Coolidge, ‘‘there is no force so democratic the world in growth and efficiency. America as the force of an ideal.’’ I believe that the is the world’s leading exporter, producing forces of character, of compassion, and $422 billion worth last year alone, $422 bil- goodness will ultimately triumph over the lion. Over the past 5 years, our exports have forces that can only tear down and destroy. supported 7 million jobs. These are impres- Tonight, as soon as we finish here, I’m sive accomplishments, a record of economic going to be going back to Los Angeles to growth and international competitiveness to check on the progress of Federal aid efforts make any country proud. out there and to expand on my ideas for an Instead of excuses, we’re offering edu- urban agenda, an agenda of hope and op- cation. More than one of four American portunity in all our cities. I might say I am workers has a college degree; another 20 very proud of the rapid response of our percent have at least a year of college. Through this program we’ve got, the break- Federal Agencies to that crisis out there: the-mold school program, and parental the Army, the Marines, there to restore law choice and choice for public, private, or reli- and order; the SBA and HUD and Labor

844 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / May 28 and FEMA and Agriculture and HHS and ics out there on the Democratic side are others, too. They responded fast. We did it saying, ‘‘These aren’t new. You proposed in a coordinated way, and all of them did them before.’’ They are new because they very, very well. have not been tried. We need people who But I am less proud of the fact that the will put the best interest of the Nation first Congress has not moved on our program and foremost. to bring instant hope to the cities, not just There are other problems that Govern- Los Angeles but the cities all across our ment alone cannot reverse. At the top of country, on enterprise zones or on the other the list is action to restore the American proposals that we’ve made that would in- family. Simply put, our children cannot stantly bring hope to the cities. I challenge dream the American dream when they are the Congress right here and now: Please living a nightmare. Look at a few brief and take action. Let’s set the partisanship aside sad facts. In comparison with other industri- for just long enough to get something done alized countries, the Census Bureau found to help people in this country. that the United States has the highest di- So let the others out there take their mes- vorce rate, the highest number of children sage of pessimism. They say that America’s involved in divorce, the highest teenage best days are behind us. The truth is that pregnancy rates, the highest abortion rates, our Nation stands at a pinnacle of achieve- the highest percentage of children living in ment that is unmatched. We are the un- a single-parent household, the highest per- questioned leader of the free world, which centage of violent deaths among our pre- now includes more countries than ever be- cious young. These are not the kinds of fore. All those new democracies are looking records that we want to have as a great to America, to the United States of Amer- country. ica, for leadership. Our Federal Government, of course, we Yes, there is much left to be done in our have responsibilities. As President, I’ve got own country. But many of the changes that we are pushing are stuck up there on Cap- responsibilities in all of this. We must do itol Hill. There was no one who wants to more. We must do what we can. The Amer- work cooperatively with Congress any more ican people must do those things that Gov- than I do. And from my very first State ernment cannot do. Government can and of the Union Address I held out my hand must provide school choice, but parents and said, ‘‘The people didn’t send us here must read to their kids and instill a love to bicker; let’s try to get something done.’’ for learning. Government can and must I don’t think there’s anyone, I might say, fight crime, but fathers and mothers must who has been a better friend up there on teach discipline and instill values in their Capitol Hill than John McCain because he children. Government can and must foster understands these principles. He advocates American competitiveness, but parents must them, articulates them. We bent over back- teach the kids the dignity of work. wards to try to get the liberals who control To paraphrase that great philosopher of the Congress to support our efforts to re- the silver hair, Barbara Bush—[laughter]— form, reform programs that simply are not what you teach at your house is more im- working anymore. We’ve tried to change portant than what happens at the White things that aren’t working. Now the time House. And she is absolutely right about has come to change the control of the that. United States Congress itself and watch this So we’re a country that has a lot of prob- country move forward. lems, big problems. But I am absolutely There is a mood for change. There was convinced we can solve them. We have laid talk in all of them. The Nation needs an the groundwork, and we’ve developed infusion of fresh, new Republican Congress- sound plans. We can transform America men and Senators who will be statesmen, into the Nation we all want her to be. like Barry Goldwater, like John McCain, It hasn’t been much fun in the political leaders willing to try out new ideas. We un- arena lately. We’ve been hammered out veiled this plan for the cities, and some cyn- there a little bit. Somebody said that builds

845 May 28 / Administration of George Bush, 1992 character. I said, I’m a little long on char- convinced we’re going to win this election. acter and looking forward to a change. We are going to win it. We’re going to But let me tell you this. I am quietly con- transform our problems into challenging op- fident about the election this fall. In sum, portunities to realize the American dream. I am absolutely convinced as this economy Thank you for your fantastic support for moves back, as we sort out where everybody our great Senator. May God bless you, and stands on these highly complex issues, when may God bless the United States of Amer- the country assesses the fact that we are ica, the freest and greatest country on the at peace and that our children go to bed face of the Earth. Thank you very, very at night with less fear of nuclear war—and much. that is a major accomplishment of which I am very proud to have been a part—and Note: The President spoke at 6:23 p.m. at it’s when we get in focus the agenda, see the Phoenix Civic Plaza. In his remarks, he who wants to pass this agenda of hope and referred to Jim Click, Bush-Quayle Arizona opportunity and who wants to stifle it, when finance chairman; Gerald Davis, chairman, we take forward the values that you and Arizona Republican Party; and Richard I believe in to the American people again Jackson, pastor, North Phoenix Baptist this fall on family and faith, I am absolutely Church.

Remarks at a Disaster Application Center in Los Angeles, California May 29, 1992

The President. Let me just say, if you can get back on your feet. The only other point hear this, why, I want to thank Ava. Where’s I’d make, Pat and Ava and Maurice, is the Ava? Ava, get over here; we’re talking about spirit of some of the people I’ve talked to, you guys, you and Maurice. like that last lady, who have had a rough Ms. Hagen. Oh, are we in trouble? go, I mean, a really rough go. She still re- The President. No, we’re talking about tains that faith that she’s going to make it good things about both of you and about somehow, and that’s pretty good. I don’t Pat Saiki here, the head of SBA. I have know if that’s typical of the people who been very pleased to learn and to be re- have been afflicted so adversely or not, but informed, actually, that the SBA has moved it’s a wonderful thing to hear somebody say, faster in trying to help people in this in- ‘‘With God’s help, I’m going to make it.’’ stance than at any time in its productive So what we’ve got to try to do is help, like history. I congratulate not only the leader- in your case and those who are really trying ship of SBA but the volunteers and those to make it. that have come in, professionals from all So that’s the message I’ll take away. We across the country, to help. will keep trying very hard to assist. And I’m FEMA has been responding very fast. very grateful to Pat Saiki here, who is sen- And the thing that has impressed me as sitive to these requirements. I’ve gone along here is, I do see a sense Ms. Hagen. We just want to thank every- of coordination. Before I leave, I expect body for their help, sensitivity, and the ra- some will tell me we need to improve things in some way, but I’ve been very pleased pidity in which they responded. that the Federal Government, which some- The President. Yes. How is the feeling in times can be very insensitive, has moved the communities in terms of future tran- fast in this regard. quility, peace? I mean, is there a determina- It’s nice to be sitting next to somebody tion there that this won’t happen again and that might share my view at least on that all that kind of—— point because it is so important that you Q. There is a determination now to re-

846 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / May 29 build and get started once again. And every- Rico even, Niagara, yes, Texas. Putting in one is—[inaudible]. We have sat here the a plug for the Texans down here. [Laughter] last 2 days and have shared more with each No, but it’s good. It’s a good thing. other about our businesses—[inaudible]. Q. One more group to meet down there. Q. [Inaudible] The President. There’s one more stop The President. That is wonderful. Yes, you down there? All right. Good luck to you know, the approach was to try to coordinate now in your business. Lots of luck, sir. it. We’ve got all these different Agencies, Mr. Robertson. Sent a T-shirt to you. and I think there are now 10 of these— The President. Did you? Wait a minute, I thought it was 7; it’s up to 10 now—of you gave me a T-shirt, I’ll give you my— these centers. The Federal Government can here, take that, souvenir. If she makes you be so complex because there are so many put on a tie, why, you can wear that. Okay. different Agencies, and we’re trying to get Ms. Hagen. Thank you very much. it in what is called this one-stop shopping The President. Well, good luck. I’ll get mode, yes, one-stop shopping mode. If it out of here. just continues like that, I think we can move faster. Note: The President spoke at 10:35 a.m. at Q. [Inaudible] Harvard Recreation Center. In his remarks, The President. Well, best of luck to you, he referred to Harvard Disaster Application to you all. And I’m impressed with the fact Center managers Ava Hagen, Federal Emer- that some of these people that come in to gency Management Agency, and Maurice help, to help fill out the forms, are from Robertson, California Department of Social all across the country, Atlanta or Puerto Services.

Exchange With Reporters Prior to a Meeting With State and Local Officials in Los Angeles May 29, 1992

Q. Sir, why do you think you’re running Q. Are you deliberately waiting, sir? third in recent California polls? The President. I’m not going to take any The President. Hey, John [John Cochran, questions. You didn’t hear what I said in NBC News], we’re not taking any questions the beginning. I want to find out from these today. people how the effort is going, Federal, Q. No? State, local, to help people that have been The President. This is a nonpolitical visit. hurt. And that’s what this is about. And if I’ve heard some very encouraging news I get diverted talking about these other sub- about Federal cooperation and working with jects, it isn’t going to help anybody. So, let’s the State, localities, private sector. And I’m try to keep it on that basis. Thank you very out here to try to follow up on a visit to much. see if we can be of further help to the peo- Q. Do you think the drive for the urban ple in this area. So, I prefer to keep it on agenda is losing steam in Congress, though? that basis and thus will not be able to help Q. Mr. President, are you optimistic about you, as I wasn’t able to help you yesterday— Mr. Ueberroth’s Rebuild L.A.? Are you op- [laughter]—different setting. Thank you timistic about what he—— very much. The President. Anything he tackles, he can Q. ——about politics, sir? When are you get done. That’s the way I look at it. going to start defining the—— The President. After our convention, I think we’ll start working on that. Q. After the convention? Note: The exchange began at 11:08 a.m. in

847 May 29 / Administration of George Bush, 1992 the Grecian Room at the Biltmore Hotel. Peter Ueberroth, chairman of the Rebuild In his remarks, the President referred to L.A. Committee.

Remarks to Town Hall of California in Los Angeles May 29, 1992

Thank you, Lod, for that very warm and As you may know, at the outset of the very generous introduction and welcome riots I pledged to do whatever was nec- back to Los Angeles. May I greet our essary to restore order. And I ordered the Mayor, Tom Bradley, Governor Pete Wil- federalization, after consultation with Tom son, and single out two of your former Gov- Bradley and Pete Wilson, of the National ernors, one sitting on the left and the other Guard and dispatched several thousand on the right of mine, read nothing into that Federal law enforcement officials to L.A. politically—[laughter]—George Deukmejian We also had several thousand troops stand and Pat Brown. It’s a great pleasure to see by for any emergency, 7th Army and the both of them. And may I single out Pat Marines. And I’ve been pleased to hear that Saiki, our head of SBA; and our fine Sec- that swift response did a great deal to sta- retary of HUD, Jack Kemp, who is trying bilize, help stabilize I should say because to do an awful lot to help over here, Jack, the LAPD and others were out there help- a fellow Californian. And to Adrienne and ing as well, certainly the sheriff’s depart- the others who are officials here with Town ment, help stabilize an explosive situation. Hall, thank you for giving me access to what We were also able to get disaster relief I am told is one of the most prestigious to Los Angeles in record time. Seven relief forums in all of California. centers opened in the first week after the This morning I was over in South Central rioting, three more a few days later. We talking with some of the people that are have now 10. Housing assistance checks trying to restore that neighborhood, put it were being mailed to applicants within 3 back together. We have a long way to go. days. And the SBA, and I would again credit But let me say this: I was really struck by Pat Saiki, with us today, was able to approve the progress that’s already been made in loans in weeks instead of months. Within bringing this great city back. And I was 3 weeks the first checks were cut, and that struck by the spirit of those individuals that is a record for this kind of disaster assist- were there, not as spear carriers from some ance. Our response was massive; it was TV shot, but were there actually filling out quick. And to my team, led by David the loans. And these were people that had Kearns and Al DelliBovi, and to all the peo- been devastated by what happened, and ple who made it work, my thanks for a job there they were with faith in God and with very well done. the spirit that they could make it back. I I am proud of what the Federal Govern- wish everybody could have seen that. ment was able to do, but there should be Now, this remarkable effort has brought no misunderstanding: Federal assistance of- together Federal, State, and local officials, fers no reward for rioting. This help has and most importantly, thousands of volun- been directed to the victims, not to the per- teers, churches, and neighborhood groups. petrators of the violence. To the criminals I think we’ve seen enough of the horrible who subjected this city to 3 days of terror images over and over. And my plea is, how and hate, the message has got to be un- about some of the wonderful things going equivocal: Lawlessness cannot be explained on? Yes, Los Angeles will come back. And away. It will not be excused. And it must with all due respect, I hope the media will be punished. tell this heartening story loud and clear and In the starkest possible terms, this tragedy give it as much attention as the looters and made clear the great unfinished business rioters received just a few weeks ago. that we face as a Nation. We’ve got to strike

848 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / May 29 a new course. We’ll rebuild our cities. And is not about wasted money; it’s about wasted we can, but only if we learn the lessons lives. of what happened here. Now, what are the The fact points to this second lesson, lessons? Some people tell us that the hope- then, of Los Angeles: For those left behind, lessness in urban America is a simple matter the system itself is broken. We won’t fix of economics, of jobs. Others say, no, the it with a simple increase in Federal funds. answer lies in tougher law enforcement, You don’t pump more gas into a car that safer streets. This is a false choice, really. doesn’t run. You lift the hood up, roll up Of course, the best antipoverty program your sleeves, and get to work. We need to is a job. A job provides more than money; overhaul the engine. So we start with the it teaches dignity and self-reliance, the first most basic question: How has the system rungs of the economic ladder. And more failed? What went wrong? The American than that, it gives them hope. But jobs don’t dream is based on the belief that if you get created in a wake of a crime wave. The get a good education, find a job, work hard, first lesson of L.A., then, is a simple one. raise a family, save for the future, you will The primary duty of government is to pro- prosper. Our free economy, in which the tect the safety of lives and property. There important decisions are made by the people can be no opportunity, no hope in a com- themselves, makes this possible. munity where decent citizens are held hos- But decent people in the inner cities, par- tage to gangs of criminals. ticularly those with low incomes, labor I know perhaps more acutely than any- under an entirely different set of rules, body here that this is a campaign year. And some laid down by the lawless, others laid every time someone mentions crime or law down by government. As the bureaucratic and order the accusations fly about ‘‘playing power of government has grown in the the race card.’’ Let me just say, stop right inner cities, the power of the residents there there. There is nothing racist, there is noth- to shape their own lives, to make the impor- ing divisive about protecting decent people tant decisions, has steadily gone down, from crime. Some say it’s playing politics. steadily declined. The system operates on Well, they’re wrong. Playgrounds overrun an unspoken premise that Americans who by gangs, senior citizens locked behind tri- live in depressed neighborhoods are simply ple-bolted doors, or mothers shot through incapable of making the decisions that other open kitchen windows: this isn’t the Amer- Americans make every single day. And it ica we want. Making neighborhoods safe assumes they’re unable to take advantage isn’t politics; it’s just plain, simple decency. of the same opportunities that Americans And it’s the right thing to do. have always used to better their lives. And That fact points to the second lesson of worst of all, worst of all, it presumes they Los Angeles. Other people say that our don’t even want to. That’s wrong. That’s not urban problems are only about money, taxpayer money, your money. They tell us the compassion; it’s condescension. It is pater- solution lies in ever-higher Government nalism. And there’s no room for that in spending. Well, this, I think, is another false America. choice, more Federal money versus less, as Think how the system works for families if the problems of our inner cities are sim- in the inner cities. They find their choices ply the result of a lack of Federal funds. and opportunities restricted at every They’re not. And let’s be clear about this: turn—— Over the last 25 years, we have spent the Audience member. Mr. President, Mr. staggering sum of $3.2 trillion on our social President—— welfare system. And the fact is, in hopes The President. Can I finish, and then I’ll of eliminating poverty, we spent more be glad to hear from you. Okay, thank you. money in the eighties than we did in the Audience member. Mr. President, Mr. seventies, more in the seventies than in the President, from Paul J. Myer. Paul J. Myer, sixties. For all of the good intentions, decay your best buddy. This is for you. and despair have only seeped deeper and The President. Thank you, sir. An unusual deeper into our inner cities. But the tragedy way to deliver the mail, but I’ll be glad to

849 May 29 / Administration of George Bush, 1992 receive it. I know Paul J. Myer. Thank you reluctance of investors to bring capital and very much. credit into your neighborhood. No wonder Audience member. I apologize for—— the system doesn’t work; no wonder it The President. No, that’s all right. No, no breeds irresponsibility and despair. It rejects problem. a fundamental principle of a free society: Audience member. I apologize for ruining People will act responsibly if they are given the party. responsibility. And it is also true, people The President. No, no, you’re not ruining won’t act responsibly if they are denied re- anything. sponsibility. Audience member. But it’s an important So this third lesson, then, is the simplest message. I have waited 7 years to get you of all. If we have the courage to act, we that message. I am from the community, can fix this system. But we have got to start okay. I have received the benefit of a mes- right now. We have the right principles, and sage that you gave to Mr. Paul J. Myer, we’ve developed a straightforward plan, a or gave for him, 11 years ago, an idea which plan for a new America. First, it makes gov- revolved around a concept called ‘‘Realize ernment services, especially law enforce- Your Full Potential.’’ ment, more responsive. Second, it returns The President. Yes. the decision-making power to individuals Audience member. And I emerged from and communities and gives them a stake the community a very successful in their own future. Now, why will it work? businessman—— Audience members. No, stop. No, no—— Because it takes what works for the rest Audience member. And I think everybody of America and brings it into the inner cit- in the community needs these benefits of ies. And that is long overdue. these bigger ideas, concepts, and precepts. In the wake of the riots, I met with the And ladies and gentlemen, please forgive congressional leaders of both parties at the me, but that just had to be said today. White House, and I presented them with Thank you very much. the new American plan. And we talked; I Audience members. Sit down, sit down. think we found common ground. We agreed The President. Okay. Now, wait a minute; that the need for action was urgent. That it’s all right. I know the man he’s talking was 3 weeks ago. Since then, nothing has about. But now, let me start where I was, happened on Capitol Hill. I just met with if that’s okay. I’ll finish. your able Mayor and your Governor and Here’s my point. And he makes a good Peter Ueberroth. I told them I still believe point—struggled, worked to get out of what and I certainly still hope that Congress can I think I’ve been describing as some hope- put partisanship aside, in what I would con- lessness there. But if you live in a public cede is an extraordinarily difficult election housing situation, the government now for- year, and pass this plan now and not pass bids you from owning your apartment, mak- something that they know I cannot sign. ing it a private home, building equity. If And that means doing something important you want to give your kids a decent edu- now for people who need help now. And cation, the government tells you where to it means making this Nation a Nation of send them to school, even if crack dealers opportunity for all our people. have taken over the playground. If you save Let me briefly touch on our plan. First, to send your kids to college, you’re accused we must attack crime with everything we’ve of welfare fraud. If you marry someone with got. And I urge Congress once again to pass a full-time job, you’re penalized with a loss our comprehensive crime bill. The bill goes of income. If you’re still ambitious and try back to the fundamentals: If you commit to open a business, to create jobs in your a crime, you are going to be caught. If neighborhood, you face an informal red you’re caught, you’re going to be convicted. line. Government regulation and capital are And if you’re convicted, you’ll go to jail. already too expensive for our entrepreneurs To redouble our war on crime, we have in the inner city. Add the extra expenses launched an initiative that I think is taking there of job training and security, plus the hold nationwide called ‘‘Weed and

850 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / May 29

Seed.’’ With increased Federal resources, penalties for people that want to work, who we can weed out the criminals from inner want to save, who want to start a family. cities and then seed those areas with a con- Any genuine reform must meet three tests: centration of social services so that crime It must encourage individual responsibility; can no longer take root. it must tie welfare to work; and it must Second, we must streamline the jumble promote and sustain stable family life. Our of Federal job training programs. Our Job welfare system is a travesty, and I am deter- Training 2000 initiative offers essentially mined to help these Governors and help what I saw today in these headquarters out everyone change it. here, these 10. I went to one of them, a Sixth, and I think we’d all agree on this one-stop shopping system for those who one, education reform. Every American want training, but can’t get it now. For ex- child deserves a shot at a world-class edu- ample, talking with Pete Wilson earlier cation. And that means developing innova- today, I let him know of a new $12 million tive schools free of drugs and violence. And Labor Department effort targeted to reit means community support for high stand- build L.A.’s employment base. ards and educational excellence. And it Third point, as Jack Kemp has said so means that whether a family lives in the often, we must turn the red line around inner city or lives out in the suburbs, parent our cities into a green line, to cut the costs should be able to choose their children’s of opening an inner-city business and create schools. jobs. And that’s what this concept of enterprise zones are all about. Now, I know that Now, each of these steps that I’ve out- Tom Bradley agrees with me on that. I lined will work to restore a sense of self- thank him for his strong support. Pete Wil- sufficiency, of personal dignity to inner-city son, the same; he agrees about that concept. residents. Today I’ve talked about the need I thank him for his support. Peter to overhaul our obsolete bureaucratic sys- Ueberroth, who is trying to mobilize the tem, about the fact that the system robs private sector and get new businesses to the poor as well as the taxpayer, about the take a shot at investing in the inner city, need for justice and order on our streets. agrees with me on that point. He is support- But I also believe that there are deeper ing this concept. And as you know, I’ve issues at work here, ones that transcend the asked Congress to cut the capital gains tax present moment. on all Americans. And in America’s inner Now, let’s be honest. The problems we cities, where the need is most urgent, we face cannot be solved simply by adjusting ought to cut it to zero, eliminate it entirely. economic outputs and inputs. Human And that is how you bring real jobs to the beings respond to more than tax codes and inner city. And here’s an open invitation to bureaucratic rules. We are motivated first the mayors of America’s cities and a chal- and foremost by values, by a sense of what lenge to the Congress. I want every Amer- is right and what is wrong. If we are to ican city with a deserving neighborhood, take values seriously, and we must, we neighborhoods with high crime and high should summon the courage to be frank unemployment, to become an enterprise about them. The word ‘‘values’’ is not rel- zone. And I urge the mayors, take your case ative. Values deal in absolutes. They sepa- to Congress, and we will support you all rate right from wrong, virtue from vice. the way. Laws and budgets are not enough. We Fourth principle, and this is a valid one, need a moral and, yes, a spiritual revival is to extend the principle of private property in our Nation so that families unite, fathers into the inner city. And that means home- love mothers, stay together in spite of pain ownership. Our HOPE initiative will offer and hard times because they love their chil- residents the chance to turn public housing dren and look forward to another generation into private homes. Ownership gives people growing up tall and confident in the warmth a stake in their neighborhoods. It instills of God’s love. That woman I saw today, pride and a sense of responsibility for what whose beauty parlor had been ransacked or happens next door and down the block. burned, said, ‘‘I am going to make it. With Fifth, welfare reform to strip away the God’s help, I am going to make

851 May 29 / Administration of George Bush, 1992 it.’’ That was a powerful message, and I learned something that Americans across think people are craving all around this the generations have learned: Traditional world for that kind of spiritual, inner values bring hope in place of despair; they strength. hold the power to transform a neighbor- The Federal Government cannot teach hood, a city, and indeed, a human life. values, but it can create an environment And this is a time of great change for where they take root and grow. In every our country. Change sometimes seems to neighborhood in America, there are well- threaten the most valuable legacies that we springs of traditional values. And when I hope to leave our children: good jobs, was last here in your great city, I had the strong families, a Nation at peace. Changes privilege of meeting with the kids at the breed uncertainty and, yes, skepticism. And Challengers Boys and Girls Club. For those I understand that. But I also understand who haven’t seen it, I expect there are other this: The skeptics won’t do the work that examples, Tom, around your city like it, but needs to be done. People like Lou Dantzler those who haven’t seen this one, you really will. He and every American like him are ought to check it out. The club was founded what make America a rising Nation, a coun- by a remarkable man, a man who flew back try buoyed by the hopes and determination with us yesterday from Washington, being of people who refuse to settle for the status back there to share his experience with peo- quo. Their faith is the best antidote to pes- ple in DC, his name, Lou Dantzler. simism, the surest proof that the best days Now, Lou works day and night, day and of America, the greatest and freest Nation night, to give these kids the values and hab- on the face of the Earth, still lie before its that they have to succeed. And in the us. gym where I spoke there were huge hand- Thank you all very, very much. It’s a printed signs covering the walls. And the pleasure to be with you. signs said: ‘‘Preparation is the key to success.’’ ‘‘Always have a positive attitude.’’ ‘‘Education plus hard work plus discipline Note: The President spoke at 12:10 p.m. in equals achievement.’’ And in this sophisti- the Biltmore Bowl at the Biltmore Hotel. cated age, I suppose some people might In his remarks, he referred to Lodwrick M. find these old home truths a little on the Cook, chairman and chief executive officer, corny side. But I don’t, and I’m sure that ARCO; and Adrienne Medawar, president, Lou Dantzler’s kids don’t either. They’ve Town Hall of California.

Remarks and a Question-and-Answer Session With the Sheriff’s Youth Athletic League in Los Angeles May 29, 1992

The President. Hey, you Dodgers, good got a lot of different feelings now. The re- to see you all. Sheriff Block, may I salute. spect level is still there, but I didn’t realize Did you all meet the Governor of this the extent of what he started, what, way State? Some of you have probably seen him. back in 1972 when the first program started. Where is Governor Wilson? There he is, I think it’s a wonderful thing, and it’s a right there. great example for other communities all Let me tell you all something. I’ve known across our wonderful country. Sheriff Block for a long time, long time, I understand that not only do you get and probably before some of you all were training, physical training, keep up an inter- born. But I have great respect for him. And est in sports, which is fundamental, but that after today, as I’ve seen the dimension of you also are getting the concept from your this program that helps so many kids, I’ve deputies, from the deputies here and from

852 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / May 29 your mentors and those who are giving of a lot more than before I walked in here. their time, that it is important to stay away I don’t know what else to say about what from the drug scene. I was given this pin I’ve learned, except it’s made a big impres- here, and I just think you all ought to listen sion on me. And it is far better to get this carefully to what these deputies and what sense of pride that each of you guys feel these supporters of this program tell you. than it is to be out there drifting around I wish you well. with nobody caring and not really having Somebody just asked me a question over identified what you want to do, not feeling here from the press that travels with us. wanted. The beautiful thing about this place A lot of these guys come with the President is the minute you walk in, you feel welcome. of the United States wherever you go just You feel you’re free to do your best, feel to report on what’s happening. One of them free from any pressures that might exist out- said to me, ‘‘Well, what have you learned side the walls of this place. today?’’ And I told him, well, I think I’ve So, Sheriff Block, to you and everybody learned a lot about human nature. I’ve in this wonderful institution, I support you. learned a lot about guys that are working I salute you, and especially to those adults hard out there on the law enforcement side, that give their time to lift these kids up the sheriff’s department, then taken their and give them a chance. It’s a wonderful, time to help kids, to lift them up and help wonderful thing. them. Now, what I thought I’d do, and we don’t I don’t know how each of you guys feel, have too long because we’ve got to go off but I’ll tell you, I have a sense of gratitude to another meeting, but I thought if any- in my heart for those who were really help- body—maybe we’ve got time for maybe two ing you in sports or in reading or in staying or three questions—because when I go to away from narcotics or whatever it is. I schools: ‘‘What’s it like to be President?’’, think we all owe them a vote of thanks not all that kind of stuff; ‘‘How’s Barbara?’’ Any just for what’s happening in this county but questions? Let me take four questions. Any- for others like them all across the country. body got one? Right there, first one. What’s We call it, incidentally, Points of Light, a you name first? thousand Points of Light, one person help- Q. My name is Nancy. ing another. That’s one of the things I’ve The President. Nancy, shoot. seen today, is this spirit of this wonderful outfit where people are reaching out. I also got a little feeling over in the box- ‘‘Murphy Brown’’ Television Show ing arena about the competitive nature of Q. What do you think about Murphy some of you guys, and that’s good. Competi- Brown? [Laughter] tive sports is very, very important. The kind The President. Good question, good ques- of sportsmanship you learn as well as ath- tion. Well, you know, I’ve got to make a letic ability, that’s good. confession. I haven’t seen it. [Laughter] But I hope you learn a sense of family here, here’s my position on that: The values that and I think you do from talking to the sher- you get here are good, sound values. And iff and talking to the others. They’re talking you know, I think what the Vice President to you of the importance of parents and was talking about was this concept of par- family values and doing things the way your ents loving these kids and all of that. So parents want them done, and that’s good. I haven’t really seen the program, but I do So I’ve learned a little more about that di- know that in terms of the values that you mension. learn here, what we call family values, I’ve learned about the kindness of people whether it’s taught by family or whether it’s that you work with. I bet once in a while inculcated into you by these people, your when you get in trouble you may wonder teachers and all, that’s a good thing. if they’re too kind, but I think I sensed I don’t know whether you feel closer to here a, really, feeling of loving and caring your parents when you go home or not, but for you guys. I think that is very important. if you do, you will have learned an awful lot So I saw that and felt it in my own heart from this place. So that’s about the way I

853 May 29 / Administration of George Bush, 1992 would answer it. why all this is happening?’’ Then you get How about this guy? to some causes, some underlying causes, and you say, hey, institutions like this one Los Angeles is trying to help there. They’re trying to Q. How do you feel about L.A., about teach kids, instead of a bad value of going being out here? in and doing something bad to somebody The President. How do I feel out here? else, a good value of caring for the next. Well, tell me your name. So the riots made a lot of people in our Q. David. country think about both. How do we en- The President. David, here’s the way I force the law, and then how do we encour- feel about it. I’ve got mixed emotions about age these wonderful volunteer programs like it. I feel a sense of hope. I feel a sense this not just here, not just in L.A., but in of wonder at the way these guys help you, other cities across the country? your coach. Who’s your coach here? Do you So it’s a mixed feeling, I think, is the way have a coach, one coach, or who teaches I’d put it. you in here, any one person? How about this guy? Q. I guess. The President. Well, is it a woman or a Sports man? Q. A man. Q. What is your favorite sport? The President. See, that guy, he’s helping The President. Favorite sport? you. I think to myself, now, here’s a guy, Q. Yes. he could be doing anything he wanted prob- The President. Let’s see. I’d say baseball. ably outside here, but he’s giving of his time Any of you guys play soccer? Soccer? Any- to help you. So I have a sense of gratitude body play that? Not many, so few. I used about that. I sometimes have a sense of the to play that in school. I played basketball problems because the sheriff told me of in school. I played baseball. And I’ll tell some of the problems that are faced in the you something—this may not be interesting neighborhoods here of drugs and crime. So to you because I see a lot of Dodgers suits, it’s a mixed feeling being here. and I don’t see many Angels. But our son But I’ll tell you one thing. I’m leaving has a team called the Texas Rangers. That’s here with a sense of hope that this city is my boy George, and I’m very proud of him. going to make it, and it’s because of kids He’s the boss of that team, and they are like you. You’re learning good values, and in first place. I say that with all respect you’re doing good stuff. That’s the kind of to the California Angels. mixed feelings I get. So I like baseball very much. I like to Over on this side. go to the games. I got to know some of Q. How do you feel about the L.A. riots? the players, like Nolan Ryan—why, you talk The President. Very good question. The about a great athlete. question is, ‘‘How do you feel about the L.A. riots?’’ Native Americans Well, you know, you don’t feel it as close Q. What kind of things are being done when you don’t live in the neighborhood, about the American Indian? but when you see it you feel a sense of, The President. David? Well, I think that this is bad. This is a terrible thing when we ought to give plenty of help to those somebody will destroy someone else’s prop- people, and I think we are. I think edu- erty, break up somebody else’s business, cation is terribly important on the reserva- wantonly threaten somebody else’s life. You tion. I think we can do better on it, al- feel that right away. And I automatically feel though I think we’ve got some good edu- we’ve got to support our law enforcement cational programs. Such a broad question community. They are working for you. In that it’s pretty hard to answer. I think a sense, they’re working for me and for ev- everybody’s entitled to their rights, that’s erybody across this country, keeping order. how I’d answer it. Then you say when you see it, ‘‘I wonder What’s your name?

854 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / May 29

‘‘Weed and Seed’’ Program So I think what I’d say is, I like my job, Q. [Inaudible] and I’m working hard in my job. And I’m The President. About the riot thing? Kind doing my best in my job. But if you get of like I told him. I think you’ve got to a little criticism, you get a little grief out have respect for the law. I don’t think, no there, don’t let it get you down. Just do matter how much some guy’s hurting, that better. Just do better. he ought to take the law in his own hands Yes, last one, this guy. and violate somebody else’s property, some- Audience members. Awwwwww! body else’s right, somebody else’s house, The President. Well, hey, listen, I said 4, somebody else’s business. and it’s been 40. Go on now. Then you have to have programs. We’ve got a program, and it’s got a funny name Los Angeles to it. It’s called ‘‘Weed and Seed.’’ The sher- Q. How do you feel about the troubles iff knows what I’m talking about. That’s a in L.A.? Federal program. It comes out of Washing- The President. About what? ton. But it’s going to have ramifications for Q. The troubles in L.A. a lot of communities. The concept is to The President. That’s a pretty good ques- weed out the criminal elements and then tion, and I got close to answering it. The to seed the neighborhoods with hope. This guy wants to know, what are you going to program does exactly that, seed the neigh- do about the troubles in L.A.? Well, what borhoods with hope. we’ve done to start with is to bring a lot Two more. Okay, you got it. I saw this of Federal programs in to help, starting loan guy. He must be tired because he showed programs to help people get their busi- me how he was working out. nesses back, starting emergency programs to help people reconstruct their houses The Presidency where they’ve been done grief. This ‘‘Weed Q. Do you think it’s fun to be a President and Seed’’ program is a good thing. when people give you a hard time? [Laugh- But the main thing we’re trying to do is ter] pass what we call, this is complicated, enter- The President. That’s a good question. In prise zones to bring businesses, through tax case they didn’t hear it, the question is, ‘‘Do breaks, right into the south central L.A. area you think it’s fun to be President when peo- or other areas where there hasn’t been ple are giving you a hard time?’’ [Laughter] many jobs. That’s the answer for guys a lit- That’s a good question. It’s fun to be Presi- tle older than you, to create a climate where dent. It’s a challenge to be President. It’s businesses will come near here, right near a great big job, and you kind of feel, well, here to open up. So that’s a big objective I’m going to try to help people, or I’m going we have that would help in the cities. to try to keep the world at peace. And you Hey, you had one. We can’t—I really meet interesting people and all that—the have got to get out. There was one, the big problems across the country. guy was a real insistent guy right here. Here But I’ll tell you this about the part that it is, because the sheriff says I’ve got to you asked about, about when people give get out of here. I know he feels that way. you a hard time. You’ve got to learn some- This guy here, he’s been very patient. Yes, thing. When you lose something in sports, you, the guy up here, Karate Man, and I learned this lesson from being President, who—another one was here. Right up here. when you lose something in sports, you That’s the final one. Yes, go ahead. can’t get all upset about it. If somebody criticizes you because you do something that President’s Life in the White House they don’t like or something, you just try Q. What is your life like? to do better. You can’t let it get you down. The President. My life, my life like? The So there are easy times, and there are dif- same as—this may be difficult for you to ficult times. It’s in your life, and it’s in my understand—pretty much the same as what life as President of the United States. a lot of people are. We’ve got 5 kids, and

855 May 29 / Administration of George Bush, 1992 we’ve got 12 grandchildren, one of them— matter what you see, to a fair hearing, a how old are you? Nine. I’m not sure we’ve fair trial. So those are—what did you feel? got a 9-year-old; I think we do. [Laughter] I’m just curious. I get a kick when they come into the Audience member. They were wrong to White House. Have you seen pictures of beat him up. the White House? The President has to The President. Yes, it’s wrong to beat up work there all the time. Sometimes when people. I think that’s a good point. I said it’s quiet, the door opens up. And my grand- that, you know, when I made a speech to children, a couple of them will come run- the country on that point. It’s a good point. ning in, or a dog will come, one of my dogs, Presidential Campaign Millie or Ranger, will come in there. And you feel just like I did when I was a kid Q. How do you feel about running for with the family, you know. President again? Some of it’s personal like that, and then The President. Good question to end on. some of it very serious, when world leaders [Laughter] You’ve got to admit, you guys and presidents and kings and mayors and have to admit there have been no politics governors come to see you. So it’s a mix- in this up until now. And she said, ‘‘How ture. But it’s not that different in how we do you feel about running for President actually live our lives with Barbara and I again?’’ I will only answer it that I’ve got over there in the White House. We try to a lot of work left to do, and I’m going to stay in touch a little and try to keep our try to do what I said over here to this guy: family going, get on the phone and call the Do my best; try my hardest. I think things kids that live in Texas and Florida and all are getting better for some in this country, around the country. Even though it’s very but nobody can relax until you try to help formal and very complicated at times, you everybody. still have the feeling these are the values. So in some ways it’s tough. You’re going You know, when things are tough—my a lot. In some ways there’s a lot of con- mother told me when I was a little guy, troversy; like this guy said, what if you’re younger than you, ‘‘Do your best. Try your getting grief out there. But it’s important, hardest.’’ That advice is good for a kid, and and I believe in this country, and I think it’s good for a President of the United our best days are ahead. I look around this States. room, and I am more confident than ever Now, we’ve got two more. that the best days of our country lie ahead because you’re a great part of our future. Rodney King Verdict Good luck to each and every one of you. Q. How do you feel about the Rodney Thanks a lot. King verdict? The President. The question was, how do Note: The President spoke at 5:30 p.m. at I feel about the Rodney King verdict? As the Lynwood Youth Athletic Center. In his I told the Nation, what I saw I didn’t like. remarks, he referred to Sherman Block, Los I am also very confident that our law, our Angeles County sheriff. Prior to his remarks, system of law in the final analysis is fair. the President attended a briefing on league I’m convinced that justice is done under our activities and toured the center. A tape was system of law. So I didn’t like the pictures, not available for verification of the content but I also feel that everybody’s entitled, no of these remarks.

856 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / May 29

Remarks at the Asian-Pacific American Heritage Dinner in Los Angeles May 29, 1992

Thank you, Governor. And listen, it is a own discipline, sacrifice, and of course, tire- joy to be here. In a sense, it feels like a less quest for excellence. reunion. It’s good to be here with Senator When we were privileged, Barbara and Seymour, who you met earlier, John Sey- I, were privileged to represent this country mour, doing a superb job in Washington. in China, Barbara and I felt strongly that I’m very proud of Pat Saiki, who came out everyone could learn from the Asian culture with us yesterday, the Administrator of the with its emphasis on hard work and family. SBA. Let me just say this, SBA moved faster Like you, we should all strive for the suc- in this situation than in any other situation cess that comes not from luck and shortcuts of this kind across the country. And Pat, but from education and merit. Like you, thank you for your leadership in that regard. we should live by an inner moral compass May I salute my old friend Johnny Tsu that stresses not entitlement but personal here. We go back a long time. Susan Allan, responsibility. In your homes each genera- Matt Fong, one of our most senior elected tion grows guided by values proven by the officials, Inder Singh, Elizabeth Szu, and let test of time. Children revere their parents, me acknowledge this marvelous choir and their parents’ parents, and the wisdom of the fantastic band. I’ll tell you, that was a morality which they embody. In the words great combo. You guys ought to go on the of a Chinese proverb, ‘‘One generation road for ‘‘The Star-Spangled Banner.’’ plants the trees, another gets the shade.’’ Thank you all very, very much. First class. Then, of course, the honorees, the eight In this land, Asian-Americans have cre- that you have selected tonight, the men and ated your own success and become full par- women we honor tonight, and all of you. ticipants in the American dream. Through And what a moving welcome from the 442d this proud determination, you’ve contrib- Battalion, not only the most highly deco- uted to the strength of this entire Nation. rated unit but also a dramatic, inspiring per- Think of the legacies of so many who have sonal story. I’m proud to be with you all enriched our lives, and this is but a handful, to honor the Asian-Pacific Heritage Month. an honor roll of men and women like I.M. On days like this, America celebrates our Pei; Yo Yo Ma, who performed so beau- exuberant diversity. The genius of this land tifully in the White House just a few nights is how we take the bright, varied pieces that ago; Seiji Ozawa; recently we all marveled immigrants bring with them from all over at Kristi Yamaguchi; Michael Chang; Nobel the world and together create the proud, Prize winners Leo Esaki and Yuan Lee; strong mosaic that is America. One passion public servants like the late Spark Matsu- unites everyone who comes to these shores: naga, a dear friend; Hiram Fong; Danny the yearning to reach for a piece of the Inouye; Patsy Mink; S.I. Hayakawa; Ambas- American dream. Millions of people, your sador Julia Chang Bloch. Then of course, parents, or their parents, maybe even some I take special pride in our Federal Agency of you, yourselves, chose to come here, to heads Pat Saiki, Elaine Chao, Wendy the land where we make our dreams come Gramm; men of courage like Ellison true. Onizuka; and Taylor Wang and Damon I think of Quang Trinh, a young Vietnam- Kanuha, who gave their lives for their coun- ese ‘‘boat person,’’ kissing the ground when try in the Gulf war. he arrived and calling America ‘‘Freedom You have contributed more than inspira- Country.’’ Asian-Pacific Americans came tion. We need look no further than your here seeking freedom. You came here want- commitment to the entrepreneurial spirit to ing to work for it, determined to accept only see how you’ve helped our country and the success you could carve out with your helped our economy. You’ve built dreams.

857 May 29 / Administration of George Bush, 1992

You’ve also built jobs. You’ve opened up And even as cinders smoldered, volunteers opportunities for all Americans by bolstering started cleaning and family storeowners economic growth. started rebuilding. You have years of your We look to job-creation leaders like those lives’ work invested in your communities that we honor: Maryles Casto, David Lee, and thousands of years of heritage to guide Bob Nakasone. I told Bob that I’m sorry you. For those not in the devastated areas, Barbara’s not out here because if he ever you have support from the Asian-American runs for anything, Barbara Bush will be his community all across this country. And even campaign manager. I’ll guarantee you that, after all that’s happened, you still take to another great admirer. But another old heart in the old Korean saying, ‘‘After sor- friend over here, Jhoon Rhee; Ram row, joy.’’ Thukkaram; Ted Ngoy; Jang Lee, another The Federal Government will help. We’re man who I saw in action the other day in trying hard to help. I wanted to come back Koreatown; and the late John Fang, rep- here 3 weeks later to see what we are doing resented here tonight by his wife, Florence, to help. I’m proud of our Federal Agencies. another friend of mine. Pat Saiki here came out the day after the Like these, the Asian-Americans’ proud riots and worked tirelessly to expedite relief, hold on the American dream seems secure. especially for small-business owners who are I still believe that today, even after this ter- the heart of your community. We will help, rible tragedy that part of the Asian-Amer- and we’ll be here for you until the sprouts ican community suffered. I went through of a new spring of hope can be seen on Koreatown, and I saw how a community Vermont Avenue. that had been building its roots and reach- America has embarked on a new chapter, ing out for its dreams for 25 years could a chapter of healing. Your Asian-American be reduced overnight to ashes, over 1,600 community shows how to begin. You came stores burned or ransacked in the rampage. to this country to earn your share of the I talked with victims like Helen Lim, who American dream, and you won’t let this said that with each statistic America must realize that ‘‘It’s a life, a human being is tragedy shatter it for you. You remind this suffering.’’ Nation that the Asian-American values, One person told me how teenager Ed- freedom, family, self-determination, and op- ward Song Lee said to his dad that ‘‘the portunity, are the treasures of this land and Korean community needs my help,’’ and the goals of our people. then went out unarmed to protect his In Asia I learned a lot. And I learned neighborhood, only to be killed in the cross- that the phoenix is one of the four sacred fire. I heard of devastation that spread creatures in Chinese tradition. It can be- through Chinatown, Japantown, Vietnamese come for this country the symbol of our and Cambodian neighborhoods in Long healing, for the phoenix is a bird reborn Beach. I was heartsick to see how low hu- triumphantly from its own ashes. manity can sink. But on the same streets, Shopowners in Los Angeles are resurrecting on the same streets, I also saw how high their physical lives right now. Together, let’s humanity can rise. do the same work for our spirit. Americans everywhere condemned the vi- I wanted to be here today not just to olence and the looting. Victimized neigh- speak to those whose close-in community bors, black, Hispanic, Asian-American, came had been victimized but to other Asian- together to renounce darkness and embrace American leaders from California and some healing. The buildings were destroyed but, from across this country. I have great re- you could feel it, not the spirit, not the spir- spect, as I said at the beginning, for the it. The community will rebuild not just to values that unite you all, and I would say, make things the way they were but to make unite us. I really wanted to come here and things better. say thank you for this broad community’s You’ve drawn on your inner strength for proud and very positive contribution to this courage and hope. Thousands of you land today and in the future. marched together to reclaim your streets. May God bless each and every one of you

858 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / May 30 and this wonderful land that we call home, Foundation; Susan Allan, chairman, Pan the greatest, the freest country on the face American Chamber of Commerce; Matt of the Earth, the United States of America. Fong, member, California State Board of Thank you all very much for letting me Equalization; Inder Singh, president, Na- come. tional Federation of Indian Americans; and Elizabeth Szu, coordinator, Asian/Pacific Is- Note: The President spoke at 6:40 p.m. at lander American Coalition. A tape was not the Hyatt Regency at Broadway Plaza. In available for verification of the content of his remarks, he referred to John Tsu, presi- these remarks. dent, Asian American Political Education

Nomination of Robert L. Gallucci To Be an Assistant Secretary of State May 29, 1992

The President today announced his inten- the Multinational Force and Observers in tion to nominate Robert L. Gallucci, of Vir- Rome, Italy, 1984–88. Dr. Gallucci served ginia, to be an Assistant Secretary of State at the Department of State as Office Direc- for Politico-Military Affairs. He would suc- tor for the Office of Politico-Military Affairs, ceed Richard A. Clarke. 1983–84; and the Office of Near Eastern Currently Dr. Gallucci serves as a Senior and South Asian Affairs, 1982–83. Coordinator for the Deputy Secretary at the Dr. Gallucci graduated from the State Department of State in Washington, DC. University of New York at Stony Brook Prior to this, he served as Deputy Executive (B.A., 1967) and Brandeis University (M.A. Chairman for the United Nations Special and Ph.D., 1973). He was born February Commission, 1991–92; professor at the Na- 11, 1946, in Brooklyn, NY. Dr. Gallucci is tional War College in Washington, DC, married, has two children, and resides in 1988–91; and Deputy Director-General of Arlington, VA.

Nomination of Joseph Monroe Segars To Be United States Ambassador to Cape Verde May 29, 1992

The President today announced his inten- uty Chief of Mission at the U.S. Embassy tion to nominate Joseph Monroe Segars, of in Dar Es Salaam, Tanzania, 1986–89; and Pennsylvania, a career member of the Sen- as Consul General of the U.S. Embassy in ior Foreign Service, class of Counselor, to Lagos, Nigeria, 1983–86. From 1981 to be Ambassador of the United States of 1983, Mr. Segars served as desk officer for America to the Republic of Cape Verde. Zimbabwe, Lesotho, and Swaziland in the He would succeed Francis Terry McNa- Office of Southern African Affairs at the mara. Department of State. Currently Mr. Segars serves as a member Mr. Segars graduated from the University of the Senior Seminar of the Foreign Serv- of Pennsylvania (B.S., 1961). He was born ice Institute at the Department of State. January 6, 1938, in Hartsville, SC. Mr. Prior to this, he served as a career counselor in the Senior Officer Division, Department Segars is married, has one child, and resides of State Office of Personnel, 1989–91; Dep- in Washington, DC.

859 May 30 / Administration of George Bush, 1992

Remarks and a Question-and-Answer Session With the Agricultural Community in Fresno, California May 30, 1992

The President. First, let me just thank Lee the Europeans. And they themselves have Simpson, the boys that I met. We had a reorganized their common agricultural pol- chance to look at one method of growing. icy, something that is just going to reduce He was fair enough to tell me that others the levels of subsidies. approach these things in different ways. But But I just want you to know we’re com- I must say, I’ve learned a lot. And it was mitted. I think I’ve a little better feel now most enjoyable, all too brief. But it wasn’t for some of the problems that certain grow- just watching the computer in there; it was ers of certain commodities face in selling, seeing him and his love of the soil and his for example, to Mexico. With Mexico I want boys and all the things that we talk about an agreement, but I want it to be fair. I’m when we think of values when it comes to a great fan of Carlos Salinas, the President farm families. So they had a nice, neat way of Mexico. He’s done a superb job. And of making me feel at home here. it’s not just in working towards free and I want to thank the Governor for being fair trade; it’s the fact that we’re in very with us and our very able Senator John Sey- good sync with the Mexicans in terms of mour. I mean, I’m not here on a political major foreign policy objectives. So I salute mission, but let me just say to you who him. But he knows and I know that we are involved in agriculture, it is nice to have cannot take to the Congress, and I will not, somebody in the Senate who understands an agreement that is not based on free and the real problems facing us and then can fair trade. Our agricultural shipments to bring that knowledge of agriculture down Mexico have increased threefold over the to the White House to be sure we are sen- last few years. That’s good, but we still have sitive. some problems on both sides. He has some I had a chance earlier on with—I’m ac- problems with us. companied by the woman that many of you On the GATT, Ann gives her expertise know, Ann Veneman. I thought it would to this a lot. We had a meeting the other be better coming to a bunch of experts in day with Mr. Andriessen from the EC. I’m agriculture to have some brains with me. told by our very able negotiator, Carla Hills, Mine are good for some things, and I think that we made some progress there, but I have a feel for what we need to do in again, I can’t predict for you when either agriculture. But I certainly don’t stand here of these will be done. as any expert. So I brought Ann in case The last point I’ll make, and then I’ll sit some of you might have technical questions on my little stool and take any questions or where we stand on some specific initia- that come my way and maybe deflect a few tive or other. off of here. But I feel that the United States On the broad agricultural concepts, let economy is beginning to improve. Califor- me simply say I believe it’s absolutely essen- nia’s had some very difficult times. Lot of tial that we have free and fair trade. We defense problems here, as we’ve been able, will continue to seek access to foreign mar- given the demise of international com- kets. We’ve made some progress in beef and munism, to properly cut back on defense. citrus and some things into Japan. There I would say to you in this very patriotic are some big crops that are excluded; we’ve part of the State, I am not going to permit got to keep pushing. I want to see a success- the Congress to cut into the muscle of our ful conclusion to what’s known as the defense. We are able to make reductions. GATT, the Uruguay round of GATT. And But now, especially in a political year with the hangup, as everybody in this room all the promises resonating out there, every- knows, the main one has been agriculture. body wants to take $10 billion here or $20 We’ve made some progress working with billion there and spread it on some pro-

860 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / May 30 gram, and we can’t do that. to do is to get it, through competent and I am the President, and I have respon- sensible appointees, get it confined so it sibility for our basic national security inter- doesn’t go off into the political arena, trying ests. The world is much safer. This little to make a lot of political statements and Redskin fan goes to bed at night with less affecting legislation. That’s not what Legal fear of nuclear weapons than his older Services, if that is what we’re talking about, brothers or maybe his mother and dad did, is supposed to be doing. I think we still and that’s a wonderful accomplishment. But have some appointees not confirmed, but I can tell you, and General Scowcroft, who’s I can assure you we are not going to put with me here today, my very able National any loose cannons rolling around on that Security Adviser, could tell you it isn’t that deck. I hope there’s been changes, but I safe a world. gather we’ve got some work to do. So we’re trying to solidify the progress for democracy and freedom that has been The Economy made. It is major heavy lifting, but we are the only ones who can do it. The United Q. As you know, everybody’s concerned States, we are the undisputed leader of the about the economy, and I was wondering free world that’s moving down the path to if you would sign this dollar bill, showing democracy. So I cite that because I cannot me that you would promise to try to make get in the promise business of taking $10 this dollar bill worth just as much or more billion or $20 billion more from every de- as it is in 4 years from now. fense account, and I’m not going to do it. The President. Yes, let me tell you some- In any event, I do feel the U.S. economy’s thing about the dollar. Let me tell you, one recovering—you saw the growth figures yes- way to take that dollar and make it shrink terday—and with it will surge back the opti- is to let inflation get out of control. The mism that belongs to the United States of cruelest tax of all is inflation. You don’t see America. It’s been a tough go for people, it, but you feel it. And the dollars shrink. and I know that. But we are a rising Nation, They don’t buy as much. not a declining Nation. One of the bright spots in an otherwise Now, with no further ado, who wants the gloomy economy over the last year has been first question? I’m told that some of you that inflation is down. I want to have eco- have some real broad interest in areas that nomic policies enacted that will stimulate might not be specifically on agriculture; so economic growth. But that’s got to be done much the better. That’s fine with me. Yes, without making that dollar bill shrink, and sir. I think we can do it. Right now, interest rates are down; inflation is down. That Legal Services Corporation makes us poised for the best kind of eco- Q. I’m an orange grower. We in the valley nomic recovery. I’m just saying that we’ve here, I’m in California, have a problem with got to be sure it stays down because that’s an outfit called CRLA, California Rural the way you make this dollar come back. Legal Assistance. These are the folks who When I come back 4 years from now, seem to us to be creating answers to which I think I’ll be in this line of work then— there are no questions. Harassment, I be- [laughter]—it would shrink if we don’t get lieve, is one of the words. Your predecessor control, try to keep control—we’ve got a told us that he was going to do something long way to go—of spending. One of the about it, and I’d sure like to hear that you things we’re pushing for now, an idea whose would take a shot at defunding the organiza- time has come, that I’ve been for for many tion. I think they’re out of hand. years is what’s called a balanced budget The President. Well, let me first ask if amendment to the Constitution. It dis- it’s a State or a local—are you talking about ciplines the executive branch, and it darned the Legal Services overall? sure disciplines a Congress that has been Q. Yes. very, very reluctant to do anything on the The President. Well, I don’t know that spending side. we’re going to defund it. What we’re trying So those are just a couple of thoughts

861 May 30 / Administration of George Bush, 1992 about how we’re going to keep that dollar mental practice. I think we do. I think we’ve the same size, maybe make it buy more. got something to be really proud of and to take to Rio, but also to say to them, Environmental Policy these countries, we cannot accept standards Q. We’ve been working on a thing with that are not based on the soundest of the Federal Clean Air Act. And in that act science, and we cannot shut down the lives of 1990, it addresses a thing called fugitive of many Americans because of going to an dust, referred to as PM10, particulate size. extreme on the environment. So that’s my In that regulation it addresses where—it’s philosophy, and that’s what we’re trying to going after farmland that makes dust, a trac- do. tor that’s out there farming. And to try to Now, on this one for those of you who control that dust, the EPA has certain dead- are environmentalists or follow Rio, I think line dates, ’94, ’97 and 2001, in which grow- we’re coming out all right on that. A lot ers are going to have to develop control of the world leaders have told me they think strategies to stop that dust from going in that our fighting for that balance has been the air. That has been based on, in the Fed- a very good thing, and we’ve staved off set- eral Clean Air Act, with research that was ting such rigid standards that nobody can done that was inaccurate, totally wrong. And meet. When the United States makes a now we have these implementation things commitment, it has to keep it. And we do called a PM10 plan that every State has to that. Our word is pretty good, and it should submit an air agency. And yet they’re not be. But we can’t do it and throw an awful realizing, we’ve pointed it out, that they lot of people out of work, especially when need to look at better science because it’s it’s not based on sound science. very difficult to regulate dust on a tractor. Can you make a specific comment on the Yet they’re asking us for control measures gentleman’s, do you know? that are very much—right now, there’s not Deputy Secretary Veneman. Well, I cer- valid research. The USDA and EPA are tainly am familiar with this issue. It’s been hoping now to fund some money so we can in USDA. We are attempting to help to do some valid research. fund the science necessary to address this The President. I’m not an expert on that. problem, and I think we are committed to Ann, do you want to just comment on his continuing in that effort. specific, and then I’ll give you an answer Q. I appreciate that very much, Mr. Presi- on a broader sense. Let me give you the dent and Ann Veneman, on that because broader answer first. we think that that needs to be looked at You may have read about the Rio con- very, very strongly before we continue to ference on the environment. I have with- put industry out of business because of un- held commitment to go there because it sound science, because somebody didn’t do seemed to me that what we had to do be- their job right. And I thank you very much. fore committing to go is to work out sound The President. Well, we’re trying. I know environmental policy, sound as far as the they’re going to want to raise the question United States goes, and we are the leader that might get me in trouble, but I know, because of our science and technology in for example, on endangered species you’ve international environment. So we had to got some major California problems. work out sound environmental policy. But They’re national problems. We are trying I also wanted an underpinning of sound to get balance and use of science and also economic policy. And we cannot permit the have those hallmarks of the policy, but also extremes in the environmental movement to the fact that a family’s got to work for a shut down the United States on science that living. So that one is one that has to be may not be as perfected as we in the United filtered into any agreements we’re making. States should have it. So I don’t know the specific, I’ll be honest with you, that you’re talking about, that pro- Wetlands vision of the Clean Air Act. But my general Q. I was pleased to see that we have a philosophy is to have a good, sound environ- wetlands preserve program just starting up,

862 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / May 30 with California being one of the pilot States. ing you are, will you be focusing your atten- I think that that offers a way to restore wet- tion on the domestic affairs and not so lands and, at the same time, make a work- much on the military and communism, the able relationship with farming. One thing fall of communism, and China and Russia I would like to see is in the following pro- and all these other areas such as the Baltics? grams, should Congress support your budg- The President. The President’s respon- et proposal, is a wider definition of the crop sibilities are multifaceted. One of them is and land that is allowable in it. Within Cali- the national security of the United States. fornia much of the land that would It is in this field that the President really qualify—— has primacy, and I’m not going to neglect The President. To be a wet? that. I’m not going to neglect it because Q. Right, exactly. of political criticism. Having said that, it is The President. We’ve had examples of absolutely essential that our domestic pro- that. The first gentleman was telling me gram, which is sound, be brought before about it, and we have—I consider myself a Congress that will think some new ideas. a sound and hopefully sensible environ- The Congress today, in my view, thinks mental President. But again, I think in old ideas. We’ve got some problems. How terms of wetlands, the manual and defini- are we going to help the city of Los Ange- tion, it’s gotten a little ahead of where it les? I think an enterprise zone that green- should be in terms of a definition of a wet- lines the area and cuts the capital gains rate land. to zero will do more to bring jobs into the So we’re trying hard. I just had a meeting hopeless areas of Los Angeles than doubling earlier, and one of the rice growers told the spending on some Government pro- me about a program that they are working grams. I have had that proposal up there closely on where it really does help create for years. I’ve had it up there for years, wetlands. And the bird hunters and all these and it has been blocked by, for the most people who are very interested in the part, by a hostile Congress. flyways are very happy about it. So I think there’s room for innovation. I think we So I will not plead guilty to having ne- ought to stay with our objective and no net glected the domestic agenda. What we’ve loss of wetlands, but we don’t want to over- got to do is get the facts out there that define what a wetland is. there is a good one that’s based on em- That’s what I’ve tried to do, and again, powerment. It is based on keeping Govern- I’ve taken a few shots as being too much ment close to the people. It’s based on less on the growth side of that. But I don’t think regulation rather than more. It’s based on that’s a fair shot because I think what hap- giving people a part of the action. And that pens during some periods, some of the bu- goes into all kinds of subjects. It also is reaucrats in our regulatory agencies started based on fiscal sanity. defining the wetland problem in a way that I argue for a balanced budget amend- really overdefines it. There was not a legiti- ment. It will discipline the executive branch, mate wetland we were trying to preserve. and it will darned sure discipline the Con- So we’re working it. And I appreciate your gress. Now it’s beginning to happen. The suggestion. good thing about this 4-year election dance is, it does get to focus, it brings people’s Domestic Agenda focus on these major problems. I think we Q. I think most people are wondering that have a rare opportunity now to pass some during your first 4 years in the Presidency of the things that would help guarantee the I think that your main objective has been future of that little girl’s dollar bill. to center on the foreign affairs with the fall I’d like to see a line-item veto for the of international communism. With Ross President. Forty-three Governors have it, Perot coming out saying that you need to and it works. Somebody said, ‘‘You don’t address the situations with the homeless and have a domestic program.’’ Here’s a good with the deficit and all these other sort of one. Try it on for size. And they say, ‘‘Well, domestic affairs, if you are reelected, assum- that’s not a new idea.’’ As far as I’m con-

863 May 30 / Administration of George Bush, 1992 cerned it’s new until it’s been tried. We cause of this magnificent victory over com- ought to keep pushing until we get it. That munism. But believe me, if you look at the gets the President then all interacting with Soviet Union and you see what’s happening the people running for Congress, and it gets in some of the Republics, and if you look you in there. If you believe that last point, at the problems south of our border, al- for example, get your Congressman to say though the hemisphere’s going—the Presi- what he’ll do when he goes there. dent can’t neglect that. I can’t shift entirely So I think we’ve got a good program. I’ll away from that responsibility. give you one more, and then I’ll stop filibus- But I take your point. I think I’ve got tering. Education, we have a program called to do a better job explaining to the people. America 2000. It literally revolutionizes Send me Members of Congress that will education. It creates 535 new American vote for these kinds of initiatives. If you schools where the community and the fami- want to do it the old way, get them to go lies get involved in saying, ‘‘Here’s what we in and vote for the status quo. But I think think will work in Fresno. I don’t care so people want change now. I think we can much what’s going to work in Austin, take that message of hope out there. Texas,’’ and create these new schools. We send the bill up to the Congress, and what Wristwatch Presentation do they do in education? They just add Q. Last week you gave your watch away money to programs that have failed. We’ve to Ensign Sam Wagener. You may not have got a good domestic agenda, and there is realized it, but he was from Fresno. And a significant flagship of that domestic agen- so the Fresno Chamber of Commerce and da. the California Bowl Committee would like So what I’ve got to do is, one, make clear to present you with an official California to the American people we’ve got it; and, Bowl watch, as a matter of fact, an official two, take my case in the fall when I get California Raisins Bowl watch. into that political arena that I’m trying to The President. I’m a two-watch man stay out of at least until after our convention again, but I’m telling you that I came out and say, all right, send me some Members way ahead on the trade. That midshipman of Congress that agree with this. Don’t send came out—he gave me—he did all right. people up there that come home and talk He didn’t have anything when he started. tough on law and order and crime and then So he got my watch. But I didn’t know he go back and vote some other way. was from here. I’m very grateful. This is I listened to some ads of people running beautiful, and thank you. I accept with to try to get into the United States Senate, pleasure. and these happen to be on the Democratic side, all of them talking tough on law and Water Management Legislation order. We’ve got a tough crime bill that Q. I’d first like to start off by thanking is sitting in the United States Congress be- you and your administration for trying to cause the very same people that are adver- add a little bit of sanity to the application tising today in California refuse to vote for of Environmental and Endangered Species it. Act by putting in people and jobs and the The good thing about an election year is, economy as part of the equation. we can make that case clearly and say, look, As you know, we are in the fight of our send us some people, if you happen to think life here in the Central Valley of California we’re right, a little tougher on the criminal over irrigated agriculture and the operations and little less tough on the victim of crime. of Central Valley Project. Sir, Governor Wil- Vote for them. Get our program going. son has shown historic and courageous So I think we’ve got a good domestic leadership recently in announcing that agenda. I do not plead guilty to neglecting there is a California solution to the it. I think out of the 4-year process here Central Valley Project. Senator Seymour, we’ll have time to get it in focus. likewise, has lead a courageous fight in the But look, I know that there’s this feeling Senate to put aside some of the criticisms that we’re living in a benign world now be- we have from some of the Democratic Sen-

864 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / May 30 ators from New Jersey who think they know we have to give up our Section 22 and the how to manage water from Washington, Canadians give up none of their dairy DC, for what we do here in the Central quotas, we’re put at a tremendous disadvan- Valley. tage. Our plea to you, sir, is hang tough In the last 2 days there has been some— on that deal. many call it negotiations—and discussions We do want a free trade agreement. I on the House side, unfortunately controlled believe that the future of American agri- by many of our Democratic colleagues who culture depends on international trade. But are no better for us than some of those we do want an agreement that we can live liberal folks in the Senate. with and that is fair to everybody, and hope- I would like to say, sir, that if there is fully, that we can hang on tough. But if any doubt from the administration as to who they don’t give, well, we don’t want to give. they should look for, for whether or not We don’t want to be put at a disadvantage. these bills, as they go forward, are accepted The President. Let me comment. The by the leadership in California, you should gentleman makes a very good point. It’s not please look toward Senator Seymour and simply Canada on dairies; it is EC on ba- Governor Wilson. I know they’re going to nanas, for example. And I might say the be many mixed signals out there. But we Canadian pitch on this one relates to the will welcome the administration’s overview unity of Canada itself. They’re worried that and dedication to the fact that we have to if they don’t continue to protect dairies, that balance environmental with jobs, economic, that gives the Quebec people kind of a shot and people issues as we move forward for with a lot of concentrated dairies there, a solution to Central Valley water issues. pulling away from what used to be called The President. The Seymour approach is the Meech Lake Accords, which is tech- far—and I’ll put some names on it for nical, but that was the effort by our friend, you—the Seymour approach is far better, and he is a friend, Brian Mulroney, to hold far better than Miller-Bradley. And yes, Canada together. we’re trying to—I don’t want to be flirting around leaving any doubt. Miller-Bradley is But on your point, the difficulty that we unacceptable, unacceptable and I wouldn’t have with the Canadian request or the resign it. We are now discussing it. We were quest from some of our smaller friends in talking about it coming up here on the the Caribbean is, once you start down the plane as to how to move forward with im- road of exception, exception, exception, you plementation of a more sensible approach. get farther away rather than closer to an So I appreciate your comments. It helps me agreement. understand the fervor of the feeling out So we’ve got problems. I talked earlier here. But I’m not just saying this politically. about the rice problem as it affects Japan. We are not going to accept Mr. Miller’s I mean, there’s an enormous market there. approach, seconded by Bradley. When I deal with the Prime Minister, the various Prime Ministers of Japan, the push Multilateral Trade Negotiations always is, ‘‘Please understand we’ve got Q. Mr. President, I’m a dairyman and a enormously complex political problems on diversified farmer here in Fresno County. rice in the Diet, in our political legislature.’’ I want to thank you and your administration So we say, well, yes, but we can’t have for pushing so hard for the successful con- a successful conclusion if everybody excepts clusion of GATT as well as NAFTA. We what is precious to him or her or whatever thank you for hanging tough in agriculture, it is. So I think your point is very, very not giving in to the EC, the demands they valid. And there are ways in these agree- have made upon us. ments to phase things in so people aren’t The concern that we have is on NAFTA, hectored and harassed and thrown out of that recently the Canadians have said that business at the outset. But the principle that they will not give up on their dairy quotas, you’ve outlined is one I believe is underly- that their dairy quotas are not negotiable. ing, and I’ve instructed our negotiators ac- If we go ahead and negotiate a treaty where cordingly, underlying our negotiations on

865 May 30 / Administration of George Bush, 1992

NAFTA and the GATT. the way to approach this problem is to be Ann, do you want to add to that? I appre- sure that the science is sound. ciate your comments on it. I would have to say, if the science proved that it was detrimental to the environment, Agricultural Chemicals I as President would be facing a significant Q. I’m glad to hear that you are America’s problem because you cannot neglect the en- environmental President because I think in vironmental destruction to our economy or this room today are America’s first environ- to our country. So I think the answer is mentalists. Farmers should be and are good to try to move forward more fast on the environmentalists. We do not want to do science itself, as well as the alternate sci- anything that would poison the ground or entific work that’s taking place. poison our families. But I’m concerned Now, Ann knows a great deal more about about the deluge of regulation in the last this than I. Can you add something to that? decade, especially in regard to the use of Deputy Secretary Veneman. Mr. Presi- farm chemicals. dent, I think that you’re exactly right. We I’m concerned especially about the minor- have to have the scientific evidence on these use chemicals that the chemical companies issues. We’ve certainly been trying in the no longer wish to register. California grows USDA to work with EPA on the particular over 250 different crops. Some of these problems that face farmers as we deal with crops are considered to be minor-use crops these chemical issues, and we’ll try to con- for some of the chemicals that we use. I’m tinue to do that. Methylbromide does need concerned about the loss of those chemicals additional science, and we’ll participate in not because they are inherently bad but be- that to the extent that we can. cause the economics of the use really prohibits the chemical company from reregis- tering its chemicals for each of these minor- Energy Policy use crops. The President. And I agree. I mean, I Then we also have a problem with a think farmers are not only environmentalists major-use chemical, and that is but conservationists. I think that’s very, very methylbromide. As a nurseryman, we have important. I think we have to do it. a protocol in California whereby we cannot Incidentally, I would like to make a pitch sell trees without following that protocol. It for our energy bill that passed the Congress involves killing organisms within the soil, the other day, which does have some good, parasites that would eat the roots of the sound conservation in it, but also it balances plants that we sell. Because of the strong out the need for this country to grow. I phytosanitary regulations of the USDA and don’t want to shift the subject away from the California Department of Food and Ag- your question, but in all these fields—and riculture, we are able to ship trees around this gets back to this young man’s ques- the world. If we lose methylbromide, we tion—in all these fields there’s a question will not only have the problem of not being of philosophy on a lot of this stuff. able to ship around the world because we On our energy approach, we’re trying to will have an inferior product, but we will keep growth going through more energy have a problem within shipping in Califor- sources and through conservation. Some nia because we can’t meet the regulations. would have you just do nothing on the What can we do as good environmentalists former part of it, and I’m in a big fight, al- but also as good business people to stem though it’s not in this bill, on the ANWR, this regulatory tide? the Alaskan Wildlife Refuge. I am abso- The President. Let me say on that lutely convinced that you can have prudent methylbromide, I’m certainly no expert on development, as we did in Prudhoe Bay, of it. But I’ll give you the philosophy again that. And yet I’m in a big row with the envi- behind it. Decisions should be based on ronmentalists because they say, ‘‘Well, you sound science. It is my understanding that say you’re for the environment; how come the science is less than perfected as it re- you’re for ANWR?’’ I’m saying ANWR can lates to this chemical. It seems to me that be developed without decimating the

866 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / May 30 environment or the species there, in this a climate not unlike this in west Texas for case caribou or whatever else it is. 12 years and long before I got wrapped up So I just cite this because it is something in the political world. These issues are ter- in my job that you have to keep balancing, ribly important. just as this guy’s question was how do you But when we talk about family, you feel balance the national security from domestic. it when you walk into his house or his place Here’s one: How do you balance domestic of business and feel it just looking around growth, families need to make a living, our this room. You get that sense this is some- hopefully becoming less dependent on for- thing that is very important. And when eign oil for a lot of reasons, and balance those mayors came to me, long before the that with the environmental needs? And trouble in Los Angeles, and said, ‘‘The larg- you’ve raised a more specific question. est single concern we have about the de- We’ve just got to keep that ethic going, and cline in the cities, the biggest problem is I think we can. I think we can do better the decline in the American family, the fall- on it. ing apart of the family.’’ Getting thrown out of here? So when Barbara hugs a child or we read Q. Sir, we could sit here and talk all day to kids, it is trying as best we can to show long and probably all week long. We just the importance of family and the impor- appreciate so much your coming to Fresno tance of the values that stem from family. and listening to our concerns. We wish you I make that not as a pitch but just as a the best of luck in the near future. statement, because the Presidency is about The President. Let me say—thank you, issues. It’s about doing your best. It’s about Lee, very much. Let me just make this ob- national security, but it is also about under- servation that you can’t help but feel when standing the strength of this country. And you’re here. We’re talking about agriculture; I’ve gotten a good lesson in that here today. we’re talking about chemicals; we’re talking Thank you. about wetlands; we’re talking about economic growth; we’re talking about national security. These are all big issues. But I wish Note: The President spoke at 10:58 a.m. at that Barbara Bush had been out here, the the Simpson Vineyards. In his remarks, he Silver Fox we call her, because I think she referred to Lee Simpson, owner of the vine- would sense the feeling of community and yards, and Frans Andriessen, Vice President of family that we sensed when we lived in of the European Community Commission.

Remarks at the Miracles in the Sky Air Show in Fresno May 30, 1992

I can hear you. We had a good look at a wonderful thing. I salute you. I salute you the crowd there. And I want to salute Lon- all at TV 30 for their civic—I don’t know nie and Heidi English and I wish everybody how to say it, but the civic responsibility, there in the support of the Valley Children’s you might say, of supporting this wonderful Hospital all the best. charity. But also you’re bringing people a And I wish each of you could see this lot of happiness there. magnificent Air Force One piloted by Colo- So, good luck to each and every one of nel Danny Barr. It’s a marvelous airplane, you. Again, to Lonnie and to Heidi who and I think it represents our country very thought of this in the first place, well done. well as we go not just here but overseas Well done. My only regret is I don’t get as well. down to see some of those shiny things we I wish you well. This air show that will flew over. benefit the Valley Children’s Hospital is just

867 May 30 / Administration of George Bush, 1992

Note: The President spoke at 12:28 p.m. at directors of the Miracles in the Sky Air the Madera Municipal Airport. In his re- Show. A tape was not available for verifica- marks, he referred to Lonnie English and tion of the content of these remarks. his wife, Heidi, members of the board of

Letter to Congressional Leaders on the National Emergency With Respect to Yugoslavia May 30, 1992

Dear Mr. Speaker: (Dear Mr. President:) sponse to the actions and policies of the Pursuant to section 204(b) of the Inter- Governments of Serbia and Montenegro, national Emergency Economic Powers Act, acting under the name of the Socialist Fed- 50 U.S.C. 1703(b), and section 301 of the eral Republic of Yugoslavia or the Federal National Emergencies Act, 50 U.S.C. 1631, Republic of Yugoslavia, in their involvement I hereby report that I have exercised my in and support for groups attempting to statutory authority in order to declare a na- seize territory in Croatia and Bosnia- tional emergency to respond to the threat Hercegovina by force and violence utilizing, to the national security created by the ac- in part, the forces of the so-called Yugoslav tions and policies of the Governments of National Army. The grave events in Serbia Serbia and Montenegro, acting under the and Montenegro constitute an unusual and name of the Socialist Federal Republic of extraordinary threat to the national security, Yugoslavia or the Federal Republic of Yugo- foreign policy, and economy of the United slavia, and to issue an Executive order that States. The measures that I have taken blocks all property including bank deposits today express our outrage at the actions of of the Governments of Serbia and Montene- the Serbian and Montenegrin Governments gro, as well as property in the name of the and will prevent those governments from Government of the Socialist Federal Repub- drawing on monies and properties within lic of Yugoslavia or the Government of the U.S. control. Federal Republic of Yugoslavia, in the Sincerely, United States or in the control of U.S. persons including their overseas branches. GEORGE BUSH The Secretary of the Treasury is authorized to issue regulations implementing these Note: Identical letters were sent to Thomas prohibitions. S. Foley, Speaker of the House of Represent- I am enclosing a copy of the Executive atives, and Dan Quayle, President of the order that I have issued. Senate. The Executive order is listed in Ap- I have authorized these measures in re- pendix E at the end of this volume.

Remarks at a Texas Victory ’92 Fundraising Dinner in Dallas, Texas May 30, 1992

Thank you for that wonderfully warm in- him in action up there, I am absolutely con- troduction, Senator, and I am just delighted vinced that with his leadership now of this to be at your side. I won’t rave about Phil Senate campaign committee which is taking Gramm; we know what kind of Senator we him all across the country, and then given have. But as I listen to him on the floor what I’m about to tell you how I see this of the Senate from time to time, as I see country moving, I really believe with his

868 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / May 30 leadership we have an opportunity to get about it in all this gloom-and-doom tele- control back of the United States Senate vision we’re getting in this country, not one. and to move this country forward. And he’s There have been significant changes. An- doing a superb job for our State. cient enemies are talking to each other in Dr. Criswell, it is very nice to see you the Middle East, something that nobody again, sir. Last time I saw him was in his dreamed could happen. Democracy’s on the own church, and it was a moving experience move south of the border. Almost every sin- for me. I am delighted that he is with us gle country where there used to be military tonight. When you want to get somebody dictatorships, there are democratic regimes. that knows how to sing ‘‘The Star-Spangled South Africa’s on the move; the states of Banner,’’ sign up an Aggie. And Fred the former Soviet Union, struggling to be- McClure did it once again. As you may come democratic; Eastern Europe, free; the know, Fred was one of the top people in Baltics, free. So there’s a great deal of grati- the White House, running all of our relationship with Congress, and did a superb tude that I have in my heart for the changes job there. And now he’s back here in busi- that are taking place in the world. It is only ness in Dallas. I want to thank the the United States of America that can lead Rangerettes from Kilgore for their dance and effect this change. And I am going to performance. I want to thank Rob remain involved in bringing about more Mosbacher who’s heading this program, Vic- change for peace for the whole world. tory ’92; and of course, Dan Cooke who’s Now, I hear the revisionists talking about just done a superb job on this dinner. A Kuwait. If I’d have listened, as Phil said, great success, and thank you to both of you. to some of the critics on the Democratic Then my State chairman for the Bush- Party up there, Saddam Hussein would be Quayle campaign, Jim Oberwetter. He’s be- sitting in Saudi Arabia, and we’d be paying ginning to peak a little early. He’s out on $10 a gallon for gasoline. And that’s the that television all the time, but he’s saying fact. We ought not to let somebody revise smart and sensible things. It saves me from history because they were wrong on the doing something that I look forward to Persian Gulf war. doing, but I’m not going to do it now, and So we’ve changed the world with a lot that is get after these opponents. But I’m of help. I salute my predecessor that I met going to wait a little bit, and I’ll tell you with yesterday, Ronald Reagan, a steadfast why in a minute. I’m grateful to Jim. I’m contribution—‘‘that wall will come down,’’ grateful to Barbara Patton, our cochairman; and thank God, it did. So we’ve got a lot she’s here from Houston. And of course, to be grateful for. We have helped change to salute Kay Bailey Hutchison, an old the world. friend; Rick Perry, our commissioner; and Here’s now what we’re doing to help then our State chairman, Fred Meyer, who change this country. Phil touched on some continues to do a great, great job. So welcome to all, and thank you for of it. We have a strong domestic agenda. being here. Phil put it right: These are not It is significant, and it is in keeping with easy times. They’re not easy. But in my the principles that unite everybody here to- view, we have a great deal to be grateful night: empowerment, government close to for as a Nation. Phil touched on some of the people, trying to hold the rein on the it. When you look at big things having hap- ever-increasing Federal Government, and pened, take a look around the world, the getting the action right back where it be- very fact that these little kids here, sitting longs, right here in the towns and cities over here, go to bed at night and do not around Dallas, Texas. have the fear of nuclear war that kids a We’re working hard for free trade. Some generation before, is something significant. want us to retreat and pull back. Agricultural And we helped bring that about. I happen trade with Mexico is 3 times higher than it to think that a foremost responsibility of any was just a few years ago, and we haven’t even President is the national security of this gotten the free trade agreement. I am going country. You don’t read one single word to continue to work for a job-creating

869 May 30 / Administration of George Bush, 1992 free trade agreement with Mexico and a not just the chosen schools, but because of successful conclusion of the Uruguay round the old American theory of competition, it’s to the GATT. You watch, when we get that benefited those that weren’t chosen. They done, a level playing field, the creation of get their act together. So school choice and American jobs in this country. We’re not America 2000 is a positive program. But we pulling back. We’re the United States. have got to get more people elected to the We’re moving forward. Congress that don’t want to do it the old- I would hate to take my case to the peo- fashioned way. ple in the fall that the only way I could Legal reform: Phil and I have been trying win is if everything was bad, capitalizing on for at least 3 years to reform the legal sys- the gloom and doom and on the dreariness tem. The bottom line is simply this: We of the recession and of the slow growth that sue each other too much and care for each we’ve been in for the last couple of years. other too little. We’re trying to change that. It has been bad. Families have been hurt, The political opposition—and don’t take my and they’ve been hurt bad. But this econ- word for it, ask Phil—the political opposi- omy is beginning to move, and each inch tion is so afraid to offend a powerful lobby of the way it starts up, the Democratic Party they won’t even let our liability reform pro- is panicking, because the only way they can posals or malpractice reform proposals be win is if things are going to hell in this voted on. We’ve got to change the Congress country. I wouldn’t want that. I think we’re and get people there who will do what the much more positive than that, and the econ- people want done. omy is moving. As it begins to go forward I am worried about these deficits and we have good answers. leaving these kids with a greater legacy of We need health care reform. We need debt, and we’ve tried to do something about to keep the quality of health care we’ve got, it. I’ll give you a four-point program if you and we have to make health insurance— want one, and I’ll be proud to take this give it access to all, rich and poor alike have one to the American people this fall: a chance to have insurance. But what we don’t need to do is put a socialized medi- One, you’ve got to cap the growth of cine or a nationalized medicine program in mandatory spending, all these programs that that will diminish the quality of the health a President never gets a shot at, that are care in this country. We have a good plan just locked into the law. You can permit to take to the American people, and they’ll them to grow; they can grow at the rate see it loud and clear in the fall. It will be of inflation plus population, and then that’s there. it. And that in itself will have billions, lit- Education: As I look at what we need erally $2 trillion of savings over the next to give those kids a break and to be com- 5 or 10 years. We’ve got to do that. petitive in the world, it gets right back to The second point is we’ve got to pass my passion for a change in education. We’ve some of the things that we’ve got up in got a good program. We’ve sent it to the the Congress for stimulating economic United States Congress, and what did they growth. The biggest one is a reduction in do? They threw out this whole innovative the capital gains tax. It will encourage entre- approach that we call America 2000 and preneurship. simply added more of your taxpayers’ The third one is an idea that the Texas money to the programs that have failed. I Republican Party and many in this room want to take this case for education reform have been in the forefront for for many, to the American people in the fall, and I’m many years, but I believe its time has come, confident we have a winner. We are right unless it gets blocked by the leadership, the to fundamentally reform education in this Democratic Party in the House and Senate country. who are now nervously conniving to find I might say I strongly favor parental out how to block it. I’m talking about a choice in schools. It works at the college balanced budget amendment to the Con- level, and it can work at the lower school stitution that will discipline the executive levels. Where it’s been tried, it’s benefited branch and discipline the Congress. The

870 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / May 30 votes are there. It obviously has to be is the time to go soft on those who commit phased in, but it can work. And I’ll be glad crime. We need a tough crime bill, and we to make the tough decisions that go with need this ‘‘Weed and Seed’’ program. it. I was amazed out there in California, lis- Then the fourth point: Give me what 43 tening to some of the television commer- Governors have now—and this one, the case cials for the people running now out there I’m taking to the American people—you in their primaries or running for the United give me that line-item veto that 43 Gov- States Senate, Democrats who come back ernors have, and let’s see what we can do. to Washington and vote against our tough We’re talking about change—people in crime bill, out there on those 30-second the cities, horribly brought to our attention spots: ‘‘I’m going to be tough on law and because of what happened in Los Angeles. order.’’ We have a good crime bill up there. And we moved immediately and forcefully It’s tougher on the criminals, and it’s kinder because I didn’t have to ask the Congress to the victims of crime. And it has been what to do. We mobilized SBA and FEMA frustrated. As Phil said, he said 1,079 days; and Agriculture Department and HHS and it seems like 3 million years. But we’re all. We put in seven central locations in the going to keep fighting until we can get done areas, in South Central, the burned areas. what our police officers deserve and what We brought what we could without having the neighborhoods of this country are crying one piece of legislation, the Federal Gov- out for. ernment to help these people. I was there Welfare reform: You’ve got to be careful yesterday and saw it, and it was very, very on that, because some say you’re playing moving. a race card. Who gets hurt the most by Now, I’ve said to the Congress, and again, a system that’s failed? Those who can afford Phil is in the lead on this, ‘‘We want to it the least, and I want to reform the wel- do something better now. These programs fare system. A little girl saved about $1,200, haven’t worked. We want people to have jobs with dignity.’’ The time has come, and and they came to her and said, ‘‘Well, you I heard this in the Boys Clubs, I heard it can’t do that. Your mother’s on welfare, and in the churches in South Central, the time the law says you can’t accumulate over has come to pass enterprise zones to draw $1,000.’’ We’ve got to change it. We’ve got the businesses like a magnet into the inner to structure it so it does not discriminate city through getting rid of the capital gains against saving but encourages the saving and tax in those green-lined areas. encourages work and encourages learning. Let me tell you this: The Mayor of Los We are going to reform that welfare system. Angeles wants it. The council of Los Ange- If I can’t get it done before the fall, I’m les wants it. The Congressmen give a lot taking that case to the American people, of lip service to it. Peter Ueberroth tells loud and clear. me that it will make his job a lot easier Homeownership: Isn’t it far better to have as he’s trying to bring businesses in there. a Federal program that encourages owning And yet, it’s hung up because some of the homes than going into these tenements that leadership is afraid to give the President or strip you of your dignity? Of course it is. to give the Republicans in Congress a vic- We’ve got a good program for that, and I’m tory. I want to get that clearly in focus for hoping we can get that through the Con- the American people. This isn’t time just gress, Job Training 2000, a forward-looking to have some broad, general thesis; this is job training program. something that will really help. We’ve got Now, there are six incentives that would to get it done. We may have a chance, still, help the cities immediately. Dallas would to get that passed—I hope we will, Phil— be a beneficiary as well as Los Angeles or in the next few weeks. Houston or wherever else it might be. We’ve got other programs that I think will Now, on those six points I’ve asked the help. We’ve got a good one for crime: Congress to put partisanship aside. I said, ‘‘Weed and Seed,’’ it’s called; weed out the ‘‘Look, the American people really want criminals, because I don’t believe that this something done.’’ It’s not just the cities, as a

871 May 30 / Administration of George Bush, 1992 matter of fact. I think the whole country That’s changing. Things are beginning to wants something done. If you look at the move. We are not a pessimistic Nation. We core of these proposals, there are themes are a rising Nation, and we are full of prom- that all of us can agree on, once again: Re- ise for the future. I have vowed, as we try sponsibility, opportunity, ownership, inde- to get something done with Congress before pendence, dignity, empowerment. These the shift goes entirely into politics in this are not partisan values. They are fundamen- every-4-year dance that we’re all engaged tal American values, and we have a duty to in, that I will not attack any single oppo- make them real. nent. I haven’t done it since it started. Five Now, so far I’ve talked about what the people in the Democratic side, one on the Government can do. But as I finish here, Republican side, bolstered by the press that let me just say the more I am in this won- love a good fight. I am not going to do derfully challenging job—and again, I’m it. I am going to concentrate on trying to very grateful to the people around this room lead this country. I’m going to concentrate because I see many, many that go back to on trying to build and get something done. my earliest days in Texas politics—but the But I want each and every one of you longer I am in this job, the more convinced to know that I am ready for the battle that I am that Government alone simply cannot lies ahead. I have never felt more confident solve these problems. It can’t be done. of a victory, and I have never felt more You might say, ‘‘What keeps a kid in fired up about taking our sound message school? What keeps a kid away from drugs? of values and opportunity to the American What keeps a kid out of the gangs?’’ It’s people in the fall. not Government. It is family. Barbara Bush So let all these other balloons go up. Let said it right: What happens in your house everybody else have their day in the sun. is far more important than what happens Our day is going to prevail because we are in the White House. We have got to find right on the issues, because we are compas- ways to strengthen the American family, and sionate and caring about the American peo- we must find ways to see that not one piece ple, and because our fundamental values, of legislation passes that diminishes the our fundamental values of faith and family American family. is what this country is all about. I’ve been in politics a long, long time. Thank you all for what you’re doing, and I computed it the other day. Half of my may God bless the United States of Amer- adult life since I got out of the Navy and ica. Thank you. went to school and then moved out to Odessa in the spring of 1948, half of my adult life has been in public life, and exactly Note: The President spoke at 7:37 p.m. at half has been in the private sector. We have the Grand Kempinski Hotel. In his remarks, been blessed, both Barbara and I have been he referred to Dr. W.A. Criswell, pastor, blessed, by the challenges and the joy that First Baptist Church of Dallas; Fred we’ve had in all kinds of fascinating assign- McClure, managing director, First South- ments. west Co.; Robert A. Mosbacher, Jr., chair- The more I think of our country, I’d say man, Texas Victory ’92; Kay Bailey this: We have been through tough times. Hutchison, Texas State treasurer; and Rick The country’s been through tough times. Perry, Texas commissioner of agriculture.

872 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / June 1

Remarks to Goddard Space Flight Center Employees in Greenbelt, Maryland June 1, 1992

Thank you very, very much. Thank you economies and democratic systems provide for this welcome to Goddard. And Dan the accountability needed to protect against Goldin, thank you, sir, for the introduction, environmental degradation. The coating of the leadership you’re giving the Agency. soot that the world found when the curtain With me is Bill Reilly. We’ve been talking of secrecy was pulled back from Eastern today about the upcoming summit in Brazil, Europe was but one visible demonstration the environmental meeting down there. And of that. this visit is very timely for both of us, I We’ve learned that the economy can grow think, seeing what magnificent contribution even while pollution is reduced. Since 1973, Goddard makes to a better understanding our GDP has grown by more than 50 per- of our planet. I want to salute Mike Deland, cent. And yet air quality has gotten better: who was with us up at Camp David a little Emissions of carbon monoxide and smog- bit ago. He runs our Council on Environ- forming ozone, sulfur dioxide, and particu- mental Quality. He’s at my side in the late matter are all down by more than 20 White House, a sound environmentalist. Dr. percent. And water quality has gotten bet- Klineberg, I listened, I had the applause ter: We’ve achieved an 80 percent reduction meter on when you walked in, and either in suspended solids from industrial and sew- they’re scared of you or you’re doing some- age treatment plants. thing right. [Laughter] I don’t know which We’ve learned that technology, spurred by it is, but it was most impressive. And thanks the right incentives, can provide help to the for your hospitality. May I salute Brian environment that no amount of regulation Dailey, out here, of the Space Council. And of old technology could have achieved. I’d like to thank Dr. Fisk, who helped us Technological progress can cut pollution in the tour. rather than increase it. And at the same Now, you know that it’s been a month, time, the efficiency gained is good for prof- and in just over a month on the job, Dan its. Goldin supervised the recovery of a satellite And we’ve learned that market-based on Endeavor’s maiden voyage; he won a mechanisms and flexibility, aimed at ambi- vote, a very important vote, to save the tious objectives and backed up by rigorous space station on the floor of the House; and enforcement, can help us solve environ- he launched his own cultural revolution at mental problems at less cost than com- NASA. And I’d say the new NASA is off mand-and-control regulation. to a flying start. And I am very grateful We’ve learned about a new generation of to him for taking on this terribly important environmental problems that are global in assignment heading up NASA. scope and that will require international co- Twenty years ago this month, 20 years operation to solve. This week, and I re- ago, the leaders of the world gathered in ferred to this earlier, over 100 heads of state Sweden to talk about the human environ- will gather in Rio de Janeiro, and it will ment. The Stockholm Declaration that they be time to apply those lessons. And what adopted had a simple conclusion, that better place to discuss our plans for taking through fuller knowledge and wiser action on the problems of the international envi- we can achieve for ourselves and our poster- ronment than here at Goddard. ity a better life in an environment more I thought as I was on this little tour, in keeping with human needs and hopes. which was all too quick but nevertheless Much has been accomplished since those gave me a little feel about the magnificent early days of environmentalism, and much work that the wonderful employees of God- has been learned. dard do, I thought wouldn’t it be a wonder- We’ve learned that only market-oriented ful thing if these 100 or more heads of state

873 June 1 / Administration of George Bush, 1992 could actually walk through the laboratories met 20 years ago at Stockholm and called here and get a practical feeling for what for this UNCED, this summit, explicitly it is you are doing, to see how they can called for the discussion at Rio to be about better monitor the changes that they talk both environment and development. And about or that they get from their environ- they knew even back then that the two were mental ministers. It’s a wonderful thing. inextricably linked. Only a growing economy And I think it’s very timely that I’ve had can generate the resources and the will to this opportunity, and I look forward to shar- manage natural assets for the longer term ing it with those people down in Rio. and the common good. But only assets It is science developed here that has which are so managed can support the given the world a new window from which growth on which so much human hope is to see its environment. A spacecraft managed by Goddard provided humanity with hinged. By definition, for development to its first image of Earth from space. It was be successful in the long term, it has got your scientists, Goddard’s scientists, who to be sustainable. And so, I invite compari- developed the upper atmosphere research son of the record that we as a country and satellite launched last year, which is provid- as an administration have built. It is aggres- ing us new insight about the content of the sive. It is comprehensive. And it is ambi- ozone layer. And the lion’s share of the tious, but carefully balanced. What we’ve science that the world is using to under- done in this administration reflects the new stand our climate comes from a program environmentalism, more sophisticated in its with its heart and soul right here, the Glob- approach, that harnesses the power of the al Change Research Program, built around marketplace in the service of the environ- the Mission to Planet Earth that Goddard ment. Let me give you some examples. is developing. The 1990 Clean Air Act, which I pro- When we go to Rio, the U.S. will go posed and signed into law, is the most ambi- proudly as the world’s leader, not just in tious air pollution legislation anywhere on environmental research but in environ- Earth. It will cut acid rain, smog, toxic mental action. The United States was the chemical emissions. And yet it will do so first nation to recognize the danger of CFC with innovations the whole world is watch- emissions by eliminating aerosol propellants, ing. We have a trading system for sulfur which we did in 1978. Other nations are now following suit using the aerosol phase- dioxide reductions, have a new generation out as credit to meet the terms of the Mon- of cleaner fuels and cleaner cars, a mas- treal Protocol. We are 42 percent ahead of sive—and to date successful—voluntary air the schedule required by that agreement. toxics reduction program. And earlier this year, on the basis of science Our national parks are under stress from developed by NASA, we unilaterally de- millions of visitors. And so, just in the last cided to speed up our timetable for phasing 4 years, we’ve added over a million and half out CFC’s to the end of 1995. We were acres to America’s parks, forests, wildlife the first nation, back in 1975, to adopt cata- refuges, and to other public land. We’ve lytic converters to reduce those emissions created 57 new wildlife refuges and restored from our cars and trucks. In 1982, we began or protected more than a half a million phasing out lead from American gasoline, acres a year of important wetlands. And at and now ambient levels of lead in our air the same time, we’ve streamlined the per- have been cut by 95 percent. Other nations mitting process so that projects which don’t are only now taking these two steps. hurt wetlands aren’t slowed down. And I came to this office committed to extend we’ve made sure to respect people’s private America’s record of environmental leader- property rights. ship. And I’ve worked to do so in a way We’ve placed a moratorium on oil and that is compatible with economic growth gas drilling along the most environmentally because this balance is absolutely essential and because these are twin goals, not mutu- sensitive areas of our coasts, signed new ally exclusive objectives. You see, those who laws to protect against oilspills, to end

874 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / June 1 below-cost timber sales in America’s largest begin and will not end with Rio. rain forest, the Tongass, and to promote en- So, when I travel down there next week, vironmental education. We’ve backed our to Brazil, I will bring with me several pro- laws up with strict enforcement to make the posals to extend the commitment of the polluters pay. And the results have been world community into the future. Let me record contributions to cleanups from busi- outline for you my four-point plan of co- nesses. operation: And we have attended to the international First, I will propose a major new initiative environment with new agreements to stop to protect and enhance the world’s forests. the irresponsible export of toxic wastes, to ban trade in ivory and thereby stop the ex- I mentioned lessons learned about cost ef- tinction of elephants due to poaching, and fectiveness. Well, halting the loss of the to use debt forgiveness to protect the envi- Earth’s forests is one of the most cost-effec- ronment through the debt-for-nature swaps. tive steps that we can take to cut carbon In short, our country, America, retains its dioxide emissions. Forests also filter the air place at the forefront of international envi- and water. They provide products from tim- ronmental accomplishment. Our laws have ber and fuelwood to pharmaceuticals and served as a model for environmental laws foodstuffs. They are home to more than half the world over. America’s environmental ac- the world’s species. At the Houston G–7 complishments have not come by mistake; summit 2 years ago, I proposed a global they are the result of sustained investment. forest convention. At UNCED, we should Today, the United States spends about 2 get agreement on the principles leading up percent of its gross domestic product, over to that. But I propose today to move ahead $100 billion a year, on pollution control. In faster. At Rio, I will ask the other industri- comparison to other nations, that’s among alized countries to join me in doubling the very, very highest in the world. worldwide forest assistance with a goal of Americans have always believed that ac- halting the loss of the world’s forests by tions speak louder than words. And simple the end of the decade. As a down payment, wisdom has guided our approach to the the U.S. will increase its bilateral forest as- questions on the table at Rio. We will sign sistance by $150 million next year. The plan a good agreement on climate change. It is based on the idea that every nation should is to encourage partnerships between recipi- prepare an action strategy as we in the ent countries who could propose new United States have done. We first laid our projects and investor countries who, in ef- plan on the table in February 1991 with fect, could bid to support the most effective specific policy proposals and specific cal- proposals for sequestering CO2 or preserv- culations concerning how much greenhouse ing biodiversity. gas emissions would be reduced. When the Second, with respect to climate, the sign- science on CFC’s changed, we added new ing of a convention that calls for action measures, and we again laid our plan on plans is simply a first step. We must imple- the table. We showed that our policies ment them. So I will join in proposing a would reduce projected year 2000 green- prompt start to adoption of climate action house gas emissions by 125 million to 200 plans. Of course, as new and better science million tons, or by 7 to 11 percent. No other becomes available on climate change, we nation except The Netherlands has laid out will adjust that action plan accordingly. The such a specific plan of action. And that’s solution to climate change must include the why we insisted that the focus be on results, developing countries. While today they ac- not on rhetoric. It may not have been wide- count for about a quarter of the world’s ly reported in the press, but in area after emissions, by the year 2025 they will con- area, the United States laid down specific tribute over half. So we must have their proposals and worked for their adoption: participation, and we will fund country stud- Forests, oceans, living marine resources, public participation, financing. Let me be ies to get them started. These countries will clear: Our commitment to action did not need new technologies if they are to

875 June 1 / Administration of George Bush, 1992 enjoy green growth. And America can pro- have been given and the Conference is over. vide them. So, my budget includes an in- Two decades ago, when they gathered at vestment of almost $1 billion in developing Stockholm, the leaders of the world could new energy-efficient technologies. Hun- not possibly have foreseen the tumultuous dreds of American businessmen will be trav- events of the intervening two decades. Then eling to Rio to make the case for our tech- they worried about nuclear war as a chief nology. But this effort must continue. environmental threat. They couldn’t have So then the third part of our plan is to known that today the specter of nuclear support a program, a board program of war, with its unthinkable destruction, would technology cooperation. In particular, we’re be calmed as never before in our postwar going to create a Technology Cooperation history. They could not possibly have envi- Corps to identify the green technology, sioned that, with the fall of statism and those green technological needs of countries communism, those who would come to Rio around the world, and then to knock down would have the chance to launch a new gen- the barriers to making it available. eration of clean growth guided by the wis- The fourth point of my program for a dom of free peoples and fueled by the cleaner future is a continued program of power of free markets. They could never research and understanding. This year we have known how far we’ve have come in are requesting over $1.4 billion for the 20 years. Now it is for us to imagine how Global Change Research Program. That’s much further we can go. And what better more than the amount spent on climate replace to make that point than standing be- search by the rest of the world put together. fore these people that are dedicated to With Dan Goldin’s leadership here at demonstrating to the rest of the world how NASA, we will push for a program that pro- much farther we can go. vides results faster, cheaper, and better. At I am grateful to each and every one of Rio, I will propose to make the data from you who gives of himself or herself to fur- our climate change program available and ther the science and thus to improve and affordable for scientists and researchers all keep something very, very special, the envi- around the world. As part of this effort, we ronmental quality of our entire world. will distribute at that Conference, at Thank you for what you do. And may God UNCED, thousands of copies of computer bless our great country. Thank you. disks with data on greenhouse effects, and we will open this year a Global Change Re- search Information Office. Note: The President spoke at 2:44 p.m. in These four steps—a dramatic program to the auditorium in Building 8. In his re- protect and to enhance forests; quick action marks, he referred to John M. Klineberg, on climate change; cooperation in deploying Director, Goddard Space Flight Center; cleaner, more efficient technology; and then Brian D. Dailey, Executive Secretary-Des- an ongoing program to develop and share ignate, National Space Council; and sound science—can help us seize that op- Lennard A. Fisk, Associate Administrator portunity long after those speeches in Rio for Space Science and Applications, NASA.

876 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / June 2

Nomination of Alison Podell Rosenberg To Be an Assistant Administrator of the Agency for International Development June 1, 1992

The President today announced his inten- of African Affairs for National Security tion to nominate Alison Podell Rosenberg, Council staff, 1987–88, and Associate Assist- of Virginia, to be an Assistant Administrator ant Administrator and Director in the Office of the Agency for International Develop- of Policy Development and Program Review ment, U.S. International Development Co- at the Agency for International Develop- operation Agency, for the Bureau of Africa. ment, 1985–87. She would succeed Scott M. Spangler. Ms. Rosenberg graduated from Smith Since 1988, Ms. Rosenberg has served as College (B.A., 1967). She was born Septem- Deputy Assistant Secretary of State for Eco- ber 5, 1945, in Miami, FL. Ms. Rosenberg nomic Policy and Assistance for the Bureau is married, has one child, and resides in of African Affairs at the Department of McLean, VA. State. Prior to this, she served as Director

Nomination of Walter B. McCormick, Jr., To Be General Counsel of the Department of Transportation June 1, 1992

The President today announced his inten- assistant to Senator John C. Danforth in tion to nominate Walter B. McCormick, Jr., Washington, DC. of Missouri, to be General Counsel of the Mr. McCormick graduated from the Uni- Department of Transportation. He would versity of Missouri School of Journalism succeed Arthur J. Rothkopf. (B.J., 1976) and the University of Missouri Currently Mr. McCormick serves as Re- School of Law (J.D., 1979). He was born publican chief counsel and staff director of February 8, 1954, in Kansas City, MO. Mr. the U.S. Senate Committee on Commerce, McCormick is married, has one child, and Science, and Transportation in Washington, resides in Alexandria, VA. DC. Prior to this he served as a legislative

Remarks at the Health Care Equity Action League Briefing June 2, 1992

Please be seated, and thank you very you, the strong support of this organization much for coming. And Dirk, thank you, sir, for our health care reform plan is absolutely and Pam, the cochairs of HEAL. I am de- essential to getting something done for the lighted to have an opportunity to speak to people in this country. I can’t overempha- you briefly here. And then our experts come size the importance of your contacts on the on and you’ll learn—I wouldn’t say more Hill today, of your organizing of the local than you want to know about this, but you’ll coalitions. Both of these efforts are going be hearing from our very best in a few min- to be determining factors in steering health utes, people that have shaped our approach care reform in the right direction. to health care. We’re at a crossroads, literally, at a cross- We are grateful for your support. I’ll tell roads on the issue of health care reform.

877 June 2 / Administration of George Bush, 1992

The real debate concerns the direction that would help small businesses purchase insur- health care reform is going to take. I don’t ance and manage their premium costs. Our think there’s any argument in the country coordinated care provisions would reverse that health care reform is not needed. No- the upward spiral of health care costs, too. body’s taking that tack. The question is, will Our plan also addresses something that we preserve our public-private health care we must do something about, and I’m talk- system through comprehensive reforms or ing about the malpractice costs, costs from are we going to substitute a plan that is excessive insurance paperwork, and also ad- Government-dictated, Government-man- ministrative costs. We address the special dated, Government-controlled? That’s the needs of urban and rural areas by providing bottom line. We have to spell out as clearly for clinics and disease prevention activities. for the American public as we possibly can: In addition, we think consumers need The decision is as simple and as pivotal as better information in order to make better that. decisions. So we propose information book- We have to make it clear to Americans lets that will allow consumers to compare that other proposals like the national health costs and then compare the quality of care care, expanded Medicare, Americare, and provided by hospitals and other health care ‘‘play or pay’’ are fundamentally Govern- plans. These are things that I think that we ment-controlled. Some are a little more ob- all can whole-heartedly endorse and fully vious about it than others, but ultimately intend to implement. each ends up controlled by a Government bureaucracy. But no discussion of health care reform Let me also assure you that I share your is complete without emphasizing the neces- specific concerns. Individual entrepreneurs sity for personal responsibility for health need help in order to compete with the con- promotion and then again for disease pre- glomerates; I understand that. You need a vention. Tomorrow, Secretary Lou Sullivan, tax deduction for 100 percent of health in- along with Prevention magazine, will an- surance premiums, and you need market nounce the results of a survey on the clout. As small business owners you also health-related behavior of Americans. The need rescuing from cherry picking by these prevention index tracks our national insurers, and you need help in shopping progress in avoiding special specific health- smart, and you need a way to avoid costly related risk behavior. We need your help frivolous coverage. Our plan provides com- in spreading the word that avoiding 10 comprehensive reform, and that’s going to bene- mon risk factors could prevent between 40 fit, we compute, more than 95 million and 70 percent of all premature deaths, Americans. one-third of all cases of acute disability, and We have two bills on the Hill already. two-thirds of all cases of chronic disability. These are nonpolitical; that is, the liberals Individual action, that’s what is needed agree with us in principle; that makes them around the Nation, at the level of personal nonpolitical. [Laughter] That being the case, health behavior. I say Congress ought to act according to At the same time, up here, right back principle and pass this legislation for the to Washington, congressional action is need- good of the country. Where we agree, we ed to ensure that world-class health care must act. With your help up on the Hill, continues to be directed by consumer Congress will pass the bills immediately. choice and by free-market factors. Under our plan, health insurers would There’s a crying need to change things. have to cover all employers requesting cov- But I feel compelled to uphold the quality erage, and that coverage would be guaran- of American health care. We must not, in teed. It would be renewable, and it would our desire to see change, diminish the qual- have no restrictions for preexisting medical ity of American health care. Our plan, I conditions. It would also be portable, allow- think, upholds the quality. Very candidly, I ing workers to change jobs without fear of think the major two competing plans would not being picked up by their new employ- tend to diminish the quality of American er’s plan. We would establish networks that health care. We’ve seen it happen in some

878 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / June 2 of these nationalized programs abroad, and happen. So I pledge you my full support. I think the same thing would happen here. My driving interest behind this really can So we must not go for a program that is be brought to bear in the Congress in ways going to diminish the quality of American that our pros here in the front row think medical care. necessary. So I am with you and very, very So again, Dirk and Pam, thank you. We grateful to you. are very grateful for your leadership and Now, on for your real session where helping to make all this happen. And to you’re going to learn a lot more about it. each and every one of you, my most sincere Thank you all very much for coming. thanks. I really believe we can get something done, and I say that, recognizing that this is a weird year. [Laughter] This is what Note: The President spoke at 2:09 p.m. in they call one of the weird ones out there. Room 450 of the Old Executive Office Build- But when you have a commonsense idea, ing. In his remarks, he referred to Dirk when you have something that is backed Vander Dongen, chairman, and Pam Bailey, by the sound and sensible people like your- executive director, Health Care Equity Ac- selves, we’ve got to find a way to make it tion League.

Remarks Prior to a Meeting With Republican Congressional Leaders June 2, 1992

The President. I really appreciate every- got to get it done. body coming down. And we’ve got several Q. A lot of economists don’t agree with key issues, but one that I am most inter- you, like 400. ested in getting through is this balanced The President. Well, the people, the budget amendment. I think it is critical, and American people agree with me, and that’s I think it’s an idea whose time has come. what matters. So we ought to get it done It’s an idea that the American people and not worry about those who don’t. It’s strongly support. One of the things I want out there, and we’ve got ideas up there be- to follow up on with you all now is how fore the Congress right now that would ac- we do that. I know we’ve got problems in complish this, too. the Senate that are different than the Q. What do you hear from the primaries? House, but we’ve got to get it done for The President. I haven’t heard anything the American people. I’m very pleased with much there, Helen [Helen Thomas, United the way our troops are moving out on it, Press International]. but that’s one of the things on my mind for this meeting. Note: The President spoke at 3:37 p.m. in So let’s pass a balanced budget amend- the Cabinet Room at the White House. A ment; discipline the Congress as well as the tape was not available for verification of the executive branch and everything else. We’ve content of these remarks.

Statement on the Conclusion of the Presidential Primary Season June 2, 1992

When the votes are counted tonight, mil- tions from New Hampshire to California. lions of American voters will have partici- This is a uniquely important election year pated in primaries, caucuses, and conven- for our country, and I commend every

879 June 2 / Administration of George Bush, 1992

American, Republican, Democrat, or inde- American people. pendent, who has made their voice heard To our supporters, Barbara and I say by attending a caucus, casting a ballot, or thank you for your confidence and trust. signing a petition. Tonight we extend a hand to every Repub- As November approaches, I believe there lican. To all Americans who share our values will be two questions foremost in the minds and commitment to building a better Amer- of American voters: Who has the best ideas ica, we invite you to join us. Together this for America? Who do you trust to lead this November, we can break the Washington country? With an unbroken string of pri- lawmaking gridlock and set a new course mary victories behind us, I will continue to for the next American century. present my credentials and ideas to the

Message to the Congress Transmitting the Report of the Saint Lawrence Seaway Development Corporation June 2, 1992

To the Congress of the United States: the period October 1, 1990, through Sep- I transmit herewith the Saint Lawrence tember 30, 1991. Seaway Development Corporation’s Annual Report for fiscal year 1991. This report has GEORGE BUSH been prepared in accordance with section 10 of the Saint Lawrence Seaway Act of The White House, May 13, 1954 (33 U.S.C. 989(a)), and covers June 2, 1992.

Message to the Senate Transmitting the Czechoslovakia-United States Investment Treaty June 2, 1992

To the Senate of the United States: couraging U.S. private investment. The trea- With a view to receiving the advice and ty is fully consistent with U.S. policy toward consent of the Senate to ratification, I trans- international investment. A specific tenet, mit herewith the Treaty Between the reflected in this treaty, is that U.S. invest- United States of America and the Czech ment abroad and foreign investment in the and Slovak Federal Republic Concerning United States should receive fair, equitable, the Reciprocal Encouragement and Protec- and nondiscriminatory treatment. Under tion of Investment, with Protocol and three this treaty, the Parties also agree to inter- related exchanges of letters, signed at Wash- national law standards for expropriation and ington on October 22, 1991. I transmit also, compensation; free transfers of funds associ- for the information of the Senate, the report ated with investments; and the option of of the Department of State with respect to the investor to resolve disputes with the this treaty. host government through international arbi- The treaty is an integral part of my initia- tration. tive to strengthen economic relations with Central and East European countries. The I recommend that the Senate consider treaty is designed to aid the growth of the this treaty as soon as possible, and give its private sector in the Czech and Slovak Fed- advice and consent to ratification of the eral Republic by protecting and thereby en- treaty, with protocol and related exchanges

880 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / June 2 of letters, at an early date. June 2, 1992.

GEORGE BUSH The White House,

Letter to Congressional Leaders Transmitting a Report on International Sanctions Against Iraq June 2, 1992

Dear Mr. Chairman: Note: Identical letters were sent to Robert Enclosed is an unclassified report on C. Byrd, chairman of the Senate Committee sanctions taken by other nations against Iraq on Appropriations; Jamie L. Whitten, chair- as required by section 586J(c) of the For- man of the House Committee on Appropria- eign Operations, Export Financing, and Re- tions; Dante B. Fascell, chairman of the lated Programs Appropriations Act, 1991 House Committee on Foreign Affairs; and (Public Law 101–513). Claiborne Pell, chairman of the Senate Sincerely, Committee on Foreign Relations. GEORGE BUSH

Statement by Press Secretary Fitzwater on Continuation of China’s Most-Favored-Nation Trade Status June 2, 1992

The President informed the Congress relations as fully normal until the Chinese today that he plans to extend China’s most- Government effectively addresses these favored-nation (MFN) status for another concerns. We want to elicit a faster pace year. In making this important decision, the and a broader scope for human rights im- President stressed that it is wrong to isolate provements in China. Withdrawal of MFN China if we hope to influence China. would achieve neither of these objectives. Section 402 of the Trade Act of 1974 ex- Short of fully normal relations, maintain- plicitly links eligibility for MFN to the im- ing a constructive policy of engagement portant human rights issue of free emigra- with China has served U.S. interests. In our tion. Continuation of the current Jackson- bilateral relationship, we have used the tools Vanik waiver (and thus MFN trade status) will substantially promote freedom of emi- available to achieve the foreign policy goals gration from China, as it has since 1979. shared by the administration and the Con- China continues to permit the departure of gress. This has been true of our targeted citizens who qualify for a U.S. immigrant use of 301 and Special 301 trade investiga- visa. tions and our vigorous enforcement of the Although we have seen positive, if limited, law against prison labor imports and textile developments in our human rights dialog, fraud. Our nonproliferation dialog also has the President has made clear to the Chinese been successful: China has acknowledged that their respect for internationally recog- international nonproliferation standards by nized human rights is insufficient. We are acceding to the Nuclear Non-Proliferation deeply disappointed in China’s limited ac- Treaty and declaring adherence to Missile tions with regard to internationally recog- Technology Control Regime guidelines. We nized human rights and cannot describe our are monitoring these commitments closely.

881 June 2 / Administration of George Bush, 1992

We have generated positive results with- with the Chinese is on the whole a success- out withdrawing MFN from China. With- ful policy. We intend to maintain it in order drawal of MFN would inflict severe costs vigorously to protect American interests on American business people, investors, and while we promote positive change in China. consumers. It would mean lost jobs and failed businesses in the United States and Note: Presidential Determination No. 92–29 a multibillion-dollar surcharge on American on trade with China was published in the consumers’ imports. Our direct engagement Federal Register on June 10.

Appointment of the 1992–1993 White House Fellows June 2, 1992

The President today announced the ap- neering at the U.S. Military Academy. A 1981 pointments of the 1992–93 White House graduate of the U.S. Military Academy, West fellows. This is the 28th class of fellows Point, NY, Captain Belknap was commissioned since the program was established in 1964. in the Signal Corps and has served in a variety Fifteen fellows were chosen from nearly 700 of tactical and strategic communications positions in the Pacific. She earned an M.S.E. in applicants who were screened by 11 re- operations research from the University of gional panels. The President’s Commission Michigan in 1989. Captain Belknap was born on White House Fellowships, chaired by May 23, 1959, in Shorewood, WI. Ronna Romney, interviewed the 33 national Campbell, Kurt M., of Boston, MA, is associate finalists prior to recommending the 15 per- professor of public policy and international re- sons to the President. Their year of Govern- lations and assistant director of the Center for ment service will begin September 1, 1992. Science and International Affairs at the John Fellows serve for one year as members F. Kennedy School of Government. Dr. Camp- of the White House staff or as special assist- bell is a Navy Reserve officer currently serving ants to members of the Cabinet. In addition in the Pentagon and was a distinguished Mar- to the work assignments, the fellowship in- shall scholar at Oxford University, England. He recently received a major grant from the Car- cludes an education program that parallels negie Corp. of New York to study military mat- and broadens the unique experience of ters in the former Soviet Union. He received working at the highest levels of the Federal his B.A. in science, technology, and public af- Government. The program is open to U.S. fairs from the University of California, San citizens in the early stages of their careers Diego, in 1980; certificate of Soviet studies and and from all occupations and professions. music, University of Erevan, Soviet Armenia, Federal Government employees are not eli- in 1979; and received his Ph.D. in international gible, with the exception of career Armed relations from Oxford University in 1984. Dr. Forces personnel. Leadership, character, in- Campbell was born August 27, 1957, in Fres- no, CA. tellectual and professional ability, and commitment to community and national service Froman, Michael B.G., of San Anselmo, CA, is an international lawyer who has been directing are the principal criteria employed in the the American Bar Association’s pro bono legal selection of fellows. assistance project in Albania. He received his Applications for the 1993–94 program juris doctorate from Harvard Law School in may be obtained by contacting the Presi- 1991 and graduated magna cum laude. Mr. dent’s Commission on White House Fellow- Froman was a recipient of a Fulbright scholarships, 712 Jackson Place, NW, Washington, ship and a MacArthur Foundation fellowship DC 20503. which enabled him to complete a doctorate The 1992–93 White House fellows are: in international relations at Oxford University in 1988. He received a bachelor of arts, summa Belknap, Margaret H., of Shorewood, WI, a cap- cum laude, from Princeton University in public tain in the U.S. Army, is permanent associate and international affairs in 1985. Mr. Froman professor in the department of systems engi- was born on August 20, 1962, in San Rafael,

882 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / June 2

CA. professional military journals. Captain Hooker Gill, Steven L., of Nashville, TN, is a partner was born January 6, 1957, in Fort Benning, with the law firm of Boult, Cummings, GA. Conners & Berry and a member of the adjunct Jindra, Lawrence F., of Floral Park, NY, an oph- faculty at Belmont University. He received his thalmic surgeon, is a clinical assistant professor bachelor of arts degree, cum laude, in honors at the State University of New York and the history at the University of Tennessee in 1979. director of the glaucoma consultation unit of He obtained his law degree at the University the Northport Veterans Affairs Medical Cen- of Tennessee in 1982. After law school, he ter. A Phi Beta Kappa scholar, he was awarded served as campaign coordinator for the reelec- a bachelor of arts, summa cum laude, in phys- tion of Tennessee Governor Lamar Alexander. ics from Hofstra University in 1979 and re- In 1988, Mr. Gill was selected to study in ceived his ophthalmology residency at the Tokyo as a guest of the Japanese Government. Harkness Institute of Columbia University. As He has since been a leader in promoting Ten- a Heed Foundation fellow he studied vision nessee as a site for international trade and in- research at the Rockefeller University and vestment. Mr. Gill was born November 15, served a glaucoma fellowship at Wills Eye 1956, in Knoxville, TN. Hospital. He earned a master of public admin- Golub, Lawrence E., of New York, NY, is a man- istration degree with concentration in medi- aging director of Wasserstein Perella Capital cine, science, and technology from Harvard Markets, a division of the investment banking University’s Kennedy School of Government in firm Wasserstein Perella & Co., Inc. He re- 1991 and was selected as a diplomacy fellow. ceived his bachelor’s degree in economics, He was awarded doctor of medicine with dis- magna cum laude, in 1980 from Harvard Uni- tinction in research from Down State Medical versity and earned a law degree, magna cum Center in 1983. He also serves as a battalion laude, in 1984 from Harvard Law School, surgeon with the U.S. Marine Corps Reserve. where he was elected to the Harvard Law Re- Dr. Jindra was born September 10, 1958, in view. He earned an M.B.A. degree with high Mineola, NY. distinction from Harvard Business School in 1984, where he was selected as a Baker schol- Kelley, Lloyd E., of Houston, TX, is currently ar. He is also a director of Bayou Steel Corp. an attorney with the firm of Fulbright & Ja- Mr. Golub was born October 3, 1959, in New worski, where he practices labor and employ- York, NY. ment law. Mr. Kelley served with the Houston Gordon, Robert L., III, of Colorado Springs, CO, Police Department for 11 years. While serving is a major in the U.S. Army and presently at the police department, he earned a bach- serves as the executive officer of the depart- elor’s degree, cum laude, in economics from ment of social sciences at the U.S. Military the University of Houston in 1983 and three Academy, West Point. He graduated with a master’s degrees in criminal justice, public ad- degree in engineering and additional con- ministration, and history from the University centration in public policy and national secu- of Houston in 1987, Sam Houston State Uni- rity from the U.S. Military Academy, West versity in 1988, and Rice University in 1991, Point, in 1979. He was commissioned as an respectively. Mr. Kelley also received his law artillery officer and served in artillery units in degree, cum laude, from the University of the 4th Infantry Division, Fort Carson, CO. Houston in 1990. Mr. Kelley was born January Major Gordon attended graduate school at 2, 1959, in Houston, TX. Princeton University’s Woodrow Wilson School Murphy, Dennis J., of San Francisco, CA, for Public and International Affairs in 1989. is a lieutenant commander in the U.S. He is a graduate of the Combined Armed Navy. He is currently working in the Navy’s Services Staff School at Fort Leavenworth. Office of Legislative Affairs in Washington, Major Gordon was born March 15, 1957, in DC, where he provides advice and congres- Richmond, VA. sional Hooker, Richard D., Jr., of West Point, NY, is liaison for the Secretary of the Navy and a career Army officer now serving as assistant Chief of Naval Operations for Navy Research, professor of political science with the depart- Development, Test and Evaluation. He ment of social sciences, U.S. Military Academy, received a bachelor’s degree in economics West Point. A 1981 West Point graduate, Cap- from the U.S. Naval Academy in 1981. tain Hooker received master’s and doctoral de- He served as the senior naval aide to the grees in political science from the University Chief of Naval Operations and the engineering of Virginia in 1989. Captain Hooker joined the officer of the U.S.S. Nevada (SSBN 733). Army in 1975, serving as a rifleman in the He earned a master of science degree 82d Airborne Division before entering the U.S. in engineering management from Catholic Military Academy. He has written widely for University in 1988. Lieutenant Commander

883 June 2 / Administration of George Bush, 1992

Murphy was born January 8, 1959, in Fresno, Academy, Colorado Springs, CO, in 1980. He CA. was awarded a master’s degree from Wright Nelson, Thomas C., of Charlotte, NC, is a gen- State University in Dayton, OH, in 1986 and eral partner and founder of Wakefield Group, a master’s in business administration from a North Carolina-based venture capital firm. Golden Gate University, San Francisco, CA, He also supports entrepreneurship through in 1988. Major Warr was born on June 25, service as chairman of the Metrolina Entre- 1958, in Cleveland, OH. preneurial Council and as president of the Webster, William M., IV, of Greenville, SC, is North Carolina Venture Capital Association. president of Carabo, Inc., the largest Mr. Nelson graduated from Stanford Univer- franchisee of Bojangles Famous Chicken ’n sity in 1984 with a bachelor of science degree Biscuits restaurant chain. Webster received his in industrial engineering and later earned a bachelor’s degree in English and German, master’s degree in business administration summa cum laude, from Washington and Lee from the Harvard Graduate School of Business University in Lexington, VA, in 1979. He was in 1988. Mr. Nelson was born June 25, 1962, awarded a Fulbright scholarship to attend the in Chicago, IL. University of Regensburg in West Germany. Sampson, Rana S., of Brooklyn, NY, serves as He later earned a law degree from the Univer- a senior research associate with the Police Ex- sity of Virginia School of Law in 1983. He ecutive Research Forum in Washington, DC, was born November 7, 1957, in Greenville, SC. a nonprofit research organization dedicated to Wing, Michael J., of Tucson, AZ, is the president improving the field of policing. Ms. Sampson and chief executive officer of InfoPlan Inter- earned her bachelor’s degree, cum laude, from national, Inc., a market research firm that con- Columbia University in 1979 and her law de- ducts operations nationwide and internation- gree, cum laude, from Harvard Law School ally. He earned a bachelor’s degree in inter- in 1989. Ms. Sampson was born on January national affairs from the University of Colorado 10, 1958, in New York, NY. in 1981, an M.B.A. from Denver University Warr, Dartanian, of Cleveland, OH, a major in in 1986, and a master’s in public policy from the U.S. Air Force, is currently a student at Georgetown University in 1988. Wing has writ- the Defense Systems Management College at ten several published articles including a forth- Fort Belvoir, VA. Major Warr received his coming book. Mr. Wing was born July 1, 1959, bachelor’s degree from the U.S. Air Force in Tucson, AZ.

Remarks Prior to a Meeting With Leaders of the House of Representatives June 3, 1992

Q. Mr. President, why is it that so many starting to fight us on this, but I think the people like Mr. Perot? American people want it done. The President. Let me tell you what we’re What we’re going to talk about here is talking about today. We’re talking about the how do we get something done for the tax- balanced budget amendment. Going over a payer, and that is to stop spending more little history, the balanced budget amend- than we take in. It will discipline all ment proposal is the first one as President branches of Government, and the time has that I sent up to the Congress, and it is come to pass it. I’m going to hear from time to pass it. I think here’s something Charles Stenholm, Bill Gradison, and others that we can do. here as to how they feel that can be done. This is a bipartisan meeting, and I am So that’s what we’re talking about today. grateful to the Members here who support Thank you for your interest in this this balanced budget amendment. We’ve other—— got to stop spending more than we take Q. Aren’t you only preaching to the choir, in, and that’s the theory behind this amend- Mr. President? Day after day you only meet ment. The time has come to pass it. I un- with people who agree with you. derstand that some in the Congress are The President. We’re finished here. We’re

884 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / June 3 going to try—thank you, Helen [Helen to do. Thank you for your interest, however. Thomas, United Press International], for your input on this. But we are going to Note: The President spoke at 10:05 a.m. in keep on talking about this now in substance. the Cabinet Room at the White House. A We’ve got to get going because we only tape was not available for verification of the have, I’m told, 30 minutes. We’ve got stuff content of these remarks.

Presidential Determination No. 92–30—Memorandum on Trade With Certain States of Eastern Europe and the Former Soviet Union June 3, 1992

Memorandum for the Secretary of State of the waivers applicable to Albania, Arme- nia, Azerbaijan, Bulgaria, Byelarus, Georgia, Subject: Determination Under Section Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Moldova, Mongo- 402(d)(1) of the Trade Act of 1974, as lia, Romania, Russia, Ukraine, and Amended—Continuation of Waiver Uzbekistan will substantially promote the Authority objectives of section 402 of the Act. Pursuant to the authority vested in me You are authorized and directed to pub- under the Trade Act of 1974, as amended, lish this determination in the Federal Reg- Public Law 93–618, 88 Stat. 1978 (herein- ister. after ‘‘the Act’’), I determine, pursuant to section 402(d)(1) of the Act (19 U.S.C. GEORGE BUSH 2432(d)(1)), that the further extension of the waiver authority granted by section [Filed with the Office of the Federal Reg- 402(c) of the Act will substantially promote ister, 11:56 a.m., June 10, 1992] the objectives of section 402 of the Act. Note: The Executive order is listed in Ap- I further determine that the continuation pendix E at the end of this volume.

Message to the Congress on Trade With Certain States of Eastern Europe and the Former Soviet Union June 3, 1992

To the Congress of the United States: my determination that continuation of the I hereby transmit the documents referred waivers applicable to Albania, Armenia, Azer- to in section 402(d)(1) of the Trade Act of baijan, Bulgaria, Byelarus, Georgia, 1974, as amended (19 U.S.C. 2432(d)(1)) Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Moldova, Mongolia, (‘‘the Act’’), with respect to a further exten- Romania, Russia, Ukraine, and Uzbekistan sion of the authority to waive subsections will substantially promote the objectives of (a) and (b) of section 402 of the Act. These section 402. The attached documents also in- documents continue in effect this waiver au- clude my reasons for recommending the ex- thority for a further 12-month period. tension of the waiver authority and for my I include as part of these documents my determination that continuation of the waiv- determination that further extension of the ers currently in effect for Albania, Ar- waiver authority will substantially promote the objectives of section 402. I also include

885 June 3 / Administration of George Bush, 1992 menia, Azerbaijan, Bulgaria, Byelarus, Geor- the Act with respect to Tajikistan and gia, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Moldova, Mon- Turkmenistan prior to July 3, 1992. golia, Romania, Russia, Ukraine, and Uzbekistan will substantially promote the GEORGE BUSH objectives of section 402. The White House, My determination with respect to the June 3, 1992. waiver applicable to the People’s Republic of China and the reasons therefor is transmitted separately. Note: The Executive orders of June 3 and I intend to waive by Executive order ap- June 24 are listed in Appendix E at the end plication of sections 402(a) and 402(b) of of this volume.

Presidential Determination No. 92–31—Memorandum on Trade With Tajikistan and Turkmenistan June 3, 1992

Memorandum for the Secretary of State tially promote the objectives of section 402. Subject: Determination Under Section You are authorized and directed to pub- 402(c)(2)(A) of the Trade Act of 1974, as lish this determination in the Federal Reg- Amended—Tajikistan and Turkmenistan ister. Pursuant to section 402(c)(2)(A) of the GEORGE BUSH Trade Act of 1974 (19 U.S.C. 2432(c)(2)(A)), as amended (the ‘‘Act’’), I [Filed with the Office of the Federal Reg- determine that a waiver by Executive order ister, 11:57 a.m., June 10, 1992] of the application of subsections (a) and (b) of section 402 of the Act with respect to Note: The Executive order of June 24 is list- Tajikistan and Turkmenistan will substan- ed in Appendix E at the end of this volume.

Message to the Congress on Trade With Tajikistan and Turkmenistan June 3, 1992

To the Congress of the United States: by section 402(c)(2). Pursuant to section 402(c)(2)(A) of the Pursuant to section 402(c)(2), I shall Trade Act of 1974 (the ‘‘Act’’) (19 U.S.C. waive by Executive order the application of 2432(c)(2)(A)), I have determined that a subsections (a) and (b) of section 402 of waiver of the application of subsections (a) the Act with respect to Tajikistan and and (b) of section 402 with respect to Turkmenistan. Tajikistan and Turkmenistan will substantially promote the objectives of section 402. GEORGE BUSH A copy of that determination is enclosed. The White House, I have also received assurances with respect June 3, 1992. to the emigration practices of Tajikistan and Turkmenistan required by section 402(c)(2)(B) of the Act. This message con- Note: The Executive order of June 24 is list- stitutes the report to the Congress required ed in Appendix E at the end of this volume.

886 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / June 4

Nomination of John Frank Bookout, Jr., To Be United States Ambassador to Saudi Arabia June 3, 1992

The President today announced his inten- in several positions including: executive vice tion to nominate John Frank Bookout, Jr., president for exploration and production in of Texas, to be Ambassador of the United Houston, TX; president of Shell Canada, States of America to the Kingdom of Saudi Ltd. in Toronto, Canada; and as vice presi- Arabia. He would succeed Chas.W. Free- dent of New Orleans exploration and pro- man, Jr. duction. Currently Mr. Bookout serves as super- Mr. Bookout graduated from the Univer- visory director of Royal Dutch Shell in The sity of Texas at Austin (B.S. and M.A., Hague, Netherlands. From 1976 to 1988, 1950). He was born December 31, 1922, he served as president and chief executive in Shreveport, LA. Mr. Bookout is married, officer of Shell Oil Co. in Houston, TX. has three children, and resides in Houston, From 1950 to 1976, Mr. Bookout served TX.

Presidential Determination No. 92–32—Memorandum on Trade With Angola June 3, 1992

Memorandum for the Secretary of State paragraph (B)(i) of such section. Subject: Determination Under Section You are authorized and directed to report 2(b)(2) of the Export-Import Bank Act of this determination to the Congress and to 1945, as Amended: People’s Republic of publish it in the Federal Register. Angola GEORGE BUSH Pursuant to the authority vested in me by section 2(b)(2)(C) of the Export-Import [Filed with the Office of the Federal Reg- Bank Act of 1945, as amended (the Act), ister, 11:58 a.m., June 10, 1992] 12 U.S.C. 635(b)(2)(C), I hereby determine that the People’s Republic of Angola has Note: This memorandum was released by ceased to be a Marxist-Leninist country the Office of the Press Secretary on June within the definition of such terms in sub- 4.

Remarks on Signing the Proclamation Commemorating the 50th Anniversary of World War II June 4, 1992

May I salute Secretary Card and General Congress who are with us today. I believe Powell; the Deputy Secretary of Veterans Senator Cranston was going to be here. Affairs, Mr. Principi; the Deputy Secretary Here he is, right over here; see you, Alan. of Defense with us, Don Atwood; Secretary And of course, Congressmen Montgomery, Larry Garrett; Secretary Rice; and Michael Stump, Myers, and who am I missing—Sen- Stone of the Army; General Mundy, who’s ator, sorry. We have a distinguished group right over here; and then the Members of here to salute the occasion. And also Don

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Wilson is with us, the Archivist, and Albert what the lion cried as a voice in the wilder- McCluskey, a veteran of the Battle of Mid- ness: ‘‘No one ever walks away from appeas- way, other veterans here today, and mem- ing an aggressor. He only crawls.’’ bers of civic and veterans service organiza- Weakening our defenses during a time of tions, and also some other members of the peace is an open invitation to those with Joint Chiefs, I see. May I salute General the potential to wage war. And as President, Kicklighter, the Executive Director, and as long as I’m President, the military’s com- members of the Department of Defense’s mitment to defending freedom will be World War II Commemoration Committee. matched by our commitment to defending Welcome, all, to the White House and the military. Some say our victory in the to this special observance of the 50th anni- cold war allows us to pull back to our own versary of an event which linked Americans’ water’s edge. And I say, just as America’s hearts and minds, the monumental struggle vigilance helped us win that war, so a strong known as the Second World War. Over- America can now help win the peace. night, World War II literally transformed We seek a world where differences are America from a people at peace to a nation solved peacefully, where the force of law at war that would define the course of his- really outlasts the use of force. Sacrifices tory for the rest of this century. made heroically 50 years ago have helped The attack on Pearl Harbor forced Amer- bring about a new and better world. And ica to abandon isolationism and take up the it’s a world I thought of last December mantle of leadership. World War II was where, on the 50th anniversary of Pearl fought for American soil and sovereignty. Harbor, Barbara and I looked at the sunken It was also fought to defend people who, hull of the Arizona out there, the U.S.S. hating war, sought only peace, people every- Arizona, tomb to more than a thousand where who yearn for freedom, then and great heroes, the greatest that any nation now. has ever known. There I thought of the wife The year 1942 was crucial to our history. Americans came together. Each citizen whose best friend was her husband and the sought ways to do his or her part. And fac- little boy whose brother, his idol, once tories designed to build the tools of peace vowed to take him fishing after the fighting produced the tools of war: ships, planes, stopped. I thought of the father whose son tanks, ammunition, all crucial to the Allied or daughter would now know him as a mar- effort. It wasn’t easy, but we did it. We tyr but never as a dad. And I resolved once did it fast. We did the hard work of free- again we must never, ever let America’s de- dom. fenses down. I was 17 on December 7, 1941, and like The men who died there in World War so many here, not so many in this room II would today, I am convinced, and I think but like some—[laughter]—enlisted on my I said it out there, be very, very proud of 18th birthday as a Seaman Second Class. America: proud of what we have become I do remember vividly the news from the as a Nation because of their service and early days, how it was grim. Guam was over- sacrifice, proud of how their fate and faith run, and the reports from the Pacific were still stir and shape us. So we honor them, rather scary; Bataan and Corregidor fell. Yet and we remember them so that future gen- the Battle of the Coral Sea foiled Japanese erations will say of us what we do also: God plans to invade Port Moresby and New bless this wondrous land, the United States Guinea. And 50 years ago this week our of America. forces began what may have been the great- World War II was a fight that we did est naval battle of all time. Midway turned not seek, against enemies that we didn’t the tide of World War II. And the inevitable choose, for a cause that is first among all: Allied victory, you could feel it. It began the right of people everywhere to be free. to take shape. In that spirit, then, it is my honor to once Winston Churchill once said of World again welcome all of you to the White House War II, ‘‘There never was a war in all his- and to sign the proclamation designating tory easier to prevent.’’ Today let us recall the National Observance of the 50th

888 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / June 4

Anniversary of World War II. And thank very much for being with us. you all for coming. Note: The President spoke at 11:30 a.m. in [At this point, the President signed the proc- the Roosevelt Room at the White House. The lamation.] proclamation is listed in Appendix E at the Well, the deed is done. Thank you all end of this volume.

Nomination of Kenneth L. Brown To Be United States Ambassador to Ghana June 4, 1992

The President today announced his inten- Ambassador to the Congo, 1981–84. In ad- tion to nominate Kenneth L. Brown, of dition, Mr. Brown has served in several po- California, a career member of the Senior sitions at the State Department, including Foreign Service, class of Minister-Coun- Director, Central African Affairs, 1980–81; selor, to be Ambassador of the United Deputy Director, United Nations Political States of America to the Republic of Ghana. Affairs, 1979–80; and Deputy Director of He would succeed Raymond Charles the Press Office, 1977–79. Ewing. Mr. Brown graduated from Pomona Col- Currently Mr. Brown serves as Ambas- lege (B.A., 1959), Yale University (M.A., sador to Cote d’Ivoire in Abidjan, Cote 1960), and New York University (M.A., d’Ivoire. From 1987 to 1989, he served as 1975). He was born December 6, 1936, in Deputy Assistant Secretary of State. Mr. Seminole, OK. Mr. Brown is married, has Brown has served as consul general in Jo- three children, and resides in Abidjan, Cote hannesburg, South Africa, 1984–87, and as d’Ivoire.

The President’s News Conference June 4, 1992

The President. I have a brief statement, family that he’d finally borrowed enough and then I’ll be glad to take questions. money to pay off his debts. Two months ago, I asked the Congress Our political system, as it is now, has to cut almost $8 billion in wasteful spending failed to meet its responsibility to address projects. Tonight I’ve just signed the cuts this problem. In the face of a several hun- that Congress sent to me in response. It’s dred billion dollar budget deficit, a piece- not all that I asked for, but it is a start. meal approach simply will not do the job. Eight billion dollars sounds like a lot of We need a constitutional amendment to money, and it is. But the fact remains: It balance the Federal budget, and we need isn’t good enough, not by a long shot. it now. The American people know budget defi- Three years ago, in my first address to cits threaten the long-term economic health the Congress, I asked the Senate and the of our country. Over the years, we’ve accu- House to pass such an amendment. Every mulated Federal debt totaling $65,000 for year since then, I have repeated the call. every family of four in America. This debt Like President Reagan before me, I have does not create more wealth; it merely helps tried to get Congress to act responsibly and pay for our current consumption. It reminds to restrain the growth of Federal spending. me of the old fellow who bragged to his We’ve tried compromise. We’ve tried con-

889 June 4 / Administration of George Bush, 1992 frontation. We’ve tried quiet diplomacy with Presidential Campaign the congressional leaders. And none of this Q. Mr. President, I’d like to ask you about has been enough. Tonight I am more con- Ross Perot. People claim that you’re hiding, vinced than ever that a balanced budget and you’re afraid to take him on directly. amendment is the only way to force the Will you commit yourself to debating Mr. Federal Government, both the Congress Perot as well as Bill Clinton in the fall cam- and the executive branch, to live within its paign? means. The President. I’m sure there will be de- This month, both Houses of Congress will bates, and I will be ready to join the fray vote on a balanced budget amendment. It after the conventions. But as you know, I is impossible to underestimate the impor- have not challenged directly either Perot or tance of this one decision. It will affect Clinton, Mr. Perot or Governor Clinton. I every other decision that the Government have no intention of changing that before makes from that moment on, and it will the convention. bear directly on the quality of life that we I am trying to get things done that will leave the generations who follow us. help this country. A balanced budget Victory will not come easily. The amend- amendment is a good example of that. If ment requires a two-thirds majority from I get too caught up in the political wars both the Senate and the House. I’m pleased at this time, it will be even more difficult to say that many serious-minded Members, to get things through the Congress that will Republicans and Democrats alike, support help: a crime bill, an education bill, bal- this measure. They understand this is not anced budget amendment, things that we a partisan fight; it goes far beyond election- really need. So I’m going to keep on this year politics. It is a fight for the economic course that I’ve been. I’ve been faithful to security of the American people. it during the primary season, and I will con- I realize that some in Washington continue to be until I make a decision to sider a balanced budget amendment a rath- change. er radical step. Well, I strongly doubt that Q. I mean in the fall campaign. I’m not the American people consider a balanced talking about immediately, right now, but budget amendment as radical. It’s common will you commit yourself to debating the sense, pure and simple. Each month mil- two men—— lions of American families sit down to bal- The President. There will be debates. ance their checkbooks; 44 States, 44 States Q. Mr. President, granting the legality, is have their own constitutional balanced it proper for a man, for a candidate with budget requirements. The Federal Govern- vast personal wealth and no spending limits ment must now do the same. to use that to obtain the Presidency? Since The moment is at hand. In the coming you’ve known Mr. Perot for so long, is he days, we will face an extraordinary choice. an insider, an outsider? Is he a man of prin- We can choose either to accept the status ciple, or does he go for the main—— quo, piling debt upon debt, or we can strike The President. Helen [Helen Thomas, a bold new course, restoring fiscal sanity United Press International], I’d love to an- to the Federal Government. If we choose swer that question, and after the—— wrongly, our grandchildren and their grand- Q. Well, why don’t you? children are going to bear the burden. I The President. Because I’ve vowed to refuse to believe that we will make them keep my sights set on these legislative goals pay the price for Washington’s irresponsibil- and on leading this country. If I get into ity. For their sake, I urge every Congress- characterizing one opponent or another, I man and every Senator to join me in sup- diminish my effectiveness in doing that. porting the swift approval of a balanced We’ve got a good chance now, and some budget amendment. of it’s brought about by the primaries, I Now I will be glad to respond to ques- think, to pass this balanced budget amend- tions. I think, Terry [Terence Hunt, Associ- ment, for example. I’m a little disappointed ated Press], I think you have the first. that our education reform bill is languishing

890 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / June 4 up there. I’d like to see us get a good en- The President. No. Well, I don’t think so. ergy bill soon. But if I start concentrating I’ll tell you what, I think most people would on the politics, I’m afraid I will waste an concede that my problems stem from this opportunity. I think we’re in a real oppor- sluggish, anemic economy. I think you can tunity situation now. trace those problems to getting bigger with Q. Do you think he’s trying to buy the that. Now, I think the economy’s improving. Presidency? We still have some big problems there. For The President. Well, so far not. We’ll wait a person that’s out of work, for him, that and see. unemployment is 100 percent. For a woman Charles [Charles Bierbauer, Cable News that can’t get a job that wants one, for her, Network]. unemployment is 100 percent. Q. Mr. President, you’ve often said that So we’ve got to keep pushing ahead. I you’ve not done so terrific a job of getting would make the appeal right now for our your message across. Tonight you’ve growth incentives to further stimulate an changed the venue. But I wanted to ask economy that is beginning to move and is you if, indeed, what you’ve seen in the polls beginning to move positively. and the constant one-third or more of the But no, I think my fortunes have been electorate that’s going other ways isn’t a re- related to that. I think, if I’ll take the blame, jection of that message in and of itself? some of which I’ll take, as the economy has The President. I don’t think so because been sick, I assume the American people you ask in these deadly polls that I read are fair enough to give credit when there’s all the time about, relating to issues, and recovery. it’s vague out there. We’ve got a good pro- Q. Your spokesman today described Mr. gram. Tonight maybe this is a more effec- Perot as a man whose entire history is to tive way to say we want a balanced budget stomp into the group, demand to do things amendment. We’ve got a good program on his way, and if he doesn’t get it, to pick the Hill to achieve a balanced budget up his football and go home. The Vice amendment or, after the balanced budget President the other day questioned his judg- amendment is passed, to achieve a balanced ment, saying he had been wrong on your budget. most important decision of the Presidency, So I think we’ve just got to keep hammer- the Persian Gulf war. Do you share their ing away on the issues because I believe assessments? the American people are with me. If they The President. I’m glad that they are put- understand our total reform of education, ting their focus on these problems, but I’m they’ll support it. Most Americans want a not going to do it myself. I have a difference tougher crime bill. I heard people out on clearly as far as the Persian Gulf war goes, the West Coast, who don’t vote for tougher no question. I think the American people crime legislation, all advertising in those 90- support the actions that I took. I believe second bites they paid for, ads how tough it was correct. I believe we performed well. they are on crime. Maybe we’ve got a better I believe we set back aggression. I believe chance now to pass an administration crime there was a whole new pride in this country. bill. The international community supported it So I’m going to keep focusing on those overwhelmingly. issues. Hopefully, the American people will So as people point these things out, that’s say, ‘‘He has a sound program for domestic fair. As his supporters point out what they affairs, just as he does in foreign relations.’’ think might be foibles in me, that’s fair, Q. But if I could follow, sir, hasn’t the too. but I’m going to stay on the path that pattern through the primaries been such I’ve outlined. that the American people have been constantly looking for an alternative? The President. Yes—— Balanced Budget Q. You may have put Pat Buchanan be- Q. Mr. President, the amendment you’re hind, but now you’ve got Ross Perot. Is he talking about would require a balanced the inheritor of that? budget within 2 years. If you’re reelected,

891 June 4 / Administration of George Bush, 1992 will you submit a balanced fiscal 1994 budg- But I want to keep this country growing, et whether or not you’re required to by a and I want to see us have the cleanest, best constitutional amendment? record in the world. Besides that, we have The President. It won’t be—of course, we a Clean Air Act that others ought to take have submitted a balanced—but it won’t be a look at and say, ‘‘You’ve done wonders in 2 years. We have submitted budgets that in getting what you did through, President get in it; we’ve got one right up there now Bush.’’ So I’m going to go on the offense, that does that. I think it’s going to be 5 not defense. years. Q. Well, I’m just wondering, sir, clearly, U.N. Conference on Environment many of those who are there are aware of the elements of your record and have come Q. Mr. President, if the experience of to the conclusions which they so vocally ex- your EPA chief in Rio to date is any indica- press anyway. How do you think this can tion, there’s quite a reception committee of be a plus for you down there? harsh critics of this administration and of The President. Well, hey, listen, I’m used you, sir, waiting for you down there. Under to a little criticism. I want to go on the the circumstances, if that’s what the recep- offense and say what we’ve done and what tion is going to be in Rio, why go? we’re prepared to do. I wouldn’t go along The President. Well, because we’ve got with the extremes in many of these inter- a sound and sensible environmental record national negotiations. But I have some re- and we have a strong role of international sponsibility, responsibility for a cleaner envi- leadership. ronment and also responsibility to families I wonder if the American taxpayer knows in this country who want to work, some of that we have spent something like $800 bil- whom can be thrown out of work if we lion in the last 10 years on cleaning up go for too costly an answer to some of these things, the atmosphere, environment, in problems. I’m not going to forget the Amer- many, many ways? It is estimated that it ican family. will be $1.2 trillion spent by the United If they don’t understand it in Rio, too States taxpayers and businesses over the bad. I’m not going to be driven though, next 10 years. Brit, by the extremes of these movements. We have a superb record to take to that They started protesting before they even convention. I am not going to go down know what our position was. But I’m going there and forget about people that need there and take this record, and I’m con- jobs in the United States of America. I’m vinced that it will be very productive. going to take a strong record, the leading record on science and technology, the leading record on oceans, the leading record The Economy on forests, the leading records on protecting Q. Mr. President, you say your problems the elephant, the leading records on CFC’s. in the primaries have been caused largely We’ve got a good record. But because I by the anemic economy. Yet the economy will not sign a treaty that, in my view, is improving, and the voters seem to be throws too many Americans out of work, walking away from you in droves, sir. Don’t I refuse to accept that kind of criticism from you take it personally, and what are you what I consider some of the extremes in going to do about it? the environmental movement, internation- The President. I don’t take it personally. ally or domestically. As a guy that never looks at polls, as you So we’ve got a record to take there, Brit know, I would like to cite a poll figure for [Brit Hume, ABC News]. And I want to you: 70 percent of the people in the most go down there. We’re passing out booklets recent poll I saw that was done for our cam- and little CD’s, you know, little discs to paign said that they thought the economy show everything. I was out at Goddard the was getting worse. And the economy is mov- other day. The science that we have that ing. There’s still some problems. As I say, can help the Third World is mind-boggling. when a person’s hurting for a job, that wor- We want to share it with these people. ries me. But gross national product,

892 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / June 4

GNP is moving. Industrial production is up. challenged in Yugoslavia these days. It ap- Payroll employment is up. Another thing pears that the sanctions are not working that’s up and then soon will be picked up against Serbia. When are you going to take in these broad polls is that Michigan survey the lead of an international coalition to on business confidence. So things are turn- force Milosevic out of Bosnia, the way you ing around, and yet, at this juncture, the did with Saddam Hussein out of Kuwait? American people haven’t felt it. When they The President. I think the sanctions—I’m do, I expect to see some change. not prepared to give up on the sanctions But no, I don’t take it personally. I hon- at all. They’ve only been in effect for a few estly don’t, Ellen [Ellen Warren, Knight- days. As you know, first on this question Ridder]. of Yugoslavia, out in front was the United Q. Aren’t the American people—— Nations. You had Cyrus Vance as a rep- The President. I’ve been in tough times resentative of the United Nations, did a su- before. perb job trying to negotiate, ably supple- Q. Well, sir, aren’t the American people mented, I might say, by Peter Carrington. right in holding you personally responsible They tried to work that problem, had our for the problems of this country? full support. The President. Well, I think they hold me The EC, which is right there in the neigh- responsible to some degree, and I think borhood, tried to have an effective role. It they hold the United States Congress re- now appears that a U.S. role, catalytic role, sponsible. I would remind the people that is important. Thus, we are moving forward. Congress appropriates every dime and tells Secretary Baker made a very strong state- me how to spend every dime. It’s the Con- ment on this recently, has worked closely gress that does that. But sure, I’ll accept with the leaders of Europe. So we are my share of the responsibility for this long united in this sanctions question. Let’s see recession, and so will the Congress. if it works. But I’m not prepared to say But the question isn’t blame, the question these sanctions will not work. is what you do about it. I’ve proposed to- Q. Is the fact that the elections are ap- night: Let’s move on the balanced budget proaching in the U.S. preventing a military amendment. Let’s move on my growth ini- action? tiatives that would stimulate investment, like The President. I think prudence and cau- cutting the capital gains, moving on the in- tion prevents military actions. If I decide vestment allowance that speeds up depre- to change my mind on that, I will do it ciation, first-time credit for homebuyers. in an inclusive way. But at this juncture I This is all good and valuable stuff that want to stay with these sanctions. would speed this economy up. Wait a minute. Gene [Gene Gibbons, So I don’t think it’s a question of blame. Reuters], I’m sorry. I recognized him and It’s a question of staying in this nonpolitical did not follow through. mode for a while longer, challenging the Balanced Budget Congress to help us help the American people. Q. Mr. President, your Budget Director Q. Well, sir, the Congress hasn’t passed yesterday laid out a number of ways of all these programs you talked about—— bringing the deficit under control, even The President. It’s not too late. They without a balanced budget amendment. But ought to try now. all of them would require taking on tough Q. So why don’t you tell us what you pressure groups. You have not often seemed really think about Ross Perot? to use the bully pulpit of the Presidency The President. What’s that have to do to do that, to take a direct head-on ap- with it? Come on. proach. Why not? The President. We’ve got the program up Yugoslavia there. There are some 30 pages of options. Q. Sir, you say that you have a strong You don’t have to touch Social Security to international leadership role. But the new do this, and I’m not going to do that. We world order that you are promoting is being have made growth assumptions in there

893 June 4 / Administration of George Bush, 1992 that can be easily met—4, 4, 3.2, 3.2, 3.2, the prisoners. What happened beyond those are the percentages of growth—can that—I saw a detailed story today that I easily be met if we move with partial growth simply cannot comment on. Marlin agenda that I’ve proposed. Fitzwater, then the Press Secretary for So I will keep repeating, as I did in the President Reagan, is on the record at a pub- State of the Union Message, as I did subse- lic press conference commenting on the quently right here in this room: Get the Perot role, so I would refer you to that. Congress to pass this growth agenda. That was back in, I believe in ’87. I’d rather But that’s what’s needed, plus some direct leave it right there. But if he’s going to controls of spending. You can do it by con- explain this to the Congress, that’s good. trolling the growth of these spending pro- I hadn’t heard that. grams, leave out Social Security, to the rate of inflation and population increase. It’s not a gimmick; it works. It’s not rosy scenario; Presidential Campaign it works. That is my detailed proposal. Q. Mr. President, in the interest of party I’d like to see some other detailed propos- unity and since he has indicated that he als, but that is a good one. It’s sitting up is going to endorse you at the Houston con- there right now. It won’t be done if we vention, would you like Pat Buchanan to don’t control the growth of mandatory pro- have the prime-time speech that he wants grams. That’s where, what, two-thirds or to have at the Republican Convention in close to three-fourths of the budget is. August? Q. But the limits on mandatory programs The President. Susan [Susan Spencer, would involve pain and sacrifice. And yet, CBS News], I’ll be honest with you, I neither you nor Mr. Perot nor Mr. Clinton haven’t focused on that at all. I welcome talks about that. Has Presidential politics the support of all Republicans. Let’s see become so sound-bite driven that it’s politi- how he handles this, and let the people han- cally suicidal to level with the American dling the convention work it out. That is people? not on my agenda. The President. I don’t think it’s suicidal. Q. With the benefit of hindsight, do you And I think our program up there that gives think his primary challenge was damaging many suggestions as to how to achieve this to you or helpful or what? is good. And yes, it’s not easy. Medicare, The President. Well, I can’t say it was par- Medicaid growth is going through the roof. ticularly helpful. But he got into a long line And yes, we’re going to have to find ways of people criticizing me, five on the Demo- to control it. But what we’ve done is detail cratic side and one there. But maybe I’m the areas that need to be controlled. I think a little stronger for it. Maybe I’m a little that is a sensible, sound, detailed program. better—be a little better candidate when it Kathy [Kathy Lewis, Dallas Morning comes to the fall. I did not engage with News]. Pat Buchanan. I don’t plan to do that now. Ross Perot and POW–MIA’s But I’ll grope around to see if I can think Q. Mr. President, a fair amount has been of some reason it’s helpful. [Laughter] But written about Ross Perot’s role with the I have no hard feelings about that at all. Reagan administration on the POW–MIA issue, and it relates directly to you. If one news report is correct, he’s going to testify Iraq on the subject soon. You said you won’t Q. Mr. President, critics of yours on Cap- characterize him, but can’t you tell us what itol Hill have said your policies toward Sad- your dealings were with him on this issue? dam Hussein before the Gulf war strength- The President. I will be prepared to ened him and made him more likely to elaborate on that later on. My dealings make an attack against one of his neighbors. were: I was a member of the Reagan ad- How do you respond to that? I’ve got a ministration. For a while he was over being followup. quite helpful, trying to do something about The President. I respond that that’s not

894 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / June 4 right. As I said at my last press conference, for the Presidency? What would you say? we tried, not through strengthening his nu- The President. Well, I’d say ‘‘Ross, I think clear or biological or chemical weapons has I’ve been a good President. I believe that been alleged, not by giving him part of Ku- a man of your ability and talent ought to wait has been alleged, but we tried to work support me. We’ve known each other a long with him on grain credits and things of this time; in my view, it’s been favorable.’’ And nature to avoid aggressive action. And it just leave it there. I would admit it might failed. It failed. That approach, holding out be a little bit of a long shot in persuading a hand, trying to get him to renounce ter- him. rorism and join the family of nations didn’t Q. But if he said, ‘‘Well, George, I hear work. And the minute he moved aggres- what you’re saying. You want me to follow sively, we moved aggressively and set back you, but you’ve got to tell me where you’re aggression. going,’’ what would you say? You’ve got a lot of people that opposed The President. Oh, I’d say, ‘‘Let me re- what happened on the war, stood there and fresh you on our domestic agenda. Please didn’t want to move, that are now trying give me your support for the balanced to revise history. So I am not persuaded budget amendment that we’re trying to pass by the critics at all. I know what we did. right now, and bring along Bill Clinton if There wasn’t anything illegal. We tried you’ve got any influence on him. We’re talk- hard, and I’ve said so. It didn’t work, but ing about issues here. We’ve got a tough we were not going to let aggression stand. crime bill before the Congress. Help me When he moved into Kuwait, I decided this pass it. We’ve got an education reform bill will not stand, and it didn’t. that literally revolutionizes education. Give Yes, what’s the followup? me a hand with this one. If you know any- Q. The followup: The House Judiciary body in the Congress—it appears you Committee looks like they’re going to rec- may—give them a call.’’ I’d take this ap- ommend special prosecutors and counsel, proach, you see, to him. I’d try to enlist investigators, and ask the Attorney General his help on support for our approach to the to—— environment. I’d say, ‘‘Help me help these The President: I wonder whether they’re democratic countries around the world. going to use the same prosecutors that are Help me help them secure their democ- trying out there to see whether I was in racy.’’ Paris in 1980 and flew home in an SR– You see, I think we have a good agenda, 71 Blackbird? I mean, where are we going and that’s the approach I’d take, anyway. with the taxpayers’ money in this political Yes, Frank [Frank Murray, Washington year? So let them look at it. It’s no problem Times]. to me. But I think at some point somebody Two-Party System ought to say, ‘‘Where is all this money going that goes to pay for these special prosecu- Q. Mr. President, you’ve spent much of tors rummaging through files and proving your life as part of the two-party system. nothing?’’ I was not in Paris. And we did You’ve headed one of the major parties. In nothing illegal or wrong here. We tried, and this unusual political year, how do you as- it didn’t work. We moved, and that’s the sess the viability of the two-party system in answer to it. the future? And why would any candidate submit himself to grueling primaries if he Presidential Campaign could just announce and run? Q. Mr. President, since you know Ross The President. I think the two-party sys- Perot, if you were to run into him while tem has really given us the most stable po- you’re out campaigning for reelection, for litical system in the world. And yes, we’re example, what would you say to him to con- going through an unusual period. But the vince him to—— two-party system has provided us fantastic The President. Support me? historical stability. You look around the Q. ——support you and give up his quest world and compare this system with

895 June 4 / Administration of George Bush, 1992 any other democratic system, and I think people that have different views on this that would avail. I’m sure the Brits take issue. I am not persuaded that people all great pride in their parliamentary system, across this country vote on only one issue, but I think our two-party system has pro- abortion. I think they’re interested in world vided us with the stability that heretofore peace. I think they’re interested in edu- we’ve simply taken for granted. cation. I think they happen to be very sup- So my view, as this campaign unfolds, as portive of the balanced budget amendment. all of us spell out our position on the issues, So my position is well-known, and I’m going people are going to recognize that, and the to stay with it. But as I say, we’ve got many two parties will be strong when this election good Republicans who disagree with me on is over. that issue, and they may disagree with me on the balanced budget amendment or Primary Elections some of these other things I feel very pas- Q. And the question of why any candidate sionately about. would expose himself to the primaries Jim [Jim Miklaszewski, ABC News]. and—— The President. That’s what Barbara was Presidential Campaign asking me a few minutes ago. Q. What’s your answer? Q. You mentioned a moment ago the The President. Say, hey, I want to con- polls, the 70-percent figure about the econ- tinue this job to help this country. I want omy. But you know, the cold war is over; to help preserve world peace and strength- Desert Storm has become pretty much a en it, and we’ve done pretty well there. I faded memory for many Americans. And want to move forward on these issues that people are turning inward and asking, we’re talking about here tonight, the bal- ‘‘Well, Mr. President, what have you done anced budget amendment. I won’t repeat for us lately?’’ More than 80 percent of the them all, but it’s worth finishing the job. American people now feel that the United Nobody likes the primary process. I had States is on the wrong track. How, between a call from a Senator, kind of asking how now and November, are you going to con- I was holding up because, he said, ‘‘Hey, vince Americans that they are better off you’ve been criticized a little in the news- than they were 4 years ago? papers and on the television.’’ And I said, The President. Most Americans are fun- ‘‘Hey, that goes with the job. I’ll do my damentally optimistic, and they’re going to best, and I think things are going to turn see a recovering economy. It may not be around in that regard.’’ But to get out of as robust as we all like, but they’re going the arena, to suggest that you’re not going to say as they feel that and as they see new to run because it’s not particularly pleasant, opportunities and see a growth in this econ- that’s not the way I operate. omy, they’re going to say, ‘‘Hey, things are getting better.’’ Abortion Americans aren’t pessimists. They’re not Q. Mr. President, there are many polls down on the country. We’ve been through that now show that in California and else- a long haul. Then I’m going to say to them, where that most Republicans favor the pro- ‘‘Hey, do your kids go to bed at night with choice position on abortion. And I wonder, more worry or less worry about nuclear in view of that and in view of the clear war?’’ I think that’s a significant change. I feeling of pro-choice in the party, that you think most every, every family in America feel the platform needs to be changed, and is better off for those historic changes that what your own view is on the whole notion my predecessor and I helped bring about. of whether the abortion debate is going to I use the word ‘‘helped.’’ be prominent in the fall? So you’ve got to look at the whole picture. The President. Well, no, I hope the plat- And then I think they’re going to say, form committee, in their wisdom, adopts ‘‘Here’s what the President has been trying the same language as we had before. Having to get through the Congress.’’ And I come said that, there is room in our party for back to it: the balanced budget amend-

896 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / June 4 ment, strong crime, whatever it is, good politicians on Capitol Hill to tell you why record on the environment. ‘‘What’s he up it can’t be done?’’ And see, I think when against here?’’ They’re going to have a clear that is in focus, I think that the American choice to make. people will support me. I’ve tried to keep Then they’re going to say, ‘‘Does this the faith with the people, and I think one President identify with my views on family, heartening point is people see the President and does he share the leadership traits that is a strong leader. They may not like the I want to see in a leader?’’ and those kinds direction things are going in, but that is of things. Those aren’t in focus now. something that I find rather comforting. They’re not in focus because five Democrats Q. So you haven’t been tough enough, were out there just hammering away on the is that what you’re saying? President of the United States. I smile and The President. I need your assistance, Jim, say, ‘‘Look, we’ll meet you in the fall.’’ And in getting out the message now tonight, one Republican was doing the same thing loud and clear, on what the President said every single night. Had some assistance out about the balanced budget amendment. If here from time to time from one or the you can put an editorial or two on there other in the room. saying this is a good idea, it would help You know, I’m putting my confidence in enormously. I don’t think you can do that. the people saying, ‘‘We’re going to get But if you could I’d welcome that kind of something done,’’ and take the case to the support, because that’s what the American American people on the issues. That’s the people want, and we’ve got to get that mes- way I think you ought to do it. sage to the Congress. Q. But Mr. President, they aren’t anywhere near that right now, and as a matter Justice Clarence Thomas of fact, some of your advisers are pretty Q. Mr. President, you said that your prob- alarmed at the fact—— lems stem from the economy. In addition, The President. No, they’re not alarmed. Q. Well, while the economic figures are are some of your problems also related to improving, your own poll numbers are on the Clarence Thomas-Anita Hill hearings? the decline. They are not associating you, The President. None. We forgot. Now we sir, with any improvement in the economy. see a revision. We forget that the American The President. But 70 percent of the peo- people overwhelmingly supported Clarence ple, as I told you, Jim, according to one, Thomas. He is being a good Justice. And I thought it was one of your surveys, seem the fact that some candidates are out there to think the economy’s getting worse. I trying to revise that part of history, I’m think it’s getting better. It takes a while; sorry, I don’t agree with that. There may there’s a lag there. Unemployment’s a lag- be some. Now, I can’t say that everyone ging indicator, for example. So it takes a agrees with what I said. I support Clarence while to see the change. Thomas. I think he’ll be an outstanding Jus- I haven’t been in the playing field on the tice. He passed a Senate that is controlled primaries. I’ve been trying to get something by the opposition party. He conducted him- done for the country. But when we go to self with honor in those hearings. And that’s the country and say, ‘‘Do you want a strong my position. I’m proud to have stayed with crime bill, or do you want this watered- him when the going got tough. down variety that’s up in the Justice Depart- ment controlled by the Democrats that have Presidential Campaign been there forever; which do you want?’’ Q. Mr. President, you say that the leader- I think the American people will support ship qualities that are going to come up me. later are not in focus right now, but it would I’ll say to them, ‘‘Do you want a balanced seem that leadership is the focus. That’s the budget amendment that will make the exec- only thing that Ross Perot has been running utive branch and the legislative branch do on, is leadership. He has not addressed the something about the deficits, or do you issues; you are addressing the issues. How want a lot of reasons from some entrenched do you feel, what do you say to

897 June 4 / Administration of George Bush, 1992

Republicans who are going over and sup- in the American people. This isn’t done be- porting him about your personal leadership cause there’s something on the horizon right qualities? now and people are going to—you know, The President. I say take a look at what let them decide. Let them sort out this. happened in Desert Storm where I didn’t I can understand that appeal, ‘‘I’m from have to get anybody else’s action. I moved. outside; I’ll solve all the problems.’’ And I saw a threat. I did what was required. some day you guys are going start: How I didn’t have to get a Congress controlled are you going to do it? How are you going by the opposition party to move. The people to get this through the Congress? What do saw leadership and action there. you believe? Do you think the President’s The people know that the House of Rep- right on the balanced budget amendment? resentatives and the Senate control all the Are you with him or against him? Do you legislation. My crime bill, my balanced think he’s right as he tries to tighten down budget quest, whatever it is, they control on crime legislation? How do you feel on it all. So I think when this campaign gets the narcotic problem? How do you feel on really rolling, and it hasn’t started from our world peace? Were you with him when he standpoint, when that happens, I think had to make a very tough call on setting these things will be in focus. back aggression, a move that was saluted So I understand the quest for change and all over the entire world and put this coun- the appeal, ‘‘I can bring you the new answer try together like it’s never been together here.’’ I can understand all that. But I also in the past, since World War II? think the American people are pretty smart. You see, I think we’re dealing in a funny I think they’re going to look at the overall time here, a time warp. I think, come fall, record. I think they’re going to analyze the when we’re out there taking our case to proposals. I think they’re going to look at the people, with an improved economy be- a person’s overall values. I think then I have hind us, I still feel confident about the out- the confidence that it won’t be just the Re- come of the political election. I feel con- publicans that will be supporting me; it will fident about ability to heal any wounds that be the guy in the neighborhood who’s won- may have been opened along the way. dering, ‘‘Who’s going to be the best to take Thank you all very much. Thank you, care of the criminal elements here? Who’s Helen. going to support the incentives to improve the economy?’’ That’s what I think. Q. Mr. President, aren’t we into a no- Note: The President’s 129th news conference win situation here? Because even if you do began at 8:01 p.m. in the East Room at win, even if you do defeat Ross Perot, there the White House. During the news con- are going to be a lot of Republicans out ference, the following persons were referred there who supported him, and there’s going to: Slobodan Milosevic, President of Serbia; to be a lot of reprisal and revenge. Cyrus Vance, Special Negotiator for the The President. There’s no reprisals. Look, United Nations on Yugoslavia; and Lord Americans—as Helen says, we’re through Peter Carrington, Special European Com- here, but let me tell you something. You’re munity Negotiator on Yugoslavia. H.R. dealing in a little cocoon here. We’re talking 4990, approved June 4, was assigned Public about something big: faith and confidence Law No. 102–298.

898 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / June 5

Exchange With Reporters Prior to Discussions With Prime Minister Gro Harlem Brundtland of Norway June 5, 1992

U.N. Conference on Environment must, as President, and will as a human Q. Mr. President, are you trying to under- being keep in mind the needs of American cut Mr. Reilly at Rio? There’s a problem families to have jobs. I am the one that there. is burdened with finding the balance be- The President. Mr. Reilly, the top envi- tween sound environmental practice on the ronmentalist, has my full support. He con- one hand and jobs for American families ducts himself the way he should, with great on the other. dignity and great decency. That a document We’re walking a tight line there. We’ve that he prepared properly was leaked, I find found the proper formulation for America, terribly offensive. I saw him today on the and that is my responsibility. I’ll go down television this morning, and I thought he to Rio and proclaim the solid points of a was outstanding. In fact, I’m trying to call sound environmental record. We want to him to tell him that. share this technology and this experience Q. Who leaked it? with the rest of the world. The President. I have no idea, and I wish Q. Sir, speaking—— you’d help us on that one. The President. ——anything to be apolo- Q. Someone from the Vice President’s of- getic for, and now I want to get the views fice, perhaps? from a sound environmental Prime Minister The President. No, listen, I don’t have any who has been to Rio, with whom we have idea. But if we get a little more cooperation a lot in agreement and maybe some dif- out of the press that thrives on leaks, why, ferences. And that’s the way we learn, and maybe we could stop it. It’s an that’s the way things get better. So if you’ll insidious—— excuse us, we had a press conference last Q. Have you got any memos I can have? night. I don’t think you were able to attend, The President. ——an insidious practice. but it was a good one. We answered most And Bill Reilly is one of the top environ- of the questions. mentalists in the world. He had some sug- Thank you very much. This is the end gestions to make. He did it in the proper of this. Thank you. way. And that he was put in an embarrass- [At this point, one group of reporters left ing position by the leaking of a document the room, and another group entered.] and the printing of a confidential document, I find very offensive. I don’t like it, and Prime Minister’s Visit he has my full support. The President. May I say to the Nor- Q. Well, beyond the leaks—— wegian journalists how very pleased I am The President. And as soon as I get him, to once again see your outstanding Prime I’ll tell him. So we have a good—after all Minister, our friend, a person that I admire of those questions last night, we have a and respect and with whom we have many, good, sound environmental record. We have many things in common. When we have dif- spent $800 billion in the last 10 years, clean- ferences, we can always discuss them very ing up the environment. We’re going to frankly, but they’ve been few and far be- spend $1.2 trillion in the next 10 years, and tween since I’ve been President. But I’m we’re sharing the world’s best technology anxious to hear from her now on Norway’s with the rest of the world. priorities, what she found at Rio, where I’m So we’re going to keep on this path, and sure she had a role of real leadership. the fact that some in the environmental I just wanted to take this opportunity to movement have some difference with us has welcome her back to the White House and to be anticipated. That’s to be expected. But let the people at home know the high re- we’ve got an outstanding record, and I gard the Americans have for her and for

899 June 5 / Administration of George Bush, 1992 her government and certainly for her coun- So we’ve got all kinds of nuances of dif- try. ference here, but I’m very proud of our record and of our environmental chief, Mr. Environmental Policy Bill Reilly, who is down there. And I realize Q. Mr. President, what’s your comment that in some areas people look at things on the criticism of the American position differently than we do. in Rio? But I’ve got these two priorities: jobs and The President. Hey, I get criticized at economic growth, the biggest economic en- home. I don’t have to go to Rio to get criti- gine in the world, and—it grows, it throws cized. [Laughter] So we’re used to it. We off much more funds to do it, to help other have a very sound and, I think, forward- people with. Has to do that, and I’d have looking environmental record. But as I just to be concerned about the families that are explained to the preceding wave, I feel a hurting when it’s not growing properly. real obligation and part of my duty as Presi- Secondly, we spent $800 billion improving dent to do two things: One, formulate sound the environment in this country, $800 bil- environmental policy, take the world’s best lion in the last 10 years. And it’s going to environmental technology, and that’s the be $1.2 trillion in the next decade. That’s United States’, and share it with the world; industry, government, everything. Out of all and then, on the other hand, worry about that, we learn a great deal technologically, American families, people that need jobs. and we’re prepared to share that, our You have to find the balance between eco- science and our technology, with the rest nomic growth and sound environmental of the world. So we’ve got a good record. practice. I’m convinced the two can go hand That’s my answer, and we’re so glad you in hand. all are here. So that’s what we try to do, and I think Now, we’re going on to do a little busi- some from the environmental movement ness. don’t understand this. Some from other countries have different priorities in terms of the unemployment numbers and all of Note: The exchange began at 10:40 a.m. in this. So some in the Third World have dif- the Oval Office at the White House. A tape ferences in terms of how much resource was not available for verification of the con- can be given to them in terms of money. tent of this exchange.

Statement by Press Secretary Fitzwater on the President’s Meeting With Prime Minister Gro Harlem Brundtland of Norway June 5, 1992

The President met for approximately 40 has played and his continuing commitment minutes this morning with Prime Minister to improving the environment. Gro Harlem Brundtland of Norway. They The two leaders also reviewed various discussed the Rio environmental con- issues of European security and agreed on ference, from which Prime Minister the importance of U.S. global leadership Brundtland had just come, and the roles and a continuing strong U.S. military pres- of technology, alternate sources of fuel, and ence in Europe as essential to peace and policies that are both environmentally and stability. economically sound. The President stressed the strong leadership role the United States

900 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / June 5

White House Statement on the Ratification of the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights June 5, 1992

The President has signed the United erty and security. States instrument of ratification of the By ratifying the Covenant, the United International Covenant on Civil and Politi- States is underscoring its commitment to cal Rights. A United Nations treaty, the these principles at home and abroad. We Covenant articulates the principles inherent hope that our ratification of the Covenant in a democracy, including freedom of ex- will contribute to the fostering of democracy pression and peaceful assembly, equal pro- and human rights throughout the world. tection under the law, and the right to lib-

Message to the Congress on the National Emergency With Respect to Yugoslavia June 5, 1992

To the Congress of the United States: section 5 of the United Nations Participa- On June 1, 1992, pursuant to section tion Act of 1945, as amended (22 U.S.C. 204(b) of the International Emergency Eco- 287c), and section 301 of title 3 of the nomic Powers Act (50 U.S.C. 1703(b)), and United States Code, I have issued a second section 301 of the National Emergencies Executive order, ‘‘Blocking Property of and Act (50 U.S.C. 1631), I reported to the Prohibiting Transactions with the Federal Congress by letters to the President of the Republic of Yugoslavia (Serbia and Mon- Senate and the Speaker of the House, dated tenegro),’’ a copy of which is enclosed. May 30, 1992, that I had exercised my statu- Among other things, the order that I have tory authority to issue Executive Order No. issued on this day: 12808 of May 30, 1992, that declared a na- • prohibits exports and imports of goods tional emergency and blocked ‘‘Yugoslav and services between the United States Government’’ property and property of the and the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia Governments of Serbia and Montenegro. On May 30, 1992, the United Nations Se- (Serbia and Montenegro), and any ac- curity Council adopted Resolution No. 757 tivity that promotes or is intended to calling on member states to impose a com- promote such exportation and importation; prehensive economic embargo against the • Federal Republic of Yugoslavia (Serbia and prohibits any dealing by a U.S. person Montenegro). Today I have taken additional in connection with property originating steps to ensure that the economic measures in the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia we are taking with respect to the Federal (Serbia and Montenegro) exported Republic of Yugoslavia (Serbia and Mon- from the Federal Republic of Yugo- tenegro) conform to United Nations Secu- slavia (Serbia and Montenegro) after rity Council Resolution No. 757 of May 30, May 30, 1992, or intended for expor- 1992. tation to any country, and related ac- Specifically, pursuant to the International tivities; Emergency Economic Powers Act (50 • prohibits transactions related to trans- U.S.C. 1701, et seq.), the National Emer- portation to or from the Federal Re- gencies Act (50 U.S.C. 1601, et seq.), sec- public of Yugoslavia (Serbia and Mon- tion 1114 of the Federal Aviation Act of tenegro), or the use of vessels or air- 1958, as amended (49 U.S.C. App. 1514), craft registered in the Federal Repub-

901 June 5 / Administration of George Bush, 1992

lic of Yugoslavia (Serbia and Montene- in the possession or control of U.S. gro), by U.S. persons or involving the persons, including their foreign use of U.S.-registered vessels and air- branches; and craft; • clarifies the definition of the Federal • prohibits the granting of permission to Republic of Yugoslavia (Serbia and any aircraft to take off from, land in, Montenegro). or overfly the United States if that air- Today’s order provides that the Secretary craft is destined to land in or take off of the Treasury, in consultation with the from the territory of the Federal Re- Secretary of State, is authorized to take such public of Yugoslavia (Serbia and Mon- actions, including the promulgation of rules tenegro); and regulations, as may be necessary to • prohibits the performance by any U.S. carry out the purposes of the order. person of any contract in support of The declaration of the national emergency certain categories of projects in the made by Executive Order No. 12808 re- Federal Republic of Yugoslavia (Serbia mains in force and is unaffected by today’s and Montenegro); order. • continues to block all property of the GEORGE BUSH Government of the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia (Serbia and Montenegro), The White House, June 5, 1992. as well as assets of the former Govern- ment of the Socialist Republic of Yugo- Note: The Executive order is listed in Ap- slavia, located in the United States or pendix E at the end of this volume.

Appointment of Laura M. Melillo as Special Assistant to the President and Deputy Press Secretary June 5, 1992

The President today announced the ap- May 1989 to present; and Director of the pointment of Laura M. Melillo as Special Lower Press Office in overseeing the daily Assistant to the President and Deputy Press operations of the Press Office, August 1989 Secretary. She would succeed Gary Foster. to present. Since 1987, Ms. Melillo has served in var- Ms. Melillo graduated from Miami Uni- ious capacities at the White House in the versity in Oxford, OH (B.S., 1987). She was Office of the Press Secretary. She has born March 21, 1965, in Louisville, KY, and served as Staff Assistant, 1987–89; Assistant resides in Alexandria, VA. Press Secretary and Television Coordinator,

Statement by Press Secretary Fitzwater on Space-Based Global Change Observation June 5, 1992

President Bush last week approved a Na- This policy directive, which was devel- tional Space Policy Directive establishing a oped by the National Space Council chaired focused national effort to improve the by Vice President Quayle: world’s ability to detect and document • Establishes a comprehensive, multi- changes in the Earth, especially the global agency effort to collect, analyze, and climate.

902 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / June 6

archive space-based observations on • Assigns global change observation func- global change. This Space-Based Glob- tions, including the development of al Change Observation System (S– technology, the collection of data, and GCOS) will be led by NASA with par- the archiving of information, to NASA ticipation from other Government and the Departments of Energy, Com- Agencies. merce (NOAA), Interior, and Defense. • Directs that NASA’s Earth Observing • Encourages international cooperation System (EOS) be developed using in global change observation from small and intermediate-sized satellites. space and directs the Department of Through the use of advanced tech- State to provide support to the imple- nology and reduced design complexity, menting Agencies. these satellites can be acquired more This directive augments previous Presi- quickly and at less cost than previously dential directives and recognizes the rec- planned. This will allow the timetable ommendations of the Earth Observing Sys- for obtaining critical data on global tem Engineering Review Panel. change to be accelerated.

Radio Address to the Nation on the Balanced Budget Amendment June 6, 1992

I want to talk to you today about a big helps pay for our current consumption. And idea, a big change in the way your Govern- that’s like taking out a car loan and never ment works. For the past 12 years, Presi- buying a car. dent Reagan and I have tried to get Con- To make our economic future strong, the gress to act responsibly and restrain Federal balanced budget is where we must start. Be- spending. We’ve tried compromise. We’ve ginning well before I became your Presi- tried confrontation. And we’ve tried quiet dent, I have fought for a balanced budget diplomacy with the leaders of Congress. amendment. As a matter of fact, on Feb- None of this has been enough. And so, my ruary 9th, 1989, the very first legislative pro- friends, the time has come to take some posal that I made as President was for Con- commonsense action. We must pass a congress to adopt a balanced budget constitu- stitutional amendment mandating a bal- tional amendment. In each of the three anced budget. budgets I’ve submitted since, I’ve repeated For most of our Nation’s history, there that plea. was an unwritten rule against deficit financing, against saddling future generations with Why am I so fiercely dedicated to this a mountain of debt. But in recent times, issue? Look at your own family. You know we’ve moved away from that. Now, we’re what happens when you spend more than borrowing from the future to pay for indul- you make. The devil’s going to come de- gences of the present. Our future is at stake. manding his due. Well, that’s what our To ensure long-term economic growth, we American family faces right now. must get Federal spending under control. When you hear about a deficit measured I’ve called for big changes in many areas, in hundreds of billions of dollars, remember reforms in how this Nation’s gridlocked cap- that’s not ‘‘Monopoly’’ money. Some day, ital does business. Right now, we’re coming that debt must be paid with your money, out of tough times. The American people as sure as your own personal debts will have know that budget deficits threaten the long- to be paid with your money. It’s unaccept- term economic health of our country. Over able when this spending riptide has us the years, we’ve accumulated Federal debt drowning in debt, dragging us further out totalling $65,000 for every family of four. to sea. This doesn’t create more wealth. It merely This amendment will bring us back to

903 June 6 / Administration of George Bush, 1992 shore. Forty-four States already have some stimulate economic growth for the short type of constitutional balanced budget re- term. Congress still needs to act on that quirement. Eighty percent of the American plan and act now. A balanced budget people want this amendment and the tough- amendment will help ensure economic se- er scrutiny of Government spending which curity for the American people in the long it will require. term. Congress needs to act on that meas- We’re fed up. We know it’s time for par- ure and act now. tisan posturing to yield to responsibility to We have a moral imperative to act on govern. It’s time to stop treating our Fed- behalf of future generations. They are not eral Treasury like the corner cash machine. yet here to represent themselves. It’s time Thomas Jefferson’s words still ring true: to protect our children and our children’s ‘‘I place public debt as the greatest of the children. And we’re determined to enact dangers to be feared.’’ Today, we have with- this solemn bond between generations. in our grasp the power to conquer that fear. May God bless you and our great Nation. The key to this is twofold: We must control reckless Government spending, and we Note: This address was recorded at 10:03 must encourage economic growth. a.m. on June 5 in the Cabinet Room at the Last January, I proposed a solid, com- White House for broadcast after 9 a.m. on monsense action plan to create jobs and June 6.

Remarks on the Arrival of Prime Minister John Major of the United Kingdom at Camp David, Maryland June 6, 1992

Prime Minister and Mrs. Major, let me Over more than four decades of the cold just give you a hearty welcome back to war, we reaffirmed our relationship. Then Camp David. came the Persian Gulf where, again, we Forty-eight years ago today, Ike and stood fast so that liberty could prevail. Years Monty, Churchill and FDR, Allied soldiers, from now, people will still marvel at British sailors, marines, and airmen, heroes all, and American heroism in Operation Desert forged the greatest armada in the history Storm. People will also note how the last of man, the D-day invasion. Our goal was year reaffirmed the strength of our alliance, a legacy of peace. And to achieve it, we the value of the rule of law, and that Eng- first had to win a war. June 6th, 1944, told land will always be our friend. the world that aggression will not stand. So Our Nation sprang from England’s belief it’s fitting that the Prime Minister and I in the sanctity of the individual. Today, that meet on this historic anniversary of a new belief has never been stronger, our alliance beginning in Europe to talk about our coun- never firmer, our desire never deeper to tries’ enduring special relationship and the build a free and peaceful world. future challenges that we face in this prom- So Mr. Prime Minister, let me thank you, ising new world. sir, for your determination and Britain’s ex- Already we’ve responded to each other ample to the world. Welcome back to the not with just the formal handshake of two U.S.A., and I look forward to discussing a allies but with the embrace of two friends. wide array of subjects with you in the cou- And we meet as leaders of nations joined ple of days ahead. by a common culture and civilization, recall- Thank you very much for coming our way ing how Dwight Eisenhower, beloved in again. Britain and America, once said of freedom, ‘‘To preserve it, the Londoner will fight, and so will the citizen of Abilene.’’ Note: The President spoke at 4:05 p.m.

904 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / June 7

The President’s News Conference With Prime Minister John Major of the United Kingdom at Camp David June 7, 1992

The President. Let me just say that from the conventions that are there in Rio. We our standpoint we’ve had a wonderful visit have problems with the biodiversity conven- with the Prime Minister, covered a wide tion as well as the United States. We have array of subjects, and managed to get in problems with some of the financial propos- a couple of hours of relaxation after working als and some other allied problems as well. some yesterday and then again this morn- I think we’ll probably be able to solve them. ing. So it’s been a very good visit. But the difficulties that we instinctively see Mr. Prime Minister, a delight having you with them are a good deal less than those here, sir. that the United States face. The Prime Minister. Well, Mr. President, thank you. I just want to thank you and Presidential Campaign Mrs. Bush for your hospitality. It’s been a Q. Mr. President, Prime Minister Major great weekend. We’ve had quite a few hours survived a challenge; he was an underdog to talk as well as enjoy ourselves. A large in his campaign. Did he give you any advice number of subjects have been covered. I on how to come from behind in your situa- think perhaps it’s best just to answer question? tions. The President. Yes, a lot of good advice. The President. Why don’t we try to rotate Just stay with it. them just so it might divide up the workload Q. Just stay with it? a little bit. The President. Actually, he gave me—I Joint Session of Congress don’t know that he gave me specific advice Q. Newt Gingrich wants you to call a joint on the campaign, but he set an example session of Congress, a special session to ad- that I think bodes well for me. You’ve cited dress the Nation’s problems, to which Clin- some of it. He was behind, had a lot of ton and Perot would be invited as a symbol pundits out there suggesting he wouldn’t of unity. Do you go along with that? Do win, and he won. So that’s a pretty good you think that’s a good idea? example right there. It was a wonderful vic- The President. Well, I hadn’t heard the tory, and he was not discouraged when polls suggestion before, but let me think about showed him not winning. it. I hadn’t discussed—what would be the Q. If I may follow, sir, Senator Dole this subject? I literally haven’t had anything on morning on ‘‘Meet the Press’’ said that he this at all. thinks you need a different message. You’re Q. Did you get the memorandum from talking about change. He says that you him that—— should say, ‘‘Give me a Republican Con- The President. I haven’t seen the memo- gress or elect a Democrat President.’’ randum from him. If it was part of that, Would you be willing to tell the voters that? then that’s probably why. The President. Absolutely. But I’d like to say I would leave out the second part. U.N. Conference on Environment [Laughter] Q. Prime Minister, can I ask if you tried Q. That’s the key part, though, sir. to persuade the President to change his The President. No, it’s not, not as far as mind about not signing the biodiversity trea- I’m concerned because, you see, I think our ty, and if you did, whether you met with ideas and the ideas that Senator Dole be- any success? lieves in and I believe in are in accord with The Prime Minister. We certainly had the the thinking of the American people. I opportunity of discussing Rio in all its as- found that when I can take action as Presi- pects. And there are a number of areas dent that didn’t require the Congress, that where everyone is going to be able to sign was seen as strong leadership, strong, inci-

905 June 7 / Administration of George Bush, 1992 sive leadership. But when you get into a the biodiversity treaty. Congress that’s divided, and particularly in Our answer on the positive side is to put this year when politics is the name of the much more emphasis on sound forestation. game, then it’s very different. So what I We’ve got a good record in that in the will be doing is taking that case to the United States. We think that a good forestry American people in the fall. program will take care of a lot of the needs, Right now, I’m trying to get a few things the biodiversity needs. So, though I will not through the Congress, and that requires bi- sign that treaty as it sits on the table now, partisan support, like the balanced budget we will continue to be the leader, or a lead- amendment, trying to get that done; like er, a world leader in terms of forests and educational reform, trying to get that done; in terms of environmental technology. anticrime legislation, trying to get that done. So we have a little period in here where So I have nothing to be apologetic for. I will stay with that tack, will not get into I also have to be the one at this Conference going after either opponent and going after that is responsible for jobs and people being the Congress. But in the fall, I think Sen- at work in this country. I plan to fulfill my ator Dole is on to something for that. responsibilities in that regard while still tak- Q. Mr. President, what—— ing a good, strong, forward-looking environ- The President. This is for the Prime Min- mental message to Rio. ister. Who has got one for—— Q. Mr. President, on that point, sir, I Q. For you, sir, not for the Prime Min- know you said you have nothing to apolo- ister. gize for U.S. environmental policy at Rio, The Prime Minister. I’m having an easy but how do you answer those who say that ride. your objections to the biodiversity treaty Q. It’s actually a question for both of you. and your watering down of the global warm- The Prime Minister. I’ll start then. ing treaty have more to do with American The President. That’s good. domestic politics than environmental policy? U.N. Conference on Environment The President. I say this on the climate Q. The question is, what is the difference change: We’re not going to enter into com- between the United States and the rest of mitments we don’t keep. I will repeat: We the G–7 over the biodiversity treaty? have spent $800 billion cleaning up the air. The Prime Minister. Well, we all have dif- We’ve got the Clean Air Act, which is the ferent problems with the biodiversity treaty, most forward-looking environmental legisla- with the biodiversity convention, on the lev- tion perhaps anywhere in the world. But els of technology transfer, on the protection I’m not going to make commitments that of intellectual property. Those are the areas we simply cannot keep. of detail where particular problems arise. I think most people feel that the climate There’s a great deal of difficulty for many change treaty is a good one, and they’re of us in some of the financial proposals on signing it. They wouldn’t sign it if they biodiversity. They seem to call for very sub- didn’t think it was good, and I think you’re stantial commitments without, perhaps, going to see the world sign on to it. But some of the commitments as to how and if your question is, do I have to also con- where the money is going to be used. Now, sider the working man and woman in this I think we will be able to solve those, but country and the families that could be our problems are different from those of thrown out of work by too many commit- the United States. ments, commitments we can’t keep, or mak- The President. And just to follow on, our ing our products noncompetitive in world problem is very much like the Prime Min- markets, I do have to be worried about that. ister said, protection of intellectual property. And we do not have an open pocketbook. I am not going to sign—we didn’t on global We cannot enter into something if we don’t climate change go forward with something keep the commitment, and the financing ar- that we would not keep, commitments we rangements are too open-ended for us on wouldn’t keep. So I think we’re on a sound

906 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / June 7 environmental wave here. Now, there are not facing one common objective, an ag- many groups and some countries that wish gressive international communism. That is we’d gone further. But I’ve given you the gone, and out of the demise of that highly reasons, and I’m not going to change. centralized philosophy and government in the Soviet Union comes some historic eth- Trident Missile System nic challenges and the kinds of struggling Q. Mr. Prime Minister, did you seek from for sovereignty and democracy that you’ve the President any assurance that he would just mentioned. These are growing pains, not share early warning technology with the it seems to me. And what we want to do former Soviet Union to the extent that the as the United States, and I know the United British deterrent no longer would be one? Kingdom feels the same way because we’ve And could I ask the President what his re- talked about this today, we’d like to be cata- sponse would be if Mr. Yeltsin presses him lysts for peace and catalysts to see this move for the inclusion of the Trident missile sys- towards democracy continue. tem in any further arms reductions? But nobody said that the emergence of The Prime Minister. Well, let me answer freedom would be easy. What’s different is since it’s our missile system that’s con- we are not facing one aggressive inter- cerned, and I guess it’s for us to include national Communist force; that’s what’s en- any missile system in any talks. And the Tri- tirely different. Democracy is on the move dent missile system is not going to be in- in these various countries you talk about. volved in any talks at this stage. It’s abso- I don’t know that any one of them wants lutely central to our defense, it’s crucial to to now turn its back on democracy, and our defense, is now, has been for some some of those who have not been particu- time, will be for some time in the future. larly democratic are saying they are. And until the thresholds of nuclear weapons So that’s the positive side. But I am con- elsewhere are a good deal lower, there’s no cerned about some of the ethnic strife, question of the British Government includ- some of the struggles you mentioned. I am ing Trident in any talks. not as concerned on the Maastricht matter. The President. And may I just add to that, I think that’s a matter for the Europeans it is not the policy of the United States to themselves to sort out. But when you have try to deal on the nuclear deterrent of the fighting and tensions based on ancient, United Kingdom or France or anybody else. sometimes ethnic animosity or ethnic pride, They know this; the Russian leader knows whatever, we’d like to be catalysts for peace; this. And so if he should raise it, which we’d like to find ways to help. And that’s he won’t, I would simply say I am not pre- our role. But there’s a tremendous dif- pared to discuss this. This is a matter for ference than what it was a few years ago, discussion with the leaders of these various tremendous. countries, not the United States. Q. On that subject, there is a study—— The Prime Minister. And in any event, The President. The next question is for I had the opportunity of discussing that with the Prime Minister. President Yeltsin in London last year, so Q. There are conflicting reports in the he knows the position. British press about your plans to bail out Ethnic Strife or not bail out on pensions. Can you clear up the confusion? Q. Mr. President, there’s an arc of crisis The Prime Minister. There will be a state- from Kiev extending all the way through ment made in the House early next week. to the southern tier of Uzbekistan. Yugo- I think it better wait for that. slavia is involved in a hopeless civil war; the Czechs appear in danger of a political schism. Denmark’s rejected the Common Disclosure of Confidential Information Market, and Saddam Hussein’s still in Q. Mr. President, I know you’re unhappy power. Whatever happened to the new with leaks within your White House official world order? family. The President. The new world order is The President. So what’s new? [Laughter]

907 June 7 / Administration of George Bush, 1992

Q. And some friends of Bill Reilly’s are Assistance for Russia pointing a finger at the Vice President’s of- Q. Reverting to Russia, are you happy fice. Do you intend to try to find the source that the IMF package is on course for im- of that leak? plementation? Are you worried that objec- The President. John [John Cochran, NBC tions in Congress and perhaps delays in the News], I find it extraordinarily difficult to Soviet, or in Russia in undergoing economic find leakers. It is extraordinarily difficult. I’d reform is going to hold it up? like to find the leaker, and I’d like to see The Prime Minister. Well, there are two the leaker filed—fired. Filed would be all components, aren’t there? The IMF pack- right. No, but the reason is it’s very difficult age and its implementation has to be de- to conduct government if somebody in his pendent upon the Russians continuing with or her infinite wisdom can shape the deci- their reform program. That’s what the IMF sion by leaking documents. The debate and package is there for. So we want to see the discussion that should take place them continue with the reform program. doesn’t. Subject to that, we certainly want to see This was a very unhelpful leak. Bill Reilly the package implemented as soon as pos- was doing what he should, sending up here sible. in confidence suggestions where we might Haiti be able to change the, I believe it was the Q. Mr. President, a question for both of biodiversity treaty, in order to have total you. First you, Mr. President. Are you pre- harmony there. Some of the suggestions pared to send U.S. troops to Haiti in a were, turns out, were not ones that we peacekeeping force if that is to come about? could accept. But he did it right; he put The President. No, not yet. And I’m hope- a confidential memo in. Then for someone, ful we can find a way to have the OAS who may or may not have been opposed sanctions be effective, to have Aristide re- to the treaty or any changes, to leak it, it’s turned to power, and to have democracy insidious. reinstalled. Our major concern is the fact I know many people in the press thrive that democratic government has been over- on this. This is good journalism to find it thrown. And it sets a bad example in a out. All I’m saying is I would go after the hemisphere that’s moving inexorably to- leaker if I could because it’s bad govern- wards full democracy. So I’m not thinking ment. It’s very difficult to conduct sound about force and troops at this point. and sensible policy when the lowest com- Q. I have a followup but on a different mon denominator in some office in the vast subject. bureaucracy can release a document. But The President. In other words, two ques- how you find it, how you find a person that tions. is that low and that determined to disrupt, Czechoslovakia I don’t know. It’s real bad. It does not help Q. But it’s for both of you. Can you both conduct sound policy. respond—could you respond to the elec- And I can’t say there’s any national secu- tions in Czechoslovakia, and what do you rity at stake on this; there’s not. But it was think that bodes for the country? just mischievous and bad, and I told Bill The Prime Minister. Well, I was in Reilly that. I said, ‘‘You did it right.’’ And Czechoslovakia just last week. And there I apologized for lack of discipline wherever was a suggestion then that Mecair would it is, whatever Agency. do very well in Slovakia and that Klaus Q. Mr. Reilly said that he was not going would do very well in the Czech lands. The to resign to give satisfaction to his enemies. last I saw of the way the results were com- This was leaked by somebody who is sup- ing out, that was pretty much the case. posedly friendly to you. I think the important question is the ex- The President. Well, help me find him, tent to which they’re going to compromise John. Help me find him. He’d be gainfully to produce a satisfactory federal govern- unemployed. ment. It seems to me it’s very much in

908 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / June 7 the interest of Czechoslovakia that there this morning. We strongly supported the should be a federal government. They’ve re- binding sanctions. We think we’ll have to cently reached an agreement with the Euro- sit with the binding sanctions for a while. pean Community about an association Clearly, we are concerned about what’s hap- agreement with the Community, which is pening in Sarajevo and elsewhere. We’re of some importance to them and of value obviously concerned about the humanitarian to the Community. We see it as a pre- aspect of making sure there’s food and med- paratory step to Czechoslovakia becoming icine and other necessary help there. It’s a full member of the Community, though not immediately easy to see how that’s going that is obviously quite a few years away. to be achieved, and we’ll have to watch and But that deal is with Czechoslovakia. It isn’t see what can be done there. But on the with two separate parts of Czechoslovakia; substantive question, we stick with the sanc- it is with Czechoslovakia as a whole. So we tions, and we make them tough. I think want to see them form a satisfactory federal that’s clearly the way ahead in the short government. The discussions I had with term. Czech politicians from many parties just a The President. Marlin said we’ve got time week or so ago suggests to me that they for one each. Go ahead. will seek to achieve that. The President. We had some discussion, The Economy and I have no differences, obviously, with Q. Mr. President, were you surprised by the Prime Minister on this question. I the disappointing jobless figures on Friday? talked to President Havel a long time ago To what degree does that change your as- about this, and this matter of separation has sessment on the economy, and will it hurt been widely debated and talked about. So consumer confidence? I would stay with what Prime Minister The President. One, I was a little sur- Major said. prised. Two, I noted with some reassurance that the total number of jobs went up by Eastern Europe and Yugoslavia some 68,000. Secondly, employment, re- Q. Mr. President, for both of you on the grettably, is an historic lagging indicator in subject Eastern Europe and Yugoslavia, terms of recovery. Thirdly, no, I believe the what did you discuss specifically with re- recovery is at hand, and I think we’re going spect to Yugoslavia, the activities of NATO? to see a second quarter stronger than the You mentioned that you want the United first. But psychologically, it is certainly not States and European nations to be a cata- good, and I would just say that I didn’t lyst. Did you discuss a more active role for think it would be 7.5 percent. NATO and NACC and anything that you’re I’ll say one other thing about that particu- going to carry back, perhaps, to NATO and lar set of indicators. Normally, you go back to the G–7? and look in the history, punch out the Lexis The President. Well, we discussed a wide or whatever, and you’ll find that there’s al- array of aspects of the problem. One we ways a reappraisal one way or another of talked about a lot was the humanitarian as- those particular figures. I don’t know what pects. We are very concerned, and we must will happen on those, but I still feel the be willing to find a way to help in a humani- economy is recovering, and I believe it’s tarian sense. going to be a more robust of a recovery Obviously, we talked about a wide array in the second quarter than it was in the of options, but we didn’t settle on any new first. course of action; it would be presumptuous for us to try to do that here. But we are British Royal Family going to stay with the sanctions and see Q. Mr. Prime Minister, how worried are where we go from the U.S. standpoint. you about damage to the Royal Family from Q. Mr. Prime Minister, do you seek a today’s revelations in the Sunday Times? more active role? The Prime Minister. Well, I’m not going The Prime Minister. No. I think the Presi- to comment on the unsubstantiated rumors dent set out the position of our discussions that I gather have been published today.

909 June 7 / Administration of George Bush, 1992

I’ve not had a chance to look at them in parison. any depth. I would, I think, simply say this: Q. Any advice you’d offer in public, Prime The monarchy is very deeply rooted in the Minister Major? affections of the British, and so are the The Prime Minister. Not in public. present Royal Family. And I see nothing Gulf War Friendly-Fire Victims that’s going to change that. Q. Mr. Bush, a final question. Do you Presidential Campaign think there’s anything you can do to reas- Q. Did you discuss Ross Perot, either of sure the British families of the friendly-fire you? victims who don’t feel that you’ve lived up The President. I cannot tell a lie; his name to your promises to them? came up. The President. I’ll take that question, be- Q. And what did you say about him? cause I, the first place, saw what the Prime The President. That’s where I’ll cut it off. Minister said in the House, and I was very We’re not going to say what we said. Look, grateful for that. I talked to those families anybody looking at the American political with a heavy heart; they had broken hearts. scene is going to wonder about that. With- And we’ve looked into that matter. I hope out drawing the Prime Minister of the U.K. we’ve provided all the information. But I into the domestic politics of the United am not going to go further than this. These States, I would simply say I told him I feel are good young men. I was in combat my- confident of winning. I do better when I’m self, and I have seen, in front of my own fighting. I do better when I’m coming from eyes, the victim of friendly fire. So I know behind. I’m also one who remembers 4 that these horrible things can happen. years ago, maybe to this very minute, being What I tried to do is to console those 17 points back. grieving relatives when they were in the So this is a weird year, and I shared those White House, and then to follow through sentiments with the Prime Minister. But he to be sure that our Secretary of Defense was enough of a leader and diplomat not provided his counterpart with whatever in- to editorialize too much on that. He lis- formation would be required to get the facts tened, I thought, with great fascination. It out on this particular case. might have been with boredom; I don’t But my heart goes out to the families. know. But nevertheless, you know, of course It did back then when I talked to them. that comes up. But let the American people It does now. But I see no reason to go sort all that out. For now, I’m going to try beyond what we have already done in trying to keep on doing substantive things, both to fully account for this terrible tragedy, a in the foreign policy area and domestic. tragedy of war. Then we’ll switch over when the time comes; then I’ll be out there rolling shirt Note: The President’s 130th news conference sleeves up and go to work in the political began at 4:05 p.m. at Camp David, MD. arena. And whoever’s in there is going to During the news conference, the following be in for a good battle. persons were referred to: Jean-Bertrand Q. But does it bother you that the public Aristide, ousted President of Haiti, and mood seems as sour now as it was in 1980 Czechoslovakian parliamentary candidates when the public voted Jimmy Carter out Vladimir Mecair of the Civic Democratic of office? Party and Va´clav Klaus of the Movement The President. I hadn’t made that com- for a Democratic Slovakia.

910 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / June 8

Remarks Prior to a Meeting With State Legislators June 8, 1992

Welcome, all. Thank you very much for I want to hear from each of you as to coming. how you think we can best get this done. Let me just make a short statement here But I appreciate your being here. It is prior- before we close the door and get into hear- ity. I think the country is sick and tired ing from you all on this important amend- of deficits. This will help discipline the ex- ment. But 44 States have constitutional pro- ecutive and the legislative branch, and we’ve visions relating to a balanced budget. Pass- got to get it done. So I appreciate your ing a balanced budget amendment, in my coming, and we’ll see where we go here. view, is essential to the long-term economic health of this country. This is an idea whose time has come. We’ve been for it for a long, Note: The President spoke at 11:15 a.m. in long time. the Roosevelt Room at the White House.

Nomination of Mary Jo Jacobi To Be an Assistant Secretary of Commerce June 8, 1992

The President today announced his inten- president, 1985–86. Ms. Jacobi has also tion to nominate Mary Jo Jacobi, of Mis- served at the White House as Special Assist- sissippi, to be an Assistant Secretary of ant to the President for Business Liaison, Commerce for Congressional and Intergov- 1983–85, and as a member of the Presi- ernmental Affairs. She would succeed Craig dential Advisory Committee on Trade Ne- R. Helsing. gotiations, 1986–88. She has also served at Since 1990, Ms. Jacobi has served as sen- the Department of Commerce as Director ior vice president at Group Public Affairs of the Office of Business Liaison, 1982–83, USA for the HSBC Group and all its U.S. and as executive assistant to the Associate operations, including Marine Midland Bank Deputy Secretary, 1981–82. in New York, NY. Since 1985, she has Ms. Jacobi graduated from Loyola Uni- served in several capacities with Drexel versity in New Orleans (B.B.A., 1973) and Burnham Lambert, Inc., in New York: sen- from George Washington University ior vice president, 1990; member of the (M.B.A., 1976). She was born December 7, Board of Directors, 1989–90; first vice 1951, in Bay St. Louis, MS. Ms. Jacobi cur- president, 1987–89; and corporate vice rently resides in New York, NY.

Appointment of Jeffrey W. Vogt as Special Assistant to the President for Public Liaison June 8, 1992

The President announced today the ap- White House as Assistant Director (1989– pointment of Jeffrey W. Vogt as Special As- 90) and as Associate Director (1990–92) for sistant to the President for Public Liaison. the Office of Public Liaison. Mr. Vogt has Since 1989, Mr. Vogt has served at the served as the contact for the corporate,

911 June 8 / Administration of George Bush, 1992 small business, and business association executive at the direct marketing firm of communities on economic and trade policy Stephen Winchell & Associates, 1985–86; issues. Mr. Vogt previously served as a sales representative for Coldwell Banker member of the President-elect’s public af- Real Estate, 1985–88; and finance director fairs transition team; as finance director of for the McMillan for Congress campaign in Victory ’88 at the Republican National Bushnell, IL, 1984. Committee, 1988; and as national direct Mr. Vogt graduated from Colby College marketing coordinator for the George Bush (B.A., 1984) in Waterville, ME. He was for President campaign, 1987–88. Mr. Vogt born June 18, 1962, in Grand Rapids, MI, is a former small business owner and has and presently resides in Arlington, VA. held other positions, which include: account

Remarks Prior to a Meeting With Republican Congressional Leaders June 9, 1992

The President. May I make just a com- tinuing opposition to these tactics up there ment while the cameras are here and first and do something for the American people say that we are pushing from here, and I who are very much concerned about the am grateful of the support around this table, deficit. And we’re trying to get spending for this balanced budget amendment, con- under control. And now we’ve got a real stitutional amendment. Now I’m told that opportunity to show the American people the leadership on the Democratic side, try- we can do something. ing to block the balanced budget amend- I’ve approached this not in a partisan ment, are coming up with something they manner, working with many Democrats try- call the balanced budget act, which does ing to get it through the House, the bal- not balance the budget. It does not require anced budget amendment. And I’ll keep the adoption of a balanced budget, and it’s doing that. But I really want to hear from kind of a stalking horse to give cover to you all in just a second as to how you feel Members who don’t want to vote for the we can get this one key job done, the same balanced budget amendment. And we’ve got time making sure we’re helping the cities to fight hard against it. I’m making phone in the sound way that we’ve proposed. They calls. are not incompatible at all. So there we are. The irony is that the Democratic leader- Q. Do you think you’re going to win? ship is fighting the balanced budget con- The President. Well, we’ll find that out stitutional amendment, at the same time from the leaders. I certainly hope so. The trying to ram through $2 billion in spending American people want it done. And here’s that’s not required, all of which they declare a good, clear case to take to the Congress an emergency so they can exempt it from and say, look, the American people want the fiscal discipline of the budget act. And this. Our troops are lined up solidly for it, I think we’ve got to get that message out advocating it, taking the case to the floor to the American people. and elsewhere. But we’ve got to have some I will sign an emergency appropriation for more bipartisan support for this. areas that are affected by these recently de- Thank you all very much. clared Presidential disasters. I’d also support, as I know everybody here knows, money for summer jobs, additional money that could actually be spent if they agreed to target it to the areas of actual need. Note: The President spoke at 9:50 a.m. in But I would just strongly urge our con- the Cabinet Room at the White House.

912 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / June 9

Remarks Prior to a Meeting With Business and Congressional Leaders June 9, 1992

Q. Mr. President, you got a deal with the wick, they’ve been out front strongly for Russians today? this. And right around the table we have The President. We just had a chance to some of the leaders from the Congress, introduce Mr. Kozyrev to this distinguished Democrat and Republican, who have been group of Members of Congress, Senate and out front on this key question. House, and to some of our outstanding So we’ve got a lot of work to do, but business leaders. They’re talking reform, I wanted it to resonate up on the Hill. This and what we’re talking here today on is re- is a unique meeting to this Cabinet Room. form. We want to see a balanced budget And I’m very grateful to the business lead- amendment passed; business leaders are ers that have taken the time to join these joining Members of Congress and trying to leaders in Congress who are out front on get this done. this key question. And so this is a rather unique meeting. So thank you all very much. We feel that creation of jobs and the eco- Q. Mr. President, is there—— nomic prosperity of the American people The President. This is the end of the are better served by the discipline on the photo opportunity in which I prevailed with budgeting process that would be brought my speech. And no more questions. Thank to bear by a balanced budget amendment you. to the Constitution; discipline the executive branch, discipline the legislative branch. Note: The President spoke at 11:05 a.m. in And so I’m hopeful that these business lead- the Cabinet Room at the White House. In ers and their colleagues will help us carry his remarks, he referred to Andrey Kozyrev, this message to the Hill. In their own baili- Foreign Minister of Russia.

Nomination of Frank G. Wisner To Be an Under Secretary of State June 9, 1992

The President today announced his inten- and Ambassador to the Republic of Zambia, tion to nominate Frank G. Wisner, of the 1979–82. He has also served in several posi- District of Columbia, a career member of tions at the Department of State: Deputy the Senior Foreign Service, class of Career Executive Secretary, 1977–79; Director of Minister, to be Under Secretary of State the Office of Southern African Affairs, for Coordinating Security Assistance Pro- 1976–77; and Special Assistant to the Under grams. He would succeed Reginald Bar- Secretary, 1975–76. tholomew. Ambassador Wisner graduated from From 1991 to the present, Ambassador Princeton University (B.A., 1961). He was Wisner has served as Ambassador to the born July 2, 1938, in New York, NY. Ambas- Philippines in Manila. Prior to this he was sador Wisner is married, has four children, Ambassador to the Arab Republic of Egypt, and resides in Manila, Philippines. 1986–91. He was Deputy Assistant Sec- retary of State for African Affairs, 1982–86;

913 June 9 / Administration of George Bush, 1992

Remarks at a Fundraising Dinner for Senator Arlen Specter in Bowmansdale, Pennsylvania June 9, 1992

Thank you, Arlen, for that wonderfully chael Ryan, it’s good to see so many elected warm introduction and, I might say at the members of the Pennsylvania Legislature top of these remarks, for being such a great with us here; to Anne Anstine and Herb United States Senator. It is essential that Barness, our national committee people. Arlen Specter be returned to office. May Barbara Hafer is with us; Ernie Preate. And I just say that Barbara and I treasure our I want to thank Tonia Tecce for the national friendship with Joan and Arlen. We’ve anthem; the pledge, done well by those known each other a long, long time. This kids. I asked them if they were nervous; isn’t just kind of the normal political en- not at all. They did it well, not one glitch dorsement; I really mean it. There is a in the Pledge of Allegiance. handful of United States Senators that really May I single out another old friend—I make things happen, that stand for prin- don’t want to date him in terms of age, ciples, and that fight for his constituents. but we went to college around the same If you don’t believe me, you ought to try time. But I think he must have been behind riding in from the Philadelphia Airport, for me—Joe Paterno. What a wonderful rep- example, into Philadelphia with Arlen. By resentative. He remains an inspiration to me the time you get there your arm is twisted and to my boys and to our whole family. out of its socket—[laughter]—he’s brought And I’m just delighted to be at his side up about eight proposals that will help once more. Pennsylvania, and he never forgets how he Now, you all know why we’re here to- got elected. He represents his constituents night. We are here for Arlen Specter. Arlen with honor and with principle. And you’re spelled out the ground—they’ve got the very, very lucky to have him there. craziest campaign rules, financing rules. Lit- May I thank Bob and Susan for this won- erally, I cannot talk to you, and I certainly derful event. It’s like being at the circus, will not, about why I want to be reelected and I’m not talking about all of you animals President of the United States. However— out there either. [Laughter] I’m just saying [laughter]—I can talk to you tonight about that it really is a wonderful way to cam- why Arlen Specter should be reelected to paign, and this beautiful countryside as we the Senate and why our programs that we drove in made me want to count my bless- have before the United States Congress ings all over again. But thank you so much, ought to be enacted. And that’s exactly what to both of you, for hosting this wonderful I plan to do. dinner. Arlen knows how hard and how frustrat- I know there are a lot of people to con- ing it can be just to get things done, which gratulate, but I congratulate Marilyn Ware is his motto, and he does it well. But in Lewis and Alex Grass here who are the co- Washington, ‘‘Republican’’ has meant being chairmen of the dinner; salute my old friend outnumbered. I really believe if this econ- and our State chairman, Elsie Hillman; an- omy keeps moving now, that we have an other old friend who is with us tonight, a opportunity to do that which is absolutely strong supporter of Arlen, the famous and essential to move this country forward: end wonderful Walter Annenberg who is here, divided Government and bring Republican right there. Barbara and I have been mar- leadership to both the Senate and the ried 47 years, but every time she sees Wal- House of Representatives. There is a grid- ter, I worry a little bit about it. She re- lock in Government, yes, because there are falls in love with him. And I’m troubled roadblocks in the United States Congress. by that. [Laughter] But we Bushes admire And the American people deserve better and respect him. than that right now. I believe we’re going To Bob Jubelirer who is with us and Mi- to see the changes.

914 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / June 9

Yes, the voters are calling for change. But lots of credit. We’ve helped change the they also know that there’s a flip side to world. change. It’s called trust: trust to make the Now let me just talk for a minute about right decisions; trust to block the wrong de- what we’re trying to do to help change cisions; trust to make the tough calls and America. We’re for free trade because put the public’s interest before the special Americans aren’t afraid to meet and beat interests; trust to cast the votes that aren’t the competition. Protection is out; free and always popular, to take the stands that aren’t fair trade is in. And that means jobs for always fashionable, and to be a leader and the American people. not just a servant. Health care reform: I do not want to and Our leadership, as Arlen very generously I will not sign a socialized medicine nation- said, has helped change the world. Today alized plan. I have proposed the most com- we had Mr. Kozyrev, the Foreign Minister prehensive health care reform program. It of Russia, there. As I listened to this re- makes insurance available to all, the poorest former talk, I couldn’t help but think how of the poor. But it preserves the quality of far we have come in the last 3 years. It United States medicine, none better in the has been dramatic, the changes that have entire world. taken place around the world. The cold war We are for fundamental—I’m not talking is won, and our steadfast perseverance to about just transparent—we are for fun- the security needs of the country have damental education reform. Our America changed the world. 2000 is an innovative program that says to Talk to any German, and they’ll talk to the Lehigh Valley, for example, where I was you with pride about the U.S. role in the the other day, ‘‘You innovate. You figure reunification of Germany. In the Middle out what’s best for the people of Pennsyl- East, ancient enemies talking to each other vania. And we will help you, but we will across the table, something that nobody not dictate to you.’’ We are going to revolu- would have dreamed possible a handful of tionize education in this country. If people years ago. There are plenty of problems out have a choice of where their kids go to col- there as these new ethnic rivalries come to lege, why shouldn’t they have a choice as the surface, but Eastern Europe is free, and to where kids go to school? We are for the former Soviet Union has now many, school choice. many independent countries all struggling We are fighting hard for legal reform. to perfect democracy, struggling for free- When a guy can’t coach Little League for dom. It is an exciting thing that has taken fear of some silly suit; when a doctor can’t place around the world. And in the Gulf, deliver a baby for fear of some malpractice yes, freedom for a tiny country, but much suit—[applause]. We are trying to have legal more important than that, victory for a big reform. We are blocked in the Senate today, idea, and that is that an aggressor bully can- as Arlen knows, by a very powerful lobby, not take over his neighbor without punish- but I will take this case to the American ment. people. It is time we cared for each other They ask about it, and yes, there is a a little more and sued each other a little peace dividend. It’s called peace, and we less. can take great pride in that. And one other We are pushing for Government reform point on this: When I saw some of the little and so is Arlen because, you see, he and kids here tonight, I thank God that our chil- I believe that the Congress ought to abide dren go to bed at night far less worried by the same laws they make you and I live about the specter of nuclear warfare. That by. is a major accomplishment in which we can While we’re talking about Government all take pride. reform, let me just expand on what our able And so I say we have, we have helped Senator talked about. We have called for a change the world. And I give my prede- balanced budget amendment. The very first cessor great credit. I give the Senators that piece of legislation that I took up to Capitol have stood with us for strong defense and Hill when I was sworn in was a call for a stood with us, say, on the Gulf, give them balanced budget amendment. That was in

915 June 9 / Administration of George Bush, 1992

January of 1989, and we’ve done it each In the meantime, people who desperately year. But the time has come now because, need help and need that emergency aid he is right, runaway spending threatens the must wait. That’s an iron-clad argument for future prosperity of our country. Every a balanced budget amendment, and we American family has to live within its need that amendment now. means, and it’s high time that the Federal So give us that amendment. And while Government did the same thing. we’re at it, let me ask something else. Ask This balanced budget amendment is a top your legislators, demand of your legislators priority. Just today at the White House I that they give the President what 43 Gov- met not only with the Republican leadership ernors have, the line-item veto, and give us or some of the Democratic Congressmen, a chance. but we did something unique. We brought Lastly, just let me say, Government alone, in some key business leaders who want to and everyone here knows this, simply can- see this amendment passed and sat them not solve all the problems we face. Ask down with this bipartisan congressional yourself what keeps a kid in school, what group that’s spearheading this effort. We’ve keeps a kid off the streets, what keeps a had good sessions with other State legisla- kid away from drugs? It’s not Government. tors and other business groups. I’ve been It is family. I will never forget when those working the phones to Capitol Hill, follow- mayors, from big cities and small, of the ing up on the strong push that I tried to National League of Cities came to see me, give it in last week’s press conference, the press conference I gave at the White House including Tom Bradley of Los Angeles. And that the networks didn’t see fit to cover, they said the underlying problem is the de- incidentally. And I’m not too happy about cline, the diminution of the American fam- that. But they can make their choices any ily. And they are absolutely correct about way they want, but I’m going to take this that. There’s this feeling out there that message to the American people that we we’re in disarray and that we’re off the need a balanced budget amendment. track. The way to help correct that is to If the vote doesn’t go our way and if the take the first step towards it, and that is majority leaders on Capitol Hill get their put the family first. way, the American people will then have Arlen has done that. My heavens, I don’t it right in clear focus come fall, and they know how closely you’ve followed his will decide on who wants to deal with this record. He coauthored the Missing Chil- deficit or not. dren Assistance Act. He increased the fund- Now, I’ve heard there’s talk up there on ing, took the leadership on it, for a worthy Capitol Hill—Arlen, we didn’t talk about program called Healthy Start. He won this on the plane—about a balanced budget Healthy Start grants for Pennsylvania, for act. They say pass some legislation, a bal- Philadelphia and Pittsburgh. He’s also been anced budget act instead of an amendment. a leader in the fight against pornography, That act, incidentally, would not help bal- the dry rot that degrades women and ex- ance the budget. But you and I know that ploits children and vandalizes our values. Congress won’t let a simple law get in the He’s out front fighting for these things. So way of higher spending. No statute can sub- let the ultraliberals defend the vendors of stitute for the force of the Constitution of pornography. He and I are going to protect the United States. An amendment is the the victims. And that’s what we should be only answer. doing. Listen, I was with Arlen in Pittsburgh and You know, Government can and must, as with him in Philadelphia, and we both feel I said earlier, reform education. But par- we ought to help the cities. Last month, ents, parents must read to their children, I sent up a strong emergency package to teach them a love of learning. And Govern- assist the victims of violence in Los Angeles ment can and must fight crime. But families and other cities. Before the ink was dry, have got to instill in these kids the respect Congress had stuffed into that emergency for the other guy, respect for property, re- bill an extra $1 billion, $1 billion spending. spect for the value of the others’ lives. Gov-

916 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / June 10 ernment can and must foster economic Nation on the face of the Earth. And give competitiveness. But the work ethic is us the tools with which to work, and you learned at home. Barbara Bush is right watch this country move forward. when she says what happens in your house Thank you. And may God bless the is more important than what happens in the United States. And be sure to reelect Arlen White House. That is fundamentally cor- Specter to the United States Senate. Thank rect. you very much. So let us vow to do everything we can in our neighborhoods, in our communities Note: The President spoke at 6:27 p.m. at to help strengthen the American family. You Mumma Farm. In his remarks, he referred know, we’ve inherited a great country from to Robert and Susan Mumma, owners of the those that came before. I don’t believe this farm; Elsie Hillman, Republican national stuff that America’s a declining Nation, not committeewoman; publisher Walter H. for one, single minute. We are a rising Na- Annenberg, president of the M.L. tion. And we can overcome any kind of ad- Annenberg Foundation; Robert C. Jubelirer, versity that we have. We’ve always done it president pro tempore, Pennsylvania State in our past, and we can do it now. But Senate; Matthew J. Ryan, Republican leader, we must determine that we’ve also bor- Pennsylvania State House of Representa- rowed America from all those who are going tives; Anne Anstine, chairman, Republican to come afterward. And we know that State Committee; Herbert Barness, Repub- America is great because America is good. lican national committeeman; Barbara I am dedicated to work with Arlen Spec- Hafer, State auditor general; Ernie Preate, ter to demonstrate to the entire world what State attorney general; and Joe Paterno, you and I know is so true: We are the Pennsylvania State University football freest, we are the best, we are the fairest coach.

Address to the Nation on the Balanced Budget Amendment June 10, 1992

Tomorrow the House of Representatives in reaching a goal whose benefits will be faces a critical vote on the balanced budget measured in jobs and opportunity for our- amendment, and right now is the time for selves and for our children. some straight talk about our national deficit. Eighty percent of the American people With our Federal debt averaging $65,000 agree: Government spending must be re- for the typical American family of four, I strained and the budget balanced. Govern- understand why the American people are ment is too big, and it spends too much. fed up and why you are looking for change. We are treating our national debt like the I share your frustration, and I am deter- old fellow who borrowed money to pay off mined to see things changed. his loans. Inevitably, someone at some time I am convinced that a balanced budget must foot the bill. It is simply wrong to amendment is the only way to force the walk away from this mountain of debt and Federal Government, both the Congress leave it to our kids. and the executive branch, to live within its Forty-four of our States have some kind means. In fact, the very first address to of a constitutional requirement for a bal- Congress I made as President included a anced budget. It’s time for the Federal Gov- call for a balanced budget. ernment to follow their lead. We must bal- I confidently presented a balanced budget ance the Federal budget without shifting constitutional amendment to the Congress. the funding burden along to the States. We I asked our Nation’s elected leaders to put must pay our own way. Our future is at America’s best interests first and to join me stake. Now is the time to pass a constitu-

917 June 10 / Administration of George Bush, 1992 tional amendment mandating a balanced needed. budget. For that reason, I need your help to en- Let me caution Americans not to be taken courage your Congressman to do the right in by bold blustering. We can’t wheel and thing: Pass this balanced budget amend- deal the deficit away. There’s no easy an- ment. There is no single action that we can swer that we can jot out on a blank sheet take that will be any more important than of paper to wipe out a deficit of that mag- doing this for our Nation’s future. nitude. A balanced budget amendment is Thank you, and may God bless you, and real action, and it will work. We should not may God bless the United States of Amer- be willing to risk our grandchildren’s future ica. on sound bites that merely sound real. The deficit is what’s real. Congressional inaction Note: This address was recorded at 2:35 is what’s real. A constitutional amendment p.m. in Room 459 of the Old Executive Of- mandating a balanced budget is what’s fice Building for broadcast after 4 p.m.

Message to the Congress Transmitting the Annual Report of the Department of Energy June 10, 1992

To the Congress of the United States: ergy, which covers the year 1990. In accordance with the requirements of section 657 of the Department of Energy GEORGE BUSH Organization Act (Public Law 95–91; 42 U.S.C. 7267), I transmit herewith the 11th The White House, Annual Report of the Department of En- June 10, 1992.

Remarks and an Exchange With Reporters Prior to a Meeting With Congressional Leaders June 11, 1992

The President. Let me just, first, thank So I thank you for coming at this very the Members for coming here. And this is early hour. Charlie gave me my button, a critical and important vote. We must pass ‘‘Vote Yea on BBA,’’ and that’s the balanced this balanced budget amendment. I thank budget amendment. And clearly, if I were those who are out front in the leadership in the House, where I started off, why, I role on this. And I would appeal to those would be voting yes. And we’ve talked about that are still undecided to say that this is the arguments opposed to it, but I think the way to discipline both branches of the the overwhelming evidence is that the peo- United States Government, the Congress ple want this and that we ought to go ahead and the administration. and take a role of leadership in getting this We’ve approached it—I hope Charlie budget under control, this deficit under would agree and others, Billy—in a non- control. partisan way. We’re going to continue to fight it on that basis. The people want this So thank you so much for coming. As you done. It will make all of us do what the know, I’m heading out in a couple of min- people want, and that is to get this deficit utes. But I think this meeting is important, under control once and for all. and I once again commend those who have

918 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / June 11 been out front in a strong leadership role sees people that are hungry, we help. And in the House of Representatives. It’s been again, that’s bipartisan or nonpartisan. bipartisan, and it’s been magnificent. That’s just been the hallmark of our country. So we will do what we should do. But Balanced Budget Amendment I’m not going to go into the fact of using Q. Mr. President, why do you think U.S. troops. We’re not the world’s police- there’s such a nasty, mean campaign against man. It’s a very complicated situation, but the balanced budget? Who’s behind that? it’s one that we’re following very closely. The President. Well, I don’t know because Thank you. Now I’ve got to get to work the people want it passed, Sarah [Sarah with these people. McClendon, McClendon News Service]. And I think it will be. U.N. Conference on Environment Q. They’ve got the Chamber of Com- Q. Mr. President, do you expect the other merce, and they’ve got the—— countries to try to beat up on you in Rio? The President. The Chamber of Com- The President. It doesn’t matter. It merce will come around. They’ve got one doesn’t matter. We are the United States. particular amendment they want to pass We are the leader in the environment. first. But the business people across this We’ve got a good record. Most of the country, the working people across this groups that are criticizing are from the country realize that their future, their kids’ United States, I think. But that’s all right; future has been mortgaged. In other words, I’ve been there before. I’m going to rep- we’re not passing out blame here; we’re try- resent the people on this visit and do it ing to do something about it. firmly in putting forward the best environ- And so I don’t know, Sarah. But these mental record that any country has. people have stood up courageously, and We’ve spent $800 billion in the last 10 they’re fighting for it. That is not easy, and years. We’re going to spend $1.2 trillion in I support them, salute them. the next 10 years. And we share our tech- Panama nology with the world. We are way out Q. Mr. President, are you worried about front. And we’re going to continue to stay the situation in Panama? out front, but we are not going to act like The President. No. we have an open checkbook and that people Q. Violence where you’re going speaking? are going to come in and tell us how much The President. No, no, not worried at all. money to spend. We can’t do it. We’re try- We’ll be received very well down there. ing to protect the taxpayer here through this balanced budget amendment, and I will Yugoslavia protect the taxpayer down there in Rio. But Q. Mr. President, are you going to have I’m going to advocate a sound, strong envi- them send troops over to Europe? The Bal- ronmental record. kans? Now, you all, thank you very much for The President. We’re concerned about the interest in all of this. But I’ve got to get situation in Yugoslavia, but there’s no com- to work and see what I can do to help these mitment on that. We are going to safeguard people around this table at the waning human life. We’re going to do what we can hours of this debate. in a humanitarian way. We’re working with the United Nations. But it’s a little pre- Note: The exchange began at 7:03 a.m. in mature to be talking—— the Cabinet Room at the White House. In Q. You have to act quickly, don’t you, the exchange, the President referred to Rep- though, to keep those people from starving? resentatives Charles W. Stenholm and W.J. The President. When the United States (Billy) Tauzin.

919 June 11 / Administration of George Bush, 1992

Remarks on Departure for the United Nations Conference on Environment and Development June 11, 1992

Well, today I travel to Rio de Janeiro to economic growth, and it’s going to stay that join over 100 heads of state at the United way. Every American knows what that Nations Conference on Environment and means for us. What many may not know Development. Informally, the Rio meeting is that the world also has a stake in a strong has been called the Earth summit. But I American economy. Right now, one-half of want to focus for just a minute on the offi- the developing countries’ exports of manu- cial name. I think it’s critical that we take factured goods to all industrialized nations both those words, environment and devel- are sold, yes, in the United States of Amer- opment, equally seriously. And we do. ica. A weak economy in this country would On the environment, America’s record is harm workers in other nations and cut their second to none. No other nation has done export earnings to a trickle. Nations strug- more, more rapidly to clean up the water, gling to meet the most elemental needs of the air, or preserve public land. No other their people can spare little to protect the nation has done more to advance the state environment. of technology that promises cleaner growth. Many governments and many individuals We are proposing to double forest assist- from the U.S. and other nations have ance. No other nation has put in place pressed us to sign a treaty on what’s called stricter standards to curb pollution in the biodiversity. I don’t expect that pressure to future. We’ve done a great deal, and we let up when I reach Rio. The treaty’s intent are determined to do more. is noble, to ensure protection of natural But let me say up front: I am determined habitat for the world’s plants and animal to protect the environment, and I’m also life. The U.S. has better protections for spe- determined to protect the American tax- cies and habitat than any nation on Earth. payer. The day of the open checkbook is No one disagrees with the goal of the treaty. over. I will go to Rio with a series of sound But the truth is, it contains provisions that proposals designed to foster both environ- have nothing to do with biodiversity. mental protection and economic growth. I’ll sign a climate convention that calls for Take just one example: The private sector sound action, like increased energy effi- is proving it can help generate solutions to ciency and cleaner air. I’ll offer technology our environmental problems. The treaty in- cooperation because I believe American cludes provisions that discourage techno- technology can help clean up the world’s logical innovations, treat them as common environment. I’ll propose to share U.S. property though they are developed at great science, the most advanced in the world, cost by private companies and American to increase understanding of these complex workers. We know what will happen. Re- issues. And I’ll bring my Forests for the move incentives, and we’ll see fewer of the Future initiative, the most concrete and ef- technological advances that help us protect fective plan for dealing with the pressing our planet. problems of deforestation of all those that My Forests for the Future initiative will have been proposed at Rio. offer real assistance to protect habitats, a Finally, I go to Rio with a firm conviction: downpayment of $150 million in new U.S. Environmental protection and a growing assistance toward the goal of doubling economy are inseparable. No matter what worldwide funding for forests. It invites de- some people may want to pretend, they are veloping countries to propose their best inseparable. It is counterproductive to pro- plans for forest conservation, and it encour- mote one at the expense of the other. ages innovation, like biotechnology, that will For the past half-century, the United help us protect biodiversity worldwide. States has been a great engine of global I cannot speak for actions other nations

920 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / June 11 may take. But this I promise: I will stand mon environment, and I will proudly up for American interests and the interests present in Rio the U.S. record that is sec- of a cleaner environment. And if the United ond to none anywhere in the world. States has to be the only nation to stand against the biodiversity treaty as now drawn, Note: The President spoke at 7:50 a.m. at so be it. Andrews Air Force Base in Camp Springs, I believe deeply in protecting our com- MD.

Remarks at a Luncheon Hosted by President Guillermo Endara in Panama City, Panama June 11, 1992

The President. Mr. President and Mr. here was to salute those of you in this room Vice President and members of the Cabinet, who stood up to the tyranny of Noriega and Barbara and I are just delighted to be with who dared to oppose him in the 1989 elec- you to witness firsthand the great progress tions and who now have the responsibility that Panama has made since its liberation for strengthening your democracy for future from that dictatorship and tyranny back in generations. December 1989. Panama is once again free, As we were riding in in the car I sensed democracy restored, and the rule of law a little nervousness on the part of my friend prevails. President Endara. I think he was worried With your nation’s return to democracy, that I might be offended by some show of Panama resumes its place in the world com- protest. But what I saw and felt was that munity. This country’s path toward eco- overwhelming welcome from the people nomic reform and also liberalization has re- along the streets. It expressed, I think, a kindled economic enterprise. And maybe genuine friendship between Panama and some don’t realize it, but last year your na- the United States. And for the tiny, tiny tion’s economic growth was the highest in handful of people that are protesting, I said the whole hemisphere. I salute your success they ought to go up to San Francisco and and your efforts, which bring the prospect get an idea what a real protest is like. of a better future for all Panamanians. [Laughter] Our countries have enjoyed a unique So we’ve been here, and we are very partnership since Panama gained its inde- grateful to you. We salute you. And I would pendence nearly 90 years ago. That partner- like to just propose a toast to the health ship is embodied today in the 1977 Panama of President and Mrs. Endara and to that Canal treaties. Mr. President, let me just lasting, strengthening friendship between assure you the United States keeps its word: Panama and the United States of America. Those treaties will be fully implemented on schedule. Note: The President spoke at 1:15 p.m. at But what I really wanted to do to come the Presidential Palace.

Remarks to the American Community in Panama City June 11, 1992

Thank you so very, very much for that not only the general but also Ambassador warm welcome. And General Joulwan, thank Hinton, our distinguished Ambassador. He you for the introduction. And may I salute and Mrs. Hinton, Mrs. Joulwan, and

921 June 11 / Administration of George Bush, 1992 you and the Embassy staff, Mr. Ambas- a-half drive across the Isthmus to come and sador, are doing a first-rate job here in Pan- give us this tremendous welcome. And let ama. And I salute you for your work, your me salute the seven from the Pacific side, career, and your dedication in representing Quarry Heights, Fort Clayton, Fort Kobbe, the United States of America. Howard, Albrook, Panama Canal-Rodman I want to greet the graduates, seniors at Naval Air Station, and Port Amador, and Balboa and Cristobal High who are graduat- then the three on the Atlantic side, Fort ing today. Let me say hello to the Panama Davis, Fort Sherman, and Galeta Island. Canal Commission members, the Smithso- Working abroad, and Barbara and I have nian Institute office people that are here. been there, is a learning experience in a And to all of you serving the cause of freeway, managing diplomatic and domestic re- dom across the continents and oceans, my sponsibilities. I just want you to know that thanks for your service to our great country we have tremendous respect, whether it’s and for your dedication to the United States in the military, whether it’s as civilians, for of America. And may God bless you all. all who serve their country overseas. Your Now I want to say a few words to the work, whether it was on the civilian side Americans here, but before I do that, I want or on the military side, has helped give this to say a word to the citizens of Panama. wonderful country a chance for what we My Spanish isn’t very good, so I’m going take for granted in the United States, that to ask for a little translation. But I first want democratic experience and freedom. That’s to thank President Endara, Vice President what your mission is about. Ford, Mayor Correa for the warm welcome I know that a lot goes into planning a they gave to us from the minute we arrived. Presidential visit. I was on the receiving end I am grateful to each and every one of of one of them over in China, and I thought them. I would never recover. But to all of those May I say to the people of Panama, Bar- who worked with the arrangements on this bara and I will never forget the warm wel- visit, let me simply say we will do what we come you gave us as we drove in from the said: We will leave on schedule. And you airport and indeed as we drove to this base, can get back to normal. thousands of people along the road express- But before I do, before I leave and before ing their appreciation for our great country. Barbara leaves, let me just say that you all And let me say to them, we appreciate Pan- should take pride in knowing that you serve ama. We appreciate Panama’s move to de- at a time when Panama is reaching an en- mocracy, and no tiny little left-wing dem- tirely new status in the community of na- onstration is going to set your democracy tions. Those of you who took part in Just back. Cause and those of you who have come May I say in conclusion to the people since must take great satisfaction in Pan- in Panama, democracy takes a while to so- ama’s accomplishments. Don’t let this little lidify it, to perfect it. Democracy doesn’t ripple out there today that took place in come easy. But I could sense in that crowd the plaza, a handful of people trying to dis- today and amongst the leaders today the rupt this wonderful welcome, don’t let it determination to perfect and see Panama’s discourage you. I’d say the same to the peo- democracy come to total fulfillment. And ple. You can feel the heartbeat here, and let me say to the people of Panama, Barbara you are partly responsible for that wonder- and I are grateful for the welcome. The ful feeling between Panama and the United day of the dictator is over, and you should States of America. take great pride in what your country has Justice and freedom have been restored. done. With each sunrise the people of Panama All right, now, to all you Yankees out wake to liberty’s greatest gift: free elections, here—[applause]. In fact, I think I’ll go to free press, and free worship. I must say that work here; it’s hot out there. But a special the plaza where we came from, there’s a hello to those from this base, from other history there of protest and also vigil. But bases here in Panama. I know that some today that plaza is the people’s park. And I of you came a long, long way, an hour-and- wish every one of you could have seen the

922 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / June 11 welcome we had before a handful of char- ama and poisoning the kids in the United acters tried to disrupt it all. Each day you States. We will not fail in crushing the serve, you are visible reminders that freedom narco-traffickers. and democracy work. You’re laying a founda- And so to each and every one of you, tion for cooperation between our nations that our profound thanks for your service. Once will last for generations to come. again, to President Endara and his col- As I know, as we saw tragically just yester- leagues, my sincere thanks for the warmth day, there are times when some of your of the welcome and, much more important, comrades are called upon to make the ulti- for what Panama is doing as now a newly mate sacrifice. I want you to know as Com- found proud member of the family of na- mander in Chief that we honor the memory tions, moving down the path to democracy of Corporal Hernandez here today, a vet- and freedom. It is a wonderful example. eran of Desert Storm, and the memories Now we head off to the Environmental of all the proud, brave men and women Conference down there in Rio. And I look in uniform who gave their all in the service forward to that because we’re taking down of their country. The most fitting tribute there a sound, forward-looking message on to their memory and to their sacrifice is the measure of the environment. And I be- to complete the work they began. And lieve that we’re going to go just fine. therefore, we will continue to help the Pan- But thank you all for the service to the amanians build on their progress in greatest, freest country on the face of the strengthening democracy and developing Earth, the United States of America. Thank their economic system so that future gen- you very much. erations can share what you all have helped start, this new beginning. We’re going to work together to secure Note: The President spoke at 3:25 p.m. at a future of free trade, a link to economic Albrook Air Force Base. In his remarks, he recovery, progress, and prosperity. Our referred to Gen. George Joulwan, com- countries are going to work together to mander in chief, Southern Command, and bring an end to that dreadful narcotic traf- U.S. Army Cpl. Zak A. Hernandez, who was ficking that are poisoning the kids in Pan- killed June 10 by gunmen in Panama.

Statement on the Balanced Budget Amendment June 11, 1992

Today’s vote in the House shows that we I thank the 280 Members of the House, are close to realizing a goal that the over- Republican and Democrat, who stood up whelming majority of Americans support, to the special interests and voted for Ameri- adoption of a balanced budget constitutional ca’s future. To the 153 Members who voted amendment. The Democratic leadership’s against balancing the Federal budget, I say proposal was soundly defeated, and our bi- this: The will of the American people could partisan amendment came within just nine not be clearer. We must adopt a balanced votes of getting the two-thirds needed to budget amendment. pass. We are within striking distance of winning A balanced budget amendment is abso- this fight. I will be discussing with key bi- lutely essential to the economic health of partisan supporters bringing the balanced America. We cannot continue to burden our budget amendment up again as soon as pos- children and grandchildren with crippling sible and finding those few extra votes need- Federal deficits. ed to pass it.

923 June 11 / Administration of George Bush, 1992

Appointment of Maria Solandros Eitel Sheehan as Special Assistant to the President and Deputy Director of Media Affairs June 11, 1992

The President today announced the ap- as an associate producer for ‘‘World Beat,’’ pointment of Maria Solandros Eitel a foreign affairs television series. Prior to Sheehan, of Washington State, as Special this, she served in the economics section Assistant to the President and Deputy Di- of the U.S. Embassy in Cameroon. From rector of Media Affairs. 1983 to 1985, in Seattle, Ms. Eitel Sheehan Since 1989, Ms. Eitel Sheehan has served worked in the news and documentary de- the President as Deputy Director of Media partments of NBC affiliate KING–TV and Affairs with responsibility for regional, spe- was a freelance reporter and producer for cialty, and trade media. Before coming to PBS station KCTS–TV. the White House, Ms. Eitel Sheehan Ms. Eitel Sheehan graduated from McGill worked at the U.S. Information Agency as University in Montreal, Canada (B.A., 1983) a program officer and producer for and Georgetown University School of For- ‘‘Worldnet Dialogues’’ and as a correspond- eign Service (M.S.F.S., 1988). She was born ent for the television news program ‘‘Amer- June 26, 1962, in Everett, WA. She is mar- ica Today.’’ In 1987, Ms. Eitel Sheehan ried, has one child, and resides in Washing- worked at WETA–TV in Washington, DC, ton, DC.

Address to the United Nations Conference on Environment and Development in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil June 12, 1992

President Collor, Mr. Secretary-General, turn from Rio, I will meet with Russian heads of delegation, may I first express my President Yeltsin in Washington, and the admiration to Secretary-General Boutros- subject we will discuss is cooperation, not Ghali and my gratitude to Secretary General confrontation. Twenty years ago, some Maurice Strong for his tireless work in spoke of the limits to growth. Today we bringing this Earth summit together. This realize that growth is the engine of change is truly an historic gathering. and the friend of the environment. The Chinese have a proverb: If a man Today, an unprecedented era of peace, cheats the Earth, the Earth will cheat man. freedom, and stability makes concerted ac- The idea of sustaining the planet so that tion on the environment possible as never it may sustain us is as old as life itself. We before. This summit is but one key step must leave this Earth in better condition than we found it. in the process of international cooperation Today this old truth must be applied to on environment and development. The new threats facing the resources which sus- United States will work to carry forward the tain us all, the atmosphere and the ocean, promise of Rio because as important as the the stratosphere and the biosphere. Our vil- road to Rio has been, what matters more lage is truly global. Some find the chal- is the road from Rio. lenges ahead overwhelming. I believe that There are those who say that cooperation their pessimism is unfounded. between developed and developing coun- Twenty years ago, at the Stockholm con- tries is impossible. Well, let them come to ference, a chief concern of our predecessors Latin America, where debt-for-nature swaps was the horrible threat of nuclear war, the are protecting forests in Costa Rica and ultimate pollutant. No more. Upon my re- funding pollution control in Chile.

924 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / June 12

There are those who say that it takes state national forests and working to plant one control to protect the environment. Well, billion trees a year. let them go to Eastern Europe, where the We come to Rio with an extensive pro- poisoned bodies of children now pay for the gram of technology cooperation. We stand sins of fallen dictators, and only the new ready, Government and private sector, to breeze of freedom is allowing for cleanup. help spread green technology and launch There are those who say that change can a new generation of clean growth. never come because the interests of the sta- We come to Rio recognizing that the de- tus quo are too powerful. Well, let them veloping countries must play a role in pro- come right here to Brazil, where President tecting the global environment but will need Collor is forging a new approach that recog- assistance in pursuing these cleaner nizes the economic value of sustaining the growths. So we stand ready to increase U.S. rain forest. international environmental aid by 66 per- There are those who say that economic cent above the 1990 levels, on top of the growth and environmental protection can- more than $2.5 billion that we provide not be compatible. Well, let them come to through the world’s development banks for the United States, where, in the 20 years Agenda 21 projects. since Stockholm, our economy has grown We come to Rio with more scientific by 57 percent, and yet we have cut the knowledge about the environment than ever lead going into the air by 97 percent, the before and with the wisdom that there is carbon monoxide by 41 percent, the partic- much, much we do that’s not yet known. ulates by 59 percent. We’ve cleaned up our And we stand ready to share our science water and preserved our parks, wilderness, and to lead the world in a program of con- and wildlife. tinued research. There are those who say that the leaders of the world do not care about the Earth We come to Rio prepared to continue and the environment. Well, let them all America’s unparalleled efforts to preserve come here to Rio. species and habitat. And let me be clear. Mr. President, we have come to Rio. Our efforts to protect biodiversity itself will We’ve not only seen the concern, we share exceed, will exceed, the requirements of the it. We not only care, we’re taking action. treaty. But that proposed agreement threat- We come to Rio with an action plan on ens to retard biotechnology and undermine climate change. It stresses energy efficiency, the protection of ideas. Unlike the climate cleaner air, reforestation, new technology. agreement, its financing scheme will not I am happy to report that I have just signed work. And it is never easy, it is never easy the Framework Convention on Climate to stand alone on principle, but sometimes Change. leadership requires that you do. And now Today, I invite my colleagues from the is such a time. industrialized world to join in a prompt start Let’s face it, there has been some criti- on the convention’s implementation. I pro- cism of the United States. But I must tell pose that our countries meet by January 1st you, we come to Rio proud of what we have to lay out our national plans for meeting accomplished and committed to extending the specific commitments in the Framework the record on American leadership on the Convention. Let us join in translating the environment. In the United States, we have words spoken here into concrete action to the world’s tightest air quality standards on protect the planet. cars and factories, the most advanced laws We come to Rio with a proposal to dou- for protecting lands and waters, and the ble global forest assistance. We stand ready most open processes for public participa- to work together, respecting national sov- tion. ereignty, on new strategies for forests for Now for a simple truth: America’s record the future. As a downpayment, we will dou- on environmental protection is second to ble U.S. forest bilateral assistance next year. none. So I did not come here to apologize. And we will reform at home, phasing out We come to press on with deliberate pur- clear-cutting as a standard practice on U.S. pose and forceful action. Such action will

925 June 12 / Administration of George Bush, 1992 demonstrate our continuing commitment to be grateful that we met at Rio, and they leadership and to international cooperation will certainly be pleased with the intentions on the environment. stated and the commitments made. But they We believe that the road to Rio must will judge us by the actions we take from point toward both environmental protection this day forward. Let us not disappoint and economic growth, environment and de- them. velopment. By now it’s clear: To sustain de- Mr. President, once again, my congratula- velopment, we must protect the environ- tions to you, sir. Mr. Secretary-General, our ment. And to protect the environment, we sincere thanks. And thank you all very, very must sustain development. much. It’s been said that we don’t inherit the Earth from our ancestors, we borrow it Note: The President spoke at 3:19 p.m. in from our children. When our children look the Assembly Hall at the Riocentro Con- back on this time and this place, they will ference Center.

Statement on Signing the Framework Convention on Climate Change June 12, 1992

I have today signed the Framework Con- lion tons below projected levels in the year vention on Climate Change on behalf of the 2000. United States of America. This landmark Many of the items contained in the U.S. agreement is a major step forward by the action agenda are already being imple- international community in taking action to mented. Some were contained in the Clean address global climate change. It requires Air Act of 1990. Some energy efficiency countries to formulate, implement, and measures, such as EPA’s Green Lights pro- publish national programs for mitigating cli- gram, are being pursued under existing au- mate change by limiting net emissions of thority. Others, such as elements of the na- greenhouse gases. tional energy strategy, have been proposed The Framework Convention is com- by the administration and are awaiting final prehensive, covering all sources and sinks action by the U.S. Congress. of greenhouse gases. It provides the flexibil- No effort to address climate change can ity for national programs to be reviewed and be successful without the participation of updated as new scientific information be- the developing countries. We have pledged comes available. These are important and support for country studies, for the Global desirable features. The United States already has been work- Environmental Facility, and for various ing to develop plans that are responsive to other programs to help these countries the requirements of the convention. In Feb- begin the process of developing action pro- ruary of 1991, and again in the spring of grams. this year, my administration published a de- I have today invited the other industri- tailed program of specific measures that the alized nations who have signed the Frame- United States was prepared to undertake to work Convention to join me in a prompt address climate change. The administration start on its implementation. I have proposed also provided detailed estimates of the emis- that our countries meet by January 1st to sions effects of these measures. The U.S. present and review our national action plan stresses energy efficiency, cleaner air, plans. We look forward to cooperating with new technology, and reforestation. It is esti- the other developed nations in this regard mated that our plan will reduce annual net and to seeing what specific measures they greenhouse gas emissions by 125 to 200 mil- propose to undertake.

926 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / June 13

Appointment of Shiree Sanchez as Special Assistant to the President for Public Liaison June 12, 1992

The President today announced the ap- director of the Republican National Com- pointment of Shiree Sanchez as Special As- mittee Hispanic Auxiliary, 1988–89. Ms. sistant to the President for Public Liaison. Sanchez was appointed by the Governor of Since 1989, Ms. Sanchez has served at Texas to serve in the Texas department of the White House as Associate Director, Of- commerce, 1986–87. Other positions Ms. fice of Public Liaison. Ms. Sanchez works Sanchez has held include: assistant director on all issues related to Hispanic Americans of the Republican Party of Texas, 1985–86; and also is the liaison to Americans with and sales manager for Micro-D Inter- disabilities. national, Inc., of Huntington Beach, CA, Ms. Sanchez previously served as congres- 1982–86. sional liaison for the President-Elect’s Inau- gural Committee; as Texas director for His- Ms. Sanchez attended the University of panic outreach for the George Bush for Texas and is a native of Austin, TX. She President campaign, 1987; and as executive resides in Washington, DC.

Nomination of Jose Antonio Villamil To Be an Under Secretary of Commerce June 12, 1992

The President today announced his inten- nomics department with the Crocker Na- tion to nominate Jose Antonio Villamil, of tional Bank in San Francisco, CA. He also Florida, to be Under Secretary of Com- served as financial economist in the eco- merce for Economic Affairs. He would suc- nomic research division with the Continen- ceed Michael Rucker Darby. tal Illinois National Bank and Trust Com- Since 1989, Mr. Villamil has served as pany in Chicago, IL, 1975–78. In addition, Chief Economist for the Department of Mr. Villamil has served as an economist in Commerce and was elevated to the position the Office of Developing Nations Finance of Chief Economist and Special Adviser to at the Department of the Treasury, 1974– the Secretary in 1991. From 1981 to 1989, 75. From 1973 to 1974, he served as an he served as senior vice president and chief economic analyst in the international cor- economist in the corporate planning and ec- porate banking division with the First Na- onomics department in the office of the tional Bank of Miami in Miami, FL. chairman of the board at the Southeast Mr. Villamil graduated from Louisiana Bank in Miami, FL. State University (B.S. 1968; M.A. 1971). He From 1978 to 1981, Mr. Villamil served is married, has four children, and resides as vice president and economist in the eco- in McLean, VA.

The President’s News Conference in Rio de Janeiro June 13, 1992

The President. Well, let me first express Collor and the Brazilian people and to all my thanks and congratulations to President responsible for this Conference for their

927 June 13 / Administration of George Bush, 1992 hospitality, for their tremendous success in country. They’re a democratic country. I hosting the Earth summit. It’s obvious to think everybody who was there saw the all who came to Rio that the Brazilians warmth of the reception from the people made a special effort to accommodate so of Panama along the streets, and it was tre- many heads of states and delegates and mendous. journalists and visitors. They managed it What got the news, of course, was a hand- flawlessly, and they managed it with grace ful of demonstrators in demonstration. The and good humor. We’ve had a very success- smoke blew the wrong way as the police ful visit. tried to contain that small group, and that We’ve signed a climate convention. We’ve permitted the disruption of an outdoor rally. asked others to join us in presenting action But that should not obscure the fact that plans for the implementation of the climate Panama is democratic, Panama is free, Pan- convention. We’ve won agreement on forest ama is growing at 9.6 percent, and the principles. We found a warm reception warmth from the Panamanian people was among the G–7 and many developing coun- overwhelming. Can you let 300 people or tries to our Forests for the Future initiative. 200, whichever it is, carry the day in terms Many U.S. proposals on oceans and public of the reality? The answer is no. The hun- participation on the importance of economic dreds of thousands of people were much instruments and free markets were included more representative of the change. in this mammoth Agenda 21 document and Then I heard an interview from a prison the Rio Declaration. today by Mr. Noriega, the discredited drug Let me be clear on one fundamental lord who’s had a fair trial, as though his point. The United States fully intends to criticism means anything. I mean, come on. be the world’s preeminent leader in protect- Panama’s doing well. And I was very ing the global environment. We have been proud to be there, and so I’d like to go that for many years. We will remain so. We back. What we did in helping in the first believe that environment and development, place to protect Americans’ lives, secondly the two subjects of this Conference, can and to restore democracy, it’s good. It’s very, should go hand in hand. A growing econ- very positive. omy creates the resources necessary for en- In terms of Rio, as I said yesterday, we vironmental protection, and environmental are the leaders; we’re not the followers. And protection makes growth sustainable over the fact that we don’t go along with every the long term. I think that recognition of single covenant, I don’t think that means that fact by leaders from around the world a relinquishment of leadership. I think we is the central accomplishment of this impor- are, and I think the record shows we are, tant Rio Conference. the leading environmental nation in the So with no further ado, I believe, Tom world. So I would just reject the premise [Tom Raum, Associated Press], you have or say, no, this doesn’t concern me. the first question, sir. Q. If I may do a followup, Mr. President. Along those lines, you set a January 1st tar- Panama Demonstration and Environmental get for another meeting of the Conference Policy to discuss global warming. You’ve set a lot Q. Mr. President, to what extent do the of deadlines for Congress that haven’t been images Americans have seen back home of heeded. Your proposal yesterday wasn’t par- your being hustled off the stage in Panama ticularly well-received by the other nations. and not being allowed to give your speech, Why do you think that that January 1st and the isolation that the United States has deadline will be heeded any more than your had in Rio, to what extent does this erode congressional deadlines? into what Americans seem to still feel is The President. I don’t think there’s any your strong suit, your ability to conduct for- comparison because I think the G–7 nations eign policy? and the developed nations want to meet the The President. I think in both instances commitments that they’ve signed up for. So the reality will prevail. In Panama, Panama I’ve not found that it wasn’t received well has made dramatic strides. They’re a free at all. In fact, Bill Reilly told me it was

928 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / June 13 well-received. And we will be there with example, and yet they were privately critical specific plans. of you. And you suggested that that was Now, you want to talk about leadership? so. Would you care to elaborate on who We will be there with specific plans, pre- they were and what they—— pared to share, but more important, that The President. No, I don’t think I sug- others who have signed these documents gested that at all. What I’m saying is let’s ought to have specific plans. So I think this go forward. is a leadership role. We are challenging Q. Do you think they’re glad that you them to come forward. We will be there. had taken the position that you have taken? I think the Third World and others are enti- The President. Well, I think most are. I tled to know that the commitments made think most people are glad that we’ve taken are going to be commitments kept. this position to go forward. I was very Brit [Brit Hume, ABC News]. pleased, incidentally, with the remarks by Q. Mr. President, you and members of Chancellor Kohl, by Brian Mulroney; had your administration feel that you came here a good talk with the Prime Minister of with a good record on the environment and Japan before getting here; I’m most appre- a good case to make for the positions you’ve ciative of John Major for what he said. So taken. If that’s so, sir, how is it that the I think there’s not only understanding but words, remarks of your critics seem to so support for American positions. dominate the atmosphere? Bill Reilly told me, and I don’t want to The President. Well, I don’t know. I guess get into a private conversation, but yester- it’s because all the banks that weren’t day evening he talked to some of the devel- robbed today don’t make news. When oping nations’ representatives, and they Americans criticize America outside of were rather supportive of what we said. So America, that seems to make news. The the fact that we didn’t sign that one treaty positive accomplishments I think should does not diminish, in my view, the U.S. make the news, and I maintain that we have leadership role. Sometimes leadership is not the best environmental record in the world. going along with everybody else. And I think the people I talked to yesterday certainly would concede that we have been ’92 Elections world leaders. But I can’t answer that question for you, Q. Mr. President, Mr. Quayle made a Brit, as to why the news is dominated by speech yesterday to the Federalist Society the critics. I have said that American envi- in which he called Ross Perot a tempera- ronmental policy is not going to be domi- mental person who has contempt for the nated by the extremes, because I believe Constitution and suggested that the country that the title of economic development as elect a Democratic President and a Demo- well as environmental protection is in order. cratic Congress if they couldn’t elect a Re- I think both things count. Bill Reilly has publican President, a Republican Congress. made that point over and over again since How do you feel about these two sugges- he’s been here. tions? But maybe it’s the same as the Panama The President. I feel they ought to elect question. What dominates is the protest, not a Republican President and a Republican the fact that there was a great, warm recep- Congress. I feel very unenthusiastic about tion along the way. the second one. [Laughter] And I feel that Q. Well, if I could follow up, sir—— you better ask Mr. Quayle about what he The President. Yes. said. I’ve vowed not to go after either of Q. ——you, in one remark you made, and the opponents until after the convention, members of your administration have indi- and I’ve also said that I’m getting kind of cated that there are other nations here, anxious to get after the convention. some of whose officials were critical of your Q. May I follow up, sir? This is your run- positions, who are in no position themselves, ning mate echoing what Warren Rudman or their countries are in no position, to meet said, in which somebody’s got to govern this the terms of the climate change treaty, for country, and if it’s going to be gridlocked

929 June 13 / Administration of George Bush, 1992 between the White House and the Capitol, The President. Yes. I don’t think that’s something has to be done. I realize it’s hy- true. perbole, but he’s your running mate, and Q. Which one, there were several ele- you disagree with those remarks? ments. Which, that you might sign these The President. Well, I agree with him— agreements? listen, I say give me a Republican Congress, The President. That I’m not pressured by and we’ll move on things. Let me give you domestic politics as to what our sound envi- an example. The American people want a ronmental practices are. We’ve got sound balanced budget amendment to the Con- environmental practices. We are not going stitution. Seven cosponsors of that amend- to sign up to things that we can’t do. We’re ment were pulled off of the sponsorship and not going to sign up to do things we don’t voted against their own amendment, their believe in. I happen to believe that in bio- own resolution, because of the cracking of diversity it is important to protect our the whip by the Democratic leadership. The rights, our business rights. And I happen arrogance of the leadership to pull away to think that when we do, whether it’s in people that had sponsored it, I’ll tell you, a biodiversity treaty or a GATT arrange- the American people are not for that. ment, we make things better for others. I So I think in a wide array of issues, as believe that American biotechnology can I said at the press conference the other help others. But it can’t be if the product night, the American people back what we’re of that is taken away or if the incentive standing for. They want revolutionary edu- to innovate and the incentive to profit by cational reform. They want tougher crime your research is removed. legislation. And I could just go through a So, this isn’t domestic politics ’92 that de- whole litany of things that the American termines whether I’m going to sign a bio- people want that I am advocating that have diversity treaty or not, if that was the ques- been blocked by a hostile, Democratic, po- tion. litically leaning leadership in the United Q. And their assertion that they sense in States Congress. So a lot can happen. There you an anxiety, a feeling of pressure? is gridlock. A lot can happen, however, if The President. If they sense an anxiety, we have more Republicans in the Congress. they may be right. I mean, this has been Look back to the early parts of the a tough, weird political year at home. But Reagan administration when we controlled it has nothing to do with sound policy. It the Senate. It was then that things moved has nothing to do with whether I’m going forward, and that was only one house. I to shape something as important as environ- think the House, that’s been in control by mental policy based on an election that’s, the Democrats so long, needs to be shaken what, 4 or 5 months away. up. And I think that’s why I agree so strong- Yes, Susan [Susan Spencer, CBS News]. ly with that concept of give me a Repub- lican Congress and watch this country change and move forward. Presidential Campaign In foreign affairs, fortunately, I don’t need a congressional acquiescence every Q. Mr. President, you have no assurance step of the way. of getting a Republican Congress. And in Yes, Charles [Charles Bierbauer, Cable light of that and the fact that you’ve now Network News]. been in office for 4 years, why should the American people look to you as the agent Environmental Policy of revolutionary change? Q. Mr. President, some of the other lead- The President. Because they agree fun- ers here, including some who say they know damentally with our ideas. When you see a you well, feel that you might just, well, sign group of Democrats can’t run for office in some of these agreements but not in an California campaigning for tougher crime election year and that you are feeling pres- legislation and having voted against tougher sured by the roller coaster nature of policy. crime legislation, I say there is a little bit Can you comment on that, sir? of an indicator that the American people want

930 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / June 13 tougher crime legislation, and they’d love to summit say that poverty leads to many of get it through. The way to get it through is the environmental problems and that pov- put more people in Congress that agree erty in developing nations is perpetuated by with me. unending foreign debt and an unfair trade Our ideas—when we talk about family balance that funnels money from the south values, or we talk about fiscal sanity, or to the north. They criticize the Earth sum- when we talk about sound environmental mit and wealthy nations like the United practice, when we say that we’re not going States for not focusing on these issues here. to throw people out of work needlessly— How would you respond to that criticism, all of these things have support from the please? American people. And I would say that The President. I would take great credit when you look around at this screwy year for the fact that the United States has taken people do seem to be fingering Congress the leadership role, a unique one that’s even more than the President. been well-received, in debt-for-equity swaps Q. Sir, a lot of polls indicate that many or forgiveness of debt or debt-for-environ- of the American people say they don’t know mental swaps. And I think that shows that what it is you want to do in your second we are sensitive to the problems of the term. Third World in terms of the economy. The President. Well, maybe we need to I happen to believe that a successful con- make that a little clearer, and I think this clusion to the GATT round, the Uruguay Conference helps. I think the fact that round of GATT, will do more than any for- somebody’s going to take a focus on what’s eign aid program of any country to help happened around the world, and they’ll see the Third World, because I believe their the leadership we’ve brought to many things products will be able to flow more freely will be helpful. That’s not in focus. You’re and they will be able to prosper by the mar- dealing with polls all the time and some ket that they’ve been denied access to new trend. But the American people sort through various forms of protection. So both these things out. They’ll sort it out, and I those areas I think would refute the allega- will win. tion. Q. Mr. Clinton has said that he will re- Q. As a followup, there are those who lease a 100-day agenda of what he would say that if the GATT is successful and these do in the first 100 days, specifically. Will barriers are dropped, these developing na- you do the same? tions will not be able to protect their own The President. I’ve already done it. But developing industries from the multilaterals yes, I’ll rephrase it and make it clearer becoming in. How do you respond to that? cause I think it is important that the Amer- The President. Well, I say that the things ican people know of my firm commitment they do best they’ll be able to get into the to revolutionary educational change. world markets, and I just am convinced that Here’s a good example. We’ve got the free and fair trade is best for everybody. best new education approach for the United If you don’t believe me, take a country that States in history, the best. And we’ve had is now moving well along on the develop- it up there—we’ve got the six goals. And ment path; talk to President Carlos Salinas it’s hung up by the old thinkers in Congress. of Mexico. He is convinced that the free So I think maybe it would be a good idea. trade agreement with Mexico will be good But I’m taking these ideas up there every for him, Mexico, good for the United States, single day with specificity to the Hill. It’s and good for the environment. And he’s a little different than when you’re outside right. He believes that Mexico, and he’s shooting in. made this point over and over again, can do much more in environmental cleanup, Developing Nations environmental progress if this free trade Q. Yes, Patricia Walsh, United Press agreement is met. Now, there’s a very good International, a slightly little bit longer refutation to the criticism you say some are question for you, Mr. President. Some re- making. spected environmentalists here at the Earth Yes, John [John Cochran, NBC News].

931 June 13 / Administration of George Bush, 1992

Environmental Policy The President. Yes, please. Q. A couple of questions about your wish Q. Sir, you talk about not wanting to jeop- back in the ’88 campaign to be the environ- ardize jobs by being overly conscious of en- mental President. It would be difficult for vironmental concerns, but you’ve never real- a politician that got a parking ticket in a ly been very specific about which jobs you red-light district to campaign as a family val- would save with your policies, for example, ues candidate, even though there may be on global warming and the biodiversity trea- a perfectly acceptable reason for his being ty. there. Given the opposition of environ- The President. I will give you an example, mental groups, can you still campaign as the and that was on the owl decision. There environmental President, and will you? what was clearly at stake was some 30,000 The President. Well, I think so—and for jobs in the Northwest. That decision was the very reasons that the man standing next met with some opposition by certain envi- to me, who has superb environmental cre- ronmentalists, but it was a good decision. dentials, has made over and over again here. Some people regrettably will still be put out You cannot go to the extreme. And yes, I of work, but not near as many as if that do have to be concerned about the Amer- arrangement had not been achieved. ican worker, about taxes, about a lot of things like that; a President must be concerned. But I think we have an outstanding Russia-U.S. Relations environmental record. Q. President Yeltsin fears the United Let me just click off some of it for you: States is trying to take strategic advantage The Clean Air Act, and that was ours. We in nuclear weapons. You’ll be seeing him did it. We needed the Democrats’ support, next week. Is this true, and are you optimis- and we got it done. It is the most forward- tic you’ll be able to reach an agreement looking piece of legislation that any country with him? has in place. The President. No, we are not trying to We’ve got a national energy strategy that take strategic advantage of Russia. I hope emphasizes alternate fuels and conservation that President Yeltsin knows that. Jim Baker and all of this part of it. We’ve got a foresta- is talking to Mr. Kozyrev; he’s finished now, tion program that is second to none. I’d I believe. I talked to him yesterday. If like to see the Congress move forward with Yeltsin still feels that way when he comes, my plan to plant a billion trees a year, and President Yeltsin, I will make another effort we’re going to keep pushing on that. to disabuse him of that. We’ve done what’s right environmentally I think we have a rare opportunity to on drilling, putting the sensitive, environ- move forward with Russia on many fronts, mentally sensitive areas off bounds. We’ve helping them solidify their reforms, helping done that in the Florida Keys, for example, the world get what it wants, which is more and off of Big Sur. stability and progress in not only arms con- We have over a billion dollars in new trol but the whole nuclear proliferation lands, and our parks, forests, wildlife ref- field. These are very, very important things. uges, have all been added to. So we have I might go back to Susan’s [Susan Spen- a good stewardship of the land. cer, CBS News] question. I am very happy We took the leadership in phasing out that we’re talking now about these kinds of CFC’s, and I think that is a very important things when we weren’t a few years ago to environmental leadership role by the United this degree. We’ve made dramatic progress, States. Our budget for EPA is up consider- and our children, as somebody pointed out ably, our Environmental Protection Agency. to me again yesterday, picking up on the So I think along the lines we’ve done theme that I have, go to bed at night far less very, very well. And I think that’s a case worried about nuclear war. In the final anal- I will be proud to take to the American ysis, the American people are going to say, people. well, this administration deserves some Q. Can I follow up with one, sir? credit, not all but some credit for that.

932 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / June 13

So if President Yeltsin feels as you do, he would not raise taxes except in a national I will have no trouble disabusing him of emergency. And as someone who has had this. some experience on statements about no new taxes, I wonder if you feel that Mr. Environmental Policy Perot is oversimplifying the situation and if Q. Mr. President, on the way back home you would agree with that on the other today you will be flying for some two to side? [Laughter] three hours over the Amazon forests. Do The President. Well, you must have you believe your 200-something U.S. million missed what I said earlier on, not wanting dollars of your Forests for the Future initia- to engage Mr. Perot. So I’ll respectfully not tive will make a difference? engage him on that. The President. Well, I certainly think it will, and most people here seem to think U.N. Conference on Environment it will, yes. I salute President Collor for the Q. Mr. President, in following up this steps he is taking in terms of preservation Conference, what do you think you’ll be of that great forest. doing in the way of supporting an inter- You see, we’ve got a good record in terms national organization to oversee the work of forest policy. We’re doing something that has come out of this Conference? about below-cost timber sales in 10 national The President. I think one of the main forests. We’ve signed this Tongass Timber things we’re going to do is go forward with Reform Act, which is in a very sensitive— this January 1st date in order to present below-cost timber sales in an extraordinarily detailed plans to meet the climate change sensitive American rain forest. commitments. We’re pretty far along on So I think we’ve got a good record. I’m that, and we’re prepared to share with oth- very pleased with the way that forestry ini- ers. Bill Reilly will be actively involved in tiative has been received here. I noticed that. Any commitment we make here will that it was singled out by several of the be kept, and so we have a broad agenda leaders in their speech yesterday. And it’s to follow through on. those positive things that I think just em- We forget that there are many, many phasize once again the U.S. role of leader- commitments, some involving funds, some ship in the environment. not, being made here at this Conference. And the EPA leadership will be extraor- POW–MIA’s dinarily busy in getting specific now to fol- Q. Mr. President, what do you think, sir, low them up. I’m excited about that because of this revelation from Boris Yeltsin that the I think our leadership is up to it, and I Soviet Union was holding 12 American think others will welcome it. POW’s during the 1950’s? And were you ever aware of this either in your role as Iraq once CIA Director or as President, and did Q. Mr. President, the House Judiciary you ever get a hint of this from your close Committee has now asked you to make your relationship with Mikhail Gorbachev? aides and documents available to provide The President. No. In fact, I believe that further details about the assistance your ad- Mr. Gorbachev denied it. And what do I ministration gave to Iraq before the Gulf think of it is, I think it’s very, very credible war. Do you intend to comply with that re- and very good that President Yeltsin is com- quest? ing forward with this kind of full disclosure. The President. I don’t know what—— He’s done it in other areas. He’s done it Q. And what do you think of their efforts in the field of biological and chemical weap- to create an independent counsel? ons. It’s one more reason why we want to The President. I think it’s political. I think work very closely with him, and I salute it’s purely political. We have had detailed him for doing that. testimony by Larry Eagleburger. I myself have discussed the policy. I sense a frustra- Presidential Campaign tion on the part of the Democrats because Q. Mr. President, Mr. Perot has said that of what we had to do and did in terms of

933 June 13 / Administration of George Bush, 1992 the war. I think it is a pure political inquest, do not know. I’m a little sick of it, but and we have complied fully. I know politics there’s not a heck of a lot I can do about when I see it. I know political timing when it except to express a continual and some- I see it. So, we have disclosed, and we will what mounting frustration as I see now an- continue to cooperate with Congress. But other attack. Our policy was well-known. the determination on the special prosecutor, We tried to bring Saddam Hussein into the let’s wait and see where that one goes. family of nations. That policy was not suc- But I must say that it smells political to cessful. We did not enhance his nuclear, me. I see these other hearings up there that biological, or chemical weapon capability, a have cost the taxpayers millions. And, inci- charge recklessly made in this political year. dentally, I will make one last appeal to the When we failed and when he took an ag- Congress: I would say, would you please gression, the whole world joined with us say yes or no as to whether I was in Paris in standing against it. Now some of the very at any time, say nothing about the fall of people that opposed U.S. action are trying 1980, because you’re spending millions of to redeem themselves by a lot of political the taxpayers’ dollars trying to prove on the inquiry. And I don’t think the American basis of a stupid book that I was there. people are going to stand for it. Would you please certify to the American Thank you all very much. people whether this now-President and then-candidate was in Paris? Why the Congress keeps spending the Note: The President’s 131st news conference taxpayers’ monies on these witch hunts, I began at 11 a.m. in the Sheraton Rio.

Remarks at the Groundbreaking Ceremony for the Korean War Veterans Memorial June 14, 1992

Thank you very much, very much. May about to be fulfilled, his leadership re- I say that it is an honor for me to be intro- warded. duced by General Davis and to have just Ambassador Hyun, may I ask you, sir, to met with so many men that wear with pride pay our respects to President Roh Tae Woo. the Congressional Medal of Honor, the And you can tell him this: The United highest award our country can give. And States is going to fulfill our obligations to may I salute the Members of Congress who peace on the Korean peninsula. The United are with us today. I haven’t seen them all, States does not quit, and we will stay with but over my shoulder is Senator Rudman, the job. May I salute the members of the who fought in Korea; Senator Dole, a hero diplomatic corps. of World War II; Senator Chafee, who was We meet, you know, on a very special in the Korean fight; and many others. I’m day. It is Flag Day. It is the 217th anniver- going to miss a few over here, but I got sary of the United States Army. It’s a special the ones I see. And Congressman Mont- occasion to break ground for a memorial gomery, a friend of all the veterans, holding to those veterans whose courage now lives up his hand so I wouldn’t miss him. I’m as history, passed from one generation to going to get in trouble now. So there they another. are. Of course, I want to single out, as did This is not a memorial to war, but a me- others, General Stilwell. I was privileged to morial to peace America has always fought serve with him in the intelligence commu- for. I was Vice President when Ronald nity. I respect him. I know of his record. Reagan signed legislation authorizing the I’m pleased that his beloved Alice is with creation of a national Korean War Veterans us; his son, Dick, Jr. His dream is now Memorial. And today, as President, I’m

934 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / June 14 proud to help honor America’s peacemakers amid the shroud of darkness to illuminate who served during the Korean war. the night. America’s uniformed sons and daughters Here in God’s light amid the woods, we went to Korea not for themselves. Hating recall, as proved in Korea and again, as war, they sought only liberty. They fought General Davis mentioned, in the Persian so that the enslaved might be free. They Gulf, that together allies could contain tyr- fought in the Pusan Perimeter and at In- anny by combining strength. Fighting side chon, on Heartbreak Ridge, and Pork Chop by side under the flag of the United Na- Hill, in the sea and the air and the gullies tions, freedom-loving countries of the and the ridges. And to our 5.7 million Ko- United States and the Republic of Korea rean war veterans, a grateful Nation thanks and other allies strove to halt aggression. you for what you did. For stopping totali- And did we succeed? Did we ever. We tarianism, the entire free world still salutes built a stable peace that has lasted nearly you. 40 years, and together we held the line. We remember first how America’s finest And in the wake of North Korea’s wanton took up arms and bore our burden for a aggression in June of 1950, America did not cause larger than ourselves. Among them hesitate. The Eighth United States Army was Lieutenant Colonel John Page, then 46, dispatched Task Force Smith as the lead at home in New Orleans with his wife and element of what eventually—[applause]. kids. He became one of the 54,246 Ameri- And I saluted some of the veterans of that cans who gave their lives; the more than task force, a task force which eventually be- 103,000 that were wounded; the over 8,000 came a mighty United Nations effort to hold still missing or unaccounted for. the line. Who can forget the epic battle of Let me put it plain: Though many MIA’s the First Marine Division at Chosin Res- have returned to America in the past years, ervoir. They held the line against over- no one can rest until all have been ac- whelming odds. And so did men named counted for. I know our Secretary of De- MacArthur and Ridgeway and Chesty Pull- fense, our able Secretary of Defense, Dick er, veterans who serve in the Halls of Con- Cheney, feels exactly that way and is doing gress, some of whom are with us today, vet- everything he can to guarantee every single erans like James Garner and Neil Arm- American is accounted for. strong. Men like John Page did the hard work These Americans sought the highest cause of freedom. Seeking the enemy position, he and the community of God and man, a asked to ride in a two-seat observer plane. world where the force of law outlasted the Once in the air he told the pilot to fly low use of force. And so did other parties I over their encampment. Speechless, the want to thank, for instance, sponsors like pilot watched as Page pulled pins from the American Battle Monuments Commis- three grenades, leaned out of the cockpit, sion, chaired by the great General P.X. and dropped them on the enemy positions. Kelly behind me here, we owe him a vote Later he bombed foxholes with grenades, of thanks; and the Korean War Veterans climbed aboard a tank and fired machine Memorial Advisory Board, with General Ray gun bursts which forced the enemy to flee, Davis as its chairman; and Chung Dul Ok, and then finally led a rush which destroyed whose company donated over $1 million to an enemy roadblock and made three dozen this memorial. of the enemy retreat. Let me note this: Every penny, every John Page did all of this in his first 12 penny of its funding has been privately fi- days in combat, which were his last 12 days nanced. And thanks to the designers of this on Earth. His last reported words were to memorial’s unforgettable silhouette, we sa- a comrade, ‘‘Get back, that’s an order. I’ll lute them as well. cover you.’’ And the Marine Corps named Finally, let me salute the foot soldiers you this Army man a recipient of the Navy see in this memorial, whose memory we Cross. America gave him the Medal of take with us, whose nobility enriches us. I Honor. He showed how greatness touched mean the men and women who braved the all those who went to this unknown land heat and cold, lack of sleep and food, and

935 June 14 / Administration of George Bush, 1992 the human hell of fire. They were rich and ours would not be the land of the free if poor, black and white and red and brown it were not the home of the brave. And and yellow. The soldiers I speak of were in that spirit, with eternal love for what you young, I’m sure afraid, and far from home. did and what you are, it is now my privilege Yet in the foxholes, in the foothills, across to break the ground on behalf of every the rugged snow-covered ridges, they were American for the Korean War Veterans Me- selfless. Most of all they were Americans. morial. At this wonderful site, just take a look May God bless those who served. And at Ash Woods, a quiet grove of trees right may God bless ours, the greatest, freest near the majestic Lincoln Memorial. Recall country on the face of the Earth, the United how it endures as testimony to the living States of America. Thank you all very, very and the dead. When tyranny threatened, much. you were quick to answer your country’s call. Sadly, your country wasn’t quite as quick to answer your call for recognition Note: The President spoke at 2:45 p.m. on of that sacrifice. And today we say, the the Mall. In his remarks, he referred to Gen. length of time it has taken for this day to Richard Stilwell, who led the effort for the arrive only adds to the depth of our grati- Korean War Veterans Memorial, and Hong- tude. Choo Hyun, Ambassador of the Republic of I believe that the Korean war showed that Korea.

Remarks Prior to Discussions With President Sali Berisha of Albania June 15, 1992

President Berisha. I’ve been very pleased and—— with the reception that Albanians felt to Mr. President Berisha. Thank you very much. Baker, because on that occasion they We appreciate also very much the attitude showed that the propaganda against didn’t of United States adopted toward ex-Yugo- work at all, and Albanians have had in their slavia. And I could assure you that the hearts and minds special feelings and very heartiness of your attitude and the states- friendly feelings for the United States and man that Mr. Baker did in London was very United States Government and people. important to slow down the activity and to President Bush. Well, that’s good. You stop the shifting of the war to Kosovo and know, I just signed the agreement, sending other regions. it up to Capitol Hill to push forward now President Bush. Well, we want to talk a with these preferences. I just want you to little more about that when we have our know that I took great pleasure in doing private meeting, because we are very anx- that, and I want you to have a pen. You ious to be helpful where we can. But you’re get a free pen there. so close to it; I want to get your views on President Berisha. Thank you very much. Kosovo and see where we go. President Bush. That was the one I used to sign that paper. When you go up to see the Congress, I hope you’ll encourage them to move swiftly now. We will do our best from here. But I don’t think there will be Note: The remarks began at 1:32 p.m. in any controversy at all on this. I think every- the Oval Office at the White House. A tape body salutes what you’re doing. was not available for verification of the con- President Berisha. It is for Albanian peo- tent of these remarks. The proclamation on ple a very historical signature. trade with Albania is listed in Appendix E President Bush. Well, it’s important at the end of this volume.

936 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / June 15

Letter to Congressional Leaders on Trade With Albania June 15, 1992

Dear Mr. Speaker: (Dear Mr. President:) rights in conducting commercial trans- In accordance with section 407 of the actions both within Albania and with Alba- Trade Act of 1974 (Public Law 93–618, Jan- nian nationals and business entities. Other uary 3, 1975; 88 Stat. 1978), as amended provisions include those dealing with settle- (the ‘‘Trade Act’’), I am transmitting a copy ment of commercial disputes, financial of a proclamation that extends nondiscrim- transactions, and government commercial inatory treatment to the products of Alba- offices. Through this Agreement, Albania nia. I also enclose the text of the ‘‘Agree- also undertakes obligations to modernize ment on Trade Relations Between the and upgrade very substantially its protection United States of America and the Republic of intellectual property rights. Once fully of Albania,’’ including exchanges of letters implemented, the Albanian intellectual that form an integral part of the Agreement, property regime will be on a par with that which was signed on May 14, 1992, and of our principal industrialized trading part- which is included as an annex to the procla- ners. This Agreement will not alter U.S. law mation. or practice with respect to the protection The Agreement will provide a non- of intellectual property. discriminatory framework for our bilateral On May 20, 1992, I waived application trade relations and thus strengthen both of subsections (a) and (b) of section 402 economic and political relations between of the Trade Act to Albania. I determined the United States and Albania. Conclusion that this waiver will substantially promote of this Agreement is an important step we the objectives of section 402, and, pursuant can take to provide greater economic bene- to section 402(c)(2) of the Trade Act, noti- fits to both countries. It will also give fur- fied the Congress that I have received as- ther impetus to the progress we have made surances that the emigration practices of Al- in our overall diplomatic relations since last bania will henceforth lead substantially to year and help to reinforce political and eco- achievement of those objectives. nomic reform in Albania. In that context, I urge that the Congress act as soon as the United States is encouraging Albania to possible to approve the ‘‘Agreement on continue to strive for a democratic, plural- Trade Relations Between the United States istic society. of America and the Republic of Albania’’ and the proclamation extending nondiscrim- I believe that the Agreement is consistent inatory treatment to products of Albania by with both the letter and the spirit of the enactment of a joint resolution referred to Trade Act. It provides for mutual extension in section 151 of the Trade Act. of nondiscriminatory tariff treatment while seeking to ensure overall reciprocity of eco- Sincerely, nomic benefits. It includes safeguard ar- GEORGE BUSH rangements to ensure that our trade with Albania will grow without causing disruption Note: Identical letters were sent to Thomas to the U.S. market and consequent injury S. Foley, Speaker of the House of Represent- to domestic firms or loss of jobs for Amer- atives, and Dan Quayle, President of the ican workers. Senate. The proclamation and the agreement The Agreement also confirms and ex- were published in the Federal Register on pands for American businesses certain basic June 17.

937 June 15 / Administration of George Bush, 1992

Presidential Determination No. 92–33—Memorandum on Trade With Albania June 15, 1992

Memorandum for the Secretary of State States of America and the Republic of Alba- Subject: Determination Under Section nia’’ will promote the purposes of the Trade 405(a) of the Trade Act of 1974, as Act and is in the national interest. Amended—Albania You are authorized and directed to transmit copies of this determination to the ap- Pursuant to the authority vested in me propriate Members of Congress and to pub- under the Trade Act of 1974 (Public Law lish it in the Federal Register. 93–618, January 3, 1975; 88 Stat. 1978), as amended (the ‘‘Trade Act’’), I determine, GEORGE BUSH pursuant to section 405(a) of the Trade Act (19 U.S.C. 2435(a)), that the ‘‘Agreement [Filed with the Office of the Federal Reg- on Trade Relations Between the United ister, 2:11 p.m., June 24, 1992]

Memorandum on the Generalized System of Preferences June 15, 1992

Memorandum for the United States Trade forded to such beneficiary developing coun- Representative tries as a result of my determinations. Specifically, after considering a private Subject: Actions Concerning the sector request for a review concerning the Generalized System of Preferences alleged expropriation by Peru of property Pursuant to sections 502(b)(4), 502(b)(7), owned by a United States person allegedly and 502(c)(5) and section 504 of the Trade without prompt, adequate, and effective Act of 1974, as amended (the 1974 Act) compensation, without entering into good (19 U.S.C. 2462(b)(4), 2462(b)(7), faith negotiations to provide such com- 2462(c)(5), and 2464), I am authorized to pensation or otherwise taking steps to dis- make determinations concerning the alleged charge its obligations, and without submit- expropriation without compensation by a ting the expropriation claim to arbitration, beneficiary developing country, to make I have decided to continue the review of findings concerning whether steps have the alleged expropriation by Peru. been taken or are being taken by certain Second, after considering various private beneficiary developing countries to afford sector requests for a review of whether or internationally recognized worker rights to not certain beneficiary developing countries workers in such countries, to take into ac- have taken or are taking steps to afford count in determining the Generalized Sys- internationally recognized worker rights (as tem of Preferences (GSP) eligibility of a defined in section 502(a)(4) of the 1974 Act beneficiary developing country the extent to (19 U.S.C. 2462(a)(4)) to workers in such which certain beneficiary developing coun- countries, and in accordance with section tries are providing adequate and effective 502(b)(7) of the 1974 Act (19 U.S.C. means under its laws for foreign nationals 2462(b)(7)), I have determined that Ban- to secure, to exercise, and to enforce exclu- gladesh and Sri Lanka have taken or are sive rights in intellectual property, including taking steps to afford internationally recog- patents, trademarks, and copyrights, and to nized worker rights, and I have determined modify the application of duty-free treat- that Syria has not taken and is not taking ment under the GSP currently being af- steps to afford such internationally recog-

938 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / June 15 nized rights. Therefore, I am notifying the the 1974 Act with respect to certain eligible Congress of my intention to suspend the articles from certain beneficiary developing GSP eligibility of Syria. Finally, I have de- countries. I have received the advice of the termined to continue to review the status United States International Trade Commis- of such worker rights in El Salvador, Mauri- sion on whether any industries in the tania, Panama, and Thailand. United States are likely to be adversely af- Third, after considering various private fected by such waivers, and I have deter- sector requests for a review of whether or mined, based on that advice and on the con- not certain beneficiary developing countries siderations described in sections 501 and are providing adequate and effective means 502(c) of the 1974 Act (19 U.S.C. 2461 and under their laws for foreign nationals to se- 2462(c)), that such waivers are in the na- cure, to exercise, and to enforce exclusive tional economic interest of the United rights in intellectual property, including pat- States. The waivers of the application of ents, trademarks, and copyrights, I have de- section 504(c) of the 1974 Act apply to the termined to continue the review of Guate- eligible articles in the HTS subheadings and mala and Malta. the beneficiary developing countries set op- Pursuant to section 504 of the 1974 Act, posite such HTS subheadings enumerated after considering various requests for a below. waiver of the application of section 504(c) These determinations shall be published of the 1974 Act (19 U.S.C. 2464(c)) with in the Federal Register. respect to certain eligible articles, I have determined that it is appropriate to modify GEORGE BUSH the application of duty-free treatment under the GSP currently being afforded to certain [Filed with the Office of the Federal Reg- articles and to certain beneficiary develop- ister, 9:58 a.m., June 16, 1992] ing countries. Specifically, pursuant to section 504(c)(3) Note: This memorandum and its annex were of the 1974 Act (19 U.S.C. 2464(c)(3)), I published in the Federal Register on June have determined that it is appropriate to 17. The related proclamation is listed in Ap- waive the application of section 504(c) of pendix E at the end of this volume.

Letter to Congressional Leaders on Trade With Syria June 15, 1992

Dear Mr. Speaker: (Dear Mr. President:) This notice is submitted in accordance I am writing concerning the Generalized with section 502(a)(2) of the Trade Act of System of Preferences (GSP). The GSP pro- 1974. gram offers duty-free access to the U.S. Sincerely, market for products that are imported from developing countries. It is authorized by title V of the Trade Act of 1974. Pursuant to title V, I have determined GEORGE BUSH that Syria no longer meets the eligibility requirements set forth in the GSP law. In particular, I have determined that Syria has not taken and is not taking steps to afford Note: Identical letters were sent to Thomas internationally recognized worker rights. Ac- S. Foley, Speaker of the House of Represent- cordingly, I intend to suspend Syria indefi- atives, and Dan Quayle, President of the nitely as a designated beneficiary developing Senate. The related proclamation is listed country for purposes of the GSP. in Appendix E at the end of this volume.

939 June 15 / Administration of George Bush, 1992

Memorandum on the Generalized System of Preferences June 15, 1992

Memorandum for the United States Trade er, and I have determined, based on that Representative advice and on the considerations described in sections 501 and 502(c) of the 1974 Act Subject: Actions Concerning the (19 U.S.C. 2461 and 2462(c)), that such Generalized System of Preferences waiver is in the national economic interest Pursuant to section 504 of the 1974 Act, of the United States. after considering various requests for a Further, I have also determined, pursuant waiver of the application of section 504(c) to section 504(d)(1) of the 1974 Act (19 of the 1974 Act (19 U.S.C. 2464(c)) with U.S.C. 2464(d)(1)), that the limitation pro- respect to certain eligible articles, I have vided for in section 504(c)(1)(B) of the 1974 determined that it is appropriate to modify Act (19 U.S.C. 2464(c)(1)(B)) should not the application of duty-free treatment under apply with respect to certain eligible articles the Generalized System of Preferences because no like or directly competitive arti- (GSP) currently being afforded to certain cle was produced in the United States on articles and to certain beneficiary develop- January 3, 1985. Such articles are enumer- ing countries. ated in the list below of HTS subheadings. Specifically, pursuant to section 504(c)(3) These determinations shall be published of the 1974 Act (19 U.S.C. 2464(c)(3)), I in the Federal Register. have determined that it is appropriate to waive the application of section 504(c) of GEORGE BUSH the 1974 Act with respect to Harmonized Tariff Schedule of the United States (HTS) [Filed with the Office of the Federal Reg- subheading 2401.10.40 for Turkey. I have ister, 5:07 p.m., June 15, 1992] received the advice of the United States Note: This memorandum and its annex were International Trade Commission on wheth- published in the Federal Register on June er any industries in the United States are 17. The related proclamation is listed in Ap- likely to be adversely affected by such waiv- pendix E at the end of this volume.

Statement by Press Secretary Fitzwater on the Supreme Court Decision on the Alvarez-Machain Case June 15, 1992

With respect to the U.S. Supreme Court for international rules of law, including in decision today on the Alvarez-Machain case: particular the principles of respect for terri- The United States understands that inter- torial integrity and sovereign equality of national cooperation is required to address states. effectively the threat posed by international U.S. policy is to cooperate with foreign criminal activity, particularly international states in achieving law enforcement objec- terrorism and drug trafficking, to the world tives. Neither the arrest of Alvarez-Machain community. United States policy is to work nor the recent U.S. Supreme Court decision cooperatively with foreign governments to reflects any change in this policy. Reflecting combat that threat. this policy, the United States has informed The United States also understands the Mexico that following the arrest of Alvarez- importance to world peace and security of a system of international law. The United Machain, the United States has taken addi- States strongly believes in fostering respect

940 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / June 16 tional steps to ensure that U.S. law enforce- count foreign relations and international ment activities overseas fully take into ac- law.

Appointment of Shirley M. Green as Deputy Assistant to the President for Presidential Messages and Correspondence June 15, 1992

The President today announced the ap- ber of the George Bush for President cam- pointment of Shirley M. Green to be Dep- paign staff in 1979–80, as public affairs di- uty Assistant to the President for Presi- rector for the Texas Federation of Repub- dential Messages and Correspondence. lican Women from 1969 to 1973, on the Since February 1989, Mrs. Green has staff of Congressman Bob Price in 1967, been Special Assistant to the President for and on the headquarters staff of the Texas Presidential Messages and Correspondence. Republican Party from 1965 to 1967. She From 1987 to 1989, Mrs. Green was Dep- was a local campaign chairman for numer- uty Associate Administrator for Commu- ous Republican candidates in Texas, includ- nications for the National Aeronautics and ing President Gerald Ford in 1976 and Space Administration. Prior to this she was James A. Baker III in 1978. Director of Public Affairs for NASA. From 1981 to 1985, Mrs. Green held the position Mrs. Green received a bachelor of busi- of Deputy Press Secretary to Vice President ness administration degree from the Univer- George Bush. sity of Texas in 1956. She has two daughters Mrs. Green served previously as a mem- and resides in Washington, DC.

Nomination of Robert S. Silberman To Be an Assistant Secretary of the Army June 15, 1992

The President today announced his inten- New York, NY. He also served as a research tion to nominate Robert S. Silberman, of and marketing specialist and project man- Maryland, to be Assistant Secretary of the ager with the Henley Group-Signal Envi- Army for Manpower and Reserve Affairs. ronmental Systems, Inc., in Hampton, NH, He would succeed G. Kim Wincup. 1985–86. Since 1990, Mr. Silberman has served as Mr. Silberman graduated from Dart- Principal Deputy Assistant Secretary of De- mouth College (B.A., 1980), and Johns fense for Force Management and Person- Hopkins School of Advanced International nel. He served as Deputy Maritime Admin- Studies (M.A., 1990). He was born October istrator with the U.S. Maritime Administra- 30, 1957, in Boston, MA. He is married, tion at the Department of Transportation, has three children, and resides in Bethesda, 1988–90. From 1986 to 1987, he served as MD. senior project manager and special assistant to the president with the Ogden Corp. in

941 June 16 / Administration of George Bush, 1992

Remarks at the Arrival Ceremony for President Boris Yeltsin of Russia June 16, 1992

Mr. President and Mrs. Yeltsin, distin- to the people all over the world than an guished members of the Russian delegation, end to the awful specter of global war. And welcome to the United States of America. think for just a minute about what that Also, a welcome to all of you who have means not for presidents, not for heads of come here to welcome President Yeltsin state or historians but for parents and for and Mrs. Yeltsin. Welcome to the White their children. It means a future free from House. fear. Mr. President, today marks the beginning This first U.S.-Russia summit gives us a of a new era, a new kind of summit, not chance to lay the foundation of a more a meeting between two powers struggling peaceful and prosperous future for all of for global supremacy but between two part- our citizens. We’ll discuss Russia’s historic ners striving to build a democratic peace. transition to the free market, its integration From this summit we see a new horizon, into the world economy, and our commit- a new world of peace and hope, a new ment to support those reforms. We will seek world of cooperation and partnership be- new ways to expand trade between our two tween the American and Russian people. nations; to create wealth and growth and Our hope is that this partnership will end jobs; new levels of military cooperation to forever the old antagonisms that kept our reduce further the risk of war; and finally, people apart, that kept the world in con- new agreements to reduce nuclear arms and frontation and conflict. to remove from our arsenals the most de- Mr. President, your nation is embarked structive weapons. on a great experiment, a new Russian revo- But this morning I want to focus on our lution with freedom as its goal. The progress ultimate goal, on the challenge we face to that Russia has made and the promise of forge a new peace, a permanent peace be- more to come owes much to the courage tween two nations who must never again and vision of President Boris Yeltsin. Mr. be adversaries. Right now, the people of President, like Peter the Great, you are re- Russia are waging a valiant struggle for the defining Russia’s understanding of itself, re- very same rights and freedoms that we defining Russia’s role in the world. But for Americans prize so deeply. The fate of that the first time in modern Russian history, revolution, the future of democracy in Rus- a leader claims as his authority not the dis- sia and other new nations of the old Soviet pensation of history but a democratic man- empire is the most important foreign policy date. You come here as an elected leader, issue of our time. The United States and elected by the people in free and fair elec- its democratic allies must play a key role tions. And we salute you. in helping forge a democratic peace. Already, Mr. President, together we’re That is why I urge the Congress of the transforming our relations with benefits not United States once again to pass the simply to our two nations but to the entire ‘‘FREEDOM Support Act’’ to strengthen world. Today the threat of a cataclysmic democratic reform in Russia and the other conventional war has vanished with the new nations of the old Soviet Union. And Warsaw Pact and the rise of democracy in yes, the aid that I’ve requested from the Russia. Today the threat of a nuclear night- Congress is significant, but it is also a tiny mare is more distant now than at any time fraction of the $4 trillion that this Nation since the dawn of the nuclear age. spent to secure peace during the long cold Mr. President, I say this with a sense of war. The resources we devote now are an pride, a sense of awe, and above all, a sense investment in a new century of peace with of history. There is no greater gift to the Russia. people of America, to the people of Russia, History offers us a rare chance, a chance

942 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / June 16 to achieve what twice before this century ing in Russia. Your Russian revolution, like has escaped our grasp. It is the vision that our American Revolution, simply must suc- perished twice in the battlefields of Europe, ceed. the vision that gave us hope through the Once again, my friend, welcome to the long cold war, the dream of a new world White House. And may God grant a peace- of freedom. ful future to the American and the Russian Mr. President, when we think of the people. Welcome, sir. Glad you’re here. world our children and theirs will inherit, no single factor will shape their future more Note: The President spoke at 10:11 a.m. on than the fate of the revolution now unfold- the South Lawn at the White House.

Exchange With Reporters Prior to Discussions With President Boris Yeltsin of Russia June 16, 1992

POW–MIA’s that’s what President Yeltsin has clearly Q. Mr. President, do you think there are pledged to do. So we are grateful to him any POW’s in the Soviet Union, Americans? for that. This to President Bush first and then Q. Does it come as a complete surprise Yeltsin. to you, Mr. President? President Yeltsin. It is possible. President Bush. Yes, it comes as a—— Q. Are they alive? Q. You had no idea? President Yeltsin. An investigating com- President Bush. Thank you all very much. mission is working, led by Mr. Volkogonov. Q. Have you got an arms agreement yet? Many things have been revealed after the President Bush. Out of here, Helen examination of the archives of the KGB and [Helen Thomas, United Press Inter- the Central Committee of the Communist national]. Party. But that work is continuing both in [At this point, one group of reporters left the archives and in the places where the the room, and another group entered.] POW’s were. We shall try to investigate each individual case. And all the informa- Q. ——additional information on the tion will be, of course, handed over to the American POW’s. American side. The initial information has President Yeltsin. As I just answered that been handed over to the Senate. question. Q. Would you expect more information Q. We were behind the doors. this week? President Yeltsin. The commission headed President Bush. Let me just thank Presi- by Volkogonov was working and is continu- dent Yeltsin for this because this is a matter ing to work, and they’re opening up all the of grave concern to the American people. data. If they said this issue doesn’t exist, He has made these observations, pledged that there are no POW’s there now, there full cooperation and support. I think this are a lot of factors being opened up and really expresses as well as anything else this discovered. And it’s very possible that there new era that we were both talking about are a few of them still left alive, even on on the lawn. And I have every confidence our own territory perhaps. So the commis- that what he says here is true, that they sion is continuing its work, and we are going will get to the bottom of it. And if any single to carry this all the way to the very ground American is unaccounted for, they will go to find out the fate of every single last the extra mile to see that that person is American who might be on our territory. accounted for. And I think that’s what the Q. How much time will that require? American people need to know. I think What new ideas and projects were you talk-

943 June 16 / Administration of George Bush, 1992 ing about in your opening statement? and finalize this today. And I’m sure that President Yeltsin. That’s ahead. That’s for we will find a solution, and we shall sign our negotiations. a balanced, equal agreement. I’m sure of that. Nuclear Arms Agreement Q. Do you think you will be able to an- Q. Boris Nikolayevich, tell us please, and nounce a new arms control agreement by you, Mr. Bush, both agree that the program the end of the day? is very, very intense, a lot on the plate, 20 President Bush. As soon as you get out different issues. What are you going to be of here, we’re going to talk about it. concentrating your attention on with Mr. Thank you all. Bush? President Yeltsin. First of all, national security and deep cuts in nuclear arms. As Note: The exchange began at 10:35 a.m. in a matter of fact, up until now we have not the Oval Office. President Yeltsin spoke in yet finalized this issue, but we have met Russian, and his remarks were translated with the President and with our delegations, by an interpreter. A tape was not available of course, and the Secretaries of State and for verification of the content of this ex- the Minister of Foreign Affairs, to sit down change.

Remarks With President Boris Yeltsin of Russia Announcing Strategic Arms Reductions and an Exchange With Reporters June 16, 1992

President Bush. Mr. President. Let me Just a few years ago, the United States just say that I’m pleased to announce that was planning a strategic nuclear stockpile President Yeltsin and I have just reached of about 13,000 warheads. Now President an extraordinary agreement on two areas of Yeltsin and I have agreed that both sides vital importance to our countries and to the will go down to 3,000 to 3,500 warheads, world. with each nation determining its own force First, we have agreed on far-reaching new structure within that range. strategic arms reductions. Building on the I’d like to point out that this fundamental agreement reached with Russia, Ukraine, agreement, which in earlier years could not Kazakhstan, and Byelarus, our two countries have been completed even in a decade, has are now agreeing to even further dramatic been completed in only 5 months. Our abil- strategic arms reductions, substantially ity to reach this agreement so quickly is below the levels determined by START. We’ve agreed to eliminate the world’s most a tribute to the new relationship between dangerous weapons, heavy ICBM’s and all the United States and Russia and to the other multiple warhead ICBM’s, and dra- personal leadership of our guest, Boris matically reduce our total strategic nuclear Yeltsin. weapons. In the near future, the United States and Those dramatic reductions will take place Russia will record our agreement in a brief in two phases. They will be completed no treaty document that President Yeltsin and later than the year 2003 and may be com- I will sign and submit for ratification in our pleted as early as the year 2000 if the countries. President Yeltsin and I have also United States can assist Russia in the re- agreed to work together, along with the al- quired destruction of ballistic missile sys- lies and other interested states, to develop tems. With this agreement the nuclear a concept for global protection systems nightmare recedes more and more for our- against limited ballistic missile attack. selves, for our children, and for our grand- We will establish a senior group to ex- children. plore practical steps towards that end, in-

944 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / June 16 cluding the sharing of early warning and co- fully measured balance of security. We were operation in developing ballistic missile de- not going in for numbers, for just 1,000, fense capabilities and technologies. This 2,000, 3,000 pieces. Rather, we have estab- group will also explore the development of lished a bracket for each country to elect a legal basis for cooperation, including new the number they figure that it will consider treaties and agreements and possible appropriate for its own defense and secu- changes to existing treaties and agreements rity. necessary to implement the global protec- As I have told you, the total number will tion system. That group, headed by Dennis go down from 21,000 to 6,000 for two sides. Ross for the United States, will first meet Under the first phase, the reductions for in Moscow within the next 30 days. the two sides will be down to 3,800 to 4,250 In conclusion, these are remarkable steps bracket; including ICBM’s, 1,250; and heavy for our two countries, a departure from the missiles, 650; SLBM’s, 2,250. Under the tensions and the suspicions of the past and second phase, we shall go down to respec- a tangible, important expression of our new tively 3,000 and 3,500, including total re- relationship. They also hold major promise duction and destruction of heavy missiles. for a future world protected against the Land-based MIRV’s will be reduced as well. danger of limited ballistic missile attack. SLBM’s will go down to 1,750. Mr. President, all yours. Each country will elect the figure that it President Yeltsin. Mr. President, ladies will consider appropriate to ensure its de- and gentlemen. I would like to add a few fense and security. Thus, we are departing words to what President Bush has just an- from the ominous parity where each country nounced here. What we have achieved is was exerting every effort to stay in line, an unparalleled and probably an unexpected which has led Russia, for instance, having thing for you and for the whole world. You half of its population living below the pov- are the first to hear about this historic deci- erty line. We cannot afford it, and therefore, sion, which has been reached today after we must have minimum security level to just 5 months of negotiations. We are, in deal with any possible eventuality which fact, meeting a sharp, dramatic reduction might arise anywhere in the world and in the total number for the two sides of threaten our security. the amount of nuclear warheads from But we know one thing: We shall not fight 21,000 to 6,000 to 7,000 for the United against each other. This is a solemn under- States of America and Russia. taking that we are taking today, and it will Indeed, we have been able to cut, over be reflected as a matter of partnership and those 5 months of negotiations, the total friendship in the charter that we are going number of nuclear warheads to one-third, to sign. Our proposal is to cut the process while it took 15 years under the START of destruction from the proposed 13 years Treaty to make some reductions. This is an down to 9 years. So the things that I have expression of the fundamental change in the been mentioning before will be materialized political and economic relations between by the year 2000. the United States of America and Russia. I am happy to be involved here in this It is also an expression and proof of the historic occasion, and I will also hope that personal trust and confidence that has been I will be as happy when this thing is mate- established between the Presidents of these rialized, and President Bush and I will be countries, President Bush of the United celebrating together the implementation of States of America and the President of Rus- that agreement in the year 2000. I thank sia. you. These things have been achieved without I want to add that these figures have been deception, without anybody wishing to gain agreed with and ratified by the Secretary unilateral advantages. This is a result of the for Defense, Mr. Cheney, and the Defense trust entertained by the President of the Minister, Pavel Grachev, of the Russian democratic Russia towards America and by Federation. I thank you. the President of the United States towards President Bush. I would only add to that the new Russia. This is the result of a care- my gratitude to the Secretary of State; to

945 June 16 / Administration of George Bush, 1992

Mr. Kozyrev, his counterpart; and also to for every American: the fate of American General Scowcroft and others that have POW’s and MIA’s from World War II, worked on this and accomplished all this Korea, the cold war period, and Vietnam. in record time. President Yeltsin informed me for the We are going to have a press conference first time that Russia may have information tomorrow and so maybe we’ll just take one about the fate of some of our servicemen each here. from Vietnam. He said the Russian Govern- Q. Mr. President, just a few days ago, ment is pursuing this information vigor- President Yeltsin was complaining you were ously, just as we speak. And with us today trying to take advantage of him. How do are President Yeltsin’s adviser, Dmitri you—— Volkogonov over here, Dmitri, and our able President Bush. I can’t hear, there’s too former Ambassador to the U.S.S.R., Ambas- many questions. sador Malcolm Toon. Now, they are the co- Q. Vietnam POW’s—— chairs of the joint U.S.-Russian Commission President Bush. Right here. I’m going to on POW–MIA’s. They’ve met during the have a little statement on that in just a last few months along with the Members minute. of the United States Congress who are also Q. Would you explain to people who part of this bipartisan U.S. delegation to un- might not understand why friends who trust earth information on American POW’s and each other and do not plan to attack would MIA’s from 1945 on, and Russian POW’s still need 7,000 nuclear warheads? and MIA’s from the Afghan war. President Bush. What I am saying we’ve moved dramatically down from 13,000. This President Yeltsin and I have instructed will be seen as an enormous move forward both of these gentlemen to begin imme- towards the relaxation of tension and to- diately a joint U.S.-Russian pursuit of the wards the friendship that we feel for each latest information that was given to me other; the elimination of the most destabiliz- today. I have asked Ambassador Toon to ing of weapons is extraordinarily positive. return immediately to Moscow to work on The fact that each country, at this juncture this issue. And I want to assure all Ameri- in history, retains some nuclear weapons cans and particularly those families of the speaks for itself. Who knows what lies out American POW’s and MIA’s that we will there ahead? But certainly I agree with spare no effort in working with our Russian what President Yeltsin said, that there is no colleagues to investigate all information in animosity. The cold war days are over. He the Russian archives concerning our service- came here in a spirit of forward movement men. While we do not have any specific on these arms control agreements, and that information to make public today, I pledge speaks for itself. to keep the American people informed of President Yeltsin. I would like to amplify developments on this issue and as we find on that. I would say that in response to out more about these latest leads. your question, that the technical and finan- Let me just point out that the forthcom- cial resources that are required in order to ing comments by President Yeltsin is just destroy, dismantle, and reduce the total one more sign of this improved new rela- number of warheads and missiles from tionship between Russia and the United 21,000 to 6,000, 7,000 is enormous. This States of America. For him to go back and is the only thing that conditions this figure. dig into these records without fear of em- barrassment is an enormous consequence to POW–MIA’s the people of the United States of America. President Bush. With your permission, And I salute him for this. He has told me Mr. President, I would like to take the last that he will go the last mile to find whatever question which relates to the POW–MIA it is exists about our possibility of American discussions that we have had. POW’s and MIA’s and to clear this record President Yeltsin and I discussed this once and for all. And in so many other fields morning that issue that is of the highest this demonstrates his leadership and priority for our administration and, I know, the period of change that we are salut-

946 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / June 16 ing and I saluted here today on the South I have no evidence of that, but the coopera- Lawn of the White House. tion that has been extended and again is So we’re very grateful to you, Mr. Presi- being extended by the President of Russia dent. will guarantee to the American people that Q. Did he say that they’re still alive? if anyone’s alive, that person, those people Q. ——Americans are alive, Mr. Presi- would be found. Equally as important to dent? Do you think—— the loved ones is the accounting for any President Yeltsin. I will only add a couple possible MIA. And so we have no evidence of words, Mr. President. Our commission, of anyone being alive, but I would simply headed and chaired by Dmitri Volkogonov, say again that this is the best way to get has been meeting for several months now, to the bottom of it. This new approach by and it has already met with some success. the President of Russia to go into these ar- I can promise that the joint commission, chives and to try to find missing records which will be established following this will be the best assurance that I can give press conference, will be working hard and the American people that the truth will be will report to the American public all the revealed finally. information that will be found in the ar- Q. It there a danger of raising false hopes chives that we are going to open for it, in- here, Mr. President? cluding the archives in the KGB, in the President Bush. You’ve got to be careful Central Committee of the Communist Party of that, yes. regarding the fate of American POW’s and MIA’s. Note: President Bush spoke at 2:47 p.m. in Q. Mr. Bush, do you agree it’s possible the Rose Garden at the White House. Presi- some of those Americans may still be alive? dent Yeltsin spoke in Russian, and his re- President Bush. I would simply say that marks were translated by an interpreter.

Message to the Senate Returning Without Approval Legislation Amending the Mississippi Sioux Indian Judgment Fund Act June 16, 1992

To the Senate of the United States: The nonmember Indians are persons who I am returning herewith without my ap- are not now eligible for membership in any proval S. 2342. This bill would waive the of the three Tribes, but who can trace their 6-year statute of limitations, allowing three lineal ancestry to someone who was once Sioux Indian tribes—the Sisseton-Wahpeton a tribal member. Sioux Tribe, the Devils Lake Sioux Tribe, The Tribes were active participants in the and the Sisseton-Wahpeton Council of the administrative and legislative process lead- Assiniboine and Sioux Tribes of the Fort ing to the 1972 Act, and they endorsed the Peck Indian Reservation—to bring an other- Act and its distribution of the judgment. wise time-barred challenge to the 1972 Mis- Nonetheless, in 1987, 15 years after enact- sissippi Sioux Indian Judgment Fund Act. ment and 9 years after the statute of limita- The 1972 Act apportioned to each of the tions had run, the Tribes sued the United three Tribes, and to a then-undetermined States, challenging the Act’s distribution to class of Sioux Indians who are not members the nonmembers. The U.S. Court of Ap- of those Tribes, a percentage share of the peals for the Ninth Circuit affirmed a lower proceeds from a 1967 judgment against the court’s decision to dismiss the case, finding United States. The judgment rested on a no excuse—legal, equitable, or otherwise— finding that the United States had not paid for the Tribes’ failure to challenge the 1972 adequate compensation to the Tribes in the Act in a timely fashion, and the U.S. Su- 1860’s for lands ceded to the United States. preme Court declined to review the Ninth

947 June 16 / Administration of George Bush, 1992

Circuit’s decision. Sisseton-Wahpeton Sioux settlement fund distributions, and many dis- Tribe, et al. v. United States, 895 F.2d 588 tributions, like the one challenged by the (9th Cir. 1990), cert. denied, ◊◊◊◊◊ Tribes here, included payments to non- U.S. ◊◊◊◊◊ 11 S. Ct. 75 (1990). member Indians. Some of those tribes I find no extraordinary circumstances or doubtless are dissatisfied with the terms of equities to justify an exception to the long- their distribution, but they are barred from standing policy of the executive branch, a challenge by the statute of limitations. Nu- which my Administration fully embraces, merous other Indian claims, totaling hun- against ad hoc statute of limitations waivers dreds of millions of dollars, have been dis- and similar special relief bills. Also, there missed on statute of limitations or other ju- must be some definite, limited time during risdictional grounds. In both categories of which the Government must be prepared cases, tribes could rightfully claim that for to defend itself, and some finality to the purposes of fair treatment, they, too, should pronouncements of the courts, the Con- be allowed by the Congress to litigate the gress, and the agencies. merits of their claims. Moreover, a waiver for the Tribes in this I note that S. 2342 received little, if any, case would mean the waste of the consider- consideration by the House of Representa- able judicial and litigation resources that tives prior to its passage by that body. In- were expended in bringing the case to final stead, the bill was discharged from commit- resolution, and would require additional liti- tee without hearings and brought imme- gation that would otherwise be avoided. diately to the House floor. Had there been Thus, enactment of this bill would be incon- a full review of this proposal, I am confident sistent with Executive Order No. 12778 of that the outcome would have been dif- October 23, 1991, which embodies my re- ferent. solve to eliminate unnecessary, wasteful liti- For these reasons, I cannot approve S. gation. 2342. In addition, I am concerned that enactment of this bill would be unfair to other GEORGE BUSH tribes, and would serve as a highly undesir- able and potentially expensive precedent. The White House, Many other tribes were the recipients of June 16, 1992.

Message to the Congress Transmitting a Report on Federal Energy Activities June 16, 1992

To the Congress of the United States: ciency standards for new commercial and I transmit herewith the annual report de- multifamily high-rise buildings and for new scribing the activities of the Federal Gov- residential buildings. ernment for fiscal year 1991 required by GEORGE BUSH subtitle H, title V of the Energy Security Act (Public Law 96–264; 42 U.S.C. 8286, The White House, et seq.). These activities include the devel- June 16, 1992. opment of energy conservation and effi-

948 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / June 16

Memorandum on the Combined Federal Campaign June 16, 1992

Memorandum for the Heads of Executive Area. I ask that you support Administrator Departments and Agencies Saiki and Secretary Alexander by personally The Combined Federal Campaign is an chairing the campaign in your agency and avenue through which thousands of Federal appointing a top official as your vice chair- employees voluntarily express their concern man. Your commitment and visible support will for others. help to guarantee a successful campaign this I am delighted to inform you that Sec- year. Together, we must do everything we retary of Education Lamar Alexander and can to encourage Federal employees every- Administrator of the Small Business Admin- where to do their part in support of the istration Patricia F. Saiki have agreed to 1992 Combined Federal Campaign. serve as co-chairs of the 1992 Combined Federal Campaign of the National Capital GEORGE BUSH

Nomination of Charles B. Salmon, Jr., To Be United States Ambassador to Laos June 16, 1992

The President today announced his inten- Thailand and Burma Affairs, 1985–86. Mr. tion to nominate Charles B. Salmon, Jr., of Salmon served as Deputy Chief of Mission New York, a career member of the Senior at the American Embassy in Rangoon, Foreign Service, class of Minister-Coun- Burma, 1983–85, and as Deputy Chief of selor, to be Ambassador of the United Mission at the American Embassy in Wel- States to the Lao People’s Democratic Re- lington, New Zealand, 1980–83. public. Mr. Salmon graduated from Fordham Since 1989, Mr. Salmon has served as University (A.B., 1959); Columbia Univer- ´ Charge d’Affaires to the Lao People’s sity (M.A., 1960); and the National War Democratic Republic in Vientiane, Laos. He College (1978). He was born January 3, has served at the Department of State as 1938, in New York and presently resides Director of the Office of Philippine Affairs, in Vientiane, Laos. 1986–89, and as Director of the Office of

Nomination of Nicolas Miklos Salgo To Be United States Ambassador to Sweden June 16, 1992

The President today announced his inten- projects involving the Communist bloc at the tion to nominate Nicolas Miklos Salgo, of Department of State. From 1983 to 1986, Florida, to be Ambassador of the United he served as U.S. Ambassador to Hungary. States to Sweden. He would succeed Ambassador Salgo founded the Watergate Charles Edgar Redman. Improvement Associates in Washington, DC, Currently Ambassador Salgo serves as 1960–77, and served as chairman of Ambassador on special bilateral property the Watergate Companies, 1977–83. He

949 June 16 / Administration of George Bush, 1992 also served as vice chairman and chairman University of Budapest (LL.D. and Ph.D., of Bangor Punta Corp. in Greenwich, CT, 1937). He was born August 17, 1914, in 1960–74, and founder and owner of Nicolas Budapest, Hungary. Ambassador Salgo is Salgo and Co. in New York, 1959–83. married, has two children, and resides in Ambassador Salgo graduated from the Washington, DC.

Nomination of Irvin Hicks To Be Deputy Representative of the United States to the Security Council of the United Nations June 16, 1992

The President today announced his inten- Deputy Assistant Secretary for Personnel tion to nominate Irvin Hicks, of Maryland, from 1987 to 1989. From 1985 to 1987, a career member of the Senior Foreign he served as American Ambassador to the Service, class of Minister-Counselor, to be Republic of Seychelles. Ambassador Hicks Deputy Representative of the United States has also served as Deputy Executive Direc- of America to the Security Council in the tor of the Bureau of African Affairs at the United Nations, with the rank of Ambas- State Department, 1983–85; student at the sador. He would succeed George Edward U.S. Army War College in Carlisle, PA Moose. 1982–83; Charge´ d’Affaires at the American From 1989 to 1991, Ambassador Hicks Embassy in Lome, 1981–82; and Deputy served as Deputy Assistant Secretary for Af- Chief of Mission at the American Embassy rican Affairs at the Department of State; in Lome, 1980–81. his most recent assignment was Area Ad- Ambassador Hicks was born March 16, viser for the 46th Session of the United Na- 1938, in Baltimore, MD. He presently re- tions General Assembly. He also served as sides in Camp Springs, MD.

Remarks at the State Dinner for President Boris Yeltsin of Russia June 16, 1992

Ladies and gentlemen, welcome to the been possible without that private time we White House. Mr. President and Mrs. spent together and then without the hard Yeltsin, and distinguished guests all, Barbara work of our Secretary and your Foreign and I are delighted to welcome you here Minister, our Secretary of Defense, your tonight on a day that I think history will Defense Minister, our Ambassador, your record as something very, very special. I am Ambassador. As I said this morning as I very pleased with the arrangements that we welcomed you to the White House, this were able to work out with President Yeltsin meeting marks a new kind of summit, not today. I think it’s good for mankind. I think a meeting between two powers that are it’s good for the generations here and the struggling for global supremacy but between generations to come. So you’re here on an two partners striving to build a democratic historic occasion, and we couldn’t be more peace. pleased. This new relationship has its roots in the Mr. President, tonight’s dinner is a little new Russian revolution, and that revolution bit more formal than the blue jeans and owes so much to our guest here tonight. sweaters that we wore back up there at Just as crises show the mettle of a man, Camp David in February, but I believe the so too they show the strength of an idea. progress we made today would not have When, back in August of 1991, the old

950 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / June 17 guard threatened to take Russia backward, stronger ties for the sake of peace and pros- Boris Yeltsin led the defense of democracy perity. We in this country must reach out, from the building the Russians call the provide the assistance that can help Russia’s White House. The coup plotters set out to democratic revolution succeed. destroy democracy, and instead, thanks to But the bonds that knit democracies to- the courage of this man, they made it gether can never be created by government stronger. alone. Democracies grow together through Mr. President, you’ve been described the countless encounters that take place many times as a maverick, a word coined every day between private individuals—pro- in the American heartland to capture the fessionals, business and labor, artists and independent streak that sets some individ- educators—in your country and ours. Gone uals apart from the crowd. Well, I think are the days when vast parts of our coun- our fellow Texans Jim Baker and Bob tries were off-limits to foreign visitors. Strauss would agree you possess a certain Under our new open lands agreement, for spirit that you find on the plains of the the first time Russian and American offi- West. And tonight we honor your courage cials, and more important, Russian and and celebrate the new possibilities now American citizens, will be free to travel any- open to us. where in each other’s country to witness the Think back to the cold war climate that customs and heritage that set us apart and marked earlier summits and how far we’ve the common humanity that draws us to- come. How much safer, how much more gether. hopeful to meet tonight as friends united So tonight, Mr. President, I offer this by common ideals. More than 150 years ago toast in the spirit of friendship to the new de Tocqueville predicted that the United partnership between our people, to the suc- States and Russia would one day be the cess of the new Russian revolution, and to world’s two great powers, rivals for world the health and happiness of Boris Yeltsin, dominance. We must prove that prophecy the President of Russia. was only true for a time and that our two nations can forge a new future in freedom. Note: The President spoke at 8:20 p.m. in Our governments will work to build the State Dining Room at the White House.

Remarks at the United States-Russia Business Summit June 17, 1992

Thank you all very much. Mr. President. Let me, before we hear from our special Thank you, Barbara. Please be seated. Let guest, President Yeltsin, let me just make me just say what a joy it is to be here with a few comments on the business side of Secretary Franklin, who’s really taken off things. The U.S.-Russian Business Con- and doing a superb job for us at Commerce, ference is important work. I will follow up and then, of course, giving me this oppor- in every way I can with the United States tunity in front of all our business leaders Congress to get them to pass the ‘‘FREE- to salute President Yeltsin. DOM Support Act.’’ Let me be very clear Yesterday was indeed an historic day, and to the American people: We are not sup- I was proud to be at his side as we carved porting the ‘‘FREEDOM Support Act’’ sim- out a whole new approach to arms reduc- ply because it benefits Russia. It is my view tion; something big, something important, that the ‘‘FREEDOM Support Act’’ will something that’s going to benefit not only benefit the United States of America and present generations but generations to will benefit world peace and will benefit de- come. And so you are most welcome here, mocracy and freedom. sir. So I ask the support of everyone in this

951 June 17 / Administration of George Bush, 1992 room, after yesterday’s historic accomplish- what he told me then and from what our ments, to join me in working that Hill up business-oriented and able Ambassador, there, Congress, get them to go along and Bob Strauss, has been telling me all along, support the ‘‘FREEDOM Support Act.’’ he understands this. He understands their President Yeltsin will be talking about this, need for change. He understands the fact I’m sure, when he makes an historic address that they’ve got to do some streamlining to the United States Congress, but I just themselves. wanted everyone here to know how commit- But what we want him to know while he’s ted we are. And yes, it’s a tough political here is that we are interested in moving time and all of that, but it is in the interest forward vigorously with private-sector par- of the United States of America to pass this ticipation to help not only Russia but cer- act, and I need your help. tainly to help ourselves. That’s the approach Later today we’re going to conclude that I’ll be taking as we encourage invest- major treaties and agreements related to ment and as we encourage change in Russia this new foundation between us: trade, bi- to accommodate the needs of the business lateral investment and tax treaties, as well community. American businesses, by invest- as the OPIC and Ex-Im agreements. Also ing in trading with Russia, are going to cre- effective today the United States will prop- ate thousands of jobs here at home, and erly extend most-favored-nation status to I think that’s a point we ought to keep in Russia. mind. But my message to this conference is sim- With the OPIC in agreement, now in ef- ple: Neither Government programs nor fect, Fred Zeder is going to be leading a multilateral assistance is going to get this group of 26 business representatives to job done. Neither of those can do it. Private Moscow and other Russian cities on one- sector participation in the economies of on-one business meetings and site visits to Russia and the other states, especially in- develop private sector deals. This is just the volvement by American business, is critical beginning of what surely will become one to the success of Russia’s bold venture into of the largest two-way trading relationships free markets. And that participation must in the entire world. be on a vast scale, measured in billions of In ’91, exports of American manufactured dollars, for the challenge to be met. goods to Russia and other states have grown To that end, I’m pleased to announce that by almost 40 percent. We all know that the OPIC, headed by Fred Zeder, who’s so totals are not that large yet, but that’s an well-known to everybody here, OPIC is enormous jump in just the one year. For going to have an agreement between the the first time, Russia is participating in the U.S. and Russia, and that one enters into community of free market international or- force today. This agreement’s going to per- ganizations. You know what they are: IMF mit OPIC to provide investment insurance and the World Bank and, at some point, to American private investors. It’s also going the GATT. This would have been unthink- to provide additional financing and investor able just a few years ago. We will invite services for joint ventures in other products Russia and the other states to join with in the Federation. With OPIC and Ex-Im, COCOM members in this new, informal, everyone wins. Russia can tap into the inge- cooperative forum to provide significantly nuity of American business in our capital wider access to the high technology goods goods, our know-how, and our technology, that previously were banned, previously de- which are indeed the best in the entire nied. world. In my view that help will enable Rus- So, as I said, the historic transformation sia to develop its food and health sectors, of the Russian economy is one of the great recover its energy resources, privatize state challenges of our time. The hundreds of bil- industries, and convert military plants to ci- lions of dollars in capital and technologies vilian production. that Russia will need will come, in large Now Boris Yeltsin, President Boris measure, not from governments but from Yeltsin, talked to us in great detail about private businesses. And as we all know, nei- this yesterday. I can just assure you from ther command economies nor any other

952 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / June 17 government can produce wealth. Wealth is came in with that great show of courage produced by the initiative and the energy that just excited every single American, of individual entrepreneurs. standing on top of that tank standing up So, let me conclude, but just signal once for democracy and freedom, standing again the importance of business invest- against totalitarianism. The big thing—I will ment, business participation. I will do my just stay standing because he’s coming on level-best to make that climate, that busi- in a minute—but the big thing is, Mr. Presi- ness climate, good for investment abroad dent, we are going to support you. You’ve and to do what we can to facilitate the shown the way towards democracy and free- changes that are needed here to guarantee dom in Russia, and it’s in the interest of the utmost cooperation with the private sec- the United States of America to follow tor here, with the cooperation with the pri- through. And we will. Thank you, sir. vate sector there. I would be remiss if I didn’t tell you of Note: The President spoke at 9:12 a.m. at my high regard for President Yeltsin. He the J.W. Marriott Hotel.

The President’s News Conference With President Boris Yeltsin of Russia June 17, 1992

President Bush. Well, Mr. President and ‘‘FREEDOM Support Act,’’ so that the distinguished members of the Russian dele- American support reaches Russia when it gation and distinguished guests, all. This has is needed most, right now. been an historic summit meeting. It brings During the past 2 days the United States us to the threshold of a new world, a world and Russia have defined a new military and of hope and opportunity. The collapse of security relationship. It is a new era. Presi- the U.S.S.R. and the emergence of a demo- dent Yeltsin and I have just signed a state- cratic Russia provides us with the greatest ment that will lead to the greatest arms re- opportunity in our lifetime to win the per- ductions of the nuclear age, reductions far manent democratic peace that has eluded deeper than we could have hoped for even us through two world wars and the long 6 months ago. cold war that followed. At this summit we’ve also opened a new President Yeltsin, as a result of this first- chapter in our economic relationship. The ever U.S.-Russia summit we’ve indeed economic agreements that we have signed formed a truly new relationship, one of today will pave the way for trade and invest- peace, friendship, trust, and growing partnership. I am confident that this new rela- ment in Russia, as will most-favored-nation tionship and our historic agreements at this status which takes effect today. We hope summit will lead to a safer, more stable, very much that Russia and the International and peaceful world into the next century. Monetary Fund can reach a standby agree- Let me just say to the American people: ment soon in order to unlock the G–7’s eco- Our support for Russia is unshakable be- nomic support package. cause it is in our interest. Success for Rus- And finally, President Yeltsin and I signed sian democracy will enhance the security of the Washington Charter, which states for- every American. Think for just a minute mally our mutual commitment to a peaceful about what that means, not for Presidents, future together as democratic partners. This nor for heads of state or historians, but for document, along with the many agreements parents and their children. It means a fu- we signed from open lands to Peace Corps, ture free from fear. And that is why I call will help to put behind us for good the sad upon the Congress to act quickly on the and too often tragic legacy of the cold war.

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President Yeltsin’s commitment to me to to join in this. We are looking for solving uncover all facts pertaining to American mutual problems based on mutual trust, in- POW’s and MIA’s is yet another symbol of cluding the personal trust between the two our changed relationship. His commitment Presidents of Russia and the United States. to also investigate the KAL 007 tragedy in We feel that it is on this basis primarily which 61 Americans lost their lives nearly that we can get the best results. 9 years ago speaks to our mutual willingness Among the Russian-American relations, to face some of the unpleasant truths of there are two things that are most important the past together. to my mind: strategic arms limitations and During these 2 days we embarked on a economic cooperation. The state of strategic new partnership. It is now within our power to alter forever our relationship so that it arms has now been decided. Once the cold becomes the greatest force for peace, a war was over, they turned out to be obsolete democratic peace, that the world has ever and unnecessary to mankind. And it is now known. simply a matter of calculating the best way Let that be our vision for the future. And and the best time schedule for destroying today, Mr. President, I pledge to you to them and getting rid of them. Another im- make my commitment to make that vision portant point is to defend the world from I’ve outlined a reality. an accidental use of such arms in the world, Once again, thank you, sir. and we have laid the basis for that, also. President Yeltsin. Honorable Mr. Presi- Another very important area in our rela- dent, ladies and gentlemen. The time has tionship is designing a good basis for fruitful come when we can now take stock of the economic cooperation and establishing all short but fruitful period in our relationship kinds of contacts in this economic sphere. when new principles of the cooperation be- We have concluded very important agree- tween the United States and Russia have ments that have removed obstacles in this been made. way and to make it more attractive for busi- I value this as a very important period. nessmen to join in this effort, and this is We now have a basis for interaction. We very important for our country at this time. now have something that we can fill with substantive content. I doubt if today’s docu- After 70 years of travesty as far as personal ments could have been signed if we had property was concerned, now private prop- not been looking for points of contact and erty is becoming ever more important and mutual interest that we have been looking will become even more so in times to come. for, for years. In conclusion, I would like to draw your But it was very important, also, to cast attention to the following. Less than any- away negative traditions, the profound dis- thing else do we need to delude ourselves gust to each other which was masked by by what we have accomplished. We would charming manners and politeness. We have like to strive to the maximum that we would now begun in a very good tempo, and the like to see happen. And if we look at our documents that we have signed today are dialog in this light, then there is only one not designed to define what has already conclusion. We have to intensely work and been established in context but to find new forge ahead, both in the United States and ways to go forward. And the treaties and in Russia. For those who come after us, agreements that we have signed today do we have to leave a good heritage, and this not just pertain to the two countries of ours. is important for the peoples of both of our They are a sketch for a future world. They countries. I thank you, Mr. President, for are characteristic of the kind of features that creating wonderful conditions for our work, we want to see in this world. This world and I congratulate you for the wonderful is becoming more attractive, more humane, result of this work. kinder than we see today. We are not trying to think of some global President Bush. We’ll take a few ques- problems of restructuring the world. We do tions. Helen [Helen Thomas, United Press not want to force or coerce all the nations International].

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POW–MIA’s But several hours before that, one car from Q. President Yeltsin, in terms of the each place had time to remove some of the POW’s and the MIA’s, do you think that archives from those two buildings and de- Mikhail Gorbachev or any of his prede- stroy them. We do not know what was in cessors, even going back to Stalin, Khru- those archives. shchev, Brezhnev, knew about the possibil- Now we are trying to check all of those ity that Americans were being held? And archives, do a comprehensive check of all why are you going to see Governor Clinton? of them, and we stumbled upon one docu- Are you trying to touch all bases before No- ment which we feel might be the beginning vember? of a chain that might help us to unravel President Yeltsin. Well, that’s just the the entire tragedy with the Korean Boeing. point; they did know. That’s the very point, It was a memorandum from KGB to the that they kept it a secret. The point is that Central Committee of the Communist Party that era, when we kept the truth from each where it says that such a tragedy had taken other, has come to an end, and we will now place, and so on and so forth and that there tell the truth to each other, person to per- are documents which would clarify the en- son, and will never do a double-play. tire picture. The next line then says these documents are so well concealed that it is Meeting With Governor Clinton doubtful that our children will be able to Q. How about the Governor Clinton— find them, those who come after us will Clinton? be able to find them. So this is our task. President Yeltsin. Tomorrow morning I’m So then we began to check all the archives going to see Governor Clinton, and we will of the KGB, and this is our challenge; we’re meet. And as for the future, Russia will re- trying to find those documents that were spect the wishes of the American people. referred to. I still cherish the hope that we’ll be able to find those documents, and if we Korean Airliner Attack and POW–MIA’s do so we will immediately make them pub- Q. My name is Sonya, and I’m from the lic. I will be the first to call President Bush newspaper Izvestia. And Mr. Yeltsin, you personally and tell him about it. And I will have said that you would like to make public call you, too. [Laughter] the facts connected with the Korean air- President Bush. The gentleman asked me liner. Our newspaper has already been to follow on, and I would simply say, one, doing this investigation for a number of we have great respect for this approach. It years, and we have already found out a lot will be most reassuring to the American of things. Now we would like to know just people, not only as it relates to the airline, exactly who was responsible for what hap- but also to the question that President pened, and what do you think we can ex- Yeltsin handled so well before the Congress, pect? the question of the POW’s and MIA’s. So Q. Mr. President, you referred—your I can’t add anything to that except to say presentation of your remarks to the KAL that we will pledge to him our full coopera- 007 shootdown, and you referred to the tion in terms of any inquiry or what we place by President Yeltsin that some facts might have that they don’t know at this would be revealed. And I wondered to time. It is essential for the families that we which extent you think the American ad- get to the bottom of this, and it’s essential ministration would be helpful in that regard to strengthening further this very strong reas well. Is there anything you could say to lationship. So that’s all I could add. us about the tragedy? Yes, Terry [Terence Hunt, Associated President Yeltsin. I will answer. You know Press]. that on the 20th of August at about 1800 hours of last year when it was clear that Arms Agreements the coup leaders had lost, we seized the Q. Mr. President, a two-part question: archives of the KGB and the former Central President Yeltsin today pledged to deactivate Committee of the Communist Party. We the heavy SS–18 missiles that he said are tar- placed armed guards around the buildings. geted on the United States. Is there a

955 June 17 / Administration of George Bush, 1992 reciprocal move that the United States will Russia, for progress in realizing reforms. make? And the second question is, you Not to support them would be a crime to- mentioned that these arms reductions are wards one’s own people. And I am certain going to be the deepest of the nuclear age. that the Supreme Soviet will support what Does this mean that the peace dividend will we signed. be even bigger than what was expected, and that will be more money for American cities POW–MIA’s and domestic problems? President Bush. Well, let me say that we Q. President Yeltsin, there is still some will live up to the agreement we entered confusion here in Washington over raising into. I’m not prepared to say what we will the issue of POW’s and MIA’s. Is there ac- do in regards to the question of defusing tual information that you have unearthed or targeting, but we will live up to the letter in these archives? It’s a very sensitive issue of the agreement that we have discussed. in the United States, and people are asking What was the second part? whether there’s actual evidence that there is some kind of chain or trail, as you termed Federal Budget it with the Korean incident, that gets peo- Q. It was peace dividend. Will the peace ple’s hopes up that some of this information dividend be bigger? will come home. President Bush. Well, a dividend is de- President Yeltsin. I’m sorry, I’m not sure clared when you make a profit, and our I understood the question. Are you talking Government is operating at an enormous, about the Korean airliner or the POW’s? enormous deficit. And therefore, those who What we have on the POW’s, I have writ- say take the money from this agreement and ten everything to and given it to the Senate, spend it on some Federal project have to what we know today. But we have made understand that the American people want a step forward even yesterday. President to get something done about this deficit and Bush has made the decision to create his want to get something done so that we can own part of a commission, and it will be get this economy growing. So I would not a joint commission then, and it will have pledge that any savings that might accrue cochairmen. On our part it will be General to us because of this far-reaching agreement Volkogonov. He is the historian, and he is would go to some Federal spending project. a very honest man. He has conducted this On the other hand, I’m determined to work for many years. From the American help the cities. We’ve got some good pro- side the cochairman will be the former Am- posals up there and for the Congress, and bassador to the Soviet Union, Mr. Toon. I believe they’re working on them, and I I think that when they join their efforts I hope that they’ll pass them. think they will be able to move forward a We’re alternating between the visiting lot faster in order to really clarify the entire journalists and those familiar faces here at picture. home. Russia-U.S. Agreements Global Defense System Q. Thank you, Mr. President. Mr. Yeltsin, Q. I am from the newspaper the Red the reaction to your statement in Congress Star. As we understood, you want to create was overwhelming. What do you think the a global defense system. What are the pros- reaction of the Russian Parliament would pects or how do you intend to move forward be to the documents and the agreements with this system? that have been signed here today? President Bush. Well, we’ve signed a President Yeltsin. Yes, I believe that the broad, I would say, beginning agreement on Russian Parliament reflects, or should re- that. I think President Yeltsin has touched flect, the opinion of the Russian people. on that in his public speeches, but I’d be The documents, the charters, the treaties glad to implement it. We want to guard that have been signed are promising. It is against nuclear proliferation, reckless use of a promising step for improving the life of weapons of mass destruction. For a long

956 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / June 17 time we’ve been doing research in this area, of. We will go forward working coopera- and it seems to us that this is a good area tively with Russia. I hope it’s been disposed for cooperation with Russia. And so we’ve of. just begun on this from this agreement that I believe that the speech that he gave we’ve entered into here today. today, not just in this category but in all But it will develop, and there’s good categories, helped assure the passage of the science, good technology on both sides. And ‘‘FREEDOM Support Act.’’ It is essential we’re determined to work together on this that we move forward and pass that. I know global defense area. there’s a lot of questions that will be asked Yes, John [John Cochran, NBC News]. up there, but it is in our interest. I know it’s in the interest of both Russia and the POW–MIA’s and Assistance for Russia United States, and we must not miss this Q. Sir, a question to both of you regard- opportunity. I’ll say once again, we’ve spent ing this question of American prisoners. We literally trillions of dollars, trillions of dollars don’t understand, sir, why former Soviet for defense. Here’s an opportunity to take leaders would have wanted to keep these out an insurance policy for peace and de- American prisoners quiet. In the case of mocracy and to back a courageous leader Francis Gary Powers, Khrushchev used that and a courageous people. So I think it will as political propaganda to undermine Presi- pass. And I think his speech today, that I dent Eisenhower. Why would these pris- watched keenly, will help assure that pas- oners have been kept alive and in camps sage. He was very well-received in the Con- without any publicity? Was it just meanness, gress, and maybe after this is over you can cruelty? They just wanted to crush them, discuss this with some of the leaders of the find out what they could? Do your archives Congress who are here. reveal anything about that? My question to you, sir, would be: Do Russia-U.S. Agreements you think that what Mr. Yeltsin had to say Q. You were talking about the situation about the POW–MIA issue defused that in which many Russians find themselves. issue completely today? What are your peo- What do you think the significance of this ple telling you about the prospect of Rus- visit will be for the common people of Rus- sian aid now in Congress? sia? What can you say about that? President Yeltsin. You have had a chance President Yeltsin. I think that the negotia- to ask this question of the former President tions themselves and the documents, and of the former Soviet Union, why he kept I might say that we will have signed about this a secret. I’m not responsible for him. 39 documents, all in all. We have signed [Laughter] seven with President Bush and then the President Bush. Good answer. premiers, the deputy premiers, the deputy I think the way President Yeltsin handled secretaries, the secretaries of state or for- that question was extraordinarily sensitive in eign ministers are signing them, but each the Congress today, was extraordinarily sen- of these documents is profitable for Rus- sitive to American public opinion and to the sians, for the Russian people. anguish and grief of the families. Nowhere have we compromised our eco- I would refer you to the various chairmen nomic interests, our freedom, or the inter- that are here with us today, representatives ests of the Russian people. We always kept of both parties. But in my view he defused, in mind the interests of the people of Rus- by being so forthright and so forthcoming, sia. I’m very grateful, by the way, to Presi- the criticism that you say did exist. I think dent Bush that he always took a position I know of one very honorable Senator who that if we do not take measures now to has probably as much at stake in this broad support Russia that this will not be a col- subject as any, Senator McCain, who was lapse of Russia only; it will also mean the a prisoner himself in Vietnam for a long, collapse for the United States also, because long time. He was satisfied and pleased with it will mean new trillions of dollars for the the statement by President Yeltsin. So it is arms race. And this is what we have to un- my hope that that matter has been disposed derstand. This is inadmissible and imper-

957 June 17 / Administration of George Bush, 1992 missible. So each document is of direct im- Those will be direct investments from pri- port and direct benefit to Russian citizens. vate companies. We have talked to business people in the United States together with Assistance for Russia President Bush and the business people Q. Mr. President, how serious do you here understand that very well. And the think is the need for economic aid to Rus- same situation exists in other countries, and sia, and how soon do you think the United that will be a matter of hundreds of billions States will be able to make a contribution? of dollars. And that will be very important President Bush. I would simply say we aid. It will be direct aid. It will be civilized think it’s serious. We think that the changes aid. It will support our private sector, which that Russia has embarked on are absolutely is what we want. essential. I know there are still some problems that remain with the IMF, but we had very frank discussions about that. We are prepared to help move this package forward as swiftly as possible. I think the President put it best when he talked about the ur- Russia-U.S. Relations gency of this so I will let him add onto Q. Russian Television, First Channel. This it. But we are viewing this as priority. We is a question to both Presidents. You have are viewing this as of prior consideration. really had good results from this meeting. We have many domestic issues here, and What is it that you have failed to accomplish we’re going to keep pushing forward on or have not had time to accomplish? What them, economic growth, help for the cities. do you think is your next point on the agen- We can do all of those and pass this da? Should be for the next summit, per- ‘‘FREEDOM Support Act.’’ haps? So we’re going to keep pushing forward President Yeltsin. You know, in addition on the domestic front, but this is priority to those issues which are reflected in the internationally. We are going to be prepared documents that have been signed, we dis- to be weighing in and talking in great depth cussed dozens and dozens of other issues about this when I go to the G–7 summit which are not reflected in the documents, in Munich. dozens of them. For example, there was a Q. This goes with it, Mr. President. What wonderful pleasure trip on a boat on the are the alternatives if Congress doesn’t pass river which lasted an hour and 15 minutes. the aid to Russia? And even during that trip we worked, and President Bush. Well, I think they’re we discussed a lot of issues that we will going to pass it, and it’s too hypothetical. continue to talk about and will raise again Do you want to comment on the urgency? at the next meeting. And I hope very much No? Okay. that the President of the United States will President Yeltsin. I think that, of course, accept my invitation and will come and visit these $24 billion are important, the $24 bil- on an official visit to Moscow at the end lion that would have come to us as credits of this year. And I am convinced that a from the IMF. It is an important thing for very serious package of documents will be any civilized country, especially for Russia prepared by the time he comes for this visit. at this time, during this very difficult period President Bush. A summit of this nature of reforms. But these $24 billion will not is broken down into two general categories: save Russia; they will not even significantly one, agreements, where you sit down and help us. Perhaps they will help us to sta- you hammer out agreements. Many of them bilize the ruble, they will help us to make are precooked. The Arms Control Agree- the ruble convertible in July, once this ques- ment was enhanced and was finalized be- tion is decided. cause President Yeltsin came here with But the most important thing is that once some new ideas and he and his Foreign the IMF decides this issue, this will open Minister and Jim Baker and others here the door for a powerful stream, influx of worked very hard on getting it finalized. So private capital. Those will not be credits. that’s part of it; it’s the agreements.

958 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / June 17

But I find that a lot of the benefit of no secrets; as we find them we will let them a meeting of this nature is the kind of dis- be known. It will be a joint commission, cussion that we had, not just on that boat and they will be working together in the where we talked for an hour about world- archives. wide problems but the discussions that we Q. Can you tell us, sir, what you have had upstairs when I had some private time found already? with the President, private time in the Oval President Yeltsin. The most important Office with him, the Secretary, and Brent thing is that we know the numerical picture. Scowcroft. We know how many people there were on It is very important that Russia and the United States not pass in the dark; that we the territory, how many were left, what understand. He understands how we look camps the POW’s were held in, the citizens at the Balkans, for example, and I under- of the United States; which war they were stand how he does, or the Middle East or from, whether it was World War II or the South America or Japan. It is very important Korean war or any other incident. So that that two very important countries like this part of the picture is clear. We know who discuss in detail without trying to hammer died, where they are buried. We know that, out agreements the world situation, and also. that’s exactly what we did. I have a far bet- What we still don’t know, we don’t know ter understanding of the problem he faces a certain number of people who really we at home and perhaps he has a better under- can’t find where they belong, and we don’t standing of the problems that we face here know where they are, and we have simply in this country. no information about them. This is why we POW–MIA’s say that maybe some of them are still alive and are still in Russia. This is why we say Q. Question for both Presidents, Presi- we would like to find further documents dent Yeltsin first. I’d like to follow up on on those people. a question my colleague asked a few moments ago because of the sensitivity of the President Bush. May I say we are going POW issues. to take two more questions, one from each A few minutes ago you described to one side. But let me add something to this. This of the Russian journalists a document that is not a one-sided question. We aren’t hold- you’d found relating to the Korean airline ing anybody. I know of nobody ever having shootdown. Can you describe to us any doc- held people. But there’s a lot of heartbreak uments or details that you have found about in Russia. There’s a lot of families that won- the prisoner of war issue so that Americans der what happened to their loved ones in might understand why you believe that pris- Afghanistan. While we were having these oners might have been taken to Russia and frank talks, I told President Yeltsin we why you believe there might be still some would do absolutely everything we can. We alive? lack a lot of purchase in some of these And President Bush, can you tell us if areas, but we will do absolutely everything there are any documents you have found we can to cooperate with him to see that relating to this in the time since you have those young men, these Russians who are learned of this situation? held, allegedly held in Afghanistan are re- President Bush. I’ll answer it—no—and turned. then let him take the first part. There are So the heartbreak is on both sides. The none that have been brought to my atten- agony is on both sides, different cir- tion. cumstances. But I just wanted you to know President Yeltsin. What we know today that we have pledged, and I want the peo- and what I have informed the Senate about, we are prepared to submit all the docu- ple in Russia to know, that we have pledged ments on that score. As to what we find to work cooperatively with President Yeltsin later, as we find it we will submit those to try to get some information that might documents. I assure you that there will be alleviate the suffering of families in Russia.

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Assistance for Russia can the United States do? It can pass this. Q. I have a question for President Bush. It can work with the international financial Could you perhaps answer this somewhat institutions to be sure to see if we can help delicate question? You talked about the pre- eliminate some of the problems and work paredness of America to provide aid, but cooperatively with the G–7, who I’m con- that there are difficulties. Could you tell us vinced will want to help Russia. It’s that something about the possibilities that have kind of an approach. arisen for helping Russia as a result of sign- We’ve got one more to go. ing the kind of documents that you have Q. I ask about what should be changed signed? What is possible, and what makes in Russia in order to make aid easier? it psychologically difficult? What should be President Bush. Well, I just think accom- changed in Russia to make it easier? What modation as much as possible—and you’ve would be conducive to our being able to got Mr. Gaydar trying to very much do that, help? along with this President—to accommodate President Bush. Change in Russia to make the requirements of the international finan- it easier would be going forward as briskly cial institutions. We’ve made a commitment, as possible with the reforms. That opens here. We’ve made a commitment, and we’re up not only cooperative support from the going to go forward with it. United States, but from the G–7 and other The whole package needs to be passed countries who want to help. by having these changes that the President’s I think—just help me once again with the already started, go forward. There are cer- first part of that. I lost my train of thought. tain requirements, there are some—I leave Q. In order to formulate your answer—— that to the financial experts that are here from Russia, but I can’t say anything about President Bush. Okay, no, but what we the details except to say that what Russia can do—the first part of your question can do is to try to iron out the requirements comes back to me—what we can do the that lie ahead. I know that President most is to pass the ‘‘FREEDOM Support Yeltsin’s determined to do that, and I’m Act.’’ Now, you say, what are the problems confident, with an able man like the Vice with that. Some of the big package relates Premier here, if it can be done, he’ll help to the reforms and the need to get it get it done. So that’s the only answer. through the IMF. Very candidly, so the peo- President Yeltsin. Just a moment, I also ple of Russia will understand that, there is would like to give my evaluation, since I some sentiment here that we should con- am a participant in these events. And on centrate all our efforts in terms of spending my part it is 9—in other words, 9 out of domestically. 10 is the probability of help of what we It is my view—I don’t think that’s the have decided upon. That’s how I would will of the Congress, however. I believe the evaluate it. Congress will support the ‘‘FREEDOM President Bush. I think so, too. Last ques- Support Act.’’ We are in an election year tion. Last question. here. The people of Russia have to understand it’s a little strange out there, and things work differently in an election year. But the case for this ‘‘FREEDOM Support Arms Agreements Act’’ is so overriding that I am confident Q. A question for both Presidents. Presi- that we can lay the politics aside and get dent Yeltsin said that we don’t want to force this passed. I don’t know if the interpreter any other nations to join you. But now that got this, but I think that President Yeltsin’s you are so far down the road of disar- speech today, and I notice the Senators all mament, should some of the allies of the had to go vote, but I think that they would United States cut deeply their own nuclear tell you that that speech today was so well- weapons? received that that will enhance passage of President Yeltsin. The thing is that when the ‘‘FREEDOM Support Act.’’ I was on an official visit in France or a That is the answer to your question. What working visit in the United Kingdom and

960 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / June 17 when we discussed this issue in detail with President of the United States to start talk- the leaders of those countries, I personally ing about the French or British deterrent, came to the conclusion that, actually, we and that’s not my role. didn’t really need to talk about these issues; Thank you all very much. We’re out of it wasn’t really necessary because the quan- here. tities are totally incommensurate. Can you imagine 21,000 warheads, strategic warheads, that our two countries have Note: The President’s 132d news conference in their possession and then take 100 that began at 4:47 p.m. in the East Room at some other country has, is it really worth the White House. During the news con- talking about? Is it worth arguing about? ference, the following persons were referred Especially once we began discussing it, they to: Gen. Dmitri Volkogonov, senior adviser themselves come to the conclusion that the to President Yeltsin, and Yegor Gaydar, atmosphere in the world, once it changes, First Deputy Prime Minister of Russia. it will itself lead them to lower the level President Yeltsin spoke in Russian, and his of the strategic armaments. Their own peo- remarks were translated by an interpreter. ples will demand it. In France they have The news conference followed a ceremony 5 submarines and we have hundreds; so in which President Bush and President how can we compare them? Yeltsin signed the Washington Charter for President Bush. Let me just reiterate the American-Russian Partnership and Friend- policy of the United States. We do not ne- ship; Joint United States-Russian Statement gotiate somebody else’s armaments; we talk on a Global Protection System; the Bilateral about the United States. So I’m not going Investment Treaty; the Treaty for the Avoid- to go into that at all. Our policy is well- ance of Double Taxation; Joint Understand- known, and I think that the President put ing on reductions in strategic offensive arms; this in very proper perspective here. We’re Space Cooperation Agreement; and the dealing with something enormous in work- Agreement on the Destruction and Safe- ing down our own arsenals. We’ve got our guarding of Weapons and the Prevention of plate pretty full there. But it is not for the Weapons Proliferation.

Joint Understanding on Reductions in Strategic Offensive Arms June 17, 1992

The President of the United States of (d) 2160 SLBM warheads. America and the President of the Russian 2. By the year 2003 (or by the end of Federation have agreed to substantial fur- the year 2000 if the United States can con- ther reductions in strategic offensive arms. tribute to the financing of the destruction Specifically, the two sides have agreed upon or elimination of strategic offensive arms in and will promptly conclude a Treaty with Russia), they will: the following provisions: (a) reduce the overall total to no more 1. Within the seven-year period following than a number of warheads for each be- entry into force of the START Treaty, they tween 3000 and 3500 (as each nation shall will reduce their strategic forces to no more determine) or such lower number as each than: nation shall decide. (a) an overall total number of warheads (b) eliminate all MIRVed ICBMs. for each between 3800 and 4250 (as each (c) reduce SLBM warheads to between nation shall determine) or such lower num- no more than 1700 to 1750 (as each nation ber as each nation shall decide. shall determine). (b) 1200 MIRVed ICBM warheads. 3. For the purpose of calculating the over- (c) 650 heavy ICBM warheads. all totals described above:

961 June 17 / Administration of George Bush, 1992

(a) The number of warheads counted for sile launchers and heavy bombers using heavy bombers with nuclear roles will be START procedures, and, in accordance with the number of nuclear weapons they are the plans of the two sides, by reducing the actually equipped to carry. number of warheads on existing ballistic (b) Under agreed procedures, heavy missiles other than the SS–18. Except as bombers not to exceed 100 that were never otherwise agreed, ballistic missile warheads equipped for long-range nuclear ALCMs will be calculated according to START and that are reoriented to conventional roles counting rules. will not count against the overall total estab- 5. The two Presidents directed that this lished by this agreement. agreement be promptly recorded in a brief (i) Such heavy bombers will be based sep- Treaty document which they will sign and arately from heavy bombers with nu- submit for ratification in their respective clear roles. countries. Because this new agreement is (ii) No nuclear weapons will be located separate from but builds upon the START at bases for heavy bombers with con- Treaty, they continue to urge that the ventional roles. START Treaty be ratified and implemented (iii) Such aircraft and crews will not train as soon as possible. or exercise for nuclear missions. DONE at Washington, this seventeenth (iv) Current inspection procedures al- day of June, 1992, in two copies, each in ready agreed in the START Treaty will the English and Russian languages, both help affirm that these bombers have texts being equally authentic. conventional roles. No new verification procedures are required. FOR THE UNITED STATES OF (v) Except as otherwise agreed, these AMERICA bombers will remain subject to the provisions of the START Treaty, including GEORGE BUSH the inspection provisions. FOR THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION 4. The reductions required by this agreement will be carried out by eliminating mis- BORIS YELTSIN

Joint United States-Russian Statement on a Global Protection System June 17, 1992

The Presidents continued their discussion with other nations of the world community. of the potential benefits of a Global Protec- The two Presidents agreed it is necessary tion System (GPS) against ballistic missiles, to start work without delay to develop the agreeing that it is important to explore the concept of the GPS. For this purpose they role for defenses in protecting against lim- agreed to establish a high-level group to ex- ited ballistic missile attacks. The two Presi- plore on a priority basis the following prac- dents agreed that their two nations should tical steps: work together with allies and other inter- —The potential for sharing of early warn- ested states in developing a concept for ing information through the establish- such a system as part of an overall strategy ment of an early warning center. regarding the proliferation of ballistic mis- —The potential for cooperation with par- siles and weapons of mass destruction. Such ticipating states in developing ballistic cooperation would be a tangible expression missile defense capabilities and tech- of the new relationship that exists between nologies. Russia and the United States and would in- —The development of a legal basis for volve them in an important undertaking cooperation, including new treaties and

962 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / June 17

agreements and possible changes to ex- FOR THE UNITED STATES OF isting treaties and agreements necessary AMERICA to implement a Global Protection Sys- tem. GEORGE BUSH DONE at Washington, this seventeenth day of June, 1992, in two copies, each in FOR THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION the English and Russian languages, both texts being equally authentic. BORIS YELTSIN

Joint Russian-American Declaration on Defense Conversion June 17, 1992

The United States of America and the they may take timely and effective measures Russian Federation recognize that defense to eliminate impediments to bilateral co- conversion is a key challenge of the post operation in the area of conversion. Cold War era and essential for building a With the aim of promoting successful co- democratic peace. Both parties realize the operation in conversion, each of the parties hardships involved in defense conversion ef- intends to take a number of practical steps forts. But the parties realize, too, that the in the near future. successful conversion of resources no longer The Russian Federation intends to estab- needed for defense is in the long-term eco- lish on its territory a favorable political, economic and national security interests of nomic, legal, and regulatory climate for their peoples. Therefore, the United States American trade and investment, including of America and the Russian Federation de- the adoption of macroeconomic reforms clare their intention to devote priority to necessary to institute convertibility of the cooperation in advancing defense conver- ruble; the pursuit of complementary micro- sion. economic reforms to support the privatiza- Recognizing the important role of the pri- tion and demonopolization of industry; the vate sector and of practical participation by business communities in the complex task enactment of laws to guarantee contract and of defense conversion, the United States of property rights; and, the dissemination of America and the Russian Federation are es- internationally-accepted standards of basic tablishing a U.S.-Russian Defense Conver- business and financial information on enter- sion Committee to facilitate conversion prises undergoing conversion. through expanded trade and investment. The United States intends to facilitate The intergovernmental committee will be U.S. business engagement in commercially- established within the framework of the viable conversion projects in Russia, includ- U.S.-Russian Business Development Com- ing joint ventures, through the placement mittee and will be designed to facilitate the of long-term defense conversion resident exchange of information and the promotion advisers to serve as catalysts for U.S. busi- of trade and investment, including through ness engagement and to provide expertise the development of contacts between inter- to local leaders and enterprise directors; the ested groups, the expansion of information establishment in Russia of business centers exchange on enterprises undergoing conver- with translation, education, and training fa- sion, and, the improvement of conditions cilities for U.S. businesses operating in for commercial activities in both countries Russia; the creation of a business informa- through the identification and removal of tion service (‘‘BISNIS’’) in Washington to obstacles to expanded trade and investment. match businesses in Russia with potential The Committee will inform the govern- investors in the United States; and, the in- ments of both countries on a regular basis volvement of the Trade and Development of the results of its activities, in order that Program, the Overseas Private Investment

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Corporation, and the Export-Import Bank world standards of export controls in the to provide incentives to American private area of the non-proliferation of weapons of investment in commercially viable defense mass destruction and related technologies, conversion projects. missiles and missile technology, destabiliz- The United States of America and the ing conventional armaments, and dual-use Russian Federation endorse the COCOM of goods and technologies. Cooperation Forum on Export Control as The parties strongly encourage the expan- a means to heal Cold War divisions and ad- sion of bilateral defense and military con- vance conversion through helping to remove tacts and the work of the North Atlantic barriers to high technology trade, assisting Cooperation Council in addressing the full in the establishment of COCOM-comparable export control regimes in Russia range of military issues that are critically and the other new independent states, and linked to the success of conversion including establishing procedures to ensure the civil civilian control of the military in a democ- end-use of sensitive goods and technologies racy; defense planning, budgeting, and pro- on matters of common concern. Both par- curement in a market economy; base clos- ties agree that this process is based on their ings and conversions; and demobilization mutual determination strictly to adhere to and retraining as well as social protection.

Joint Statement on Chemical Weapons June 17, 1992

President Bush and President Yeltsin vention. stressed their continuing commitment to the The two leaders underscored their sup- global elimination of chemical weapons. port for the 1989 Wyoming Joint Memoran- They expressed their conviction that the dum on phased confidence-building meas- Geneva negotiations on a multilateral con- ures in the area of chemical weapons de- vention banning chemical weapons can be struction, and agreed to implement the new, concluded by the end of August. They cooperative provisions for detailed data ex- agreed to instruct their representatives ac- changes and inspections included in the cordingly, and called on all participants in Joint Memorandum as soon as arrangements the negotiations to do their utmost to can be completed. They also agreed that achieve this goal. They expressed the hope the June 1990 bilateral chemical weapons that a ministerial meeting could be con- Destruction Agreement would be updated vened in that timeframe to approve the con- and brought into force promptly.

Nomination of Richard Monroe Miles To Be United States Ambassador to Azerbaijan June 17, 1992

The President today announced his inten- Berlin. From 1988 to 1991, he served as tion to nominate Richard Monroe Miles, of Consul General in Leningrad. He was a fel- South Carolina, to be Ambassador of the low at the Center for International Affairs United States of America to the Republic at Harvard University, 1987–88. From 1984 of Azerbaijan. This is a new position. to 1987, Mr. Miles served as Counselor Since 1991, Mr. Miles has served as Prin- cipal Officer at the U.S. Embassy Office in

964 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / June 17 for Political Affairs at the American Em- European Affairs in the Bureau of Euro- bassy in Belgrade. From 1983 to 1984, he pean Affairs, 1979–81. served as an assistant to Senator Ernest Mr. Miles graduated from Bakersfield Hollings on an American Political Science College (A.A., 1960); the University of Cali- Association fellowship. He has also served fornia at Berkeley (A.B., 1962); and Indiana at the Department of State as Deputy Di- University (M.A., 1964). He was born Janu- rector and as Acting Director of the Office ary 8, 1937, in Little Rock, AR. Mr. Miles of Regional Security Affairs in the Bureau is married, has two children, and currently of Politico-Military Affairs, 1981–83; and as resides in Berlin. Yugoslav Desk Officer in the Office of East

Nomination of Ruth A. Davis To Be United States Ambassador to Benin June 17, 1992

The President today announced his inten- Personnel, 1984–86; and Senior Watch Offi- tion to nominate Ruth A. Davis, of Georgia, cer in the Operations Center, 1982–84. a career member of the Senior Foreign From 1980 to 1982, she served as special Service, class of Minister-Counselor, to be assistant for international affairs to the Ambassador of the United States of America Mayor of Washington, DC. Ms. Davis also to the Republic of Benin. She would suc- served as consular officer in Naples, Italy, ceed Harriet Winsar Isom. 1976–80; Tokyo, Japan, 1973–76; Nairobi, Currently Ms. Davis is serving as a mem- Kenya, 1971–73; and Kinshasa, Zaire, 1969– ber of the senior seminar at the Foreign 71. Service Institute at the Department of Ms. Davis graduated from the University State. From 1987 to 1991, she served as Consul General at the American Embassy of California at Berkeley (M.S.W., 1968) in Barcelona, Spain. Ms. Davis has also and Spelman College (B.A. 1966). She was served at the Department of State as Chief born May 28, 1943, in Phoenix, AZ. Ms. of Training and Liaison for the Bureau of Davis presently resides in Washington, DC.

Appointment of Vernon B. Parker as Special Assistant to the President and Associate Director of Presidential Personnel June 17, 1992

The President announced the appoint- ices, a private consulting firm in Washing- ment of Vernon B. Parker as Special Assist- ton, DC. He also worked as a financial ana- ant to the President and Associate Director lyst for Rockwell International in Los Ange- of Presidential Personnel. He will be re- les. Mr. Parker began his political career sponsible for boards and commissions. with the Fund for America’s Future. During Since January 1992, Mr. Parker has the 1988 Presidential primaries, he chaired served as General Counsel of the Office of a key research team, and he served as the Personnel Management (OPM). Prior to GOP national director of Democrats for this Mr. Parker served as Counselor to the Bush-Quayle during the general election. Director of OPM and as Director of Policy. Mr. Parker graduated from Georgetown Prior to joining OPM, Mr. Parker was an University Law Center, where he was attorney with Multinational Business Serv-

965 June 17 / Administration of George Bush, 1992 editor-in-chief of the Georgetown American nia State University at Long Beach. Mr. Criminal Law Journal and vice president of Parker lives in McLean, VA, with his wife, the Student Bar Association. He received Lisa, and daughter, Sonya. his bachelor of science degree from Califor-

Nomination of Jon M. Huntsman, Jr., To Be United States Ambassador to Singapore June 17, 1992

The President today announced his inten- 90. Since 1984, Mr. Huntsman has held sev- tion to nominate Jon M. Huntsman, Jr., of eral positions at the Huntsman Chemical Utah, to be Ambassador of the United Corp., including vice president of inter- States of America to the Republic of Singa- national business and member of the board pore. He would succeed Robert D. Orr. of directors, 1988–89; vice president and From 1991 to the present, Mr. Huntsman member of the board of directors of Hunts- has served as senior vice president and gen- man Pacific Chemical Corp., 1987–89; and eral manager of the international division product manager, 1984–85. of the Huntsman Chemical Corp. in Salt Mr. Huntsman graduated from the Uni- Lake City, UT. He served at the Depart- versity of Pennsylvania, receiving a bachelor ment of Commerce as Deputy Assistant Secretary for East Asian and Pacific Affairs, of arts degree. He was born March 26, 1990–91, and Deputy Assistant Secretary of 1960, in Palo Alto, CA. Mr. Huntsman is the Trade Development Bureau at the married, has four children, and resides in International Trade Administration, 1989– Salt Lake City, UT.

Nomination of Joseph S. Hulings III To Be United States Ambassador to Turkmenistan June 17, 1992

The President today announced his inten- tive officer at the American Embassy in Bel- tion to nominate Joseph S. Hulings III, of grade, 1980–82; senior watch officer for the Virginia, to be Ambassador of the United Operations Center at the State Department, States of America to the Republic of 1978–80; administrative officer at the Amer- Turkmenistan. This is a new position. ican Embassy in Moscow, 1976–78; admin- Since 1990, Mr. Hulings has served as istrative officer at the American Embassy Minister-Counselor for Management at the in Helsinki, 1974–75; and budget officer American Embassy in Moscow. He has and general services officer at the American served at the Department of State as Spe- Embassy in Vientiane, 1972–74. cial Coordinator for Moscow Projects, Mr. Hulings graduated from the Univer- 1988–90; Deputy Special Coordinator for sity of South Carolina (B.S., 1963; M.B.A., Moscow Projects, 1987–88; Special Program 1971). Mr. Hulings was born May 6, 1941, Officer for Schlesinger Study, 1987; and in Carlisle, PA. He served in the U.S. Navy, Deputy Director for the Office of Foreign 1963–69. He is married, has two children, Missions, 1985–87. Mr. Hulings has served and currently resides at the American Em- as administrative counselor at the American bassy in Moscow. Embassy in Moscow, 1982–85; administra-

966 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / June 18

Remarks at a Dinner Hosted by President Boris Yeltsin of Russia June 17, 1992

Mr. President, thank you for those very mocracy and freedom, leading the great kind words. After what you did on Capitol country of Russia. We could identify with Hill today, after that sensational speech— that, as I say, and we salute you, sir. We it brought the Members of Congress to know the problems at home are extraor- their feet over and over again—there is ab- dinarily difficult, but I think you leave with solutely no point in my giving a speech to- all of us feeling that you’re going to make night. [Laughter] it. Somehow, you and this wonderful group What we Americans saw was a true demo- of young leaders you’ve brought with you crat who understood the heartbeat of the here to Washington are going to make it. American people. It came through over and Let me simply say in conclusion, we want over again, your sensitivity on the prisoners, to be at your side. We want to be at your for example, and many other ways. side as you complete the democratic experi- I had a note from a very senior person ment and as you move your great country in the communications business; I will give forward. him or her plenty of cover by that defini- And so, may I propose a toast to Presi- tion. And that note said that in all the time dent Boris Yeltsin and to his wonderful that that person had been in Washington, wife, to his team that taught us all a great and it’s many, many years, there has never deal about what commitment means, and been a greater day for mankind than yester- to the friendship between Russia and the day. United States of America that has never, Some of it was clearly the historic agree- ever been stronger. May God bless your ment on arms control, arms reduction. country, and may God bless the United Some of it was perhaps the agreements that States of America, too. we were to sign today. But I think much more of it was because that person saw a Note: The President spoke at 8:05 p.m. at true democrat, a person committed to de- the Russian Embassy.

Remarks at a Ceremony Honoring Presidential Scholars June 18, 1992

Please be seated, all of you. I know you’ve told him, but I want to just say again here been waiting out here for a while. But let today, that we are welcoming to the White me first thank Governor Engler, one of the House in this ceremony the best and the great Governors of our country out there brightest of American students. We meet in the State of Michigan, for his leadership, on the 28th anniversary of the highest scho- not simply for his being willing to lead in lastic award that a President can bestow, this field, Presidential scholars, but for what the Presidential Scholarship Program. he’s doing for our country. I’m also de- Earlier I was talking to Barbara about lighted to be with Lamar Alexander. He is this, and she noted that if your scholastic literally trying to revolutionize the edu- brilliance continues into your career work, cational processes in this country. And we maybe you won’t end up like I have, where owe him a vote of gratitude, too—both of your dog makes more money than you do them. as an author. [Laughter] When we were standing on that balcony I’ve got to confess that things have a minute ago—I’m just sorry all of you changed since I was a student. Nowadays weren’t here then—with Boris Yeltsin, I with computers, bringing an apple to the

967 June 18 / Administration of George Bush, 1992 teacher has an entirely different meaning. Congratulations on that. Joane Liu of [Laughter] But what really hasn’t changed Princeton Junction, where’s Joane? Right is the meaning of education. It can form over here. She teaches physically and men- the noblest character and lay the surest tally handicapped kids to sing and to read foundation of usefulness to mankind. music. And in Davenport, Amy Symons, Take a look at this year’s Presidential Amy? Right over here on the end. Amy is scholars, from all 50 States, from the Dis- a peer tutor. And in Salt Lake City, Alexis trict, U.S. territories, and families living Sentell spends hours at the Utah Food abroad, and consider why you learn: not Bank. Alexis? Way back there. Across the only for learning’s sake, to help yourself, country in Norwalk, Connecticut, Kendrew but also to help others. You know that Witt coaches Special Olympic swimming. scholarship can further service to Nation Kendrew, where is he? Right here in the and certainly can further service to neighbor front. Here’s what he says, ‘‘I wanted to and community. return to the community what it has given For instance, just to single out a few, here to me.’’ sits Cara Reichel of Rome, Georgia. She’s And it’s principles like these—that’s prin- written and illustrated this book. I want to ciples which explain why you’ve excelled in- thank her for the copy. Barbara and I are side and outside of the classroom. And for thrilled with the inscription; that’s why we that we all ought to thank principals with brought it along. Anarug Bansal of East an ‘‘al.’’ We need, too, to thank your favorite Greenwich, Rhode Island. Where’s Anarug? teacher, your local minister, that close Right back here. In his experiments he friend in your town or city who literally has found a chemical that blocks HIV activity inspired you to learn. That brings me to in blood cells. One scholar’s family emi- those who deserve the most thanks of all, grated from the former Soviet Union; an- your parents, giving of their time and of other escaped from Hungary. All know how themselves. They truly showed the way. education stems from the human heart and This is your day, but it is also your par- the human mind. Let me just tell you a little story. Once ents’ day. And Shannon Wallace is a Presi- Albert Einstein and his wife, they visited dential scholar from Sewickley, Pennsyl- California’s Mount Wilson Observatory. vania. Shannon? Right back here. And she Pointing to a very complex piece of equip- asked, ‘‘How do you thank your parents for ment, Mrs. Einstein asked its purpose, and 18 years of a wonderful, solid upbringing?’’ their guide said that it helped determine And if I could suggest a way: Honor them. the shape of the universe. Mrs. Einstein was Remember always that learning and teach- not impressed. ‘‘Oh,’’ she said, ‘‘my husband ing is a lifelong enterprise. uses the back of an envelope to work that Our pioneering program that I referred out.’’ [Laughter] to earlier to literally revolutionize education, Well, Einstein used envelopes to ask it’s called America 2000, recognizes the fact questions and find solutions, and you may that education is key to our economic sur- use typewriters and word processors or yel- vival. We know that education can help low legal pads. I’m told some of you are achieve America’s three great legacies: fam- so intelligent you even know how to set the ily, jobs, and peace. timer on a VCR. [Laughter] But the goal’s So our America 2000 program challenges the same: To become an educated person. students to stay involved in their schools Only then can you use this knowledge to and schools in their community. Our cru- lead humanity to the stars, becoming what sade seeks to make America number one we refer to as a Point of Light in the lives in math and science by the year 2000, in- of your neighbors and your families and creasing our ability to learn and compete your friends. in the world, and making our great country That’s what Lisa Kim of Minneapolis is more prosperous. doing. She formed a chamber ensemble to Education is our most enduring legacy, perform at local nursing homes and hos- vital to everything we are and everything pitals. And where is she now? Right here. we can become. It’s as young as you are,

968 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / June 18 and it’s as old as the Scriptures. And it can, Thank you all for coming to the White indeed, make America a better Nation and House on this very special low humidity ensure a more decent world. day—[laughter]—on the South Lawn of the To every Presidential scholar, my heartfelt White House. congratulations. Barbara and I both con- May God bless our great country. Thank gratulate you and honor you. And to all of you. you here, thank you parents for what you do. To the rest of you on the Commission, thank you for giving of yourselves to keep Note: The President spoke at 9:10 a.m. on this wonderful program going forward. the South Lawn at the White House.

Question-and-Answer Session With Employees of Evergreen Oil in Newark, California June 18, 1992

Mr. Morgan. It’s my pleasure, Mr. Presi- to make life better for our kids. dent, to introduce to you some of our Curt and I were talking—he’s got a big friends, our neighbors. Evergreen Oil is family and so do we—but for years the chil- only possible because we have had some dren in this country have been going to bed shareholders that have had a lot of foresight. with the fear of nuclear weapons. What hap- The city of Newark has been very coopera- pened in the last 2 days is really historic. tive, a partnership. But most of all, our em- It has an effect not only on the psychology ployees are the ones that made this possible. of all of this, but also it has an enormous So, now that I’ve got the mike, and I’m effect on the jobs for the future. Because not going to have this chance again, I want what we’re doing now as we move down to ask the first question. Is that all right? any military threat is to move forward with The President. That’s the way it is, give business exchanges, and the export potential a guy a little power. [Laughter] in that country is enormous, which would Q. I know there’s been a lot of questions mean jobs for the United States at home. about the environment, but one of the things of our environment that has been in So it was historic. It’s a joy doing business the press a lot lately, and I think as a father with this man. I wish all of you could have and businessman and this sort of thing, I’d seen the way in which he was received, like to know how your historic treaty with maybe you did see it on the tube, by the President Yeltsin and the arms reductions United States Congress. is going to affect people like me and the The other point I’d make to those who rest of us here? are in service here, for years we’ve been The President. Well, let me just say that dealing with the Soviets in the spirit of mis- this morning we said goodbye to President trust for plenty of reason. Anytime you’re Yeltsin, a new kind of Russian leader. up against a totalitarian regime, you better Democratically elected, he came to the keep your eyes open. Now we’re moving United States with the vote of the people away from that. And his offer to go in with behind him. And what we worked out in the KGB file, go the extra miles to see if the arms control field is literally historic. any information can be shed on Americans There will be no question that what hap- that are missing, this is very good. And we pened as we move to eliminate now, have have a wide array of areas in which we’re agreement to eliminate the most destabiliz- cooperating, including that one. ing missiles, in their case the big SS–18’s, So it was a historic day, and I think it multiwarhead missiles that for years have means a lot for generations to come. It plagued everybody, that move is destined

969 June 18 / Administration of George Bush, 1992 doesn’t mean that we don’t need a strong quire new thinking. I would urge you to defense. Who knows where the next trouble take a look at the America 2000. The way spot will be? We’ve got to be prepared, and to achieve, not for my sake but for we can’t lay down our arms in hopes that everybody’s sake, better education is to pass everybody around the world is going to do our program America 2000. that. It has things like school choice. You see, But this was a big meeting, and I think when I got out of the service and was on the historic agreement is going to mean an the GI bill, why, you could choose where awful lot for the tranquility of our children. you want to go to school. Pell Grants, you That’s very important to me, and I know can choose where you want to go to school. it is to Curt and everybody else here. But in elementary and secondary education, Now, who wants to shoot away, in a figu- the parents have no choice. I believe the rative sense here? [Laughter] time has come for the parents to have Q. Mr. President, I’d like to ask you— choice in education. So we’re stressing that. I’m sure you’ll agree with me that the fu- The fundamentals, we’ve gotten too far ture of our country lies in educating our away from them in many of our schools. children. And 4 years ago you promised that We are stressing that. you would be the education President. So, first place, I think our schools are Since then, I’ve seen tuitions go out of the under constraints because of the economy. roof. I’ve seen classes be so limited in our This, as you know, is the responsibility of State colleges, the students can’t complete the local government. I do not want the their degrees. I’ve seen our elementary Federal Government to dictate curriculum schools get slashed to where there’s not to the cities. It’s much better that Newark even a remedial reading instructor at our decides on its own and not have some bu- local elementary schools any longer. I’d like reaucrat in Washington setting the agenda. to know, if you’re reelected in November, But we are spending more money by far can you hold true to your promise to be on education. Head Start funding, which is the education President? And how are you to meet one of our national goals, is way going to do that? up; Pell Grant funding is up. So the Federal The President. Let me tell you—the first place, a good question. Secondly, everything Government, in spite of these enormous we do is affected by education. For the first deficits that are ripping off everybody, is time, since I’ve become President, for the putting more money into education. first time in history we have six education But the answer isn’t more money; it is goals. America 2000, our education program. We Now, you might say, ‘‘Well, what does need the help in the United States Congress that accomplish?’’ It means that we’ve got- to get it passed. ten all of the Governors of the States to- Thank you. gether, and they have agreed on the goals, Q. My question is, I saw you on CNN the goals that we must strive for: better per- the other night, and the last question posed formance. Kids should start school ready to to you was, are you willing to open up an learn; that means much more emphasis on ‘‘Ask George Bush’’ line and meet with peo- Head Start, which we’ve done. Nobody is ple, like Bill Clinton and Ross Perot had? too old to learn; that means more emphasis I think that this is probably very good for on adult education, which we’ve done. It your PR. But why don’t you do this more? means proficiency in math and science. It The President. Well, I’ve been doing it, means voluntary testing. So we’ve got these ever since I’ve been in politics. We had a goals. thing called ‘‘Ask George Bush’’ when these Secondly, we have the most revolutionary other guys hadn’t even started on this kind program in education, called America 2000. of an event, and we do do some of it. But I regret to report to you that America 2000’s I don’t believe that the White House should ingredients have been blocked in a hostile have a—we have a comments line, but I United States Congress that is thinking old just have a certain respect for the office, thoughts. The problems you bring up re- and I don’t want to turn it into a call-in-

970 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / June 18 show place. I mean I just think that I owe item veto, and see if the President couldn’t the people a certain respect for the office do a better job of cutting the spending than of the Presidency. the United States Congress has done. But But this isn’t the first time that we’ve more important than just presiding over done this. As a matter of fact, we did it what we’ve got is to get this economy to not so long ago in an event not too far away grow. We have a growth program up there in the valley, right here in California. I’ve that would spur investment in small busi- been doing it. I did it up in the primaries ness. Included in it, also, is an incentive up in New Hampshire, and I’ve been doing that would spur investment in homebuying. it ever since I’ve been running for office. It is a $5,000 credit for the first-time home It’s a good thing to do and you do learn. buyer. I believe that would not only offer I learn from the questions and learn the the American dream to some young family anxieties of people. So we’re going to keep but would stimulate jobs in our economy. on doing it. But I’m glad you think that I believe that a capital gains tax reduction it makes some sense. I’ll be honest with would stimulate risk-taking and stimulate in- you, though. I think in a campaign year vestment. I believe that changing the IRA’s you’ve got to draw the line somewhere. I in a way that would increase risk-taking am not going to be out there, kind of being would be very good. So we have a six— a teenybopper at 68; I just can’t do it. you know, everybody’s got an eight-point or [Laughter] a ten-point program—we’ve got a six-point Yes. program to stimulate this economy, and it’s Q. Mr. President, in light of your goals been languishing in the Congress. In fact, for education, the environment, the rebuild- to try to get it passed I ended up having ing of the infrastructure, and the social to veto a tax bill because I just could not problems, how are we going to make those accept that, the fact that people are taxed goals come to pass in light of our financial situation, the deficit and such? too little in this country. The President. We’re not going to if we So we’re going to keep pushing for eco- don’t get this economy back. The national nomic growth, and as President the only economy is recovering. Anemic growth: weapon I’ve got now is to use that veto grew at two-point-some percent here in the to keep bad things from happening. But I’m first quarter; it will be, I think, a little bit a little more optimistic because I think, one, stronger in the second quarter. So the na- things are beginning to move on the econ- tional economy is recovering. Incidentally, omy, and secondly, I think people want to 60 percent of the people in the poll I saw see some of these incentives passed to stim- that same night I did that show think it’s ulate economic growth. It is essential for getting worse. In some areas like California California, I think, because we’re suffering it has been horrible, but we’ve got to get here with defense going down. In a way, the economy recovering. that’s good; in a way, that’s not so good. The other day we had a chance to dis- Jobs way, it’s tough. World peace, it’s good. cipline the executive branch and we had a But we need to move with incentives in chance to discipline the Congress by passing this economy, and I’m going to keep on a balanced budget amendment to the Con- fighting for them. stitution. I was for it. We got well over a Q. Mr. President, I’d like to know how majority of the vote, but we did not get you’re going to balance our immediate eco- two-thirds because it was blocked by the nomic needs for growth with those of the entrenched liberal leadership in the United long-term environmental needs. We didn’t States Congress. Eighty percent of the look real well in Rio, and I’m wondering American people want it. It would help. It how you want to balance those two things. wouldn’t automatically do it, but it would The President. Well, I’ll tell you what, we force the tough decisions on the elected may have a difference about Rio. I don’t members of the Government. think leadership is going along with every- And so that’s one thing. I also would like body else. We have the best environmental to have what 43 Governors have, the line- record in the whole world. Our technology

971 June 18 / Administration of George Bush, 1992 is fantastic. What you’re doing right here half ago, when the Persian Gulf situation for conservation, what you’re doing right got fired up, that it was predicted oil would here is an example of this. go to $80 a barrel overseas. And I don’t So we’ve got a good record on the envi- know if you saw what Saddam Hussein said ronment. We’re the leaders in CFC’s. We’re the other day. He said the biggest mistake the leaders in forestry. We’re the leaders he made is when he first moved into Ku- in ocean technology. We have the best pro- wait, that he didn’t move into Saudi Arabia. grams for our parks and adding to wilder- You want to project something that would nesses which, incidentally, a lot of that’s just shoot these gasoline prices right off the happened since I’ve been President. scoreboard, try that one on. But what we’ve got to do is find a balance so we don’t throw a lot of Americans out So what we’ve got to do, it seems to me, of work by going to the extreme. I could is to try to become less dependent on for- not sign that biodiversity treaty because, in eign oil for security reasons, and that means my view, it would take technological innova- alternate sources. I may get into a big fight tion like this and hand it over to others here, but I believe that nuclear power can and dry up our technology and dry up the be used safely. And it’s clean-burning—I labs. I stood up there against the whole believe, clean. I believe that we ought to world and said, ‘‘Look, we want to share facilitate that rather than turn our back on our technology. We want to continue to lead that. on the environment, but I simply also, as But it does concern me that we’re becom- President, must consider the working man ing more dependent on foreign oil, and yet, and woman, the families of this country.’’ I think the answer is conservation and alter- So we’re trying to find the balance. We native sources. That’s in our energy bill. did come out of there in a lot of ways with Q. Mr. President—and I assume that you what they call Agenda 21 and with the cli- are—what do you think about the oil that mate control agreement, all pretty good we’ve got to send out for incineration? agreements. But I was singled out by many The President. What you’ve got to send of the special interest groups as saying, ‘‘Hey, our President should have signed out for incineration? Help me, I’m not a this.’’ I didn’t come in here to follow, to technologist, but what I see here I like in jump on the bandwagon. We’re the United terms—refining it. States, and we’re going to continue to lead Q. Well, the oil that fails our test that in environmental policy. we do on the field, we send that out for Q. Mr. President, I agree that we are incineration to Kansas, to a facility, the leaders in the environment. But if reelected, RCRA facility that burns it off. what incentives would you devise to aid our The President. I’m sorry, I hate to say country in reducing our overconsumption of this. Yes, I’m President, but I don’t know the energy resources? enough about the technology to know The President. We’ve got an energy bill whether that’s good or bad. [Laughter] But before the Congress right now that does I assume this company, committed to envi- that, encourages alternative use of fuels. We ronmental sanity, is not doing something have sound environmental practice on off- that would—help me, though. Are you wor- shore. We’ve got—in this bill, I mean, all— ried about it, or you think we need to do from lighting, kinds of new light bulbs that more of it, or what is it? really save an enormous amount of energy, Q. Well, I think it should be recycled. to alternative uses of fuel. We’ve got a good program. It’s hung up in the United States The President. Yes. Congress right now. But I would press for- Q. And right now, some of the oil that ward on that energy bill and try to move fails, well, all the oil that fails the test is forward. being burned off—— Let me say this as a word of caution, The President. I see. though. We are more and more dependent Q. ——in the RCRA facility where on foreign oil. It was about a year and a they’re licensed to do so.

972 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / June 18

The President. Well, let me check it. I’ll be free of care and attention, and that has just have to say I don’t know. I think that’s exacerbated this problem. I’m not sure that all right for a President, as along as you it needs the Federal action on this, but it don’t do it all the time. [Laughter] is an area of which I’m very much con- Q. Mr. President? cerned, and without shifting responsibility. The President. Shoot. I know when Barbara took Mrs. Yeltsin Q. With the recent close of many bases, the other day to a soup kitchen there, it military bases, do you have a plan for em- was to demonstrate that the Government ployment of our servicemen? can’t do it all. The, what we call Points of The President. Well, the answer is to get Light, the volunteers that are helping all the economy moving so that the men and over the country, got to pitch in and do women coming out of the service get jobs more. Federal level, the answer is fully in the private sector. I’ve addressed myself here to the things I think would help on funding of the McKinney bill, which we are that. The Defense Department is spending, trying to do and which we propose. it’s either $6 billion or $7 billion in trans- Q. Mr. President, I am a social worker, formation as we move from defense to help and I have been working with the Head people coming out of the military and also Start program. I’m currently working in a to help transfer some of our technology. skilled nursing facility, and I am very con- Our labs, for example, that have been de- cerned about a lot of the senior citizens voted to some of this highest tech—and we in our country. They live on fixed incomes. spend $90 billion a year on everything in Many of them have inadequate economy, the Government on research—those that inadequate health care. What are your plans are now being—they’re loosening up that for the future? technology to go into the private sector. The President. We’ve got a good health That will mean jobs. We’ve extended the care program. Let me tell you how I feel GI bill for veterans, for people coming out about health care. I’ve noted that when peo- so that they can then use those benefits for ple need specialized care, need quality care, their own education. And as I say, it’s $6 they come to the United States. We have billion or $7 billion out of the Defense De- the best quality health care in the world. partment for this transformation. So that’s What we don’t have is access for those that what we’re doing about it. are in the poorer end of the economic scale. Q. Hi, Mr. President. I noticed earlier The proposal that we have up there guaran- you pretty much seem family oriented as tees access through pooling of insurance, far as the economy goes. But do you have guarantees access to every person. any type of plan for the homeless? It seems It involves giving vouchers to these peo- like there’s a growing number. ple that have no insurance. Those vouchers The President. Well, it does. And the plan could only be used to get insurance. The for the homeless is to fully fund what’s known as the McKinney Act, which we’ve insurance would be transferable, so when done. The Federal Government has partial you left a company you couldn’t be cut off responsibility for that. But the responsibility and then not get it in the next place. the Federal Government has is to assist the This is a very comprehensive bill. It in- States and municipalities as much as we cludes in it, incidentally, trying to do some- can. I think we’re spending more money thing about malpractice reform. One of the as a result of that act on the homeless than reasons costs are so high is that all these we’ve had before. But it’s a tough problem, doctors get sued, frivolously, a lot of the and I don’t believe the answer lies just at time. We’re suing each other too much and the Federal level. caring for each other too little. So we’re I’ll be honest with you: I continue to trying to get that under control. worry about a third of the homeless who But take a look. And I will say this: It is have mental problems. We changed the the only comprehensive health care reform laws somewhere back in the last couple of proposal before the Congress right now. At decades which permitted these people to first, they started off saying: Well, let’s try

973 June 18 / Administration of George Bush, 1992 the Canada plan. Let’s try the ‘‘pay or play’’ health as best one can, I believe. But we plan that failed so miserably in Massachu- can overdo it by frivolous regulation. And setts that all the small companies started sometimes, in the environmental area, we moving across the border to some other get too regulatory. I’ve had to rule very re- State. They’re moving back now to our plan, cently on a case that came down in the which is expanded insurance coverage to favor of less regulation. guarantee against what you’re talking about. I’ll tell you when it gets to you as Presi- I still don’t have an easy answer for you dent, it’s when you really have to sort out on how we get these health care costs under regulation and then the welfare of a family. control. And we’re never going to do what I know there’s a lot of spotted owl jokes this gentleman is talking about, get this fis- around. But you go up to the Northwest; cal sanity going, until we control the manda- there are not many spotted owl jokes, be- tory programs that a President has no con- cause the question is: Do you protect this trol over now. I’m talking about the increases in health care, and those kinds of feathery little guy and go the extra mile if programs that are just going right off the that means throwing 30,000 families out of roof. work? I had to make a comedown the other But I’d take a look at our program on day on a decision saying no. We’ve got to health care reform in terms of making in- protect the environment. We’ve got to do surance available to all. It’s expensive; I better by the old growth forests. We’ve got think it’s long overdue, though. to help preserve these species. But if you’re Q. Mr. President, I represent 1,400 small- asking me to choose between throwing business people here in the State of Califor- 30,000 or 15,000 families out of work or nia that perform the smog check program. the owl, I’m going to have to give an awful We have the most proficient smog check lot of emphasis to the families. program in the United States, in fact in the When we get this economy growing and world. But yet, Mr. Reilly and EPA is things moving, then maybe you lean a little stressing a centralized program. I know that more towards protection. But I find in this you have supported a decentralized pro- job you’re always balancing these interests. gram, as it means jobs and income for It isn’t always black or white, and there was small-business people. How will you help a decision I cite because it’s a tough one. us in this situation if you’re reelected? Some of the people out here with their The President. Well, what we’re trying to signs I’m sure would be 100 percent on the do on a broad sense is to get Federal regu- other side. At least I have it in my con- lation under control. When you do that, you science here and down in Rio: Hey, Amer- run into the special interests, but we have ican family matters. And a lot of them are gotten to be too regulatory. hurting, and as President I am not going I headed a task force for President Reagan on deregulation, and we made some to go down here, sign something away, and inroads. We have now frozen new regula- then have on my conscience that a family tions at the Federal level unless it can be doesn’t have a job. shown that they’re absolutely essential for Q. Mr. President, we’ve proved here that, somebody’s health or something of that na- using high technology, you could produce ture. So I think in a broad sense, the answer a product of the highest grade, emission- is, you’ve got to ask a person: Do you favor free. It seems like the big boys that have more regulation? Do you favor more con- the money, like refineries and all that stuff, trol? Or, do you think that less regulation they tie things up with their money and would mean more jobs? I am in the second their power in politics, if you will. Because camp. I believe less regulation means more we’ve proved here that you can produce a jobs. product by spending the money with no I have an obligation at the Federal level emissions, at what point in our history of to protect worker safety, for example. But mankind are we going to allow the big boys we can overdo it. We can pass frivolous reg- to continue to pollute just because they ulations. I have an obligation to guarantee have the money and the power, if you will,

974 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / June 18 to hold off when we’ve proved that it can gional office or some area that is trying to be done now? act like they have the whole say and the The President. My being here, I hope, local entrepreneurs or local agencies don’t identifies with your technology, identifies have any say, that is not what I want. with the conservation ethic that I under- So in this case if there’s some specifics stand is prevalent here. You’d have to give I would be happy to take a look at it, be- me a specific to know where I would come cause I don’t believe any bureau in Wash- on down on adjusting some differences be- ington or Department in Washington has tween these interests. Again, I’m not a spe- a monopoly on how we do things. cialist; you could tell from my answer over The lady’s question on education comes here to this question on your industry. back to me, because for years we’ve had But I do think that when you have this every mandate coming out of some sub- technology and when you have this commit- committee back there inflicted on local ment to the environment, what the Govern- school boards. You want Federal money— ment should do is to be sure we’re not it’s your money—you want Federal money, standing in the way of your competing or you’ve got to comply with a bunch of stand- of your being able to sell your service or ards out of Washington. Our whole ap- sell your product. That gets back to this proach to education is different. Our whole man’s question on regulation, gets back to approach to deregulation is different. his on economic growth. So, I don’t know So, it would distress me if local initiative again the issue of what major company is on cleaning up smog, for example, was trying to cut down on what you’re doing, being overridden by needless, needless reg- but I want to be identified with those who ulation. Now, if they’ll argue, ‘‘Well, you’re are innovating and those who are conserva- not doing enough,’’ then we’d have to take tion-oriented and those who are doing their a look at it and see that that’s adjudicated. part to clean up our environment and make Q. I brought a letter to the President. us more efficient. And that’s what I think Maybe you can read it on the plane if you you’re doing. Q. Mr. President, thank you. I’m also one run out of—— of the people in that smog check program The President. I’ll read it. If I run out in California. And for some reason or other of light reading, I’ll take a look at it. the EPA seems to think that they’ve been [Laughter] No, I’d be glad to, sir. You try- mandated by the Clean Air Act to inject ing to get me out of here? [Laughter] This a monopoly into the smog check system and is fun. force people to go to a centralized monop- Q. Thank you, Mr. President. How would oly smog check deal. You commented on you explain the current situation of so many bureaucracy and the little guy and there are people that voted for you 4 years ago are a lot of us out there that feel like we’ve willing to vote for somebody like Ross been doing a hell of a job trying to clean Perot? Again, you’ve spent your whole life up the air and now the EPA seems to think in the public service, and he hasn’t. that their job is to put us out of business, Why—— and we don’t understand. The President. Let me tell you this: Thank The President. Well, I don’t want any God, I have not spent my whole life—I Government Agency to even have the rep- computed it the other day: 50 percent since utation for trying to put people out of busi- I got out of college in business, starting a ness; what we’re trying to do is put them business, running a small business, and in business. Now, the Clean Air Act was doing stuff in business; and 50 percent in historic environmental legislation. And yes, Government. I wear the business as a badge it’s caused some burdens in some areas, but of honor because I think it gives me some I still believe that it was proper. feel for what it means to run something. I believe our use of market incentives to But look, I understand the discontent try to meet these pollution standards is very, that’s out there. This economy has been in very important. But again, in this case, the dregs. But I will end with this state- please understand that if there’s some re- ment: I believe that when the whole record

975 June 18 / Administration of George Bush, 1992 is looked at, the economy is coming back, points behind the opponent. Got it on focus and when people take a look at things like by November, and I’ll be trying hard to do world peace, whether it’s a good thing that that. their kids go to sleep at night without the But when it comes to who is doing some- fear of nuclear weapons, when they take thing on this big painting, world peace, a look at what we’re talking about here and changes—right now you have a lot of revi- have done in terms of education goals, it sionists on the Desert Storm. It was a proud will be fine. But right now, I think a lot moment. The reason it was a proud moment of the problems that face me politically are is, our country took the lead in an historic saying, hey, everybody in ought to be out, coalition and stood up against aggression. and everybody out ought to be in. Now you’ve got a lot of people trying to But that’s not the way it works. I mean, tell us it was wrong, and it was right. So I will take the case to the American people that one’s not in focus, either. that these ideas and many more that we So I think the record—I’m not satisfied haven’t talked about are blocked by the that we’ve gotten enough done. But I’m Congress. I’ll say this to the American peo- going to say I want to be President for 4 ple: You’ve got to work with Congress one years and here’s why: I want to finish what way or another. We’ve tried it with Demo- we started on education. I want to do what crats controlling both Houses of the Con- I’ve said we’re going to do here on health gress, and that didn’t work. When Jimmy care, get that program through. I want to Carter went out, inflation was right through pass our anticrime, antinarcotics, pro-law- the roof, interest rates were high, and the and-order crime package. That alone is ‘‘misery index,’’ they called it, was terrible. enough reason to ask the people for their What we haven’t tried is where the Re- support for 4 years. publicans have both, control. And the rea- But right now, there’s a hurricane blowing son I say it ought to be tried is, I think out there. And all I can do is try to run what’s on people’s minds today, one of this country as best I can and then take them, is safety in their neighborhoods, this case forcefully. crime. I hear people coming out here on I’ve been here for, what, 30 minutes sit- these little bites on television, saying, ‘‘Well, ting on this stool, and you haven’t heard hey, we need a tough crime bill,’’ the same one negative comment against either of the people that vote against the tough crime two people that want my job. And you’re bill that we want to get passed back in not going to hear one until maybe the mid- Washington. Right today, the American peo- dle of August. [Laughter] But then you are, ple want to back the law enforcement com- because I know how to fight. I’m not going munity and want strong anticrime, to be their spear catcher for the rest of antinarcotic legislation. We have been trying this year; I can tell you that. to get it through the liberal leadership in I think Don’s trying to get you guys back the Congress for 3 years, and I’m going to to work here. take that case to the American people. Well, thank you very much for the oppor- But right now I don’t think it’s in focus. tunity and very good questions. You make I think what’s in focus is kind of a dis- Phil Donahue look like a piker out there. content. But I believe it’ll change, and I believe that our record will be—which it does include Clean Air Act, it does include child care legislation that gives the parents, rather than the Federal Government, the choice of where you have your children get cared for. It does include trying to get ahold Note: The President spoke at 1:33 p.m. at of this Federal deficit. So I think what hap- the Evergreen Environmental Services Oil pens is we go through this period now, and Refinery. Curt E. Morgan, chairman of the then it gets in focus. I would remind some board, Evergreen Oil, Inc., introduced the that 4 years ago to this very day I was 18 President.

976 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / June 18

Statement by Press Secretary Fitzwater on Creation of the Monterey Bay National Marine Sanctuary June 18, 1992

As outlined in his FY 1993 budget, the ceived on the impact statement, the notice President authorized the creation of the Na- of designation and the final regulations will tion’s largest marine sanctuary off Monte- be published in the Federal Register. rey, CA, and approved a strict management The President requested $7.289 million regime including a permanent ban on oil for the national marine sanctuaries program and gas development for the area, which in his fiscal year 1993 budget, an increase includes a wide variety of pristine habitats. of nearly 50 percent from the FY 1992 ap- The 5,312 square mile area proposed by propriated level of $5 million for the 10 the President was the largest option studied. sanctuaries in existence; $510,600 was spe- With modifications only to exclude one cifically identified in the budget increase for minor area of lower resource value, Monte- Monterey Bay Sanctuary’s first year of oper- rey Bay National Marine Sanctuary would ation. be the Nation’s largest, bigger than the The sanctuary is also home to the Na- State of Connecticut and larger than any tion’s most expansive kelp forests, which of the national parks in the lower 48 States, provide food and shelter for the thousands including Yosemite and Yellowstone. It con- of marine species which dwell there. The tains the largest underwater canyon in bay is the closest-to-shore deep ocean envi- North America and is home to an expanding ronment anywhere in the continental population of sea otters and a wide variety United States, straddles two major ecologi- of whales, porpoises, seals, fish, and sea cal regions, subtropical and temperate, and birds, including many endangered and provides a unique area for extensive ocean threatened species. research and education. The sanctuary will be overseen by the The Monterey Sanctuary will be the 11th Commerce Department’s National Oceanic in a network that spans from American and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA). Samoa to the Florida Keys and includes The Notice of Availability for the Monterey pristine coral reefs, the Civil War ironclad Bay National Marine Sanctuary Final Envi- U.S.S. Monitor, the Channel Islands, and ronmental Impact Statement/Management the Gulf of the Farallones, also off the coast Plan will appear in the Federal Register Fri- of California. With the addition of Monterey day, June 19, 1992. There is a 30-day public Bay, President Bush will have designated comment period, which closes July 20, three new sanctuaries, more than tripling 1992. After review of public comments re- the area protected under this program.

Nomination of Richard H. Solomon To Be United States Ambassador to the Philippines June 18, 1992

The President today announced his inten- Assistant Secretary of State for East Asian tion to nominate Richard H. Solomon, of and Pacific Affairs at the Department of Maryland, to be Ambassador of the United State. He also served at the State Depart- States of America to the Republic of the ment as Director of the Policy Planning Philippines. He would succeed Frank G. Staff, 1986–89. From 1976 to 1986, Dr. Sol- Wisner. omon served as head of the political science Since 1989, Dr. Solomon has served as department at the Rand Corp. in Santa

977 June 18 / Administration of George Bush, 1992

Monica, CA. He also served as a senior staff setts Institute of Technology (S.B., 1960; member for Asian Affairs with the National Ph.D., 1966). He was born June 19, 1937, Security Council at the White House, 1971– in Philadelphia, PA. Dr. Solomon is mar- 76. ried, has three children, and resides in Be- Dr. Solomon graduated from Massachu- thesda, MD.

Appointment of Mrs. Potter Stewart as United States Representative on the Executive Board of the United Nations Children’s Fund June 18, 1992

The President today announced his inten- with many organizations involved in youth, tion to appoint Mrs. Potter Stewart, of the human needs, and international affairs. Mrs. District of Columbia, to be the Representa- Stewart has also served as a researcher for tive of the United States of America on the Time magazine and Life magazine, 1941– Executive Board of the United Nations 43. Children’s Fund. She would succeed Peter Mrs. Stewart was born June 3, 1919. She B. Teeley. currently resides in Washington, DC. Mrs. Stewart has served as a volunteer

Remarks and a Question-and-Answer Session With the Industrial League of Orange County in Irvine, California June 19, 1992

The President. Thank you, Reed, very States Senate. And we need their leadership much. Please be seated. I was riding over and support. here today with Senator John Seymour, our Now, Todd Nicholson and everyone from outstanding Senator in Washington who’s the Industrial League, the Orange County fighting a good battle for everything those Forum, the many leaders of the local cham- of us interested in business believe in, and bers of commerce who helped with this he told me I was walking into the most event, my sincere gratitude to you. You had influential group of people in Orange Coun- one week, and look at this, it’s unbelievable. ty. I want to just say to Reed Royalty, thank I’m glad to be here with so many business- you, sir. To the Mayor, Sally Sheridan, I’m men and businesswomen. Forty years ago pleased to be back on her turf. I want to I did start a business and that made me, salute the other Orange County mayors. I think, have some sensitivity and under- And I would single out once again my standing what it means to take risks, to meet good friend Senator Seymour, who’s out a payroll, and to add to the productivity here some place. And let me just say this of this great country. is supposedly nonpolitical, but I want to see I’m proud to work with three solid, strong him return to the United States Senate; let’s leaders, not only for Orange County but for get it right up front. While we’re at it, if this country. Two of them are here, and we are going to move the growth and op- I’m talking about Members of the House. portunity agenda forward, we must select My dear friend ‘‘B–1’’ Bob Dornan is not Bruce Herschensohn, and so permit me yet here, regrettably, but he’s a good friend, another partisan plug. Both of them have and he’s a champion of American values. earned it, deserve it, being in the United But Chris Cox is with us, and he

978 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / June 19 embodies the entrepreneurial spirit here people and the waving. We took him out today, and he’s pushing great new ideas like on the Truman Balcony just before he left. turbo-enterprise zones. I salute him. And I said, ‘‘I want you to see how a President Dana Rohrabacher I’m told is here—I’m spends some time,’’ because we had the having a little trouble with the lights—but Presidential scholars out there on the lawn. anyway, he is a stalwart advocate of reform, No sooner do we get to the balcony and too, fresh off his surfboard. [Laughter] all of them were facing the other way. I All three of these Congressmen—the really wanted him just to see the event. The point I want to make is this: All three of next thing I know, he was waving so vigor- them stood solidly with me in the fight to ously they all left the event, turned around, do what the American people want, to pass and came up, and he was greeting them a balanced budget amendment to the Con- like a long-lost brother. This guy really has stitution. And we are not going to give up a flair for public opinion, I’ll tell you. But that fight. That will discipline the executive it says something. He was elected democrat- branch, and it will discipline the United ically. He came here as the first democrat- States Congress. And it will facilitate the ically elected leader of Russia, and the day when we can get done what the Amer- American people understood that and gave ican people want and are properly demand- him a warm welcome. ing: the elimination of these deficits that But now with the cold war behind us, are mortgaging the future of our children. we have that freedom to focus more re- Today I want to talk about our Nation’s sources and more talent on the concerns transition into the post-cold-war era and that trouble us at home. And with the new what this means to a competitive economy. partnership of peace we forged with Russia, Three days ago I met there at the White we have the chance to expand trade, and House with Russia’s freely elected Presi- that means then creating jobs and opportu- dent, Boris Yeltsin. It was indeed an historic nities for Americans that will benefit both meeting. We rejoiced at the new breeze of of our nations in the process. freedom that has swept the entire globe, scattering the last dust of that grim totali- While we look ahead to these exciting tarianism. And we spoke of the dreams that new horizons, there is one critical element we share for our people, the American peo- that we must never forget: The cold war ple, the people of Russia. It really was an is over, but we still need a strong deterrent. extraordinary moment in history. Our requirements are changing, but the We stood next to each other in the Rose need will never disappear. Look at the Garden and together announced the most threat posed by global instabilities, by ter- sweeping nuclear arms cuts in history, re- rorists, by renegade regimes looking to get ductions far deeper than we could have control of sophisticated weapons. We must hoped for even 6 months ago. And in the continue to invest in military R&D, and we process we will eliminate the most desta- will. bilizing weapons of all, those that terrify And in order to keep the peace, I make mankind the most, those multiple-warhead you this pledge: As long as I am President ICBM’s. Russia will eliminate all 308 of of the United States, I guarantee you that those giant ICBM’s, those SS–18’s which our country will remain the strongest coun- alone carry more than 3,000 warheads. Each try on the face of the Earth. We owe that one of those warheads aimed at the United to our children. Who knows where the next States, each one of them is more than 10 difficulties will crop up. And it’s only the times more powerful than the bomb United States, only our country, that can dropped on Hiroshima. That means that you lead for democracy and freedom. and I will no longer fear for our children The new challenges we face in the post- and grandchildren the threat of nuclear war cold-war go beyond world security. There that plagued us all for 40 years. are still pioneer days ahead. At one point I know people in Orange County love pol- in the movie ‘‘Awakenings,’’ a fellow who’s itics, but I wish you could have seen Boris been asleep for decades finally wakes up Yeltsin at work with the crowds and the and has the whole world in front of him.

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When his doctor asks him what he wants we’ve seen during the last year, this burden to do that day, his face breaks into a huge is no longer justified. And today, I am di- grin, and he shouts, ‘‘Everything!’’ That is recting my Secretary of Defense to take the spirit that we need to call up right now, what actions he can to eliminate these fees. that purely American belief that America’s I will continue fighting for American jobs future knows no limits. by encouraging trade and opening markets I am tired of all the pessimists in this abroad. You know how vital that is since political year telling us what is wrong with America is the world’s leading exporting na- the United States of America. I’m tired of tion. And California leads America, account- it. The fact is we’re entering a different eco- ing for one of every 8 U.S. export dollars, nomic world than the one we grew up in. one out of every 8 to California. Just last William Jennings Bryan captured the bold year, a 13-percent increase over 1990, this spirit which will lead us to success when State exported over $50 billion in goods, he said, ‘‘Destiny is not a matter of chance; it’s a matter of choice. It’s not a thing to creating jobs up and down this golden coast. be waited for; it’s a thing to be achieved.’’ I will keep pushing for the North American The world economy of the 21st century will free trade agreement. And some say be a new age of American competition in NAFTA will cost jobs, and they are dead a fiercely challenging global marketplace. wrong. It will lower trade barriers, and it And we simply have to make some changes will establish one of the biggest and richest if we expect to compete. markets in the world with the potential of First, we have to realize the intensified creating hundreds of thousands of jobs. need for sophisticated, well-educated work- For the long term, Washington must have ers. The worldwide high-tech explosion will the courage to make hard choices. The Fed- leave us behind unless we literally reinvent eral Government is too big, and it spends American education, make our schools the too much. It is time that the Congress woke best in the world, to turn out the best pre- up and listened to the American people. pared workers in this world. To do this, let’s Most Americans believe as I do that the borrow a page from business. I want to only way to discipline both the executive bring competition into our schools through branch and the Congress is a constitutional ideas like school choice. Parents should amendment to balance the Federal budget. have the right to choose their children’s For years I’ve called for just such an schools. And beyond that, I’ll use every re- amendment because to ensure long-term source I can to pave our way into the fu- economic growth, we must get the Federal ture. spending under control. Our national technology initiative brings Now, I have a detailed plan before the Government officials together with private businesses to let them know what Govern- Congress right now. It is up there. I ment can offer in technology. This moves brought along a copy just to show it to you. new discoveries out of the Federal labora- You might not have read much about it in tories into the marketplace to save existing this strange year out there. But the way it jobs and create new jobs. does it is the only way that the budget can Today, for example, I’m announcing an be brought under control, and that is to important regulatory change that will help control the growth of the mandatory pro- many companies with defense-related busi- grams. And it does it without raising taxes nesses make the transition to the post-cold- on the American people or on American war era. One unnecessary obstacle has been business. Here it is in considerable detail. what they call the recoupment fee or tax, But we need, again, the discipline and the if you will, that DOD charges on military sense of urgency that the balanced budget and commercial products sold to customers amendment will bring. And while I’m at it, other than the U.S. Government. These fees I would like to ask the American people hurt American workers by making it more this fall to give me what 43 Governors have, difficult for them to compete for business the line-item veto, and let the President here and abroad. Given the historic changes have a shot at getting spending under

980 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / June 19 control. nies, the more we understand why they’re Nationally, our economy is recovering. thriving. It’s because they are able to adapt Some good fundamentals are in place: low and they’re at the cutting edge of the post- interest rates, low inflation, exports are cold-war era, transforming this world into strong. But in California, as everyone in this a productive peace. Defense conversion room knows, it is a challenging time. It’s puts Orange County back in the business been a tough time. But you’ve risen to the of job creation, a skill that you mastered challenge before. In particular, as the De- in the eighties with the high-tech start-ups fense Department downsizes, you face that made this area famous. And now you’re adapting from a military to a competitive redefining it for the nineties. Here, job cre- civilian market. It’s tough for companies and ation doesn’t mean job training. Your work- employees, but remember: Our Nation’s ers are already the most qualified in our economy is the most productive in the labor force. What they need is opportunity. world. Together, we’re going to use our And if we give a budding entrepreneur a strengths to bring back growth and oppor- chance, he’ll bring training, experience, and tunity right here to Orange County. old-fashioned American hunger to his own For 200 years, our prosperity has sprung business and create jobs for dozens, maybe from our ability to innovate, to create, to even hundreds of fellow workers. change as the world changes. And now is Venture capital regrettably has dried up. your time to shape your own identity in an And so we must take action to get it flowing evolving economy. That’s the heart of what again. And so I am going to keep pushing we call entrepreneurial capitalism, a heart Congress to slash the capital gains tax. They that I still hear beating in Southern Califor- can call it a tax break for the rich, and I nia. This area is like an R&D lab for the call it job opportunity for those that need whole country. jobs and need work. I’m going to keep All around us are marvelous examples of pushing the Congress to make the research the technological transition from the cold and experimentation tax credit permanent. war to the era of global economic competi- As a Nation, this is how we must support tion. We will depend upon companies like our risk-takers, for their vision of today will many in Orange County who still develop be our future of tomorrow. We must be- and use technology that was begun for de- queath to the next generation the legacies fense. I’ve seen examples here of some re- that define our future: strong families, good markably creative thinking. During the cold jobs, and world peace. As a Nation, we will war, the military funded the development chart a course to guide America into the of many new manufacturing techniques. new century where confidence and self-reli- And now you’re demonstrating astounding ance produce greatness. I believe we’re innovation by turning systems developed for going to find that greatness. national defense towards the commercial I am delighted to be here. I appreciate market, worldwide, I might add. this marvelous turnout and this warm wel- Right here, Hughes Aircraft is applying come. Thank you all very much. And may the military’s global positioning satellite sys- God bless the United States of America. tem to a new procedure controlling shipping Thank you very much. traffic along our coastal waters. McDonnell Be glad to take some questions out there. Douglas, their SDIO-funded Delta Clipper Moderator. The President has graciously program will dramatically reduce the costs agreed to answer some of your questions of reaching into orbit. This will ensure that for a few minutes. So what questions do we lead the world’s commercial aerospace you have? industry. Rockwell is developing ways of The President. You’ve got to yell so I can using SDI’s high-tech offshoots to give us hear you. Yes, ma’am? smart cars and smart freeways and breaking gridlock on our highways. Now, that’s got to be good news for Southern California. To them I say: Hurry up. Multilateral Trade Negotiations The more closely we look at these compa- Q. [Inaudible]

981 June 19 / Administration of George Bush, 1992

The President. The question is, how do The Justice Department advises me that the we move forward the GATT, or what’s the President does not have the power that I opportunity for it. As you know, the major wish he had. So I also have to be some- stumbling block to a successful conclusion what—well, I have to be very diligent in in the Uruguay round has been agriculture. safeguarding the Presidency. But I don’t be- We have had difficulties with the EC, par- lieve that that power exists, but if I can ticularly on agriculture. We are pushing to get an opinion from Justice, on whom I de- get this done, certainly to get it all but done pend for these legal matters, to say, okay, before I go to Munich for the G–7 meet- it’s all right on this particular piece of legis- ings. lation for some reason, then I’d like to try This woman has put her finger on some- it because I really believe the President thing that is vital, not just for the American should have it. economy but to Third World economies all I am not told by our experts that that over the world: the knocking down of these inherent power lies in the Presidency. I barriers. Because it is my belief that we don’t know that Bob Dole feels that it does, can compete with anybody provided the either. What I think he’d like to find is what playing field is level. So we’re going to keep I’d like to find, is a case to test it without on. The stumbling block is agriculture. We doing violence to the protection of the of- still have some property rights differences. fice. So we’re going to keep pushing. But I believe we’ll get a deal. In the meantime, though, we have tried The question is, how soon. We have the rescission route. What I’d like to see pushed on it. We’ve had meetings recently is a repeal of the impoundment bills that with the EC ministers. I am now pressing were put into effect in the seventies which for an EC ministerial before the Munich really removes from the President the right summit. I can’t predict to you that GATT to control spending. And I think we need will be concluded before the G–7 meeting that, particularly when we’re operating at in Munich, but I am hopeful that then or these big deficits. But that’s the way I’m shortly thereafter we will finally conclude approaching it, and I hope like heck we a GATT deal. It is in our interest. There’s can find a case to test this in the courts, a lot of special interest in various categories one that my top attorney at Justice, Attor- that are going to fight whatever agreement ney General, says is okay to do. we get, but no longer should we be a pro- Who’s next? Yes, ma’am. tected society. We want to be the most competitive and the most productive soci- Federal Industrial Policy ety, and the way to do that, I think, is to knock down the barriers to our trade and Q. I just returned from a study trip to just watch us move. Japan and Singapore, and we met with some And so, we’ll keep pushing on it. You of the top officials of companies and also want to put this in terms of benefiting the the government. In both cases the govern- Third World, incidentally, I can’t think of ment really plays an active role in helping any action that would help them more than technology-based companies focus their freer and fairer trade. The best answer is R&D, focus their technology directions and, not these ever-increasing aid programs but as a result, position Japan and Singapore trade. And that’s all tied up in GATT. So to be very, very strong players in the tech- we’ll keep working on it. And we keep plug- nology-based business. It seems to be—[in- ging away on knocking down the agricul- audible]—somewhat in the United States in tural barriers that really have been holding terms of that policy. What are you going up the GATT. to do? Yes, sir. The President. We spend $90 billion in the United States in the Government level Budget Rescissions on research and development, $90 billion. Q. [Inaudible] What we don’t do—and you’re correct, The President. We’ve tried that on the some of the Asian countries do do—is tar- rescission. And we’ve sent them up there. get. I do not believe in what is known as

982 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / June 19 industrial policy where the Government de- creation of new businesses. I understand cides which businesses are winners and your point, but I would much prefer to see which businesses are losers. I don’t believe it broader. in that. I came out of a business background. I Russia and Yugoslavia believe that the market should set these goals and targets, not the Government. But Q. Mr. President, when President Yeltsin we do have an enormous bunch of research was here, did you discuss with him the situ- that will benefit certain industries. And that ation in Yugoslavia? Are there constructive is correct because what we’ve done is use acts that he can take to help that situation that in terms of Government service, and improve? now what we’re saying is let’s open up this The President. We did discuss Yugoslavia lab technology and let it spill forth into the at length. You may remember a boat trip private sector. So some industries will bene- out of Annapolis on the Severn that I took fit, but I am going to stop short of an indus- with him. That was billed as R&R, but I trial policy. I am going to stop short of the think it was probably the most fascinating targeting that, for example, MITI—I think session that I had with him in terms of a you’re probably referring to the MITI min- give-and-take on specific issues. I’ll get to ister, what those officials do in Japan. It your question in a sec, but I just wanted has worked hardship on some of our busi- to share with you what we were talking nesses, but I don’t think that makes the pol- about out there because we started with icy correct. what the French called a tour d’horizon, but we’re talking about just a wide review Capital Gains Tax of policies as it affects the new states in Q. I’d like to see a lower capital gains the former Soviet Union. It was fascinating tax rate, not across the board, that would hearing him discuss what’s going to happen benefit speculators in real estate and stocks; in Azerbaijan or Armenia or how they’re I’d like to see a lower capital gains tax only going to treat the problems of Ukraine. It on securities newly issued by companies, was just a marvelous experience, and I gave large or small, equity or debt. This would him the U.S. view on this thing. reduce their need for bank loans, allow We did talk about Yugoslavia. In answer them to raise capital at a more advantageous to your question, I do not believe that the rate, expand facilities, employ more people, Soviets have any special role anymore. and compete better in the world market- There was a time when Yugoslavia, and I place. think that’s what you’re referring to, really The President. I can understand that, and was almost a satellite to some degree, less I’d rather have that than nothing. But I’d so than some of Eastern Europe, but a sat- rather have the broader application to cap- ellite of the Soviet Union. That has been ital gains, and let me give you a good reason dissipated now, and Russia doesn’t want the as it relates to Los Angeles. Peter responsibility to deliver the Serbs, for exam- Ueberroth is undertaking an assignment to ple. try to bring private business into the heavily I think the role for them is in the United impacted urban areas. It is his belief, and Nations. I think the role for Russia is as I agree with him, that if we can get a broad a veto-holding member of the United Na- elimination in these areas of capital gains tions family to go along with the common that that would serve as a magnet to entre- objectives of getting a cease-fire, of having preneurs to start new businesses. the U.N. keep the peace, of helping with So what you suggest may be the way that humanitarian aid which we simply have got it evolves in the legislative process, but I to do. But I don’t see them having a special would prefer to do what happened under assignment, although in fairness, he did say the Steiger amendment in 1978, and that that they would like to be helpful. But I is have a broader across-the-board reduction don’t think that their history gives them, of capital gains because I really believe he doesn’t feel, the special leverage that we that’s what it’s going to take to stimulate might think just looking back a year or two.

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Aid to Russia trying to get an increased quota for the IMF Q. Mr. President, what is your personal through our Congress. I am committed to assessment of what is going on in Russia the ‘‘FREEDOM Support Act,’’ and I am right now? We’ve heard a lot about the challenging the Congress to move on this hardships there, and it seems that they are as an insurance policy for the people of the having a hard time. And, secondly, is the United States. United States going to give Russia the sup- And yes, the demands are tough at home. port it needs to get its act together? A lot of people don’t understand it, but The President. What is going on there once in a while a President has to be out right now is indeed a manifestation of hard- front for what is right. I don’t want to have ship. Yeltsin, I am convinced, really believes on my conscience missing this chance to in democracy. I am convinced of that. It solidify the democratic experience, the wasn’t just the courage that he showed move to a market economy. So I’m urging standing on the tank to put down the coup, the Congress to move, hopefully as expedi- but it was more than that. He has now put tiously as next week, to support the ‘‘FREE- into effect some changes that really, really DOM Support Act’’ because I believe it’s adversely impacts for the short run the lives in our interest. This isn’t in the interest just of many of the people in Russia. of Russia. I’ve got to see what’s in the best interest of the United States of America. And so they’re going through extraor- I believe that if we go forward with the dinarily tough times. He warns things can ‘‘FREEDOM Support Act’’ we will be get more difficult, things can get tougher. doing just that, doing what’s best for our He is absolutely convinced that the path for country and for the generations to come, prosperity lies through these fundamental not just in peace and prosperity and democ- reforms that lead to the convertibility of the racy but in markets and in opportunity, in- ruble, for example; that leads to fairer trade; vestment opportunity. that invites investment in partnership. Therein lies tremendous potential for the United States, jobs and investment from Job Opportunities for Youth America. Jobs in American investment and Q. Mr. President, do you believe that investment from America, it’s there when starting a major program of work projects you look at the tremendous potential of to put youth to work would be a good idea Russia. at this time? But it is my view that we must not miss The President. We think that we’ve de- this opportunity to help them. We have signed a good program. I will sign soon leg- spent trillions of dollars standing up against islation across the country to add to the the Communist menace, and it was proper summer job program $500 million. I believe that we do that. We are now the undisputed that what we’ve done in terms of helping leader of the world because we did it, and the cities and through our SBA and FEMA Russia is free and democratic, going response to what happened in Los Angeles, through some of the darndest democratic coupled with our what is called a ‘‘Weed gymnastics you’ve ever seen, challenging and Seed’’ initiative, weed out the criminals each other and fighting each other in the and then seed the urban areas with enter- congress. Yeltsin’s got problems worse than prise, is the approach we ought to take. I do with the Congress. I mean, this guy’s I would stop short of yet a new federally got real problems over there. But we want run bureaucracy to create jobs outside of to help them. We want to pass the ‘‘FREE- the private sector. I really believe that jobs DOM Support Act’’ which unloosens tre- with dignity in the private sector is not only mendous amounts of money from the IFI’s, help short-run but is a longer run answer international financial institutions, particu- to the problems, whereas the Government larly the IMF and the World Bank. The programs start off well-intentioned and U.S. contribution in cash is substantial but sometimes have pretty good short-run ef- not all that substantial; it’s in the hundreds fects, but in the long run do not provide of millions, not in the billions. But we are the kind of jobs that good job training and

984 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / June 19 entrepreneurship and capital gains, bringing I stood up against a civil rights bill that people to the cities, can provide. And so I felt would result in quotas. I don’t believe I am not in favor of a broad Government in quotas. We passed a civil rights bill that program, although I am strongly supporting I can say does not result in quotas and takes aid that I have mentioned for the cities a step towards the elimination of discrimina- largely in terms of the summer job program. tion in the workplace. We passed under our Well, here’s the last one, and then I administration the ADA, which deals with promise to go peacefully and let you all eat people with disabilities. That is forward- or leave or whatever is next for you. I heard looking legislation. you were having broccoli, so I’m out of My point is, I’m not sure that more legis- here. [Laughter] Now, what’s next? lation is required. I do think more brotherhood is required; more compassion is re- Racial Harmony quired. I have tried very hard as President Q. Mr. President, Bob Johnson, from to speak out against discrimination, and I Washington, DC. What’s your message to will continue to do so because we are one black and white Americans to help bring Nation. We’re one Nation under God, and about racial harmony? we ought never to forget it. The President. That’s a good question, Thank you all very, very much. We’re out Bob, and the answer is that the President of here. must speak out at every opportunity, whether it relates to problems in the cities or Note: The President spoke at 12:26 p.m. at whether it relates to the country in general, the Hyatt Regency Irvine. In his remarks, for racial harmony against discrimination of he referred to Reed Royalty and Todd Nich- any kind. In addition to that, I point with olson, president and executive director of considerable pride to legislation that some the league, and Peter Ueberroth, chairman consider controversial. of the Rebuild L.A. Committee.

Statement on Signing the Los Padres Condor Range and River Protection Act June 19, 1992

I am pleased to sign into law H.R. 2556, —Much of this area includes habitat for the ‘‘Los Padres Condor Range and River the nearly extinct California condor and Protection Act.’’ This Act designates seven preservation of this habitat is critical to new wilderness areas, encompassing condor recovery efforts. 400,450 acres, within the Los Padres Na- —Nearly half of the Los Padres National tional Forest in California as components Forest is now designated for permanent of the National Wilderness Preservation protection under the Wilderness Act, System, more than doubling the wilderness one of the highest percentages of any acreage set aside within the Los Padres Na- national forest in the country. tional Forest. The Act also designates seg- —It increases by 10 percent the amount ments of three rivers within the National of national forest lands in California Forest, totaling 84 miles, as components of that are protected under the Wilderness the National Wild and Scenic Rivers Sys- tem. Act. By signing this bill into law, we further —It protects segments of Sespe Creek the protection of unique and sensitive lands and the Sisquoc and Big Sur Rivers as within the National Forest System. Our ac- wild, free-flowing rivers under the Wild tion here today is important for several rea- and Scenic Rivers System. sons:

985 June 19 / Administration of George Bush, 1992

—It provides for wild and scenic river ing for parks, wildlife, and outdoor recre- studies on an additional 110 miles of ation and have tripled funds to States under rivers within the National Forest the Land and Water Conservation Fund. boundary, a few of the only free-flowing Moreover, the length of rivers designated streams left in southern California. as wild and scenic has increased from 868 Wilderness designation of these areas to 9,463 miles over the past 20 years. Fi- means that they will be managed to pre- nally, since 1982, the amount of lands pro- serve their unique and natural character. By tected as part of the National Wilderness signing this bill into law, we enhance the Preservation System has averaged in excess diversity and beauty of the Nation’s lands of 1.5 million acres per year. set aside for the enjoyment of both present and future generations of Americans as part GEORGE BUSH of the National Wilderness Preservation and the National Wild and Scenic Rivers Sys- The White House, tems. June 19, 1992. As President I remain deeply committed to preserving our valuable natural resources. Note: H.R. 2556, approved June 19, was as- Since 1989, my budgets have doubled fund- signed Public Law No. 102–301.

Message to the Senate Transmitting a Protocol to the Strategic Arms Reduction Treaty June 19, 1992

To the Senate of the United States: the START Treaty. These documents are I am transmitting herewith, for the advice letters containing legally binding commit- and consent of the Senate to ratification, ments from the heads of state of the Repub- the Protocol to the Treaty Between the lic of Byelarus, the Republic of Kazakhstan, United States of America and the Union and Ukraine concerning the removal of nu- of Soviet Socialist Republics on the Reduc- clear weapons and strategic offensive arms tion and Limitation of Strategic Offensive from their territories. Although not submit- Arms (the Protocol) signed at Lisbon, Por- ted for the advice and consent of the Senate tugal, on May 23, 1992. The Protocol is an to ratification, these documents are relevant integral part of the Treaty Between the to the consideration of the START Treaty United States of America and the Union by the Senate. No new U.S. security assur- of Soviet Socialist Republics on the Reduc- ance or guarantees—beyond the assurances tion and Limitation of Strategic Offensive previously extended to all nonnuclear-weap- Arms (the START Treaty), which I trans- on States Parties to the Non-Proliferation mitted for the advice and consent of the Treaty—are associated with any of these let- Senate to ratification on November 25, ters. 1991. The Protocol is designed to enable The START Treaty represents a nearly implementation of the START Treaty in the decade-long effort by the United States and new international situation following the dis- the former Soviet Union to address the na- solution of the Soviet Union. The Protocol ture and magnitude of the threat that strate- constitutes an amendment to the START gic nuclear weapons pose to both countries Treaty, and I therefore request that it be and to the world in general. As I indicated considered along with the START Treaty in transmitting that Treaty to the Senate, for advice and consent to ratification. the United States had several objectives in I also transmit for the information of the the START negotiations. First, we consist- Senate documents that are associated with, ently held the view that the START Treaty but not integral parts of, the Protocol or must enhance stability in times of

986 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / June 19 crisis. Second, we sought an agreement that Treaty as nonnuclear-weapon States Parties did not simply limit strategic arms, but that in the shortest possible time. In addition, reduced them significantly below current the letters transmitted with the Protocol le- levels. Third, we sought a treaty that would gally obligate these three states to eliminate allow equality of U.S. strategic forces rel- all nuclear weapons and all strategic offen- ative to those of the former Soviet Union. sive arms located on their territories within Fourth, we sought an agreement that would 7 years following the date of entry into force be effectively verifiable. And, finally, the of the START Treaty. The Protocol and the United States placed great emphasis during associated letters thus further one of our the negotiations in seeking an agreement most fundamental non-proliferation objec- that would be supported by the American tives—that the number of nuclear-weapon and allied publics. states shall not be increased. Together with I was fully convinced in 1991 and I re- the START Treaty, the Protocol helps en- main fully convinced that the START Treaty sure that nuclear weapons will not be used achieves these objectives. In addition, the in the future. Protocol transmitted herewith has allowed The START Treaty serves the interest of us to achieve another important objective: the United States and represents an impor- ensuring that only one state emerging from tant step in the stabilization of the strategic the former Soviet Union will have nuclear nuclear balance. With the addition of the weapons. To gain the benefits of START Protocol, the START Treaty can be imple- in the new international situation following mented in a manner consistent with the the demise of the Soviet Union, it is nec- changed political circumstances following essary that Byelarus, Kazakhstan, Russia, the demise of the Soviet Union and in a and Ukraine—the four former Soviet repub- manner that achieves important non-pro- lics within whose territory all strategic of- liferation goals. I therefore urge the Senate fensive arms are based and all declared to give prompt and favorable consideration START-related facilities are located—be le- to the START Treaty, including its Annexes, gally bound by the START Treaty. The Pro- Protocols, Memorandum of Understanding, tocol accomplishes this, while recognizing and this new Protocol, and to give advice the sovereign and independent status of and consent to its ratification. each of these four states. GEORGE BUSH Of equal importance, the Protocol obli- gates Byelarus, Kazakhstan, and Ukraine to The White House adhere to the Nuclear Non-Proliferation June 19, 1992.

Nomination of William Harrison Courtney To Be United States Ambassador to Kazakhstan June 19, 1992

The President today announced his inten- ecutive Secretary for the National Security tion to nominate William Harrison Council, 1987. From 1984 to 1986, he was Courtney, of West Virginia, to be Ambas- Special Assistant to the Under Secretary of sador of the United States of America to State for Political Affairs at the Department Kazakhstan. This is a new position. of State, and Deputy Director of the Office Dr. Courtney currently serves as the of Strategic Nuclear Policy in the Bureau Charge´ d’Affaires in Kazakhstan. Prior to of Politico-Military Affairs, 1983–84. this he was Deputy United States Nego- Dr. Courtney graduated from West Vir- tiator for the U.S.-Soviet Defense and Space ginia University (B.A., 1966) and Brown Talks, United States Mission in Geneva, Switzerland. Dr. Courtney was Deputy Ex-

987 June 19 / Administration of George Bush, 1992

University (Ph.D., 1980). He was born July and has two children. 18, 1944, in Baltimore, MD. He is married

Nomination of Patricia Diaz Dennis To Be an Assistant Secretary of State June 19, 1992

The President today announced his inten- served on the National Labor Relations tion to nominate Patricia Diaz Dennis, of Board from 1983 to 1986. Prior to that ap- Virginia, to be Assistant Secretary of State pointment Ms. Dennis served as an attorney for Human Rights and Humanitarian Af- with the American Broadcasting Company fairs. She would succeed Richard Schifter. in Hollywood, CA, 1978–83. Since 1991 Ms. Dennis has served as vice Ms. Dennis graduated from the Univer- president for Government affairs for Sprint sity of California in Los Angeles (A.B., in Washington, DC. She has served as part- 1970) and Loyola University of Los Angeles ner and chair of the communications section School of Law (J.D., 1973). She was born of the law firm of Jones, Day, Reavis & October 2, 1946, in Santa Rita, NM. Ms. Pogue, 1989–91. From 1986 to 1989, she Dennis is married, has three children, and served as Commissioner of the Federal resides in McLean, VA. Communications Commission. She also

Appointment of Edward J. Melanson, Jr., for the Personal Rank of Ambassador While Serving as Chief Negotiator for Defense and Space June 19, 1992

The President today announced his inten- 1985–88. He served at the Department of tion to appoint Edward J. Melanson, Jr., of Defense as Assistant for International Space Virginia, to be accorded the personal rank Policy, 1982–85; Assistant for International of Ambassador in his capacity as Chief Ne- Intelligence Policy, 1979–82; Defense Rep- gotiator for Defense and Space. resentative to the U.S.–U.S.S.R. Anti-Sat- Since 1991 Mr. Melanson has served as ellite Negotiations, 1978–79; and Assistant Deputy Negotiator for Defense and Space for International Negotiations Policy, 1975– for the U.S. Delegation to the Nuclear and 78. Space Arms Negotiations in Geneva, Swit- Mr. Melanson graduated from Tufts Uni- zerland. From 1989 to 1991, he served as versity (B.A., 1967) and George Washington Assistant for National Security in the Office University (M.S., 1972). He served in the of Presidential Personnel at the White U.S. Navy, 1957–88. He was born Decem- House. Mr. Melanson served as senior de- ber 14, 1935, in Stoneham, MA. Mr. fense adviser for the United States Delega- Melanson is married, has two children, and tion for the Nuclear and Space Arms Nego- resides in Springfield, VA. tiations with the Soviet Union in Geneva,

988 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / June 20

Nomination of John Stern Wolf To Be United States Ambassador to Malaysia June 19, 1992

The President today announced his inten- Mr. Wolf has also served as Political Coun- tion to nominate John Stern Wolf, of Mary- selor at the American Embassy in land, a Minister-Counselor in the Senior Islamabad, Pakistan, 1984–87; special assist- Foreign Service, to be Ambassador of the ant to the Under Secretary of State for United States of America to Malaysia. He Science and Technology at the State De- would succeed Paul Matthews Cleveland. partment, 1981–84; and financial economist Since 1989 Mr. Wolf has served as Prin- in the Bureau of Economic and Business cipal Deputy Assistant Secretary of State for Affairs, 1979–81. International Organization Affairs at the Mr. Wolf graduated from Dartmouth Col- Department of State. He has also served lege (B.A., 1970) and Princeton University at the Department of State as executive assistant to the Under Secretary of State for Woodrow Wilson School (mid-career fellow, Political Affairs, 1988–89; and as Office Di- 1978–79). He was born September 12, rector of Regional and Multilateral Force 1948, in Philadelphia, PA. Mr. Wolf is mar- and Observers Affairs in the Bureau of Near ried, has two children, and resides in Be- Eastern and South Asian Affairs, 1987–88. thesda, MD.

Remarks to the Howard Jarvis Taxpayers Association in Universal City, California June 20, 1992

Thank you very much. And Pete, thank an alternative air zone. you, Governor Wilson, for that introduction. May I congratulate, on his primary win, And let me just say at the outset of these one who really stands with you on principle, remarks how much I respect Pete Wilson. Bruce Herschensohn, who will make a great Here he is, with the economy obviously not United States Senator. Speaking of Bruce doing well in California, but taking a tre- and what he stands for, I will simply say mendously courageous position, trying to it’s a shame that I don’t have time to tour whip that legislature in line and saying the the Universal Studio. But if I want to see way to solve our fiscal problems is by get- behind-the-scenes tricks or outrageous fan- ting spending down, not taxes up. And we tasy, I don’t have to visit Hollywood— all deserve a big vote of thanks for him. [laughter]—I can watch the Congress try Let me also extend a thank you to our to deal with the budget of the United States host—he and the directors and others of America. here—but to our host today, Joel Fox, who is the president of the Howard Jarvis Tax- And may I say, on a very sincere personal payers Association. If you want a good lead- note, what a pleasure it is to see Estelle Jar- er, get a strong man, get somebody in there vis. It’s a special privilege to be with you that’s going to take the positions he did and and the members of the association. And has taken. We respect him, and I thank him Estelle, your late husband really was a true for this morning’s hospitality. pioneer. In the Utah mining town where he And to each and every one of you, I grew up, he learned from his parents to love apologize for being a little late. The weather freedom, to take on responsibility, to dream got us, and we’ve been orbiting around out dreams as big as the desert horizon. His po- there. We’ve just landed, but we landed in litical credo was simple and yet pro-

989 June 20 / Administration of George Bush, 1992 found. He said, ‘‘Our freedom depends on that Howard Jarvis made his battle cry: I four words: Government must be limited.’’ am mad as hell. Here in California 14 years ago, Howard Maybe you’re like millions of other Amer- Jarvis won that famous victory, obviously as- icans. You shop at K-Mart. You go to Carl’s sisted and helped by everybody here, that Jr. You work to get your kids through school tax limitation plan called Proposition 13. He and pay off a mortgage. And you know it’s fired the first shot in what later became not only your right, it is your duty to your known as the Reagan revolution. And we’re family to fight high taxes and Government still feeling the reverberations today as we waste. And when liberal elitists ridicule you fight to expand freedom and hold back un- and say we have social problems because necessary burdens of Government. And it of you, because you’re greedy, well, natu- couldn’t be more fitting that we meet this rally, you stand up and fight back. week, as Joel pointed out, just 2 days after Our fighting spirit has brought us to a the historic United States Supreme Court turning point. We’re on the threshold of decision upholding Proposition 13. This was something big. And already we’re rolling another tremendous victory for the rights back needless restrictions on innovation and of the taxpayer and the legacy of the late, job creation through my moratorium on great Howard Jarvis. new Federal regulations. Here’s a small but Our revolution isn’t the work of a single symbolic example: A construction project, Presidency; it’s the mission for a whole gen- oddly enough an expansion—it’s quite ironic eration of reform. Since President Reagan and I went to Washington in 1981, tax rates here—an expansion of a homeless shelter, have been cut across the board. We made was being delayed by the bureaucracy be- them flatter; we made them fairer. We’ve cause it was counter to a rule regarding wet- cut the top rate from 70 percent to 31 per- lands. But what no one quite could under- cent. We’ve raised the standard deduction. stand was that this project was on a devel- We’ve taken millions of low-to-moderate-in- oped downtown city block, totally sur- come people off the tax rolls altogether. rounded by concrete and pavement. Some- And we’ve made landmark reforms to get thing was all wet all right, but it certainly big Government regulation off the backs of wasn’t the building site. The project is now our families and our businesses. underway. We’re going to keep it up. For But we have much more to do. With the businesses, for charities, for homeowners, tax-and-spend liberals still in charge of the we’re getting unreasonable regulation off of Congress, Government keeps growing. And their backs. And I am pledged to continue Congress now spends nearly a quarter of that program of regulatory relief. what people in this country work to And I’m pushing hard to reform our civil produce; that’s right, almost 25 percent of justice system. We are simply suing each the gross domestic product of the United other too much and caring for each other States of America. The habit of deficit too little. Americans want to stop nuisance spending has brought us to the point that lawsuits. Someone asked me the other day, the national debt now equals about $65,000 if an apple a day keeps the doctor away, for every family of four in the United States what works for lawyers? [Laughter] Let me of America. And that is a mortgage on our add, parenthetically, I will continue to ap- kids’ future. And it says we’re not really point well-qualified judges to our Federal as free a society as we should be. And why? courts, including the Supreme Court, who Because Government is just too big, and will interpret our Constitution and not legis- it spends too much. late from the Federal Bench. Again and again and again, the liberals And I’m committed as strongly as ever in Congress have said no to spending re- to win more tax relief and reform. We need form. And it’s no wonder that Americans to lift the dead weight that punishes home- keep clamoring for stricter limits on the owners and prevents more investment and power and the cost of Government. From job creation, those sky-high taxes on capital coast to coast, people are mobilizing for gains. Get people back to work in this coun- change. The air is crackling with the feeling try. Frankly, I wish Congress would move

990 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / June 20 on our other growth incentives. We need insurance reform is a model of the new way to enact another proposal to ease tax bur- of thinking about social programs. You dens on families and homeowners, like a probably haven’t heard much about it. It’s $5,000 tax credit for that first-time home- before the Congress now. The liberal buyer. I want those young families to par- Democrats that hold control of Congress ticipate in the American dream by owning are too busy beating the drum for that stale their own homes. idea of a Ted Kennedy-style system of na- As you may know, we are fighting for fun- tionalized health care. And I am going to damental change in our education and wel- veto anything that makes socialized medi- fare systems. It’s time for parents to have cine for America. We are not going to have the freedom to choose their kids’ schools, that. public, private, and religious. That’s how The plan I have makes good sense. It we’ll give parents the muscle to change our would help working people and needy peo- schools and make them the best in the en- ple with vouchers and tax credits. It would tire world. provide access to insurance, make that avail- And here, with Pete Wilson sitting here, able to everybody. And it would provide we’re preaching to the choir a little bit. But Americans like yourselves with quality care, right now we have a welfare system de- care you can afford, while wringing out the signed by the liberal politicians and these excesses and the waste. That’s because it social theorists. It’s a burden on taxpayers, uses old-fashioned American ideas: free but that’s not the worst of it. That’s not markets and choice. my major concern, even. Much of the time, this system hurts the very people that it In the long run, reforming education and claims to help. The system discourages sin- welfare could make a major contribution to gle mothers from getting married. It leaves increasing productivity and solving fiscal cri- too many young women and children with- sis. And health care reform can make a out the stability of a home, two-parent major contribution to improving and, put home. And let’s face it, the welfare state it this way, to getting rid of the worry that system traps too many people in a cycle so many American families have. And we of dependency, destroying dignity, telling can make these reforms without raising the little guy who wants to pick himself up taxes and without piling new burdens onto that he really doesn’t have much of a State and local taxpayers. chance. And I am determined to change Hand-in-hand with these reforms goes the that. crusade to enforce fiscal discipline. This is I’m working to transform this failed wel- absolutely essential to make these reforms fare system into something that makes work. Our burden of debt and uncontrolled sense, something that gives people a shot spending results from almost four decades at dignity. Right now, I’m working with of liberal Democratic control of the United tough-minded, creative Governors like Pete States House of Representatives. Time and Wilson, like Tommy Thompson—some of again, Ronald Reagan and I have pushed you may have read about his reforms, the for popular reforms. And I believe the Governor of Wisconsin—to give them flexi- American people want the President to have bility under the Federal laws to try out new in law what 43 Governors have, that line- ideas and to turn around their State welfare item veto. And I believe and I know the programs. And with Governors in all 50 American people believe the only way to States like Pete and Tommy, we’d soon be discipline both the Congress and the execu- making major progress fostering dignity and tive branch is through a constitutional the rewards of work. We’ll make more amendment to balance the budget. headway in connecting welfare with require- I hope you followed that debate. If you ments for work, training, education. We’ll did, you’ll know that standing in our way get more deadbeat dads to pay the child is the liberal hardcore of the Democratic support they owe. And we’d help a lot more Congress, barely more than one-third of the families come together and stay together. membership. Read the rollcall. Just take a My proposal—another area—for health look at it. Go back and look at the papers

991 June 20 / Administration of George Bush, 1992 and read the rollcall from last week’s vote item veto. in the House on the balanced budget It is time for change. Somebody says, amendment, and you’ll see who I’m talking ‘‘You’re for enterprise zones for the cities. about. And pay attention to the Democrats That’s not a new idea.’’ I said, ‘‘Yes, it is; who belong in a special Hall of Shame. I’m it has never been tried.’’ And isn’t it better talking here about the 12 Democrats, two to try something new, try what hasn’t been from California, who listed themselves as tried: a Republican House, a Republican sponsors, as sponsors of the balanced budg- Senate, a Republican Congress. That has et amendment. They did that to look good not been tried in 35 years, and it’s time and talk good to the people back home. to make that kind of significant change. And then these 12 switched sides and voted In my introduction by our wonderful to kill the very amendment that they had Governor and my friend, Pete mentioned sponsored. They did that to curry favor with something about international affairs. You those liberal party bosses that control the listen to this debate for who should be House of Representatives, and we’d better President, and you might think foreign af- change that in this election coming up in fairs don’t exist, that we aren’t really the the fall. only undisputed leader of the world today, We know better than to expect these peo- which we are. So before I finish, I want ple to discipline themselves. This is the to say a word about the summit meeting same crowd we’ve seen for decades, in that Boris Yeltsin and I just completed in charge, unchallenged, and out of control. Let me remind you: For the last 30 years, Washington, where we reached historic make that 35, I think, the Democrats have agreements for peace and for security. controlled the House of Representatives. Thousands of visitors joined Barbara and me For 24 out of the last 30 years, they’ve con- on the White House lawn to welcome the trolled the United States Senate. And the first democratically elected President of Congress appropriates—and people forget Russia. And I just wish, really, that each this, but let me say it—the Congress appro- one of you could have been there with us priates every single dime and tells the Presi- to share in that very special moment. That’s dent how to spend every single dime. because it is patriotic people like you who Unlike one of my opponents for Presi- helped make that moment possible. dent, I don’t believe the only way to con- Now the Russian people can worship front a massive deficit is with a ‘‘massive freely. They can compete in free markets. tax increase,’’ and that’s in quotes because They can choose their own government. that’s what he said. I know we can do it And our children, our precious kids and without raising taxes, and I have a detailed grandkids, will no longer live in that same plan. This isn’t just election year rhetoric. shadow of nuclear war that has haunted us We have a detailed plan sitting up there for 40 years. And that is big, and that is before the United States Congress right important. And your support made that pos- now. It controls the growth of mandatory sible. And today, ordinary Russians thank programs. It doesn’t cut them; it permits God that ordinary Americans stood fast the growth in inflation and in population. against the Communist dictatorship that Doesn’t touch Social Security. It doesn’t threatened us and oppressed them. raise taxes. And here it is. I think what this shows is that if you have So when the election rolls around, let’s the will, the perseverance, there’s always a get some of these people who are saying chance to make a difference. Howard Jarvis they’re going to change things to talk some spent 16 years fighting for tax limitation. specifics and to say how it’s going to be He was 76 years old when at last he won, done. Here it is. And we need again, when he shook the establishment of this en- though, the discipline and the sense of ur- tire country. I’ve highlighted for you impor- gency that that balanced budget amend- tant proposals for the future, with a new ment will bring. And while I’m at it, I’d Congress: Revolutionize our schools; put like the President to again have what 43 parents and kids ahead of bureaucrats. Re- Governors have, let me repeat it, the line- form our system of health care. Overhaul

992 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / June 20 the welfare system; give needy people op- know we can. portunity instead of dependency. Adopt a Thank you all very, very much, and may balanced budget amendment. And hold the God bless the United States of America. line against excessive spending, taxes, and Thank you all. regulation. With a new Congress that shares our values, we can use the next 4 years to set our country on the right track for Note: The President spoke at 9:30 a.m. at the next 40 years. And with your help, I the Universal City Hilton.

Remarks at the Texas State Republican Convention in Dallas, Texas June 20, 1992

The President. Thank you so much for I raised our kids here. From 1948 on, we that warm welcome. Let me quickly say voted in every Presidential election here. I hello to a few of our dais guests: our elected coached Little League here, built my busi- officials Kay Bailey Hutchison and Rick ness here, worked in the party here. My Perry, doing a superb job for our State. May Presidential library will be here. My cam- I salute the great Mayor of Dallas, Steve paign started here. And when my work is Bartlett, who served so well in Washington over, I’ll come back here. So it’s great to and now serving this city with such distinc- be home. There is no place like Texas. tion. November 3d is but a few months away. And now, on to the political types like And yes, the going’s been rough for our you and me: Ernie Angelo and Penny But- country, but we’re turning the corner. And ler, the Texas GOP National Committee I’ll let the world in on a secret that you members; Fred Meyer, our great chairman already know: I finish what I start. To finish of this Texas State GOP. I want to thank the job the American people asked me to Beverly Kaufman and all the women, all the do, I need your help, Texas. Give me 4 members of the Texas Federation who came more years as your leader, and let’s get the to meet me and who are doing a great job job done. for us; single out our Bush-Quayle team, Audience members. Four more years! Jim Oberwetter, Barbara Patton; and of Four more years! Four more years! course, Rob Mosbacher, the chairman of The President. A strange political year, Texas Victory ’92. We have a great Repub- yes. But snappy answers and glib talk will lican congressional delegation from Texas, not get the job done. Let somebody else and I’m pleased so many members of that become the darling of the talking heads on Texas congressional delegation could attend. television; I’m going to keep on fighting to I wish we had more like them in Washing- get something done for this country. You ton, DC. wait until August, and we’ll roll up our And last but not least, I’d like to single sleeves and get in that campaign mode. But out the master of ceremonies with whom there’s too much at stake for America to I served so closely in Washington as we bat- forget about trust and judgment and values; tled to get some things past the Congress, too much at stake, as we say here, to buy as we stood up against many things that a pig in a poke. And you can count on this: the Congress were trying to ram down the We will win in November. And I am con- throats of the people, and I’m talking about vinced we are going to carry Texas, and we Fred McClure, the emcee, my great friend are going to win going away. and yours. Thank you, Fred. Just the the last 4 years, the world that Now, let me just say at the beginning I we have known for the last 40 years has have never felt as strongly as I do now: changed. And by our willingness to stand I am proud to be a Texan. Barbara and up for freedom and stand against aggression

993 June 20 / Administration of George Bush, 1992 and fight for what’s right, we changed the term for Members of Congress. world. And our mission for the next 4 years You and I know each other. And through- is to shape our new world, not just abroad out my life in Texas you’ve seen me close but right here at home. It’s a big job to up. When I sent our sons and daughters set the course for the next 40 years, and into battle in Panama and in Desert Storm, it means solving big problems with a level Texans anguished with me and overwhelm- head, with tolerance and good judgment. ingly supported me. And when I agreed to Being President is a demanding job, and pay a painful price for a spending controls a President must be temperamentally suited deal on the budget, Lord knows you argued for the job. I have been tested by fire, and with me. And when I said I will not eat I am the right man for that job. broccoli, every kid in Texas said, ‘‘Yes!’’ But You and I understand America and her through it all, you knew I wouldn’t break problems, and we understand where we with those Texas values that we hold most must go. And we all want families strong dear: freedom and faith, honor and decency, and united, good schools, safe neighbor- and, most of all, family. hoods, job-creating economy, and a world History will record this: American leader- at peace. Since becoming your President, ship changed the world. Panama is a demo- I have been to all 50 States in the country. cratic country. Its democratically elected I have felt the heartbeat of America. I felt leaders, once beaten by those ‘‘dignity bat- it up close—farmers and ranchers and cities talions,’’ are now back in office, and its and city kids and teachers and truck drivers. narco-trafficking dictator in jail where he I know the American people, and they are belongs. And Eastern Europe is free. Ger- with us, but they’re angry. They’re angry many is united. Imperial communism is at big Government, small results, and big dead and buried. And just this week, Boris excuses. And they are right: Government is Yeltsin and I stood in the Rose Garden to too big, and it spends too much. And we’ve announce the most sweeping nuclear arms got to change that. cuts in history, eliminating those enormous This election must be a referendum on multiwarheaded ICBM’s that have threat- some big ideas. And one of them is that ened the world. That is something big. That Government works right without raising is something spectacular. Dreams come true taxes. Unlike one of my opponents, I do for America. And these kids here will sleep not believe that the only way to ever bal- at night without the same fear of nuclear ance the budget is, quote, a massive tax in- war. I am proud of that record, and I will crease, unquote. The American people take that record to the American people. know that I proposed an amendment to bal- But let me warn you, let me just put out ance the budget. They know I fought for this one word of warning. For all the great it, the only Presidential candidate to support triumphs that freedom has made, the world it. That’s why in the fall, they will be with still remains a dangerous place. That’s why us. You send us more Congressmen from a big idea in this campaign is defending Texas who will do what the people want. America’s interests abroad. And the best And the people want a balanced budget way to keep America safe is to keep Amer- amendment to the Constitution of the ica strong. The Soviet bear might now be United States. And by the way, while you’re a creature of the past, but there are still still standing, the American people know plenty of wolves out there, and you know that the President should have what 43 who they are. But as our actions in the Gulf Governors have to control spending. They proved, we will defend our interests. We know I fought for it, and they will be with will keep the wolves at bay. And we will us. America wants the line-item veto. [Ap- never let aggression stand. plause] Thank you. Yes, our successes abroad have laid the Now, the taxpayers know how the budget foundation for stepping up our attack on gets busted. It’s an arrogant, permanent, lib- these domestic problems. And as I work to eral, Democratic-controlled Congress, unac- correct what’s wrong, I will always remem- countable to the people. The American peo- ber: The people don’t work for the Govern- ple are with us, and it is time to limit the ment; the Government works for the

994 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / June 20 people. listen to this statistic—for 35 out of the last No, to set things on a track right here 35 years the Democrats, the liberal Demo- at home we must start with a moral, even crats, have controlled the House of Rep- a spiritual revival across this country, par- resentatives. And what do the people see ticularly when it comes to instilling values as a result? A crooked post office and a in our kids. So here’s another big idea. Fads lot of bounced checks. Let’s change that. may come and go, but in the Bush adminis- Let us change that. We must break this tration the family will always be in fashion. gridlock and recapture the trust of the And that’s how we put first things first. American people. And the way to do that Families united, fathers and mothers staying is Republican control of the House, Repub- together in spite of tough times because lican control of the Senate. You give me they love their kids and want them to grow a Congress like that, and you watch this up whole and strong. It all begins with the country move again. family. And we must find ways to strengthen the American family. The Commission Go, Aggies. I appointed will do just that. And all of There’s a right way and there’s wrong way us should make suggestions that will help. to set a new course. And the wrong way You know, some of the ideas that I’ve is to give up when things get tough, pick put forth for changing America unnerved up your marbles and go home. And I will those who cling to the old thinking of the not give up on America, not now, not ever. status quo. Not everyone is ready for new We are going to get the job done. There ideas, so it’s going to take some time. And has been too much pessimism, too many 4 years just haven’t been enough to finish people trying to get elected by saying how our mission. Some people say, why can’t you bad things are, too many gloomy TV news bring the same kind of purpose and success stories about what’s wrong with America. to the domestic scene as you did in Desert It is my view that America will always be Shield and Desert Storm? And the answer a rising nation. And we can and we will is: I didn’t have to get permission from make this country better. I am an optimist some old goat in the United States Congress about the United States of America. to kick Saddam Hussein out of Kuwait. After a tough, tough recession, a tough That’s the reason. recession where many families have been Audience members. Four more years! hurt, confidence is returning. Confidence is Four more years! Four more years! beginning to come back, to return to our The President. Let me just add a word economy. Some good fundamentals are in about that. Let me add a word about that place: low interest rates, low inflation, decision. It is just plain irresponsible and stronger growth in the first quarter. The out of touch with reality to suggest that a United States is still the largest, the most President should take a poll and get a tax increase before he leads the world against productive economy in the entire world, aggression. What the people want from and don’t ever forget that. The biggest mis- their leaders is leadership, and that’s exactly sion, the biggest idea of this campaign is what the American people got in Desert to accelerate economic growth to create Storm. I don’t need to take a poll to know hope and opportunity for everyone. And what’s right when it comes to standing up with our exports still climbing, there’s solid against aggression. So you can write that proof that Americans can outcompete anyone down, some of these opponents out one, anytime, anywhere in the world. there. Look right down a Texas road for exam- And would I like to see our domestic ples: Texas beef on the market in Japan, agenda off and running? You bet. And I Texas cotton to Europe, Texas oil and gas understand the frustration that’s out there, technology in demand everywhere. And I the same as you: family values under siege, am going to fight to keep that technology second-rate schools, too much violence on state-of-the-art and to help keep our inde- too many streets. An old-thinking Congress pendent oil and gas producers competitive. can’t get the job done. And for 35—now, I will keep pushing for a revised alternative

995 June 20 / Administration of George Bush, 1992 minimum tax. And I’ll keep pushing for Congress may have a vision problem on cleaner fuels like natural gas. And I’ll keep that, the Congress may have a vision prob- pushing to reduce our dangerous depend- lem, but don’t for a minute think that we’re ence on foreign oil, not by conservation going to give up on the superconducting alone, which is important, but by opening super collider. It is forward-looking, and the projects for domestic production like the country needs it, and the world needs it. ANWR in Alaska. It’s good for Texas, and it’s good for the A rising nation educates her young peo- United States of America. ple, and all across America a revolution in And when the American people send me education, we call it America 2000, to bring a Congress with a commitment to change, back excellence to our schools. Well, we we’ll pass the laws and do the work that were the ones to start this revolution, and the American people deserve. But let me we are the ones that are leading it, and say this: With or without the Congress, we we will be the ones to complete it. And are going to give the American people what before we’re done, whether it’s public, pri- they want. And that’s not excuses; that is vate, or religious, parents are going to have action. the right to choose their children’s schools. This is an age of great change for Amer- And this audience knows it better than ica. And that’s what makes November 3d most, but there’s another great and dynamic so important. Change can seem to threaten movement transforming our country. It’s a the most valuable legacies that we hope to volunteer movement of ordinary people leave our children: good jobs, strong fami- solving problems right where they live, mil- lies, a Nation at peace. Change breeds un- lions of courageous people taking direct and certainty and skepticism, and I understand consequential action on their own. This is that. But, look, we are the United States how we help create whole and good com- of America, one Nation under God. And munities. And lest anyone forget, under my the genius of America is everywhere. It is Presidency, this movement, this big idea is in a society that places a premium on per- a national crusade. The real heroes of formance, not glitz; on service, not selfish- America, God bless them, are the ones we ness. A society that captures what Texas is call the Points of Light, one American help- all about. And let the skeptic say that it ing another solve these problems. can’t be done. The optimist will say, let’s Despite the odds, we’ve had some suc- get to work. And I am ready. And, yes, cesses on Capitol Hill. Legislation like the we’re in the fight of our lives, but it’s worth Child Care Act which said parents raise the fight. And we are in it to win. kids, not the Government; the Clean Air And I appreciate this sensationally warm Act, linking a strong economy with a clean Texas welcome. And may God bless you all. environment; the Americans with Disabil- And may God bless the United States of ities Act, guaranteeing the disabled their America. Thank you very much. Thank you. rightful place in the mainstream. Give these Thank you all so much. people a chance, and that’s what that legislation did. And sometimes my job up there, Note: The President spoke at 4:06 p.m. at given the control of the Congress, is to keep the Dallas Convention Center. In his re- bad things from happening. And when it marks, he referred to Kay Bailey Hutchison, comes to stopping bad legislation with my Texas State treasurer; Rick Perry, Texas veto pen, it’s Bush 26, the Congress 0. And commissioner of agriculture; Beverly Kauf- it’s going to stay that way. man, president, Texas Federation of Repub- I’m proud of our record. We’ve had to lican Women; Jim Oberwetter, Bush-Quayle make the tough calls every day and every ’92 Texas chairman; Barbara Patton, Bush- week. We proposed a better way for Amer- Quayle ’92 Texas cochairman; and Frederick ica, a new track for America. And like D. McClure, managing director, First Texas, it is a big idea. And when Congress Southwest Co., and former Assistant to the blocks the way, stuck in the muck of old President for Legislative Affairs. The Presi- thinking, we’ll keep that heat on, keep push- dent also referred to the Texas A&M Uni- ing for change. One specific on that: The versity Aggies.

996 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / June 22

Remarks on Signing Emergency Supplemental Appropriations Legislation June 22, 1992

Welcome to the Rose Garden. I’m very make a fundamental change, that we put pleased to welcome all of you on this short in place the package of reforms that we call notice to the White House. But may I salute the New America Plan. There are several our Secretary of Labor, who’s been very in- points to that plan: strumental in all of this. Senator Seymour, First, it enhances Government’s primary Senator Hatch, Senator Stevens, Congress- mission to ensure the personal safety of our man Joe McDade, welcome, all. And all of people. Our neighborhoods, our streets them, along with some others that weren’t must be free from crime. To strike a blow able to be with us today, have been extraor- for our people’s right to live free from fear, dinarily helpful in this legislation. May I sa- I am asking Congress now to act on my lute Mayor Schmoke, Bob Neall. ‘‘Weed and Seed’’ program to fight urban It is a very special privilege to have some crime, as well as enacting a tough new com- young Americans from right here in our Na- prehensive crime bill. tion’s Capital. They’re the reason, kids like People in our cities need more freedom these are the reason why we produce this and opportunity to achieve, to excel. The legislation. They’re the reason we’re fighting second part of this plan calls for enterprise for far-reaching reforms to offer opportunity zones to offer incentives for innovation and for a better future. job creation in the greatest American tradi- The supplemental appropriations bill that tion. It is high time we put this great idea I am signing here today provides emergency into action. When I was in Los Angeles, funding for the nationwide disaster pro- support for enterprise zones were across the grams of the Federal Emergency Manage- board, across party label, across age group ment Agency, FEMA, and for the Small label. It was an amazing amount of support. Business Administration, SBA. This bill re- So we’ve got to get this put into action. plenishes the resources of both Agencies for The third part, our HOPE initiative, will expenditures they’re making to help the vic- help turn public housing tenants into home- tims of this lawless violence in Los Angeles owners. There’s no overestimating the dig- and the flood in Chicago. These funds are nity that that brings. used to help shelter people that are affected by major disasters and to offer low-interest Fourth, our America 2000 education re- loans to individuals in businesses in the dis- forms will help extend to parents and kids aster areas. right there in the inner cities the same The bill also will help finance more than choices that people in the suburbs already 400,000 summer jobs through a program of have. the Department of Labor with a special Fifth, to give people new skills, we pro- focus on helping young people in America’s pose to reform job training. largest urban areas. By providing for $1.45 Finally, the long-term well-being of billion in SBA-guaranteed loans, the bill will neighborhoods that are now dangerous and help small business across the country lit- depressed demands that we break with the erally create thousands of new jobs. culture of dependency. My agenda for wel- I turned aside efforts by some in the Con- fare reform aims to reward work and learn- gress to spend more for the sake of spending, to insist that fathers take responsibility ing more when the urgent need is for fun- for their children, and to make families damental change to provide hope and op- whole. portunity for people in the inner cities. These are the keys to providing hope for We’ve got to recognize these supplemental this new generation. These are the only reli- funds are a beginning, only a beginning, and able means for making our cities the safe that’s the way it is. It’s imperative that we and prosperous places they ought to be. So

997 June 22 / Administration of George Bush, 1992 again, I am urging the Congress to put an Note: The President spoke at 2 p.m. in the end to the delays and to take action on this Rose Garden at the White House. In his New America Plan. remarks, he referred to Kurt Schmoke, I thank you all for coming. Now I will Mayor of Baltimore, MD, and Robert R. invite the Senators and Congressman Neall, county executive of Anne Arundel McDade to come up, and be glad to sign County, MD. H.R. 5132, the Dire Emer- this important legislation. gency Supplemental Appropriations Act, 1992, for Disaster Assistance To Meet Ur- [At this point, the President signed the bill.] gent Needs Because of Calamities Such as The deed is done. Thank you all very, Those Which Occurred in Los Angeles and very much. Chicago, approved June 22, was assigned Public Law No. 102–302.

Statement on Signing Emergency Supplemental Appropriations Legislation June 22, 1992

Today I have signed into law H.R. 5132, suring that this funding is targeted to the an Act that provides supplemental appro- areas of greatest need, particularly the priations for disaster assistance to meet ur- country’s largest urban areas. gent needs resulting from calamities such In accordance with the applicable provi- as those that occurred in Los Angeles and sions of the Budget Enforcement Act of Chicago. 1990, I am designating the following fund- This Act provides emergency funding for ing as emergency requirements: disaster programs of the Federal Emer- • $300 million for FEMA disaster assist- gency Management Agency (FEMA) and ance; the Small Business Administration (SBA). • $500 million for the summer youth jobs FEMA funds will be used to provide disas- program; and ter-affected individuals and families with • $143.8 million for SBA disaster loans. temporary housing assistance and to provide The Act also provides nonemergency sup- grants for the repair and replacement of plemental funding for SBA’s business loan property damaged as a result of major disas- program, the cost of which is fully offset. ters. The SBA funds will be used to provide These funds will provide up to $1.45 billion low-interest loans to individuals and busi- in loan guarantees for qualified small businesses located in areas affected by recent nesses. This additional funding will ensure disasters. that sufficient resources remain available for This funding will ensure that FEMA and this program throughout the remainder of SBA have sufficient resources to address the fiscal year 1992. major disasters that have occurred this year, including the civil disturbance in Los Ange- GEORGE BUSH les and the flood in Chicago. I am pleased that the Congress provided these funds The White House, under terms and conditions that are accept- June 22, 1992. able to the Administration. Funds provided by H.R. 5132 for the De- Note: H.R. 5132, the Dire Emergency Sup- partment of Labor’s summer youth jobs plemental Appropriations Act, 1992, for program represent a satisfactory com- Disaster Assistance To Meet Urgent Needs promise between the Congress and the Ad- Because of Calamities Such as Those Which ministration and will finance 414,000 sum- Occurred in Los Angeles and Chicago, ap- mer jobs. I am particularly pleased that pro- proved June 22, was assigned Public Law visions of the Act give special weight to en- No. 102–302.

998 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / June 22

Remarks Prior to a Meeting With the House Republican Health Care Task Force June 22, 1992

The President. Now, let me just say at right now, frankly. the outset, what we are here to talk about Q. Were you aware of the inquiry? is health care reform. We have some ideas The President. No, there’s something not up there that we feel make a great deal very pleasant about all this. And let me tell of sense. I know that some of you all have you this: It’s fine to investigate on one’s a program. I keep reading that the Demo- own the Vice President of the United crats say they want to make a political state- States; no evidence to support any investiga- ment before the convention. Far more im- tion. But I feel a little tense about it when portant than a political statement, it seems they—if the reports are true of investigating to me, is getting something done that will my children, my family. There’s some- allay the fears that people have and help thing—I don’t think that’s particularly right. in the health care reform area. But nevertheless, I’ve probably said too We’ve got a good program for insurance. much here. We’ll protect the quality of American health Q. No, you haven’t. care. And what I’d like to get from every- The President. Put it this way: I’ve said body here today is how you feel we can all I’m going to say. get it done. The small market reforms are Q. Are you angry? good; the increased tax deductions for the The President. I’m not sure that’s the self-employed, very good; and we make proper word. There will be plenty of time some administrative statements. I’d like to to find out what happened here, but I don’t hear if we could move forward on mal- like what I see. practice reform. But these are some of the Q. You’re going to call him up and ask ingredients of what we think is a very help- him yourself what happened? ful, very practical, and forward-looking Q. Has he called you—— health care program. So I hope that we can The President. Thank you very much. move it. Thank you all. Perot Investigations Q. ——to apologize or complain? Q. Mr. President, how do you feel about Ross Perot’s private initiative to investigate Note: The President spoke at 4:09 p.m. in you and your finances? the Cabinet Room at the White House. A The President. Well, I better count to 10. tape was not available for verification of the [Laughter] I prefer not to take that question content of these remarks.

Letter to Congressional Leaders on Trade With Romania June 22, 1992

Dear Mr. Speaker: (Dear Mr. President:) ment on Trade Relations Between the Gov- In accordance with section 407 of the ernment of the United States of America Trade Act of 1974 (Public Law 93–618, Jan- and the Government of Romania,’’ includ- uary 3, 1975; 88 Stat. 1978), as amended ing exchanges of letters that form an inte- (the ‘‘Trade Act’’), I am transmitting a copy gral part of the Agreement, which was of a proclamation that extends nondiscrim- signed on April 3, 1992, and which is in- inatory treatment to the products of Roma- cluded as an annex to the proclamation. nia. I also enclose the text of the ‘‘Agree- The Agreement will provide a nondis-

999 June 22 / Administration of George Bush, 1992 criminatory framework for our bilateral and upgrade very substantially its protection trade relations and thus strengthen both of intellectual property rights. Once fully economic and political relations between implemented, the Romanian intellectual the United States and Romania. Conclusion property regime will be on a par with that of this Agreement is an important step we of our principal industrialized trading part- can take to provide greater economic bene- ners. This Agreement will not alter U.S. law fits to both countries. It will also give fur- or practice with respect to the protection ther impetus to the progress we have made of intellectual property. in our overall diplomatic relations since last On August 17, 1991, I waived application year and help to reinforce political and eco- of subsections (a) and (b) of section 402 nomic reform in Romania. In that context, of the Trade Act to Romania. I determined the United States is encouraging Romania that this waiver will substantially promote to continue to strive for a democratic, plu- the objectives of section 402, and, pursuant ralistic society, particularly through the con- to section 402(c)(2) of the Trade Act, noti- duct of early, free, and fair national elec- fied the Congress that I have received as- tions. surances that the emigration practices of I believe that the Agreement is consistent Romania will henceforth lead substantially with both the letter and the spirit of the to achievement of those objectives. Trade Act. It provides for mutual extension I urge that the Congress act as soon as of nondiscriminatory tariff treatment while possible to approve the ‘‘Agreement on seeking to ensure overall reciprocity of eco- Trade Relations Between the Government nomic benefits. It includes safeguard ar- of the United States of America and the rangements to ensure that our trade with Government of Romania’’ and the procla- Romania will grow without causing disrup- mation extending nondiscriminatory treat- tion to the U.S. market and consequent in- ment to products of Romania by enactment jury to domestic firms or loss of jobs for of a joint resolution referred to in section American workers. 151 of the Trade Act. The Agreement also confirms and ex- Sincerely, pands for American businesses certain basic GEORGE BUSH rights in conducting commercial transactions both within Romania and with Ro- Note: Identical letters were sent to Thomas manian nationals and business entities. S. Foley, Speaker of the House of Represent- Other provisions include those dealing with atives, and Dan Quayle, President of the settlement of commercial disputes, financial Senate. The proclamation is listed in Appen- transactions, and government commercial dix E at the end of this volume. The agree- offices. Through this Agreement, Romania ment was published in the Federal Register also undertakes obligations to modernize on June 24.

Presidential Determination No. 92–34—Memorandum on Trade With Romania June 22, 1992

Memorandum for the Secretary of State amended (the ‘‘Trade Act’’), I determine, pursuant to section 405(a) of the Trade Act Subject: Determination Under Section (19 U.S.C. 2435(a)), that the ‘‘Agreement on 405(a) of the Trade Act of 1974, as Amended—Romania Trade Relations Between the Government of the United States of America and the Pursuant to the authority vested in me Government of Romania’’ will promote the under the Trade Act of 1974 (Public Law purposes of the Trade Act and is in the 93–618, January 3, 1975; 88 Stat. 1978), as

1000 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / June 23 national interest. lish it in the Federal Register. You are authorized and directed to trans- GEORGE BUSH mit copies of this determination to the appropriate Members of Congress and to pub- [Filed with the Office of the Federal Reg- ister, 3:04 p.m., July 6, 1992]

Remarks and an Exchange With Reporters on a Possible Railroad Strike June 23, 1992

The President. Well, let me just say I’ve is the economic impact so dire that Con- had a first-class briefing from Secretary gress should move immediately? Card, doing a first-rate job over there at The President. Well, first place, there’s an Transportation. I’m very much concerned. enormous inconvenience to the American Let us hope that some last-minute break- worker on the commuter side. And then as through will avert a strike. But my message it begins to take a hold on moving freight today, after listening to the Secretary and and moving product, agricultural product understanding how bad it would be for the for example, to market, it’s terrible. So pub- people of this country, is that should a strike lic good is not served by a prolonged strike. occur, Congress ought to do in this instance So it ought to end the day it begins. what they’ve done twice before, two preced- Q. Mr. President, do you anticipate any ing events like this, and that is to move downside in terms of political consequences promptly to protect the American people for your reelection campaign with the rail and to end the strike through legislation. strike? I feel very strongly about it, and I think in this instance, should a strike occur, Con- The President. I have no idea of that. This gress has an obligation to move fast to pro- is not a political matter. This is a matter tect the American people, whether it’s a of the national good and what’s best for the lockout or a strike. American people. And what’s best for the Q. How would they—— American people is to avoid a strike. But if a strike takes place, or a lockout, it could The President. Legislation like happened be ended and ended right away. the last two times. Q. Do you plan to call congressional lead- Q. Mr. President, would you do anything before the possibility of a strike? Is there ers today, sir, to express your feelings? some kind of intervention or emergency The President. Well, they know our views; declaration or anything? we’ve expressed it. But we were just talking The President. No. Andy can answer that. about that. I might well do that. But if that Secretary Card. The President has exer- would help, I’ll do it. cised that responsibility when he created Q. Have you been talking—— the Presidential Emergency Board. So—— Q. If the legislation goes through, could The President. And you see, it’s reported it be passed? back. It’s made sound recommendations, The President. It could be done in a day. and the Secretary has been working dili- I mean yes, it’s happened before. The last gently to try to get various parties to come two times, I believe it was just one day. along. But the unilateral action by the Presi- Secretary Card. Seventeen hours. dent does not apply. The only thing that The President. Yes, 17 hours, Andy is re- could stop the strike, if one occurs, is to minding me, was the last one. have legislation. Q. Have you been consulting with the Q. What is the economic impact? Why automakers or the shippers or people that

1001 June 23 / Administration of George Bush, 1992 have urged you to take this action? Q. Is there any reason for optimism in The President. The Secretary’s talked to collective bargaining—will resolve this thing everybody, yes. at this point? Q. Have you urged them not to do a lock- Secretary Card. They’re still at the table, out if there’s a partial strike? which is a good sign; so the dialog is con- The President. Well, I’d leave the tech- tinuing. nical questions to the Secretary. He’s tried The President. You’ve got several different to avoid shutdowns in every way, and he’s entities, is a part of the problem here. Some gone the extra mile. A lot of people have seem to think that it can be avoided, and been cooperative, he tells me. So it’s not others think not. a one-sided picture here. But the bottom Q. But it sounds like, from making the line is, the public are not served by a strike statement to us, that you feel pretty pessi- that lasts for any time at all. And so the mistic. Congress should do now, if that’s the case The President. I feel I cannot tell the and there is a strike tomorrow, it ought to American people that I think it will be re- do what it’s done to incidents before this: solved through negotiation as it should be. move. The last one took 17 hours to legis- So I just think it’s important to get in focus late it, to solve it. It can be done that quick the fact that if there is a strike, it ought or quicker. to be quickly solved by legislation. Q. Is there any reason—— Q. Anything from Capitol Hill whether The President. This is a challenge to the they would go along with that, sir? Congress to do what’s best for the American The President. Different reaction from people, should it get to that. different Members of Congress, I’m told. Q. Would a rail strike hurt the economic Thank you very much for your interest. recovery, sir? Could it throw it back? The President. Yes it could. It could ad- Note: The President spoke at 11:54 a.m. in versely affect the workers in this country, the Oval Office at the White House, follow- and it could adversely affect a lot of things, ing a meeting with Secretary of Transpor- depending, obviously, how long it goes on. tation Andrew H. Card, Jr.

Remarks at the Presentation Ceremony for the National Medal of Science and the National Medal of Technology June 23, 1992

Thank you, and welcome to the Rose Gar- terest of all technical endeavors in order den. Well, thank you very much. And what that the creations of our mind should be a beautiful day here in the Rose Garden. a blessing and not a curse to mankind.’’ May I salute Dr. Bromley; Dr. Bernthal, Today we honor men and women whose the Deputy Director of the National life’s work answers Einstein’s challenge. Science Foundation; and of course, over my They bless mankind not only with the bril- right shoulder here, Secretary Barbara liance of their minds but with the integrity Franklin, Secretary of Commerce; also Con- of their hearts. gressman Vander Jagt, who’s so interested I am very proud to present the National in all of this; and so many special guests Medals of Science and Technology to our here today, and then three generations of 16 recipients, to these men and women of American scientists. persistent and, at times, clairvoyant deter- As I look out at the group here of the mination. They’ve explained the frontiers of men and women that we honor, you may remember what Albert Einstein said to his science on canvasses as infinitesimal as a fellow scientists: ‘‘Concern for man himself single human cell and as infinite as space and his fate must always form the chief in- itself.

1002 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / June 23

We honor them for their accomplishments. want to make that R&E, that research and But we honor them, also, for having the cour- experimentation tax credit permanent. age to undertake the journey. The world economy of the 21st century There’s a church in Sussex, England will demand a new age of American com- which has a wonderful inscription that cap- petitiveness in a fiercely challenging global tures these recipients’ pioneer spirit of inno- marketplace. In order to compete we must vation. The inscription says, ‘‘A vision with- make immediate, drastic changes, beginning out a task is but a dream; a task without with the need for the best educated, the a vision is drudgery; but a vision with a most well-educated workers. Many of you task is the hope of the world.’’ The hope here today, I’m told, are teachers, influenc- of our world lies in individuals who asked ing one dream at a time, and you know why and then followed wherever that ques- that education is the basis of our future. tion led. Scientists like Nobel Prize Laure- You know the terrible fact that in some ate Howard Temin, a truly seminal thinker in the history of biology who reshaped our math and science studies we rank almost thoughts about RNA and DNA. Entre- last, almost last among the industrialized na- preneurs like Bill Gates, who cofounded tions. Rest assured we will turn that around. Microsoft and in the process literally led I’m counting on you, and I pledge to you a revolution in the information industry. Vi- the support of this Government. sionaries like Eugene Shoemaker, who Technical competence is so vital that one helped to transform our world, not only of our six national education goals is to be through the astounding breadth of his con- the first in world math and science by the tributions to space explorations but also year 2000. In order to reach that goal our through the infectious enthusiasm of his budget invests $768 million in precollege imagination. Inventors like Norman Joseph math and science education, an increase I Woodland, who developed a simple device believe it’s about 18 percent over last year of our daily lives: bar coding. You’ve seen and 123 percent over the way things were first-hand how impressed I am—[laugh- just back in 1990. ter]—by how bar coding works. Amazing. We must open a new world of educational You all proved that America’s greatest re- opportunity for America’s children and give source is the genius of our people. We must middle- and low-income families more of encourage, we must support it. That’s why the same choice of all schools that wealthier Congress must double the budget of the families already have. So, later this week National Science Foundation by 1994 and I’ll announce a new proposal that will do keep funding on track in 1993 for the super- just that. It’s a ‘‘GI bill’’ for America’s chil- conducting super collider. That’s why I’m dren. committed to increases in R&D funding, Forty-eight years ago the original GI bill large increases in R&D funding, to let our opened educational doors for our war vets most talented people push the limits of their imaginations to understand the universe and by giving them dollars to spend at any to use the results to create jobs in the future school they chose, public, private, or reli- of others. And to support research I’ve also gious. It created a competitive marketplace established a national technology initiative of colleges and universities and encouraged to bring Government officials together with improvement through innovation. Now it’s private business to shape technology, to time that we give the families the same con- move the new discoveries out of the Federal sumer power for choice in precollege labs into the marketplace. schools. That’s why I’m introducing this ex- In addition, I believe that we need to citing and, I think, powerful bill for our fu- stimulate private sector investment, the en- ture. gine obviously of any entrepreneurial econ- Our Nation can remain strong only by omy. And that’s why I’m going to continue investing its resources and talents in sci- to fight so hard to get Congress to slash ence, technology, and education. And I the capital gains tax. This would create new want to recognize a group of special people businesses, encourage new innovation. I also who are dedicating their lives to that quest,

1003 June 23 / Administration of George Bush, 1992 our first class of Presidential faculty fellows, today, sponsors Xerox and NYPRO, and 30 young faculty members named for their teams from Wilson Magnet and Clinton excellence and promise in research and High Schools. We’re honoring today a spec- teaching. These scientists and engineers trum of achievers that goes then from high represent the best investment that we can school to the pinnacle of research. In turn, make in our future. But I’d like to remind we need to nurture every step on the edu- them of something. As you look at the dis- cational ladder, for each depends on the tinguished medalists that we honor today, soundness of the preceding one. remember that whatever work you do, you So I just came out here to say congratula- will be standing on the shoulders of giants. tions to all of you, especially, of course, to I want to tell you about something, in our distinguished medalists who show us the conclusion here, pretty unusual that I ran triumph of the human mind and the unfold- into—I want to say discovered—a few ing drama of the human imagination. May months ago up in New Hampshire. Dean God bless all of you. And now, Dr. Bernthal Kamen is here. He is a very special individ- will present the citations, and I will stand ual. What I’m talking about, the discovery, in awe as these geniuses come marching was of something known as the Maize Craze by. competition. I’m not sure exactly how to Congratulations, and thank you all for describe it. Kids have to make a kind of coming. a robot to fetch tennis balls out of a box filled with corn. Some of the best ideas [At this point, Deputy Director Bernthal sound pretty strange at first, but let me tell presented the medals.] you, this is a terrific idea. Well, I believe that concludes our cere- I was enormously impressed, Dean, by mony. Dean, are those young people with how this Maize Craze teams high school you here? Maybe we could ask them to students with high-powered engineering stand up, all those that came down from teams from major universities and corpora- the Maize group. Where are you, all of you tions, a great example of the private-public scientists—tortured my mind up there. partnership that will lead us to excellence Well, that concludes our ceremony. But in the next century. I had forgotten what we’re just delighted you all were here, and a salesman Dean is, but he just came into thank you very much for coming. Thank my office and he said, ‘‘Now, if these cor- you. porations can sponsor Olympic athletes, why isn’t it a great idea that they encourage young scientists in the same way?’’ And he’s Note: The President spoke at 1:38 p.m. in absolutely right about that. Maize Craze is the Rose Garden at the White House. In part of U.S. FIRST, a national alliance of his remarks, he referred to Dean L. Kamen, business, education, and Government work- founder of U.S. FIRST, and D. Allan ing to reverse declining student interest and Bromley, Assistant to the President for performance in science and math. Science and Technology and Director of the I invited Dean to bring his winners here Office of Science and Technology Policy.

Message to the Congress Transmitting the Estonia-United States Fishery Agreement June 23, 1992

To the Congress of the United States: tween the Government of the United States In accordance with the Magnuson Fishery of America and the Government of the Re- Conservation and Management Act of 1976 public of Estonia Concerning Fisheries off (Public Law 94–265; 16 U.S.C. 1801, et the Coasts of the United States, with annex, seq.), I transmit herewith an Agreement be- signed at Washington on June 1, 1992. The

1004 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / June 23 agreement constitutes a governing inter- portunities for seasonal cooperative fishing national fishery agreement within the re- ventures. quirements of section 201(c) of the Act. GEORGE BUSH Fishing industry interests of the United States have urged prompt implementation The White House, of this agreement to take advantage of op- June 23, 1992.

Message to the House of Representatives Returning Without Approval the National Institutes of Health Revitalization Amendments of 1992 June 23, 1992

To the House of Representatives: It is only a moratorium on the use of one I am returning herewith without my ap- source of tissue for that research. I believe proval H.R. 2507, the ‘‘National Institutes this moratorium is important in order to of Health Revitalization Amendments of prevent taxpayer funds from being used for 1992,’’ which would extend and amend bio- research that many Americans find morally medical research authorities of the National repugnant and because of its potential for Institutes of Health (NIH). promoting and legitimatizing abortion. Before discussing the flaws of H.R. 2507, My Administration is strongly committed I must clarify two misperceptions. First, to pursuing research to find cures and treat- H.R. 2507 is not necessary to assure that ments for such disorders as Parkinson’s dis- Federal spending continue for biomedical ease, diabetes, and Alzheimer’s disease that research, or for research related to any dis- have been held out as areas where fetal tis- ease, disorder, or condition. Second, H.R. sue research might be pursued. Fetal tissue 2507 is not necessary to increase support transplantation research relating to these for research targeted at women’s health disorders can proceed without relying on needs. Great progress is being made in the tissue from induced abortions. Medical ex- area of women’s health under the valued perts at the Department of Health and leadership of the first female director of the Human Services have assured me that ec- NIH. topic pregnancies and spontaneous abor- H.R. 2507 is unacceptable to me on al- tions provide sufficient and suitable tissue most every ground: ethical, fiscal, adminis- to meet anticipated research needs. There- trative, philosophical, and legal. I repeatedly fore, on May 19, 1992, I issued an Execu- warned the Congress of this at each stage tive order establishing a fetal tissue bank of the legislative process. The bill’s provi- that will collect tissue from these sources sions permitting the use of tissue from inso as to meet the needs of the research duced abortions for federally funded trans- community. The bank will provide tissue di- plantation research involving human sub- rectly to scientists for their research. This jects are inconsistent with our Nation’s approach truly represents the pro-research deeply held beliefs. Moreover, it is clear and ethical alternative that will allow this that this legislation would be counter- research to go forward without relying on productive to the attainment of our Nation’s a source of tissue that many find to be mor- health research objectives. ally objectionable. H.R. 2507 is objectionable because it H.R. 2507 also contains fiscally irrespon- would lift the current moratorium on the sible authorization levels. The total cost of use of Federal funds for fetal tissue trans- the provisions in this legislation could ex- plantation research where the tissue is ob- ceed the FY 1993 Budget I presented to the tained from induced abortions. Let it be Congress by $3.2 billion. It is exceedingly clear: this is not a moratorium on research. unlikely, if not impossible, that the Con-

1005 June 23 / Administration of George Bush, 1992 gress can fund the programs contained in the Congress the original plan, and any revi- H.R. 2507 while complying with the re- sions to that plan, regarding certain cancer quirements of the Budget Enforcement Act. research. This requirement to submit to the That being the case, the expectations that Congress what is in essence a draft plan this bill will create are unreasonable. Those without the prior review and approval of who suffer from the many diseases and dis- the executive branch clearly interferes with orders that are the subject of this unrealistic the deliberative process of the executive legislation will be sadly disappointed. branch. The internal workings of the execu- H.R. 2507 is also objectionable because tive branch should be just that—internal. its provisions regarding the appointment of To require the executive branch to display ‘‘Ethics Advisory Boards’’ are inconsistent each step in its deliberative process to the with the Appointments Clause of the Con- Congress would destroy my ability to speak stitution. H.R. 2507 would effectively give as the single voice of a unitary executive. these boards unilateral authority to make I am also troubled by the increasingly fre- decisions concerning major research initia- quent imposition of reporting requirements. tives. As a policy matter, these decisions H.R. 2507 imposes a significant number of should be made by the President’s chief of- new reporting requirements on an executive ficer on health issues: the Secretary of branch that already suffers under the bur- Health and Human Services. More fun- den of literally thousands of such require- damentally, however, the Appointments ments. Last October, I noted that ‘‘taken Clause requires that officers vested with this together such reports put a heavy burden type of power be appointed by the Presi- on the reporting agencies at a time of scarce dent by and with the advice and consent resources.’’ Thus, I called for ‘‘an effort to of the Senate. Instead, H.R. 2507 provides minimize reporting requirements, both in that they are to be appointed by the Sec- terms of the number and frequency of re- retary of Health and Human Services and ports that must be submitted, as well as then purports to circumscribe the discretion the level of detail required.’’ Bills such as of the appointing authority by imposing var- H.R. 2507 move us in the opposite direc- ious requirements concerning the boards’ tion. composition. H.R. 2507’s provisions regard- For these reasons, I am returning H.R. ing the Scientific and Technical Board on 2507 without my approval, and I ask the Biomedical and Behavioral Research Facili- Congress to adopt a simple extension of ties and the Office of Research on Women’s those appropriations authorizations for the Health likewise raise Appointments Clause National Institutes of Health that need to problems. be extended. In addition, H.R. 2507 contains reporting requirements that impair the separation of GEORGE BUSH powers. For example, the bill would require the Director of the National Cancer Insti- The White House, tute to submit to specified committees of June 23, 1992.

Nomination of Christopher H. Phillips To Be a Member of the Board of Directors of the United States Institute of Peace June 23, 1992

The President today announced his inten- of the term expiring January 19, 1993. He tion to nominate Christopher H. Phillips, would succeed Evron M. Kirkpatrick. of the District of Columbia, to be a member Since 1991 Ambassador Phillips has of the Board of Directors of the United served as a consultant to the U.S. Depart- States Institute of Peace for the remainder ment of State. From 1989 to 1991, he

1006 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / June 24 served as Ambassador to Brunei. Ambas- Development, 1965–69; and U.S. Rep- sador Phillips has also served as president resentative on the United Nations Eco- of the U.S.-China Business Council, 1973– nomic and Social Council, 1958–61. 86; Deputy Permanent Representative of Ambassador Phillips graduated from Har- the United States to the United Nations, vard University (B.A., 1943). He was born 1970–73; president of the U.S. Council of December 6, 1920, in The Hague, The the International Chamber of Commerce Netherlands. Ambassador Phillips is mar- and secretary-treasurer of the U.S. Business ried, has three children, and resides in and Industry Advisory Committee to the Washington, DC. Organization for Economic Cooperation and

Nomination of Nancy M. Dowdy To Be Special Representative for Arms Control Negotiations and Disarmament June 23, 1992

The President today announced his inten- She served at the University of Chicago in tion to nominate Nancy M. Dowdy, of the the office of the vice president as assistant District of Columbia, to be Special Rep- vice president for research and for the Ar- resentative for Arms Control Negotiations gonne National Laboratory, 1983–89. and Disarmament (Chief Science Adviser). Dr. Dowdy graduated from St. Louis Uni- Since 1989 Dr. Dowdy has served at the versity (B.S., 1960) and the University of Arms Control and Disarmament Agency as Illinois (M.S., 1961; Ph.D., 1966). She was Representative to the Joint Compliance and born October 25, 1938, in Jackson, MS. Dr. Inspection Commission in Geneva, 1991– Dowdy currently resides in Washington, present, and Representative to the Strategic DC. Arms Reduction Talks in Geneva, 1989–91.

Message to the Congress Transmitting Proposed Legislation on Credit Availability and Regulatory Relief June 24, 1992

To the Congress of the United States: risk of loss. Rigid supervisory formulas dis- I am pleased to transmit for your imme- tort business decisions and discourage diate consideration and enactment the banks, thrifts, and credit unions from pursu- ‘‘Credit Availability and Regulatory Relief ing their core lending activities. In 1991, Act of 1992.’’ This proposed legislation will the Nation’s banks spent an estimated $10.7 enhance the availability of credit in the billion on regulatory compliance, or over 59 economy by reducing regulatory burdens on percent of the system’s entire annual profit. depository institutions. Also transmitted is We cannot allow this unnecessary and op- a section-by-section analysis. pressive burden to continue weighing down The regulatory burden on the Nation’s fi- the consumer and business lending that will nancial intermediaries has reached a level fuel economic recovery. that imposes unacceptable costs on the The Credit Availability and Regulatory economy as a whole. Needless regulations Relief Act of 1992 reduces or eliminates a restrict credit, slowing economic growth and wide range of these unnecessary financial job creation. Excessive costs weaken finan- institution costs. Among the significant cial institutions, exposing the taxpayer to the changes that would be made by the bill are:

1007 June 24 / Administration of George Bush, 1992

• Elimination of the requirement that can extend to another, thus retaining banking agencies develop detailed the Federal Reserve’s existing flexibility ‘‘micromanagement’’ regulations for to supervise the payments system with- every aspect of an institution’s manage- out unduly inhibiting correspondent rial and operational conduct, from the banking relationships. compensation of employees to the ratio These changes, and the others made by of market value to book value of an the bill, will result in significant reductions institution’s stock; to the administrative costs of depository in- • Enactment of a statutory requirement stitutions—costs that are currently passed that the regulations of the various Fed- on to borrowers in the form of restricted eral banking agencies be as uniform as credit and higher priced loans. possible, to avoid the complexity, in- I would like to emphasize that none of consistencies, and comparative distor- the bill’s provisions will compromise in any tions that result from widely varying way the safety and soundness of the finan- regulatory practices; cial system. The legislation makes no • Reduction of audit costs, by returning changes to those elements of the Adminis- auditors to their traditional function of tration’s proposed supervisory reforms that investigating the accuracy of depository the Congress did adopt last year. All existing institution financial statements and capital standards will remain in force and eliminating the costly and misguided will be neither weakened nor modified by expansion of their role over legal and the proposed legislation; the ‘‘prompt cor- managerial matters; rective action’’ framework mandating swift • Alleviation of the significant paperwork regulatory responses to developing institu- burden imposed by the Community tional problems will remain unchanged; and Reinvestment Act on small, rural de- bank regulators will continue to have excep- pository institutions without exempting tionally tough enforcement powers. such institutions from the substantive The legislation I am transmitting to you requirements to satisfy the credit needs today is a broad and responsible solution of their entire communities—coupled to one of the major problems facing our with creation of incentives for institu- financial system. The financial industry, the tions to reach higher levels of compli- economy, and the public generally will ben- ance by streamlining expansion proce- efit from enactment of this regulatory relief. dures for institutions with outstanding I therefore urge the Congress to give high Community Reinvestment Act ratings; priority to the passage of the Administra- and tion’s reforms. • Elimination of the requirement that GEORGE BUSH the Federal Reserve write detailed ‘‘bright line’’ regulations on the The White House, amounts of credit that one depository June 24, 1992.

Statement on the Balanced Budget Amendment June 24, 1992

This morning, I met with Members of the amendment. Their votes demonstrated their House of Representatives, Republicans and willingness to stand up to the special interests Democrats, who earlier this month voted in who perpetuate the status quo of deficit favor of a balanced budget constitutional spending. Their votes show they take amendment. I thanked them for the courage, seriously the intolerable legacy of debt vision, and responsibility they displayed sup- that future generations will inherit if we porting the balanced budget constitutional do not take prompt action to control

1008 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / June 24

Federal spending. Now we must act to lay the groundwork The American people overwhelmingly for the future. I can and will take the com- support a balanced budget constitutional pelling case for a balanced budget constitu- amendment. On June 10, we came within tional amendment to the American people. just nine votes of achieving the two-thirds I seek a permanent partnership for fiscal majority needed to pass the amendment in responsibility that bears no party label. I the House of Representatives. We came plan to work closely with Members of Con- very close to accomplishing our goal. At a gress from both parties who support the minimum, we created an atmosphere in amendment to find the nine missing votes which the Federal Government is watching and then raise the issue again. In every way more carefully how it spends taxpayers’ possible, we will press our fight to restrain money. Federal spending once and for all.

Statement on the Supreme Court Decision on the Lee v. Weisman Case June 24, 1992

I am very disappointed by the Supreme ticular religions and protect freedom of con- Court’s decision in Lee v. Weisman. The science, we should not remain neutral to- Court said that a simple nondenominational ward religion itself. In this case, I believe prayer thanking God for the liberty of that the Court has unnecessarily cast away America at a public school graduation cere- the venerable and proper American tradi- mony violates the first amendment. America tion of nonsectarian prayer at public cele- is a land of religious pluralism, and this is brations. I continue to believe that this type one of our Nation’s greatest strengths. of prayer should be allowed in public While we must remain neutral toward par- schools.

Nomination of David Heywood Swartz To Be United States Ambassador to Byelarus June 24, 1992

The President today announced his inten- Warsaw, Poland, 1984–88, and consul gen- tion to nominate David Heywood Swartz, eral at the U.S. consulate general in Cal- of Virginia, to be Ambassador of the United gary, Alberta, Canada, 1983–84. He at- States of America to the Republic of tended the Canadian Defense College in Byelarus. This is a new position. Kingston, Ontario, Canada, 1982–83, and Currently Mr. Swartz serves as Charge´ served as consul general at the U.S. con- d’Affaires in Minsk, Byelarus. Prior to this, sulate general in Zurich, Switzerland, 1980– he served at the Department of State as 82. senior inspector in the Office of Inspector Mr. Swartz graduated from Southwestern General, 1991–92; dean of the School of College (B.A., 1964) and Florida State Uni- Language Studies at the Foreign Service In- versity (M.A., 1966). He was born March stitute, 1989–91; and staff director at the 3, 1942, in Chicago, IL. Mr. Swartz is mar- Nuclear Risk Reduction Center, 1988–89. ried, has two children, and resides in Mr. Swartz has also served as Deputy Chief Vienna, VA. of Mission at the American Embassy in

1009 June 24 / Administration of George Bush, 1992

Nomination of H. Douglas Barclay To Be a Member of the Board of Directors of the Overseas Private Investment Corporation June 24, 1992

The President today announced his inten- rectors of KeyCorp and its subsidiaries and tion to nominate H. Douglas Barclay, of as an officer and general counsel to various New York, to be a member of the Board other corporations. Mr. Barclay served in of Directors of the Overseas Private Invest- the New York State Senate from 1965 to ment Corporation, U.S. International De- 1984. velopment Cooperation Agency, for a term Mr. Barclay graduated from Yale College expiring December 17, 1994. This is a re- (B.A., 1955) and Syracuse University Col- appointment. lege of Law (J.D., 1961). He served as a Since 1961, Mr. Barclay has served as a commissioned officer in the U.S. Army Re- partner and associate with the law firm of serve. He was born July 5, 1932, in New Hiscock and Barclay in Syracuse, NY. Mr. York, NY. Mr. Barclay is married, has five Barclay has also served on the board of di- children, and resides in Pulaski, NY.

Appointment of James L. Pavitt as Special Assistant to the President for National Security Affairs June 24, 1992

The President today announced the ap- official, served in a variety of intelligence pointment of James L. Pavitt, of Virginia, assignments in Europe, Asia, and Washing- to be Special Assistant to the President for ton, DC. He also served as an intelligence National Security Affairs. He will also serve officer with the U.S. Army, 1969–71. as Senior Director for Intelligence Pro- Mr. Pavitt graduated from the University grams. of Missouri (B.A., 1968) and was a National Mr. Pavitt is currently Director for Intel- Defense Education Act fellow at Clark Uni- ligence Programs at the National Security versity (1969). He is a member of Phi Beta Council, a position he has held since August Kappa. Mr. Pavitt was born February 19, 1990. Prior to joining the NSC staff, Mr. 1946, in St. Louis, MO. He has two children Pavitt, a career Central Intelligence Agency and resides in McLean, VA.

Appointment of Douglas Alan Brook as Acting Director of the Office of Personnel Management June 24, 1992

The President today announced that Washington, DC. Mr. Brook also served Douglas Alan Brook, of Virginia, will serve with Libbey-Owens-Ford Co. in Washing- as Acting Director of the Office of Person- ton as vice president, 1979–82, and director nel Management, effective July 1, 1992. of public affairs, 1976–79. Currently Mr. Brook serves as Assistant Mr. Brook graduated from the University Secretary of the Army for Financial Man- of Michigan (B.A., 1965; M.A., 1967). He agement. From 1982 to 1990, he served as served in the U.S. Navy on active duty, president of Brook Associates, Inc., in 1968–70, and in the Naval Reserve, 1971 to

1010 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / June 25 present. He was born January 15, 1944, in sides in Vienna, VA. Chicago, IL. Mr. Brook is married and re-

Nomination of John H. Miller To Be a Member of the Board of Directors of the National Institute of Building Sciences June 24, 1992

The President today announced his inten- the firm of Close, Jensen and Miller in tion to nominate John H. Miller, of Con- Wethersfield, CT, as partner, 1957–75, and necticut, to be a member of the Board of president, 1975–present. Directors of the National Institute of Build- Mr. Miller graduated from Trinity Col- ing Sciences for the term expiring Septem- lege (B.S., 1952) and Rensselaer Poly- ber 7, 1992, and for a term expiring Sep- technic Institute (B.S.C.E., 1953). He was tember 7, 1995. He would succeed Fred born September 11, 1930, in New Britain, E. Hummel. CT. Mr. Miller is married, has three chil- Since 1957, Mr. Miller has served with dren, and resides in Wethersfield, CT.

Remarks at a Roundtable Discussion on Education Reform June 25, 1992

The President. Good morning, everyone, kee—but what I’ve heard about is the enor- and welcome. Excuse me for keeping you mous success it’s been. So what I wanted all waiting. But what we want to do here to do is to not put all of you on the spot is talk about choice in education. I remem- with all this attention but literally, in an ber the GI bill working so well. It did noth- unstructured way, hear from the families. ing but make the colleges better. It’s our Lamar, before I turn quickly to the Gov- theory that choice, at the level that we’re ernor, do you want to say anything? going to talk about it today, can do nothing Secretary Alexander. Well, only this, Mr. but make things better. But here’s the firing President. line; here are people from the Governor on The President. Our Secretary of Edu- down right to the very most important level, cation. Tommy, yours and mine, is the family level. So I’ve been interested in this since the Secretary Alexander. I think Milwaukee first—one of the early meetings we had in has the opportunity to be the pioneer here 1989 was on school choice. I think it’s an because you have a bipartisan group in the idea whose time has come. State government who have used State But what I wanted to do today is, just funds to give middle- and low-income, or before we go out and announce this ‘‘GI give low-income families more choices of bill’’ for lower levels of education, perhaps the schools wealthier people have. Now the most important levels of education, is you’ve got private business stepping up and to hear from you all. Lamar Alexander has expanding those choices to include religious been our point man. This fits beautifully schools. Then your ‘‘GI bill’’ for kids proposal into a program we call America 2000, which would put the Federal Government into the encourages innovation at the local, the fam- action, and if Milwaukee wants to, give ily, the State level. What I’ve heard about— Milwaukee about $72 million. That would and since I remember talking to some of be a $1,000 scholarship for that many chil- you all about this when I was in Milwau- dren, as long as they could spend it at any

1011 June 25 / Administration of George Bush, 1992 school. So all of that money could go to the school principals and school leaders are the public schools if the public schools can at- ones who know how this works, and I’d tract the children, or the families would rather hear from them. have the absolute choice to take the money, tell private schools to meet the needs of Note: The President spoke at 9:20 a.m. in children. the Roosevelt Room at the White House. In I think I’ll stop there because I think the his remarks, he referred to Gov. Tommy parents here and the teachers and the Thompson of Wisconsin.

Remarks Announcing Proposed Legislation To Establish a ‘‘GI Bill’’ for Children June 25, 1992

Welcome, all. Hey, we’re glad you guys after school. They took the energy and are here. Welcome, welcome, and please be turned it around.’’ seated. All you kids, welcome to the South Now, the Governor here, Tommy Thomp- Lawn of the White House. And to the Vice son, the Governor of Wisconsin, is here with President and Mrs. Quayle and Secretary us today. I’m sorry that Polly Williams, Alexander, a warm welcome. A particularly who’s been at the forefront of the school warm welcome to the Members of Con- choice movement, couldn’t be here, but gress, both House and Senate, that are with she’s at home looking after her mother. I us today. Welcome to all of you, our very would salute her values. But we miss her special guests, on this special occasion. very, very much. Together, Polly and I have just come from a working session Tommy Thompson, the Governor, have in the White House, working with some of taken the lead in helping parents like Ja- the great experts on school choice. The par- nette Williams realize her dreams for her ents, I think, made the most significant con- son Javon, creating scholarships for 1,000 tribution to our working session because Milwaukee children from low-income fami- their dreams for their kids are the same lies so that they can attend private schools. dreams that all of us have. They want their Now, theirs is a bold experiment, to give kids to have a first-class education. They low-income families more of the same know from practical experience that a good choices of schools already available to education is absolutely essential to making wealthier families. a good living and to making a good life. Mike Joyce of the Bradley Foundation So let me just share a little from that was also in our meeting. And Bradley re- meeting. Janette Williams told me about her cently joined with other foundations and son, Javon. The Williamses are here with Milwaukee businesses to raise $3 million so us somewhere here today—whoops, here that Milwaukee’s low-income families will she is over here. Her kid starred on ‘‘60 be able to choose their family’s schools, in- Minutes,’’ and that says something about cluding the religious schools. Mike told us the guy, if you go on that program and this morning that parents picked up every come off in one piece. [Laughter] He must one of the 4,500 scholarship applications the be doing real well. But here’s what she said, day after the scholarships were announced, and this is serious. She said, ‘‘At his old 4,500, that fast. And don’t let anybody tell school that was crowded, he used to get you that the people of Milwaukee don’t care so bored that he would walk out. And about their kids’ education. thanks to the choice program in Milwaukee, No one should underestimate what’s at he’s at a new school. He’s not doing those stake here. A revolution is underway in Mil- things anymore. He’s doing his homework; waukee and across this country, a revolution he’s even helping clean up the classroom to make American schools the best in

1012 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / June 25 the world. I salute our Secretary of Edu- helping State and local governments—and cation who is helping lead that revolution, we’re delighted the Mayor of Milwaukee is Lamar Alexander. with us here today—this time by helping Together with the Nation’s Governors, State and local governments create the best we’ve set six ambitious national education elementary and secondary schools in the goals. And I might say that this wasn’t a world. The ‘‘GI bill’’ for children will help. partisan move; Democrats and Republicans It’ll provide that help to these families. alike of the Governors coming together to These dollars to spend at the schools of set six ambitious national education goals. their choice will become the muscle that In 44 States and 1,400 communities, we’ve parents need to create the best schools for already launched America 2000 to meet their kids. these goals. Let me say to those who will attack our Even earlier still, in January 1989, just school choice initiative on the ground that before I was sworn in as President, we it permits Government money to go to reli- helped organize the White House Con- gious schools, you’re wrong. I believe those ference on Choice in Education. We be- critics are wrong. This is aid to the families, lieved then and we believe today a few fun- not aid to institutions. And again, if you set damental truths. We believe that parents the clock back to the creation of that origi- are their children’s first teachers. Parents, nal GI bill, no one told the GI’s that they not bureaucrats, know what’s best for their couldn’t go to S.M.U. or Notre Dame or kids. Yeshiva or Howard. I haven’t heard Mem- At this point I would like to salute one bers of Congress suggest that students stop of the two in purple, Barbara Bush—[laugh- using Pell grants and guaranteed student ter]—for her pointing this out to parents, loans at Baptist colleges or Presbyterian that it’s what they do, what happens in their seminaries. I don’t hear an outcry because home. Barbara’s done a lot of that here and poor children at Catholic schools get their around the country. I might say that lunch paid for by Federal taxpayers. In the Marilyn Quayle’s taking that same message same way, parents must be free to use this of parental involvement all across our coun- money at the school they believe will best try, and we’re very grateful to her. teach their child, whether the school is pub- So, it is our belief then that parents, not lic, private, or religious. Let me try to be the Government, should choose their chil- clear on this point: Accepting students with dren’s schools. So today I am proposing that vouchers does not mean a school must sac- we take another giant step forward in this rifice school prayer. revolution. I am sending to Congress legisla- And let me say this to those who stand tion that would authorize an ambitious dem- against extending school choice to low- and onstration program, half a billion new Fed- middle-income families: I simply do not buy eral dollars to help communities all across the idea that someone cannot make a good America give $1,000 scholarships to children decision just because that person is poor. of middle- and low-income families so they We heard the same argument when we pro- can choose which schools their kids will at- posed child care vouchers for low-income tend. families or when we proposed help for pub- This revolution is in the greatest Amer- lic housing tenants to own their own homes. ican tradition. We’ve done it before, and So it’s my belief that we ought to let fami- it’s worked. Forty-eight years ago this very lies own their own home and choose their week, President Roosevelt signed the GI own schools regardless of their income level bill, creating scholarships that veterans and give them help. Give them a shot at could use at any college, any college of their the American dream, if you will. choice. The GI bill created opportunity for Finally, to those who claim that school Americans who never would have had it, choice will hurt the public schools, let me and in doing so it helped create the best underscore this point: All of this new money system of colleges and universities in the can go to public schools if that’s where the world. child chooses to go, where the family Now we can do that again, this time by chooses to have the kid go. That de-

1013 June 25 / Administration of George Bush, 1992 cision will be in the hands of families, where all of you. In San Antonio, the CEO Foun- it belongs. dation has earmarked $1.5 million in vouch- There are several points to make about ers for children in their community. Califor- money. First, I want to make it clear that nia: Joe Alibrandi and thousands of support- we’re not talking here about a new Federal ers are pushing for a ballot initiative to pro- entitlement program. The Federal Govern- vide voucher scholarships for every school- ment cannot afford one more entitlement, age child in the State. Overall in 1991, 10 even for education. I’ve said many times States approved some form of new choice that money alone isn’t the answer. The legislation, and 37 States had choice legisla- United States already spends more per stu- tion pending in one form or another. dent for schools than any country in the I’ve been told that there may just be a world except Switzerland. I don’t have to few folks here from Pennsylvania. [Ap- tell you where we stand in the international plause] We’re outnumbered. Well, it may rankings of educational performance at the take a few tries, but I never underestimate level we’re talking about here today. Our the persistence of parents: The children of universities and colleges are respected and Pennsylvania will have school choice. have achieved the highest levels of achieve- From California to East Harlem, from ment. But that, unfortunately, is not true coast to coast, the leaders of the school as we talk about K through 12. So we need choice movement are sparking a revolution a revolution in American education, not in American education. They’re the true he- more money to do it the same old way. roes of this education reform, and some of Investment in our schools will remain a them are here with us today. They aren’t primarily State and local responsibility. But afraid to stand up to the status quo, to say Federal support for State and local scholar- loud and clear that when it comes to edu- ships can be a catalyst. For schools that at- cating our kids, business-as-usual simply tract choice students, it will give teachers isn’t good enough. Let there be no mistake: and principals a welcome source of new Barbara and I and the Vice President and funds. For our children, choice can help Marilyn, and certainly our Secretary, are open up opportunities, create genuine very proud to stand with you. change in our schools. You see, this revolution will succeed. It For too long, we’ve shielded schools from will succeed because it draws its strength competition, allowed our schools a damag- from the very heart of the American creed. ing monopoly power over our children. This We have no truth more enduring than the monopoly turns students into statistics and idea that every American should have the turns parents into pawns. It is time we opportunity for a first-class education. We began thinking of a system of public edu- have no principles more important than cation in which many providers offer a mar- freedom, opportunity, and choice. ketplace of opportunities, opportunities that So thank you very, very much. And look give all of our children choices and access at it this way, you’re doing the Lord’s work to the best education in the world. And so for our Nation’s future, and you’re doing it is our firm belief, it is our firm belief it for the young people of this country. We that this ‘‘GI bill’’ for children will move are grateful to all of you. And may God America inevitably in that direction. bless the United States. And now I will sign Abraham Lincoln once said, ‘‘Revolutions this legislation. do not go backward.’’ Milwaukee is not the only place in America that our revolution is underway. Last year in Indianapolis, Pat Rooney and the Educational CHOICE Charitable Trust began to offer tuition vouchers to Indianapolis students. I under- Note: The President spoke at 10:20 a.m. on stand a bus-load of parents and students the South Lawn at the White House. In his drove all night to be here today. If you’re remarks, he referred to Polly Williams, Wis- still awake, welcome, a special welcome to consin State legislator.

1014 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / June 25

Message to the Congress Transmitting Proposed Legislation To Establish a ‘‘GI Bill’’ for Children June 25, 1992

To the Congress of the United States: cation Goals. In addition, the legislation will Forty-eight years ago this week, President create a marketplace of educational oppor- Franklin Roosevelt signed the GI Bill. With tunities to help improve all schools; engage the hope of duplicating the success of that parents in their children’s schooling; and historic legislation, I am pleased to transmit encourage creation of other academic pro- for your immediate consideration and enact- grams for children before and after school, ment the ‘‘Federal Grants for State and on weekends, or during school vacations. Local ‘GI Bills’ for Children.’’ This proposal Once this proposal is enacted, any State is a crucial component of our efforts to help or locality can apply for enough Federal the country achieve the National Education funds to give each child of a middle- or Goals by the year 2000. Also transmitted low-income family a $1,000 annual scholar- is a section-by-section analysis. ship. The governmental unit would have to This legislation would authorize half-a-bil- take significant steps to provide a choice lion new Federal dollars in fiscal year 1993, of schools to families with school children and additional amounts in later years, to in the area and permit families to spend help States and communities give $1,000 the $1,000 Federal scholarships at a wide scholarships to middle- and low-income variety of public and private schools. It children. Families may spend these scholar- would have to allow all lawfully operating ships at any lawfully operating school of schools in the area—public, private, and re- their choice—public, private, or religious. ligious—to participate if they choose. The result would be to give middle- and The Secretary of Education would select low-income families consumer power—dol- grantees on the basis of: (1) the number lars to spend at any school they choose. This and variety of choices made available to is the muscle parents need to transform our families; (2) the extent to which the appli- education system and create the best cant has provided educational choices to all schools in the world for all our children. children, including children who are not eli- At the close of World War II, the Federal gible for scholarships; (3) the proportion of Government created the GI Bill giving vet- children who will participate who are from erans scholarships to use at any college of low-income families; and (4) the applicant’s their choice—public, private, or religious. financial support (including private support) This consumer power gave veterans oppor- for the project. tunity, helped to create the best system of The maximum family income for eligible colleges and universities in the world, and children would be determined by the grant- gave America a new generation of leaders. ee, but it could not exceed the higher of the Now that the Cold War is over, the Federal State or national median income, adjusted Government should help State and local for family size. All eligible children in the governments create GI Bills for children. project area would receive scholarships, as Under this approach, scholarships would be long as sufficient funds are available. If all available for middle- and low-income par- eligible children cannot participate, the ents to use at the elementary or secondary grantee would provide scholarships to those school of their choice. with the lowest family incomes. Students This bill will give middle- and low-income would continue to receive scholarships over families more of the same choices available the 4-year life of a project unless they leave to wealthier families. Through families, it school, move out of the area, or no longer will provide new funds at the school site meet the income criteria. Up to $500 of that teachers and principals can use to help each scholarship may be used for other aca- all children achieve the high educational demic programs for children before and standards called for by the National Edu- after school, on weekends, or during school

1015 June 25 / Administration of George Bush, 1992 vacations. of Education would conduct a comprehen- This bill provides aid to families, not insti- sive evaluation of these demonstration tutions. However, as a condition of partici- projects. The evaluation would assess the pating in this program, a school must com- impact of the program in such areas as edu- ply with Federal anti-discrimination provi- cational achievement and parents’ involve- sions of: section 601 of title VI of the Civil ment in, and satisfaction with, their chil- Rights Act of 1964 (race), section 901 of dren’s education. Title IX of the Education Amendments of I urge the Congress to take prompt and 1972 (gender), and section 504 of the Reha- favorable action on this legislation. bilitation Act of 1973 (disability). GEORGE BUSH Funding is authorized at $500 million in FY 1993, and ‘‘such sums as may be nec- The White House, essary’’ through FY 2000. The Department June 25, 1992.

Remarks on the Railroad Strike and an Exchange With Reporters June 25, 1992

The President. Let me just simply say that Q. Mr. President, are you amenable to we’re now in the second day of a national a 30-day cooling-off period and the appoint- rail strike. And Secretary Card and his asso- ment of—— ciates and others have worked all night, The President. Look, we want that matter working with a bipartisan group on Capitol resolved once and for all. And that’s what Hill to get the legislation to stop this strike. the administration position is—— The trains are not moving as of this minute, Q. Mr. President, did you make a mistake however. Clearly the national interest is at the other day—— stake here. We now face a complete halt The President. ——that’s in the best in- of passenger and commuter rail lines. I urge terest of the American people. the House and Senate to act to end this strike today; the national interest requires Perot Investigations no less. There must be no further delay. Q. Mr. President, did you make a mistake So I salute the Secretary and his people the other day when you criticized Ross at the Department of Transportation, those Perot in an indirect fashion concerning the Members that are working to end this possible—— strike. But it must happen, and it should The President. I’m not taking any ques- happen today. tions on that here, Jim [Jim Miklaszewski, Q. What is the holdup? NBC News]. Thank you very much. Nice The President. Well, Andy can give you try. more detail, but there’s a difference of opin- Q. Well, did you write a very amenable, ion amongst some of the Senators, I mean, friendly letter to him? some of the House Members and Senators. The President. Yes, I certainly did. But the point is, no finger pointing here, Q. Why, if he investigated your children? I just want to use this office to encourage The President. Well, go look at the dates, the Congress to move and move fast and is the only thing I can suggest. settle this matter once and for all. I believe Q. But do you think he did investigate they can do it. In fact, I think they should your kids? do it. The President. I don’t know, Rita [Rita Q. Well, is there something happening Beamish, Associated Press]. And I’m not today that you know of? going to take any more questions on it. The President. Well, talking’s still going Q. Do you know anything abut Repub- on on the legislation, yes. lican dirty tricks?

1016 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / June 25

The President. I’m not going to take any Note: The President spoke at 11:56 a.m. in more questions. Jim, you guys are getting the Oval Office at the White House, prior a little hard of hearing here today. [Laugh- to a meeting with Secretary of Transpor- ter] tation Andrew H. Card, Jr. A tape was not available for verification of the content of these remarks.

Remarks to the College Republican Convention June 25, 1992

The President. Thank you all very much. though, it rests on the next generation. In Audience members. Four more years! just the last 4 years the world as we’ve Four more years! Four more years! Bush- known it before is gone. Our mission for Quayle in ’92! Bush-Quayle in ’92! Bush- the next 4 years is to shape the next 40 Quayle in ’92! years, and we can do it. The President. Thank you so very much. I need your help in the fall elections. And Let me start by thanking Tony. And lest the fall elections must be a referendum on some of you don’t know it, he has done some big ideas: what kind of economy we’ll a first-class job in this centennial year as have in the future, what kind of families, president of the College Republicans. It is and really it’s this big, what kind of world. the best party on campus. And thank you In America, blood, sweat, and tears have all for this warm and enthusiastic welcome. literally changed the face of the Earth, and Let me tell you something. Let me let American strength and determination have you and the rest of the world in on a secret: consequences. Look around the world. You I finish what I start. I am going to be re- don’t hear one single thing about it in this elected for 4 more years. You know, we’ve strange campaign year, but it’s your credit heard the drumbeat for change; we’ve even and ours and Ronald Reagan’s and every- heard the saxophone for change. I have body that’s gone before us. news: You and I, we are the change. You give us 4 more years and give us, hopefully, Let me tell you what to remind the crit- a Republican House and a Republican Sen- ics. Let me tell you what to remind the ate and then watch the change, Republican critics and those who would have hacked style. away at our defense spending. Eastern Eu- You know, some have gotten so caught rope is free. Germany is reunified. Ancient up in the moment that they’ve forgotten the enemies are talking peace in the Middle hour, so caught up in changing course that East. And our own hemisphere, look south they’ve forgotten where we’re headed. I of our border, is almost totally democratic. know where I’m headed, and I aim, with Imperial communism is dead and buried. your help and with the help of the Con- And just last week, standing in the Rose gress, to lead America along to a future of Garden, a democratically elected President good jobs, fueled by free trade, by low of Russia stood with me in the Rose Garden taxes. And I will keep on vetoing the Demo- as we announced the most sweeping nuclear cratic tax bills that come down our way arms cut in history. That is a sound record every day. to take to the American people. We will lead to a future where families The doomsday clock and the bomb shel- stick together and fathers stick around and ters and the nightmares of our children, to another American century, a world of they’re folding out of the picture, and that’s hard-won peace and growing freedom. something to be proud of, that these kids Some would say, ‘‘Well, this is a tall order.’’ tonight don’t go to bed with the same kind They’re right, and that’s exactly because our of fear of nuclear war. Let’s take credit for vision doesn’t ride on the next election, that change and take that case to the Amer-

1017 June 25 / Administration of George Bush, 1992 ican people. in the next, to clean up the environment Let me just add this on the foreign side and keep this world safe and sound, and of things. While the world has become more we’re going to do it. We passed the Ameri- free, it is less certain. The Soviet bear may cans with Disabilities Act, the most forward- be a creature of the past, and it is, imperial looking piece of civil rights legislation in the Soviet communism. But there are plenty of last few years, and it says to the disabled, wolves out there, and you know who they hey, you’re going to be part of the main- are. This is no fantasy of some cold warrior; stream, not kept out, not pushed aside. these are the realities of the new world. Take that one out there to the college cam- From where I sit as President, I can see, puses and to the American people. I can survey the situation. There are real differences here, and remember this one, Sometimes when you have a Congress real differences with our opponents. Come controlled by politically active Democrat lib- next November we’re going to take it to erals, you’ve got to keep bad things from the American people that America is safe happening. And the record is, Bush 30, on but only as long as we remain strong. And these vetoes, Congress 0. as long as I’m President, we are going to Let me just say a word on the veto. It’s stay strong. tough sometimes to stand up against what Audience members. Four more years! might be seemed and designated in the pa- Four more years! Four more years! pers as a popular position. But principle de- The President. You know, Ronald Reagan, mands that a President do what might not speaking of being safe as long as we’re be popular, do what is principled, and I strong, my predecessor knew this all along. believe that Government should work for President Reagan’s picture of history has the people, not the other way around. The been vindicated. Now we’ve built on this system is broken, and we’re going to fix it. legacy. And our actions in the Gulf—don’t Let me say this one: I think the executive listen to these revisionists, those that sat on branch could stand some disciplining, and the sideline criticizing and now that are try- I know very well the Democratic-controlled ing to turn history around. Our actions in Congress could. So everybody in America the Gulf proved that America will stand up for its own interests. We will keep the knows that I’ve proposed an amendment to wolves at bay. And as long as I am Presi- force a balanced Federal budget. They dent, aggression will not stand. know I’ve fought for it, the only Presidential Some say, how come the difference be- candidate to support it, and I am not going tween domestic policy, the difficulty to to give up that fight. I need your help. move things that we need and want on the It’s just this simple: The Government is domestic scene compared to how things too big, and it spends too much. The Amer- work abroad? The answer is, I did not have ican people know that, and the American to get permission from some subcommittee people are with us when I call for what controlled by the Democrats to kick Sad- 43 Governors have in the States, 43 Gov- dam Hussein out of Kuwait. When Amer- ernors, and I’m saying: Give me the line- ican lives are threatened, as they were in item veto, and give us a chance to cut down Panama, we took action. And we’d do it on this spending. again to protect American lives. The taxpayers know how the budget gets On the domestic scene, we’ve had some busted: an arrogant, permanent Congress, successes up there on Capitol Hill—it’s unaccountable. The American people are been tough—legislation like our Child Care with us, and the time has come to limit Act which said that parents, parents should the terms of the United States Congress. raise the kids, not the U.S. Government, the Clean Air Act that harnesses the market Another one we’ve got going for us, and forces for a cleaner environment. And we’ve it’s strong, and it’s new, and it’s good, and got a great record to take to the college that is the total reform, a revolution in campuses on the environment. We’ve spent American education. Almost half a trillion $800 billion in the last 10 years, $1.2 trillion dollars is spent at all levels on education

1018 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / June 25 each year. Does anyone think we are getting something was missing from their lives, our money’s worth? something crucial. And my illness helped Audience members. No! me to see what was missing, a little heart, The President. Of course not. So while a lot of brotherhood.’’ Lee Atwater always the opposition stumbles along the beaten had a way of getting to the truth. There path with old ideas, we’ve come out with are millions of Americans, ordinary citizens a brandnew trail. America 2000 is the pro- who are guided by that truth. We call them gram, and it is revolutionizing the way we’ll Points of Light. If every life is a portrait educate our kids. of a person who lives it, they are signing Today I sent up to the Congress the ‘‘GI theirs with charity and good will. They’re bill’’ for children, a bill to help low- and the true heroes of this country. middle-income parents choose what schools Government must not get in the way of can best teach their kids. School choice can what de Tocqueville found, when he came be a catalyst, the force behind a real revolu- to America, was unique about America: the tion in our schools. The theory is this: propensity of one American to help another. Whether it’s public, private, or religious, When I talk about kinder and gentler Na- parents, not governments, will choose their tion, that’s what I mean. Many of you are children’s schools. actively involved, in some way trying to help Not everyone’s going to like what we’re your communities, your neighborhood, your doing. And frankly, I’d have to wonder if colleges, or whatever it is. People who feel some people did. Not everyone is ready for as we do on this, let me say the work is these new ideas. We’re not going to dis- not finished, and neither is ours. And this cover new horizons without the courage to is an age of great, great change for America. lose sight of the shore, and we’re halfway Let me end this way: November 3d is there. so important. These issues, these values that Our journey’s not done. I’ve found that you and I share are the values that most sometimes in this job as President, you have of the American people have. So what we to do something that’s unpopular. The per- will do now is wait for our convention to son that’s there must have a steady hand, be over. I’ll try to keep making decisions must have a proper temperament, must that affect the welfare of America by mov- have an experienced eye, and must have ing through some legislation that remains. some vision, some knowledge of the waters But I can’t wait for the day when that Re- ahead. The American people know that publican Convention is over, and I am going there’s a flip side to change, and that is to roll up my sleeves with you at my side, called trust. I believe I have been a Presi- and we are going to go after those Demo- dent to earn the trust of the American peo- crats. ple. Audience members. Four more years! Audience members. Four more years! Four more years! Four more years! Four more years! Four more years! The President. Let’s see, I’m thinking The President. The American people back, for 6 months I’ve stood out there as know this, too, that we’ve got to ground a spear-catcher for five Democrats and now our drive for change in some things that one independent. Let me tell you, I know do not or should not change, things like how to take it, but I also know how to dish values and family and faith. Too many it out. We haven’t even begun yet. We Americans now feel that the country’s on haven’t even started. Five months, five the wrong track. And how do we get it back months of pounding in that political arena, on? We take the first step when we put and I have not yet begun to fight. But when the American family first. I am going to I do, with you at my side, we are going keep on fighting to find ways to strengthen to win on November 3d. the American family. Thank you all, and God bless you. And A man who served as executive director God bless the United States of America. of this organization once said, ‘‘Long before Thank you very much. I was struck with cancer, I felt something stirring in American society. It was the sense among the people of this country that Note: The President spoke at 3:10 p.m. at

1019 June 25 / Administration of George Bush, 1992 the Omni Shoreham Hotel. In his remarks, the College Republican National Committee. he referred to Tony Zagotta, chairman of

Message to the Congress Reporting Budget Deferrals June 25, 1992

To the Congress of the United States: riculture. The details of the deferrals are In accordance with the Congressional contained in the attached reports. Budget and Impoundment Control Act of GEORGE BUSH 1974, I herewith report two revised deferrals, now totaling $2.2 billion in budgetary The White House, resources. Including the revised deferrals, June 25, 1992. funds withheld in FY 1992 now total $5.7 billion. Note: The reports detailing the deferrals The deferrals affect Funds Appropriated were published in the Federal Register on to the President and the Department of Ag- July 2.

Nomination of Kathryn D. Sullivan To Be Chief Scientist at the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration June 25, 1992

The President today announced his inten- Space Center in Houston, TX. Dr. Sullivan tion to nominate Kathryn D. Sullivan, of graduated from the University of California California, to be Chief Scientist of the Na- at Santa Cruz (B.S., 1973) and Dalhousie tional Oceanic and Atmospheric Administra- University, Halifax, Nova Scotia (Ph.D., tion, Department of Commerce. She would 1978). She serves in the U.S. Naval Reserve. succeed Sylvia Alice Earle. Dr. Sullivan was born October 3, 1951, in Since 1990, Dr. Sullivan has served as Paterson, NJ, and currently resides in Hous- NASA Mission Specialist at the Johnson ton, TX.

Nomination of C.C. Hope, Jr., To Be a Member of the Board of Directors of the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation June 25, 1992

The President today announced his inten- served as vice chairman of the First Union tion to nominate C.C. Hope, Jr., of North National Bank in Charlotte, NC. Carolina, to be a member of the Board of Mr. Hope graduated from Wake Forest Directors of the Federal Deposit Insurance University (B.S., 1943). He served in the Corporation for a term expiring February U.S. Navy from 1943 to 1945. He was born 28, 1993. This is a reappointment. February 5, 1920, in Charlotte, NC. Mr. Since 1986, Mr. Hope has served as a Hope is married, has three children, and member of the Board of Directors of the resides in Alexandria, VA. Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation. He

1020 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / June 26

Nomination of Terrence B. Adamson To Be a Member of the Board of Directors of the State Justice Institute June 25, 1992

The President today announced his inten- bertson in Atlanta, GA, 1983–91, and as an tion to nominate Terrence B. Adamson, of associate with Hansell, Post, Brandon & Georgia, to be a member of the Board of Dorsey, 1974–77. Mr. Adamson also served Directors of the State Justice Institute for as a fellow at the Institute of Politics at a term expiring September 17, 1994. This the Kennedy School of Government of Har- is a reappointment. vard University, 1979–80. Since 1991, Mr. Adamson has served as Mr. Adamson graduated from Emory a partner with the law firm of Donovan, University (B.A., 1968; J.D., 1973). He also Leisure, Rogovin, Huge, and Schiller in served in the National Guard. Mr. Adamson Washington, DC. He served as a partner is married, has three children, and resides with the law firm of Dow, Lohnes and Al- in Washington, DC.

Statement by Press Secretary Fitzwater on the President’s Signing of Legislation To Resolve the Railroad Labor Dispute June 26, 1992

The President is pleased that Congress, that proves impossible, the bill also offers with bipartisan cooperation, has met its re- a fair way to resolve any impasse and keep sponsibility to end the rail crisis. The legis- the railroads and our economy moving. lation the President has just signed will offer an opportunity for labor and management Note: H.J. Res. 517, approved June 26, was to settle the issues between themselves. If assigned Public Law No. 102–306.

Remarks at a Ceremony Marking the Return of the Remains of Ignacy Paderewski to Poland June 26, 1992

Please be seated. This is a little much. Ambassador Dziewanowski’s here. Presi- But listen, I am so pleased to see so many dent Walesa’s Chief of Staff is here, Mr.— distinguished Americans here and so many I’ve got to be sure I pronounce it right— visitors here. Ziolkowski. Where are you, sir? Would you I first want to salute our Secretary, beau- please stand up? We’re just delighted that tifully decked out for this occasion, but I you’re with us. You all know the Ambas- have such confidence in Ed Derwinski and sador sitting out here. But anyway, we know what he’s doing for our country. I don’t him, and we consider him a great friend think there’s anybody who is familiar with of the United States as well as a wonderful U.S.-Polish relations that does not credit Ed advocate for Poland. Derwinski for his commitment and his un- So, welcome, all. Today we begin a series derstanding. And I tell you, I’ve leaned on him for advice all along the way here. So of ceremonies that are fulfilling the dream Ed, we’re delighted you’re here.

1021 June 26 / Administration of George Bush, 1992 of one of the great men of our time, Ignacy tury earlier, people of Polish origin and cul- Jan Paderewski. And I’m so pleased to see ture in America played a critical role in some kin here with us today. It’s most ap- razing the Iron Curtain and launching Eu- propriate. rope into a new era of freedom and unity. This outstanding musical artist and, I We cannot name them all, but we should would add, visionary statesman died in exile honor them just as we do such modern he- in America when the clouds of war and op- roes as President Walesa and His Holiness pression loomed darkest over his native Po- Pope John Paul. land. And by direction of President Franklin Barbara and I are looking forward to our D. Roosevelt, Paderewski’s remains were return to Poland next week, to the warmth given a place of honor for temporary repose of that country, the warmth of its people. right across the river there at Arlington Na- It will be one of the greatest honors of my tional Cemetery, temporary until Poland re- Presidency to take part in the final rites gained its freedom. for Ignacy Paderewski when, to paraphrase That day has come. Poland has thrown the stirring strain of the Polish anthem, he off the yoke of Soviet communism. The will be rejoined with the people of his na- dream of Polish freedom and independence tion. has really become a bright reality, and it’s As with my trip to Poland in July of 1989, getting stronger every single day. Within a we’re making this visit also to demonstrate few days, the distinguished delegation here America’s strong support for Poland’s bold will escort Paderewski’s remains home to movement to democracy and free markets. Poland. On July 5th, and I’m really looking It’s going to be a different Poland from the forward to this, Mr. Ambassador, Barbara country that I visited just 3 years ago. and I will have the privilege of going back Alongside the great success of Poland’s pio- to Poland to attend the solemn requiem neering reforms are the hardships resulting mass at St. John’s Cathedral in Warsaw. from 40 years of Communist mismanage- God gave Paderewski extraordinary tal- ment. I want the Polish people to know that ents, and he was generous in their use. He America stands resolutely with them in their brought the beauty of classical music per- heroic efforts today. formances to hundreds of thousands of lis- There is no way that I can adequately teners around the globe. He shared his fi- thank the many Polish Americans and oth- nancial success with charities and with patri- ers as well who have made this occasion otic causes. He took a leading role in Po- possible. Your steadfast loyalty to America land’s struggle for freedom. And indeed, and to Poland is a great example to me more than anyone else, he was responsible as I conduct the affairs of this office in the for President Wilson’s including Polish inde- office right behind us. pendence among his Fourteen Points for So may God bless you all. May God bless peace following the First World War. Dur- Poland and, of course, the United States ing the period of independence that fol- of America. lowed, he put his talents for statesmanship Now turn the spotlight over here. Thank into practice as Poland’s Prime Minister. you all for coming. His life was truly a symphony. The new birth of freedom in Poland, in- Note: The President spoke at 10:30 a.m. in deed in all of Europe, is in great part due the Rose Garden at the White House. In to the perseverance of millions of people his remarks, he referred to Kazimierz like yourselves here in the United States, Dziewanowski, Polish Ambassador to the people of the Polonia. Just as Paderewski United States, and Janusz Ziolkowski, Polish had fought against dictatorship half a cen- Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs.

1022 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / June 26

Letter to Congressional Leaders Transmitting Proposed Legislation on Utah Public Lands Wilderness Designation June 26, 1992

Dear Mr. Speaker: (Dear Mr. President:) They will provide new and outstanding op- I am pleased to submit for congressional portunities for solitude and unconfined consideration and passage the ‘‘Utah Public recreation. Lands Wilderness Act’’. The enclosed draft legislation provides The Federal Land Policy and Manage- that designation as wilderness shall not con- ment Act of 1976 (FLPMA), (43 U.S.C. stitute a reservation of water or water rights 1701, et seq.), directs the Secretary of the for wilderness purposes. This is consistent Interior to review the wilderness potential with the fact that the Congress did not es- of the public lands. tablish a Federal reserved water right for The review of the areas identified in Utah wilderness purposes. The Administration began immediately after the enactment of has established the policy that, where it is FLPMA and has now been completed. Ap- necessary to obtain water rights for wilder- proximately 3,258,250 acres of public lands ness purposes in a specific wilderness area, in 95 areas in Utah met the minimum wil- water rights would be sought from the State derness criteria and were designated as wil- by filing under State water laws. Further- derness study areas (WSAs). These WSAs more, it is the policy of the Administration were studied and analyzed during the re- that the designation of wilderness areas view process and the results documented should not interfere with the use of water in five environmental impact statements and rights, State water administration, or the use five instant study area reports. of a State’s interstate water allocation. Based on the studies and reviews of the The draft legislation also provides for ac- WSAs, the Secretary of the Interior rec- cess to wilderness areas by Indian people ommends that all or part of 69 of the WSAs, for traditional cultural and religious pur- totaling 1,958,339 acres of public lands, be poses. Access by the general public may be designated as part of the National Wilder- limited in order to protect the privacy of ness Preservation System. From these 69 religious cultural activities taking place in WSAs, the Secretary proposes to designate specific wilderness areas. In addition, to the 70 wilderness areas by dividing one WSA fullest extent practicable, the Department into two wilderness areas. of the Interior will coordinate with the De- I concur with the Secretary of the Interi- partment of Defense to minimize the im- or’s recommendations and am pleased to pact of any overflights during these religious recommend designation of the 70 areas (to- cultural activities. talling 1,958,339 acres) identified in the en- I further concur with the Secretary of the closed draft legislation as additions to the Interior that all or part of 63 of the WSAs National Wilderness Preservation System. encompassing 1,299,911 acres are not suit- The proposed additions represent the di- able for preservation as wilderness. versity of wilderness values in the State of Also enclosed are a letter and report from Utah. These range from the block-faulted the Secretary of the Interior concerning the mountains of western Utah to the en- WSAs discussed above and a section-by-sec- trenched sandstone canyons of the Colorado tion analysis of the draft legislation. I urge Plateau in southern and eastern Utah. the Congress to act expeditiously and favor- These areas span a wide variety of Utah ably on the proposed legislation so that the landforms, ecosystems, and other natural natural resources of these WSAs in Utah systems and features. Their inclusion in the may be protected and preserved. wilderness system will improve the geo- Sincerely, graphic distribution of wilderness areas in Utah, and will complement existing areas of congressionally designated wilderness. GEORGE BUSH

1023 June 26 / Administration of George Bush, 1992

Note: Identical letters were sent to Thomas atives, and Dan Quayle, President of the S. Foley, Speaker of the House of Represent- Senate.

Designation of Marshall Jordan Breger as Acting Assistant Secretary of Labor June 26, 1992

The President today directed Marshall sistant to the President for Public Liaison Jordan Breger, of the District of Columbia, at the White House, 1983–85. Solicitor for the Department of Labor, to Mr. Breger graduated from the University perform the duties of the office of Assistant of Pennsylvania (B.A., 1967; M.A., 1967); Secretary of Labor for Labor-Management Oriel College, Oxford University (B. Phil., Standards, effective June 29, 1992. 1970); and the University of Pennsylvania Since 1991, Mr. Breger has served as So- Law School (J.D., 1973). He was born Au- licitor at the Department of Labor. From gust 14, 1946, in New York, NY. Mr. Breger 1985 to 1991, he served as Chairman of is married, has two children, and resides the Administrative Conference of the in Silver Spring, MD. United States. He also served as Special As-

Nomination of Hugo Pomrehn To Be Under Secretary of Energy June 26, 1992

The President today announced his inten- manager of Bechtel-KWU Alliance in Gai- tion to nominate Hugo Pomrehn, of Califor- thersburg, MD, 1988–89. nia, to be Under Secretary of Energy. He Dr. Pomrehn graduated from the Univer- would succeed John Chatfield Tuck. sity of Southern California (B.S., 1960); Since 1967, Dr. Pomrehn has served in George Washington University (M.S., 1965); several positions with the Bechtel Corp., in- and the University of Southern California cluding vice president and manager of the (M.S., 1969; Ph.D., 1975). He served as a Los Angeles Regional Office, 1990 to Lieutenant in the U.S. Navy, 1960–64. He present; manager of special projects for was born July 8, 1938, in Chicago Heights, quality management in San Francisco, IL. Dr. Pomrehn is married, has three chil- 1989–90; and vice president and general dren, and resides in Westminster, CA.

Statement by Press Secretary Fitzwater on the Resignation of H. Lawrence Garrett III as Secretary of the Navy June 26, 1992

President Bush accepts the resignation of President Bush today received a briefing Secretary of the Navy, H. Lawrence Garrett by Secretary Cheney on the status of the III. Secretary Garrett today submitted his Department of Defense investigations into letter of resignation to the President, ac- the Tailhook incident. The Inspector Gen- cepting full responsibility for the Tailhook eral of the Navy has investigated the incident involving naval aviators.

1024 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / June 27 matter. A second investigation by the In- tions to ensure the highest standards of spector General of the Department of De- equality and conduct among all members fense was ordered last week. of the Navy. Sexual harassment will not be The President seeks a full, thorough, and tolerated. expedited investigation that will result in ac-

Statement by Press Secretary Fitzwater Announcing the Visit of Prime Minister Kiichi Miyazawa of Japan June 26, 1992

The President will meet with Prime Min- go to Camp David for private talks and din- ister Miyazawa of Japan for an official work- ner. Discussions are expected to include the ing visit on Wednesday, July 1. The leaders upcoming G–7 summit in Munich as well will have an Oval Office meeting and then as other international and bilateral issues.

Radio Address to the Nation on a ‘‘GI Bill’’ for Children June 27, 1992

Today I’d like to speak with you about ments create the best elementary and sec- a subject close to the heart of every Amer- ondary schools in the world. ican: the education of our children. You My proposal is based on a few fundamen- might not know it to read the morning tal truths. I believe that parents are their paper or watch the evening news, but children’s first teachers. Parents, not bu- there’s a revolution going on in our country, reaucrats, know what’s best for their chil- a revolution with a single aim: To make dren. Parents, not the Government, should American schools the best in the world. choose their children’s schools. For too long This week I proposed a giant step forward we’ve shielded schools from competition, al- in that revolution. I sent to Congress legisla- lowed them a damaging monopoly power tion authorizing $500 million to help States over our children. This monopoly turns stu- and communities give children from dents into statistics and parents into pawns. middle- and low-income families a $1,000 scholarship. And here’s the crucial part: Let’s be clear about who’s hurt most by Families will be allowed to spend this the present system. It’s not the wealthy; money at any school of their choice, wheth- they can already afford to send their chil- er that school is public, private, or religious. dren to whichever school they choose. The This proposal is in the greatest American ‘‘GI bill’’ for children will give low- and tradition. middle-income families more of those Forty-eight years ago this week, President choices. Whether it’s the public school Roosevelt signed the GI bill creating schol- down the street or across town, whether it’s arships that veterans could use at any col- a parochial or Yeshiva or Bible school, par- lege, any college of their choice. The GI ents should be able to decide which school bill created opportunity for Americans who will provide the best education for their never would have had it. And in so doing, kids. By injecting competition into our edu- it helped to create the best system of col- cation system, by allowing parents to choose leges and universities in the world. And we their children’s schools, we can break the can do it again, this time with a ‘‘GI bill’’ monopoly, provide the catalyst to open up for children, helping State and local govern-

1025 June 27 / Administration of George Bush, 1992 opportunities for our kids and create genu- The protectors of the status quo should ine change in our schools. understand this revolution will succeed with Abraham Lincoln said, ‘‘Revolutions do or without their help. We will create the not go backward.’’ And all across the coun- finest schools for our children and grand- try, from Pennsylvania to California, from children. And we will do it by restoring to San Antonio to Indianapolis, the school education the truest American principles: choice revolution is gaining steam. freedom and opportunity and choice. I met with many leaders of that move- Thank you for listening. And may God ment at the White House this week. They bless the United States of America. are the true heroes of school reform. They aren’t afraid to stand up to the status quo, to say loud and clear that when it comes Note: This address was recorded at 8 a.m. to educating our kids, business as usual just on June 26 in the Cabinet Room at the is not good enough. And I’m proud to stand White House for broadcast after 9 a.m. on at their side. June 27.

Remarks at the Dedication Ceremony for the Drug Enforcement Administration’s New York Field Division Office in New York City June 29, 1992

Thank you all very, very much. Thank you Austin of GSA. We’re saluting a facility that for the welcome back. And may I return I guess most of you have moved into a little those kind words by saying that I think we before now. But it shows what can be done have an Attorney General, came in at a in these unique times, innovating from with- complicated time and is doing a superb job in and having the results be rather spectacu- for law enforcement. And it’s a joy working lar. Al DelliBovi is here. He’s from HUD, with Bill Barr. I want to salute another with our number two man there, doing a great us today, Bob Martinez, the former Gov- job in the housing field. I thought I saw ernor. He and I started working when he him. Oh, he’s hiding way in the back over was the Governor of the State of Florida. here. We interacted then mainly on the interdic- May I salute, also, another man that I re- tion side of this drug war. And I have great spect, Lee Brown. We trained him well in confidence in the job he’s doing as our drug Houston, Texas, and look at him now. Here czar. he is—[laughter]—here he is, doing a great I want to say to our friend Dave Dinkins, job for New York and, I think, for all the the illustrious Mayor of the city, that I am people in the country. Monsignor O’Brien, very grateful to you, sir, for being with us I know of your work, sir, and thank you for today, for the kind comments you made putting it in focus with that wonderful invo- about our collective efforts to win this bat- cation. To Bob Bryden, I got well-briefed tle; to salute you for what our people tell coming up here on the effectiveness of this me has been outstanding cooperation from office, something that I’d learned from my the New York Police. You deserve a vote own visit here a few years ago. But I salute of thanks for that, and I am very proud you, sir, and I guess even more important, once again to be at your side. the day-in and day-out work of those people May I salute Rob Bonner, who is our that work with you and for you here, a dedi- head of DEA. I hope that most of you that cated group. I guess there’s no way that a work with DEA have had the opportunity President can adequately say thanks to those to meet him. He is dedicated, and again, who put their lives on the line day-in and I’m grateful that he’s heading this very, very day-out for the young people and the fami- important Agency. Mr. Austin is here, Dick lies of this Nation. We are grateful to

1026 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / June 29 each and every one of you. And I’m pleased overall drug use by 10 percent. That’s what to be here. we set as a goal. Well, we surpassed that You know, we meet at the end of a hectic target. We wanted to slash occasional co- month. Boris Yeltsin was in town just a caine use by 10 percent; it went down 29. week ago. He asked if I still thought that Adolescent cocaine use, the goal was 30- the day of the dictator was over, and I said percent decrease, and I’m pleased to tell I did. And he said, ‘‘Well, so who is this you that it’s down by about 60 percent. Steinbrenner that I keep hearing about up We’ve begun well, you might say; but there?’’ [Laughter] It’s good to be back in we’ve only just begun. Look at Bedford Stuy New York, I’ll tell you. or other communities across the country, But you know the message. I think it’s the suburbs of any city, the broken canyons a message that all of you can identify with. of Los Angeles, and there you’ll see some All Americans want families that are strong of more than 12 million Americans who cur- and united. All Americans want good rently still use drugs and the 1.9 million schools and a job-creating economy and a of them who still use cocaine. We are not world at peace. But all of this ties into your making the progress that we want to in this work because all Americans want neighbor- addictive group, younger than the teenagers, hoods that are safe, rejecting those who but certainly not old enough to be retired soft-pedal the need to be hard on crime. in any way. And we must make more Some say that there are reasons that crime progress there. Worse, more than 1.3 mil- occur, and I’m sure that you can make a lion of our kids do use drugs. And I grieve case for that. But I say there is never an for these families and these kids. excuse not to seek justice through the While Federal funding can help, it cer- American system of law. And nowhere is tainly, it alone, is not enough. And that’s this need clearer than this war that you all why this antidrug campaign includes com- are engaged in, the war on drugs, a war munity action led by effective treatment, this new office of DEA can help fight and Federal, State, and local, to reduce drug win. use in our neighborhoods and schools. We I was at that old DEA New York office also need prevention through widespread in the spring of 1989, after the brutal mur- education. And we need business and labor der of Agent Hatcher. And you know, in and our families and schools to stop the everybody’s life there are events that make drugs that lead to the death and bondage, an impact on you. I’ll never forget that one. drugs that really declare open season on the It was brought home to me so clearly, the innocent. personal sacrifice and sometimes the per- Next comes perhaps the most crucial part sonal suffering that goes with this fight of the crusade, law enforcement. The DEA against drugs. It was a sad occasion. And New York Field Division seized more than I tried to make clear then, and I repeat $234 million in criminal assets in one year, now, that we will win this war against drugs. in fiscal year 1991. And you know that a As long as one American is hooked on country that refused to allow totalitarians drugs, that’s one too many. And so we must of the right and of the left to enslave the stop drug use, not someplace, not some- world will never allow the evil purveyors time, but all across our country, now or as of drugs to enslave America. soon as possible. And let me tell you something: Every And that’s why—Bill Barr alluded to time law enforcement officials come to the this—that’s why the Federal budget for fis- White House, I think: How can we better cal ’93 calls for $12 billion for our national support them? And so by January 1st we drug control strategy. That’s $12 billion, will have 50 percent more Federal prosecu- nearly double the amount when we came tors than in 1988. We’ve also reauthorized into office in 1989. And the strategy does the 1984 Victims of Crime Act and boosted set ambitious goals. We hoped—and these its annual crime victims fund to $150 mil- goals were set with the advice of many peo- lion. Now, these dollars did not come from ple here, some previously in the DEA and taxpayers but from the criminals’ fines and others with it now and with Justice—to cut penalties. After all, crime shouldn’t pay;

1027 June 29 / Administration of George Bush, 1992 criminals should. And so we’ve moved to forfeiture money alone has been used to punish career criminals under the Federal build prisons. And we need more, more Armed Career Criminal Act. No seasoned prisons. In particular, our States need more criminal should walk free because we didn’t prisons. Because for some career criminals, take the law and our law enforcement offi- the iron bars of prison are the only bar cers seriously. against crime. Our administration has proposed $15.8 So, let me close with words from the billion for anticrime policies for fiscal ’93. heart about where and with whom I stand. And that’s up 59 percent in 4 years. And I stand with those who fight criminals. Your yet, progress made is certainly not mission work is not a 9-to-5 job with long lunches accomplished. Let’s back up these law en- and friendly chats around some water cool- forcement officials with laws that are fair, er. It is filled with danger and fear. And fast, and final. I had two wonderful briefings on some of You know what I’m talking about. Fair: the complexities of this work when I arrived When good cops act in good faith to nail here this morning. It’s not knowing whether criminals, those criminals should not go free you’ll end your shift going home in a car because of some exclusionary rule technical- or to the emergency room in an ambulance. ity. Fast: We need habeas corpus reforms And let me just add something: I also to stop the frivolous appeals choking our stand against those who use films or records courts. Crime’s victims must not suffer or television or video games to glorify killing twice, once when they’re victimized by the law enforcement officers. It is sick. It is criminal and again when some liberal judge wrong for any company, I don’t care how allows criminals to escape scot-free through noble the name of the company, it is wrong some new loophole in the law. We also for any company to issue records that ap- need laws that are final. I think my position prove of killing law enforcement officers. is well-known on this, and I have no trouble And so I am delighted to be here to sa- defending it. For anyone who kills a law lute the greatest freedom fighters any nation enforcement officer, no penalty is too tough. could have, people who provide freedom When drug kingpins inflict the ultimate evil from violence and freedom from drugs and on society, society demands that the ulti- freedom from fear. They’re offering hope mate penalty be inflicted on them. to every family across our country. And in Some say that legalization of drugs is the that spirit, I am now truly honored to open answer to drugs. And to that I say that we the New York Field Division Office of the must never wave the white flag of surrender DEA. And again, especially to all who work at the white scourge of cocaine. out there on the front lines, may God bless So today I am again asking the United you in your noble work. States Congress to pass crime legislation Thank you very, very much. based on three principles: If criminals commit crimes, they’ll be caught—more law enforcement support. If caught, they will be tried—more judges, more rapid going through the courts. And if convicted, they will be punished—not let them out on loopholes. We need a crime bill which strength- Note: The President spoke at 10:53 a.m. in ens, not weakens, our ability to uphold the the conference room at the DEA New York laws, a crime bill like the ‘‘Crime Control Field Division Office. In his remarks, he re- Act of 1992.’’ So let’s pass this legislation ferred to Lee P. Brown, commissioner of the and salute those who risk their lives to save New York City Police Department; Msgr. ours. William B. O’Brien, president of the Daytop And above all, let’s remember this: To Village drug treatment facility; Robert A. take back our streets we need to take crimi- Bryden, Special Agent in Charge, DEA New nals off the streets and put them behind York Field Division; and DEA Special Agent bars for a long, long time. And in the past Everett E. Hatcher, who was killed in the 4 years, over half a billion dollars in drug line of duty on February 28, 1989.

1028 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / June 29

Remarks at a Fundraising Luncheon for Senator Alfonse M. D’Amato in New York City June 29, 1992

Thank you all so much. And Charlie, trust to make the right decisions and to thank you, Ambassador, for that very, very block the wrong ones. I believe that we generous introduction. And let me just have the values, I believe we have the thank all responsible for this highly success- record that entitles us to take our case to ful lunch. I want to salute our two Members the American people and win 4 more years of Congress here today, Senator Pressler in the White House and 6 more for Al in and Norm Lent; I’ll get to the third in a the Senate. minute. Chairman Rich Bond—if you want Our values are right. When we talk about to get a guy to do a big national job, get family values, I’m thinking of what those someone from New York; and Rich is doing mayors came to tell me. Liberals and con- just that as chairman of the Republican Na- servative, Democrats and Republicans from tional Committee. the mayors came to see me, and they said I want to salute our new committeeman, the biggest problem in the cities is the de- Joe Mandello; glad Joe’s family could make cline of the American family. And we are it out there. Bill Powers, our wonderful the party that’s trying to strengthen the State chairman who’s taking them on up American family through choice and oppor- there and winning more than his share, for tunity. all of us, I might add. And David Brewer, I appreciated what Al said about changing Doug Barclay, Jack Hennessy, heading up the world. And I do believe that thanks to our campaign efforts and doing such a su- my predecessor, thanks to our administra- perb job in this fundraising. Another salute tion, there have been fundamental changes to Roy Goodman, an old friend down here, in the world. Eastern Europe is free; Ger- the State senator. And Michael Long, let many is united; the international com- me just say, Mike, how grateful I am to munism as we know it is dead. Ancient en- you and the others in the Conservative emies are sitting talking to each other in Party. What that means is that with your the Middle East. Democracy is on the move help and now with the help of everybody south of our borders. And we have a fantas- across this State, New York is not only in tic record of standing up against aggression. play as a key targeted State for the Repub- And don’t let the revisionists try to tell you licans, it is a State we will win. And this that Desert Storm was bad; it was a tremen- is a very important endorsement. dous success, and we are not going to let May I thank Yung Soo Yoo and Rabbi them alter the record. Milton Balkany for their introduction as I notice these signs, and let me simply well and their saluting us at the beginning say that, look, the Israeli elections under- of this program. score the dynamism of the Mideast’s solitary And now I’m here today to salute a great democracy. They point out the dynamism leader, a force for good, a titan of politics, of the process. And we are confident that Mama D’Amato. I think Al’s learned a thing we can work with that new Israeli govern- or two from Mama, things like getting it ment to deepen our partnership, to promote done, making waves, taking them on, and our common objective of peace with secu- winning. And that’s exactly what he’s going rity for Israel. And I am dedicating myself to do this fall. But I’ve seen it in Washing- to that. ton, and when Al takes them on, the rest There’s another thing that we’ll take to of them take cover. the American people, and you don’t hear Voters are frustrated, and they’re tired of it from either of the opponents at this Presi- the status quo, and they’re calling for dential level, and I don’t expect Al’s going change. But they also know that there’s a to hear much about it. But it was under flip side to change, and it is called trust, our leadership that we can now turn to the

1029 June 29 / Administration of George Bush, 1992

American people, particularly the children, the Presidency: A child care bill that says, and say, you can go to bed at night without isn’t it better for the parents to choose how that awful, deadly fear of nuclear war be- to have child care rather than have some cause of what we did in getting rid of these Government bureaucracy. We’ve passed the ICBM weapons. You listen to those pundits foremost, far-looking, far forward-looking out there and listen to the opponents, you piece of civil rights legislation in the Ameri- wouldn’t think there was any responsibilities cans for Disabilities Act that said, let’s give to the United States. We are the undisputed these people a chance, let them fit in, give leader of the free world, and I don’t care them an opportunity, not have some Gov- what the critics say. I am going to keep ernment program out here to keep the peo- on leading for peace and democracy around ple with disabilities isolated. We passed a the world. Clean Air Act that used market forces, har- And yes, yes, we’re going to have some nesses market forces for a cleaner environ- savings in defense, but I am not going to ment. cut into the muscle of the defense. There But so much that we’re trying to do, are still many uncertainties out there, and whether it’s school choice or whether it’s the United States, in order to lead, must incentives for this economy, are being remain strong. Al has known that; Al has blocked by the United States Congress. And stood up against criticism on behalf of that they control it; the Democrats control it. principle. And I am convinced that we can And I believe that the American people, keep our security strong so we can guaran- in their quest for change, are going to say: tee for the generations that come futures Let’s try something that hasn’t been done of peace and opportunity. in 35 years: Let’s get a Republican Congress Some people say to me, ‘‘Hey, how come you can’t bring the same kind of purpose to back up this Republican President. and success to the domestic scene as you Sometimes the only time you can get did in Desert Storm and Desert Shield?’’ something to happen down there is standing And the fair answer to that is, we can. But up against bad legislation. And I want to when it came to going into Desert Storm, take this opportunity to thank our distin- I didn’t have to call one of the Senators guished honoree, Al D’Amato, today for entrenched on the Democratic side, one of helping me with this veto record. The score the liberals, and get his permission. I did is: Bush 30, Congress 0, on the veto. And not have to stand up and watch everything we’re going to keep on beating back bad I’m trying to do get blocked by the Senate. legislation until we get good legislation. We moved, and then they came along. That Let me just click off a couple of our is what we need in the Congress, and the major initiatives. One of them is health care way to get that is to give us more people reform. It is not right that families go to like Al D’Amato and Terrence Pressler and bed wondering whether they’re going to Norman Lent and to get control of the Con- have any protection against illness. We have gress. put forward on the Capitol Hill now, it’s For 35 years, one party has controlled the before the Congress, a new health care re- House of Representatives. For 29 of the last form program that says we will make insur- 35, one party has controlled the United ance available to everybody, the poorest of States Senate. We tried it with a Demo- the poor, through a voucher system. We will cratic President and a Democratic Con- revise and get rid of these awful malpractice gress, and we got the worst interest rates, suits by changing and getting some legal re- the worst ‘‘misery index’’ in the history of form for this country. We’re suing each this country. What hasn’t been tried and other too much and caring for each other what we’re going to take to the people in too little. So we’ve got a good, strong, health the fall is this: Give us a Republican Presi- care proposal, and it doesn’t do like some dent, a Republican Senate, and a Repub- of these foreign countries or what some of lican House, and we can give you the values the liberal Democrats want to do. It does that you want. not socialize medicine. It does not break We’ve gotten some things done early in every small business. It offers insur-

1030 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / June 29 ance to others, everybody. And it says we continue to fight for a balanced budget will maintain the quality of U.S. health care. amendment to discipline us all in Washing- It is the best in the world, and we are not ton, DC. going to diminish it by putting the Govern- And while we’re at it—and I heard a nice ment in charge of our health care. endorsement of this by the Democratic Another one is free trade. We stand nominee, potential Democratic nominee for proudly for free trade. And we’re taking a President—I think it’s about time to give hammering in some quarters. Election year the President what 43 Governors have. If is coming up; everybody is out pledging to they can’t do it up there with the liberals this special interest, this protection or that that control these committees, give the protection. But let me tell you something: President a chance. Give me that line-item I am going to keep on fighting until we veto, and let’s see if we can’t do better on get a successful conclusion to the Uruguay the spending side. round of GATT, and I am going to keep on fighting until we get a North American In conclusion, let me say this: This has free trade agreement because that means been a weird political year—I’m talking jobs for the American worker. I am for free strange. I’ve been in politics half my adult trade, not for protection, and we’ve got to life, half of it in private business. It has keep fighting for those principles. been the strangest year I have ever seen. Another one is education reform. Mike I think most people would agree with that. talked about it, and Al D’Amato mentioned But in the final analysis, the American peo- it. We’ve got a good program; it’s not just ple are going to say this: Who has the tem- another Government program. It’s called perament to lead this country? Who has the America 2000. It literally revolutionizes the steadiness when the going gets really tough way we educate the kids from K to 12. We to make the proper decision? Who has the have the best university system in the world; beliefs when it comes to the innate strength we have the best quality education at that of American society, the family, the family level. But what we don’t have is the proper values? Who has the will to fight for those quality at those lower areas of education. values? Who has the demonstrated leader- And so our program says: Keep it close to ship to keep the peace and enhance it by the family, keep it close to the locality and helping democracy and freedom around the the community, but literally revolutionize it. world? And who has the best program to We’ve got a good, strong program to take, stimulate the economy by getting jobs and and Al is right. Our ‘‘GI bill’’ says this: Give opportunity moving by encouraging less reg- the parents a choice. Give the family the ulation and by stimulating the investment same opportunity to choose those schools, tax credit and cutting the capital gains and religious, private, or public that we all got, changing the IRA’s and doing all the things the old guys here got when we got the GI we should have done months ago to give bill right after World War II. It worked for the universities; it can work at the local the working man and woman an oppor- level. What’s wrong with letting the parents tunity? choose and giving them that opportunity? I believe we have not only the program, We’ve got a great disagreement with the but I hope I have the integrity and that liberal Democrats on another one. I am sense of honor about the United States to fighting at every turn to do better on the ask the American people: Give me 4 more deficit. The other day we had a vote in the years. Give Al D’Amato 6 more years. Give Congress on a means to discipline the exec- us more company on the House and in the utive branch and discipline the United Senate, and watch us get that job done. I States Congress. Not a cure-all, but it was cannot wait until the middle of August— something that 80 percent of the American right now I’m in a nonpolitical mode. people want. It was victimized and brutal- [Laughter] But I cannot wait until the mid- ized and beaten back by that entrenched dle of August when I get unfettered and liberal Democrat leadership that wouldn’t say, all right, now the time has come to stand up against the special interests. I will take this case to the American people. Not

1031 June 29 / Administration of George Bush, 1992 just to go after the other guys—although Note: The President spoke at 1:15 p.m. in I’m a little bit tired of hearing my name the Grand Ballroom at the New York Hilton get criticized by five Democrats all spring Hotel. In his remarks, he referred to Charles long, and now some independent comes Gargano, former Ambassador to Trinidad charging out with nothing but criticism. I’m and Tobago; Joe Mandello, chairman, Nas- ready to take them on when we get to Au- sau County Republican Party; David Brew- gust. And what happens here is this kind er, luncheon vice chairman; Douglas Bar- of arrangement will make us have a much clay, New York State chairman, Bush- better chance of taking them on, on our Quayle ’92; Jack Hennessy, New York State terms. Let them see if they can take the finance chairman, Bush-Quayle ’92; Michael heat because I am going to dish it out and Long, chairman, New York State Conserv- take the Republican record to the American ative Party; Yung Soo Yoo, luncheon general people, and we are going to win in Novem- chairman; and Rabbi Yehoshua Balkany, ber. dean of Yeshiva Bais Yaakov of Brooklyn, Thank you very, very much. who gave the invocation.

Statement on the Supreme Court Decision on Abortion June 29, 1992

I am pleased with the Supreme Court’s values in what is perhaps the most difficult decision upholding most of Pennsylvania’s question a family can confront. reasonable restrictions on abortion, such as My own position on abortion is well- the requirement that a teenager seek her known and remains unchanged. I oppose parent’s consent before obtaining an abor- abortion in all cases except rape or incest tion. The Pennsylvania law supports family or where the life of the mother is at stake.

Question-and-Answer Session With the Michigan Law Enforcement Community in Detroit, Michigan June 29, 1992

Q. Mr. President, I have the privilege of and this is very good. We set the goal, I not only introducing you, but also to ask believe it was, at 20 percent. And it’s down the first question. I would like, sir, as most 60 percent. Where we’re not making the of us have a feeling that drugs is the com- progress we should—and I’m sure every one mon denominator of most of the violent of you runs into it in one way or another— crime we have in our society, could you is in that age group of 35, these addicted please comment on the relative success of users. It’s extraordinarily difficult. And our your war on drugs? war on drugs under Governor Bob Mar- The President. That’s what we call a slow tinez, but working cooperatively with the ball, in a way, in the trade. But first, let local level, must do better in that area. me just thank Brooks and thank all of you. We’re doing pretty well in interdiction. I understand people have come from all We’ve got a broader cooperation, broader across the State. use of our military, a stronger cooperation On the war on drugs: One, it’s priority; from the Presidents of the countries south two, it’s not without major progress. The of our border. Mexico is doing much better. major progress lies in the reduction of the There’s been some differences, but mainly amount of cocaine being used by teenagers, we’re getting good cooperation there. The

1032 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / June 29

Colombians have been very, very good in ly, can you tell us what your prescription terms of cooperation. We’re having some is for reducing violence in the country? difficulties in Peru that have not been en- The President. One of the things that— hanced by the recent change down there. and I guess politicians should be careful, But generally speaking, cooperation is bet- but I don’t think you need to be too care- ter. One of the things I’m trying to do with ful—I am very much concerned with the them, the leaders south of the border, is content of some of the filth and some of say, ‘‘Look, we know that you feel that if the portrayals that go into the families, into it weren’t for us you wouldn’t have the the living rooms through the television. I problems of the drug cartels, the narco-traf- don’t think we can censor. They’ve got to fickers. But we also should tell you we are be very careful about censorship. But this doing as much as we can and will do every- morning at a DEA opening of the new DEA thing we can on the demand side of the building, I spoke out against some of these equation.’’ rap songs that speak out and talk about kill- So we’ve got to keep pushing to reduce ing law enforcement officers. I mean, I just demand in this country. Our educational think that good taste and decent people programs are doing better. Incidentally, it ought to know better than to permit those will not be solved at the Federal level. things to be aired across our country. I You’ve got to have cooperation in all of what think that’s one area that we can be extraor- we call the Points of Light, but also the dinarily helpful. work that you all do with the kids in the communities. Another, we’ve got to do better in the So I’d say I’m proud of the record. The whole education front, and that ties in. I funding, Federal funding, is way up, way don’t think you’re going to legislate violence up. I think the last figure was $9 billion away. or something of that nature for the drug Then the third answer I’d give is pass war. But I wish I could certify to the Amer- strong legislation at the Federal level that ican people that the job was done. It’s not, backs up the law enforcement officers. I and we’ve just got to keep pushing. think that will send as strong a message to One of the things we’d like to see passed, criminals as you possibly can. But I know and maybe I’ll get a question on it, is to no better deterrent than tough sentencing get our crime bill, which is tough on the and having the penalty fit the crime, and criminal, more compassionate for the victim so we’re working for that on our crime bill. of crime, get that through the Congress. But then it’s got to be more than that. It’s And we simply have not been able to do got to be common sense in programming. it. It would be tougher on the death penalty, It’s got to be families intervening to see tougher on habeas corpus reform, tougher that they give the kids the advantage of an on the exclusionary rule reform. And we’re education at home. hung up in the old thinkers in the Judiciary I know we talk about family values, and Committee, particularly of the House of I am reminded that the mayors from the Na- Representatives. So we’ve got a ways to go tional League of Cities came to see me. The there. mayors, liberal mayors, conservatives, Re- Who else? publicans, Democrats, nonpartisan, and they Q. This past week I was with 35 other said that the single biggest cause of the prob- top police administrators in the country and lems facing the urban area was the decline spent the week discussing issues of violence in the American family. And that gets to in the country. Now, we all know in the your question about violence. So we’ve profession that violence is not merely a law now got a Commission, headed by the Gov- enforcement problem; it’s a problem for so- ernor of Missouri, to try to find ways ciety. The Governor in this State has pro- through legislation to strengthen the family. posed some sweeping changes in education It might be welfare reform. It might be and some changes that will improve the examining every piece of legislation to economy in this State. I know this is a ques- see that there’s no incentive for husband and tion that’s very difficult to answer, but brief- wife to live apart. There’s things that I

1033 June 29 / Administration of George Bush, 1992 think we can do legislatively there. But it’s the whole emphasis of our administration got to also get back to values that kids are is to support law enforcement. That one taught, taught at home and taught in the caused some big problems internationally, school. So that’s a combination of ways of as you know. But I do think that we’ve got looking at it. a good record of trying to get these, if that’s Q. When you talk about family values, an impact decision, an impact decision up one of the things that we’re really con- for consideration by the Court. cerned about in the northwest portion of But the big point I’d make, and I hope our State is not only the drug problem but this doesn’t sound too political at this non- more importantly the alcohol problem as political event, is that we’re trying to ap- probably the most abused drug. In 1968, point judges to all levels in the court who we took cigarette advertising off the tele- will interpret, not legislate from the bench. vision airwaves of our country. And we have And I think we’ve got a good record of ap- seen a drastic decline in the use of tobacco pointing people who prove to be strong for products until, virtually, they say by the year law enforcement because we use that as a 2000 we may be almost a smokeless society. standard and do not use as a standard, kind Is there any chance that we can get alcohol of passing social legislation from the Federal advertising off television nationally and stop bench. brainwashing our children from the time I know that there’s been some criticism they’re old enough to comprehend? of me in the press, but I’m going to con- The President. I think some alcohol is off tinue to do that because I believe that’s the airwaves, and I think what the beer peo- what a judge should do, whether it’s at the ple have undertaken now are a lot of public district level or the circuit court level or service advertisements on alternate drivers, certainly at the Supreme Court level. supporting Mothers Against Drunk Driving, these kinds of programs. Whether it will be Q. Regularly, I see the tragic con- ready for Federal legislation, I just don’t sequences of young people and guns, espe- know. I think right now it would be very cially handguns, but often Uzis. Is the Fed- difficult to pass that. And I’d like to see eral Government going to do anything to the success of the educational campaigns try to make an effort to slow down the pro- before we go to some total ban on all alco- liferation of guns, which are apparently holic beverage. I do believe that the media available to our children on the street for themselves have policed pretty well the $25 to $100? hard liquor. The President. I don’t favor gun control. Q. What are you doing to have the Solici- We did move, as you know, on clip size tor General get before the U.S. Supreme for automatic weapons. We’ve tried to do Court on impact decisions in criminal law? something about stopping the import of The President. Not being a lawyer, you’ll weapons come in here. There was a com- have to tell me what you mean by an impact promise that we had almost worked out last decision. I’m blessed by not having been year relating to—I want to call it ‘‘instant to law school—[laughter]—some would say identification,’’ which I strongly favor. It’s it’s an enormous handicap, but I don’t going to require some money. It’s going to know. Help. I don’t know what an impact require use of computers. But I believe the decision is, technically. need to do that transcends the other argu- Q. The ones that—say, drugs—the one ment, which is you’re violating individuals’ that was near and dear to my heart was rights. where the Supreme Court allowed our offi- So I think we can make progress on some cials to kidnap people in Mexico and bring areas. I just am reluctant to endorse some- them back to try here. How are we getting thing that would ban private ownership at other cases like that before the Supreme a time when you see States that have very Court? strong laws suffering from some of the high- The President. Our Solicitor General is est levels of criminal activity with guns. So very active in what he brings to the Court. I’ve been more ‘‘go after the criminal’’ than I don’t know if there’s a formula on it, but it is the gun owner; and yet we have taken

1034 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / June 29 steps in those three areas I’ve mentioned missiles, the Soviet side the SS–18’s. No- to you. body would have dreamed that was possible Q. Mr. President, for the last few years 4 years ago, and it is tremendous. And yet we’ve been trying to get in Oakland County people go, ‘‘Ho-hum, what have you done some surplus aircraft for the war on drugs lately?’’ So we’ve got to stay strong. I don’t and what have you. With the downsizing think a threat will come from there. I do of some of the defense and with Desert worry about proliferation. I worry about Storm being over, do you see much in the some of the nuts around the world trying way of Federal property going on the sur- to acquire sophisticated weaponry, missile plus list that perhaps local municipalities technology, nuclear technology, and all of could pick up? that. And to guarantee all this as best we The President. There will be more. How can, the peace, we’ve got to keep fairly high much of it will be applicable to the kind levels of defense spending. And I’m deter- of local law enforcement needs you spell mined that we do just exactly that. out, I just don’t know. But there will be There’s another one that may be con- more, obviously. What I’m doing on the de- troversial, but I am continuing to fight for fense side, I’ve made substantial cuts in the the ‘‘FREEDOM Support Act,’’ which sup- defense budget. I also should say to you, ports, through the international financial in- though, that though we’ve made dramatic stitutions, the democracy and change in the strides towards world peace, and one of the Soviet Union. We’ve spent trillions of dol- things I take great pride in is that our team, lars, trillions, in defense standing up against following on my predecessor’s record, have the monolithic Communist threat, the ag- been able to do a lot for world peace, saying gressive Communist threat led by the Sovi- to the young people, for example, you have ets. That’s gone now. I think we have a far less to worry about now from nuclear stake at trying to help their democracy, and war than generations precedent. And that I think in the final analysis that will be very is something big, and that is something good for the American worker. That market major. is enormous. I have a responsibility to fight And yes, our suggestions for cutting de- to get that through. And I think it’s like fense are out there being acted on, and de- buying an insurance policy for the future. fense spending is going down. The problem almost—and this is off your question, but A long answer. You asked me what time I want to mention it here—is almost the it is, and I told you how to build a watch. other way. Some, recognizing that we’ve But nevertheless. made some substantial progress toward Q. I’d like to start by saying we’re very world peace, are saying almost you don’t fortunate to have a President who is pro- need the muscle in the defense. And my law enforcement, a Governor who is pro- view is we do. We’ve got to fight for reason- law enforcement. And we in the law enable levels and, I’d say, prudent levels of forcement community have a tendency to defense spending. So it won’t be as big in ask what you’re going to do for us. I don’t the field you ask about as some might hope, want to steal a Democrat saying, but let but I have a responsibility as Commander me ask once: You are having problems with in Chief and as President to implement my your crime package. What can we do in responsibilities for national security. the law enforcement community? As the We think we’ve found a good formula, sign says, ‘‘We’re working together for safe and we’re going to stave off reckless cuts communities.’’ What can we do in the law into the muscle of our defense. Who knows enforcement community to better help you where the next big challenge will come help us in terms of getting that legislation from? I don’t believe it will come from a passed as well as other things? Soviet Union back together again. The visit The President. Well, the election can we had with Boris Yeltsin, incidentally, was help, because I think it’ll be very clear. very, very rewarding and substantive in that We’ll have big differences in terms of sup- we reached agreement to eliminate these porting crime legislation. major ICBM’s, you know, the biggest of the But I think the thing to do is, for those

1035 June 29 / Administration of George Bush, 1992 who say they’re for law enforcement in the the history in the media recently of brutality Congress, come home and talk one way, to and what have you, I know that there’s an try to assure as law enforcement officials important sensitivity that we have to have that they vote the same way in Washington. for the community and for the defendant. Now, the reason I say that is, I was out But yet, I’d like to not throw the baby out in California before the primary. I heard with the bath water. I ask that at every op- two or three Congress people running for portunity the politicos have, sir, to please Congress—notice the word ‘‘people’’ I used stand up for us because the bashing really there, Congress people, so I leave out—fin- is making it difficult for our men and ger what gender it was—campaigning as the women to go out and do a good job day great champions of strong law enforcement after day. action, strong legislation. And yet I know, The President. Let me comment on what and they knew I knew, that they were vot- the lieutenant says, because he puts his fin- ing against our strong crime package. ger on a very important point. When there’s Now, I can see where you might want excess, when there’s brutality, fix it, get it to change it. I can see where what the judge corrected right now—training, whatever it said, some people might want to have some- is. But I agree with you. And in Los Ange- thing in there on it. But you can tell from les, I made it a point to go talk to the a voting record whether somebody is pro- LAPD, to go to the sheriff’s headquarters law enforcement, backing up the cops, there to make sure that they knew that I backing up the victims of crime—there’s was supportive of law enforcement per se. victims-of-crime legislation—or whether it’s And I do get a sense—there’s a lot of pro- all rhetoric. And so I think you who are gramming of kind of the corrupt law en- experts in the field and are laying your lives forcement person, and that has a way of on the line for us—and that’s the way I subtly undermining people’s confidence in look at law enforcement—you ought to be this country. darn sure that you pin down those who want So I have no hesitancy in speaking out, to represent you on this all-important ques- always, in favor of law enforcement. But you tion. And let them be honest enough if they deserve more than that. You deserve to get have a difference on handguns or some- backed up by the legislation as well. But thing. it’s a good warning and a good point you But nevertheless, there’s a thrust to legis- raise. I hope that nobody in our administra- lation: Is it pro-law enforcement and tough- tion is overreacting to scenes of brutality er on the criminal, or is it the other way that turn a lot of people off or painting around? The Senate, for example, watered with so broad a brush that the hundreds down to a fare-thee-well a strong crime bill and thousands of people that are risking that we had in the Senate. They passed a their lives for the American people get di- better one last year, and then this year minished in their service by something of they’ve softened it up. And so I think you, that nature. more than most, will be in a position to So we are going to continue to push for get the various candidates on the record, the public backing of our law enforcement and then hopefully, if they’re elected, to see community, the police, the sheriffs, whoever that they do what they said they’d do on else it is; continue working with the courts it. by getting people on the bench who share So, that’s about all I know to do. this view that law enforcement is very im- Q. Mr. President, one last question. portant in the communities; try to do more The President. I’m just getting warmed emphasis on what we call the Points of up here. Sir. Light, and that is putting the spotlight on Q. Thanks, Mr. President. One thing I the many things that police in their commu- wanted to do is to possibly make a very nities do to help others. I think of the short statement that the recent police-bash- D.A.R.E. program and the antidrugs as just ing that’s going on in the media has been one facet of your support for community a very difficult thing for us. And I would activities, and it’s thousands of fold where just like to pass along that I know that with that takes place. So we’ve got to con-

1036 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / June 29 tinue to support that, support that concept it, called ‘‘Weed and Seed.’’ And the con- of voluntarism that I think the police in this cept is weed out the criminal, back up the country epitomize and demonstrate. law enforcement people. And there’s good, So I hear what you say. And I know the specific things in the ‘‘Weed and Seed’’ pro- Governor—he and I have talked about posal that will help back law enforcement. this—he feels strongly about that here in And then the seeding aspect of it has some the State of Michigan, and I can tell you 20 areas that funding will go to, to help I do nationally. seeding hope and opportunity in the com- Now, since Brooks is throwing us out— munities. and I was just getting warmed up. Now that one is hung up, too, in the Con- Q. Maybe 5 more minutes. gress. We’re not giving up and I hope we The President. Five more minutes. All can get those proposals through the Con- right. That’s always what gets you in trouble. gress. We’re in a fight sometimes because Got some back here? Go ahead, sir. I do have a responsibility to try to do some- Q. Good evening. With the most recent thing about these enormous Federal defi- events in Los Angeles and with the most cits. And once in a while, some say, ‘‘Hey, recent attention in Congress, is there going you think it’s worth $500 million? Let me to be more of a commitment of Federal give you $2 billion.’’ And that’s where I get dollars and resources to urban areas, such onto the side of having to say no. as not only Los Angeles but Detroit, of resources? But I think we can do better. And I think The President. That’s a good question. some of these ideas I mentioned have And the answer is, I hope so. I went to strong support, and that means they will get Los Angeles, went to the community. through, hopefully before the end of July. Democrats, Republicans, liberals, conserv- The bill we passed the other day and was ative, men, women, all said that what was signed will help. But it’s not near as much needed then—and let me add one other as we should be doing for these cities. I name, Peter Ueberroth who has taken on think we still have a good chance. the job to bring private-sector jobs to the Q. Mr. President, what precipitated the community in Los Angeles—all of them, Rodney King incident was a police chase. every one of them, including the black may- And I think that’s a question that we’d all ors organization, said, ‘‘What do we need? like answered today, if there was something We need enterprise zones in these commu- we could do—we’re kind of at a quandary nities with zero capital gains base to bring on police chases. Our policies and proce- jobs immediately to the communities.’’ That dures, we definitely look into every one we is hung up in a big, long debate now in can have. But however, lawsuits, it seems the Congress. like is costing the cities, the townships, and We were able to get summer job money villages millions of dollars in lawsuits in po- through, $500 million additional. We were lice chases. We can’t, apparently, seem to able to get the SBA and the FEMA money get our legislators to make up their minds replenished so we’ll be able to take care one way or the other, either tell us to chase of the small business loans and all of that or not to chase. But I’d like to know if in the various communities. But I am not there would be any Federal legislation at satisfied. And our whole concept of enter- all that could put a possible cap on lawsuits? prise zones, of homeownership we think The President. The answer is, if I had would be of enormous benefit for the cities. my way, yes. And I don’t have my way yet. And we’re going to keep on pressing for But we have legislation before the Congress this whole package—those aren’t the only to cap some of these suits, whether it’s mal- elements in it—that we think will help the practice for doctors that are ramming the cities. health care costs right through the roof or I don’t know, I can’t make a prediction whether it’s on these frivolous liability for you at this point as to what will happen. claims. And to be very, very candid and to There’s another program, and I would urge call it as is, we are blocked by the trial you to look at it if you’re not familiar with lawyers lobby. And they’re strong, and

1037 June 29 / Administration of George Bush, 1992 they’re tough, and they control a handful, we end with you, ma’am? and we’ve got to keep fighting until we get Q. I am chapter leader for southeastern this done. The frivolous lawsuit is running Michigan for Parents of Murdered Chil- the cost of everything, insurance and every- dren. My son was murdered in 1987. And thing else, right off the charts. The Amer- I would like to know what this administra- ican people want it done, and we’re having tion is doing or can do for the survivors difficulty getting it done. of homicide victims? It’s the same fight I had on the balanced The President. Well, we’ve passed one vic- budget amendment. It would have dis- tims-of-crime legislation. We have some ciplined the executive branch, disciplined new provisions—I’m looking for Sam Skin- the legislative branch, and 80 percent of the ner to help me—provisions in the new people want it, and we got almost two-thirds crime bill before the Congress for the vic- of the vote. The leadership in the House tims of crime. And it is something that of Representatives went to 12 Members we’ve at least started moving forward on. who had sponsored the legislation and said, The lady is right that we should be doing ‘‘Hey man, we need you. We need you to more. And that’s in terms with the whole come on and just change it.’’ And so 12 philosophy, more sympathy for the victims of the sponsors of the legislation, through and less for the criminal. strong-arm politics, were pulled off it. It’s So we’ve made some legislative headway. the same kind of pressure we’re fighting in Don’t pin me down on the details that are the Congress on trying to restrict liability and get it under control. on it in the bill that we’ve got pending right And this officer is so correct that the now. But I believe you’ll find that it is American people want this done. And again, strongly supportive of the victims of crime. it transcends party. This one powerful lobby This is something that has been almost a has it stymied in the United States Con- national tragedy because for a long time gress. And that’s one we’ve just got to get there was literally very little that could be in focus, leave out party, take it to the done or had been done. American people and say, ‘‘Send us people The other thing, one of the things, and that will at least get something done in maybe this isn’t directly on your point, but terms of capping liability, restricting some I know a lot of families feel this way, that of these frivolous liability suits.’’ when we talk about habeas corpus reform Q. Mr. President, this really is the last so you knock out frivolous appeals, it does question. bring certain comfort to the family that at The President. All right. least wants to know that justice is being Q. Mr. President, how do we get the done, that the person that murdered the criminal to do the time that he’s sentenced family member is going to pay the price to? Recently in Oakland County we buried and not get frivolously appealed and ap- several young women that were a victim of pealed and appealed endlessly. And so part a man who still should have been in prison. of our habeas corpus reform addresses itself The President. Well, again, I’d have to to the victims of crime in that sense. defer to the Attorney General, to the legal Well, listen, thank you all very, very experts. But we have mandatory sentencing much. I don’t know who is in charge of the in some Federal crimes. And Federal law, heat here, but I’ve lost about five pounds, I believe, is a little tougher on this. I can and that wouldn’t hurt me, as you can tell. get an argument with the judges or the law- But I just want to, once again, thank you all yers around here. But I think we have tried for taking the time. And I say this, you to do that through the Federal Sentencing know, this is a strange political year. It’s a Commission. And again, it is not much help strange political year. And I know anything to law enforcement if a person is sentenced you say is interpreted to be said for political to fairly stiff terms and then walks out of gain. But I feel very, very strongly about there either on a technicality or after serv- what I’ve said here about backing law ening an abysmally short period of time. forcement officials, and for me it does tran- I don’t think I’ve been gender-fair; so can scend politics. And for me, when a police

1038 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / June 29 officer—I keep in my desk the badge of a against law enforcement, something like young police officer from New York as a re- that. I think I have a moral obligation as minder—gunned down. I go to the DEA President of the United States to take that when they honor the officers that are killed kind of a message to the American people. in fighting for us, for my family, fighting And if you want to say ‘‘political,’’ fine. But against narcotics. it’s something I feel deeply in my heart. So I hope it doesn’t sound patronizing So thank you all very much for what in this political year, but we strongly sup- you’re doing for your country and for your port the law enforcement community in this community. Thank you. country. I will continue to fight for strong legislation, and I will continue to take the Note: The President spoke at 5:14 p.m. at message out there against the kinds of the Southfield Civic Center. In his remarks, things in the media that undermine the he referred to Brooks Patterson, attorney family or rejoice at those who stand up and former Oakland County prosecutor.

Remarks at a Victory ’92 Fundraising Dinner in Detroit June 29, 1992

Let me thank the Governor for that warm to you tonight is I believe that we’ve got introduction and all of you for this welcome the record to take to the American people and all of you for what you’ve done to help for 4 more years as President of the United get out the vote, to help the party, to help States. this President, and to help all the Repub- I like to finish what I start, and a lot licans standing for election next fall. This of glib talk won’t get the job done. I’m kind is truly a most successful occasion, I’m told. of holding back on going after the oppo- It seems to me I just left here having nents until after the Republican Convention thanked all of you, but I’ll do it one more in the middle of August. But I’ll tell you time because I am delighted to have this something: I am getting a little sick and fantastic support for all of us who are stand- tired of being on the receiving end of criti- ing for election in the fall. cism day-in and day-out from all those sorry I was delighted to see so many members Democrats that were running for President, of the State legislature here. And, of course, and now some independent. And when I I want to thank Randy Agley and Mike am unleashed and when we get out of this Timmis and Heinz Prechter and so many mode, this nonpolitical mode we’re in, I’ll others—I’m going to get in trouble—every- tell you, I’ll be ready for the fray. I have body that had a hand in making this so suc- never felt better, nor have I ever felt more cessful. I want to single out Councilman eager to take my case to the American peo- Keith Butler and our Lieutenant Governor ple. who I’ve known for a long, long time, Frankly, I don’t care about those polls. Connie Binsfeld, and the Republican lead- Fortunately, when I was soaring around ership that helped turn this great State about 85 percent I said I didn’t believe in around. the polls. Smartest thing I ever said. And I am looking forward to repeating [Laughter] But they changed, and frankly, the experience of Cobo Hall. Barbara and I don’t think we’re looking too bad. But let I when we came in here just about 12 years me tell you this: This election, when people ago, across the street to another hotel, it get down to deciding who they want in the was there that I was picked to be Vice White House, they’re going to say, ‘‘Who President on the stand on the Republican has the temperament, who has the experi- ticket. And that has propelled us now into ence, who has the record to lead this coun- a fascinating experience. What I want to talk try for 4 years?’’ And I will be making the

1039 June 29 / Administration of George Bush, 1992 case, with your help, that we are the party lyst in reunification of the Germanys.’’ This that deserves a shot at controlling the is major. United States Congress and, thus, facilitat- Looking to the Middle East, you have an- ing our leadership. cient enemies talking to each other, the one Let me remind you: 35 years the Demo- thing the Arabs, the one thing the Israelis crats have controlled the House of Rep- wanted—to sit down opposite the table. resentatives; 29 out of the last 35 years And it was your country that brought this they’ve controlled the United States Senate. about. People are saying: Well, what about divided When Saddam Hussein invaded a neigh- Government? Why don’t you just say that bor, it was the United States that took the you’ll stand with whatever the people want, lead. Now you have a lot of revisionists run- if they elect a Democratic Congress, a Democratic President? Let me tell you ning around Washington, DC, telling us that something. We tried that in the late seven- something was noble—that something was ties. We had a Democratic President. We wrong. And they are crazy. What we did had a Democratic House. We had a Demo- is set back aggression, put together a coali- cratic Senate. And we had the highest ‘‘mis- tion to lead, and today the United States ery rate’’ that this country has ever seen. is the undisputed leader of the world. That’s It went right out through the roof. What something we can take to the American we haven’t tried is a Republican House, a people. And the Baltics are free, and South Republican Senate, and a Republican Presi- America is moving almost entirely demo- dent. And if you want to bring change to cratic. We have a lot to be grateful for. this country, help me elect a Republican Let me say this parenthetically: I am Congress in the fall. going to keep pushing to a successful con- You know, this year, as I say, has been clusion of the GATT round, a successful a little weird, a little peculiar. The other conclusion of the North American free trade day Boris Yeltsin came to town, the Presi- agreement because that means not only jobs dent of Russia, a democratically elected in for the United States, it means opportunity a free election, certifiably free election, for other countries. Build their economies, came to Russia. We stood in the Rose Gar- and that’ll help the world economy. And den, made a deal, signed an agreement in we’re going to be free traders, not protec- the White House to banish from the face tionists. That’s the case I’m going to take of the Earth these tremendous interconti- to the American people. nental ballistic missiles known as the SS– So, I believe the record for world peace 18. If any one of you has followed this and and democracy and freedom is clear. Out if you’d have said 4 years ago or 2 or even of focus right now in terms of people’s at- a few months ago that we could have tention, but I think in the final analysis peo- worked out a deal to eliminate these most ple are going to say: To whom do you trust destabilizing weapons, people would have the national security of our great country? looked at you and said you’re nuts. Who best to enhance the peace? Who best We worked that deal out. Every child in America can sleep more securely without to fight for democracy and freedom? And the fear of nuclear war that generations that I believe that will conclude that I am that preceded it had. And the country is totally person to lead the country for 4 years. focusing on something else. I am convinced Now, people say to me, ‘‘Well, you were that when we go to the people in the fall, successful on Desert Storm; why can’t you we will say this: We have made the world bring that same kind of leadership to the safer because of our leadership in world af- domestic scene? Good question. And the fairs. And the American people are going answer is, we must make the changes in to respond. the United States Congress to move our Heinz Prechter introduced me to a friend program through because our values are in of his tonight who is here from East Ger- accord with the values of the American peo- many. With tears in his eyes, he said, ple. ‘‘Thank you, Mr. President, for being a cata- Let me just give you one or two areas

1040 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / June 29 where I think we have a fantastic case to give me that line-item veto, and give me take to the American people. I have just a shot at cutting down on this Federal come from a law enforcement meeting spending. You hear a lot now about these. where we had sheriffs and police chiefs Every candidate is supposed to get the from all across the State. And I told them: budget in balance and get the deficit down. Look, what we need is a strong anticrime We have a concrete proposal before the legislation. We need to vary the exclusionary United States Congress right now that rule so that we don’t have cases frivolously makes some tough decisions. It controls the thrown out. We need to change habeas cor- growth of mandatory spending programs. pus so that we don’t have appeal after ap- You can’t do it just through the discre- peal that deny the swiftness of the law. We tionary program. And it’s languishing there need to be tougher on those who commit as the Congress sends down bill after bill crimes against other people in terms of tak- to me to raise people’s taxes and to increase ing their life. And that means tightening up spending. We’ve got a good case to take on the death penalty laws. We have had to the American people, and says: Give me strong anticrime legislation before the more Congressmen that will vote to control United States Congress. The Democrats talk those mandatory programs, and then we can a good game, and they haven’t even given get this deficit down. us a vote on our crime package. The Amer- Speaking of Government reform, I think ican people want to back our law enforce- the time has come to limit the terms for ment communities because they know that the Members of Congress. The President’s strengthens neighborhoods and strengthens terms is limited; let’s try to limit the terms families. And I think we have a good case of the Members of Congress and see if we to take on that. can’t keep them closer to the American peo- On the economy, though I believe the economy is moving, I still feel that what ple. we ought to do is put incentives into the A major area where we’ve got outstanding tax system. And that means a capital gains proposals and a pretty darned good record cut; that means an investment tax allowance; is on education. We have a program called that means changing the IRA’s; that means America 2000. It crosses party lines. The a first-time credit for homebuyers so the first thing I did as President was to get the young American family has a shot at the Governors together, Democrat and Repub- American dream. And that is stymied, all lican alike, to set the national education of it, by the Democratic Congress. goals. Party was laid aside. The goals were We had a fight the other day on the bal- set. And now we have a program to imple- anced budget amendment. That’s not going ment those goals called America 2000 that to solve all the problems. It’s going to dis- literally revolutionizes American education cipline the executive branch. It’ll darn sure and brings to K through 12 the same kind discipline the spend-and-spend Congress. of quality education that we’re known for We got almost two-thirds of the vote. at the college and university level. And it Twelve Democrats who sponsored the reso- is languishing. Parts of it are languishing lution, sponsored the amendment, were in the House of Representatives because it taken to the woodshed by that liberal lead- has to go to some old subcommittee chair- ership of the House of Representatives, man that’s been there for a thousand years beaten over the head until they were a pulp, and hasn’t had a new thought since the day and they voted against their own amend- he arrived. We’ve got to change the United ment, and the amendment went down. We States Congress. need to change the leadership in the United And while we’re at it, I think we ought States Congress and give the Republicans to have choice in education at K through 12. a chance. I was a beneficiary of the GI bill when I got The Government is too big, and it spends out of the Navy in 1945. And they didn’t say too much. And we’re trying to do something to me: Hey, you can’t go to Holy Cross or about it. I’d like to ask the American people you can’t go to a private school. You went this fall: Give me what 43 Governors have, to wherever you wanted to go to; the

1041 June 29 / Administration of George Bush, 1992 family made that choice. In this instance, $1,000. And the welfare people came to her, the sailor made that choice, the Navy man her mother on welfare, and said your moth- made the choice. And it’s helped our col- er’s going off of welfare if you save money leges. like this because you’re not allowed to accu- And the same thing can happen if they mulate over $1,000. Change the welfare re- can pass our ‘‘GI bill’’ for children that we form, reform the welfare system so that you came up with the other day. It gives the can eliminate this kind of stupidity, and in families a little shot in the arm, gives them the process, strengthen the family. And a little voucher so they can then choose that’s what we’re going to try to do. where their children go to school. And it I heard one of the candidates for Presi- will help those schools that are bypassed dent ridiculing the fact that I have a session because to stay alive they’re going to have each year reading to children. Symbolic, to compete. And it’s not going to diminish yes. But what is the symbol? It is the idea the public education system. If you don’t that adults ought to read to their kids or believe me, go up to Milwaukee and talk that parents ought to read to their kids. And where it’s been tried. Or go to Minnesota let the cynics who think everything can be where they’ve been in the lead on choice legislated miss the point. The point is that in education. Choice in education is what when Barbara Bush holds an AIDS baby we want. Choice in child care is what we in her arms, she’s demonstrating compas- now have because of Republican principles. sion. And when she or I read to kids, we’re And I want to take this case to the Amer- saying parents ought to do this. They ought ican people in the fall. to hold their families together and love I want to thank some Members of Con- them. And every kid ought to have that kind gress. I don’t want to be down on all of of opportunity. And that isn’t cynical poli- them because one of the only tools the tics, that’s what this country wants. President has, when he is outnumbered in I’m just getting warmed up on you guys, the Congress and when he is asked to pass I’ll tell you, because I’ve only mentioned things that the people who elected him op- about four issues here where I think we pose, is the veto. And the veto score: Bush are just exactly where the heartbeat of 30, Congress 0. And I am going to keep America is. But you couldn’t tell it because on vetoing this tax-and-spend legislation as of all the noise and the fury out there of it comes to the White House until we can Politics ’92: endless polls, weird talk shows, get enough people to pass sensible legisla- crazy groups every Sunday telling you what tion. you think, ninety-two percent of the news Now, we’ve got a good record to take to on the economy being negative when the the American people. The ideas and the val- economy grew, admittedly slowly, but grew ues that I believe we all stand for are intact. at 2.7 in the first quarter. Ninety-two per- What we need is to get it in focus now cent negative. What kind of reporting is for the American people. I might say, par- that? enthetically, when we talk about family val- But the American people are smart. ues, this is not some demagogic exercise. They’re going to sort it out. They’re going When the mayors of some of the largest to separate fiction from fact. They’re going cities and some small ones too, the National to know reality when they see it. And I’m League of Cities, came to see me—and I going to say this to them: I have worked mentioned this to the law enforcement peo- my heart out as President of the United ple this afternoon—they said that the big- States. Barb and I have tried to uphold the gest concern they had, the biggest single dignity and the decency and honor that be- focus on the problem, the cause of the longs in the White House. I need 4 more problems in urban America was the decline years, with a Republican Congress this time, in the American family. And they are abso- to finish the job for the American people. lutely correct. I am convinced that we must And I ask you for your support. I promise find ways to strengthen the family. When you I’ll work my heart out to that end. I talk about reform of the welfare system, Thank you, and may God bless you all. I have in mind a little girl who saved over Thank you.

1042 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / June 30

Note: The President spoke at 7:15 p.m. in Agley, chairman, Michigan Republican Fi- the Mackinac Ballroom at the Westin Hotel. nance Committee; and Michael T. Timmis In his remarks, he referred to Randolph J. and Heinz Prechter, dinner cochairmen.

Designation of John B. Waters as Chairman of the Board of Directors of the Tennessee Valley Authority June 29, 1992

The President today designated John B. Sevierville, TN. Waters, of Tennessee, as Chairman of the Mr. Waters graduated from the University Board of Directors of the Tennessee Valley of Tennessee (B.S., 1952), and the Univer- Authority. He would succeed Marvin T. sity of Tennessee Law School (J.D., 1961). Runyon. He served in the U.S. Navy from 1952 to Since 1984, Mr. Waters has served as a 1955. He was born July 15, 1929, in member of the Tennessee Valley Authority Sevierville, TN. Mr. Waters is married, has Board. From 1961 to 1984, he served with two children, and resides in Sevierville, TN. the law firm of Hailey, Waters & Sykes in

Remarks and a Question-and-Answer Session With the Agriculture Communicators Congress June 30, 1992

The President. Thank you for that wel- Before I get into the agricultural topics, come. And to those of you from outside I’d like to make a short statement that I the beltway, as we say, welcome to Wash- hope will be of interest to all of you, indeed, ington on this humid day. This Herb to all Americans. This morning Ambassador Plambeck memorial get-together—[laugh- Malcolm Toon briefed me on his trip last ter]—some of you may know the dean down week to Russia. He went there to determine there, but it’s always a pleasure to see him whether the American POW’s or MIA’s and see so many of you. could possibly be alive there; went there, Let me just say a word about our Sec- the full cooperation pledged by Boris retary of Agriculture. He came into this job Yeltsin before he left. His report makes with considerable experience in agriculture, clear that Boris Yeltsin stands by his pledge, both out in the field and then in Congress. providing us access to Russian officials and In my view, he has done an outstanding opening up the KGB archives. But Ambas- job for American agriculture. Not only has he worked hard here domestically, the con- sador Toon also reports that his search has cerns of the farmers very much on his mind, yet to uncover any evidence that American but I can tell you from watching him in POW’s or MIA’s are currently being held action he has done a superb job in terms in Russia. of negotiating to try to achieve a successful As President, I take it to be an article conclusion to the Uruguay round of GATT. of faith, a solemn covenant with those who And I am very, very grateful to him. serve this country: The United States will I’m delighted to see Sara Wyant and Mar- always make every possible effort, take sha Mauzey and Dave King and Taylor every possible action to learn the fate of Brown. And once again, let me say welcome those taken prisoner or missing in action. to all of you. Our aim remains a full accounting for every

1043 June 30 / Administration of George Bush, 1992

POW and MIA, nothing less. I’m grateful with our commonsense agricultural policy, to Malcolm Toon for pursuing this impor- we can secure a more prosperous future for tant mission. He’s home now. He’s left farmers by expanding and hopefully creating some people there, and we are going to a lot of new markets, both at home and try to get to the bottom of this so we can abroad. allay the concerns of every family who With a fourth of our production sold might possibly be involved. abroad, the world looks to the American At my instruction, Ambassador Toon will farmer for its food and fiber needs. This continue his work with the full support of year, that adds up to an expected $41 billion the Russian Government, including an ex- in exports, the second highest in history, haustive search of the Soviet archives. And and an $18 billion positive trade balance. the government, this may interest you, has And that’s not all. These farm exports gen- promised to make a definitive statement on erate hundreds of thousands of jobs right this issue within the next few weeks. They here at home. Exports are a key to agri- are taking their role very seriously. And culture’s continued strength and economic we’re going to pursue every credible ac- growth. That’s why our economic plan, the count of American POW’s or MIA’s held one I am pushing with Congress, includes by the Soviet regime. programs to actively promote these agricul- Now to the issue at hand, the matrix of tural sectors. And that’s why we’re working this wonderful get-together. First, my to expand markets, open new ones on sev- thanks to all of you for the great job you eral fronts. do in keeping the farmers and the ranchers and the agribusiness owners not just well- We’re going to knock down trade barriers informed but the best informed in the en- and ensure fair competition for American tire world. I know you have their respect farmers in the world marketplace. The and gratitude and certainly mine, too. GATT and the NAFTA agreements are crit- Democracy works because at its heart is ical, and I will not let up on my commit- one fundamental principle, freedom. Free- ment to either of them. I will continue to dom is about human rights, self-determina- press our trading partners. A GATT agree- tion, peace among nations. It’s also about ment is clearly in everyone’s best interest the free flow of ideas and information, and because it will increase economic growth that’s where your job comes in. That’s why worldwide. But while we work for an agree- your work is so important not only to de- ment, we are not going to forget to defend mocracy and free enterprise but also to agri- the interests of American farmers. culture. America’s agricultural prosperity is tied to Thanks, in part, to the job that you do exports. And 95 percent of the world’s pop- every single day, agriculture is America’s ulation lives outside the United States of number one industry. There are still a lot America, and global population growth is of people in this country that don’t under- outpacing ours by 70 percent each year. We stand this, so let me repeat it: Agriculture want to make sure that our farmers and is America’s number one industry. ranchers are in a position to take advantage The news lately has been taken up with of the trade opportunities this growth offers urban issues. But I want you to know that by freeing farmers to make decisions based rural issues are equally important. And my on market demands. growth agenda that I’m trying to get Export credits to Russia and other new through the Congress will benefit all Ameri- nations of the old U.S.S.R., we call them cans. With lower capital gains taxes, invest- the C.I.S., are opening the door to a vast ment tax credits, we call them the invest- and important market for our agricultural ment tax allowances, and health care re- goods, one that holds incredible potential form, farmers are major beneficiaries of our for our producers. As you know, our able economic growth agenda. Secretary, Ed Madigan, announced earlier Our policies have, I think we’d all agree, that we would make $150 million in export kept interest rates low. So farm debt has credit guarantees available to Russia around gone down, while income has gone up. And July 1st and another $150 million around

1044 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / June 30

August 1st. However, in response to Presi- making comforters and pillows out of milk- dent Yeltsin’s request, we announced that weed floss, milkweed floss, you heard me both credit guarantee packages, a total of correctly. In Illinois, Ed’s home State, they $300 million, will be available on or about plan to produce biodegradable plastics from July 1st. This completes the $600 million farm products. Ed was over here, for all credit guarantee offer that I made to Russia of you ardent golfers, showing me some golf back on April 1st. And it brings to $4.85 tees made out of corn. I don’t know that billion the value of CCC credit guaranteed they’ll help, but I’ll try anything—[laugh- by my administration, those guarantees ter]—so if I can get them back— made available to assist U.S. agricultural ex- Then, of course, one subject that I know ports to the former U.S.S.R. since January is on the minds of everybody, that’s ethanol, of ’91. a great American success story that is now Now, these and other export programs are the single largest industrial use of corn. And keeping American ag products competitive, the Clean Air Act that I signed into law and they are boosting export sales. In addi- does provide new opportunities for ethanol. tion to the expanding exports, regulatory re- Let me say it straight out in plain English: form has got to be a key priority. Our regu- I support ethanol. And I believe it must latory changes put the farmer back in become a major player in the fuel market. charge. And as the old saying goes, the best The oxygenated fuels program created by way to solve farm problems is to consult that clean air law will be up and running the hardest hands. I am very pleased with the job that Vice this fall. We want to make sure that ethanol President Quayle and the Competitiveness is competitive in the reformulated gasoline Council are doing to cut back on excessive program. To encourage ethanol use, I am regulation. We’re not talking here just about today announcing my support for an amend- ag; we’re talking about all across the indus- ment which makes the gas tax exemption trial spectrum. But they’re doing a superb for ethanol proportional to the amount of job on limiting and restricting regulation ethanol used in gasoline. This will allow eth- and trying to eliminate the excessive regula- anol blends to compete with other additives. tions. The bottom line is less carbon monoxide Since I announced a moratorium on new for American citizens and more sales for regulations in the State of the Union Ad- American farmers. dress, we have saved $15 billion to $20 bil- You know, Americans are doers. With lion in the cost of excessive redtape. And their hard work and determination to get this is just a downpayment on things to the job done, they accomplish great things come. Our regulatory relief initiative is as long as the Government does not get based on commonsense principles: putting in the way. I’ve said it before, and let me the individual back in charge, creating jobs just say it here again today: It’s America’s for Americans, and protecting property entrepreneurs, men and women of faith and rights for all. That’s guaranteed under the vision and imagination like our farmers, who Constitution. create our Nation’s wealth. So get Govern- My commitment to developing alternative ment out of their way and on their side, markets is equally strong. Technological ad- and you’ll see that there’s no limit to what vances have opened the way to create a new they can do for this country. industrial feedstock for America, one de- I am convinced that one of the best things rived from agricultural commodities that we can do for American agriculture is to will give consumers products that are safer bring these two trade agreements to a suc- for the environment. cessful conclusion. If you want to see a Ed Madigan shares my vision of tapping growth in American agriculture, please do into this commercial potential, and we’re whatever you can when we get an agree- seeing real success. In my home State of ment to help get it through the Congress. Texas, a group of imaginative entrepreneurs We’re not going to take agreements up plan to make newsprint from a crop called there that are bad. But I believe what I’ve kenaf. And in Nebraska, another group is said about American agriculture and about

1045 June 30 / Administration of George Bush, 1992 entrepreneurship. I just want you to know omy, though it could be better in certain we’re going to work right down to the wire sectors, is doing reasonably well, I think in to get these two agreements done. some categories doing quite well. I think Now, with no further ado, I understand that farmers recognize that private sector it’s in order to take a few questions. And initiatives are very important, and I hope I don’t know how it’s been arranged, but they know that. I’m sure Ed has thought out—maybe you I don’t think every farmer makes up his just hold up your hand and yell. Oh, we’ve mind just on agricultural issues. I think got a microphone over here. minor details like world peace mean some- Q. Mr. President, first of all, you may thing to farmers and the fact that their kids not be aware but we invited the other Presi- go to bed at night with less fear of nuclear dential candidates to come and speak to us. war. In the final analysis, I think that’s You were the only one that could find time something that will inure to the benefit of to do so, and we appreciate it very much. those I’m running with in the fall. I think The President. Hey. we’ve done a good job in facilitating these Q. Having said that, I want to tell you dramatic changes around the world. that Farm Journal magazine is fortunate to Where I feel a certain frustration is in have a number of editors located, we call my inability to get certain things passed it field editors, in different parts of the through Congress. I happen to believe, as country. And they regularly attend many I said in my remarks, that a capital gains meetings with farmers and ranchers. And tax is very, very important for farmers. I they report to us that farmers and ranchers think farmers identify with that. And the really seem to identify with the un-can- others are kind of all around on the field didate, Mr. Perot. Mr. President, can you on this. tell us why farmers and ranchers should So I think things like that and the invest- vote for you instead of Ross Perot or Gov- ment tax allowance, the first-time credit for ernor Clinton? homebuyers, that $5,000 credit, even The President. Well, I can tell you why though they’re not just ag policy, are things I think they should vote for me, and let that farmers’ families can identify with. others sort out—because I’m not in what Lastly, I’d like to take my case to the they call a campaign mode yet. I can’t wait American people on what we call farmly val- to get started actually—[laughter]—and that ues—family values—[laughter]—not in a will be after the Republican Convention in contentious sense. But you see, Barbara and the middle of August. What I’ve tried to I both believe that family, the strength of do is get things done for this country. I’ve the American family, is absolutely vital to tried to stay out as much as possible, and where we’re going to be as a country in I’ll admit I’m not totally pure on this, of the future. That means I am reviewing, as the political fray. And for about 6 months President, things like the welfare system to I’ve been pounded by both of them, plus see how we can reform it to keep families several others that dropped out along the together and not have some idiotic redtape way. So I understand politics. I understand keeping them apart. how the attack politics works. But I will So I would appeal to farmers not just on be ready. I’ve never felt more fit, and I’ve ag issues, where I think we’ve got a good never felt more up for a fight. record with good people managing the ac- But what we’re trying to do, and why I count, but on a broad array of philosophical think farmers in the final analysis will be questions that I think we agree with. I with me, is to put less emphasis on these would again cite the world peace as some- government interventions into agriculture, thing that is very important. You can’t find trying to conclude successfully two trade it talked about. I see no media mention of agreements that will expand markets. I it. think we’ve handled the programs that are We entered into—you asked me what on the books now, I hope, with fairness. time it is, and I’m telling you how to build I am thinking of the export programs, things a watch here. [Laughter] But we had Boris of that nature. I think the agricultural econ- Yeltsin here the other day. And I think of

1046 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / June 30 my times campaigning in Iowa years ago We are determined to preserve the quality and how Iowa has kind of—I single out of American health care. And the way to Iowa, but it’s kind of an internationalist do it is to go through with this program State in a sense, a great interest in all these that we now have defined up there that has things. We had Yeltsin standing here in the a hallmark of it: Access for those people Rose Garden, and we entered into a deal who do not have insurance. to eliminate the biggest and the most It also has ways to revise and change the threatening intercontinental ballistic mis- costs, the ever-escalating costs in health siles, the SS–18’s of the Soviet Union. And care. One of the things, a fundamental it was almost ‘‘Ho-hum, what have you done tenet, again, that I would like to see us get for me recently?’’ This is major. This affects through Congress, but it is blocked by the every family in agricultural or urban Amer- trial lawyers, is this concept that we care ica, and it is significant. for each other too little and sue each other I think that I will be taking the case to too much. We want to change these liability, the American people, again, not just on put some caps on some of this liability so these ag issues that I’ve talked about in my we don’t have these malicious lawsuits driv- remarks but on a broad array of issues, and ing obstetricians out of business, for exam- hoping, and I believe properly, that the ple. We’ve got a good health care program economy, which has been stagnant and dull, that I think will benefit rural America as will be vastly improved. And I point to the well as urban America. growth of the first quarter, 2.7 percent We’re working very closely with Con- growth, and yet the American people feel, gressman Coleman on how we can better by over 60 percent, that things are getting attract other jobs and opportunities to some worse in terms of the economy. areas in rural America that have been by- There is a gap between reality and per- passed, more people in some concentrated ception. And part of my job when I do get areas leaving the farm. into a campaign mode is to try to close that I think the best thing that we can do is gap and be sure that we are judged on re- to guarantee that this overall economy reality, not on these erroneous perceptions cover. And as I say, it’s growing. It’s not that are being portrayed in the political growing near as robustly as I’d like to see process. Did you get it? it growing. But if we can pass the capital Q. Thank you. gains cut, the investment tax allowance, the The President. All right. Who’s next? I first-time homebuyers tax credit—and that’s apologize for going on so long, but I’m prac- something that would be good for rural ticing for when I do get in a political mode. America, I might add—I believe we can [Laughter] stimulate the economy without making the Q. You talked about rural activities a little deficit worse. bit, a while ago, and I would like to ask I will take to the rural America as well you to possibly elaborate, if you could. You as urban America my advocacy of and de- know as well as I do in Texas, lots of rural fense of a balanced budget amendment. It area there in the farming and ranching in- is time to discipline not just Congress; this dustry, and it seems to be drying up, not will discipline every budgeteer in the execu- only in Texas but in other parts of the tive branch, the branch I head. And we United States. There’s a lot of concerns, need it. And 80 percent of the American crop failures, environmental pressures, and people want it. Twelve of the sponsors of health care needs in smaller communities. the balanced budget amendment that fa- Can you kind of outline for us, if you can, vored it were beaten to their knees by the what you plan on doing? Democratic leadership who said, ‘‘Well, The President. Health care, we have the you’ve got to change your minds’’—12 of best, and I say this with appropriate mod- the sponsors of it. And we lost by a handful esty, the best health care reform proposal. of votes; almost got two-thirds in the Con- It will have appeals in rural America be- gress. cause what it says is: We reject nationalized So I think there’s some specific things health care. We reject socialized medicine. that will appeal. But I also think there’s

1047 June 30 / Administration of George Bush, 1992 some broader macroeconomic things that a burden on the farmers. will appeal. It is my view that on these decisions you Q. We note that you held the line, al- ought to take in market force. I don’t like though it was an unpopular line among takings. The recent Supreme Court deci- some in the press, recently at the Earth sion, I think, was a decision the right way. summit in Rio on the balance between the Some guy goes and buys some property, and environment and the business interests here he’s told he can’t use it. Now, that isn’t in the United States. We wonder if this is the American system. something we may see more of in the future I think we’ve got to move the manual in your stance toward the wetlands and the out, and we’re trying to move forward as endangered species policies here in the quickly as possible on that. I think for a United States? And also, I wondered what while it looked like we were too far over will be your position in clarifying the roles between the Corps and EPA on the regu- of the agencies in coordinating wetlands latory side, and I hope that the steps we’ve policy? taken recently have corrected that. But I The President. Well, first place, thank you guess the answer is to try to balance all for your comments about Rio. That’s the of these interests. first nice thing I’ve heard. My definition of You mentioned the endangered species. leadership is not going out and just signing We had a decision coming out of the Inte- onto a piece of paper that—it doesn’t mat- rior Department the other day where I ter how many other countries give it. We’re caught hell on both sides; therefore I fig- the United States. We have the best record ured we did something right. [Laughter] on the environment of any country, literally. We got it from the extremes in the environ- You lay down the records, certainly the very mental movement, and then some devel- best. opers thought we should have protected So I was not playing defense down there 30,000 logging jobs instead of 15,000. It is in Rio. I was simply saying, if you really a very complicated problem. We’ve got to want to help on medicines or if you really enforce the endangered species law. But want to help on other aspects of biodiver- when it comes to interpretation I also, and sity, don’t enter into a treaty that fails to I told them this when we made this deci- protect America’s property rights, fails to sion, I’ve got to have some responsibility protect those to whom the world is looking for the American family, for people that are for scientific advancement and technological trying to make a living in a tough economic advancement. time. So I’m quite sure that we were correct I know that I will be—as we move into in that position. And we did not enter into the political year, they will get on me be- a global climate change treaty that is going cause the extreme environmentalists are not to increase the cost to this country. Let me happy. But I maintain in wetlands no net tell you the figure: We have spent $800 bil- loss. It’s a good policy. I think we can im- lion on environment, $800 billion, this is plement it so that it does not do damage private, obviously, as well as government, to the American farmer. But we are going in the last 10 years. The estimate is $1.2 to be taking a strong environmental record trillion in the next 10 years, and we are to the American people; one that I’m proud leading the world in this. of. And yet I recognize, hey, we’re going On terms of the wetlands, I had hoped to get it from both sides. that we could get the wetlands reserve pro- Q. Mr. President, I’m told—— gram going fully forward. I believe it’s a The President. I forgot to tell you that good answer. And I announced in Califor- I’ve got a radical view of wetlands. I think nia—I was just trying to get the date; any- wetlands ought to be wet. [Laughter] I way, it was last month sometime—the im- think you know what I mean. We had one plementation of the wetlands reserve pro- example of a city block, I mean, they were gram. Now we’ve got to go and get it fund- trying to build a parking garage or some- ed by the Congress. If funded, it will restore thing. Some guy came along and out of a million acres of wetlands without imposing some weird interpretation claimed it was a

1048 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / June 30 wetland. So I think we’ve got to be wary I believe we have rather fully used the of the extremes. EEP. Yes, sir. Secretary Madigan. Eight hundred mil- Q. Mr. President, I’m told that we only lion dollars so far this year. have time for one question. So before I ask The President. Eight hundred million dol- it, I’d like to thank you, on behalf of the lars so far this year. And I salute the Sec- group, for coming today. The question is retary for this. And obviously, I wish you this: There’s a perception in the country- had been with me, sir, when I was in Aus- side, reflected somewhat in Congress, that tralia. They were on me about that—‘‘How our wheat exports for the last few weeks can you treat a friend’’—I said, look, this or months have about ground to a halt be- is the law. This is what we should and must cause of the lack of EEP subsidy announce- do, is to use those provisions of the law ments and allocations by the Government; to enhance our agricultural exports. And it’s perception that Secretary Madigan is doing not aimed at you, Mr. Australian Foreign his best, USDA is trying, but that Secretary Minister or whoever it was that was all over Baker, Brent Scowcroft at the NSC are my case down there. It is the law of the stopping it. My question to you, Mr. Presi- land. dent: Is foreign policy going to dictate agri- And incidentally, on EEP we are quite cultural policy, or can you let Madigan be selective, and we don’t try to bludgeon our Madigan? friends. It wasn’t passed for that end, as The President. Well, we can let Madigan everybody here knows. So I think we’ve be—almost be Madigan. [Laughter] The been fair in the application. I can’t concede reason I say that is the farmer has no better that sometimes timing is affected, a friend. But what happens here when we get brandnew announcement of a protection or down into final negotiations on the GATT an encouragement to domestic agriculture round, for example, I turn to Ed. And I item is held back for a few days. But I said, ‘‘Now look, I have said I am not going think we faithfully implemented the law. to bring a GATT agreement to the Congress I might add something on that. I hope where the farmers can’t support it.’’ You it doesn’t sound too defensive. I see a lot know and I know that no matter what of revisionists talking about Iraq now. We agreement we get, there may well be one did try through using agricultural credits to farm group or another that says they don’t encourage Saddam Hussein to join the fam- like it. But I’m talking about an agreement ily of nations. I remember a lot of support that has broad support in agricultural Amer- in agricultural America at the time. Now, ica. And so Ed will say, ‘‘Here’s what we a lot of people that opposed me on Desert can do.’’ We have not departed. We have Storm have a kind of revisionistic view of not pushed him—and you can let him, after things, and they’re trying to make it that I’m out of here, he can correct me if he this was wrong and that this gave him the wants to—have not pushed him beyond funds to buy bombs or something of that what he thinks is in the best interest of nature. It isn’t. The policy did not work, the American farmer. and we did what we had to do to stand Now, in terms of emphasis, in terms of up against aggression. timing, as we come down to the wire on But here was a case where ag credits the NAFTA or on the Uruguay round, there were caught up in a scene. Now people are are some times when you have to try trying to say those ag credits were the rea- through open and honest diplomacy to get son, you know, gave him the wherewithal the agreement. And if that means you don’t to take over a neighboring country, and I slap somebody the first instance you have don’t believe it. I don’t believe it. I think a chance with a fine or with some action we properly used these credits for what they that retaliates, okay, that’s the way it is. I’ve were designed to do. I think it’s been bene- got to keep in mind the big picture because ficial to American agriculture, and I’m I know that a successful conclusion to the going to continue to use them in a way GATT round is in the interest of the Amer- that’s beneficial to American agriculture ican people. with the national security interests of the

1049 June 30 / Administration of George Bush, 1992

United States foremost in my mind. use of the EEP. So I can’t say it’s been perfect, but I do Thank you all very, very much. think that the Department and, I hope, the White House has done a good job in the Note: The President spoke at 1:31 p.m. at implementation of the law and in the using the Department of Agriculture. In his re- of these credits. I can tell you that what marks, he referred to Herb Plambeck and I really would rejoice in, and what I will William Taylor Brown, former president rejoice in, is when we get this GATT agree- and president, National Association of Farm ment closed and get it finalized and let the Broadcasters; Sara Wyant Lutz, president, American farmer compete with others on American Agricultural Editors Association; a level playing field all around the world. Marsha Mauzey, president, Agricultural Re- And that is the final and best answer to lations Council; and David King, president, your very penetrating question about the Agricultural Communicators in Education.

Remarks on the Superconducting Super Collider June 30, 1992

The President. Look, this meeting is about a few critical questions, but I think that the the super collider. And I just want to thank team answered them well because we do these most distinguished scientists for taking have good answers. the strong scientific case up to Capitol Hill The President. Well, what we’ve got to in support of this project. It is important do is get it restored in the conference and not just for national pride; it’s important to get this under control. We’re fighting for science generally that this be fully funded it, and we are committed to it. We have and that we stay out front, working, of a handful of these major scientific projects course, with international partners the best that need support, even though we’ve got we can, but that we remain out front. And tough budgetary conditions. This is no time I’m anxious to hear from you how you feel, to cut the funding for this project. We will sir, your testimony went. And thank you fight with you for it. very much for going up there to the Senate. Dr. Schwitters. Thank you very much. We We’ve got to get in the Senate and get ap- really appreciate that. proved that which we failed to do in the House. Note: The President spoke at 4:10 p.m. in Dr. Schwitters. I think we had a chance the Roosevelt Room at the White House, to make the case for the SSC. We talked during at a meeting with Government and about the long-term value and need in the private-sector scientists. Roy Schwitters was science and then the value of doing this Director of the Superconducting Super kind of research for the country. We had Collider Laboratory in Waxahachie, TX.

Letter to Congressional Leaders Reporting on the Cyprus Conflict June 30, 1992

Dear Mr. Speaker: (Dear Mr. Chairman:) tion. This report covers the last 21 days of In accordance with Public Law 95–384 March, all of April, and the first 15 days (22 U.S.C. 2373(c)), I am submitting to you of May, 1992. this bimonthly report on progress toward a negotiated settlement of the Cyprus ques-

1050 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / June 30

In mid-March, U.S. Special Cyprus Coor- and asked the U.N. Security Council to ac- dinator Nelson Ledsky traveled to the East- tively support another determined effort on ern Mediterranean to see if he could clear Cyprus that he was prepared to undertake, up what Turkish officials had described as and to work directly with him and his rep- a ‘‘misunderstanding’’ on the part of U.N. resentatives and all concerned to achieve a negotiators, and thus get the U.N.-spon- fair, permanent, and peaceful solution to sored negotiating process restarted. He re- the problem. mained in the area for 10 days, during The Security Council responded on April which time he consulted directly with Presi- 10 with Security Council Resolution 750 (a dent Vassiliou of Cyprus and Turkish Cyp- copy also attached), which commended the riot leader Mr. Rauf Denktash, as well as efforts of the Secretary General, reaffirmed the Prime Ministers of Turkey and Greece. the U.N.’s ‘‘good office mandate,’’ endorsed All of his conversation partners signalled the Secretary General’s report of April 3, their willingness—indeed, desire—to see a specifically his description of the ‘‘set of new round of U.N.-led negotiations begin. ideas,’’ and asked the Secretary General to On March 25, on the occasion of Greek pursue intensive efforts during May and National Day, I publicly restated the U.S. June to complete the ‘‘set of ideas’’ and sub- commitment to serve as a catalyst for the mit a further report to the Security Council U.N. Cyprus effort. Two days later, Presi- by July 1992. During this period, the Secu- dent Vassiliou arrived in New York and met rity Council also decided to ‘‘remain seized with the U.N. Secretary General. After ad- of the Cyprus question on an ongoing and ditional meetings in New York, including direct basis.’’ consultations with the representatives of the permanent members of the U.N. Security During the 2 weeks that followed April Council, President Vassiliou visited several 10, the Greek and Turkish Governments Greek- and Cypriot-American communities and the leadership of the Turkish Cypriot around the United States. I saw him in community in Cyprus accepted the Sec- Washington on March 30 and reassured him retary General’s ‘‘set of ideas’’ as the basis of the commitment of the United States for further negotiations. After some internal Government to do all it could to assist the debate, President Vassiliou sent a letter to U.N. to bring the Cyprus negotiations to the Secretary General outlining general an early, successful conclusion. On March Greek Cypriot agreement as well. On the 31 and April 1, the Cypriot leader had a basis of all these assurances, the U.N. Sec- number of meetings with individual Mem- retary General wrote to each of the parties bers of Congress and with congressional again and sent his negotiators back to the groups and committees and made a number area on May 8. Prior to their departure of public appearances. from New York, the U.N. negotiators Mr. Denktash arrived in New York on briefed members of the Security Council on March 30 for separate consultations with their plans. the U.N. Secretary General. Ambassador In Cyprus, the negotiators met separately Ledsky also met with Mr. Denktash in New with Mr. Denktash and President Vassiliou York on April 3. from May 8 through May 12. The Nicosia Also on April 3, the U.N. Secretary Gen- meetings were followed by consultations in eral signed a lengthy report to the U.N. Ankara and Athens with the Prime Min- Security Council on his good offices mission isters and other officials of the Turkish and in Cyprus (a copy attached). The Secretary Greek Governments. These talks lasted General reported on the status of the nego- through May 15. The U.N. negotiators tiations and included some paragraphs de- briefed ambassadors of the permanent scribing the contents of the ‘‘set of ideas’’ members of the Security Council at meet- on Cyprus as they then stood and on devel- ings hosted by Ambassador Lamb in Nicosia opments relating to the U.N. Force in Cy- on May 11 and 18. prus (UNFICYP). In the section on conclu- On the completion of this round of dis- sions and recommendations, he decried the cussions, the negotiators, seemingly satisfied lack of progress since the summer of 1991 with the results, returned to New York to

1051 June 30 / Administration of George Bush, 1992 prepare a report for the Secretary General a good faith effort to bring this process to on the status of the negotiating effort. Based a successful conclusion. I continue to be- on this report the Secretary General will lieve that a negotiated solution can be decide on his next steps. reached. I remain convinced that the Secretary Sincerely, General’s ‘‘set of ideas’’ provide a sound basis for further negotiations and eventual GEORGE BUSH agreement. The United States Government and the U.N. Secretary General have re- Note: Identical letters were sent to Thomas ceived assurances from all parties that they S. Foley, Speaker of the House of Represent- also accept the ‘‘set of ideas’’ as the basis atives, and Claiborne Pell, chairman of the for further work and that they will make Senate Committee on Foreign Relations.

Presidential Determination No. 92–35—Memorandum on the Extension of the Indonesia-U.S. Nuclear Energy Cooperation Agreement June 30, 1992

Memorandum for the Secretary of State, the recommendations, and statements of the in- Secretary of Energy terested agencies. I have determined that the performance Subject: Determination on Extending the of the agreement for an additional period Agreement for Cooperation Between the of 10 years will promote, and will not con- United States of America and the Republic stitute an unreasonable risk to, the common of Indonesia Concerning Peaceful Uses of defense and security. Pursuant to section Nuclear Energy 123 b. of the Atomic Energy Act of 1954, as amended (42 U.S.C. 2153 (b)), I hereby I have considered the proposed agree- approve the proposed agreement on exten- ment to extend for a period of 10 years sion and authorize its execution. the Agreement for Cooperation Between the United States of America and the Re- GEORGE BUSH public of Indonesia Concerning Peaceful Uses of Nuclear Energy, signed at Washing- [Filed with the Office of the Federal Reg- ton June 30, 1980, along with the views, ister, 10:17 a.m., July 27, 1992]

Statement on Action Against Health Care Fraud June 30, 1992

The Federal Government took another of this unprecedented crackdown are phar- major step today to protect our citizens macists, other health care professionals, and against a type of crime which victimizes all prescription drug distributors who are Americans, health care fraud. charged with carrying out widespread fraud More than 1,000 Federal agents and 120 through excessive billings and the illegal di- other law enforcement officers carried out version, repackaging, and distribution of early morning raids in over 50 cities nation- prescription medicine. wide as part of Operation Goldpill, and we These people are charged with betraying expect charges against some 200 individuals, a sacred trust to their patients. These frauds corporations, and pharmacies. The targets

1052 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / June 30 result in the loss of billions from the pockets Goldpill. The FBI and other enforcement of every American who pays taxes and agencies working with them are using every health insurance premiums. These crimes law enforcement tool in our arsenal against also pose potentially grave health hazards these serious crimes, including undercover to patients. agents. The Government also has a sacred trust I wish to take this opportunity to con- to protect all Americans. Health care and gratulate Attorney General Barr, Health and health care fraud have long been enforce- Human Services Secretary Sullivan, the ment priorities for the Justice Department FBI, and the HHS Office of Inspector Gen- and Department of Health and Human eral for this outstanding example of the na- Services. Let those medical professionals tionally coordinated effort. I look forward and others who prey on the public take to the continued results of Operation heed: This is only phase one of Operation Goldpill.

Statement on the Balanced Budget Amendment June 30, 1992

I call upon the Senate today to cut sions. through the procedural obstacles and pass Although the House of Representatives a balanced budget constitutional amend- earlier this month voted overwhelmingly in ment. favor of a balanced budget amendment, we Americans overwhelmingly support a con- fell just nine short of the necessary two- stitutional amendment requiring a balanced thirds majority of House Members voting. Federal budget, and for good reason. The I strongly believe that that House vote debt we accumulate today jeopardizes sus- should not be the end of the line. Senate tained economic growth and will burden our passage now of the balanced budget amend- descendants for generations to come. A bal- ment would provide an opportunity for the anced budget amendment would help to House to reconsider its earlier close vote provide the necessary discipline to our Gov- and, once and for all, move to put in place ernment, both the legislative and executive the fiscal discipline the American people branches, to make the difficult budget deci- demand.

Statement by Press Secretary Fitzwater on the President’s Meeting With Foreign Minister Klaus Kinkel of Germany June 30, 1992

The President met for approximately one- President underscored his belief in the im- half hour in the Oval Office today with portance of NATO and the U.S. presence Klaus Kinkel, the Foreign Minister of Ger- in Europe to preserving our common secu- many. This was the Foreign Minister’s first rity interests. He also expressed his hope meeting with the President. Their discus- for progress on the current round of the sions were devoted mainly to U.S.-German GATT negotiations. relations, NATO, and the GATT round. The

1053 June 30 / Administration of George Bush, 1992

Appointment of Mark A. Guzzetta as Federal Representative to the Sabine River Compact Administration June 30, 1992

The President today announced his inten- sources Corp. in Boca Raton, FL. He has tion to appoint Mark A. Guzzetta, of Flor- also served in several positions with the ida, to be Federal Representative of the Hayward Tyler Pump Co. in Norwalk, CT, United States on the Sabine River Compact including contract manager, 1977–79, and Administration. He would succeed James B. southeast regional sales manager, 1979–81. Furrh, Jr. Mr. Guzzetta currently resides in Boca Since 1982, Mr. Guzzetta has served as Raton, FL. founder and president of the Water Re-

Remarks Following Discussions With Prime Minister Kiichi Miyazawa of Japan July 1, 1992

Mr. Prime Minister, to you and to the to the resolution of the POW/MIA issue other members of the Japanese delegation, with Vietnam. it is a real pleasure to have you back here We talked about how at Munich we can at the White House. assist in assuring the safety of nuclear power We’ve had a very successful discussion in- in the former Soviet Union. We reaffirmed side, one that reaffirms the importance of full United States support for Japan’s posi- the strong relationship between our two nation on the Northern Territories. tions. We discussed, of course, our global Finally, I assured the Prime Minister of partnership. We reviewed the prospects for the importance of Asia to the United States, the meeting that we’re both attending, next of our resolve to maintain our forward mili- week’s G–7 summit in Munich. tary presence in the Pacific and our appre- First on our agenda was our mutual com- ciation for Japan’s host nation support. mitment to global peace and prosperity. I’m We’ve made progress in resolving some encouraged by what the Prime Minister told of the differences between us, particularly me about Japan’s plans to stimulate eco- with regard to our trade relationship. Over nomic growth. I had a chance to fill him in on ours. Both of us confirmed our desire the past 6 months, we’ve reached significant for a strong and lasting recovery, and we agreements to improve American industries’ also discussed the Uruguay round and the access to Japan’s $9 billion computer mar- necessity of redoubling our efforts to in- ket, to their $27 billion paper markets. crease global prosperity. This will directly These agreements are very good news to benefit both the people of the United States the American worker. and Japan, and we both want to see a suc- Still, I feel we have more to do. And, cessful conclusion of that round. Mr. Prime Minister, I want to mention our I also told the Prime Minister that I wel- continued interest in access to your markets come the passage of Japan’s peace coopera- for automobiles and auto parts, semiconduc- tion bill. That will allow Japan to participate tors, as well as cooperation on the super actively in building a lasting peace in Cam- collider and striking down structural im- bodia and in other world trouble spots. We pediments to freer trade. agreed to cooperate on other regional We’ll track our progress on every item threats and problems from nuclear and mis- identified by our action plan. And sir, you sile proliferation concerns in North Korea can be assured we will do our part to im-

1054 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / July 1 prove our own competitiveness. is, I think it’s also important for us to re- I’ve made it clear, and I’ll continue to member that America and Japan share three make it clear, that this administration and very important values: our support for the the American people are absolutely commit- free market economic system, our love of ted to trade that is both free and fair. Pro- political democracy, and our mutual interest tectionism simply is not the answer. The in global peace and security. I am optimistic record is clear. Our efforts the past 3 years that our two nations can work closely to have substantially increased American ex- advance and protect these values in the Pa- ports to Japan. And I will work to support cific Rim and elsewhere across the globe. the efforts of America’s private sector to And when these values are threatened, it’s create an export vision to open foreign mar- critical that our two nations unite. Our unity kets that mean more American jobs. will be vital if these three key values are So we need to continue expanding, not to survive and prosper in the new world closing, our trade relations. And whether it’s that we see. protectionist measures in this country or in So let me say, Mr. Prime Minister, that Japan, the result is the same thing. Protec- I believe that this new period in world af- tionism punches a hole in a healthy econ- fairs holds great promise for the American- omy. Japanese relationship. And once again, it is So I’m confident that the Prime Minister an honor to host you here in Washington and I depart here today knowing that we to reaffirm our partnership, the respect and do not help our respective nations by hurt- trust between our people, and to welcome ing each other. He stood for that principle you as a friend. for a long, long time in various positions Thank you, sir. that he’s held in Japan. I hope that I stand for that principle. Note: The President spoke at 4:31 p.m. in As important as our economic interaction the Rose Garden at the White House.

Message on the Observance of Independence Day July 1, 1992

As we Americans celebrate this 216th an- On this occasion, however, we are also niversary of our Nation’s independence, we mindful that America’s freedom and secu- give thanks not only for our enduring herit- rity were not always readily taken for grant- age of liberty under law but also for the ed. When our Nation’s Founders sought continuing expansion of democratic ideals ‘‘separate and equal station’’ for this country around the globe. Blessed with an unbroken and proclaimed the American colonies free legacy of freedom and with unparalleled and independent States, they did so without peace and prosperity, the United States the assurance of success. Ahead of them lay stands today as a testament to the wisdom an uncertain future, and each understood of its Founders—and as a model to all those the great risk that he and his compatriots peoples who aspire to systems of represent- were taking by signing the Declaration of ative democracy and free enterprise. More Independence. Today, we can imagine the than 200 years after our Declaration of sense of trepidation that passed in the Sign- Independence was signed, we know that no ers’ hearts as they pledged in support of political creed his proved more just or pow- that document their lives, their fortunes, erful than the belief ‘‘that all men are cre- and their sacred honor. ated equal, that they are endowed by their Yet, with a hope that was stronger than Creator with certain unalienable Rights, that any fear and with a courage worthy of their among these are Life, Liberty, and the Pur- great convictions, our ancestors launched a suit of Happiness.’’ revolution of ideas that has continued to

1055 July 1 / Administration of George Bush, 1992 sweep the world. Independence Day is, and patriots who have gone before us. The therefore, a time of tremendous pride and continued preservation of our freedom will inspiration for all Americans. require no less industry and resolve on our This year, we have added cause for cele- part, and on this occasion, I offer a special bration as Independence Day coincides with salute to American service members every- the 500th anniversary of Christopher Co- where, who are helping to chart they way lumbus’s first journey to the Americas. The to a safer, more peaceful world. Columbus Quincentenary likewise recalls Barbara joins me in sending best wishes courage in the face of the unknown, and to our fellow Americans for a safe and en- as we look to the future of the United joyable Independence Day. States, we are heartened by the example and the achievements of the many pioneers GEORGE BUSH

Message to the Congress Transmitting the Report of the Federal Labor Relations Authority July 1, 1992

To the Congress of the United States: Relations Authority for Fiscal Year 1991. In accordance with section 701 of the Civil Service Reform Act of 1978 (Public GEORGE BUSH Law 95–454; 5 U.S.C. 7104(e)), I have the pleasure of transmitting to you the Thir- The White House, teenth Annual Report of the Federal Labor July 1, 1992.

Statement on Maryland Welfare Reform July 1, 1992

I am pleased that my administration has Maryland’s reforms also create incentives approved Maryland’s request for welfare for parents to make sure their children at- waivers. This will allow Maryland to put in tend school. Welfare parents who behave place a new system of incentives for welfare responsibly and fulfill these requirements recipients to make sure their children re- would receive higher payments than those ceive necessary health care and attend who fail to see to the health care and edu- school. cation of their children. Pregnant women receiving welfare would While some are talking about welfare re- be required to obtain regular prenatal care form, we are helping to make it happen. or not receive a special additional allowance. Reform is taking place from the bottom up, Families with young children receiving wel- with the States constructively serving as lab- fare would be required to obtain preventive oratories of democracy. My administration health care for their children. This prenatal will continue to work with Maryland and and preventive health care is available with- other States in reforming our welfare out cost to these families through the Med- system. icaid program.

1056 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / July 2

Statement by Press Secretary Fitzwater on Congressional Findings on the President’s Involvement in the Alleged Paris Meetings July 1, 1992

We are glad that Congress, in a bipartisan Note: The statement referred to the interim report, concluded today what we knew all report, approved June 30, of the House along: that President Bush had no involve- Committee on Foreign Affairs Task Force ment with any alleged meetings in Paris in To Investigate Certain Allegations Concern- October 1980, and in fact, he never left the ing the Holding of American Hostages by country at that time. Iran in 1980.

Nomination of Robert E. Martinez To Be Associate Deputy Secretary of Transportation July 1, 1992

The President today announced his inten- New York City, 1984–90; and as an associate tion to nominate Robert E. Martinez, of consultant with Multinational Strategies, New Jersey, to be Associate Deputy Sec- Inc., in New York City, 1983–84. retary of Transportation. He would succeed Dr. Martinez graduated from Columbia Robert L. Pettit. University (B.A., 1977) and Yale University Since 1990, Dr. Martinez has served as (M.A., 1979; Ph.D., 1984). He was born Deputy Administrator for the Maritime Ad- May 22, 1955, in Havana, Cuba. Dr. Mar- ministration at the Department of Transpor- tinez is married, has one child, and resides tation. He has also served as assistant execu- in Arlington, VA. tive director of the Business Roundtable in

Appointment of Carroll E. Multz as Commissioner on the Upper Colorado River Commission July 1, 1992

The President today announced his inten- P.C., 1981–85. He has also served as Dis- tion to appoint Carroll E. Multz, of Colo- trict Attorney for the Fourteenth Judicial rado, to be U.S. Commissioner on the District, CO, 1974–81, and a partner with Upper Colorado River Commission. He the law firm of Multz, Riggs and Sandler, would succeed J.F. Ross. 1972–74. Since 1985, Mr. Multz has served as a Mr. Multz graduated from the University shareholder and member of the board of of Montana (B.S., 1958; J.D., 1961). He was directors of the law firm of Carroll E. born August 16, 1936, in Helena, MT. Mr. Multz, P.C., in Grand Junction, CO, and Multz is married, has two children, and re- a partner with the law firm of McMichael, sides in Grand Junction, CO. Benedict and Multz, 1987 to the present and served as a shareholder and member of the board of directors with the law firm of LaCroix, Achziger, Multz and Croker,

1057 July 2 / Administration of George Bush, 1992

Remarks at a Meeting With the House Republican Conference on Health Care and an Exchange With Reporters July 2, 1992

The President. Today I am sending to American medicine is known for, this high- Congress the fourth piece of our com- quality health care that every American de- prehensive health care reform package, serves and that really attracts people from medical malpractice reform. Senate Repub- overseas. Our Republicans are ready to licans led by Bob Dole and John Chafee move, and I urge the House to act swiftly. introduced a bill last November that in- Now I want to turn this over to our task cludes many key elements similar to those force leader, Republican leader Bob Michel. in my plan. Here in the House, Republican Representative Michel. Thank you, Mr. Members led by Bob Michel and Newt President. I certainly don’t want to add or Gingrich have recently finished months of subtract to anything the President has said work on a package that is very close to my here other than, earlier in the year, when own proposals, and we’ve been working in- we recognized, obviously, that this would tensively with the House Republican task force to hammer out differences. be one of the key issues in the country and We discussed the issue just now in our we recruited members from significant meeting, touched on it in our meeting with committees that would be involved in health all House Republicans. And we now have care on our side of the aisle, some of the legislation we can support and that rep- best knowledgeable and informed people on resents a broad basis for agreement with our side worked the task force all year long. all Republicans in the House and Senate. Mr. President, we’re most appreciative A Republican health care package is ready that you have seen fit to embrace the prod- to be passed now. It should be passed now. uct of what our Members collectively have And it will make a difference in the quality done in concert with the administration. and in the availability of health care and Lou Sullivan is here and Gail Wilensky. And in the growth of our economy. Our pro- it’s been a good team effort that we’ve put posal: It helps small businesses pool to- together. gether to offer their employees affordable I have something rather important, how- health insurance. It lets the self-employed ever, to give you. It’s kind of a prescription deduct 100 percent of their health insur- of sorts to cure the gridlock around the Na- ance premiums from their taxes. It makes tion’s health care system this year. The pre- it possible for workers to change jobs with- scription, of course, is H.R. 5325, an action- out the fear of losing their health insurance. now health care reform act. Congress And it curbs the runaway costs of medical should take this prescription as directed. malpractice litigation. Just as important, our proposal does not The President. Now, let’s get this thing— saddle our businesses and workers with this is a very important piece of paper here. costly new mandates or taxes or allow Fed- Let’s get it out here. eral bureaucracies to regulate prices and to All right, well, thank you all. Well done. ration services. All of us who have had any And thank all of you who had so much— experience with bureaucracies know that including the Ways and Means leader, Bill trying to let the Government operate our Archer, for what they had to do with this, health care system would be an absolute and Bill Gradison. Lou, thank you. Where’s nightmare, and we are not going to permit Gail? She needs a little—Gail Wilensky. that. Q. Mr. President? The proposals on which we’ve all come The President. Yes, this isn’t a press con- together today would correct the most im- ference, but maybe I’ve got time for one portant weaknesses in our system and con- or two. What have you got? trol costs without sacrificing this quality that

1058 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / July 2

The Economy Do you think what they’re doing is that Q. Mr. President, I’d like to know your scurrilous? reaction to the unemployment rate going up The President. Well, I’m not sure what to the highest level in 8 years. And sec- they’re doing. All I did was read one story ondarily, you’ve been saying that the econ- saying they’re investigating my family, and omy is improving but just that it seemed you know how I feel about that. But I al- like the American people psychologically most would say: So what’s new? I’ve been just weren’t accepting it. What do you have in public life a long time, and I think that to say to these people now who apparently kind of activity on their part has been going did believe you and went out and looked on for a long time. But that’s not—— for jobs, and they weren’t there? Q. But also on the Republicans’ part, isn’t The President. Well, I say that, one, it’s it? Mr. Bond has said that there is opposi- not good news. Two, unemployment has al- tion research. ways been a lagging indicator. Three, the The President. I thought you were asking economy grew in the first quarter, and about the story today. we’re confident that it will grow in the sec- Q. I am. But isn’t this something both ond quarter. But the main message that I parties historically do? get out of this is that the Congress ought The President. Opposition research? Ab- to pass the economic growth stimulant pack- solutely. I think everybody does opposition age that we have up here and that these research. I thought you were talking about people surrounding me have been trying to investigating a personal side of one’s family, get through. If you really want to help which, of course, we’re not doing. We’re America get back to work and make this not doing that. We’re not doing that. indicator be less of a lagger and more of Q. Are you opposed? You’re not upset a leader, pass the things to stimulate the with it? economy. That’s exactly what’s needed. The President. Well, I’m not happy about I would say it just shows that the recovery it, Helen [Helen Thomas, United Press which we’re in is not as robust as I’d like International]. But what can I do about to see it. I will say the good news is the what the Democratic National Committee Federal Reserve Board has dropped the does? rates by 50 basis points, and I’m told that Q. Well, do you do it? a couple of banks have already followed, The President. I mean, they are not ex- lowering the prime rate. And I think that actly the voice of the American people. Let is a good way to stimulate growth. I think them defend their own activities on that. that will be very well-received by the mar- Q. Does this mean you feel free to do kets and by the businesses, large and small, the same sort of research on the opposition? across the country. It’s something that I’d The President. No, no. I have made very indicated a few days ago I would like to clear that we want to stay out of the sleaze see happen, and I think it’s a very good business and stay on the issues. Now, we’re thing. And I think we’ve got to get this going to continue to research on issues; of money supply up, and this is a good step course we are. Maybe I misread the story, toward that end. but I thought it was talking about investigat- So I would offset the news that I don’t ing family and my sons and things of this like by saying I think this will be very, very nature which—— well-received, and it’s fundamentally impor- Q. They did mention personal finances tant to the economy. in the morning Post—— The President. Well, look, let me tell you Presidential Campaign something. The personal finances—I’ve Q. Mr. President, Marlin Fitzwater this been in public life half my adult life, private morning said that the opposition research, life the other half, and I really believe that which is how the Democrats are describing I have bent over backwards since the day it, was tantamount to a reliving of the I walked into that Chamber in terms of dis- plumbers’ unit in the Nixon White House. closure, trying to avoid conflict of inter-

1059 July 2 / Administration of George Bush, 1992 est. So I think they’re going to drill a dry ing it would be 25 basis points. I don’t hole on that one because I have really tried know. I mean, I am not an economist or my very, very best to keep the public trust. a money supply expert. But all I know is, I told these friends who are in the Con- I think most people feel, and I certainly gress, I think I view as part of my respon- agree with this, that this would be stimula- sibility keeping the public trust, the decency tive and would be very well-received not and honor of the Presidency. I’ve tried to just in the financial markets but by business, do that, and I’ve tried to conduct myself and particularly small business, that’ll have that way in the Congress. a better shot now at creating something. So, let them muck around in my garbage But it would be much better if we could can, but they aren’t going to find anything pass these incentives that we have: the in- in terms of this, if you’re asking now about vestment tax allowance, the first-time credit a business connection. I got to get out of here. I’ve been accused for homebuyers, $5000 we’ve proposed. I of having too many press conferences. I still feel that a capital gains reduction, a think it’s 295 since I’ve been President. broad one, would create new businesses, new small businesses. We had some sugges- Unemployment Benefits tions up here that Bill Archer and others Q. Let’s get back on the point. Let’s get have been very supportive of, and they have back on the point, sir. The House today some of their own, on IRA’s. So we need will be taking up a Democratic version of something that targets economic growth. the unemployment extension, benefits ex- My answer to the unemployment figures is: tension bill. Many of the men up here say Please, now, Congress, do what you should that there is a possibility of a veto. have done some time ago in terms of stimu- The President. Well, our position is, I lating the economy. It’s growing, but I want have supported unemployment extensions, to see the growth more robust. guarantee extensions in the past. Every once The unemployment, there are too many in a while we’ve got to beat down ones that people out of work. The way to get them go so far that they just exacerbate the deficit back to work is to stimulate so that you’ll that every American is concerned about. have creation of new jobs. The interest Let’s hope that we can get a bill down there rates, again, will help in this regard because fast that I can sign. I think it’ll encourage existing businesses to But I have a certain custodianship for trying to support reasonable expenditures. If more briskly go forward. But the reviews they send me something that we view and are mixed, the economy is still growing, and this leadership here views as too expensive, this figure, as I say, normally I think most we’ll have to send it back and urge them experts would say a lagging indicator. But to get one down there that we can support. I’ve always said unemployment for one per- But I hope that because people need son, that’s 100 percent, and that’s too much. help, we can get out and give it to them So we’ve got to keep moving until we get right quick. I do remember a time or two it back the way I’d like to see it in terms in the past where I had to veto legislation of economic growth. that just would have gone wild in terms of I really do; I’ve got to go to work. spending, and I’m prepared to do that again Q. This figure means the recovery is if we have to. I hope that’s not what they stalled. send to me. The President. You’ve already had a ques- Last one, right here. tion, madam. The Economy Q. Following on the economy for a sec- Q. Mr. President, has the Federal Re- ond. There are so many people, though, serve now cut interest rates enough? Is that who really question whether or not you get enough, the Federal Reserve cut today? it in terms of—— The President. I think it’s pretty good. I The President. I get it. think many of the market experts were say- Q. ——these numbers are optimistic, and

1060 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / July 2 yet, look at the numbers. George Bush at Camp David—I told him, The President. I get it. I said these num- I said, if I’m going to meet with you— bers are not good. But I’ve got an answer [laughter]—I told him it was for me all for it. The answer is that the Congress along. There he is. [Laughter] ought to pass these stimulants to the econ- Q. How do you stop blaming the media— omy. And it is unarguable. every time you say people don’t know that Representatives. Hear, hear! there is real recovery—I mean, they’ve seen The President. Everybody feels that it it today. would help and get the economic growth The President. ——2.7 percent growth. more robust. The economy grew at 2.7 per- Q. Yes, but now you see what the unem- cent first quarter, and it’s going to grow ployment is. this time. The President. Well, I never said unem- Q. So it’s the Congress’ fault? ployment was perfect. I’ve been saying too The President. I’m not trying to assign many people are out of work. Let’s get blame. You asked me what I’d do about them back to work by stimulating the econ- it, and I’m saying, stimulate the economy. omy. It’s the fault of the Democratic leadership Q. ——the deficit reduction bill that bi- that these economic growth provisions have partisan House leaders—— not been enacted, yes, on that one. But hell, The President. Deficit reduction? No, the I’ll take my share of the blame. Everybody first thing I’d like to see is have the Con- should. gress pass what I have just been proposing Q. Mr. President—— and have reproposed. The President. ——report the things that are just kind of negative out there. This Note: The President spoke at 10:23 a.m. in economy is growing. And yet, Mr. Lichter the House Chamber at the Capitol. The fol- says that 92 percent and says everything’s lowing persons were referred to: Gail R. bad. I mean, see, I’d like it a little more Wilensky, Deputy Assistant to the President balanced. I’d like to see this thing moving for Policy Development; Rich Bond, chair- on reality, not on misperception. man, Republican National Committee; and Q. Do you always bring your—with you? S. Robert Lichter, codirector, Center for [Laughter] Media and Public Affairs. Part of this ex- The President. I told them to keep this change could not be verified because the thing secret. Extraterrestrial who met with tape was incomplete.

Message to the Congress Transmitting Proposed Legislation on Health Care July 2, 1992

To the Congress of the United States: impact on the affordability and availability I am pleased to transmit today for your of quality medical care. The bill attacks immediate consideration and enactment the these very serious problems. ‘‘Health Care Liability Reform and Quality The bill would establish incentives for of Care Improvement Act of 1992.’’ Also States to adopt within 3 years quality assur- transmitted is a section-by-section analysis. ance measures and tort reforms. In addi- This legislative proposal would assist in tion, the health care reforms would apply to stemming the rising costs of health care medical care and treatment funded through caused by medical professional liability. specific Federal programs pertaining to During recent years, the costs of defensive health care and employee benefits and to medical practice and of litigation related to claims under the Federal Tort Claims Act. health care disputes have had a substantial The tort reforms include: (1) a reasonable

1061 July 2 / Administration of George Bush, 1992 cap on noneconomic damages; (2) the elimi- gardless of State action. Claims arising from nation of joint and several liability for those such health care would first be considered damages; (3) prohibiting double recoveries through a fair system of nonbinding arbitra- by plaintiffs; and (4) permitting health care tion, in an effort to resolve the claims with- providers to pay damages for future costs out litigation. periodically rather than in a lump sum. I urge the prompt and favorable consider- Last year I recommended enactment of ation of this proposal, which would com- the ‘‘Health Care Liability Reform and plement the other initiatives the Administra- Quality of Care Improvement Act of 1991.’’ tion is undertaking regarding malpractice The enclosed bill includes the core provi- and quality of care. sions of that bill and expands its scope to GEORGE BUSH ensure that treatment under federally funded health care and Federal employee bene- The White House, fit programs is subject to key reforms re- July 2, 1992.

Statement on the United States Nuclear Weapons Initiative July 2, 1992

In the wake of the momentous changes Those weapons designated to be destroyed in what was then the Soviet Union, last Sep- are being retired and scheduled for destruc- tember 27 in an address to the Nation from tion. the Oval Office I directed that the United These historic measures would not have States undertake dramatic changes and re- been possible without the full support of ductions in our nuclear arsenal and chal- our allies around the world and without the lenged the Soviet leadership to go down the farsighted and courageous leadership of same road with us. In that speech, I di- Russian President Boris Yeltsin, Ukrainian rected that the United States bring home President Leonid Kravchuk, Republic of from overseas and destroy our entire world- Kazakhstan President Nursultan wide inventory of ground-launched theater Nazarbayev, and Chairman of the Supreme nuclear weapons. At the same time, I an- Soviet of the Republic of Byelarus Stanislav nounced that the United States would with- Shushkevich. They pledged to honor Soviet draw all tactical nuclear weapons from its commitments to take comparable steps resurface ships, attack submarines, and those ducing tactical nuclear weapons. It is impor- nuclear weapons associated with our land- tant that the implementation of these com- based naval aircraft. Many of these are to mitments be successfully concluded. be dismantled and destroyed. Now I look forward to the prompt ratifi- Today I can tell you that all of the cation of START and to concluding a treaty planned withdrawals are complete. All on the even more far-reaching reductions ground-launched tactical nuclear weapons President Yeltsin and I announced at the have been returned to U.S. territory, as have all naval tactical nuclear weapons. recent summit in Washington.

1062 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / July 2

The President’s News Conference With Foreign Journalists July 2, 1992

The President. Thank you very much. And East from West but united in a democratic let me read a brief statement before re- community of more than 50 nations. sponding to your questions. So let me just add one point here on Before I leave for Europe, I want to say the eve of the Fourth of July: We must just a few words about why I believe it is not forget, must never forget, that in Eu- so important to the American people that rope today rests 20 million American bod- I make this trip. Thanks to the courage and ies—excuse me—20 American military the sacrifice of millions of Americans, we’ve cemeteries. I’ve been to a couple of them. won the cold war, we and our allies standing And we must ensure that there will never shoulder-to-shoulder. Our task now is to se- be a 21st. cure the peace, to build an expanding world Look at how far we’ve already come. economy, one that opens new markets When I took office 3 years ago, adversaries abroad and creates new jobs here at home. faced us across a divided Europe. Today, Our task will not be completed on one 5- the new democracies of Central and East- day trip. But we can, at these meetings, ern Europe are our partners. And the threat advance the well-being of all of our country- of nuclear war is more distant now than men, my countrymen. at any time since the advent of the nuclear In the new global economy now emerg- age. And think of what that means, not for ing, America’s economic interests don’t stop presidents or prime ministers, not for histo- at the water’s edge. And we will not prosper rians or heads of state but for parents and in a world stifled by trading blocs and tariff their children. It means a future free from fear. barriers. Seventy percent of our economic For much of this century, it’s been Ameri- growth in the last 5 years has come from ca’s destiny to stand for liberty and against exports. And I will continue to fight for intolerance and to fight for freedom against more economic growth, and that means free oppression. And now at long last the mo- trade. Our progress so far has been substan- ment has come for the lovers of freedom tial. Already the new democracies of the around the world to reap the rewards of East are becoming attractive sites for U.S. our vigilance. The opportunity we face is investment, and nearly $2 billion committed historic, the first chance in more than a half this year alone. Those investments will help century to build democratic peace and pros- our allies secure democracy’s great gains perity for America and for the world. This and create jobs for American workers. And trip will, in my view, bring us just one step, that’s my mission, to secure these benefits but another step, closer to our goal. for America and the world. Now I’d be glad to take some questions. In Warsaw, birthplace of the Revolution of ’89, I will stand with the Polish people, Polish Reforms show our support for their efforts to consoli- Q. Mr. President, Secretary Baker the date their hard-won freedom. In Munich, other day said that you would be discussing I will work with leaders of the world’s great with President Walesa some new ideas on industrialized democracies to build a new advancement of Polish reforms. What will world economy. I’ll also meet with Presi- they be? dent Yeltsin to build on the historic steps The President. I can’t give you the exact that we took right here at the White House detail. I think it would be inappropriate be- and to underscore our strong support for fore meeting with the President. We have Russia’s reforms. On this one there can be some ideas that would help stimulate invest- no doubt: An investment in Russian democ- ment. We salute President Walesa for what racy is an investment in world peace. And he’s been able to do in reform already. It finally, in Helsinki, I will meet for the first has not been easy. And there are serious time with members of a CSCE not divided questions that remain. But I’d prefer

1063 July 2 / Administration of George Bush, 1992 not to go into the details of what we might And on the G–7, I will be prepared to be discussing with him. As you know, the discuss this, making it the G–8, if you will. government’s in transition, and I think it These are, as we all know, meetings of the would be most appropriate to talk the spe- major economic powers. And certainly with cifics with him. Japan there and with the current members But let me just reaffirm the interest in of the G–7, European members and Canada the United States not only in reforms but as well, that’s what it’s been up to date. the reforms that lead to further American Well, Russian economy is enormous. And investment. So it will be along the lines of they have big problems. But their size gives what we can do to further stimulate trade them a unique standing. So we’ll have to but also U.S. investment in Poland. I think see. I know other countries want to be in we’ve had a good start, but we need to go there. But Russia, because of its size and further. Stabilization is the subject that we’ll because of Yeltsin’s coming at the invitation be talking about, too. of Helmut Kohl, certainly we’ll have that subject on the agenda. I can’t say how I Aid to Russia and G–7 Membership think it’s going to work out because I just Q. Mr. President, could you tell us, don’t know. please, what will be your agenda for meet- Q. Do you support it? ing with President Yeltsin? Will it be just The President. That’s right. an update of what you discussed here in Washington, sir, a month ago, or there will Multilateral Trade Negotiations be new proposals, new initiatives? And sec- Q. Mr. President, in the last summits in ondly, this is the second time a Russian Houston and London, there were nice leader has been invited to a G–7 summit. words and beautiful commitments on the The last time, it was back, of course, last GATT negotiations, but no results. Do you year when Gorbachev was still the President expect the same in Munich? of the Soviet Union. Do you think that Rus- The President. Well, I don’t think the Mu- sia will be a permanent member of the G– nich summit will be dominated by the 7 sometime soon? GATT talks. In fact, I talked to Chancellor The President. On your first question, yes, Kohl in the last couple of days, and it is there will be an update, because we’ve real- neither his desires nor mine, nor the desire ly spent a lot of time. The time we spent of any of the European leaders or indeed floating around on that boat on the Severn Brian Mulroney or indeed Prime Minister near Annapolis was total work time. In Miyazawa, to have that happen. I think it other words, we reviewed not just the things will be talked about, but it isn’t going to we talked about in our formal meetings, but be the major area of discussion. I am still we reviewed a wide array of other subjects. not giving up on trying to get something So there’s some updating that needs to be done before then. But there’s very little done. One of the things I want to update time left. And we are still in constant dis- him on is where we stand on what we call cussion with various European leaders about the ‘‘FREEDOM Support Act.’’ And I hope this. there will be action on that before I leave, I’d like to have seen it worked out before in the Senate. He is not expecting that the then. But definitely progress has been made full Congress act on that before we meet in closing the gap since the last—I believe in Munich. you put it in the timeframe of the last G– So we’ll talk about the ‘‘FREEDOM Sup- 7 meeting. And a lot of the differences have port Act.’’ And it’ll really, I would say, be been narrowed. But we still have some big a followup on the discussions we had. He ones, differences, and agriculture as you gave me a review of all the problems and know remains the major stumbling block. the gains and the different crosscurrents in But we’re not going to give up on it. If the former countries of the C.I.S., of the we don’t get something, some major break- Soviet empire. We discussed a lot of these through today or tomorrow, we’re just going things. So I’m anxious to get updated from to keep on going because it is in the interest him on all of that. of the whole world. And I’ll tell you

1064 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / July 2 the major beneficiaries of this would be the good faith. I am convinced that the move Third World. Trade for them offers them should be up to North Korea to meet the far better opportunities than just aid. So, international standards, to comply with we’ll keep pushing on it. IAEA and other rules. But the main thing is they’ve got to dispel the mistrust that ex- U.S. Nuclear Weapons ists regarding North Korea, and the way to Q. Mr. President, with regard to your an- do that is to be open, openness in terms nouncement this morning about the com- of inspections. pletion of the withdrawal of land and sea- This is an international press conference, based tactical nuclear weapons, what is its and I’m trying to favor those who come policy implication for the Asia and Pacific from other countries or are accredited here region, particularly in regard with your ‘‘nei- from foreign journals of one kind or an- ther confirm nor deny’’ nuclear weapons other. And I would only ask understanding transfer principle? and forbearance from the American White The President. What announcement are House press corps, championed by the front you referring to, sir? row here. They are very understanding as Q. It’s a statement. a rule, and in this time I would appeal to Q. Tactical weapons. them to understand when I drift off and The President. What? recognize others than the illustrious dean Q. It was out of NATO. sitting in the front row. Mr. Fitzwater. That they completed the pull-out of the tactical nuclear weapons. North American Free Trade Agreement Q. It’s a worldwide withdrawal. The President. Oh. Well, I mean, that’s Q. Mr. President, will you be signing a just a progress report, and I don’t think it North American free trade deal in San has anything beyond what’s on the face of Diego in a couple of weeks, as reported it. We’ve said what we were going to do, today by the Journal of Commerce, with and we’ve done it. And that’s a good thing. Prime Minister Mulroney and President Sa- But I don’t think it has any implications linas? And can you comment on the nego- for the old nuclear presence argument that tiations? affected many of our friends around the The President. One, I don’t know about world. I mean, that’s up for them to decide. what we’ll be signing. That is not a sched- I mean, we’ve made this statement; it seems uled event at this time. I’d love to think to me that it might clear the way for resolu- we can get the differences ironed out by tion of differences we’ve had with some then, but I don’t want to set artificial time- countries, but that’s up for them to decide. tables. We’ve had some differences with Our statement is still ‘‘neither confirm nor Mexico, but I’ll tell you one thing: The ne- deny,’’ but where we’ve said we don’t have gotiations have been serious. Again, I’ll give these weapons on board, we mean it. And the same answer I gave on the Uruguay they’re not there. So, if that opens the doors round, the differences have been narrowed for others, so much the better. I’m thinking considerably. They know the areas that of New Zealand and other countries where we’re having difficulties with, and we know we’ve had, everyone knows, great dif- theirs, but I just don’t know about any time- ferences on this. table of that nature. It has not come to me that we are going to be ready. What Korean Peninsula has come from me to our negotiators is to Q. Do you think it will have a positive get politics out of the way, if any is in there, impact on the Korean Peninsula? and sign a good agreement so I can sign The President. Oh. Yes, I would hope it or initial a good agreement as soon as pos- would. Excuse me, that’s a very important sible. point, and yes, I think it would. I think it So I want to take this opportunity to say should. I don’t think there’s anything new there isn’t any politics involved in this. I keep on them. In other words, I think that’s been reading, ‘‘Well, the President may not want discounted. But I think it’s evidence of our to take a deal up to the Hill or have it

1065 July 2 / Administration of George Bush, 1992 on the Hill,’’ and that is not true. It is in see any diminution of NATO’s overall stand- the interest of the United States of America ing—if that was your question; I may have to get a good free trade agreement with misunderstood it—at all. I salute the French North America, with Canada and Mexico. President for what he did. That was not So that’s all. So we have no timetable set, a multilateral approach; that was something but again it’s like GATT. I’d like to just that he tried to do on his own. keep pushing and get it done as soon as pos- Some supplies are going in there now. sible. I talked to President Salinas about 10 I was very pleased to note, of all things, days ago and then subsequently talked to a private American venture went in there. our negotiators. He’s done the same thing. The Americares, which is a wonderfully hu- Jaime Serra, I believe, has been here. I mane organization, had a plane land there know others have. And we’re just going to at 9:05 this morning, or maybe it was 9:05 keep on working on it. their time. But nevertheless, some supplies are getting in there. Yugoslavia The U.S. role has been to say, look, we Q. Mr. President, after some months of want to help with the assistance, on a hu- effort by various European institutions in- manitarian basis. And that’s the role we’re cluding the European Community, the in. We are not in a forward-leaning role CSCE, there is still fighting and bloodshed as terms of saying our objectives is to bring in Yugoslavia and particularly in Bosnia. Are lasting peace to this troubled land. That’s you disappointed with the performance of what I’d like to see happen. But I think these European institutions so far, and how the immediate goal should be relief effort do you think this speaks of those who say to the people that are suffering. And the it’s time for a European security pillar to environment one time looks benign, and replace NATO? then it looks a little more hazardous. So The President. Well, I don’t think it has we’ve got to thread through it, and we’ll anything to do with the replacement of do our part. NATO. I don’t believe that. I believe that Q. To follow up, sir. You said that in the the United Nations and individual Euro- past we’ve supported and not tried taking pean countries have made strong efforts to the lead. Should we interpret Mr. Cheney’s bring about peace. We started by backing statement this week as the Americans are Cyrus Vance as the negotiator for the now prepared to start taking the lead? United Nations. Lord Carrington, in my The President. Well, no. I don’t think it view, has tried very, very hard. He started was so much as taking the lead but doing off against enormous odds. He’s still en- our part. As you know, we have a substantial gaged. And so I can’t fault anybody for the military presence in the area. And my posi- fact that we do not have peace there. We tion, and I know it’s Cheney’s, is we’re not have been, as you know, supportive of the ruling anything—or out. When I was talking peace efforts but not trying to have taken about substantial presence, I’m talking pri- the lead in the peace process. But I would marily about the presence of our fleet there. resist saying I think this shows a failure to I believe there’s two carrier battle groups utilize NATO earlier on or anything of that in the Med, one of them now up in the nature. Adriatic. But nobody should interpret that We remain committed to NATO. I think as other than the fact that we’re there. And it is absolutely in the interest of the United beyond that, I can’t say what we will or States that a strong American presence be won’t do. I don’t think Cheney was signaling in NATO. As these different organizations an increased, aggressive military presence are considered, I keep talking to our friends there. And I think he’d answer the question in Europe that NATO should be the prime the same way I do: that we’re not going organization there. And I think most of to rule anything in; we’re not going to rule them, if not all, agree with that. So in this it out. failure to bring tranquility to a troubled land But I would say, we don’t want to appear or certainly failure to get in the humani- to be kind of, quote, taking the lead, un- tarian supplies that are necessary, I don’t quote, when all this activity is going on.

1066 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / July 2

The French have been active, the Italians taken this step in the Diet. And we support at the EC were very forward leaning and that, salute that. And I would leave the pace active, and that’s good. As far as we’re con- of change strictly up to the Japanese them- cerned, that’s fine. selves. They have constitutional problems. They’ve got a keen sense of history. And Japanese Constitution they’ll figure it out. And I’ll stand at their Q. On the occasion of the Japanese Prime side and be supportive. Minister’s visit here, the Heritage Founda- tion issued a report recommending that to Canada-U.S. Trade include Japan as a full and responsible, re- Q. Mr. President, did you give the steel spected member of the international com- case that was recently filed by the industry munity, the Bush administration should privately urge Japan to start writing its own the top-level attention you promised Prime constitution. The report argues that the Minister Mulroney when it came to Canada present Japanese Constitution, American- before the case was filed? And as a follow- drafted one, particularly its renouncement up, did you agree with the industry filing of the use of force for even just and inter- and including Canada? national and collective cause, makes Japan The President. We give all these cases an exception to every other nation and top-level consideration. We have laws in this somehow discourages responsible debate by country where people are allowed to bring the Japanese on international security their case to the various agencies. But, yes, issues. Some Japanese political leaders al- I think that Prime Minister Mulroney had ready advocate the constitutional revision the distinct feeling that American politics for a similar reason. And I know this is a were causing us to pull back into some kind matter that only the Japanese can decide; of a protectionist mood vis-a-vis Canada. but from the standpoint of Japan’s ally and And I see enough of these cases to be able global partner, would you be inclined to dis- to say to myself that this is not the case. courage or encourage a movement towards And when there’s unfairness, the proper such constitutional revision? procedures will be followed. But I won’t The President. I would be inclined to let go into any specific case, but I owe him Japan decide that by Japan’s self, if you will. that kind of reassurance. I wouldn’t particularly like it if the Japanese Prime Minister told me what revisions we Yugoslavia ought to have to the American Constitution. Q. Mr. President, you said that you’re not We’re fighting that out all the time on the ruling anything in or out with regard to domestic scene. And I wouldn’t like it. So Yugoslavia. However, very senior people in I would butt out of that. your administration have made it clear that I will say we salute Japan for what they you do not intend to commit ground forces. did in the Diet the other day, which moved You have many tens of thousands of troops a little more forward towards, I guess, the in Europe. That is a very major crisis taking position that this foundation has advocated. place in a new Europe. If the United States But I’d leave it there. I’ve always been a is not prepared to commit ground forces little bit constrained when it comes to inter- in such a context, would it not be reason- vening in the internal matters of another able for Europeans to say, why are the country. Americans here, and for American taxpayers I can see why the question is addressed. to be saying, what are we doing there? Some have criticized Japan for not doing The President. I don’t know what spokes- more, but they’re coming along. They’re man you’re talking about, but I’ve said noth- feeling their way along, and, in my view, ing here about what I will or won’t do. And they were very supportive in terms of under our system, the President of the Desert Storm, not with troops but of fulfill- United States makes those decisions on the ing their obligations. They’ve been very sup- commitment of forces or not to commit portive of host country matters when we forces. That’s one of the decisions that rests have military presence over there. They’ve with me, not with anybody else, not the

1067 July 2 / Administration of George Bush, 1992

Congress, not anybody else. standing or certainly as diminishing NATO’s So no decision has been taken on that. commitment, the American people’s want- And I have had no pressure, to try to re- ing NATO to still have a strong U.S. pres- spond fully, from the United States Con- ence. Because the fact that they’re not in gress or any citizens here, to say why aren’t this crisis, you might turn to me after I we putting more troops into Sarajevo right finish answering that one and say, what now, for example. I haven’t had any feeling about some of the other areas where there that there’s a great demand for that. What are trouble spots going on right now in what we want to do is play our part in the fulfill- used to be the Soviet Union? There’s a lot ment of the mission to bring humanitarian of trouble spots. And my answer would be relief in there. But I don’t think there’s a to that question, that because NATO is great eagerness to put American troops there and it is the most efficient peacekeep- there on the ground or to send NATO in ing organization that exists, that doesn’t there. The United Nations has a role; mean that it’s going to be injected into they’re fulfilling the role. every single crisis area. So there’s other So I think you raise a good point. But mechanisms set up for this one, and it’s a I don’t think it will diminish support for very complicated problem when I look at NATO on the part of the American people. it. Or even from the Europeans, I don’t think Somebody asked me, how is it different it’ll diminish support. from, say, Desert Storm or from the invasion of one country from another? And as NATO these countries sort out these enormously Q. The question is, sir, if you’re not going complicated problems, I make the point to intervene or not prepared or not very that that is different. They’re internal to a much inclined to intervene in a conflict of degree, and yet they’re new countries. But that nature even in theory, then what are I make a point that it is quite different than you doing in Europe? the overt invasion of one country by an- The President. We’re there to guarantee other. I’m sure some in Sarajevo might not the peace. And we’re there to say, we know agree with that, but I think the mission for history. And if we’d have stayed there in NATO has to be looked at in terms of each the past with some presence, maybe we crisis or each outbreak of hostilities. And could have averted some of the disaster that in this one, we’ve had other organizations befell Europe. We’re there because Europe that are trying to solve the problem. And wants us there, too. Not only do we want you’ve had other countries that have been, to be there in a presence in the most effi- on their own, trying to solve the problem. cient organization of its kind, NATO, but But I will do my level-best to see that I think the Europeans all want us there. this does not diminish NATO. I am abso- In fact, I keep asking to be darned sure lutely convinced not only do we have a role I’m right on that question. And they do. there, but it’s an insurance policy, if you And so NATO is there. But that doesn’t will, against the kinds of conflagrations that mean when you have a humanitarian prob- we’ve seen in the past. And so it will stay lem here or you have internal divisions in strong. And there will be some bumps in any countries, and there are many turmoils the road, but NATO is going to be the based on ancient ethnic rivalries and hatreds major organization of its kind anywhere in that are cropping up, that automatically the world, I think. NATO goes to general quarters. That’s not This is the last one, and then I really, NATO’s mission. There’s ways to decide according to Marlin, must be off. Twenty- whether NATO should be involved or not. three minutes, .47 seconds. And I tried to recite the history here of the United Nations role. And in this in- Yugoslavia stance the United Nations has taken the Q. Mr. President, but the impression is lead. Some individual European leaders that United States are maybe too cautious, have taken the lead. too uncertain on the Yugoslavia crisis; they But I don’t see it as diminishing NATO’s don’t exactly know what to do. Can you tell

1068 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / July 2 me if it’s correct or wrong? Canadian troops went to—— The President. Well, I don’t think that it’s The President. I gave him an ’atta boy. that we don’t know what to do. I can under- I saluted him for doing what they’re doing stand somebody saying, well, why doesn’t with the United Nations. the United States use its magnificent mili- Q. Have you offered U.N. air cover for tary power one way or another to end all the convoy or any further convoys? this suffering? But it’s not that we don’t The President. Well, we have not been know what to do; it is that we were trying asked to do that. But they’re doing a won- to work with others in the ways I’ve out- derful job over there. And I think the Cana- lined here to try to bring about an environ- dians who have stepped forward deserve a ment in which we can bring relief to the great vote of thanks from the entire world area. So, that’s the way I would answer the for what they’re doing. And when you see question. Did I get it? those pictures on the television and you see Q. Yes. those courageous people there, why, we sa- The President. Yes, that’s about it. I mean, lute them. But he has not asked for that. the United States is not going to inject itself Let me put it this way: Canadian forces into every single crisis, no matter how heart- get in trouble, they’ve got some friends rending, around the world. And where we right here, right here, strong friends that try to work with the United Nations, for are grateful to them and who respect them example, we have no apologies for that. and have stood at their side before, and There will be times when we have to take we’re not going to let a lot of Canadians the lead, when we have to move forcefully, get put into harm’s way without support. when we have a clear mission. I am not Put it that way. interested in seeing one single United States soldier pinned down in some kind of a guer- rilla environment. We go in there, we’re Note: The President’s 133d news conference going to go in there and do what we said began at 2:21 p.m. in Room 450 of the Old we’re going to do and get out. And this Executive Office Building. In his remarks, environment is a little complicated so that he referred to Jaime Serra, Secretary of I could certify to the American people that’s Commerce and Industrial Development of what would happen. Mexico; Cyrus Vance, Special Negotiator for Q. Sir, what have you told Prime Minister the United Nations on Yugoslavia; and Lord Mulroney about the Canadian troops? Have Peter Carrington, Special European Com- you sent any special message to him as the munity Negotiator on Yugoslavia.

Letter to Congressional Leaders on Trade With Colombia July 2, 1992

Dear Mr. Speaker: (Dear Mr. President:) production and trafficking. The enhanced Pursuant to section 203 of the Andean access to the U.S. market provided by the Trade Preference Act (ATPA) (19 U.S.C. ATPA will encourage the production of and 3202), I wish to inform you of my intent trade in legitimate products. to designate Colombia as a beneficiary of My decision to designate Colombia results the trade-liberalizing measures provided for from consultations concluded in April 1992 in this Act. Designation will entitle the between this Administration and the Gov- products of Colombia, except for products ernment of Colombia regarding the designa- excluded statutorily, to duty-free treatment tion criteria set forth in section 203 of the for a period ending on December 4, 2002. ATPA. Colombia has demonstrated to my Designation is an important step for Co- satisfaction that its laws, practices, and poli- lombia in its effort to fight against narcotics cies are in conformity with the designa-

1069 July 2 / Administration of George Bush, 1992 tion criteria of the ATPA. The Government ignation criteria. The United States will of Colombia has communicated on these keep abreast of developments in Colombia matters by a letter to Ambassador Hills and that are pertinent to the designation criteria. in so doing has indicated its desire to be This Administration looks forward to designated as a beneficiary. working closely with the Government of Co- On the basis of the statements and assur- lombia and with the private sectors of the ances in Colombia’s letter, and taking into United States and Colombia to ensure that account information developed by the the wide-ranging opportunities opened by United States Embassy and through other the ATPA are fully utilized. sources, I have concluded that designation Sincerely, is appropriate at this time. GEORGE BUSH I am mindful that under section 203(e) of the ATPA, I retain the authority to sus- Note: Identical letters were sent to Thomas pend, withdraw, or limit the application of S. Foley, Speaker of the House of Represent- ATPA benefits from any designated country atives, and Dan Quayle, President of the if a beneficiary’s laws, policies, or practices Senate. The related proclamation is listed are no longer in conformity with the des- in Appendix E at the end of this volume.

Letter to Congressional Leaders on Trade With Bolivia July 2, 1992

Dear Mr. Speaker: (Dear Mr. President:) On the basis of the statements and assur- Pursuant to section 203 of the Andean ances in Bolivia’s letter, and taking into ac- Trade Preference Act (ATPA) (19 U.S.C. count information developed by the United 3202), I wish to inform you of my intent States Embassy and through other sources, to designate Bolivia as a beneficiary of the I have concluded that designation is appro- trade-liberalizing measures provided for in priate at this time. this Act. Designation will entitle the prod- I am mindful that under section 203(e) ucts of Bolivia, except for products excluded of the ATPA, I retain the authority to sus- statutorily, to duty-free treatment for a pe- pend, withdraw, or limit the application of riod ending on December 4, 2002. ATPA benefits from any designated country Designation is an important step for Bo- if a beneficiary’s laws, policies, or practices livia in its effort to fight against narcotics are no longer in conformity with the des- production and trafficking. The enhanced ignation criteria. The United States will access to the U.S. market provided by the keep abreast of developments in Bolivia that ATPA will encourage the production of and are pertinent to the designation criteria. trade in legitimate products. This Administration looks forward to My decision to designate Bolivia results working closely with the Government of Bo- from consultations concluded in April 1992 livia and with the private sectors of the between this Administration and the Gov- United States and Bolivia to ensure that the ernment of Bolivia regarding the designa- wide-ranging opportunities opened by the tion criteria set forth in section 203 of the ATPA are fully utilized. ATPA. Bolivia has demonstrated to my satis- Sincerely, faction that its laws, practices, and policies are in conformity with the designation criteria of the ATPA. The Government of Bo- GEORGE BUSH livia has communicated on these matters by a letter to Ambassador Hills and in so doing has indicated its desire to be designated as Note: Identical letters were sent to Thomas a beneficiary. S. Foley, Speaker of the House of Represent-

1070 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / July 2 atives, and Dan Quayle, President of the Senate. The related proclamation is listed in Appendix E at the end of this volume.

Letter to Congressional Leaders Transmitting a Report on Adherence to Arms Control Treaty Obligations July 2, 1992

Dear Mr. Speaker: (Dear Mr. Chairman:) from its arms control treaty partners and I am pleased to transmit a report on the that full compliance is essential to a mean- adherence of the United States to arms con- ingful arms controls process. For its part, trol treaty obligations and on problems re- the United States will continue to take seri- lated to compliance by other nations with ously its commitments to arms control the provisions of arms control agreements agreements, to set rigid standards and de- to which the United States is a party. I am tailed procedures for assuring that it meets transmitting the classified and unclassified these obligations, and to correct any errors versions of the report. in U.S. implementation that arise. This report was prepared by the United Sincerely, States Arms Control and Disarmament Agency in coordination with the Depart- GEORGE BUSH ments of State, Defense, and Energy, as well as the Joint Staff and the Intelligence Note: Identical letters were sent to Thomas Community. S. Foley, Speaker of the House of Represent- The United States will continue to make atives, and Claiborne Pell, Chairman of the clear that it expects scrupulous compliance Senate Foreign Relations Committee.

Message to the Congress Transmitting a Report on Nuclear Nonproliferation July 2, 1992

To the Congress of the United States: and elsewhere underline the importance of I have reviewed the activities of the these efforts to preserving our national se- United States Government departments and curity, by reducing the risk of war and in- agencies during calendar year 1991 related creasing international stability. I am deter- to preventing nuclear proliferation, and I mined to build on the achievements dis- am pleased to submit my annual report pur- cussed in this report and to work with the suant to section 601(a) of the Nuclear Non- Congress toward our common goal: a safer Proliferation Act of 1978 (Public Law 95– and more secure future for all human kind. 242, 22 U.S.C. 3281(a)). As the report demonstrates, the United GEORGE BUSH States continued its efforts during 1991 to prevent the spread of nuclear explosives to The White House, additional countries, one of my highest pri- July 2, 1992. orities. The events of the past year in Iraq

1071 July 2 / Administration of George Bush, 1992

Message to the Senate Returning Without Approval the National Voter Registration Act of 1992 July 2, 1992

To the Senate of the United States: It is critical that the States retain the au- I am returning herewith without my ap- thority to tailor voter registration proce- proval S. 250, the ‘‘National Voter Registra- dures to unique local circumstances. S. 250 tion Act of 1992.’’ would prevent the States from doing this This Administration strongly supports the by forcing them to implement federally goal of increasing participation in the elec- mandated and nationally standardized voter toral process. We have worked with leaders registration procedures. It would also re- of both parties in an attempt to produce strict severely their ability to remove from legislation that would accomplish that pur- the voter rolls the names of persons who pose. S. 250, however, would impose unnec- have not voted in several years and who essary, burdensome, expensive, and con- thus can be presumed fairly to have died stitutionally questionable Federal regulation or moved out of the jurisdiction. Enactment on the States in an area of traditional State of S. 250 would deny the States their his- authority. It would also expose the election toric freedom to govern their own electoral process to an unacceptable risk of fraud and processes and would contravene the impor- corruption without any reason to believe tant principles of federalism on which our that it would increase electoral participation country was founded. to any significant degree. S. 250 is constitutionally suspect. Al- No justification has been demonstrated though the Supreme Court has recognized for the extensive procedural requirements— that the Congress has general power to reg- and significant related costs—imposed on ulate Federal elections to the extent nec- the States by this bill. The proponents of essary to prevent fraud and preserve the S. 250 simply have not made the case that integrity of the electoral process, there has requiring the States to make voter registra- been no suggestion that S. 250 would serve tion easier will translate into increased voter that goal. Nor has there been any showing participation at the polls. Indeed, a recent that the bill is necessary to eliminate dis- study by the Federal Election Commission criminatory practices. Accordingly, there is suggests that registration requirements have a serious constitutional question whether no significant effect on participation rates. the Congress has the power to enact this In addition, to the extent that State registra- legislation. tion requirements discriminate against mi- I support legislation that would assist the nority groups, the Voting Rights Act already States in implementing appropriate reforms provides an adequate remedy. in order to make voter registration easier S. 250 would exempt from compliance for the American public. I cannot, however, with its requirements any State adopting an accept legislation that imposes an unneces- election day registration system. This ex- sary and costly Federal regime on the States emption could create a compelling incentive and that is, in addition, an open invitation for a State to adopt such a system, under to fraud and corruption. which verification of voter eligibility is dif- For the reasons discussed above, I am re- ficult. Thus, the bill would increase substan- turning S. 250 without my approval. tially the risk of voting fraud. It would not, however, provide sufficient authority for GEORGE BUSH Federal law enforcement officials to respond to any resulting increases in election The White House, crime and public corruption. July 2, 1992.

1072 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / July 2

Nomination of Mack F. Mattingly To Be United States Ambassador to the Seychelles July 2, 1992

The President today announced his inten- 1990, he served as Assistant Secretary Gen- tion to nominate Mack F. Mattingly, of eral for Defense Support for NATO in Georgia, to be Ambassador of the United Brussels, Belgium. He served as a U.S. Sen- States of America to the Republic of ator from Georgia, 1981–87. Seychelles. He would succeed Richard W. Senator Mattingly graduated from Indiana Carlson. University (B.S., 1957). He served in the Since 1990, Senator Mattingly has served U.S. Air Force, 1951–55. He was born Janu- as a national and international speaker and ary 7, 1931, in Anderson, IN. Senator Mat- writer on economic, defense, foreign policy, tingly is married, has two children, and re- and political issues; a business adviser; and sides in Saint Simons Island, GA. self-employed entrepreneur. From 1987 to

Nomination of Mary C. Pendleton To Be United States Ambassador to Moldova July 2, 1992

The President today announced his inten- selor at the American Embassy in Bucha- tion to nominate Mary C. Pendleton, of Vir- rest, Romania, 1987–89; post management ginia, a career member of the Foreign Serv- officer in the Bureau of European and Ca- ice, class one, to be Ambassador of the nadian Affairs, 1984–87; administrative offi- United States of America to the Republic cer at the American Embassy in Lusaka, of Moldova. Zambia, 1982–84; a visa officer and staff Since 1990, Ms. Pendleton has served as aide at the American Embassy in Manila, Director of the Administrative Training Di- Philippines, 1978–79; and a general services vision at the School of Professional Studies officer at the American Embassy in Khar- at the Foreign Service Institute. From 1989 toum, Sudan, 1976–77. to 1990, she was in senior training at the Ms. Pendleton graduated from Spalding National Defense University Industrial Col- lege of the Armed Forces. Ms. Pendleton University (B.A., 1962) and Indiana Univer- has served as a Foreign Service officer at sity (M.A., 1969). She was born June 15, the Department of State in several positions 1940, in Jefferson County, KY. Ms. Pendle- since 1975, including: administrative coun- ton currently resides in Arlington, VA.

Nomination of Stanley Tuemler Escudero To Be United States Ambassador to Tajikistan July 2, 1992

The President today announced his inten- Ambassador of the United States of America tion to nominate Stanley Tuemler Escudero, to the Republic of Tajikistan. of Florida, a career member of the Senior Currently, Mr. Escudero serves as Charge´ Foreign Service, class of Counselor, to be d’Affaires and interim at the American Em-

1073 July 2 / Administration of George Bush, 1992 bassy in Dushanbe, Republic of Tajikistan. the Department of State, including: Africa Mr. Escudero has also served as: Counselor affairs officer in the Office of United Na- for Political Affairs at the U.S. Embassy in tions Political Affairs, Bureau of Inter- Cairo, Egypt, 1990–92; member of the sen- national Organization Affairs at the Depart- ior seminar at the Foreign Service Institute, ment of State, 1977–80; Morocco desk offi- 1989–90; political advisor to the com- cer, 1975–77; and staff aide to the Ambas- mander-in-chief at Central Command in sador and political officer at the American Tampa, FL, 1987–89; Counselor for Politi- Embassy in Tehran, Iran, 1971–75. cal Affairs at the American Embassy in New Mr. Escudero graduated from the Univer- Delhi, India, 1984–87; legislative manage- sity of Florida (B.A., 1965). He was born ment officer in the Bureau of Congressional March 10, 1942, in Daytona Beach, FL Mr. and Intergovernmental Affairs at the De- Escudero is married, has two children, and partment of State, 1981–84. Mr. Escudero has served in several other positions with resides in Dushanbe, Republic of Tajikistan.

Nomination of John J. Easton, Jr., To Be an Assistant Secretary of Energy July 2, 1992

The President today announced his inten- Rosenberg, Ltd., 1987–89. Mr. Easton was tion to nominate John J. Easton, Jr., of Ver- twice elected attorney general of Vermont mont, to be Assistant Secretary of Energy and served in that position from 1981 to for Domestic and International Energy Pol- 1985. icy. This is a new position. Mr. Easton graduated from the University Since 1989, Mr. Easton has served at the of Colorado (B.S., 1964), and Georgetown Department of Energy as General Counsel, University (J.D., 1970). He served in the 1991–present; and as Assistant Secretary for U.S. Air Force from 1964 to 1968. He was International Affairs and Energy Emer- born June 16, 1943, in San Francisco, CA. gencies, 1989–91. Prior to joining the De- Mr. Easton currently resides in Arlington, partment of Energy, Mr. Easton served with VA. the law firm of Miller, Eggleston and

Nomination of Kent N. Brown To Be United States Ambassador to the Republic of Georgia July 2, 1992

The President today announced his inten- reau of Politico-Military Affairs at the De- tion to nominate Kent N. Brown, of Vir- partment of State, 1988–90; senior political ginia, a career member of the Senior For- adviser for the U.S. Mutual and Balanced eign Service, class of Counselor, to be Am- Force Reductions and Conventional Forces bassador of the United States of America in Europe Delegations in Vienna, 1984–88; to the Republic of Georgia. a student at the North Atlantic Treaty Orga- Since 1990, Mr. Brown has served as po- nization Defense College in Rome, 1983– litical adviser to the Supreme Allied Com- 84; Consular and political officer at the mander, Supreme Headquarters Allied American Embassy in Moscow, 1980–83; Powers Europe in Casteau, Belgium. He and international affairs officer for the Bu- has also served as: office director of the Bu- reau of European Affairs at the Depart-

1074 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / July 2 ment of State, 1975–79. 1966). He has born May 7, 1944, in Oak- Mr. Brown graduated from the University land, CA. Mr. Brown is married, has two of California, Davis, (B.A., 1964; M.A., children, and resides in Casteau, Belgium.

Remarks and an Exchange With Reporters on Departure for Camp David, Maryland July 2, 1992

The President. I have two subjects I want in AIDS—he was on the AIDS Commission to address very briefly before we leave here. before he came here; Mary Fisher, who is First, on the unemployment extension personally involved with the disease; Dr. bill. This afternoon the House passed an Fauci, one of our Nation’s leading research- unemployment bill, and the Senate is ex- ers out at NIH. And I mentioned, I think, pected to act shortly; it may have already Dr. Sullivan of HHS. moved. But the bill that came out of the But we met in there, and I was asking House-Senate conference is a good one. It them, how can I better convey the concern took the best of the House and Senate posi- that I feel, and what can I do better to tions. It’s paid for, and it does not violate convey what we are doing? And I believe the budget agreement. And it preserves the that I must have the Nation know that we’re fiscal discipline that is so vital to our eco- all enmeshed in the pain that people feel nomic recovery. There are no new taxes in about this disease, whether they have the the bill. It doesn’t raise unemployment taxes disease, afflicted by it, or whether they’re or raise the unemployment wage-base. Most people who just want to help. of the objectionable policies were dropped I think it’s important to emphasize that from it. The extra benefits will give unem- progress has been made. And we listened ployed Americans as much as 52 weeks of to Dr. Fauci talk about the progress that’s unemployment insurance. This is an impor- been made, the hope that he and the other tant safeguard for workers who still can’t great researchers and scientists in this coun- find jobs as the economy continues to grow. try have for progress on the vaccines, for And I’m glad that we were able to work it out with the Congress in the last couple example; the fact there are three different of days. ways now to try to contain this disease. The current program runs out on Satur- And then the third point is the determina- day. I want to make sure that people keep tion that we all feel that we must win this getting these extended benefits. Therefore, battle. And the bishop and Dr. Fauci point- I will sign this bill as soon as it reaches ed out to me something that I do know my desk. And I might say at the end of and perhaps have not articulated it, and that this statement, once again, I was very is that the United States has a key leader- pleased to see the Fed move to reduce the ship role here. It’s a worldwide problem. rates because clearly that will have an eco- And our science is on the cutting edge. Our nomic stimulus that will help get this coun- researchers aren’t the only ones doing the try back to work real fast. job, but they are doing a superb job. I just The second subject: I have just concluded want others around the world to know that another meeting on AIDS. And with me we share their concerns, and we want to is Bishop Swing, who ministers to many share our science with anyone we possibly AIDS patients, is in the forefront of the can help. And so it was that area. We talked struggle against AIDS. He comes from San a little bit, Lou did, Lou Sullivan brought Francisco, a friend to Barbara and to me. up the point he makes about the ADA bill Also there was Dr. Burt Lee, my own per- where we are opposed to discrimination. sonal physician but who’s had an active role And that bill, that forward civil rights legis-

1075 July 2 / Administration of George Bush, 1992 lation, addressed itself to that. position is on this. But I’d be very anxious So it was a good meeting. And I will con- to hear from him and to understand more tinue to find ways to take to the Nation clearly what his concerns are. the concern that I feel, that Barbara feels Q. Are you open to a possible change in on this dreaded disease. It affects so many the immigration law, sir? That’s been one families. And we’ve got to make sure that of the major points of criticism. we remain doing everything we can. As we The President. Well, we discussed it a lit- all know, the funding for research is subtle bit. And I know there’s some concern stantially up and the requests for next year on that. But I’d want to get some rec- very strong. But I wish there was more ommendations from our expert before I even. But we’ll keep doing our job. And committed myself on that. I have learned a lot from my dear friend Bishop Swing, again. And also, I’m grateful to those others that attended the meeting. The Economy Thank you all very much. Q. Mr. President, since you’ve staked so Proposed Family Life Executive Order much of your reelection on the economic Q. Have you received the letter from the recovery, doesn’t the lagging unemploy- Baptists concerning the position that you’ve ment, if it lags all the way to November, taken with—their objection to your position doesn’t that decrease your chances for re- on ‘‘20/20’’ about hiring homosexuals? Not election? making a litmus test? The President. I don’t know, Jim [Jim The President. I didn’t hear anything Miklaszewski, NBC News]. I hear so many about that. I didn’t see anything. things that decrease, or some that increase, Q. The Christian Life Commission has my chances. I feel that we all have a stake, sent you a letter that said it’s too late for regardless of the politics, in an improved meetings and that action is required on this economy. All I know is that we would not policy. They’re asking you—— have unemployment at this level if I could The President. What is that? have gotten our investment incentives Q. They’re asking you to sign the pro- passed by the Congress. And I say that not posed Executive order on family life—the to blame anybody, but what I’ve felt has definition, sir? been necessary all along is economic stimu- The President. Well, I’ll have to take a lus. That’s why we had a specific program look at what we’re talking about here. proposed, and most of it is languishing on Q. What about Magic Johnson’s concerns Capitol Hill. that he’s raised? Having said that, the economy is growing. The President. I think my position on Having said that, I am very much concerned family life is pretty well known to this coun- about the unemployment figures. I still try. maintain that unemployment is a lagging indicator because there are other things that AIDS Policy are quite positive, including the fact that Q. Have you had any more communica- interest rates are even lower now than tion with Magic? they’ve been. And that, inevitably, spurs in- The President. No, and we’ve tried to get vestment and jobs. in touch with him. I asked Dr. Sullivan So, there are mixed reports. One day we’ll about that again. And I don’t know that— get a good statistic; another day we’ll have I know I haven’t been. But we have tried one that isn’t so good. But when it involves to get in touch with Magic Johnson. He’s human life, when it involves somebody a part of the Commission. We know their wanting to work that doesn’t have a job, reservations. But there’s no hostility here. then of course we’re concerned about that. Anybody that has suggestions as to how I I don’t know about the political implica- can do my job better in expressing the con- tions, but I am convinced that the economy cerns that we feel as a Nation, so much is continuing to improve. the better. But I don’t know what his latest I’ve got to go.

1076 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / July 3

Note: The President spoke at 6:05 p.m. on Swing, Episcopal Bishop of the Diocese of the South Lawn at the White House. In his San Francisco. remarks, he referred to Rev. William E.

Radio Address to the Nation on Health Care Reform July 3, 1992

Today, I’m asking all Americans to help Just this week I sent Congress a bill to me break a logjam holding up reform of curb the runaway costs of medical liability. our health care system. Health care in our Nearly every community in this country country is too expensive, too complicated. knows gifted medical people, conscientious And too many times, the system is down- men and women, who no longer use their right unfair. I’ve proposed comprehensive talents and training because they’re afraid reforms, including four pieces of legislation of being wiped out by damage suits. That’s now waiting in Congress’ in-box. Americans wrong. And it hurts every one of us. Every- could begin enjoying the benefits of reform where I travel in this country, people tell right away if only Congress would act. me Americans should make more effort Let me tell you about our plan, including helping each other instead of suing each my legislation and some initiatives by House other. And that’s why I’m asking Congress and Senate Republicans. We would lower to pass my plan to put caps on damages costs for patients and providers alike by and encourage settling disputes out of court. keeping high taxes, costly litigation, and big We need medical malpractice reform bureaucracies off their backs. We’re fighting now. But there’s a logjam, the old-time lib- to give self-employed Americans the same eral leadership in the Senate and the House tax advantages that big corporations already stalling my reforms. While I want to curb have, and that is being able to take 100 the excessive damage awards in medical percent of health insurance premiums off malpractice cases, too many in that Capitol their income taxes. Hill crowd are too beholden to the trial law- Our legislation also would help small busi- yers lobby to act in the people’s interest. ness and self-employed people get the same Where I want the freedom and the proven break as the big guys through new purchas- efficiency of the modern market to work, ing networks and broader risk pooling. the old-time leadership wants Federal bu- That’s good because it will help drive down reaucrats to control prices and ration serv- health care costs for everyone. And House ices. Republicans have a good idea to let both employers and employees contribute to new The biggest story of our time is the failure tax-free MediSave accounts for health care. of socialism and all its empty promises, in- It’s time to reform our antiquated system, cluding nationalized health care and govern- move things into the electronic age. Our ment price-setting. But somehow this news legislation would cut paperwork and redtape that shook the world hasn’t seeped through and put health insurance on a modern elec- the doors of the Democratic cloakrooms on tronic billing system. Going to the doctor Capitol Hill. should involve no more paperwork than And that’s why I’m asking your help. Let’s using a credit card. I’ve also asked that get them the message. Americans deserve horse-and-buggy-era rules end and that a better health care system. And they sup- practices for patient records and consumer port the principles of my plan. Let’s get health information be replaced with com- our Senators and Congressmen off the dime puterization. By the end of the decade, and make them bring my plan to a vote. these two reforms alone would save Ameri- Thank you for listening. And may God cans an estimated $24 billion a year. bless the United States of America.

1077 July 3 / Administration of George Bush, 1992

Note: This address was recorded at 11:02 White House for broadcast after 6 a.m. on a.m. on July 2 in the Oval Office at the July 3.

Statement on Signing the Unemployment Compensation Amendments of 1992 July 3, 1992

Today I am pleased to sign into law H.R. on my economic growth package, with 5260, the ‘‘Unemployment Compensation hopefully the same bipartisan spirit of co- Amendments of 1992.’’ This legislation operation. Enactment of these reforms and would extend the Emergency Unemploy- incentives is essential to creating the jobs ment Compensation (EUC) program to that all Americans want. Action on them March of next year. Without this extension, is long overdue. I urge the Congress now the EUC program would expire on July 4th. to turn to this unfinished business and to Unemployment has a profound effect on quickly enact my program for economic people’s lives. The extension of the EUC growth and job creation to ensure a strong, program is consistent with my strong and sustained recovery and long-term economic sustained commitment to providing needed prosperity for our Nation. assistance to the unemployed and their fam- GEORGE BUSH ilies while the economy recovers. These benefits will provide critical support to un- The White House, employed Americans until they can find July 3, 1992 jobs. I am pleased that the Administration and the Congress worked together success- Note: H.R. 5260, approved July 3, was as- fully in the last few days to enact this impor- signed Public Law No. 102–318. An original tant extension of benefits. was not available for verification of the con- I call on the Congress to move rapidly tent of this statement.

Statement by Press Secretary Fitzwater on the Andean Trade Preference Act July 3, 1992

President Bush today proclaimed Bolivia drug summit to improve access to the U.S. and Colombia to be beneficiary countries market for exports from Andean countries. under the Andean Trade Preference Act of It is one element of the Bush administra- 1991 (ATPA). These are the first two coun- tion’s war against international drug traffick- tries to be designated under the ATPA. ing. The administration is continuing its re- The ATPA is designed to help encourage view of the status of other potential bene- a transition from the production of illicit ficiaries, Peru and Ecuador. drugs to legitimate products in the Andean countries. Under the Act, beneficiary countries may export a wide range of products to the United States on a duty-free or preferential tariff basis. The President’s action helps fulfill a com- Note: The proclamations of July 2 are listed mitment he made at the 1990 Cartagena in Appendix E at the end of this volume.

1078 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / July 4

Statement by Press Secretary Fitzwater on the Macedonia Recognition Dispute July 3, 1992

The President strongly supports early res- any solution that is acceptable to the parties olution of the dispute over recognition of themselves. The United States therefore the former Yugoslav Republic of Macedo- stands ready to do what it can, in support nia. In this connection, we welcome efforts of European Community efforts, to help the of the European Community to find a solu- parties solve this problem so that they can tion, including those taken at the June 29 get on with a normal relationship. summit. The United States would support

Remarks to the Pepsi 400 Drivers and Owners in Daytona Beach, Florida July 4, 1992

Thank you all very much. Thank you guys Having been the grand marshal of the Day- for the welcome, appreciate it. Thank you tona 500, why, I expect it’s only downhill. very, very much. First off, let me just pay But here I am as President of the United my respects to the France family. Bill’s late States; maybe that will help a little bit. dad was a friend, and we mourn his passing, But keep up the great work for American a great guy, great for racing, a great Amer- sports, American values. We’re very, very ican, the values always intact. So I wanted proud of you. And as for Richard Petty Day to mention that at the beginning of these or Richard Petty, number 43—they’re salut- very brief remarks. ing him all the way around the track here— I salute the spirit of NASCAR, the spirit I’m proud to be at his side on this very of racing. If there’s ever a group of people special day, too. that stood for what we call family values, Thank you all, and best of luck to all of American traditional values, it’s this crowd you. I’m talking to right now. When I think of the Fourth of July, I count my blessings Note: The President spoke at 9:52 a.m. in for our freedom. I know we’ve got some Garage 42C at Daytona International big problems in this country, but there’s an Speedway. In his remarks, he referred to awful lot right about the United States of William C. France, president of the National America, too. And this spirit that you feel Association for Stock Car Auto Racing just the minute you get here expresses a (NASCAR); the late William H.G. France, lot about that. founder of NASCAR; and all-time champion So I really wanted to pop in here, just driver Richard Petty, who was participating wish you well, tell you I’m glad to be back. in his final race at Daytona International This is my third visit to a race in Daytona. Speedway.

Remarks at the Richard Petty Tribute in Daytona Beach July 4, 1992

Thank you all very much. I can think of Independence Day, happy Fourth of July, no better place to wish our Nation happy than standing right here with this patriotic,

1079 July 4 / Administration of George Bush, 1992 wonderful turnout of people, all-American in family, the best in patriotic values. So crowd. Thank you very much. today, on the Fourth of July, this President This is the day when we celebrate our comes not only to greet the American peo- independence and count our blessings. The ple and the fans here, but this President way I see it, yes, there are problems, but comes to greet a king, Richard Petty, one we are still the freest, fairest, and the great- of the great Americans. Richard, I’m proud est country on the face of the Earth. to be at your side. I just met with the NASCAR drivers, a real thrill for a sports fan. They epitomize Note: The President spoke at 10:55 a.m. at the best: the best in sportsmanship, the best Daytona International Speedway.

Remarks at an Independence Day Celebration in Faith, North Carolina July 4, 1992

Thank you all very much. Mayor, thank But this is a very special American day. you. Thank you very much, Mayor Hamp- I just came from the races down there in ton. And let me say to all of you, please Daytona, and we saluted the king, a son be seated. [Laughter] Sorry about that. of North Carolina, Richard Petty. Dale What a great day in Faith, and what a won- Earnhardt, Dale showed us around and ex- derful way to get here: play a couple of plained it, so it’s been a great big high of innings of ball, eat a little barbecue, drink a day for me here. a little of that wine or whatever they call This one is a picture postcard holiday set- it over there. [Laughter] Really, we’re ting. You’ve got it all with the Little League thrilled to be here, and thank you for that and the softball games and the wheelbarrow very, very warm welcome. I say warm, I races and the parade down Main Street. use the term advisedly. [Laughter] Now I’ll be very short because I want to I’ll tell you a little Trivial Pursuit: Fifty go over and try the bungee jumping. years ago almost to this day, I was a naval aviation cadet at Chapel Hill, North Caro- [Laughter] No, Barbara said it’s okay to lina. That was my first taste of North Caro- throw your hat in the ring, but not the lina hospitality, and this is my last and my whole body. [Laughter] very best up till now. So thank you all very, But we meet today in the State that gave very much. birth to flight way back a thousand years It’s great to see our Governor here, doing ago, and on the day when the eagle soars a superb job for this State. You’ll miss him proudest of all. We meet in smalltown in the governorship, but we’ve got to keep America, in many ways, as I survey our him active. He’s done a great job for the great country, in many ways the spiritual State of North Carolina. May I pay my re- heart of all America. spects to another man I’ve been with shoul- Several miles up the road is Salisbury, der to shoulder, Congressman Coble here, home to our friend Liddy Dole and home and just say to all of you, Daisy Bost and to Cheerwine—[laughter]—and a little east, all that worked on this program, what a Siler City, where television’s Aunt Bea is magnificent show this is. The Governor is buried. I’ve always wondered if Aunt Bea right: We are proud to be in Faith, North were with us today, if she’d be serving broc- Carolina, and proud to see this spirit alive coli. I hope not. [Laughter] and well. Not every place in America is like these I didn’t hear the East Rowan High School wonderful towns, but its values can and Marching Band, but somebody—here they should be because the values that the are right here. Fantastic.

1080 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / July 4

Mayor mentioned, the values the Governor conviction: ‘‘God bless Mother and Daddy, talked about, the values that you hold dear my brother and sister.’’ And he says, ‘‘Oh, are the values that hold our entire country and God, take care of yourself because if together. And we never should forget that. anything happens to you, we’re all sunk.’’ When I go back to Washington, Barbara [Laughter] And that kid is right, just as right and I, we have about an hour and a half, as he can be. I believe it is, maybe a couple of hours at So, the American people really have the airport. Then we fly to Poland, where mountains of faith. And I believe the God I’ll stand shoulder to shoulder Sunday who gave us life also gave us liberty. So morning with Lech Walesa, the President. again, I’d like to use this wonderful occa- Remember him? The guy that stood up for sion, this national holiday, perhaps our freedom when nobody else could do it in greatest, to call on the Congress to pass a Poland? Stood up and took the heat, and constitutional amendment permitting vol- now Poland is free. He looks to the United untary prayer in the public schools. States, and he says, ‘‘Above all the coun- Barbara and I were talking earlier to peo- tries, it was the United States of America ple for whom every day is the Fourth of that stood with me and offered me the hope July. They don’t apologize for the choking for freedom.’’ up when you hear ‘‘The Star-Spangled Ban- You know what it means to be good ner’’ or standing at attention when you say neighbors. You know what it is to have fami- the Pledge of Allegiance. And they don’t lies, strong and united; good schools; safe neighborhoods; job-creating economy; and apologize for the lump in the throat when a world at peace. Now, you go over to the a few blocks away over here on Gantt Street Faith Soda Shop or the Hairport or R&I in the American Legion building they visit Variety, and you’ll see the values that can a monument dedicated to the veterans, the achieve these goals. One is faith in self-reli- living and the dead, of every American war. ance. You believe in equal rights for all Here in Faith, memories run long, just Americans. Don’t let anybody knock your as principles run deep. And Jim touched town; you stand with me against bigotry and on it, but you know how to answer those against racism. You believe in what is good who say that the success of Desert Storm and what is right. should be forgotten. But look, you had Some regard principles as disposable, like 76,000, as he said, troops in this one State, TV dinners, but they couldn’t be more deployed from North Carolina. I don’t think wrong. Let others support some of this— Saddam Hussein—who might by now have films and the programs which mock small- nuclear weapons, or if we hadn’t challenged town America. But I stand with the millions him we’d all be paying $10 for gas as he who support your America. And there’s moved into Saudi Arabia—I don’t think he nothing wrong with a Nation more like doubts for a minute the will and the Salisbury or Faith, North Carolina. And be- strength and the patriotism of the American lieve me, carry those principles with you. people. It’s not just the name of the town, but I know very well our veterans haven’t from this springs another smalltown virtue: forgotten it, those courageous, the best We believe America is special because of fighting forces we’ve ever put together. fidelity to God. We have not forgotten that We stay together. I told Howard Coble— we are one Nation under God, and that’s I sometimes risk being a little personal. an important thing to point out on July 4th. But I was shot down in World War II, and I heard from the Mayor that there are I learned something. I learned something 553, technically, 553 residents. But she tells in combat: The wingman doesn’t pull me that on Sunday more than 800 attend away from the flight leader. When I was church services, and that’s pretty good out shot down into the Pacific, it was my of a town of 553. Think of that. You show teammates, one located my raft, another shot why, according to a Gallup poll, America down a boat that was put out from a Japanese is the most religious nation on Earth. island, and I learned this: We are a team. Remember the small boy expressing that We’re a united country. When the going

1081 July 4 / Administration of George Bush, 1992 gets tough, we get moving. We don’t apolo- Because on this special day of freedom we gize, and we don’t quit. We never quit. And are still the United States of America: noth- we don’t forget the POW’s and the MIA’s, ing to apologize for, everything to be proud I might add, either. We’re with them. of. Eisenhower spoke of ‘‘the great and price- Thank you, and God bless each and every less privilege of growing up in a small one of you. town.’’ Well, Barbara and I are privileged to be in a small town that proves how right Ike was. Note: The President spoke at 3:07 p.m. at And ours is a nation, believe me, ours Legion Park. In his remarks, he referred to is a nation whose best days lie ahead. These Mayor Judy Hampton of Faith; Daisy Bost, kids here can go to bed at night with less program coordinator for the Independence fear of nuclear war because we’ve been Day celebration in Faith; Dale Earnhardt, here. NASCAR driver and Winston Cup cham- Now we’ve got to keep moving and bring pion; Elizabeth Hanford Dole, president of that change to everybody in America that the American Red Cross; and the late wants opportunity. And we can do it. Why? Frances Bavier, actress.

Remarks Following Discussions With President Lech Walesa of Poland in Warsaw July 5, 1992

President Walesa. I’d like to state once with this part of the world. again that we owe a great deal to America. President Bush. And may I just respond We’d like to pay tribute to the President and tell the Polish side here what I’ve just and try to do everything to retain the inter- told President Walesa, and that is we have est of the States and of Mr. President, and every intention of remaining involved. We at the same time making it as good as pos- appreciate the President’s understanding of sible for America. the importance of NATO. And we feel that American involvement in leading towards a vigorous trade between Poland and the democracy was great. And in Poland, Amer- United States is in our interests as well as ican involvement is necessary for Europe. Poland’s. We simply cannot envisage Europe without So I told the President we would do evan American presence. erything we can to keep the United States It is not safe at all here after the disman- involved, to keep a strong NATO, to stay tling of the Soviet Union, only today the in touch on the security side of things, and dangers are somewhat different. And I am then to figure out what we can do to go convinced that without U.S. presence we won’t make it at all. That is why I wish forward on the trade matters because we to thank the President and to thank America think he has properly assessed the security for everything that Central Europe has concerns and economic concerns in Europe, achieved, particularly in this very special and we want to continue to be helpful. And moment, and hoping for the presence of we will be. We will be. the President and of America in order for There is a great affection in the United us to be successful. It can be successful; States for Poland, as you know from your it can be great business; however, only if own visits there. And the fact that Poland we do it together. wants us to do what we’re doing, stay in- Once more I wish to welcome you most volved, try to be constructive partners, that’s cordially, Mr. President, and your delega- very helpful for the United States, too. So tion. And I would wish you less problems thank you for your hospitality.

1082 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / July 5

Note: The remarks began at 12:45 p.m. in marks were translated by an interpreter. A the Green Room at the Royal Palace. Presi- tape was not available for verification of the dent Walesa spoke in Polish, and his re- content of these remarks.

Remarks to Polish Citizens in Warsaw July 5, 1992

Thank you, Mr. President, for those very dom for Poland and its people. kind words. And good afternoon to Mrs. It’s a new beginning not just for Poland Walesa. It’s a pleasure to be back here. I’m but for all of Europe and the world. It is pleased that the U.S. Presidential delega- proper that we mark this new birth in your tion, headed by our own Secretary country. It was here in Poland that the Sec- Derwinski, could be here today. ond World War began. It was here in Po- So hello, Warsaw, and hello, Poland. land that the cold war first cast its shadow. Thank you all for this warm welcome. Bar- And it was here in Poland that the people bara and I are honored to be back once at long last brought the cold war to an end. more, to come home once more to the I’ve said many times that in the deepest birthplace of the Revolution of ’89. And I’m sense, the cold war was a war of ideas, a especially pleased to come here from Amer- contest between two ways of life. The rulers ica’s Fourth of July celebration of freedom of the old regime claimed they saw the tri- and carry that same spirit to a free Poland. umph of the totalitarian ideal written in the This is truly a homecoming, the day Po- laws of history. They failed to see the love land welcomes home a part of its proud of freedom written in the human heart. history, a great patriot, a patron of freedom. I recall my last visit to Poland: The fierce You spoke eloquently of him. Through his long life, Ignacy Paderewski fought for a defiance and determination in the faces of free and independent Poland. When inde- the workers gathered in what was then pendence came, Paderewski served as called the Lenin Shipyard in Gdansk, the Prime Minister of your new nation. When warmth and the welcome for America made occupation came, he joined the exiled gov- plain to Barbara and me by you, the good ernment. And when he died, America gave people of Poland. We’ll never forget it. this great friend of freedom a place along- Just think of the new world that’s side our honored dead in Arlington Ceme- emerged these past 3 years: Europe, whole tery to rest, in the words of our President and free; Russia, turning from dictatorship Franklin Roosevelt, ‘‘until Poland would be to democracy; Ukraine and the other na- free.’’ tions of the old Soviet empire, free and Few knew then how many dark days independent. Look at this new world, and would come and go, how many lifetimes remember where that revolution began: would pass until this day. When years right here in Poland. passed without fanfare or ceremony, when Today, Poland stands transformed. Your a small, simple marker took the place of bold economic reforms have earned the a larger stone, Poles understood. In 5 years world’s admiration and support. And what’s or 50 years, Paderewski would one day more, they’re working. Shelves that once come home to Polish soil. stood empty are now stocked with goods. Today, a patriot has come home. Today, Gone is the old Communist Party head- Poland is free. And what a magnificent day quarters, now home to the Warsaw Stock this is. On this Sunday, from St. John’s Ca- Exchange and the Polish-America Enter- thedral to the village churches of Zakopane, prise Fund, providing seed capital to help the bells toll not simply the solemn requiem Poland’s private sector growth and prosper. but a new beginning, a new birth of free-

1083 July 5 / Administration of George Bush, 1992

Gone are the slogans and the sham reality; to seek new ways to help Poland toward everywhere you hear new voices and new progress and prosperity. Let there be no hope. Freedom has come home to Poland. doubt: America shares Poland’s dream. For all that is new, there are things that America wants Poland to succeed. And we have not changed, things that sustained you will stand at your side until success is guar- through the darkest days: Polish strength, anteed to everyone. Polish spirit, Polish pride. Reaching your We mark today not simply the memory dreams will be difficult. I know the sheer of a great Polish patriot, we celebrate the volume of new voices can sometimes be men of moral courage who sustain this na- deafening. But from the clamor of new tion: President Lech Walesa, Father voices must come democracy, a common vi- Popieluszko, Pope John Paul II. But Poland sion of the common good. could not have come this far, Poland could Of course, in many places and for many not have won its freedom if only a few had people there is more pain than progress. the courage to stand up against the state. But we must take care to separate cause Freedom was won by the everyday heroes from consequence. Poland’s time of trial is of the underground, the men and women not caused by private enterprise but by the who kept faith when faith was forbidden, stubborn legacy of four decades of Com- who spoke the truth against a wall of lies, munist misrule. Make no mistake: The path the true heroes of democracy: the people you have chosen is the right path. And as of Poland. you say, Mr. President, it is the path of Your strength of spirit drives away all pioneers. Free government and free enter- doubt: Poland will succeed. Poland will suc- prise have helped Poland overcome a crip- ceed because Poles have made this journey pling past. Free government and free mar- before. In a strange new world called Amer- kets will bring Poland a bright future. ica, in the stockyards of Chicago, in the Poland is no stranger to sacrifice. Many steelworks of Cleveland, in a thousand times before, you were asked to do without towns thousands of miles from this land for the greater good of the state. But today they love, Poles worked and worshipped and is different. This time, yours is a sacrifice built a better life—Polish hands building blessed by freedom, the sacrifice of a nation the American dream. Now at long last, determined to make its destination democ- Poles can build that dream right here at racy. home. Poland has made great progress in its re- As President of the United States of forms, moving this country to a new stage America, as a fellow democrat, as friend of in its economic revolution. As always, the a free Poland, I bring this message: America United States of America stands ready to stands with you. America wants Poland to help. In 1989, the United States worked succeed and to prosper. America wants Po- with Poland and others to establish a $1 land, now and forever, to be free. billion fund to help support a free currency Thank you all for this warm welcome. for a free Poland. Now we need to consider May God bless the free people of Poland. new uses for that fund, to help Poland as And may God bless both our great coun- it faces today’s challenges. That’s why I am tries, Poland and the United States of proposing that once Poland is back on track America. Thank you. Thank you very much. with the IMF that we make that fund available for other uses, perhaps to finance Pol- ish exports or to help capitalize banks to support new businesses. The U.S. contribution alone will amount to $200 million. Note: The President spoke at approximately This is a Polish and American idea that 2:30 p.m. at Castle Square. In his remarks, I will take to the economic summit at Mu- he referred to Father Jerzy Popieluszko, a nich. There I will urge the leaders of the Roman Catholic priest who was murdered world’s great democracies to join with us in 1984.

1084 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / July 7

Munich Economic Summit: Yugoslavia Communique July 7, 1992

We, the leaders of our seven countries eration. We express our gratitude to all par- and representatives of the European Com- ticipants in the airlift to Sarajevo and the munity, are deeply concerned about the on- supply of its population. We appeal to all going Yugoslav crisis. We strongly condemn parties in Bosnia and Hercegovina not to the use of violence in the former Yugoslavia imperil the humanitarian effort. and deplore the suffering inflicted upon its We firmly warn the parties concerned, in- population. We particularly deplore those cluding irregular forces, not to take any ac- actions directed against civilian populations, tion that would endanger the lives of those as well as the forced expulsion of ethnic engaged in the relief operation. Should groups. these efforts fail due to an unwillingness Although all parties have contributed to of those concerned to fully cooperate with this state of affairs, the Serbian leadership the United Nations, we believe the Security and the Yugoslav army controlled by it bear Council will have to consider other meas- the greatest share of the responsibility. We ures, not excluding military means, to support the EC Conference on Yugoslavia achieve its humanitarian objectives. chaired by Lord Carrington as the key The airlift to Sarajevo can only be the forum for ensuring a durable and equitable beginning of a larger humanitarian effort. political solution to the outstanding prob- Safe access by road to Sarajevo, as well as lems of the former Yugoslavia, including to other parts of Bosnia and Hercegovina constitutional arrangements for Bosnia and in need, must be guaranteed. The needs Hercegovina. of the hundreds of thousands of refugees We call on all parties to resume negotia- and displaced persons require further sig- tions in that conference in good faith and nificant financial support. We are willing to without preconditions. We welcome the contribute and ask others also to make fair close consultations between the conference contributions. chaired by Lord Carrington, the EC, the We underline the need for Serbia and U.N., and other parties concerned with the Croatia to respect the territorial integrity of Yugoslav crisis. Bosnia and Hercegovina and for all military These consultations could lead to the forces not subject to the authority of the holding of a broader international con- government of Bosnia and Hercegovina to ference to address unresolved questions, in- either be withdrawn or disbanded and dis- cluding issues related to minorities. We armed with their weapons placed under ef- stress the absolute need for the parties in fective international monitoring. former Yugoslavia to show the will for peace We call on all parties to prevent the con- which is indispensable to success and with- flict from spreading to other parts of the out which the peoples of former Yugoslavia former Yugoslavia. will continue to suffer. We urge the Serbian leadership to respect The tragic humanitarian situation, espe- minority rights in full, to refrain from fur- cially in Bosnia and Hercegovina, is unac- ther repression in Kosovo, and to engage ceptable. We fully endorse as heads of state in serious dialogue with representatives of and government the efforts of the inter- Kosovo with a view to defining a status of national community to provide relief. We autonomy according to the draft convention welcome the efforts made in achieving the of the EC Conference on Yugoslavia. opening of the airport of Sarajevo, and we Sanctions decided by the U.N. Security support actions taken by UNPROFOR to Council in Resolution 757, as well as all secure the airport. other provisions of relevant U.N. resolu- The blockade of Sarajevo must be lifted tions, must be fully implemented. We sup- and the shelling of the town stopped in port the efforts of the U.N. peacekeeping order to sustain a comprehensive relief op- forces in implementing the U.N. peace plan

1085 July 7 / Administration of George Bush, 1992 for Croatia and all its elements. We call for the suspension of the delega- We demand that Serbs and Croats extend tion of Yugoslavia in the proceedings of the their full cooperation to the U.N. peace CSCE and other relevant international fora plan and make every effort to bring the and organizations. bloodshed in Croatia to an end. We do not accept Serbia and Montenegro as the sole successor state to the former Note: An original was not available for ver- Yugoslavia. ification of the content of this communique.

Munich Economic Summit Political Declaration: Shaping the New Partnership July 7, 1992

I. 1. We, the leaders of our seven coun- viding economic assistance. tries and the representatives of the Euro- 3. The countries of Central and Eastern pean Community, support the democratic Europe and the new states of the former revolution which has ended the East-West Soviet Union can now seize unprecedented confrontation and has fundamentally opportunities—but they also face enormous changed the global political landscape. Since challenges. We will support them as they we last met, further dramatic changes have move toward the achievement of democratic accelerated progress towards democracy, societies and political and economic free- market-based economies, and social justice. dom. We encourage them to create a stable The way has been opened for a new part- constitutional and legal framework for their nership of shared responsibilities, not only reform programmes and commend their ef- in Europe which at long last is reunited, forts to cut substantially the proportion of but also in the Asia-Pacific region and else- public spending devoted to the military sec- where in the world. We are entering an era tor. where confrontation has given way to co- 4. The Treaty signed at Maastricht by the operation. twelve members of the European Commu- 2. This new partnership will take many nity is a historic step on the way to Euro- forms. The former adversaries of East and pean Union. Its implementation will en- West will cooperate extensively on eco- hance political stability on the European nomic, political and security issues. We look continent and open up new opportunities for the worldwide development of similar for cooperation. patterns of cooperation within regions and 5. Since we last met, the creation of the between regions. As developed countries, North Atlantic Cooperation Council has en- we offer continuing support and assistance hanced the cooperative relationship of the to developing countries. We believe that North Atlantic Alliance with countries in transnational problems, in particular the Central and Eastern Europe and with the proliferation of weapons of mass destruc- states of the former Soviet Union. WEU, tion, can be solved only through inter- too, is strengthening its relationship with national cooperation. Partnership will flour- countries in Central and Eastern Europe. ish as common values take root, based on 6. The need for international cooperation the principles of political and economic has also been underlined by new instabil- freedom, human rights, democracy, justice ities and conflicts due to resurgent national- and the rule of law. We believe that political ism and interethnic tensions. Communal and economic freedom are closely linked and territorial disputes are being settled by and mutually reinforcing and that, to that force, causing death, destruction, and wide- end, good governance and respect for spread dislocation of innocent people human rights are important criteria in pro- throughout the former Yugoslavia, in parts

1086 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / July 7 of the former Soviet Union, and elsewhere early adherence to the NPT as non-nuclear in the world. weapons states of Ukraine, Kazakhstan and 7. The full and immediate implementa- Belarus as well as the other non-Russian tion of all CSCE commitments is essential states of the former Soviet Union. We shall in building security and stability in Europe. continue through bilateral contacts and the All CSCE states must solve their disputes International Science and Technology Cen- by peaceful means and guarantee the equal tres in Moscow and Kiev our efforts to in- treatment of all minorities. We call upon hibit the spread of expertise on weapons the Helsinki CSCE Summit to take deci- of mass destruction. We attach the highest sions to strengthen the CSCE’s capabilities importance to the establishment in the for conflict prevention, crisis management former Soviet Union of effective export con- and peaceful resolution of disputes. We also trols on nuclear materials, weapons and look forward to the establishment of a secu- other sensitive goods and technologies and rity cooperation forum at the Helsinki Sum- will offer training and practical assistance mit. In this regard, we welcome the recent to help achieve this. decisions by NATO foreign ministers and 3. The world needs the most effective WEU ministers on support for peacekeep- possible action to safeguard nuclear mate- ing operations carried out under the respon- rials and to detect and prevent the transfer sibility of the CSCE. We support the devel- or the illicit or clandestine production of opment of a regular and productive dialogue nuclear weapons. Nuclear cooperation will between Japan and the CSCE on matters in future be conditional on adherence to of common concern. the NPT or an existing equivalent inter- 8. In the Asia-Pacific region, existing re- nationally binding agreement as well as on gional frameworks, such as the ASEAN the adoption of full-scope International Post-Ministerial Conferences and the Asia- Atomic Energy Agency safeguards, as re- Pacific Economic Cooperation, have an im- cently laid down by the Nuclear Suppliers portant part to play in promoting peace and Group. The IAEA must receive the re- stability. We are seriously concerned at the present situation in Cambodia and urge all sources necessary to strengthen the existing parties concerned to support UNTAC and safeguards regime and to conduct effective uphold the still fragile peace process to special inspections of undeclared but sus- bring it to a successful conclusion. pect nuclear sites as one means of achieving 9. We welcome Russia’s commitment to this. We will support reference by the IAEA a foreign policy based on the principle of of unresolved cases of proliferation to the law and justice. We believe that this rep- UN Security Council. resents a basis for full normalization of the 4. We reaffirm our willingness to share Russian-Japanese relationship through re- the benefits of peaceful nuclear technology solving the territorial issue. with all other states, in accordance with our II. 1. The end of the East-West con- non-proliferation commitments. frontation provides a historic opportunity, 5. We will continue to encourage all but also underlines the urgent need to curb countries to adopt the guidelines of the Mis- the proliferation of nuclear weapons, other sile Technology Control Regime and wel- weapons of mass destruction and missiles come the recent decision by the plenary ses- capable of delivering them. We are firmly sion of the MTCR to extend the scope of of the view that the indefinite extension of the guidelines to cover missiles capable of the nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty at the delivering all kinds of weapons of mass de- 1995 Review Conference will be a key step struction. Each of us will continue our ef- in this process and that the process of nu- forts to improve transparency and consulta- clear arms control and reduction must be tion in the transfer of conventional weapons continued. The motivation for nuclear pro- and to encourage restraint in such transfers. liferation will also be reduced through ef- Provision of full and timely information to forts to advance regional security. the UN Arms Register is an important ele- 2. We urge countries not yet parties to ment in these efforts. the NPT to join. We look forward to the 6. We will continue to intensify our coop-

1087 July 7 / Administration of George Bush, 1992 eration in the area of export controls of sen- ing international peace and security. The ac- sitive items in the appropriate fora to recession to the UN of new states has rein- duce threats to international security. A forced the importance of this role. We call major element of this effort is the informal upon all these new member states to abide exchange of information to improve and by their solemn undertakings to uphold the harmonize these export controls. purposes and principles of the UN Charter. 7. Arms control agreements which have 3. We reaffirm our commitment to co- been signed by the former Soviet Union, operate on existing refugee problems. We in particular the START and CFE treaties, deplore action by any state or group against must enter into force. The full implementa- minorities that creates new flows of refu- tion of the CFE Treaty will create the foun- gees and displaced persons. dation for the new cooperative security 4. We support moves undertaken so far framework in Europe. We welcome the far- by the Secretary-General to reform the Or- reaching follow-on agreement on strategic ganization, including the appointment of a nuclear weapons concluded by the US and high-ranking emergency relief coordinator. Russia in June as another major step to- The Secretary General’s report ‘‘An Agenda wards a safer, more stable world. Further for Peace’’ is a valuable contribution to the measures, in particular the unilaterally an- work of the United Nations on preventive nounced elimination of ground-launched diplomacy, peace-making and peace-keep- short-range nuclear weapons by the United ing. We assure him of our readiness to pro- States and the former Soviet Union, should vide the political support and resources be carried out as soon as possible. We sup- needed to maintain international peace and port Russia in its efforts to secure the security. peaceful use of nuclear materials resulting 5. We strongly support improved coopera- from the elimination of nuclear weapons. tion between the UN and regional arrange- The Geneva negotiations for a convention ments and agencies as envisaged in Chapter on the effective global ban on chemical VIII of the UN Charter, which have an in- weapons must be successfully concluded creasing role in solving conflicts. this year. We call on all nations to become 6. In closing this Declaration, we reaffirm original signatories to this convention. that recognition of the inherent dignity and III. 1. The new challenges underline the of the equal and inalienable rights of all need for strengthening the UN, taking ac- members of the human family is the foun- count of changing international cir- dation of freedom, justice and peace in the cumstances. Since our last meeting in Lon- world. Human rights are not at the disposal don the tasks and responsibilities of the UN of individual states or their governments. have further increased in a dramatic way, They cannot be subordinate to the rules of especially in the area of crisis prevention, any political, ideological or religious system. conflict management and the protection of The protection and the promotion of human minorities. The UN has played a central rights remain one of the principal tasks of role in the international response to devel- the community of nations. opments in the Gulf, in Cambodia, in the former Yugoslavia and in other regions of Note: This declaration was made available the world. by the Office of the Press Secretary but was 2. We support the UN’s role in maintain- not issued as a White House press release.

Munich Economic Summit Declaration July 7, 1992

1. We, the Heads of State and Govern- the President of the Commission of the Eu- ment of seven major industrial nations and ropean Community, have met in Munich

1088 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / July 7 for our eighteenth annual Summit. Eastern Europe and give new opportunities 2. The international community is at the for the well-being of other nations, includ- threshold of a new era, freed from the bur- ing in particular the developing countries. den of the East-West conflict. Rarely have We regret the slow pace of the negotia- conditions been so favourable for shaping tions since we met in London last year. But a permanent peace, guaranteeing respect there has been progress in recent months. for human rights, carrying through the prin- Therefore we are convinced that a balanced ciples of democracy, ensuring free markets, agreement is within reach. overcoming poverty and safeguarding the We welcome the reform of the European environment. Community’s Common Agricultural Policy 3. We are resolved, by taking action in which has just been adopted and which a spirit of partnership, to seize the unique should facilitate the settlement of outstand- opportunities now available. While fun- ing issues. damental change entails risk, we place our Progress has been made on the issue of trust in the creativity, effort and dedication internal support in a way which is consistent of people as the true sources of economic with the reform of the Common Agricul- and social progress. The global dimension tural Policy, on dealing with the volume of of the challenges and the mutual depend- subsidized exports and on avoiding future encies call for world-wide cooperation. The disputes. These topics require further work. close coordination of our policies as part In addition, parties still have concerns in of this cooperation is now more important the areas of market access and trade in ce- than ever. real substitutes that they seek to address. World economy We reaffirm that the negotiations should 4. Strong world economic growth is the lead to a globally balanced result. An accord prerequisite for solving a variety of chal- must create more open markets for goods lenges we face in the post-Cold War world. and services and will require comparable ef- Increasingly, there are signs of global eco- forts from all negotiating partners. nomic recovery. But we will not take it for On this basis we expect that an agreement granted and will act together to assure the can be reached before the end of 1992. recovery gathers strength and growth picks 9. We are committed, through coordi- up. nated and individual actions, to build con- 5. Too many people are out of work. The fidence for investors, savers, and consumers: potential strength of people, factories and confidence that hard work will lead to a resources is not being fully employed. We better quality of life; confidence that invest- are particularly concerned about the hard- ments will be profitable; confidence that ship unemployment creates. savings will be rewarded and that price sta- 6. Each of us faces somewhat different bility will not be put at risk. economic situations. But we all would gain 10. We pledge to adopt policies aimed greatly from stronger, sustainable non-infla- at creating jobs and growth. We will seek tionary growth. to take the appropriate steps, recognizing 7. Higher growth will help other coun- our individual circumstances, to establish tries, too. Growth generates trade. More sound macroeconomic policies to spur trade will give a boost to developing nations stronger sustainable growth. With this in and to the new democracies seeking to mind we have agreed on the following transform command economies into produc- guidelines: tive participants within the global market- —to continue to pursue sound monetary place. Their economic success is in our and financial policies to support the up- common interest. turn without rekindling inflation; 8. A successful Uruguay Round will be —to create the scope for lower interest a significant contribution to the future of rates through the reduction of excessive the world economy. An early conclusion of public deficits and the promotion of the negotiations will reinforce our econo- savings; mies, promote the process of reform in —to curb excessive public deficits above

1089 July 7 / Administration of George Bush, 1992

all by limiting public spending. Tax- rine resources, and to maintain biodiversity. payers’ money should be used more We therefore urge all countries, developed economically and more effectively. and developing, to direct their policies and —to integrate more closely our environ- resources towards sustainable development mental and growth objectives, by en- which safeguards the interest of both couraging market incentives and tech- present and future generations. nological innovation to promote envi- 14. To carry forward the momentum of ronmentally sound consumption and the Rio Conference, we urge other coun- production. tries to join us: As the risk of inflation recedes as a result of our policies, it will be increasingly pos- —in seeking to ratify the Climate Change sible for interest rates to come down. This Convention by the end of 1993, will help promote new investment and —in drawing up and publishing national therefore stronger growth and more jobs. action plans, as foreseen at UNCED, 11. But good macroeconomic policies are by the end of 1993, not enough. All our economies are bur- —in working to protect species and the dened by structural rigidities that constrain habitats on which they depend, our potential growth rates. We need to en- —in giving additional financial and tech- courage competition. We need to create a nical support to developing countries more hospitable environment for private ini- for sustainable development through of- tiative. We need to cut back excess regula- ficial development assistance (ODA), in tion, which suppresses innovation, enter- particular by replenishment of IDA, prise and creativity. We will strengthen em- and for actions of global benefit ployment opportunities through better through the Global Environment Facil- training, education, and enhanced mobility. ity (GEF) with a view to its being es- We will strengthen the basis for long-term tablished as a permanent funding growth through improvements in infrastruc- mechanism, ture and greater attention to research and —in establishing at the 1992 UN General development. We are urging these kinds of reforms for new democracies in the transi- Assembly the Sustainable Development tion to market economies. We cannot de- Commission which will have a vital role mand less of ourselves. to play in monitoring the implementa- 12. The coordination of economic and fi- tion of Agenda 21, nancial policies is a central element in our —in establishing an international review common strategy for sustained, non-infla- process for the forest principles, in an tionary growth. We request our Finance early dialogue, on the basis of the im- Ministers to strengthen their cooperation on plementation of these principles, on the basis of our agreed guidelines and to possible appropriate internationally intensify their work to reduce obstacles to agreed arrangements, and in increased growth and therefore foster employment. international assistance, We ask them to report to our meeting in —in further improving monitoring of the Japan in 1993. global environment, including through United Nations Conference on Environment better utilisation of data from satellite and Development (UNCED) and other earth observation programmes, 13. The Earth Summit has been a landmark in heightening the consciousness of —in the promotion of the development the global environmental challenges, and in and diffusion of energy and environ- giving new impetus to the process of creat- ment technologies, including proposals ing a worldwide partnership on develop- for innovative technology programmes, ment and the environment. Rapid and con- —by ensuring the international concrete action is required to follow through ference on straddling fish stocks and on our commitments on climate change, to highly migratory fish stocks in the protect forests and oceans, to preserve ma- oceans is convened as soon as possible.

1090 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / July 7

Developing countries 20. Negotiations on a substantial replen- 15. We welcome the economic and politi- ishment of IDA funds should be concluded cal progress which many developing coun- before the end of 1992. The IMF should tries have made, particularly in East and continue to provide concessional financing South-East Asia, but also in Latin America to support the reform programmes for the and in some parts of Africa. However, many poorest countries. We call for an early deci- countries throughout the world are still sion by the IMF on the extension for one struggling against poverty. Sub-Sahara Afri- year of the Enhanced Structural Adjustment ca, above all, gives cause for concern. Facility and for the full examination of op- 16. We are committed to dialogue and tions for the subsequent period, including partnership founded on shared responsibil- a renewal of the facility. ity and a growing consensus on fundamental 21. We are deeply concerned about the political and economic principles. Global unprecedented drought in southern Africa. challenges such as population growth and Two thirds of the Drought Appeal target the environment can only be met through has been met. But much remains to be cooperative efforts by all countries. Reform- done. We call on all countries to assist. ing the economic and social sector of the 22. We welcome the progress achieved UN system will be an important step to this by many developing countries in over- end. coming the debt problems and regaining 17. We welcome the growing acceptance their creditworthiness. Initiatives of pre- of the principles of good governance. Eco- vious Summits have contributed to this. nomic and social progress can only be as- Nevertheless, many developing countries sured if countries mobilise their own poten- are still in a difficult situation. tial, all segments of the population are in- 23. We confirm the validity of the inter- volved and human rights are respected. Re- national debt strategy. We welcome the en- gional cooperation among developing coun- hanced debt relief extended to the poorest tries enhances development and can con- countries by the Paris Club. We note that tribute to stability, peaceful relations and the Paris Club has agreed to consider the reduced arms spending. stock of debt approach, under certain conditions, after a period of three or four years, 18. The industrial countries bear a special for the poorest countries that are prepared responsibility for a sound global economy. to adjust, and we encourage it to recognise We shall pay regard to the effects of our the special situation of some highly in- policies on the developing countries. We debted lower-middle-income countries on a will continue our best efforts to increase case by case basis. We attach great impor- the quantity and quality of official develop- tance to the enhanced use of voluntary debt ment assistance in accordance with our conversions, including debt conversions for commitments. We shall direct official devel- environmental protection. opment assistance more towards the poorest countries. Poverty, population policy, education, health, the role of women and the Central and eastern Europe well-being of children merit special atten- 24. We welcome the progress of the de- tion. We shall support in particular those mocracies in central and eastern Europe in- countries that undertake credible efforts to cluding the Baltic states (CEECs) towards help themselves. The more prosperous de- political and economic reform and integra- veloping countries are invited to contribute tion into the world economy. The reform to international assistance. must be pursued vigorously. Great efforts 19. We underline the importance for de- and even sacrifices are still required from veloping countries of trade, foreign direct their people. They have our continuing sup- investment and an active private sector. port. Poor developing countries should be offered 25. We welcome the substantial multilat- technical assistance to establish a more di- eral and bilateral assistance in support of versified export base especially in manufac- reform in the CEECs. Financing provided tured goods. by the EBRD is playing a useful role. Since

1091 July 7 / Administration of George Bush, 1992

1989, total assistance and commitments, in New independent States of the former Soviet the form of grants, loans and credit guaran- Union tees by the Group of 24 and the inter- 30. The far-reaching changes in the national financial institutions, amounts to former Soviet Union offer an historic oppor- $52 billion. We call upon the Group of 24 tunity to make the world a better place: to continue its coordination activity and to more secure, more democratic and more adapt it to the requirements of each reform- prosperous. Under President Yeltsin’s leading country. We reaffirm our readiness to ership the Russian government has em- make fair contributions. barked on a difficult reform process. We 26. We support the idea of working with look forward to our meeting with him to Poland to reallocate, on the basis of existing discuss our cooperation in support of these arrangements, funds from the currency sta- reforms. We are prepared to work with the bilization fund, upon agreement on an IMF leaders of all new States pursuing reforms. programme, towards new uses in support The success is in the interest of the inter- of Poland’s market reform effort, in particu- national community. lar by strengthening the competitiveness of 31. We are aware that the transition will Poland’s business enterprises. involve painful adjustments. We offer the 27. The industrial countries have granted new States our help for their self-help. Our substantial trade concessions to the CEECs cooperation will be comprehensive and will be tailored to their reform progress and in order to ensure that their reform efforts internationally responsible behaviour, in- will succeed. But all countries should open cluding further reductions in military spend- their markets further. The agreements of ing and fulfilment of obligations already un- the EC and EFTA countries aiming at the dertaken. establishment of free trade areas with these 32. We encourage the new States to adopt countries are a significant contribution. We sound economic policies, above all by bring- shall continue to offer the CEECs technical ing down budget deficits and inflation. assistance in enhancing their export capac- Working with the IMF can bring experience ity. to this task and lend credibility to the efforts 28. We urge all CEECs to develop their being made. Macroeconomic stabilisation economic relations with each other, with the should not be delayed. It will only succeed new independent States of the former So- if at the same time the building blocks of viet Union as well as more widely on a mar- a market economy are also put into place, ket-oriented basis and consistent with through privatisation, land reform, measures GATT principles. As a step in this direction to promote investment and competition and we welcome the special cooperation among appropriate social safeguards for the popu- the CSFR, Poland and Hungary, and hope lation. that free trade among them will soon be 33. Creditworthiness and the establish- possible. ment of a dependable legal framework are 29. Investment from abroad should be essential if private investors are to be at- welcomed. It is important for the develop- tracted. The creditworthiness of the new ment of the full economic potential of the States will in particular be assessed by the CEECs. We urge the CEECs to focus their way in which they discharge the financial policies on the creation of attractive and re- obligations. liable investment conditions for private cap- 34. Private capital and entrepreneurial commitment must play a decisive and in- ital. We are providing our bilateral credit creasing part in economic reconstruction. insurance and guarantee instruments to pro- We urge the new States to develop an effi- mote foreign investment when these condi- cient private business sector, in particular tions, including servicing of debt, are met. the body of small and medium-sized private We call upon enterprises in the industrial companies which is indispensable for a mar- countries to avail themselves of investment ket economy. opportunities in the CEECs. 35. Rapid progress is particularly urgent

1092 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / July 7 and attainable in two sectors: agriculture research cooperation with western industrial and energy. These sectors are of decisive countries. importance in improving the supply situa- 39. We welcome the membership of the tion and increasing foreign exchange reve- new States in the international financial in- nue. Trade and industry in our countries stitutions. This will allow them to work out are prepared to cooperate. Valuable time economic reform programmes in collabora- has already been lost because barriers to tion with these institutions and on this basis investment remain in place. For energy, we to make use of their substantial financial note the importance of the European En- resources. Disbursements of these funds ergy Charter for encouraging production should be linked to progress in implement- and ensuring the security of supply. We ing reforms. urge rapid conclusion of the preparatory 40. We support the phased strategy of co- work. operation between the Russian Government 36. All Summit participants have shown and the IMF. This will allow the IMF to solidarity in a critical situation by providing disburse a first credit tranche in support of extensive food aid, credits and medical as- the most urgent stabilisation measures with- sistance. They also have committed tech- in the next few weeks while continuing to nical assistance. A broad inflow of know- negotiate a comprehensive reform pro- how and experience to the new States is gramme with Russia. This will pave the way needed to help them realise their own po- for the full utilisation of the $ 24 bn support tential. Both private and public sectors can package announced in April. Out of this, contribute to this. What is needed most of $ 6 bn earmarked for a rouble stabilisation all is concrete advice on the spot and prac- fund will be released when the necessary tical assistance. The emphasis should be on macroeconomic conditions are in place. projects selected for their value as a model 41. We suggest that country consultative or their strategic importance for the reform groups should be set up for the new States, process. Partnerships and management as- when appropriate, in order to foster close sistance at corporate level can be particu- cooperation among the States concerned, larly effective. international institutions and partners. The 37. We stress the need for the further task of these groups would be to encourage opening of international markets to products structural reforms and to coordinate tech- from the new States. Most-favoured-nation nical assistance. treatment should be applied to trade with the new States and consideration given to further preferential access. The new States should not impede reconstruction by setting Safety of nuclear power plants in the new up barriers to trade between themselves. It independent States of the former Soviet is in their own interest to cooperate on eco- Union and in central and eastern Europe nomic and monetary policy. 42. While we recognise the important role 38. We want to help the new States to nuclear power plays in global energy sup- preserve their highly-developed scientific plies, the safety of Soviet-design nuclear and technological skills and to make use of power plants gives cause for great concern. them in building up their economies. We Each State, through its safety authorities call upon industry and science in the indus- and plant operators, is itself responsible for trial countries to promote cooperation and the safety of its nuclear power plants. The exchange with the new States. By establish- new States concerned of the former Soviet ing International Science and Technology Union and the countries of central and east- Centres we are helping to redirect the ex- ern Europe must give high priority to elimi- pertise of scientists and engineers who have nating this danger. These efforts should be sensitive knowledge in the manufacture of part of a market-oriented reform of energy weapons of mass destruction towards peace- policies encouraging commercial financing ful purposes. We will continue our efforts for the development of the energy sector. to enable highly-qualified civil scientists to 43. A special effort should be made to remain in the new States and to promote improve the safety of these plants. We offer

1093 July 7 / Administration of George Bush, 1992 the States concerned our support within the munity to contribute to the funding. The framework of a multilateral programme of fund would take account of bilateral fund- action. We look to them to cooperate fully. ing, be administered by a steering body of We call upon other interested States to con- donors on the basis of consensus, and be tribute as well. coordinated with and assisted by the G 24 44. The programme of action should com- and the EBRD. prise immediate measures in the following 47. Decisions on upgrading nuclear power areas: plants of more recent design will require —operational safety improvements; prior clarification of issues concerning plant —near-term technical improvements to safety, energy policy, alternative energy plants based on safety assessments; sources and financing. To establish a suit- —enhancing regulatory regimes. able basis on which such decisions can be Such measures can achieve early and sig- made, we consider the following measures nificant safety gains. necessary: 45. In addition, the programme of action —The necessary safety studies should be is to create the basis for longer-term safety presented without delay. improvements by the examination of —Together with the competent inter- —the scope for replacing less safe plants national organisations, in particular the by the development of alternative en- IEA, the World Bank should prepare ergy sources and the more efficient use the required energy studies including of energy, replacement sources of energy and the —the potential for upgrading plants of cost implications. Based on these stud- more recent design. ies the World Bank and the EBRD Complementary to this, we will pursue should report as expeditiously as pos- the early completion of a convention on nu- sible on potential financing require- clear safety. ments. 46. The programme of action should de- 48. We shall review the progress made velop clear priorities, provide coherence to in this action programme at our meeting the measures and ensure their earliest im- in 1993. plementation. To implement the immediate 49. We take note of the representations measures, the existing G 24 coordination that we received from various Heads of mandate on nuclear safety should be ex- State or Government and organisations, and tended to the new States concerned of the we will study them with interest. former Soviet Union and at the same time made more effective. We all are prepared Next meeting to strengthen our bilateral assistance. 50. We welcome and have accepted In addition, we support the setting up of Prime Minister Miyazawa’s invitation to a supplementary multilateral mechanism, as Tokyo in July 1993. appropriate, to address immediate operational safety and technical safety improve- Note: This declaration was made available ment measures not covered by bilateral pro- by the Office of the Press Secretary but was grammes. We invite the international com- not issued as a White House press release.

Letter to Congressional Leaders Reporting on the National Emergency With Respect to Libya July 7, 1992

Dear Mr. Speaker: (Dear Mr. President:) ary 10, 1992, concerning the national emer- I hereby report to the Congress on the gency with respect to Libya that was de- developments since my last report of Janu- clared in Executive Order No. 12543 of Jan-

1094 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / July 7 uary 7, 1986. This report is submitted pur- $350,000 from two ‘‘Yugoslav’’ entities with suant to section 401(c) of the National offices in the United States. Emergencies Act, 50 U.S.C. 1641(c); section Due to aggressive enforcement efforts 204(c) of the International Emergency Eco- and increased public awareness, FAC has nomic Powers Act (‘‘IEEPA’’), 50 U.S.C. received numerous voluntary disclosures 1703(c); and section 505(c) of the Inter- from U.S. firms concerning their sanctions national Security and Development Co- violations. Many of these reports continue operation Act of 1985, 22 U.S.C. 2349aa– to be triggered by the periodic amendments 9(c). to the Regulations listing additional organi- 1. Since my last report on January 10, zations and individuals determined to be 1992, the Libyan Sanctions Regulations (the Specially Designated Nationals (‘‘SDNs’’) of ‘‘Regulations’’), 31 C.F.R. Part 550, admin- Libya. For purposes of the Regulations, all istered by the Office of Foreign Assets Con- dealings with the organizations and individ- trol (‘‘FAC’’) of the Department of the uals listed will be considered dealings with Treasury, have been amended. One amend- the Government of Libya. All unlicensed ment, published on January 14, 1992, 57 transactions with these persons, or in prop- Fed. Reg. 1386, at 1389, amended the provi- erty in which they have an interest, are pro- sions of the Regulations relating to licensing hibited. The listing of Libyan SDNs is not and availability of information to reflect the a static list and will be augmented from closing of the Federal Reserve Bank of New time to time as additional organizations or York’s Foreign Assets Control Division. A individuals owned or controlled by, or act- second amendment, published on March ing on behalf of, the Government of Libya 30, 1992, 57 Fed. Reg. 10798, added the are identified. names of 46 companies to Appendix A of the Regulations, which contains a list of or- In March 1992, FAC announced a new ganizations determined to be within the def- law enforcement initiative, Operation Road- inition of the term ‘‘Government of Libya’’ block, which targets U.S. travellers who vio- (Specially Designated Nationals of Libya). late the U.S. sanctions on Libya. Under this 2. During the current 6-month period, initiative, warning letters and requests for FAC made numerous decisions with respect information are being sent to persons be- to applications for licenses to engage in lieved to have travelled to and worked in transactions under the Regulations, issuing Libya, or made travel-related payments to nine new licenses. Three of the licenses au- Libya in violation of U.S. law. The investiga- thorize travel to Libya to discuss possible tion of suspected violations is being under- legal representation of the two indicated taken by FAC, assisted by an interagency suspects in the bombing of Pan Am Flight task force including the Departments of 103. The remaining licenses authorize the State and Justice, the Treasury Depart- correction of certain errors made by banks ment’s Financial Crimes Enforcement Net- resulting in mistaken credits to blocked ac- work (FinCEN), the Federal Bureau of In- counts. All of the licenses concern minor vestigation, and the U.S. Customs Service. transactions of little or no economic benefit 4. The expenses incurred by the Federal to Libya. Government in the 6-month period from 3. Various enforcement actions mentioned December 15, 1991, through June 14, 1992, in previous reports continue to be pursued, that are directly attributable to the exercise and several new investigations of possibly of powers and authorities conferred by the significant violations of the Libyan sanctions declaration of the Libyan national emer- were initiated. During the current reporting gency are estimated at $590,000. Personnel period, substantial monetary penalties were costs were largely centered in the Depart- assessed against U.S. firms for engaging in ment of the Treasury (particularly in the prohibited transactions with Libya. In Office of Foreign Assets Control, the Office March 1992, FAC announced the collection of the General Counsel, and the U.S. Cus- of almost $550,000 in civil penalties from toms Service), the Department of State, and six companies for violations of U.S. sanc- the Department of Commerce. tions against Libya, including almost 5. The policies and actions of the Govern-

1095 July 7 / Administration of George Bush, 1992 ment of Libya continue to pose an unusual quired by law. and extraordinary threat to the national se- Sincerely, curity and foreign policy of the United States. I shall continue to exercise the pow- GEORGE BUSH ers at my disposal to apply economic sanctions against Libya fully and effectively, as Note: Identical letters were sent to Thomas long as those measures are appropriate, and S. Foley, Speaker of the House of Represent- will continue to report periodically to the atives, and Dan Quayle, President of the Congress on significant developments as re- Senate.

Statement by Press Secretary Fitzwater on the Designation of Sean O’Keefe as Acting Secretary of the Navy July 7, 1992

The President today named Sean O’Keefe until 1987. Mr. O’Keefe served in principal Acting Secretary of the Navy, until such analyst positions on the staff for operations time as a successor is confirmed. and maintenance, shipbuilding, and aircraft Since 1989, Mr. O’Keefe has served as procurement appropriations. He also was a Comptroller of the Department of Defense Presidential management intern in 1978. and in 1991 was also designated Chief Fi- Mr. O’Keefe graduated from Loyola Uni- nancial Officer of the Department. From versity with a bachelor of arts degree in po- 1981 to 1989, he served on the staff of the litical science and received a master of pub- U.S. Senate Committee on Appropriations, lic administration degree from Syracuse serving as the minority counsel for the De- University. He was born January 27, 1956. fense Subcommittee. He served as the staff He is married, has one daughter and one director for the Defense Subcommittee son, and resides in Arlington, VA.

The President’s News Conference in Munich, Germany July 8, 1992

The President. I’ve spent the past 3 days ing us your voice. discussing the responsibilities and opportu- The President. I’m trying to give—— nities that we have for encouraging stronger Q. [Inaudible]—us your voice in the U.S. economic growth in our countries and, in- The President. I’m trying to give you my deed, in the entire world. We’ve also dis- voice right now, and if you’d be quiet cussed sustaining political reform in the maybe you could hear it. emerging democracies as well as regional Q. But you’re not giving it to us. We political issues, including Yugoslavia. tried. I would cite five key accomplishments at The President. Well, would you please sit the Munich economic summit. We’ve suc- down. We’re in the middle of a press con- ceeded in achieving a solid consensus on ference here. strengthening world growth. Recovery is un- Q. You’re not giving us your voice there. derway in the United States. Japan, Ger- The President. Well, what’s your question, many, and Italy—— sir? Q. [Inaudible]—the homeless. They Q. I’m under 25, and I want to know—— mourn your decisions here. Repent. They The President. Well, I can tell that. mourn your decisions here. You’re not giv- [Laughter] Now, what’s your question?

1096 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / July 8

Q. I want to know why Siemens gets tain the spread of ethnic violence. more credit than the homeless in the With more growth, we will create new United States? job opportunities at home. We will also be The President. We’ll get back to you on able to help emerging democracies establish that. Now, if you’d please sit down, or I’ll the vibrant market economies so vital for have to ask—because it’s not fair to every- their political and economic development. body else for you to be making a little politi- We had a frank exchange of views on cal statement here. Who are you and who trade. We all recognize that completing the are you accredited to? Uruguay round will give a major boost to Q. My name is Charles Kane. I’m from world growth by expanding trade for all the United States. I work with a magazine countries, developed as well as developing. in The Netherlands. It’s a youth magazine, I’ve worked hard over the past year to iden- and we want to know why we’re not taken tify constructive solutions to tough issues. seriously. We’re an environmental group. It’s natural that as we get close to the end, The President. Well, maybe you’re rude. the going gets tougher. But I will persevere People don’t take rude people seriously. because the benefits of success are tremen- And if you interrupt a press conference like dous. All summit leaders expect that an this, I’m sure that people would say that’s agreement can be reached by the end of why we don’t take you seriously. Sit down, the year. and I will take a question from you when Now, one thing stands out clearly from we get in the question-and-answer period. our discussions. The triumph of the ideals Right now I would like to continue my of democracy and free markets throughout statement, with your permission. the world means that distinctions between Now, where were we? We were talking domestic and international economic poli- about economic recovery. It’s underway in cies are increasingly meaningless. This is the United States. Japan, Germany, and particularly true for the U.S., where over Italy have taken actions in the last few days 70 percent of our growth in the last 5 years to strengthen their growth. Also the United has come from exports. Over 7 million States has cut its interest rates. These ac- American jobs are related to exports, and tions will help our domestic economy con- clearly, America’s well-being is tied closely tinue its recovery. U.S. exports to a growing to the health of the world economy. What’s world economy will increase American jobs. happened here and how we all follow We’ll work with Poland on new uses for through on our commitments concerns its currency stabilization fund that will sup- every American. port market reform once Poland reaches And now I’ll be glad to take some ques- agreement with the IMF on a program. I tions. I think Terry [Terence Hunt, Associ- believe this is a very important encourage- ated Press] has the first one. ment for Poland and an expression of our faith in Poland’s commitment to market reform. We expressed strong support for Presi- Russia dent Yeltsin’s reform efforts. This is a trib- Q. Mr. President, you said in Washington ute to his leadership and vision in working that you supported the idea of making the to bring a great country firmly into the fam- G–7 a G–8 with the addition of Russia. Is ily of democratic, market-oriented countries. that going to fly or—— We’ve demonstrated our commitment to The President. I thought I said we were the future of safe nuclear power by agreeing open-minded on it. on a coordinated cooperative effort with Q. Somebody said, ‘‘Do you support it?’’ Eastern Europe and the former Soviet and you said, ‘‘That’s right.’’ Union to improve the safety of Soviet-de- The President. Well, I think you have to signed power reactors. look at the whole statement. But look, this And finally, we’re taking a number of will be considered. Russia attended last steps relating to Yugoslavia, both to relieve year; Russia is attending this year. This mat- the horrible suffering in Bosnia and to con- ter has not yet come up. It will be dis-

1097 July 8 / Administration of George Bush, 1992 cussed this afternoon. But clearly, I support cup here or there or a conflict here or there President Yeltsin being here today. We have that the United States is going to send big differences in the world economies. And troops. maybe it will be concluded that the seven Yugoslavia is a good example. What we’re plus one is the answer; that makes eight. interested in doing is moving forward to But we’ll just have to wait and see how help, but I’ve not committed to use U.S. the negotiations go. troops there, and nobody has suggested that Q. Are you concerned that Russia’s back- NATO troops are going to go into that sliding on energy and inflation? Are you sat- arena. isfied with the progress of their economic Q. What did you mean by a guarantor reform package? of security? Someone said that you were The President. I don’t think Russia is sat- waiting for the Red army to regroup. What isfied with the progress of their economic is the meaning? reform. And what we want to do is just The President. The enemy at this juncture encourage economic reform in every way. is unpredictability. A strong NATO that has See, I feel that one of the quickest ways kept the peace, helped keep the peace in for that Russian economy to recover is to Europe for 40-some years can keep it for move forward on the energy front with pri- the next 40 years. That’s what we’re talking vate investment much more quickly. about. What was the other part? Energy and Now, let’s go to this gentleman who is what? so agitated here. Q. They’re printing many more rubles and adding—— The President. Inflation. I think there is a concern about inflation. But all of these matters will be discussed this afternoon. But Nuclear Energy we don’t want to overlook the fact that President Yeltsin has come in; he’s taken Q. I just want to know why there’s no some courageous steps in terms of reform. new nuclear power plants in the United He’s made decisions at home that are quite States being built, but you’re proposing for unpopular. So as this big economy begins Siemens to build them in Eastern Europe. to move and begins to be much more mar- The President. Well, I’d like some more ket-oriented, there are bound to be prob- to be built. lems. And yes, I’m sure they’re concerned, Q. Why are they so unsafe in our country as everybody is, about inflation. and so safe in their country? The President. I don’t think—— NATO Q. Why is it only the G–7—— Q. Mr. President, do you think that you The President. You’ve asked your ques- have properly defined to the American peo- tion, sir, and let me try to answer it for ple and to Congress the future role of you. I favor nuclear power. I believe that NATO in terms of Europe in the post-cold- it can be safely used. I believe that it is war world? That is, does it mean American environmentally sound. I have great con- troops will have to go into every ethnic fidence in U.S. technology. I notice that the struggle, every national civil war as they are French feel the same way. So I am not assigned by NATO, and should we do that? a President who is opposed to nuclear The President. No, it doesn’t mean that power. Indeed, our energy bill that we’ve American troops will go into every struggle. got forward would facilitate ways for more NATO, in our view, and I think in the view safe use of nuclear power. of most of the participants if not all, is the The debate here has been that we ought fundamental guarantor of European secu- to try to help those areas that have nuclear rity. It is in the national interest of the facilities that might not have the latest tech- United States in my view to keep a strong nology and might not meet the same stand- presence, a U.S. presence, in NATO. I don’t ards of safety that we use in our country. think anybody suggests that if there is a hic- Thank you very much. Now we’ll go here.

1098 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / July 8

Q. Do you respect the— feeling that the referendum is causing prob- The President. You’ve had your question. lems for the French. All I know is that we Q. Come on. Sit down. are going to keep pushing. We’re ready to Q. Think about it. Is the world going to conclude one now. I have made very clear, be a better place—— some political comments to the contrary at The President. This is coming out of your home notwithstanding, that the politics does time, gang, and we’ve got 20 minutes. not interfere with the United States readi- Q. Mr. President—— ness to go forward. And we’ve made that Q. Come on. This guy is not respecting point here. But I am disappointed. us at all. You guys are all part of the system, We didn’t come here, incidentally, too. Thanks a lot. Go ahead. We’ve given Charles [Charles Bierbauer, Cable News up. Network], thinking that this was going to be the forum in which the GATT round World Economic Growth and Domestic Jobs would be solved. If I had felt that way, I Q. Much has been said here by you and think you would have seen our very able others about the benefits for the United negotiators on the scene. But I think there’s States of accelerated growth in other econo- some political realities out there that make mies of the world. You don’t contend, do it more difficult for one country or another you, sir, that there will be any immediate to conclude an agreement. All I know is benefits, such as on the unemployment rate we’re going to keep pushing for it without in the United States, do you? regard to the U.S. election. It is in our in- The President. Immediate benefit to terest. So that’s the only way I know to world growth? answer. Q. From world growth on, for example, Q. How far has President Mitterrand the unemployment rate in the United gone to give you assurances that he’ll be States. prepared to deal after that referendum? The President. I think world growth is a The President. I would not go into how guarantor of more employment in the far he’s gone. I simply think that there will United States because I think it will—— be more of a readiness on the part of the Q. But when? French after the referendum. The President. Well, it’s very hard to put a particular date on it. You’ve got an econ- The Global Economy omy now where, in our country, where you Q. Mr. President, it seems to me that saw this investment from BMW, which is one could read this final communique and very good. But there’s a delay before it will reasonably conclude that Poland and Russia employ the 2,000 people or whatever that’s got more out of the economic summit than predicted. But exports have saved our econ- the United States. Where’s the beef for the omy. They would be much more vigorous U.S. economy? if the world was growing faster. So I think The President. Where’s what? you just have to wait and see how fast coun- Q. Where’s the beef for the U.S. econ- tries grow. But as they grow, that is a much omy? better market for American products. The President. In the first place, these summits should not be looked at as coming France and Trade Negotiations out with an eight-point agenda or something Q. Mr. President, every year, or at least like that. That’s not what they’re about. We for the last several years, we’ve come to have one global economy, and we’re all in- these summits and been promised a trade volved in that global economy. And when agreement. You’ve done that again this year. we make commitments to growth, that ben- Why should this year be different, particu- efits not just the G–7 plus one, but it bene- larly since you seem to have encountered fits everybody else. And so I would simply such opposition from the French? Do you say, as we move forward together with the have promises from Mr. Mitterrand to deal Europeans, whether it’s on Yugoslavia or with this once his referendum is over? whether it’s on world growth, that is The President. I think there’s a general in the interest of the United States of

1099 July 8 / Administration of George Bush, 1992

America. You can’t separate out the inter- your message out, in this case maybe on national economy from the domestic econ- your international leadership and jobs cre- omy. ation through this global expansion on the economy. Who do you fault for that? President Yeltsin The President. I don’t know what aides Q. I wanted to ask you about Boris you’re talking about. We’ll keep getting it Yeltsin, your latest opinion of him. He out. I think the way that we met here with crashed in here, gate-crashed the dinner last these leaders and people see agreement on night. He’s complained about the $24 bil- world growth, that’s good. I think people lion fund, that the IMF put more restric- feel that the world economy is growing, just tions on him, that Russia’s sovereignty as I feel the U.S. economy is growing. So would be insulted. Do you regard him as if there’s any blame, I guess I take the a really reliable partner or as a bit of a blame. But I don’t buy into it that the mes- loose cannon? sage isn’t getting out. I think people come The President. I regard him as a very cou- to the recognition that we’ve got some prob- rageous leader who is trying against some lems, certainly problems when people are pretty tough odds to reform an authoritarian hurting and they don’t have jobs. But on system, Communist system, and to make it the other hand, as they begin to feel the into a market economy. And I can under- economy moving, I think things will change. stand the frustration that he might feel and I’m still interested in the statistic I saw— express from time to time about where’s I forgot I don’t read polls—that I read in the beef, what’s in this for us. But I think a poll. What it said was that 60 percent he also knows that when he gets advice on of the people in the country still think the genuine reforms from the IMF that he must economy is getting worse. It’s not. It is im- comply. So I think there may be frustration proving. Now, maybe not improving fast on his part. But on the other hand, I think enough, but it is improving. There’s a gap all of us at this G–7 meeting support him between perception and reality. and support what he’s trying to do. So on your question I think maybe the I would just take exception to the ques- answer is: Just keep getting the truth out, tion, one part of it, where you say he getting the message out. Keep encouraging crashed the dinner. A place was set; he got Congress to do that which I wish they had a warm welcome. [Laughter] So I don’t done long ago instead of about—I wish they think that’s a very fair assessment to a cou- would move forward now and stimulate the rageous leader. economy in some selective ways that we’ve Q. Do you think the characterization that been proposing since my State of the Union he’s like a bull in a china shop is not accu- Message. They haven’t done it. I’m going rate? to keep encouraging them to do it because The President. Well, I’ve not heard that that would be the best thing we could do particular characterization. But the man is to help all Americans get back to work and strong, and he’s tough, and he’s committed. to stimulate growth. And I have seen that in my various meetings Q. Mr. President, there’s been a good with him, bilateral meetings. He’s trying deal of speculation that the leadership role hard, and he has our respect. And he’s up of the United States in the world and per- against big odds. We all know that. But he’s haps even that of the U.S. President is got a good, young team around him, and somewhat diminished with the end of the you ought to give him great credit for that, cold war, with the difficulties that all of the Kozyrev and Gaydar, particularly on the fi- economies, including our own, are showing. nancial side, the latter. And we’re here to Do you feel that at meetings like this, that support him. I think he’s conducted himself the relationship between you and your peers very, very well here. and colleagues is different than it was before? And if so, how? U.S. Economy and Leadership Role The President. No, I don’t feel it. Q. Mr. President, your aides said this Q. Do you feel that the economy of the week that they’re having trouble getting United States, being in the shape it is,

1100 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / July 8 makes it more difficult for you to speak up keeping in places like Yugoslavia. The and get your points across? United States will have 200,000 troops in The President. No, because I think as you NATO. Earlier you said that the United look around at world economies, a lot of States would not be going to such places the world economies are sharing the same as Yugoslavia. How can we avoid taking part problems. So I don’t feel that at all. In fact, in peacekeeping with the use of American I feel since Desert Storm something quite troops if NATO is going to undertake that different. role? The President. Well, if NATO undertakes Federal Budget Deficit a role, of course, the United States of Amer- Q. Mr. President, one of the key points ica is going to be involved in it. But in of the communique is that the Government terms of Yugoslavia, our interest is in terms should curb excessive public deficits. At the of trying to get humanitarian support in same time, you’ve presided over the largest there. I have no plans to inject ourselves increase in the Federal deficit in the U.S. into a combat situation in Yugoslavia. We in history. My question is, we’ve heard you have naval power, we have air power, and talk about the problems of the Great Society we are a part of the security, obviously, a programs, the Carter administration, and key and critical part of NATO. But nothing the Democratic leadership. Have you given in that should be read that I would commit serious reflection to the thought of many U.S. forces into combat. I’m just not saying economists that the deficit you are grappling what we’re going to do on all that. with is in large part due to the policies of I thought Colin—I was looking at his the Reagan administration, in which you statement today, and I think that he ex- served? presses administration policy very well on The President. No, I haven’t given much that, the purpose of providing humanitarian thought to that, but I’ve given a lot of aid and not for trying to resolve the under- thought to how to get the deficit down. And lying political issue. So, Saul [Saul Fried- the way to get the deficit down is to contain man, Newsday], I think you’ve jumped out the growth of mandatory spending and is ahead of where consideration of the NATO to keep the caps that we negotiated back role is for Yugoslavia at this point. in 1990 on discretionary spending and to Q. I’m speaking of other such conflicts. stimulate economic growth. That is the way The President. Well, that’s too hypo- to get the U.S. deficits down. And some thetical to go into. You saw the United of that is reflected, incidentally, in the state- States respond in the Middle East, and that ment on growth that we made with the wasn’t a NATO operation. And yet, most leaders here. of the countries in Europe in one way or Urban Policy other responded to be helpful. Q. Just a followup. Just after the Los An- U.S. Leadership geles riots you were asked whether trickle- down economics had, in fact, worked to Q. A follow on Don’s [Don Oberdorfer, help the lower income people move up. Washington Post] earlier question. You’ve And you said that you would consider every- said several times at home that the U.S. thing, whether everything worked. Have you is now the undisputed leader of the free looked at that particular policy? world. I think a lot of people would agree. The President. Yes, and I’ve looked at Yet, we’re having difficulty exerting our na- what we ought to do for the cities. And tional interest in areas like trade. And in we’ve proposed a good program, and I hope these bloody conflicts in Yugoslavia and it will pass the Congress. South Africa our leadership doesn’t seem to be respected; our democratic values Future U.S. Troop Deployment aren’t being followed. I just wondered what Q. The United States has supported a do you make of this? proposal at the summit that will be going The President. I don’t agree with your as- to Helsinki for NATO to take part in peace- sessment of U.S. leadership, and I don’t

1101 July 8 / Administration of George Bush, 1992 think anybody in this G–7 would agree with for the United Nations; you support these that. I just think that people still look to G–7 neighbors of Yugoslavia. And so it’s not the United States. Now, we are working in a view of do you put force every time there concert with our allies. We’ve got a global is an occasion like this. economy. It’s just not one country that Take a look at the countries now free solves a problem. I’ve believed since I’ve from the yoke of international communism been President of working multilaterally and the former Soviet Union. If I followed when it’s in our interest and when it can your question to its logical conclusion, it produce the most good, and I’m going to would be suggesting the only way you’re continue to do that. going to solve the problem of Azerbaijan So I don’t accept the assessment. I think and Armenia or the Crimea or wherever one thing that has been celebrated by every- it is, is to inject U.S. force. And that’s not body since we’ve been here is the significant the way we conduct our policy. That’s not reduction in nuclear arms. They look to that the way you keep the peace. as a major leadership achievement of the Russia United States of America and Russia. So I haven’t encountered the kind of theme Q. Back to Mr. Yeltsin, sir. Economists that you were asking about. are sounding increasingly alarmed that the Q. I just wonder whether you feel that $24 billion which are on offer to him overall being a superpower isn’t necessarily what is rather paltry given the enormous task and it used to be cracked up to be. risks involved. For example, Germany has The President. No, I think, in all candor— already spent more than $100 billion on and I don’t want to be offensive to others transforming Eastern Germany just to main- while I’m here in a multilateral environ- tain stability there. What’s your view—I’m ment—I think we are the sole remaining talking numbers here—what’s your view, is superpower. And that’s when you consider $24 billion sufficient? economic and military and everything else. The President. I don’t know that there’s And I think others see it that way. But that enough money in the world to instantly doesn’t mean that the way you lead is to solve the problem of the Russian economy. dictate. That’s not the way you try to do I think it is a substantial commitment. But it. it’s got to be accompanied with a continuation of this vigorous reform program in Yugoslavia Russia. And that will do it more quickly Q. You’ve said that you went to war in than anything else. the Persian Gulf for principle and that a We were talking before this meeting new order came out of that. And now you’re about the amount of capital that has flowed saying that you can’t address the political into South America since we’ve come into problem in Yugoslavia. What does the new office and since the Brady plan and the En- world order have to offer for the people terprise for the Americas have been put into of what used to be Yugoslavia, who need effect. It is amazing the billions of dollars to have their political problems addressed, that have flowed into those countries as they who have lost land and—— have reformed—some are in the process of The President. I didn’t say we couldn’t reforming—but as they have reformed their address political problems. I said we’re not economies. going to use United States troops to solve And therein lies the answer for Russia. the political problems. That’s very different. It isn’t going to be done simply through We’ve got some vigorous diplomacy. We a grant from the IMF. But they’ve got to first work the humanitarian question, and stay with the reform program that Yeltsin then you do what you try to do in and Gaydar have very courageously put into preconflict situations or conflict situations effect, and they’ve got to build on it. and try to use your best diplomatic effort. They’ve got to move forward more quickly In this case, you work with the Europeans. with energy investment. There’s a lot of You support Lord Carrington; you support things that they’ll be able to do and should Cyrus Vance when he was on the mission do in order to get that dynamism of the

1102 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / July 8 private sector involved. And therein lies the ers? With the exception of Prime Minister ultimate answer. It isn’t going to be through Major, everyone has their own domestic, an injection of cash from one of the IFI’s, political, electoral problems. Does that the international financial institutions. come up between you, and do you commis- Time for two more. erate? How would you describe it? The President. That’s a very interesting Multilateral Trade Negotiations question. And one thing you do get out of Q. Mr. President, the interests of the Eu- this summit is it’s not just the United States ropean farmers seem to have been de- that has this kind of mood of turmoil. It’s fended fairly effectively at this summit. Why very interesting when you talk to these lead- is it that the interests of U.S. workers and ers, not just strictly on the economic side farmers keep losing out at the trade talks? but on the political side as well. And we The President. I don’t think the U.S. do discuss it. Everyone, I think, shares the farmers lost out at all. We are not going same confidence that I do that as the world to enter into a deal that is detrimental to growth takes place a lot of that discontent the U.S. agricultural economy. And I don’t will go away. A lot of it is economic, not think anybody thinks we are. all of it; some of it’s just antipolitical. But What do you mean, ‘‘keeps losing out’’? yes, we had some very interesting discus- Maybe I missed something. sions on that. Q. Every year we’re promised that there’s Q. Do you ever come to the point of say- going to be a GATT agreement by the end ing, ‘‘Look, I can’t deal with that now; I’ll of the year, every year since you’ve been have to deal with it 2 months from now’’? President. And every year it doesn’t happen. The President. No, I can’t think of a single Is there a reason to think it’s going to international question that I would address happen—— any differently if the election weren’t right The President. But that’s not—making a over the horizon. I made that very clear bad deal is not something that the American on the Uruguay round. So let me just clear farmer should be anything but grateful the air on this. We want a deal. We think about. We’re going to make a good deal, it’s in everybody’s interest to have a deal. and it will benefit the agricultural economy And in no way is domestic election politics because we can compete with anyone any- interfering with this. where. So that’s kind of the underpinning I would cite the same thing here today of the negotiation. So I don’t think the U.S. in terms of the North American free trade farmer loses out when you don’t rush to agreement. It is in the interest of America make an agreement that might not be a to conclude a North American free trade good one. You keep plodding until you get agreement. And we’re going to work to do a good one, and that’s what we’re trying just that. That will mean more jobs and to do. more investment. Every time you get free Q. Is the status quo acceptable to U.S. trade, it does it. Look at the agreement with farmers? Canada. Trade’s done nothing but go up, The President. The status quo is better and that means jobs on both sides of the than a bad deal, but it’s not as good as border. a good GATT agreement. And that’s the So I can’t think of anything that would answer. The way you asked the question, be on the agenda that we have here or pos- I don’t think the American farmer keeps sible agenda where I would conduct myself getting shafted. What he wants is access to differently because of an election coming markets because we know we can compete. up. That’s the kind of agreement we’re deter- Thank you all very much. mined to get. It should be a fair agreement, and it will be a fair agreement. Economic Summit and Domestic Politics Note: The President’s 134th news conference Q. Could you tell me a little bit about began at 11:58 a.m. at the Residenz. In his the atmospherics of this meeting and oth- remarks, he referred to Andrey Kozyrev,

1103 July 8 / Administration of George Bush, 1992

Russian Minister of Foreign Affairs; Yegor cial European Community Negotiator on Gaydar, Russian Minister of Finance; Gen. Yugoslavia; and Cyrus Vance, Special Nego- Colin L. Powell, USA, Chairman, Joint tiator for the United Nations on Yugoslavia. Chiefs of Staff; Lord Peter Carrington, Spe-

Remarks to the Conference on Security and Cooperation in Europe in Helsinki, Finland July 9, 1992

May I first thank President Koivisto and under the heel of the state. We should re- the Government and the wonderful people ject the notion that democracy has opened of Finland for their hospitality. Pandora’s box. Democracy is not the cause It’s fitting that we meet again in Helsinki, of these problems but rather the means by the city whose name came to symbolize which people can resolve their differences hope and determination during the cold and bring their aspirations into harmony. war. We declared the cold war over when We have proof of this. In this room are we met in Paris in 1990. But even then leaders of nations for whom democracy has we did not appreciate what awaited us. made both aggression and civil war unthink- Since 1990, a vast empire has collapsed, a able. score of new states have been born, and Second, let us all agree to be held ac- a brutal war rages in the Balkans. countable to the standards of conduct re- Our world has changed beyond recogni- corded in our solemn declarations. Those tion. But our principles have not changed. who violate CSCE norms must be singled They have been proven right. With our out, criticized, isolated, even punished by principles as a compass, we must work as sanctions. And let Serbia’s absence today a community to challenge change toward serve as a clear message to others. the peaceful order that this century has thus Third, let us commit CSCE to attack the far failed to deliver. root causes of conflict. The Dutch initiative The United States has always supported for a high commissioner for national minori- CSCE as a vehicle for advancing human ties is an important step toward providing rights. During the cold war we saw the de- early warning. It will help us act before con- nial of human rights as a primary source flict erupts. My country has proposed a of the confrontation that scarred Europe CSCE project on tolerance which can lead and threatened global war. And now a new to practical cooperation in fighting discrimi- ideology, intolerant nationalism, is spawning nation and racial prejudice. We cannot fail new divisions, new crimes, new conflicts. to make this a top priority while the so- Because we believe that the key to security called ethnic cleansing of Muslims occurs in the new age is to create a democratic in Bosnia even as we meet. peace, the United States sees an indispen- Fourth, let us strengthen our mechanisms sable role for CSCE. Accordingly, I’d like for the settlement of disputes. CSCE should to suggest a five-point agenda to make offer a flexible set of services for mediation, CSCE more effective. conciliation, arbitration so that conflicts can First, let us commit ourselves to make be averted. A prompt follow-on meeting democratic change irreversible. We must should take up specific means for dispute not be so paralyzed by the turmoil around settlement, including the U.S. idea whereby us that we lose sight of our historic mission: our community can insist that disputing par- completing the grand liberation of the past ties submit to CSCE conciliation. 3 years. We should use CSCE to nurture Fifth, let us decide right here and now democratic ways in those societies where to develop a credible Euro-Atlantic peace- people have been oppressed for generations keeping capability. This region remains

1104 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / July 10 heavily armed from cold war days. Ad hoc to it that the United Nations sanctions are operations of hastily assembled units will respected no matter what it takes. Third, not suffice, and this is why I consider we should do all we can to prevent this NATO’s offer to contribute to CSCE peace- conflict from spreading. And fourth, let us keeping so vital. We’ve learned that Eu- call with one voice for the guns to fall silent rope’s problems are America’s problems, through a cease-fire on all fronts. her hopes and aspirations ours as well. Be- Let me close with this thought. We know cause of NATO, my country will keep sub- more now than we did at our last gathering stantial military capabilities in Europe that in Paris about this new era, its dangers, and could contribute to peacekeeping under yes, about its possibilities. There’s still an CSCE. But it is not for NATO alone to abundance of uncertainty, and yet we can- keep the peace in Europe. We welcome a not be daunted by the unknown. The steps WEU role, and we also invite every nation we take here will be only first steps, but here to work directly with NATO in build- let them be determined first steps toward ing a new Euro-Atlantic peacekeeping force. a true community of freedom and peace. I must conclude these remarks with an- To this end I came to Finland, to pledge other word on the nightmare in Bosnia. If the full support of the United States of our CSCE community is to have real mean- America. ing in this new world, let us be of one mind Thank you, Mr. Chairman. about our immediate aims. First, we should see to it that relief supplies get through no Note: The President spoke at 5:35 p.m. at matter what it takes. Second, we should see the Helsinki Fair Center.

Statement on the New American Schools Design Competition July 9, 1992

My education strategy, called America But every one of the design teams that com- 2000, is based on the premise that if we peted to create the best schools in the world are going to change our country we must is also a winner. These New American change our schools, community by commu- School design teams are in the forefront of nity. As part of that strategy, last year I a movement that will, by the end of the invited leaders from the private sector to 1990’s, create revolutionary new schools. I forge a path in designing new schools. They know that America 2000 communities in responded swiftly and generously, first by every State will be anxious to study and to forming the New American Schools Devel- use these new school designs to help create opment Corporation, then by initiating a na- their own new American schools. tionwide competition for the best school de- The success of the New American Schools signs imaginable. Their initiative generated competition demonstrates that Americans an enormous response: Nearly 700 propos- welcome the opportunity for revolutionary als were submitted. change in the Nation’s education system. Today, just over a year since its inception, That is why I am delighted by the an- the New American Schools Development nouncement today and extend my hearty Corporation has selected 11 design propos- congratulations to the winning design teams. als to create the best schools in the world.

1105 July 10 / Administration of George Bush, 1992

Exchange With Reporters Prior to Discussions With Prime Minister Jozsef Antall of Hungary in Helsinki, Finland July 10, 1992

Refugees it done by constitutional means. And it gave Q. ——give U.S. money for Bosnian refu- me a chance to express my appreciation to gees being in Hungary? him, respect for President Havel, just as, The President. Well, we’re going to dis- again, I would say the same about Mr. cuss a lot of questions here with my es- Antall. The changes that these countries are teemed friend, and I’ll have a better feeling undertaking are enormous, and they have for that after I discuss these matters. But the full respect and support of the United it’s a great honor and pleasure to see him. States. He has our full confidence, I can tell you Yugoslavia that. Q. Do you think this conference has Eastern Europe achieved anything that’s going to help stop Q. Do you think the changes in Eastern the fighting in Yugoslavia? Europe are really irreversible? The President. I think the more you talk The President. Well, I hope so and think about these problems, the concerted effort so. I don’t hear any word here other than you saw taken between WEU and NATO, trying to cement democracies and freedom. I think those things are very helpful. And That’s what this is all about, human rights everyone is determined to get humanitarian as well. aid in there just as soon as possible and hopefully to stop the flow of refugees that U.S. Naval Deployment and Czechoslovakia are burdening many countries. Q. Mr. President, I’ll try again—a question. Czechoslovakia The President. Try it. Q. Have you accepted it as a fait Q. Is the United States going to be part accompli, the breakup of Czechoslovakia? of the WEU’s decision to send six ships in The President. No. All I say is whatever a monitoring mode? happens ought to be constitutional, it ought The President. Well, there’s been a lot to be within their rights to self-determina- of rumors about naval vessels. In fact, some- tion, and it ought to be peaceful. And I body was asking me earlier about new de- would take my guidance on that from the ployments. There have been no ships— respected President Va´clav Havel. since I’ve been here I’ve made no decisions Q. Mr. Antall, can we ask you a few ques- of change. We have two task forces in the tions? Mediterranean; one has been up and in and The Prime Minister. There will be no sec- out of the Adriatic. But just to lay that to ond Yugoslavia out of Czechoslovakia. rest, there is no change, and no decisions have been made about further deployment Refugees of naval forces. Q. You might be wanting to comment I look forward to seeing my dear friend about this notion of a high commissioner here, who is doing a great job in terms of for refugees, you know, with the ethnic democracy and freedom. He’s got a lot of Hungarians and Romania and all, do you refugee problems; we want to talk about take hope from that? Is that a good thing? that. The Prime Minister. We find it very im- We had a meeting yesterday with Presi- portant. On the basis of previous experience dent Havel. There’s another problem. We I can say it will be good not only for Hun- talked about the emergence perhaps of two garian minorities but other minorities, too. Republics, the splitting up of Czecho- But, of course, you understand that we are slovakia. We just strongly emphasized the very much involved and interested because need for that to be peaceful and to have this is going to be an alternative to

1106 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / July 10 recognize and respect the borders. And we portant seeing the changes in the former hope that there will be no conflicts because Soviet Union and in the Eastern European of this. region. I say so not only now and here; I said also the same in June 1990 when I Bilateral Discussions was in Moscow. I was there as Prime Min- The President. I might add one thing on ister suggesting and proposing to dismantle this question. One of the enormously pro- the Warsaw Pact. I’m the only one being ductive byproducts for me in a multilateral in office among those prior prime ministers meeting like this is a chance to have so now. many bilateral meetings. And I would cite Hungary as a good example. It is important U.S. Naval Deployment to the United States that we stay in touch Q. Mr. President, if we have two task with the Hungarian leaders and see that we forces in the Adriatic, why do you say don’t have any disconnects, see that we can there’s no change? help wherever help is wanted. And so we The President. We don’t have two task have these big communiques that come out forces in the Adriatic; I said Mediterranean. of these meetings and all the pronounce- If I didn’t, I made a mistake. ments, but I find here, just as I did at the Q. Well, are there any in the Adriatic? United Nations years ago, that you learn The President. There might well be. a lot and you can get a lot done in these There have been. They’ve been up and out, bilateral meetings. in and out of the Adriatic over the last few I don’t know whether you agree with that. weeks. But I was trying to respond to a European Security question. I have made no new decisions The Prime Minister. I completely agree since being here on deployment of naval with Mr. President. And at the same time forces. Somebody had a story to that, and I can also say that American presence in it is simply not true. But the fact that Europe is very important indeed from the they’ve been in the Adriatic has been well- point of the security of the European Con- known. tinent. And as Prime Minister of Hungary, I can say NATO is one of the most impor- Note: The exchange began at 11:29 a.m. at tant guarantees of European security. the Helsinki Fair Center. Prime Minister Therefore, apart from supporting European Antall spoke in Hungarian, and his remarks integration, we are committed as supporters were translated by an interpreter. A tape of the transatlantic thought. was not available for verification of the con- The role of NATO is seen even more im- tent of these remarks.

Remarks Prior to Discussions With President Va´clav Havel of Czechoslovakia in Helsinki July 10, 1992

President Havel, I want to express my dures and in a civil way so that good rela- great admiration and respect for your cour- tions are maintained among all the peoples age and leadership. As negotiations move of the region. forward on the future of the federal state, I want to assure you that we respect the rights of the people of the two Republics Note: The President spoke at approximately to decide their future. We think it impor- 4:30 p.m. at the Helsinki Fair Center. A tant that the process take place in accord- tape was not available for verification of the ance with democratic, constitutional proce- content of these remarks.

1107 July 10 / Administration of George Bush, 1992

Statement by Press Secretary Fitzwater on the Treaty on Conventional Armed Forces in Europe July 10, 1992

Today at the Helsinki summit, President because all participants, East and West, rec- Bush, along with the leaders of 28 other ognized that CFE’s unprecedented force re- European nations, agreed that the Treaty ductions, information exchanges, and ver- on Conventional Armed Forces in Europe ification provisions are the cornerstone for (CFE) will be applied provisionally on July efforts to further improve European secu- 17, 1992, to enter into force this fall with rity in the years ahead. the full participation by the original signato- President Bush also signed the Conclud- ries and the eight new states of the former ing Act of the Negotiation on Personnel Soviet Union with territory in CFE’s zone Strength of Conventional Armed Forces in of application. Europe, otherwise known as the CFE–1A The United States attaches great impor- agreement. CFE–1A negotiations began tance to this event because joining CFE is shortly after the CFE Treaty was signed in a key indication of the new states’ commit- 1990. The CFE–1A accord places politically ment to achieving lower and more stable binding limits on military manpower in Eu- levels of conventional military forces in Eu- rope. Along with the equipment limits of rope. Along with our treaty partners, the the CFE Treaty, CFE–1A establishes com- United States has worked hard to make prehensive and stable levels of conventional CFE a reality. In the end, it was achieved military forces on the Continent.

Statement on Signing the ADAMHA Reorganization Act July 10, 1992

Today I am pleased to sign into law S. our population who, during the course of 1306, the ‘‘ADAMHA Reorganization Act,’’ their lives, will suffer from a mental dis- which amends certain alcohol, drug abuse, order. According to the Department of and mental health research and services Health and Human Services (HHS), mental programs. health and substance abuse disorders cost S. 1306 reflects the Administration’s con- this Nation approximately $300 billion in tinued commitment to help the victims of health care costs, lost productivity, and mental illness and substance abuse. It en- other social costs, each and every year. hances mental health and substance abuse S. 1306 also has a number of other impor- services and research designed to address tant provisions that were sought by the Ad- the needs of the citizens of this Nation. S. ministration. For example, it establishes a 1306 will help us achieve the ambitious grant program to expand by approximately goals set forth in the Administration’s Na- 38,400 the number of additional people who tional Drug Control Strategy. will receive substance abuse treatment in Most important, this legislation sends a the coming year. This legislation requires message of hope to the men, women, and the States to assess their efforts to reduce children affected by substance abuse and drug and alcohol abuse and to prepare a mental illness in this country. Through pro- statewide treatment and prevention strategy. grams such as residential treatment for sub- S. 1306 will also continue the prohibition stance-abusing pregnant women, S. 1306 on the use of Federal block grant funds will help reduce the number of newborn for needle exchange programs. There is no children exposed to drugs and alcohol. It evidence that such programs reduce the in- will also help the estimated one-quarter of cidence of HIV infection, and distributing

1108 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / July 13 free needles to drug users only encourages research within the biomedical research more drug use. community. S. 1306 will also reorganize the Alcohol, There are many positive features of S. Drug Abuse, and Mental Health Adminis- 1306 that will help the victims of mental tration (ADAMHA) within HHS. This reor- illness and substance abuse. I am, however, ganization, proposed by the Administration, concerned about the cost of certain block will create for the first time an agency that grant mandates in the bill and the effect is focused solely on providing services to they will have on the ability of the States those who suffer from, or are vulnerable to provide substance abuse treatment serv- to, mental illness and addictive disorders. ices to those in need. Such mandates are The reorganization will allow us to develop inconsistent with the purpose of a block more fully the ability to target services to grant, which is to allow States the flexibility people who need them. It will also enhance to design programs tailored to their specific Federal leadership and help State and local needs. It is my intent that every effort be organizations provide and improve services made to ensure that these mandates do not to address these important public health result in a reduction in the States’ ability problems. to provide treatment services to the greatest At the same time, the reorganization will possible number of persons in need. strengthen the Nation’s research agenda In signing this legislation today, I con- through the integration of ADAMHA’s tinue the Administration’s commitment to three research institutes—the National In- address the immeasurable costs to our soci- stitute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, ety and the suffering of our citizens that the National Institute on Drug Abuse, and result from mental health illness and drug the National Institute of Mental Health— and alcohol abuse. into the National Institutes of Health GEORGE BUSH (NIH). Bringing research on mental illness and addictive disorders into the mainstream The White House, of biomedical and behavioral research at July 10, 1992. NIH will foster a greater exchange of information. It will also encourage the sharing Note: S. 1306, approved July 10, was as- of expertise in neuroscience and behavioral signed Public Law No. 102–321.

Statement on the Sentencing of Manuel Noriega July 10, 1992

The sentence imposed today on Manuel one who trafficks in them should be Noriega is a fitting punishment for drug brought to justice. Operation Just Cause crimes that have harmed all Americans. It freed the people of Panama from a brutal demonstrates that international drug felons tyranny; the sentence handed down today are not above the law, no matter how great demonstrates that it also led to the convic- their wealth, their status, or their armed tion and just punishment of an unrepentant might. drug criminal. For that, Americans and our Illegal drugs inflict great suffering allies abroad have reason to be proud. throughout our Nation and the world. Any-

1109 July 13 / Administration of George Bush, 1992

Letter to Congressional Leaders Transmitting a Report on United States Military Forces in Asia and the Pacific July 13, 1992

Dear Mr. Chairman: (Dear Senator:) and ranking Republican member, Senate (Dear Congressman:) Appropriations Committee; Sam Nunn and Pursuant to section 1043(c) of the Na- John W. Warner, chairman and ranking Re- tional Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal publican member, Senate Armed Services Years 1992 and 1993 (Public Law 102–190), Committee; Claiborne Pell and Jesse Helms, I have the honor to transmit the enclosed chairman and ranking Republican member, report on the strategic posture and military Senate Foreign Relations Committee; Jamie force structure of the United States in Asia L. Whitten and Joseph M. McDade, chair- and the Pacific, including the forces in Ha- man and ranking Republican member, waii. House Appropriations Committee; Les Aspin Sincerely, and William L. Dickinson, chairman and ranking Republican member, House Armed GEORGE BUSH Services Committee; and Dante B. Fascell and William S. Broomfield, chairman and Note: Identical letters were sent to Robert ranking Republican member, House Foreign C. Byrd and Mark O. Hatfield, chairman Affairs Committee.

Statement on Nuclear Nonproliferation Efforts July 13, 1992

A few weeks ago, President Boris Yeltsin remarkable progress in building and and I agreed to the most far-reaching re- strengthening regional arms control arrange- ductions in nuclear weaponry since the ments in Latin America, the Korean Penin- dawn of the atomic age. Yet even as our sula, and the Middle East. own arsenals diminish, the spread of the ca- Yet we need to do more. The demand pability to produce or acquire weapons of for these weapons persists, and new suppli- mass destruction and the means to deliver ers of key technologies are emerging. Ex- them constitutes a growing threat to U.S. port controls alone cannot create an airtight national security interests and world peace. seal against proliferation. In an era of ad- In a world in which regional tensions may vancing technology and trade liberalization, unpredictably erupt into war, these weapons we need to employ the full range of politi- could have devastating consequences. cal, security, intelligence, and other tools at That is why this administration has fought our disposal. so hard to stem the proliferation of these Therefore, I have set forth today a set terrible weapons. We look back with pride of principles to guide our nonproliferation on a solid record of accomplishment. Mem- efforts in the years ahead and directed a bership in the Nuclear Non-Proliferation number of steps to supplement our existing Treaty has grown. The Missile Technology efforts. These steps include a decision not Control Regime and Australia Group have to produce plutonium and highly enriched broadened their membership and expanded uranium for nuclear explosive purposes and their controls against trade useful to the de- a number of proposals to strengthen inter- velopment of missiles and chemical and bio- national actions against those who contrib- logical weapons. We have toughened our ute to the spread of weapons of mass de- nonproliferation export controls, and other struction and the missiles that deliver them. nations have followed suit. We have seen While these steps will strengthen the bar-

1110 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / July 13 riers against proliferation, success will re- effort to thwart the spread of technologies quire hard work and, at times, hard choices. and weapons that cast a cloud over our fu- The United States, however, is committed ture. to take a leading role in the international

Statement by Press Secretary Fitzwater on the President’s Telephone Conversation With Prime Minister Yitzhak Rabin of Israel July 13, 1992

Today, the President called Yitzhak Rabin The Prime Minister told the President to congratulate him on his victory and the about his desire to give the peace process formation of his government. The President new momentum, and they agreed that it told him how much he looked forward to would be good for Secretary Baker to visit working with him to deepen the U.S.-Israeli Israel and its neighbors next week to get partnership and to promote the peace with the ball rolling again. In addition, the Presi- security that the Israelis have rightly dent invited the Prime Minister to visit him yearned for for so long. in Kennebunkport early in August.

Nomination of Walter Scott Light To Be United States Ambassador to Ecuador July 13, 1992

The President today announced his inten- Military Institute, Junior College Division tion to nominate Walter Scott Light, of (1951) and attended the University of Texas Texas, to be Ambassador of the United at Austin School of Business (1951–52) and States of America to the Republic of Ecua- Southern Methodist University School of dor. He would succeed Paul C. Lambert. Business (1953). Mr. Light served in the Since 1957, Mr. Light has served as presi- U.S. Air Force, 1953–55. He was born April dent and chief executive officer of the 30, 1931, in Denton, TX. Mr. Light is mar- Lighting Oil Co. in San Antonio, TX. ried, has three children, and resides in San Mr. Light graduated from New Mexico Antonio, TX.

Nomination of Linton F. Brooks To Be Assistant Director of the United States Arms Control and Disarmament Agency July 13, 1992

The President today announced his inten- Susan Jane Koch. tion to nominate Linton F. Brooks, of Vir- Ambassador Brooks has served as head of ginia, to be an Assistant Director of the the U.S. delegation on Nuclear and Space United States Arms Control and Disar- Talks and Chief Strategic Arms Reductions mament Agency at the Bureau of Strategic (START) Negotiator from 1991 to the and Nuclear Affairs. He would succeed present. From 1989 to 1991, Ambassador

1111 July 13 / Administration of George Bush, 1992

Brooks served as deputy head of the delega- the U.S. Navy, 1982–84. tion. He was confirmed by the U.S. Senate Ambassador Brooks graduated from Duke with the rank of Ambassador in 1990. From University (B.S., 1959), the University of 1984 to 1989, he served as Director of Arms Maryland (M.A., 1972), and the U.S. War Control on the staff of the National Security College (1979). He served for 30 years in Council. Ambassador Brooks has also served the U.S. Navy. He was born August 15, as special adviser to the Chief of Naval Op- 1938, in Boston, MA. Ambassador Brooks erations, 1985, and Deputy Director of Stra- is married, has two children, and resides tegic and Theater Nuclear Warfare Policy in in Vienna, VA.

Nomination of David P. Prosperi To Be a Member of the Board of Directors of the Corporation for Public Broadcasting July 13, 1992

The President today announced his inten- secretary for Vice Presidential nominee Dan tion to nominate David P. Prosperi, of Illi- Quayle, 1988; Assistant to the Secretary and nois, to be a member of the Board of Direc- Director of Public Affairs at the Depart- tors of the Corporation for Public Broad- ment of the Interior, 1985–88; and press casting for a term expiring March 26, 1997. secretary to the Secretary at the Depart- He would succeed Marshall Turner, Jr. ment of Energy, 1985. Since 1990, Mr. Prosperi has served as Mr. Prosperi graduated from the Univer- vice president of communications at the sity of Illinois (B.A., 1975) and George Chicago Board of Trade. He has also served Washington University (M.B.A., 1983). He as Assistant Secretary of Transportation at was born June 20, 1953, in Chicago, IL. the Department of Transportation, 1989–90; Mr. Prosperi is married, has two children, deputy press secretary in the office of the and resides in Northbrook, IL. President-elect, 1988–89; campaign press

Nomination of Shirley W. Ryan To Be a Member of the National Council on Disability July 13, 1992

The President today announced his inten- In addition, Ms. Ryan has served on the tion to nominate Shirley W. Ryan, of Illi- boards of several educational and philan- nois, to be a member of the National Coun- thropic organizations. cil on Disability for a term expiring Septem- Ms. Ryan graduated from Northwestern ber 17, 1994. She would succeed John University (B.A., 1962). She was born Janu- Leopold. ary 5, 1939, in Gary, IN. Ms. Ryan is mar- Currently Ms. Ryan serves as president ried, has three children, and currently re- and cofounder of the Pathways Center for sides in Kenilworth, IL. Children in Glenview, IL, founded in 1985.

1112 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / July 14

Exchange With Reporters in Sequoia National Forest, California July 14, 1992

Presidential Campaign tant domestic issue besides the economy? Q. Mr. President, can you lay the Baker The President. Well, there are so many rumors to rest, sir? Can you lay those Baker of them, but education, crime; education, tranquility in the neighborhoods. rumors to rest? Are you going to ask him Q. Is America and the American economy to return? better off than it was 4 years ago? The President. The truth is he and I are The President. Well, some parts of it are. going fishing. It’s pure fishing, pure fishing. Q. But are you going to ask him to return Note: The exchange began at 11:15 a.m. A to the White House or campaign—— tape was not available for verification of the Q. Mr. President, what’s the most impor- content of this exchange.

Remarks on Signing the Giant Sequoia in National Forests Proclamation in Sequoia National Forest July 14, 1992

Dale Robertson, thank you, sir. As all of respect the land. I believe Teddy Roosevelt you know, Mr. Robertson is the Chief of had these kids in mind when he spoke of the U.S. Forest Service. But I would like the ‘‘beautiful gifts’’ that we’ve received to take this opportunity not simply to thank from nature, gifts that we ‘‘ought to hand him but to thank the other dedicated pro- on as a precious heritage to our children fessionals that work in the Forest Service. and our children’s children.’’ And I’m just delighted to be here today The fact is these forests, our lakes, and and delighted that Bill Reilly, the head of our lands, they are gifts, the commonwealth EPA, is with us; that Congressman Bill that we inherited from our parents, that we Thomas, who claims this as part of his own borrow from our kids. That’s the spirit of congressional district—proudly proclaims it, this agreement that we’ll salute here today. brags about it, understandably so—is with Different groups from Government agencies us today; Forest Supervisor Sandra Key; and to private organizations have come together, also an old friend, Derrick Crandall, could bridging ideological divides in order to forge join us. an agreement that protects our sequoia Let me begin by acknowledging the hard groves as part of our national legacy, our work and the valuable time being invested common heritage, if you will. Whatever in our environment by the likes of Bruce name you put on it, our actions are going Howard and the Save the Redwoods to speak louder than words. And when League, David Magney and the California words are memories, when we are long Native Plant Society, the Audubon Society, gone, these trees will stand. the Nature Conservatory. They all do fan- America has one of the oldest National tastic work in keeping this the way it ought Forest Systems in the world, the best Na- to be. tional Park System in the world, and the I understand we have some special guests best Wildlife Refuge System in the world. here. I met one group of them, and these And yet, as President, I have said that the are the kids from R.M. Pyles Boys Camp. best simply is not good enough. They come out here away from it all to The Wallop-Breaux Trust Fund is a good learn how to hike and fish and pitch a tent. example. It’s helped us invest more than They learn how to respect themselves and $200 million each year to improve our fish-

1113 July 14 / Administration of George Bush, 1992 ing waters and open them up to fishermen. wildlife, and outdoor recreation and tripled Think of the Potomac River; go all the way funds for States for parks and open spaces. across the country and think of the Potomac We’ve proposed or added 20 new national River in our Nation’s Capital. Twenty years parks. We’ve proposed or added 57 new na- ago you literally couldn’t even touch that tional wildlife refuges. We’ve added 1.5 mil- water without being advised to get an inocu- lion new acres to national parks and then lation. Now, on warm summer days the Po- 6.4 million acres to the Wilderness System. tomac belongs to the windsurfers and the We’ve added 2,700 miles of rivers to the bass fishermen. Around the country, signs Wild and Scenic Rivers System. We’ve in- rimmed our lakes with the warning: Don’t creased funds for wetlands protection from Touch the Water. In two decades, we have $295 million in 1989 to $812 million in spent over $100 billion to clean up our wa- 1993. ters. Today, more and more of our rivers Then we’ve also closed off the coastal oil and lakes are safer for the people who swim development in California, in Oregon, in and fish in them, for the animals that live Washington, in Florida and New England in and around them. until the year 2000. We’ve established three To help show off our clean rivers and new national marine sanctuaries, including lakes, last winter I signed ISTEA. Let me the largest ever, the one at Monterey Bay, point out that is the Transportation Act, not that National Marine Sanctuary. We’ve in- the rap act. [Laughter] But that legislation creased funding for Federal fisheries man- will help bring America outdoors, revamp- agement by $80 million and requested full ing our scenic byways, blazing new trails, funding for the Wallop-Breaux that I men- letting Americans become their own pio- tioned earlier for sport fish restoration. neers. That’s what the pursuit of happiness is all about. Now, that is the record of our actions, Some will look at the record and say that of my actions. Now, let’s turn our attention it isn’t enough. I have a surprise for them. to Congress and its response to our propos- I couldn’t agree more. Take a look at what als. In this year’s budget, I requested in- I’ve asked for from Congress, and then take creased funding for parks, recreation, and a look at what we’ve got. the outdoors. And here’s what Congress We’ve proposed, lobbied, and signed the said: Funding for parks, forests, and wildlife, Clean Air Act, the most ambitious environ- $250 million cut; a Federal partnership with mental law in history: Reduces acid rain by the States for parks and recreation, $32 mil- 50 percent, reduces air toxics by 90 percent, lion cut; park and forest acquisition, $73 brings all cities into attainment with health million cut; resource recovery for Sequoia standards. On this we had good congres- National Forest, cut; parks as classrooms, sional bipartisan cooperation, for which I’m cut; tree planting, we’ve got a good new grateful. tree-planting initiative, cut. I could go on, We’ve assessed more fines and penalties but the very trees around us might get nerv- for violations of environmental law in 3 ous. [Laughter] years than in the entire previous 18-year But I cite this because I’m not sure the history of EPA. I don’t see that record ad- American people really understand this vertised in the political process or written commitment and what we are trying to do. about in the press, yet enforcement is tradi- The fact is not just the trees but all of us tionally one of the principal measures of an ought to be a little nervous. Congress has administration’s environmental perform- met a fork in the road now, and they have ance. We’ve convicted more people of envi- a choice. On one hand they can gut these ronmental crimes in 3 years than in the pre- proposals, they can stuff them with pork vious 18 years of EPA. Think about that. and perks, and then turn around and com- A lot of people doing jail time, and those plain about the environment. Or they can tempted to evade these very sound environ- choose another path; they can look out for mental laws, they’re now reconsidering their the voices that don’t have a vote: the land, actions. the children, the future generations. I’m We’ve doubled funding for national parks, asking Congress to do the right thing: full

1114 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / July 14 funding for our land, our trees, our waters, the United States of America. and our parks. The steps we take here today can blaze You see, we need more seasonal park a trail for others to follow. And in case any- rangers, not fewer. We need to acquire one should miss the forest for the trees, more land upstream, not less. Send a mes- so to speak, here’s a reminder: They were sage to Congress: We need less papers, less here first. These trees have watched history posturing, less promises. And we really do go by. Some of these sequoias, I was re- need more action. minded by Dale as we walked through the Now, we all want cleaner air and water. grove, were already seedlings by the time We all want a more beautiful America. Christ walked the Earth. Some flaunt their commitment with these I think back to Sequoyah himself. The sound bites, and I’ve proven mine through, first time he saw the Bible, he called it I believe, sound policy proposals. Some ‘‘talking leaves.’’ I think those leaves have have sent entire forests to their death to something to teach us today. In Revelations fill books with propaganda, short on facts we learn that ‘‘the leaves of the tree were and long on fiction. But our approach rep- for the healing of the nations.’’ We are heal- resents new thinking here, a new ing our forests, our parks, and our lands. environmentalism that harnesses the power It’s a beautiful country. And I want more of the marketplace in the service of the en- and more of the American people to enjoy vironment. settings like we’re in right here today. Let’s The fact is only a growing economy can remember to take time to come out, show generate the resources that we need to take our kids the land, to walk among the red- care of our natural assets. And our environ- woods, to climb a mountain. Our land can mental policies are designed to give busi- heal us, too. nesses new incentives to prevent pollution, It is a joy for me to be out here with to innovate and create new environmental you all today in this beautiful setting. Thank technologies, and to save money by becom- you very much for coming. And may God ing more efficient. Our objective is to rec- bless our great country, the United States oncile America’s deep desire to improve our of America. Thank you very, very much. economic well-being, to have secure jobs and homes, to be able to educate our kids, Note: The President spoke at 11:40 a.m. in and to have water we can drink and air the Sequoia Grove. In his remarks, he re- that we can breathe. I believe this Nation ferred to Derrick Crandall, president of the can achieve both of these objectives. No American Recreation Coalition. The procla- other country in the world has come so far mation is listed in Appendix E at the end along this road. None will go farther than of this volume.

The President’s News Conference With President Carlos Salinas of Mexico in San Diego, California July 14, 1992

President Bush. President Salinas and I importance of this historic undertaking. had a very good discussion. I think it was We live in a global economy. The fastest extremely constructive. We talked about the growing sector of the American economy status of negotiation among our two coun- is our export sector. And Mexico is the fast- tries and Canada to create this North Amer- est growing market for U.S. exports in the ican free trade area, NAFTA. We re- entire world. Over the last 5 years, U.S. affirmed our commitment to reaching this merchandise exports to Mexico have in- sound NAFTA agreement just as soon as creased an average of 17 percent per year, possible. Let me just say a word about the twice as fast as U.S. exports worldwide. And

1115 July 14 / Administration of George Bush, 1992 we’ve added some 400,000 new jobs to our we want to get over to the ball game. And economy just as a result. And now, over why don’t we alternate them between—why 600,000 U.S. jobs are built on our trade don’t we start right here. with Mexico. California alone, this State alone, exported $5.5 billion in goods to Trade Negotiations Mexico last year. And virtually every State [At this point, a reporter asked a question has shared in that growth, not just States in Spanish, and a translation was not pro- on the border. Michigan, Illinois, Ohio, vided.] New York, and Pennsylvania are among the top 10 exporters to Mexico along with Cali- President Bush. Well, I’m embarrassed to fornia, Texas, and Arizona. say I don’t have any late details on that. By building together the largest free trad- Financial institutions participating in Mexico ing region in the world, Mexico, the United have been on the agenda, and there have States, and Canada are working to ensure been discussions of that, but I don’t get a that the future will bring increased prosper- feeling that that will be a stumbling block ity, trade, and new jobs for the citizens of to any agreement. each of our countries. And because our trade ministers and their teams have made Alvarez-Machain Case impressive progress in recent weeks, we [At this point, a reporter asked a question agreed that our meeting today marks the in Spanish, and a translation was not pro- beginning of the final stage of negotiations. vided.] A fitting analogy: We’re in the ninth inning. President Bush. Is that addressed to me? In the spirit of this evening’s All-Star Game, Yes, that matter was discussed. The Su- we are literally entering the top of the preme Court decrees the law of the land ninth. President Salinas and I have in- in our country. I know it’s caused great structed our trade ministers to meet on July hardship and great concern south of our 25th to bring this final stage of negotiations border. I made very clear to President Sali- to an early and successful conclusion. And nas that we have no intention of doing any- we’ve consulted with our friend Canadian thing of that nature again. I also repeated Prime Minister Brian Mulroney, and he has the heinous nature of the crime, and I’m similarly instructed his trade minister. sure the people of Mexico feel just as We also agreed on the importance of strongly as we do here about it. pressing ahead with parallel efforts to en- So what we’re trying to do is work this sure that the NAFTA enhances environ- matter out in a way that will salve the un- mental quality and that labor issues are ad- derstandable concern that President Salinas dressed effectively. very frankly brought home to me. He told Mr. President, it’s been a joy to see you me this is a serious matter. He is a very again, sir, and thank you for coming back frank man; that’s one reason I have such to the United States. The floor is yours. respect for him. So we are going to try to President Salinas. We had a lot of issues resolve this, to lay every fear to rest, and on the agenda: trade, North American free I tried to do that with a very open letter, trade agreement, the award rendered by the Supreme Court of Justice recently, the envi- a letter that I wrote from the heart to the ronment, fisheries, border crossings, President. But yes, we had very frank dis- amongst others. The dialog was open, frank, cussions about it. direct, respectful, a dialog which was held Q. President Bush, could you give us—— on the issues that have brought in certain President Bush. We were going to just tension in our relation and also on the issues take two each, Randall [Randall Pinkston, that might enable us to have more bene- CBS News]. But I’ll come back to you. But ficial relations for both nations. we need two for President Salinas; then I’ll Mr. President Bush, I’m very grateful for take Randall. And then we’re going to the your hospitality. ball game. President Bush. The President and I [At this point, a question was asked and agreed we’d each take two questions. Then answered in Spanish, and a translation was

1116 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / July 14 not provided.] has said, but I would simply add for the President Bush. Randall? gentleman that asked the question, not in an effort to slow things down but put things Unauthorized Campaign Organization in perspective, to those that say you just Q. President Bush, a two-parter, sir. Be- haven’t gone quick enough, the Canadian yond filing a complaint with the FEC, what agreement with the United States took 39 else can you do to stop Floyd Brown? And months to negotiate. And we’ve been work- how do you respond to the family of Susan ing this problem for 27. Coleman who believes that you have the Now, please do not take that as kind of power to stop him and his organization and a ‘‘Ho-hum, that gives us 12 more months.’’ their so-called dirty campaign tactics? That’s not the way we’re looking at it. But President Bush. The problem is we don’t I do think it’s important to put it in perspec- have the power. We will do whatever we tive. We want to get it done as quick as can to stop any filthy campaign tactics. We possible. And I will repeat here what I told have spoken out against it. We have written Mexico’s distinguished President, and that the contributors. Our record is clean on it, is there is no American politics on my side, and for anyone to suggest differently is in- our administration’s side, that suggests any- sidious. But we will do everything we can thing other than the promptest possible that’s in the law to see that this man does conclusion of a deal. And there isn’t any not use my name in raising funds for these politics. For those who, in the American nefarious purposes. I’ve said it over and scene, say, ‘‘Well, you shouldn’t do it for over again, and I’ll keep saying it. And we’re politics,’’ they’re wrong. It is in the interest trying to file with the FEC or whatever else of the United States of America to conclude we can do. But the law is fairly complicated this deal tomorrow if we can get it done. on this. We went through this once before But I just wanted to add the dates, the with this person, and we’re going to do time, so neither the Mexican negotiators nor whatever we can to stop it. the United States negotiators will be casti- Q. Is a lawsuit possible, sir, beyond the gated by our silence on this. They’re work- FEC complaint? ing hard. We’ve urged them to just go right President Bush. I don’t know what—law- down to the wire now as soon as possible. yers are talking about it now, and I think I gave you the dates in my statement. But we’ve gone into the FEC to try to condemn I do think we need to look at it in perspec- it. But whether that has to be the first step, tive. Having said that, I want it done and Randall, I’m sorry, I just rely on our lawyers done soon. to tell me that when I get back. Thank you all very, very much. Trade Negotiations [At this point, a question was asked and Note: President Bush’s 135th news con- answered in Spanish, and a translation was ference began at 4:10 p.m. in the California not provided.] Room at the San Diego Mission. President President Bush. With your permission, Salinas spoke in Spanish, and his remarks may I add to that? The question, for those were translated by an interpreter. During North American reporters who do not speak the news conference, President Bush re- Spanish, related to the timing of NAFTA. ferred to Floyd Brown, chairman, Presi- And I concur with what President Salinas dential Victory Committee.

Statement on Meeting With President Carlos Salinas of Mexico July 14, 1992

President Salinas and I had an extremely gotiations among our two countries and constructive discussion of the status of ne- Canada to create a North American free

1117 July 14 / Administration of George Bush, 1992 trade area (NAFTA). We reaffirmed our ing region in the world, Mexico, the United commitment to reaching a sound NAFTA States, and Canada are working to ensure agreement as soon as possible. Let me just that the future will bring increased prosper- say a word about the importance of this ity, trade, and new jobs for the citizens of historic undertaking. each of our countries. Because our trade We live in a global economy. The fastest ministers and their teams have made im- growing sector of the American economy pressive progress in recent weeks, we today is our export sector, and Mexico is agreed that our meeting today marks the the fastest growing market for U.S. exports beginning of the final stage of negotiations. in the world. U.S. merchandise exports to In the spirit of this evening’s All-Star Game, Mexico have increased 22 percent per year we are entering the top of the ninth inning for each of the last 5 years, twice as fast of negotiations. President Salinas and I have as U.S. exports worldwide. Having added over 300,000 new jobs to our economy since instructed our trade ministers to meet on 1986, we now have over 600,000 total U.S. July 25 to bring this final stage of negotia- jobs built on our exports to Mexico. Califor- tions to an early and successful conclusion. nia alone exported $5.5 billion in goods and We have consulted with Canadian Prime services to Mexico last year. Virtually every Minister Mulroney, and he has similarly in- State has shared in that growth, not just structed his trade minister. States on the border. Michigan, Illinois, We also agreed on the importance of Ohio, New York, and Pennsylvania are pressing ahead with parallel efforts to assure among the top 10 exporters to Mexico along that the NAFTA enhances environmental with California, Texas, and Arizona. quality and that labor issues are addressed By building together the largest free trad- effectively.

Nomination of John Cameron Monjo To Be United States Ambassador to Pakistan July 14, 1992

The President today announced his inten- retary for East Asian and Pacific Affairs, tion to nominate John Cameron Monjo, of 1983–85; Deputy Chief of Mission in Ja- Maryland, a career member of the Senior karta, Indonesia, 1982–83; Deputy Chief of Foreign Service, class of Career Minister, Mission in Seoul, Korea, 1979–82; and to be Ambassador of the United States of country director for East Asian and Pacific America to the Islamic Republic of Paki- Affairs in the Office of Philippine Affairs, stan. He would succeed Nicholas Platt. 1978–79. Since 1989 Ambassador Monjo has served Ambassador Monjo graduated from the as Ambassador to Indonesia. Prior to this University of Pennsylvania (B.A., 1953). He he served as Ambassador to Malaysia, 1987– served in the U.S. Navy from 1953 to 1956. 89. He has held several positions at the De- He was born July 17, 1931, in Stamford, partment of State, including Senior Deputy CT. Ambassador Monjo is married, has two Assistant Secretary for East Asian and Pa- children, and resides in Washington, DC. cific Affairs, 1985–87; Deputy Assistant Sec-

1118 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / July 16

Nomination of Walter Scott Blackburn To Be a Member of the Board of Directors of the National Institute of Building Sciences July 14, 1992

The President today announced his inten- From 1967 to 1974, he served as principal tion to nominate Walter Scott Blackburn, with Snyder, Blackburn and Associates Ar- of Indiana, to be a member of the Board chitects, Inc. of Directors of the National Institute of Mr. Blackburn graduated from Howard Building Sciences for a term expiring Sep- University School of Architecture and Engi- tember 7, 1993. He would succeed Kyle neering (bachelor of architecture, 1963). He Clayton Boone. was born February 21, 1938, in Indianap- Since 1974 Mr. Blackburn has served as olis, IN. Mr. Blackburn is married, has president and owner of Blackburn Associ- three children, and resides in Indianapolis, ates Architects, Inc., in Indianapolis, IN. IN.

Remarks in Boulder, Wyoming, on Ross Perot’s Withdrawal From the Presidential Campaign July 16, 1992

This is the President. I just called Ross into our campaign. As I say, we share those Perot. On a very personal basis, I congratu- principles. We need their help bringing lated him. I told him I understood how dif- about the implementation of these prin- ficult a decision it must have been. I told ciples. him that he had really and truly energized Many of the Perot supporters were basi- an awful lot of people. cally conservative people. They were people Obviously, I told him I would welcome that are worried about the values of family, his support and the support of all those who that were worried about the economy and have been out there working for him. I con- the need to get these deficits under control, gratulated him on the excitement that he the need to do something different about brought to the race, particularly the way he the neighborhoods. So I believe that we will energized the volunteers. It is rather signifi- have an opportunity to make clear to these cant and certainly unique in these times people that they should feel at home with what he was able to do, encouraging these us as we start the campaign after the Re- volunteers. publican Convention. Now we will make it clear to all those Perot supporters that we share many of Note: The President spoke at 11:10 a.m. to their same principles and that we want their reporters by telephone from Secretary of support and that we welcome them warmly State James A. Baker’s ranch.

The President’s News Conference in Pinedale, Wyoming July 16, 1992

The President. Thank you all for coming Perot; congratulated him on the way he has over. And let me just say that I this morn- energized so many people in the political ing, after receiving the news, called Ross process; told him that, of course, I would

1119 July 16 / Administration of George Bush, 1992 welcome his support and the support of Q. Can you explain your optimism? those who have gotten behind him. We The President. Yes, because I think a lot share the same principles with many of of people that supported Ross want to see those people. And we’re going to work hard the kinds of changes that I want to see. to win them over, get their support. But They recognized in him a dynamic figure it was a good phone call, and I probably that could energize voters. But when it gets will be talking to Mr. Perot again before down to the issues, I think they’re going too long. to be much more on my side than on the But I see this as a positive development side of the Democratic ticket. in a sense because I am convinced that the Q. Mr. President, do you believe this de- conservatives who are supporting Ross velopment helps you in the long run? Perot, the legions of conservative people, The President. Yes, I think it does. will end up being with me because I think Q. Why exactly, because your aides have they share the same values that I speak been saying that they thought he took votes about, the same principles that we put for- away from Clinton. And now you’re saying ward, and the same desire to change this it helps you that he’s out. economy and get things moving again. The President. Well, I don’t know what So it was a good conversation and a very my aides have been saying, but I can read interesting and fascinating development in the surveys like anybody else can. I think a very turbulent political year. it helps us, and I think most people think Presidential Campaign so. Q. Mr. President, did he indicate to you Q. You said you’d be talking to Perot whether he would ever throw his support again, Mr. President—— to either you or to Mr. Clinton? What did The President. What? he say? Q. You said you’d be talking to Mr. Perot The President. No, there was no indica- again. What will that be about? tion of that at all. The President. We were sitting out, like Q. Mr. President, even before Ross Perot on top of that mountain, although not that appeared on the political scene, the ‘‘right very mountain. It was a little hard to—we track, wrong track’’ numbers in the polls had a disconnect on the conversation. were going in the wrong direction. The ma- Q. Also, Mr. President, there have been jority of the American people felt the coun- persistent speculations that at some point try was headed in the wrong direction. How Secretary Baker would come over to your do you account for that, and what do you campaign. intend to do about it? The President. I’ve read those specula- The President. I think the economy has tions, yes. been the main reason for that. The econ- Q. Will you resolve that once and for all omy has been sluggish. There are obviously here today? signs that the recovery is underway. Many The President. No, I can’t resolve it here people have not felt that recovery. And I today at all. am absolutely convinced that when you have Q. Why not? a long, drawn-out recession, when people’s The President. I know nobody will believe family are hurting, this accounts for that. this, but it is 3 o’clock in Wyoming, and Q. Mr. President, the Vice President criti- honestly I have not talked about that with cized Ross Perot as a temperamental tycoon Jim Baker yet. without respect for the Constitution. And Q. So the option is open, Mr. President? other members of your administration and The President. Always when I’m talking campaign have been critical of him. Don’t to an old, trusted friend, all options are you think his supporters are going to be open about what I talk about. But what hap- a little bit mad at you when they think pens, that’s pure speculation. That subject about who to turn to? has not come up. The President. No, I don’t think so. No, Q. Does the option remain that Mr. I don’t. Baker would join the campaign——

1120 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / July 16

The President. No, there’s no options port. open or closed on it. I just haven’t discussed Q. Mr. President, Ross Perot spoke of the it. revitalization of the Democratic Party as the Q. In that case, why don’t you foreclose reason that he was pulling out. You’ve obvi- it, stop all the speculation? ously watched the convention and Clinton. The President. Because I don’t feel in- Do you see that revitalization—— clined to do that. I’m going to win this elec- The President. I beg your pardon. I have tion, and I want the best possible team not watched the convention. around me. Jim Baker’s doing a superb job Q. Have not seen any of the convention as Secretary of State, and he’s off on a very at all? important mission Saturday. So he’s got a The President. Have not seen it at all, full portfolio right as it is. But who knows? not seen it. I’ve read some clippings about I don’t know. it, but I’ve not listened to it nor watched Q. Can I follow up on that? The concerns it. about Secretary Baker coming back to the Q. You’re just not interested? campaign, a lot of them come from a cam- The President. Same as I did 4 years ago. paign that feels that they just haven’t been Just want a little respite. able to get the job done. And now that Q. When he said revitalization of the you’re moving past the Democratic Conven- Democratic Party, he indicated by saying tion toward the Republican one, do you that perhaps he would like to see these peo- change tactics? Do you have a new strategy ple go more toward Clinton than you, al- now? With that rally tomorrow in Wyoming, though he didn’t say anything about you. is that to begin the tougher candidacy? When he talked to you—— The President. No, I’ve said that a lot of The President. Well, I didn’t hear that my own personal campaigning and how I comment at all. What I thought he said, campaign will be on hold until after the what I was told that he said for not continu- Republican Convention. ing to run was that he wouldn’t be able Q. Mr. President, how exactly did you to get the votes that he would need if the hear about this announcement? Were you race was thrown into the House, and he sitting fishing in a creek or what? felt that it would be if he remained in the The President. I was fishing in a creek, race. and one of our aides came, I believe it was Q. Did he indicate to you at all in his the military aide, and said that there was telephone call how he felt the voters should going to be a press conference in a few go? minutes and that it was widely reported in The President. No. No indication whatso- advance of the press conference that Mr. ever. Perot intended to withdraw. I didn’t hear Q. Years ago, you and Ross Perot were the press conference. We’ve not listened to friends, or at least just acquaintances. Are the television. I have not listened to the you going to put all this behind you, no radio. I did, however, get a report, second- hard feelings? Can you do that? hand report, on the press conference and The President. Yes, I am. then after that placed a call to him. Q. How can you do that? Q. What exactly was your reaction when The President. I always do that, Ann [Ann you heard it? Compton, ABC News]. I always do that. I The President. I was surprised. I was sur- don’t like to lose friends over politics. I prised because Ross Perot has energized a never have. I’ve always turned the other lot of people in this country. He’s gotten cheek, and I’ve always tried to make new a lot of volunteers involved. You could feel friends. And I don’t think that’s bad. I think it. And incidentally, there was some show that’s a sign of character, not a sign of weak- of that out in San Diego. But I didn’t detect ness. any personal animosity from the people. I Q. Mr. President, can you tell us anything detect a great enthusiasm for Ross Perot. about what Ross Perot said to you? Were And that’s one reason I think we have a you able to hear him at all? fertile field in which to hunt for more sup- The President. I heard fairly well. He had

1121 July 16 / Administration of George Bush, 1992 a little difficulty. He told me it was breaking Q. You surprised by that? up. But no, he just said he appreciated the The President. Yes, I was surprised. I was phone call and was very pleasant. But there surprised. was no substance discussed. Q. Mr. President, this campaign, with Mr. Q. What did he say when you said you’d Perot out now, does seem to present per- be delighted to have his support? haps a starker choice than it did in the past. The President. Well, didn’t say anything. Is that going to change the way in which I didn’t put it in the form that I was await- you approach the next 3 months? ing an answer at that very moment. It was The President. Well, it’s happened so soon more—I just mentioned it. that I haven’t had a chance to talk to any President’s Vacation strategists about that. But clearly a two-way race is more traditional in the sense of Q. Mr. President, you said that you hadn’t American politics. And I think in the final discussed with Secretary Baker the possibil- analysis that I’ll win this race. I think people ity of him coming over to your campaign. will look at the big picture, the whole pic- The President. That’s true. ture, and I believe we’ll win. I think our Q. What besides fishing have you been values are right. I think the fact that kids talking to him about up to—— go to bed with a little less fear about nu- The President. Family. I had a son up clear war these days, I think that’s extraor- here. The joy of fishing with your son in dinarily positive. I think the economy’s a river in Wyoming, I’ll tell you, it’s hard tough, but I think what we’ve proposed to to compare with anything. And he has his correct it is going to prove to be better son Jamie here, and Susan Baker is here. than the opponent’s. Barbara’s not here. She catches headaches So I’m prepared to take my case to the at altitude, and so she didn’t come. But we American people in the fall with renewed just fished, talking about fishing. confidence. And I believe that I’ll win this You know, when you’re out in a river with race. a friend, it doesn’t matter much what you Q. Did you talk with Mr. Teeter, and talk about. And I’ve concluded, not just be- what did he tell you? cause of my own record, it doesn’t matter The President. You mean after the Perot whether you catch any fish or not. You’re thing? there, and you’re in the outdoors, and Q. That’s right. you’re away from all the hubbub of, I think, The President. Did not talk to him. Talked one of the ugliest political years I’ve ever to him last night, but I didn’t talk to him seen. And I’ve been around the track a long since the Perot matter. time. You forget about your day-to-day cares. And it’s been a total joy for me. Q. Mr. President, what do you think Now, all this development today has kind would have happened had he stayed in the of changed this day a little bit from yester- race? If it had gone to the House, do you day. But it’s been most enjoyable. So I think you might have lost? couldn’t even tell you what we talked about. The President. I didn’t ever think it would We joke. We have fun. We reminisce. Jim go to the House. Baker and I go back a long, long time. And Q. Mr. President, one more. Now that our families are interlocked. Our kids are Clinton is officially your opponent, what do friends. you have to say about him? The President. I’m reading the clips and Presidential Campaign listening all fall, all winter long. And I’ll Q. Do you think the campaign will be be prepared at the appropriate time to com- less ugly now? ment on that. The President. I hadn’t felt that it’s been Q. Did you congratulate him on the tele- hyper-ugly, the campaign itself. phone? Did you call him? Q. Did you discuss Ed Rollins’ decision? The President. Congratulate Clinton? The President. Didn’t come up. Didn’t Q. Yes, sir. come up. The President. On what?

1122 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / July 16

Q. On winning the nomination, I suppose. The President. Well, the Israeli election The President. Oh no, I forgot to do that. was a lot about that. And I can’t comment [Laughter] But maybe I can do that now. on the statement. I’ve not seen it. But I’m He fought hard, and he won his party’s looking forward to receiving the Prime Min- nomination. Having been there before my- ister of Israel and hopefully in the next cou- self, I can say that’s no mean achievement. ple of weeks, next 2 or 3 weeks. I’ve But I’m perfectly glad to do that. And then pledged to work to strengthen the very im- we’ll go to general quarters in the fall be- portant relationship between the two coun- cause we differ on almost everything on the tries. But I just can’t comment on that par- issues, but we’re going to keep it on the ticular because literally I’m—I’ve seen some issues. clips, some summaries, what they call a Q. Are you more optimistic now about White House News Summary. But I’ve not the two-party system than you might have read the papers. I have not watched tele- been when Perot hit a high point? vision. Sorry, Ann. And I have not listened The President. I don’t believe I ever lost to the radio on this. That’s why I’m in such confidence in the two-party system because a wonderfully relaxed mood. And now I when you look back at our country and then want to go back and catch a few more fish. compare it to democracies around the world President’s Vacation or other systems, we’ve had the most stable possible political system for 200 years. And Q. How many fish did you catch, sir? for most of that you had a viable, strong The President. It is an unimpressive two-party system. I think in the final analy- record. However, here’s my side of it. sis, the American people understand that. [Laughter] I would like you to—no, I That has not been in focus up to this point. caught two or three yesterday—three, and But I’ve not lost confidence in it. And I two today. But it’s not—it’s the hunt as well just think that it has served our country well as catching the fish. It’s trying to put the for a long time. I do think that the question fly right where you think the action is and mark of going to the House having been standing there in the beauty of this mar- removed, that clarifies things for the Amer- velous country of ours, standing in the mid- ican electorate and makes it easier in a dle of a stream. And it’s very hard to de- sense because I think in some people’s scribe. But for people that love the outdoors minds there was some doubt about that. as I do, love this West as I do, why, they’ll I think Judy’s [Judy A. Smith, Deputy know what I mean. It’s not catching the Press Secretary] trying to get some—— fish. It’s being out there in nature with na- Q. Is that a valid reason for dropping out, ture all around you. as Mr. Perot said, the fear of—— Q. How’s Jim Baker’s cooking? The President. I would leave that to him. The President. Not near as good as his Q. Mr. President, will you debate Mr. Secretary-of-State-ship. But his wife’s cook- Clinton, and would you favor a Vice Presi- ing is superb. dential debate in the fall campaign? Let me say hello to these guys. Thank The President. I expect there will be both. you all for coming.

Israel Note: The President’s 136th news conference Q. Any comment on the Israeli announce- began at 2:50 p.m. at the U.S. Air Force ment on the settlements? Pinedale Seismic Research Facility. In the The President. No. If you’d help me with news conference, the following persons were what announcement you’re talking about. referred to: Robert Teeter, campaign chair- Q. I believe they’ve announced they’re man, Bush-Quayle ’92; and Ed Rollins, freezing settlements. former Perot campaign cochairman.

1123 July 16 / Administration of George Bush, 1992

Letter to Congressional Leaders Reporting on Iraq’s Compliance With United Nations Security Council Resolutions July 16, 1992

Dear Mr. Speaker: (Dear Mr. President:) Muthanna Establishment. The operation Consistent with the Authorization for Use will be run by a large multinational group, of Military Force Against Iraq Resolution including two Americans. UNSCOM esti- (Public Law 102–1), and as part of my con- mates the operation will take 12 to 18 tinuing effort to keep the Congress fully in- months to complete. A second combined formed, I am again reporting on the status chemical and biological weapons team was of efforts to obtain compliance by Iraq with in Iraq from June 26 to July 4 conducting the resolutions adopted by the U.N. Secu- inspections and destroying dual-use chemi- rity Council. cal production equipment. Since the events described in my report From May 14 to 22, the 11th ballistic mis- of May 15, 1992, the Iraqi Government has sile team inspected five sites, completed provided what it terms a ‘‘full, final, and verification of Iraqi destruction of SCUD complete’’ disclosure of its programs for missile production and launcher compo- weapons of mass destruction (WMD). The nents, and verified the destruction of missile Iraqi report, which reached the United Na- production equipment. The 12th ballistic tions 2 months after it was originally prom- missile team is in Iraq from July 9 to 17 ised, is now under review by the United to inspect undeclared sites. Nations Special Commission on Iraq We view with particular concern the re- (UNSCOM) and the International Atomic fusal by Iraqi authorities to grant immediate Energy Agency (IAEA). The preliminary as- access by UNSCOM inspectors to the Agri- sessment of these organizations is that the cultural Ministry in early July. The Presi- Iraqis have provided little new information. dent of the U.N. Security Council has char- The Iraqis also have provided the United acterized this refusal as a material and unac- Nations with a ‘‘Compliance and Monitoring ceptable breach of Resolution 687. We are Report,’’ which aims to satisfy the require- resolved that Iraq must not be allowed to ment of U.N. Security Council Resolution defy the Security Council and evade its re- 175 for a list of all sites subject to long- sponsibilities under this resolution. term monitoring. UNSCOM is assessing this Continued Iraqi intransigence with re- report. spect to compliance with the relevant U.N. As of July 1, UNSCOM and IAEA have Security Council resolutions led UNSCOM conducted 38 inspections in all four weap- to initiate a program of aerial surveillance ons categories. From May 26 to June 4, the of WMD activity in Iraq on June 21. Utiliz- 12th nuclear inspection team oversaw the ing UNSCOM’s German helicopters, two to destruction of three buildings at the al three flights will be flown per week, with Atheer nuclear weapons fabrication facility. five to six sites covered on each flight; this It also inspected uranium enrichment sites program will provide more immediate and at Tarmiya and Ash Sharqat to prepare for accurate information about Iraqi facilities. the destruction and the rendering harmless We strongly favor this aggressive approach of utilities and ventilation systems during by UNSCOM, which will broaden the 13th inspection in July. The Iraqi Gov- UNSCOM’s ability to find suspect sites as ernment continues to refuse IAEA requests well as conduct long-term monitoring. for records detailing foreign suppliers of its UNSCOM continues to face a shortage nuclear weapons program. of funds. U.S. efforts to alleviate this prob- A small Chemical Destruction Group en- lem will result in payment of approximately tered Iraq on June 19. This team will spend $30 million for UNSCOM by the end of several months in Iraq establishing a base July. Discussions are ongoing with other na- and overseeing the long-term destruction of tions regarding contributions by them to Iraqi chemical agents and weapons at the UNSCOM.

1124 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / July 16

Since my last report, there has been fur- to potential U.S. claimants the form for ther progress at the U.N. Compensation claims of individuals over $100,000 (Form Commission concerning preparations for the D) and continued to collect and review processing of claims from individuals, cor- small claims. porations, other entities, governments, and In accordance with paragraph 20 of Reso- international organizations that suffered di- lution 687, the Sanctions Committee contin- rect loss or damage as a result of Iraq’s ues to receive notice of shipments of food- unlawful invasion and occupation of Kuwait. stuffs to Iraq. The Sanctions Committee The Governing Council of the Commission also continues to consider and, when appro- held its sixth session in Geneva from June priate, approve requests to send to Iraq ma- 22 to 26 and has scheduled further meetings terials and supplies for essential civilian in September and December. (A meeting needs. Iraq, in contrast, has for months tentatively set for November has been can- maintained a full embargo against its north- celled.) At its June session, the Council ap- ern provinces. Iraq has also refused to uti- proved the final part of the rules of proce- lize the opportunity under Resolutions 706 dure (the first three parts were approved and 712 to sell $1.6 billion in oil, most of in March). The entire set of rules was then the proceeds from which could be used by issued as a Council decision. The rules pro- Iraq to purchase foodstuffs, medicines, ma- vide a practical, nontechnical system for terials, and supplies for essential civilian processing claims. The Council also decided needs of its civilian population. The Iraqi that members of the Allied Coalition Armed authorities bear full responsibility for any Forces who were prisoners of war and mis- suffering in Iraq that results from their retreated in violation of international humani- fusal to implement Resolutions 706 and 712. tarian law, including the 1949 Geneva Con- ventions, are eligible for compensation in Through the International Committee of accordance with the claims criteria pre- the Red Cross (ICRC), the United States, viously adopted. Kuwait, and our allies continue to press the The Council continued its discussion of Government of Iraq to comply with its obli- the ‘‘embargo loss’’ issue and agreed on a gations under Security Council resolutions statement for the record promising that the to return all detained Kuwaiti and third- issue of priority of payments would be con- country nationals. Likewise, the United sidered. Also during the session of June 22 States and its allies continue to press the to 26, the Commission released to govern- Government of Iraq to return to Kuwait all ments the form for corporate claims (Form property and equipment removed from Ku- E). The Council also reviewed the draft wait by Iraq. Iraq continues to resist full form for claims from governments and cooperation on these issues and to resist un- international organizations (Form F). The qualified ICRC access to detention facilities Executive Secretary reported that the $2 in Iraq. million loan from the Kuwaiti Government Mindful of the finding of the U.N. Secu- has been received, and the Commission has rity Council in Resolution 688 that Iraq’s received another $1 million as a result of repression of its civilian population threat- the U.S. contribution to the United Nations ens international peace and security in the for activities under Resolution 687. The fi- region, we will continue to monitor carefully nancial impasse of the past several months, the treatment of Iraq’s citizens in concert however, has cost valuable time in develop- with our Coalition partners, and together ing computer software and other key we remain prepared to take appropriate projects. Now that operating funds have steps if the situation requires. To this end, been received, the Secretariat will press we will continue to maintain an appropriate ahead and try to recover as much lost time level of forces in the region for as long as as possible. On June 26, the United States required by the situation in Iraq. filed its first set of 200 claims with the I remain grateful for the support of the Commission; altogether 10 governments Congress for these efforts, and I look for- filed claims by the end of the week. Mean- ward to continued cooperation toward while, the Department of State distributed achieving our mutual objectives.

1125 July 16 / Administration of George Bush, 1992

Sincerely, Note: Identical letters were sent to Thomas S. Foley, Speaker of the House of Represent- atives, and Dan Quayle, President of the GEORGE BUSH Senate.

Remarks to the Community in Jackson Hole, Wyoming July 17, 1992

Thank you very very much for that warm ting over here. Someone told me that an- welcome. Let me just say at the beginning other man I was proud to have served with, of these remarks how grateful I am for the Jim Watt, is here, a member of this commu- congressional delegation that I work with nity, and I salute him and wish him the in Washington. If we had more men like best of everything. the Congressman that just introduced me, Let me tell you this: With all the hue Craig Thomas, if we had more like him in and cry of politics, I cannot think of a better the House, I guarantee you this country way to spend a Friday noon, Friday after- would be moving forward faster with oppor- noon—the big sky and the hot sun, this fan- tunity for all. I salute Malcolm Wallop, who tastic view, this marvelous helping of baked I don’t think is with us today, but also my beans and coleslaw, not a single piece of dear friend Al Simpson, who stands tall, all broccoli anywhere on that whole table. right; we saw that. But he’s out there for [Laughter] principle in the United States Senate. And In the line over there somebody asked he’s a close personal friend, he and Ann, me if I wanted to comment on this week’s to Barbara and me. That disproves the the- big event, the one that captured the imagi- ory that goes like this: Well, if you want nation of millions of TV viewers. And to a dog in Washington—I mean, want a friend be brutally honest, I thought the All-Star in Washington, get a dog. [Laughter] My Game would be a lot closer than it was. view is we’ve got the Simpsons and several [Laughter] others like them. May I thank the Bar-J Wranglers down Let me just make a few comments be- there, who did a great job, and the Jackson cause, seriously, it was an important week Hole Community Band and others who in American politics. And I salute the oppo- make this very, very special. I told the sition. They ran a good show there, and I Mayor, Bill Westbrook, because I was sit- don’t think there’s any reason to be bitter ting next to him here at barbecue, that for or small about all of that. me this is a very special change of pace. But I want to say a word about yesterday’s I don’t want to argue with my friend Al happening and about Ross Perot and that Simpson, but we’re not quite into the one- surprising announcement yesterday. I admit on-one competitive mode yet. I’m going to that as the incumbent President of the hold back a little bit until after the Repub- United States that it’s tempting to quietly lican Convention. And then we’re going applaud the fact that this strange year, this after it. We’re going to win this election strange political year, has suddenly become, because I’m going to take the case to the quote, normal. But I can’t do that. The American people for sure. grassroots fervor of the Perot supporters I want to salute Senator Cliff Hanson, transcends what we call politics as usual. who is with us; his wife, Martha. Another You see, a vote was taken this spring and Nebraska Senator is here, Senator Curtis, summer in America. No ballots were cast, another good friend. And I’d be remiss if but a vote was taken. No polls opened, but I didn’t single out Estelle Stacy Carrier, a referendum took place nonetheless. No- with whom I worked when I was chairman body won this election, but politics lost. Pol- of the Republican National Committee, sit- itics lost because it’s become increasingly

1126 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / July 17 irrelevant to many Americans. Its language ate incentives for the people in the busi- is not understood around our kitchen tables. nesses who create jobs and give them access Politics for too many people has become to the new markets that are opening all synonymous with slogans, posturing, and it’s around the world. come to mean the opposite of progress. I also believe that we have to restore the Today I have a message for anyone who traditional American values that have held supported Ross Perot and any American our society together for 200 years. You who identifies with that frustration that know what they are. We’re talking about brought them together: I hear you. You’ve respect. We’re talking about knowing the come through loud and clear. And Ross difference between right and wrong. We’re used to like to say two words more than talking about helping our neighbors, putting any others, ‘‘you,’’ meaning the people, the family, the American family, first, and ‘‘you’’ and ‘‘win.’’ And today I can say to putting our faith in something larger than his supporters, while politics as usual may ourselves. I happen to know a silver-haired have lost, you have won. I hear the voices philosopher who is not with us today named in so many accents say attention must be Barbara Bush. She says this, that what hap- paid to our jobs, our schools, our families. pens in your house is more important than Attention must be paid to our future. I hear what happens in the White House. It is far that call, and more than that, I share that more important than what happens in the frustration. White House. That is true. In my first term in office I have learned I believe Government can be a force to that it is far easier to convince the leaders strengthen our families. And Government of diverse nations to mobilize to confront can reward work, not welfare dependency. a tyrant than to convince the Congress to Welfare can encourage families not to fall approve a relatively small tax incentive so apart but to stick together. Government can that Americans, young Americans, can buy give families in Wyoming and in every other that first home. And we are going to keep State the option of deciding where our chil- fighting for those young Americans. dren should go to school, a church school, I say this not to bash the United States a private school, or a public school, wher- Congress but to tell you that the view from ever their parents choose. That is the Amer- the White House looks the same as the view ican way. from your front porch. And the system I also believe that we must restore respect needs repair. My message to the disillu- for the law. It is not enough to have peace sioned and the disaffected is simple: Don’t in the world if people don’t feel safe in walk away from the system. Don’t assume their own backyards. What do you say to that without a protest vote there is no vote an elderly woman who watches the Berlin at all. The solution to our challenges today Wall fall on television but is afraid to walk is the same that America has turned to so to her grocery store? What do you say to many times before, that mixture of values, a 10-year-old kid who hears of the Russians experience, and ideas that we call leader- reducing nuclear weapons and then has to ship. walk through a metal detector at school What kind of leadership do we need? I every morning? You say, ‘‘Enough is believe that our first priority is to provide enough.’’ Let’s put an end to the lawless- more economic opportunity for more peo- ness, and let’s put an end to the drug use ple. You see, too many people have worked that results in so much of this illegal behav- for a company for 20 years only to worry ior. that the next mail is going to bring in a So this is the kind of action I propose pink slip. Too many parents have saved to today, right now, to shake up the system send their kids to college only to find that and let America realize the opportunity be- once graduated, a kid can’t get a good job. fore us. I am not pessimistic about the The first order of business is to get the United States of America. We are the best Federal deficit down by cutting Federal and the finest, and we have lots to be proud spending. And I need more help in that of. Help me move this country forward. end. And yes, I believe that we should cre- I know it’s not going to be easy. For 3

1127 July 17 / Administration of George Bush, 1992 years now I’ve proposed dramatic changes values, comes to faith. I’m lecturing to the in each of these areas that I mentioned choir with this group assembled. And I today and run into roadblocks that Senator thank those with the civic clubs that have Simpson talked about. But as I said, politics drawn this magnificent crowd together. But as usual can be no more. You want action, I am going to take this message of hope and you want change. To anyone who wants and opportunity all across the country. Four to block that change, I say what you say, years from now, when I come back for a ‘‘Get out of our way and let America move little more trout fishing, I look forward to forward once again.’’ standing before you to say, ‘‘Mission accom- For all our challenges, America’s potential plished.’’ We are America. We can get the really has never been greater. If we can get job done. I need your help. our economy moving faster and restore our May I just simply say thank you for this families and take back our streets, our po- fantastic Wyoming hospitality. And may tential is as tall as the mountains that sur- God bless the United States of America, the round us. And can we do it? You bet. I greatest, freest, fairest country on the face believe we can. I’m confident we can. If of the Earth. we can topple the Berlin Wall and if we Thank you all, and good luck. Thank you can build a sturdy economy and if we can very much. Thank you so much for a great lift the Iron Curtain and if we can bring welcome. What a wonderful way to come down the curtain on new-age values, if we out of the mountains and see the real peo- can help people walk the streets free in ple that make this country great. Thank you Eastern Europe, we can take back the so much. streets of America. And we must get that job done. If we can revive a world’s faith Note: The President spoke at 12:05 p.m. at in freedom, we can repair the American sys- Jackson Hole Airport. In his remarks, he tem. And this is our mission. It’s to renew referred to Senator Malcolm Wallop; Estelle America, to complete the dream. Stacy Carrier, former secretary of the Re- I have a feeling that I’m lecturing to the publican National Committee; and James choir when it comes to family, comes to Watt, former Secretary of the Interior.

Nomination of Harriet Winsar Isom To Be United States Ambassador to Cameroon July 17, 1992

The President today announced his inten- pant in the senior seminar at the State De- tion to nominate Harriet Winsar Isom, of partment, 1981–82; political counselor at Oregon, a career member of the Senior the American Embassy in Jakarta, Indo- Foreign Service, class of Minister-Coun- nesia, 1978–81; and consul of the American selor, to be Ambassador of the United consulate in Medan, Sumatra, Indonesia, States of America to the Republic of Cam- 1977–78. eroon. She would succeed Frances D. Cook. Ambassador Isom graduated from Mills Since 1989, Ambassador Isom has served College (B.A., 1958) and Fletcher School as Ambassador to the Republic of Benin. of Law and Diplomacy (M.A.L.D., 1960). She has also served as Charge´ d’Affaires at She was born November 4, 1936, in the American Embassy in Vientiane, Laos, Heppner, OR. Ambassador Isom currently 1986–89; Director of Korean Affairs at the resides in Echo, OR. State Department, 1984–86; senior assignments officer with the Bureau of Personnel at the State Department, 1982–84; a partici-

1128 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / July 18

Remarks and a Question-and-Answer Session With Outdoor Groups in Salt Lake City, Utah July 18, 1992

The President. Well, I came prepared proposed or added 20 new national parks, with a few cheaters because on this beau- proposed or added 57 new wildlife refuges, tiful day it is most fitting and appropriate added 1.5 million new acres to the national that we talk about the environment, with parks, and added 6.4 million acres to the the emphasis on those that like the outdoors vast Wilderness System. Twenty-seven hun- and believe in multiple use and believe in dred miles of rivers to Wild and Scenic Riv- fishing and believe in hunting and believe ers System have been added. in camping. And I do, and my family does. We’ve increased wetlands protection from I did want to try this morning, though, to 295 million to 812 million since I’ve been put in perspective before taking questions President. And I’d like to hear from some what I think is a pretty good environmental and maybe answer some questions on the record. controversy that surrounds the wetlands pol- I don’t pretend to be able to keep every icy. But I believe our policy of no net loss organization happy. I can’t do that because is good. We’ve added to the wetlands to I also have a certain—not only do I feel compensate for those areas where there has a sense of obligation to stewardship of the been loss. parks and of the wilderness and of the great We’ve closed off the oil development in outdoors, but I also feel a sense of steward- certain environmentally sensitive areas of ship towards American families that are try- the California coast, the Florida coast, and ing to work for a living. To achieve a bal- in New England, isolating them until the ance between growth and the environment year 2000 when we can look at technology is something that I think every President and look at the environment. We’ve estab- ought to feel an obligation to achieve. And lished three new national marine sanc- I’ve tried to do exactly that. tuaries, including the most recent one in But before getting to the questions, and Monterey Bay, which is, I guess, the largest I hope it’s not too self-serving, I thought one ever; increased funding, and this comes I’d just click off some accomplishments that as great interest to some here, for fishing, I think should make a difference to those fisheries management, and $80 million who share my love of the outdoors. added to that and requested full funding We signed, I guess, the most forward- for Wallop-Breaux. looking environmental legislation in modern Let me just say here that when you get times in a revival and renewal of the Clean in Washington you might have some ear- Air Act, improvement of the Clean Air Act. marked funds, but the propensity in the way I believe that it’s going to have a major it works with the Congress is they want to effect not just on the great outdoors as we take those earmarked funds and use them all love it but on the cities and everything for other purposes. I stood up against that else. because I believe in Wallop-Breaux; I be- We’ve assessed more fines for violations lieve that the money ought to be used for of environmental policy, environmental law, what we said it would be used for. And than any previous administration. And in- I’m going to keep on fighting for that prin- deed, more people are incarcerated for ac- ciple. And we fought for a lot of projects, tually violating the environmental laws of Superfund and all, where we’ve not gotten this country. the funding we requested. But I’m going We’ve doubled the funding, doubled the to keep on working to try to do that. funding for national parks, wildlife, and out- So I cite this because as you get into a door recreation, and tripled the funds, tri- political year and you get into a subject that pled the funds for States for parks and open has this many variations, environmental pro- space. I think that’s a good record. We’ve tection, you’re bound to take some heat.

1129 July 18 / Administration of George Bush, 1992

But I’m very proud of the record. and fishermen have spent a lot of money, The last thing I’d mention is Rio de Janei- time, and resources to secure their habitat, ro. I do not consider it leadership to go to provide for their game management. and fall in line with a bunch of other coun- There’s a great deal of attack on this tradi- tries who accept standards and don’t live tional wildlife management tool. Specifi- up to them. When the United States makes cally, proposition 200 in Arizona is worded a commitment, we ought to keep our word. where they could ban hunting on public Great countries, like great men, should keep lands. What is your position on that issue? their word. That’s what a former Justice of The President. You know, I’m a hunter. our Supreme Court said, and that’s the way I happen to be a quail hunter of only fair I feel. So I did not go down there to try proportions, I might add. [Laughter] But to get in line, putting standards and prohibi- when I go to hunt every year, and I try tions on the United States that we couldn’t to do it, and I go down there, and I see live up to or didn’t want to. these people standing out that oppose all So we did do well on forestry down there. hunting. They are inconsiderate of sound We did do well on climate control. I have game management. They’re inconsiderate of insisted that we don’t make more regula- people who like to hunt and who recognize tions unless we know where the science is not only the fun of the sport but also the on these things. It’s very inexact at this sound environmental practice of thinning point. And yet, underlying it all was my out herds, for example, when it comes to commitment and our administration’s com- deer or whatever else it is. mitment to a sound environment. So I oppose what I consider extremists’ So that’s where we stand. I don’t know tactics. I’d rather see sound management how this is all set up, Val, but I’ll be glad through sound sports practice than I would to go for questions. Here’s one right here. see some of these herds thinned out Q. Our school last year built over 300 through famine and suffering of that kind. trees and—— So I will stand with the hunter. I don’t The President. This one’s not working. think there’s anything in sound hunting that You come over here. Q. Last year and every year our school is inconsistent with sound environmental built over 300 trees. And we did it in City policy. And I don’t know about that propo- Butte Canyon. Are they doing that all over sition, but that’s the way I feel. the United States and the world? Yes, sir. The President. I think so. And every little Q. Mr. President, do we expect to see bit helps. Every tree planted is part of a a reduction in spending abroad to fund forestation initiative that is sound. We have these policies that you are proposing and a program to plant a billion trees a year, trying to continue in the country now? tiny little things, but Government can’t do The President. Well, we’ve reduced de- this. Schools, families, whoever have to get fense spending tremendously. I mean, that’s this job done. The United States is the lead- what overshadows all other spending that er in forestry. We are the leaders in trying you might say abroad. Here’s my position. to preserve the great rain forests. We’ve got We’ve won the cold war. What’s happened, a good record ourselves on it. as I see these kids sitting here and I think So what you say your school is doing, if about it, I think it’s historic. They don’t everybody around the country at his or her have little drills in their schools anymore school does the same thing, then we can like some of you all had about climbing achieve our goal. And it’s very, very impor- under the desks for fear of nuclear warfare. tant. It’s important to clean air. It’s impor- The deal we hammered out with Yeltsin to tant to everything, including the sporting eliminate these ICBM’s, SS–18’s, is major. quality of the whole United States environ- It is a significant achievement for mankind, ment. particularly for the young people in this Q. President Bush, there is an abundant country and elsewhere. amount of wildlife in the United States We still have an obligation to help people today, and it’s principally because hunters abroad. When there’s famine in south

1130 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / July 18

Africa, the southern part of Africa, I do city of Los Angeles. We sat around in a think we have an obligation. I got a great little picnic area, and I started listening to lesson from the church the other day on these kids talk about their experience with how the mission of the church, actually in gangs, being drummed in, beaten in, and a private way, tries to help. The Govern- then beaten out. If they go into the gang ment has an obligation to help. they have to be beaten up before they go So we’re not going to be able to cut off into it; when they go out they get beaten all of our foreign aid or our defense because up and then their families threatened. of the fact the world is a more calm, a more Here were these kids sitting in the maj- tranquil place. The spending has been re- esty of this sequoia grove, seeing the out- duced on defense particularly, and I think doors for the first time, understanding the that we can probably reduce it more as we joys of nature from which they’ve been shel- go along. But I don’t think we should close tered because of their own underprivilege our eyes to the fact that we’re living in a and because of their own backgrounds. place where you have terrorists, you have They talked about the joy of camping out threats that crop up like the threat from the night before and being with their—sit- the aggression of Saddam Hussein against ting around a little campfire talking to the Kuwait, where only the United States can other kids about their family problems. And stand and take action. that little incident brought home to me On foreign aid itself, you have to look more clearly than anything I’ve done, except at it, as I do, for an insurance policy, avoid- for a little bass fishing with some friends ing future catastrophe, and also the humani- here, the need really to keep open, and still tarian side. preserve, but to keep open these lands for But to get back to your question, there sporting purposes, for fishing, for camping, will be a chance to redirect more of the for hunting. funds from the security and foreign account to the domestic side. Whether it will be So we are not going to permit in the funneled into the environment and all I just name of environmental practice a shutting can’t say, because I think, as I’ve clicked down of these areas to those who really off here at the beginning of this, the prior- need to experience the same joy those kids ities that our administration has set—and felt. I really feel strongly about it, and I frankly, some of them have been under- pride myself on stewardship of our environ- funded by the Congress. I’ll continue to mental resources, our environment. But I fight for full funding. just don’t think we can go to the extremes Q. As was alluded to earlier, wildlife pop- in the name of the environment, whether ulations are healthier and more numerous it’s in this, trying to deny hunting or fishing today than they have ever been. There are to these areas, or whether it’s to shut down a few people who would stop hunting on businesses where families are needlessly our public lands, hunting and fishing on our thrown out of work. public lands. And the wildlife has primarily I think of the endangered species. We’re benefited through funding by these wildlife going through a very important debate and organizations in property acquisition. Can an important discussion of how do you pre- you tell us what we can expect from your serve the endangered species and yet not commitment to us as sportsmen as far as say to a family, ‘‘Look, you all just aren’t hunting and fishing on these public prop- going to be able to make a living anymore.’’ erties? I feel as President a certain stewardship for The President. I will resist any effort to that; I really do. We’re trying to find a prop- stop hunting and fishing on these public er balance, and balance is a key word in lands. You know, I had a marvelous experi- all of this. But just to say you’re going to ence—not shared it with my friend the preserve public lands by denying hunting Lieutenant Governor, Johnny Morris, and and fishing, I’m strongly opposed to that. others. But just the other day up in the Q. A number of groups here today are Sequoia area in California, I met there with actively involved in habitat acquisition: a group of kids that came from the inner Ducks Unlimited, Rocky Mountain Elk

1131 July 18 / Administration of George Bush, 1992

Foundation. Will the Federal Government enhance the policy without going to the ex- continue to support us in matching funds treme. and help us develop a habitat for wildlife Again, I think sometimes I get brought so we can continue to increase our herds to my attention cases where one of our and increase our duck populations? regulatory agency or another have overinter- The President. We should and will. And preted the law and have kept reasonable I don’t know enough about the detail; Roger development from taking place. So once Porter is here and can answer the specifics. again, I’ll go back to the answer I gave over But yes, I mean, this is all of our common here to the question of hunting: We’re try- belief. I’m more familiar with Ducks Unlim- ing to find a balanced policy, but the under- ited, but Ducks Unlimited I think offer pinning of it, in response to your question, sound environmental practice. They cer- no net loss. And that’s why we’re—[inaudi- tainly don’t oppose hunting, but they do ble]—and purchasing wetlands. propose and support programs for increasing the ducks and other fowl. Sir. So I’m strongly in support of that. I’m Q. Mr. President, as you probably know, just a little at a loss to give you any specifics the Central Utah Project is one of the most in terms of numbers as to how the Federal critical issues facing Utah outdoor interests. Government might do a better job in work- It’s a project which has been repaired, in ing cooperatively here. our view, through the mechanisms that have Q. President Bush, as past chairman of been established to meet the wildlife mitiga- Ducks Unlimited for Utah, can you tell us tion and environmental mitigation require- a little bit how our no-net-loss program is ments. We understand that there is a prob- working as far as the lands that have been lem with its passage now, and it’s based taken, and what we’re doing to replace upon, as I understand it, California Senator those? Seymour’s efforts to get you to commit to The President. Well, we’re in a debate, veto the H.R. 429 omnibus water bill when and we’re also in a struggle on wetlands. it reaches your desk if it doesn’t have the I think we’re doing all right. We’ve added amendments he wants to serve the Califor- to the wetlands. We’re continuing to pur- nia agribusiness interests. chase wetlands. I get into a fight with We’re really interested, sir, in having you some—I think, some of the people on the sign the bill when it gets to your desk, and extremes on wetland. I hear from a lot of even more, near term, we’re interested, if farmers and a lot of agricultural people who you could, sir, in having you work with the have one little sump on the property for Senate to get the Senate to assign some a short period of time, and then they’re de- conferees so we can get that thing done nied use of that land. during this Congress. Could you tell us We had one extreme case of a downtown where you are on that? parking area where building couldn’t take The President. Well, where we are is that place because it was wet. So we’re trying to stand against the extremes, and yet I’m I don’t know what they’re going to send trying to live up to this policy, which I be- me. And therefore, I can’t commit to sign lieve is sound environmental practice, of no or veto until I know exactly what’s in it. net loss of wetlands. We’re trading, and But in terms of the project itself, we have we’re buying. And I’m going to continue been and will continue to be supportive. to support that concept. One of the great problems in this job— I can’t tell you that it’s without a furor, and that’s why I strongly favor the line-item because some of the groups are saying we’re veto—is that you are sent under the name not doing enough. I think our record is of, say, sound water practice or sound envi- pretty good in keeping the commitment I ronmental practice a piece of legislation made several years ago to no net loss. But where then you always have to balance out I would welcome from experts—and I’m does the good outweigh the bad. surrounded by them here—criticism or sug- But in terms of this project, we are sup- gestions as to what we could do to further portive. I believe your Senators have been

1132 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / July 18 working diligently for it. I hope it comes of the environment, knuckle under to those in a way that I can strongly endorse that who really want to tie up these assets and action. prohibit hunting and fishing is something Q. Mr. President, this is indeed a great that I would, will, and have stood up pleasure. You have been in support of the against. But I don’t know any other way free trade as evidenced by your support of to do it other than to roll up your sleeve the free trade agreement with Mexico and and be sure that those topics are covered Canada. Therefore, I am sure that you are in whatever election it is, every 2-year elec- not aware of a U.S. Park Service-sponsored tion or every 4-year election. And that’s one monopoly on Lake Powell, a national recre- good thing about it, because everybody has ation area in southern Utah. All commerce to put into focus his or her commitment in a 2,000-square-mile area, including five on a question of that nature. separate marinas in two States, is controlled I am not persuaded that there’s a big by one company from Philadelphia, Penn- sylvania. The lack of competition creates move against the hunter and against the high prices and minimal level of quality fisherman. There’s some groups that are service. This, I feel, is repressive and is rap- strong, strongly vocal. But I do not believe idly driving many boaters away, thus hurting they represent the mainstream. And I have the marine business and restricting free en- had a hunting and fishing license as long terprise in the State of Utah. Will your sec- as I’ve been old enough to, and I continue ond administration address these inequities? to enjoy sports. I’m mainly in the fishing The President. The answer is, your predi- end of things. But for fishing and hunting, cate was correct; I’m not familiar with the I just think you have to take it to the legisla- details of Lake Powell. And thus I can hon- tive process. I know people are turned off estly dodge having an opinion on this par- from politics, but that doesn’t mean that ticular issue. But no, I believe there should you withdraw and you pull away from it. be competition in these matters, if that’s If anybody should feel like withdrawing or what the objection is. But I really don’t pulling away from something, I could make want to speak on a subject that I should a case for the Bush family. [Laughter] But be perhaps familiar with but I’m not. But I’m not about to do that because I do be- in principle, I can’t argue with what I believe in some of the stuff that I—problems lieve your question implied was a proper I’m faced to solve. And I’m going to keep conclusion. But I just don’t want to com- on saying what I believe. ment without knowing the facts. Q. You touched a little bit earlier on the Q. Good morning, Mr. President. I’m situation—kids and the joy that you saw in here representing Safari Club International. the kids in getting maybe their first experi- And we as hunters want to ask you as a ence with the outdoors. Could you maybe hunter, and we as citizens: How can we carry that a little bit further and talk about deal with the people who want to deny us our second amendment rights, and how do your opinion on the—I broke them both. we answer them properly and keep our [Laughter] Throw them in the lake, put a amendment safe? hook on them. [Laughter] Talk about your The President. I think a lot of it is, and opinion of the correlation between im- this goes back to maybe a fundamental an- proved fishing and hunting and keeping the swer, but a lot is to who you elect to office. outdoors the way that we all want it, and I think in the local level, in the State legisla- these kids, taking these great kids and turn- tive level, Val’s level, a lot of the decisions ing them into great adults, and the family are made. A lot of them are made at the values that perhaps are created out there, Federal level. But I think you just ought your thoughts on the family values. to find out and establish whatever candidate The President. I could wax philosophical, at whatever level’s commitment to the envi- but they asked me a pointed and under- ronment, to hunting, to nonhunting, what- standably pointed question 2 days ago in ever it is. I know no other way to do it. Wyoming. And this one was put against a But the idea that we should, in the name political backdrop of how come I didn’t stay

1133 July 18 / Administration of George Bush, 1992 tuned into the convention that was going sold to the Japanese and to foreign coun- on in New York. I put it in terms of the tries? We want to own our buildings. We joy that I felt fishing with my son in streams want to own all of our ground here. How of Wyoming. He’s grown; he’s from Florida. do you feel about that? But it’s hard to describe unless you have The President. I probably differ with you done it. Ricky Clunn, that you guys know, on it, because I think investment by the talked about following in his underpants be- United States abroad is a sensible thing. I hind his father, fishing the streams of Okla- think it creates a tremendous amount of homa. I understand that. And I think most jobs in America. And I think you’ve got to American family understand it. Some look at each—I think you have to be sure haven’t had the opportunity to do it. that nobody takes over the United States But it was very easy for me to give an of America. But in terms of the percentage honest answer that the joy of doing that of investment, much more is held by Britain with my son, albeit grown, really surpassed and Holland, for example, than the Japa- the politics of the moment. And I think if nese. you feel it that strongly, you need to try So I am not one who worries about peo- to convey it to the parents and to the fami- ple investing in the United States, particu- lies that this really is a way that you can larly if it means jobs. I’ll tell you an exam- strengthen your family. ple. The BMW people are opening a plant We talk about family values, and I hope in South Carolina. They bought some land, not to the extreme on that. But anyone who and they’re going to create something like has fished or hunted or hiked or camped 4,000 to 10,000 jobs building automobiles with a child knows what I’m talking about. in the United States. Now, they have to And what we have to do, I think, those of have that land if they’re going to put their us that agree with this, is to make clear plant there. And I think that’s good for the to the American people that’s what we’re United States. talking about. We’re not talking about something that’s selfish. So when we talk about What I don’t think is good is if it gets preserving the streams or the lakes for into the security areas where our defenses sound fishing practice, we’re talking about and our legitimate security needs might be something that has a way of strengthening pulled—— families. [At this point, the microphone failed.] I know I’m not particularly articulate on this, but I really feel strongly when we talk Just as I was going to make a profound about family that anything you do with your statement here. [Laughter] kids in the outdoors does nothing but I am not an isolationist. I don’t believe strengthen the relationship between the we should pull back. I think we have too parents and the kids at a time when—those much to offer abroad, and I don’t think we kids that were coming out of that city in have to fear from people competing in this South Central, in L.A., they’d been denied country. that. And here, even though it wasn’t with So maybe you and I differ on it, but I their parents, they were beginning to get don’t—if you were going to say do you want that feeling of comradeship and of enjoy- to sell the great wilderness area of Utah ment and of really conversation, if you will, to some foreign country, no, I don’t want that strengthens, I think, the American fam- to do that. I think we’ve got to be very ily. So it’s so hard to describe, but I feel sure that we don’t aimlessly get into some- it so strongly. thing like that. But in terms of investment Q. Mr. President, as you travel across this in this country, I think that means jobs in beautiful Nation, a concern that we have this country. I don’t think it deters from is, I would like to know how you feel about the environment or the sporting ability to it when there’s a building that’s sold to a have the kinds of things we’re talking about foreign country, a public building, public here today in terms of hunting, fishing, and lands? How do you feel, and what can we outdoor recreation. do about our lands and our buildings being We probably differ, but I think I could

1134 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / July 18 convince you. I don’t think I have yet. Utah; John Morris, chairman, Bush-Quayle Listen, thank you all very, very much. Outdoors Coalition; Roger Porter, Assistant to the President for Economic and Domestic Note: The President spoke at 9 a.m. at Red Policy; and Rick Clunn, champion bass fish- Butte Gardens. In his remarks, he referred erman. to W. Val Oveson, Lieutenant Governor of

Remarks at Brigham Young University in Provo, Utah July 18, 1992

Thank you very much. Thank you all for the control of the House of Representatives that warm welcome. And may I just single in Washington. You talk about change, for out your President. Mr. President—it 35 years, 36, one party has controlled that sounds pretty good, doesn’t it, for Rex— one institution, the House of Representa- but to say to Rex Lee that I am delighted tives. Enough of these bank scandals and to have been introduced by him, a man who post office scandals. We’ve got to change has served, first, his Government with such control, and that’s why I want Richard Har- great distinction, integrity, and honor and rington in the United States Congress. now serves this wonderful university in a Let me say I agree with him on this, and position of extraordinary leadership. with the Senators, that a strong America has Allow me for a moment just to acknowl- led the world to change. We have not sur- edge Senator Hatch; Governor Norman rendered one single ounce of our sov- Bangerter, my friend over here; Val Oveson, ereignty. We are the leader of the free the Lieutenant Governor; Mayor Joseph world, undisputed, on our terms. We’re the Jenkins. And may I just suggest that it is United States of America. appropriate that I pay and you all pay a You know, B.Y.U. is a special place of special tribute to Senator Jake Garn, who’s physical beauty and spiritual strength, a retiring this fall after years of dedicated place devoted to a simple creed: Enter to service to Utah and to the entire Nation. learn; go forth to serve. I happen to believe And again, to President Lee and Provost that there is no higher calling than serving Hafen and Ron Hyde and Dee Andersen, B.Y.U. Vice President, let me just say thank humanity. So I say thank you for choosing you for inviting me here today. More than B.Y.U. This home of the Cougars feels like that, I want to thank you for extending an my home. And thanks for that warm wel- invitation to all the Presidential candidates come. to come to B.Y.U. and share their views. I spent 2 days this past week far away And this is appropriate, the university not from TV and radio, didn’t listen—watch one pulling back but permitting people to have or listen to the other—up in Wyoming, a fair say in this important election year. trout fishing with Secretary of State Jim I salute you for that. Baker and our sons, Jamie and Jeb. But I’m I noticed that on your seal it says that aware that something else was going on in the glory of God is intelligence. I would America this week, something real impor- add that intelligence and education are ab- tant. This is the week when all across Amer- solutely necessary to fulfill your democratic ica, crowds of panting, sweating people obligation. So I salute you for your desire overran their neighborhood video stores. to learn more about all our candidates and [Laughter] From Tallahassee to Tempe, where we want to lead this great Nation. Americans turned on their TV and decided In this spirit of free speech let me register they’d rather watch ‘‘Action Jackson’’ than one strongly held view. I want to change listen to—well, never mind. Now, look, things. And one thing I want to change is don’t get the idea that this is some kind of

1135 July 18 / Administration of George Bush, 1992 partisan attack. Stop by Rich’s Video down world’s people eager for our services, more on Freedom Boulevard, and I’m sure Rich good jobs for you and all your classmates. will tell you, give it to you straight. Sales What do we need to take advantage of aren’t all that bad during the Republican this opportunity? The same values, the same Convention either. [Laughter] So I want to principles, the same ideas that we used to be fair about this. change the world. To start, I believe we I didn’t get a chance, as I said, to see need to get to work today to create more the other party on TV. But I couldn’t help opportunity for more people. You can’t but notice one little comment made by one build a home without a hammer, and you of the conventioneers. It was made by a can’t build a dream without a job. Work man named McGovern. First name, same as mine, George. You remember him. Over isn’t just good for our wallets. Work elevates the years Mr. McGovern hasn’t always been us. It teaches us values. It gives us purpose. my biggest fan. So I was kind of surprised Some people tear down our economy. by what he said in the newspaper. He called They say we’re second-rate, second-class. this year’s Democratic ticket a Trojan horse. But keep in mind just a few facts. We are And he said, and I quote, ‘‘They’re much still the world’s largest and most vibrant more liberal underneath and will prove it economy. We’ve tamed the lion of inflation. when they’re elected.’’ Now, I know I’ve And consider this: The last time interest never said this publicly, but, one, they won’t rates stayed this low the ‘‘Brady Bunch’’ be elected, and George McGovern is an in- wasn’t even on TV yet. credibly insightful man. [Laughter] Our factories produce a higher percent- You may not believe this, but that’s all age of the world’s manufactured goods than I’m going to say about the other party. You we did 20 years ago. We’ve emerged as the didn’t invite me here to talk about the other world’s export champion. Last year the Jap- side. You want to know what I have to offer anese Government asked who leads the and what I believe and what’s in my heart. world in 143 critical technology industries. Let me just start by explaining a little bit Japanese firms led in 33 and the United about where I see America today. States in 43. And I wouldn’t be surprised Here at B.Y.U. you like to say that the world is your campus, your president telling to learn if that report was put together on me about the numbers of foreign languages software made right here in Utah. that are taught and spoken by the students But while our economy is growing today, on this campus. Well, that campus, inter- it’s not growing fast enough. Many of you nationally, has been through incredible are working your way through this great change in 4 years. Because of our leader- university. When you graduate, you don’t ship, because of America’s sacrifice and want to get letters that say, ‘‘We’ll keep your commitment, millions more people breathe re´sume´ on file.’’ You want letters that say, free today. When you go to bed tonight, ‘‘How fast can you get here and take the you can sleep knowing that we are safer job?’’ from nuclear destruction: safer than we I used to run a business and meet a pay- were a decade ago, safer than we were a roll. I learned the only way Government can year ago, safer than we were even a month create jobs is to help the people who create ago, before I met with Boris Yeltsin in the jobs. That means providing incentives so White House to get rid of some of these that businesses can create jobs. It means nuclear weapons. getting our own house in order by making But this new world that we live in poses like Paul Bunyan and taking an ax to the new challenges and new opportunities. The rotting tree that is the Federal budget defi- challenge is this: Can we compete now that cit. Governor Norm Bangerter, just back so many other nations are playing our game? It’s a tough question. But since the from a trip to St. Petersburg, to Russia, answer is, inevitably, yes, consider the op- came to have breakfast this morning. And portunity we face: more of the world’s peo- this is his philosophy; it’s the phi- ple hungry for our products, more of the

1136 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / July 18 losophy that Governor Bangerter follows apart, but to stay together. Government can and Utah follows. And we’ve got to bring and must, in my view, give families in Utah some of that Utah attitude to Washington, and every other State the option of deciding DC. Like your Governor, we need a line- where their kids are educated. Whether it’s item veto. And we’re going to get it. We’re a public school, a private school, or a church going to get the American people to insist school, it doesn’t matter. Let the parents we have it. Like you, we need a balanced choose. That is the American way. budget amendment to the Constitution. And I also believe we need to restore respect we’re going to get that, too. for the law. Peace in the world, it’s fine, Thirty-one times in the past 3 years I’ve but it’s not enough. If people don’t feel safe had to wield my veto pen, many times to in their own backyard, it doesn’t seem to cut away wasteful Government spending. matter. What do you say to an elderly With the help of Senator Orrin Hatch and woman who watches the Berlin Wall fall then a new Congress coming in with him, on television right before her eyes but is we’re going to continue to stand on prin- afraid to walk into her neighborhood gro- ciple and protect your pocketbooks. We’re cery store? What do you say to kids in our going to treat wasteful spending the way cities who hear of the Russians reducing Carl Malone will treat another team’s jump nuclear weapons but then have to walk shot in Barcelona. We’re going to swat it through a metal detector at school every into the front row. [Laughter] single morning? What do you say to these I also believe that we need to restore the Americans? You say, ‘‘Enough is enough.’’ special values that have carried this Nation Let’s put an end to the lawlessness. Let’s for 200 years. Americans need to under- get rid of the drugs. And let’s say sayonara stand something that you all know very, very to the crack dealers and the criminals. We well and that your lives epitomize: ‘‘No can help with legislation. You can help in other success can compensate for failure in your neighborhoods and in your local insti- the home.’’ David O. McKay’s words harken tutions. But let’s pledge to make America back to a different age. Today we can fly safe again. from Paris to New York and arrive earlier As you know, this has been an important than we left, but do we too often leave be- week in American politics for a couple of hind the difference between right and reasons. I met a guy in Wyoming yesterday wrong? We can explore a world beyond the who noted that the week I went fishing, stars, but do we too often ignore a neighbor one of my opponents dropped out of the down the street? We can turn natural ingre- race. And he wondered if I wanted to stay dients into miracle medicines, but why do out West and bag another trophy hunting we feel the need to turn every argument next week. [Laughter] into a lawsuit? But let me just make a serious observa- By the way, I am not going to give up; tion. It’s easy for me to stand here as an I’m going to continue to fight for legislation incumbent President of the United States that puts a stop to all these frivolous law- and quietly applaud Ross Perot’s withdrawal suits. We need to give doctors the chance from the campaign, to salute the fact that to practice medicine, dads and moms to this strange political year is suddenly much coach the Little League without worrying more, quote, normal, unquote. But I can’t that they’re going to end up in a courtroom do that. The fervor of the Perot supporters, every single week. of those sensational volunteers, transcends So where do we get our traditional val- politics as usual. ues? Where do we get our traditional val- There was an election in America this sum- ues? We learn them in our living rooms mer: no ballots cast, no polls open, but a ref- and in our churches. While religion and erendum took place nonetheless. Nobody families help keep our lives together, Gov- won, but politics lost. And politics lost be- ernment can help keep our families to- cause it is becoming irrelevant to more and gether. Government can reward work, not more Americans. And for too many people, welfare dependency. Welfare programs can politics is now the opposite of progress. So and must encourage families not to fall my message to anyone dissatisfied with

1137 July 18 / Administration of George Bush, 1992

America is this: Don’t quit. Don’t walk away my guess is you’re probably asking the ques- from the system. Don’t believe that because tion that every young generation asks: Will there’s no protest voice you have no vote at the future be bright? Will the dream stay all. alive? And despite all our challenges, I am Ross Perot’s supporters believe in the betting on America. And I know you are, same principles in which I believe about too. I still believe in America’s capacity to cutting the size of Government, about let- confront any challenge and seize any oppor- ting parents choose their kids’ day care and tunity. If we can topple the Berlin Wall and high schools. And most of all, we agree if we can reduce the threat of nuclear weap- about the need to break the deadlock in ons and if we can do those things, we can Washington, DC. build a strong economy. And if we can lift It is time to say ‘‘So long’’ to politics as that Iron Curtain, we can bring the curtain usual. More than that, it’s high time to down on immorality and indifference. And shake up the system. If you’ll excuse just if we can help people walk free in Eastern one more political observation, you give me Europe, we can take back the streets in the a Congress that shares my values and your United States of America. values, and you’d see this system not just So this then is our mission, and this is shaken but rattled and even rolled. And you our crusade. And together I am absolutely will see real progress in our great country. confident that we can get the job done for I know that Provo is one of America’s the United States of America. youngest cities. For years, more babies were God bless you. And may God bless our born at Utah Valley Hospital than any other great country. Thank you very, very much. hospital in America, more than most hospitals in the world. I heard from some not- Note: The President spoke at 11:20 a.m. at so-reliable sources that lately some hospitals the Marriott Center. In his remarks, he re- way up in northern Europe are surpassing ferred to Ron Hyde, advancement vice presi- your birth rates. But I guess that in Utah dent, and Dee Andersen, administrative vice babies are born because of hope. Well, way president, Brigham Young University; and up in northern Europe they are born be- the late David O. McKay, president of the cause of hope and weather. [Laughter] Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints Now, as I look out on this audience today, during the 1950’s.

Remarks and a Question-and-Answer Session With the American Legion Boys Nation July 20, 1992

The President. Thanks for the welcome. The Legion does a lot of good works, and Hey, listen, I came out here to welcome I can’t think of any of them that’s better you guys to the White House. Well, thank than what brings us here today. So let me you very much. Please be seated, and let’s first congratulate all 96 of the outstanding get underway here. But I want to salute young leaders that are here today, rep- the national commander of the American resenting 48 States. And I understand that Legion, who’s done a great job, Dom some of you come from as far away as An- DiFrancesco, and an old friend. I am a le- chorage up in Alaska and as near as Falls gionnaire and have been for a long, long Church across the river. And Reagan time, lifetime member. And I have great DeMas, you absolutely have to tell me what respect for what Dom and Bob Turner, the life is like in a place called Boring, Oregon. past national commander who is with us [Laughter] Where is he? We’ll talk about today and also now the assistant director that. for activities for Boys Nation, do. But anyway, for two of you, the journey

1138 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / July 20 has taken you even further, all the way from be what you achieve or how much you earn Communist Vietnam. What a moving story or even what honors are showered on you is Won Lee’s, Nhon Trong Nguyen’s. They along the way. What matters will be the have a great story to tell, leaving culture kind of parent you’ve been, the kind of kids and country behind to start over, to start that you’ve raised. It all comes down to fam- afresh here in the United States of America. ily. So today I want to salute the mothers Your presence here today reminds us all of and fathers who are here, every parent back America’s meaning, of America’s magic. home bursting with pride in you just be- We all know that Boys Nation’s alumni cause you’re here, what you’ve achieved. often go on to do remarkable things. It’s I also understand that while you’re here no secret that two of America’s great political leaders got their start in this organiza- in Washington you’re going to be participat- tion. I’m talking about a former Governor, ing in your mock congress. I won’t touch now our Secretary of Education, Lamar Al- that one. [Laughter] But whether you end exander, and I’m talking about a former up in Congress or in front of the classroom Congressman, now our very able Secretary or as leaders in business, your efforts and of Defense, Dick Cheney. your skills will be absolutely vital to our I’ve held Boys Nation in high regard for country’s continued success. many years. I remember, maybe Dom does, George Washington once challenged us as Vice President about 10 years ago I had to raise a standard to which the wise and the honor of greeting some of your prede- honest can repair. And as a nation, our cru- cessors right here in Washington. Many of sade is this: We must continue to defend you were young then, 6 or 7 years old. But our Nation’s liberty and interest, and we it’s good to see that our younger generation must continually seek solutions to our coun- continues to come forward with what the try’s ills, to refine this great democracy our whole country sees as model citizens. You’ve forefathers created. reason to be proud of your accomplish- So let me urge you: Maintain your comments, and I hope that you’re going to con- mitment to our country. Find ways to serve tinue to achieve great things for our coun- your neighbors and solve the problems of try. Right now the country is focusing on your communities. It cannot be done en- some big questions: how America can com- tirely from Washington, DC. Continue to pete and win in the global economy; how spread the word about the benefits of our we’ll educate our citizens and do it better, great system of democratic capitalism. And do it different, but educate our citizens for keep your eye on the greatest prize of all, a new century; and how we’ll open oppor- ensuring that our country remains out there tunity to all Americans and then preserve on the cutting edge, that America continues one Nation under God. Big issues, every to be the example the whole world holds one of them. We’ve got to realize that the in awe. Believe me, the whole world still solution for every one of these challenges holds us in awe. literally starts close to home. America is now and always will be the The question is this—and I’ve heard this one nation that the entire world looks to from the mayors of urban America; I’ve for leadership. America is now and always heard it from everyone: Can we stop the will be a country whose purpose and values, assault on the American family? Can we whose global mission and economic success strengthen the family, help parents pass on continues to be the success story of our the moral code and character that goes with time. And it’s no secret why that’s so. it and sustain us as a nation? So today, when Throughout our history, individuals, achiev- you’re focusing on college and career, let ers, people just like you have made it so. me share a little advice from someone whose next experience with the teens won’t America is now and always will be a rising come until I actually hold in my arms my nation. And we’ll remain strong. We will 13th grandchild. succeed as long as young people like your- What will matter years from now won’t selves continue to support and advance

1139 July 20 / Administration of George Bush, 1992 the values upon which our success is based advocating it and supporting it and intro- and, really, upon which this wonderful producing it in the Congress all along. gram, Dom, is based. Even after the riots we had the Mayor So keep up the great work. Congratula- of Los Angeles here, Tom Bradley; the Gov- tions on what you have already achieved. ernor of the State; Peter Ueberroth, who But there’s a great challenge lying out there is trying to bring jobs into the center city. ahead of each and every one of you. So They all supported strongly the enterprise good luck, and may God bless you all. And zones. And it took weeks to get that passed may God bless our wonderful country. even in the face of the riots. Now, what I thought we’d do is take a So now, in terms of will I increase spend- few questions and then go—how we’re ing, I can’t pledge that. I don’t want to be going to do this—I never saw so many in any false colors. I want these programs hands up. there to bring jobs in the private sectors Shoot. into the city. I want our ‘‘Weed and Seed’’ Voter Registration Bill Veto program, which is weeding out the criminal elements and then seeding the areas with Q. Mr. President, was the primary reason hope and opportunity, to pass. But there’s that you vetoed the motor voter bill the fact another big problem facing this country, that it would increase the number of poor and it is the deficit. I know that this is the and young voters, groups in which you have year when everybody promises, I’m going little strength? If not, can we have a brief to do this for that, each little interest group, explanation? each big interest group being pledged and The President. No, that had nothing to promised to, but I can’t do that because do with the veto of the bill. States have I am determined to fight to get this deficit the right to set their own registration; every- down. body has a way to register. It has nothing So we’ve got good programs, and I think to do with the poor and the young. Frankly, they’d make an enormous difference in the I think we’re going to do very well with cities, and I hope you all can support them. the young and, hopefully, with the poor. What it has to do, though, is with guarding Economic Plan against corruption of the voting process, and that’s why I vetoed it. Q. The economic plan that Bill Clinton unveiled at the Democratic National Con- Urban Aid vention last week is rapidly gaining support. Q. Mr. President, my question to you is, What flaws do you see in his plan as you throughout your term previous to the Rod- compare it to your own? ney King verdict and the L.A. riots in par- The President. Well, I don’t think it’s rap- ticular, your support for Secretary Jack idly gaining too much support. What I see Kemp’s programs in the areas of housing is a program that does not address itself and urban development appeared to come to the deficit, and I’ll have a lot more to very reluctantly. Yet you approved generous say about that later on. I think we’ve got emergency expenditures to help provide re- to get the deficit down. I don’t think you lief for the desperate situation at hand. If need to go raise taxes on people right now. elected to a second term, do you plan to I think that’s a big mistake. I think it’s coun- increase Government funding for the HUD terproductive. When you analyze the pro- programs? gram, they have this expression around The President. The answer is no, but the here, smoke and mirrors. You’re going to answer is I’ve been diligently for the pro- save it all by eliminating overhead, eliminat- gram. The program is mine. I’m the Presi- ing waste, and there’s billions of dollars that dent; I set the program. Kemp has been is earmarked to do that. And I just don’t a superb advocate for homeownership, for think that’s practical. enterprise zones, for the things that we be- So when the campaign comes on, there’s lieve really would have helped avoid some going to be a very serious comparative anal- of the crisis in the cities. So I have been ysis on our part. I don’t think the program

1140 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / July 20 is gaining strength. He had one that was it will give more jobs to the United States quite different a few months ago, and now, because our exports, which have already just in time for the convention, out comes gone up substantially, will go up more. another one. But both of them result in So I’m for free trade. I’m not for protec- taxing. tion. I’m not for promising one thing out You see, I think the Government is in Detroit and then trying to deny that it spending too much, and that’s why I had was said some other part of the country. to answer this question here like that. I don’t think people are taxed too little. I Education don’t think that’s the problem. So we’re going to have a big difference on the eco- Q. Mr. President, I would like to ask you nomic approach. Our economic incentives with regard to education, do you think that are out there. They’re strong, and they’re a national standard achievement test at the good. lower grade levels would be a good way to gauge how well our education system is North American Free Trade Agreement doing? Q. Regarding the United States and Mex- The President. Yes, and part of our pro- ico free trade agreement, don’t you think gram feels that a national system of volun- that if it was passed that the standard of teer testing would be good. That’s part of living in the Southwest United States will our proposal. I emphasize the word ‘‘volun- drop and it would also result in more unem- teer’’ because I still believe that your com- ployment? Also, what are the short- and munity should really control the curriculum long-term goals you hope to achieve by hav- and the hours and the teacher’s pay and ing this free trade agreement? whatever it is. Most people forget that about The President. I’m convinced that 6 percent, I believe it is, of funding on edu- NAFTA, the North American free trade cation is at the Federal level, our level, and agreement, will increase the standard of liv- 90-some percent is where it belongs at the ing on both sides of the border. I am abso- local and State level. lutely convinced that it will increase jobs But this concept of testing is a good one. for Americans. Look at what happened I think kids need to know where they stand when we entered into the deal with Canada. with others across the country; parents have Business is way up in both ways, trade going the right to have that information. But I both ways. The same thing will happen in emphasize it should be on a voluntary basis. Mexico. And I am afraid that in the Mexi- Let’s get in the back rows, back here. can case in some of the opposition there Oh, the man’s bringing gifts. Come right is some discrimination against our southern up. neighbor. Q. I’d like to present this to you on behalf I don’t care whether it’s good politics or of Boys Nation. bad politics, I’m going to work for free The President. Thanks a lot. Now we’re trade. I want to see the NAFTA agreement talking. This is great. Thank you very much, passed. And I am absolutely convinced that Steve. it will mean more jobs for Americans and Q. Mr. President, I’m a student of the good jobs. The argument is, well, all the middle class, and there’s an ever-increasing companies will flee to Mexico. That’s not problem with the students that I represent true; they could do that now. There are that we simply do not have the funds to many reasons that companies place invest- attend the colleges of our choices to take ment where they do. the leadership roles in Government. What NAFTA is only going to increase Mexico’s can you tell the students of the middle class ability to import goods. It’s going to increase to affirm the fact that the buck does stop their standard of living, which will bring re- here and you’re taking a leadership position lief to our borders out near San Diego in our plight to have affordable college edu- where you have immigration going across cation? the way. It will give them the wherewithal The President. I can tell them that the to have better environmental standards, and best thing that we can do there is to get the

1141 July 20 / Administration of George Bush, 1992 whole economic system moving. I can tell manitarian interest, to help people abroad. them that we’ve increased funding for that It’s the United States that always has taken kind of student loan program, and we’ve the lead. As long as I’m President, we’ll just got to keep doing it to support those continue to take the lead. But we are going that need scholarships. A big problem is to have to try to do these things that will when you’re operating at these enormous forestall our need to use military action. deficits, you can’t go out and promise to in- That’s the reason, rationale for it. But lis- crease spending beyond which we’ve already ten, I understand the desire to have more increased it. I’m the guy that has the plan. at home, and yet, again, I’m not going to The buck does stop here. We have in- please everybody by saying we’re going to creased programs for the funding for stu- increase spending on one program or an- dent loans, contrary to some of the politi- other. We’ve got a good budget. Spending cal—I can’t wait for this campaign to start has gone dramatically up. But we’ve got to to go after some of the things I’m hearing hold the line on it now. We’ve got to get out there. But we’ve just got to keep going the deficit down. on it, and we will do our very best. Way in back here. Yes. Presidential Campaign Foreign Aid Q. Mr. President, I was wondering, isn’t Q. Mr. President, I’d just like to com- it disheartening that all of your actions are mend you on your fine foreign policy. But either maligned, belittled, or ignored by the the question I pose to you is this: Do you national media? feel the only way we can have a strong for- The President. Now we’re talking here. eign policy is pumping the billions of dollars Those back here are not smiling, those be- that we do into other countries’ economy? yond those with the red and white shirts. Being a visitor to Washington, DC, we took Look, you’ve got to take it in life. Nobody a bus ride, and we drove through the Cap- ever said it would be a bed of roses. I found ital City, and I saw some of the most de- that over the years in politics or in business pressed and poverty-stricken areas I’ve ever or whatever it is. seen. Why can’t we bring some of that for- I have a very quiet confidence when I eign policy money home to where it belongs take my case to the American people that in our Nation? things will work out. But to be very honest, The President. Well, I’ll tell you, maybe it’s not pleasant. It’s not pleasant. The one you’ve missed the fact that we’ve cut the I don’t like the most is when they go after defense budget substantially. We can’t cut your family, try to make corruption out of the muscle of defense. We’re not going to a family that’s been honorable and decent. do that. I stood here with Boris Yeltsin and I don’t like it when they do that kind of did something that affected the lives of ev- thing. erybody here, everybody here. We worked But they’ve got their job to do; I’ve got out the most historic nuclear arms reduction mine to do. I’m not going to be stampeded package that’s ever happened, thus reducing into anything by a lot of that kind of press. the fear of nuclear war that some of you When we get into the campaign, I will try guys may have grown up with when you to draw the distinctions between myself and were younger. The pressure has been bled the opponents. I’ll try to put out the positive off. We have to keep a strong defense. We aspects of our record: the war on crime; have cut the defense budget by billions of the fact that we’ve got a sound, revolution- dollars, and we’ll continue to look at it as ary education program; what we’re trying the world changes. But we can’t cut into to do, in answer to your question, about the muscle of it. bringing homeownership and hope into the Secondly, in terms of foreign aid, it’s al- cities; the fact that we’ve got the best health ways been unpopular. There’s always a guy care reform of anybody up there, sitting that says, ‘‘Don’t do that abroad. Do it all right there, languishing, and the fact that at home.’’ And that’s a mood out there in we’ve got a program that if we could only this country. But it is in our interests, hu- get this Congress to work on it

1142 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / July 20 would do something for health care. ferent parties; the Senate has changed. The So we’ve got the programs. Now, the fact one institution—those who know how to that that’s not resonating and the press run the bank and the post office up there seems to be critical, that changes. I go back haven’t changed for 36 years. We are going to ’88, and I remember a great reporter to take that case to the American people. for the New York Times—I don’t know what he’s doing now, but I think he’s gone The Economy onto greater things—saying, ‘‘dogged by Q. My question to you concerns us as Iran-Contra, the President landed in Iowa young Americans. When we get out of col- today.’’ They’ve always got some kind of lege and university, how are we going to sensationalist thing. be assured as qualified Americans that there But the facts are the programs are sound. will be jobs for us to pursue our careers I hope that I will pass the test of commit- as citizens? ment to country. I am proud, as I told Dom The President. One, the economy is im- earlier, of having served my country. I be- proving. Not near enough. It is growing. lieve that what we’ve accomplished around You wouldn’t hear that—I keep citing a sta- the world is substantial, major, the ending tistic that 92 percent of the economic news of the cold war. I think what we did with has been negative as you analyze it. They’ve Yeltsin, getting rid of these ICBM’s, I hap- got this group that analyzes the news cov- pen to think it’s big, and you don’t read erage. A tremendous percentage, 60 per- a darn thing about it in the press. cent, think the economy’s getting worse. A I didn’t listen, I’ve got to confess to you lot of people are hurting, but the overall guys I did not listen to the Democratic Na- national economy is growing, not near tional Convention. I was fishing. I suppose enough. I could have turned on a radio, but I just What I want to do is stimulate it to grow didn’t feel inclined to do it. But there was more. That was what was behind and still no mention, I am told retrospectively, of remains behind an incentive program that the major accomplishments that the Amer- ican people and this administration has encourages buying homes; that encourages made in bringing peace to the world and getting the deficit down; that encourages standing up against aggression in the proc- changing the—this is technical—but the ess, setting an example. So when I said in IRA rules; that encourages an investment my remarks people look to the United tax allowance to stimulate the investment States for leadership, they do, but that has in equipment that actually brings jobs. So no resonance. I think it will. I think every jobs are being created, not fast enough. family in America in their hearts know that If I can get the American people to give we are in a less-threatened position. the strong support in Congress for the eco- I loved it when I’m told that my oppo- nomic program, I believe that’s the best nent, one of them I guess, at the convention guarantee of jobs for people. It is not going said, ‘‘Well we’ve changed the world. Now to be Government-created jobs, by the Gov- let’s change America.’’ Hey, a Democratic ernment getting into the private sector. I candidate dropped out of the race for pla- oppose that. This idea of an industrial policy giarism last year. This is a comment that where the Government should pick the win- I’ve been saying, and now we’re trying to ners and losers is wrong. What we ought get it done. We have changed the world. to do is increase the R&D credits so you Now let’s change America. Use that same stimulate the research that has made this leadership. country a job-creating country. And parenthetically, if you want to know So that’s the program that I’ll be taking what I think really needs to be changed, to the American people. it is the control of the House of Representa- tives. We have had the same control of Con- AIDS gress, same control in the House since 1956, Q. AIDS cases being so epidemic, do you maybe earlier. They talk about institutions have any national plans to inform the public changing; Presidents have changed, dif- and get the AIDS cases down so it

1143 July 20 / Administration of George Bush, 1992 doesn’t keep rising? with compassion. We’ve go to demonstrate The President. The question is on AIDS the concern that we all feel in our hearts cases being so epidemic. Absolutely. We about this. We’ve got to be sure that we asked for $4.9 billion. We’ve been spending do the utmost we can in research. And then at the rate of about $4.3 billion on AIDS. we’ve got to all speak out in terms of the That’s about 10 times as much as on, say, behaviors that cause AIDS in some cases, cancer, per case. We have got to educate not all, but in some cases. I plan to continue the American people, and I’m trying to do to do that. that. We’ve got to demonstrate compassion. But it’s a national problem. It’s one where We have got to go against behavior that we really—it’s heartbreak hill. It’s just ev- causes AIDS. Education: AIDS is one dis- erybody in one way or another has a friend ease that can’t be totally controlled by be- that’s touched with this. We just simply havior but some of it can, dirty needles, have to win this fight, and I’m optimistic for example. So we’ve got to win that drug we will. fight. We have got the biggest and best re- Listen, I gather they’re telling me we’re search, by far, program of any country in out of here. But we only got about 4 per- the world. cent of the questions, I think. But thank I had a couple of the top specialists in you very, very much. And I wish we didn’t here the other day, Dr. Fauci at NIH. They have to go. Thank you all. And good luck are encouraged in what that research will to all of you. We’re very, very proud of you. bring. Some of you are—well, none of you were alive when they discovered the Salk Note: The President spoke at 9:32 a.m. in vaccine for polio, but that’s the line they’re the Rose Garden at the White House. Dur- approaching it, our great research labs. I ing the question-and-answer session, Steve am somewhat optimistic about achieving a Kennedy, Mississippi representative and sec- major breakthrough in that. retary of the senate for Boys Nation, pre- But in the meantime, we’ve got to speak sented a polo shirt to the President.

Statement on the Resignation of Va´clav Havel as President of Czechoslovakia July 20, 1992

Today President Va´clav Havel resigned has made a historic and heroic contribution from his post as the President of the Czech to the cause of freedom. We are confident and Slovak Federal Republic. President he will continue to do so whatever the fu- Havel is one of the outstanding statesmen ture may bring. of our time, and we regret his departure. The future of the Czech and Slovak Fed- President Havel’s courage has come to sym- eral Republic is up to its people. We will bolize the determination of all the peoples respect their decision and are confident it of Eastern Europe to reject communism will be peaceful, cooperative, and demo- and to accept the challenges of the transi- cratic. We look forward to sustaining our tion to democracy and a free market econ- traditionally close relations with its people. omy. He energized, as he once wrote, ‘‘the power of the powerless.’’ President Havel

1144 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / July 21

Exchange With Reporters on Iraq July 21, 1992

Q. Mr. President, have you heard any- with the United Nations resolution. And we thing about Saddam Hussein being assas- are insisting that they comply with the U.N. sinated? resolution. But I know nothing about the The President. I only saw a wire service other at all. report. And they have no confirmation of that at all. Note: The exchange began at 10:20 a.m. on Q. Is the U.S. ready to turn up the heat the South Lawn at the White House prior on Iraq again, Mr. President? to the President’s departure for Philadel- The President. We want Iraq to comply phia, PA.

Remarks at the Presidential Open Forum on Educational Choice in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania July 21, 1992

The President. Before taking your ques- those that are selected by the people who tions let me just make a few brief com- participate in this marvelous program. ments. The first, of course, is to say how I also want to salute Lamar Alexander, very, very pleased I am to be here, and the former Governor of the State of Ten- secondly, to thank Maria for that extraor- nessee, an outstanding Secretary of Edu- dinarily personal and generous and kind cation who is not afraid to take on the edu- welcome and introduction; to say to Kelly cational establishment because he knows Geiger, I’m glad he’s not running for Presi- and I know that in the program we have, dent this year—[laughter]—articulate guy a program called America 2000, we are on that he is. But I was most moved, as I told the right track in terms of offering the best His Eminence, by Kelly’s presentation and possible education to every kid in this coun- by Maria’s introduction. try. We literally want to revolutionize edu- I want to say how pleased I was to be cation and bring the control and participa- here for the lovely grace, most appropriately tion as close as possible to the families, as said before our meeting here today. May close as possible to the local communities. I salute His Eminence Cardinal Bevilacqua That’s the rationale behind what I think is and salute him for his leadership in working the best and boldest new education program for the broad principle that kids ought to that’s been ever conceived for our country. be able to choose the school that they at- Again, I want to take that case to the Amer- tend. It is a sound principle, and I support ican people. it strongly. We’ve made some progress in education, Our ‘‘GI bill’’ for children is not con- but we’ve got to do more. We have six na- ceived out of denigration for the public tional education goals that we’ve set out, school system. Indeed, the way our proposal and it ranges all the way from Head Start, works, it would enhance and strengthen the support for that, all the way up to the fact public schools, as well as providing choice that no one’s too old to learn. Lamar talked for the families that want to send their kids me into demonstrating that no one is too to parochial schools, to private schools, be old to learn, and I’ve learned now how to they religious or not. turn on my computer, and I am making So we’ve got a good proposal. I support dramatic headway. [Laughter] I refuse to it all the way, and I will fight for it. I believe take on any of these kids, however, in com- that it will make all schools better, not just puter science. But we’ve got a good pro-

1145 July 21 / Administration of George Bush, 1992 gram, and it fits nicely into the values that thing we must never forget. I believe the church here epitomizes. We have these wandering microphone One last conclusion, and then I’ll take holders here. I don’t know how they were your questions. I met today with some may- selected for this awesome responsibility. But ors from various communities across the nevertheless, somebody stick their hand up, country, the Mayor of New Orleans, a large and we’ll just take a few questions before city, the Mayor of a tiny town of Herne, I have to go on to New Jersey. Texas, down in my part of the world. They All right, don’t be shy. Kelly, come on, got onto this subject of family values, some- you ask—let me just—we’re encouraging thing that Kelly talked about I thought in this. Here we are, right here, sir. a most articulate way, something that obviously His Eminence stands for, and it’s [A participant expressed concern about the something we’ve been talking about at our affordability of parochial school for his table over here. I remembered not just this grandchildren and supported the President’s meeting but a meeting I had with the other proposal.] mayors from the National League of Cities. They told me, as this group did today, that The President. Well, we’re going to con- the major worry that they have in terms tinue to support it, Officer. I’ll tell you, I of cities, the major thing that contributes am not pessimistic about the economic fu- to crime in the cities or lack of discipline ture. One of the things we must do—and or disorder, is the decline of the American set aside for a minute this question of edu- family. We have got to find ways to cational choice—one of the things we must strengthen it. do is succeed in our overall approach to In this audience, obviously, I’m preaching quality education. The way we are going to the choir. I’m talking to people that live to guarantee the future for your kids and these values, in churches that stand for the those that follow is going to be to have an values. But it is very, very important that economic environment, an economic envi- we find ways to improve, to help families ronment in this country where people can restore those great family values of dis- get jobs. cipline and respect and order, and respect We’ve been through this long, slow reces- for one’s parents, and right from wrong, and sion. We’re growing a little bit now as a the values that, I’ll be honest, a lot of us, country. In my view, we are poised for a my generation, just took for granted simply. good recovery. Our interest rates are down; But now we’ve got to find ways as citizens, inflation is down, and all of this. But to as people involved in politics, whether succeed, to really compete in the world, we you’re President of the United States or are going to have to succeed in achieving someone in the local spectrum here, to do by the end of this decade our six edu- what we can to strengthen the family values. cational goals. I think we can do it. If we When Kelly spoke from his heart as he do, we’re going to be able to compete. We’ll did, it made a tremendous impression on have better jobs, and we’re going to be able me. There’s an awful lot of good out here in this country, an awful lot to be proud to sell more abroad. Exports have saved us, of, an awful lot to respect. We’re in a funny incidentally, in this slow, anemic time, a time now where it’s fashionable to tear time of anemic economic growth. down our country or to offer some theory So as I look at how to answer the ques- that we’ve been wrong in the past. But tions to your kids coming along, one of when it comes to values, when it comes them has got to be success in achieving to education, I think that we must turn to these six national educational goals. Then, where our strength is, and that is helping of course, a part of that is school choice; improve the family, but it is also in our a part of that is encouraging, every way we faith. I won’t ever forget as long as I’m can, excellence in education. President, Lincoln talked about going to his We’ve got good programs to increase the knees in prayer. I’ll also not forget that we math and science. I was only half kidding are one Nation under God, and that’s some- when I mentioned the computer. We are

1146 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / July 21 not going to succeed and compete abroad or private university. You can go wherever if we don’t do better in math and science. you want. That has benefited the public uni- Lamar has pushed through some very strong versities. Most people that look back and support for those who are studying and analyze participation in the GI bill will tell teaching in math and science. So we can you that the competition that came from make it, but we’ve got to go along and suc- this benefited the public university. ceed in our goals here. That same principle of choice and no Yes, sir. means testing will apply to this program that [A participant asked about the funding for we’re talking about now. So you would get the President’s proposal.] some relief. That doesn’t answer how you cope with the other costs, but in terms of The President. The money is coming from this educational ‘‘GI bill’’ for children, the a regular appropriation, if we can get it middle class that you’re talking about would passed. It will start as a $500 million dem- be covered. onstration program, and it’s figured into our Yes, way back there, Father. budget so it will not increase the deficit. It will come through the regular appropria- [A participant expressed concern that lower tions process in the Congress if we can get income and minority students could not af- the United States Congress to think new ford Catholic schools and asked if the Presi- thoughts. The problem is many that control dent’s proposal could really be passed.] the educational establishment in Washing- The President. I’m not sure I can answer ton are in the grips of a very powerful in the affirmative. I can tell you we are union, the NEA. If you’ll excuse me one totally committed. I can’t guarantee you that political comment, it seems to be an arm of the opposition party. They are not think- this Congress, sitting there as it is, will pass ing anew. They are fighting us on school it. We all need to get behind it. But I can choice, and many of the Congressmen just guarantee you I am going to clearly take don’t want to stand up against that. this case to the American people this fall, But it doesn’t matter what party you’re get it in focus, and have that a part of the in, we’ve got to get the programs through. ingredient upon which people vote. Then, if it gets passed, it is already covered I am determined not to bring into this under our budget, so it won’t add to the lovely school arena, gymnasium, or whatever deficit. That’s the way it will come, regular wonderful auditorium we’re in a lot of par- appropriations. tisan politics. But here is an issue upon which I have a distinct difference with my [A participant asked about educational as- opponent. I will be making that case, not sistance for middle-income families.] in a negative way but saying, here’s what The President. You’re right. And this pro- I am for; here’s what I am going to fight gram that we’re talking about here today, for. If you believe in this, you ought to vote there is no means testing. A family like not only for me but for Members of the yours would be covered, a family like yours United States Congress whose support is who, you know, hard-working people and going to be necessary to pass this legislation. want to have this question of choice. That But the reason I have to hedge a little $1,000 would go to the family. As His Emi- on the question is, I’ll be honest with you, nence said, it isn’t a question of church and we’re moving into a very political environ- state being involved here; we’re talking ment in Washington, and I don’t know about to the family. whether this Congress is going to take up Let me give you an example of how this and support this legislation now or not. I’m would work, and this goes back into history. going to challenge them to do that, but we’ll When I got out of the Navy a thousand see if they do it. But that’s the one good years ago, I participated in what was called thing about an ugly election year; you get the GI bill. They didn’t say to me, you can it in focus. Right now it’s not. I don’t think have this money to go to a certain kind every American is thinking, am I for the of school, a public university or a parochial ‘‘GI bill’’ or not? I’ve got to do a better

1147 July 21 / Administration of George Bush, 1992 job making them know that this is an issue. ed, I think it’s every 4-year-old, isn’t it, eligi- But the good thing is that will be clearly ble 4-year-old. a distinction between candidates for Presi- Back again? Shoot, Doctor. dency, for Congress. And the American people will decide. Then you move early; [The participant also suggested better dis- you move quick with that mandate ringing semination of information to local groups in the ears of the Congress to get it passed. to enable them to work for congressional I think it will be held over. I hope we can support of the national education goals.] get it done soon. The President. It’s a very broad and dif- [A participant asked about funding for edu- ficult question to answer. Clearly, citizen cation of handicapped children.] participation is going to make a difference. It doesn’t hurt to start with your own Con- The President. Presidents are never sup- gressman, regardless of party. It doesn’t posed to say ‘‘I don’t know.’’ That’s a very hurt to start with your own Senators. But bad form. And Presidents are supposed to I think that we do need to do a better job, know absolutely everything and not be quite and I would accept full responsibility for as omnipotent as the Cardinal but neverthe- this, in getting the American people in- less—[laughter]—know a lot. I would ask Lamar to address the question of what kind formed. of funding we’re doing. But I will say this, Because, you’re right, a lot of this has one of the great, the most forward-looking been languishing in the Congress. I have pieces of civil rights legislation that has a great big battle with the Congress on been passed in history was the Americans many, many issues. I’m not saying I’m al- for Disabilities Act. I take great pride in ways right, but the result has been, as we being the steward of that legislation. In fair- try to move these kind of things through, ness, I’ve got to say it wasn’t Republican; and the American people are saying there’s it wasn’t just Democrat. It was a case where gridlock, nothing can happen. The way to we could get together with the Congress change that is to look at the electoral proc- and do something that was right for people, ess. Do not get turned off for politics. If so that people that were born with disabil- you believe in this ‘‘GI bill’’ or if you believe ities would not be shoved off to the side in strengthening the family or whatever it but find a way to get instrumentally in- is, then vote for people that agree with you. volved in the system itself to the best of Then you can dramatically change things. their abilities. So that is the fundamental way to get it Lamar, do you know the answer on fund- done. But how we can disseminate informa- ing, what we’re doing on special ed? Maybe tion better, that’s something that I’ve got you could grab the mike. And if you don’t, to find out because I don’t think a lot of pass it over to the Cardinal. [Laughter] people know of the conviction I feel on edu- Secretary Alexander. Two quick points, cation, on excellence, on choice, and on Mr. President; I’ll be glad to sit down with these very, some would say, revolutionary the lady afterwards and talk a little more. concepts but concepts that ought to be One is the funding for special education has tried. been increased, but not as much as it takes So don’t give up on the political process to fully fund the law that you’ve mentioned. is what I’d say. The President’s top budget priority: more [A participant urged others to vote for can- new money into Education this year than didates who support educational choice.] any other Department in the Federal budget. The President. Thank you, sir, very much. Second, there have been big increases in I’ll make a broad comment on that; cer- Head Start over the last 4 years, 127 per- tainly grateful for what this gentleman said. cent while the Federal budget only went There’s disenchantment. But the worst up 25 percent. That helps with the early thing to do is to give up: ‘‘So, I’m not going intervention for young children. to vote. I’m going to sit on the sidelines. The President. In fact, we have fully fund- Nobody can get anything done.’’ You look

1148 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / July 21 around the world today, and the United So don’t worry that the whole system is States is still the envy of the entire world. going to collapse. For us to give up on our system because But as President, and I’m sure everyone of a frustration, we ought not to do that. here would agree with this, it isn’t a ques- We have got to do exactly what you’ve said. tion of just making these schools better and I am not going to give up on fighting then denying the great public school system for this. The election offers us a great opin this country. We want to make that bet- portunity. I’m not just talking about me; as ter. We want to bring change to those mar- you said, I’m talking about Congress where velous institutions that can do a better job. we must change things. I won’t give you We think this whole concept of choice will my political speech about one party control- improve everybody else as well as helping ling the United States Congress since 1956. the families. They don’t know how to run a post office, So I don’t look at it in a catastrophic and they don’t know how to run a bank. sense. I look at it in the sense of real oppor- We need to change that while we’re at it. tunity to help families here, to help kids [A participant said that without financial here achieve what they want to achieve, but assistance, her younger siblings would be not at the expense of the public schools. unable to attend Catholic high school.] That’s the point we’ve got to make. The President. Was there a question, or The NEA, that national union, is fighting are you just explaining? If there was a ques- me on this. They are fighting hard, but they tion, I am embarrassed to say I couldn’t are not willing to look at the big picture. hear it. But I did get your statement. Thank They’re not willing to look at the establish- you. ment. Art, sitting at our table, was telling me about that. He’s a teacher in the public [A participant speculated that the collapse schools, and this NEA crowd is fighting any of the private school system would place a kind of change because they just like it the burden on public education.] way it’s been. I don’t like it the way it’s The President. You know how to com- been. I want to help those public schools plicate my life; don’t do that. You ask a get better. I want to see families have their good question. You know, I love the pride choice to send their kids to the schools they that obviously you feel in the education want. And that’s the message. That’s the un- you’re getting. I love the family feeling derlying message. So when you hear the big around here about the importance of pro- assault on us in the fall about this question, viding this kind of education with family and please do not be taken in by that rhetoric. faith and all of that as a centerpiece. I This is going to enhance education all across mean, that’s good. the board, in my view. As President I’ve got to look at that, and All right. Are we out of here? Okay, I’m then I’ve got to look beyond it: What can going to violate a rule. I’ve been in politics we do to strengthen all the education in a long time, half my life in politics, half this country? They aren’t going to crater; in private life. This lesson I learned in poli- these schools are not going to crater. The tics: If you take one more question, you private schools are not going to crater and always get in trouble. But go ahead, what fall down. You’ve got too much going for is it? Question, not a speech, please, sir. you in terms of excellence. And yes, it’s a [Laughter] strain on the Catholic Church. I was told [A participant stated his support for the by a leading businessman in Philadelphia President’s reelection as the best way to ad- coming out here that business people in dress the Nation’s problems.] Philadelphia put up something like $75 million, I believe was the fee—not Catholic; The President. That is the exception that others put it up there—to support the paro- proves the rule I was talking about. [Laugh- chial schools, the private schools and paro- ter] chial schools, because they believed in of- Let me say, first of all, thank you. I think fering the best possible quality education. I know where you’re coming from. Even

1149 July 21 / Administration of George Bush, 1992

Presidents get moved by anecdotes and talk we restructure and strengthen the American of family like that. family? We do have to win this war against drugs But I will do my level-best to take to and crime. This gentleman’s a police officer. the American people the case that your We have anticrime legislation—again, I comments brought to my mind: Strengthen don’t want to be placing blame, but it is the family and the neighborhoods by protec- languishing in the House of Representa- tion; do it by education; do it by changing tives—that would support the police officers the welfare system to have respect for learn- that are laying their lives on the line for ing and work and not just dependency. you and me every single day: more support Then do it in a Christian way, as I would for them, tougher sentencing, a little more say here in a Christian setting, but do it respect for the victims of crime, and a little in a way of faith because you’ve got to rec- less concern about the criminal himself. ognize that a lot of people have had it very, We have got legislation up there that real- very rough. ly needs to go now to the American people. I will end with this, and I hope you un- I’ll be doing this in the fall after we get derstand. Barbara Bush says what happens out of this funny period we’re in now, and in your house is what’s more important than say: Do you want to be tougher on this in the White House. In a way she’s right crime? Do you want to have, yes, rehabilita- because what she’s talking about there is tion and all of that? Do you want to the need to hold these families together, strengthen the families that are threatened lift these kids up and give them the love. when some mother’s coming home at night Every kid has to have somebody that knows on a subway or a bus and the kids waiting his name. Sometimes, in this hopelessness there, doesn’t even know if she’s going to and despair, that doesn’t take place. make it back there? The answer is we do So, I really want to help you try to get have to be hardnosed and tough against the to the bottom of what you’ve talking about criminal element and then support those here. It is an odd year. It has not been and try to rehabilitate some of these kids particularly pleasant for me or my family, that are caught up in this drug fight. but I’m a fighter, and I’m going to take We’ve got a good program called ‘‘Weed this case to the American people. and Seed’’ that I went over with the police May God bless all of you. Thank you very, chief here before he moved out to Califor- very much. nia. It weeds out of the neighborhoods the criminal elements and then seeds them with Note: The President spoke at 12:36 p.m. at jobs and hope and opportunity and home- Archbishop Ryan High School. In his re- ownership and a lot of other things. marks, he referred to students Maria So, no Federal program is going to solve Manzoni, a junior at St. Maria Goretti High it. What’s going to solve it is what you feel School, and Kelly Geiger, a senior at Roman surrounded by family, love, and faith in this Catholic High School; and Anthony Car- room. I really mean this. Don’t take my dinal Bevilacqua, Archbishop of Philadel- word for it; talk to these mayors. How do phia.

Remarks to Religious and Ethnic Groups in Garfield, New Jersey July 21, 1992

May I thank you, Governor Kean, for that all. May I ask that we pay our respects to warm welcome back. May I salute our assem- His Beatitude, Metropolitan Theodosius, the blyman, Chuck Haytaian, our senate presi- Archbishop of Washington, the Primate of dent, Don DiFrancesco, and our House can- the Church; and Archbishop Peter, Bishop didate, Pat Roma. I’m delighted to see you Paul, Father Alex, and members of

1150 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / July 21 the Three Saints parish. Thank you for wel- will make us more secure than at any time coming me and so many thousands of your since the dawn of the nuclear age. These neighbors in New Jersey. Good afternoon to kids can go to sleep without worrying about Congresswoman Marge Roukema, that’s out nuclear war because of the changes we have there somewhere, and the wonderful people brought to this country. in this audience that represent the rich di- Little more than 2 years ago, I welcomed versity of New Jersey. to the White House Poland’s then—the first Your heritage is Cuban and Vietnamese non-Communist prime minister since Sta- and Jewish and Christian and Irish and Afri- lin’s conquest of Eastern Europe. This can and Polish and Chinese and Armenian brave man, Tadeusz Mazowiecki, spoke and so many, many others, and you’re some of the clearest and wisest words about Americans all. You are Americans. Your the times we live in. He said, ‘‘History is spirit enriches our country, and it fuels the accelerating.’’ And with those words, he flame of freedom all over the world. foretold the fall of the Soviet empire. These gleaming church domes remind me This wave of history, this surge of hope of the skyline of a great city. Since my last is not confined to Europe. The Afghan peo- trip to Moscow, the Russian people have ple have won back their homeland. In An- toppled the idols of Soviet communism. gola and in other African countries, people They have begun renewing the Russian na- are digging out from under the rubble of tion. And just consider the signs of the tyranny. Mark my words: During my second times: In Red Square this Easter, the gigan- term as President, the probability is high, tic picture of Lenin was gone, and in its it is very high that greater freedom will place was a massive icon of the Risen Lord, come to more than a billion people in Viet- a powerful symbol of the new birth of free- nam, in North Korea, and in China. dom for believers all around the world. Today Germany is free and united. Closer to home, we also have more vic- Ukraine is free and democratic. Poland is tories for freedom. The Castro dictatorship free. And the rollcall of freedom includes is on its last legs. Here’s what I envision: Hungary and Armenia, the Czech and Slo- Within the next 4 years, I will be the first vak Republic, Bulgaria, Byelarus, Lithuania, President of the United States to set foot Estonia, Latvia, and many, many more. At on the soil of a free and democratic Cuba, long last, the captive nations of the old So- and that’s good for all of us. I am deter- viet empire are free. mined to keep America the leader in the But our work is not finished. In Asia, in struggle for world freedom. Latin America, in other regions, some na- I am every bit as determined to protect tions still suffer oppression. Some people the sources of our strength right here at are still struggling to be free. That’s why, home in the good old U.S.A. During the one of the reasons, I want your support to next 4 years, I’ll keep helping American serve 4 more years as President, to com- workers and entrepreneurs carry us to new plete the job of freedom around the world. heights of achievement. I will fight for the We’ve got to use our energy, we’ve got to rights of American parents and American use our experience to solidify the historic families. We must restore respect for the changes that have given birth to these new American family. The family is under siege. democracies abroad and made us secure at The choices in this election are clear: On home. one side, the advocates of the liberal agen- These events benefit every American. The da; on the other side are you and I and free world’s triumph in the cold war, those values of family that we share. brought about by the steadfast efforts of They want to tighten the monopoly on America, of the American people, of her our kids’ education. I am fighting on your allies, gives us a chance to establish for side, as Tom said, for parents’ rights to these kids here a lasting peace. The mo- choose their children’s schools, public, pri- mentous arms agreement that I reached last vate, or religious. And our ‘‘GI bill’’ for chil- month with President Yeltsin, this reduction dren gives middle- and low-income families with its sweeping cuts in nuclear weapons, more of the same choices of all schools that

1151 July 21 / Administration of George Bush, 1992 people with a lot of money already have. next month marks the first anniversary of Two years ago, they tried to create a new that attempted coup in Moscow, of those bureaucracy, this one for child care. I won fateful days in August when Russia’s demo- my fight to let parents choose their chil- cratic future was laid on the line, when dren’s care, including church-based care. I world peace hung in the balance. I’m sure will keep on fighting for that kind of choice each one of us has indelible memories of for the American family. those days. I certainly do, and I am proud They want public schools to hand out that we had the courage and the leadership birth control pills and devices to teenaged to stand by Russia’s democrats in their hour kids. They believe it’s no business of the of need. I am grateful for what Boris Yeltsin parents and that it’s strictly a matter be- said about American leadership and making tween our children and the Government. it possible for democracy to come to Russia. They even encourage kids to hire lawyers You know, earlier this year, I had the and haul their parents into court. I believe privilege of hearing Slava Rostropovich re- kids need mothers and fathers, not Big count his memories at the National Prayer Brother bureaucracy. The bond between Breakfast in Washington. He’d flown to the parent and the child is sacred, and it Moscow at the first news of the coup, and is fundamental. he stood 3 days and nights with President The big government, liberal approach to Yeltsin and the defenders of freedom and welfare has failed. That’s why, just yester- democracy, protecting what the Russians day, I enthusiastically approved New Jer- call their White House. He told us that sey’s request to try a new approach to make deep in the night the only sound was from parents in the welfare system more respon- the movement of the tank treads. And he sible, to put parents back to work. said, ‘‘The aura of faith was almost palpable. And I’m ready to fight 4 more years to In that moment the salvation of us all and protect the traditional rights of parents and of the future of the country came only from families. Families are central to any civiliza- God.’’ tion. More than a century ago, Dostoyevsky My fellow Americans, we have the good imagined a nightmare world, a place where fortune not to live in the shadow of machine an all-powerful state crushed the natural guns and tanks. America will be safe so long rights of individuals and families. ‘‘And if as the United States of America stays God is dead,’’ he wrote, ‘‘then everything strong, so long as we continue to lead is permitted.’’ around the world. Well, looking out over this magnificent Let me repeat it: Barbara and I count audience, I can feel it: I know that your it a great blessing that when your kids and faith is alive, and family is the most impor- our grandchildren go to bed at night they tant thing we have here on this Earth. And don’t have the fear, that same kind of fear, we take to heart the words of ‘‘America the that fear of nuclear threat that we faced Beautiful’’: ‘‘Confirm thy soul in self-con- until just a few months ago. This is momen- trol...’’ We know that the America we love, tous. This is important to the entire world. the America that’s such a powerful beacon I am proud that our leadership brought it to the entire world, will not stay strong if about. the culture and the Government teach our Of course, we’ve got hard work ahead. kids that anything goes. We’ve got to keep our national security sec- Think about it. If we can tear down the ond to none. We’ve got to prove the pes- Berlin Wall, we can build a strong economy. simists wrong about America’s ability to If we can lift that Iron Curtain, we can compete and to create jobs and to expand bring the curtain down on immorality and America, to expand opportunity for all. We indifference and lawlessness. If we can help must protect and renew our most precious people walk free through the streets of Eu- resource, America’s families. rope, there’s no reason we cannot take back Now, to meet these challenges, to lead our streets right here in our neighborhoods the Nation, to fight on your side of the val- in the United States of America. ues we share—put party politics aside—but You know, being here reminds me that to fight on your share for these values,

1152 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / July 21 on your side, that’s why I’m asking you to Note: The President spoke at 3:22 p.m. at help me win another 4 years as President Three Saints Russian Orthodox Church. In of the United States of America. I will not his remarks, he referred to Metropolitan let you down. I will fight for the faith. I Theodosius (Lazor), Primate, Orthodox will fight for the American families. We are Church in America; Archbishop Peter one Nation under God, and never forget (L’Huiller), Orthodox Diocese of New York it. We can overcome any problems we face. and New Jersey; Bishop Paul (Ponomarev), Thank you. And may God bless this great Vicar Bishop of the Patriarch of Moscow country, the freest, the fairest, the greatest and administrator of the U.S. patriarchal country on the face of the Earth. Thank parishes; the Very Reverend Alexander you all. Thank you very, very much. Golubov, rector, Three Saints Church; and Mstislav Rostropovich, National Symphony Orchestra director.

Statement on New Jersey Welfare Reform July 21, 1992

In my State of the Union Address, I sponsible behavior by parents receiving wel- pledged to help any State to reform its welfare. It will also offer incentives for such fare system by making it easier to obtain parents to work. waivers of Federal law and regulation. I am New ideas for reforming welfare abound pleased that we have approved Federal in the States. I am pleased New Jersey will waivers that will allow New Jersey to imple- be one of the ‘‘laboratories of democracy’’ ment its welfare reforms. These waivers will for welfare reform. Careful efforts to try allow New Jersey to try a new approach new ideas and evaluate how well they work to helping welfare dependent families be- can help us create a better welfare system. come independent. New Jersey’s efforts today will make for New Jersey’s approach, called the Family smarter policy tomorrow. Development Program, will encourage re-

Message to the Congress Transmitting the Luxembourg-United States Social Security Agreement July 21, 1992

To the Congress of the United States: ment is similar in objective to the social Pursuant to section 233(e)(1) of the Social security agreements already in force with Security Act, as amended by the Social Se- Austria, Belgium, Canada, France, Ger- curity Amendments of 1977 (Public Law many, Italy, The Netherlands, Norway, Por- 95–216, 42 U.S.C. 433(e)(1)), I transmit tugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, and the herewith the Agreement between the United Kingdom. Such bilateral agreements United States of America and the Grand provide for limited coordination between Duchy of Luxembourg on Social Security, the United States and foreign social security which consists of two separate instru- systems to eliminate dual social security cov- ments—a principal agreement and an ad- erage and taxation, and to help prevent the ministrative arrangement. The agreement loss of benefit protection that can occur was signed at Luxembourg on February 12, when workers divide their careers between 1992. two countries. The United States-Luxembourg agree-

1153 July 21 / Administration of George Bush, 1992

I also transmit for the information of the enclosed. I note that the Department of Congress a report prepared by the Depart- State and the Department of Health and ment of Health and Human Services, ex- Human Services have recommended the plaining the key points of the agreement, agreement and related documents to me. along with a paragraph-by-paragraph expla- I commend the Agreement between the nation of the provisions of the principal United States of America and the Grand agreement and the related administrative Duchy of Luxembourg on Social Security arrangement. In addition, as required by and related documents. section 233(e)(1) of the Social Security Act, a report on the effect of the agreement on GEORGE BUSH income and expenditures of the U.S. Social Security program and the number of indi- The White House, viduals affected by the agreement is also July 21, 1992.

Message to the Congress Transmitting the Report on Federal Conservation and Use of Petroleum and Natural Gas July 21, 1992

To the Congress of the United States: gas in Federal facilities, which covers cal- As required by section 403(c) of the Pow- endar year 1991. erplant and Industrial Fuel Use Act of 1978, as amended (42 U.S.C. 8373(c)), I hereby GEORGE BUSH transmit the 13th annual report describing Federal actions with respect to the con- The White House, servation and use of petroleum and natural July 21, 1992.

Notice on Continuation of Iraqi Emergency July 21, 1992

On August 2, 1990, by Executive Order National Emergencies Act (50 U.S.C. No. 12722, I declared a national emergency 1622(d)), I am continuing the national to deal with the unusual and extraordinary emergency with respect to Iraq. threat to the national security and foreign This notice shall be published in the Fed- policy of the United States constituted by eral Register and transmitted to the Con- the actions and policies of the Government gress. of Iraq. By Executive Orders Nos. 12722 of August 2 and 12724 of August 9, 1990, GEORGE BUSH I imposed trade sanctions on Iraq and blocked Iraqi government assets. Because The White House, the Government of Iraq has continued its July 21, 1992. activities hostile to U.S. interests in the Middle East, the national emergency declared on August 2, 1990, and the measures [Filed with the Office of the Federal Reg- adopted on August 2 and August 9, 1990, ister, 4:07 p.m., July 21, 1992] to deal with that emergency must continue in effect beyond August 2, 1992. Therefore, Note: This notice was published in the Fed- in accordance with section 202(d) of the eral Register on July 23.

1154 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / July 21

Message to the Congress on Continuation of the National Emergency With Respect to Iraq July 21, 1992

To the Congress of the United States: been resolved. The Government of Iraq Section 202(d) of the National Emer- continues to engage in activities inimical to gencies Act (50 U.S.C. 1622(d)) provides for stability in the Middle East and hostile to the automatic termination of a national U.S. interests in the region. Such Iraqi ac- emergency unless, prior to the anniversary tions pose a continuing unusual and extraor- date of its declaration, the President pub- dinary threat to the national security and lishes in the Federal Register and transmits vital foreign policy interests of the United to the Congress a notice stating that the States. For these reasons, I have deter- emergency is to continue in effect beyond mined that it is necessary to maintain in the anniversary date. In accordance with force the broad authorities necessary to this provision, I have sent the enclosed no- apply economic pressure to the Government tice, stating that the Iraqi emergency is to of Iraq. continue in effect beyond August 2, 1992, to the Federal Register for publication. GEORGE BUSH The crisis between the United States and Iraq that led to the declaration on August The White House, 2, 1990, of a national emergency has not July 21, 1992.

Presidential Determination No. 92–36—Memorandum on Refugee Assistance to Burma July 21, 1992

Memorandum for the Secretary of State tributed on a multilateral or bilateral basis Subject: Determination Pursuant to Section as appropriate to international organizations, 2(c)(1) of the Migration and Refugee private voluntary organizations, and other Assistance Act of 1962, as Amended— governmental and nongovernmental organi- Burma zations engaged in this relief effort. You are authorized and directed to inform Pursuant to section 2(c)(1) of the Migra- the appropriate committees of the Congress tion and Refugee Assistance Act of 1962, of this determination and the obligation of as amended, 22 U.S.C. 2601(c)(1), I hereby funds under this authority, and to publish determine that it is important to the na- this memorandum in the Federal Register. tional interest that $3 million be made available from the U.S. Emergency Refugee and GEORGE BUSH Migration Assistance Fund (the ERMA Fund) to meet the unexpected and urgent [Filed with the Office of the Federal Reg- refugee needs of Burmese refugees and dis- ister, 2:40 p.m., July 28, 1992] placed persons. These funds may be con-

1155 July 21 / Administration of George Bush, 1992

Nomination of Lou E. Dantzler To Be a Member of the National Commission on America’s Urban Families July 21, 1992

The President today appointed Lou E. large part to a commitment to strong fami- Dantzler, of California, to be a member of lies and parental involvement. On May 8, the National Commission on America’s 1992, President Bush recognized the Chal- Urban Families. This is a new position. lengers Club as the 766th Daily Point of Currently Mr. Dantzler serves as execu- Light. Mr. Dantzler has received numerous tive director of the Challengers Boys and awards for his dedicated work with children, Girls Club in south central Los Angeles. He including an NAACP Image Award in 1990, founded the Challengers Club in 1968 in and he was the recipient of the 1991 L.A. the aftermath of the Watts riots. The club Sentinel Outstanding Organization of the provides activities, including arts and crafts, Year. sports, health instruction, and field trips to Mr. Dantzler served in the Air Force nearly 2,200 members, ages 6 through 17. from 1956 to 1960. He is married, has two The success of the Challengers is due in children, and resides in Los Angeles, CA.

Remarks to the President’s Drug Advisory Council July 22, 1992

Please be seated, and thank you very, very in the private sector. Today, I just want to much. I don’t know why they get such a thank all of you for what you’ve done to distinguished group here so early. I would help curb the drug use that declares open like the record to show that Jim and I are season on the innocent. almost on time. I saw some nervous looks The administration had hoped to cut the up at the sky. But here we are in the Rose overall drug use by 10 percent, and you Garden. I look around this audience, and all helped surpass that goal. We wanted to I am very grateful not just for your being slash occasional cocaine use by 15 percent; here but for this wonderful level of partici- it went down 22. Three separate studies pation in the fight against drugs. confirm that adolescents’ use of cocaine Obviously, I remain not only grateful to dropped 63 percent from 1988 to 1991. And but most impressed with the work that Jim America, a lot of America, put it this way, Burke is doing. Bill Moss is with us today, is clearly giving up drugs, and especially the Michael Walsh, and then other members of the President’s Drug Advisory Council. young. Therein lies an awful lot of hope. Alvah Chapman, my heavens, what he’s This is an important start, and I empha- done not only on the national scene but size that word ‘‘start,’’ in a difficult fight. in the community there in Florida is re- Today, according to the national drug con- markable. And so many other business and trol policy, there are still up to 12 million community leaders, I salute you all. users of illegal drugs. That’s why in Novem- I would say this: I would like to salute ber of 1989, we created the President’s people who have helped achieve the im- Drug Advisory Council to further mobilize probable. You ask anyone with a teenager the private sector in our antidrug strategy. or a grandchild, and drugs are no longer And thus began a great crusade of citizen- cool. When we presented this bipartisan— formed community coalitions against drugs. and we want to keep it that way—bipartisan In January I saw it firsthand when I met drug strategy almost 3 years ago, we put with more than 700 coalition leaders attend- great emphasis on the role of prevention ing your national leadership forum. I

1156 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / July 22 am told there are more than 900 of these $60 billion annually in lost productivity, community organizations, with more being health care, and other expenses. This harms formed daily. the ability of our businesses to succeed and I look forward to this October when they compete. By defeating drugs we will help will be helped by a new organization grow- America win in the global economy, we’ll ing out of the President’s Drug Advisory help educate our citizens for a new century, Council, the Community Antidrug Coali- and we’ll open more opportunity than ever tions of America. Now, this group is going for all Americans, preserving one Nation to work with business, with labor, with com- under God. munity leaders to eliminate drugs. Stopping drug abuse will help put Amer- So will another major initiative of our ica back to work, instill pride, increase pro- Council, which I’m pleased to announce ductivity, improve quality, and then again today. Eight months ago, I met with the Council’s Workplace Committee, and from heighten our competitiveness. Stopping that has come a program which seeks to drugs will also strengthen the family, remake every workplace in America drug-free, affirming values like discipline and self-reli- and its title, a very simple one: Drugs Don’t ance, courtesy, and belief in God. Work. If you ever want to understand the impor- Today the good news is that close to 90 tance of your work, do as I did yesterday percent of large companies do have antidrug when I met with the black mayors associa- programs, and we know that they do work. tion, or do what I did a couple of months The bad news is that we don’t have pro- before that when I met with the mayors grams where now they are needed the most, from the National League of Cities. They in small and medium-sized businesses. Here talked about the decline of the American you’ll find many of the more than 2 million family as the major source of urban decay. Americans who use cocaine and the 12 mil- They went on to emphasize the need to lion overall who use drugs. It’s for them win this battle against drugs as the way not that you and Council members like Frank just to whip the drug problem but to re- Tasco and Al Casey and David Clare, unite and strengthen the American family. George Dillon have teamed to provide free- They know that drug abuse costs incomes dom from drugs in the marketplace. and jobs, hurts the children, destroys mar- Last year I went down to the Tropicana riages. We’ve got to end it, and we will. plant, to Tropicana Products in Florida and We must all just pledge renewal that heard about their employee assistance pro- we’re going to get this job done. And that’s gram. One day an employee called this pro- why we have worked with the private sector gram’s toll-free line for help in battling ad- to expand and improve workplace programs. diction and alcoholism, and then very re- It’s why our antidrug budget for ’93, fiscal cently he wrote the local newspaper saying, ’93, is up by 93 percent since I took office. and here’s his quote, ‘‘The substance abuse treatment program was a godsend.’’ Well, Today I would urge the Congress once there’s stories like this all over the country. again, call on the United States Congress It’s also true of the employee of New to fund this request to spur effective treat- England Telephone who sent a thank-you ment and prevention. Above all, I call on note to Paul O’Brien. The letter described the Congress to pass crime legislation now how the company’s tough stand forced the up on the Hill. I still strongly favor a death woman to confront her alcohol and drug penalty for drug kingpins who kill our police problem. Today she’s back at work, healthy officers. Let those who sow the wind of and productive. crime reap the whirlwind of punishment. From coast to coast, business and labor As business and community leaders, each are working to drive drugs out of the work- of you is helping with a crusade. It really is place. Let me salute these beginnings, and as historic as Normandy and as deadly as let me also challenge you to build upon Pork Chop Hill, as monumental as the fall them. of imperial communism. It’s a crusade to Today drugs cost the economy more than take drugs off the streets so that Americans

1157 July 22 / Administration of George Bush, 1992 can take back the streets. We’ve got our the future will get the job done. work cut out for us, but I know that we’re So thank you all very, very much. Thanks going to triumph. for coming. And may God bless our great I am very grateful to all of you for what country. Thank you. we’ve already done. I’m not sure the Amer- ican—maybe this is something I can help Note: The President spoke at 9:15 a.m. in with—I’m not sure the American people the Rose Garden at the White House. In know that we have had some dramatic suc- his remarks, he referred to PDAC officials cesses, thanks to the work of the private James Burke, Chairman, J. Michael Walsh, sector and dedicated individuals sitting right Executive Director, and William Moss, here. We’ve got our work cut out for us, former Chairman; PDAC member Alvah H. but we’ve done a lot. With this new initia- Chapman, Jr.; and Paul O’Brien, chairman, tive, I’m confident that what you’ll do in New England Telephone.

Exchange with Reporters on the Presidential Campaign July 22, 1992

Q. Mr. President, is the Vice President’s You’ll maybe run into a few of the younger chair a little uncertain these days? crowd—sorry, that’s not a direct assault on The President. No, it’s very certain. I’m you cameramen. I want to be careful. not going to take any questions here be- [Laughter] cause we’ve got an awful lot of work to do. But seriously, it’s a crazy time on rumors. I hope you’ll understand, Charles [Charles We get phone calls: Barbara’s sick; Marilyn Bierbauer, Cable News Network], but we’re Quayle’s sick; I’m not feeling well. I don’t not going to take any more questions now. know what’s going on out there. But I don’t Q. What about Secretary Baker? believe in repeating them or encouraging The President. A lot of crazy rumors float- the printing of them. ing around, aren’t there? But I’m not going Thank you all very much. to—— Q. Are there any others you would like Q. Would you like to stop the rumors, to put to rest? sir? The President. Yes, like I’m feeling good; The President. ——say anything about it. I am. Put to rest the health rumors. It is No. I’m just going to let—— weird. Maybe this is the normal procedure Q. Where do you think these rumors are every 4 years, but I don’t remember it quite coming from, sir? on such funny things like whether I’m in The President. ——you guys get in that good health or not. Charles’ associate asked feeding frenzy that you love. And keep me the question, and I thought she was working on it, and be sure you get good criticizing the amount of food I was eating sources, though, because I read some that going through the barbecue line. She said don’t look pretty good—don’t look very to me, ‘‘What about your health?’’ I said, good. ‘‘Well, I’m not eating too much,’’ or some- Q. Which ones are they, Mr. President? thing. It turned out it was the rumors. The President. Source is you guys writing. Q. We don’t make them up, we just pass Q. Why do you think all these rumors them on. [Laughter] are out there, sir? The President. I don’t know, Charles, I don’t know. My health is pretty good, though, and I want to challenge the press Note: The President spoke at 11:12 a.m. in corps, everybody who’s 67 and over, to a the Cabinet Room at the White House prior race around the Oval here. [Laughter] to a Cabinet meeting.

1158 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / July 22

Remarks at the Presentation Ceremony for the National Medal of the Arts July 22, 1992

Welcome, everybody. Sorry for holding to brand the bold spirit of this land onto you up for a few minutes here. Welcome work that is universal and timeless. Amer- to the White House. May I salute Dr. ican-born and -trained Marilyn Horne not Radice. I don’t see Lamar. He was to be only sings with the passion and precision here, Lamar Alexander, our Secretary of that embody opera at its grandest, but she Education. I think I just left him, and he’ll also introduced composers such as Handel be along. Dr. Lynne Cheney, Members of to audiences here at home. By elevating the Congress, and so many distinguished American choral music to the highest levels guests, welcome. of excellence, the sweep of Robert Shaw’s Barbara and I are both delighted to be work has proclaimed the majesty of God here and proud to be part of an America throughout this Nation. which values arts as well as business or For some, being American means reach- science or politics. President Kennedy ex- ing from their roots to touch the Nation pressed so well the importance of this ideal on a larger-than-life canvas. Robert Wise when he said, ‘‘Roosevelt and Lincoln un- brings the perspective of his Indiana child- derstood that the life of the arts is very hood to the crafting of movies of imagina- close to the center of a nation’s purpose tion and humanity from ‘‘The Sound of and is a test of the quality of a nation’s Music’’ to ‘‘West Side Story.’’ And with the civilization.’’ courage and sheer power of his fierce talent, Well, we’re here today to pay tribute to Mississippi’s James Earl Jones has stamped some extraordinary men and women, men his purely American mark on classical roles and women of genius and passion who en- and created new characters who explore a rich that quality of life in our America. man’s quest for dignity. ‘‘Made in U.S.A.’’ has a new meaning today, I might say on a very personal note, when for almost all these artists were born in I saw ‘‘The Hunt for Red October’’ and small American towns, trained here in their ‘‘Patriot Games,’’ I enjoyed his performance own country, then turned this uniquely as Director of the CIA, a role that I played American vision to a wide range of artistic briefly myself. [Laughter] fields. Because of their vision, today we cel- For some, being American means flour- ebrate the sheer and priceless pleasure of ishing this country’s impatient exuberance being American. in the face of dusty tradition. Out of Robert For some, being American means being Venturi’s genius sprang the post-modern born into a certain regional tradition with movement of architecture, forever altering the talent to preserve that legacy and carry the way we see the cities around us. The it to a wider audience. Earl Scruggs brought writings of Denise Scott Brown, his wife the fast and furious banjo-pickin’ licks of and partner, have stimulated the American his bluegrass revolution from Flint Hill, awareness of architecture as public art. North Carolina, to Carnegie Hall. Down the For some, being American means passion- road in Nashville, for over a half a century, ate stewards of the arts, committed to bring- a sprightly cracker-barrel philosopher ing theater, painting, dance, music, and so named Minnie Pearl has been dispensing much more to all kinds of Americans across down-home wisdom and a whole lot of this country. Millions have been stirred and down-deep laughter. Jazz pianist Billy Tay- moved by cultural programming like ‘‘Om- lor’s music, including Jazzmobile Outreach, nibus,’’ part of the video trails blazed by ‘‘makes a joyful noise’’ and gives a special Robert Saudek, now caretaker to television’s streetwise swing to this most American form legacy at the Museum of Broadcasting. of expression. Two special companies have set the For some, being American means striving standard in corporate philanthropy. They

1159 July 22 / Administration of George Bush, 1992 give hundreds of grants and millions of dol- essential humanity of all Americans. lars, but most importantly, they give the ex- I firmly believe that our number one goal ample of believing in the importance of arts for the 21st century must be education. The for America. The AT&T Foundation sup- high-tech challenges of this global market- ports innovative projects all across the coun- place we’re living in will be absolutely over- try, ranging from tours by dance companies whelming. But as we equip our kids with and ethnic artists to original drama and the skills to compete, we also must help music composition. The Lila Wallace-Read- them develop as complete human beings. er’s Digest Fund aids American performing, One way to do this is through the arts. For visual, and literary artists who have a real without knowledge of the beauty and depth dream, and it also cares for the future, gen- of the human spirit, our successes are hol- erously funding arts education. low and our lives lacking. I want to take a moment for a special President John Adams wrote this: ‘‘I must salute to someone whose work has intrigued study politics that my sons may have liberty me since I first met him here at the White to study mathematics and philosophy in House a couple of years ago. When you order to give their children a right to study talk about being American, nothing can cap- painting, poetry, and music.’’ That is why ture the richness and depth of that experi- we celebrate these men and women today. ence quite like native American art. Not Congratulations to all. Thank you for your only is it our oldest and proudest tradition, contributions to the great tapestry that is but in native American society, art and life American art. Now I’d like to ask Dr. are strands of the same cloth. The ancient Radice to assist me in presenting these patterns on blankets and the dances and the medals, if you would. colors: Art is an integral and time-honored part of daily life. So I’m very proud to salute Note: The President spoke at 12:04 p.m. in Allan Houser. His hands transform bronze the East Room at the White House. In his and stone to capture the true meaning of remarks, he referred to Anne Radice, Acting this country’s unbroken spirit. His sculp- Chairman, National Endowment for the tures eloquently echo this Nation’s heritage Arts, and Lynne V. Cheney, Chairman, Na- of proud Apache chiefs and speak for the tional Endowment for the Humanities.

Remarks at an Antidrug Rally in Arlington, Virginia July 22, 1992

Reverend, thank you, sir. It is most fitting So what I wanted to do here today was that a ceremony like this, where we cele- simply turn it over to you all and hear what brate what a community has done, open its you’ve done. This morning I met at the meeting with prayer. I’m proud to be here. White House with some business leaders, My dear friend the Congressman from here, and they’re working in the business commu- Frank Wolf, he and I came over together, nity to make the business places free of and he was ecstatic in trying to give me drugs, workplaces drug-free. And they’re the heartbeat of this community and tell making progress. me what you all have achieved. The reduction in cocaine, casual use by I’ve read about it, I’ve seen stories from teenagers is down by 63 percent in the last time to time, but there’s nothing like being 3 years. So you all are making some on the scene to get a real feel. All I will progress. say is that we have got to find various ways But I really came over to not only con- with which to win the battle against drugs, gratulate you on this, what is it, the second and this community is setting an example anniversary of the initiation of this project, really for the rest of the Nation. but to say that the Government couldn’t

1160 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / July 22 possibly have done it, it couldn’t possibly Note: The President spoke at 1:58 p.m. at have happened without this community in- Drew Elementary School. In his remarks, volvement, dedicated women, dedicated he referred to Richard Green, associate pas- men saying, ‘‘Look, we’re going to safeguard tor of Mount Salvation Baptist Church, who these kids, these precious kids, against the gave the invocation. use of drugs.’’ So what I want to do is hear from you as to how it went.

Letter to Congressional Leaders Transmitting Proposed Legislation on Oregon Public Lands Wilderness Designation July 22, 1992

Dear Mr. Speaker: (Dear Mr. President:) River, to the small islands off the Oregon I am pleased to submit for congressional coast. These areas span a wide variety of consideration and passage the ‘‘Oregon Pub- Oregon landforms, ecosystems, and other lic Lands Wilderness Act’’. natural systems and features. Their inclu- The Federal Land Policy and Manage- sion in the wilderness system will improve ment Act of 1976 (FLPMA), (43 U.S.C. the geographic distribution of wilderness 1701, et seq.), directs the Secretary of the areas in Oregon, and will complement exist- Interior to review the wilderness potential ing areas of congressionally designated wil- of the public lands. derness. They will provide new and out- The review of the areas identified in Or- standing opportunities for solitude and egon began immediately after the enact- unconfined recreation. ment of FLPMA and has now been com- The enclosed draft legislation provides pleted. Approximately 2,806,598 acres of that designation as wilderness shall not con- public lands in 92 areas in Oregon met the stitute a reservation of water or water rights minimum wilderness criteria and were des- for wilderness purposes. This is consistent ignated as wilderness study areas (WSAs). with the fact that the Congress did not es- These WSAs were studied and analyzed tablish a Federal reserved water right for during the review process and the results wilderness purposes. The Administration documented in three environmental impact has established the policy that, where it is statements and five instant study area re- necessary to obtain water rights for wilder- ports. ness purposes in a specific wilderness area, Based on the studies and reviews of the water rights would be sought from the State WSAs, the Secretary of the Interior rec- by filing under State water laws. Further- ommends that all or part of 49 of the WSAs, more, it is the policy of the Administration totaling 1,278,073 acres of public lands, be that the designation of wilderness areas designated as part of the National Wilder- should not interfere with the use of water ness Preservation System. rights, State water administration, or the use I concur with the Secretary of the Interi- of a State’s interstate water allocation. or’s recommendations and am pleased to The draft legislation also provides for ac- recommend designation of the 49 areas (to- cess to wilderness areas by Indian people taling 1,278,073 acres) identified in the en- for traditional cultural and religious pur- closed draft legislation as additions to the poses. Access by the general public may be National Wilderness Preservation System. limited in order to protect the privacy of The proposed additions represent the di- religious cultural activities taking place in versity of wilderness values in the State of specific wilderness areas. In addition, to the Oregon. These range from the 9,730-foot fullest extent practicable, the Department Steens Mountain peak, to the deep canyons of the Interior will coordinate with the De- of the Owyhee River and the John Day partment of Defense to minimize the

1161 July 22 / Administration of George Bush, 1992 impact of any overflights during these reli- ably on the proposed legislation so that the gious cultural activities. natural resources of these WSAs in Oregon I further concur with the Secretary of the may be protected and preserved. Interior that all or part of 76 of the WSAs Sincerely, encompassing 1,528,525 acres are not suitable for preservation as wilderness. GEORGE BUSH Also enclosed are a letter and report from the Secretary of the Interior concerning the Note: Identical letters were sent to Thomas WSAs discussed above and a section-by-sec- S. Foley, Speaker of the House of Represent- tion analysis of the draft legislation. I urge atives, and Dan Quayle, President of the the Congress to act expeditiously and favor- Senate.

Nomination of Alan Greenspan To Be United States Alternate Governor of the International Monetary Fund July 22, 1992

The President today announced his inten- of Economic Advisers, 1970–74; as Chair- tion to nominate Alan Greenspan, of New man of the Council of Economic Advisers, York, to be U.S. Alternate Governor of the 1974–77; and was a member of the Presi- International Monetary Fund for a term of dent’s Economic Policy Advisory Board, 5 years. This is a reappointment. 1981. Dr. Greenspan currently serves as Chair- Dr. Greenspan graduated from New York man and Member of the Board of Gov- University (B.S., 1948; M.A., 1950; and ernors of the Federal Reserve System. Prior Ph.D., 1977). He was born March 6, 1926, to this, he served as chairman of Townsend- in New York, NY, and currently resides in Greenspan Co. & Inc., 1954–74 and 1977– Washington, DC. 87. Dr. Greenspan served on the Council

Nomination of Genta Hawkins Holmes To Be Director General of the Foreign Service July 22, 1992

The President today announced his inten- ment in several other positions, including tion to nominate Genta Hawkins Holmes, international affairs officer at the Bureau of of California, a career member of the Senior African Affairs, 1983; participant in the Sen- Foreign Service, class of Minister-Coun- ior Seminar at the State Department, 1982; selor, to be Director General of the Foreign and at the Agency for International Devel- Service. She would succeed Edward J. Per- opment as Assistant Administrator for Legis- kins. lative Affairs and as Acting Administrator, Ambassador Holmes currently serves as 1979–81. U.S. Ambassador to Namibia, 1990–present. Ambassador Holmes graduated from the She has also served as Deputy Chief of Mis- University of Southern California (A.B., sion in Pretoria, South Africa, 1988–89; 1962). She was born September 3, 1940, Port-Au-Prince, Haiti, 1986–88; and in Anadarko, OK. Ambassador Holmes is Lilongwe, Malawi, 1984–86. Ambassador married and currently resides in San Fran- Holmes has also served at the State Depart- cisco, CA.

1162 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / July 23

Statement on Signing the Higher Education Amendments of 1992 July 23, 1992

Today I am signing into law S. 1150, the ment standards for this program. ‘‘Higher Education Amendments of 1992.’’ I am particularly gratified that segments It reauthorizes the many programs in the of my AMERICA 2000 strategy are part of Higher Education Act of 1965. The legisla- this legislation. It provides for an alternative tion is broad in scope and significance, en- certification program by which States will compassing both the Pell Grant and Guar- develop new routes to teacher certification. anteed Student Loan programs as well as In addition, the legislation authorizes acad- a variety of other programs to assist students emies for teachers and school leaders to and institutions of higher education. I hope provide these educators with in-service that many middle- and low-income families training in academic and other educational who dream of a college education for their areas. children will find that this legislation helps I am also pleased that eligibility for Pell to make their dreams reality. Grants has been provided to students study- Educator Robert Maynard Hutchins once ing for degrees on a less than half-time said: ‘‘The object of education is to prepare basis. This provision was part of my ‘‘Life- the young to educate themselves throughout long Learning Act.’’ Providing grants to in- their lives.’’ I think the key phrase here is dividuals taking as little as one course at ‘‘throughout their lives.’’ Our intention is to a time toward their degree offers American make it easier for all Americans to pursue men and women some of the flexibility they postsecondary education and training need to improve their employment skills throughout their lifetimes—whether they while recognizing their commitments to jobs are just out of high school or returning to and families. This provision enables a work- school later in life. The world has changed, ing mother in a low-wage job to receive and a solid education is critical for all of financial assistance for courses that would us to compete effectively in today’s global qualify her for a better paying, high-skilled economy and function as responsible citi- job. It allows education to become the zens in our American democracy. mechanism by which those at the back of In pursuing the reauthorization of the the line can move to the front of the line— Higher Education Act of 1965, my Adminis- and realize the American dream. tration was guided by three major principles: improving access to postsecondary In addition to the laudable aspects of S. education—especially for middle- and low- 1150, the legislation unfortunately includes income students and families; enhancing ac- certain constitutionally troublesome provi- countability of all who play a role in post- sions relating to reports to the Congress secondary education programs; and promot- containing legislative recommendations and ing educational excellence. This legislation the use of audit standards established by is not perfect, but it moves in the direction the Comptroller General. I will construe of these principles. It contains a number these provisions to avoid constitutional dif- of valuable program integrity and loan de- ficulties and preserve the separation of pow- fault prevention provisions. In particular, ers required by the Constitution. these provisions will crack down on sham We now have the best system of colleges schools that have defrauded students and and universities in the world. As a next step, the American taxpayer in the past. The leg- I would like to see the same excellence at islation also will take the first steps toward the elementary and secondary school level. establishing the principle of rewarding aca- To change our country, we must change our demic achievement through the establish- schools, and I am pleased that the revolu- ment of Presidential Access Scholarships. tion has started and is spreading. There are This is an important first step, and I will 1,500 communities and 44 States committed work to raise further the academic achieve- to the AMERICA 2000 strategy.

1163 July 23 / Administration of George Bush, 1992

My AMERICA 2000 legislation calls for spend at any lawfully operating school of four transforming ideas: (1) a new genera- their choice—public, private, or religious. tion of break-the-mold New American Just as the original GI Bill and Pell Grants Schools; (2) world class standards and a sys- transformed higher education, the ‘‘GI tem of voluntary national exams that meas- Bills’’ for Children will help transform ele- ure progress that schools make toward mentary and secondary education. meeting those standards; (3) broad flexibility I am pleased to sign the ‘‘Higher Edu- for teachers and principals to help children cation Amendments of 1992.’’ I look for- achieve greater learning; and (4) parental ward to signing the ‘‘Federal Grants for choice of schools so that middle- and low- State and Local ‘GI Bills’ for Children’’ in income families have more of the same the near future, and I am hopeful we can choices of schools for their children that are work together to produce an AMERICA now the preserve of wealthier families. We 2000 bill just as we worked together on the cannot afford to accept business-as-usual bill I am signing today. here in Washington while the country de- GEORGE BUSH mands change and improvement. Yesterday, Senator Danforth and Con- The White House, gressman Gradison introduced my ‘‘Federal July 23, 1992. Grants for State and Local ‘GI Bills’ for Children.’’ It will give middle- and low-in- Note: S. 1150, approved July 23, was as- come families consumer power—dollars to signed Public Law No. 102–325.

Remarks on Signing the Higher Education Amendments of 1992 in Annandale, Virginia July 23, 1992

Please be seated, and thank you very, very of the Senate Labor and Human Resources much. Dr. Ernst, thank you, sir, for that Committee, the House Committee, the very nice explanation and that wonderful in- House Education and Labor Committee. troduction. Let me say how pleased I am I also want to salute the members of the to be here on this campus, be here at this NOVA community. It’s a pleasure, as I say, marvelous community college about which to be here in Virginia, the cradle of Amer- I’ve heard so many good things. ican education, and then to sign into law I’m delighted to be with Lamar Alexan- this higher education bill, the Higher Edu- der. I know the Members of Congress here cation Amendments of 1992, and help have met him and worked with him, but thereby move our schools into the 21st cen- some of the students here and some of the tury. faculty may not have. In my view, non- After this is over, we’re going to pass partisan view, a purely objective view, Lamar Alexander is really doing a superb these out to everybody, and then tonight job for the Nation’s education, and I’m de- we will have a quiz—[laughter]—on the in- lighted he’s here. gredients therein. But I told Dr. Ernst that I want to salute the Members of Congress I’m impressed with NOVA’s mission, cur- that came all the way over. Lamar was tell- riculum, and most especially your choice of ing me and our own people in the White last year’s commencement speaker—[laugh- House have told me that this was truly a ter]—a silver-haired philosopher named bipartisan effort. The leaders out here today Barbara Bush, who still feels honored and reflect that, and they have stood by edu- delighted. cation for a long, long time. So I welcome But there are a couple of things I don’t them, salute them, particularly the members like to do. You know one, eating broccoli.

1164 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / July 23

But the other is speaking where Barbara friends. She has two disabled children and has already spoken. It’s sort of like being a life that’s had many good breaks and then asked to play guitar after Garth Brooks. a couple of bad ones. But she also has a [Laughter] So I want to break my rule one dream that she won’t let go: She wants to time because this occasion is important and be a nurse. Now she will get the financial the hospitality that she received was so help that she needs to fulfill that dream. memorable. Some day this courageous lady’s children We do gather at a momentous time in will sit in the audience and watch Mom re- our country’s history. Over the past 4 years, ceive her nursing degree. This woman who’s we’ve seen changes of almost Biblical pro- done so much for so many will now be able portions in the world. I think we rejoice to serve even more people. The president that the cold war is over. What does that of Phi Theta Kappa, Frances McIntire. mean for you and your families? Well, I When I heard her story and saw her deter- think when children go to bed at night, mination, I was mighty proud, proud of they’ll be safer from the specter of nuclear Frances, proud that we’re giving thousands war and safer than they were a decade ago, of men and women like her a better chance safer than they were a year ago, and safer, to get the education they desire and de- I think, than just a month or so ago when serve. we had that rather historic agreement with This act that I’m signing today gives a Boris Yeltsin. So I think that’s good news. hand up to lower income students who need It’s good news for the young people that help the most. But it also reaches out into are with us today. It’s good news for our the middle-income families, the ones who country. I happen to feel it’s good news skipped a vacation and drove the old for the whole world. But this new world does pose enormous clunker so that their kids could go to col- challenges; big opportunities, though. From lege. Too often, the funding cracks have Poland to Paraguay, other nations are trying been so big that these solid, decent families to copy our system of free enterprise. And have slipped on through, and their chil- here’s the question: How do we win when dren’s dreams have been in danger of slip- more of the world’s nations are playing our ping away. Well, no longer. It’s a matter game? The opportunity is huge. The econo- of fairness. It’s a matter of our future. mists say when we win, we will share in This act also reflects an important new a maximized proportion of ever-increasing phenomenon. We used to think of edu- global prosperity. I had that translated into cation like measles vaccines, like first dates, English, and that means good, steady jobs or like learning to drive, something we only for you and your families. So then you’ve did when we were young. Today, education got to ask, how do you win those jobs? I never ends. Although our temples may be believe we cannot renew America without graying and our jogging routes a little short- renewing our schools. er, we always have to learn. And this act Consider a couple of facts. In 1980, a man recognizes that simple fact, just as this great with a college education made on an aver- community college has recognized that fact, age $11,000 more per year than a man with making Federal aid available for part-time only a high school education. By 1990, that students who are taking a class or two to- gap had increased to more than $16,000, ward their degree while still holding down and the exact same pattern happened with a job. women’s income. Those facts shout a simple How much richer our Nation’s future will truth: Education makes the difference. be. Each year, millions of families will be Every American deserves the chance to get able to get more Federal assistance and on the ladder of opportunity and climb up. then pass on to their kids the legacy of edu- I want to tell you about a woman I ad- cation. But this higher education act does mire. She’s not someone you’ll read about more than open up Federal funding to mid- in the paper, won’t see her on television. dle-income and to part-time students. It She is someone who might be your neigh- also sets tough standards to rid Federal aid bor or the mother of one of your kids’ programs of fraud and abuse both by sham

1165 July 23 / Administration of George Bush, 1992 schools and by students who default on children which will transform precollege their loans. In addition, some student aid education by giving middle- and low-income will now be contingent on academic per- families $1,000 scholarships to send their formance. The act includes parts of what kids to their choice of schools. I don’t know we call proudly our America 2000 program, about you, but that gives me 1,000 reasons including academies for teachers and school to cheer. Higher education thrives on com- leaders and something called alternative petition, thrives on choice. We must bring certification. those incentives to elementary and second- Now, that’s a program near and dear to ary schools. It’s time we let parents, not my heart, so let me try to explain it. When the Government, choose their kids’ schools, I lived out in Odessa, Texas, in 1948, I’d public, private, or religious. just graduated from college, and I went out I mentioned earlier how I believe that there and had a little extra time on my education is now a lifelong endeavor. So I hands. I tried to volunteer to teach night feel it is only appropriate to conclude with courses. My college economics degree was a quote I remember from my own school not good enough because I didn’t have the days, a quote from Longfellow, something required courses, mandatory courses then, about great heights not being achieved by in education, and that bothered me. Then ‘‘sudden flight’’ but by ‘‘toiling upward in I learned that without a teaching degree, the night.’’ Longfellow’s advice could apply even Albert Einstein couldn’t teach high to the task of renewing our schools. It won’t school science. Now, I might understand be done with headlines; it won’t be done keeping me out of there. I might get embar- with slogans, or even money alone. What rassed around the computer or something. it takes is innovation, courage, a willingness But Albert Einstein? Come on. in every community to roll up our sleeves In my first months in office, I proposed and reform this vital American institution. legislation to allow the ‘‘Einsteins’’ to teach We are toiling upward in the night, and without traditional certification. After 3 today we climb a little bit higher. And when years and 3 tries, now the Congress has we’ve reached our plateau, we will look out agreed to this. This helps, in my view, open upon a new generation of American schools up huge talent pools to bring into our class- and a stronger foundation for our Nation. rooms. Now we can find a way, for example, So now, on behalf of Frances McIntire to encourage more of our men and women and the legions of students at NOVA and who are leaving the armed services to put across the country who will benefit, it is their skills to work leading future genera- with great pride and great gratitude to the tions in the classroom. Congress, particularly the Members here By the way, I’m pleased to note that this today, that I sign into law the Higher Edu- past spring I did receive my alternative cation Amendments of 1992. As I sign I teaching certificate from the State of Texas. would like to ask Secretary Alexander, Dr. The woman who sent me my certificate, Ernst, and Delia Stafford to come forward, Delia Stafford, is with us today. She’s a and Frances, you too. Then I’d love to invite champion of change, willing to try some- the Members of Congress to come up and thing different because our children deserve say hello and turn around to demonstrate nothing less. I think it’s good to give her at least the nonpartisan or the bipartisan a round of applause for her innovative ap- spirit of this occasion. proach. Again, my thanks to you ladies and gentle- Our system of higher education is indeed men for being with us today. the best in the entire world because it’s rooted in the American ideals that make it excellent, accessible, and accountable. Note: The President spoke at 1:48 p.m. at America 2000 is the revolution that believes Northern Virginia Community College. In those ideals must be transferred to our ele- his remarks, he referred to Richard J. Ernst, mentary and secondary schools. Just yester- president of the college; Senator John C. day Senator Danforth and Senator Gradison Danforth of Missouri; and Representative introduced my State and local ‘‘GI bill’’ for Willis D. Gradison, Jr., of Ohio.

1166 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / July 23

Memorandum on the President’s Tree Planting Initiative July 23, 1992

Memorandum for the Heads of Certain sources and environment in a way that is Departments and Agencies consistent with our efforts to promote economic growth. Subject: President’s Tree Planting Initiative On June 1, at the United Nations Con- I am writing to remind you of this Admin- ference on Environment and Development istration’s continuing commitment to in- in Rio de Janeiro, I announced the Forests crease tree planting across America. The na- for the Future Initiative to conserve and tional tree planting program, a component sustain the Earth’s forests. Appropriate of the America the Beautiful initiative, calls models for worldwide commitment and ac- for public/private partnerships involving tion to save the forests may well stem from communities and volunteers throughout the the public/private partnerships developed in Nation. Our goal is to plant and maintain your agency. With your help, we can reach in our cities and countryside an additional our goal. one billion trees per year through the year 2000. This is an ambitious goal that will GEORGE BUSH significantly enhance the environment and The Secretary of State, the Secretary of the boost economic activity. Federal agency Treasury, the Secretary of Defense, the leadership will contribute greatly to the Secretary of the Army, the Acting Secretary achievement of this goal. of the Navy, the Secretary of the Air Force, During this last year, a representative of the Attorney General, the Secretary of the your organization has been asked to partici- Interior, the Secretary of Agriculture, the pate in a coordinating committee to pro- Secretary of Commerce, the Secretary of mote, inform, and participate in tree plant- Labor, the Secretary of Health and Human ing activities in your agency nationwide. I Services, the Secretary of Housing and urge you to energetically support the com- Urban Development, the Secretary of mittee and its activities in order to ensure Transportation, the Secretary of Energy, the that the Federal Government does its part Secretary of Education, the Secretary of for tree planting. Veterans Affairs, the Administrator of the Americans are enthusiastically joining this Environmental Protection Agency, the effort. Urban tree planting increased by 25 Administrator of General Services, the percent last year. In rural America, our cost- Administrator of the National Aeronautics sharing program with private nonindustrial and Space Administration, the private landowners is now underway and Administrator of the Small Business should result in the planting of an additional Administration, the Director of the United 200 million trees this year—a 10 percent States Information Agency, the Chairman of increase over past years but a long way from the Postal Rate Commission, the Director our goal due to insufficient funding from of the Institute of Museum Services, the the Congress. Chairman of the Council on Environmental My FY 1993 budget seeks to double the Quality, the Acting Director of the Office level of funding for the tree planting initia- of Policy Development, the Director of the tive to $138 million. Reforestation remains Office of Management and Budget, the a cornerstone of my commitment to protect- Director of the Office of Science and ing and enhancing America’s natural re- Technology Policy

1167 July 23 / Administration of George Bush, 1992

Statement by Press Secretary Fitzwater on the Escape of Pablo Escobar July 23, 1992

Pablo Escobar escaped from prison when legitimate governments have in halting drug Colombian authorities attempted to move trafficking and placing drug traffickers be- him to a more secure facility. This is unfor- fore the bar of justice. We have strongly tunate at a time when President Gaviria was supported President Gaviria and the people trying to control the prison and put an end of Colombia in their valiant fight against to Escobar’s criminal activities. Escobar and these violent international criminal organiza- his ilk represent a threat to law-abiding, civ- tions. We will continue that support and co- ilized societies throughout the hemisphere, operation, especially to strengthen the Co- and they must be brought to justice. lombian judicial system. This incident underlines the difficulties

Remarks to the National League of Families of American Prisoners and Missing in Southeast Asia in Arlington, Virginia July 24, 1992

The President. Thank you all. Well, Sue, your missing swept up in international or thank you very much. And Ann, glad to be domestic politics, manipulated by foreign back with you and this organization. To the governments, exploited by con men, sensa- members of the board, my respects; to the tionalized by the media. All that time, you family, friends. never lost sight of what you were looking Let me first start off by saluting two for: good faith, an honest effort to resolve former NSC hands, Bud McFarland and your uncertainty, to find answers to the ago- Dick Childress over here who have worked nizing question that you live with every day. very hard on all of this, and also the chair- Sometimes you may have wondered man emeritus, George Brooks. whether your Government had forgotten Let me begin by thanking you for the you. When President Reagan and I took of- opportunity to speak again to what has got fice in ’81, we made your ordeal our top to be one of the bravest and most dedicated priority. We knew that with all the uncer- groups of Americans in this country. tainties you live with, the one thing you We live in a marvelous time, a time of should be sure of is that your Government tremendous opportunity. We’ve seen the really cares. end of the cold war and the collapse of You’re talking to a person that was shot imperial communism and a new birth of down himself in combat. Fortunately, I freedom from Moscow to Managua. Ameri- wasn’t taken prisoner, but I was shot down ca’s courage, America’s vision, America’s in combat. I understand a little bit what values have indeed changed the world. And that means. I understand what it means. yes, the cold war may be over, but the noble And so we set out to meet with you to cause that took your fathers, your sons, and ask your advice. your husbands away from home is with us When we took office, no policy-level ne- still. Our work must not end and will not gotiations with Vietnam, Laos, or Cambodia end until you have answers about your loved had been held for several years. Despite the ones. fears of some that negotiating with Vietnam Over the past 20 years, the National implied recognition, despite the fears of League of Families has seen the issue of others that the POW–MIA issue was a cold

1168 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / July 24 war fantasy, we took your advice and en- Audience member. We want you to con- tered into high-level negotiations. tinue your——[applause] When we took office, some saw this issue The President. Where were we? [Laugh- as a matter between this Nation and Viet- ter] nam, not part of the broader relations be- Audience member. Down in front! tween the U.S. and the Soviets, China, and The President. Yes, let’s get these guys our friends in Asia, the ASEAN countries. down in front, that’s right. We took your advice and urged our friends No, no, no, this is very emotional, under- as well as our adversaries to help us find standably emotional. The thing that I would the answers. say to you, however, as a veteran and one Let me add that I am gratified to hear who still wears my Navy wings from time the ASEAN ambassadors are here today. I to time, is I hope you understand how I salute them over there. They are cooperat- feel about patriotism, about service to my ing with us. Their countries deserve great country. And I will put my record up credit for their understanding, for their against anybody here. help, and for their fellowship with you, the families. [At this point, audience members again in- Most important of all, when we took of- terrupted the President’s remarks.] fice, we came up against a string of official Moderator. Sit down! statements—— The President. And I just—would you [At this point, audience members inter- please be quiet and let me finish. Would rupted the President’s remarks.] you please shut up and sit down. I would say this: To suggest that a Com- The President. Here, would you come mander in Chief that led this country into over a minute? Is that the—— its most successful recent effort would con- Audience member. This is symptomatic of done for one single day the personal knowl- the issue, President. This is our 23d meet- edge of a person held against his will, ing. Gosh darn it, why can’t you—[inaudi- whether it’s here or anyplace else, is simply ble]—and negotiate. The Vietnamese have totally unfair. everything we want. We have everything Now, to say I understand the agony that they want. I’ve reheard here today is true. I do. But Moderator. Excuse me, do the majority I do not like the suggestion that any Amer- of the families here want to hear the Presi- ican anywhere would know of a live Amer- dent? The majority of them would like to ican being held somewhere against his will, hear the President. whether it’s here or the allegation being [At this point, audience members again in- over in the other part of the world. Iran, terrupted.] the suggestion was made that we left people Moderator. We are so embarrassed. being prisoner in Iran so to win an election. The President. It’s an election year. Now, what kind of an allegation is that to Moderator. That’s no excuse. make against a patriot? What kind to make Audience members. We won’t budge! Tell against—it is not. the truth! We won’t budge! Tell the truth! So I would simply say to you: I care about Moderator. I think it might be very im- it. We are trying, and we’re going to con- portant—if those who wish to hear the tinue to try. And I understand the divisions President will simply ask others to sit down, here. I understand the divisions we hear in possibly we can hear what the President these hearings. I understand the agony that wants to say. And maybe if the media will people feel. But I would also like to ask stop taking pictures of the minority, they’ll that you understand where I’m coming from go away. on this issue. I think most of you do. I’m going to continue to try. [At this point, league officers made efforts We talked about Presidential commissions to restore order in the audience.] and congressional committees indicating The President. What’s happening? that they felt Vietnam had done all it could,

1169 July 24 / Administration of George Bush, 1992 and once again, we took your advice. We cency, I call on the Government of Vietnam refused to accept the fact that the book was again to repatriate all recovered and readily closed. It’s no secret to any of you that for recoverable remains. I call on the Govern- many years now, significant lobbying has ment of Vietnam to act without delay. I can taken place in opposition to this policy. say in return the United States stands ready Some of it comes from those same voices to move forward on the road map that we’ve we’ve heard since the seventies, people who laid out. want us to pretend Vietnam never hap- My message is the same to the other na- pened. Some comes from people who seek tions of Indochina. In Laos, our joint field to smooth over sticking points that stand operations have produced definitive an- in the way of commercial opportunities. swers, but the process remains painfully Others say, ‘‘Look, the war is over. Let’s slow and cumbersome. We recognize the move on.’’ And that is something we can reality that most of our men unaccounted and will never say. for in Laos were lost in areas under Viet- Now, for us, the POW–MIA issue is not namese control. Our relations with Laos a sticking point, not some bad dream we have grown from wary distrust in those early shake off, not a footnote from a forgotten eighties to a broader, more open relation- time we can simply ignore. The POW–MIA ship. We cannot let this momentum wane. issue is something entirely different, some- I address the Lao leaders when I say our thing more. This I want you to understand: relationship can grow further and will, if It is a question of justice, of oaths sworn, and when they provide the cooperation we of commitments kept, and a nation’s test now seek. of its own worth measured in the life of Our years of trying to seek cooperation one, lone individual. This we know: The from Cambodia and the Soviets were not wounds won’t heal, the American family will rewarded until just recently. The U.N.- not be whole, as I said earlier, so long as sponsored settlement plan in Cambodia, the the brave men remain missing. historic changes in the lands that used to In my Inaugural Address as President, I did say that good will begets good will. In be the Soviet Union have opened the way the spirit of that statement, we developed for unprecedented access. We will push a detailed road map for Vietnam, a road hard to translate this access into answers. map that addresses our objectives as well I know you’ve lived through hopes and as that Government’s desire in terms of dip- then hopes dashed before. Unfortunately, lomatic and economic relations with the and it breaks my heart to see this happen, United States. Let me be very clear: With- we have seen false reporting. I think we out further positive movement on the would all agree there have been some scam POW’s and MIA’s, we cannot and will not operations that divert manpower and sap continue to move forward with Hanoi. our resources. I simply cannot fathom the Now, the other side of this is, where they cruelty of those who would exploit that issue have moved, we’ve responded. When the for personal gain. Government of Vietnam pledged greater co- Nevertheless, we are determined not to operation, including field operations, we allow such incidents to discourage us. We’re greatly increased our manpower, even going to continue to pursue and openly reopened a permanent office in Hanoi. While ceive information from all sources and con- we’ve seen an unprecedented level of joint tinue to treat each report, every report, as investigations, these activities have not pro- the breakthrough that just might end the vided the concrete results that we seek. ordeal of one single American family. Make no mistake, we want to continue and I think our efforts have produced some expand our joint efforts. And I’ll never ac- results. For 241 families, the uncertainty has cept joint activities as a substitute for real ended. For others, too many others, the results. Your long years of uncertainty must questions linger. Every day now, it seems, end, and I am pledged to end them in any the news purports to unearth some great way I can. new revelation of fact, facts that you’ve Now as a measure of simple human de- known for 20 years and facts we’ve shared

1170 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / July 24 with you for a decade. the anguish of uncertainty. So I don’t want Well, the key fact is one we all agree to try to put myself with everybody here on: There are Americans who did not return who has suffered for a long time on an home at the end of hostilities and Ameri- equal plane in that sense. That’s not what cans last known to be alive. Accounting for I’m trying to do. these men remains this highest priority. Al- But I can remember that day that I men- though there’s not proof that any Americans tioned to you 50 years ago, when I was a are now alive, in the absence of firm an- scared kid, 20 years old, I think, floating swers, our assumption will always be: Let around just a couple of miles off a Japanese- facts direct our policy, and let hope be our held island. I remember the uncertainty at guide. that moment. I can remember, when I So the policy remains: full disclosure, full wasn’t wondering if anyone would find me disclosure of all relevant information to fam- at all, my worry was, who’s going to find ilies. And we’re going to continue to cooper- me. ate fully with congressional committees to So what I’m trying to say is I can identify ensure the access they must have to per- with those who served, and I can identify form their oversight role. with their sacrifice. I can identify as a father But there are some things we’re not going who lost a child with the family implica- to do, however loud the critics may com- tions, but again I’m not trying to put myself plain. We will not publicly release any infor- on the same plane with those who have suf- mation that would jeopardize ongoing intel- fered a lot. ligence or negotiating efforts to account for But what I want to tell you is: I mean your missing loved ones. what I tell you, in terms of priority. I know Let the critics complain. We have got to there’s doubt here, and I know people are get this job done. As President, I take it saying, as this gentleman said right from the to be an article of faith, a solemn covenant heart, ‘‘Go over there and bring them back.’’ with those who serve this country: The Do you think if I knew of one single person United States will make every possible ef- and where he is and how it was, that I fort always, take every possible action to ac- wouldn’t do that? Of course, I’d do that. count for those taken prisoner or missing So all I’m asking, all I’m here to say is in action. Our aim remains the fullest pos- I am the President, and I am the Com- sible accounting for POW’s and MIA’s and mander in Chief. Some of you believe it nothing less. And I want you to know that and some of you may not, but we are going comes to you with conviction. to get this job done, and we are going to Let me just say something about this gen- account for every single person who is miss- tleman sitting here. Tell me your name ing. I’m going to keep on it. I don’t care again—Jeff. I can’t pretend to know the how long it takes. grief that you carry in your heart. My expe- Thank you very, very much. Thank you. rience in combat was a little different. My wingman was shot down the first—disappeared the first mission I was on. We Note: The President spoke at 9:35 a.m. at had maybe something like 7 out of our the Stouffer Concourse Hotel. In his re- squadron of 15 killed. marks, he referred to Sue Scott, chairman I understand what combat is, but because of the board, and Ann Mills Griffiths, execu- of the way Barbara and I feel about our tive director, National League of Families family, I can’t try to say that I understand of American Prisoners and Missing in the grief that you carry with you every day, Southeast Asia, who served as moderators.

1171 July 24 / Administration of George Bush, 1992

Remarks at a Community Picnic in Brookville, Ohio July 24, 1992

Thank you very, very much. Hey, listen, tional security of this country are still im- thanks for that warm Brookville welcome, portant. We still don’t know what’s going and thanks for inviting me to this great pic- to crop up in the terrorist field or some nic. My thanks to the Brookville High unpredictable enemy. As long as I am Presi- School Band, pressed into service out of dent I will keep the United States of Amer- school but playing well. ica strong and number one. We cannot for- May I salute Ohio’s Governor, Governor get that. Voinovich, an old friend doing a great job So the question now comes: With the for this State, and our Lieutenant Governor, help of the American people we have Mike DeWine, an old friend of mine and changed the world; it is a more peaceful of Barbara’s, he and his Fran. We want to world. Now let us take that involvement see him win this year. Mayor Duncan, may with the world to make us the most com- I thank you, sir, and your wonderful family petitive nation on the face of the Earth. for making us feel so welcome and salute Let’s change things. all the present and future legislators. That’s why I am running for reelection. I see a sign back here that I agree with: We’ve changed the world; now help me ‘‘Let’s Change Control of the United States change America for the better. Education, Congress.’’ Let’s change that Congress. winning the battle against drugs, driving May I salute a man I just threw a horse- criminals out of our communities: We can shoe with, Cloyce Copley, 97 years old. Boy, do it if we pull together. I hope I’m like that when I’m 97, and I But I think it’s particularly appropriate bet the rest of you do, too. here at this marvelous community celebra- Let me just start by a comment about tion to think about another threat, another the world we live in, particularly seeing threat facing us more dangerous than a mis- these children here. We have changed, lit- sile. I’m talking about the breakdown of the erally since I have become President, we American family. Here today we see it have changed the world. Now we want to strong, and I want to protect it and help use that leadership to make things better strengthen it. in the United States of America. Just think The opposition would have you believe of it: The Soviet Union and Soviet com- that family values is merely a slogan. I don’t munism are no more. The Berlin Wall is look at it that way at all. I don’t believe down. Ancient enemies are talking to each that. Here’s what Ruth Ditmer Ream of other in the Middle East, and we’re going Brookville said, here’s her poem: ‘‘Describe to move peace forward in that area. Democ- a world short on hope where there is so racy is on the move in Latin America. And much pain, how can we mend the golden these young kids go to sleep at night with- thread to weave our dreams again?’’ We can out the same fear of nuclear weapons that mend that thread, but we have got to find their parents had. That is fantastic for the ways to strengthen the traditional American United States of America. family. It’s a new world, and it’s a fantastic chal- You see, I have a different approach than lenge in it. When we kicked, with the help the opponents. I believe the family can do of many young men and women here, things no Government program can do. kicked Saddam Hussein out of Kuwait, we Let’s take a look at Brookville and share said, ‘‘Aggression will not stand.’’ That is it with the rest of this great country of ours. an important principle. Where would you find a Government pro- So you couldn’t tell it from listening to gram that would guarantee that Brookville the Democratic Convention, which I was High School would have a 95-percent at- spared because I was fishing in Wyoming, tendance record? Government cannot do but I might say, foreign affairs and the na- that. Family can. Where would you find a

1172 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / July 24

Government program that motivates six of kids. your best and brightest to earn perfect I also believe that same principle of grade scores, and the class of ’92 right here choice ought to apply to our schools. When in Brookville to earn more than a quarter I got out of the service they had the GI of a million dollars in college scholarships? bill. It didn’t say what school you had to Now, Government cannot do that, but the go to. It said you could go to any one, reli- family can if they help those kids. gious, private, or public school. I now have Let me give you an example. Where the ‘‘GI bill’’ for children that permits just would you find a Government program to that, giving the parents choice in where teach and shape a good, solid young man their kids go to school. like Derek Brown, who can become a na- There are other ideas. This economy has tional merit scholar? Government alone can’t. They can help, but they cannot do been sluggish. I have had incentives to get it. His family can. Your families can. this economy moving, and the Congress, So let the other side ridicule family val- thinking those same old thoughts, refused ues. I’m talking about work, responsibility, to think new ones. I’d like to see a $5,000 loving thy neighbor, respect for the Creator. tax credit to help young families share in Family teaches us right from wrong and dis- the American dream and buy their first cipline, and it teaches us kindness, too. So home. Get the Congress to pass that. let me tell you how I want to see the Gov- I want the families to be able to use their ernment help in strengthening the tradi- IRA’s without penalty for unexpected health tional American family. care costs. Get the Congress to get off its— Here we are. It’s expensive to raise a fam- get the job done. ily today. I believe the Government can We know that in recent years the number help ease that burden. Yesterday I signed of single-parent families have exploded. a law expanding financial aid to students, Half the kids in single-parent homes live young and old, not just the poor but also in poverty, 5 times the rate of others. Well, the middle class who are desperately the Berlin Wall crumbled. Russians trooped strapped by economic times. We did this to the polls. The Poles opened a new stock so that your son and daughter can go to exchange. We got all these things going, but college and chase a dream. Parents who we need to help these children and help want to go back to college and finish the these families. That’s what this program is degree, even if it has to be one course at all about. a time, you all deserve our support. This One last point, and then we’ll let you get legislation will help give you that support. back to having some fun, one last point. Let me tell you another area. What about When I talk about change, take a look at the young children of working parents who one institution that has not changed in the need quality day care? I have fought for an important new effort to help assist the last few years. Presidents come and go; dif- working parents, and I stood for principle ferent parties have come and gone. But look against those who said that only govern- at the United States Congress. One party ment-sponsored day care will do. It will not. has controlled the House of Representatives I ask what’s wrong with day care in an for 36 years. The result: They can’t run a aunt’s house or even in a church? Today little tiny post office, and they can’t do any- I am pleased to announce that we are thing but screw up a bank. So if you want issuing the first regulations implementing to get done what I know you do, getting historic child care legislation guaranteeing this balanced budget amendment, if you that parents who get Federal help in paying want that line-item veto, if you want to help for child care will get the kind of care they me move this economy forward, change the choose. It is not the Government to tell control of the United States Congress. them. You see, it is my belief that the fa- There’s another point. Terms of Presi- thers and mothers know best how to care dents are limited. What’s wrong with limit- for these kids and should have a choice in ing the terms of some of these old geezers how child care works when it comes to the that have been there forever?

1173 July 24 / Administration of George Bush, 1992

Let that new ticket talk about change, and Thank you all, and God bless you. Thank I’ll lay my record up against them any single you very much. day for constructive change for the United States. We have changed the world; now Note: The President spoke at 1 p.m. in Gold- help me constructively change the United en Gate Park. In his remarks, he referred States of America. to Mayor Michael A. Duncan of Brookville.

Remarks in a Roundtable Discussion on Families in Columbia, Missouri July 24, 1992

The President. Well, Governor, all yours, Some of them came a long, long way, the sir. Governor was telling me, and others have Governor John Ashcroft. Well, President a long way to go in returning home. But Bush, the members of the National Com- thank you for what you’re doing. And please mission on Urban American Families and tell the others I’m very, very grateful, anx- these Missouri families, we’re all pleased to ious to hear. But excuse the interruption. be here with you this afternoon. I’m de- Governor Ashcroft. No, that’s quite all lighted to welcome you back to Missouri, right. We’ve heard from a wide variety of to welcome the Commission to Missouri. people from the academic, public officials, I’m pleased that these families are here to policy analysts, activists, but most of all, share their unique stories of work, their we’ve heard from families in every area. In commitment, the kind of intensity and in- city after city, we’ve heard them tell us that dustry that’s needed to build strong families the troubling concerns about the condition and hold them together. We thank you for making families a prior- of family life in America are broadly held. ity, Mr. President. Until you became the They’re shared concerns. People understand spokesperson who was emphasizing families, that families indeed are in trouble, and I think families were becoming America’s when we have troubled families, that makes forgotten people. But thanks to your care for troubled neighborhoods. Families are and concern, Americans are turning towards telling us that society is somehow polluting home, and we think that’s very important. or contaminating the family atmosphere. Your Commission is working aggressively Analysts see the trend of family decline as to fulfill our mission as outlined in your Ex- part of a cultural shift in our society away ecutive order. In the 77 days since we re- from valuing family and community in favor ceived our charter, we’ve worked hard to of emphasizing self-indulgence. find out what can be done to strengthen Our statistics that we’re developing indi- families. We’ve been in Oakland and San cate that family decline is a problem that’s Francisco in California, and Minneapolis in common to all Americans, black, white, rich, Minnesota, in Dallas in Texas, and Washing- as well as poor. Family breakdown shatters ton, DC. And just yesterday, we visited a lives whether it’s in the affluent suburbs or place that, well, you’re very concerned in—hurts the children in small towns as well about; we were in south central Los Ange- as large cities. les. In the coming months, we’ll also be But we’re also hearing that people have hearing from families and experts in New hope. Many are filled with optimism and York and Chicago and Knoxville. Mr. Presi- are relearning the value and strength that dent, your Commission is a hard-working can be found in support of American fami- one. The President. I might interrupt to say thank you to the Commission members.

1174 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / July 24 lies. We’re discovering that America is restless out there, especially if I was all blessed with good volunteers, people who dressed up like you are. [Laughter] So you have great spirit and tremendous heart and ought to feel free to go sit under a nice, are tremendously committed to sharing. cool tree over there, but don’t forget to There are professionals who are dedicated come back to your parents because they to helping as well. love you very much. Maybe there’s a place So, Mr. President, we thank you for meet- inside, I don’t know. You can explore ing with us, and we thank you for caring around there, but don’t get lost. deeply about America’s families. We’d invite All right. Now who’s going to—John, you to speak with us about your sense of what’s going to happen? these matters. And then I’d like to intro- Governor Ashcroft. Well, we have a num- duce you to some of these Missouri families ber of Missouri families with us today who who’ve come—— are examples of how public, how private, The President. I would only add that, in how religious programs can work to the first place, I’m very grateful to Governor strengthen families. Of course, we expect Ashcroft and former Mayor Strauss for you to ask questions. But I want to invite heading up this important effort. It’s non- Commission members also to make re- partisan. It is national in scope. It simply marks. says we must explore ways to strengthen the family. Some of that, I expect, might [At this point, participants described the op- be recommendations changing laws so that eration and beneficial effects of various pro- it will encourage people who now make a grams.] little more dough who live apart to stay to- The President. That’s great. gether. I’m sure it will get into other items Governor Ashcroft. The Cochair of this that are affected by legislation. Commission is Mayor Strauss of Dallas, The main thing is we’ve got the emphasis Texas, and she’s been a great Commission here on the right thing. I will simply repeat member in every respect. Go right ahead. to the Commissioners and to these families Mayor Strauss. Thank you, Governor. what I’ve heard from two recent groups of Have we heard from everybody? The fami- mayors, both of them: one, the National lies? League of Cities; the other, the black mayors association I met with the other day. Governor Ashcroft. I think we have, yes. Both of them said that the major cause for Mayor Strauss. Because I feel moved as concern and cause for the problems in a member of this Commission, as Cochair, urban America was the decline of the fam- to say to you, Mr. President, how much we ily. So they’re saying, ‘‘Hey, help us find appreciate the fact that you have put this ways to strengthen family.’’ at the top of your agenda. It’s not that it’s That’s what motivated—actually, it was anything new to you because we know that the National League of Cities that suggested there are many, many programs, Federal that we do this, make this a national Com- programs and encouragement of the private mission, make this something national. Of sector, to help those who need help: fami- course, I was proud to announce it back lies, the poor, the ill, the elderly. in the State of the Union meeting. And I’m But this new thrust is going to do so just anxious to hear from you or from some much good. I thank you for the opportunity of these families what their experience has to be a member of this Commission and been. to travel all over America and hear the voice I also have a little grandparently advice. of America telling us that problems that are And that is that all kids, everybody under so threatening to all of us, teenage preg- 12, ought to be released to sit in the shade nancy and gangs and crime and drugs, of that tree over there or go inside if they school dropout, so many are the result of want to. That’s my position as President, the breakdown of the family and, in turn, but you don’t have to do it. [Laughter] But perpetuate the breakdown of the family. otherwise, I think you might enjoy it. Be- The President. Yes. cause I know if I were a kid, I’d be a little Mayor Strauss. So we want you to know

1175 July 24 / Administration of George Bush, 1992 we have heard you. We know what your very deep out of that. I think we’ve traveled goal is, and we will do everything in our to four or five cities, and the more we trav- power to meet that goal and provide for el, the more we find out that the families a better future for the people of this coun- sense that they’re in crisis. But there is try. And we thank you. hope, and the hope is creating community The President. Thanks for those kind organizations to bring the family back as a words. basic unit. But is it too early to ask the Commis- So I would say that it’s going to take a sioners, are you beginning—of course, the combination of both. Commission’s been, what, in effect 70 days The President. Right. I didn’t know, the or something like that, 77 days, traveled to Governor did not tell me that you’d met many States, which I think is very impor- with the media. And I think properly so tant. Because I think it’s important that because I think they need to change some when the report comes in, it has a national of these things that they’re engaged in concept to it, that it isn’t regional in any under the name of entertainment. What we sense. I think that’s important. don’t hear about are some of the things that But is it too early for the Commissioners they have been able to do, are willing to to indicate, or do you think the final report do. Then I should think that the Commis- will have more in the way of legislative sug- sion would look at the great potential if they gestions as to how we’d change things or could be mobilized to do more. what new things we can do legislatively to strengthen the family? Or is it going to be Why I say that is, I went out some time more apt to be along the lines of some of ago now, a long time ago, and they had the things we’ve heard here today, commu- a meeting of a lot of the leading executives nity programs, perhaps sponsored and keyed in the media business. They decided that at the State and local level? they would dedicate, I think it was one Sat- Mayor Strauss. It’s going to be a com- urday, maybe more, every cartoon that the bination. kids watch on Saturday to have an antidrug The President. Combination. message. That’s not necessarily directly fam- Commissioner Alphonso Jackson. In trav- ily, but clearly, every family would agree eling around the country, I think that what use of drugs make it tough on family. we’re finding is there are a combination of They did it. They did it all. There were both. There’s going to have to be some leg- no pricetags on it. They just shifted the con- islative changes. But I think more than any- tent of those programs. And I’m wondering thing else, it’s going to have to come di- if you ought to take, I’m sure you will, but rectly from community involvement. As [in- maybe take a look at some positive sugges- audible] said yesterday, each individual tions along that line of what some of these community is going to have to make a com- media outlets and innovation entertainment mitment. can do, to do what that one group of people I think what we’re finding in traveling did on that one Saturday. I mean, I think around this country—that’s been often said there’s tremendous potential there. that the President’s not in touch. I think I think they’d be open-minded about it. you’re very much in touch. I think the peo- One of the things we’ve got going, it’s not ple in this community sense that the family exactly family, but is this partnership, media is the key core to change what is happening partnership headed by Jim Burke, remem- in our country. ber that ran—you may know him; I think We were in Los Angeles yesterday, and John knows him—ran Johnson & Johnson. I think it was reinforced again when we He took on a commitment to get a billion had major discussions with producers and dollars of pro bono advertising on the anti- directors of major television and movie drug scene, and he’s up to around $500 mil- shows yesterday. It seems in some way that lion or $600 million now. And you see they might be out of touch, but the families these—I don’t know if you remember the were in touch. I think they reiterated that one with the fried egg cracking and all that. to them. And I think we got something very, Well, that was one that they did, total-

1176 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / July 24 ly pro bono, not Government. And they just there will need to be some policy changes went and persuaded the networks and oth- also. The communities do have to play a ers to do this. very important part, but the other part that David, you were going to say something. we’ve heard is that we have to deal with But maybe in this whole area of rec- the spiritual aspect, that people have to go ommending to some of these very powerful back to what America was built on, and that media outlets, they can do what you ask was faith in God. So we hear a lot of fami- of them. lies saying that that kind of thread has led I interrupted you, I know. them to do community services and the Commissioner David Blankenhorn. That’s kinds of things that we see families are deal- your right. I was going to say that one of ing with, particularly the Jones family and the things we’re hearing a lot is that—and many other families that we have met. I believe very strongly—we have to look for ways to bring fathers back into the home. I’m just pleased to know that we believe This is really a big issue, as you know. A that you have that spirit of God in you, lot of the indicators we have tell us that the reason why you are concerned about child well-being is declining in the country. the families and gave us this assignment. The biggest reason it’s declining is the fam- So we appreciate that, and we are going ily breakup, the erosion of marriage. A lot to do our best in all of that. of this is a cultural issue; it can’t be legis- The President. You know, it would be very lated. But there are some things in the area interesting, I don’t know how the Commis- of tax policy, welfare law reform, child sup- sion would determine this, to see, of the port payments, and so on that can be done families who are having difficulties in the to send good signals and incentives about sense, both combination of economic dif- the importance of fatherhood. To me, that’s ficulties, remembering what Dave talked kind of the core issue out there as regards about single-parent families, how faith—I child well-being that we are hearing as we don’t know how you could; it’s so private listen to people. in one way—but how faith matters, whether The President. That’s interesting. There’s they still have the seeds of faith to sustain also a kind of disciplinary component of that them or whether they just lost that and per- where a person, a father who takes off and haps through some ministry could reacquire does have a financial obligation set by the it. I don’t know. I mean, I’d be interested. court, that that person fulfill that obligation. What do you think? He can’t go off living alone and leave the Commissioner Josephine Velazquez. In all mother with the kids and leave them hung the programs that we have been viewing, out there to dry without fulfilling that obli- wherever we see that there is a religious gation. So that’s already in the mill, people factor built into it, a spiritual factor build trying to figure out how to do it. But you’re right about that. into the program, you can see that the re- Governor Ashcroft. Before we leave, I sults you get are so much more positive. want to call on Irene Johnson from Chicago. So it is a very positive aspect and something She’s been a very important member, a val- that we should look into. We have lost that. uable member of the Commission. She has And we have been shown—a lot of these the perspective that, well, has resonated families come up to say, and a lot of the with the people who have come to testify children, ‘‘Why don’t we have our prayer in virtually every city to which we’ve come. back in schools?’’—things that they’re miss- Irene, thank you for being here today. ing. We lost it somewhere along the line, Commissioner Irene Johnson. Thank you and the American people are asking for it very much. Mr. President, it’s an honor to to be back. meet you in person, and I want to thank Commissioner Jackson. I’d like to give you you personally for this assignment that a comment. I think yesterday, Mr. Presi- you’ve given us. In reference to your state- dent, in Los Angeles, we had a story told ment about the things that we have found by a young man who is today 27 years old. as we go around America, we think that His mother left under unusual circum-

1177 July 24 / Administration of George Bush, 1992 stances. They lived in Nicholson Gardens, tions is coming on strong, putting families which is a public housing development in back together that had been apart, bringing Los Angeles. At 17 he had to become the children back into the home that had been father, the mother of the family. His young- in foster care. est brother was 2 months old when she left We’re inspired. You’ve given us a chal- the home. He has raised every one of them. lenging but inspiring job. And we just want But he said yesterday the most important to thank you for letting us report to you thing was his faith and commitment in God on a little bit of an interim basis and letting and that he had to fight through a court us feel again the intensity of your personal system to keep his sisters and brothers. And concern on this issue. now he has become an assistant manager The President. Well, I’m delighted. And at Nicholas Gardens. But he specifically said thanks to the Commission members and to us yesterday that without his deep abid- also to the witnesses, or whatever we call ing belief in God, that he could not have them, these four families that shared this made it, and that was the driving force with us. I sit back there in Washington, and keeping him going every day. it really brings it home much more person- The President. Isn’t that fascinating? ally when you hear what individual families Gosh. have done and are still doing. Governor Ashcroft. Mr. President, we As for you kids, next time we do this, thank you very much for coming and just it’s going to be nice and cool. [Laughter] hearing a little bit of the reflection of what Next time that’s the way it’s going to be. we’ve been hearing around America from Thank you all so much. the Commission and also hearing from indi- Governor Ashcroft. We deliver the report viduals in Missouri. And these are the type in December. It will be cooler then. of people, individuals who we’ve been hear- The President. All right. That sounds far ing from in a variety of stops from one coast off now. [Laughter] to the other. And they’re inspiring to me in a lot of ways. They’ve fought through tough odds. Sometimes they’ve had bad Note: The President spoke at 3:25 p.m. in starts. But the possibility of rescuing situa- Shelter Gardens Park.

Remarks at the Show Me State Games in Columbia July 24, 1992

May I salute our great Governor and here, several times I’ve been here, but back thank him and all of you for that warm wel- in Columbia. This is the one Tigers den come. And to Mary Ann McCollum, our that I’m always happy to walk into. And Mayor, thank you, ma’am, for welcoming us everybody involved should take great pride to your city, making us feel so at home. in this fantastic Show Me Games. It’s mar- May I also salute Gary Filbert, the executive velous, and our congratulations go out, of director of these wonderful games; Dr. Jerry course, to all the competitors. I have only Brouder, the chancellor of the university, one regret, not that I can’t compete with from whom we’ve heard. I thought Steph- you all but that I won’t get to see you in anie, Miss Missouri, did a fantastic job sing- action. ing ‘‘The Star-Spangled Banner’’ over there. The Governor has told me what a mar- And while we’re passing out tributes, I velous event this is. The games now are, what, thought that Jordan and Greg did okay on in their 7th year, but the spirit really is as the Pledge of Allegiance, too. Never missed old as America itself. And you’re all here to a beat. So thank you very, very much. do your best in a tough competition. The For me it’s a great pleasure to be back Olympic creed, I’m sure some of you are

1178 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / July 24 familiar with it, it really says it the best: ‘‘The change our way of doing business. One pri- most important thing is not to win but to ority is to strengthen and restore, and John take part; not to have conquered but to have referred to this, strengthen and restore the fought well.’’ building block of our Nation, represented You come from all over this State, from here by so many today, the American fam- all walks of life, from every age group. And ily. your youngest competitor, from right here I think these Show Me Games might well in Columbia, is 4 years old. He’s out there be called the family games. I know of the somewhere, I guess. It might be hard to Beaumonts, for example, who have come see him. He’s a swimmer. We heard about from Sparta to join in the games. It’s the the oldest competitor: Vernon Kennedy of middle of the haying season, so dad Terry Mendin is 85 years young, and I understand couldn’t make it. But Cindy is here with he specializes in throwing javelins. Maybe four of her kids to participate in the shoot- I will ask him to join me in the political ing competition. And listen to what she says: wars that lie ahead. [Laughter] ‘‘It’s so easy these days for family members This Show Me Games takes place at a to be doing their own things. We work hard momentous moment in our history. While to do things as a family. We work hard, you’re warming up and working out, the and we play hard.’’ And that sounds like Olympic athletes will be doing the same a Missouri family to me. over there in Barcelona. I told the Governor On a personal basis, I can relate to that. that the head of our delegation, the national Family sports have always been a big part delegation, not the Olympic competitors of our family life. I remember way back themselves but the head of it, is a man on the plains of west Texas back in 1948 who’s been here to Columbia, Arnold and on in through the early fifties, coaching Schwarzenegger, who is taking the message a team there on the Little League team, of fitness for America all the way across and Barbara remembers too, maybe not to those games. quite so fondly. She spent so much time They’re going to be competing there carpooling our kids from one game to an- against the long jumpers from marvelous other that we get thank-you notes from the new countries: Croatia, Slovenia boxers, president of Texaco. Keep it up, he’d say. Lithuanian basketball players, pole vaulters [Laughter] Of course, it didn’t stop with from what they call the Unified Team. And Little League. There were hunting trips and these places really didn’t even breathe free swimming meets and tennis lessons and lots just 4 years ago. And the simple fact is— of fishing. And there’s one great drawback it’s reflected in these games for the very to fishing with your kids: They keep you first time—is that the cold war that has ob- honest. sessed the free world for so long is over. I’m reminded of a story about that great We won that cold war. The nations of the Missourian, Mark Twain. One time Mark world said, ‘‘Show me.’’ The nations of the Twain snuck off to do some fishing. It was world said, ‘‘Show me what democracy and off-season, which is why he had to kind of freedom means. Show me a way of life I sneak around. But on the train back home, can aspire to.’’ And guess what, we showed he couldn’t resist bragging to the fellow next them. America showed them. to him. And after he was done describing I believe now that we have changed the all the fish that he’d caught, Twain asked world, we can change and renew America. the guy what he did for a living. And the And you see, the new world brings both reply, ‘‘I am the State game warden. Who challenges and opportunities. The question are you?’’ Twain almost swallowed his cigar, is whether we can compete now that more and he said, ‘‘Sir, I am the biggest darned and more nations are playing our game. liar in the entire United States of America.’’ Once we win this competition, and we will, [Laughter] our children will enjoy a prosperity that we He was stretching it a little bit, but can’t imagine. And I really believe that. there’s no stretching how much these games Competing in this new world isn’t going mean to the fans and the competitors to be easy. It’s going to require that we alike. And I love the motto. I love the

1179 July 24 / Administration of George Bush, 1992 motto, ‘‘Show me what you’re made of.’’ And let me just say that the family remains Sports are about character, about shaping our most potent weapon as a nation. Amer- character, about nourishing it. When you ica will always be first so long as we put take the time to teach your son to shoot the American family first. a bull’s-eye or teach your daughter to throw Here in Columbia, and I’m sure the peo- a strike, you’re teaching more than a skill. ple from the rest of the State know about You’re teaching values, values like persever- this, I think one of the favorite sons of Co- ance, sportsmanship, motivation, effort: lumbia is a graduate of Hickman High. He priceless gifts that your kids will use long went on to make quite a name for himself, after you’re gone. Sam Walton. He was a great achiever; we Of course, the American family is under all know that. But he always knew that his siege today from so many forces. But I have greatest legacy would be the children he a plan to use Government to help keep gave to the world. And that’s why he made these families together. And last year, we sure, in his own words, that his kids ‘‘resigned a new law that helps parents choose ceived your everyday heartland upbringing the quality of day care. Whether it’s a based on the bedrock values, a belief in school or relative’s house or whether it’s a the importance of hard work, honesty, local church, working parents ought to be neighborliness, and thrift.’’ able to choose where their children will be I know that in this sophisticated age, cared for. That keeps the family strong. some people might find those home truths Similarly, you might ask about older kids a little corny. But I don’t, and I know you who want to go to college but can’t afford don’t, either. We know what Sam Walton tuition. Well, yesterday we signed a new law knew: Fashions come and go, but the old expanding college financial aid, especially bedrock values never go out of style. for middle class families who are squeezed Let me say as I end this speech, I salute by rising costs. the mentors, the coaches, the mothers, the I think we’d all agree that it’s pretty sim- dads who bring out the best in these kids. ple; you ought to be able to climb the lad- Thank you from the bottom of my heart der of education and reach your dream. And and the Nation’s heart for what you are that’s what we’re trying to do. We’re ad- doing, not just to inculcate into these kids vancing ideas to make buying homes more this competitive spirit but to hold together affordable, to increase the tax exemptions the American family in the process. for children. And for families on welfare, Now it is my pleasure to lead the athletes we want to create incentives for them not in the Olympic oath. And I leave here in- to fall apart but to hang in there, to stay spired. And let me just say, may God bless together. the United States of America, our great This morning, or just this afternoon, John, country. Thank you very, very much. I met with Governor Ashcroft. You know, he is heading a very important Presidential Commission, a National Commission on Note: The President spoke at 4:38 p.m. in America’s Urban Families. And to get more Hearnes Center at the University of Mis- ideas, we met to discuss what we can do souri. In his remarks, he referred to Steph- to put the family back in the winner’s circle. anie Patterson, Miss Missouri, 1992; Jordan Now, I’ve gone on a little longer, but I’m Rentschler, Girl Scout Troop #382; Greg worried that Vernon Kennedy of Mendin Mees, Boy Scout Troop #4; and the late might pick up his javelin and show me that Samuel M. Walton, founder of Wal-Mart I’ve been talking too long. So let me end. Stores, Inc.

1180 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / July 24

Nominations to the National Institute Board for the National Institute for Literacy July 24, 1992

On the eve of the anniversary of his his- Inc., in 1987–88 where she served as a consult- toric legislation for literacy, the President ant to the National Governors’ Association and today announced his nominees for the Na- the U.S. Department of Education. As director tional Institute Board for the National Insti- of the division of adult community education tute for Literacy. for the Kentucky Department of Education from 1984 to 1987, Ms. Darling directed the The National Institute for Literacy is the adult literacy, community education, and GED centerpiece of the National Literacy Act, programs for the State. signed into law by the President on July Jon Deveaux, of New York. Currently Mr. 25 of last year. The Institute will catalyze Deveaux serves as the executive director of the the national effort to achieve full literacy Bronx Educational Services (BES) which he by the year 2000 by providing a focal point founded in 1973. In 1990 a BES National for research, technical assistance, dissemina- Training Center for Literacy Teachers was es- tion, policy analysis, and program evaluation tablished. Mr. Deveaux and the staff have in the field of literacy. trained hundreds of literacy teachers from The National Institute Board is being es- around the Nation. Mr. Deveaux served as the tablished to provide independent advice on chairperson of the New York State Literacy the operation of the Institute, make rec- Council from 1988 to 1990. ommendations concerning the appointment Gov. Jim Edgar, of Illinois. Jim Edgar was inau- of the Director and staff, and receive re- gurated as the 38th Governor of Illinois in ports from the interagency group of the 1991. Prior to his election, Governor Edgar served as the secretary of state from 1981 to Secretaries of Education, Labor, and Health 1990. As secretary of state and State librarian, and Human Services, as well as from the Governor Edgar created and oversaw a strong Institute’s Director. statewide network of programs and support for The President intends to nominate the literacy. Governor Edgar’s adult literacy pro- following individuals for terms of 3 years: gram became a model for the Nation, and he John Corcoran, of California. Currently Mr. Cor- was presented a literacy award by the Amer- coran is the founder and CEO of the Brehon ican Library Trustee Association in 1986, given Co., a commercial and residential real estate annually to an individual who has made an out- building, development, and investment firm. standing contribution in addressing the prob- He also serves as a member of the board of lem of adult illiteracy. directors of the San Diego Literacy Council Badi G. Foster, of Illinois. Mr. Foster currently and leads ‘‘Students at Risk’’ in-service work- serves as vice president of targeted selection shops for professional educators. Mr. Cor- and development for Aetna Life and Casualty coran’s story of overcoming a 48-year literacy Corp. He is the former president of the Aetna handicap has appeared on ‘‘Phil Donahue,’’ Institute for Corporate Education since its in- ‘‘Larry King Live,’’ and ‘‘20/20.’’ ception in 1981. Prior to his work with Aetna, Helen B. Crouch, of New York. Currently Ms. Mr. Foster was the director of field experience Crouch serves as the executive director and programs for the Graduate School of Edu- president of the Literacy Volunteers of Amer- cation at Harvard University. ica, Inc. (LVA). Ms. Crouch began her work Ronald M. Gillum, of Michigan. Dr. Gillum is with LVA as a volunteer tutor in 1969. Since the State director of adult extended learning that time she has served on the national board services for the Michigan Department of Edu- of directors and as chairperson until her ap- cation. Dr. Gillum has been with the Michigan pointment as president in 1981. Ms. Crouch Department of Education for 19 years, during is the past chairperson and founder of the Na- which time he served as the director of the tional Coalition for Literacy. adult occupational educational programs. Dr. Sharon Darling, of Kentucky. Ms. Darling is the Gillum was the recipient of the U.S. Depart- current president of the National Center for ment of Education’s Outstanding Leadership Family Literacy, Inc. Ms. Darling served as Award in Literacy in 1985. the executive director of Literacy Concepts, Benita C. Somerfield, of New York. Ms. Somer-

1181 July 24 / Administration of George Bush, 1992

field currently serves as the president of Simon cational psychology, counseling, and special & Schuster Workplace Resources which pub- education at Northern Illinois University. lishes material for low-literate adults in public From 1988 to 1989, Dr. Vogel served as the and private sector job-related programs. Since director of research for the National Institute 1988 she has also served as executive director of Dyslexia, following which she was the head (volunteer) of the Barbara Bush Foundation of the department of special education at East- for Family Literacy. From 1986 to 1988 Ms. ern Michigan University. Dr. Vogel received Somerfield was Special Adviser for Adult Lit- a Ph.D. in learning disabilities and commu- eracy at the U.S. Department of Education. nicative disorders from Northwestern Univer- Susan Vogel, of Illinois. Currently Dr. Vogel is sity. chair and professor of the department of edu-

Remarks and an Exchange With Reporters on Arrival From Camp David, Maryland July 26, 1992

War on Drugs in the United States, with an estimated 6 The President. I have two brief state- million addicts. This drug problem is em- ments. In addition to yesterday’s meeting bedded in every other social issue that we’re with our national security advisers on the dealing with as a Nation. So we’ve got to situation in Iraq, which has been widely re- do more. But I was very pleased with Mr. ported, I spent considerable time today re- Burke’s report on behalf of the Partnership viewing the antidrug fight in our commu- for a Drug-Free America. nities. Iraq Jim Burke, who heads the Partnership for Now, on Iraq: Iraq’s belated announce- a Drug-Free America, gave me a very thor- ment that it will allow the United Nations ough and encouraging report at Camp Special Commission to carry out an inspec- David about the progress that our Nation tion of the Agricultural Ministry in Baghdad is making in turning away from the drug does not alter the fact that for some 3 weeks culture. It’s happening; America is turning Saddam Hussein flagrantly violated U.N. off drugs. Problems remain, to be sure, but Security Council Resolution 687. Nor does impressive progress is being made on the this announcement change the fact that Iraq demand side of the equation, particularly deliberately and callously harassed and among our youth. abused the U.N. inspectors seeking to carry So he and I today reviewed the data that out their mandate. That mandate: Imme- shows a cultural change is taking place. Kids diate, unimpeded, unconditional, unre- are rejecting drugs. There’s been a 56 per- stricted access to any site the U.N. deems cent drop in use by 13- to 17-year-olds in warranted for inspection. one study, a drop of 48 percent among this And yes, now, once again, Saddam Hus- group in another. So these are very impor- sein has caved in. While Saddam has bent tant trends. In our workplace programs, to the will of the U.N., the question remains people are really putting out the effort. Vir- whether after this delay a truly effective in- tually 90 percent of our major companies spection of the Ministry is still possible. The have highly effective programs, and compa- real test of his behavior will be in future nies are expanding a program called Drugs U.N. inspections. Behavior along the lines Don’t Work. Our country’s getting the mes- we’ve just witnessed will not be tolerated. sage. At least 900 communities across the Saddam has long pursued a pattern of country have organized antidrug coalitions, willful noncompliance and obstruction of and more of them are being formed every the United Nations Special Commission. day. For over a year he has lied about the extent Now, we still have a serious drug problem of Iraq’s weapons of mass destruction pro-

1182 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / July 26 grams and sought to conceal them from the eryone knows that we are determined to United Nations and the International Atom- see these resolutions complied with. We are ic Energy Agency. Now, this is unaccept- in very close touch with our allies. This able. Iraq must and will be held to the standoff now has been resolved by his cav- standard of full compliance with Security ing in, by his backing down in spite of blus- Council Resolution 687. ter and threats to the contrary. But there Saddam’s violation of the will of the inter- are many other inspections to come. national community, as expressed in the Q. Mr. President, does that mean then United Nations Security Council resolu- that the crisis in general is not over, that tions, continues in other important areas. there will be continuing incidents with Sad- Iraq has refused to participate in the work dam Hussein? of the Iraq-Kuwait Border Commission. The President. Well, the way to end the Iraq has refused to account for Kuwaiti citi- crisis is for him to fully comply with these zens seized during the occupation of the resolutions I outlined. Until then there will emirate and to return property that was stolen by the occupiers. Iraq has not renewed be a lot of tension because the whole world the memorandum of understanding with the is now more determined than ever to see U.N. and has stepped up its harassment of that he does comply. So I can’t say there’s U.N. officials and humanitarian agencies op- no reason for concern anymore at all. erating in the country. There’s plenty of reason. Saddam has stepped up his persecution Q. Mr. President, some U.S. military of the Iraqi people in flagrant violation of forces are en route to the region. In view U.N. Security Council Resolution 688, in- of the agreement that has been worked out, cluding recent use of jet fighters against the will you order those forces to stand down, Shia and maintaining a blockade of the to be pulled back, or is that military option Kurds. Iraq has refused to accept U.N. Se- still open? curity Council Resolutions 706 and 712, The President. Well, normally I don’t dis- which would allow for that sale of oil for cuss the deployment of military forces, and food and medicine, choosing instead to have I’m inclined to stay with that right now. the Iraqi people suffer unnecessarily, deny- I don’t think there will be any drastic ing them food. changes in existing plans. The international community cannot tol- Q. Mr. President, you seem to be saying erate continued Iraqi defiance of the United that the next time there won’t be any time Nations and the rule of law. There is too for warning, you’re not going to let one of much at stake for the region, for the United these crises build up like this. Is that what Nations, and for the world. you’re telling us? I’ll just take a couple of questions, just The President. You can interpret it any a couple of questions here. way you want. All I’m trying to do is express Q. Does this mean that you find unsatis- the unanimous determination of the Secu- factory the settlement that was made at the rity Council. U.N. and are rejecting it, or is this a temporary settlement of the—— Q. Mr. President, Deputy Secretary The President. No, we support Dr. Ekeus. Eagleburger said today he expects Secretary He has our full respect and confidence. So Baker to stay at the State Department for that inspection will go forward, belatedly so, a long, long time. Is that your view as well, but it will go forward. or is he going to move to the campaign Q. Do you feel, Mr. President, that there shortly? is a need now for some kind of ultimatum, The President. I have no comments on some kind of deadline given them, some that subject. kind of threat of military aid? Q. Mr. President, Saddam Hussein said The President. Some kind of threat? today that ‘‘the mother of all battles’’ is not Q. I mean military action. Pardon me. over. What do you say to him? The President. I don’t know that any more The President. I say to him, if it’s not is required right at this minute. I think ev- over, he better hope it is.

1183 July 26 / Administration of George Bush, 1992

Q. Is he still a threat to his neighbors The President. I haven’t threatened or in the Middle East? changed anything. The options that the The President. No, Saddam Hussein is a United States and our partners have avail- threat to the Iraqi people. He’s a threat able to us are well-known. Let’s just see to his own people. He’s brutalizing his own that he complies with the resolutions. I’m people in failing to comply. He is a threat not here to threaten. I’m simply here to to peace and security in the area. There’s say that I’m glad that he cratered once again no question about all of that. Our argument on this threatening, but to reiterate our de- is not with the Iraqi people. I’ve said that termination to see these resolutions com- since day one of all of this. I will repeat plied with. That’s all that this is about, and it here today: Our argument is with Saddam it’s got to be done in timely fashion. Hussein, the bully, the dictator, the brutal I salute Mr. Ekeus. He’s a courageous merchant of death. And that’s it. It is not man. And he worked hard to get access to with the Iraqi people. And once again, he this Ministry, which he should have had has caved in after a lot of bluster. given to him automatically, by very com- But all I want to do here is express for petent professionals, very competent inspec- the United States our determination to see tors. him comply with these resolutions. We There will be another occasion along the haven’t forgotten, and nor have the other line here because there are other inspec- members of the Security Council. So against tions that will take place. So we just have a solid wall, he once again caved in. I guess to keep plugging ahead to be sure this man there’s a certain humiliation factor for him does what international law calls for him with his own people. But I would simply to do. say we’ve just got to look ahead now and Thank you all very much. see that other inspections go forward and that he complies with these resolutions, the subject of which I discussed here a few Note: The President spoke at 4:35 p.m. on minutes ago. the South Lawn at the White House. In his Last one here. remarks, he referred to Rolf Ekeus, Execu- Q. Can I just clarify, is the threat of force tive Director, United Nations Special Com- not over until full compliance begins? mission on Iraq.

Remarks to Holland American Wafer Employees in Wyoming, Michigan July 27, 1992

Thank you very, very much. Governor, you at our table and everybody else that’s John, thank you, sir. The problem with Gov- made us feel so welcome here. ernor Engler is you’re never quite sure I’m pleased that Congressman Henry and where he stands. [Laughter] Thank you so Mayor Voorhees could be with us today. much for that warm introduction, my friend, And I want to single out another one who and let me just say I am very, very proud is from this area, but who has served our to be at Governor Engler’s side. country with great distinction. He shed— I want to say to John and Stuart Vander nobody thought this was possible—his par- Heide, I am very pleased to be here, and tisan politics, where he’s helped me enor- I’ve had a good day. And I appreciate those mously over the years, to go over to Italy who ended up having to go through sitting and serve with great distinction as our Am- with us under the arcs at lunch. But they bassador: Pete Secchia over here, from made me understand the heartbeat of this Grand Rapids. wonderful company. I want to thank all of Let me just kind of put a Surgeon Gener-

1184 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / July 27 al’s note on this speech. I have not shifted Now that we have changed the world, the gears yet from trying to make some good taxpayers and the leaders working together, things happen for this country, including it’s time, high time, that we change Amer- yesterday making some decisions about ica, time to turn our attention to pressing standing up to be sure that Saddam Hussein challenges like how to give a pink slip to lives up to these U.N. resolutions. He’s our slow-growth economy—it’s growing but going to do it. He may not know it, but far too slow—how to make our families he is going to live up to those resolutions. more like the Waltons and a little bit less But the warning label is that I haven’t like the Simpsons, and how to take back quite shifted gears yet to get into this mode our streets from the crack dealers and the that I’m looking forward to, which is the criminals. 4-year dance that American politicians go This election year, we’re told, is about through where you really take your case how we can change to meet these chal- strongly, not only about yourself and why lenges. But this election is not just about you want to be reelected but about the oth- change because change has a flip side. That ers, to the American people. That will hap- flip side is called trust. When you get down pen right after our convention, Republican to it, this election will be like every other. Convention, in August of this year. But for When you go into that voting booth and now I want to talk to you on some broader pull the curtain behind you, trust matters. principles. That’s the way it should be. Many times Americans may not realize it when they reach for the cereal on the shelves, but this in the White House late at night, the phone industry, our food industry, provides more rings. Usually it’s some young aide food for less than any other nation in the doublechecking on the next day’s schedule. entire world. The company, this one, is one But occasionally it’s another voice, more se- reason we are the world’s leader. So I’m rious, more solemn, carrying news of a coup pleased to announce that Stu and John have in a powerful country or asking how we recruited me for a national crusade. Starting should stand up to a bully halfway around today, I will not only argue passionately that the world. The American people need to broccoli’s benefits are overblown—[laugh- know that the man who answers that phone ter]—but that sugar wafers should be one has the experience, the seasoning, the guts of the four essential ingredients in a healthy to do the right thing. diet. That’s trust in the traditional sense. But I’m told that this company was the origi- people who’ve spent their lives in govern- nator of something called the survival bis- ment forget that trust is more even than cuit. Well, it was one of the tokens of the that. I’m a Texan. I raised my children cold war, a bit of nourishment to fill your there. I built my businesses there. I voted stomach as you huddled somewhere in a there in every Presidential election since my bomb shelter in case the unthinkable be- first, including that one, that 1948 election, came tragically real. While it may not be the year the press and the pundits counted great for survival biscuit sales, the cold war Harry Truman out before the fight began. is, thankfully, over. Survival biscuits have We remember that one, and I remember gone the way of the doomsday clock, ‘‘Fail- it. So wait until August. Safe’’ movies, duck-and-cover drills. I believe our heartbeat can be felt in Today, America is safer than ever before, places like Wyoming, Michigan, not Wash- safer than we were a decade ago, safer than ington, DC. So I stake my claim in a simple we were a year ago, and safer than we were philosophy: To lead a great Nation, you just a few weeks ago, when I sat down with must first trust the people you lead. If you Boris Yeltsin and agreed to eliminate the look at almost every important issue we world’s most dangerous and destabilizing face, you see a clearer choice, a choice be- nuclear weapons, those great big ICBM’s. tween those who put their faith in average This is good for your kids, and it’s good Americans and those who put their faith in for my grandkids. We all should take great Government. Let me explain what I mean, pride in it. starting with the basics, home and family.

1185 July 27 / Administration of George Bush, 1992

The most difficult question many parents crisis, workers being infected from putting face is, who will care for the kids while someone else’s hardhat on their head. The we’re working? A few years ago, Washing- alarms went off. The bureaucratic blood ton wanted to help, but their idea was to boiled. One small fact was overlooked. rock the cradle with the heavy hand of bu- There wasn’t a single documented case any- reaucracy. All the plans boiled down to cre- where in the United States of anyone get- ating some new kind of Government appa- ting infected from wearing someone else’s ratus, like a ‘‘Pentagon’’ for child care. hardhat. That didn’t deter the bureaucrat. I fought for a different approach and won. So with the best of intentions, the rule was Our landmark legislation allows parents, not written: Every hardhat must be disinfected the Government, to decide whether your before one worker passed it on to another. children are cared for in a school, a rel- Estimated cost to the business: $13 million ative’s home, or a church. When it comes a year. Measurable benefit: slightly less than to raising our children, I say, why not trust zero. the people? It is better than having the Luckily, this story has a happy ending, Government try to do something like child but only because we were there to give it care out of Washington, DC. one. We found the regulation before it hit What about our education system? To the books and said America can survive renew America we must renew our schools. without this particular hardhat regulation. We all know this. But money alone won’t We may have done you hairnetters a great do it. We already spend more money per service by beating back the hardhat regula- student than almost any other country, and tion; try to pass one of those along and say our kids still rank near the bottom in crucial that germs are being passed. But anyway, subjects like math and science. Again, a lot can you imagine what might have happened of ideas floating around, most of them to if these enterprising regulators had made pump more tax money, that’s your money, their way into the vast, unregulated territory into the system, the same old system. I say, of lunch pails and thermos bottles? try something different: Open up schools to competition, and trust you to decide Some believe the solution to our prob- whether your kids, whether you want them lems is more Government regulation. I take to learn in a public school, a private school, a very different view. I’ve put a moratorium or a religious school. on new Federal regulation, to give busi- When it comes to education I say, why nesses like this one room to breathe and not trust the people? Why not give the peo- grow and create jobs. It’s a matter of trust, ple the same choice that I had when I had of putting people ahead of Government. the GI bill coming out of World War II— When it comes to the most pressing issue they didn’t say you can only go to one kind of the election year, revving up our econ- of school—public, private, religious. And we omy, forgetting this idea is not just a nui- ought to try that, and then watch these sance; it can be downright dangerous. schools improve. I believe it’s the time to The revolutions of the past few years her- put the trust in the people. ald a new era of global economic competi- What about Government regulation? tion, with free markets from Siberia to Sure, some of it is absolutely necessary, Santiago. Can the U.S. compete now that even essential. If you believe that there is everyone is playing our game? Despite all a Government solution to every problem, the criticism you’ve heard lately, keep in an alphabet agency for every issue, then you mind a few facts. We are the largest, most look at regulation not as a necessary evil envied economy in the entire world. but as a necessary way to rein in people’s Inflation, that Jesse James who robs the evil tendencies. Well, the result can be middle class of dreams, as John has said, crazy, as this story proves. as our Governor has said, has been put safe- The time had come recently for a Gov- ly behind bars. The last time interest rates ernment agency to update its rules on hard- stayed this low, ‘‘The Brady Bunch’’ wasn’t hats. That’s right, hardhats. Someone in that even in reruns yet. Despite all the stories agency stumbled upon a potential national about our problems, our workers are still

1186 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / July 27 the most productive in the entire world, attracted to Government for whom the more productive than the English, the Ger- word ‘‘trust’’ has strange meaning. Most of mans, the Japanese, much more productive. them have spent their lives in Government So there are some good, sound things out and don’t have much experience in the real there. But while our economy is growing, world. They say they want to put people it’s growing too slow; it’s got to grow faster. first. But if you look real close at what The question is how. The other side sug- they’re proposing, the people they put first gests a simple two-part solution, Governor are all on the Government payroll. Engler talked about that: First, raise Gov- A leader of a free people must understand ernment spending, and then, raise taxes. that Government can not only help, it can Now, as you evaluate their idea, keep this hinder. He must have the confidence to say, in mind. Here in Michigan, you already ‘‘I trust you. I trust the people.’’ Ultimately work 128 days just to pay your taxes before you must decide who you trust, who has you earn a single dime to spend on your the experience, the ideals, and the ideas to family. Now, I don’t think anyone wants to find the appropriate balance. go for 129 days. All this talk of spending Of course, America will change, just as and taxes causes me to wonder if the other we’ve changed the world. The question now side is a little hard of hearing. Abraham is who will change America for the better? Lincoln spoke of government ‘‘of the peo- It won’t be people whose only enthusiasm ple, by the people, for the people.’’ But they is for Government, who measure progress seem to keep saying, ‘‘of the Government, by programs enacted and special interests by the Government, for the Government.’’ satisfied. They’re hard to dissuade. I’ll give you a If you want to know who’s going to great example. In January I proposed a change America, look at who is sitting right commonsense, comprehensive plan to get next to you. Look around you. It’s going this economy moving faster, right now. The to be the guy who works an extra shift every plan includes tax incentives to encourage week so his son can go to the school of businesses to hire new workers, breaks for his choice. It’s going to be the small busi- young families who want to buy that first nessman who takes a risk on a new product, home, a tax break for them so they can the computer hacker working in a lonely participate in the American dream. Half a garage, that merit scholar from south cen- million jobs would have been created if the tral L.A., the entrepreneur with a future Congress had acted right away. as big as his dreams. But they didn’t. Instead Congress sent There’s your answer: The American peo- back what you might call an anti-trust pro- ple are going to change America. But only gram: new Government spending and new if they have a Government, particularly a taxes. And I vetoed it and said, ‘‘I am not Congress, with the wisdom to know its own going to increase taxes on the American limits and with a leadership who knows people at this time.’’ We’re not going to where the true American imagination lies. do that. So I sent their plan back, and I’m Countries around the world have at long still waiting almost 200 days later. This eco- last understood the power of trusting the nomic recovery plan is being held hostage, people. America will change by reaffirming and the ransom note reads, ‘‘Wait till after the lesson it has taught the world, by trust- the election.’’ Today I say to the Congress, ing a leader who trusts you. House of Representatives and the Senate, I am delighted to have been here. Thank especially: Release the economy. Approve you very, very much. May God bless you, this jobs program, and put America back and may God bless our great, free, wonder- to work, now. ful country, the United States of America. So you see, it all does come down to a Thank you very, very much. question of trust. I trust you to spend and save your money more wisely than a budget planner in Washington. You’ll say this is common sense, and I Note: The President spoke at 12:13 p.m. at agree. But there’s a certain type of person the plant. In his remarks, he referred to

1187 July 27 / Administration of George Bush, 1992

John S. Vander Heide, chairman of the board, and Stuart Vander Heide, president, Holland American Wafer Co.

Remarks on Arrival in Appleton, Wisconsin July 27, 1992

Thank you all for this marvelous turnout. people and because I believe that those on I do have an official announcement I want welfare, what they really want is a piece to make today. I first want to salute Gov- of the American dream: homeownership, a ernor Thompson, Senator Kasten, and our good job, opportunities for their children, distinguished Members of the United States and strong, loving families. And therefore, House of Representatives. Great to be back I am determined to make it quicker and in this State that’s built on faith and family easier for States who choose to reform their and freedom. Wisconsin is a great example welfare systems to get the Federal waivers to the rest of America, just as America is that they need to help the people help to the entire world. And today I’m very themselves. proud to be in a place where programs like Last April my administration signed a first Learnfare and Workfare and the Parental waiver for Wisconsin. And today it will sign Responsibility Act all tell America: Watch a second giving Governor Thompson the Wisconsin because Wisconsin works. freedom to further reform this State’s wel- Governor Thompson wants Wisconsin to fare program. Governor Thompson’s ulti- work even better, and that’s why he’s joined mate goal is to break the cycle of depend- my crusade to reform our welfare system. ency that traps so many people and create Let’s face it, we know the system has failed incentives for recipients to work and learn. the people. It doesn’t lift families from pov- He understands that more important than erty; it traps them there. Welfare discour- having an America that helps people in ages families from staying together. And need is building an America where fewer when the system rips families apart, it’s time people need to be helped. to rip apart that system. Today I want to challenge other States Now, Americans yearn to keep families in our country to follow Wisconsin’s lead whole and give our kids the learning skills in bringing new ideas to our welfare system. and, yes, track down parents who run out Last week we approved New Jersey’s Fam- on their kids. They know that if America ily Development Program, whose reforms doesn’t change the welfare system for the in the State welfare program reward work better, the welfare system is going to and unite families. And I am confident change America for the worse. That means other States will now do what America does trying, therefore, new plans, new ideas, a best, bring local genius to local needs. new kind of reform. Only then can we break In coming months, we are going to watch the cycle of dependency. Wisconsin to see how Wisconsin works. To- In my State of the Union Address last gether, we can help change that welfare sys- January, I made a commitment to far-reach- tem and, in doing so, change America. I’m ing reform. I acted because I believe we proud to sign this waiver. I congratulate can no longer afford the existing welfare Governor Thompson and the people of Wis- system. Our recipients can’t afford to be consin. dependent on government for their liveli- Thank you all very, very much. hood, and our taxpayers can’t afford to pay the welfare bill, and our economy can’t afford the lost productivity. Note: The President spoke at 1:19 p.m. at I also acted because I trust the American the Outagamie County Airport.

1188 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / July 27

Remarks to Outlook Graphics Employees in Neenah, Wisconsin July 27, 1992

Thank you all very, very much. Please be we were a year ago, and safer than we were seated. Thank you and good afternoon, ev- just a few weeks ago, when I sat down with eryone. Let me just say thank you to the Boris Yeltsin, the President of Russia, to Governor for that very kind introduction. eliminate some of the most dangerous nu- But let me tell you this: I know these Gov- clear weapons on the face of the Earth, get- ernors, all of them, and you’ve got one of ting rid of those great big SS–18 ICBM’s. the very best, if not the very best, in the That’s good change. That is positive, and entire United States. I really mean that, a it’s great for these young people here today. solid friend, a strong leader and innovator. Now that we’ve changed the world, it is You’re lucky, and I’m lucky, too, because time to change America and time to turn he sets an example. He brings new ideas our attention to pressing challenges like how to these Governors meetings. He sets a high to give a pink slip to our slow-growth econ- example for everybody including the Presi- omy, and how to make America’s families dent of the United States, and I am very, more like the Waltons and a little bit less very pleased to be with him. like the Simpsons—[laughter]—how to take Of course, I’m very pleased to see my back our streets from the crack dealers and great friend, your Senator Bob Kasten; and the criminals. Progress has been made, as these two Congressmen, Toby Roth and I announced yesterday at the White House, Tom Petri, who are doing a first-class job. in the casual use of cocaine by these teen- If we had more like them, you talk about agers, dramatic improvement, almost 60 change, we could change America and percent down in the last 3 years. But we’ve change it fast for the better. I am glad they still got a long way to go. We’ve got to could join us today, as well as Mr. Herbert win that battle. Grover, the superintendent of public in- This election year, we’re told, is about struction for the State of Wisconsin. He’s how we can change to meet these chal- doing a first-class job for education state- lenges. But this election is not just about wide. And David Erdmann, thank you, sir, change because change has a flip side. It’s for your hospitality. I’m just delighted to called trust. When you get down to it, this be here. election will be like every other. When you Now, it is a pleasure to be here. For any go into that voting booth and pull the cur- sports fan, it’s a thrill to be at the birthplace tain behind you, trust matters. of America’s sports trading cards, and for That’s the way it should be. Many times me, it’s a little humbling. I don’t dare ask in the White House late at night, the phone how many hundreds of George Bush cards rings. Usually it’s some young aide calling you have to trade to get one Michael Jor- in about doublechecking the next day’s dan. [Laughter] schedule. But occasionally it’s another voice, I’ve come here to talk a little bit about more serious, more solemn, carrying news our future, about the kind of nation we of a coup in a powerful country or asking want for ourselves and our children. The how we should stand up to the ‘‘Baghdad world has undergone remarkable changes in bully’’ halfway around the world. The Amer- the past few years. And today our kids worry ican people need to know that the man who about the usual things, about school friends, answers that phone has the experience, the about such earth-shattering questions as seasoning, to do the right thing. I believe ‘‘Where can I get an Olympic Dream Team I have proved I am that man. card?’’ But I can tell you one thing they That is trust in the traditional sense. But don’t worry about anymore, the specter of people who’ve spent their lives in govern- nuclear war. ment forget that trust is even more than Today, America is safer than ever before, that. I’m a Texan, raised my children there, safer than we were a decade ago, safer than built my business there, voted there in

1189 July 27 / Administration of George Bush, 1992 every Presidential election since my first, public school, a private school, or a reli- the 1948 election, the year, if you’ll go back gious school. School choice is the answer. and remember, some of you older types When it comes to education to give our here, the year the press and the pundits kids a better chance, isn’t it time to try counted out Harry Truman before the fight something different? The old way has failed, even began. has not worked. Why not trust the people? I believe our country’s heartbeat can be What about Government regulation? felt in places like Neenah, Wisconsin, not Sure, some of it’s necessary; some of it even Washington, DC. So I stake my claim in essential. But if you believe that there is a simple philosophy: To lead a great nation, a Government solution to every problem, you must first trust the people that you an alphabet agency for every issue, then you lead. If you look at almost every important issue we face, you see a clear choice, a look at regulation not as a necessary evil choice between those who put their faith but as a necessary way to rein in people’s in average Americans and those who put evil tendencies. It can lead to the same their faith solely in the Government. Let crazy behavior. Let me tell you a story me explain what I mean, starting with the about one crazy regulation affecting hard- basics, home and family. hats. Hardhats, that’s right. The most difficult question that many Here’s what happened. Back in Washing- parents face is, who will care for the kids ton, someone in an agency stumbled upon while we’re working? A few years ago, a potential national crisis, workers being in- Washington wanted to help, but the idea fected from putting on someone else’s hard- back there was to rock the cradle with the hat. The alarms went off. The bureaucratic heavy hand of the bureaucracy. All the plans blood boiled. One small fact was over- boiled down to creating some new kind of looked. There wasn’t a single documented Government apparatus, like a ‘‘Pentagon’’ case anywhere in the United States of for child care. America of anyone getting infected from I fought for a different approach, with wearing someone else’s hardhat. That didn’t the support of these Members of the United deter the bureaucrat. So with the best of States Congress, and we won. Our landmark intentions, the rule was written: Every hard- legislation allows parents, not the Govern- hat must be disinfected before one worker ment, to decide whether your children are passed it on to another. Estimated cost to cared for in a school, a relative’s home, or business: $13 million a year. Measurable a church. When it comes to raising children, benefit: slightly less than zero. I say, don’t put your faith in the Govern- Now, there is a happy ending to this ment bureaucracy. Why not trust the par- story, but only because we were there to ents, the ones who are responsible for give it one. We found the regulation before bringing these kids up? Now, what about our educational system? it hit the books and said America can sur- To renew America we must renew our vive without that particular hardhat regula- schools. We all know this. Money alone is tion. But can you imagine what might have not going to do it. We already spend more happened if these enterprising regulators money—this is a little scary—we already had made their way into the vast, unregu- spend more money per student than almost lated territory of lunch pails or thermos bot- any other country in the world, and our tles? Think of the threat to the Nation. children still rank near the bottom in crucial [Laughter] subjects like math and science. Again, a lot Some believe the solution to our prob- of ideas floating around, most of them to lems is more Government regulation. I take pump more tax money into the same old a very different view. I’ve put a moratorium system, the same old programs that have on new Federal regulations, to give busi- failed the American family. I say, try some- nesses like this one, growing enterprise thing different: Open up schools to com- business, giving it room to breathe and petition, and trust you, trust you to decide grow and create jobs for these young people whether you want your kids to learn in a here today. On child care, educa-

1190 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / July 27 tion, regulation, it is a matter of trust, trust- the stories, you are still the most productive ing Americans to make their own choices. workers in the entire world. You put these The point is not to let people fend en- workers up against the English, the Ger- tirely for themselves. Americans are a gen- mans, the Japanese, and you, you American erous people, and Government must never taxpayers, you win; you American entre- shirk its responsibilities. But programs have preneurs and business people, you win; and to give people a hand up and trust human the work force itself wins. ingenuity to take it from there. But while our economy is growing, it You’ll find a good example of what Gov- clearly has got to grow faster. The question ernment can do right here at Outlook. Last is how. The other side suggests a simple April I challenged the Nation’s Governors two-part solution: First, raise Government to join me in a new national job training spending, and second, raise taxes. effort. I introduced a program called the Now, as you evaluate their idea, keep this ‘‘Youth Apprenticeship Act’’ in Congress. in mind. Here in Wisconsin, you already The program is geared especially to teen- work 126 days just to pay your taxes before agers who want to work, who want to learn you earn a single dime to spend on the a skill, but may be tempted to drop out family. I don’t know about you, but I don’t of school, true to form. want you to have to pay 127 days. Then comes along Governor Thompson, Tommy Thompson. He’s already reaching Let me just describe for you what I’m out to these young people. The youth ap- up against. In January I proposed a com- prenticeship program will encourage young monsense plan in the State of the Union people to complete a sound high school Message, commonsense plan to get this education while getting on-the-job training economy moving faster, right now. The plan at great companies like Outlook. I salute included tax incentives to encourage busi- Outlook and Governor Thompson for help- nesses to hire new workers, tax breaks for ing me create a work force that’s ready for young families who want to buy that first the challenges of the 21st century. home. If Congress had acted right away, So I believe we can give Americans the half a million jobs would have been created tools. And then it’s a matter of trust, trust- for your neighbors, your family, and your ing Americans to make their own choices. friends. When it comes to the most pressing issue But they didn’t. Instead Congress sent of the election year, revving up our econ- back what you might call an anti-trust pro- omy, forgetting this idea of trust is not just gram: new Government spending and new a nuisance, it can be downright dangerous. taxes. So I vetoed their plan and sent it The revolutions of the past few years her- right back to them. And thanks to these ald a new era of global economic competi- Congressmen, that veto was upheld. I am tion, with free markets from Siberia to still waiting, pressing for these incentives to Santiago. Can the United States compete get passed by the Senate and the House. now that everyone is playing our game of I am still waiting almost 200 days later. This free markets? Well, I know we can. Despite economic recovery plan is being held hos- all the criticism you’ve heard lately, keep tage, held hostage, and the ransom note in mind just a few facts. Who is the largest, reads, ‘‘Wait till after the election.’’ Today most envied economy in the entire world? I say to the Congress and the Senate, espe- The good ol’ U.S.A. cially: Release the economy. Approve this Look at inflation, the Jesse James who jobs program, and put America back to robs the middle class of dreams. We have work right now. locked that crook in a maximum security Speaking of numbers, this is a great place cell, so he can’t steal the paycheck of the to speak about numbers, right here at Out- working men and women of this country. look: number 16 means Joe Montana; The last time interest rates were this low, number 9, my dear friend with whom I ‘‘The Brady Bunch’’ wasn’t even in reruns attended the All-Star Game in San Diego, yet. Despite all the stories about our prob- number 9, Ted Williams; number 15, a lems, and we’ve got plenty, but despite all Packer named Starr. Here’s a number for

1191 July 27 / Administration of George Bush, 1992 you, 38. Think hard now, 38. That’s how Yes, America will change, just as we have many years the Democrats have controlled changed the entire world. The question now the House of Representatives. Get rid of is who will change America for the better? number 38, and we can make America It won’t be people whose only enthusiasm number one for sure for many years to is for Government, who measure progress come. If you want to change something, the by programs created and special interests one institution that hasn’t changed, if you satisfied. want to change something, change control If you want to know who’s going to of the United States House of Representa- change America, look around you. Look tives, and watch what we can do for Amer- around. It’s going to be the guy who works ica. an extra shift every week so his son can I’m getting fired up for after our conven- go to the school of his choice. It’s going tion in August. [Laughter] You’ll notice this to be the small-business woman who takes has been relatively nonpartisan up until a risk on a new product, the computer hack- now. [Laughter] Relatively. er working in a lonely garage, the merit No, but you see, it all comes down to scholar from south central L.A., the entre- a question of trust. I trust you to spend preneur with a crazy idea of putting players’ and save your money more wisely than a faces on cards and turning us all into won- budget planner in Washington. derful kids once again. You say this is all common sense, and There’s your answer, some of it, I might I agree. But there’s a certain type of person say, sitting right back here: These appren- attracted to Government for whom the tices, wanting to work, wanting to learn. word ‘‘trust’’ has a strange meaning. Most There’s your answer: The American people of them have spent all their lives in Govern- are going to change America. But only if ment and don’t have much experience in they have a Government, particularly a Con- the real world. Half my adult life spent in gress, with the wisdom to know its own lim- service and the other half trying to work its, with a leadership who knows where the for a living and make a paycheck and build true American imagination lies. Countries a business, I think that’s a good qualification around the world have at long last under- for President of the United States of Amer- stood the power of trusting the people. ica. They say they want to put people first. America will change by reaffirming the les- But if you look real close, the people that son that we have taught the entire world, they put first are all on a Government pay- by trusting a leader who trusts you. roll. It is a great pleasure to be back in the I stand with the flag-waving, yes, and the wonderful State of Wisconsin. Thank you God-fearing, yes, and the tax-paying, hard- all. May God bless the United States of working people of America. A leader of a America, the greatest, freest country on the free people must understand that Govern- face of the Earth. Thank you very, very ment can not only help, it can hinder. He much. must have the confidence to say, ‘‘I trust you. I trust the people.’’ Ultimately you Note: The President spoke at 2:09 p.m. at must decide who you trust, who has the Outlook Graphics Corp. In his remarks, he experience, the ideals, and the ideas to find referred to David Erdmann, president of the the appropriate balance. corporation.

1192 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / July 27

Letter to Congressional Leaders Transmitting Proposed Legislation on Wyoming Public Lands Wilderness Designation July 27, 1992

Dear Mr. Speaker: (Dear Mr. President:) will complement existing areas of congres- I am pleased to submit for congressional sionally designated wilderness. They will consideration and passage the ‘‘Wyoming provide new and outstanding opportunities Public Lands Wilderness Act’’. for solitude and unconfined recreation. The Federal Land Policy and Manage- The enclosed draft legislation provides ment Act of 1976 (FLPMA), (43 U.S.C. that designation as wilderness shall not con- 1701, et seq.), directs the Secretary of the stitute a reservation of water or water rights Interior to review the wilderness potential for wilderness purposes. This is consistent of the public lands. with the fact that the Congress did not es- The review of the areas identified in Wyo- tablish a Federal reserved water right for ming began immediately after the enact- wilderness purposes. The Administration ment of FLPMA and has now been com- has established the policy that, where it is pleted. Approximately 577,504 acres of pub- necessary to obtain water rights for wilder- lic lands in 42 areas in Wyoming met the ness purposes in a specific wilderness area, minimum wilderness criteria and were des- water rights would be sought from the State ignated as wilderness study areas (WSAs). by filing under State water laws. Further- These WSAs were studied and analyzed more, it is the policy of the Administration during the review process and the results that the designation of wilderness areas documented in nine environmental impact should not interfere with the use of water statements and one instant study area re- rights, State water administration, or the use port. of a State’s interstate water allocation. Based on the studies and reviews of the The draft legislation also provides for ac- WSAs, the Secretary of the Interior is rec- cess to wilderness areas by Indian people ommending that all or part of 21 of the for traditional cultural and religious pur- WSAs, totaling 240,364 acres of public poses. Access by the general public may be lands, be designated as part of the National limited in order to protect the privacy of Wilderness Preservation System. From religious cultural activities taking place in these 21 WSAs, the Secretary proposes to specific wilderness areas. In addition, to the designate 20 wilderness areas by consolidat- fullest extent practicable, the Department ing two WSAs into one wilderness area. of the Interior will coordinate with the De- I concur with the Secretary of the Interi- partment of Defense to minimize the im- or’s recommendations and am pleased to pact of any overflights during these religious recommend designation of the 20 areas (to- cultural activities. talling 240,364 acres) identified in the en- I further concur with the Secretary of the closed draft legislation as additions to the Interior that all or part of 30 of the WSAs National Wilderness Preservation System. encompassing 337,140 acres are not suitable The proposed additions represent the di- for preservation as wilderness. versity of wilderness values in the State of Also enclosed are a letter and report from Wyoming. These range from the badlands the Secretary of the Interior concerning the of Adobetown and the Honeycomb Buttes, WSAs discussed above and a section-by-sec- to the canyon of the Sweetwater River, to tion analysis of the draft legislation. I urge the subalpine regions of the Ferris Moun- the Congress to act expeditiously and favor- tains and Raymond Mountain. These areas ably on the proposed legislation so that the span a wide variety of Wyoming landforms, natural resources of these WSAs in Wyo- ecosystems, and other natural systems and ming may be protected and preserved. features. Their inclusion in the wilderness Sincerely, system will improve the geographic distribution of wilderness areas in Wyoming, and GEORGE BUSH

1193 July 27 / Administration of George Bush, 1992

Note: Identical letters were sent to Thomas atives, and Dan Quayle, President of the S. Foley, Speaker of the House of Represent- Senate.

Message to the Congress Transmitting the Report of the National Science Foundation July 27, 1992

To the Congress of the United States: 1991. In accordance with 42 U.S.C. 1863(j)(1), GEORGE BUSH I transmit herewith the annual report of the National Science Foundation for Fiscal Year The White House, July 27, 1992.

Statement by Press Secretary Fitzwater on the Situation in Somalia July 27, 1992

The tragedy in Somalia, where vast num- mitted $63 million over the past 2 years bers of people are suffering and dying from for humanitarian relief including airlifts of famine caused by a senseless civil war, re- food and medical supplies. We will commit quires the urgent attention of the inter- additional resources as needed. However, national community. We strongly support more must be done to create conditions the proposals of U.N. Secretary-General where this vital assistance can reach the Boutros Boutros-Ghali to mobilize the inter- people who so desperately need it. national community to meet these urgent First and foremost, it is imperative that humanitarian needs and to convince the the leaders of the Somali factions them- warring Somali factions to end the fighting. selves put the needs of their own people We urge the Security Council at its meeting first and allow the food to reach all Somalis today to take the actions needed to acceler- in need. We urge the United Nations to ate the delivery of food and medicine and move as quickly as possible to deploy an to promote a peaceful settlement of this dis- effective number of security guards to per- pute. mit relief supplies to move into and within The United States stands ready to do its Somalia. We are prepared to contribute part to support these efforts. We have com- generously to fund such an effort.

White House Fact Sheet: The State of Wisconsin’s Two-Tier Welfare Demonstration Project July 27, 1992

The President today announced approval to Families with Dependent Children wel- of a second Federal waiver for the State fare benefits who are new arrivals to Wis- of Wisconsin’s welfare reform effort. The consin would receive the benefit level paid waivers will enable Wisconsin to implement a two-tier welfare benefit. Recipients of Aid

1194 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / July 27 in that person’s State of origin, regardless the second for Wisconsin; Wisconsin re- of whether the State of origin’s rate is high- ceived its first waiver on April 17. Other er or lower than Wisconsin’s. waivers have been approved for California, Maryland, New Jersey, and Oregon. The Problem Wisconsin’s survey of new welfare recipi- Wisconsin’s Two-Tier Welfare ents in Milwaukee County for June 1992 Demonstration Project found 16 percent had moved to Wisconsin, applied for welfare benefits within 90 days The project will run for 3 years in up of arriving in the State, and had never pre- to six Wisconsin counties. The two-tier ben- viously lived in Wisconsin. Of this group, efit will be in effect in Milwaukee, Kenosha, 28 percent had moved from Illinois. Racine, and up to three other counties. In In explaining why it seeks waivers, Wis- those counties, AFDC benefits for a new consin notes that, except for Minnesota, arrival in the State would be paid at the welfare benefits in all adjoining and nearby level in that person’s State of origin, regard- States are lower than in Wisconsin. Wiscon- less of whether the State of origin’s rate sin’s welfare benefit for a family of three is higher or lower than Wisconsin’s. A per- is $517 per month. The level in Illinois, the son arriving in the State to take a job who most populous adjoining State, is $367 per is employed for at least 90 days and subse- month for a family of three. Payments are quently seeks AFDC will be paid at the $288 per month in Indiana, $426 in Iowa, Wisconsin rate. A person who is a former and $532 in Minnesota for families of three. Wisconsin resident for at least 6 months will also be paid at the Wisconsin rate. The President’s Proposal Results in the counties where the two- In his State of the Union Address, the tier benefit is in effect will be compared President pledged to help any State at- to three other counties and the balance of tempting to reform its welfare system to the State where the two-tier benefit will not promote individual responsibility by making be in effect. The project will operate for it easier to obtain quickly any waiver of 3 years, after which its effects will be evalu- Federal regulations that may be required. ated to assess whether AFDC recipients Today’s is the sixth such waiver to be ap- move to the State for the purposes of ob- proved since the State of the Union. It is taining higher AFDC benefits.

White House Fact Sheet: The Wisconsin Youth Apprenticeship Program July 27, 1992

Today the President commended Wiscon- The Problem sin Governor Tommy Thompson for his ef- Upwards of one-fifth of American stu- forts in developing a statewide youth ap- dents drop out of high school. Most experi- prenticeship program. The Wisconsin youth ence difficulty in securing permanent em- apprenticeship program, undertaken in part- ployment. Few have the skills that will en- nership with the U.S. Department of Labor, able them to succeed in today’s work force. which provided $200,000 in seed money to The rapid pace of technical innovation de- the State, will provide an integrated state- mands not only higher skills but also higher wide approach to the education and job levels of educational achievement. training needs of students throughout the Many of those students who drop out State. view high school as primarily preparation

1195 July 27 / Administration of George Bush, 1992 for college. They do not consider high cation and seed money. A description of this school relevant to what they intend to do proposed legislation is outlined in an April in the future. Apprenticeship programs, 14, 1992, White House fact sheet. which in many countries serve as a bridge In response to the President’s directive between school and work, are not generally to Secretary of Labor Lynn Martin to work available as an option to U.S. high school with States to encourage apprenticeship ini- students. tiatives, youth apprenticeship research and demonstration projects have been initiated The President’s Proposal in six States including Wisconsin. The President’s proposed ‘‘Youth Appren- ticeship Act of 1992,’’ submitted to Con- gress on May 13, 1992, would facilitate de- Note: The fact sheet issued by the Office veloping youth apprenticeship programs. of the Press Secretary also contained a de- The Federal role includes program certifi- tailed description of the Wisconsin program.

Remarks to Hispanic Business Leaders July 28, 1992

Nice to see you all. Thank you, and wel- because you create jobs, you meet a payroll. come to the Rose Garden. May I just say The only people with a tougher challenge a word at the beginning of the great con- might be either one of two people: the fidence I have in Secretary Barbara Frank- coach of the Angolan basketball team— lin, our new Secretary of Commerce, and [laughter]—or maybe, really, the guy that in our very able Ambassador, Carla Hills, shot the arrow to light the torch. You talk who is doing a superb job hammering out about courage. Brent Scowcroft said, ‘‘I the details, trying to achieve this NAFTA think somebody was up there with a ciga- agreement; also continuing to work, both of rette lighter just in case it missed.’’ [Laugh- them, on the need to get a worldwide ter] But nevertheless—hey, wait a minute, agreement on successful conclusion to the we’ve got to be serious here. Uruguay round of GATT. But we are very, very fortunate in this country to have this You have come to Washington at a tough kind of leadership in these two terribly im- time, too late for the cherry blossoms, just portant jobs. in time for the humidity. And today I’d like May I say to Jesus Chavarria, the editor to add a little heat because I really have and publisher of Hispanic Business, thank something that’s on my mind. you for your leadership in bringing together The economy is growing, albeit too slow- so many dynamic men and women from the ly. Hispanic-owned businesses are in the Hispanic-owned businesses. Frankly—you vanguard of this growth, in the forefront want to hear it for him? Okay, let’s do it. of creating new, good jobs for Americans. [Applause] Why don’t you stand up? And we need to grow faster. And we know But it’s a wonderful thing that you do, what’s holding us back. Let me sum it up and I’m sure everybody here would agree in a simple sentence: Government is too with that. But people across the country big. The Government side is too big, and ought to know of this and ought to agree it spends too much. An old guard of tax- because, really, you enliven this country. and-spend politicians has controlled Con- You’re keeping America great, all these gress for most of 40 years. And believe me, businesspeople here. And we salute you. that is a fact. Already this year I’ve given We do believe in the future, and we know how to get there. Obviously, our future de- Congress a choice between economic pends on freedom. Freedom works, and growth and big Government. And Congress freedom is right. And as I see this free eco- sided with the big Government. nomic system working with you at the Here’s what happened. And I recite this helms, you are the heroes of the economy

1196 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / July 28 history because I think it’s important you ings in Mexico last weekend. And they’re have it in mind when you go up to Capitol going to meet again, I think, in just a few Hill. In January I proposed a commonsense, days. We’re very close to completing an comprehensive plan to get this economy agreement. And that agreement will mean moving faster, right then. The plan includes more jobs, more growth, more opportunity tax incentives to encourage businesses to for American workers. hire new workers and breaks for young fam- Look at the numbers. During the recent ilies who want to buy a first home. Half partial opening of the Mexican market since a million jobs would have been created if 1986, U.S. exports to Mexico have almost the Congress had acted right away. tripled. They have almost tripled. More than That didn’t happen. Instead Congress 600,000 American workers now owe their passed a package of new Government jobs to trade with Mexico. We enjoy a ro- spending and new taxes. They knew I would bust trade surplus with Mexico, $2.1 billion have to veto that package. And so I did. last year. And it’s estimated that we’ll I sent the plan back, and I’m still waiting achieve a surplus of more than $8 billion almost 200 days later. This economic recov- this year. The new jobs created by trade ery plan is being held hostage, and the ran- with Mexico are to be found not only in som note reads, I think we all know this, the border States but all across the country. ‘‘Wait until after the election.’’ Our top 10 States exporting to Mexico, let We need that first-time credit. We need me just click off some, include Michigan, the investment tax allowance. We need to Illinois, New York, Pennsylvania, and Flor- change these IRA’s. We need to move on ida. They don’t exactly border the Rio capital gains to create more small busi- Grande. nesses. The party that controls Congress is holding jobs and free enterprise hostage. When the trade agreement goes to Con- They talk about class warfare, about squeez- gress, not if but when, we are going to need ing more from the rich. What they don’t the utmost help from each and every one say is that more than half of those affected of you. Please don’t have any illusions that by the proposed hike in individual tax rates this is going to be an easy fight. The leader- are family farmers, small-business men and ship of Hispanic business men and women women, people just like yourselves. So you was crucial, crucial in winning that Fast are out there trying to create jobs, and you Track effort that I heard Carla discussing need a pat on the back, not $100 billion just before I came out here. This new round in new taxes and Federal mandates on your of the battle will make Fast Track seem shoulders. easy by comparison; we know that. But we I do understand that you’re going up to are ready, and we’ve got to be sure we Capitol Hill later, and I’d ask you to take keep—the battle itself for this must be non- a message up there with you: Tell the Mem- partisan or bipartisan or however you want bers we need quicker growth now, and tell to look at it. We need support from every- them to approve these growth initiatives body to get this done. that are still up there without delay. Tell We’ve consulted closely with the Con- them to release the economy and approve gress and with business leaders every step the jobs program and put America back to of the way in these negotiations. Again, I work right now. just can’t tell you the number of hours that We’re together today because we also Carla Hills and her team has spent, properly share a vision for the long term. We want so, in my view, but with the various business to build a solid future, a future for our and labor and environmental interests all country in the world economy. And one of across our country, keeping them informed, the most exciting developments in our Na- getting their suggestions, bringing them tion’s history is coming now to fruition. along. We made commitments to Congress You’ve heard about it here this morning. last year, and we are going to meet each I’m talking, obviously, about the North and every one of them. And when we American free trade agreement. Our nego- wrap up the agreement, it’s going to be tiators reported solid progress from meet- a good deal for American consumers

1197 July 28 / Administration of George Bush, 1992 and businesses and especially for American just on this one, trust me to do what is workers. right for America and to do what’s right To me, ideas like free trade are worth for the future. fighting for because, really, you’ve got to So I hope you’ll agree with me. And inas- put it in the broad context. We’re fighting much as NAFTA—we’re talking about for our children’s futures. I know that’s not mainly Mexico today, I might peripherally politically popular in all places. I know say I am very proud that we have such a there’s an awful lot of special interests that good bilateral relationship with that impor- are lined up against a potential free trade tant republic to our south. It’s never been agreement; we understand that. better. And once again, I’d like to salute Too many of us in national politics often President Carlos Salinas, the President of act like an old South Carolina Senator some Mexico, who’s working very closely with us of you may remember, Olin Johnston. He to bring this agreement to fulfillment. didn’t like to cover anything controversial And one last point I want to make. There in these newsletters that he sent out to his isn’t any political timing on this. Carla ex- constituents. He told his aide, ‘‘Just put in plained to you the timing, the realities of a column about communism.’’ The aide the law and what we must comply with and complied, writing a crackerjack column ex- how we must do it. But in spite of opposi- posing the evils of communism, putting the tion, nobody is going to turn this one into good Senator squarely on the side of Amer- a political football because we’re going for- ica. The Senator read the draft, and he said, ward to do something what is right for the ‘‘Son, how many Communists do you think United States. we have in South Carolina?’’ The aide an- So thank you all very much for what the swered, ‘‘Well, I suppose maybe five or six.’’ Hispanic businessmen and businesswomen And the Senator replied, ‘‘Well, just make are doing to build a very solid foundation sure they don’t get this newsletter.’’ [Laugh- for the future. And on this very beautiful ter] day, may God bless you all and the United Well, I guess Carla knows and Barbara States of America. knows and I know that more than five or Thank you very, very much. six people are going to stand against free trade. But I’m not going to back down. You Note: The President spoke at 9:35 a.m. in know it’s right, and I know it’s right. And the Rose Garden at the White House.

Message to the Senate Transmitting the Russia-United States Investment Treaty July 28, 1992

To the Senate of the United States: By adopting the treaty’s high standards for With a view to receiving the advice and protection of U.S. investment, Russia seeks consent of the Senate to ratification, I trans- to encourage the U.S. private sector to in- mit herewith the Treaty Between the vest in Russia. For the United States Gov- United States of America and the Russian ernment, the treaty serves the goals of aid- Federation Concerning the Encouragement ing Russia’s transition to a market economy and Reciprocal Protection of Investment, and of strengthening our bilateral economic with Protocol and related exchanges of let- ties. ters, signed at Washington on June 17, In addition, the treaty is fully consistent 1992. I transmit also, for the information with U.S. policy toward international invest- of the Senate, the report of the Department ment. A specific tenet, reflected in this trea- of State with respect to this treaty. ty, is that U.S. investment abroad and for- This treaty creates a favorable legal framework for U.S. investment in Russia. eign investment in the United States

1198 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / July 30 should receive fair, equitable, and non- I recommend that the Senate consider discriminatory treatment. Under this treaty, this treaty as soon as possible, and give its the Parties also agree to international law advice and consent to ratification of the standards for expropriation and expropria- treaty, with protocol and related exchanges tion compensation; free transfers of funds of letters, at an early date. associated with investments; and the option GEORGE BUSH of the investor to resolve disputes with the host government through international arbi- The White House, tration. July 28, 1992.

Statement by Press Secretary Fitzwater on the President’s Meeting With President-Elect Sixto Duran-Ballen of Ecuador July 28, 1992

The President met this afternoon with at economic reform and regional narcotics President-elect Sixto Duran of Ecuador. cooperation. The President congratulated President-elect President-elect Duran will be inaugurated Duran on his election to the Presidency of on August 10, 1992. The United States will Ecuador and commended the people of Ec- be represented by a special Presidential uador for the peaceful, democratic way they mission. have chosen their leaders in three Presi- President Bush last met President-elect dential elections since 1979. The President Duran in March of 1987, when he visited assured Mr. Duran that the United States Ecuador in the aftermath of a major earth- wants to maintain excellent relations with quake. his country and support Ecuador’s efforts

Statement on Senate Action on the Alternative Minimum Tax July 29, 1992

My national energy strategy was designed and gas producers. AMT relief removes a to increase domestic energy production, re- disincentive to the production of American duce our dependence on imports, promote oil and gas at a time when we desperately conservation and efficiency, and create need more domestically produced energy. American jobs. Today, the Senate took a It will free up more than $1 billion of cap- major step towards these important goals. ital over the next 5 years, capital that will I am pleased the Senate overwhelmingly enable us to make needed investments in rejected an attempt to kill alternative mini- America’s future. mum tax (AMT) relief for independent oil

1199 July 30 / Administration of George Bush, 1992

Remarks at the Superconducting Super Collider Laboratory in Waxahachie, Texas July 30, 1992

Thank you all so much for that introduc- said, ‘‘Well, some people might tell you I tion. Thanks for that welcome back home. have a tendency to exaggerate a little bit.’’ Thank you so very much, and good morning Well, when we look at our economy, we everyone. Please be seated—never mind. should resist the urge to exaggerate our [Laughter] problems. Sure we face some very stiff chal- Joe Barton, thank you sir, for your kind lenges, but let’s not forget a few facts. introduction, your generous comments. And We’re the world’s largest economy. No let me just say to you, some of whom are other nation sells more products outside its constituents, many friends, the confidence borders; exports tremendously high. Infla- I have in this man knows no bounds. He’s tion is the lowest in two decades. And if an outstanding Representative for this area you want to talk to the world’s most produc- of Texas in the United States Congress. tive workers, you don’t have to brush up May I also acknowledge our dais compan- on your Japanese or your German. The ions: the Deputy Secretary for Energy that ‘‘Dream Team’’ of workers can be found Joe talked to you about, Linda Stuntz; Jack right here in the United States of America. Martin; Joe Cipriano; and of course, Dr. So the question today is not can America Roy Schwitters. Joe and Roy were kind compete; we know we can do that. The enough to lead Linda and me on a tour question is how do we stay number one of this impressive facility. And out there in and share our prosperity with more Ameri- the audience someplace, another I’m grate- cans and create more jobs for the American ful to is Waxahachie’s Mayor, Joe Grubbs. worker. We salute him and thank him for his city’s hospitality. First, we face some short-term challenges. Now, the super collider. The super This morning the new economic numbers collider is one of the greatest scientific came out; they were released, telling you projects in the entire world. This place at- something you probably can pick up from tracts scientific genius the way our U.S. bas- conversations down at the local hardware ketball players attract autograph seekers store. The economy is growing, but it’s got over there in Barcelona. So for me it is to grow faster. The economy grew at, what, an incredible honor to be among you and 2.9 percent in the first quarter, and now— to hear of your dreams and accomplish- that was stronger than originally reported— ments. but only 1.4 percent in the second. Housing As much as any State, Texas is a land sales, though, were much stronger than ex- of old and new, a place where ‘‘boot’’ means pected, up 8 percent in June. But overall, something you wear on your feet and what while the national economy is still growing, you do to turn on your computer each it is not growing fast enough. morning. And so I come here to talk just Now, economists are going to tell you that a little bit about what we need to do to this kind of uneven growth is not unusual. prepare for the economy of the 21st cen- Since World War II, the first year of every tury. recovery has shown the same pattern, with I’d like to start with a story not about one quarter up and the next quarter down the economy but football, a story about a a little bit. Most of the economists, blue freshman who walked out onto the field chip economists, predict that the economy over at S.M.U. for his first football practice. is going to get stronger the rest of the year, He told the coach, ‘‘Look, I can throw the and I believe that they’re right. But we have ball 60 yards in a perfect spiral. I can run got to act now to guarantee that. the 40 in 4.4. My punts usually carry 75 On January 29th, I put forward a specific yards into the wind.’’ The coach looked at program to create new jobs with incentives this guy; he said, ‘‘Kid, everybody has a to encourage businesses to hire new workers weakness. What’s yours?’’ And this freshman and help Americans who want to buy a

1200 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / July 30 new home. If that plan was in place, it about change, about preparing for the fu- would have been creating almost 15,000 ture. But for the past 3 years, without a new jobs a day, over a half a million jobs lot of hype or fanfare, we’ve put forward since February. For 183 days, in spite of a series of dramatic ideas to change America the efforts of Joe Barton and a handful of so that we will win in the new economic others, the Congress has dillied and dallied olympics. From our unprecedented effort to while too many Americans are looking for open up new markets to our products to work. They have made some progress, but our program to make our grade and ele- we need this program of growth incentives mentary schools as great as our colleges, passed right now. I hope you and all of from proposed record increases in basic lab- these people will join me. I hope you’ll join oratory research to new ways to help our me in reminding Congress that we can’t companies get ideas from the laboratory to wait another 183 days. This sign is right: the marketplace, from new incentives for We the people need jobs. And we need to American business men and women to new stimulate this economy and get those jobs. efforts to rip away the regulations that So help me pass that growth program. No hinder innovation, from top to bottom our more holding the American economy hos- entire program is designed to build America tage to politics. Vote for this economic re- for the 21st century. covery program, and put more Americans Now, some advocate a very different, dif- to work now. ferent approach. They want to erect protec- Now, that’s the short-term program, but tionist walls around our economy. They sug- the real question on Americans’ minds is: gest that Government should invest directly What about 5 years from now? What about in industry and that maybe it’s time we try 10 years, 20? Will America still be the having some guy in Washington pick eco- world’s leading economy? That’s the ques- nomic winners and losers. tion that I want to just focus on in this I don’t trust that approach. I trust our very special place this morning. business men and women to create and in- You know, our economy has changed in novate. I trust our workers to perform. I many ways since Barbara and I moved to trust you, our best researchers and sci- Odessa 44 years ago, back in 1948. Back entists, to lead America to a bigger and then, everybody was talking about new de- brighter future. All you need is some tools, velopments in television, atomic energy. and that’s what our programs provide. This was just after World War II, and every- First, in an age when knowledge is king, one in the neighborhood would turn out we want Americans to wear the crown. I when somebody drove home in a brandnew admit I am very proud of our young peo- car. ple’s domination in swimming and basket- Today the new industries are computers, ball. But by the year 2000 I want our kids biotech, material science. You not only can to be champions not just in the pool and get a new car; you can get a car with a on the court, I want them to be number new fax machine inside it. I can’t quite un- one in the math class and in the science derstand for the life of me why anyone lab. wants to get faxed something while they are Our second priority is to extend America’s going along at 65 miles an hour or 60. heritage as the world’s leader in technology. Back when I started out in business, you The new industries that I’ve mentioned this could get a job based on what you could morning will potentially create millions of lift with your shoulders. Today a good job new jobs. We don’t want them nurtured in depends on what you can fit inside your Germany or Japan. We want them built head. Back then, America reigned supreme here in Texas, here in America. in steel and emerging industries like elec- The programs that we’ve put forward to tronics, and today we’re competing for the build America are all prejudiced, yes. They lead in emerging basic industries of the 21st are prejudiced to the future, loyal only to century: computers, biotech, and material our children. But we can make this invest- science. ment without new taxes or budget-busting It’s fashionable this year for people to talk spending today.

1201 July 30 / Administration of George Bush, 1992

The Federal Government already spends, While they proclaim to be ‘‘future’s friend’’ here it is, $1.4 trillion of your money every they have repeatedly blocked programs I year. So I have proposed to do what you have put forward in education and research. do with your family budget every weekend: And now, they’ve set their sights on the set priorities. Cut back on mandatory super collider. spending today, and do away with almost The House last month voted to shut down 250 Government programs that simply don’t this project, the House of Representatives, work anymore. in spite of the heroic efforts of this scientist, I’ve got a friend that many of you know, this Congressman with me here today, and Randy Travis, and he sings something about this Deputy Secretary of Energy with me love going on ‘‘forever and ever.’’ Well, I’m here today. Now, the Senate will consider not sure Randy would sing the same tune it soon. And no one should be under any about a taxpayer-supported research pro- illusion: Savings from killing the super gram on the mating habits of minks. We’ve got to get rid of those needless programs. collider will not be used to reduce the defi- But then we come to priorities. The super cit, as some said. collider is big priority, a big part of our Some Members of Congress want to use investment in America’s future. When you this money to support organized interests talk basic research, this is the Louvre, the whose backing they need in an election pyramids, Niagara Falls, all rolled into one. year. They will squander the taxpayer’s Where once we reached for the Moon money today rather than invest in our econ- above to explore new frontiers of our uni- omy with tomorrow in sight. Make no mis- verse, soon we’ll begin to tunnel below to take: This is a battle being waged right now learn about the fundamental question of in the Congress between the patrons of the science, how our universe began. past, and the architects of the future. And A couple of weeks ago, I hosted a meeting that is every one of you standing here today. on this project in the White House with It may not be popular in all places, but seven preeminent scientists, including four I am determined, election year or not, to Nobel prize winners, four Nobel laureates. do what is right for America. Today I say: They started talking about quarks and I stand with our young people who want quenches, and I wondered for a minute if the jobs of tomorrow. I stand with our fu- they had all spent the weekend bird hunt- ture. And I will fight hard and continue ing. But nevertheless—[laughter]—but be- to fight hard for the super collider, and call neath all the discussion about matter and everybody necessary to get them to do what antimatter was real talk about what matters is right by science and technology. to our kids’ future: maintaining America’s Five hundred years ago this Monday, a technological supremacy. man named Columbus set sail on a journey History has shown again and again that by pushing technology to ever-higher levels that brought him to the shores of this great of accomplishment, we can achieve im- land. But in many respects, America’s voy- mensely practical consequences. To give age is never-ending. Centuries after Colum- you just one example, at Argonne Labora- bus set sail, our forebears tread this soil tories years ago, scientists were trying to pu- in wagon trains, and two centuries after rify liquid hydrogen for use with what was that, scientists at Johnson Space Center then the world’s largest accelerator. They watched as brave Americans set sail for the ended up figuring out a way to make artifi- stars. cial kidneys for just $15 apiece. That re- Today, new frontiers beckon; new discov- sulted from this fundamental science. The eries await; new progress lies before us. Our same kind of developments will occur right adventure is not to sail the open ocean but here, on a scale never before imagined. rather to go to the edge of the universe Here, for example, is where a new elec- and see the birth of space and of time. Our tronics industry is going to be born. vessel is not called Santa Maria, it is the Some in Congress don’t see it this way. super collider. But human imagination is They talk a good game about investment. still our compass and human ingenuity and

1202 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / July 30 yearning for progress our only power. To America. Thank you very much. those who would sacrifice tomorrow for today, I say: Trust in America’s future. Trust Note: The President spoke at 10:32 a.m. in in America’s incredible capacity for renewal the String Test Building. In his remarks, and innovation. Trust in the spirit that is he referred to Jack Martin, chairman, Texas here today, for ours is an eternal voyage National Research Commission; Joseph to greatness. And each and every one of Cipriano, director of the Superconducting you is a part of that voyage. Super Collider Project, Department of En- Thank you for listening. May God bless ergy; and Roy Schwitters, Director, Super- Texas, and God bless the United States of conducting Super Collider Laboratory.

Remarks to Odetics, Inc., Associates in Anaheim, California July 30, 1992

Thank you very much for that wonderfully that helped us carry the day. Many defense- warm Odetics welcome. Joel, let me tell you related firms are grappling with the new why Odetics was selected: its innovation, realities, and not all are doing it with the achievement, and attitude. May I thank your success that you’re having right here. fellow founders, Mr. Gudmundson, Mr. We know we can reduce defense spend- Muensch, Daly, Schulz, and Jim Welch for ing, cut it substantially and responsibly. The the hospitality, and all of you most of all victory in the cold war makes it mandatory for this hospitality. for a President to do just that. And I have On board every American space shuttle proposed a sensible defense build-down, a is Odetics. You’re everywhere I’m told, in blueprint that recognizes, post-cold-war re- the security camera, in the convenience alities but still gives this country the muscle store, and the corner ATM machine. I’ve that we need to meet whatever danger always wondered where all this stuff came comes our way. from. I think you’ve done for robotics what We also know that we need to help de- the guy at that Olympics ceremony has done fense firms and defense workers make the for the under fire archery, if you remember adjustment, to help technology-intensive that fellow. [Laughter] companies like yours compete and win in As Joel pointed out to me early on, the the economic olympics, where the prizes credit goes to the people behind the tech- aren’t medals, but they’re good jobs, and nology, the Odetics associates, the workers they’re bigger paychecks. here who have done such a great job. I happen to believe that the best defense Barbara was especially thrilled when she conversion program is a strong national heard I was coming out here. She said, ‘‘If economy, and that is my first and overriding everything you tell me about Odetics is true, priority. And this morning there were some then maybe you can find someone out there economic numbers out showing that—you who can teach you how to set the time on can probably pick this up from conversa- our VCR.’’ We need help. I don’t know how tions with your neighbors—the American you all handle it; we just leave ours flash- economy is growing nationally, but not fast ing—[laughter]—12:00, 12:00. That way enough. Most economists predict the econo- you’re right two times every 24 hours. my’s going to get stronger the rest of the [Laughter] year nationally. That’s true, I believe. But I think you all have played a significant your friends and neighbors do not want to part in what I believe is the central triumph wait for new jobs to be created; they want of our time, the free world’s great victory them now. in the cold war. But as you know, that tri- On January 29th, I put forward a specific umph means changes in the very industry program to spur the economic economy,

1203 July 30 / Administration of George Bush, 1992 would not have increased this deficit, but the reduction, significant reduction of the to spur the economic economy with incen- threat of nuclear war, the world still is a tives to encourage businesses to hire new dangerous place. workers and help Americans who want to I think back to the oath that I took on buy a home. If that plan was in place, it the Capitol steps there when I first became would have created 15,000 jobs a day, over President, to preserve, to protect, and to half a million jobs since February. For 183 defend the Constitution of the United days, the Congress has dillydallied with this States, and of the trust placed in me, the plan while we could be creating new jobs trust I’ve done my best to repay to keep for Americans. this Nation safe and secure. I am proud So do me a favor, help me send the of these accomplishments here and thankful United States Congress a message, the one that we’ve been able to give the order that institution that hasn’t changed control for so many Presidents long to give, for many 38 years: Don’t hold the American economy hostage to politics. Tell them to vote for of our nuclear forces to stand down from a recovery program and get this country alert. back to work right now. Yet in many ways, I know that our world A stronger economy is going to help a today is more uncertain, far more unpre- lot of your associates in related companies dictable than the world we left behind. The who might be looking for work these days. Soviet bear, that unified international Com- But we also need to help the defense firms munist Soviet bear, may be extinct, but and the workers make the adjustment and there are still plenty of wolves out there transfer your technological expertise to in the world, renegade rulers, outlaw re- other parts of our economy. gimes, terrorist regimes, Baghdad bullies. I That’s the idea behind what we call a na- won’t allow them to get a finger on the tional technology initiative to help bring nuclear trigger. This President, will never new technologies, those that have been de- allow a lone wolf to endanger American se- veloped at taxpayers’ expense in our labs, curity. We owe that to these kids right here out of the Federal labs and into the market- today. Yes, the world is a safer place, but place. And that’s why we’re pioneering a we’ve got to keep it safe. new program to help members of the de- I’ve been told about a certain political fense community, civilian and military, find speech not too many weeks ago. I missed new careers in America’s classrooms. it; I was fishing in Wyoming. [Laughter] It It’s why we’re doing away with something went on about the future of the country, called—this is technical—but called the I’m told, for about an hour. Out of all that recoupment fee. This is a tax charged time, that speech spent about one minute against military and commercial products on the national security of this Nation, one sold to customers other than the U.S. Gov- ernment. These fees hurt American compa- minute, 141 words to be exact. If you nies, American workers by making it more blinked or had to do something else or even difficult for them to compete for business heated up a ham and cheese sandwich in here and abroad. I’ve told the Secretary of the microwave, you missed the entire part Defense to eliminate these fees. If the Gov- about the national security and world peace. ernment unties the hands of businesses, I Well, I guess it’s all part of the change know that we can beat the pants off foreign thing. But when it comes to national de- competition. I think we can help through fense, I am worried that the other side is this transition. for change. They want to change the sub- But, you know, as another Californian ject, and their silence speaks volumes. I used to say, ‘‘Peace through strength never don’t believe that foreign policy and na- goes out of style.’’ And we cannot lose sight tional security is a footnote, a loose end we of the fact that for all the great gains that wrap up and then safely forget. The defense we’ve made for freedom and for all the budget is more than a piggy bank for folks peace of mind we’ve secured for our chil- who want to get busy beating swords into dren because of the elimination or certainly pork barrels. We’ve got to fight to keep

1204 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / July 30 this country sufficiently strong. from die cutters and welders to design So someone has to set the record straight teams and engineers thrown out of work and has to speak up for the muscle—not and then over onto the welfare. the waste, not that we can’t cut—but has You know, when a ship is decommis- to speak up for the needed muscle that sioned, it’s said to be put in mothballs. Well, gives meaning to American leadership. if we follow that plan, the opposition’s plan, Someone has to say, even now that we’ve the only industry hiring would be the moth- won the cold war: America is safe, but just ball industry. We cannot let that happen so long as America stays strong. to our country. If we took the course that some rec- As long as I am President, I make this ommend, we literally wouldn’t know what pledge: I will not let our economy be we’re missing until we found it out in the wrecked and our security threatened by the heat of battle. But the truth is that Odetics politically appealing idea of gutting our na- and other frontline firms around California, tional defense. They want to gut the de- you’d feel it first. The other side proposes fense, and we cannot let that happen. to cut nearly $60 billion in defense cuts be- So in conclusion let me just say, this year yond and below the level we see as the you’re going to hear a lot of talk about minimum necessary for national security, change. But to me this election, like every and we cannot let that happen: almost 4 other one, is also about trust. Who do you times more cuts than what we believe is trust to change America? Who do you trust, responsible so that I can certify to these not to do what’s easy or sounds good, might young people here that your future is going be responding to some poll out there, but to be safe. to do what is right for you and for your Cuts of that magnitude would jeopardize children and for the families of this country America’s ability to defend our citizens, our and for America? interests, and our ideals. Let me bring it I make this pledge to you, not to do what very close to home. Cuts of that magnitude is unwise or politically expedient, but I would cost workers in the defense industry pledge to fulfill the trust that you have as many as one million jobs. So we’ve got placed in me by doing what is right for this two reasons. The first and most important, country. we’ve got to do what my oath committed I am very, very pleased to be here. Now me to do: guarantee the national security I will end with the word that I know will of this country. Then we’ve got to also think get me a nice standing ovation: Odetics! Go about the American worker and not need- for it! lessly push him out of work. Thank you very much. I know that the California economy is struggling these days, and that some of it Note: The President spoke at 1:53 p.m. at comes, and I’ll accept the blame for this, the automated tape library division of from what I think are the responsible cuts Odetics, Inc. In his remarks, he referred to that we’ve approved. As the cold war ended, company officers Joel Slutzky, chairman of it was appropriate that we make some de- the board and chief executive officer; fense cuts. Crandall L. Gudmundson, president; Gerry But think of the shockwaves that reckless Muensch, vice president of marketing; Kevin defense cuts would touch off in construction C. Daly, vice president and chief technical and electronics and aerospace. Think of officer; Gordon Schulz, vice president of me- what those layoffs will do to housing prices. chanical engineering; and James P. Welch, Think of the workers, think of the families, vice president of electrical engineering.

1205 July 30 / Administration of George Bush, 1992

Message to the Senate Transmitting the Protocol to the Ireland- United States Friendship, Commerce, and Navigation Treaty July 30, 1992

To the Senate of the United States: that would be accorded nationals of Ireland With a view to receiving the advice and under E–2 visa status. consent of the Senate to ratification, I trans- As I reaffirmed in my December 1991 mit herewith the Protocol to the Treaty of policy statement, the United States has long Friendship, Commerce and Navigation be- championed the benefits of an open invest- tween the United States of America and ment climate, both at home and abroad. Ireland of January 21, 1950, signed at Wash- U.S. policy is to welcome market-driven for- ington on June 24, 1992. I transmit also, eign investment and to permit capital to for the information of the Senate, the report flow freely to seek its highest return. Ire- of the Department of State with respect to land also provides an open investment cli- this protocol. mate. Visas for investors facilitate invest- This protocol will establish the legal basis ment activity and thus directly support our by which the United States may issue inves- mutual policy objectives of an open invest- tor (E–2) visas to qualified nationals of Ire- ment climate. land. The protocol modifies the U.S.-Ireland I recommend that the Senate consider friendship, commerce, and navigation this protocol as soon as possible and give (FCN) treaty to allow for entry and sojourn its advice and consent to ratification of the of investors. This is a benefit provided in protocol at an early date. the large majority of U.S. FCN treaties. It GEORGE BUSH is also a benefit already accorded to U.S. investors in Ireland who are eligible for The White House, visas that offer comparable benefits to those July 30, 1992.

Message to the Senate Transmitting the Protocol to the Finland- United States Friendship, Commerce, and Consular Rights Treaty July 30, 1992

To the Senate of the United States: land friendship, commerce, and navigation With a view to receiving the advice and (FCN) treaty to allow for entry and sojourn consent of the Senate to ratification, I trans- of investors. This is a benefit provided in mit herewith the Protocol to the Treaty of the large majority of U.S. FCN treaties. It Friendship, Commerce, and Consular is also a benefit already accorded to U.S. Rights Between the United States of Amer- investors in Finland who are eligible for ica and the Republic of Finland of February visas that offer comparable benefits to those 13, 1934, as modified by the Protocol of that would be accorded nationals of Finland December 4, 1952, signed at Washington under E–2 visa status. on July 1, 1991. I transmit also, for the in- As I reaffirmed in my December 1991 formation of the Senate, the report of the policy statement, the United States has long Department of State with respect to this championed the benefits of an open invest- protocol. ment climate, both at home and abroad. This protocol will establish the legal basis U.S. policy is to welcome market-driven for- by which the United States may issue inves- eign investment and to permit capital to tor (E–2) visas to qualified nationals of Fin- flow freely to seek its highest return. Fin- land. The protocol modifies the U.S.-Fin- land also provides an open investment cli-

1206 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / July 30 mate. Visas for investors facilitate invest- its advice and consent to ratification of the ment activity and thus directly support our protocol at an early date. mutual policy objectives of an open invest- GEORGE BUSH ment climate. I recommend that the Senate consider The White House, this protocol as soon as possible and give July 30, 1992.

Statement by Deputy Press Secretary Smith on Deployment of C– 130 Aircraft to Angola July 30, 1992

In response to requests by Angolan Presi- tration has worked to achieve a peaceful dent dos Santos, UNITA President Savimbi, resolution of the civil conflict in Angola in and U.N. Secretary-General Boutros-Ghali, a fashion that would permit that war-torn the President has instructed the Depart- country to move into an era of peace and ment of Defense to deploy three U.S. C– multiparty democracy. The fighting has 130 aircraft to Angola for approximately 6 ended, and Angola is now firmly embarked weeks. The aircraft will be used to support on the first free elections in its history. Ap- transportation of troops demobilized in ac- proximately 4 million citizens have already cordance with the peace accords between registered to vote for the first time in their UNITA and the Angolan Government and lives. President Bush attaches high priority to support the elections that will take place to ensuring that free and fair elections take September 29–30. place as scheduled and that all parties re- Since assuming office, the Bush adminis- spect the outcome of the elections.

White House Fact Sheet: The Bush Administration’s Policies for an American Technological Revolution July 30, 1992

The President today met with the sci- that research. It involves a technology policy entists, management, and workers at the that recognizes the important role of entre- world’s largest science and engineering preneurs and the need for flexibility in de- project, the superconducting super collider ploying resources to their most efficient (SSC). He reaffirmed his continuing strong uses. support of the Federal investment in this unprecedented scientific undertaking which The Bush Administration Principles will provide broad societal benefits. Since 1989, President Bush has aggressively pushed a strong science and tech- The Problem nology agenda, and he has proposed devot- Technological innovation is essential to ing an unprecedented level of resources to sustained economic growth. Those nations R&D. that innovate most successfully will compete The President’s science and technology best in an increasingly integrated global agenda relies on six basic principles: economy. The private sector must be free to deter- International competitiveness requires mine its own research priorities; needed investments in basic research and The Federal Government must promote efficiently commercializing the results of sound tax policies that stimulate private

1207 July 30 / Administration of George Bush, 1992 sector investment in R&D and technological metals. innovation; 2. Intellectual Property Rights in the Uru- The Federal Government must assure guay Round. The administration is currently that its regulations do not impede firms negotiating to ensure that the U.S. science from developing products or from bringing and engineering base is protected from for- safe, new products to market; eign pirating of technology. The Federal Government must support a 3. North American Free Trade Agreement strong program of basic and applied R&D (NAFTA). The administration is completing which provides broad societal benefits; the negotiations on the NAFTA which will The Federal Government must work co- open new opportunities for American ex- operatively with the private sector in the porters and the free flow of investment cap- development of generic or enabling tech- ital into the technologically intensive fields nologies; of the environment, medicine, agriculture, Federally funded technology must be electronics, and telecommunications. transferred swiftly and effectively to the pri- 4. U.S./Asia Environmental Partnership. vate sector for commercialization. This unprecedented coalition of U.S. and The President has taken these six prin- Asian government units, businesses, and ciples and developed a comprehensive strat- community groups is working together to egy for enhancing America’s technology enhance Asia’s environment. This will result prowess and competitiveness. It includes: in the greater export of American techno- Opening up foreign markets to U.S. logical know-how and equipment. goods; Accelerating technology transfer; ACCELERATING TECHNOLOGY TRANSFER Investing in the future: Strengthening our knowledge base and increasing Federal sup- The Federal Government has invested port for emerging technologies; billions of dollars in creating the world’s fin- Educating our students for a world of est, most advanced research laboratories. technology; This valuable national resource can assist ci- Coordinating with the private sector in vilian research efforts to investigate and de- consortia and other arrangements to develop commercially viable technologies. velop generic or enabling technologies; Technology Transfer. The FY 1993 budg- Stimulating private sector R&D through et proposes a significant increase in tech- sound tax policies; and nology transfer activities, including almost Promoting technology through a sound 1,500 cooperative research and develop- regulatory system. ment agreements (CRADA’s) between Gov- ernment laboratories and private industry, OPENING UP FOREIGN MARKETS TO U.S. an increase of 60 percent over the past 2 GOODS years; approximately 4,500 new invention The U.S. remains the world leader in the disclosures; 2,000 patent applications; and export of scientific and technological knowl- almost 300 technology licenses awarded. edge. Our high-tech exports have increased The Administration’s National Technology by two-thirds since 1987, and we enjoy a Initiative. Ten conferences have been held $37 billion trade surplus of high-tech ex- across the country, and five more are sched- ports with the rest of the world. The Presi- uled between now and December 1, 1992. dent is determined to maintain this position These conferences act as catalysts for creat- by opening new foreign markets and by pro- ing new partnerships among Government, tecting the intellectual property rights of universities, and American companies to those on the leading edge of scientific and better translate new technologies into mar- technological innovation. ketable goods and services. A list of the con- 1. Bilateral Agreements With Japan. The ferences is attached. administration has opened Japanese markets Expanding the Role of the National Lab- to U.S. high-tech goods through trade oratories. The FY 1993 budget proposes agreements covering supercomputers, sat- that national laboratories play a greater role ellites, semiconductors, and amorphous in high priority areas of civilian applied

1208 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / July 31

R&D by helping to form R&D consortia industry and academia. and other collaborative arrangements led by

Remarks at a Breakfast With Community Service Clubs in Riverside, California July 31, 1992

Thank you very, very much for that warm dent Reagan got when he stood and he said, welcome. And Governor, my friend Pete ‘‘Take down that wall.’’ A lot of people Wilson, thank you for that kind and gener- thought he was out of touch with reality, ous introduction. You stole most of what and he wasn’t. They said Russians would I had planned to say—[laughter]—but I never troop to the polls, but they are. They don’t want to take up too much of your said the world would never come together Friday morning here. Let me just, before to say ‘‘enough’’ to a Baghdad bully, but getting going, quickly thank some of our we did, and we will again if we have to. hosts: Jim Milam, who I met on the way He is going to mind and match every one in; Bill Bonnett; your able emcee, Bob of those U.N. resolutions and live up to Wolf, of the Lincoln Club, a man who also them. You believe me. gave a fine introduction; Ken Calvert, a man Now that we’ve changed the world, it is who really can and will make a difference high time to change America. I believe our in Washington, DC; Paul Rout of the Cali- first priority must be to build an economy fornia Department of Social Services. And for the 21st century, a strong, vibrant econ- a quick hello to all you political types on omy that provides a good job for every the dais: Dave Kelly, Bill Leonard, Dan American who wants one. Hollingsworth, Ethel Silver. And I want to I wanted to come here and give a political be sure to mention the various service speech. But out of total respect for the serv- clubs, particularly the Rotary, who I under- ice clubs and recognizing the nonpolitical stand this is a routine breakfast meeting for nature of these service clubs, I’m going to Rotary here, but the other service clubs that hold back. joined in to make me feel so welcome. But let me just tell those of you who are This has been a big week for America, interested in politics, you wait 2 years from especially with Olympic games going on. I now—I mean 2 weeks from now—[laugh- admit to being a special fan of Pablo Mo- ter]—you wait, because I’ve been going rales. He’s a swimmer who missed out in through a little javelin catching for about ‘84. He didn’t make the team in 1988, and 10 months from the political opposition. then he came back this year to earn a gold And I cannot wait for our convention to medal at the ripe old age of 27. Now, I roll up my sleeves and go after them and don’t know why, but I kind of like a guy tell the American people what’s really going who proves that youth and inexperience are on. They’ve been dishing it out for about no match for maturity and determination. 10 months, helped by some on the editorial [Laughter] pages. Let’s see if they can take it, starting We gather today at a moment of great 2 weeks from now. That’s the way I feel change around the world; Pete touched on about it. this. The past 4 years have been a rough Now, back to my nonpolitical self here. time for Robert Ludlum and other fiction [Laughter] Today I want to spend a few writers. With all that’s been happening in minutes really talking about a big part of the world, is there any more room left for my strategy for America’s future. It’s some- imaginative scenarios? They said the Ger- thing you all are interested in, and it some- mans would never tear down the Berlin times transcends politics. I’m talking about Wall. I remember the ridicule that Presi- reforming our welfare system. We can’t

1209 July 31 / Administration of George Bush, 1992 afford the welfare system that we have wanted to keep your family together, wel- today. The taxpayers know it; the recipients fare said no. And when you saved to go know it; the economists know it. Welfare to college, if your family was on welfare, is a system that literally wastes millions of welfare said no. I want a system that re- tax dollars a year, and we can’t afford that. wards responsibility, and I want a system Welfare was designed to be temporary. that says yes. Temporary. But today, more than half of Now, in making these changes, I’ve put all recipients receive a check for at least my trust in the States more than Washing- 8 years, and we can’t afford that. Economic ton. That’s the philosophical underpinning competitors are able to call on the ingenuity of our approach to welfare. So a big part and industry of their entire society, and yet, of our effort is to give States the freedom welfare deprives our economy of millions to make the changes they want, new ideas, of citizens who never learned the simple new opportunities, new flexibility. values of hard work and responsibility. We I asked Gail Wilensky, my very able wel- can’t afford that system anymore. fare reform specialist who works with me Welfare punches a hole in the heart of in the White House, asked her this: What the American dream. So let’s fix the hole is the basic problem? She said that key old so we can fulfill the dream. This is not a thinkers in the United States Congress and new complaint, of course. We’ve known of old thinkers in the bureaucracy really be- welfare shortcomings for years, even dec- lieve—it’s a conviction with them—really ades. So today I invoke what you might call believe that welfare policy should be con- ‘‘the Willis Carrier principle.’’ Willis Carrier trolled and dictated from Washington, DC. is the guy who was responsible for your They are 100 percent wrong. We must put being here in Riverside this morning. Here’s the trust in the States and in the commu- why: For centuries men and women have nities and thus in the people. complained about hot, sticky weather, or in some cases, hot, dry weather, and never did Our initiatives come in many forms, and anything about it. Then in 1914 Willis Car- they take many shapes. From job training rier decided to do something about it, and programs right here in Riverside to our suc- he invented air conditioning. Here’s the real cessful effort to make sure that every eligi- interesting part: Carrier invented air condi- ble 4-year-old gets a head start before kin- tioning in Buffalo, New York—[laughter]— dergarten. That’s why we’ve increased fund- which is like someone inventing a tanning ing and requests for funding in Head Start bed out here in California. so much. But the Carrier principle is this: Talk Our first priority is remarkable in its sim- doesn’t matter; action counts. The good plicity: Welfare should be a force to keep news about our welfare system is that today, families together. And as I’ve traveled without a lot of hype or fanfare, real action across America the past 3 years to every is taking place. Today my administration is single State, I’ve come to agree more and releasing a paper that describes the more with a certain silver-haired philoso- changes, the progress, and yes, the oppor- pher named Barbara Bush, who I wish were tunity. All our reforms are based on the here today. She puts it this way: What hap- simple belief that the principles that guide pens in your house is far more important change are the principles that should never than what happens in the White House. The change. family is the foundation of our Nation. But One of those principles is an old idea it’s crumbling in places, and we must called trust. I put my trust in people. I put strengthen the family. That means changing my trust in people, not in the Federal Gov- the way welfare works. ernment. I believe that with the right incen- Welfare was originally designed to help tives, people can be trusted to do the right widows and is still oriented toward single thing. parents. So if two parents stay together and The old welfare system failed because one works even part-time, they can lose when a recipient wanted to get a job and their check. Fathers faced an awful Hob- earn money, welfare said no. And when you son’s choice: the kids or the weekly pay-

1210 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / July 31 ment. And far too many chose the payment. to find a way to do something about that. We’ve given States like Wisconsin the We’re allowing States to decide if it’s time freedom to experiment with allowing moms to say, ‘‘No more money if you have another or dads to work without losing payments. child.’’ Let some try that. I know this is I believe it’s time we encourage families to a tough call, a tough decision, but so is a stick together and fathers to stick around. system in which poverty is handed down But when dads do take off, we don’t forget. from generation to generation. And last year, we collected a record $6 bil- These ideas are happening in Wisconsin, lion in payments from these deadbeat fa- in New Jersey, in Oregon, in Maryland, and thers. If you’re a dad and you’re not around, yes, right here in California. Pete Wilson my message is simple: There is nowhere for is fighting hard against an entrenched bu- you to hide. You must do what’s right by reaucracy there in Sacramento to end the your family, by those children. practice of welfare shopping, to reward Keeping families together is a start, just work, not welfare, to keep families together, a start. But we have to go even farther. to encourage learning, and to encourage re- We have to reward hard work, and we have sponsibility. to reward saving. You can’t build a home So today I say to the people of California: without a hammer, and you can’t build a Help your Governor make welfare work in dream without a job. Work isn’t just good California. It will encourage work. It will for our wallets. Work lifts us up. It elevates strengthen the family. And it will help save us. It teaches us values. It gives us a pur- the most endangered species in California, pose. the taxpayer. But too often welfare has treated work Americans today lack faith in welfare. Re- as an afterthought or literally discouraged cipients lack faith in welfare. But that’s not work altogether. So we’ve made a major welfare’s greatest failing. Far greater is that commitment to job training, and we’re welfare makes Americans lack faith in them- pushing an idea that will allow recipients selves. to pay for training and education and not The single mother riding the early bus have it cut from their benefits check. Train- in east L.A., the fearful teenager hiding ing can’t be an option, a thing I’ll get from the gang in Chicago, the 6-year-old around to later. We’ve given States like Or- throwing rocks against the wall in Bed-Stuy egon the authority to cut welfare checks if back in New York, they all want what we recipients don’t learn a skill and get a job. want: a chance, hope, and opportunity. Giv- And the point is this: 8 years is too long ing them that chance is not just right for for someone to go without a skill or a pur- them; it is what is right for all of us. It pose, for people who take welfare with no is what is right for America. So let’s work regard for self-improvement. We need to hard now to make these changes that will say, ‘‘Get a job, or get off the dole.’’ Some give dignity to those who have been recipients shop from State to State looking stripped of their dignity. for the highest payments. We shouldn’t en- Thank you very, very much for listening. courage that practice; our system should not Thanks for the welcome. And may God encourage that practice. States should be bless the United States of America. able to say, ‘‘You come here, you get a fair deal, not a free bonus.’’ Note: The President spoke at 8:15 a.m. at Our third priority, perhaps the most im- the Riverside Convention Center. In his re- portant, is to promote personal responsibil- marks, he referred to James R. Milam, presi- ity. I hope you know how much I value dent, Riverside Rotary Club; William H. children. One way to provide real relief Bonnett III, lieutenant governor, Riverside from the craziness of Washington is sit Kiwanis; Robert Wolf, chairman, Riverside down with a grandchild and read a book. County Lincoln Club; Kenneth S. Calvert, But too many Americans, many on welfare, Republican candidate for Congress in the are having children they can’t afford, can’t 43d district of California; Paul Rout, assist- support, just aren’t ready for, and we have ant director, social services division of Riv- to do something about it. The system has erside County; State legislators David Kelly

1211 July 31 / Administration of George Bush, 1992 and Bill Leonard; Dan Hollingsworth, chair, Ethel Silver, chair, Victory ’92 in Riverside Riverside County Republican Party; and County.

White House Fact Sheet: The President’s Welfare Reform Strategy July 31, 1992

In his State of the Union Address, Presi- participants in their community. dent Bush said his administration would At the same time, we have begun to open help States that wanted to reform their wel- the doors of opportunity to one of the larger fare systems by granting a quick review of groups that has been relegated to welfare their welfare waiver requests. The President dependency, individuals with disabilities. today called for additional welfare reform The Americans with Disabilities Act, which demonstrations and legislative changes that took effect recently, gives these individuals would create more flexibility for States and the opportunity to gain control over their localities. The President’s plan is detailed own lives and compete for jobs on a level in an administration paper on welfare re- playing field. form released today. Federal programs that serve welfare re- The Problem: Welfare Dependency cipients must instill responsibility and serve as a ladder of opportunity. Currently there are more than 13 million recipients of Aid to Families with Depend- Accomplishments ent Children (AFDC) benefits, more than The paper released today reviews the ad- 25.5 million food stamps recipients, and ministration’s accomplishments, which in- more than 30 million people on Medicaid. clude: The problem addressed by the adminis- Expanding the Earned Income Tax Credit tration’s proposals and paper released today (EITC), which will provide an additional is not welfare receipt but welfare depend- $18 billion in assistance to low-income ency. Half of all new public assistance re- working families over the next 5 years. cipients will be off the rolls in less than 2 years. But too many others will be trapped Implementing the Job Opportunities and in the system. At any point in time, about Basic Skills Training (JOBS) program. Over two-thirds of those on welfare will be on $1 billion is available this year for job for 8 or more years. search, training, and education services, Important determinants of dependency child care, and more than 500,000 welfare are: teen motherhood; dropping out of recipients are participating each month. school; no prior work experience. Increasing child support enforcement re- The consequences of dependency can be sulting in over $6 billion collected in fiscal severe: long-term poverty; entrapment in year (FY) 1992. crime ridden neighborhoods; and higher Expanding the Head Start program to chances that one’s children will themselves $2.8 billion in FY 1993 for all eligible 4- become dependent on welfare. year-old children whose parents want them These and other facts about welfare re- to participate, an increase of 127 percent ceipt and dependency are reviewed in a since the President took office. data appendix to the paper released today. Pending Proposals The President’s Principles The President’s welfare reform proposals The President’s fundamental goal for wel- that have been pending before the Congress fare reform is to create incentives that will include: enable welfare recipients to leave the sys- The Community Opportunity Act, pro- tem at the earliest possible time, as eco- posed in May 1991. This proposal would nomically self-sufficient and responsible create broad authority to permit testing of

1212 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / July 31 innovative programs. It would allow propos- term recipients. als to come forward from State and local Legislative changes governments as well as grass roots groups. Increasing the AFDC assets limit. States The President called for legislative would be allowed to raise the amount of changes to expand waiver authority, provide assets a family could accumulate and still greater program flexibility, and strengthen stay on welfare from $1,000 to $10,000. programs. Presently, individuals saving for college or 1. Expanded waiver authority: Waiver au- to start a business may get thrown off wel- thority comparable to the broad authority fare. The family’s choice: spend any savings that today applies to AFDC will be pro- or lose your welfare benefits. posed for food stamps and Federal housing Escrow Savings Accounts. A demonstra- programs. For example, current law does tion would test whether long-term AFDC not allow for coordinated incentives and recipients would be more likely to work rules across cash, food, and housing assist- their way off welfare if, when they did, they ance programs. received a bonus payment based on fore- Waiver authority will also be proposed to gone AFDC benefits. allow the Davis-Bacon Act to be waived to Plan for Achieving Self-Support (PASS). allow the homeless and public housing resi- States would have the option of excluding dents to work in housing improvement income used by an AFDC family head to projects. Those homeless and public hous- become self-employed when assessing whether a recipient qualifies for AFDC ing residents who are gaining skills while benefits. working may not have the productivity needed to earn the wages required under The President’s Proposal Davis-Bacon. The President’s proposal affirms his com- 2. Greater program flexibility: The admin- mitment to State innovation. Welfare waiver istration will propose a targeted version of requests are being processed rapidly, and the Community Opportunity Act (COA) promising areas of innovation are identified. proposal it offered last year. The COA Review of welfare waiver requests would allow States and communities to undertake broad reform programs that cut The President promised a quick review across multiple program lines. The new proof welfare waiver applications in his State posal, the Community Opportunity Pilot of the Union Address. Requests from Wis- Project Act (COPPA), would make the au- consin, Oregon, Maryland, California, and thority initially available for projects in five New Jersey have been approved; requests sites. For example, the Atlanta Project, a from Utah and Michigan are under review. community effort to address the problem The ideas included in those waivers in- of Atlanta’s most troubled neighborhoods clude incentives for work and family forma- that former President Carter has discussed tion, for immunization and obtaining pre- with President Bush, could redesign the op- ventive health services, and for responsible eration of Federal programs in Atlanta childbearing and school attendance. under COPPA. Areas in need of innovation Legislation will be proposed to allow The administration today identified three greater flexibility to State and local officials. areas where further innovation is important. The greatest additional flexibility will affect Those areas are: (1) Providing comprehen- work requirements for welfare recipients. sive services for teen parents; (2) Promoting The legislative changes will: parental responsibility; and (3) Encouraging Allow inclusion of food stamps and the self-sufficiency. value of having Medicaid in determining the Interventions for unmarried teen parents amount a welfare recipient must ‘‘work off’’ were identified as the highest priority. as part of a workfare program; These individuals are the most likely to be- Remove limitations on positions to which come welfare recipients, especially long- welfare recipients can be assigned to fulfill

1213 July 31 / Administration of George Bush, 1992 a workfare obligation; AFDC recipients cooperate in establishing Remove prohibitions on extended job who is the father of their children would search and requirements for intake assess- be expanded to include all relevant informa- ment in JOBS, enabling State and local offi- tion and cooperation with followup efforts. cials to give job search higher priority; and Separate and often unnecessarily stricter Allow States to move from a ‘‘cash up Federal requirements for evicting convicted front’’ to a ‘‘pay for performance’’ approach felons from public housing would be re- for welfare payments, with payment made pealed. This proposal would defer to local after the performance of assigned program law instead of providing a separate Federal activities such as schooling or job search. requirement for eviction. 3. Stronger values: The requirement that

Appointment of Constance Horner as a Member of the Council of the Administrative Conference of the United States July 31, 1992

The President today announced his inten- Associate Director of ACTION, VISTA’s tion to appoint Constance Horner, Assistant parent agency; and Deputy Assistant Direc- to the President and Director of Presi- tor of ACTION for policy and planning. She dential Personnel, of the District of Colum- has also served on the President’s Commis- bia, as a member of the Council of the Ad- sion on White House Fellowships and the ministrative Conference of the United President’s Commission on Executive Ex- States for a term of 3 years. She would suc- change. ceed James W. Cicconi. Mrs. Horner graduated from the Univer- Since 1991, Mrs. Horner has served as sity of Pennsylvania (B.A., 1964) and the Assistant to the President and Director of University of Chicago (M.A., 1967). She is Presidential Personnel. Prior to this, Mrs. also a fellow of the National Academy of Horner served as Deputy Secretary of the Public Administration. Mrs. Horner was Department of Health and Human Services, born February 24, 1942, in New Jersey. She 1989–91; Director of the Office of Person- nel Management, 1985–90; Associate Direc- is married, has two children, and resides tor of the Office of Management and Budg- in Washington, DC. et, 1983–85; Director of VISTA and Acting

1214 Appendix A—Digest of Other White House Announcements

The following list includes the President’s public Mrs. Bush attended a reception with the Coral schedule and other items of general interest an- Sea Commemorative Council and later greeted nounced by the Office of the Press Secretary and the American consulate community. not included elsewhere in this book. In the afternoon, the President and Mrs. Bush traveled to Singapore. January 1 In the evening, following their arrival, they In the morning, the President and Mrs. Bush went to the Shangri-La Hotel, their residence greeted the American consulate community at during their stay in Singapore. the Ritz-Carlton Hotel, their residence during their stay in Sydney, Australia, which began on January 4 December 31, 1991. President Bush then went In the morning, after an arrival ceremony at to Kirribilli House where he met with Prime Istana Palace, the President and Mrs. Bush paid Minister Paul Keating. a courtesy call on President and Mrs. Wee Kim In the afternoon, the President and Mrs. Bush Wee. The President later met at the palace with traveled to Canberra, Australia. Following an ar- Prime Minister Goh Chok Tong and with the rival ceremony at RAAF Base Fairbairn, they Presidential business delegation. greeted the U.S. Embassy community at the resi- In the afternoon, the President went to the dence of U.S. Ambassador to Australia Melvin Westin Stamford Hotel where he attended a Sembler, which was their residence during their meeting of the Association of South East Asian stay in Canberra. Nations (ASEAN) Business Council. He later at- In the evening, the President and Mrs. Bush tended a luncheon hosted by Prime Minister attended a reception and dinner hosted by the Goh at the Compass Rose Restaurant. The Presi- Governor-General and Mrs. Bill Hayden at Gov- ernment House. dent and Mrs. Bush then greeted the American Embassy community at the Singapore American January 2 School. Later, the President met with Senior In the morning, the President met at Par- Minister Lee Kuan Yew at the Raffles Hotel. liament House with: In the evening, the President and Mrs. Bush —Prime Minister Paul J. Keating; attended a dinner hosted by President Wee at —the Australian Cabinet; the Westin Plaza Hotel. —John Hewson, Leader of the Opposition; The President announced his intention to —representatives of rural organizations; nominate Albert V. Casey, of Texas, to be chief —the Presidential business delegation. executive officer of the Resolution Trust Cor- In the afternoon, the President attended a poration, a new position. From 1988 to 1991, working luncheon hosted by Prime Minister Mr. Casey served as chairman and chief execu- Keating at Parliament House. Later in the after- tive officer of First Republic Bank Corp. in Dal- noon, the President and Mrs. Bush visited with las, TX. Australian schoolchildren in Mural Hall at Par- January 5 liament House. That evening, the President and Mrs. Bush re- In the morning, the President hosted a coffee ceived a courtesy call by former Prime Minister in his suite for the ASEAN Ambassadors. and Mrs. Robert Hawke at the U.S. Ambas- The President and Mrs. Bush then traveled sador’s residence. to Seoul, South Korea. Following their arrival, they went to the National Cemetery for a January 3 wreath-laying ceremony. After the ceremony, In the morning, the President and Mrs. Bush they went to Ambassador Donald P. Gregg’s resi- participated in a wreath-laying ceremony at the dence, where they stayed during their visit to Australian War Memorial. Following the cere- Seoul. mony, they traveled to Melbourne, Australia. In the evening, the President and Mrs. Bush Upon their arrival in Melbourne, they went dined with President and Mrs. Roh Tae Woo to the World Congress Centre, where the Presi- and their respective national security advisers dent met with U.S. and Australian business lead- and ambassadors at the Blue House, President ers. Following the meeting, the President and Roh’s residence.

1215 Appendix A / Administration of George Bush, 1992

January 6 Jeanine E. Wolbeck, of Minnesota. In the morning, the President and Mrs. Bush Howard H. Dana, Jr., of Maine. participated in the official arrival ceremony at Penny L. Pullen, of Illinois. the Blue House. The President then met with Thomas D. Rath, of New Hampshire. President Roh. Basile J. Uddo, of Louisiana. In the afternoon, the President greeted the George W. Wittgraf, of Iowa. leadership of the Korean National Assembly. The White House announced that the Presi- Later, the President and Mrs. Bush greeted the dent will meet with Prime Minister Carl Bildt American Embassy community at Collier Field of Sweden at the White House on February 20. House. January 12 January 7 In the afternoon, the President and Mrs. Bush Following a morning departure ceremony, the returned to the White House from Camp David, President and Mrs. Bush traveled to Kyoto, MD. Japan, where they toured the Imperial Palace. In the afternoon, the President and Mrs. Bush January 13 had lunch at the Tsuruya Restaurant with former In the morning, the President traveled to Kan- Prime Minister and Mrs. Toshiki Kaifu. Later, sas City, MO, where he attended a reception they traveled to Kashihara and then to Tokyo. hosted by the board of directors of the American Following their evening arrival in Tokyo, the Farm Bureau Federation and met with the Fed- President and Mrs. Bush went to the Akasaka eral Executive Board of Kansas City. Palace, their residence during their visit to In the afternoon, the President returned to Tokyo. Washington, DC. January 8 January 14 In the morning, the President gave an inter- The President met at the White House with view to the NBC ‘‘Today’’ show and to Detroit the Vice President; Samuel K. Skinner, Chief of television stations. Later, the President and Mrs. Staff to the President; Brent Scowcroft, Assistant Bush attended an arrival ceremony with Em- to the President for National Security Affairs; peror Akihito and Empress Michiko at the and members of the CIA briefing staff. Akasaka Palace and then accompanied them to The President attended a White House meet- the Imperial Palace for a courtesy call. After re- ing of the leadership of the Health Care Equity turning to the Akasaka Palace, the President met Action League and then went to the J.W. Mar- with Prime Minister Kiichi Miyazawa. riott Hotel for the first meeting of the Bush- In the afternoon, the President met and had Quayle ’92 National Finance Committee. a working luncheon with Prime Minister After returning to the White House, the Presi- Miyazawa in the Akasaka Palace Annex. Later, dent met with: the President gave an interview to the CBS ‘‘This —Samuel K. Skinner; Morning’’ show. —the Vice President, for lunch; —Secretary of State James A. Baker III; January 9 —Secretary of Defense Dick Cheney. In the afternoon, the President met with Prime The President announced his intention to ap- Minister Miyazawa at the Akasaka Palace. point James A. McClure, of Idaho, to be a mem- January 10 ber of the Board of Trustees of the John F. In the morning, the President and Mrs. Bush Kennedy Center for the Performing Arts for a paid a farewell call on the Emperor and Empress term expiring September 1, 2000. He would suc- at the Akasaka Palace. Later in the morning, the ceed Joan Mondale. Currently Senator McClure President and Mrs. Bush returned to Washing- serves as a partner with the law firm of Givens, ton, DC. Pursley, Webb & Huntley in Boise, ID. In the afternoon, the President and Mrs. Bush The President announced his intention to ap- went to Camp David, MD. point the following individuals to be members The President announced recess appointments of the International Cultural and Trade Center of the following individuals to be members of Commission: the Board of Directors of the Legal Services Jonathan W. Sloat, of the District of Columbia, for Corporation: a term expiring August 20, 1997. He would succeed Michael R. Gardner. Currently Mr. Sloat serves as J. Blakeley Hall, of Texas. a legislative and financial consultant in Washington, William Lee Kirk, Jr., of Florida. DC. Jo Betts Love, of Mississippi. Fritz Alan Korth, of Texas, for a term expiring August Guy Vincent Molinari, of New York. 20, 1997. He would succeed Donald A. Brown. Cur-

1216 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / Appendix A

rently Mr. Korth serves as a partner with the law Mr. Krumm serves as director of US Healthstar in firm of Korth & Korth in Washington, DC. Columbus, OH. January 15 The President announced his intention to ap- In the morning, the President traveled to New point Frederick F. Jenny, of Pennsylvania, to be Hampshire. a member of the President’s National Security In the evening, the President returned to Telecommunications Advisory Committee. He Washington, DC. would succeed Paul G. Stern. Currently Mr. The President announced the recess appoint- Jenny serves as senior vice president of Unisys ment of Albert V. Casey, of Texas, to be Chief and president of the defense systems unit in Executive Officer, Resolution Trust Corporation. McLean, VA. This is a new position. The President announced his intention to The President announced recess appointments nominate Salvador Lew, of Florida, to be a mem- of the following individuals to be directors of ber of the Advisory Board for Cuba Broadcasting the Federal Housing Finance Board: for a term of 2 years. This is a new position. Daniel F. Evans, Jr., of Indiana. He will be designated From 1973 to 1988, Mr. Lew served as president Chairperson. and general manager of WRHC radio station in Marilyn R. Seymann, of Arizona. Miami, FL. Lawrence U. Costiglio, of New York. The President announced his intention to ap- William C. Perkins, of Wisconsin. point Russell E. Train, of the District of Colum- bia, to be a member of the Advisory Committee January 16 for Trade Policy and Negotiations for a term of The President met at the White House with: 2 years. He would succeed Lawrence R. Pugh. —the Vice President; Samuel K. Skinner, Chief Currently Mr. Train serves as the chairman of of Staff to the President; Brent Scowcroft, As- the World Wildlife Fund in Washington, DC. sistant to the President for National Security Affairs; and members of the CIA briefing January 17 staff; In the morning, the President traveled to At- —Samuel K. Skinner; lanta, GA. Upon arrival, he toured the exhibition —a delegation of mayors and other locally hall at the Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr. Center, elected officials. accompanied by Coretta Scott King. Later, the The President had lunch with the Joint Chiefs President and Mrs. King went to the courtyard of Staff. He then gave an interview to New Eng- for a wreath-laying ceremony at the tomb of Dr. land television stations. King. Later in the afternoon, the President met with: In the afternoon, the President returned to —Samuel K. Skinner; Andrews Air Force Base, MD, where he was —Secretary of Defense Dick Cheney. joined by Mrs. Bush. They then went to Camp The President announced his intention to ap- David, MD, for the weekend. point the following individuals to be members The President announced his intention to ap- of the Advisory Commission on Intergovern- point Raymond P. Shafer, of Pennsylvania, to be mental Relations: a member of the National Advisory Council on the Public Service. Upon appointment, he will Debra Rae Anderson, of South Dakota, for a term of be designated Chairman. This is a new position. 2 years. This is a reappointment. Currently Ms. An- derson serves as a Deputy Assistant to the President From 1967 to 1971, Governor Shafer served as and Director of the Office of Intergovernmental Af- the Governor of the State of Pennsylvania. fairs at the White House. Mary Ellen Joyce, of Virginia, for a term of 2 years. January 20 This is a reappointment. Currently Ms. Joyce serves In the afternoon, the President and Mrs. Bush as a senior regulatory analyst for the American Petro- returned to the White House from a weekend leum Institute in Washington, DC. stay at Camp David, MD. The President announced his intention to nominate the following individuals to be mem- January 21 bers of the Peace Corps National Advisory Coun- The President met at the White House with cil: the Vice President; Samuel K. Skinner, Chief of Staff to the President; Brent Scowcroft, Assistant Eugene C. Johnson, of Maryland, for a term expiring to the President for National Security Affairs; October 6, 1992. He would succeed Gary Dale Rob- inson. Currently Mr. Johnson serves as president of and members of the CIA briefing staff. Business Mail Express in Falls Church, VA. Following the meetings, the President traveled Tahlman Krumm, Jr., of Ohio, for a term expiring Oc- to Catonsville, MD. Later in the morning, he tober 6, 1993. This is a reappointment. Currently returned to Washington, DC.

1217 Appendix A / Administration of George Bush, 1992

In the afternoon, the President met with Sam- January 24 uel K. Skinner. The President met at the White House with: The President declared a major disaster existed —the Vice President; Samuel K. Skinner, Chief in the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico and or- of Staff to the President; Brent Scowcroft, As- dered Federal aid to supplement Commonwealth sistant to the President for National Security and local recovery efforts in the area struck by Affairs; and members of the CIA briefing severe storms and flooding on January 5–6. staff; —Samuel K. Skinner; January 22 —Secretary of State James A. Baker III; The President met at the White House with: —Desmond Howard, winner of the 1991 —the Vice President; Samuel K. Skinner, Chief Heisman trophy; of Staff to the President; Brent Scowcroft, As- —NASA astronauts. sistant to the President for National Security Affairs; and members of the CIA briefing The President announced his intention to staff; nominate the following individuals to be mem- —heads of regulatory agencies; bers of the Board of Regents of the Uniformed —Samuel K. Skinner. Services University of the Health Sciences: John E. Connolly, of California, for a term expiring The President announced his intention to des- June 20, 1997. He would succeed Sam A. Nixon. ignate Rita DiMartino, of New York, as a mem- Currently Dr. Connolly serves as an attending sur- ber of the Board of Governors of the United geon and professor in the department of surgery at Service Organizations, Inc., for a term of 3 years. the University of California in Irvine, CA. She would succeed Lucille G. Murchison. Cur- William D. Skelton, of Georgia, for a term expiring rently Ms. DiMartino serves as director of Fed- June 20, 1997. He would succeed Mario Efrain Ra- eral Government affairs for AT&T in Washing- mirez. Currently Dr. Skelton serves as a professor ton, DC. and dean of psychiatry with Mercer University The President announced his intention to ap- School of Medicine in Macon, GA. point Carol Iannone, of New York, to be a mem- The following individual will be designated ber of the Board of Trustees of the Woodrow chairman: Wilson International Center for Scholars for a Everett Alvarez, Jr., of Maryland. Mr. Alvarez has been term expiring October 23, 1996. She would suc- serving as a member of the Board since 1988. Cur- ceed Theodore C. Barreaux. Currently Dr. rently Mr. Alvarez serves as president of CONWAL, Iannone serves as a professor with the Gallatin Inc., in Falls Church, VA. Division of New York University in New York, NY. January 27 The President met at the White House with: January 23 —the Vice President; Samuel K. Skinner, Chief The President met at the White House with: of Staff to the President; Brent Scowcroft, As- —the Vice President; Samuel K. Skinner, Chief sistant to the President for National Security of Staff to the President; Brent Scowcroft, As- Affairs; and members of the CIA briefing sistant to the President for National Security staff; Affairs; and members of the CIA briefing —Samuel K. Skinner; staff; —Republican congressional leaders; —Samuel K. Skinner. —Secretary of the Treasury Nicholas F. Brady. The President announced his intention to The President selected the following individ- nominate the following individuals to be mem- uals to represent the United States at the 48th bers of the Board of Directors of the State Jus- session of the United Nations Human Rights tice Institute: Commission in Geneva, Switzerland, January 27– March 6: Carlos R. Garza, of Texas, for a term expiring Septem- ber 17, 1994. He would succeed Daniel John Head of Delegation: Meador. Currently Mr. Garza serves as a consultant John Kenneth Blackwell. Since 1991, Ambassador in Vienna, VA. Blackwell has served as Chief Delegate of the United Vivi L. Dilweg, of Wisconsin, for a term expiring Sep- States to the United Nations Human Rights Commis- tember 17, 1994. This is a reappointment. Since sion. In addition, he serves as a senior fellow at the 1982, Judge Dilweg has served as a Brown County Urban Morgan Institute for Human Rights at the circuit judge in Green Bay, WI. University of Cincinnati, having served as Mayor of David Brock, of New Hampshire, for a term expiring Cincinnati. September 17, 1994. He would succeed Clement Clay Torbert, Jr. Currently Justice Brock serves as Alternate Heads of Delegation: chief justice of the Supreme Court of New Hamp- Otto J. Reich. Currently Ambassador Reich serves as a shire in Concord, NH. partner and director with the Brock Group in Wash-

1218 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / Appendix A

ington, DC, having served as U.S. Ambassador to Warren L. Miller, of the District of Columbia, for a Venezuela. term expiring February 27, 1992, succeeding A. Mor- Ambassador Morris Abram. Currently Ambassador gan Mason; and an additional term expiring February Abram serves as the U.S. Representative to the Euro- 27, 1995, as a reappointment. Currently Mr. Miller pean office of the United Nations in Geneva, Swit- serves as Of Counsel with the law firm of Reed, zerland. He has served as a former chairman of the Smith, Shaw & McClay in Washington, DC. National Conference on Soviet Jewry and Vice Chair- Gary J. Lavine, of New York, for a term expiring Feb- man of the U.S. Commission on Civil Rights. ruary 27, 1992, succeeding Dalia Debennis Bobelis; Public Delegates: and an additional term expiring February 27, 1995, as a reappointment. Currently Mr. Lavine serves as John F. Burgess. Currently Mr. Burgess serves as asso- senior vice president and general counsel for the Ni- ciate vice president for alumni relations of George- agara Power Corp. in Syracuse, NY. town University in Washington, DC. Michael L. Davis. Currently Mr. Davis serves as presi- Levi Goldberger, of New York, for a term expiring dent of Metropolitan Immigration Centers of Amer- July 13, 1992, and an additional term expiring July ica, Inc., in Los Angeles, CA. 13, 1995. These are reappointments. Since 1966, Mr. Goldberger has served as a field underwriter for Mu- Clyde Collins Snow. Currently Dr. Snow serves as a tual of New York. consultant in forensic anthropology and as a member of the graduate faculty and an adjunct professor of Edgar Gluck, of New York, for a term expiring June anthropology at the University of Oklahoma. He also 24, 1992, and an additional term expiring June 24, serves as an adjunct professor of forensic sciences 1995. These are reappointments. Currently Mr. at Central State University in Edmond, OK. Gluck serves as a special assistant to the superintendent for community affairs for the New York State January 28 Police in New York, NY. The President met at the White House with: Abraham Friedlander, of New York, for a term expiring —the Vice President; Samuel K. Skinner, Chief June 24, 1992, and an additional term expiring June of Staff to the President; Brent Scowcroft, As- 24, 1995. These are reappointments. Currently Rabbi sistant to the President for National Security Friedlander serves as rabbi of the Congregation Ateres Tzvi in Brooklyn, NY. Affairs; and members of the CIA briefing staff; Chaskel Besser, of New York, for a term expiring Au- gust 9, 1992, and an additional term expiring August —Samuel K. Skinner; 9, 1995. These are reappointments. Currently Rabbi —Republican Members of Congress; Besser serves as rabbi of the Congregation B’nai —Cabinet members. Israel in New York, NY. In the evening, the President and Mrs. Bush went to the Capitol, where the President at- January 30 tended a reception hosted by the congressional In the morning, the President and Mrs. Bush leadership in the Speaker’s Conference Room traveled to Philadelphia, PA, and in the after- prior to his address to a joint session of the Con- noon they traveled to New York City. There the gress. President met at the Waldorf Astoria Hotel with: The White House announced that President —President Rodrigo Borja of Ecuador; Bush will travel to Orlando, FL, on February —Prime Minister Carlos Veiga of Cape Verde; 4 to address the annual convention of the Na- —Chancellor Franz Vranitzky of Austria; tional Grocers Association at the Orange County —Prime Minister Wilfried Martens of Belgium; Convention Center. —King Hassan II of Morocco. January 29 In the evening, the President had a working In the morning, the President met at the dinner with Prime Minister John Major of the White House with: United Kingdom at the hotel. —the Vice President; Samuel K. Skinner, Chief The President transmitted to the Congress the of Staff to the President; Brent Scowcroft, As- fourth biennial report of the Interagency Arctic sistant to the President for National Security Research Policy Committee (February 1, 1990, Affairs; and members of the CIA briefing to January 31, 1992). staff; —Samuel K. Skinner. January 31 In the morning, the President met at the Wal- Later, he went to the Capitol, where he met dorf Astoria Hotel with: with congressional leaders. —President Carlos Andre´s Pe´rez of Venezuela; In the afternoon, the President met at the —Prime Minister P.V. Narasimha Rao of India; White House with Samuel K. Skinner. —President Franc¸ois Mitterrand of France. The President announced his intention to appoint the following individuals to be members In the afternoon, the President attended a of the Commission for the Preservation of Amer- luncheon at the United Nations and a session ica’s Heritage Abroad: of the Security Council.

1219 Appendix A / Administration of George Bush, 1992

In the evening, the President met with Pre- February 4 mier Li Peng of China at the United Nations. In the morning, the President traveled to Or- Following the meeting, the President and Mrs. lando, FL. Following his arrival, he went to the Bush returned to Washington, DC, where they Orange County Convention/Civic Center where attended the Republican National Committee he had roundtable discussions with Florida busi- winter meeting at the Capital Hilton Hotel. ness leaders and then toured the exhibit area. The President appointed the following individ- In the afternoon, the President returned to uals to be members of the Advisory Committee Washington, DC, and later met with Samuel K. on the Arts, John F. Kennedy Center for the Skinner, Chief of Staff to the President. Performing Arts: Michael R. Farley, of Arizona. He would succeed Leota February 5 Hays. Currently Mr. Farley serves as president of The President met at the White House with: Farley & Associates in Tucson, AZ. —the Vice President; Samuel K. Skinner, Chief Joan S. Bradley, of Nevada. She would succeed Lillian of Staff to the President; Brent Scowcroft, As- Nicolosi Nall. Since 1979, Ms. Bradley has served sistant to the President for National Security as a member of the board of trustees for KNPB– Affairs; and members of the CIA briefing TV in Nevada. staff; February 1 —Samuel K. Skinner; In the morning, the President had a meeting —Republican congressional leaders; followed by a working luncheon with President —Secretary of State James A. Baker III, for Boris Yeltsin of Russia at Camp David, MD. lunch. In the afternoon, the President met with the February 2 President’s Commission on Environmental Qual- In the afternoon, the President and Mrs. Bush ity in the Roosevelt Room. Following the meet- returned to the White House from a weekend ing, he signed the Economic Report of the Presi- stay at Camp David, MD. dent in the Oval Office. In the evening, the President and Mrs. Bush The President announced his intention to ap- hosted a dinner for the National Governors’ As- point John J. McKetta, Jr., of Texas, to be a sociation on the State Floor. member of the Nuclear Waste Technical Review Board for a term expiring April 19, 1992, as a February 3 new position, and an additional term expiring The President met at the White House with: April 19, 1996, as a reappointment. Currently —the Vice President; Samuel K. Skinner, Chief Dr. McKetta serves as a professor in the depart- of Staff to the President; Brent Scowcroft, As- ment of chemical engineering at the University sistant to the President for National Security of Texas at Austin. Affairs; and members of the CIA briefing The President announced his intention to ap- staff; point Anna Sparks, of California, to be the Fed- —Samuel K. Skinner; eral Representative on the Klamath River Com- —the Vice President, for lunch. pact Commission. She would succeed Nell In the afternoon, the President and Mrs. Bush Kuonen. She will also serve as chairman. Cur- hosted an inaugural anniversary gala reception rently Ms. Sparks serves as the 5th district super- on the State Floor. visor for Humboldt County, CA. In the evening, the President and Mrs. Bush The President declared a major disaster existed attended the inaugural anniversary gala at the in the State of Delaware and ordered Federal Kennedy Center. aid to supplement State and local recovery ef- The President selected the following individ- forts in the area struck by a severe coastal storm uals to represent him at the opening ceremonies and flooding on January 4–5. of the winter Olympic games in Albertville, February 6 France, February 8: The President met at the White House with Head of Delegation: the Vice President; Samuel K. Skinner, Chief of Dorothy LeBlond Staff to the President; Brent Scowcroft, Assistant to the President for National Security Affairs; Delegates: and members of the CIA briefing staff. Nancy Ellis Following a morning meeting with Samuel K. Osborne Day Skinner, the President traveled to Cleveland, Melanie Griffith OH, where he toured University Hospitals of Don Johnson Cleveland.

1220 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / Appendix A

In the afternoon, the President traveled to Las —Rajendra Saboo, president of Rotary Inter- Vegas, NV, where he toured Opportunity Village national; and the University Medical Center of Southern —Prime Minister Suleyman Demirel of Tur- Nevada. key, for lunch. In the evening, the President traveled to San In the afternoon, the President had a tele- Diego, CA. phone conversation with Governor Jim Edgar of February 7 Illinois to discuss the America 2000 education In the morning, the President toured Logan initiative. Heights Family Health Center in San Diego, CA. Later in the afternoon, the President and Mrs. Following his address to the Rotary Club, the Bush hosted a reception for the Bush-Quayle ’92 President returned to Andrews Air Force Base, campaign leadership on the State Floor. MD, and then went to Camp David, MD. The President announced his intention to ap- February 12 point the following individuals to be members The President met at the White House with: of the Commission on Broadcasting to the Peo- —the Vice President; Samuel K. Skinner, Chief ple’s Republic of China. These are new positions: of Staff to the President; Brent Scowcroft, As- sistant to the President for National Security Robert John Hughes, of Utah. Currently Mr. Hughes Affairs; and members of the CIA briefing is a syndicated columnist and director of the inter- staff; national media studies program at Brigham Young University in Provo, UT. —Cabinet members. Donald M. Anderson, of the District of Columbia. Cur- Later in the morning, the President and Mrs. rently Mr. Anderson serves as president of the Bush traveled to Concord, NH. United States-China Business Council in Washing- In the afternoon, the President toured the ton, DC. General Electric plant in Hooksett, NH, and The President declared a major disaster existed then visited Bedford Mall in Bedford, NH. in the Republic of the Marshall Islands and or- In the evening, the President and Mrs. Bush dered Federal aid to supplement State and local returned to Washington, DC. recovery efforts in the area struck by Tropical Storm Axel on January 6. February 13 The President declared a major disaster existed The President met at the White House with: in the Federated States of Micronesia and or- —the Vice President; Samuel K. Skinner, Chief dered Federal aid to supplement State and local of Staff to the President; Brent Scowcroft, As- recovery efforts in the area struck by Typhoon sistant to the President for National Security Axel on January 8–10. Affairs; and members of the CIA briefing staff; February 9 —Samuel K. Skinner; In the afternoon, the President and Mrs. Bush —the Vice President, for lunch. returned to the White House from a weekend stay at Camp David, MD. The President announced his intention to appoint the following individuals to be members February 10 of the Cultural Property Advisory Committee: The President met at the White House with: Allan S. Chait, of New York, for a term expiring April —the Vice President; Samuel K. Skinner, Chief 25, 1993. He would succeed Alfred E. Stendahl. Cur- of Staff to the President; Brent Scowcroft, As- rently Mr. Chait serves as president of the Ralph sistant to the President for National Security M. Chait Galleries, Inc., in New York, NY. Affairs; and members of the CIA briefing Edward R. Hudson, Jr., of Texas, for a term expiring staff; April 25, 1994. He would succeed James William —Samuel K. Skinner; Alsdorf. Mr. Hudson is an independent oil producer —Secretary of the Treasury Nicholas F. Brady; in Fort Worth, TX. —President Rene Felber of Switzerland. William E. Martin, of California, for a term expiring April 25, 1993. He would succeed Michael Kelly. February 11 Currently Mr. Martin is a detective for the Los Ange- The President met at the White House with: les Police Department in Los Angeles, CA. —the Vice President; Samuel K. Skinner, Chief The President appointed Salvador Bonilla- of Staff to the President; Brent Scowcroft, As- Mathe, of Florida, to be a member of the Board sistant to the President for National Security of Directors of the Federal National Mortgage Affairs; and members of the CIA briefing Association for a term expiring on the date of the staff; annual meeting of the stockholders in 1992. He —Samuel K. Skinner; would succeed Al Cardenas. Since 1988, Mr. Bon-

1221 Appendix A / Administration of George Bush, 1992 illa-Mathe has served as president and chief exec- February 17 utive officer of the Gulf Bank in Miami, FL. In the morning, the President gave interviews The President selected Representative William to New Hampshire radio stations. L. Dickinson, of Alabama, to represent him at In the evening, the President gave an interview the Asian Aerospace ’92 exhibition, a conference to New England television stations. and airshow to be held in Singapore, February 25–March 1. February 18 The President met at the White House with: February 14 —the Vice President; Samuel K. Skinner, Chief The President met at the White House with: of Staff to the President; Brent Scowcroft, As- sistant to the President for National Security —the Vice President; Samuel K. Skinner, Chief Affairs; and members of the CIA briefing of Staff to the President; Brent Scowcroft, As- staff; sistant to the President for National Security —Samuel K. Skinner; Affairs; and members of the CIA briefing —Republican congressional leaders; staff; —Attorney General William P. Barr, for lunch; —Samuel K. Skinner; —Secretary of Veterans Affairs Edward J. —Jean Chretien, leader of the Liberal Party of Derwinski. Canada; —Easter Seal poster child Mandi Rutherford February 19 and adult representative Daniel Giuliano. In the morning, the President traveled to Knoxville, TN. Later in the morning, the President signed the In the afternoon, the President returned to American Heart Month proclamation at a cere- Washington, DC, and met with: mony in the Oval Office. —Samuel K. Skinner, Chief of Staff to the The President announced his intention to President; nominate Kenneth C. Rogers, of New Jersey, to —Secretary of State James A. Baker III. be a member of the Nuclear Regulatory Com- mission for the term of 5 years expiring June February 20 30, 1997. This is a reappointment. Currently Dr. The President met at the White House with: Rogers serves as Commissioner of the Nuclear —the Vice President; Samuel K. Skinner, Chief Regulatory Commission in Rockville, MD. of Staff to the President; Brent Scowcroft, As- The President appointed Gloria E.A. Toote, sistant to the President for National Security of New York, to be a member of the Board of Affairs; and members of the CIA briefing Directors of the Federal National Mortgage As- staff; sociation for a term expiring on the date of the —Samuel K. Skinner; annual meeting of the stockholders in 1992. She —Prime Minister Carl Bildt of Sweden, for would succeed Henry C. Cashen II. Currently lunch; Dr. Toote serves as president of Trea Estates —Episcopal Church Foundation officers; in New York, NY. —Secretary of State James A. Baker III. In the afternoon, the President hosted the Na- February 15 tional Republican Senatorial Trust reception on In the morning, the President and Mrs. Bush the State Floor. traveled to Nashua, NH, where they visited The President announced his intention to des- Nashua Mall. ignate Robert John Hughes, of Utah, as Chair- In the afternoon, the President and Mrs. Bush person of the Commission on Broadcasting to traveled to Manchester, NH, where they met the People’s Republic of China. Currently Mr. with Bishop Leo O’Neil of the archdiocese of Hughes is a syndicated columnist for the Chris- Manchester and toured a fishing and outdoor tian Science Monitor in Provo, UT. He served show at the National Guard Armory. as Director of the U.S. Information Agency in In the evening, the President and Mrs. Bush 1981 and Director of the Voice of America in visited Temple Adath Yeshurun. 1982. The President announced his intention to ap- February 16 point the following individuals to be members In the morning, the President and Mrs. Bush of the Commission for the Preservation of Amer- attended services at First Congregational ica’s Heritage Abroad: Church. Following the service, they greeted Sun- Judy Baar Topinka, of Illinois, for a term expiring Feb- day school students and parents. ruary 27, 1995. This is a reappointment. Since 1984, In the afternoon, they returned to Washington, Senator Topinka has served in the Illinois State DC. Senate.

1222 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / Appendix A

Sigmund Strochlitz, of Connecticut, for a term expiring February 23 August 9, 1992, succeeding Lawrence J. Majewski, In the afternoon, the President and Mrs. Bush and an additional term expiring August 9, 1995, as returned to the White House from a weekend a reappointment. Currently Mr. Strochlitz serves as stay at Camp David, MD. president of Whaling City Ford in New London, CT. Morris A. Shmidman, of New York, for a term expiring February 24 June 24, 1992, and an additional term expiring June 24, 1995. These are reappointments. Currently Rabbi The President met at the White House with: Shmidman serves as executive director of the Council —the Vice President; Samuel K. Skinner, Chief of Jewish Organizations of Borough Park in Brooklyn, of Staff to the President; Brent Scowcroft, As- NY. sistant to the President for National Security Israel Rubin, of Maryland, for a term expiring August Affairs; and members of the CIA briefing 9, 1993. This is a reappointment. Since 1980, Mr. staff; Rubin has served as a financial consultant in Poto- —Samuel K. Skinner; mac, MD. —the Vice President, for lunch; Stan Rose, of Kansas, for a term expiring June 24, —Secretary of the Treasury Nicholas F. Brady. 1992, succeeding Norman H. Stahl, and an additional term expiring June 24, 1995, as a reappointment. February 25 Mr. Rose has served as chairman and publisher of In the morning, the President and Mrs. Bush Sun Publications, Inc., in Overland Park, KS. Leslie Keller, of New York, for a term expiring August traveled to San Francisco, CA, and in the after- 2, 1993. This is a reappointment. Currently Mr. Kel- noon, they traveled to Los Angeles, CA, where ler serves as president of the Emanuel Foundation they attended the U.S./Mexico Environmental for Hungarian Culture in Rego Park, NY. Border Plan Agreement meeting. Eugene Huppin, of Washington, for a term expiring The President announced his intention to ap- June 24, 1992, succeeding Arthur Berney, and an point James B. Furrh, Jr., of Mississippi, to be additional term expiring June 24, 1995, as a re- the Representative of the United States to the appointment. Currently Mr. Huppin is an attorney Southern States Energy Board. He would suc- with the law firm of Huppin, Ewing, Anderson & ceed Richard Offutt Doub. Currently Mr. Furrh Paul, P.S., in Spokane, WA. is an independent oil producer with James Joseph Halfon, of New York, for a term expiring Feb- ruary 27, 1995. He would succeed Mary Lou Furrh, Jr., Inc., Oil & Gas in Jackson, MS. O’Brien. Since 1976, Mr. Halfon has served as prin- The President announced his intention to ap- cipal of Joseph Halfon Realty in Spring Valley, NY. point Bernard Cardinal Law, of Massachusetts, to be a member and Chairman of the Commis- The President announced his intention to sion on Legal Immigration Reform for the term nominate William Bailey, of Connecticut, to be expiring January 20, 1993. This is a new position. a member of the National Council on the Arts, Since 1984, His Eminence Bernard Cardinal National Foundation on the Arts and the Hu- Law has served as the Archbishop of Boston. manities, for a term expiring September 3, 1996. The President announced his intention to ap- He would succeed Helen Frankenthaler. Cur- point Rear Adm. James E. Miller to be the De- rently Mr. Bailey is an art professor at the Yale partment of the Navy member of the Committee School of Art in New Haven, CT, and is also for Purchase from the Blind and Other Severely a painter. Handicapped. He would succeed Daniel W. February 21 McKinnon, Jr. Currently Rear Admiral Miller The President met at the White House with: serves as Commander of the Naval Supply Sys- —the Vice President; Samuel K. Skinner, Chief tems Command and Chief of Supply Corps. of Staff to the President; Brent Scowcroft, As- The President declared a major disaster existed sistant to the President for National Security in the State of California and ordered Federal Affairs; and members of the CIA briefing aid to supplement State and local recovery ef- staff; forts in the area struck by severe rainstorms, —Samuel K. Skinner; snowstorms, wind, flooding, and mudslides be- —Secretary of State James A. Baker III. ginning February 10–18. In the afternoon, the President traveled to February 26 Charleston, SC, and met with southern leaders In the morning, the President and Mrs. Bush for the Bush-Quayle campaign. He later returned traveled to San Antonio, TX, for the second re- to Andrews Air Force Base, MD, and then went gional drug summit. The President met at the to Camp David, MD, for the weekend. Marriott Rivercenter Hotel with: The White House announced that the Presi- —President Alberto Fujimori of Peru; dent will meet with Chancellor Kohl of Germany —President Ce´sar Gaviria of Colombia; at Camp David during the weekend of March —President Rodrigo Borja of Ecuador; 21–22. —President Jaime Paz Zamora of Bolivia.

1223 Appendix A / Administration of George Bush, 1992

The President announced his intention to ap- In the afternoon, they returned to Washington, point Asher J. Scharf, of New York, to be a mem- DC. ber of the Commission for the Preservation of America’s Heritage Abroad for a term expiring March 2 July 13, 1992, and an additional term expiring The President met at the White House with: July 13, 1995. This is a reappointment. Currently —the Vice President; Samuel K. Skinner, Chief Mr. Scharf is a builder and developer in Brook- of Staff to the President; Brent Scowcroft, As- lyn, NY. sistant to the President for National Security The President announced his intention to ap- Affairs; and members of the CIA briefing point Walter Gellhorn, of New York, to be a staff; member of the Council of the Administrative —Samuel K. Skinner. Conference of the United States for a term of Later in the morning, the President had an 3 years. This is a reappointment. Currently Mr. economic briefing in the Oval Office. Following Gellhorn is a professor emeritus at Columbia the briefing, he met with: University in New York, NY. —the Vice President, for lunch; The President announced his intention to appoint the following individuals to be members —Secretary of Defense Richard B. Cheney. of the Arctic Research Commission: March 3 George B. Newton, of Virginia, for a term of 4 years. The President met at the White House with: This is a new position. Currently Mr. Newton serves —the Vice President; Samuel K. Skinner, Chief as director of the Center for Signature Warfare, Sys- of Staff to the President; Brent Scowcroft, As- tems Analysis Group, Systems Planning Corp. in Ar- lington, VA. sistant to the President for National Security Charles H. Johnson, of Alaska, for a term expiring Feb- Affairs; and members of the CIA briefing ruary 26, 1993. He would succeed Oliver Leavitt. staff; Currently Mr. Johnson serves as president of Denali —Samuel K. Skinner. Financial Services in Nome, AK. Later, the President traveled to Chicago, IL, February 27 where he gave interviews to Chicago television In the morning, the President had a working stations at the Hyatt Regency O’Hare Hotel. In breakfast at the Marriott Rivercenter Hotel with the afternoon, the President returned to Wash- President Carlos Salinas of Mexico. ington, DC. In the afternoon, the President attended a The President declared a major disaster existed working luncheon with the summit participants in the State of New Jersey and ordered Federal at the McNay Art Museum. aid to supplement State and local recovery ef- Later, the President and Mrs. Bush traveled forts in the area struck by a severe northeast to Houston, TX. Upon arrival, they went to their coastal storm on January 4, 1992. residence at the Houstonian Hotel. The President transmitted to the Congress the March 4 1992 Trade Policy Agenda and 1991 Annual Re- In the morning, the President traveled to port on the Trade Agreements Program. Tampa, FL, where he attended the annual Flor- ida State Strawberry Festival. The President then February 28 traveled to Miami, FL. In the afternoon, the President gave interviews to Dallas television stations at the Houstonian March 5 Hotel. In the morning, the President traveled to Co- lumbia, SC. In the afternoon, he traveled to February 29 Memphis, TN, and then to Oklahoma City, OK. In the morning, the President and Mrs. Bush The President announced his intention to ap- traveled to Dallas, TX, and to Atlanta, GA. point the following individuals to be members In the afternoon, the President attended a of the National Advisory Council on the Public Bush-Quayle Georgia leadership meeting and re- Service. These are new positions: ception at the Marriott Marquis Hotel. John Brademas, of New York. Currently Dr. Brademas March 1 serves as president of New York University in New York, NY. In the morning, the President and Mrs. Bush attended services at First Baptist Church in At- Hal Daub, of Nebraska. Currently Mr. Daub serves as principal and director of Federal Government af- lanta, GA. Later, the President gave interviews fairs of Deloitte & Touche, an international account- to Atlanta television stations at the Hyatt Re- ing firm in Washington, DC. From 1980 to 1988, gency Hotel. Following the interviews, the Presi- Mr. Daub served as a U.S. Congressman from the dent and Mrs. Bush traveled to Savannah, GA. Second District of Nebraska.

1224 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / Appendix A

Samuel T. Mok, of Maryland. Since 1986, Mr. Mok mittees to discuss the President’s Dinner, a joint has served as Comptroller and Chief Financial Offi- fundraising event. cer of the U.S. Department of the Treasury in Wash- The President announced his intention to des- ington, DC. ignate the following individuals to the Arkansas- Antonia Coello Novello, of the District of Columbia. Oklahoma Arkansas River Compact Commission: Currently Dr. Novello serves as the U.S. Surgeon General in Washington, DC. United States Commissioner: Edward Joseph Perkins, of the District of Columbia. Ronald N. Fuller, of Arkansas. He would succeed J.J. Currently Director Perkins serves as Director Gen- Vigneault III. He will serve as Chairman. Currently eral of the Foreign Service at the U.S. Department Mr. Fuller serves as president of Fuller Enterprises of State in Washington, DC. in Little Rock, AR. Jesse M. Rios, of Illinois. Currently Mr. Rios serves United States Alternate Commissioner: as president of the National Council of Field Labor Locals in Chicago, IL. Joe M. Allbaugh, of Oklahoma. He would succeed Baren Healey. Currently Mr. Allbaugh serves as dep- Shirin R. Tahir-Kheli, of Pennsylvania. Currently Dr. uty secretary of transportation with the Oklahoma Tahir-Kheli serves as Alternate Representative of the Department of Transportation in Oklahoma City, United States for Special Political Affairs at the OK. United Nations in New York, NY. Charles Graves Untermeyer, of Texas. Currently Direc- The President announced his intention to ap- tor Untermeyer serves as Associate Director for point the following individuals to be members Broadcasting and Director of the Voice of America of the Cultural Property Advisory Committee for in Washington, DC. terms expiring April 25, 1994: March 6 Michael Ward, of New York. He would succeed Glenn In the morning, the President traveled to C. Randall. Since 1983, Dr. Ward has served as founder and director of Michael Ward, Inc., in New Baton Rouge, LA, where he was joined by Mrs. York, NY. Bush. In the afternoon, they traveled to Jackson, James McCredie, of New Jersey. He would succeed MS, and then to Pensacola, FL. Thomas K. Seligman. Currently Dr. McCredie serves as director of the Institute of Fine Arts in New York, March 7 NY. In the morning, the President and Mrs. Bush The President announced his intention to ap- traveled from Pensacola, FL, to Montgomery, point the following individuals to be members AL, where they attended a bass fishing tour- of the United States Holocaust Memorial Coun- nament. They then returned to Andrews Air cil: Force Base, MD, and went on to Camp David, MD. Steven E. Some, of Maryland, for a term expiring Janu- ary 15, 1995. He would succeed Laurence A. Tisch. March 9 Currently Mr. Some serves as president of Steven In the morning, the President and Mrs. Bush E. Some Associates in Washington, DC. returned to the White House from Camp David, Dalck Feith, of Pennsylvania, for a term expiring Janu- ary 15, 1996. This is a reappointment. Dr. Feith is MD. the owner of Dalco Manufacturing Co. and Lansdale The President met at the White House with: Fisheries, Inc., in Lansdale, PA. —the Vice President; Samuel K. Skinner, Chief of Staff to the President; Brent Scowcroft, As- March 10 sistant to the President for National Security The President met at the White House with: Affairs; and members of the CIA briefing —the Vice President; Samuel K. Skinner, Chief staff; of Staff to the President; Brent Scowcroft, As- —Samuel K. Skinner. sistant to the President for National Security Affairs; and members of the CIA briefing Later, the President had a domestic briefing staff; in the Oval Office. Following the briefing, he —Samuel K. Skinner; met with: —Rabbi Abraham Shapiro of Israel; —leaders of Veterans of Foreign Wars, Dis- —the Vice President, for lunch; abled American Veterans, and the American —select Members of Congress. Legion; —Secretary of the Treasury Nicholas F. Brady. The President selected the following individuals to represent him at the Mauritian Republic In the afternoon, the President had a tele- Day ceremonies in Mauritius, March 12: phone conversation with Gov. Bob Miller of Ne- Head of Delegation: vada to kick off the Nevada 2000 education initiative. Laurie Firestone In the afternoon, the President met in the Delegates: Roosevelt Room with members of the National Ambassador Penne Korth Republican Senatorial and Congressional Com- Margaret Bush

1225 Appendix A / Administration of George Bush, 1992

The President announced his intention to ap- March 11 point Nien Yuan Yao Cheng, of the District of The President met at the White House with: Columbia, to be a member of the Commission —the Vice President; Samuel K. Skinner, Chief on Broadcasting to the People’s Republic of of Staff to the President; Brent Scowcroft, As- China. This is a new position. Currently Ms. sistant to the President for National Security Cheng is an author. Affairs; and members of the CIA briefing The President announced his intention to ap- staff; point the following individuals to be members —select Members of Congress; of the Commission on the Assignment of Women —Samuel K. Skinner. in the Armed Forces. These are new positions: In the afternoon, in a ceremony on the State Robert T. Herres, of Texas. Upon appointment, he will Floor, the President received diplomatic creden- be designated Chairman. Currently General Herres tials from Ambassadors Syeda Abida Hussain of serves as vice chairman and chief operating officer Pakistan, Anatol Dinbergs of Latvia, Stasys for insurance and information services for USAA In- Lozoraitis of Lithuania, Pita Kewa Nacuva of surance in San Antonio, TX. Fiji, Noureddine Yazid Zerhouni of Algeria, and Mary E. Clarke, of Alabama. Currently Major General Vladimir Petrovich Lukin of Russia. Clarke serves as Chairman of the Advisory Commit- The White House announced that President tee on Women Veterans at the Veterans Administra- Bush has invited President Richard von tion. Weizsa¨cker of the Federal Republic of Germany Samuel G. Cockerham, of Virginia. Currently Brigadier to visit the United States from April 28 to May General Cockerham serves as a consultant for de- 3. President von Weizsa¨cker will visit the White fense, aviation, and strategic mobility systems in Alex- andria, VA. House on April 29. The President announced that the following Elaine Donnelly, of Michigan. Currently Ms. Donnelly serves as executive director of the Coalition of Mili- individuals will represent him at the 36th session tary Readiness in Livonia, MI. of the Commission on the Status of Women in Thomas V. Draude, of Illinois. Currently Brigadier Vienna, Austria, March 11–20: General Draude serves as Director of Public Affairs Head of Delegation: at the Marine Corps Headquarters in Washington, Ambassador Judy McLennan. Currently Ambassador DC. McLennan is the United States Representative to the Mary M. Finch, of Arizona. Currently Captain Finch United Nations Commission on the Status of is a tactical officer at the U.S. Military Academy, Women. West Point, NY. William Darryl Henderson, of California. Dr. Hender- Delegates: son most recently served as Commander of the U.S. Gwendolyn Boeke. Currently Ms. Boeke serves as a Army Research Institute in Washington, DC. Republican national committeewoman from Iowa. James R. Hogg, of Virginia. Currently Mr. Hogg serves Patricia Harrison. Currently Ms. Harrison serves as a as president and chief executive officer of the Na- partner with the E. Bruce Harrison Co. and as presi- tional Security Industrial Association in Washington, dent of the National Women’s Economic Alliance. DC. Elsie Vartanian. Currently Ms. Vartanian serves as Di- rector of the Women’s Bureau at the U.S. Depart- Newton Minow, of Illinois. Currently Mr. Minow serves ment of Labor in Washington, DC. as a counsel with the law firm of Sidley and Austin Gwendolyn King. Currently Ms. King serves as Admin- in Chicago, IL. istrator of the Social Security Administration. Charles C. Moskos, of Illinois. Currently Dr. Moskos serves as a professor of sociology at Northwestern The President announced his intention to ap- University in Evanston, IL. point William R. Neale, of Indiana, to be a mem- Meredith Ann Neizer, of Texas. Currently Ms. Neizer ber of the Council of the Administrative Con- serves as systems development trainer at Sealand ference of the United States for a term of 3 Services, Inc., in Farmers Branch, TX. years. He would succeed Edward L. Weidenfeld. Kate Walsh O’Beirne, of Virginia. Currently Ms. Currently Mr. Neale serves as a partner with O’Beirne serves as vice president of government rela- the law firm of Krieg Devault Alexander & tions for the Heritage Foundation in Washington, Capehart in Indianapolis, IN. DC. The President announced his intention to ap- Ronald D. Ray, of Kentucky. Currently Mr. Ray is an point George H. Walker IV, of Missouri, to be attorney at law for the firm of Ronald D. Ray, Coun- sellors at Law in Louisville, KY. a member of the Commission on Presidential Scholars. He would succeed Betty L. Holmes. Maxwell R. Thurman, of Virginia. From 1989 to 1990, General Thurman served as Commander in Chief Currently Mr. Walker serves as an associate with of the U.S. Southern Command in Quarry Heights, the Palmer Group in Philadelphia, PA. Panama. The President appointed David R. Clare, of Sarah F. White, of Virginia. Currently Ms. White serves Florida, to be a member of the President’s Drug as executive assistant to the Science Applications Advisory Council. He would succeed Albert Vin- International Corp. in McLean, VA. cent Casey. From 1976 to 1989, Mr. Clare served

1226 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / Appendix A as president and chairman of the executive com- March 13 mittee of Johnson & Johnson. In the morning, the President traveled to Kala- mazoo, MI, where he toured the Stryker Corp. March 12 medical manufacturing facility. Later, he traveled In the morning, the President met at the to Detroit, MI. In the afternoon, the President White House with: returned to Andrews Air Force Base, MD, and —the Vice President; Samuel K. Skinner, Chief of Staff to the President; Brent Scowcroft, As- then went to Camp David, MD, for the week- sistant to the President for National Security end. Affairs; and members of the CIA briefing March 15 staff; —Samuel K. Skinner. The President and Mrs. Bush returned to the White House from a weekend stay at Camp Later, the President had a domestic briefing David, MD. in the Oval Office. Following the briefing, he met with: March 16 —select Members of Congress; In the morning, the President met at the —Secretary of State James A. Baker III. White House with the Vice President; Samuel In the afternoon, the President went to the K. Skinner, Chief of Staff to the President; Brent Israeli Embassy to sign the book of condolences Scowcroft, Assistant to the President for National for former Prime Minister Menachem Begin. Security Affairs; and members of the CIA brief- In the evening, the President and Mrs. Bush ing staff. attended the National Republican Senatorial The President traveled to Milwaukee, WI, Committee dinner at the Pension Building. where he toured the assembly line at Steeltech The President announced his intention to ap- Manufacturing, Inc. He then traveled to Chi- point the following individuals to be members cago, IL, where he was joined by Mrs. Bush. of the National Commission on America’s Urban In the evening, they returned to Washington, Families, to serve for the life of the Commission. DC. These are new positions: John David Ashcroft, of Missouri. He will be appointed March 17 Chairman. Currently Governor Ashcroft serves as the In the morning, the President and Mrs. Bush Governor of Missouri. traveled to Bentonville, AR, and returned to Annette Strauss, of Texas. She will be appointed Co- Washington, DC, later in the day. chairman. From 1987 to 1991, Ms. Strauss served as the Mayor of Dallas, TX. March 18 Victor Ashe, of Tennessee. Currently Mr. Ashe serves as the Mayor of the city of Knoxville, TN. In the morning, the President met at the David Blankenhorn, of New York. Currently Mr. White House with: Blankenhorn serves as president of the Institute for —the Vice President; Samuel K. Skinner, Chief American Values in New York, NY. of Staff to the President; Brent Scowcroft, As- Alphonso Jackson, of Texas. Currently Mr. Jackson sistant to the President for National Security serves as the executive director of the housing au- Affairs; and members of the CIA briefing thority of the city of Dallas, TX. staff; Irene Johnson, of Illinois. Currently Ms. Johnson serves as president of LeClaire Courts Resident Manage- —Samuel K. Skinner; ment Corp. in Chicago, IL. —economic advisers; Josephine Velazquez, of Florida. Currently Ms. Velaz- —Secretary of State James A. Baker III. quez is involved with the Florida Guardian Ad Litem Program and is actively involved as chairman of var- The President presented the Presidential Citi- ious fundraising projects to benefit the Children’s zen’s Medal to the families of deceased hostages Home Society in Miami, FL. William Buckley and William R. Higgins in the Bill Wilson, of New York. Currently Mr. Wilson is pas- Oval Office. tor of the Metro Assembly of God in Brooklyn, NY. The President hosted a reception for the Na- The President announced his intention to des- tional Republican Congressional Campaign lead- ignate J. Michael Farrell, of the District of Co- ership on the State Floor. lumbia, to be Chairman of the National Commis- The President transmitted to the Congress the sion on Libraries and Information Science. Mr. annual report of the ACTION Agency for fiscal Farrell has been a member of the Commission year 1991. since October 17, 1990. Currently he serves as The President announced his intention to ap- a partner with the law firm of Manatt, Phelps, point the following individuals to the United Rothenberg & Phillips in Washington, DC.

1227 Appendix A / Administration of George Bush, 1992

States Holocaust Memorial Council for the terms March 20 indicated: The President held morning meetings at the Chairman: White House with: —the Vice President; Samuel K. Skinner, Chief Harvey M. Meyerhoff, of Maryland, for a term of 5 years. This is a reappointment. He has served as a of Staff to the President; Brent Scowcroft, As- member of the Council since 1986. Currently Mr. sistant to the President for National Security Meyerhoff serves as chairman of the board of Magna Affairs; and members of the CIA briefing Properties in Baltimore, MD. staff; —Samuel K. Skinner; Member: —Secretary of State James A. Baker III. Theodore N. Lerner, of Maryland, for a term expiring January 15, 1996. This is a reappointment. Currently In the afternoon, the President presented the Mr. Lerner serves as president of the Lerner Co. Commander in Chief Trophy to Air Force Acad- in Bethesda, MD. emy representatives in the Roosevelt Room. He The President declared a major disaster existed then addressed the National Federation of Re- in the State of Vermont. He ordered Federal publican Women in the Old Executive Office aid to supplement State and local recovery ef- Building. Later, the President and Mrs. Bush forts in the area struck by heavy rains, ice jams, traveled to Camp David, MD, for the weekend. and flooding on March 11. The White House announced that the Presi- dent has invited Prime Minister Michael Manley March 19 of Jamaica to the White House for a private din- The President met in the morning at the ner on Tuesday, March 24. White House with: The President declared a major disaster existed —the Vice President; Samuel K. Skinner, Chief in the State of Texas. He ordered Federal aid of Staff to the President; Brent Scowcroft, As- to supplement State and local recovery efforts sistant to the President for National Security in the area struck by severe storms and flooding Affairs; and members of the CIA briefing since March 4. staff; The President also declared a major disaster —Samuel K. Skinner; existed in the State of Mississippi. He ordered —the Cabinet; Federal aid to supplement State and local recov- —the Executive Committee of the Asian Amer- ery efforts in the areas struck by severe storms ican Voters’ Coalition; and tornadoes on March 9–10. —muscular dystrophy poster child, Drew John- son; March 21 —the Vice President, for lunch. The President had a morning meeting and a working luncheon with Chancellor Helmut Kohl In the afternoon, the President and Mrs. Bush of Germany at Camp David, MD. hosted a reception for the National Newspaper Association on the State Floor. In the evening, March 22 the President and Mrs. Bush attended the Radio The President and Mrs. Bush, accompanied by and Television Correspondents Association din- Chancellor and Mrs. Kohl, returned to the White ner at the Washington Hilton Hotel. House from Camp David, MD, in the afternoon. The President announced his intention to appoint the following individuals to serve as mem- March 23 bers of the United States Commission on Im- In the morning, the President met at the proving the Effectiveness of the United Nations. White House with the Vice President; Samuel These are new positions: K. Skinner, Chief of Staff to the President; Brent Gary E. MacDougal, of Illinois. Since 1969, Mr. Scowcroft, Assistant to the President for National MacDougal has served as chairman and chief execu- Security Affairs; and members of the CIA brief- tive officer of Mark Control Corp. in Chicago, IL. ing staff. The President also had a domestic Richard John Neuhaus, of New York. Currently Mr. briefing in the Oval Office. Neuhaus serves as director of the Institute of Reli- The President had afternoon meetings with: gion and Public Life in New York, NY. —Samuel K. Skinner; Harris O. Schoenberg, of New York. Currently Mr. —Secretary of Defense Richard B. Cheney. Schoenberg serves as director of United Nations Af- fairs for B’nai B’rith International in New York, NY. March 24 Jose S. Sorzano, of Virginia. Currently Mr. Sorzano serves as chairman of the Austin Group, Inc., in Ar- The President met at the White House with: lington, VA. In addition, he has served as Ambas- —the Vice President; Samuel K. Skinner, Chief sador and U.S. Representative to the United Nations, of Staff to the President; Brent Scowcroft, As- 1981–85. sistant to the President for National Securi-

1228 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / Appendix A

ty Affairs; and members of the CIA briefing bers of the National Science Board, National staff; Science Foundation: —Samuel K. Skinner; For terms expiring May 10, 1998: —the Vice President, for lunch; F. Albert Cotton, of Texas. This is a reappointment. —March of Dimes poster child Edward Mi- Currently Dr. Cotton serves as a Robert A. Welch chael Eissey; distinguished professor of chemistry and director of —White House news photographers. the laboratory for molecular structure and bonding at the department of chemistry of Texas A&M Uni- In the evening, the President and Mrs. Bush versity in College Station, TX. hosted a private dinner in the Residence for James L. Powell, of Pennsylvania. This is a reappoint- Prime Minister Michael Manley of Jamaica. ment. Currently Dr. Powell serves as president and Press Secretary Fitzwater issued a release stat- chief executive officer of the Franklin Institute in ing that the President’s only medication is a daily Philadelphia, PA. Synthroid pill for his thyroid condition. Charles Edward Hess, of California. He would succeed John C. Hancock. Currently Dr. Hess serves as a The President announced his intention to ap- professor of agriculture and environmental science point the following individuals to be members at the University of California at Davis. of the National Advisory Council on Indian Edu- John Hopcroft, of New York. He would succeed Fred- cation: erick Phillips Brooks. Currently Dr. Hopcroft serves as a professor in the department of computer science Josephus D. Jacobs, of North Carolina, for a term expir- at Cornell University in Ithaca, NY. ing September 29, 1993. He would succeed Helen Frank H.T. Rhodes, of New York. Currently Dr. M. Scheirbeck. From 1970 to 1984, Mr. Jacobs Rhodes serves as president of Cornell University in served as a county supervisor for the Farmers Home Ithaca, NY. Administration in Raleigh, NC. Eddie L. Tullis, of Alabama, for a term expiring Sep- For the remainder of the term expiring May 10, tember 29, 1994. This is a reappointment. Since 1992, succeeding Mary Lowe Good, and an 1976, Mr. Tullis has served as chairman of the additional term expiring May 10, 1998, as a Poarch Band of Creek Indians in Atmore, AL. reappointment: Francis G. Whitebird, of South Dakota, for a term Richard Neil Zare, of California. Currently Dr. Zare expiring September 29, 1993. He would succeed serves as a Marguerite Blake Wilbur professor of Ronald P. Andrade. Currently Mr. Whitebird serves chemistry at Stanford University in Stanford, CA. as a coordinator for the South Dakota State Indian Affairs Office in Pierre, SD. March 25 Albert A. Yazzie, of Arizona, for a term expiring Sep- The President met in the morning at the tember 29, 1993. He would succeed Gloria Ann White House with: Duus. Since 1980, Mr. Yazzie has served as super- —the Vice President; Samuel K. Skinner, Chief intendent for the Ganado Unified Schools, District of Staff to the President; Brent Scowcroft, As- 20, in Ganado, AZ. sistant to the President for National Security Sergio A. Maldonado, of Arizona, for a term expiring Affairs; and members of the CIA briefing September 29, 1992. He would succeed Omar J. staff. Lane. Since 1985, Mr. Maldonado has served as an Indian education supervisor for the Federal programs The President had afternoon meetings with: of the Tempe Elementary District 3 in Tempe, AZ. —Samuel K. Skinner; William D. Edmo, Sr., of Idaho, for a term expiring —Secretary of State James A. Baker III. September 29, 1992. He would succeed Andrea L. Barlow. From 1989 to 1990, Dr. Edmo served as March 26 a grantsmanship specialist with Shoshone-Bannock In the afternoon, the President had a domestic Tribes, Inc., in Fort Hall, ID. briefing in the Oval Office and then met with Sacajawea Ramona Tecumseh, of Iowa, for a term ex- Samuel K. Skinner, Chief of Staff to the Presi- piring September 29, 1992. She would succeed Rob- dent. Later, the President hosted a reception for ert Keams Chiago. Currently Ms. Tecumseh is a doc- Republican Senators on the State Floor. toral student at Arizona State University in Tempe, The President announced his intention to ap- AZ. point the following individuals to be members Theresa Farley Neese, of Oklahoma, for a term expiring of the Commission for the Preservation of Amer- September 29, 1992. She would succeed Marie Cox. ica’s Heritage Abroad: Ms. Neese has served as director of small business Julius Berman, of New York, for a term expiring August and chief lobbyist for the Oklahoma State Chamber 17, 1992, and an additional term expiring August 17, of Commerce and Industry in Oklahoma City, OK. 1995. This is a reappointment. Currently Mr. Ber- The President announced his intention to man serves as executive vice president and chief legal nominate the following individuals to be mem- officer of the Olympia and York Companies in New York, NY.

1229 Appendix A / Administration of George Bush, 1992

Hertz Frankel, of New York, for a term expiring July John R. Searle, of California. He would succeed Robert 13, 1993. He would succeed Gerald E. Rosen. Cur- B. Stevens. Since 1967, Dr. Searle has served as a rently Mr. Frankel serves as director of Bedford-Har- professor of philosophy at the University of California rison Day Care in Brooklyn, NY. in Berkeley, CA.

The President announced his intention to March 28 nominate Bruce D. Goodman, of Pennsylvania, In the evening, the President and Mrs. Bush to be a Commissioner of the Copyright Royalty attended the Gridiron Dinner at the Capital Hil- Tribunal, for a term of 7 years. He would suc- ton Hotel. ceed Mario F. Aguero. Currently Mr. Goodman serves as president of FYI Network, Inc., a cable March 30 television programming channel in Washington, The President met at the White House with: DC. —the Vice President; Samuel K. Skinner, Chief of Staff to the President; Brent Scowcroft, March 27 Assistant to the President for National Security The President met in the morning at the Affairs; and members of the CIA briefing staff; White House with: —Samuel K. Skinner; —the Vice President; Samuel K. Skinner, Chief —domestic advisers; of Staff to the President; Brent Scowcroft, As- —the Vice President, for lunch; sistant to the President for National Security —Secretary of the Treasury Nicholas F. Brady. Affairs; and members of the CIA briefing staff; In the evening, the President and Mrs. Bush —Secretary of State James A. Baker III. attended the Youth for Tomorrow gala at the Kennedy Center. Later, the President taped a radio address for broadcast on March 28. March 31 In the afternoon, the President met with the The President met at the White House with: Latin Builders Association. —the Vice President; Samuel K. Skinner, Chief The White House announced that the Presi- of Staff to the President; Brent Scowcroft, As- dent will meet with President Francesco Cossiga sistant to the President for National Security of Italy on April 7. Affairs; and members of the CIA briefing The President announced his intention to staff; nominate the following individuals to be mem- —Samuel K. Skinner; bers of the National Council on the Humanities —Secretary of State James A. Baker III. for terms expiring January 26, 1998: The President transmitted to Congress the Paul A. Cantor, of Virginia. He would succeed Aram 26th annual report of the Department of Hous- Bakshian, Jr. Currently Dr. Cantor serves as a profes- ing and Urban Development for calendar year sor of English at the University of Virginia in Char- 1990. lottesville, VA. The President announced his intention to ap- Bruce Cole, of Indiana. He would succeed Alvin H. Bernstein. Currently Dr. Cole serves as a distin- point the following individuals to be members guished professor of fine arts with the Hope School of Emergency Boards Nos. 220, 221, 222, to in- of Fine Arts at Indiana University in Bloomington, vestigate railroad labor disputes: IN. Benjamin Aaron, of Santa Monica, CA. Mr. Aaron will Joseph H. Hagan, of Massachusetts. He would succeed serve as the Chairman of all three Boards. Currently Paul J. Olscamp. Currently Dr. Hagan serves as he is a professor of law at the University of California president of Assumption College in Worcester, MA. at Los Angeles School of Law and an arbitrator in Theodore S. Hamerow, of Wisconsin. He would suc- numerous industries. ceed John Shelton Reed, Jr. Dr. Hamerow has served David Twomey, of Quincy, MA. Mr. Twomey will be as professor emeritus and chairman of the depart- a member of all three Boards. He currently is an ment of history at the University of Wisconsin in arbitrator and a professor at the Boston College Madison, WI. School of Management. Alicia Juarrero, of Maryland. She would succeed Rob- Eric J. Schmertz, of Riverdale, NY. Mr. Schmertz will ert Hollander. Since 1975, Dr. Juarrero has served be a member of all three Boards. Currently he is as a professor of philosophy at Prince George’s Com- a professor of law at the Hofstra School of Law and munity College in Largo, MD. an arbitrator in numerous industries. Alan Charles Kors, of Pennsylvania. He would succeed Arnold M. Zack, of Boston, MA. Mr. Zack will be a Carolynn Reid-Wallace. Currently Dr. Kors serves member of the two Boards handling the Conrail and as a professor of history at the University of Pennsyl- Amtrak disputes. He currently serves as arbitrator vania in Philadelphia, PA. and mediator in numerous industries. Condoleezza Rice, of California. She would succeed Preston Jay Moore, of Oklahoma City, OK. Mr. Moore David Lowenthal. Currently Dr. Rice serves as a pro- will be a member of the two Boards handling the fessor of political science at Stanford University in Conrail and Amtrak disputes. He currently serves as Stanford, CA. an arbitrator in numerous industries.

1230 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / Appendix A

April 1 of 2 years. Currently Mr. Vogt serves as partner- The President met at the White House with: in-charge with the law firm of Fulbright & Ja- —former President Jimmy Carter; worski in Washington, DC. —the Vice President; Samuel K. Skinner, Chief of Staff to the President; Brent Scowcroft, As- April 6 sistant to the President for National Security In the morning, the President and Mrs. Bush Affairs; and members of the CIA briefing returned to the White House from a weekend staff; stay at Camp David, MD. —congressional leaders; In the afternoon, the President traveled to Bal- —economic advisers. timore, MD, where he attended the opening day In the evening, the President and Mrs. Bush baseball game at the new Oriole Park at Camden attended the National Republican Senatorial Yards. Following the game, the President re- Committee Roundtable dinner at the National turned to Washington, DC. Museum of Women in the Arts. April 7 April 2 The President met at the White House with: The President met at the White House with: —the Vice President; Samuel K. Skinner, Chief —the Vice President; Samuel K. Skinner, Chief of Staff to the President; Brent Scowcroft, As- of Staff to the President; Brent Scowcroft, As- sistant to the President for National Security sistant to the President for National Security Affairs; and members of the CIA briefing Affairs; and members of the CIA briefing staff; staff; —Samuel K. Skinner. —Samuel K. Skinner; —domestic advisers; —Secretary of State James A. Baker III; April 8 —Hispanic leaders. In the morning, the President participated in Great American Read-Aloud Day by reading to In an afternoon ceremony in the Oval Office, students from St. Peter’s School, Washington, the President received diplomatic credentials from Ambassadors Mohamed Fall Ainina of DC, in the Diplomatic Reception Room at the Mauritania, Berhane Gebre-Christos of Ethiopia, White House. Takakazu Kuriyama of Japan, and Acheikh Ibn Later, the President met with: Oumar Said of Chad. —the Vice President; Samuel K. Skinner, Chief of Staff to the President; Brent Scowcroft, As- April 3 sistant to the President for National Security In the morning, the President met at the Affairs; and members of the CIA briefing White House with the Vice President; Samuel staff; K. Skinner, Chief of Staff to the President; Brent —Samuel K. Skinner; Scowcroft, Assistant to the President for National —Postmaster General Anthony Frank; Security Affairs; and members of the CIA brief- —Secretary of State James A. Baker III. ing staff. He then taped a radio address for broadcast on April 4. In the evening, the President and Mrs. Bush Later, the President traveled to Philadelphia, hosted a reception for the Republican National PA, and then to Camp David, MD, where he Committee Eagles on the State Floor. was joined by Mrs. Bush. The President announced his intention to ap- The President announced his intention to des- point Victor H. Ashe, Mayor of Knoxville, TN, ignate Susan M. Coughlin, of Pennsylvania, to to be a member of the Advisory Commission be Vice Chairman of the National Transportation on Intergovernmental Relations for a term of 2 Safety Board for a term of 2 years. She has years. This is a reappointment. served as Vice Chairman since June 21, 1990. The President announced his intention to ap- From 1987 to 1990, Ms. Coughlin served as point Jeannine Smith Clark, of the District of Deputy Federal Railroad Administrator at the Columbia, to be a member of the Commission U.S. Department of Transportation in Washing- ton, DC. of Fine Arts for a term of 4 years. She would The President announced his intention to succeed Pascal Regan. Currently Ms. Clark nominate Carl W. Vogt, of Maryland, to be a serves as a member of the Board of Regents member of the National Transportation Safety at the Smithsonian Institution in Washington, Board for the term expiring December 31, 1996. DC. He would succeed James L. Kolstad. He will The President has selected the following indi- also be nominated to be Chairman for a term viduals to represent him at the 50th anniversary

1231 Appendix A / Administration of George Bush, 1992 observance of the fall of Bataan in the Phil- —the Vice President; Samuel K. Skinner, Chief ippines, April 9: of Staff to the President; Brent Scowcroft, As- sistant to the President for National Security Head of Delegation: Affairs; and members of the CIA briefing Ambassador Frank Wisner, of the District of Columbia. staff; Currently Ambassador Wisner serves as the U.S. Am- —Samuel K. Skinner; bassador to the Philippines. —domestic advisers; Delegates: —select Cabinet members, for lunch; Paul Blanco, of California. Currently Dr. Blanco serves —representatives of the law enforcement com- as chairman of the National Organization of Filipino- munity; American Republicans. —Secretary of Defense Dick Cheney. William Edwards, of Mississippi. Commander Edwards The President announced his intention to is a World War II veteran and retired naval com- nominate Philip Brunelle, of Minnesota, to be mander. a member of the National Council on the Arts April 9 for the remainder of the term expiring Septem- The President met at the White House with: ber 3, 1994. He would succeed Phyllis Curtain. —the Vice President; Samuel K. Skinner, Chief Currently Mr. Brunelle serves as artistic director of Staff to the President; Brent Scowcroft, As- and founder of the Plymouth Music Series of sistant to the President for National Security Minnesota in Minneapolis, MN. Affairs; and members of the CIA briefing April 14 staff; The President held morning meetings at the —Samuel K. Skinner; White House with: —domestic advisers; —the Vice President; Samuel K. Skinner, Chief —McDonald’s Capitol Classic all-star high of Staff to the President; Brent Scowcroft, As- school basketball teams; sistant to the President for National Security —the Vice President, for lunch; Affairs; and members of the CIA briefing —Secretary of Health and Human Services staff; Louis Sullivan and FDA Commissioner —Samuel K. Skinner. David Kessler. In the afternoon, the President traveled to Fra- In the evening, the President and Mrs. Bush ser, MI, where he toured the assembly line of hosted a reception for the Republican National Giddings & Lewis, Inc. Following the tour, the Committee Eagles on the State Floor. President traveled to Dearborn, MI. In the evening, he returned to Washington, DC. April 10 The President announced his intention to The President held morning meetings at the nominate Thomas Grady, of Massachusetts, to White House with: be a member of the Board of Directors of the —the Vice President; Samuel K. Skinner, Chief Overseas Private Investment Corporation for a of Staff to the President; Brent Scowcroft, As- term expiring December 17, 1994. This is a resistant to the President for National Security appointment. Currently Mr. Grady serves as a Affairs; and members of the CIA briefing partner with the law firm of Grady & Dwyer staff; in Washington, DC. —Samuel K. Skinner; The President announced his intention to ap- —State Lieutenant Governors; point the following individuals to be members —Secretary of State James A. Baker III. of the National Commission for Employment Policy for the terms indicated. These are re- Later, the President taped a radio address for appointments: broadcast on April 11. In the afternoon, the President met with Prime Roger J. Whyte, of Maryland, for a term expiring Minister Maria´n C˘ alfa of Czechoslovakia. The March 20, 1995. Currently Mr. Whyte serves as vice president of A.T. Kearney Executive Search in Wash- President and Mrs. Bush then went to Camp ington, DC. David, MD, for the weekend. Henri S. Rauschenbach, of Massachusetts, for a term expiring February 19, 1995. Currently Senator April 12 Rauschenbach serves as a Massachusetts State sen- In the afternoon, the President and Mrs. Bush ator. returned to the White House from a weekend stay at Camp David, MD. April 15 The President met at the White House with: April 13 —the Vice President; Samuel K. Skinner, Chief The President met at the White House with: of Staff to the President; Brent Scowcroft,

1232 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / Appendix A

Assistant to the President for National Secu- —Samuel K. Skinner, Chief of Staff to the rity Affairs; and members of the CIA briefing President. staff; The President announced his intention to —Samuel K. Skinner; nominate Steven Manaster, of Utah, to be a —economic advisers; Commissioner of the Commodity Futures Trad- —the Vice President, for lunch; ing Commission for the term expiring April 13, —Secretary of State James A. Baker III. 1997. He would succeed Fowler C. West. Cur- The President named Secretary of Defense rently Dr. Manaster serves in the University of Dick Cheney and Secretary of Education Lamar Utah department of finance as a professor and Alexander to be his personal representatives to as a Wasatch advisors distinguished faculty schol- the celebration of Australian-American Friend- ar in Salt Lake City, UT. ship Week and the commemoration of the 50th The President announced his intention to anniversary of the Battle of the Coral Sea. nominate Pamela J. Turner, of the District of The President declared a major disaster existed Columbia, to be a member of the U.S. Advisory in the State of Illinois and ordered Federal aid Commission on Public Diplomacy for a term ex- to supplement State and local recovery efforts piring July 1, 1995. This is a reappointment. Cur- in the area struck by flooding beginning on April rently Ms. Turner serves as vice president of gov- 13. ernment relations for the National Cable Tele- vision Association in Washington, DC. April 16 In the morning, the President taped a radio April 21 address at the White House for broadcast on The President met at the White House with: April 18. He then met with: —the Vice President; Samuel K. Skinner, Chief —the Vice President; Samuel K. Skinner, Chief of Staff to the President; Brent Scowcroft, As- of Staff to the President; Brent Scowcroft, As- sistant to the President for National Security sistant to the President for National Security Affairs; and members of the CIA briefing Affairs; and members of the CIA briefing staff; staff; —national evangelical leaders; —Samuel K. Skinner; —the Vice President, for lunch; —members of the Satmar community. —Samuel K. Skinner. Later, the President traveled to Allentown, PA, The President announced his intention to where he met with the leadership of the Lehigh nominate Tony Armendariz, of Texas, to be a Valley 2000 education initiative. Following his remember of the Federal Labor Relations Author- marks to the Lehigh Valley 2000 community, the ity for a term of 5 years expiring July 29, 1997. President traveled to Kennebunkport, ME, for This is a reappointment. Since 1989, Mr. the Easter weekend. He was joined by Mrs. Bush Armendariz has served as a member of the Fed- at their home on Walker’s Point. eral Labor Relations Authority in Washington, The President announced his intention to ap- DC. point the following individuals: Charles C. Krueger, of New York, to be a Commis- April 22 sioner of the United States section of the Great The President met at the White House with: Lakes Fishery Commission for a term of 6 years. —the Vice President; Samuel K. Skinner, Chief This is a reappointment. Currently Dr. Krueger of Staff to the President; Brent Scowcroft, As- serves as an associate professor in the department sistant to the President for National Security of natural resources at Cornell University in Ithaca, Affairs; and members of the CIA briefing NY. staff; Harry H. Whiteley, of Michigan, to be Alternate Com- —Samuel K. Skinner; missioner of the United States section of the Great Lakes Fishery Commission. He would succeed Rob- —Secretary of State James A. Baker III. ert L. Athey. Currently Mr. Whiteley owns Harry H. Whiteley Associates in Rogers City, MI. April 23 The President held morning meetings at the April 20 White House with: In the morning, the President and Mrs. Bush —the Vice President; Samuel K. Skinner, Chief traveled from their home in Kennebunkport, of Staff to the President; Brent Scowcroft, As- ME, to Columbus, OH. Following the opening sistant to the President for National Security of the AmeriFlora ’92 Exposition, they returned Affairs; and members of the CIA briefing to Washington, DC. staff; The President held afternoon meetings with: —Samuel K. Skinner; —Secretary of the Treasury Nicholas F. Brady; —domestic advisers.

1233 Appendix A / Administration of George Bush, 1992

In the evening, the President and Mrs. Bush Robert E. Gable, of Kentucky. He would succeed hosted a reception for the 60th anniversary of James Thompson. Currently Mr. Gable serves as the Folger Shakespeare Library on the State chairman of the board of the Stearns Co. in Lexing- Floor. ton, KY. The White House announced that the Presi- April 24 dent accorded Frederick Morris Bush, of Mary- The President held morning meetings at the land, the personal rank of Ambassador during White House with: his tenure as Commissioner General of the U.S. —the Vice President; Samuel K. Skinner, Chief exhibition at the Universal Exposition in Seville, of Staff to the President; Brent Scowcroft, As- Spain. sistant to the President for National Security Affairs; and members of the CIA briefing April 26 staff; In the afternoon, the President and Mrs. Bush —Samuel K. Skinner; returned to the White House from a weekend —Secretary of State James A. Baker III. stay at Camp David, MD. In the afternoon, the President met with the April 27 AMVETS leadership. Later he and Mrs. Bush In the morning, the President met at the traveled to Camp David, MD, for the weekend. White House with the Vice President; Samuel The White House announced that Prime Min- K. Skinner, Chief of Staff to the President; Brent ister Brian Mulroney of Canada will meet with Scowcroft, Assistant to the President for National the President on May 20 in Washington, DC. Security Affairs; and members of the CIA brief- The President announced his intention to ap- ing staff. point Charles G. Palm, of California, to be a The President then traveled to Miami, FL, and member of the National Historical Publications Charlotte, NC. In the evening, he returned to and Records Commission for a term expiring De- Washington, DC. cember 26, 1995. This is a reappointment. Cur- The President announced his intention to ap- rently Mr. Palm serves as archivist and deputy point the following individuals to be members director of the Hoover Institution at Stanford of the Advisory Committee to the Pension Bene- University in Stanford, CA. fit Guaranty Corporation: The President announced his intention to ap- W. Gordon Binns, Jr., of New York, for a term expiring point the following individuals to be Commis- February 19, 1995. This is a reappointment. Cur- sioners of the Franklin Delano Roosevelt Memo- rently Mr. Binns serves as vice president and chief rial Commission: investment funds officer for the General Motors Corp. in New York, NY. Irving Berlin, of Illinois. He would succeed Calvin M. Kenneth Keene, of Connecticut, for a term expiring Whitesell. Currently Mr. Berlin owns Irving Berlin, February 19, 1995. This is a reappointment. From Ltd., in Chicago, IL. 1972 to 1984, Mr. Keene served as a member of Doris H. McClory, of Illinois. She would succeed Jen- the board of directors of Johnson & Higgins. nings Randolph. From 1960 to 1969, Ms. McClory Stephen F. Keller, of California, for a term expiring served as an associate producer with Goodson- February 19, 1995. This is a reappointment. Cur- Todman Productions. rently Mr. Keller serves as an attorney with the law Carol M. Palmer, of Maryland. She would succeed Eu- firm of Fulbright & Jaworski in Los Angeles, CA. gene J. Keogh. Since 1984, Ms. Palmer has served as a legal administrator with the law firm of Preston, April 28 Thorgrimson, Ellis & Holman in Washington, DC. The President met at the White House with: David B. Roosevelt, of Texas. He would succeed Ed- —the Vice President; Samuel K. Skinner, Chief mund G. ‘‘Pat’’ Brown. Currently Mr. Roosevelt of Staff to the President; Brent Scowcroft, As- serves as executive vice president and chief executive sistant to the President for National Security officer of Morse, Williams & Co. in New York, NY. Affairs; and members of the CIA briefing The President announced his intention to ap- staff; point the following individuals to be members —Samuel K. Skinner; of the Advisory Committee on the Arts, John —Republican congressional leaders; F. Kennedy Center for the Performing Arts: —National Science Bowl winners; Abbey J. Butler, of New York. He would succeed Mar- —the 1992 Big Brother and Big Sister; tha B. Zeder. Currently Mr. Butler serves as presi- —select Cabinet members, for lunch. dent of C.B. Equities Capital Corp. and cochairman of the FoxMeyer Corp. in New York, NY. April 29 Herbert F. Collins, of Massachusetts. He would suc- In the morning, the President met at the ceed Naomi Zeavin. Currently Mr. Collins serves as White House with: chairman of the board and cofounder of Boston Cap- —the Vice President; Samuel K. Skinner, Chief ital Partners, Inc., in Boston, MA. of Staff to the President; Brent Scowcroft,

1234 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / Appendix A

Assistant to the President for National Secu- Frederick D. McClure, of Texas, for a term expiring rity Affairs; and members of the CIA briefing December 30, 1994. He would succeed John staff; Chatfield Tuck. Currently Mr. McClure serves as —Samuel K. Skinner. managing director of the First Southwest Co. in Dal- las, TX. He met in the afternoon with Secretary of In the evening, the President and Mrs. Bush State James A. Baker III. traveled to Camp David, MD, for the weekend. April 30 May 2 In the morning, the President signed the Exec- The President declared a major disaster existed utive order on infrastructure privatization in a in the county and the city of Los Angeles, CA, ceremony in the Oval Office. He then met with: and ordered Federal aid to supplement State and —the Vice President, Samuel K. Skinner, Chief local recovery efforts in Los Angeles County, af- of Staff to the President; Brent Scowcroft, As- fected by fires during a period of civil disturb- sistant to the President for National Security ances beginning on April 29. Affairs; and members of the CIA briefing staff; May 3 —Samuel K. Skinner; The President and Mrs. Bush, accompanied by —Senator and Mrs. Connie Mack, Cancer several family members, attended morning Courage Award recipients. church services at the Camp David Evergreen In the afternoon, the President traveled to Co- Chapel, where Lt. John Frusti, Camp David lumbus, OH, and returned to Washington, DC, chaplain, offered a prayer of reconciliation. in the evening. In the afternoon, the President and Mrs. Bush The President announced his intention to ap- returned to the White House from a weekend point the following individuals to be members stay at Camp David, MD. of the Commission for the Preservation of Amer- May 4 ica’s Heritage Abroad: The President held morning meetings at the Arthur Schneier, of New York, for a term expiring Feb- White House with: ruary 27, 1995. This is a reappointment. Upon ap- —the Vice President; Samuel K. Skinner, Chief pointment, he will be designated Chairman. Cur- of Staff to the President; Brent Scowcroft, As- rently Rabbi Schneier serves as senior rabbi of the sistant to the President for National Security Park East Synagogue in New York, NY. Affairs; and members of the CIA briefing Dov S. Zakheim, of Maryland, for a term expiring Feb- staff; ruary 27, 1995. This is a reappointment. Currently Dr. Zakheim serves as chief executive officer with —Samuel K. Skinner; the System Planning Corp. in Arlington, VA. —senior domestic advisers; —North American members of the Council for May 1 Sustainable Development; The President met in the morning at the —the asthma and allergy poster child. White House with: In the afternoon, the President met with Sec- —the Vice President; Samuel K. Skinner, Chief retary of the Treasury Nicholas F. Brady. Later, of Staff to the President; Brent Scowcroft, As- he attended the National Rehabilitation Hospital sistant to the President for National Security fundraiser at the Avenel Club in Potomac, MD. Affairs; and members of the CIA briefing The President declared a major disaster existed staff; in the State of California and ordered Federal —Samuel K. Skinner; aid to supplement State and local recovery ef- —civil rights community leaders; forts in the area struck by earthquakes and after- —Secretary of State James A. Baker III. shocks beginning on April 25. In the afternoon, the President signed the Law The President announced his intention to ap- Day proclamation in a ceremony in the Roosevelt point Paul A. Vander Myde, of Virginia, to be Room. He then met with Goldman Environ- a member of the Council of the Administrative mental Prize winners in the Oval Office. Conference of the United States for a term of The President appointed the following individ- 3 years. He would succeed R. Carter Sanders, uals to be members of the Board of Visitors to Jr. Currently Mr. Vander Myde serves as vice the United States Naval Academy: president for corporate affairs of the VSE Corp. of Alexandria, VA. Catherine C. Colgan, of Virginia, for a term expiring December 30, 1994. She would succeed Arthur B. The President announced his intention to des- Culvahouse, Jr. Currently Ms. Colgan serves as presi- ignate Harold P. Freeman, of New York, as Chair- dent of Colgan Communications in Virginia Beach, man of the President’s Cancer Panel for a term VA. of one year. This is a reappointment. Cur-

1235 Appendix A / Administration of George Bush, 1992 rently Dr. Freeman serves as director of surgery The President held meetings with: at the Harlem Hospital in New York, NY. —State and local officials; The President announced his intention to ap- —Hispanic economic development leaders; point Charles B. Wilson, of California, to be a —the Presidential task force on civil disturb- member of the National Cancer Advisory Board ances in Los Angeles. for a term expiring March 9, 1998. He would succeed Kenneth Olden. Currently Dr. Wilson The President accorded Jay Van Andel, of serves as director of the Brain Tumor Research Michigan, the personal rank of Ambassador dur- Center at the University of California in San ing his tenure as Commissioner General of the Francisco, CA. United States pavilion at the International Expo- The President announced his intention to ap- sition in Genoa, Italy. Currently Mr. Van Andel point Amoretta M. Hoeber, of Virginia, to be serves as chairman of the board of Amway Corp. a Representative of the United States of America in Ada, MI. on the Joint Commission on the Environment, May 8 established by the Panama Canal Treaty of 1977, Following his morning address to Los Angeles for a term of 3 years. She would succeed Nor- community groups, the President returned to man C. Roberts. Currently Ms. Hoeber serves as senior staff member of TRW Environmental Washington, DC. Safety System, Inc., in Fairfax, VA. The President announced his intention to appoint Henry Clement Pitot III, of New York, May 5 to be a member of the President’s Cancer Panel The President met at the White House with: for a term expiring February 20, 1995. He would —the Vice President; Samuel K. Skinner, Chief succeed Geza J. Jako. Currently Dr. Pitot serves of Staff to the President; Brent Scowcroft, As- as professor of oncology and pathology at the sistant to the President for National Security McArdle Laboratory for Cancer Research at the Affairs; and members of the CIA briefing University of Wisconsin Medical School in Madi- staff; son, WI. —Secretary of Housing and Urban Develop- ment Jack Kemp, Secretary of Labor Lynn May 9 M. Martin, Secretary of Health and Human In the evening, the President and Mrs. Bush Services Louis W. Sullivan, and Attorney attended the White House Correspondents Asso- General William P. Barr. ciation dinner at the Washington Hilton Hotel. The President also met with the Senate Re- May 11 publican Conference at the Capitol and then re- The President held morning meetings at the turned to the White House for lunch with the White House with: Vice President. —Secretary of Defense Dick Cheney; In an afternoon ceremony on the State Floor, —the Vice President; Samuel K. Skinner, Chief the President received diplomatic credentials of Staff to the President; Brent Scowcroft, As- from Ambassadors Aurel-Dragos Munteanu of sistant to the President for National Security Romania, Juan Esteban Aguirre of Paraguay, and Affairs; and members of the CIA briefing Oleh Bilorus of Ukraine. staff; May 6 —Samuel K. Skinner. The President met at the White House with: In the afternoon, the President traveled to —Secretary of State James A. Baker III; Philadelphia, PA, where he attended a briefing —the Vice President; Samuel K. Skinner, Chief with members of the Violent Traffickers Project of Staff to the President; Brent Scowcroft, As- and met with residents of the Spring Garden sistant to the President for National Security neighborhood. In the evening, he returned to Affairs; and members of the CIA briefing Washington, DC. staff. In the afternoon, President Bush and President May 12 Leonid Kravchuk of Ukraine went to Camp In the morning, the President met at the David, MD, for a brief visit. White House with: In the evening, the President traveled to Los —the Vice President; Samuel K. Skinner, Chief Angeles, CA. of Staff to the President; Brent Scowcroft, As- sistant to the President for National Security May 7 Affairs; and members of the CIA briefing In the morning, the President toured the area staff; damaged by the civil disturbances in south cen- —Samuel K. Skinner; tral Los Angeles. —congressional leaders.

1236 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / Appendix A

May 13 Clarence R. Allen, of California, for a term expiring The President held morning meetings at the April 19, 1996. This is a reappointment. Currently White House with: Dr. Allen serves as a professor of geology and geo- —Secretary of State James A. Baker III; physics at the California Institute of Technology in Pasadena, CA. —the Vice President; Samuel K. Skinner, Chief Gary Brewer, of Michigan, for a term expiring April of Staff to the President; Brent Scowcroft, As- 19, 1996. He would succeed Melvin W. Carter. Cur- sistant to the President for National Security rently Dr. Brewer serves as professor of resource Affairs; and members of the CIA briefing policy and management and dean of the School of staff; Natural Resources at the University of Michigan in —Samuel K. Skinner. Ann Arbor, MI. In the afternoon, the President met with Prime The President today announced his intention Minister Esko Aho of Finland. The President to appoint the following individuals to be mem- then traveled to Baltimore, MD, where he bers of the President’s National Security Tele- toured the East Baltimore Medical Center, and communications Advisory Committee: returned to Washington, DC, in the late after- John N. McMahon, of California. He would succeed noon. R. A. Fuhrman. Currently Mr. McMahon serves as The President announced his intention to ap- president of Lockheed Missiles and Space Systems point Andrew H. Card, Jr., Secretary of Trans- Group and president of Lockheed Missiles & Space portation, to be a member of the Advisory Com- Co. in Calabasas, CA. D. Travis Engen, of Connecticut. He would succeed mission on Intergovernmental Relations for a Rand V. Araskog. Currently Mr. Engen serves as ex- term of 2 years. He would succeed Samuel K. ecutive vice president of the ITT Corp. in New York, Skinner. NY. The President announced his intention to appoint the following individuals to be members May 14 of the National Commission for Employment The President met at the White House with: Policy: —the Vice President; Samuel K. Skinner, Chief of Staff to the President; Brent Scowcroft, As- Robert O. Snelling, Sr., of Texas, for a term expiring September 30, 1994. He would succeed A. Wayne sistant to the President for National Security Roberts. Mr. Snelling is currently chairman of the Affairs; and members of the CIA briefing board and president of Snelling and Snelling, Inc., staff; in Dallas, TX. —economic advisers; Charles G. Bakaly, Jr., of California, for a term expiring —Samuel K. Skinner; September 30, 1994. He would succeed James W. —the multiple sclerosis Mother and Father of Winchester. Mr. Bakaly is currently a senior partner the Year; with the firm of O’Melveny & Myers in Los Angeles, —select Cabinet members, for lunch. CA. James J. Lack, of New York, for a term expiring Sep- May 15 tember 30, 1994. He would succeed Jerry J. Naylor. The President held a morning meeting at the Since 1979, Mr. Lack has been a New York State White House with the Vice President; Samuel senator. K. Skinner, Chief of Staff to the President; Brent The President announced his intention to ap- Scowcroft, Assistant to the President for National point the following individuals to be members Security Affairs; and members of the CIA brief- of the Federal Service Impasses Panel for terms ing staff. Later, the President traveled to Pitts- expiring on January 10, 1997. These are re- burgh, PA, where he met with community lead- appointments: ers. In the afternoon, the President traveled to N. Victor Goodman, of Ohio. Currently Mr. Goodman Houston, TX. serves as a partner with the law firm of Benesch, Friedlander, Coplan and Aronoff in Columbus, OH. May 17 Daniel H. Kruger, of Michigan. Currently Dr. Kruger In the morning, the President traveled from serves as a professor of industrial relations at Michi- Houston, TX, to South Bend, IN, and returned gan State University in East Lansing, MI. to Washington, DC, in the evening . The President announced his intention to appoint the following individuals to be members May 18 of the U.S. Nuclear Waste Technical Review The President met at the White House with Board: the Vice President; Samuel K. Skinner, Chief of Staff to the President; Brent Scowcroft, Assistant John E. Cantlon, of Michigan, for a term expiring April 19, 1996. This is a reappointment. Upon appoint- to the President for National Security Affairs; ment, he will be designated Chairman. From 1975 and members of the CIA briefing staff. Later, to 1991, Dr. Cantlon served as vice president for he signed the Older Americans Month proclama- research and graduate studies at Michigan State Uni- tion at a ceremony in the Oval Office. versity in East Lansing, MI. The President held afternoon meetings with:

1237 Appendix A / Administration of George Bush, 1992

—Cabinet members; In the afternoon, the President traveled to —Secretary of the Treasury Nicholas F. Brady; Cleveland, OH, where he met with community —Samuel K. Skinner. leaders, and then to Westchester, NY. In the evening, the President traveled to May 19 Kennebunkport, ME, where he was joined by The President met at the White House with: Mrs. Bush for the Memorial Day holiday week- —the Vice President; Samuel K. Skinner, Chief end. of Staff to the President; Brent Scowcroft, As- The President announced that David J. sistant to the President for National Security Beightol has been named Executive Director of Affairs; and members of the CIA briefing the Presidential Task Force on Los Angeles Re- staff; covery. On Monday, May 4, 1992, the President —Samuel K. Skinner. established a task force of Cabinet deputies and The President declared a major disaster existed other key Federal officials to assist the recovery in the Commonwealth of Virginia and ordered of Los Angeles. The President appointed David Federal aid to supplement State and local recov- T. Kearns, Deputy Secretary, Department of ery efforts in the area struck by severe storms Education, and Alfred A. DelliBovi, Deputy Sec- and flooding on April 21–22. retary, Department of Housing and Urban De- velopment as cochairmen of the task force. May 20 The President announced his intention to ap- The President met at the White House with: point Lee J. Weddig, of Maryland, to be a U.S. —the Vice President; Samuel K. Skinner, Chief Commissioner on the International Commission of Staff to the President; Brent Scowcroft, As- for the Conservation of Atlantic Tunas for a term sistant to the President for National Security of 3 years. This is a reappointment. Currently Affairs; and members of the CIA briefing Mr. Weddig serves as executive vice president staff; of the National Fisheries Institute in Arlington, —Samuel K. Skinner; VA. —Secretary of State James A. Baker III. The President appointed the following individ- The President appointed the following individuals to be members of the Board of Directors uals to be members of the Board of Directors of the Federal Home Loan Mortgage Corpora- of the Federal National Mortgage Association for tion for the terms expiring on the date of the terms ending on the date of the annual meeting next annual meeting of the common stockholders of the stockholders in 1993. These are reappoint- in 1993: ments: George L. Argyros, of California. This is a reappoint- Christine M. Diemer, of California. Currently Ms. ment. Currently Mr. Argyros serves as president and Diemer serves as executive director of the Building chief executive officer of the Arnel Development Co. Industry Association in Santa Ana, CA. in Costa Mesa, CA. Gloria E.A. Toote, of New York. Currently Ms. Toote Thomas Ludlow Ashley, of the District of Columbia. serves as president of Trea Estates in New York, This is a reappointment. Currently Mr. Ashley serves NY. as president of the Association of Bank Holding George L. Clark, Jr., of New York. Currently Mr. Clark Companies in Washington, DC. serves as president of George L. Clark, Inc., in Armando J. Bucelo, Jr., of Florida. This is a reappoint- Brooklyn, NY. ment. Currently Mr. Bucelo serves as an attorney Salvador Bonilla-Mathe, of Florida. Currently Mr. with the law offices of Armando J. Bucelo, Jr., in Bonilla-Mathe serves as president and chief executive Miami, FL. officer of the Gulf Bank in Miami, FL. Shannon Fairbanks, of the District of Columbia. This J. Brian Gaffney, of Connecticut. Currently Mr. is a reappointment. Currently Ms. Fairbanks serves Gaffney serves as a partner with the law firm of as executive vice president of the American Real Es- Gaffney, Pease & DiFabio in New Britain, CT. tate Group in Washington, DC. The President declared an emergency existed May 25 in the Federated States of Micronesia and or- In the morning, the President and Mrs. Bush dered Federal aid to supplement State and local participated in a Memorial Day ceremony at the recovery efforts in the area struck by drought American Legion post in Kennebunkport, ME. beginning March 30. In the afternoon, they returned to Washington, DC, from a holiday weekend stay at their home May 21 in Kennebunkport. The President held a morning meeting at the White House with the Vice President; Samuel May 26 K. Skinner, Chief of Staff to the President; Brent The President met at the White House with: Scowcroft, Assistant to the President for National —the Vice President; Samuel K. Skinner, Chief Security Affairs; and members of the CIA brief- of Staff to the President; Brent Scowcroft, As- ing staff. sistant to the President for National Securi-

1238 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / Appendix A

ty Affairs; and members of the CIA briefing In the afternoon the President met with staff; former President Ronald Reagan. —Samuel K. Skinner; The President announced his intention to ap- —domestic advisers; point James Robert Beall, of Virginia, to be a —the Vice President, for lunch; member of the Interstate Commission on the —Blue Angels pilots. Potomac River Basin. He would succeed Frank J. Donatelli. Currently Mr. Beall serves as an May 27 associate and project manager of William H. In the morning, the President met at the Gordon and Associates in Woodbridge, VA. White House with: The President announced his intention to ap- —the Vice President; Samuel K. Skinner, Chief point Norman R. Augustine, of Maryland, to be of Staff to the President; Brent Scowcroft, As- Governor on the Board of Governors of the sistant to the President for National Security American National Red Cross, for a term of 3 Affairs; and members of the CIA briefing years. He would succeed George F. Moody. He staff; will also be designated as principal officer of the —Samuel K. Skinner. Corporation. Currently Mr. Augustine serves as The President traveled to Annapolis, MD, and chairman and chief executive officer of the Mar- returned to Washington, DC, in the afternoon. tin Marietta Corp. in Bethesda, MD. He then met with Mayor Teddy Kollek of Jerusa- lem. May 30 Later, the President traveled to Atlanta, GA, In the morning, the President traveled from and returned to Washington, DC, in the evening. Los Angeles to Fresno, CA, where he held a roundtable discussion with agricultural leaders at May 28 Fresno Airport. He then toured the Simpson The President held morning meetings at the Vineyard and was briefed on vineyard water White House with: technology. —the Vice President; Samuel K. Skinner, Chief In the afternoon, the President traveled to of Staff to the President; Brent Scowcroft, As- Dallas, TX. In the evening, he returned to An- sistant to the President for National Security drews Air Force Base, MD, and then went to Affairs; and members of the CIA briefing Camp David, MD, for the remainder of the staff; weekend. —Samuel K. Skinner; —Secretary of State James A. Baker III. June 1 In the afternoon, the President traveled from In the afternoon, the President traveled to Camp David, MD, to the Goddard Space Flight Phoenix, AZ, where he addressed Arizona dele- Center in Greenbelt, MD, where he participated gates to the Republican Party Convention. In the in a tour and briefing. He then returned to evening, the President traveled to Los Angeles, Washington, DC. CA. The President announced his intention to June 2 nominate Marshall Lee Miller, of Virginia, to be The President held morning meetings at the a member of the U.S. Advisory Commission on White House with: Public Diplomacy for a term expiring July 1, —the Vice President; Samuel K. Skinner, Chief 1994. He would succeed Edwin J. Feulner, Jr. of Staff to the President; Brent Scowcroft, As- Currently Mr. Miller serves as a partner with sistant to the President for National Security the law firm of Baker and Hostetler in Washing- Affairs; and members of the CIA briefing ton, DC. staff; The President announced his intention to —Samuel K. Skinner; nominate Max M. Kampelman, of the District — bipartisan congressional leaders. of Columbia, to be a member of the Board of Directors of the United States Institute of Peace In the evening, the President and Mrs. Bush for a term expiring January 19, 1995. He would hosted a barbecue for members of Congress on succeed Morris I. Leibman. Currently Dr. the South Lawn. Kampelman serves as a partner with the law firm The President announced his intention to ap- of Fried, Frank, Harris, Shriver and Jacobson point the following individuals to be members in Washington, DC. of the Federal Council on the Aging for a term of 3 years: May 29 Max L. Friedersdorf, of Florida. He would succeed In the morning, the President met with State Normen E. Wymbs. Upon appointment, he will be and local officials in Los Angeles, CA. designated chairman. Currently Mr. Friedersdorf

1239 Appendix A / Administration of George Bush, 1992

serves as chairman of the advisory board of the Asso- George Stuart Heyer, Jr., of Texas, for a term expiring ciation of Retired Americans. September 22, 1994. He would succeed James Rob- Charles W. Kane, of Florida. He would succeed June ert Whelan. Currently Dr. Heyer serves as a profes- Allyson. Currently Mr. Kane serves as a member of sor of history of doctrine at the Austin Presbyterian the advisory council of the department of elder af- Theological Seminary in Austin, TX. fairs for the State of Florida. Daniel Pipes, of Pennsylvania, for a term expiring Sep- tember 22, 1994. He would succeed Nelson V. Nee. The President announced his intention to ap- Currently Dr. Pipes serves as director of the Foreign point the following individuals to be Governors Policy Research Institute in Philadelphia, PA. of the Board of the Governors, American Na- Esther Lee Yao, of Texas, for a term expiring Septem- tional Red Cross, for terms of 3 years. These ber 22, 1993. She would succeed Philip N. Marcus. are reappointments: Currently Dr. Yao serves as an associate professor at the University of Houston at Clear Lake in Hous- James Addison Baker III, Secretary of State ton, TX. Dick Cheney, Secretary of Defense The President announced his intention to Louis W. Sullivan, Secretary of Health and Human nominate Mary Mohs, of Wisconsin, to be a Services member of the National Museum Services Board June 3 for a term expiring December 6, 1994. She The President met at the White House with: would succeed Marilyn Logsdon Mennello. Cur- —the Vice President; Samuel K. Skinner, Chief rently Ms. Mohs serves as vice chairman of the of Staff to the President; Brent Scowcroft, As- Henry Vilas 200 Commission and chairman of sistant to the President for National Security the Madison Landmarks Commission in Madi- Affairs; and members of the CIA briefing son, WI. staff; The President announced his intention to ap- —Samuel K. Skinner; point Pat M. Stevens IV, Brigadier General, U.S. Army, to be a United States Commissioner to —Secretary of State James A. Baker III; the Red River Compact Commission. He would —Balanced Budget Amendment Coalition succeed Thomas Allen Sands. Currently Mr. Ste- members; vens serves as Commanding General of the Army —former Finance Minister Edouard Balladur Engineer Division for the Lower Mississippi Val- of France. ley in Vicksburg, MS. June 4 The President announced his intention to appoint Edward J. Cording, of Illinois, to be a The President held morning meetings at the member of the Nuclear Waste Technical Review White House with: Board for a term expiring April 19, 1996. He —the Vice President; Samuel K. Skinner, Chief would succeed Don U. Deere. Currently Dr. of Staff to the President; Brent Scowcroft, As- Cording serves as a professor of civil engineering sistant to the President for National Security at the University of Illinois at Urbana in Urbana, Affairs; and members of the CIA briefing IL. staff; The President announced his intention to ap- —Samuel K. Skinner; point Bobbie Greene Kilberg, Deputy Assistant —Eastern Caribbean leaders. to the President and Director of the Office of The President and Mrs. Bush had lunch with Intergovernmental Affairs, to be a member of the Vice President and Mrs. Quayle at the Naval the Advisory Commission on Intergovernmental Observatory. Relations for a term of 2 years. She would suc- Later in the afternoon, the President met with ceed Debra Rae Anderson. Special Emissary Shin Kanemaru of Japan. June 5 The President has selected the following indi- The President met at the White House with: viduals to represent him at the inauguration of —the Vice President; Samuel K. Skinner, Chief the new President of Mali, June 8: of Staff to the President; Brent Scowcroft, As- Head of Delegation: sistant to the President for National Security Louis W.Sullivan, Secretary of Health and Human Affairs; and members of the CIA briefing Services staff; —Samuel K. Skinner. Delegate: Frank Royal, of Virginia. In the afternoon, the President and Mrs. Bush traveled to Camp David, MD, for the weekend. The President appointed the following individuals to be members of the J. William Fulbright June 7 Foreign Scholarship Board for the terms indi- In the afternoon, President and Mrs. Bush, ac- cated: companied by Prime Minister and Mrs. Major of

1240 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / Appendix A the United Kingdom, returned to the White The White House announced that the Presi- House from a weekend stay at Camp David, MD. dent transmitted to the Congress the annual report on the administration of the Federal Rail- June 8 road Safety Act of 1970 for calendar year 1990. The President met at the White House with: —the Vice President; Samuel K. Skinner, Chief June 10 of Staff to the President; Brent Scowcroft, As- The President met at the White House with: sistant to the President for National Security —the Vice President; Samuel K. Skinner, Chief Affairs; and members of the CIA briefing of Staff to the President; Brent Scowcroft, As- staff; sistant to the President for National Security —Samuel K. Skinner; Affairs; and members of the CIA briefing —Attorney General William P. Barr; staff; —Secretary of Defense Dick Cheney. —select House Democrats; The President announced that John Joseph —select Senate Republicans; Murphy, of Texas, has agreed to serve as the —Secretary of State James A. Baker III; chairman of the Citizens Democracy Corps. He —Samuel K. Skinner. would succeed Drew Lewis. Mr. Murphy serves as chairman of the board and chief executive The President announced his intention to ap- officer of Dresser Industries, Inc., in Dallas, TX. point Luis M. Proenza, of Alaska, to be a mem- The President announced his intention to ap- ber of the Arctic Research Commission for a point Zvi Kestenbaum, of New York, to be a term expiring February 26, 1996. He would suc- member of the Commission for the Preservation ceed John H. Steele. Currently Dr. Proenza of America’s Heritage Abroad for a term expiring serves as vice chancellor for research and dean February 27, 1995. This is a reappointment. Cur- of the graduate school at the University of Alas- rently Rabbi Kestenbaum serves as executive di- ka, Fairbanks. rector of the Opportunity Development Associa- The President announced his intention to tion in Brooklyn, NY. nominate Barbara Hackman Franklin, Secretary The President announced his intention to ap- of Commerce, to be a member of the Competi- point the following individuals to be Commis- tiveness Policy Council for the remainder of a sioners on the United States Section of the Pa- term expiring October 16, 1992. She would suc- cific Salmon Commission: ceed Robert Adam Mosbacher. The President announced his intention to ap- David A. Colson, of Maryland, for a term expiring Jan- point the following individuals to be members uary 5, 1994. This is a reappointment. Currently Mr. Colson serves as Deputy Assistant Secretary of State of the U.S. Holocaust Memorial Council for the for Oceans and Fisheries Affairs at the State Depart- terms indicated: ment in Washington, DC. Albert Abramson, of Maryland, for a term expiring Jan- Gerald I. James, of Washington, for a term expiring uary 15, 1997. This is a reappointment. Currently January 5, 1996. He would succeed Guy R. Mr. Abramson serves as founder of Tower Construc- McMinds. Currently Mr. James serves as program tion Co. in Bethesda, MD. manager for the Lummi Tribe and has served as Joseph A. Cannon, of Utah, for the remainder of the a member and vice chairman of the Lummi Indian term expiring January 15, 1994. He would succeed Business Council. Marshall Ezralow. Mr. Cannon has served as chair- Charles P. Meacham, of Alaska, for the remainder of man of the board of directors, president, and chief the term expiring January 5, 1994. He would succeed executive officer of Geneva Steel in Provo, UT. Don W. Collinsworth. Currently Mr. Meacham Mimi Weyforth Dawson, of the District of Columbia, serves as deputy commissioner of the Alaska Depart- for a term expiring January 15, 1997. She would suc- ment of Fish and Game in Juneau, AK. ceed Bobbie Greene Kilberg. Currently Ms. Dawson serves as a consultant with Wiley, Rein & Fielding. June 9 George Deukmejian, of California, for a term expiring The President held morning meetings at the January 15, 1997. This is a reappointment. Currently White House with: Governor Deukmejian serves as partner with the law —the Vice President; Samuel K. Skinner, Chief firm of Sidley and Austin in Los Angeles, CA. of Staff to the President; Brent Scowcroft, As- William Anthony Duna, of Minnesota, for a term expir- sistant to the President for National Security ing January 15, 1997. This is a reappointment. Cur- Affairs; and members of the CIA briefing rently Mr. Duna serves as the owner of Bill Duna staff; Productions in Minneapolis, MN. —Samuel K. Skinner; Abraham H. Foxman, of New Jersey, for a term expir- —Foreign Minister Andrey Kozyrev of Russia. ing January 15, 1997. This is a reappointment. Cur- rently Mr. Foxman serves as national director of the In the afternoon, the President traveled to Anti-Defamation League of B’nai B’rith. Bowmansdale, PA, and returned to Washington, Harold Gershowitz, of Illinois, for the remainder of the DC, in the evening. term expiring January 15, 1994. He would succeed

1241 Appendix A / Administration of George Bush, 1992

Michael H. Moskow. Currently Mr. Gershowitz serves June 15 as senior vice president of Waste Management, Inc., The President met at the White House with: in Oak Brook, IL. Barbara George Gold, of Illinois, for a term expiring —the Vice President; Samuel K. Skinner, Chief January 15, 1997. She would succeed Philip Abrams. of Staff to the President; Brent Scowcroft, As- Currently Ms. Gold serves as midwestern director sistant to the President for National Security of the American ORT Federation in Chicago, IL. Affairs; and members of the CIA briefing Steven H. Goldberg, of New York, for a term expiring staff; January 15, 1997. He would succeed Matthew —Samuel K. Skinner. Brown. Currently Mr. Goldberg serves as president and founder of Campaign Telecommunications, Inc., In the evening, President and Mrs. Bush at- in New York, NY. tended a Republican National Committee Presi- Robert J. Horn, of Maryland, for a term expiring Janu- dential Trust fundraising dinner in Potomac, ary 15, 1997. This is a reappointment. Currently Mr. MD. Horn serves as assistant vice president and manager of Federal affairs for the Detroit Edison Co. in The President announced his intention to Washington, DC. nominate Joshua M. Javits, of the District of Co- Richard M. Rosenbaum, of New York, for a term expir- lumbia, to be a member of the National Medi- ing January 15, 1997. This a reappointment. Cur- ation Board for a term expiring July 1, 1995. rently Mr. Rosenbaum serves as a partner with the This is a reappointment. Currently Mr. Javits law firm of Nixon, Hargrave, Devans and Doyle in serves as a member of the National Mediation Rochester, NY. Board in Washington, DC. From 1985 to 1988, Sheila Rabb Weidenfeld, of the District of Columbia, Mr. Javits served on several permanent arbitra- for a term expiring January 15, 1997. This is a reappointment. Since 1978, Ms. Weidenfeld has served tion panels. He has also served as an attorney as president and chief executive officer of D.C. Pro- with the law firm of Cades, Schutte, Fleming ductions, Ltd., in Washington, DC. & Wright in Washington, DC, 1985–87. The President today announced his intention June 11 to appoint the following individuals to be mem- In the morning, the President and Mrs. Bush bers of the Advisory Council on Historic Preser- traveled to Panama City, Panama. Following an vation: arrival ceremony at Paitilla International Airport, the President met with President Guillermo Andrew H. Card, Jr., Secretary of Transportation. He Endara at the Presidential Palace. would succeed Samuel K. Skinner. In the afternoon, the President and Mrs. Bush Jane L.S. Davidson, of Pennsylvania, for a term expir- went to Plaza Belisario Porras, where demonstra- ing June 10, 1995. She would succeed Dennis F. Mullins. Currently Ms. Davidson serves as Chester tions prevented a scheduled ceremony from tak- County Historic Preservation officer in Westchester, ing place. PA. Late in the afternoon, the President and Mrs. Barnabas McHenry, of New York, for a term expiring Bush traveled to Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, to attend June 10, 1996. He would succeed Lucille Clarke the United Nations Conference on Environment Dumbrill. Currently Mr. McHenry serves as chair- and Development. man and member of various preservation and conservation as well as cultural organizations in New June 12 York, NY. In the morning, the President held a meeting Margaret Zuehlke Robson, of the District of Columbia, at the Sheraton Hotel and Towers with U.S. non- for a term expiring June 10, 1996. She would succeed governmental observers of the United Nations Lynn Kartavich. Ms. Robson is actively involved in Conference on Environment and Development. civic and community programs in Washington, DC. He then attended a session of the Conference at the Riocentro Conference Center and a lunch- June 16 eon with environmental leaders. The President met at the White House with: In the evening, the President and Mrs. Bush —the Vice President; Samuel K. Skinner, Chief attended a dinner with President Fernando of Staff to the President; Brent Scowcroft, As- Collor of Brazil and Mrs. Collor at Palacio sistant to the President for National Security Laranjeiras. Affairs; and members of the CIA briefing staff; June 13 —Samuel K. Skinner; In the afternoon, the President attended a re- —Secretary of the Treasury Nicholas F. Brady. ception and luncheon for heads of state and government at the Riocentro Conference Center in The President today announced his intention Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Later in the afternoon, to appoint: the President and Mrs. Bush departed for Wash- Don E. Newquist, of Texas, to be Chairman of the ington, DC, and arrived very early the next United States International Trade Commission for the morning. term expiring June 16, 1994. This is a reappointment.

1242 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / Appendix A

Mr. Newquist has served as a member of the Inter- The President declared a major disaster existed national Trade Commission since 1988. in the State of New Mexico and ordered Federal Peter S. Watson, of California, to be Vice Chairman aid to supplement State and local recovery ef- of the United States International Trade Commission for the term expiring June 16, 1994. He would suc- forts in the area struck by severe thunderstorms, ceed Anne E. Brunsdale. Since 1991, Mr. Watson hail, and flooding on May 22, 1992, through May has served as a member of the International Trade 25, 1992. Commission. Prior to this he served as Director of The President announced his intention to Asian Affairs at the National Security Council, 1989– nominate Malcolm S. Forbes, Jr., of New Jersey, 91. to be a member of the Board for International June 17 Broadcasting for a term expiring April 28, 1995. The President met at the White House with: This is a reappointment. Since 1985, Mr. Forbes —the Vice President; Samuel K. Skinner, Chief has served as Chairman of the Board for Inter- of Staff to the President; Brent Scowcroft, As- national Broadcasting. Currently Mr. Forbes sistant to the President for National Security serves as editor-in-chief, president, and chief ex- Affairs; and members of the CIA briefing ecutive officer of Forbes, Inc., and Forbes maga- staff; zine. —Samuel K. Skinner; —Secretary of State James A. Baker III. June 20 In the afternoon, President Bush and President In the morning, the President traveled from Boris Yeltsin of Russia traveled to Annapolis, Newport Beach, CA, to Universal City, CA, MD, where they cruised the Severn River. where he participated in a roundtable discussion with leaders of taxpayers organizations. He then June 18 traveled to Dallas, TX, where he was joined by In the morning, the President and Mrs. Bush Mrs. Bush. hosted a coffee at the White House for President In the afternoon, the President and Mrs. Bush and Mrs. Yeltsin. President Bush then met with returned to Andrews Air Force Base, MD, and the Vice President; Samuel K. Skinner, Chief of then went to Camp David, MD, for the remain- Staff to the President; Brent Scowcroft, Assistant der of the weekend. to the President for National Security Affairs; and members of the CIA briefing staff. June 22 Later in the morning, the President traveled In the morning, President and Mrs. Bush re- to Newark, CA. turned to the White House from Camp David, In the afternoon, the President met with MD. The President then met at the White northern California Republican leaders at the House with the Vice President; Samuel K. Skin- Newark Hilton Hotel. Following a Republican ner, Chief of Staff to the President; Brent Scow- fundraising dinner in Orinda, the President trav- croft, Assistant to the President for National Se- eled to Newport Beach, CA. curity Affairs; and members of the CIA briefing The President has selected the following indi- staff. The President then met separately with viduals to represent him at the closing cere- Samuel K. Skinner. monies of the summer Olympics in Barcelona, The President announced his intention to des- Spain: ignate Gary A. Glaser, of Ohio, to be Chair- Head of Delegation: person of the Credit Standards Advisory Com- Arnold Schwarzenegger mittee. Mr. Glaser was appointed to the Com- Delegates: mittee on January 1, 1991. Marvin Bush, of Virginia. The President announced his intention to ap- Margaret Bush, of Virginia. point the following individuals to be members Willard Heminway, of Connecticut. of the Risk Assessment and Management Com- Mary Lou Retton, of Texas. mission: Kristi Yamaguchi, of California. Barbara A. Bankoff, of the District of Columbia. This Greg Anthony, of Nevada. is a new position. Since 1989, Ms. Bankoff has served as president of Bankoff Associates in Washington, June 19 DC. In the morning, the President held roundtable Thorne G. Auchter, of Florida. This is a new position. discussions with Asian media representatives and Currently Mr. Auchter serves as director and chief Hispanic media representatives at the Four Sea- executive officer of the Institute for Regulatory Pol- sons Hotel in Newport Beach, CA. icy in Washington, DC. In the afternoon, the President attended a Anthony J. Thompson, of Maryland. This is a new posi- southern California Republican leadership meet- tion. Since 1987, Mr. Thompson has served as a parting at the Four Seasons Hotel. ner with the firm of Perkin Coie in Washington, DC.

1243 Appendix A / Administration of George Bush, 1992

June 23 Richard G. Darman, Director of the Office of Manage- The President met in the morning at the ment and Budget, for a term of 1 year. White House with the Vice President; Samuel Adm. Jonathan T. Howe, United States Navy, Deputy K. Skinner, Chief of Staff to the President; Brent Assistant to the President for National Security Af- Scowcroft, Assistant to the President for National fairs, for a term of 4 years. Security Affairs; and members of the CIA brief- The President announced his intention to des- ing staff; and in the afternoon with Samuel K. ignate D. Allan Bromley, Director of the Office Skinner. of Science and Technology Policy, to be Chair- In the evening, President and Mrs. Bush man of the Operating Committee of the Critical hosted a barbecue for White House news pho- Technologies Institute. Currently Dr. Bromley tographers on the South Lawn. serves as Assistant to the President and Director of the Office of Science and Technology Policy June 24 at the White House. The President met in the morning at the White House with: June 26 —Secretary of Transportation Andrew H. Card, The President held morning meetings at the Jr.; White House with: —the Vice President; Samuel K. Skinner, Chief —the Vice President; Samuel K. Skinner, Chief of Staff to the President; Brent Scowcroft, As- of Staff to the President; Brent Scowcroft, As- sistant to the President for National Security sistant to the President for National Security Affairs; and members of the CIA briefing Affairs; and members of the CIA briefing staff; staff; —Samuel K. Skinner. —Samuel K. Skinner; In the afternoon, the President met with Sec- —heads of Polish-American organizations; retary of State James A. Baker III. —Secretary of State James A. Baker III. The President announced his intention to ap- In the evening, the President met with Lt. point the following individuals to be members Paula Coughlin, USN. Later in the evening, the of the Martin Luther King, Jr., Federal Holiday President and Mrs. Bush traveled to Camp Commission for terms of 1 year: David, MD, for the weekend. Bob Martinez, Director of the Office of National Drug The President declared a major disaster existed Control Policy. This is a reappointment. in the State of Minnesota and ordered Federal Jack Kemp, Secretary of Housing and Urban Develop- aid to supplement State and local recovery ef- ment. This is a reappointment. forts in the area struck by severe storms, flood- William S. Sessions, Director of the Federal Bureau ing, and tornadoes on June 16–20. of Investigation. This is a reappointment. The President has selected the following individuals to represent him at the inauguration of June 25 Philippine President Fidel Ramos, June 30: The President met at the White House with: —the Vice President; Samuel K. Skinner, Chief Head of Delegation: of Staff to the President; Brent Scowcroft, As- Elaine Chao, of California. Currently Ms. Chao serves sistant to the President for National Security as Director of the Peace Corps. Affairs; and members of the CIA briefing Delegates: staff; Elliot Richardson, of Massachusetts. Mr. Richardson —the Vice President, for lunch; currently serves as Special Representative of the —Samuel K. Skinner; President for the Multilateral Assistance Initiative. —White House fellows; Oscar Domodon, of California. Currently Dr. —Dr. Donald W. Ingwerson, National School Domodon is a dentist in Long Beach, CA, and is Superintendent of the Year. State chairman of the Filipino-American Republican Council of California. In the late afternoon, the President hosted a reception for the New American Schools Devel- June 28 opment Corp. on the State Floor. In the afternoon, the President and Mrs. Bush The President announced his intention to ap- returned to the White House from a weekend point the following individuals as members of stay at Camp David, MD. the Operating Committee of the Critical Tech- nologies Institute. These are new positions: June 29 Nicholas F. Brady, Secretary of the Treasury, for a In the morning, the President met at the term of 2 years. White House with the Vice President; Samuel Michael J. Boskin, Chairman of the Council of Eco- K. Skinner, Chief of Staff to the President; Brent nomic Advisers, for a term of 3 years. Scowcroft, Assistant to the President for National

1244 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / Appendix A

Security Affairs; and members of the CIA brief- cert, the President and Mrs. Bush returned to ing staff. The President then traveled to New the White House. York City where he attended a briefing at the Drug Enforcement Administration and held a July 2 roundtable discussion with New York State Con- The President held morning meetings at the servative Party members at the New York Hilton White House with the Vice President; Samuel Hotel. K. Skinner, Chief of Staff to the President; Brent In the afternoon, the President traveled to De- Scowcroft, Assistant to the President for National troit, MI, where he attended an early evening Security Affairs; and members of the CIA brief- reception with the Michigan Team 100 at the ing staff. Westin Hotel. In the afternoon, the President made a con- In the evening, the President returned to ference call from the Oval Office to Bush-Quayle Washington, DC. campaign and Republican Party leaders. In the evening, the President went to Camp June 30 David, MD. The President held morning meetings at the White House with: The President declared a major disaster existed —Gen. John Galvin, USA; in the State of California and ordered Federal —the Vice President; Samuel K. Skinner, Chief aid to supplement State and local recovery ef- of Staff to the President; Brent Scowcroft, As- forts in the area struck by earthquakes and con- sistant to the President for National Security tinuing aftershocks that began on June 28. Affairs; and members of the CIA briefing The President also declared a major disaster staff; existed in the State of South Dakota and ordered —William J. Althouse of the U.S. Conference Federal aid to supplement State and local recov- of Mayors; ery efforts in the area struck by severe storms, —Ambassador Malcolm Toon. tornadoes, and flooding on June 13–23. The White House announced that President In the afternoon, the President met with Sam- Bush will meet with President Carlos Salinas of uel K. Skinner. Mexico in San Diego on July 14. In the evening, the President and Mrs. Bush hosted a picnic for the Diplomatic Corps on the July 4 South Lawn. In the morning, the President traveled from The President announced that in keeping with Camp David, MD, to Andrews Air Force Base, his America 2000 education initiative, two his- MD, and then on to Daytona Beach, FL. torically black colleges, Clark-Atlanta University In the afternoon, the President traveled to and Morris Brown College, have been selected to perform information science and training re- Faith, NC. search under the Army’s Centers of Excellence In the evening, after returning to Andrews Air program. Force Base, MD, the President was joined by Mrs. Bush, and they traveled to Warsaw, Poland. July 1 The President held morning meetings at the July 5 White House with: After their morning arrival in Warsaw, the —the Vice President; Samuel K. Skinner, Chief President and Mrs. Bush attended an arrival of Staff to the President; Brent Scowcroft, As- ceremony at the Royal Castle. Following a meet- sistant to the President for National Security ing with President Lech Walesa, President Bush Affairs; and members of the CIA briefing met with other Polish officials. staff; In the early afternoon, the President and Mrs. —domestic advisers; Bush attended a memorial service for Ignacy Pa- —Samuel K. Skinner. derewski at St. John’s Basilica Church. After the Following their afternoon meeting, the Presi- service, the President and Mrs. Bush met with dent and Prime Minister Kiichi Miyazawa of Cardinal Josef Glemp. Later, the President and Japan went to Camp David, MD, for private talks Mrs. Bush participated in a departure ceremony and dinner. in the courtyard of the Royal Castle. In the mid- In the evening, the President and Prime Min- afternoon, the President and Mrs. Bush traveled ister Miyazawa traveled from Camp David, MD, to Munich, Germany. to the Capital Center in Landover, MD, where In the evening, President Bush had dinner they were joined by Mrs. Bush and attended a with President Franc¸ois Mitterrand of France at concert by Luciano Pavarotti. Following the con- the Sheraton Hotel in Munich.

1245 Appendix A / Administration of George Bush, 1992

July 6 The President later attended the opening cere- In the morning, the President met at the Mu- mony and morning session of the Conference nich Sheraton Hotel with Prime Minister on Security and Cooperation in Europe (CSCE) Giuliano Amato of Italy. He later attended a at the Helsinki Fair Center. He then met with: working breakfast with Chancellor Helmut Kohl —NATO Secretary General Manfred Woerner; of Germany at the Vier Jahreszeiten Hotel. After —President Alija Izetbegovic of Bosnia; returning to the Sheraton Hotel, the President —Prime Minister Suleyman Demirel of Tur- attended a signing ceremony at which Gov. Car- key. roll A. Campbell of South Carolina and Eberhard After a working luncheon, the President at- von Kuenheim, chairman of the board of BMW, tended the second session of the CSCE. He then signed a declaration regarding the construction met with President Leonid Kravchuk of Ukraine of a BMW plant in South Carolina. Following and President Stanislav Shushkevich of Byelarus. an arrival ceremony at the Residenz, the Presi- In the evening, the President and Mrs. Bush dent attended a luncheon hosted by Chancellor attended a state dinner at the Presidential Palace Kohl at the Spatenhaus Restaurant. hosted by President and Mrs. Mauno Koivisto In the afternoon, the President attended the of Finland. opening session of the economic summit at the The President announced his intention to ap- Residenz. point Bruce M. Todd, Mayor of Austin, TX, to In the evening, the President attended a re- be a member of the Advisory Commission on ception and dinner hosted by Chancellor Kohl Intergovernmental Relations for a term of 2 at Nymphenburg Castle. years. He would succeed Donald M. Fraser. The President appointed James O. Campbell, The President announced his intention to ap- of Alaska, to be a member of the Arctic Research point J. Alfred Rider, of California, to be a mem- Commission for a term expiring February 26, ber of the President’s Committee on Mental Re- 1996. He would succeed Elmer E. Rasmuson. tardation for a term expiring May 11, 1994. This Currently Mr. Campbell serves as president and is a reappointment. chief executive officer of the Alaska Commercial The White House announced that the Presi- Corp. dent has directed Marion Clifton Blakey, of Mis- July 7 sissippi, Assistant Secretary of Transportation for After meeting at the Munich Sheraton Hotel Public Affairs, to perform the duties of the Of- with President Jacques Delors of the European fice of Administrator of the National Highway Community, President Bush attended morning Traffic Safety Administration. sessions of the economic summit at the Residenz. The White House announced that the Presi- After a luncheon meeting with heads of delega- dent has submitted to the Congress requests for tions, the President attended another session of FY 1992 appropriations for the Departments of the economic summit. Defense, Housing and Urban Development, Jus- In the evening, the President and Mrs. Bush tice, Labor, and Veterans Affairs; the Commis- attended a reception and ballet hosted by the sion on Civil Rights; the Equal Employment Op- Chancellor and Mrs. Kohl and a dinner hosted portunity Commission; and the National Com- by Minister President Max Streibl of Bavaria and mission on Libraries and Information Science. Mrs. Streibl at the Residenz. The President also submitted amendments to FY 1993 requests for the Departments of Defense, July 8 Energy, Health and Human Services, and the The President attended the morning session Treasury; the Office of Personnel Management; of the economic summit at the Residenz in Mu- the Commission on Civil Rights; and the Equal nich. Employment Opportunity Commission. In addi- After a luncheon hosted by President and Mrs. tion, the President transmitted three FY 1993 Richard von Weizsa¨cker of Germany, President requests for the legislative and judicial branches. Bush and other heads of delegations to the economic summit met with President Boris Yeltsin July 10 of Russia. In the morning, after meeting with President In the evening, the President and Mrs. Bush Koivisto at the Presidential Palace in Helsinki, traveled to Helsinki, Finland. President Bush went to the Helsinki Fair Center for the CFE–1A agreement signing and the final July 9 CSCE sessions. Between the sessions, President In the morning, the President met at the Bush met with President Arnold Ruutel of Esto- Guest House in Helsinki with Prime Minister nia, President Anatolijs Gorbunovs of Latvia, and Constantine Mitsotakis of Greece and Chairman President Vytautas Landsbergis of Lithuania. The Eduard Shevardnadze of the Republic of Geor- President and Mrs. Bush then traveled to gia. Kennebunkport, ME, for the weekend.

1246 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / Appendix A

July 13 vice-president and director, 1962; chairman of the The President appointed the following individ- board, 1970; and chairman emeritus after his retire- uals to be members of the Advisory Committee ment in 1979. for Trade Policy and Negotiations for terms of Edward Morgan Paluso, of Pennsylvania. He would 2 years: succeed Steven Reimers. Since 1972, Mr. Paluso has served as County Commissioner of Washington Georgette Mosbacher, of Texas. She would succeed County, PA. Barbara Hackman Franklin. Currently Ms. Mosbacher serves as president and chief executive The President announced his intention to ap- officer of Georgette Mosbacher Enterprises. point Jack Steel, of Texas, to be a member of George M.C. Fisher, of Illinois. He would succeed the Commission on Presidential Scholars. He Robert Galvin. Since 1990, Mr. Fisher has served would succeed Fran Chiles. as chairman of the board and chief executive officer of Motorola, Inc. July 16 P. Roy Vagelos, of New Jersey. He would succeed Ed- The President announced his intention to ap- ward T. Pratt. Since 1985, Dr. Vagelos has served point the following individuals to be members as chairman, president, and chief executive officer of the President’s Committee on the National of Merck & Co., Inc. Medal of Science: Walter Y. Elisha, of North Carolina. He would succeed Richard M. Morrow. Currently Mr. Elisha serves as Edward A. Frieman, of California, for a term expiring chairman, chief executive officer, and a director of December 31, 1993. He would succeed David R. Springs Industries. Challoner. He will be designated Chairman. Since Michael A. Miles, of New York. He would succeed 1986, Dr. Frieman has served as director of the Allen F. Jacobson. Currently Mr. Miles serves as Scripps Institute of Oceanography in La Jolla, CA. chairman of the board and chief executive officer Edward C. Stone, Jr., of California, for a term expiring of Philip Morris Co., Inc. December 31, 1994. He would succeed Roland H. Ralph S. Larsen, of New Jersey. He would succeed Carlson. Currently Dr. Stone serves as Director of Philip E. Lippincott. Currently Mr. Larsen serves the Jet Propulsion Laboratory in Pasadena, CA. as chairman of the board and chief executive officer George H. Heilmeier, of New Jersey, for a term expir- of Johnson & Johnson. ing December 31, 1994. He would succeed Carl O. Thomas G. Labrecque, of New Jersey. He would suc- Bostrom. Currently Dr. Heilmeier serves as presi- ceed A.W. Clausen. Currently Mr. Labrecque serves dent and chief executive officer of Bellcore (Bell as chairman and chief executive officer and member Communications Research) in Livingston, NJ. of the board of directors of the Chase Manhattan Corp. July 17 In the morning, the President traveled from July 14 Boulder, WY, to Jackson, WY. In the morning, the President traveled from In the afternoon, the President traveled to Salt Kennebunkport, ME, to Bakersfield, CA, and on Lake City, UT, where he met with Mormon to Sequoia National Forest. While there, the Church leaders at the Latter-day Saints head- President hiked, held a roundtable discussion quarters and with Utah Republican leaders at with outdoor magazine editors, and had lunch the Marriott Hotel. with youth from R.M. Pyles Boys Camp. In the afternoon, the President traveled to San July 18 Diego, CA, where he met with President Carlos In the morning, the President traveled from Salinas of Mexico. The two Presidents then at- Salt Lake City, UT, to Provo, UT. In the after- tended the Major League All-Star Baseball Game noon, he traveled from Utah to Hagerstown, at Jack Murphy Stadium. MD, and then on to Camp David, MD, for the In the evening, the President traveled to Boul- remainder of the weekend. der, WY, to Secretary of State James A. Baker’s ranch. July 19 The White House announced that President In the evening, the President returned to the Bush ordered the general counsel of his cam- White House from Camp David, MD. paign to file a complaint with the Federal Elec- tion Commission against Floyd Brown and his July 20 Presidential Victory Campaign. The President held meetings at the White The President nominated the following individ- House with: uals to be members of the Advisory Board of —the Vice President; Samuel K. Skinner, Chief the Saint Lawrence Seaway Development Cor- of Staff to the President; Brent Scowcroft, As- poration: sistant to the President for National Security Sterling G. Sechrist, of Ohio. He would succeed Virgil Affairs; and members of the CIA briefing E. Brown. Since 1950, Mr. Sechrist has served with staff. Bank One of Medina County in Wadsworth, OH, —the Vice President, for lunch; as vice-president and trust officer, 1952; executive —domestic advisers;

1247 Appendix A / Administration of George Bush, 1992

—economic advisers; July 24 —Secretary of the Treasury Nicholas F. Brady; The President held morning meetings at the —Samuel K. Skinner. White House with: In the evening, the President spoke by satellite —domestic advisers; from a video services studio in Washington, DC, —the Vice President; Samuel K. Skinner, Chief to Bush-Quayle national campaign volunteers, of Staff to the President; Brent Scowcroft, As- leaders, and supporters. sistant to the President for National Security Affairs; and members of the CIA briefing July 21 staff. The President held morning meetings at the Later in the morning, the President traveled White House with: to Brookville, OH. —the Vice President; Samuel K. Skinner, Chief In the afternoon, the President traveled to of Staff to the President; Brent Scowcroft, As- Dayton, OH, where he attended a Republican sistant to the President for National Security leadership meeting. He then went to Columbia, Affairs; and members of the CIA briefing MO. staff; In the evening, the President traveled to Ha- —the leadership of the National Conference of gerstown, MD, and then on to Camp David, Black Mayors. MD, for the weekend. Later in the morning, the President traveled to Philadelphia, PA. In the afternoon, the Presi- July 26 dent traveled to Garfield, NJ, and then returned In the afternoon, the President returned to the to Washington, DC. White House from a weekend stay at Camp David, MD. July 22 The President held morning meetings at the July 27 White House with: The President held morning meetings at the —domestic advisers; White House with: —the Vice President; Samuel K. Skinner, Chief —domestic advisers; of Staff to the President; Brent Scowcroft, As- —the Vice President; Samuel K. Skinner, Chief sistant to the President for National Security of Staff to the President; Brent Scowcroft, As- Affairs; and members of the CIA briefing sistant to the President for National Security staff. Affairs; and members of the CIA briefing staff. In the afternoon, the President again met with domestic advisers. Later in the morning, the President traveled The President announced his intention to ap- to Wyoming, MI, where he toured the Holland point Leo Melamed, of Illinois, to be a member American Wafer Co. plant and had lunch with of the United States Holocaust Memorial Coun- the employees. cil for the remainder of the term expiring Janu- In the afternoon, the President traveled to ary 15, 1995. He would succeed William Alexan- Neenah, WI, where he toured the Outlook der Scott III. Since 1965, Mr. Melamed has Graphics Corp. plant with students of the youth served as chairman of Dellsher Investment Co., apprenticeship program. Inc., in Chicago, IL. From 1976 to 1990, he Later in the afternoon, the President returned served as special counsel to the board of the to Washington, DC. Chicago Mercantile Exchange as well as chair- In the evening, the President met at the White man of the executive committee from 1985 to House with national security advisers. 1990. The President announced his intention to appoint the following individuals as members of July 23 the Cultural Property Advisory Committee: The President held morning meetings at the Jack A. Josephson, of New York, for a term expiring White House with: April 25, 1995. This is a reappointment. Mr. Joseph- —domestic advisers; son will be designated Chairman. From 1979 to —the Vice President; Samuel K. Skinner, Chief 1986, Mr. Josephson served as president of Sellers of Staff to the President; Brent Scowcroft, As- and Josephson, Inc. sistant to the President for National Security Harold Mark Keshishian, of Maryland, for a term expir- Affairs; and members of the CIA briefing ing April 25, 1995. This is a reappointment. Since staff. 1985, Mr. Keshishian has served as president of Mark Keshishian & Sons. In the afternoon, the President met with Sam- Frederick William Lange, of Colorado, for a term expir- uel K. Skinner. ing April 25, 1995. This is a reappointment. Since

1248 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / Appendix A

1986, Dr. Lange has served as curator of anthropol- conducting super collider facility. He then trav- ogy and director of the Center for Central American eled to Orange County, CA. Art and Archaeology at the University of Colorado. In the evening, the President attended a Presi- Richard Stockton MacNeish, of Massachusetts, for a term expiring April 25, 1993. He would succeed Les- dential Trust reception and dinner in private lie Elizabeth Wildesen. Since 1986, Dr. MacNeish residences in Los Angeles. has served as director of the Andover Foundation The President received a report of the Presi- for Archaeological Research. dential Task Force on Los Angeles Recovery. The Task Force was set up by the President July 28 after the Los Angeles riots to help speed the The President met at the White House with: delivery of services to Los Angeles. The report —domestic advisers; contained a six-point action plan designed to help —congressional leaders; —the Vice President; Samuel K. Skinner, Chief the people of Los Angeles rebuild their neigh- of Staff to the President; Brent Scowcroft, As- borhoods and address the problems of crime, sistant to the President for National Security lack of educational opportunities, welfare de- Affairs; and members of the CIA briefing pendency, and lack of jobs. staff; The President has selected the following indi- —Samuel K. Skinner. viduals to represent him at the inauguration ceremony for President-elect Sixto Duran-Ballen In the afternoon, the President attended a of Ecuador, August 10: Presidential lecture series presentation in the East Room. Head of Delegation: The President declared a major disaster existed Governor Bob Martinez, of Florida. Currently Gov- in the State of Arkansas and ordered Federal ernor Martinez serves as Director of the Office of aid to supplement State and local recovery ef- National Drug Control Policy. forts in the area struck by severe thunderstorms and high winds on June 14–19. Delegates: Kim Flower, of New York. Currently Ms. Flower serves July 29 as executive vice president of the Americas Society In the morning, the President met at the and Managing Director of the Council of the Ameri- White House with: cas. Prior to this, she served as Director of Latin —domestic advisers; American Affairs at the National Security Council, —the Vice President; Samuel K. Skinner, Chief 1987–88. of Staff to the President; Brent Scowcroft, As- Tirso Del Junco, of California. Dr. Del Junco is vice sistant to the President for National Security chairman of the California Republican Party. Affairs; and members of the CIA briefing Dr. and Mrs. Walter F. Abendschein, of Maryland. staff; —Gov. Carroll A. Campbell of South Carolina; July 31 —Attorney General William P. Barr; In the morning, the President visited the —the Vice President, for lunch. Greater Avenues of Independence Headquarters in Los Angeles for a briefing and tour. In the afternoon, the President met at the In midmorning, the President traveled to An- White House with: drews Air Force Base, MD, and then went to —Secretary of State James A. Baker III; Camp David, MD. —domestic advisers; —economic advisers; The President announced his intention to ap- —Samuel K. Skinner. point Wayne Allard, of Colorado, to serve in an advisory capacity on the Board of Trustees of July 30 the James Madison Memorial Fellowship Foun- In the morning, the President traveled to dation for a term expiring December 12, 1996. Waxahachie, TX, where he toured the super- He would succeed Paul B. Henry.

1249

Appendix B—Nominations Submitted to the Senate

The following list does not include promotions Submitted January 27 of members of the Uniformed Services, nominations to the Service Academies, or nominations Barbara Hackman Franklin, of Foreign Service officers. of Pennsylvania, to be Secretary of Commerce. Edward E. Carnes, Submitted January 22 of Alabama, to be U.S. Circuit Judge for the Eleventh Circuit, vice Frank M. Johnson, Jr., re- The following named persons to be Associate tired. Judges of the Superior Court of the District of Columbia for the term of 15 years: Sidney A. Fitzwater, Stephanie Duncan-Peters, of the District of Co- of Texas, to be U.S. Circuit Judge for the Fifth lumbia, vice Warren Roger King, elevated. Circuit, vice Thomas Gibbs Gee, retired. Ann O’Regan Keary, of the District of Colum- John G. Roberts, Jr., bia, vice George H. Goodrich, retired. of Maryland, to be U.S. Circuit Judge for the Judith E. Retchin, of the District of Columbia, District of Columbia Circuit, vice Clarence vice Bruce S. Mencher, retired. Thomas, elevated. William M. Jackson, of the District of Colum- bia, vice William Courtleigh Gardner, retired. John A. Smietanka, of Michigan, to be U.S. Circuit Judge for the The following named persons to be members of Sixth Circuit (new position). the Peace Corps National Advisory Council for Karen J. Williams, the terms indicated: of South Carolina, to be U.S. Circuit Judge for Eugene C. Johnson, of Maryland, for a term the Fourth Circuit, vice Robert F. Chapman, re- expiring October 6, 1992, vice Gary Dale tired. Robinson. Tahlman Krumm, Jr., of Ohio, for a term expir- Kenneth R. Carr, ing October 6, 1993 (reappointment). of Texas, to be U.S. District Judge for the West- ern District of Texas (new position). Salvador Lew, James W. Jackson, of Florida, to be a member of the Advisory of Ohio, to be U.S. District Judge for the North- Board for Cuba Broadcasting for a term of 2 ern District of Ohio, vice Richard B. McQuade, years (new position). Jr., resigned. Submitted January 23 Terral R. Smith, of Texas, to be U.S. District Judge for the West- The following named persons to be members of ern District of Texas (new position). the General Advisory Committee of the U.S. Arms Control and Disarmament Agency: Jack W. Selden, Anne Armstrong, of Texas, vice Harriet Fast of Alabama, to be U.S. Attorney for the Northern Scott, resigned. District of Alabama for the term of 4 years, vice James Alan Abrahamson, of California, vice Frank W. Donaldson, term expired. Robert B. Hotz, resigned. Shirley D. Peterson, Harold M. Agnew, of California, vice John P. of Maryland, to be Commissioner of Internal Roche, resigned. Revenue, vice Fred T. Goldberg, Jr., resigned. Juan A. Benitez, of Idaho, vice Jaime Oaxaca, resigned. Fred T. Goldberg, Jr., James H. Binns, Jr., of Pennsylvania, vice of Missouri, to be an Assistant Secretary of the Francis P. Hoeber, resigned. Treasury, vice Kenneth W. Gideon, resigned. George A. Carver, Jr., of Virginia, vice Charles The following named persons to be members of Burton Marshall, resigned. the Board of Directors of the State Justice Insti- Marjorie S. Holt, of Maryland (reappointment). tute for terms expiring September 17, 1994:

1251 Appendix B / Administration of George Bush, 1992

David Brock, of New Hampshire, vice Clement Darryl Norman Johnson, Clay Torbert, Jr., term expired. of Washington, a career member of the Senior Vivi L. Dilweg, of Wisconsin (reappointment). Foreign Service, class of Minister-Counselor, to Carlos R. Garza, of Texas, vice Daniel John be Ambassador Extraordinary and Pleni- Meador, term expired. potentiary of the United States of America to Lithuania. The following named persons to be members of the Board of Regents of the Uniformed Services Ints M. Silins, University of the Health Sciences for terms ex- of Virginia, a career member of the Senior For- piring June 20, 1997: eign Service, class of Counselor, to be Ambas- John E. Connolly, of California, vice Sam A. sador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary of the Nixon, term expired. United States of America to Latvia. William D. Skelton, of Georgia, vice Mario Efrain Ramirez, resigned. Herman Jay Cohen, an Assistant Secretary of State, to be a member Submitted January 30 of the Board of Directors of the African Devel- opment Foundation for a term expiring Septem- Andrew H. Card, Jr., ber 22, 1997 (reappointment). of Massachusetts, to be Secretary of Transpor- tation. Submitted February 18 Shirley Gray Adamovich, George J. Terwilliger III, of New Hampshire, to be a member of the Na- of Vermont, to be Deputy Attorney General, vice tional Commission on Libraries and Information William Pelham Barr. Science for a term expiring July 19, 1996, vice Raymond J. Petersen, term expired. Marc Allen Baas, of Florida, a career member of the Senior For- John Agresto, eign Service, class of Minister-Counselor, to be of New Mexico, to be a member of the National Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary of Advisory Council on Educational Research and the United States of America to Ethiopia. Improvement for a term expiring September 30, Kenneth C. Rogers, 1992, vice Max Charles Graeber, term expired. of New Jersey, to be a member of the Nuclear Shirley Chilton-O’Dell, Regulatory Commission for the term of 5 years of California, to be a member of the Federal expiring June 30, 1997 (reappointment). Retirement Thrift Investment Board for a term Submitted February 21 expiring September 25, 1994, vice Richard H. Headlee, term expired. Vice Admiral William O. Studeman, U.S. Navy, to be Deputy Director of Central Hugh Hardy, Intelligence, and to have the rank of Admiral of New York, to be a member of the National while so serving. Council on the Arts for a term expiring Septem- ber 3, 1996, vice M. Ray Kingston, term expired. Submitted February 25 Wells B. McCurdy, William Bailey, of Washington, to be a member of the Board of Connecticut, to be a member of the National of Directors of the Overseas Private Investment Council on the Arts for a term expiring Septem- Corporation for a term expiring December 17, ber 3, 1996, vice Helen Frankenthaler, term ex- 1993, vice Evan Griffith Galbraith, term expired. pired. Ian M. Ross, Submitted February 27 of New Jersey, to be a member of the National Science Board, National Science Foundation, for Joseph Gerard Sullivan, a term expiring May 10, 1998 (reappointment). of Virginia, a career member of the Senior For- eign Service, class of Minister-Counselor, to be Submitted February 14 Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary of the United States of America to the Republic Robert C. Frasure, of Nicaragua. of West Virginia, a career member of the Senior Foreign Service, class of Counselor, to be Am- Stephen Norris, bassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary of of Virginia, to be a member of the Federal Re- the United States of America to Estonia. tirement Thrift Investment Board for a term ex-

1252 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / Appendix B piring October 11, 1994, vice Stephen E. Bell, Submitted March 20 term expired. Michael Boudin, Submitted March 3 of Massachusetts, to be U.S. Circuit Judge for the First Circuit, vice Levin H. Campbell, re- Wayne A. Budd, tired. of Massachusetts, to be Associate Attorney Gen- eral, vice Francis Anthony Keating II, resigned. Dennis G. Jacobs, of New York, to be U.S. Circuit Judge for the Alvin A. Schall, Second Circuit, vice Wilfred Feinberg, retired. of Maryland, to be U.S. Circuit Judge for the Federal Circuit, vice Edward S. Smith, retired. Justin P. Wilson, of Tennessee, to be U.S. Circuit Judge for the Submitted March 4 Sixth Circuit, vice Robert B. Krupansky, retired.

Carl J. Kunasek, Richard H. Kyle, of Arizona, to be Commissioner on Navajo and of Minnesota, to be U.S. District Judge for the Hopi Relocation, Office of Navajo and Hopi In- District of Minnesota, vice Robert G. Renner, dian Relocation, for a term of 2 years (reappoint- retired. ment). C. LeRoy Hansen, Roger L. Wollman, of New Mexico, to be U.S. District Judge for of South Dakota, to be a member of the United the District of New Mexico (new position). States Sentencing Commission for a term expiring October 31, 1997, vice George E. John G. Heyburn II, MacKinnon, term expired. of Kentucky, to be U.S. District Judge for the Western District of Kentucky, vice Thomas A. Submitted March 10 Ballantine, Jr., deceased.

Federico A. Moreno, Gordon J. Quist, of Florida, to be U.S. Circuit Judge for the Elev- of Michigan, to be U.S. District Judge for the enth Circuit, vice Paul H. Roney, retired. Western District of Michigan (new position).

Susan H. Black, Paul L. Shechtman, of Florida, to be U.S. Circuit Judge for the Elev- of New York, to be U.S. District Judge for the enth Circuit, vice Thomas A. Clark, retired. Southern District of New York, vice Richard Owen, retired. I. Lewis Libby, Jr., of the District of Columbia, to be Deputy Under Percy Anderson, Secretary of Defense for Policy (new position). of California, to be U.S. District Judge for the Central District of California, vice Robert C. James B. Huff, Sr., Bonner, resigned. of Mississippi, to be Administrator of the Rural Electrification Administration for a term of 10 Lawrence O. Davis, years, vice Gary C. Byrne, resigned. of Missouri, to be U.S. District Judge for the Eastern District of Missouri (new position). Submitted March 12 Andrew S. Hanen, Gregori Lebedev, of Texas, to be U.S. District Judge for the South- of Virginia, to be Inspector General, Department ern District of Texas (new position). of Defense, vice Susan J. Crawford. Joe Kendall, Submitted March 13 of Texas, to be U.S. District Judge for the North- ern District of Texas (new position). Vicki Ann O’Meara, of Illinois, to be an Assistant Attorney General, Russell T. Lloyd, vice Richard Burleson Stewart, resigned. of Texas, to be U.S. District Judge for the South- ern District of Texas (new position). Edward J. Damich, of Virginia, to be a Commissioner of the Copy- Linda H. McLaughlin, right Royalty Tribunal for a term of 7 years, vice of California, to be U.S. District Judge for the J.C. Argetsinger, term expired. Central District of California (new position).

1253 Appendix B / Administration of George Bush, 1992

Lee H. Rosenthal, F. Albert Cotton, of Texas (reappointment). of Texas, to be U.S. District Judge for the South- Charles Edward Hess, of California, vice John ern District of Texas (new position). C. Hancock, term expiring. John Hopcroft, of New York, vice Frederick John F. Walter, Phillips Brooks, Jr., term expiring. of California, to be U.S. District Judge for the Central District of California (new position). James L. Powell, of Pennsylvania (reappointment). Daniel S. Goldin, Frank H.T. Rhodes, of New York (reappoint- of California, to be Administrator of the National ment). Aeronautics and Space Administration, vice Rich- Richard Neil Zare, of California (reappoint- ard Harrison Truly, resigned. ment).

Submitted March 24 Submitted April 1

Thomas R. Pickering, Wade F. Horn, of New Jersey, a career member of the Senior of Maryland, to be Deputy Director for Demand Foreign Service, with the personal rank of Ca- reer Ambassador, to be Ambassador Extraor- Reduction, Office of National Drug Control Pol- dinary and Plenipotentiary of the United States icy, vice Herbert D. Kleber, resigned. of America to India. Charles A. Banks, Gene E. Voigts, of Arkansas, to be U.S. District Judge for the of Missouri, to be U.S. District Judge for the Eastern District of Arkansas, vice G. Thomas Western District of Missouri, vice Scott O. Eisele, retired. Wright, retired. Alfred V. Covello, David Spears Addington, of Connecticut, to be U.S. District Judge for the of Virginia, to be General Counsel of the Depart- District of Connecticut (new position). ment of Defense, vice Terrence O’Donnell, resigned. Carol E. Jackson, of Missouri, to be U.S. District Judge for the Duane Acker, Eastern District of Missouri, vice William L. of Virginia, to be an Assistant Secretary of Agri- Hungate, retired. culture, vice Charles E. Hess, resigned. Irene M. Keeley, Bruno Victor Manno, of Ohio, to be Assistant Secretary of Education of West Virginia, to be U.S. District Judge for for Policy and Planning, vice Charles E.M. Kolb, the Northern District of West Virginia (new posi- resigned. tion). Thomas P. Kerester, Jerome B. Simandle, of Virginia, to be Chief Counsel for Advocacy, of New Jersey, to be U.S. District Judge for the Small Business Administration, vice Frank S. District of New Jersey (new position). Swain, resigned. Submitted April 2 Submitted March 26 Lauralee M. Peters, Manuel H. Quintana, of Virginia, a career member of the Senior For- of New York, to be U.S. District Judge for the eign Service, class of Minister-Counselor, to be Southern District of New York, a new position Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary of created by P.L. 101–650, approved December the United States of America to the Republic 1, 1990. of Sierra Leone. Richard Neil Zare, Lourdes G. Baird, of California, to be a member of the National Science Board, National Science Foundation, for of California, to be U.S. District Judge for the the remainder of the term expiring May 10, Central District of California (new position). 1992, vice Mary Lowe Good, resigned. Robert D. Hunter, The following named persons to be members of of Alabama, to be U.S. District Judge for the the National Science Board, National Science Northern District of Alabama, vice E. B. Haltom, Foundation, for terms expiring May 10, 1998: Jr., retired.

1254 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / Appendix B

Maureen E. Mahoney, Submitted April 9 of Virginia, to be U.S. District Judge for the Eastern District of Virginia, vice Albert V. Bryan, Irma E. Gonzalez, Jr., retired. of California, to be U.S. District Judge for the Southern District of California, vice J. Lawrence Joan M. McEntee, Irving, resigned. of New York, to be Under Secretary of Com- Hume Alexander Horan, merce for Export Administration, vice Dennis of the District of Columbia, a career member Edward Kloske, resigned. of the Senior Foreign Service, class of Career Submitted April 7 Minister, to be Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary of the United States of America Richard G. Kopf, to the Republic of Cote d’Ivoire. of Nebraska, to be U.S. District Judge for the Kenton Wesley Keith, District of Nebraska, vice Warren K. Urbom, re- of Missouri, a career member of the Senior For- tired. eign Service, class of Minister-Counselor, to be James S. Mitchell, Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary of the United States of America to the State of of Nebraska, to be U.S. District Judge for the Qatar. District of Nebraska (new position). Donald K. Petterson, Marvin H. Kosters, of California, a career member of the Senior of Virginia, to be Commissioner of Labor Statis- Foreign Service, class of Minister-Counselor, to tics, U.S. Department of Labor, for a term of be Ambassador Extraordinary and Pleni- 4 years, vice Janet L. Norwood, term expired. potentiary of the United States of America to the Republic of the Sudan. Carl W. Vogt, of Maryland, to be a member of the National Christian R. Holmes IV, Transportation Safety Board for the term expir- of California, to be an Assistant Administrator ing December 31, 1996, vice James L. Kolstad, of the Environmental Protection Agency, vice term expired. Charles L. Grizzle, resigned.

Carl W. Vogt, Christian R. Holmes IV, of Maryland, to be Chairman of the National of California, to be Chief Financial Officer, Envi- Transportation Safety Board for a term of 2 ronmental Protection Agency (new position). years, vice James L. Kolstad, term expired. Daniel A. Sumner, Brig. Gen. Pat M. Stevens IV, of North Carolina, to be an Assistant Secretary U.S. Army, to be a member and President of of Agriculture, vice Bruce L. Gardner, resigned. the Mississippi River Commission, vice Arthur Daniel A. Sumner, E. Williams. of North Carolina, to be a member of the Board Brig. Gen. Albert J. Genetti, Jr., of Directors of the Commodity Credit Corpora- U.S. Army, to be a member of the Mississippi tion, vice Bruce L. Gardner. River Commission, vice Paul Y. Chinen. Carol Johnson Johns, of Maryland, to be a member of the Board of Submitted April 8 Regents of the Uniformed Services University of William Dean Hansen, the Health Sciences for a term expiring June of Idaho, to be Chief Financial Officer, Depart- 20, 1997 (reappointment). ment of Education, vice John Theodore Sanders, Virginia Stanley Douglas, resigned. of California, to be a member of the Board of Directors of the National Institute of Building Emerson J. Elliott, Sciences for a term expiring September 7, 1993, of Virginia, to be Commissioner of Education vice MacDonald G. Becket, term expired. Statistics, Department of Education, for a term expiring June 20, 1995 (new position). Norman H. Stahl, of New Hampshire, to be U.S. Circuit Judge for the First Circuit, vice David H. Souter, elevated.

1255 Appendix B / Administration of George Bush, 1992

Joseph A. DiClerico, Jr., Linda Gillespie Stuntz, of New Hampshire, to be U.S. District Judge of Virginia, to be Deputy Secretary of Energy, for the District of New Hampshire (new posi- vice W. Henson Moore. tion). Nathaniel M. Gorton, Michael J. Melloy, of Massachusetts, to be U.S. District Judge for of Iowa, to be U.S. District Judge for the North- the District of Massachusetts (new position). ern District of Iowa, vice David R. Hansen, elevated. William Clark, Jr., of the District of Columbia, a career member Rudolph T. Randa, of Wisconsin, to be U.S. District Judge for the of the Senior Foreign Service, class of Career Eastern District of Wisconsin, vice Robert W. Minister, to be an Assistant Secretary of State, Warren, retired. vice Richard H. Solomon. Jerome H. Powell, James P. Covey, of New York, to be an Under Secretary of the of the District of Columbia, a career member Treasury, vice Robert R. Glauber, resigned. of the Senior Foreign Service, class of Minister- Counselor, to be Assistant Secretary of State for Timothy E. Flanigan, South Asian Affairs (new position). of Virginia, to be an Assistant Attorney General, vice J. Michael Luttig. James D. Jameson, of California, to be an Assistant Secretary of John Cunningham Dugan, Commerce, vice Timothy John McBride, re- of the District of Columbia, to be an Assistant signed. Secretary of the Treasury, vice Jerome H. Pow- ell. Clarence H. Albright, Jr., Withdrawn April 9 of Virginia, to be General Counsel of the Depart- ment of Housing and Urban Development, vice Jerry Ralph Curry, Francis Anthony Keating II. of Virginia, to be Administrator of the Federal Aviation Administration, vice James Buchanan G. Kim Wincup, Busey IV, which was sent to the Senate Novem- of Maryland, to be an Assistant Secretary of the ber 22, 1991. Air Force, vice John J. Welch, Jr. Submitted April 28 James Thomas Grady, of Massachusetts, to be a member of the Board Dennis P. Barrett, of Directors of the Overseas Private Investment of Washington, a career member of the Senior Corporation for a term expiring December 17, Foreign Service, class of Minister-Counselor, to 1994 (reappointment). be Ambassador Extraordinary and Pleni- potentiary of the United States of America to Steven Manaster, the Democratic Republic of Madagascar. of Utah, to be a Commissioner of the Commod- ity Futures Trading Commission for the term Richard Goodwin Capen, Jr., expiring April 13, 1997, vice Fowler C. West, of Florida, to be Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary of the United States of America term expiring. to Spain. Tony Armendariz, Roger A. McGuire, of Texas, to be a member of the Federal Labor of Ohio, a career member of the Senior Foreign Relations Authority for a term of 5 years expiring Service, class of Counselor, to be Ambassador July 29, 1997 (reappointment). Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary of the United States of America to the Republic of Guinea- Pamela J. Turner, Bissau. of the District of Columbia, to be a member of the United States Advisory Commission on William Lacy Swing, Public Diplomacy for a term expiring July 1, of North Carolina, a career member of the Sen- 1995 (reappointment). ior Foreign Service, class of Career Minister, to be Ambassador Extraordinary and Pleni- Philip Brunelle, potentiary of the United States of America to of Minnesota, to be a member of the National the Federal Republic of Nigeria. Council on the Arts for the remainder of the

1256 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / Appendix B term expiring September 3, 1994, vice Phyllis Submitted May 6 Curtain, resigned. Peter Barry Teeley, Submitted April 30 of Virginia, to be Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary of the United States of America Ronald B. Leighton, to Canada. of Washington, to be U.S. District Judge for the Western District of Washington, vice Jack E. Peter Jon deVos, Tanner, retired. of Florida, a career member of the Senior For- eign Service, class of Minister-Counselor, to be Submitted May 5 Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary of the United States of America to the United Re- Robert L. Barry, public of Tanzania. of New Hampshire, a career member of the Sen- ior Foreign Service, class of Career Minister, to Robert E. Gribbin III, be Ambassador Extraordinary and Pleni- of Alabama, a career member of the Senior For- potentiary of the United States of America to eign Service, class of Counselor, to be Ambas- the Republic of Indonesia. sador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary of the United States of America to the Central African Reginald Bartholomew, Republic. of the District of Columbia, a career member of the Senior Foreign Service, class of Career Submitted May 7 Minister, to be the United States Permanent Representative on the Council of the North At- David C. Fields, lantic Treaty Organization, with the rank and sta- of California, a career member of the Senior tus of Ambassador Extraordinary and Pleni- Foreign Service, class of Minister-Counselor, to potentiary. be Ambassador Extraordinary and Pleni- potentiary of the United States of America to Adrian A. Basora, the Republic of the Marshall Islands. of New Hampshire, a career member of the Sen- ior Foreign Service, class of Minister-Counselor, William Henry Gerald FitzGerald, to be Ambassador Extraordinary and Pleni- of the District of Columbia, to be Ambassador potentiary of the United States of America to Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary of the United the Czech and Slovak Federal Republic. States of America to Ireland.

Arthur J. Rothkopf, Princeton Nathan Lyman, of the District of Columbia, to be Deputy Sec- of Maryland, a career member of the Senior For- retary of Transportation, vice James Buchanan eign Service, class of Career Minister, to be Am- Busey IV, resigned. bassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary of the United States of America to the Republic Thomas C. Richards, of South Africa. of Texas, to be Administrator of the Federal Aviation Administration, vice James Buchanan William Thornton Pryce, Busey IV. of Pennsylvania, a career member of the Senior Foreign Service, class of Minister-Counselor, to Michael James Toohey, be Ambassador Extraordinary and Pleni- of Virginia, to be an Assistant Secretary of Trans- potentiary of the United States of America to portation, vice Galen Joseph Reser, resigned. the Republic of Honduras.

Joseph J. DiNunno, Teresita Currie Schaffer, of Maryland, to be a member of the Defense of New York, a career member of the Senior Nuclear Facilities Safety Board for the remain- Foreign Service, class of Minister-Counselor, to der of the term expiring October 18, 1995, vice be Ambassador Extraordinary and Pleni- Edson G. Case. potentiary of the United States of America to the Democratic Socialist Republic of Sri Lanka Barry Zorthian, and to serve concurrently and without additional of the District of Columbia, to be a member compensation as Ambassador Extraordinary and of the Board for International Broadcasting for Plenipotentiary of the United States of America a term expiring May 20, 1995 (reappointment). to the Republic of Maldives.

1257 Appendix B / Administration of George Bush, 1992

Submitted May 12 Thomas E. Harvey, of the District of Columbia, to be a member William Graham Walker, of the Board of Directors of the U.S. Institute of California, a career member of the Senior of Peace for the remainder of the term expiring Foreign Service, class of Minister-Counselor, to January 19, 1993, vice John Norton Moore, re- be Ambassador Extraordinary and Pleni- signed. potentiary of the United States of America to Argentina. John F. Daffron, Jr., Alexander Fletcher Watson, of Virginia, to be a member of the Board of of Massachusetts, a career member of the Senior Directors of the State Justice Institute for a term Foreign Service, class of Career Minister, to be expiring September 17, 1994 (reappointment). Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary of Submitted May 19 the United States of America to the Federative Republic of Brazil. William Arthur Rugh, Submitted May 13 of Maryland, a career member of the Senior For- eign Service, class of Career Minister, to be Am- Marilyn McAfee, bassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary of of Florida, a career member of the Senior For- the United States of America to the United Arab eign Service, class of Minister-Counselor, to be Emirates. Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary of the United States of America to the Republic Gregory F. Chapados, of Guatemala. of Alaska, to be Assistant Secretary of Commerce for Communications and Information, vice Janice Robert F. Goodwin, Obuchowski, resigned. of Maryland, to be Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary of the United States of Evan J. Kemp, Jr., America to New Zealand, and to serve concur- of the District of Columbia, to be a member rently and without additional compensation as of the Equal Employment Opportunity Commis- Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary of sion for a term expiring July 1, 1997 (reappoint- the United States of America to Western Samoa. ment).

David J. Dunford, Roberto Martinez, of Arizona, a career member of the Senior For- of Florida, to be U.S. Attorney for the Southern eign Service, class of Minister-Counselor, to be District of Florida for the term of 4 years, vice Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary of Leon B. Kellner, resigned. the United States of America to the Sultanate of Oman. The following named persons to be members of the Federal Energy Regulatory Commission for Submitted May 14 the terms indicated: Donald Herman Alexander, Jerry Jay Langdon, of Texas, for the term expir- of Missouri, to be Ambassador Extraordinary and ing June 30, 1996 (reappointment). Plenipotentiary of the United States of America William C. Liedtke III, of Oklahoma, for the to the Kingdom of The Netherlands. term expiring June 30, 1997, vice Charles A. Trabandt, term expiring. Joyce A. Doyle, of New York, to be a member of the Federal Submitted May 21 Mine Safety and Health Review Commission for a term of 6 years expiring August 30, 1998 (re- James E. Gilleran, appointment). of California, to be Comptroller of the Currency for a term of 5 years, vice Robert Logan Clarke, Joseph Charles Wilson IV, term expired. of California, a career member of the Senior Foreign Service, class of Counselor, to be Am- Don J. Svet, bassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary of of New Mexico, to be U.S. Attorney for the Dis- the United States of America to the Gabonese trict of New Mexico for the term of 4 years, Republic, and to serve concurrently without advice William L. Lutz, resigned. ditional compensation as Ambassador Extraor- dinary and Plenipotentiary of the United States The following named persons to be members of of America to the Democratic Republic of Sao the Civil Liberties Public Education Fund Board Tome and Principe. of Directors for the terms indicated:

1258 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / Appendix B

For terms of 2 years: Robert L. Gallucci, Bruce T. Kaji, of California of Virginia, to be an Assistant Secretary of State, vice Richard A. Clarke. Tomio Moriguchi, of Washington For terms of 3 years: Walter B. McCormick, Jr., of Missouri, to be General Counsel of the De- Edwin C. Hiroto, of California partment of Transportation, vice Arthur J. William H. Marumoto, of Virginia Rothkopf. S. Stephen Nakashima, of California George Shoichi Oki, Sr., of California Alison Podell Rosenberg, Grant Masashi Ujifusa, of New York of Virginia, to be an Assistant Administrator of the Agency for International Development, vice Submitted June 2 Scott M. Spangler.

Ritajean Hartung Butterworth, Max M. Kampelman, of Washington, to be a member of the Board of the District of Columbia, to be a member of Directors of the Corporation for Public Broad- of the Board of Directors of the U.S. Institute casting for a term expiring March 26, 1997, vice of Peace for a term expiring January 19, 1995, William Lee Hanley, Jr., resigned. vice Morris I. Leibman, term expired.

William D. Quarles, The following named persons to be members of the U.S. Advisory Commission on Public Diplo- of Maryland, to be U.S. District Judge for the macy for terms expiring July 1, 1994: District of Maryland, vice Alexander Harvey II, retired. Jay I. Kislak, of Florida, vice Richard B. Stone. Marshall Lee Miller, of Virginia, vice Edwin J. James A. McIntyre, Feulner, Jr., term expired. of California, to be U.S. District Judge for the Southern District of California (new position). Submitted June 3

Henry Lee Clarke, John Frank Bookout, Jr., of California, a career member of the Senior of Texas, to be Ambassador Extraordinary and Foreign Service, class of Minister-Counselor, to Plenipotentiary of the United States of America be Ambassador Extraordinary and Pleni- to the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. potentiary of the United States of America to Kenneth R. Mancuso, the Republic of Uzbekistan. of Rhode Island, to be U.S. Marshal for the Dis- Donald Burnham Ensenat, trict of Rhode Island for the term of 4 years, of Louisiana, to be Ambassador Extraordinary vice Donald W. Wyatt, resigned. and Plenipotentiary of the United States of Submitted June 4 America to Brunei. Donald M. Kendall, Edward Hurwitz, of Connecticut, to be a member of the Board of the District of Columbia, a career member of Directors of the Overseas Private Investment of the Senior Foreign Service, class of Minister- Corporation for the remainder of the term expir- Counselor, to be Ambassador Extraordinary and ing December 17, 1992, vice J. Carter Beese, Plenipotentiary of the United States of America Jr., resigned; and for an additional term expiring to the Republic of Kyrgyzstan. December 17, 1995, reappointment.

Joseph Monroe Segars, Submitted June 9 of Pennsylvania, a career member of the Senior Foreign Service, class of Counselor, to be Am- Kenneth L. Brown, bassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary of of California, a career member of the Senior the United States of America to the Republic Foreign Service, class of Minister-Counselor, to of Cape Verde. be Ambassador Extraordinary and Pleni- potentiary of the United States of America to Anthony Cecil Eden Quainton, the Republic of Ghana. of the District of Columbia, a career member of the Senior Foreign Service, class of Career Mary Jo Jacobi, Minister, to be Assistant Secretary of State for of Mississippi, to be an Assistant Secretary of Diplomatic Security, vice Sheldon J. Krys. Commerce, vice Craig R. Helsing, resigned.

1259 Appendix B / Administration of George Bush, 1992

Mary Mohs, America in the Security Council of the United of Wisconsin, to be a member of the National Nations, with the rank of Ambassador. Museum Services Board for a term expiring De- cember 6, 1994, vice Marilyn Logsdon Mennello, Submitted June 17 term expired. Richard Monroe Miles, J. Michael Farrell, of South Carolina, a career member of the Sen- of the District of Columbia, to be a member ior Foreign Service, class of Minister-Counselor, of the National Commission on Libraries and In- to be Ambassador Extraordinary and Pleni- formation Science for a term expiring July 19, potentiary of the United States of America to 1997 (reappointment). the Republic of Azerbaijan.

Submitted June 10 Joseph S. Hulings III, of Virginia, a career member of the Senior For- Frank G. Wisner, eign Service, class of Minister-Counselor, to be of the District of Columbia, a career member Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary of of the Senior Foreign Service, class of Career the United States of America to the Republic Minister, to be Under Secretary of State for Co- ordinating Security Assistance Programs, vice of Turkmenistan. Reginald Bartholomew. Submitted June 19 Submitted June 11 Richard H. Solomon, Norman D. Shumway, of Maryland, to be Ambassador Extraordinary of California, to be a member of the Board of and Plenipotentiary of the United States of Directors of the Legal Services Corporation for America to the Republic of the Philippines. the remainder of the term expiring July 13, 1993, vice Luis Guinot, Jr., resigned, to which position Raymond L. Finch, he was appointed during the recess of the Senate of the Virgin Islands, to be a Judge for the Dis- from August 2, 1991, to September 10, 1991. trict Court of the Virgin Islands for a term of 10 years, vice David V. O’Brien, deceased. Submitted June 16 John Stern Wolf, Ruth A. Davis, of Maryland, a career member of the Senior For- of Georgia, a career member of the Senior For- eign Service, class of Minister-Counselor, to be eign Service, class of Minister-Counselor, to be Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary of Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary of the United States of America to Malaysia. the United States of America to the Republic of Benin. The following named individuals to be Associate Judges of the Superior Court of the District of Charles B. Salmon, Jr., Columbia for terms of 15 years: of New York, a career member of the Senior Brook Hedge, of the District of Columbia, vice Foreign Service, class of Minister-Counselor, to Emmet G. Sullivan, elevated. be Ambassador Extraordinary and Pleni- Lee F. Satterfield, of the District of Columbia, potentiary of the United States of America to vice Robert McCance Scott. the Lao People’s Democratic Republic. Submitted June 23 Jon M. Huntsman, Jr., of Utah, to be Ambassador Extraordinary and William Harrison Courtney, Plenipotentiary of the United States of America of West Virginia, a career member of the Senior to the Republic of Singapore. Foreign Service, class of Counselor, to be Am- Nicolas Miklos Salgo, bassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary of of Florida, to be Ambassador Extraordinary and the United States of America to the Republic Plenipotentiary of the United States of America of Kazakhstan. to Sweden. Patricia Diaz Dennis, Irvin Hicks, of Virginia, to be Assistant Secretary of State for of Maryland, a career member of the Senior For- Human Rights and Humanitarian Affairs, vice eign Service, class of Minister-Counselor, to be Richard Schifter, resigned. Deputy Representative of the United States of

1260 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / Appendix B

Malcolm S. Forbes, Jr., Submitted July 1 of New Jersey, to be a member of the Board for International Broadcasting for a term expiring Robert E. Martinez, April 28, 1995 (reappointment). of New Jersey, to be Associate Deputy Secretary of Transportation, vice Robert L. Pettit, resigned. Submitted June 25 John S. Simmons, David Heywood Swartz, of South Carolina, to be U.S. Attorney for the of Virginia, a career member of the Senior For- District of South Carolina for a term of 4 years, eign Service, class of Minister-Counselor, to be vice E. Bart Daniel, resigned. Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary of the United States of America to the Republic Submitted July 2 of Byelarus. Richard Conway Casey, H. Douglas Barclay, of New York, to be U.S. District Judge for the of New York, to be a member of the Board of Southern District of New York, vice Robert W. Directors of the Overseas Private Investment Sweet, retired. Corporation for a term expiring December 17, John J. Easton, Jr., 1994 (reappointment). of Vermont, to be an Assistant Secretary of En- John H. Miller, ergy (Domestic and International Energy Policy). of Connecticut, to be a member of the Board Stanley Tuemler Escudero, of Directors of the National Institute of Building of Florida, a career member of the Senior For- Sciences for a term expiring September 7, 1992, eign Service, class of Counselor, to be Ambas- vice Fred E. Hummel, resigned. sador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary of the United States of America to the Republic of John H. Miller, Tajikistan. of Connecticut, to be a member of the Board of Directors of the National Institute of Building Kent N. Brown, Sciences for a term expiring September 7, 1995 of Virginia, a career member of the Senior For- (reappointment). eign Service, class of Counselor, to be Ambas- sador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary of the Submitted June 26 United States of America to the Republic of Georgia. Hugo Pomrehn, of California, to be Under Secretary of Energy, Ilana Diamond Rovner, vice John Chatfield Tuck, resigned. of Illinois, to be U.S. Circuit Judge for the Sev- enth Circuit, vice Harlington Wood, Jr., retired. John A. Mendez, of California, to be U.S. Attorney for the North- John Phil Gilbert, ern District of California for the term of 4 years, of Illinois, to be U.S. District Judge for the vice Joseph P. Russoniello, resigned. Southern District of Illinois, vice James L. Fore- man, retired. Kathryn D. Sullivan, of California, to be Chief Scientist of the Na- Mary C. Pendleton, tional Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, of Virginia, a career member of the Foreign vice Sylvia Alice Earle, resigned. Service, class one, to be Ambassador Extraor- dinary and Plenipotentiary of the United States C.C. Hope, Jr., of America to the Republic of Moldova. of North Carolina, to be a member of the Board of Directors of the Federal Deposit Insurance Mack F. Mattingly, Corporation for a term expiring February 28, of Georgia, to be Ambassador Extraordinary and 1993 (reappointment). Plenipotentiary of the United States of America to the Republic of Seychelles. Terrence B. Adamson, of Georgia, to be a member of the Board of Larry R. Hicks, Directors of the State Justice Institute for a term of Nevada, to be U.S. District Judge for the Dis- expiring September 17, 1994 (reappointment). trict of Nevada, vice Edward C. Reed, Jr., retired.

1261 Appendix B / Administration of George Bush, 1992

John W. Sedwick, Alan Greenspan, of Alaska, to be U.S. District Judge for the Dis- of New York, to be U.S. Alternate Governor of trict of Alaska, vice Andrew J. Kleinfeld, position the International Monetary Fund for a term of elevated. 5 years (reappointment).

Submitted July 20 John S. Unpingco, of Guam, to be Judge for the District Court of John Cameron Monjo, Guam for the term of 10 years, vice Christobal of Maryland, a career member of the Senior For- C. Duenas, resigned. eign Service, class of Career Minister, to be Am- bassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary of Withdrawn July 22 the United States of America to the Islamic Re- public of Pakistan. Donald Herman Alexander, of Missouri, to be Ambassador Extraordinary and Harriet Winsar Isom, Plenipotentiary of the United States of America of Oregon, a career member of the Senior For- to the Kingdom of the Netherlands, which was eign Service, class of Minister-Counselor, to be sent to the Senate on May 14, 1992. Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary of Submitted July 27 the United States of America to the Republic of Cameroon. R. Edgar Campbell, Linton F. Brooks, of Georgia, to be U.S. District Judge for the Middle District of Georgia (new position). of Virginia, to be an Assistant Director of the U.S. Arms Control and Disarmament Agency, vice Susan Jane Koch, resigned. Joanna Seybert, of New York, to be U.S. District Judge for the David P. Prosperi, Eastern District of New York (new position). of Illinois, to be a member of the Board of Di- The following named persons to be members of rectors of the Corporation for Public Broadcast- the National Institute Board for the National In- ing for a term expiring March 26, 1997, vice stitute for Literacy for terms of 3 years (new Marshall Turner, Jr., term expired. positions): Shirley W. Ryan, John Corcoran, of California of Illinois, to be a member of the National Coun- Helen B. Crouch, of New York cil on Disability for a term expiring September Sharon Darling, of Kentucky 17, 1994, vice John Leopold, term expired. Jim Edgar, of Illinois Jon Deveaux, of New York Walter Scott Blackburn, Ronald M. Gillum, of Michigan of Indiana, to be a member of the Board of Benita C. Somerfield, of New York Directors of the National Institute of Building Susan Ann Vogel, of Illinois Sciences for a term expiring September 7, 1993, vice Kyle Clayton Boone, term expired. Submitted July 28

The following named persons to be Members Walter Scott Light, of the Advisory Board of the Saint Lawrence of Texas, to be Ambassador Extraordinary and Seaway Development Corporation: Plenipotentiary of the United States of America Edward Morgan Paluso, of Pennsylvania, vice to the Republic of Ecuador. L. Steven Reimers. Sterling G. Sechrist, of Ohio, vice Virgil E. Kathryn H. Vratil, Brown, resigned. of Kansas, to be U.S. District Judge for the Dis- trict of Kansas, vice Earl E. O’Connor, retired. Submitted July 22 The following named persons to be Judges of Genta Hawkins Holmes, the U.S. Tax Court for terms expiring 15 years after they take office: of California, a career member of the Senior Foreign Service, class of Minister-Counselor, to Carolyn P. Chiechi, of Maryland, vice Arthur be Director General of the Foreign Service, vice L. Nims III, retired. Edward Joseph Perkins. David Laro, of Michigan, vice Jules G. Korner III.

1262 Appendix C—Checklist of White House Press Releases

The following list contains releases of the Office Fact sheet: of the Press Secretary which are not included Glass in this book. Fact sheet: Released January 4 U.S.-Japan achievements on economic issues

Fact sheet: Fact sheet: U.S.-Asia environmental partnership Joint trade expansion program

Released January 6 Fact sheet: Advance text: U.S.-Japan economic relations Remarks at the American and Korean Chambers Fact sheet: of Commerce luncheon in Seoul U.S.-Japan achievements on autos and auto parts Released January 8 Released January 10 Transcript: Press briefing on the President’s meetings in Advance text: Japan—by Brent Scowcroft, Assistant to the Remarks to the President’s Drug Advisory Coun- President for National Security Affairs cil

Fact sheet: Announcement: A Strategy for World Growth Nomination of Jack W. Selden to be U.S. Attor- ney for the Northern District of Alabama Fact sheet: The Japanese economy in 1991 and the FY 1992 Released January 13 budget Advance text: Fact sheet: Excerpts from remarks to the American Farm Japan corporate program Bureau Federation in Kansas City, MO

Fact sheet: Released January 14 Government procurement Fact sheet: Advance text: Action to promote alternative fuel vehicles Remarks at the state dinner hosted by Prime Minister Kiichi Miyazawa of Japan in Tokyo Released January 17

Released January 9 Fact sheet: Creating job opportunities by improving the Fact sheet: Federal job training system Major projects agreement

Fact sheet: Released January 21 Paper Announcement: Fact sheet: White House Conference on Indian Education Telecommunications participants

Fact sheet: Announcement: Computer procurement Nomination of new and continuing members of the General Advisory Committee of the U.S. Fact sheet: Arms Control and Disarmament Agency Standards, certification, and testing

1263 Appendix C / Administration of George Bush, 1992

Fact sheet: Released January 27 Meeting the national education goals: the Presi- dent’s Head Start initiative Fact sheet: Highlights of the President’s crime and drug con- Fact sheet: trol budget for fiscal year 1993 U.S. Assistance to the former Soviet Union Transcript: Released January 22 Press briefing on the war on drugs—by George Terwiliger, Acting Deputy Attorney General; Fact sheet: James O. Mason, Assistant Secretary of Health U.S.-Japan computer agreement and Human Services; Frank Kalder, Director of Budget and Legislative Affairs, Office of National Transcript: Drug Control Policy; Terry Pell, Acting Chief Press briefing on trade policy—by Carla A. Hills, of Staff, Office of National Drug Control Policy; U.S. Trade Representative and Dr. Lloyd Johnston, University of Michigan

Released January 23 Released January 28

Fact sheet: White House statement: Highlights of the President’s environmental Highlights of the President’s growth agenda budget for fiscal year 1993 Fact sheet: Transcript: The President’s State of the Union Address Press briefing on environmental policy—by Wil- liam K. Reilly, Administrator, Environmental Released January 29 Protection Agency Transcript: Released January 24 Press briefing on the fiscal year 1993 budget— by Secretary of the Treasury Nicholas F. Brady; Announcement: Richard G. Darman, Director, Office of Manage- Nomination of Sidney A. Fitzwater to be U.S. ment and Budget; and Michael J. Boskin, Chair- Circuit Judge for the Fifth Circuit man, Council of Economic Advisers

Announcement: Fact sheet: Nomination of John A. Smietanka to be U.S. Cir- The President’s budget for FY 1993 cuit Judge for the Sixth Circuit Released January 30 Announcement: Nomination of Edward E. Carnes to be U.S. Cir- Fact sheet: cuit Judge for the Eleventh Circuit The President’s plan for reducing the burdens of regulation through administrative action Announcement: Nomination of John G. Roberts, Jr., to be U.S. Released January 31 Circuit Judge for the District of Columbia Transcript: Announcement: Press briefing on the President’s visit to the Nomination of Terral R. Smith to be U.S. Dis- United Nations—by Secretary of State James A. trict Judge for the Western District of Texas Baker III

Announcement: Released February 4 Nomination of Kenneth R. Carr to be U.S. Dis- trict Judge for the Western District of Texas Fact sheet: ‘‘Access to Justice Act of 1992’’ Announcement: Nomination of Karen J. Williams to be U.S. Cir- Released February 5 cuit Judge for the Fourth Circuit Transcript: Announcement: Press briefing on the economic report—by Mi- Nomination of James W. Jackson to be U.S. Dis- chael J. Boskin, Chairman, Council of Economic trict Judge for the Northern District of Ohio Advisers

1264 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / Appendix C

Released February 6 Fact sheet: Review of environmental effects of free trade Fact sheet: with Mexico The President’s comprehensive health reform program Released February 27

Released February 7 Transcript: Advance text: Press briefing on the drug summit in San Anto- Remarks to the San Diego Rotary Club in San nio, TX—by Bernard W. Aronson, Assistant Sec- Diego, CA retary of State for Inter-American Affairs, and Thomas E. McNamara, National Security Coun- Released February 11 cil Senior Director for International Programs

Fact sheet: Released February 28 Accelerated phaseout of ozone-depleting substances Announcement: Nomination of Alvin A. Schall to be U.S. Circuit Fact sheet: The Enterprise for the Americas Initiative’s Mul- Judge for the Federal Circuit tilateral Investment Fund Released February 29 Transcript Press briefing on the visit of Prime Minister Advance text: Suleyman Demirel of Turkey—by David Remarks to the Associated General Contractors Gompert, National Security Council Senior Di- of America in Dallas, TX rector for European and Eurasian Affairs Released March 3 Released February 19 Advance text: Fact sheet: Remarks to the National Association of Investing in research, development, and techno- Evangelicals in Chicago, IL logical innovation Fact sheet: Advance text: Assistance to Bulgaria Remarks to community and business leaders in Knoxville, TN Released March 6

Released February 24 Fact sheet: Transcript: Economic improvement steps for the natural gas Press briefing on the drug summit in San Anto- industry nio, TX—by Bob Martinez, Director, Office of National Drug Control Policy, and Bernard W. Released March 7 Aronson, Assistant Secretary of State for Inter- Fact sheet: American Affairs Bush administration proposals concerning out- Advance text: door recreation and wildlife Remarks at the Bush-Quayle campaign kickoff in Bethesda, MD Released March 9 Released February 25 Announcement: Nomination of Federico A. Moreno to be U.S. Advance text: Circuit Judge for the Eleventh Circuit Remarks at a Bush-Quayle fundraising luncheon in San Francisco, CA Announcement: Nomination of Susan H. Black to be U.S. Circuit Advance text: Remarks on trade and environmental coopera- Judge for the Eleventh Circuit tion with Mexico Advance text: Fact sheet: Remarks to the National League of Cities Integrated environmental plan for the Mexico- U.S. border area

1265 Appendix C / Administration of George Bush, 1992

Released March 11 Released March 20

Remarks at the Richard Nixon Library dinner Advance text: Remarks to Republican Members of Congress Released March 13 and Presidential appointees

Fact sheet: Fact sheet: Onboard refueling vapor recovery systems for Address to Republican Members of Congress new cars and Presidential appointees

Released March 16 Fact sheet: Implementing the Beck decision Advance text: Remarks to Steeltech employees in Milwaukee, Announcement: WI Transmittal of 67 messages to Congress containing 68 rescission proposals Advance text: Remarks at a Bush-Quayle fundraising luncheon Announcement: in Milwaukee Nomination of Paul L. Shechtman to be U.S. District Judge for the Southern District of New Advance text: York Remarks at a Bush-Quayle fundraising dinner in Chicago, IL Announcement: Nomination of John G. Heyburn II to be U.S. Released March 18 District Judge for the Western District of Ken- tucky Fact sheet: Transportation reforms Announcement: Nomination of Richard H. Kyle to be U.S. Dis- Announcement: trict Judge for the District of Minnesota Nomination of Lawrence O. Davis to be U.S. District Judge for the Eastern District of Mis- Announcement: souri Nomination of Justin P. Wilson to be U.S. Cir- cuit Judge for the Sixth Circuit Announcement: Nomination of John F. Walter to be U.S. District Announcement: Judge for the Central District of California Nomination of Gordon J. Quist to be U.S. Dis- trict Judge for the Western District of Michigan Announcement: Nomination of Joe Kendall to be U.S. District Announcement: Judge for the Northern District of Texas Nomination of C. LeRoy Hansen to be U.S. Dis- trict Judge for the District of New Mexico Announcement: Nomination of Percy Anderson to be U.S. Dis- Announcement: trict Judge for the Central District of California Nomination of Michael Boudin to be U.S. Cir- cuit Judge for the First Circuit Announcement: Nomination of Lee H. Rosenthal to be U.S. Dis- Announcement: trict Judge for the Southern District of Texas Nomination of Dennis G. Jacobs to be U.S. Cir- cuit Judge for the Second Circuit Announcement: Nomination of Russell T. Lloyd to be U.S. Dis- Released March 24 trict Judge for the Southern District of Texas Fact sheet: Announcement: Environmental quality report Nomination of Andrew S. Hanen to be U.S. Dis- trict Judge for the Southern District of Texas Advance text: Remarks to the National American Wholesale Announcement: Grocers Association Nomination of Linda H. McLaughlin to be U.S. District Judge for the Central District of Califor- Statement: nia President’s medication

1266 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / Appendix C

Released March 25 Announcement: Nomination of Carol E. Jackson to be U.S. Dis- Statement: trict Judge for the Eastern District of Missouri White House medical care Announcement: Released March 26 Nomination of Charles A. Banks to be U.S. Dis- Announcement: trict Judge for the Eastern District of Arkansas Nomination of Manuel H. Quintana to be U.S. Released April 2 District Judge for Southern District of New York Announcement: Released March 27 Nomination of Maureen E. Mahoney to be U.S. Announcement: District Judge for the Eastern District of Virginia Nomination of Scott J. Poe to be U.S. Marshal Announcement: for the Eastern District of Kentucky Nomination of Robert D. Hunter to be U.S. Dis- Fact sheet: trict Judge for the Northern District of Alabama Trade with the former Soviet Union Announcement: Released March 30 Nomination of Lourdes G. Baird to be U.S. Dis- trict Judge for the Central district of California Announcement: Nomination of Charles W. Larson to be U.S. Fact sheet: Attorney for the Northern District of Iowa Financial services reforms

Announcement: Transcript: Nomination of Jay D. Gardner to be U.S. Attor- Press briefing on the visit of Prime Minister ney for the Southern District of Georgia Felipe Gonza´lez of Spain—by Thomas Niles, As- sistant Secretary of State for European and Ca- Announcement: nadian Affairs Nomination of Loretta A. Preska to be U.S. Dis- trict Judge for the Southern District of New York Released April 3

Released March 31 Advance text: Remarks to the Federalist Society of Philadelphia Announcement: in Philadelphia, PA Second annual President’s Environment and Conservation Challenge Awards program Fact sheet: President’s address on governmental reform Released April 1 Fact sheet: Announcement: Multilateral financial assistance package for Rus- Nomination of James S. Mitchell to be U.S. Dis- sia trict Judge for the District of Nebraska Fact sheet: Announcement: ‘‘FREEDOM Support Act of 1992’’ Nomination of Richard G. Kopf to be U.S. Dis- trict Judge for the District of Nebraska Fact sheet: Agricultural assistance for the NIS Released April 7 Announcement: Statement: Nomination of Irene M. Keeley to be U.S. Dis- Foreign access to United States ports trict Judge for the Northern District of West Virginia Announcement: Office of Government Ethics report on former Announcement: Chief of Staff John Sununu’s travel on military Nomination of Alfred V. Covello to be U.S. Dis- aircraft trict Judge for the District of Connecticut Announcement: Announcement: Nomination of Emerson J. Elliot to be Commis- Nomination of Jerome B. Simandle to be U.S. sioner of Education Statistics, Department of District Judge for the District of New Jersey Education

1267 Appendix C / Administration of George Bush, 1992

Released April 8 Released April 13

Announcement: Fact sheet: Nomination of Irma E. Gonzalez to be U.S. Dis- Executive action protecting workers’ rights trict Judge for the Southern District of California Released April 14 Announcement: Nomination of Carol Johnson Johns to be a Advance text: member of the Board of Regents of the Uni- Remarks to Giddings & Lewis employees and formed Services University of the Health local chambers of commerce in Fraser, MI Sciences Fact sheet: Announcement: Job Training 2000: creating a comprehensive and Nomination of Virginia Stanley Douglas to be unified Federal job training system a member of the Board of Directors of the Na- tional Institute of Building Sciences Fact sheet: ‘‘The Youth Apprenticeship Act of 1992’’ Released April 9 Advance text: Fact sheet: Remarks at a Bush-Quayle fundraising dinner in Reforms to the drug approval process Dearborn, MI

Fact sheet: Released April 16 ‘‘The Accountability in Government Act of 1992’’ Fact sheet: Announcement: ‘‘The Lifelong Learning Act of 1992’’ Nomination of Michael J. Melloy to be U.S. Dis- trict Judge for the Northern District of Iowa Advance text: Announcement: Remarks to the Lehigh Valley 2000 community Nomination of Norman H. Stahl to be U.S. Cir- in Allentown, PA cuit Judge for the First Circuit Fact sheet: Announcement: America 2000: first-year accomplishments Nomination of Joseph A. DiClerico, Jr., to be Transcript: U.S. District Judge for the District of New Hampshire Press briefing on proposed education and job training legislation—by Secretary of Education Announcement: Lamar Alexander Nomination of Rudolph T. Randa to be U.S. Dis- trict Judge for the Eastern District of Wisconsin Released April 20

Announcement: Fact sheet: Transmittal of 28 special messages to Congress AmeriFlora ’92 containing budget rescissions Released April 22 Announcement: Travel policy: the new policy on the use of mili- Announcement: tary aircraft by the Chief of Staff and National Nomination of Nathaniel M. Gorton to be U.S. Security Adviser District Judge for the District of Massachusetts

Released April 10 Transcript: Press briefing on the President’s meeting with Transcript: European Council President Anibal Cavaco Silva Press briefing on Wisconsin welfare reform—by and European Commission President Jacques Secretary of Health and Human Services Louis Delors—by Thomas Niles, Assistant Secretary of W. Sullivan and Gov. Tommy Thompson of Wis- State for European and Canadian Affairs consin Released April 23 Fact sheet: The State of Wisconsin’s parental and family re- Advance text: sponsibility demonstration project Remarks to the Forum of the Americas

1268 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / Appendix C

Fact sheet: Released April 30 The U.S.-Japan paper agreement Announcement: Released April 24 Nomination of Ronald B. Leighton to be U.S. District Judge for the Western District of Wash- Transcript: ington Press briefing on banking and finance regulatory reform—by Michael J. Boskin, Chairman, Coun- Fact sheet: Executive order on infrastructure privatization cil of Economic Advisers; C. Boyden Gray, Counsel to the President; John E. Robson, Dep- Released May 1 uty Secretary of the Treasury; Timothy Ryan, Di- rector, Office of Thrift Supervision; Stephen Fact sheet: Steinbrink, Acting Comptroller of the Currency; Michael Jackson recognized as Points of Light Susan Phillips, Board of Governors, Federal Re- ambassador serve Board; William Taylor, Chairman, Federal Deposit Insurance Corp.; and F. Henry Habicht, Released May 3 Deputy Administrator, Environmental Protection Statement: Agency. National Day of Prayer Fact sheet: Released May 4 Financial services reforms Announcement: Announcement: Nomination of Barry Zorthian to be a member Winners of the 1992 President’s Annual Points of the Board for International Broadcasting of Light Awards Released May 5 Released April 27 Fact sheet: Advance text: Truck, rail, and ocean shipping reforms Remarks at the Florida International University Transcript: commencement ceremony in Miami Beach, FL Press briefing on truck, rail, and ocean shipping reforms—by C. Boyden Gray, Counsel to the Advance text: President; Ed Philbin, Chairman, Interstate Remarks at a Bush-Quayle fundraising dinner in Commerce Commission; Ming Hsu, Chairman, Charlotte, NC Federal Maritime Commission; and James Rill, Assistant Attorney General for the Antitrust Divi- Released April 28 sion Transcript: Announcement: Press briefing on financial services regulatory re- Nomination of Joseph J. DiNunno to be a mem- form—by Michael J. Boskin, Chairman, Council ber of the Defense Nuclear Facilities Safety of Economic Advisers; John E. Robson, Deputy Board Secretary of the Treasury; Richard Breeden, Chairman, Securities and Exchange Commission; Released May 6 and Wendy Gramm, Chairman, Commodities Futures Trading Commission Fact sheet: Agreement on trade relations between the Released April 29 United States and Ukraine

Advance text: Fact sheet: Remarks on regulatory reform U.S.-Ukraine OPIC agreement

Transcript: Fact sheet: Agreement on establishing a Peace Corps pro- Press briefing on regulatory reform—by Michael gram between the United States and Ukraine J. Boskin, Chairman, Council of Economic Advis- ers, and C. Boyden Gray, Counsel to the Presi- Fact sheet: dent Science and Technology Center in Ukraine Fact sheet: Fact sheet: Regulatory Reform Initiative Technical assistance for Ukraine

1269 Appendix C / Administration of George Bush, 1992

Fact sheet: Released May 19 Federal relief assistance to individuals, families, communities, and businesses in Los Angeles Fact sheet: Report of the Presidential Task Force on Los Fact sheet: Angeles Recovery ‘‘Weed and Seed’’ program to aid needy Los An- geles communities Fact sheet: American technical assistance programs to Released May 12 Kazakhstan

Fact sheet: Fact sheet: President Bush’s initiatives for strengthening Agreement on trade relations between the urban areas United States and Kazakhstan

Fact sheet: Fact sheet: The administration’s program for reducing tax Bilateral investment treaty between the United compliance burdens for small employers States and the Republic of Kazakhstan

Transcript: Fact sheet: Press briefing on the President’s urban aid initia- U.S.-Kazakhstan OPIC agreement tives—by Jack Kemp, Secretary of Housing and Urban Development; William P. Barr, Attorney Fact sheet: General; Lamar Alexander, Secretary of Edu- American humanitarian assistance to Kazakhstan cation; Pat Saiki, Small Business Administrator; and Richard G. Darman, Director, Office of Transcript: Management and Budget Press briefing on establishment of the fetal tissue bank—by James O. Mason, Assistant Secretary Released May 13 for Health Advance text: Transcript: Remarks to the health care and business community in Baltimore, MD Press briefing on the President’s meeting with President Nursultan Nazarbayev of Kazakhstan— Transcript: by Thomas Niles, Assistant Secretary of State for Press briefing on the President’s meeting with European and Canadian Affairs President Patricio Aylwin of Chile—by Bernard W. Aronson, Assistant Secretary of State for Released May 20 Inter-American Affairs Announcement: Announcement: Nomination of Don J. Svet to be U.S. Attorney Nomination of Thomas E. Harvey to be a mem- for the District of New Mexico ber of the Board of Directors of the U.S. Insti- Announcement: tute of Peace Nomination of members of the Civil Liberties Released May 14 Public Education Fund Board of Directors

Announcement: Released May 21 Nomination of Joyce A. Doyle to be a member of the Federal Mine Safety and Health Review Announcement: Commission Appointment of David J. Beightol as Executive Director of the Presidential Task Force on Los Released May 15 Angeles Recovery

Announcement: Released May 22 Presidential Faculty Fellows Program award recipients Fact sheet: ‘‘New Mexico Public Lands Wilderness Act’’ Released May 18 Released May 26 Announcement: Nomination of Roberto Martinez to be U.S. At- Fact sheet: torney for the Southern District of Florida FDA biotechnology food policy

1270 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / Appendix C

Transcript: Released June 2 Press briefing on biotechnology food policy—by Louis W. Sullivan, Secretary of Health and Announcement: Human Services; David Kessler, Commissioner Nomination of C. Christopher Hagy to be U.S. of Food and Drugs; Michael J. Boskin, Chair- District Judge for the Northern District of Geor- man, Council of Economic Advisers; and C. gia Boyden Gray, Counsel to the President Announcement: Released May 27 Nomination of Louis J. Leonatti to be U.S. Dis- trict Judge for the Eastern District of Missouri Announcement: Announcement: Nomination of James A. McIntyre to be U.S. Nomination of J. Douglas Drushal to be U.S. District Judge for the Southern District of Cali- District Judge for the Northern District of Ohio fornia Announcement: Statement: Nomination of Leonard E. Davis to be U.S. Dis- President’s meeting with Mayor Teddy Kollek of trict Judge for the Eastern District of Texas Jerusalem Released June 3 Released May 28 Transcript: Advance text: Press briefing on the balanced budget amend- Excerpt of remarks prepared for delivery to the ment—by Richard G. Darman, Director, Office Veterans Coalition of Management and Budget

Fact sheet: Released June 4: Defense adjustment assistance Announcement: Statement: Nomination of Donald M. Kendall to be a mem- Presidential Emergency Boards Nos. 220, 221, ber of the Board of Directors of the Overseas and 222 Private Investment Corporation

Released May 29 Released June 5

Fact sheet: Fact sheet: Federal relief assistance to individuals, families, Space-based global change observation communities, and businesses in Los Angeles, CA Released June 8 Released May 30 Announcement: Fact sheet: Nomination of J. Michael Farrell to be a mem- Wetlands reserve program ber of the National Commission of Libraries and Information Science Released June 1 Released June 9 Announcement: Transcript: Nomination of Ritajean Hartung Butterworth to Excerpt of press briefing on nuclear weapons re- be a member of the Board of Directors of the ductions—by Secretary of State James A. Baker Corporation for Public Broadcasting III and Foreign Minister Andrey Kozyrev of Rus- sia Announcement: Nomination of Jay I. Kislak to be a member of Advance text: U.S. Advisory Commission on Public Diplomacy Excerpt of remarks at a fundraising dinner for Senator Arlen Specter in Bowmansdale, PA Fact sheet: Forests for the Future initiative Released June 11

Fact sheet: Advance text: Bush administration environmental accomplish- Remarks on departure for the United Nations ments in support of UNCED Conference on Environment and Development

1271 Appendix C / Administration of George Bush, 1992

Advance text: Background: Remarks at Plaza Belisario Porras in Panama Eximbank operations in Russia City, Panama Fact sheet: Advance text: Fuels and energy agreement Remarks to the American community in Panama City Text: Joint Statement on bilateral issues Transcript: Excerpt of press briefing on the demonstrations Background: in Panama City—by Press Secretary Fitzwater Open Lands memorandum of understanding between the United States and Russia Released June 12 Background: Transcript: OPIC investment incentive agreement between Press briefing on the U.N. Conference on Envi- the United States and the Russian Federation ronment and Development—by William K. Reilly, Administrator, Environmental Protection Background: Agency Opening new U.S. and Russian consulates Released June 15 Fact sheet: Transcript: Removal of ceilings on U.S. and Russian person- Press briefing on Russian-U.S. relations and the nel President’s meeting with President Boris Yeltsin of Russia—by Secretary of State James A. Baker Text: III Joint Statement on Bosnia-Hercegovina

Released June 16 Fact sheet: Chemical weapons issues Advance text: Remarks at the state dinner for President Boris Background: Yeltsin of Russia COCOM issues

Fact sheet: Text: Joint U.S.-Russian Commission on POW/MIA’s Joint Statement on Cooperation in Space

Released June 17 Background: Agreement on the destruction and safeguarding Announcement: of weapons and the prevention of weapons pro- U.S.-Russian agreements liferation between the United States and Russia

Text: Background: Charter for American-Russian Partnership and Agreement on establishing a Peace Corps pro- Friendship gram between the United States and the Russian Fact sheet: Federation Charter for American-Russian Partnership and Text: Friendship Joint Statement on Korean Nuclear Non-Pro- Background: liferation U.S. assistance to Russia Fact sheet: Background: Nuclear reactor safety assistance for Russia Treaty for the avoidance of double taxation Background: Background: U.S.-Russian civil aviation M.O.U. Agreement on trade relations between the United States and Russia Background: Technical migration assistance for Russia Background: Bilateral investment treaty between the United Text: States and the Russian Federation Joint Statement on Beringia International Park

1272 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / Appendix C

Text: Released June 25 Joint Statement on Conservation of Lake Baikal Fact sheet: Text: Federal grants for State and local ‘‘GI bills’’ for Joint Statement on the Need for Voluntary Sus- children pension of Fishing in the Central Bering Sea Transcript: Text: Press briefing on legislation proposing a ‘‘GI bill’’ Joint Statement on Research and Conservation for children—by Secretary of Education Lamar of the Bering Sea Ecosystem Alexander

Text: Released June 26 Joint Statement on Science and Technology Co- Fact sheet: operation ‘‘Utah Public Lands Wilderness Act’’ Released June 18 Announcement: Nomination of John A. Mendez to be U.S. Attor- Announcement: ney for the Northern District of California Nomination of Raymond L. Finch to be U.S. District Judge for the District Court of the Virgin Released June 30 Islands Transcript: Released June 19 Press briefing on the Munich economic summit—by Secretary of the Treasury Nicholas F. Fact sheet: Brady Defense procurement reforms Statement: Announcement: Designation of two historically black colleges for Nomination of Brook Hedge to be an Associate information science and training research under Judge of the Superior Court of the District of the U.S. Army’s Centers of Excellence program Columbia Released July 1 Announcement: Nomination of Lee F. Satterfield to be an Associ- Fact sheet: ate Judge of the Superior Court of the District Recent U.S.-Japan achievements on economic of Columbia issues

Released June 20 Transcript: Press briefing on the President’s visits to War- Advance text: saw, Munich, and Helsinki—by Secretary of Remarks to the Howard Jarvis Taxpayers Associa- State James A. Baker III tion in Universal City, CA Transcript: Released June 23 Press briefing on the President’s meeting with Prime Minister Kiichi Miyazawa of Japan—by Announcement: Douglas Paal, National Security Council Senior Nomination of Katharine J. Armentrout to be Director for Asian Affairs U.S. District Judge for the District of Maryland Released July 2 Announcement: Nomination of James J. McMonagle to be U.S. Transcript: District Judge for the Northern District of Ohio Press briefing on the President’s health care reform proposal—by Louis W. Sullivan, Secretary Released June 24 of Health and Human Services; Gail R. Wilensky, Deputy Assistant to the President for Statement: Policy Development; and Stuart Gerson, Assist- Rail strike ant Attorney General Transcript: Announcement: Press briefing on the budget—by Richard G. Nomination of Richard Conway Casey to be U.S. Darman, Director, Office of Management and District Judge for the Southern District of New Budget York

1273 Appendix C / Administration of George Bush, 1992

Announcement: Statement: Nomination of John Phil Gilbert to be U.S. Dis- Announcement of requests for fiscal year 1992 trict Judge for the Southern District of Illinois appropriations

Announcement: Transcript: Nomination of Ilana Diamond Rovner to be U.S. Press briefing on the CSCE summit—by Sec- Circuit Judge for the Seventh Circuit retary of State James A. Baker III

Fact sheet: Released July 10 Medical liability legislation Transcript: Released July 5 Press briefing on the situation in the former Re- public of Yugoslavia—by Secretary of State Advance text: Remarks on Polish independence in Warsaw James A. Baker III Fact sheet: Fact sheet: Enterprise funds The CFE Treaty and the CFE–1A agreement Fact sheet: Fact sheet: Polish stabilization fund CSCE Forum for Security Cooperation Fact sheet: Released July 13 New housing assistance for Poland Fact sheet: Released July 6 Nonproliferation initiative Transcript: Fact sheet: Press briefing on the agreement on construction Existing nonproliferation efforts of a BMW plant in South Carolina—by Gov. Carroll A. Campbell Released July 14 Transcript: Fact sheet: Press briefing on the meeting of finance min- Protecting and enhancing forests and the out- isters at the Munich economic summit—by doors Nicholas F. Brady, Secretary of the Treasury, and David Mulford, Under Secretary of the Fact sheet: Treasury North American free trade agreement (NAFTA) negotiations Transcript: Press briefing on the meeting of heads of govern- Statement: ment at the Munich economic summit—by Floyd Brown and the Citizens for Bush Organi- Brent Scowcroft, Assistant to the President for zation National Security Affairs Announcement: Announcement: Appointment of Jack Steel to be a member of Nomination of Larry R. Hicks to be U.S. District the Commission on Presidential Scholars Judge for the District of Nevada Released July 21 Announcement: Nomination of John W. Sedwick to be U.S. Dis- Announcement: trict Judge for the District of Alaska Nomination of John S. Unpingco to be District Judge for Guam Released July 7 Fact sheet: Transcript: National Medal of Arts Press briefing on the Munich economic summit—by Secretary of State James A. Baker III Released July 22 Released July 9 Announcement: National Medal of Arts recipients Advance text: Remarks to the Conference on Security and Co- Fact sheet: operation in Europe in Helsinki, Finland ‘‘Oregon Public Lands Wilderness Act’’

1274 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / Appendix C

Released July 23 Released July 28

Transcript: Transcript: Press briefing on the Higher Education Amend- Press briefing on the North American free trade ments of 1992—by Carolynn Reid-Wallace, As- agreement—by Carla A. Hills, U.S. Trade Rep- sistant Secretary for Postsecondary Education resentative

Transcript: Transcript: Press briefing on the midsession review of the budget—by Richard G. Darman, Director, Office Press briefing on Operation Triggerlock—by At- of Management and Budget, and Michael J. torney General William P. Barr Boskin, Chairman, Council of Economic Advisers Released July 30 Released July 24 Announcement: Announcement: Presidential Task Force on Los Angeles Recov- Nomination of Joanna Seybert to be U.S. District ery report Judge for the Eastern District of New York Released July 31 Announcement: Nomination of R. Edgar Campbell to be U.S. Announcement: District Judge for the Middle District of Georgia Nomination of Wayne Allard to serve in an advisory capacity on the Board of Trustees of the Released July 27 James Madison Memorial Fellowship Foundation Announcement: Nomination of Kathryn H. Vratil to be U.S. Dis- Transcript: trict Judge for the District of Kansas Press briefing on welfare reform—by Gail R. Wilensky, Deputy Assistant to the President for Fact sheet: Policy Development ‘‘Wyoming Public Lands Wilderness Act’’

1275

Appendix D—Acts Approved by the President

Approved February 7 Approved March 11

H.R. 4095 / Public Law 102–244 H.J. Res. 343 / Public Law 102–254 To increase the number of weeks for which ben- To designate March 12, 1992, as ‘‘Girl Scouts efits are payable under the Emergency Unem- of the United States of America 80th Anniversary ployment Compensation Act of 1991, and for Day’’ other purposes Approved March 12 Approved February 14 H.R. 4113 / Public Law 102–255 H.R. 1989 / Public Law 102–245 To permit the transfer before the expiration of American Technology Preeminence Act of 1991 the otherwise applicable 60-day congressional re- Approved February 18 view period of the obsolete training aircraft carrier U.S.S. Lexington to the Corpus Christi Area S. 1415 / Public Law 102–246 Convention and Visitors Bureau, Corpus Christi, To provide for additional membership on the Li- Texas, for use as a naval museum and memorial brary of Congress Trust Fund Board, and for other purposes H.R. 2092 / Public Law 102–256 Torture Victim Protection Act of 1991 Approved February 24 Approved March 17 H.R. 2927 / Public Law 102–247 Omnibus Insular Areas Act of 1992 S.J. Res. 176 / Public Law 102–257 To designate March 19, 1992, as ‘‘National Approved March 3 Women in Agriculture Day’’

H.R. 543 / Public Law 102–248 Approved March 19 To establish the Manzanar National Historic Site in the State of California, and for other purposes S. 996 / Public Law 102–258 To authorize and direct the Secretary of the In- H.R. 476 / Public Law 102–249 terior to terminate a reservation of use and occu- Michigan Scenic Rivers Act of 1991 pancy at the Buffalo National River; and for Approved March 5 other purposes

H.R. 355 / Public Law 102–250 S. 2184 / Public Law 102–259 Reclamation States Emergency Drought Relief Morris K. Udall Scholarship and Excellence in Act of 1991 National Environmental and Native American Public Policy Act of 1992 Approved March 9 Approved March 20 H.R. 3866 / Public Law 102–251 To provide for the designation of the Flower H.J. Res. 446 / Public Law 102–260 Garden Banks National Marine Sanctuary Waiving certain enrollment requirements with respect to H.R. 4210 of the 102d Congress Approved March 10 S. 1467 / Public Law 102–261 H.J. Res. 395 / Public Law 102–252 To designate the Federal Building and the Designating February 6, 1992, as ‘‘National United States Courthouse located at 15 Lee Women and Girls in Sports Day’’ Street in Montgomery, Alabama, as the ‘‘Frank H.J. Res. 350 / Public Law 102–253 M. Johnson, Jr. Federal Building and United Designating March 1992 as ‘‘Irish-American States Courthouse’’ Heritage Month’’

1277 Appendix D / Administration of George Bush, 1992

S. 1889 / Public Law 102–262 a component of the National Wild and Scenic To designate the Federal Building and the Rivers System, and for other purposes United States Courthouse located at 111 South Wolcott Street in Casper, Wyoming, as the Approved April 21 ‘‘Ewing T. Kerr Federal Building and United H.R. 3686 / Public Law 102–272 States Courthouse’’ To amend title 28, United States Code, to make S.J. Res. 240 / Public Law 102–263 changes in the places of holding court in the Designating March 25, 1992, as ‘‘Greek Inde- Eastern District of North Carolina pendence Day: A National Day of Celebration H.R. 4449 / Public Law 102–273 of Greek and American Democracy’’ To authorize jurisdictions receiving funds for fis- Approved March 26 cal year 1992 under the HOME Investment Part- nerships Act that are allocated for new construc- H.J. Res. 284 / Public Law 102–264 tion to use the funds, at the discretion of the To designate the week beginning April 12, 1992, jurisdiction, for other eligible activities under as ‘‘National Public Safety Telecommunicators such Act and to amend the Stewart B. McKinney Week’’ Homeless Assistance Amendments Act of 1988 to authorize local governments that have fi- S. 2324 / Public Law 102–265 nanced housing projects that have been provided To amend the Food Stamp Act of 1977 to make a section 8 financial adjustment factor to use re- a technical correction relating to exclusions from captured amounts available from refinancing of income under the food stamp program, and for the projects for housing activities other purposes S. 985 / Public Law 102–274 Approved April 1 Horn of Africa Recovery and Food Security Act

H.J. Res. 456 / Public Law 102–266 Approved April 22 Making further continuing appropriations for the fiscal year 1992, and for other purposes S. 1743 / Public Law 102–275 Arkansas Wild and Scenic Rivers Act of 1992 Approved April 2 Approved April 28 H.J. Res. 272 / Public Law 102–267 H.R. 4572 / Public Law 102–276 To proclaim March 20, 1992, as ‘‘National Agri- To direct the Secretary of Health and Human culture Day’’ Services to grant a waiver of the requirement Approved April 13 limiting the maximum number of individuals enrolled with a health maintenance organization H.J. Res. 410 / Public Law 102–268 who may be beneficiaries under the medicare Designating April 14, 1992, as ‘‘Education and or medicaid programs in order to enable the Sharing Day, U.S.A.’’ Dayton Area Health Plan, Inc., to continue to provide services through January 1994 to individ- Approved April 15 uals residing in Montgomery County, Ohio, who are enrolled under a State plan for medical as- S.J. Res. 246 / Public Law 102–269 sistance under title XIX of the Social Security To designate April 15, 1992 as ‘‘National Recy- Act cling Day’’ H.J. Res. 402 / Public Law 102–277 Approved April 16 Approving the location of a memorial to George Mason S.J. Res. 271 / Public Law 102–270 Expressing the sense of the Congress regarding Approved May 9 the peace process in Liberia and authorizing limited assistance to support this process S.J. Res. 174 / Public Law 102–278 Designating the month of May 1992, as ‘‘Na- Approved April 20 tional Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis Awareness Month’’ S. 606 / Public Law 102–271 To amend the Wild and Scenic Rivers Act by S.J. Res. 222 / Public Law 102–279 designating certain segments of the Allegheny To designate 1992 as the ‘‘Year of Reconciliation River in the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania as Between American Indians and non-Indians’’

1278 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / Appendix D

Approved May 11 Approved May 26

H.J. Res. 430 / Public Law 102–280 S. 1182 / Public Law 102–292 To designate May 4, 1992, through May 10, Fishlake National Forest Enlargement Act 1992, as ‘‘Public Service Recognition Week’’ Approved May 27 Approved May 13 S. 452 / Public Law 102–293 H.R. 3337 / Public Law 102–281 To authorize a transfer of administrative jurisdic- To require the Secretary of the Treasury to mint tion over certain land to the Secretary of the coins in commemoration of the 200th anniversary Interior, and for other purposes of the White House, and for other purposes

H.R. 2454 / Public Law 102–282 S. 749 / Public Law 102–294 Generic Drug Enforcement Act of 1992 To rename and expand the boundaries of the Mound City Group National Monument in Ohio Approved May 14 Approved May 28 H.J. Res. 425 / Public Law 102–283 Designating May 10, 1992, as ‘‘Infant Mortality S. 838 / Public Law 102–295 Awareness Day’’ Child Abuse, Domestic Violence, Adoption and Family Services Act of 1992 S.J. Res. 251 / Public Law 102–284 To designate the month of May 1992 as ‘‘Na- S.J. Res. 254 / Public Law 102–296 tional Huntington’s Disease Awareness Month’’ Commending the New York Stock Exchange on the occasion of its bicentennial Approved May 18 Approved June 2 H.R. 2763 / Public Law 102–285 National Geologic Mapping Act of 1992 S. 2569 / Public Law 102–297 H.R. 4184 / Public Law 102–286 To provide for the temporary continuation in of- To designate the Department of Veterans Affairs fice of the current Deputy Security Advisor in Medical Center located in Northampton, Massa- a flag officer grade in the Navy chusetts, as the ‘‘Edward P. Boland Department Approved June 4 of Veterans Affairs Medical Center’’

H.J. Res. 466 / Public Law 102–287 H.R. 4990 / Public Law 102–298 Designating April 26, 1992, through May 2, Rescinding certain budget authority 1992, as ‘‘National Crime Victims’ Rights Week’’ Approved June 9 Approved May 19 S. 870 / Public Law 102–299 H.J. Res. 388 / Public Law 102–288 Golden Gate National Recreation Area Addition Designating the month of May 1992, as ‘‘Na- Act of 1992 tional Foster Care Month’’ Approved June 15 Approved May 20 H.R. 1917 / Private Law 102–3 H.R. 4774 / Public Law 102–289 For the relief of Michael Wu To provide flexibility to the Secretary of Agri- culture to carry out food assistance programs in Approved June 16 certain countries S. 2783 / Public Law 102–300 H.J. Res. 371 / Public Law 102–290 Medical Device Amendments of 1992 Designating May 31, 1992, through June 6, 1992, as a ‘‘Week for the National Observance of the Approved June 19 Fiftieth Anniversary of World War II’’ H.R. 2556 / Public Law 102–301 S. 2378 / Public Law 102–291 Los Padres Condor Range and River Protection To amend title 38, United States Code, to extend Act certain authorities relating to the administration of veterans laws, and for other purposes

1279 Appendix D / Administration of George Bush, 1992

Approved June 22 H.R. 2818 / Public Law 102–313 To designate the Federal building located at 78 H.R. 5132 / Public Law 102–302 Center Street in Pittsfield, Massachusetts, as the Dire Emergency Supplemental Appropriations ‘‘Silvio O. Conte Federal Building’’, and for other Act, 1992, for Disaster Assistance To Meet Ur- purposes gent Needs Because of Calamities Such as Those Which Occurred in Los Angeles and Chicago H.R. 3711 / Public Law 102–314 WIC Farmers’ Market Nutrition Act of 1992 Approved June 23 H.J. Res. 499 / Public Law 102–315 H.J. Res. 445 / Public Law 102–303 Designating July 2, 1992, as ‘‘National Literacy Designating June 1992 as ‘‘National Scleroderma Day’’ Awareness Month’’ H.J. Res. 509 / Public 102–316 H.R. 1642 / Public Law 102–304 To extend through September 30, 1992, the pe- Palo Alto Battlefield National Historic Site Act riod in which there remains available for obliga- of 1991 tion certain amounts appropriated for the Bureau of Indian Affairs for the school operations costs H.J. Res. 442 / Public Law 102–305 of Bureau-funded schools To designate July 5, 1992, through July 11, 1992, as ‘‘National Awareness Week for Life-Saving S. 2901 / Public Law 102–317 Techniques’’ To direct the Secretary of Health and Human Services to extend the waiver granted to the Ten- Approved June 26 nessee Primary Care Network of the enrollment mix requirement under the medicaid program H.J. Res. 517 / Public Law 102–306 To provide for a settlement of the railroad labor- Approved July 3 management disputes between certain railroads and certain of their employees H.R. 5260 / Public Law 102–318 Unemployment Compensation Amendments of S. 756 / Public Law 102–307 1992 Copyright Amendments Act of 1992 Approved July 8 S. 2703 / Public Law 102–308 To authorize the President to appoint General H.J. Res. 459 / Public Law 102–319 Thomas C. Richards to the Office of Adminis- Designating the week beginning July 26, 1992 trator of the Federal Aviation Administration as ‘‘Lyme Disease Awareness Week’’

Approved June 30 Approved July 10

H.J. Res. 470 / Public Law 102–309 S. 1254 / Public Law 102–320 To designate the month of September 1992 as To increase the authorized acreage limit for the ‘‘National Spina Bifida Awareness Month’’ Assateague Island National Seashore on the Maryland mainland, and for other purposes Approved July 1 S. 1306 / Public Law 102–321 S. 2905 / Public Law 102–310 ADAMHA Reorganization Act To provide a 4-month extension of the transition rule for separate capitalization of savings associa- Approved July 19 tions’ subsidiaries H.R. 5412 / Public Law 102–322 Approved July 2 To authorize the transfer of certain naval vessels to Greece and Taiwan H.R. 4548 / Public Law 102–311 International Peacekeeping Act of 1992 Approved July 20

H.R. 3041 / Public Law 102–312 S.J. Res. 324 / Public Law 102–323 To designate the Federal building located at To commend the NASA Langley Research Cen- 1520 Market Street, St. Louis, Missouri, as the ter on the celebration of its 75th anniversary on ‘‘L. Douglas Abram Federal Building’’ July 17, 1992

1280 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / Appendix D

Approved July 22 H.R. 158 / Public Law 102–326 To designate the building in Hiddenite, North S. 2780 / Public Law 102–324 Carolina, which houses the primary operations To amend the Food Security Act of 1985 to re- of the United States Postal Service as the ‘‘Zora move certain easement requirements under the Leah S. Thomas Post Office Building’’ conservation reserve program, and for other purposes H.R. 4505 / Public Law 102–327 To designate the facility of the United States Approved July 23 Postal Service located at 20 South Montgomery S. 1150 / Public Law 102–325 Street in Trenton, New Jersey, as the ‘‘Arthur Higher Education Amendments of 1992 J. Holland United States Post Office Building’’

1281

Subject Index

Abortion—132, 270, 368, 570, 670, 707, 803, Angola—Continued 830, 896, 1005, 1032 President—1207 Academic Decathlon, U.S.—628 Trade with U.S.—887 ACTION—1227 U.S. assistance—1207 Administration. See other part of subject Arctic National Wildlife Refuge. See Alaska Administrative Conference of the U.S.—1214, Arctic Research Commission—1224, 1241, 1246 1224, 1226, 1235 Arctic Research Policy Committee, Inter- Advertismig Council—738 agency—1219 Advisory. See other part of subject Argentina, U.S. Ambassador—735 Aeronautics and Space Administration, Na- Arizona tional—241, 417, 873, 903 President’s visit—841, 843, 1239 Afghanistan, conflict resolution—580 Republican Party events—843, 1239 Africa. See specific country Arkansas African-American (Black) History Month, Na- Governor—584, 586 tional—163, 281 President’s visit—464 Thunderstorms—1249 African Americans. See specific subject; Civil Arkansas-Oklahoma Arkansas River Compact rights Commission—1225 Agency. See other part of subject Armed Forces, U.S. Aging, Federal Council on the—658, 1239 See also specific military department; Defense Agriculture and national security Environmental impact—862 Base closings—101, 104, 107, 973 Farming—75, 1043 See International government subsidies—6, 10, 13, International role. specific country or re- 19, 77, 497 gion Pesticides—866 Los Angeles civil disturbances—685, 702, 728 Trade negotiations and agreements. See Com- POW–MIA’s—482, 933, 935, 943, 946, 957, merce, international 1043, 1168 Agriculture, Department of Armenia Assistant Secretaries—463, 483, 563 Refugees—839 Budget—1020 Trade with U.S.—540, 885 Arms and munitions Commodity Credit Corporation—524, 538, See also Defense and national security; Nu- 694, 1045 clear weapons Deputy Secretary—860, 862, 866 Arms control negotiations and agreements— Drought assistance—389 134, 158, 243, 346, 575, 963, 1071, 1088, Food assistance—705 1108 Rural Electrification Administration—403 Chemical and biological weapons—84, 176, Secretary—189, 190, 1044, 1049 AID. See Development Cooperation Agency, 462, 806, 964, 1124 U.S. International Export controls—519 AIDS. See Health and medical care Missile systems—493 Air Force, Department of the Arms Control and Disarmament Agency, U.S.— Air Force Academy, U.S.—1228 798, 1071, 1111 Assistant Secretary—607 Army, Department of the Aircraft. See Aviation See also Armed Forces, U.S. Alaska Assistant Secretaries—390, 941 Arctic National Wildlife Refuge—191 Centers for Excellence programs—1245 Mineral resources, report—314 Corps of Engineers—273 Albania Arts and the Humanities, National Foundation President—936 on the Arts, National Council on the—1223, Trade with U.S.—807, 885, 936–938 1232 Algeria, Ambassador to U.S.—1226 Arts, National Endowment for the—290 Ambassadors. See specific country Humanities, National Council on the—1230 America 2000. See Education, quality Humanities, National Endowment for the— American. See other part of subject 659 Angola Arts, National Council on the. See Arts and the Economic assistance—273 Humanities, National Foundation on the

A–1 Administration of George Bush, 1992

Arts, National Endowment for the. See Arts and Black Mayors, National Conference of—1248 the Humanities, National Foundation on the Blind and Other Severely Handicapped, Com- Arts, National Medal of the—1159 mittee for Purchase from the—1223 ASEAN. See South East Asian Nations, Associa- Board. See other part of subject tion of Bolivia Asia-Pacific region Drug interdiction, cooperation—319, 320, 324, See also specific country 334,341 Aerospace conference and airshow, U.S. rep- Economic assistance—341 resentative—1222 President—319, 324, 330, 334, 1223 Economic cooperation—6, 8, 18, 22, 28, 34, Trade with U.S.—1070, 1078 43, 46, 67 Bosnia-Hercegovina, President—1246 Trade with U.S.—5, 20, 22, 1208 Boy Scouts of America—216 U.S. military role—6, 14, 23, 30, 38, 1110 Boys Nation—1138 Asian American Voters’ Coalition, Executive Brazil Committee of the—1228 President—585, 752, 753, 925, 1242 President Bush’s visit—924, 927, 1242 Asian-Pacific Americans—857 U.S. Ambassador—734 Association. See other part of subject Brigham Young University—1135 Asthma and allergy poster child—1235 Broadcasting, Board for International—1243 Atomic Energy Agency, International. See United Broadcasting, Corporation for Public—709, 1112 Nations Brunei, U.S. Ambassador—840 Attorney General. SeeJustice, Department of Budget, Federal Australia See also specific agency Extradition treaty with U.S.—283 Defense spending—158, 185, 265, 309, 316, President Bush’s visit—1–4, 8, 9, 16, 17, 1215 566, 588 Prime Minister—7, 9, 16, 1215 Deficit—161, 264, 446, 479, 513, 534, 572, Trade with U.S.—I, 6, 9, 13, 17–19 829, 870, 879, 884, 889, 893, 903, 911–913, Australian-American Friendship Week—1233 916–918, 923, 1008, 1053, 1101, 1140 Austria, Chancellor—1219 Drug abuse programs, funding—155, 1027 Automobile industry—442 Economy, impact—21, 24 Aviation Libyan air traffic restrictions—607, 608 Environmental programs, funding—500, 1167 Open Skies Treaty—502 Fiscal year 1992—1246 Aviation Administration, Federal. See Transpor- Fiscal year 1993—1246 tation, Department of Line-item veto—270, 287, 317, 479, 496, 536 Awards. See other part of subject 1990 agreement—423 Azerbaijan Rescissions and deferrals—283, 413, 561, 1020 Diplomatic relations with U.S.—284 Research and development, funding—161, Refugees—839 280, 1208 Trade with U.S.—885 Building Sciences, National Institute of—1011, U.S. Ambassador—964 1119 Bulgaria Balanced Budget Amendment Coalition—1240 Export controls—518 President—370 Balanced budget amendment. See Budget, Fed- Prime Minister—370 eral, deficit Bangladesh Trade with U.S.—885 Bureau. See other part of subject Prime Minister—473 Burma (Myanmar) Refugees—473 Economic sanctions—21 Worker rights—938 Refugees—474, 1155 Banking—89, 93, 114, 147, 171, 254, 639, 1007 Business and industry Belarus See also specific company or industry Chairman, Supreme Soviet—1062 Antitrust laws—447, 529 Nuclear weapons removal—986 Enterprise zones. See Enterprise zones President—1246 Export controls—633, 643 Trade with U.S.—540, 885 Private sector overseas investment—618, 952 U.S. Ambassador—1009 Privatization—674 Belgium, Prime Minister—1219 Productivity and competitiveness—56, 387, Benin, U.S, Ambassador—965 402, 480, 622, 783, 980, 1186 Big Brother and Big Sister, 1992 National—1234 Research and development—982 Black Americans. See specific subject Small and minority business—298, 451, 495, Black Family and Society, Coalition for the Res- 527, 705, 713, 720, 754, 794, 858, 998, 1196 toration of the—507 Business Conference, American—546 Black history month. See African-American (Black) History Month, National Cabinet. See specific position

A–2 Subject Index

Cabletron Systems, Inc.—105 China California Delegation of reporting authority—798 Asian media roundtable—1243 Export controls, U.S.—519 Asian-Pacific American Heritage Dinner—857 Premier—1220 Drought—388 Trade with U.S.—363, 881 Earthquakes—1235, 1245 China, Commission on Broadcasting to the Peo- Flooding—1223 ple’s Republic of—1221, 1222, 1226 Governor—189, 311, 669, 685, 702 CIA. See Central Intelligence Agency Hispanic media roundtable—1243 Cinco de Mayo—690 Los Angeles civil disturbances—668, 669, 671, Cities, National League of—406 685, 687, 696, 698, 700, 702, 705, 713, 714, Cities. See Domestic policy 717, 719, 727–729, 735, 776, 846, 847, 858, Citizens Democracy Corps—129, 1241 1235, 1236, 1238, 1249 Citizen’s Medal, Presidential—1227 Monterey Bay National Marine Sanctuary— Civil justice reform—173, 197, 198, 202, 288, 977 294, 310, 317, 354, 356, 373, 379, 383, 387, President’s visits—211, 308, 314, 713, 714, 441, 444, 480, 496, 515, 547, 583, 596, 602, 717, 719, 727–729, 846, 847, 852, 857, 860, 622, 651, 678 867, 969, 978, 989, 1113, 1115, 1117, 1203, Civil rights 1209, 1221, 1223, 1236, 1239, 1243, 1247, See also specific subject 1249 Discrimination—266, 508, 985 Republican Party events—1243 Sexual harassment—1025 Welfare reform—1213 Clark-Atlanta University—1245 Cambodia Cleveland Growth Association, Greater—205 Peace efforts, U.S. and international—7, 12, 27 Refugees—474 Climate Change, Framework Convention on— Cameroon, U.S. Ambassador—1128 925, 926 Canada Coast Guard, U.S. See Transportation, Depart- Liberal Party leader—1222 ment of Prime Minister—188, 635, 799, 1064, 1067, COCOM. See Coordinating Committee for Mul- 1069, 1116, 1118, 1234 tilateral Security Export Controls Trade with U.S.—548, 649, 799, 865, 1103, College Republican National Committee—1017 1115, 1141 Colleges and universities. See specific institution; U.S. Ambassador—693 Education Cancer Advisory Board, National—1236 Colombia Cancer Courage Award—1235 Drug interdiction, cooperation—320, 324, 334 Cancer Panel, President’s—1235, 1236 Escape of Pablo Escobar—1168 Cape Verde President—319, 324, 330, 333, 334, 1168, 1223 Prime Minister—1219 Trade with U.S.—1069, 1078 U.S. Ambassador—859 Colorado, Governor—185, 186, 190, 193 Caribbean region Combined Federal Campaign. See Government See also specific country agencies and employees Eastern Caribbean leaders—1240 Commerce, Department of CBS Television—1216 Assistant Secretaries—627, 791, 911 Central African Republic, U.S. Ambassador—712 Export controls, administration—518 Central America. See specific country; Latin National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administra- America tion—977, 1020 Central Intelligence Agency—87, 120, 528 Patents and Trademarks, Assistant Commis- CFE. See Arms and munitions, arms control ne- sioner—591 gotiations and agreements Secretary Franklin—346, 491, 619, 792, 798 Chad, Ambassador to U.S.—1231 Secretary Mosbacher—10, 73, 273 Chamber of Commerce, American—37 Under Secretaries—531, 927 Chamber of Commerce, U.S.—80, 297 Commerce, international Chemical weapons. See Arms and munitions See also specific country or subject Chevron Corp.—792 Exports, U.S.—59, 67, 226, 480, 548, 1208 Child Abuse, Domestic Violence, Adoption and Free and fair trade—22, 36, 39, 46, 160, 298, Family Services Act of 1992—838 444, 548, 603, 634, 640, 642, 677, 832, 860, Children and youth See also specific subject; Families 931 Health and safety programs—217, 409 General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade Immunization programs—738 (GATT)—6, 10, 11, 19, 28, 30, 32, 34, 39, 43, Chile 56, 60, 67, 77, 189, 223, 351, 369, 488, 570, Economic assistance—759 621, 625, 636, 982, 1049, 1050, 1064 President—758, 765, 766 Generalized System of Preferences (GSP)— Trade with U.S.—765 204, 938–940

A–3 Administration of George Bush, 1992

Commerce, international—Continued Congress—Continued Harmonized Tariff Schedule of the U.S. Financial disclosure—423, 449, 467, 468, 535 (HTS)—940 House minority leader’s official portrait—688 Investment treaties—880, 1198 President’s veto authority—270, 287, 317, 479, Military exports. See Arms and munitions Pro- 495, 536 tectionism—96, 112, 237, 252, 310, 316, 358, Reform—478, 497, 514, 533–535, 540, 549, 361, 375, 381, 384, 387, 392, 396, 399, 431, 576, 579, 585, 590, 596, 602, 679 440, 460 Regulatory reform—664 Trade negotiations and agreements—22, 28, Term limitations—257, 355, 423, 478, 536, 30, 32, 132, 136, 188, 198, 226, 322, 340, 555, 581, 602 422, 447, 497, 521, 548, 620, 630, 635, 640, Connecticut, primary election results—503, 504 643, 692, 796, 800, 865, 1065, 1103, 1115, Conservation 1117, 1118, 1141, 1197, 1208, 1224 See also Environment Commission. See other part of subject Antarctic preservation—244 Committee. See other part of subject Federal role—624, 1129, 1132 Commodity Futures Trading Commission—1233 Forest preservation—875, 906, 920, 933, 1113 Commonwealth of Independent States International cooperation—499 Armenia. See Armenia Marine protection and sanctuaries—797, 977 Arms control negotiations and agreements— Park system—300 134, 158, 567, 575, 701, 792, 986 Take Pride in America program—767 Azerbaijan. See Azerbaijan Tree planting—1167 Belarus. See Belarus Water management—388 Economic assistance—123, 126, 127, 130, 412, Wetlands preservation—78, 389, 863, 1048, 419, 494, 516, 522, 527, 537, 567 Export controls—518 1132 Financial assistance to Cuba—615 Wilderness and wildlife preservation—817, Food assistance—130 985, 1023, 1161, 1193 Georgia. See Georgia, Republic of Contractors of America, Associated General— Kazakhstan. See Kazakhstan 352 Kyrgyzstan. See Kyrgyzstan Coordinating Committee for Multilateral Secu- Moldova. See Moldova rity Export Controls—518, 684, 964 Mongolia. See Mongolia Coors Ceramics Co.—277, 280 Nagorno-Karabakh crisis—438 Copyright Royalty Tribunal—1230 Nuclear energy safety cooperation—700 Corporation. See other part of subject Nuclear weapons disposal—487, 489, 490 Costa Rica, trade with U.S.—73, 369 Reforms, political and economic—179, 180, Cote d’Ivoire, U.S. Ambassador—562 564 Council. See other part of subject Russia. See Russia Courts, U.S. Tajikistan. See Tajikistan See also specific court Technical assistance—538 Appointments—641 Trade with U.S.—512, 538–540, 566, 618, 711, Credit Standards Advisory Committee—1243 813 Crime. See Law enforcement and crime Turkmenistan. See Turkmenistan Critical Technologies Institute, Operating Com- Ukraine. See Ukraine mittee of the—1244 U.S. private sector interests—618 CSCE. See Security and Cooperation in Europe, Uzbekistan. See Uzbekistan Conference on Communications Cuba See also News media Democracy and freedom—615, 646 Radio regulations, partial revisions—529, 530, Economic sanctions—615 756 Independence Day anniversary—805 Telecommunications—673 President—377, 379, 805 Communications Commission, Federal—673 Cuba Broadcasting, Advisory Board for—1217 Comoros, military assistance—820 Cultural Property Advisory Committee—1221, Competitiveness Policy Council—1241 1225, 1248 Competitiveness, President’s Council on—167, Cultural Trade Center Commission, Inter- 168, 288, 547, 597, 664, 666 national—1216 Computer Systems Policy Project—132 Cyprus Conference. See other part of subject Conflict resolution—312, 505, 516, 517, 710, Congress 1050 See also specific subject President—313, 516, 517, 1051 Accountability, proposed legislation—576, 579 Turkish Cypriot leader—710, 1051 Domestic legislation—556, 624, 643, 833, U.S. Ambassador—1051 1197, 1199 U.S. Special Coordinator—313, 516, 710, 1051

A–4 Subject Index

Czechoslovakia Disaster assistance Export controls—518 Arkansas thunderstorms—1249 Investment treaty with U.S.—880 California earthquakes—1235, 1245 President—540, 909, 1106, 1107, 1144 California flooding—1223 Prime Minister—579, 1232 Delaware coastal storm—1220 Trade with U.S.—521 Drought emergency—388 U.S. Ambassador—683 Emergency funding—997, 998 Illinois flooding—1233 Davidson Interior Trim—99 Defense and national security Los Angeles civil disturbances—700, 705, 713, See also Arms and munitions; Nuclear weapons 720, 730, 735, 757, 760, 795, 1235 Foreign intelligence activities in the U.S., re- Marshall Islands tropical storm—1221 port—493 Micronesia drought—1238 Intelligence—528 Micronesia typhoon—1221 Military strength and deterrence—7, 158, 185, Minnesota flooding and tornadoes—1244 223, 265, 377, 393, 396, 399, 417, 566, 822, Mississippi tornadoes—1228 860, 979, 1131, 1142, 1204 New Jersey coastal storm—1224 Defense, Department of New Mexico flooding—1243 See also specific military department; Armed Puerto Rico flooding—1218 Forces, U.S. South Dakota flooding and tornadoes—1245 Budget—138, 185, 316 Texas flooding—1228 Deputy Under Secretary—390 Vermont flooding—1228 General Counsel—483 Virginia flooding—1238 Inspector General—413, 1025 Discovery. See Space program, shuttle Joint Chiefs of Staff—158, 185, 266, 685 Discrimination. See Civil rights On-Site Inspection Agency, report—667 District of Columbia, budget—669 Secretary—23, 123, 158, 179, 185, 259, 309, Domestic policy 321, 418, 467, 490, 798, 910, 935, 980, 1024, See also specific subject 1066, 1204, 1216, 1217, 1224, 1228, 1232, Administration’s legislative agenda—643, 654, 1233, 1236, 1241 731, 869, 1058, 1061, 1127, 1137, 1173, 1186 Sexual harassment investigation—1024 Cities, Federal aid—687, 701, 705, 707, 713, Technology transfer to private sector—973, 720, 730, 760 980 Urban programs—701, 735, 741, 745, 748, Uniformed Services University of Health 749, 760, 777, 784, 795, 801, 809, 815, 850, Sciences—1218 871, 990, 997, 1037, 1238 Deficit, budget. See Budget, Federal Drug abuse and trafficking Delaware, coastal storm—1220 See also Law enforcement and crime Democracy and freedom—4, 20, 42, 176, 633, Arrest of Humberto Alvarez-Machain—940 1151 International cooperation—134, 155, 321, 573, Democracy, National Endowment for—561 1032, 1116, 1168 Democratic Party, Presidential nominee—1123, Narcotics control certification—351 1140 Prevention efforts—70, 98, 152, 154, 164, 263, Department. See other part of subject 299, 311, 317, 344, 742, 1026, 1156, 1160, Deposit Insurance Corporation, Federal—1020 1176, 1182 Developing countries See also specific country or region San Antonio drug summit—318–320, 322, 324, Debt—931 334, 1223, 1224 Economic assistance—571, 1091 Treatment programs—1108 Multilateral Investment Fund—226, 339 Drug Advisory Council, President’s—70, 1156, Trade with U.S.—938, 940 1226 Development, Agency for International. See De- Drug Control Policy, Office of National—521, velopment Cooperation Agency, U.S. Inter- 559, 563 national Drug Control Strategy, National—164 Development Cooperation Agency, U.S. Inter- Duke University—604 national Development, Agency for International Earth Day—624 (AID)—877 Earth summit. See Environment and Develop- Overseas Private Investment Corporation ment, United Nations Conference on (OPIC)—538, 619, 694, 703, 792, 794, 952, Easter Seal poster child—1222 963, 1010, 1232 EC. See European Community Trade and Development Program—963 Economic Advisers, Council of—667 Development, Council for Sustainable—1235 Economic Club of Detroit—442 Diplomatic Corps—1245 Economic summit, international—1085, 1086, Disability, National Council on—1112 1088, 1096, 1246

A–5 Administration of George Bush, 1992

Economy, international El Salvador—Continued See also specific country; Commerce, inter- Farabundo Marti Liberation Front (FMLN)— national 549 Environmental policies, impact—498 President—303 Growth—51, 644, 1089 Worker rights—939 Munich economic summit. See Economic sum- Election Commission, Federal—1117, 1247 mit, international Elections Economy, national See also specific State See also Banking; Budget, Federal; Commerce, Bush-Quayle campaign leadership events— international 654, 1216, 1221, 1223, 1224, 1245, 1248 Defense conversion—981, 1203 Campaign advertisements—573 Enterprise zones. See Enterprise zones Congressional campaign financing—478, 535, Environmental policies, impact—498, 587, 620 594, 736 Federal role—165, 166 Foreign elections. See specific country Foreign investment in U.S.—1099, 1134, 1246 Fundraisers and rallies—233, 249, 258, 303, Growth—51, 63, 64, 89, 90, 93, 95, 96, 100, 308, 314, 359, 371, 376, 378, 390, 397, 452, 103, 106, 111–114, 125, 135, 146, 158, 170, 458, 600, 644, 649, 675, 744, 776, 808, 814, 196, 297, 365, 376, 425–427, 442, 479, 548, 834, 843, 868, 914, 1017, 1029, 1039, 1243 585, 971, 1061, 1143, 1191 Opposition research—1059 Inflation and interest rates—12, 68, 148, 424, Primaries—247, 272, 274, 276, 307, 325, 350, 572, 586, 1059, 1060 365, 371, 386, 404–406, 412, 415–417, 420, Proposed economic legislation—182–184, 196, 424, 448–450, 468, 470, 503, 554, 879, 896 202, 227, 245, 249, 251, 252, 256, 259, 261, Reelection—62, 233, 421, 570, 582–585, 660, 269, 276, 279, 289, 294, 296, 299, 304, 308, 890, 910, 929, 1119, 1120, 1158, 1189, 1192 315, 353, 358, 374, 380, 384, 387, 476, 477, Ross Perot’s withdrawal from Presidential cam- 1007, 1197, 1200 paign—1119, 1126, 1137 Science and technology—1207 Two-party system—895, 1123 Ecuador Unauthorized campaign organization—1117 Drug interdiction, cooperation—320, 324, 334 President—318, 324, 332, 334, 1219, 1223 Veterans coalition for Bush-Quayle cam- President-elect—1199 paign—841 Presidential inauguration, U.S. delegation— Voter registration—1072, 1140 Emergency Management Agency, Federal—705, 1249 713, 720, 997, 998 Trade with U.S.—1078 Emergency Refugee and Migration Assistance U.S. Ambassador—1111 Education Fund—473, 1155 Business and industry cooperation—240 Employment and unemployment Funding—268, 1003, 1011, 1012, 1015, 1142 Equal opportunity—706 Historically black colleges and universities— Federal employees. See Government agencies 1245 and employees Math and science programs—280, 433, 510 Job creation—24, 984, 997, 998 National testing program—1141 Job training—119, 266, 548, 598, 614, 657, Parental involvement—217, 824, 826 763, 1195 Prayer in schools—153, 293, 391, 395, 398, Rates—909, 1059 830, 1009 Unemployment benefits—139, 160, 215, 756, Quality—29, 46, 79, 97, 112, 121, 143, 152, 1060, 1075, 1078 160, 172, 184, 255, 263, 268, 289, 311, 317, Union dues, employee rights—593 401, 402, 480, 496, 544, 548, 581, 583, 586, Veterans—973 598, 601, 609–613, 622, 629, 652, 678, 824, Employment Policy, National Commission for— 827, 970, 1105, 1163, 1166, 1190 1232, 1237 Student grants and loans—256, 611, 614, 771, Endowment. See other part of subject Energy 1163 Alternative fuels—83, 256, 972, 1045 Student exchanges, international—45, 46, 251 Conservation—83, 948, 1154 Teachers—433 Energy legislation—1199 Vouchers—828, 829, 1025, 1145, 1147, 1164 Education Association, National—1147, 1149 Legislation—833 Education, Department of National energy strategy—286, 392, 500 Assistant Secretary—482 Natural gas—561 Chief Financial Officer—554 Nuclear—410, 469, 1052, 1093, 1098 Deputy Secretary—46 Oil—191 Secretary—7, 279, 1011, 1015, 1147, 1148 Energy, Department of El Salvador Assistant Secretary—1074 Economic assistance—549 Deputy Secretary—618

A–6 Subject Index

Energy, Department of—Continued Evangelicals, National Association of—366 Energy Regulatory Commission, Federal—561 Evergreen Oil, Inc.—969 1990 report—918 Executive Office of the President. See specific Secretary—191, 1052 office or council Under Secretary—1024 Executives, American Society of Association— Energy Regulatory Commission, Federal. See 425 Energy, Department of Export Enhancement Program (EEP)—1, 6, 10, Engineers, Army Corps of. See Army, Depart- 77, 221, 1049 ment of the Export-Import Bank of the U.S.—156, 222, 272, Enterprise for the Americas Initiative—227, 303, 538, 566, 619 335, 339, 340, 635, 759 Exports, U.S. See Commerce, international Enterprise zones—701, 707, 721, 743, 851 Environment Families See also Conservation See also Children and youth Agricultural impact—862 Federal role—407–409, 507 Air quality—470 Families, National Commission on America’s Earth summit. See Environment and Develop- Urban—162, 289, 349, 368, 410, 507, 1156, ment, United Nations Conference on 1174, 1227 Economic growth, impact—92, 264, 499, 587, Families of American Prisoners and Missing in 620, 803, 865, 867, 920, 932, 972, 974, 1048 Southeast Asia, National League of—1168 Funding—138, 892 Farm Bureau Federation, American—75 Global climate change—876, 902, 906, 925, Farming. See Agriculture 926, 933 Federal Express Corp—386 Hazardous materials—363 Federal. See other part of subject International cooperation—29, 245, 264, 316, Federalism—173, 183 342, 498, 585, 752, 753, 775, 928 Federalist Society of Philadelphia—532 Legislation—624, 1129, 1132 Fiji, Ambassador to U.S.—1226 Ozone layer depletion—232, 255 Financial Corporation, International—539 Proposed Department of the Environment— Fine Arts, Commission of—1231 501 Finland Science and technology—873 President—1246 Environment and Development, United Nations President Bush’s visit—1104, 1106, 1107 Conference on—499, 752, 753, 899, 919, 920, Prime Minister—1237 924, 928, 1090, 1242 Protocol to a treaty with U.S.—1206 Environment, Joint Commission on the—1236 Social Security agreement with U.S.—362 Environmental Protection Agency—298, 470, Fishery agreements. See Maritime affairs 564, 899, 908, 928, 929, 933 Flooding. See Disaster assistance Environmental Quality, President’s Commission Florida Governor—390 on—501, 1220 Kissimmee Basin restoration—389 Episcopal Church Foundation—1222 Estonia President’s visits—195, 371, 376, 378, 403, Economic assistance—156 645, 1079, 1220, 1224 Fishery agreement with U.S.—1004 Florida International University—645 President—1246 Folger Shakespeare Library—1234 Trade with U.S.—204 Food and Drug Administration. See Health and U.S. Ambassador—221 Human Services, Department of Ethiopia Food assistance. See specific country Ambassador to U.S.—1231 Foreign Assets Control, Office of. See Treasury, Economic assistance—222 Department of the Humanitarian assistance—819 Foreign policy. See specific country, region, or U.S. Ambassador—248 subject EURATOM. See European Atomic Energy Foreign Service. See State, Department of Community Forum of the Americas—632 Europe Foundation. See other part of subject See also specific country France Arms control negotiations and agreements— Minister of Foreign Affairs—740 1108 President—176, 189, 522, 1066, 1099, 1219, Reforms, political and economic—907, 1089 1245 U.S. military role—223, 525, 1066–1069, 1082, Trade with U.S.—73, 369 1098, 1101, 1106 Franklin Delano Roosevelt Memorial Commis- European Atomic Energy Community—410 sion—1234 European Community—6, 10, 19, 77, 128, 553, Freedom, Presidential Medal of—464 570, 625, 860, 1079, 1085, 1086, 1246 Freedom. See Space program, space station

A–7 Administration of George Bush, 1992

Fund. See other part of subject Greece Cyprus conflict. See Cyprus Gabon, U.S. Ambassador—764 Minister of Foreign Affairs—710, 711 General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade Prime Minister—313, 505, 710, 1051, 1246 (GATT). See Commerce, international Greek Independence Day—504 General Motors Corp—306, 312, 446 Gridiron Club—1230 Generalized System of Preferences. See Com- Grocers Association, National—195 merce, international Grocers Association, National American Whole- George Mason memorial—656 sale—494 Georgia GSP. See Commerce, international President’s visits—116, 119, 356, 359, 823, Guatemala 827, 834, 1217, 1224 U.S. Ambassador—757 Primary election results—371 Worker rights—939 Republican Party events—356, 834 Guinea-Bissau, U.S. Ambassador—614 Georgia, Republic of Diplomatic relations with U.S.—502 Haiti Refugees—839 Economic assistance—199 State Council Chairman—1246 Economic sanctions—550, 838, 908 Trade with U.S.—885 Humanitarian assistance—818, 838 U.S. Ambassador—1074 President—376 Germany Refugees—818, 831, 838 Bavarian Minister President—1246 Harmonized Tariff Schedule of the U.S. (HTS). Chancellor—483, 494, 497, 522, 523, 644, See Commerce, international 1064, 1228, 1246 Head Start. See Health and Human Services, Commonwealth of Independent States, role— Department of 128 Health and Human Services, Department of Minister of Foreign Affairs—1053 Food and Drug Administration—575, 1232 President—661, 667, 670, 1226, 1246 Head Start—121, 152, 218, 409 President Bush’s visit—1085, 1086, 1088, 1096, Health, National Institutes of—1005, 1109 1245, 1246 Medicaid—208 Ghana, U.S. Ambassador—889 Occupational safety and health, report—520 ‘‘GI bill’’ for children. See Education, funding Secretary—210, 214, 220, 579, 878, 1006, Giddings & Lewis, Inc.—595 1232, 1236 Global Change Research, Inter-American Insti- Social Security agreement, report—1154 tute for—775 Health and medical care Global Protection System—962 Acquired immune deficiency syndrome Goldman Environmental Prize—1235 (AIDS)—82, 97, 259, 1075, 1108, 1144 Government agencies and employees Drug marketing, reform of approval process— See also specific agency 575 Accountability, proposed legislation—576, 579 Combined Federal Campaign—949 Fetal tissue research—1005 Cost control—161, 173, 196, 255, 365, 535 Health care fraud—1052 Decentralization—257 Health care reform—161, 173, 198, 203, 206, Energy conservation—83, 948, 1154 207, 210, 212, 213, 218, 228, 294, 373, 379, Federal advisory committees, report—575 383, 388, 405, 480, 517, 547, 556, 597, 601, Federal Savings Bond Campaign—471 672, 678, 747, 762, 877, 999, 1058, 1061, Legislative proposals, benefits and costs—666 1077 Presidential travel expenses—590 Immunization programs—738 Privatization. See Business and industry Insurance—97, 207, 237, 270, 288, 357, 496, Reform—478, 479, 497, 513, 533–535, 540, 580, 622, 652, 761, 973 549, 576, 579, 585, 596, 652 Medical technology—440 Regulatory reform—159, 165, 166, 171, 197, Mental health—1108 201, 297, 354, 387, 440, 441, 443, 452, 496, Prenatal care programs—738 534, 536, 561, 575, 621, 639, 663, 665, 672, Health Care Equity Action League—136, 877, 678, 790, 974, 1007, 1045, 1186, 1190 1216 Senior Executive Service—137 Health care, House Republican conference on— White House expenses—589 1058 Governors’ Association, National—173, 182, 1220 Health, National Institutes of. See Health and Great American Read-Aloud Day—1231 Human Services, Department of Great American Workout—680 Health, President’s—52, 53, 57–59, 62, 506, Great Lakes Fishery Commission—1233 1158, 1229 Greater Philadelphia Chamber of Commerce— Healthy Start. See Health and medical care, pre- 170 natal care programs

A–8 Subject Index

Hispanic Journalists, National Association of— Imports. See specific subject; Commerce, inter- 639 national Historic Preservation, Advisory Council on—690, Independence Day—1055, 1080 1242 India Historical Publications and Records Commission, Prime Minister—1219 National—1234 U.S. Ambassador—302 Indian Education, National Advisory Council Holland American Wafer Co.—1184 on—1229 Holocaust Memorial Council, U.S.—1225, 1228, Indiana, President’s visit—785 1241, 1248 Indians, American Home Builders Association of Greater Colum- Access to wilderness preservation areas—1023, bia—382 1161, 1193 Home Builders, National Association of—145, Compensation for lands ceded to U.S.—947 202, 789 Indonesia Home Loan Mortgage Corporation, Federal— Nuclear energy agreement with U.S.—1052 1238 U.S. Ambassador—670 Homeless persons—973 Industrial League of Orange County—978 Homeownership and Opportunity for People Ev- Industry. See specific industry; Business and in- erywhere (HOPE)—287, 409, 701, 790 dustry Honduras Inflation. See Economy, national President—709 Information Agency, U.S—8 U.S. Ambassador—725 Institute. See other part of subject Housing Inter-American Development Bank—227, 339 Affordability—146, 159, 172, 196, 971 Interagency. See other part of subject Homeownership—115, 161 Interest rates. See Economy, national Housing and Urban Development, Department Intergovernmental Relations, Advisory Commis- of sion on—1217, 1231, 1237, 1240, 1246 Annual report, 1990—1230 Interior, Department of the Budget—1140 Secretary—388, 389, 471, 656, 817, 818, 1023, Drug abuse prevention role—155 1161, 1193 General Counsel—637 Water management, role—389 Secretary—702, 1140, 1236 International. See other part of subject Housing Finance Board, Federal—760, 1217 Iowa, Governor—190 HTS. See Commerce, international Iran Humanitarian Assistance to the Commonwealth Alleged 1980 Paris meetings—1057 of Independent States, International Con- Export controls, U.S.—518 ference on—127 Incursion of Iraqi border—569 Humanities, National Council on the. See Arts U.S. national emergency, report—769 and the Humanities, National Foundation on Iranian New Year—490 the Iraq Humanities, National Endowment for the. See See also Persian Gulf conflict Arts and the Humanities, National Foundation Cease—fire violations—587 on the Economic sanctions—881 Hungary Export controls, U.S.—518 Export controls—518 Incursion of border by Iran—569 Prime Minister—1106 Nuclear weapons development—85, 462, 1145, Trade with U.S.—521, 684 1182 Offensive military capability, report—231 IAEA. See United Nations, Atomic Energy Agen- President—111, 116, 177, 230, 403, 431, 463, cy, International 568, 569, 588, 894, 972, 1049, 1182–1185 Iceland, U.S. Ambassador—291 Reparations to Kuwait—85, 462 Illinois Trade sanctions—149, 419, 462 Flooding—1233 U.S. assistance before Persian Gulf conflict— Governor—1221 933, 1049 President’s visits—366, 456, 458, 1224 U.S. national emergency—229, 1154, 1155 Primary election results—470 Ireland IMF. See Monetary Fund, International Minister of Foreign Affairs—466 Immigration and naturalization, interdiction of il- Protocol to a treaty with U.S.—1206 legal aliens—818, 831 U.S. Ambassador—726 Immigration Reform, Commission on Legal— Israel 1223 Economic assistance—306, 467 Impasses Panel, Federal Service. See Labor Re- Jerusalem Mayor—1239 lations Authority, Federal Prime Minister—1111, 1123

A–9 Administration of George Bush, 1992

Italy Kuwait International Exposition, Commissioner Gen- See also Persian Gulf conflict eral of the U.S. pavilion—1236 Iraqi reparations for damages—85, 462 President—554, 1230 Reconstruction—273 Prime Minister—1246 Kyrgyzstan Trade with U.S.—73, 369 Trade with U.S.—540, 885 U.S. Ambassador—840 Jamaica, Prime Minister—1228, 1229 James Madison Memorial Fellowship Founda- Labor, Department of tion—1249 Acting Assistant Secretary—1024 Japan Job training—1195 Ambassador to U.S.—132, 630, 1231 Occupational safety and health, report—520 Constitutional revision—1067 Secretary—594, 1196, 1236 Minister of Foreign Affairs—50, 69, 132, 133 Statistics, Bureau of Labor—531 President Bush’s visit—45, 47, 49, 52, 53, 57, Summer jobs program—997, 998 59, 65, 1216 Labor issues Prime Minister—14, 21, 35, 49, 51, 52, 54, 57– See also specific industry 59, 66, 68, 76, 133, 174, 193, 630, 1025, Collective bargaining—589 1054, 1064, 1067, 1094, 1216, 1245 Union dues, employee rights—593 Special Emissary to U.S.—1240 Labor Relations Authority, Federal—195, 1056, Supercomputer safeguard agreement with 1233, 1237 U.S.—519 Labor Relations Board, National—594 Trade with U.S.—10, 12, 13, 20, 46, 47, 55, 59, Laos 63, 68, 73, 76, 88, 107, 125, 132, 136, 444, POW–MIA cooperation with U.S.—1170 597, 630, 860, 865, 1054, 1208 U.S. Ambassador—949 Job Training 2000. See Employment and unem- Latin America ployment See also specific country Joint Chiefs of Staff. See Defense, Department Democracy and freedom—633, 639 of Economic assistance—635 Jordan Environmental cooperation with U.S.—775 King—432 Reforms, political and economic—635 Refugees—433 Justice, Department of Trade with U.S.—636 See also Law enforcement and crime Latin Builders Association—1230 Assistant Attorney Generals—438, 577 Latter-day Saints, Church of Jesus Christ of— Associate Attorney General—347 1247 Attorney General—152, 514, 669, 1222, 1236, Latvia Ambassador to U.S.—1226 1241, 1249 Business and industry, role—529 Econornic assistance—156 Deputy Attorney General—248 President—1246 Drug Enforcement Administration—592, 1026 Trade with U.S.—204 Los Angeles police trial investigation—669 U.S. Ambassador—221 Solicitor General—198 Law enforcement and crime See also Drug abuse and trafficking Kazakhstan Anticrime legislation—161, 239, 376, 515, 706, Nuclear weapons removal—792, 793, 986 731, 773, 1038, 1150 President—792, 793, 1062 Drunk driving—1034 Trade with U.S.—792, 794, 885 Federal funding—152, 1028 U.S. Ambassador—987 Gun control—1034 Kennedy Center. See Smithsonian Institution Health care fraud—1052 Klamath River Compact Commission—1220 International cooperation—133, 283, 369, 437, Korea, North 527 Nuclear weapons development—1065 Juvenile crime—407 President—37 Korea, South Los Angeles civil disturbances—668, 669, 671, Ambassador to U.S.—934 685, 700, 702, 727, 728, 745 Nuclear weapons agreement with North Victims of crime—637 Korea—34, 41 ‘‘Weed and Seed’’ program—741, 745, 749, President—33, 41, 42, 44, 1215, 1216 750 President Bush’s visit—32, 33, 37, 40, 43, 44, League. See other part of subject 1215, 1216 Lecture series, Presidential—1249 Trade with U.S.—36, 38, 42 Legal Services Corporation—1216 U.S. military role—34, 41, 43 Legion, American—841, 1138 Korean Chamber of Commerce—37 Legislative Exchange Council, American—286 Korean War Veterans Memorial—934 Liberty Mutual Insurance Group—102

A–10 Subject Index

Libraries and Information Science, National Medical care. See Health and medical care Commission on—1227 Memorial Day—819 Library and Information Services, White House Mental Retardation, President’s Committee on— Conference on—400 1246 Libya Mexico Air traffic restrictions—607, 608 Arrest of Humberto Alvarez-Machain—940 Compliance with United Nations resolutions— Drug interdiction, cooperation—320, 321, 324, 177 334 Economic sanctions—1094 Environmental cooperation—316, 1223 U.S. national emergency—74 President—188, 322, 324, 327, 330, 334, 635, Line-item veto. See Congress, President’s veto 640, 674, 690, 691, 801, 931, 1066, 1115, authority Literacy, National Institute for—1181 1117, 1224, 1245, 1247 Lithuania Trade with U.S.—189, 298, 322, 447, 497, 548, Ambassador to U.S.—1226 571, 634, 643, 691, 832, 860, 931, 1115, Economic assistance—156 1118, 1141, 1197 President—1246 MIA’s. See Armed Forces, U.S. Trade with U.S.—204 Michigan U.S. Ambassador—222 Education role—601 Los Angeles Recovery, Presidential Task Force Governor—445–448 on—1238 Michigan Team 100—1245 Los Padres Condor Range and River Protection President’s visits—439, 442, 595, 600, 1032, Act—985 1039, 1184, 1245 Louisiana, President’s visit—394 Primary election results—470 Louisiana State University—394 Republican Party event—1039 Luxembourg, Social Security agreement with Welfare reform—1213 U.S.—1153 Micronesia Drought—1238 Madagascar, U.S. Ambassador—617 Typhoon—1221 Maine, President’s visits—1233, 1238 Middle East Malaysia, U.S. Ambassador—989 See also specific country Maldives, U.S. Ambassador—725 Peace efforts—405, 432 Mali, Presidential inauguration, U.S. delega- Military, U.S. See Armed Forces, U.S. tion—1240 Minnesota, flooding and tornadoes—1244 Malta, worker rights—939 Mississippi Management and Budget, Office of—23, 186, President’s visit—397 188, 192, 219, 490, 587, 666, 667, 707 Tornadoes—1228 March for Life—132 Missouri March of Dimes poster child—1229 Governor—162, 184, 1174 Maritime affairs President’s visits—75, 1174, 1178 Conservation of North Pacific anadromous Moldova fish, convention—797 President—272 Estonia-U.S. fishery agreement—1004 Trade with U.S.—885 Fish imports to U.S.—73, 369 U.S. Ambassador—1073 Marshall Islands Monetary Fund, International—179, 473, 523, Tropical storm—1221 539, 567, 595, 659, 794, 953, 984, 1084, 1091– U.S. Ambassador—726 1093, 1162 Martin Luther King, Jr., Federal Holiday—116 Mongolia, trade with U.S.—885 Martin Luther King, Jr., Federal Holiday Com- Monterey Bay National Marine Sanctuary—977 mission—1244 Morocco, King—176, 1219 Maryland Morris Brown College—1245 Health and medical care—762 Morris K. Udall Scholarship and Excellence in President’s visits—121, 245, 303, 759, 820, National Environmental and Native American 873, 1231, 1237, 1243 Public Policy Act of 1992—472 Welfare reform—1056 Mauritania Mortgage Association, Federal National—1221, Ambassador to U.S.—1231 1238 Worker rights—939 Mount Paran Christian School—823, 827 Mauritius, Republic Day ceremonies, U.S. dele- Multilateral Investment Fund. See Developing gation—1225 countries Mayors, U.S. Conference of—1245 Multiple Sclerosis Mother and Father of the Mediation Board, National—1242 Year—1237 Medicaid. See Health and Human Services, De- Muscular dystrophy poster child—1228 partment of Museum Services Board, National—1240

A–11 Administration of George Bush, 1992

Myanmar. See Burma Norway, Prime Minister—899, 900 Notre Dame, University of—785 Narcotics control certification. See Drug abuse Nuclear Regulatory Commission—1222 and trafficking Nuclear Waste Technical Review Board, U.S.— NASA. See Aeronautics and Space Administra- 1220, 1237, 1240 tion, National Nuclear weapons National. See other part of subject See also Arms and munitions Native Americans. See Indians, American Arms control negotiations and agreements— NATO. See North Atlantic Treaty Organization 346, 469, 694, 701, 704, 792, 793, 944, 961, Navy, Department of the 962, 969, 979, 986, 1062, 1088 See also Armed Forces, U.S. Nonproliferation—34, 41, 84, 411, 462, 469, Acting Secretary—1096 1071, 1087, 1110, 1124 Blue Angels precision flying team—1239 Nuclear weapons matters, report—659 Guantanamo Naval Base—818 Reduction proposals—158, 176 Inspector General—1024 Safe disposal—487, 489 Naval Academy, U.S.—820, 1235 Strategic defense programs—158, 493 Secretary—1024 Tactical nuclear weapons returned to U.S.— Sexual harassment investigation—1024 1062, 1065 NBC Television—1216 Netherlands, U.S. Ambassador—772 Oak Ridge National Laboratory—277, 280 Nevada OAS. See States, Organization of American Governor—188, 1225 Occupational Safety and Health Review Com- President’s visit—209, 1221 mission—520 New Hampshire Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Na- President’s visits—88, 94, 99, 102, 105, 109, tional. See Commerce, Department of 235, 238, 240, 249, 250, 253, 258, 260, 262, Odetics, Inc—1203 1221, 1222 Office. See other part of subject Primary election results—272 Ohio New Jersey Governor—208, 673 Coastal storm—1224 President’s visits—205, 616, 671, 675, 808, Governor—187 812, 1172, 1220, 1248 President’s visit—1150 Republican Party events—675, 808, 1248 Welfare reform—1153 Ohio Association of Broadcasters—671 New Mexico Oil. See Energy Flooding—1243 Oklahoma, President’s visit—390 Wilderness preservation, proposed legisla- Olympic games. See Sports tion—817 New York Oman, U.S. Ambassador—758 Conservative Party—1245 Omnibus Insular Areas Act of 1992—300 President’s visits—174, 175, 814, 1026, 1029, Oregon Welfare reform—1213 1245 Wilderness preservation, proposed legisla- Republican Party events—814, 1029 New York Times—707 tion—1161 Organization. See other part of subject New Zealand, U.S. Ambassador—757 News media Outlook Graphics Corp.—1189 Freedom of the press—641 Overseas Private Investment Corporation Roundtable meetings—1243, 1247 (OPIC). Newspaper Association, National—1228 See Development Cooperation Agency, U.S. Newspaper Editors, American Society of—564 International Newspaper Publishers Association, American— See 704 Pacific region. Asia—Pacific region Nicaragua Pacific Salmon Commission, U.S. Commis- President—573, 574, 580 sioners—1241 U.S. Ambassador—321 Pakistan Nigeria Ambassador to U.S.—1226 Legal assistance treaty with U.S.—527 U.S. Ambassador—1118 U.S. Ambassador—618 Panama North Atlantic Treaty Organization—223, 224, Conviction of Manuel Noriega—573, 579 693, 1066, 1082, 1098, 1101, 1105, 1106, 1246 Democracy and freedom—922 North Carolina Government assets held by U.S.—552 President’s visits—649, 1080 President—921, 1242 Republican Party event—649 President Bush’s visit—921, 922, 928, 1242 North Dakota, Governor—190, 191 Sentencing of Manuel Noriega—1109 North Dakota Grain Growers Association—131 Trade with U.S.—73 Northern Virginia Community College—1164 Worker rights—939

A–12 Subject Index

Paraguay, Ambassador to U.S.—1236 Prayer Breakfast, National—168 Park System, National. See Conservation Preservation of America’s Heritage Abroad, Partnership for a Drug-Free America—155, 299, Commission for the—1219, 1222, 1224, 1229, 1176, 1182 1235, 1241 Passover—606 Presidential. See other part of subject Peace Corps—694 President’s. See other part of subject Peace Corps National Advisory Council—1217 Prevention magazine—878 Peace, U.S. Institute of—1006, 1239 Protectionism. See Commerce, international Pennsylvania Education role—609 Public Diplomacy, U.S. Advisory Commission Governor—612 on—1233, 1239 President’s visits—170, 532, 609, 740, 744, Public Service, National Advisory Council on 776, 914, 1145, 1236, 1237 the—1217, 1224 Republican Party events—744, 776, 914 Puerto Rico Pension Benefit Guaranty Corporation—1234 Flooding—1218 Persian Gulf conflict Statehood—641 See also specific country Families of British casualties—910 Qatar, U.S. Ambassador—562 Financial costs, U.S. and international—230 News media coverage—641 Radio and Television Correspondents Associa- Post-conflict assessment—116, 568 tion—1228 United Nations Security Council resolutions— Railroad industry, labor disputes—1001, 1016, 84, 230, 419, 449, 461, 587, 774, 1124, 1145, 1021, 1230 1182, 1183 Railroad Safety Act of 1970, Federal, 1990 re- Personnel Management, Office of—1010 port—1241 Peru Reclamation States Emergency Drought Relief Drug interdiction, cooperation—320, 324, 334 Act of 1991—388 Economic assistance—341 Reconstruction and Development, International Expropriation of U.S.-owned property—938 Bank for—179, 499, 523, 539, 567, 1094 Government crisis—542, 581 Red Cross, American—1239, 1240 President—318, 324, 328, 329, 331, 333, 334, Red Cross, International—86, 775, 839, 1125 342, 644, 1223 Red River Compact Commission—1240 Trade with U.S.—1078 Philippines Refugees. See specific country or region Battle of Bataan, 50th anniversary observance, Regulatory reform. See Government agencies U.S. delegation—1232 and employees Presidential inauguration, U.S. delegation— Rehabilitation Hospital, National—1235 1244 Religious Broadcasters, National—151 U.S. Ambassador—977 Republican Congressional Committee, Na- Points of Light tional—1225 See also Voluntarism Republican Eagles—1231, 1232 Recipients—345, 681, 1287 Republican Leadership Conference, Southern— Poland 292 Economic assistance—1084 Republican National Committee—423, 1220, Export controls—518 1242 Ignacy Paderewski, return of remains—1021, Republican Party 1083 College Republican National Committee— Nuclear energy cooperation with U.S.—469 1017 President—456, 595, 1063, 1082, 1245 Congressional leadership—411, 477, 503, 660, President Bush’s visit—1082, 1083, 1245 879, 912, 1227, 1229 Prime Minister—595 Georgia Republican Party—356 Reforms, political and economic—1097 Health care task force—999 U.S. private sector investment—595 Polish American organizations—1244 Inaugural anniversary gala—1220 Polish National Alliance—456 Presidential campaign. See Elections Political action committees. See Elections, con- President’s Dinner—660 gressional campaign financing Utah Republican leaders—1247 Republican Senatorial Committee, National— Pollution. See Environment Portugal 1225, 1227, 1231 President—79 Republican Senatorial Trust, National—1222 Prime Minister—570 Republican Women, National Federation of— Postal Service, U.S.—1231 1228 Potomac River Basin, Interstate Commission on Research and development. See Science and the—1239 technology; Taxation POW’s. See Armed Forces, U.S. Reserve System, Federal—159, 365, 586, 1008

A–13 Administration of George Bush, 1992

Resolution Trust Corporation—1215, 1217 Super collider—1050, 1200, 1207 Retail Federation, National—794 Science and Technology, National Medals of— Richard Nixon Library—428 1002 Risk Assessment and Management Commis- Science and Technology Policy, Office of—509 sion—1243 Science Bowl, National—1234 Romania Science Foundation, National—244, 1194, 1229 Ambassador to U.S.—1236 Science Olympiad, National—510 Trade with U.S.—885, 999, 1000 Science, President’s Committee on the National Rotary International—1221 Medal of—1247 Russia Ambassador to U.S.—1226 SDI. See Nuclear weapons, strategic defense pro- Arms control negotiations and agreements— grams 932, 944, 961, 962, 964, 969, 979, 987 Security and Cooperation in Europe, Conference on—438, 1087, 1104 Economic assistance—958, 960, 984, 1044, Security Council, National 1064, 1093, 1102 Assistants to President First Deputy Prime Minister—126, 659, 960 National Security Affairs—52, 219, 405, 571, 574 Investment treaty with U.S.—1198 National Security Affairs, Deputy—231 Minister of Economics and Finance—179, 523 Special Assistants to President for National Se- Minister of Foreign Affairs—523, 913, 1241 curity Affairs—833, 1010 POW–MIA investigation—482, 933, 943, 946, Security, national. See Defense and national se- 957, 1043 curity President—128, 158, 176, 177, 197, 364, 412, Senate Republican Conference—1236 419, 473, 494, 523–526, 567, 579, 659, 942– Senior Executive Service. See Government agen- 944, 950, 951, 953, 961, 962, 964, 967, 969, cies and employees 979, 983, 984, 1043, 1062, 1064, 1098, 1100, Seychelles, U.S. Ambassador—1073 1152, 1220, 1243, 1246 Sheriff’s Youth Athletic League—852 Summit in Washington, DC—942–947, 950– Sierra Leone, U.S. Ambassador—531 964, 967, 1243 Singapore Trade with U.S.—540, 885, 953, 963 President—20, 1215 U.S. Ambassador—952 President Bush’s visit—20, 25, 1215 U.S. private sector investment—952 Prime Minister—20, 1215 Senior Minister—1215 Sabine River Compact Administration—1054 Trade with U.S.—20, 28 Saint Lawrence Seaway Development Corpora- U.S. Ambassador—966 tion. See Transportation, Department of U.S. military role—20, 27 Samoa, Western, U.S. Ambassador—757 Small Business Administration—494, 705, 713, San Antonio Spurs Drug-Free Youth Basketball 717, 719, 720, 754, 997, 998 League—344 Small Business Legislative Council—201 Sao Tome and Principe, U.S. Ambassador—764 Small business. See Business and industry Satmor community—1233 Small Enterprises, Council of (COSE)—207 Saudi Arabia, U.S. Ambassador—887 Smithsonian Institution Scholars, Commission on Presidential—1226, Advisory Committee on the Arts, John F. Ken- 1247 nedy Center for the Performing Arts—1220, Scholars, Presidential—967 1234 Scholarship Board, J. William Fulbright For- John F. Kennedy Center for the Performing eign—1240 Arts—1216 Social Security—220, 275, 276, 580, 1153 School Superintendent of the Year, National— Society. See other part of subject 1244 Somalia, civil disorder—1194 Schools Development Corp., New American— South Africa 1244 Economic assistance—272 Schools. See specific institution; Education President—471, 486 Science and technology U.S. Ambassador—726 Biotechnology—298 South America. See specific country; Latin Amer- Environmental role—873 ica Export controls—518 South Carolina Health care technology—440 Governor—382, 404, 1246 International cooperation—512, 1093 President’s visits—292, 382, 386, 1223 National technology initiative—241, 277, 281 South Dakota, flooding and tornadoes—1245 Research and development—280, 480, 1003, South East Asian Nations, Association of—27, 1207 1215 Space program. See Space program Southern Methodist University—781

A–14 Subject Index

Southern States Energy Board—1223 State, Department of—Continued Soviet Union. See Commonwealth of Independ- Treaties and conventions, reports—134, 314, ent States 369, 527, 529, 530, 1206, 1207 Space Council, National—902 Under Secretaries—710, 913 Space program State Justice Institute—765, 1021, 1218 Environmental role—902 State Legislatures, National Conference of—434 Funding—142 State of the Union Address—156 International cooperation—512 States, Organization of American—199, 551, 581, Shuttle 141 838 Space station—142 Steeltech Manufacturing, Inc.—450 Spain Strategic arms reduction talks. See Nuclear Prime Minister—528 weapons, arms control negotiations and agree- Treaties with U.S.—133, 369 ments U.S. Ambassador—637 Strategic Defense Initiative. See Nuclear weap- Universal Exposition, Commissioner General ons, strategic defense programs of Structural Impediments Initiative (SII). See U.S. exhibition—1234 Sports Japan, trade with U.S. Auto racing—1079 Stryker Corp.—439 Baseball—557, 1247 Sudan, U.S. Ambassador—562 Basketball—604, 1232 Summit meetings Football—475, 626, 1218 Munich economic summit. See Economic sum- Hunting, fishing, and camping—1129–1131, mit, international 1133 San Antonio drug summit. See Drug abuse and Olympic games—559, 1220, 1243 trafficking Soccer—140 Washington, DC, summit. See Russia Sri Lanka Super collider. See Science and technology U.S. Ambassador—725 Supreme Court of the U.S.—556, 940, 1009, Worker rights—938 1032, 1116 St. Patrick’s Day—436, 466 Suriname, President—193, 194 Stanford University—604 Sweden START. See Nuclear weapons, arms control ne- Prime Minister—284, 285, 1222 gotiations and agreements U.S. Ambassador—949 State and local governments Switzerland, President—1221 See also specific State or subject Syria Cities, Federal aid—687, 700, 705, 707, 713, Export controls, U.S.—518 Jewish community, lifting of restrictions—648 720, 730 President—648, 649 Education—601, 609—612, 1012, 1015, 1025 Trade with U.S.—939 Federal block grants—269, 287, 436 Worker rights—938 Health and medical care—208, 673 Job training—599, 1195 Tailhook incident. See Navy, Department of the, Lieutenant Governors, meeting—1232 sexual harassment investigation Privatization of infrastructure assets—674 Tajikistan Welfare reform—162, 183, 287, 294, 311, 318, Diplomatic relations with U.S.—284 577–579, 582, 588, 592, 708, 1194, 1212 Trade with U.S.—885, 886 State, Department of U.S. Ambassador—1073 Ambassadors. See specific country Tanzania, U.S. Ambassador—712 Arms Control Negotiations and Disarmament, Taxation Special Representative—1007 See also Budget, Federal Assistant Secretaries—607, 649, 839, 859, 988 Capital gains—29, 77, 88, 147, 160, 171, 196, Claims settlements with foreign govern- 202, 254, 267, 281, 289, 454, 495, 621, 651, ments—1125 677, 983 Defense and Space, Chief Negotiator—988 Enterprise zones. See Enterprise zones Environmental role—903 Family tax credits—409 Foreign Service—1162 Health insurance tax credits and deductions— Policy Planning Staff, Director—945 207 Refugee assistance—838 Homebuyers tax credits—789 Secretary—12, 178–180, 243, 273, 284, 285, Legislation—346, 357, 360, 364, 365, 374, 376, 306, 313, 321, 351, 419, 467, 474, 490, 502, 380, 384, 388, 391, 395, 398, 411, 418, 419, 518, 523, 539, 550, 649, 701, 711, 792, 798, 435, 450, 460, 476, 481, 506, 1187, 1199 893, 901, 1052, 1111, 1216, 1218, 1220, Payroll tax deposits—754 1222, 1223, 1227–1241, 1243, 1244, 1249 Research and development tax credits—161, Senior Coordinator—215 281, 480

A–15 Administration of George Bush, 1992

Taxation—Continued Treasury, Department of the—Continued Tax cut proposals—90, 159, 162, 171, 184, 196, Secretary—53, 57, 159, 171, 179, 226, 523, 198, 202, 353, 380, 440 608, 790, 838, 868, 901, 1218, 1221, 1223, Taxpayers Association, Howard Jarvis—989 1225, 1230, 1233, 1235, 1238, 1242, 1248 Teacher of the Year, National—543 Under Secretary—576 Teachers. See Education Treaties and conventions. See specific country, Technology. See Science and technology region, or subject; State, Department of Telecommunications Advisory Committee, Presi- Trinidad and Tobago, Prime Minister—757 dent’s National Security—1217, 1237 Tunas, International Commission for the Con- Telecommunications. See Communications servation of Atlantic—1238 Tennessee, President’s visits—274, 277, 278, 386 Turkey Tennessee Valley Authority—1043 Cyprus conflict. See Cyprus Terrorism, Pan American plane crash in Scot- Minister of Foreign Affairs—313, 711 land—607, 608 President—660 Texas Prime Minister—223, 225, 438, 710, 1051, Flooding—1228 1221, 1246 Governor—187 Turkmenistan President’s visits—318–320, 322, 324, 333, 344, Diplomatic relations with U.S.—284 347, 350, 352, 780, 781, 868, 993, 1200, Trade with U.S.—885, 886 1223, 1224 U.S. Ambassador—966 Republican Party events—868, 993 Thailand Ukraine Civil disturbances—802 Ambassador to U.S.—1236 Prime Minister—802 International Science and Technology Center, U.S. Ambassador—802 establishment—704 Worker rights—939 Minister of Foreign Affairs—701 Tornadoes. See Disaster assistance Nuclear weapons removal—694, 704, 986 Torture Victim Protection Act of 1991—437 President—346, 487, 525, 526, 579, 693, 703, Toys-R-Us—47, 56 1062, 1236, 1246 Trade and Development Program. See Develop- Trade with U.S.—694, 703, 885 ment Cooperation Agency, U.S. International U.S. Ambassador—512 Trade Commission, Federal—529 Unemployment. See Employment and unemploy- Trade Commission, U.S. International—939, ment 940, 1242, 1243 United Arab Emirates, U.S. Ambassador—798 Trade Policy and Negotiations, Advisory Com- United Kingdom mittee for—1217, 1247 Elections—420 Trade Representative, Office of the U.S.—133, Prime Minister—420, 522, 578, 579, 904, 905, 630, 798, 860, 1070 1219, 1240 United Nations Trade. See specific country or region; Com- Atomic Energy Agency, Intemational—34, 84, merce, international 462, 469, 774, 1065, 1087, 1124, 1183 Transportation. See specific industry Civil and Political Rights, International Cov- Transportation, Department of Assistant Secretaries—689, 1246 enant on—901 Associate Deputy Secretary—1057 Cyprus conflict. See Cyprus Coast Guard, U.S.—818 Environment and development conference. Deputy Secretary—689 See Environment and Development, United Federal Aviation Administration—520 Nations Conference on General Counsel—877 Financing peacekeeping activities—527 Saint Lawrence Seaway Development Cor- High Commissioner for Refugees—839 poration—880, 1247 Human Rights Commission—377, 1218 Secretary—123, 291, 415, 608, 838, 1001, Payments of U.S. assessments and arrears— 1016, 1244 219 Transportation Safety Board, National—1231 Persian Gulf conflict. See Persian Gulf conflict Treasury, Department of the Refugee assistance. See specific country or re- Assistant Secretaries—150, 577 gion; Refugees Comptroller of the Currency—807 Secretary-General Boutros-Ghali—175, 176, Cuban economic sanctions, authority to penal- 313, 580, 710, 752, 753, 1051, 1052, 1088, ize violators—616 1194, 1207 Customs Service, U.S.—769 Secretary-General Perez de Cuellar—312 Foreign Assets Control, Office of—229, 551, Security Council—35, 175, 1124 552, 769, 1095 U.S. Government activities, report—194 Internal Revenue Service—150, 754 U.S. Representatives—301, 312, 449, 950, 978

A–16 Subject Index

United Nations—Continued Welfare system, reform—162, 183, 287, 294, Women, Commission on the Status of, U.S. 311, 317, 357, 373, 380, 383, 391, 394, 398, delegation—1226 409, 453, 459, 577–579, 582, 588, 592, 708, Yugoslavia conflict. See Yugoslavia 749, 750, 795, 991, 1056, 1153, 1188, 1194, United Nations, U.S. Commission on Improving 1210, 1212 the Effectiveness of the—1228 White House commemorative stamp—631 United Negro College Fund—413, 780, 1237 White House Correspondents’ Association—1236 United Service Organizations, Inc.—1218 White House fellows—882, 1244 U.S. See other part of subject White House news photographers—1244 Universities and colleges. See specific institution; White House Office Education Assistants to President Upper Colorado River Commission—1057 Legislative Affairs—87 Uruguay round tariff negotiations. See Com- Management and Administration—86 merce, international, General Agreement on National Security Affairs—52, 219, 405, 571, 574 Tariffs and Trade National Security Affairs, Deputy—231 Utah President’s visit—1129, 1135, 1247 Presidential Personnel, Associate Director—965 Republican Party event—1247 Public Liaison and Intergovernmental Affairs— Welfare reform—1213 149 Wilderness preservation, proposed legisla- Science and Technology—776 tion—1023 Chief of Staff—801, 1216–1245, 1248, 1249 Uzbekistan Counselor to President and Press Secretary— Diplomatic relations—284 87, 123, 134, 149, 193, 194, 215, 221, 232, Trade with U.S.—885 241, 247, 272, 284, 286, 291, 303, 312, 346, U.S. Ambassador—840 370, 389, 432, 438, 471, 473, 494, 502, 506, 512, 528, 595, 606, 607, 649, 659, 660, 670, Valley Children’s Hospital—867 684, 740, 753, 756, 757, 765, 833, 839, 881, Vanuatu, trade with U.S.—73 Venezuela 900, 902, 940, 977, 1021, 1024, 1025, 1053, Drug interdiction, cooperation—320, 324, 334 1057, 1078, 1079, 1096, 1108, 1111, 1168, Minister of Foreign Affairs—324, 328, 334 1194, 1199, 1229 President—329, 580, 1219 Deputy Assistants to President Trade with U.S.—73 Counselor to Chief of Staff—115 Venture Capital Association, National—203 Intergovernmental Affairs, Director—543 Vermont Legislative Affairs, Director—471 Flooding—1228 Media Affairs—474 Governor—192 Veterans Policy Development—302 Benefits—842 Presidential Advance, Director—231 Employment—973 Presidential Messages and Correspondence—941 Korean war memorial—934 Public Liaison—200, 684 Presidential campaign role. See Elections Public Liaison, Director—542 Service organizations, meetings with Presi- White House Military Office, Director—303 dent—841, 1225 Deputy Chief of Staff—149 Veterans Affairs, Department of, Secretary— Physician to President—506 1222 Special Assistants to President Veterans of World War 11, Korea & Vietnam Deputy Press Secretaries—517, 540, 542, 554, (AMVETS), American—1234 574, 627, 709, 902, 1207 Vietnam Intergovernmental Affairs—791 Economic sanctions—21 Legislative Affairs (House)—72 POW–MIA cooperation with U.S.—1170 Virgin Islands, historical park and ecological pre- Legislative Affairs (Senate)—200 serve—300 Media Affairs, Deputy Director—924 Virginia National Security Affairs—833, 1010 Flooding—1238 Presidential Appointments and Scheduling, Dep- President’s visits—1160, 1164, 1168 uty Director—200 Voluntarism—72, 218, 410, 622, 681, 719, 739, Presidential Personnel for National Security 747, 767, 867 Affairs, Associate Director—154 Public Liaison—911, 927 Washington, DC. See District of Columbia Speechwriting, Deputy Director—164 Washington Redskins—626 Wholesaler-Distributors, National Association Weapons. See Arms and munitions of—135 ‘‘Weed and Seed’’ program. See Law enforce- Wisconsin ment and crime Education programs—1012

A–17 Administration of George Bush, 1992

Wisconsin—Continued Yemen, export controls—519 Governor—188, 453, 577–579, 583, 588, 592, Young Astronauts Council—141 1188, 1191, 1195 Young Presidents’ Organization—619 Job training—1195 Youth for Tomorrow—1230 President’s visits—450, 452, 1188, 1189, 1227 Youth. See specific subject; Children and youth Welfare reform—577–579, 582, 589, 592, Yugoslavia 1188, 1194 Bosnia. See Bosnia-Hercegovina Women in the Armed Forces, Commission on the Assignment of—1226 Civil conflict—983, 1066–1068, 1085, 1101, Woodrow Wilson International Center for Schol- 1102, 1106 ars—1218 Economic sanctions—893, 909 Worker rights. See specific country Former republics, U.S. recognition—553, 1079 World Bank. See Reconstruction and Develop- Refugees—839 ment, International Bank for United Nations Security Council resolutions— World War II, 50th anniversary observance—887 901 Wyoming U.S. national emergency—868, 901 President’s visit—1119, 1126, 1247 Wilderness preservation, proposed legisla- Zambia, President—284 tion—1193

A–18 Name Index

Aaron, Benjamin—1230 Aware, Qadir—1287 Abendschein, Mrs. Walter F.—1249 Aylwin, Patricio—758, 765 Abendschein, Walter F.—1249 ’Aziz, Tariq—449, 462 Abrahamson, James Alan—1251 Abram, Morris—1219 Baas, Marc Allen—248, 1252 Abramson, Albert—1241 Bagley, Nicole—1287 Acker, Duane—483, 1254 Bailey, William—1223, 1252 Adamovich, Shirley Gray—1252 Baird, Lourdes G.—1254 Adams, Walter (Dean)—1289 Bakaly, Charles G., Jr.—1237 Adamson, Terrence B.—1021, 1261 Baker, James A., III—12, 178, 306, 313, 333, Addington, David Spears—483, 1254 419, 432, 467, 468, 502, 523–525, 582, 649, Agnew, Harold M.—1251 701, 711, 792, 893, 932, 945, 959, 1111, 1113, Agresto, John—1252 1120–1122, 1216, 1218, 1220, 1222, 1223, Aguirre, Juan Esteban—1236 1227, 1229–1241, 1243, 1244, 1247, 1249 Aho, Esko—1237 Baki, Mehmet Fatin (Fred)—1289 Ainina, Mohamed Fall—1231 Balladur, Edouard—1240 Albright, Clarence H., Jr.—637, 1256 Bangerter, Norman H.—1136 Alexander, Donald Herman—772, 1258, 1262 Bankoff, Barbara A.—1243 Alexander, Lamar—7, 79, 279, 510, 515, 584, Banks, Charles A.—1254 824, 949, 1011, 1145, 1147, 1148, 1233 Bansal, Anarug—968 Alibrandi, Joe—1014 Barclay, H. Douglas—1010, 1261 Allbaugh, Joe M.—1225 Barr, William P.—152, 479, 529, 669, 1222, Allday, Martin L.—561 1236, 1241, 1249 Allen, Clarence R.—1237 Barrett, Dennis P.—617, 1256 Althouse, William J.—1245 Barry, Robert L.—670, 1257 Alvarez, Everett—841, 1218 Bartholomew, Reginald—693, 1257 Alvarez-Machain, Humberto—940 Barton, Joe—1201 Alvarez-Reyes, Maria Ana—1289 Basora, Adrian A.—683, 1257 Amato, Giuliano—1246 Beall, James Robert—1239 Anan Panyarachun—802 Beek, Harry—594 Anderson, Debra Rae—1217 Begin, Menachem—405 Anderson, Donald M.—1221 Beightol, David J.—1238 Anderson, Percy—1253 Belknap, Margaret H.—882 Andrews, David—466, 467 Benedi, Antonio—200 Andriessen, Frans—860 Benitez, Juan A.—1251 Angelou, Maya—282 Bentsen, Lloyd—762 Annenberg, Walter H.—414 Bergen, Suzanne—1287 Antall, Jozsef—1106 Bergeron, Nancy—1289 Anthony, Greg—1243 Bergeron, Rene—1289 Archer, Bill—227, 1060 Berisha, Sali—936 Argyros, George L.—1238 Berle, Milton—680 Aristide, Jean-Bertrand—831, 838, 908 Berlin, Irving—1234 Armendariz, Tony—1233, 1256 Berman, Julius—1229 Armstrong, Anne—1251 Besser, Chaskel—1219 Aronson, Bernard W.—573, 692 Bildt, Carl—284, 285, 1216, 1222 Ashcroft, John D.—162, 184, 368, 1174, 1175, Bilorus, Oleh Hrygorovych—1236 1177, 1178, 1180, 1227 Bin Shakir, Sharif—432 Ashe, Victor H.—1227, 1231 Binns, James H., Jr.—1251 Ashley, Thomas Ludlow—1238 Binns, W. Gordon, Jr.—1234 Assad, Hafiz al- —649 Bird, George Milton—1288 Atwater, H. Lee—169 Black, Marvin—354 Aucbter, Thorne G.—1243 Black, Susan H.—1253 Augustine, Norman R.—1239 Blackburn, Walter Scott—1119, 1262 Austin, Al—374 Blackwell, John Kenneth—1218

B–1 Administration of George Bush, 1992

Blakey, Marion Clifton—1246 Butterworth, Ritajean Hartung—1259 Blanco, Paul—1232 Blankenhorn, David—1177, 1227 Caesar, Shirley—282 C˘ alfa, Marı´an—579, 1232 Block, Sherman—852 Calio, Nicholas E.—87 Boeke, Gwendolyn—1226 Bolten, Joshua B.—471 Callejas, Rafael—709 Bond, Rich—424 Campbell, Carroll A., Jr.—292, 1246, 1249 Bondar, Roberta L.—144, 145 Campbell, James O.—1246 Bonilla-Mathe, Salvador—1221, 1238 Campbell, Kurt M.—882 Bookout, John Frank, Jr.—887, 1259 Campbell, R. Edgar—1262 Boren, David L.—535 Cannon, Joseph A.—1241 Borja, Rodrigo—324, 332, 1219, 1223 Cantlon, John E.—1237 Boskin, Michael J.—221, 1244 Cantor, Paul A.—1230 Boudin, Michael—1253 Capen, Richard Goodwin, Jr.—637, 1256 Boutros-Ghali, Boutros—176, 313, 505, 516, 580, Card, Andrew H., Jr—123, 124, 291, 415, 1001, 710, 752, 753, 1051, 1052, 1194, 1207 1016, 1237, 1242, 1244, 1252 Bowen, Rose—123 Carnes, Edward E.—638, 1251 Brademas, John—1224 Carr, Kenneth R.—1251 Bradley, Joan S.—1220 Carrington, Peter—893, 1066, 1102 Bradley, Tom—669, 671, 685, 698, 702, 848, Carter, Jimmy—1231 850, 1140 Carver, George A., Jr.—1251 Brady, Nicholas F.—57, 159, 171, 179, 221, 523, Casey, Albert Vincent—72, 1215, 1217 524, 790, 1218, 1221, 1223, 1225, 1230, 1233, Casey, Richard Conway—1261 1235, 1238, 1242, 1244, 1248 Castro, Fidel—376, 377, 379, 615, 805 Branstad, Terry E.—190 Cavaco Silva, Anibal—570, 625 Breger, Marshall Jordan—1024 Cetin, Hikmet—313, 711 Brenner, Glenn—86 Chait, Allan S.—1221 Brewer, Gary—1237 Chamorro, Violeta—573, 574 Brimmer, Susan—1287 Chao, Elaine—1244 Brimmer, Terry—1287 Chapados, Gregory F.—791, 1258 Brock, David—1218, 1252 Cheek, James E.—247 Bromley, D. Allan—776, 1244 Cheney, Dick—23, 158, 179, 309, 316, 467, 935, Brook, Douglas Alan—1010 1024, 1066, 1204, 1216, 1217, 1224, 1228, Brooks, Linton F.—1111, 1262 1232, 1233, 1236, 1240, 1241 Brown, Denise Scott—1159 Chiechi, Carolyn P.—1262 Brown, Derek—1173 Chiles, Lawton—390 Brown, Edmund G., Jr. (Jerry)—446 Chilton-O’Dell, Shirley—1251 Brown, Floyd—1117, 1247 Chiluba, Frederick—284 Brown, Kenneth L.—889, 1259 Chretien, Jean—1222 Brown, Kent N.—1074, 1261 Chunn-Duncan, Phyllis—1289 Brundtland, Gro Harlem—899, 900 Clare, David R.—1226 Brunelle, Philip—1232, 1256 Clark, George L., Jr.—1238 Bucelo, Armando J., Jr.—1238 Clark, Jeannine Smith—1231 Buchanan, Pat—247, 275, 307, 350, 405, 406, Clark, William, Jr.—649, 1256 417, 420, 421, 557, 894 Clarke, Henry Lee—840, 1259 Buckley, William—1227 Clarke, Mary E.—1226 Budd, Wayne A.—347, 1253 Cline, John A.—791 Burbulis, Gennadiy—126 Clinton, Bill—584, 586, 890, 1122, 1123, 1140 Burgess, John F.—1219 Cockerham, Samuel G.—1226 Burke, Jim—72, 1176, 1182 Cohen, Herman Jay—1252 Busey, James B.—241 Cole, Bruce—1230 Bush, Barbara—52, 61, 62, 94, 100, 125, 143, Coleman, Ronald D.—1047 217, 556–558, 606, 827, 973 Colgan, Catherine C.—1235 Bush, Frederick Morris—1234 Collins, Herbert F.—1234 Bush, George W.—582 Collor, Fernando—256, 585, 752, 753, 925, 933, Bush, John—780 1242 Bush, John E. (Jeb)—377, 420 Colson, David A.—1241 Bush, Margaret—1225, 1243 Colton, Kent—146 Bush, Marvin—1243 Connelly, Barbara Catherine—1289 Bush, Walter—1288 Connolly, John E.—1218, 1252 Butler, Abbey J.—1234 Cooney, Thomas, Sr—1288

B–2 Administration of George Bush, 1992

Cooper, Tom—1288 DiNunno, Joseph J.—1257 Corcoran, John—1181, 1262 Dixon-Darnell, Irene—1289 Cording, Edward J.—1240 Dolan, Beverly F.—101 Cossiga, Francesco—554 Dole, Bob—756, 905, 906 Costiglio, Lawrence U.—1217 Domodon, Oscar—1244 Cotton, F. Albert—1229, 1254 Donnelly, Elaine—1226 Coughlin, Lawrence—534 Dorn, Nancy P.—390 Coughlin, Susan M.—1231 dos Santos, Jose´—1207 Courtney, William Harrison—987, 1260 Douglas, Virginia Stanley—1255 Covello, Alfred V.—1254 Dowdy, Nancy M.—1007 Covey, James P.—607, 1256 Doyle, Joyce A.—1258 Cristiani, Alfredo—303 Draude, Thomas V.—1226 Crouch, Helen B.—1181, 1262 Dugan, John Cunningham—577, 1256 Csorba, Les T.—154 Dumas, Roland—740 Cuomo, Mario—68 Duna, William Anthony—1241 Curry, Jerry Ralph—1256 Duncan-Peters, Stephanie—1251 Daffron, John F., Jr.—765, 1258 Dunford, David J.—758, 1258 D’Amato, Alfonse M.—1029 Dunkel, Arthur—6 Damich, Edward J.—1253 Duran Ache, Armando—324 Dana, Howard H., Jr.—1216 Duran-Ballen, Sixto—1199 Danforth, John C.—1164, 1166 Durenberger, Dave—763 Dantzler, Lou E.—852, 1156 Darling, Sharon—1181, 1262 Eagleburger, Lawrence S.—933 Darman, Richard G.—23, 186, 188, 192, 221, Easton, John J., Jr.—1074, 1261 585, 587, 1244 Edgar, Jim—1181, 1221, 1262 Daub, Hal—1224 Edmo, William D., Sr.—1229 Davidson, Don—1289 Edwards, William—1232 Davidson, Jane L.S.—1242 Eissey, Edward Michael—1229 Davis, Jean Marie—1289 Eitel Sheehan, Maria Solandros—924 Davis, Lawrence O.—1253 Ekeus, Rolf—462, 587, 774, 1183, 1184 Davis, Michael L.—1219 Elisha, Walter Y.—1247 Davis, Ruth A.—965, 1260 Elliott, Emerson J.—1255 Davis, Vicki—1288 Ellis, Nancy—1220 Dawson, Mimi Weyforth—1241 Emperor Akihito—61, 65, 1216 Day, Osborne—1220 Empress Michiko—61, 1216 de Blay, Maria Santos—1288 Endara, Guillermo—921, 1242 de Klerk, Frederik Willem—471, 486 Engen, D. Travis—1237 Deal, Timothy—221 Engler, John—445–448 Dean, Howard—192 Ensenat, Donald Burnham—840, 1259 Del Junco, Tirso—1249 Erb, Karl A.—509 Deland, Michael R.—138 Escalante, Jaime—826 Delgadillo, Pedro (Pete)—1289 Escobar, Pablo—1168 DelliBovi, Alfred A.—1238 Escudero, Stanley Tuemler—1073, 1261 Delors, Jacques—570, 625, 1246 Evans, Daniel F., Jr.—1217 Demirel, Suleyman—223, 225, 438, 710, 1051, 1221, 1246 Fairbanks, Shannon—1238 Denktash, Rauf—516, 710, 1051 Farley, Michael R.—1220 Dennis, Patricia Diaz—988, 1260 Farrell, J. Michael—1227, 1260 Derwinski, Edward J.—1222 Fauci, Anthony S.—1075, 1144 Dessart, Gloria—1289 Fawell, Harris W.—508, 513 Deukmejian, George—1241 Fay, Albert Bel—364 Deveaux, Jon—1181, 1262 Feith, Dalck—1225 deVos, Peter Jon—712, 1257 Felber, Rene—1221 DeWine, Mike—673 Fetzer, William Paul—1289 Dickinson, William L.—1222 Fields, David C.—726, 1257 DiClerico, Joseph A., Jr.—1256 Finch, Mary M.—1226 Diemer, Christine M.—1238 Finch, Raymond L.—1260 Dilweg, Vivi L.—1218,1252 Findlay, D. Cameron—115 DiMartino, Rita—1218 Firestone, Laurie—1225 Dimitrov, Filip—370 Fisher, George M.C.—1247 Dinbergs, Anatol—1226 Fisher, Mary—1075

B–3 Administration of George Bush, 1992

FitzGerald, William Henry Gerald—726, 1257 Goh Chok Tong—20, 1215 Fitzwater, Marlin—87, 123, 134, 149, 193, 221, Gold, Barbara George—1242 232, 241, 247, 272, 284, 286, 291, 312, 350, Goldberg, Fred T., Jr.—150, 1251 370, 389, 432, 438, 471, 473, 482, 494, 502, Goldberg, Steven H.—1242 506, 512, 528, 557, 591, 595, 606, 607, 648, Goldberger, Levi—1219 649, 659, 660, 670, 684, 709, 740, 753, 756, Goldin, Daniel S.—417, 873, 1254 757, 765, 833, 839, 881, 894, 900, 902, 940, Goldwater, Barry M.—841, 843 977, 1021, 1024, 1025, 1053, 1057, 1065, 1078, Golub, Lawrence E.—883 1079, 1096, 1108, 1111, 1194, 1199, 1229 Gonza´lez, Felipe—528 Fitzwater, Sidney A.—1251 Gonzalez, Irma E.—1255 Flanigan, Timothy E.—577, 1256 Goodman, Bruce D.—1230 Fleming, James—755 Goodman, N. Victor—1237 Fleming, Thomas—544 Goodwin, Robert F.—757, 1258 Florio, Jim—187 Goodwin, Robert K.—247 Flower, Kim—1249 Gorbachev, Mikhail—181, 933 Floyd, Thomas—1289 Gorbunovs, Anatolijs—1246 Fong, Clayton S.—684 Gordon, Robert L., III—883 Forbes, Malcolm S., Jr.—1243, 1261 Gorton, Nathaniel M.—1256 Forest, Jeremy—251 Gower, Jeff—1288 Foster, Badi G.—1181 Grabe, Ronald J.—143 Foxman, Abraham H.—1241 Gradison, Willis D., Jr.—535, 884, 1164, 1166 Frank, Anthony M.—1231 Grady, James Thomas—1232, 1256 Frankel, Hertz—1230 Graham, Billy—367 Franklin, Barbara Hackman—346, 369, 491, 619, Gramm, Phil—868 792, 1241, 1251 Frasure, Robert C.—221, 1252 Gray, C. Boyden—479 Freeman, Harold P.—1235 Gray, William H., III—413, 414 Friedersdorf, Max L.—1239 Green, Clara—1289 Friedlander, Abraham—1219 Green, Shirley M.—941 Frieman, Edward A.—1247 Greene, Stephen—592 Frohnmayer, John E.—290 Greenspan, Alan—365, 1162, 1262 Froman, Michael B.G.—882 Gregg, Donald P.—1215 Frusti, John—1235 Gregg, Judd—253, 263 Fujimori, Alberto—318, 324, 329, 331, 333, 342, Gribbin, Robert E., III—712, 1257 542, 644, 1223 Griffith, Melanie—1220 Fuller, Ronald N.—1225 Guzzetta, Mark A.—1054 Furrh, James B., Jr.—1223 Hagan, Joseph H.—1230 Gable, Robert E.—1234 Haley, Alex—220 Gaddy, Bea—1287 Halfon, Joseph—1223 Gaffney, J. Brian—1238 Hall, J. Blakeley—1216 Gallucci, Robert L.—215, 859, 1259 Hamerow, Theodore S.—1230 Galvin, John—1245 Hamilton Lee H.—535 Garrett, H. Lawrence, III—1024 Hanen, Andrew S.—1253 Garza, Carlos R.—1218, 1252 Hansen, C. LeRoy—1253 Gates, Robert M.—528 Hansen, William Dean—554, 1255 Gaughan, John A.—303 Hardy, Hugh—1252 Gaviria, Ce´sar—319, 324, 330, 333, 1168, 1223 Harper, John C.—690 Gaydar, Yegor—179, 523, 659, 960, 1100, 1102 Harrington, Richard—1135 Gebre-Christos, Berhane—1231 Harris, Alice—1287 Gellhorn, Walter—1224 Harrison, Patricia—1226 Genetti, Albert J., Jr.—1255 Harvey, Thomas E.—1258 Gershowitz, Harold—1241 Hassell, Richard—1288 Gilbert, John Phil—1261 Hatch, Orrin G.—1137 Gill, Steven L.—883 Hauer, Chuck—1288 Gilleran, James E.—807, 1258 Hauer, Penny—1288 Gillum, Ronald M.—1181, 1262 Havel, Va´clav—540, 909, 1106, 1107, 1144 Gingrich, Newt—117, 356, 905 Hawke, Robert—2, 1215 Giuliano, Daniel—1222 Hayakawa, S.I.—345 Glaser, Gary A.—1243 Hayden, Bill—1215 Glemp, Josef—1245 Hayek, Friedrich August von—493 Gluck, Edgar—1219 Hedge, Brook—1260

B–4 Administration of George Bush, 1992

Heilmeier, George H.—1247 Jackson, William M.—1251 Heiple, Kathy—1287 Jacobi, Mary Jo—911, 1259 Heminway, Willard—1243 Jacobs, Dennis G.—1253 Henderson, William Darryl—1226 Jacobs, Josephus D.—1229 Heron, Mary Ellen—1288 James, Gerald, I.—1241 Herres, Robert T.—1226 Jameson, James D.—627, 1256 Hess, Charles Edward—1229, 1254 Jarvis, Howard—989 Heston, Charlton—594 Javits, Joshua M.—1242 Hewson, John—7, 15, 1215 Jenny, Frederick F.—1217 Heyburn, John G., II—1253 Jhoon Rhee—1288 Heyer, George Stuart, Jr.—1240 Jindra, Lawrence F.—883 Hicks, Irvin—950, 1260 Johns, Carol Johnson—1255 Hicks, Larry R.—1261 Johnson, Charles H.—1224 Higgins, William R.—1227 Johnson, Darryl Norman—222, 1252 Hill, Edward V.—714 Johnson, Don—1220 Hills, Carla A.—133, 800, 860, 1070, 1197 Johnson, Drew—1228 Hiroto, Edwin C.—1259 Johnson, Earvin (Magic)—82, 84, 96, 97, 118, Hoeber, Amoretta M.—1236 1076 Hogg, James R.—1226 Johnson, Eugene C.—1217, 1251 Holland, Tara—1288 Johnson, Irene—1177, 1227 Holmes, Christian R., IV—564,1255 Johnson, Isis—1288 Holmes, Genta Hawkins—1162, 1262 Jones, James Earl—1159 Holt, Marjorie S.—1251 Jones, James R.—548 Hong-Choo Hyun—934 Joseph, James—1287 Hooker, Richard D., Jr.—883 Josephson, Jack A.—1248 Hooks, Benjamin L.—671 Joyce, Mary Ellen—1217 Hooper, Perry—288 Joyce, Mike—1012 Hopcroft, John—1229, 1254 Juarrero, Alicia—1230 Hope, C.C., Jr.—1020, 1261 Horan, Hume Alexander—562, 1255 Kaifu, Toshiki—1216 Horn, Robert J.—1242 Kaji, Bruce T.—1259 Horn, Wade F.—521, 1254 Kamen, Dean L.—1004 Horne, Marilyn—1159 Kampelman, Max M.—1239, 1259 Horner, Constance—1214 Kane, Charles W.—1240 Houser, Allan—1160 Kanemaru, Shin—1240 Howard, Desmond—1218 Kansteiner, Walter H., III—627 Howe, Jonathan T.—1244 Kanter, Arnold Lee—710 Hudson, Edward R., Jr.—1221 Kearns, David T.—46, 717, 718, 1238 Huff, James B.—397, 403, 1253 Keary, Ann O’Regan—1251 Hughes, Patrick—1287 Keating, Paul—7, 9, 16, 1215 Hughes, Robert John—1221, 1222 Keeley, Irene M.—1254 Hulings, Joseph S., III—966, 1260 Keene, Kenneth—1234 Hunter, Robert D—1254 Keith, Kenton Wesley—562, 1255 Huntsman, Jon M., Jr.—966, 1260 Keller, Leslie—1223 Huppin, Eugene—1223 Keller, Stephen F.—1234 Hurwitz, Edward—840, 1259 Kelley, Lloyd E.—883 Hussain, Syeda Abida—1226 Kemp, Evan J., Jr.—1258 Hussein, Saddam—18, 111, 116, 177, 403, 568, Kemp, Jack—790, 1140, 1236, 1244 569, 588, 895, 934, 972, 1049, 1131, 1145, Kendall, Donald M.—1259 1182–1185 Kendall, Joe—1253 Kennedy, Edward M.—81 Iakovos, Demetrios, Archbishop—504 Kennedy, John F.—14 lannone, Carol—1218 Kennedy, Vernon—1179, 1180 Iglesias, Enrique V.—227 Kerester, Thomas P.—494, 1254 Ingwerson, Donald W.—1244 Kerr, Richard J.—87 Isom, Harriet Winsar—1128, 1262 Kerry, John F.—482 Izetbegovic, Alija—660, 1246 Keshishian, Harold Mark—1248 Jackson, Alphonso—1176, 1177, 1227 Kessler, David—1232 Jackson, Carol E.—1254 Kestenbaum, Zvi—1241 Jackson, James W.—1251 Khomeini, Ayatollah—306 Jackson, Michael—683 Khrushchev, Nikita—431

B–5 Administration of George Bush, 1992

Kilberg, Bobbie Greene—543, 1240 Lichter, S. Robert—1061 Kim II-song—37 Liedtke, William C., III—1258 Kim, Lisa—968 Light, Walter Scott—1111, 1262 King, Coretta S.—117, 1217 Liu, Joane—968 King, Gwendolyn S.—1226 Lloyd, Russell T.—1253 King Hassan II—1219 Love, Jo Betts—1216 King Hussein—432 Lozoraitis, Stasys—1226 King Juan Carlos—528 Lujan, Manuel, Jr.—389, 471, 817, 1023, 1161, King, Martin Luther, Jr.—116, 1217 1162, 1193 King, Rodney—685 Lukin, Vladimir Petrovich—1226 Kinkel, Klaus—1053 Lyman, Princeton Nathan—726, 1257 Kintz, Anisa—1288 Kirk, William Lee, Jr.—1216 MacDougal, Gary E.—1228 Kislak, Jay I.—1259 Mack, Connie—1235 Kohl, Helmut—449, 483, 494, 497, 522, 523, Mack, Priscilla—1235 644, 929, 1064, 1223, 1228, 1246 MacNeish, Richard Stockton—1249 Koivisto, Mauno—1246 Madigan, Almon—1288, Kollek, Teddy—1239 Madigan, Edward R.—189, 190, 221, 524, 1044, Koop, C. Everett—96, 97 1049 Kopf, Richard G.—1255 Mahoney, Maureen E.—1255 Kors, Alan Charles—1230 Major, John—420, 522, 574, 579, 904, 905, 929, Korth, Fritz Alan—1216 1219, 1240 Korth, Penne—1225 Maldonado, Sergio A.—1229 Kosters, Marvin H.—531, 1255 Manaster, Steven—1233, 1256 Kozyrev, Andrey—523, 913, 932, 946, 1100, 1241 Mancuso, Kenneth R.—1259 Kravchuk, Leonid—346, 487, 525, 526, 579, 693, Manley, Michael—1228, 1229 703, 1062, 1236, 1246 Manning, Patrick—757 Kremer, Cecile B.—542 Manno, Bruno Victor—482, 1254 Krueger, Charles C.—1233 Martens, Wilfried—1219 Kruger, Daniel H.—1237 Martin, Lynn M.—594, 1196, 1236 Krumm, Tahlman, Jr.—1217, 1251 Martin, William E.—1221 Kubasiewicz, Edward Ernest—591 Martinez, Bob—155, 1244, 1249 Kuenheim, Eberhard von—1246 Martinez, Robert E.—1057, 1261 Kunasek, Carl J.—1253 Martinez, Roberto—1258 Kuriyama, Takakazu—631, 1231 Marumoto, William H.—1259 Kyle, Richard H.—1253 Mascolo, Patricia—1288 Labrecque, Thomas G.—1247 Mason, George—656 Lacalle, Luis Alberto—776 Mattingly, Mack F.—1073, 1261 Lack, James J.—1237 Mayville, Bruce—1289 Lagomarsino, Robert J.—641 Mazowiecki, Tadeusz—1151 Lamb, Robert E.—1051 McAfee, Marilyn—747, 1258 Landsbergis, Vytautas—1246 McBride, Timothy J.—86 Langdon, Jerry Jay—1258 McCain, John—508, 513, 841, 843, 957 Lange, Frederick William—1248 McClory, Doris H.—1234 Larkins, Hugh, Jr.—1287 McClure, Frederick D.—1235 Laro, David—1262 McClure, James A.—1216 Larsen, Ralph S.—1247 McCormick, Walter B., Jr.—877, 1259 Lavine, Gary J.—1219 McCoy, Amelia—755 Law, Bernard Cardinal—1223 McCredie, James—1225 Leahy, Patrick J.—468 McCurdy, Wells B.—1252 Lebedev, Gregori—413, 1253 McEntee, Joan M.—531, 1255 LeBlond, Dorothy Bush—1220 McGovern, George—1136 Ledsky, Nelson C.—313, 710, 711, 1051 McGroarty, Daniel B.—164 Lee, Burton J., III—506, 1075 McGuire, Roger A.—614, 1256 Lee Kuan Yew—1215 McHenry, Barnabas—1242 Leighton, Ronald B.—1257 McIntire, Frances—1165 Lemen, Mary—1289 McIntyre, James A.—1259 Lerner, Theodore N.—1228 McKenzie, Winifred—1289 Lew, Salvador—1217, 1251 McKernan, Kim Fogal—472 Li Peng—31, 1220 McKetta, John J., Jr.—1220 Libby, I. Lewis, Jr.—390, 1253 McLaughlin, Linda H.—1253

B–6 Administration of George Bush, 1992

McLennan, Judy—1226 Murphy, Larry—1289 McMahel, Isabel Peters—1288 Myer, Paul J.—850 McMahon, John N.—1237 Meacham, Charles P.—1241 Nakashima, S. Stephen—1259 Nazarbayev, Nursultan—792, 793, 1062 Meade, Alcom—79 Meador, James—1289 Neale, William R.—1226 Melamed, Leo—1248 Neese, Theresa Farley—1229 Melanson, Edward J., Jr.—988 Neizer, Meredith Ann—1226 Melby, Eric D.K.—833 Nelsen, Betty Jo—463 Melillo, Laura M.—902 Nelson, Thomas C.—884 Melloy, Michael J.—1256 Neuhaus, Richard John—1228 Mendez, John A.—1261 Newlin, Michael—215 Menem, Carlos—581 Newquist, Don E.—1242 Metzger, Leigh Ann—200 Newton, George B—1224 Meyerhoff, Harvey M.—1228 Nickles, Don—392 Michel, Robert H.—227, 356, 534, 555, 688, 756, Nien Yuan Yao Cheng—1226 1058 Nixon, Richard M.—412, 419, 425, 428 Miles, Michael A.—1247 Noriega, Manuel A.—573, 921, 928, 1109 Miles, Richard Monroe—964, 1260 Norris, Stephen—1252 Miller, James E.—1223 Novello, Antonia C.—217, 1225 Miller, John—482 O’Beirne, Kate Walsh—1226 Miller, John H.—1011, 1261 O’Donohue, Daniel A.—802 Miller, Marshall Lee— 1239, 1259 O’Keefe, Sean—1096 Miller, Robert (Bob)—188,1225 Oki, George Shoichi, Sr.—1259 Miller, Scott—727 Olszewski, Jan—595 Miller, Warren L.—1219 O’Meara, Vicki Ann—438, 1253 Milliken, William E.—826 O’Neil, Leo—1222 Minow, Newton—1226 Oswald, Steve S.—144 Mitchell, George J.—108 Oumar Said, Acheikh Ibn—1231 Mitchell, James S.—1255 Ozal, Turgut—660 Mitchell, Julius C.—1287 Mitsotakis, Constantine—313, 505, 710, 1051, Packwood, Bob—756 1246 Paderewski, Ignacy—457, 1021, 1083, 1245 Mitterrand, Frang¸ois—189, 522, 1066, 1099, Palm, Charles G.—1234 1219, 1245 Palmer, Carol M.—1234 Miyazawa, Kiichi—13, 20, 35, 49, 51, 52, 54, 57, Paluso, Edward Morgan—1247, 1262 59, 68, 76, 133, 174, 193, 644, 929, 1025, 1054, Paquett, Joe—170 1064, 1094, 1216, 1245 Parker, Vernon B.—965 Mohs, Mary—1240, 1260 Pavarotti, Luciano—1245 Mok, Samuel T.—1225 Pavitt, James L.—1010 Molinari, Guy Vincent—1216 Paz Zamora, Jaime—319, 324, 330, 1223 Monjo, John Cameron— 1118, 1262 Pearl, Minnie—1159 Moore, Preston Jay—1230 Pendleton, Mary C.—1073, 1261 Moore, W. Henson—149 Peretzman, Marc—1289 Moreno, Federico A.—1253 Pe´rez, Carlos Andres—329, 580, 1219 Morgan, Curt E.—969 Pe´rez de Cuellar, Javier—313 Moriguchi, Tomio—1259 Perkins, Edward Joseph—301, 1225 Mosbacher, Georgette—1247 Perkins, William C.—1217 Mosbacher, Robert A.—10 Perot, Ross—555, 556, 570, 890, 894, 933, 1119– Moskos, Charles C.—1226 1121, 1123, 1126, 1137, 1138 Moskow, Michael—221 Peters, Lauralee M.—531, 1254 Mother Teresa—683 Peterson, Pete—482 Moynihan, Daniel Patrick—763, 786 Peterson, Shirley D.—150, 1251 Mulroney, Brian—30, 188, 799, 865, 929, 1064, Petterson, Donald K.—562, 1255 1067, 1069, 1116, 1118, 1234 Petty, Richard—1079 Multz, Carroll E.—1057 Phelps, Richard F. (Digger)—559, 563 Munteanu, Aurel-Dragos—1236 Phillips, Christopher H.—1006 Murnane, Edward D.—231 Pickering, Thomas R.—302, 313, 449, 1254 Murphy, Dennis J.—883 Pipes, Daniel—1240 Murphy, Joanne—1289 Pita Kewa Nacuva—1226 Murphy, John Joseph—1241 Pitot, Henry Clement, III—1236

B–7 Administration of George Bush, 1992

Pomrehn, Hugo—1024, 1261 Rosenbaum, Richard M.—1242 Popadiuk, Roman—512, 694, 813 Rosenberg, Alison Podell—877, 1259 Pope John Paul II—787 Rosenthal, Lee H.—1254 Porter, Roger—221, 1132 Ross, Dennis B.—945 Powell, Colin L.—44, 158, 266, 316, 569, 685, Ross, Ian M.—1252 1101 Rostenkowski, Dan—762 Powell, James L.—1229, 1254 Rostropovich, Slava—1152 Powell, Jerome H.—576, 1256 Rothkopf, Arthur J.—689, 1257 Proenza, Luis M.—1241 Rovner, Ilana Diamond—1261 Prosperi, David P.—1112,1262 Royal, Frank—1240 Pryce, William T.—725,1257 Rubin, Israel—1223 Pullen, Penny L.—1216 Rudman, Warren B.—264, 534 Quainton, Anthony Cecil Eden—839, 1259 Rugh, William Arthur—798, 1258 Quarles, William D.—1259 Ruther, Jack—632 Quayle, Dan—89, 142, 223, 233, 417, 423, 579, Rutherford, Mandi—1222 929, 1216 Ruutel, Arnold—1246 Quayle, Marilyn—1013 Ryan, Shirley W.—1112, 1262 Quintana, Manuel H.—1254 Saboo, Rajendra—1221 Quist, Gordon J.—1253 Sackett, Keith—1288 Rabin, Yitzhak—IIII, 1123 Sahaf, Muhammad—462 Randa, Rudolph T.—1256 Saiki, Patricia F.—451, 718, 794, 848, 949 Rao, P.V. Narasimha—1219 Salazar, Beatriz Martinez—1289 Ratcliff, Cicely—1289 Salgo, Nicolas Miklos—949, 1260 Rath, Thomas D.—1216 Salinas, Carlos—30, 188, 322, 324, 327, 330, 674, Rauschenbach, Henri S.—1232 690, 860, 1066, 1115, 1117, 1198, 1224, 1245, Ray, Ronald D.—1226 1247 Readdy, William F.—144 Salmon, Charles B., Jr.—949, 1260 Reagan, Ronald W.—306, 315, 355, 421, 495, Samaras, Antonios—710, 711 1209, 1239 Sampson, Rana S.—884 Ream, Ruth Ditmer—1172 Sanchez, Shiree—927 Rean, Leanne—1289 Satterfield, Lee. F.—1260 Reel, Ricky Lee—1287 Saudek, Robert—1159 Reeves, Don—115 Savimbi, Jonas—1207 Reibold, Kay—1289 Schaffer, Teresita Currie—725, 1257 Reich, Otto J.—1218 Schall, Alvin A.—1253 Reichel, Cara—968 Scharf, Asher J.—1224 Reilly, William K.—92, 138, 256, 298, 899, 908, Schmertz, Eric J.—1230 928, 929, 933 Schmidt, Benno C.—824 Retchin, Judith E.—1251 Schnabel, Rockwell A.—241 Retton, Mary Lou—1243 Schneier, Arthur—1235 Rhodes, Frank H.T.—1229, 1254 Schoenberg, Harris O.—1228 Rice, Condoleezza—1230 Schollander, Wes—1288 Richards, Ann—187 Schwarzenegger, Arnold—211, 257, 680, 1179, Richards, Thomas C.—520, 1257 1243 Richardson, Elliot—1244 Schwarzkopf, H. Norman—372, 569 Richardson, Jenny—1288 Schwitters, Roy—1050 Rider, J. Alfred—1246 Scott, Stan—542 Rios, Jesse M.—1225 Scowcroft, Brent—52, 221, 405, 432, 574, 946, Rivard-Lucas, Stephanie—1289 959 Roberts, John G., Jr.—1251 Scruggs, Earl—1159 Robson, Margaret Zuehlke—1242 Searle, John R.—1230 Rodriguez, Laura—212, 218 Sechrist, Sterling G.—1247, 1262 Rogers, Kenneth C.—1222, 1252 Sedwick, John W.—1262 Rogich, Sigmund A.—291 Segars, Joseph Monroe—859, 1259 Roh Tae Woo—33, 41, 42, 44, 934, 1215 Selden, Jack W.—1251 Rollins, Sherrie S.—149 Sembler, Melvin F.—1215 Romer, Roy—185, 186, 190, 193 Sendler, Richard—384, 385 Rooney, Pat—1014 Sentell, Alexis—968 Roosevelt, David B.—1234 Serra Puche, Jaime—1066 Rose, Stan—1223 Sessions, William S.—1244

B–8 Administration of George Bush, 1992

Seybert, Joanna—1262 Streibl, Max—1246 Seymann, Marilyn R.—1217 Strochlitz, Sigmund—1223 Shafer, Raymond P.—1217 Strong, Maurice—753 Shapiro, Abraham—1225 Studeman, William O.—120, 1252 Shaw, Robert—1159 Stuntz, Linda Gillespie—618, 1256 Shaw, Thora—1287 Sullivan, Joseph Gerard—321, 1252 Shechtman, Paul L.—1253 Sullivan, Kathryn D.—1020, 1261 Shevardnadze, Eduard—502 Sullivan, Louis W.—210, 213, 214, 217, 579, 761, Shingoitewa, Leroy—1287 878, 1075, 1076, 1232, 1236, 1240 Shmidman, Morris A.—1223 Sumner, Daniel A—563,1255 Shumway, Norman D.—1260 Sundquist, Don—387 Shushkevich, Stanislav—1062, 1246 Svet, Don J.—1258 Silas, C.J. (Pete)—79, 80, 297 Swartz, David Heywood—1009, 1261 Silberman, Robert S.—941 Swing, William E.—1075 Silins, Ints M.—221, 1252 Swing, William Lacy—618, 1256 Simandle, Jerome B.—1254 Symons, Amy—968 Simmons, John S.—1261 Sims, Susan Dee—1289 Tahir-Kheli, Shirin R.—1225 Sinner, George A.—190, 191 Tarplin, Linda Eischeid—200 Skelton, William D.—1218, 1252 Tate, Doris—1288 Skinner, Samuel K.—221, 557, 801, 1216–1245, Taylor, Billy—1159 1248, 1249 Tecumseh, Sacajawea Ramona—1229 Sloan, Joe—1288 Teeley, Peter Barry—693, 1257 Sloat, Jonathan W.—1216 Teeter, Robert M.—1122 Smietanka, John A—1251 Terwilliger, George J., III—248, 1252 Smith, Annie—1287 Thagard, Norman K.—144 Smith, Judy A.—517, 540, 542, 554, 574, 591, Thomas, Clarence—897 709, 1207 Thomas, Derrick—1289 Smith, Lillian—1287 Thomasson, Jerry—1288 Smith, Robert—482 Thompson, Anthony J.—1243 Smith, Rosemary—1288 Thompson, Joseph—1289 Smith, Terral R.—1251 Thompson, Tommy G.—183, 188, 453, 577, 579, Snegur, Mircea—272 583, 1188, 1191, 1195 Snelling, Robert O., Sr.—1237 Thurman, Maxwell R.—1226 Snow, Clyde Collins—1219 Thurmond, Strom—293 Snow, Robert Anthony—474 Tipton, Mark E.—146 Soares, Mario A.—79 Todd, Bruce M.—1246 Solomon, Richard H.—977, 1260 Toohey, Michael James—689, 1257 Some, Steven E.—1225 Toon, Malcolm—482, 946, 1043, 1044, 1245 Somerfield, Benita C.—1181, 1262 Toote, Gloria E. A.—1222, 1238 Sorzano, Jose S.—1228 Topinka, Judy Baar—1222 Sparks, Anna—1220 Train, Russell E.—1217 Specter, Arlen—172, 534, 914 Trimble, Bobby J.—1288 Stafford, Delia—1166 Truly, Richard H.—241, 417 Stahl, Norman H.—1255 Tschetter, Barbara—1288 Stark, Barbara—1289 Tsongas, Paul—274, 276, 450 Stavinoba, Fred—1287 Tullis, Eddie L.—1229 Steel, Jack—1247 Turner, Pamela J.—1233, 1256 Steer, Donna—1287 Twomey, David—1230 Steer, John—1287 Steiger, Janet D.—529 Udall, Morris K.—472 Uddo, Basile J.—1216 Stempel, Bob—446 Ueberroth, Peter—698, 706, 742, 850, 983, 1140 Stenholm, Charles W.—884 Ujifusa, Grant Masashi—1259 Stevens, Pat M., IV—1240, 1255 Ulvang, Diane—1289 Stewart, Mrs. Potter—978 Unpingeo, John S.—1262 Stewart, Richard—755 Untermeyer, Charles Graves—1225 Stites, Betsy—1287 Stone, Edward C., Jr—1247 Vagelos, P. Roy—1247 Stone, Oliver—14 Van Andel, Jay—1236 Strauss, Annette—162, 1175, 1176, 1227 Vance, Cyrus R.—553, 893, 1066, 1102 Strauss, Robert S.—952 Vander Myde, Paul A.—1235

B–9 Administration of George Bush, 1992

Vartanian, Elsie—1226 Whiteley, Harry H.—1233 Vassiliou, George—313, 516, 517, 1051 Whyte, Roger J.—1232 Veiga, Carlos—1219 Wietrecki, Staci L.—1289 Velasquez-Eidschun, Ursula—1288 Wilensky, Gail R.—302, 1210 Velazquez, Josephine—1177, 1227 Wiley, Gerald—1289 Velvick, Donnalee—1287 Williams, Karen J.—1251 Veneman, Ann M.—860, 862, 866 Williams, Polly—453 Venetiaan, Ronald—194 Williams, Rosemarie—1288 Venturi, Robert—1159 Wilson, Bill—1227 Vig, Chris—1287 Wilson, Charles B.—1236 Villamil, Jose Antonio—927 Wilson, Joseph Charles, IV—764, 1258 Vogel, Susan Ann—1182, 1262 Wilson, Justin P.—1253 Vogt, Carl W.—1231, 1255 Wilson, Pete—189, 310, 311, 318, 669, 848, 850 Vogt, Jeffrey W.—911 Voigts, Gene E.—1254 Wing, Michael J.—884 Voinovich, George—208, 673, 812 Wise, Robert—1159 Volkogonov, Dmitri—482, 946 Wisner, Frank G.—913, 1232, 1260 Vranitzky, Franz—1219 Witt, Kendrew—968 Vratil, Kathryn H.—1262 Wittgraf, George W.—1216 Woerner, Manfred—1246 Walesa, Lech—456, 457, 595, 1063, 1081, 1082, Wolbeck, Jeanine E.—1216 1245 Wolf, John Stern—989, 1260 Walker, George H., IV—1226 Wolf, Timothy—1287 Walker, William Graham—735, 1258 Wollman, Roger L.—1253 Wallace, Shannon—968 Walsh, John—773 Wunderlie, Kristin—1288 Walter, John F.—1254 Yamaguchi, Kristi—1243 Walton, Samuel M.—450, 464, 542, 1180 Yao, Esther Lee—1240 Ward, Marjorie—1289 Yazzie, Albert A.—1229 Ward, Michael—1225 Yeltsin, Boris—65, 128, 158, 176, 177, 364, 412, Warr, Dartanian—884 420, 449, 473, 494, 523–526, 567, 932, 942– Watanabe, Michio—69, 133 944, 950, 952, 953, 961, 962, 964, 967, 969, Waters, John B.—1043 979, 983, 992, 994, 1035, 1040, 1043, 1045, Watkins, James D.—138, 191, 241, 277, 280 1047, 1062–1064, 1092, 1098, 1100, 1102, Watson, Alexander Fletcher—734, 1258 1110, 1152, 1220, 1243, 1246 Watson, Peter S.—1243 Yeltsin, Naina—973 Watson, Ron—1287 Webster, William M., IV—884 Zack, Arnold M.—1230 Weddig, Lee J.—1238 Zakheim, Dov S.—1235 Wee Kim Wee—20,1215 Zare, Richard Neil—1229, 1254 Weidenfeld, Sheila Rabb—1242 Zeder, Fred M.—952 Weizsa¨cker, Richard von—661, 667, 670, 1226, Zerhouni, Noureddine Yazid—1226 1246 Zhelev, Zhelyu—370 Welk, Lawrence—798 Zia, Begum Khaleda—473 White, Sarah F.—1226 Zlenko, Anatoliy—701 Whitebird, Francis G.—1229 Zoellick, Robert B.—221 Whitehead, John C.—595 Zorthian, Barry—1257

B–10 Document Categories List

Addresses and Remarks Addresses and Remarks—Continued Korea, South—Continued See also Addresses to the Nation; Bill Signings; American and Korean Chambers of Com- Interviews With the News Media; Meetings merce, Seoul—37 With Foreign Leaders and International Of- Camp Casey, U.S. soldiers, Yongsan—43 ficials Korean and American business groups, African-American (Black) History Month—281 Agriculture Communicators Congress—1043 Seoul—32 Albania, visit of President Berisha—936 Korean National Assembly, Seoul—40 America 2000 Community Leadership Con- State dinner hosted by President Roh in ference—79 Seoul—44 American Business Conference—546 Singapore Lecture Group—25 American business executives—618 Associated General Contractors of America, American Farm Bureau Federation, Kansas Dallas, TX—352 City, MO—75 Atlanta, CA, Bush-Quayle fundraising dinner— American Legion Boys Nation—1138 834 American Legion, Phoenix, AZ—841 Baltimore, MD, health care and business com- American Legislative Exchange Council—286 munity—759 American Newspaper Publishers Association— Banking and finance regulatory reform—639 704 Battle Creek, MI—439 American Society of Association Executives— Bethesda, MD, Bush-Quayle campaign rally— 425 303 American Society of Newspaper Editors—564 Boy Scouts of America—216 AmeriFlora ’92 Exposition, Columbus, OH— Brigham Young University, Provo, UT—1135 616 Brookfield, OH, community picnic—1172 Antidrug rally in Arlington, VA—1160 Bush-Quayle campaign headquarters—654 Appleton, WI—1188 Bush-Quayle candidacies, announcement—233 Asian/Pacific nations, President Bush’s visit An- Business and congressional leaders—913 drews Air Force Base, MD—66 Cabletron Systems, Inc., Rochester, NH—105 Australia Charlotte, NC, Bush-Quayle fundraising din- Australian and American community lead- ner—649 ers, Melbourne—17 Chicago, IL,. Bush-Quayle fundraising din- Australian Center for American Studies, ner—458 Canberra—8 Chile, visit of President Aylwin Australian National Maritime Museum, Arrival ceremony—758 dedication of the U.S.A. Gallery in Syd- State dinner—766 ney—2 Cinco de Mayo ceremonies—690 Dinner hosted by Prime Minister Keating Citizens Democracy Corps—129 in Canberra—16 Cleveland, OH, Bush-Quayle fundraising Luncheon cruise in Sydney Harbor—3 luncheon—808 Parliament, Canberra—4 Coalition for the Restoration of the Black Japan Japanese and American students, Kyoto— Family and Society—507 45 College Republican convention—1017 Japanese welcoming committee, Tokyo— Columbia, SC—386 53 Columbus, OH, Bush-Quayle fundraising din- Presidential business delegation, Tokyo— ner—675 49 Commerce Department, swearing—in cere- State dinner hosted by Emperor Akihito in mony for Secretary Franklin—491 Tokyo—65 Conference on Security and Cooperation in State dinner hosted by Prime Minister Europe, Helsinki, Finland—1104 Miyazawa in Tokyo—52 Congressional leaders—918 Toys-R-Us, store opening in Kashihara— Cooperative research and development agree- 47 ment, signing ceremony in Oak Ridge, TN— Korea, South 277

C–1 Administration of George Bush, 1992

Addresses and Remarks—Continued Addresses and Remarks—Continued Dallas, TX Home Builders Association of Greater Colum- State Republican Convention—993 bia, Columbia, SC—382 Texas Victory ’92 fundraising dinner—868 House Minority Leader Michel’s official por- D’Amato, Senator Alfonse M., fundraising trait, unveiling ceremony—688 luncheon in New York City—1029 House of Representatives, leaders—884 Davidson Interior Trim, Dover, NH—99 House Republican conference on health Dearborn, MI, Bush-Quayle fundraising din- care—1058 ner—600 House Republican Health Care Task Force— Derry, NH, Bush-Quayle campaign welcome— 999 258 Houston Livestock Show and Rodeo, Houston, Detroit, MI, Victory ’92 fundraising dinner— TX—347 1039 Howard Jarvis Taxpayers Association, Universal Drug control strategy—154 Drug Enforcement Administration’s Field Di- City, CA—989 vision Office, dedication ceremony in New Independence Day celebration in Faith, NC— York City—1026 1080 Drug summit, San Antonio, TX Industrial League of Orange County, Irvine, Opening session—322 CA—978 State dinner—320 International Conference on Humanitarian As- Economic Club of Detroit, Detroit, MI—442 sistance to the Former U.S.S.R.—127 Education reform roundtable discussion—1011 Iraq and the war on drugs—1182 Employee rights concerning union dues, Exec- Jackson Hole, WY, community welcome—1126 utive order signing ceremony—593 Jackson, MS, Bush-Quayle campaign rally— Environmental policy—138 397 Evergreen Oil, Inc., Newark, CA—969 Japan Exeter, NH—94 Computer trade agreement with the U.S., Families, roundtable discussion in Columbia, signing ceremony—132 MO—1174 Paper Market Access Agreement, signing Federal Express Corp., Memphis, TN—386 ceremony—630 Federalist Society of Philadelphia, Philadel- Job Training 2000, announcement of program, phia, PA—532 Atlanta, GA—119 Florida International University, Miami Beach, Kazakhstan, visit of President Nazarbayev— FL—645 792 Forum of the Americas—632 Knoxville, TN, community and business lead- Fresno, CA, agricultural community—860 ers—278 Georgia Republican Party, Atlanta, GA—356 Korean War Veterans Memorial, Germany, visit of President Weizsa¨cker arrival groundbreaking ceremony—934 ceremony—661 Law enforcement officers and firefighters, State dinner—667 Concord, NH—238 ‘‘GI bill’’ for children, proposed legislation— Law enforcement officers memorial cere- 1012 mony—772 Giant Sequoia in National Forests, proclama- Legislative goals—643 tion signing ceremony in Sequoia National Lehigh Valley 2000 community, Allentown, Forest, CA—1113 PA—609 Giddings & Lewis, Inc., Fraser, MI—595 Liberty Mutual Insurance Group, Dover, Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, NH—102 MD—873 Los Angeles, CA Goffstown, NH—253 Civil disturbances—669 Great American Workout—680 President’s visits Greater Cleveland Growth Association, Cleve- African-American community leaders— land, OH—205 717 Greek Independence Day, proclamation sign- Arrival ceremony—713 ing ceremony—504 Asian-Pacific American Heritage Dinner— Head Start Center, Catonsville, MD—121 857 Health Care Equity Action League—877 Bush-Quayle fundraising dinner—314 Health care representatives—517 Community Leaders—729 Healthy Children Ready to Learn con- Disaster application center—846 ference—216 Firefighters and law enforcement person- Hialeah, FL, Bush-Quayle campaign rally— nel—727 376 Korean community leaders—719 Hispanic business leaders—1196 Military and law enforcement personnel— Holland American Wafer Co., Wyoming, MI— 728 1184 Mount Zion Missionary Baptist Church— Hollis, NH—262 714

C–2 Administration of George Bush, 1992

Addresses and Remarks—Continued Addresses and Remarks—Continued Los Angeles, CA—Continued National Teacher of the Year, award presen- President’s visits—Continued tation ceremony—543 Sheriff’s Youth Athletic League—852 Natural gas powered van, presentation—83 Town Hall of California—848 New Boston, NH—250 Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA— New Hampshire State Legislature, Concord, 394 NH—235 March for Life rally—132 Odetics, Inc., Anaheim, CA—1203 Martin Luther King, Jr., Federal Holiday, Ohio Association of Broadcasters, Columbus, proclamation signing ceremony in Atlanta, OH—671 GA—116 Maternal and infant health care—738 Ohio Freedom Day, Parma, OH—812 McCain, Senator John, fundraising dinner in Oklahoma City, OK, Bush-Quayle campaign Phoenix, AZ—843 rally—390 Miami, FL, Bush-Quayle fundraising dinner— Outdoor groups, Salt Lake City, UT—1129 378 Outlook Graphics Corp., Neenah, WI—1189 Panama, President Bush’s visit Michigan law enforcement community, De- American community, Panama City—921 troit, MI—1032 Luncheon hosted by President Endara—921 Milwaukee, WI, Bush-Quayle fundraising Pepsi 400, Daytona Beach, FL—1079 luncheon—452 Philadelphia, PA Miracles in the Sky, air show in Fresno, CA— Bush-Quayle fundraising dinner—744 867 Greater Philadelphia Chamber of Com- Mount Paran Christian School, Marietta, CA— merce—170 823, 827 ‘‘Weed and Seed’’ program, Revitalization Multilateral Investment Fund, charter signing Committee and community leaders—740 ceremony—226 Pittsburgh, PA, Bush-Quayle fundraising Nashua, NH luncheon—776 Breakfast—260 Points of Light, awards ceremony—681 Door-to-door kickoff rally—249 Poland, President Bush’s visit National American Wholesale Grocers Associa- Polish citizens, Warsaw—1083 tion—494 President Walesa—1082 National Association of Evangelicals, Chicago, Return of Ignacy Paderewski’s remains— IL—366 1021 National Association of Hispanic journalists— Polish National Alliance, Chicago, IL—456 639 Portsmouth, NH National Association of Home Builders—145, Community leaders—88 789 Portsmouth Rotary Club dinner—109 National Association of Wholesaler—Distribu- Presidential Medal of Freedom, presentation tors—135 ceremony in Bentonville, AR—464 National Collegiate Athletic Association Presidential open forum on educational choice Basketball champions—604 in Philadelphia, PA—1145 Football champions—475 Presidential Scholars, awards ceremony—967 National Conference of State Legislatures— Presidential Secondary Awards for Excellence 434 in Science and Math Teaching, recipients— National Crime Victims’ Rights awards, pres- 433 entation ceremony—637 President’s Dinner—660 National Governors’ Association—182 President’s Drug Advisory Council—70, 1156 National Grocers Association, Orlando, FL— Railroad strike—1001, 1016 195 Regulatory reform—663 National League of Cities—406 Religious and ethnic groups, Garfield, NJ— National League of Families of American Pris- 1150 oners and Missing in Southeast Asia, Arling- Republican congressional leaders—411, 503, ton, VA—1168 879, 912 National Medal of the Arts, presentation cere- Republican Members of Congress and Presi- mony—1159 dential appointees—477 National Medals of Science and Technology, Republican Members of the House Ways and presentation ceremony—1002 Means Committee—227 National Prayer Breakfast—168 Richard Nixon Library—428 National Religious Broadcasters—151 Richard Petty tribute in Daytona Beach, FL— National Retail Federation—794 1079 National Science Olympiad, winning teams— Riverside, CA, breakfast with community serv- 510 ice clubs—1209

C–3 Administration of George Bush, 1992

Addresses and Remarks—Continued Addresses and Remarks—Continued Ross Perot’s withdrawal from the Presidential United Nations—Continued campaign, Boulder, WY—1119 Andrews Air Force Base, MD—920 Russia Earth summit, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil—924 Summit in Washington, DC Secretary-General Boutros-Ghali—752 Arrival ceremony for President Yeltsin— Security Council, New York City—175 942 United Negro College Fund Business leaders—951 Benefit in Houston, TX—780 Dinner hosted by President Yeltsin—967 Dinner—413 State dinner—950 U.S. Academic Decathlon winners—628 Strategic offensive arms reductions—944 U.S. Chamber of Commerce National Action San Antonio Spurs Drug-Free Youth Basket- Rally—297 ball League, San Antonio, TX—344 U.S. FIRST, Manchester, NH—240 San Diego Rotary Club, San Diego, CA—211 U.S. Naval Academy, Annapolis, MD—820 San Francisco, CA, Bush-Quayle fundraising University Medical Center of Southern Ne- luncheon—308 vada, Las Vegas, NV—209 Savannah, GA, Bush-Quayle campaign wel- University of Notre Dame, South Bend, IN— come—359 785 Senior Executive Service, awards presentation Urban aid initiatives—749 ceremony—137 Westchester, NY, Bush-Quayle fundraising pic- Show Me State Games in Columbia, MO— 1178 nic—814 Small Business Administration, awards cere- White House commemorative stamp, presen- mony—754 tation ceremony—631 Small Business Legislative Council—201 Winter Olympics, U.S. athletes—559 Southern Methodist University, Dallas, TX— Women’s World Cup Soccer champions—140 781 World War II, 50th anniversary observance, Southern Republican Leadership Conference, proclamation signing ceremony—887 Charleston, SC—292 Young Astronauts Council—141 Spain, departure ceremony for Prime Minister Young Presidents’ Organization—619 Gonza´lez—528 Specter, Senator Arlen, fundraising dinner in Addresses to the Nation Bowmansdale, PA—914 Balanced budget amendment—903, 917 St. Patrick’s Day ceremony—466 Domestic reforms—513 State attorneys general—514 Economic Plan—296 State legislators—911 ‘‘GI bill’’ for children—1025 Steeltech Manufacturing, Inc., Milwaukee, Health care reform—1077 WI—450 Job Training 2000—614 Stryker Corp., Kalamazoo, MI—439 Los Angeles civil disturbances—685, 735 Super Bowl champions, Washington Red- Memorial Day—819 skins—626 Reform of Congress—540 Superconducting super collider State of the Union—156 Laboratory employees, Waxahachie, TX— Trade reform—642 1200 Welfare reform—592 Scientists—1050 Sweden, departure ceremony for Prime Min- Appointments and Nominations ister Bildt—285 Take Pride in America program volunteers— See also Digest (Appendix A), Nominations 767 Submitted (Appendix B), and Checklist (Ap- Tampa, FL, Bush-Quayle fundraising lunch- pendix C); Statements Other Than Presi- eon—371 dential Transportation Department, swearing—in Administrative Conference of the U.S., Coun- ceremony for Secretary Card—415 cil member—1214 Turkey, departure ceremony for Prime Min- Advisory Council on Historic Preservation, ister Demirel—225 Chairman—690 Unemployment benefits extension legislation Agriculture Department and AIDS—1075 Assistant Secretaries United Kingdom, visit of Prime Minister Economics—563 Major—904 Food and Consumer Services—463 United Nations Science and Education—483 Conference on Environment and Develop- Rural Electrification Administration, Admin- ment istrator—403

C–4 Administration of George Bush, 1992

Appointments and Nominations—Continued Appointments and Nominations—Continued Air Force Department, Assistant Secretary National Institute of Building Sciences, Board (Acquisition, Research, and Development)— of Directors, member—1011, 1119 607 North Atlantic Treaty Organization Council, Army Department, Assistant Secretary—941 U.S. Permanent Representative—693 Central Intelligence Agency, Deputy Direc- Office of Personnel Management, Acting Di- tor—120 rector—1010 Commerce Department Sabine River Compact Administration, Federal Assistant Secretaries Communications and Information—791 Representative—1054 Congressional and Intergovernmental Af- Science and Technology Policy Office, Associ- fairs—911 ate Director—509 Trade Development—627 Small Business Administration, Chief Counsel National Oceanic and Atmospheric Adminis- for Advocacy—494 tration, Chief Scientist—1020 State Department Patents and Trademarks, Assistant Commis- Ambassadors Argentina—735 sioner—591 Under Secretaries Azerbaijan—964 Economic Affairs—927 Benin—965 Export Administration—531 Brazil—734 Corporation for Public Broadcasting, Board of Brunei—840 Directors, member—1112 Byelarus—1009 Defense Department Cameroon—1128 Deputy Under Secretary (Policy)—390 Canada—693 General Counsel—483 Cape Verde—859 Inspector General—413 Central African Republic—712 Education Department Assistant Secretary (Policy and Planning)— Cote d’Ivoire—562 482 Czechoslovakia—683 Chief Financial Officer—554 Ecuador—1111 Energy Department Estonia—221 Assistant Secretary (Domestic and Inter- Ethiopia—248 national Energy Policy)—1074 Gabon—764 Deputy Secretary—618 Georgia, Republic of—1074 Under Secretary—1024 Ghana—889 Environmental Protection Agency, Assistant Guatemala—757 Administrator—564 Guinea—Bissau—614 Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation, Board Honduras—725 of Directors, member—1020 Iceland—291 Housing and Urban Development Depart- India—302 ment, General Counsel—637 Indonesia—670 International Monetary Fund, U.S. Alternate Ireland—726 Governor—1162 Justice Department Kazakhstan—987 Assistant Attorney Generals Kyrgyzstan—840 Land and Natural Resources—438 Laos—949 Office of Legal Counsel—577 Latvia—221 Associate Attorney General—347 Lithuania—222 Deputy Attorney General—248 Madagascar—617 Drug Enforcement Administration, Deputy Malaysia—989 Administrator—592 Maldives—725 Labor Department Marshall Islands—726 Acting Assistant Secretary (Labor—Manage- Moldova—1073 ment Standards)—1024 Netherlands—772 Commissioner of Labor Statistics—531 National Aeronautics and Space Administra- New Zealand—757 tion, Administrator—417 Nicaragua—321 National Commission on America’s Urban Nigeria—618 Families, member—1156 Oman—758 National Council on Disability, member—1112 Pakistan—1118 National Drug Control Policy Office Philippines—977 Deputy Director—521 Qatar—562 Special Assistant to Director—563 Sao Tome and Principe—764 National Institute for Literacy, National Insti- Saudi Arabia—887 tute Board members—1181 Seychelles—1073

C–5 Administration of George Bush, 1992

Appointments and Nominations—Continued Appointments and Nominations—Continued State Department—Continued U.S. International Development Cooperation Ambassadors—Continued Agency Sierra Leone—531 Agency for International Development, As- Singapore—966 sistant Director—877 South Africa—726 Overseas Private Investment Corporation, Spain—637 Board of Directors, member—1010 Sri Lanka—725 Upper Colorado River Commission, Commis- Sudan—562 sioner—1057 Sweden—949 White House fellows—S82 Tajikistan—1073 White House Office Tanzania—712 Assistants to the President Turkmenistan—966 Legislative Affairs—87 Ukraine—512 Management and Administration—86 United Arab Emirates—798 Public Liaison and Intergovernmental Af- Uzbekistan—840 fairs—149 Deputy Assistants to the President Western Samoa—757 Counselor to the Chief of Staff—115 Arms Control Negotiations and Disar- Intergovernmental Affairs, Director—543 mament, Special Representative—1007 Assistant Secretaries Media Affairs—474 Diplomatic Security—839 Office of Legislative Affairs, Director— East Asian and Pacific Affairs—649 471 Human Rights and Humanitarian Affairs— Policy Development—302 988 Presidential Advance, Director—231 Politico-Military Affairs—859 Presidential Messages and Correspond- South Asian Affairs—607 ence—941 Defense and Space, Chief Negotiator, rank Public Liaison—200, 684 of Ambassador—988 Public Liaison, Director—542 Foreign Service, Director General—1162 White House Military Office, Director— Under Secretary (Coordinating Security As- 303 sistance Programs)—913 Special Assistants to the President State Justice Institute, Board of Directors, Deputy Press Secretary—902 Foreign Affairs, Deputy Press Secretary— members—765, 1021 627 Tennessee Valley Authority, Board of Direc- Intergovernmental Affairs—791 tors, Chairman—1043 Transportation Department Legislative Affairs (House)—472 Assistant Secretary (Governmental Affairs)— Legislative Affairs (Senate)—200 689 Media Affairs, Deputy Director—924 Associate Deputy Secretary—1057 National Security Affairs and Senior Di- Deputy Secretary—689 rector for Intelligence Programs—1010 Federal Aviation Administration, Adminis- National Security Affairs and Senior Di- trator—520 rector for International Economic Af- General Counsel—877 fairs—833 Presidential Appointments and Scheduling, Secretary—123 Treasury Department Deputy Director—200 Assistant Secretaries Presidential Personnel, Associate Director— Domestic Finance—577 965 Tax Policy—150 Presidential Personnel for National Security Comptroller of the Currency—807 Affairs, Associate Director—154 Internal Revenue Service, Commissioner— Public Liaison—911, 927 150 Speechwriting, Deputy Director—164 Under Secretary—576 Bill Signings United Nations Children’s Fund, U.S. Representative—978 See also Acts Approved (Appendix D) Security Council, U.S. Deputy Representa- ADAMHA Reorganization Act, statement— tive—950 1108 U.S. Representative—301 Child Abuse, Domestic Violence, Adoption and U.S. Arms Control and Disarmament Agency Family Services Act of 1992, statement—838 (Bureau of Strategic and Nuclear Affairs)— Continuing appropriations for fiscal year 1992, 1111 statement—527 U.S. Institute of Peace, Board of Directors, Emergency supplemental appropriations member—1006 Remarks—997

C–6 Administration of George Bush, 1992

Bill Signings—Continued Communications to Congress—Continued Emergency supplemental appropriations— Arms control treaty obligations, letter transmit- Continued ting report—1071 Statement—998 Australia, message transmitting extradition Emergency unemployment compensation ben- treaty protocol—283 efits extension, statement—215 Azerbaijan, Georgia, Kazakhstan, Moldova, George Mason memorial location approval, Ukraine, and Uzbekistan, trade with the statement—656 U.S., message—711 Higher Education Amendments of 1992 Bolivia, trade with the U.S., letter—1070 Remarks—1164 Chemical and biological weapons proliferation, Statement—1163 Los Padres Condor Range and River Protec- message—806 tion Act, statement—985 Colombia, trade with the U.S., letter—1069 Morris K. Udall Scholarship and Excellence in Corporation for Public Broadcasting, message National Environmental and Native Amer- transmitting report—709 ican Public Policy Act of 1992, statement— Credit availability and regulatory relief, mes- 472 sage transmitting proposed legislation—1007 Omnibus Ingular Areas Act of 1992, state- Cyprus conflict reports, letters—312, 710, 1050 ment—300 Czechoslovakia, message transmitting invest- Reclamation States Emergency Drought Relief ment treaty—880 Act of 1991, statement—388 Defense Department, On—Site Inspection Tax bill printing requirements waiver, state- Agency, letter transmitting report—667 ment—481 District of Columbia, message transmitting Torture Victim Protection Act of 1991, state- budget and supplemental appropriations re- ment—437 quest—669 Unemployment Compensation Amendments of El Salvador, release of funds for peacekeeping 1992, statement—1078 purposes, message—549 Energy Department, message transmitting re- Bill Vetoes port—918 Congressional Campaign Spending Limit and Environmental goals, message—498 Election Reform Act of 1992, message—736 Estonia, Latvia, and Lithuania, trade with the Mississippi Sioux Indian Judgment Fund Act U.S., letter—204 amendment, message—947 Estonia, message transmitting fishery agree- National Institutes of Health Revitalization ment—1004 Amendments of 1992, message—1005 Export controls, message—518 National Voter Registration Act of 1992, mes- Federal advisory committees, message trans- sage—1072 mitting report—575 Federal budget Tax Fairness and Economic Growth Accelera- Deferrals, messages—283, 1020 tion Act of 1992, message—476 Rescissions, messages—283, 413, 561 U.S.—China Act of 1991, message—363 Federal conservation and use of petroleum and Communications to Congress natural gas, message transmitting report— 1154 See also Bill Vetoes Federal Council on Aging, message transmit- Access to Justice Act of 1992, message trans- ting report—658 mitting proposed legislation—198 Federal energy activities, message transmitting Accountability in Government, message trans- report—948 mitting proposed legislation—576 Federal Labor Relations Authority, message Alaska, mineral resources, message transmit- transmitting report—195, 1056 ting report—314 Finland Albania, Armenia, Azerbaijan, Bulgaria, Friendship, commerce, and consular rights Byelarus, Georgia, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, treaty, message transmitting protocol— Moldova, Mongolia, Romania, Russia, 1206 Ukraine, and Uzbekistan, trade with the Social Security agreement, message transmit- U.S., message—885 ting—362 Albania, trade with the U.S. Fish imports Letter—937 Letters—73 Message—807 Message—369 Antarctic Treaty, message transmitting envi- Foreign intelligence activities, letter transmit- ronmental protection protocol—244 ting report—493 Armenia, Belarus, Kyrgyzstan, and Russia, FREEDOM Support Act of 1992, message trade with the U.S., message—540 transmitting proposed legislation—537

C–7 Administration of George Bush, 1992

Communications to Congress—Continued Communications to Congress—Continued ‘‘GI bill’’ for children, message transmitting Panama, message reporting on Government as- proposed legislation—1015 sets held by the U.S.—552 Haiti, economic sanctions, message—550 Poland, message transmitting nuclear energy Hazardous materials transportation, message cooperation agreement—469 transmitting report—363 Radio regulations, messages transmitting par- Health care, message transmitting proposed tial revisions—529, 530, 756 legislation—1061 Romania, trade with the U.S., letter—999 Hungary and Czechoslovakia, trade with the Russia, message transmitting investment trea- U.S., message—521 ty—1198 International agreements, letter transmitting Saint Lawrence Seaway Development Cor- report—314 poration, message transmitting report—880 Iran, U.S. national emergency, message—769 Soviet noncompliance with arms control agree- Iraq ments, letter transmitting report—575 Action to curtail exports, letter—149 Spain Compliance with United Nations Security Legal assistance treaty, message transmit- Council resolutions, letters—84, 461, 774, ting—133 1124 Supplementary extradition treaty, message Continuation of the U.S. national emer- transmitting—369 gency, messages—229, 1155 Strategic Arms Reduction Treaty, message Economic sanctions, letter transmitting re- transmitting protocol—986 port—881 Syria, trade with the U.S., letter—939 Offensive military capability, letter transmit- Tajikistan and Turkmenistan, trade with the ting report—231 U.S., message—886 Ireland, friendship, commerce, and navigation United Nations, message transmitting report treaty, message transmitting protocol—1206 on U.S. Government activities—194 Job Training 2000, message transmitting pro- U.S. military forces in Asia and the Pacific, let- posed legislation—657 Libya ter transmitting report—1110 Restrictions on air traffic, letter—608 U.S.-U.S.S.R. Standing Consultative Commis- U.S. national emergency, letters—74, 1094 sion, letter transmitting report—134 Lifelong learning, message transmitting pro- Utah, designation of public lands as wilderness posed legislation—771 areas, letter transmitting proposed legisla- Luxembourg, message transmitting Social Se- tion—1023 curity agreement—1153 White House Conference on Library and In- National Drug Control Strategy, message—164 formation Services, message transmitting re- National Endowment for Democracy, message port—400 transmitting report—564 Wyoming, designation of public lands as wil- National Endowment for the Humanities, mes- derness areas, letter transmitting proposed sage transmitting report—659 legislation—1193 National Science Board, message transmitting Youth apprenticeship, message transmitting report—244 proposed legislation—763 National Science Foundation, message trans- Yugoslavia, U.S. national emergency mitting report—1194 Letter—868 New Mexico, designation of public lands as Message—901 wilderness areas, letter transmitting proposed legislation—817 Communications to Federal Agencies Nigeria, message transmitting legal assistance Albania, Armenia, Azerbaijan, Bulgaria, treaty—527 Byelarus, Georgia, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, North Pacific fish conservation, message trans- Moldova, Mongolia, Romania, Russia, mitting convention—797 Ukraine, and Uzbekistan, trade with the Nuclear cooperation with EURATOM, letter— U.S., memorandum—885 410 Albania, trade with the U.S., memorandums— Nuclear nonproliferation, message transmitting 807, 938 report—1071 Angola Nuclear weapons matters, letter transmitting Trade with the U.S., memorandum—887 report—659 U.S. assistance, memorandum—273 Occupational safety and health, message trans- Armenia, Belarus, Kyrgyzstan, and Russia, mitting reports—520 trade with the U.S., memorandum—539 Oregon, designation of public lands as wilder- Azerbaijan, Georgia, Kazakhstan, Moldova, ness areas, letter transmitting proposed legis- Ukraine, and Uzbekistan, trade with the lation—1161 U.S., memorandum—711

C–8 Administration of George Bush, 1992

Communications to Federal Agencies—Continued Fact Sheets—Continued Burma, refugee assistance, memorandum— Welfare reform strategy—1212 1155 Wisconsin Cambodia and Burma, U.S. refugee assistance, Welfare demonstration project—1194 memorandum—474 Youth apprenticeship program—1195 China, delegation of reporting authority, Interviews With the News Media memorandum—798 Combined Federal Campaign, memoran- Exchanges with reporters dum—949 Air Force One—306, 449 Comoros, U.S. arms exports, memorandum— Capitol—1058 820 Cherry blossoms at the Tidal Basin—555 Conventional Forces in Europe Treaty Imple- Helsinki, Finland—1106 mentation Act, memorandum—243 Houston, TX—350 Ethiopia Knoxville, TN—274 Certification for U.S. assistance, memoran- Los Angeles, CA—847 dum—819 Munich, Germany—1096 Export-Import Bank redesignation, memoran- Pensacola, FL—403 dum—222 Rio de Janeiro, Brazil—927 Federal Savings Bond Campaign, memoran- San Antonio, TX—318, 319, 322, 333 dum—471 Sequoia National Forest, CA—1113 Generalized System of Preferences, memoran- South Lawn—1145, 1182 dums—938, 940 Sydney, Australia—1 Haiti, emergency funding for OAS mission, Tokyo, Japan—57 memorandurn—199 White House—82, 193, 223, 227, 284, 364, Indonesia, nuclear energy agreement with the 371, 405, 411, 466, 503, 516, 573, 577, U.S., memorandum—1052 643, 687, 709, 749, 752, 899, 918, 1001, Kuwait, delegation of reporting authority, 1016, 1075, 1158 memorandum—273 Foreign journalists—1063 Latvia, Lithuania, and Estonia, Export—Im- Joint news conferences port Bank services, memorandum—156 Australia, Prime Minister Keating—9 Legislative proposals, benefits and costs, Bolivia, President Paz Zamora—330 memorandum—666 Canada, Prime Minister Mulroney—799 Mexico, counternarcotics assistance, memoran- Colombia, President Gaviria—330 dum—321 Cyprus, President Vassiliou—516 Narcotics control certification, memorandum— Ecuador, President Borja—332 351 Germany, Chancellor Kohl—483 Reducing the burden of Government regula- Japan, Prime Minister Miyazawa—59 tion, memorandum—166 Korea, South, President Roh—33 Regulatory coordination, memorandums—165, Mexico, President Salinas—327, 1115 166 Peru, President Fujimori—318, 331 Regulatory reform implementation, memoran- Poland, President Walesa—1082 dum—665 Russia, President Yeltsin—177, 943, 944, 953 Romania, trade with the U.S., memorandum— Singapore, Prime Minister Goh—20 1000 Ukraine, President Kravchuk—693 Social Security card changes, memorandum— United Kingdom, Prime Minister Major— 220 905 South Africa, Export-Import Bank services, News conferences memorandum—272 No. 115 (January 2)—9 Tajikistan and Turkmenistan, trade with the No. 116 (January 4)—20 U.S., memorandum—886 No. 117 (January 6)—33 Transportation of humanitarian assistance to No. 118 (January 9)—59 the former Soviet Union, memorandum— No. 119 (January 22)—123 123 No. 120 (February 1)—177 Tree planting initiative, memorandum—1167 No. 121 (February 14)—245 United Nations, U.S. payments, memoran- No. 122 (February 27)—324 dum—219 No. 123 (March 11)—416 Weapons destruction in the former Soviet No. 124 (March 22)—483 Union, memorandum—490 No. 125 (April 1)—522 Fact Sheets No. 126 (April 10)—579 No. 127 (May 6)—693 American technological revolution policies— No. 128 (May 20)—799 1207 No. 129 (June 4)—889

C–9 Administration of George Bush, 1992

Interviews With the News Media—Continued Meetings With Foreign Leaders and International News conferences—Continued Officials—Continued No. 130 (June 7)—905 Czechoslovakia—Continued No. 131 (June 13)—927 Prime Minister C˘ alfa—1232 No. 132 (June 17)—953 Ecuador No. 133 (July 2)—1063 President Borja—332, 1219, 1223 No. 134 (July 8)—1096 President-elect Duran-Ballen—1199 No. 135 (July 14)—1115 El Salvador, President Cristiani—303 No. 136 (July 16)—1119 Estonia, President Ruutel—1246 European Community Joint Statements Commission President Delors—625, 1246 Kazakhstan-U.S. relations—793 Council President Cavaco Silva—625 Munich economic summit Finland Declarations—1086, 1088 President Koivisto—1246 Yugoslavia communique—1085 Prime Minister Aho—1237 Russia-U.S. summit France Chemical weapons elimination—964 Foreign Minister Dumas—740 Defense conversion, declaration—963 Former Finance Minister Balladur—1240 Global Protection System cooperation—962 President Mitterrand—1219, 1245 Strategic offensive arms reductions—944, Georgia, Republic of, Chairman Shevard- 961 nadze—1246 San Antonio drug summit—334 Germany Strategy for world growth, Japan and the Chancellor Kohl—483, 1228, 1246 U.S.—51 Foreign Minister Kinkel—1053 Ukraine-U.S. relations, declaration—703 President Weizsa¨cker—661, 667, 670, 1246 Greece, Prime Minister Mitsotakis—1246 Letters and Messages Honduras, President Callejas—709 See also Bill Vetoes; Communications to Con- Hungary, Prime Minister Antall—1106 gress; Resignations and Retirements India, Prime Minister Rao—1219 Death of Lawrence Welk, letter—798 Israel, Jerusalem Mayor Kollek—1239 Italy Independence Day, message—1055 President Cossiga—554 Iranian New Year, message—490 Prime Minister Amato—1246 National African-American (Black) History Jamaica, Prime Minister Manley—1229 Month, message—163 Japan Passover, message—606 Ambassador Kuriyama—630 St. Patrick’s Day, message—436 Ambassador Murata—132 Meetings With Foreign Leaders and Emperor Akihito and Empress Michiko—65, International Officials 1216 Foreign Minister Watanabe—132 See also Joint Statements Former Prime Minister Kaifu—1216 Albania, President Berisha—936 Prime Minister Miyazawa—49, 52, 57, 59, Australia 174, 1054, 1216, 1245 John Hewson—1215 Special Emissary Kanemaru—1240 Premier Greiner of New South Wales—3 Jordan, King Hussein—432 Prime Minister Keating—9, 16, 1215 Kazakhstan, President Nazarbayev—792 Austria, Chancellor Vranitzky—1219 Korea, South, President Roh—33, 44, 1215, Bangladesh, Prime Minister Zia—473 1216 Belgium, Prime Minister Martens—1219 Latvia, President Corbunovs—1246 Bolivia, President Paz Zamora—319, 330, 1223 Lithuania, President Landsbergis—1246 Bosnia, President Izetbegovic—1246 Mexico, President Salinas—327, 1115, 1117, Brazil, President Collor—924 1224 Bulgaria, Prime Minister Dimitrov—370 Byelarus, President Shushkevich—1246 Moldova, President Snegur—272 Canada Morocco, King Hassan II—1219 Jean Chretien—1222 Nicaragua, President Chamorro—573, 574 Prime Minister Mulroney—799 North Atlantic Treaty Organization, Secretary Cape Verde, Prime Minister Veiga—1219 General Woerner—1246 Chile, President Aylwin—758, 765 Norway, Prime Minister Brundtland—899, 900 China, Premier Li Peng—1220 Panama, President Endara—921 Colombia, President Gaviria—319, 330, 1223 Peru, President Fujimori—318, 331, 1223 Cyprus, President Vassiliou—516, 517 Poland Czechoslovakia President Walesa—1082 President Havel—1107 Prime Minister Olszewski—595

C–10 Administration of George Bush, 1992

Meetings With Foreign Leaders and International Statements by the President—Continued Officials—Continued Deaths—Continued Portugal, President Soares—79 Haley, Alex—220 Russia Hayakawa, S.I.—345 First Deputy Prime Minister Gaydar—659 Hayek, Friedrich August von—493 Foreign Minister Kozyrev—1241 Scott, Stan—542 President Yeltsin—177, 942–944, 950–953, Walton, Samuel M—542 961–964, 967, 1220, 1243, 1246 Drug marketing, reform of approval process— Singapore 575 President Wee—20, 1215 Earth Day—624 Prime Minister Goh—20, 1215 Haiti, trade embargo—838 Senior Minister Lee—1215 Health care fraud—1052 ´ Spain, Prime Minister Gonzalez—528 Los Angeles police trial verdict—668 Suriname, President Venetiaan—194 Maryland welfare reform, waivers—1056 Sweden, Prime Minister Bildt—285, 1222 Mexico, meeting with President Salinas—1117 Switzerland, President Felber—1221 Natural gas pipelines, Federal regulation re- Trinidad and Tobago, Prime Minister Man- form—561 ning—757 New American Schools design competition— Turkey 1105 President O¨ zal—660 New Jersey welfare reform, waivers—1153 Prime Minister Demirel—223, 225, 1221, Nuclear weapons—1062, 1110 1246 Ukraine, President Kravchuk—693, 1246 Operation Desert Storm anniversary—116 Presidential primaries United Kingdom, Prime Minister Major—904, Conclusion of season—879 905, 1219 Results—272, 371, 415, 470, 503, 554 United Nations, Secretary-General Boutros- Sentencing of Manuel Noriega—1109 Ghali—752, 753 Strategic Defense Initiative—493 Venezuela, President Pe´rez—1219 Supreme Court decisions Zambia, President Chiluba—284 Abortion—1032 Lee v. Weisman—1009 Notices Tax bill veto, House of Representatives action Iraq, continuation of the U.S. national emer- to sustain—506 gency—1154 Tax legislation passed by the House of Rep- resentatives—346 Resignations and Retirements United Nations Conference on Environment See also Statements Other Than Presidential and Development—753 National Aeronautics and Space Administra- Urban aid initiatives—748 tion, Administrator—241, 242 Welfare reform—578 National Foundation on the Arts and the Hu- Yugoslavia, U.S. recognition of former repub- manities, National Endowment for the Arts, lics—553 Chairman—290 Statements Other Than Presidential Statements by the President Angola, U.S. deployment of C–130 aircraft— See also Bill Signings; Resignations and Retire- 1207 ments Azerbaijan, establishment of diplomatic rela- Air pollution regulatory relief—470 tions—284 Alternative minimum tax, Senate action—1199 Bangladesh, meeting with Prime Minister Antitrust enforcement policy—529 Zia—473 Balanced budget amendment—923, 1008, Bolivia, trade with the U.S.—1078 1053 Bulgaria, meeting with Prime Minister Climate change, signing of convention—926 Dimitrov—370 Cuba Canada, trade agreement with the U.S.—649 Independence Day, 90th anniversary—805 Central Intelligence Agency, resignation of Support for democratic change—615 Deputy Director Kerr—87 Czechoslovakia, resignation of President Chile, meeting with President Aylwin—765 Havel—1144 China, trade with the U.S—881 Deaths Colombia Alcorn, Meade—79 Escape of Pablo Escobar—1168 Begin, Menachem—405 Trade with the U.S.—1078 Brenner, Glenn—86 Commerce Department, confirmation of Sec- Fay, Albert Bel—364 retary Franklin—346

C–11 Administration of George Bush, 1992

Statements Other Than Presidential—Continued Statements Other Than Presidential—Continued Conventional Armed Forces in Europe Treaty, Norway, meeting with Prime Minister inclusion of eight former States of the So- Brundtland—900 viet Union—1108 Open Skies Treaty—502 Cyprus, meeting with President Vassiliou—517 Ozone-depleting substances, phaseout—232 Czechoslovakia, telephone conversation with Peru, suspension of Constitution and dissolu- President Havel—540 tion of Congress and the judiciary—542 Death of Rose Bowen—123 Poland, meeting with Prime Minister Drug summit in San Antonio, TX, announce- Olszewski—595 ment—134 Portugal, meeting with President Soares—79 Ecuador, meeting with President—elect Duran President’s Federal income tax return—606 Ballen—1194 President’s physical examination—506 El Salvador, meeting with President Cristiani Railroad labor dispute resolution, bill signing— 303 1021 Emergency Unemployment Compensation Russia Program—756 First Deputy Prime Minister Gaydar, meet- Energy legislation, congressional action—833 ing—659 Export Enhancement Program, review—221 Russia-U.S. commission on POW-MIA’s, es- Former Soviet Union, trade with U.S.—512 tablishment—482 France, meeting with Foreign Minister Telephone conversations with President Dumas—740 Yeltsin—473, 494 General Motors plant closings—312 Somalia, relief efforts—1194 Georgia, Republic of, establishment of diplo- South Africa, telephone conversation with matic relations—502 Germany President de Klerk—471 Foreign Minister Kinkel, meeting—1053 Space-Based Global Change Observation Sys- President Weizsa¨cker, meeting—670 tem, establishment—902 Haiti, interdiction of refugees—818 State Department, appointment of Senior Co- Honduras, meeting with President Callejas— ordinator Gallucci—215 709 Supreme Court decision on the Alvarez- Hungary, relaxation of export restrictions—684 Machain case—940 Intelligence community, organizational Suriname, meeting with President Venetiaan— changes—528 194 Inter-American Institute for Global Change Syria, lifting of restrictions on Syria’s Jewish Research—775 community—648 International Covenant on Civil and Political Tajikistan, establishment of diplomatic rela- Rights, signing statement—902 tions—284 Israel, telephone conversation with Prime Min- Transportation Department, confirmation of ister Rabin—1111 Secretary Card—291 Italy, meeting with President Cossiga—554 Trinidad and Tobago, meeting with Prime Japan, upcoming visit of Prime Minister Minister Manning—757 Miyazawa—1025 Turkey Jordan, meeting with King Hussein—432 President O¨ zal, meeting—660 Kissimmee Basin restoration project—389 Prime Minister Demirel, telephone con- Libya, restrictions on air traffic—607 versation—438 Macedonia, recognition dispute—1079 Turkmenistan, establishment of diplomatic re- Moldova, meeting with President Snegur—272 lations—284 Monterey Bay National Marine Sanctuary, cre- Ukraine, telephone conversation with Presi- ation—977 dent Kravchuk—346 National energy security legislation—286 United Nations, meeting with Secretary-Gen- National technology initiative, endorsement— eral Boutros-Ghali—753 241 Uzbekistan, establishment of diplomatic rela- Navy Department Designation of Acting Secretary O’Keefe— tions—284 1096 White House Office, appointment of Deputy Resignation of Secretary Garrett—1024 Chief of Staff Moore—149 Nicaragua, meeting with President Yugoslavia and the Caucasus region of the Chamorro—574 former Soviet Union, refugee assistance— 1980 Paris meetings, President’s alleged, in- 839 volvement, congressional findings—1057 Zambia, meeting with President Chiluba—284

C–12