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APPENDIX 1: COLLATED INDEX GRAPHS Small/Essex Skipper Silver-Spotted Skipper 2.8 3.2 2.8 2.4 2.4

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APPENDIX 1: COLLATED INDEX GRAPHS Small/Essex Skipper Silver-Spotted Skipper 2.8 3.2 2.8 2.4 2.4 APPENDIX 1: COLLATED INDEX GRAPHS Small/Essex Skipper Silver-spotted Skipper 2.8 3.2 2.8 2.4 2.4 2.0 2.0 1.6 1.6 1.2 0.8 1.2 0.4 0.8 0.0 1976 1980 1984 1988 1992 1996 2000 2004 2008 1976 1980 1984 1988 1992 1996 2000 2004 2008 Year Year Large Skipper Dingy Skipper 2.8 2.8 2.4 2.4 2.0 2.0 1.6 1.6 1.2 1.2 0.8 0.8 1976 1980 1984 1988 1992 1996 2000 2004 2008 1976 1980 1984 1988 1992 1996 2000 2004 2008 Year Year Grizzled Skipper Wood White 2.8 3.6 3.2 2.4 2.8 2.0 2.4 1.6 2.0 1.6 1.2 1.2 0.8 0.8 1976 1980 1984 1988 1992 1996 2000 2004 2008 1976 1980 1984 1988 1992 1996 2000 2004 2008 Year Year Clouded Yellow Brimstone 4.0 2.8 3.6 3.2 2.4 2.8 2.4 2.0 2.0 1.6 1.6 1.2 0.8 1.2 0.4 0.0 0.8 1976 1980 1984 1988 1992 1996 2000 2004 2008 1976 1980 1984 1988 1992 1996 2000 2004 2008 Year Year 40 Large White Small White 2.8 2.8 2.4 2.4 2.0 2.0 1.6 1.6 1.2 1.2 0.8 0.8 1976 1980 1984 1988 1992 1996 2000 2004 2008 1976 1980 1984 1988 1992 1996 2000 2004 2008 Year Year Green-veined White Orange Tip 2.8 2.8 2.4 2.4 2.0 2.0 1.6 1.6 1.2 1.2 0.8 0.8 1976 1980 1984 1988 1992 1996 2000 2004 2008 1976 1980 1984 1988 1992 1996 2000 2004 2008 Year Year Green Hairstreak Brown Hairstreak 2.8 2.8 2.4 2.4 2.0 2.0 1.6 1.6 1.2 1.2 0.8 0.8 1976 1980 1984 1988 1992 1996 2000 2004 2008 1976 1980 1984 1988 1992 1996 2000 2004 2008 Year Year Purple Hairstreak White-letter Hairstreak 2.8 3.2 2.4 2.8 2.4 2.0 2.0 1.6 1.6 1.2 1.2 0.8 0.8 1976 1980 1984 1988 1992 1996 2000 2004 2008 1976 1980 1984 1988 1992 1996 2000 2004 2008 Year Year 41 Small Copper Small Blue 2.8 2.8 2.4 2.4 2.0 2.0 1.6 1.6 1.2 1.2 0.8 0.8 1976 1980 1984 1988 1992 1996 2000 2004 2008 1976 1980 1984 1988 1992 1996 2000 2004 2008 Year Year Silver-studded Blue Brown Argus 2.8 2.8 2.4 2.4 2.0 2.0 1.6 1.6 1.2 1.2 0.8 0.8 1976 1980 1984 1988 1992 1996 2000 2004 2008 1976 1980 1984 1988 1992 1996 2000 2004 2008 Year Year Northern Brown Argus Common Blue 2.8 2.8 2.4 2.4 2.0 2.0 1.6 1.6 1.2 1.2 0.8 0.8 1976 1980 1984 1988 1992 1996 2000 2004 2008 1976 1980 1984 1988 1992 1996 2000 2004 2008 Year Year Chalk-hill Blue Adonis Blue 2.8 3.6 3.2 2.4 2.8 2.4 2.0 2.0 1.6 1.6 1.2 1.2 0.8 0.4 0.8 0.0 1976 1980 1984 1988 1992 1996 2000 2004 2008 1976 1980 1984 1988 1992 1996 2000 2004 2008 Year Year 42 Holly Blue Duke of Burgundy Fritillary 3.2 2.8 2.8 2.4 2.4 2.0 2.0 1.6 1.2 1.6 0.8 1.2 0.4 0.0 0.8 1976 1980 1984 1988 1992 1996 2000 2004 2008 1976 1980 1984 1988 1992 1996 2000 2004 2008 Year Year White Admiral Purple Emperor 2.8 2.8 2.4 2.4 2.0 2.0 1.6 1.6 1.2 1.2 0.8 0.8 1976 1980 1984 1988 1992 1996 2000 2004 2008 1976 1980 1984 1988 1992 1996 2000 2004 2008 Year Year Red Admiral Painted Lady 2.8 4.0 3.6 2.4 3.2 2.8 2.0 2.4 2.0 1.6 1.6 1.2 1.2 0.8 0.8 0.4 1976 1980 1984 1988 1992 1996 2000 2004 2008 1976 1980 1984 1988 1992 1996 2000 2004 2008 Year Year Small Tortoiseshell Peacock 2.8 2.8 2.4 2.4 2.0 2.0 1.6 1.6 1.2 1.2 0.8 0.8 1976 1980 1984 1988 1992 1996 2000 2004 2008 1976 1980 1984 1988 1992 1996 2000 2004 2008 Year Year 43 Comma Small Pearl-bordered Fritillary 2.8 3.6 3.2 2.4 2.8 2.0 2.4 1.6 2.0 1.6 1.2 1.2 0.8 0.8 1976 1980 1984 1988 1992 1996 2000 2004 2008 1976 1980 1984 1988 1992 1996 2000 2004 2008 Year Year Pearl-bordered Fritillary High Brown Fritillary 4.0 4.0 3.6 3.6 3.2 3.2 2.8 2.8 2.4 2.4 2.0 2.0 1.6 1.6 1.2 1.2 0.8 0.8 0.4 1976 1980 1984 1988 1992 1996 2000 2004 2008 1976 1980 1984 1988 1992 1996 2000 2004 2008 Year Year Dark Green Fritillary Silver-washed Fritillary 2.8 2.8 2.4 2.4 2.0 2.0 1.6 1.6 1.2 1.2 0.8 0.8 1976 1980 1984 1988 1992 1996 2000 2004 2008 1976 1980 1984 1988 1992 1996 2000 2004 2008 Year Year Marsh Fritillary Heath Fritillary 2.8 2.8 2.4 2.4 2.0 2.0 1.6 1.6 1.2 1.2 0.8 0.8 1976 1980 1984 1988 1992 1996 2000 2004 2008 1976 1980 1984 1988 1992 1996 2000 2004 2008 Year Year 44 Speckled Wood Wall Brown 2.8 2.8 2.4 2.4 2.0 2.0 1.6 1.6 1.2 1.2 0.8 0.8 1976 1980 1984 1988 1992 1996 2000 2004 2008 1976 1980 1984 1988 1992 1996 2000 2004 2008 Year Year Scotch Argus Marbled White 3.2 2.8 2.8 2.4 2.4 2.0 2.0 1.6 1.2 1.6 0.8 1.2 0.4 0.0 0.8 1976 1980 1984 1988 1992 1996 2000 2004 2008 1976 1980 1984 1988 1992 1996 2000 2004 2008 Year Year Grayling Gatekeeper 2.8 2.8 2.4 2.4 2.0 2.0 1.6 1.6 1.2 1.2 0.8 0.8 1976 1980 1984 1988 1992 1996 2000 2004 2008 1976 1980 1984 1988 1992 1996 2000 2004 2008 Year Year Meadow Brown Small Heath 2.8 2.8 2.4 2.4 2.0 2.0 1.6 1.6 1.2 1.2 0.8 0.8 1976 1980 1984 1988 1992 1996 2000 2004 2008 1976 1980 1984 1988 1992 1996 2000 2004 2008 Year Year 45 Large Heath Ringlet 3.2 2.8 2.8 2.4 2.4 2.0 2.0 1.6 1.6 1.2 1.2 0.8 0.8 1976 1980 1984 1988 1992 1996 2000 2004 2008 1976 1980 1984 1988 1992 1996 2000 2004 2008 Year Year 46 Appendix II. UKBMS data uses and recent publications Butterfly transect data continues to be in high demand for conservation and research. Highlights include: Land use policy and habitat management • Government targets for protected area management in England – will threatened butterflies benefit? Davies, H., Brereton, T.M., Roy, D.B. & Fox, R. (2007) Government targets for protected area management in England - will threatened butterflies benefit? Biodiversity and Conservation, 16, 3719-1736. • The changing status of the Chalkhill Blue butterfly Polyommatus coridon in the UK: the impacts of conservation policies and environmental factors Brereton, T., Warren, M., Stewart, K., & Roy, D. (in press). Journal of Insect Conservation. • Management of an artificially created wildflower meadow for common blue Polyommatus icarus butterflies at Bunkers Park, Hertfordshire, England o www.conservationevidence.com/ViewEntry.asp?ID=532 Climate change research • A NERC Ecology and Hydrology Integrating Fund project, 2007-2010 for three years will address “The impact of climate change on habitat use: implications for predicting species' range changes”. The project will include analysis of UKBMS transect data. • Analysis of UKBMS transect data is an important component of two CEH integrating Fund projects, running 2008-2011 1. Shifting Phenology: Attributing Change Across Ecosystems (SPACE) 2. The role of pathogens in butterfly population declines: interactions with habitat fragmentation and climate change • Development of indicators of climate change for Scotland. Sparks, T.H., Collinson, N., Crick, H., Croxton, P., Edwards, M., Humber, K., Jenkins, D., Johns, D., Last, F., Maberly, S., Marquiss, M., Pickup, J., Roy, D., Sims, D., Shaw, D., Turner, A., Watson, A., Woiwod, I., and Woodbridge, K. (2006). Natural Heritage Trends of Scotland: phenological indicators of climate change. Scottish Natural Heritage Commissioned Report no. 167 (ROAME no. F01NB01). • Cross-taxa analyses of trends in the abundance of birds, butterflies and moths (with Rothamsted Research, British Trust for Ornithology and York University). Analysis completed for PhD thesis.
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