The author tackles a confusing immigrant family dating to the earliest settlement of Lancaster County, Pennsylvania.

Four Generations of the Family of Pequea Pioneer Jacob Miller (1663-1739)

By Thomas A. Durkin

Drawing of an eighteenth-century frigate

Pennsylvania Mennonite Heritage 14 October 2007 Few Mennonite families are more frustrating to research "there are perhaps 200 persons listed with a form of Johannes than the Millers of Lancaster County, Pennsylvania. Millers Muller who came to America between 1727 and 1808."1 There came to America early and often; they lived in a lot of places, are researched histories of some Miller families but not enough including but not limited to Lancaster County; they were of them. Many family branches with this surname are still Lutheran, Reformed, Amish, and Quaker as well as Mennonite; orphans from others; thus, it is difficult to fit many of the Jacobs and every Swiss or German family with this surname seemed to and Johns into a framework that properly places them with their name sons Jacob or John. Referring to Strassburger and Hinke's appropriate parents, siblings, children, uncles, aunts, and Pennsylvania German Pioneers, author J. Virgil Miller reports that cousins. The purpose of this article is to provide from primary records a starting place for further research on more generations of one well-known branch of the Millers but one apparently without a published history: the family of Jacob Miller Senim~ the Pequea pioneer of 1710. While this individual is well known to historians as one of the original European settlers of Lancaster County, except for a few earlier French fur traders and mission­ aries, his family is still confusing. This article outlines his docu­ mented family as completely as possible for four generations, fit­ ting these early Lancaster Cmmty residents into a family struc­ ture.2 Always the starting point for a project of this kind is the work of others who have gone before. For this reason a sec­ ondary goal here is to review briefly some available published, unpublished, and electronic sources on aspects of this family's history to see where these sources may have helped understand this family or added to the confusion about it. Consequently, the body of the article is divided into two parts. The first examines what we think we know about Jacob Millel~ the pioneer, from a variety of secondary sources. The second part then reorients some of the remaining questions and inconsistencies by turning to the primary sources. Because the primary records are never as complete as we would like and are sometimes difficult to find and sort, this project will probably always be a work in process. Nonetheless, the historical records are clear enough to be very helpful in structuring at least a significant portion of the early Lancaster County Millers.

Part One: Secondary Sources about Jacob Miller

Among her many writings Jane Evans Best discussed the ancestry of Jacob Miller in her informative and interesting article "Martin Kendig's Swiss Relatives."3 In that article she indicated that the European ancestry she outlined for 1710 pioneer Jacob Miller was likely but not definite. According to he1~ in 1693 at age thirty Miller probably was living in Friedrichstadt, Germany. Richard Warren Davis published a somewhat different interpretation in his Emigrants, Refugees, and Prisoners. According to Davis, Jacob Miller was recorded as living in 1703 at Darnhof, Eppingen, Germany, for the past five years, age thirty-five.4 Best's article indicates that this latter individual probably was Jacob Miller's younger brother Hans Jacob, born in 1668.5 A

IJ. Virgil Miller, "Which is the Correct John Miller?" Mennonite Family History 17 (October 1998): 174. 2The original goal of this project was to find and identify, if possi­ 0, ble, the Jacob Miller who married Hannah Etter in Lancaster Colmty about 1795. They are mentioned in the will of her fathet~ George Etter, of This photograph shows the June 27, 1710, letter from London Strasburg Township, proved July 17, 1811 . After extensive looking for in the Amsterdam Archives (no. 2253), in which six men­ and sorting of Millers over a period of years, a suspect surfaced but no Martin Kintig, Jacob Miiller, Martin Oberholtzer, Martin proof, and this original goal remains unsatisfied. If anyone might be Maile, Christian Herr, and Hans Herr-on their way to aware of proof of the identity of this Jacob Miller, this information about Pennsylvania thanked their friends in Amsterdam for finan­ him would be gratefully received and appreciated. cial aid that they had received because the journey cost more 3Jane Evans Best, "Martin Kendig's Swiss Relatives," Pennsylvania than they had imagined. England was still using the Julian cal­ Mennonite Heritage 15 (January 1992): 10-13. endar, Old Style, at this time. Because the signatures all appear 4Richard Warren Davis, Emigrants, Refugees, and Prisoners, vol. 3 Warren Davis, 1999), 282. to be by the same hand, this particular letter may be a copy of (Provo, Utah: Richard 5Annette Klmselman Burgert also reports that this reference from an original, the location of which is unknown. Another possi­ Eppingen is to Hans Jacob Miller. See her Eighteenth Century Emigrants bility is that it may have been drafted by the member of the from German Speaking Lands to North America, vol. 1, The Northern group who was most gifted as a scribe, perhaps the last person, Krnichgau, Publications of the Pennsylvania German Society, no. 16 who signed for all. (Breinigsville, Pa.: Pennsylvania German Society, 1983), 124.

Pennsylvania Mennonite Heritage 15 October 2007 N

christopher Franciscus \530 acres) ~

Martin Kiindig Martin \1060 acres) christian l(undig Bert (264 (530 acres) acres) -----*- --- Martin 1719 Wende\ Mey\in Herr Bowrnan (264 J-louse (530 acres) acres)

I WilloW* \. St~eet~ \_Mennomte Meetinghouse

The 1710/11 Pequea land purchase in Lancaster County, Pennsylvania, including immigrant Jacob Miller's tract (shaded area) more important difference between the two versions is that reconcile or even discuss further Jacob Miller's European ances­ Rudliffe/Rudolph Miller, another early Lancaster County Miller try, no matter how interesting and closely bound up with the tra­ immigrant, is Jacob Miller's second cousin in Best's version but vails of German and Swiss Anabaptists in the sixteenth and sev­ a brother in Davis's interpretation. The intent here, however, is enteenth centuries.6 Regardless of ancestry and European trav­ just to mention published differences in these sources and not to els, the Jacob Miller of interest here emigrated from Europe to Pennsylvania in 1710 on the ship Maria Hope. The Maria Hope left England in late June 1710 with a sizeable group of Mennonites among about ninety-four passengers and crew (dates here are of the calendar then in effect). In another article Richard Warren Davis has attempted to piece together the otherwise-unrecorded list of the Mennonites on the Maria Hope

6Readers interested in general background of the Mennonite move to Pennsylvania in the early eighteenth century are directed to John Landis Ruth's monumental history of the Lancaster Mennonites, The Earth Is the Lord's, Studies in Anabaptist and Mennonite History, no. 39 (Scottdale, Pa.: Herald Press, 2001). 7Richard Warren Davis, "Swiss and German Mennonite Immigrants from the Palatinate, 1704-1717," Mennonite Family History 13 Ganuary 1994): 11. The Davis listing also includes Wendel Bowman (spelled vari­ ously in historical records as Wendel, Wendell, and Wendall Bowman and Bauman), who was already in Pennsylvania before 1710 and there­ Neff's Mill covered bridge over the Pequea Creek near the fore was not on this voyage. intersection of Bridge Road and Penn Grant Road in West snus letter is reproduced in full in a number of places, including Ira D. Landis, "For a Faith's Pure Shrine," Mennonite Research Journal 1 Lampeter Township stands near the center of immigrant Jacob (October 1960): 25. This letter may be a copy of an original (location Miller's tract. Near its southeastern end until recent years were unknown) because all the signatures appear to be by one hand. the ruins of the mill built in 1797 by Wendell Bauman (m. 9Martin Hervin Brackbill, "New Light on Hans Herr and Martin Anne Landis), grandson of immigrant Wendell Bauman. Kendig," Journal of the Lancaster CounhJ Historical Society 39 (1935): 73-102.

Pennsylvania Mennonite Heritage 16 October 2007 based on land warrants, tax, and naturalization records. From his compilation twenty-nine individuals on that voyage eventu­ ally reached what became Lancaster County. Besides Jacob Miller and his wife and sons Jacob and Martin, they included Hans Funk and his wife, Barbara; Hans Herr with his wife, Frances Brackbill, and children John, Veronica, Anna, and Christian; his brother Christian Herr with his wife, Anna, and children John, Christian, Abraham, and Elizabeth; Martin Kendig with his wife, Elizabeth Bar, and son John Jacob; Martin Meili with his wife, Anna Rutgen, and son Martin; Martin Oberholtzer with his wife and sons Jacob and Martin; and Christopher Franciscus, who was single and probably not a Mennonite.7 A letter from London-dated June 27, 1710, and signed by Jacob Miller and five of the others (Martin Kendig, Martin Oberholtzer, Martin Meili, Christian Herr, and Hans Herr)-thanked their benefactors in Holland for financial assis­ tance on their journey to Pennsylvania. According to the letter, "This kind contribution came very opportunely to us, because the journey cost more than we imagined."B Because these individuals, along with Johann Rudolph Bundeli, Wendel Bowman, and Hans Graff, who were already in Pennsylvania before 1710, were the original Swiss German landowners of Lancaster County, their travels and settlement have been examined extensively and are recorded and discussed in a variety of places. One important source is a 1935 article by Martin H. Brackbill in the Journal of the Lancaster County Historical Society.9 Quoting the journals of passengers Thomas Chalkley and Samuel Guldin, this source says that the Maria Hope, John Gravestone of 1710 immigrant Jacob Miller in the Tschantz Annis, master, entered Delaware Bay on September 16, 1710. As Cemetery, West Lampeter Township, Lancaster County, discussed at length by passenger Guldin, the voyage had been Pennsylvania. It reads: 1742 I HIR LICHT BEGRA I BENDER long and somewhat stormy, but it was successful in that no one ALTE I JACOB MILLER GE I BURTIG IN TEUTSCH I LAND died. In haste to avoid pirates in the area, it ran aground and did GEWESEN ER I IST GESTORBEN DEN I 20 ABRILL 1739 SEIN not reach New Castle until September 20 and Philadelphia on I GANZES ALTER WAR I 76 JAHR 1 MONAT I UND 3 September 23.10 WOCHEN (Here lies buried old Jacob Miller, born in The Mennonite pioneers warranted a tract of about ten Germany. He died April 20, 1739. His entire age was 76 years, thousand acres on Pequea Creek through William Penn's prop­ 1 month, and 3 weeks). Although other immigrants are erty commissioners-Edward Shippen, Griffith Owen, and believed to be buried in this oldest cemetery in Lancaster Thomas Story-who issued to surveyor Jacob Taylor a survey County, Pennsylvania, this is the only known surviving grave­ order dated October 10, 1710.11 They actually settled only on the stone from a male immigrant who was part of the original western six thousand acres between present Willow Street and Pequea settlement. Strasburg Borough (the whole area then in Chester County). Jacob Miller received 1,008 acres of this grant plus six per­ Chester County tax records for the years 1718 to 1726 exist cent for roads in a patent dated June 30, 1711.12 His land lay on (except 1723).14 The tax records indicate that Jacob Miller was both sides of the boundary between what today are West taxed at the "Conestogoe rate" in Chester County during these Lampeter and Strasburg Townships, just west of the present bor­ years (discussed further below). ough of Strasburg. Jacob Miller's land straddled both banks of Jacob Miller died on April20, 1739, and was buried in what Pequea Creek and both sides of the lane known today as Penn later has been called the Tschantz Cemetery on land originally Grant Road, including the area around the Neff's Mill nine­ patented to him in today's West Lampeter Township, Lancaster teenth-century wooden covered bridge and Tschantz Cemetery. County, Pennsylvania. He is the only one of the original His property extended northwest to the crossroads at present European settlers of Lancaster County whose grave is marked Lampeter Square and to the east almost to the Strasburg although it is believed that Wendel Bowman and Martin Meili Mennonite Meetinghouse.B

IDRelevant entries from Thomas Chalkley's journal are reproduced Two other early settlers on this land, Heruy Haines and Heimich in Landis, "For a Faith's Pure Shrine," 25-26, and Samuel Guldin's full Zimmerman (Henry Carpenter), were not involved in the original trans­ memoir of the voyage, written shortly after arrival, is in "Hans Herr's action. Hemy Carpenter bought land from Christopher Franciscus in Ocean Voyage," Mennonite Research Journal1 (October 1960): 27, 29, and 1712, and Hemy Haines Sr. apparently was not a landowner. For further continued, 2 (April1961): 19, 22, 24. Thomas Chalkley (1675-1740) was an discussion of the fmnily of Hemy Haines, see Dorothy Dunlap Weaver, English missionary who worked at various times in Germany, Maryland, "The Hains Families," Mennonite Family History 17 (April1998): 78-85. Pennsylvania, and the West Indies. Samuel Guldin (1664-1745), the first 12Patent A-4-239, PSA. minister of the German Reformed Church in Pennsylvania, had lost his 13 A copy of H. Frank Eshleman's 1903 map of this property appears congregation in Germany in a dispute with church authorities there over in Mennonite Research Joumal1 (October 1960): 36, and many more maps his association with Pietism and did not take up another parish in of this land, in Samuel E. Wenger, 1710 Pequea Settlement Tour Resource Pennsylvania. Information Booklet [Akron, Pa.: author], 1999). 11Survey B-23-216, Pennsylvania State Archives, Harrisburg, Pa., J4See Gary T. Hawbaker and Clyde L. Groff, A New Index: Lancaster hereafter PSA. The full wording of the warrant, including the financial County, Pennsylvania, before the Federal Census, vol. 4, Index to the 1718- details, appears in the Brackbill article surrounding and encompassing n. 1726 Tax Records of Chester County, Relating to Areas Later Part of Lancaster 13. This article extensively discusses the surveying and patenting of this County (Hershey, Pa.: Gary T. Hawbaker, 1985). This source also includes land and nearby parcels. John Rudolph Bundeli, who obtained a sepa­ the earlier index prepared by H. Frank Eshleman and published by the rate warrant, and the Oberholtzers apparently never lived on this land. Lancaster County Historical Society in 1916.

Pennsylvania Mennonite Heritage 17 October 2007 are buried in the same cemetery in unmarked graves. His tomb­ ing payments to James Logan, the agent for William Penn, for stone in German indicates his age as "76 years, 1 month, and 3 Jacob Miller's land, purchased in 1711.24 He is also mentioned in weeks."15 It also has the decorative date 1742, presumably the some other sources as a teamster in Lancaster County (then in date of the stone carving.I6 From the inscription it is possible to Chester County) in the earliest days.2s The other John Miller was calculate his birth date to March 1, 1662/63. A recent visit to this born in 1713 and later married Mary Brubaker. He is mentioned cemetery found it in good condition. Jacob Miller's stone and in a variety of places as the son of Jacob Miller, the pioneer, that of his son Samuel (both in the back left of the cemetery) are including the publications by Best, Davis (Emigrants), and very weathered but clearly readable for the most part. A wood­ Wenger and in the "Short Manuscript." en sign, formerly placed at the site by a local Boy Scout troup, Part Two: TheM Jacob Miller Family designated it the Tschantz Graveyard and called it Lancaster County's oldest cemetery, dating to 1733. By early 2005 this sign Primary records discussed more fully in the following sub­ had fallen victim to vandalism and was no longer there. sections show that Jacob Miller had at least five sons, and there However, another has now replaced it. are strong indications that he had a daughter and possibly one Other than taxation and land records, very little is known more son. These sources also permit construction of a likely birth about Jacob Miller's life in Pennsylvania although it must have order and approximate birth dates for these children. Primary been much more free and satisfying, even with its pioneering records further identify nineteen grandchildren and fifty-five difficulties, than typical Mennonite experience in Switzerland great-grandchildren.26 and Germany at that time. Evidence exists that he was married First, land records discussed below show that Jacob Miller twice, but the names of both wives are unknown. It seems that partitioned his landholdings to descendants in 1719, 1730, 1731, the first of his children was born at least by 1690, and the last, no and 1736, and the relevant records provide the names of sons earlier than 1711, after he had come to Lancaster County.17 John, Jacob Jr., Martin, and Samuel. In addition, son Martin The listings of Jacob Miller's children are somewhat different Miller's 1773 will says specifically that he had a half brother, in various published and unpublished sources. Review of the pri­ Abraham Miller. This shows both that Jacob Miller was married mary documents seems to straighten out the differences in the var­ twice and also that he had another son, Abraham, not identified ied locations, but a summary of information from these secondary through the land transactions. Further, land records suggest that sources is provided here first. These differences in information Christina, who married Henry Haines Jr., was Jacob Miller's have caused some confusion, and they are noted for this reason. daughter. Finally, the proximity of residence of Valentine Miller In his article listing the 1710 Mennonite immigrants on the as a young man argues that he may have been another son Maria Hope, Davis records that Jacob Miller immigrated with his although proof apparently is lacking. wife and sons Jacob, age.eight, and Martin, age one. He notes that More specifically and concerning birth orqer and dates in the names of the father and both sons are on the list of those nat­ more detail, the 1718 tax list includes Jacob Miller and John uralized in January 1729/30. This listing does not preclude other children, of course, especially girls and children born about 1708 and not yet of age in 1729 or deceased before early 1729/30.18 15The translation is based on Wilmer J. Eshleman, "Old West Lampeter In "Martin Kendig's Swiss Relatives" Jane Evans Best says Township Cemeteries," Pennsylvania Mennonite Heritage 1 (July 1978): 11. that Jacob Miller's children included Jacob, Samuel, John, and 16This tombstone was pictured on the cover of Pennsylvania Mennonite prqbably Christina.I9 Heritage in January 1992 and also in Ruth, The Earth Is the Lord's, 249. In Emigrants, Refugees, and Prisoners Davis records the same 17Jt is possible to find a number of sites on the Internet that claim that four children with somewhat different birth dates plus Martin.2o his wife was either Elizabeth Hess or Magdalena ~ but these "sources" never indicate the origin of this information or any evidence for In Early Families of Lancaster, Lebanon, and Dauphin Counties, it. Since no origin is cited and these Internet sites may merely be quoting one Pennsylvania, Keith A. Dull lists Jacob and Martin plus Hance another, they are given no credence here beyond mention in this footnote. (probably meaning the same as Hans or John) and Michael.2I It is possible that the suggestion of Magdalena actually arises from An unsigned short manuscript found in the Miller file at the name of his son Samuel's wife, who is mentioned on Samuel's tomb­ both the Lancaster County Historical Society and the Lancaster stone. A mistranslation of the old German on the tombstone has pro­ Mennonite Historical Society (referred to hereinafter as "The duced this mistaken interpretation in the past. See photograph caption Short Manuscript") reports that "records show that he had three for transcription of stone. This translation is based on Eshleman, "Old sons" and mentions Jacob, Samuel, and John. West Lampeter Township Cemeteries," 11; with one change to that trans­ In 1710 Pequea Settlement Tour Resource Information Booklet lation discussed in the following paragraphs. On the stone, as on Jacob Miller's stone next to it, all letters are capitals, all of the N's are carved Samuel E. Wenger lists Jacob Jr., Martin, Valentine, John, Samuel, backwards, and some words break at the end of the line in the middle of and Anna, whom he refers to as a daughter of Jacob Miller and the word.) the widow of Abraham Herr.22 At least one source reports the German inscription, the dates, and An unsigned article in the Mennonite Research Journal, the ages somewhat differently and provides an accompanying transla­ October 1960, marking the 250th anniversary of the original tion that the Magdalena referred to on this stone was Jacob Miller's wife, Pequea settlement, lists Jacob, Samuel, Martin, and Valentine not son Samuel's wife: "Here lies buried Samuel Miller, old Jacob Miller's plus Ann, a widowed daughter-in-law as of 1736.23 son. Also his wedded wife, who was named Magdalena. He lived with her in matrimony 46 years and 18 days. She died the 4th of November Source Imnti rant jacob Miller's Children 1739. Her full age was 78 years 9 months and 14 days." H. Frank Bes t Jacob Samuel John " Probably" Christina Eshleman, A K. Hostetter, and Charles Steigerwalt, "Report of the True D.1vis Jacob Samuel John Martin Christina Character, Time and Place of the First Regular Settlement in Lancaster (ERP) County," Papers Read before the Lancaster Counll; Historical Society 14 Davis Jacob Samuel Martin {MFH) (unborn) (February 4, 1910): 21-71. This source records the ages erroneously and Dull Jacob Hance Martin Michael contends that Jacob Miller's wife Magdalena is buried along with Samuel Miller Ms. Jacob Samuel john W e nl!Cr Jacob Samuel John Martin Valentine Anna under the stone. Landis Jacob Samuel Martin Valentine Further, Richard Warren Davis, Emigrants, 3:282, reports the ages A further complication is that it appears from these and on Samuel Miller's stone correctly, but he adds, "He was called the old­ other secondary sources taken together that there are two John est son of Jacob and Magdalena Miller on his headstone," even though Millers sometimes listed as sons of Jacob Miller. One is the John he lists on the same page two older brothers (Jacob and Martin) imme­ diately above Samuel. Miller who was a householder with wife Ann and apparently Personal examination of this stone shows that it does not say 46 individually established by about 1712. Samuel Wenger notes years of marriage or 78 years of age, regardless of the translation of the that he is recorded as Jacob Miller's son on June 30 and again on German. It says 6 years and 28 years. Furthermore, the stone says, Seine August 1, 1716, in the Pennsylvania Land Office Journal as mak- Ehefrnu War Magdalene Nefin (Magdalena Neff), not Magdalena Namen, as

Pennsylvania Mennonite Heritage 18 October 2007 Miller, "Conestogoe rate, Dutch inhabitants."27 The 1719 list would have been too young to have been on the tax list inde­ again includes Jacob Miller and Hance Miller, probably the same pendently by 1726 or the naturalization list in 1729/30, which person as John of the previous year, but this time also adds "and explains why his name is not found in either place. son" after Jacob Miller. It also notes Jacob Miller, "freemen [sic]," So far, this discussion approximately dates the births of four which is followed by "with his father," crossed out.2B All this sons of Jacob Miller: John (about 1690), Jacob Jr. (about 1697), would appear to indicate that Jacob Miller Sr. was taxed that Martin (about 1704), and Samuel (1710/11). As indicated earlier, year together with a son Jacob Miller Jr., "freemen," along with Martin Miller's will, written in early 1773 and proved March 15 John (Hance) again. that year, shows there was another, Martin's half brother, These records suggest that son John was over twenty-one Abraham Miller; none of the secondary sources mentions this in 1718 (birth before 1697) and that son Jacob Jr. may have additional sibling. He is not mentioned in the tax list of 1726 as turned twenty-one that year and become a taxable freeman in he would have been if born before 1705. However, there is an 1719 although maybe living with his father (birth in 1697). Abraham Miller naturalized in 1729/30. If this is the same indi­ Other information discussed below indicates that John Miller vidual, it indicates birth by about 1707 as recorded here. probably was married by 1712 and that he died in 1719. This, in Further, review of property records discussed below shows that turn, would explain why he is not on the naturalization list of in 1738 a Valentine Miller lived on land adjacent to Jacob Miller's 1729/30 or in the tax list after 1719. If he were a householder in property, which seems to suggest, but certainly not prove, that he 1712, he must have been born about 1690 to have been of age was part of the same family. Nowhere is he indicated as a descen­ by the later year. Taking all this together, so far it seems the dant of sons John, Jacob Jr., Martin, Samuel, or Abraham Miller. Miller family included father Jacob Miller, born March 1, There also is no indication anywhere that he was a descendant of 1662/63, two unknown wives, and sons John (b. by 1690) and Rudliffe/Rudolph Miller or Michael Miller, other Millers living in Jacob Jr. (b. ca. 1697). this area at the early dates.30 This suggests he most likely was a "Martin Miller Conestogoe rate" appears in the tax list for descendant of Jacob Miller Senior and, therefore, a brother or half 1725 and 1726.29 Land transactions discussed later show that he brother of John, Jacob Jr., Martin, Samuel, and Abraham. Valentine also was a son of Jacob Miller. Since he first appears on the tax Miller would not have been on the last available early tax list (1726) list in 1725, he was probably born around 1704. or on the 1729/30 naturalization list if he were born about 1709, Samuel Miller is recorded in a variety of places as the first which is how he is recorded here with tentative attribution as a son European child born in what is now Lancaster County, January of Jacob Miller. Clearly, more information on this individual would 22, 1710/11. His death date and age are carved on his tombstone be useful. He is evidently the "Filtin" Miller taxed in 1751 and the at the Tschantz Cemetery, making calculation of a birth date pos­ Valentine Miller taxed in 1754 in Manor Township, Lancaster sible. The stone says in primitive German that he was the son of County. In 1756 Valentine Miller patented land in Manor Township, "old Jacob Miller." The calculated birth date shows that he where he lived at Safe Harbor until he died, probably in 1762.31 the German is reported by H. Frank Eshleman, et al., and translated in 24Wenger, 1710 Pequea Settlement, 50. the paper as "named Magdalena." Magdalena Neff, daughter of Francis 25See George Shumway, Edward Durrell, and Howard C. Frey, Neff and Barbara Eby, is known to have been the wife of Samuel Miller, Conestoga Wagon, 1750-1850, 2d ed. (George Shumway and Early as discussed below, not the wife of his father, Jacob Miller. The name American Industries Association, 1966), 16; Ruth, The Earth Is the Lord's, Nefin on the stone is a bit difficult to read because the letters run togeth­ 210; and Charles D. Spotts, They Called It Strasburg, Community er at the end of a line, but it definitely is there. Historians Annual, no. 7 (December 1968), 4, quoting Shumway, et al. Other sources reporting the tombstone inscription also do not 26A table at the end of this article summarizes the listing of all the report the name Nefin from the stone-for example, Eshleman, "Old descendants of Jacob Miller mentioned here and in the following subsec­ West Lampeter Cemeteries," 11, and Wenger, 1710 Pequea Settlement Tour, tions. Discussion in the text and footnotes provides the sources for the table. 55. Although referring to Samuel Miller, the latter source says specifical­ 27Hawbaker and Groff, A New Index, 4:35. ly on p. 51, "His wife was Magdalena Nafin (Neff)." 2Bfuid. Hawbaker and Groff note that there actually are two lists for One widely available printed source proposing a name for Jacob 1719 and that they are not exactly the same. This fact appears to account Miller's wife is Keith A. Dull, Early Families of Lancaster, Lebanon, and for the somewhat confusing listing this year. "Martyn" Miller also appears Dauphin Counties, Pennsylvania (Westminster, Md.: Family Line, 2000), in one of the 1719lists, but it seems that he was not yet actually of age. which indicates it was Magdalena and also cites no source or reference 29Ibid. for this information. 30Rudliffe/Rudolph Miller named his sons Henry and Jacob in his No matter what the source, the idea that Jacob Miller's wife was will, written in 1731 (Will A"1-9, Lancaster County Archives, Lancaster, Magdalena is not new. In addition to the Eshleman, et al., article in the Pa.), and later land records show that Michael Miller's sons were LCHS Journal in 1910, a letter, dated August 13, 1948, from Bertha Michael, Jacob, Christian, David, and Samuel (see Deeds K-1-76, N-1- Cochran Landis on stationery of the Lancaster County Historical Society 537, and 0-1-257, Lancaster County Archives, Lancaster, Pa.). Hereafter to Ira D. Landis and found in the Miller surname file at the Lancaster all will, deed, and miscellaneous book references come from Lancaster Mennonite Historical Society also indicates that her name was County Archives, Lancaster, Pa., unless otherwise stated. Magdalena but again fails to cite a source for the information. 31Patent A-20-117, PSA. Other than mention in this footnote, in 18Discussion of the process of naturalization appears in Ruth, The the previous one, once in the text, and in another footnote later, this Earth Is the Lord's, chap. 8, and a list of probable Mennonites naturalized article ignores the family of Michael Miller, who is indicated as a son on January 12, 1729/30, appears in his appendix A. There is a third Jacob of Jacob Miller by Dull, Early Families, 90. A glance at the tax list might Miller on this list, designated Jacob Miller (black). It is highly unlikely suggest this possibility, but it seems improbable and is not even men­ the parenthetical identification refers to an individual of African descent tioned in any other secondary source. Michael Miller was living near­ as that identifier might be used in a later time; African blacks were rare by, was naturalized in 1729/30, and was on the surviving tax lists in backcountry Pennsylvania at that time. It probably referred to black every year, 1718 to 1726. He did not live in the Pequea settlement hair or some such identifier (disposition?). Jane Evans Best suggests that area, however, but rather in what became Hempfield Township. mention of another Jacob Miller probably refers to the father of Henry There is extensive information in will and land records about his fam­ Miller, one of the leaders of the Brethren congregation at Ephrata (see ily, but nowhere is there any indication that he was the son of Jacob Best, "Martin Kendig's Swiss Relatives," 10). He may also have been the Miller. The genealogical card file at the Lancaster Mennonite Jacob Miller who was the son of Rudliffe Miller. Historical Society indicates that he immigrated in 1717 as a widower 19fuid., 12. with a young son, Jacob, born in Europe. If so, as a widower in 1717 20Davis, Emigrants, 3:282. he clearly would have been old enough at that time to have been on 21Dull, Early Families, 90. his own and to have immigrated separately from his father. Because 22Wenger, 1710 Pequea Settlement, 51-54. he is not mentioned in any primary sources as related to any of the 23[Ira D. Landis], "Here and There on These Pioneers," Mennonite affairs of the other Millers, it does not appear that he was a son of Jacob Research Journal1 (October 1960): 33. Miller-in the absence of further research findings to the contrary.

Pennsylvania Mennonite Heritage 19 October 2007 Map of distribution of immigrant Jacob Miller's approximately one thousand acres plus six percent for roads: A. Jacob Miller to J. Kastner, 1731; then to Jacob Haines, 1739; and then to Jacob, Samuel, and Isaac Haines, 1762 B. Jacob Miller to Henry Haines, 1731; then to Rudolph Haines, 1738/39; to Joseph Haines, 1740; to John Herr, 1759; to Abraham Herr, 1769 Cl. Jacob Miller to daughter-in-law Ann in trust for Hannah, 1719; Jacob and Ann Kastner release to Hannah, 1741; to son Daniel Haines; to Jacob Witmer C2. Jacob Miller to daughter-in-law Ann in trust for John, 1719; Jacob and Ann Kastner release to John, 1741 D. Jacob Miller to Samuel Miller, 1736; to Neff relatives E. Jacob Miller to Martin Miller, 1731, adjacent toM Jacob Miller and M2 Jacob Miller Jr. F. Jacob Miller to M2 Jacob Miller Jr., 1730

Finally, it appears that Jacob Miller also had a daughter. probably Christina. If the birth order discussed here is correct, Information from land transfers discussed further below indi­ then Abraham, Valentine, and Samuel would have a different cates that the Christina who was the wife of Henry Haines Jr. mother from their older half siblings (since Martin, the next probably was a daughter of Jacob Miller and was born in Europe around 1700.32 As a female Christina would not have been recorded independently on the naturalization or tax lists. 32Jn the primary records Haines is spelled a variety of ways, includ­ This fills out the known children of Jacob Miller as John, ing Haines, Hains, Haynes, Hayns, Hain, Hoen, et cetera. In this article Jacob Jr., Martin, Abraham, Samuel, possibly Valentine, and Haines is generally used.

Pennsylvania Mennonite Heritage 20 October 2007 eldest as proposed here, is clearly identified as a half sibling of daughter of Jacob Brubaker. The easily understandable Abraham, the next one in line). Mennonite aversion to church records at the time precludes the Any confusion over two sons named John is also clarified certainty that existence of such records would provide. by land records. As discussed further below, a deed dated Descendants lived in the same general area for multiple genera­ December 12, 1719, but recorded much later, provided to Ann tions, and it would have been easy enough to pass this informa­ Miller, daughter-in-law of Jacob Miller and widow of his son tion along. In the nineteenth century great-granddaughter Leah John Miller, deceased, 159 acres, part of Jacob Miller's patent of Mayer Herr noted this marriage and provided birth dates for one thousand acres on Pequea Creek.33 After her decease this both John Miller and Mary Brubaker and a death date for Mary land was to pass to her son John Miller and daughter Hannah Brubaker Miller in a printed document titled "Family Records," Miller or their survivor in case one should die before Ann. A available in the Miller surname file at the Lancaster Mennonite deed memorandum .indicates that Jacob Miller acknowledged Historical Society. It is difficult to imagine that the detail in this on October 24, 1732, that he had delivered this land to Ann source, primarily concerned with generations later than dis­ Miller. This establishes that the John Miller born about 1713 was cussed here, was not the result of research at the time sufficient not the son of Jacob Miller but rather his grandson through son to have determined the correctness of the names of this mar­ John, who died in 1719, and his wife, Ann. riage. Obviously, further confirmation certainly would still be Because Jacob Miller transferred his land to his descendants usefuJ.37 in his lifetime, no real need existed for an extensive will to ratify In any case, John and Mary Miller had six children, whom the transactions. On 1t1arch 25, 1740, son Jacob Miller was John Miller named in his will, and many grandchildren. This appointed estate administrator with Martin Miller and Christian John Miller, self-designated in his will as John Miller Senior of Stoneman as sureties, but no final accounting has been found. Lampeter Township, died in 1801 at about age eighty-eight. The wording of the administration letter appears to suggest that This second Jolm Miller dated his will March 4, 1788, and it he did not leave a will in that it directs: was proved over four dates between December 28, 1801, and March 13, 1802.38 It lists six children: Elizabeth, wife of David And if it shal hereafter appear that any Last Will & testa­ Miller; Barbara, widow of the late John Graff and wife of David ment was made by the said decedt & the Ext or Executors Eshleman; Ann, wife of Abraham Hare, John, Jacob (deceased), therein named shal Exhibit the Same into the Register and David. Remaining living sons John and David Miller were 1 Gen Office makeing Request to have it Approved, executors. Because of the similarity of the names of Jacob Accordingly if the sd Jacob Miller Uacob Miller Jr., the admin­ and great-grandchildren istrator being appointed] Being theretmto required Do Render Miller's children, grandchildren, and Deliver up the sd Administration then this obligation to through the four generations, it is useful to refer to the summa­ be Void or Else to be & Remain in full force & Virtue. ry table at the end of this article. The text and footnotes of the article provide the sources for the names in the table. Thus, unfortunately, about all we know of pioneer Jacob The identity of the former David Miller, husband of M111 Miller's life in Pennsylvania is the land and tax transactions Elizabeth nee Miller, who was the daughter of the younger John involving what is today some of the most beautiful farmland in Miller, remains a bit of a mystery. This couple does not seem evi­ the New World plus his famous tombstone. dent in Lancaster County records, perhaps indicating that they moved from the area. Perhaps they will turn up in further Ml John Miller Family research.39 The will of a David Miller of Strasburg Village, writ­ ten November 23, 1785, was proved May 14, 1794, but it appears As indicated, it appears that John Miller was the eldest son of Jacob Miller or at least the eldest who came to Lancaster County. The births of two children before 1719 show that he 33Deed S-1-138, taken from Patent A-4-239, PSA. probably was established in his own household before that time. 34See Shtunway, et al., Conestoga Wagon , 16, referring to review of A variety of secondary sources indicate his son John was born in James Logan's account books in Evelyn A. Benson, "The Earliest Use of 1713. If so, this shows that the elder John Miller must have been the Term 'Conestoga Wagon,"' Papers of the Lnncaster County Historical born by about 1690 if not before. According to an entry for May Society 57 (1953): 109-19, esp. 113. According to this source, John Miller 19, 1716, in the account book of James Logan, who was carrying was the first wagoner in this area, and the wagon belonged to him, not James Logan. Within a short time there also were others. on a trade between Philadelphia and the interior, John Miller 35Deed S-1-138. had used his wagon to bring to Philadelphia furs for James 36Deed M-1-149. Patterson, Ann LeTort, Peter Bezaillion, and Martin Chartier, tak­ 37This document concentrates on the family of John and Mary ing back "lead, gunpowder, blue duffels, rum, kettles, and salt to (Brubaker) Miller's son David Miller. trade for more furs."34 Along with his father, John Miller was on The usefulness of further information on this marriage was also recent­ the Chester County tax list at the "Conestogoe rate," in 1718 as ly raised in a reader's quety by Noah L. Oberholtzer Jr. in Pennsylvania John Miller and in 1719 as Hance Miller. Mennonite Heritage 29 (October 2006): 35. Better information may never be John Miller left only two children when he died in 1719, but known, however. For the reasons indicated, the marriage to Mary he had grandchildren and further descendants through both of Brubaker is tentatively recorded here in the table at the end of this article, with the birth dates and death date from the "Family Records" doc­ them. Available records are sufficient to piece together the fami­ tunent and with the caveat that there is no definitive proof. lies of both children. For discussion of the ancestors and family of Mary Brubaker, see Specifically, as noted above, Jacob Miller in 1719 provided Phares Brubaker Gibble, History and Genealogy of the Brubaker-Brubacher­ 159 acres of his land to be divided equally between his two Brewbaker Family in America (Lititz, Pa: Eastern Pennsylvania Brubaker grandchildren, John and Hannah, by his deceased son M1 John Association, 1951); Landis H. Brubaker, "The Brubakers and Their Lands and John's widow, Ann, establishing the names of Jacob Miller's in East Hempfield Township, Lancaster County, Pennsylvania," grandchildren through this line.35 On May 7, 1741, Anna Miller Pennsylvania Mennonite Heritage 5 (April1982): 10-29; and Jane Evans and her second husband, Jacob Kastner, released this land to the Best, "Swiss Bruppachers in Lancaster County, Pennsylvania," two grandchildren.36 The deed record specifically says that it Pennsylvania Mennonite Heritage 16 Guly 1993): 19-33. 38Will H-1-238. The will contains codicils dated January 12, 1790, involved the land from Jacob Miller for his grandchildren, John and January 4, 1801, showing that he was still living in early 1801. and Hannah. Granddaughter Hannah Miller, who had married 390verall, the table at the end of this article lists nineteen grand­ Jacob Haines by this time, received parcel C1 on the map, and children of Jacob Miller and spousal information about all nineteen (for grandson John Miller received parcel C2. one of them only first name), but no information on great-grandchildren Although a definitive record seems not to exist, the second in five of the nineteen lines. Perhaps more will be found on at least some John Miller (Mll) apparently married Mary Brubaker, the of them in future research.

Pennsylvania Mennonite Heritage 21 October 2007 to be the will of a different David Miller.40 In it he mentions Eventually 269lh acres of this combined property from Jacob brothers Abraham and Benjamin Miller, sister Eve, and nephew Miller went to the children of Jacob and Hannah (Miller) Haines John Miller, son of Benjamin. He also provided for a small lega­ in a series of events and transactions that reveal the names and cy to William Phillips, son of Charles Phillips, although the will approximate birth dates of their children (noted below and in the does not record any relationship. This David Miller's 1785 will family outline at the end of this article).56 does not mention any wife or children, however, and John Miller Jacob Haines wrote his will July 3, 1762, and it was proved Sr. clearly suggests that his daughter Elizabeth, wife of David May 4, 1763, indicating death around that time.57 The will Miller, was still living when he wrote his will in 1788 and when records his residence in Lampeter Township and names his wife, he amended it the first time in 1790.41 Hannah, and children-Daniel, Jacob, Hannah, Samuel, and There is further information available about families of the Isaac. The Lancaster County Orphans' Court acted on his estate other children of John Miller, however. Continuing with his on March 5, 1765, noting that estate distribution was according daughters, John Miller's will says that Barbara is the wife of to the last will and testament. 58 David Eshleman and widow of John Graff. John Graff dated his The court's proceedings permit calculation of the approxi­ will March 31, 1784, and named his wife, Barbara, and listed their mate birth dates of the Haines children. First, the court did not six children.42 John Miller's· will also mentions two of the Graff mention Daniel and Samuel, which means they probably were daughters, Mary and Elizabeth Graff, as his granddaughters. over twenty-one in 1765 (birth by March 1744). Her father's will John Miller's will said his daughter Anna married Abraham says that daughter Hannah Haines was not yet eighteen in July Hare. They lived locally and both are buried at the Herr-Mayer 1762, which means her birth was aft~r July 1744. The court Cemetery in West Lampeter Township with tombstones record­ recorded in 1765 that children Hannah and Jacob Haines were ing their birth and death dates. Their tombstones also indicate both over the age of fourteen, indicating birth about March 1751. that they had seven children.43 At that time they chose Abraham Hess of Lampeter Township as John Miller did not mention the names of his sons' spouses guardian. The court also appointed Abraham Hess as guardian in his will, but he wrote that his sons John and David Miller had of Isaac Haines, who was under age fourteen, thus indicating received the land on which their father lived.44 Other informa­ birth after March 1751. Subsequently, on March 3, 1767, Isaac tion shows that son John Miller married Esther Bowman, daugh­ Haines chose his brother Jacob as guardian, which must have ter of Benjamin Bowman, and lived until1817. Son John Miller's meant he was at least fourteen then (birth by March 1753) and will, written in 1815, and a quitclaim in 1827 list their six chil­ his brother Jacob, twenty-one (birth by March 1746).59 dren.45 She is buried at the Herr-Mayer Cemetery in West Lampeter Township with dates on her stone, indicating that she was the wife of Johan Miller. Diverse records taken together show John Miller's son Jacob Miller died intestate in Strasburg Township leaving his wife, Susanna, and four children.46 This conclusion is reached as follows. 40Will F-1-578. 41This David Miller was not researched further, but those interest­ When John Miller wrote his will in 1788, he noted that he ed in him might start by examining the family of Gayen Miller. He was had already provided tracts of land in Strasburg Township to his a Quaker who died in western Chester County in 1744, leaving twelve deceased son, Jacob. On June 4, 1782, the Register of Probate for children, including sons Benjamin and John, indicated as living at that Lancaster County had appointed Abraham Hare and Jacob time on Pequea Creek in Lancaster County. Eshleman, "brothers in law" of Jacob Miller of Strasburg 42John Graff/Groff's will was proved May 26, 1784, indicating Township, deceased, as administrators of his estate.47 death about that time (Will E-1-40). John Miller's will shows that both Presumably this is the Abraham Herr who was the husband of daughter Barbara and second husband David Eshleman were living on Jacob Miller's sister Anna; and Jacob Eshleman, the brother of January 4, 1801, when he dated the second codicil to his will. Deed H-2- the husband of another sister, Barbara. On April 2, 1789, the 134, dated May 1, 1788, shows that they lived in Conestoga Township and that John Graff was the son of George and Susanna Graff. For fur­ Orphans' Court indicated that the Jacob Miller for whom ther information about the Graff/Groff family see Clyde L. Groff, Walter Abraham Hare and Jacob Eshleman were executors left a wife, B. Groff, and Jane Evans Best, The Groff Book, vol. 1 (Ronks, Pa.: Groff Susanna, and four children.4B Then the four children named by History Associates, 1985). From this source John Graff/ Groff was the son the Orphans' Court on April 2, 1789, December 4, 1789, and of George Groff and Susanna Herr (p. 20). November 13, 1797, have the names of their parents and Miller 43Eshleman, "Old West Lampeter Township Cemeteries," 11. Dates grandparents: Jacob, Susanna, John, and Mary. The court indi­ on the stones noted in the table at the end of this article are from this source. cated on December 4, 1789, that the children, except Mary, were 44See Deeds A-2-95 and A-2-102 for descriptions of this land. 45See Will under the age of fourteen at that time.49 (These children do not M-1-49, proved May 1, 1817, and Deed K-5-68, dated appear in the table at the end of this article because they are the November 17, 1817. The will of Esther Bowman's mother, Ann Bowman, proved March 5, 1803, records that her daughter Esther was the wife of fifth generation from Jacob Miller, the pioneer). John Miller (see Will H-1-269). A series of quitclaims on April13, 1782, John Miller's youngest son, David Miller, married Mary concerning settlement of the estate of Benjamin Bowman also records Souder, and they had nine children. Land records show that the that his daughter Esther was the wife of John Miller (see Deeds D-2-600, wife of David Miller, soil of John Miller Sr. of Lampeter K-2-507, K-2-523, and K-2-536). The property history in these deeds Township, was Mary, and the will of John Souder in 1788 shows shows that Benjamin Bowman and his wife, Ann, lived on the land of his that his daughter Mary was the wife of David Miller.5o David father, Wendel Bowman in Lampeter Township. Wendel Bowman's land died sometime before November 22, 1834, the date of the inven­ bordered pioneer Jacob Miller's land immediately to the west. tory of David Miller, "late of Lampeter Township."51 46He may have been the Jacob Miller whose August 7, 1770, marriage Pioneer Jacob Miller's granddaughter Hannah Miller prob­ to Susanna Graff is recorded at Saint James Episcopal Church, Lancaster, Pa., the church where many other Miller marriages are ably was born sometime recorded. after 1713, and she probably married 47Lancaster County Bond Book 4, 53. Jacob Haines before April 1739.52 On April 20-21 that year, the 4BLancaster County Miscellaneous Book, 1788-91, 124. day Jacob Miller died and the day after, her stepfather, Jacob 49Jbid., 195. On November 13, 1797, the court ordered a valuation of Kasmer, and her mother, Ann Kasmer, released two hundred the estate, and on January 18, 1798, it accepted the valuation of 780 acres to Jacob Haine.53 The Kasmers had received this land from pounds lawful money of Pennsylvania. Lancaster County Miscellaneous Jacob Miller for five shillings on December 28-29, 1731 (tract A Book, 1796-1801,80, 112. on the map).54 In 1741 Hannah (Miller) Haines and her husband, SOSee Deed A-2-95 and Will F-1-66. Jacob Haines, received from her grandfather the seventy-nine St A variety of published and unpublished secondary sources provide and one-half acres held in trust by her mother, Ann, and her further generations of the descendants of the second John Miller, focusing especially on the family of youngest son, David Miller. stepfather as mentioned above (parcel C1 on the These families are map).55 the fifth generation from Jacob Miller, the pioneer, and therefore;

Pennsylvania Mennonite Heritage 22 October 2007 Most of the seventy-nine and one-half acres that Hannah action involving his son David, dated May 31, 1799, shows that (Miller) Haines's mother, Ann, had received from Jacob Miller in Daniel Haines was deceased by that time.61 1719 in trust for Hannah and had released to Hannah and her Second son Samuel's wife apparently was Mary Yoner husband, Jacob Haines, in 1741 went to their eldest son, Daniel, rather than Margaret (unless he was married twice); he is buried after the death of his father, Jacob Haines.6o The two hundred with his wife, Mary, at Lampeter Reformed Mennonite acres that Jacob Miller had partitioned to the remarried widow Cemetery.62 Tombstones record that he died September 1, 1817, of his son John Miller and·her second husband, Jacob Kastner, in age seventy-eight years, three months, and sixteen days,63 and 1731 (tract A) went to Samuel, Jacob, and Isaac Haines also upon that wife Mary died November 19, 1803. This gives him a birth the death of their father, Jacob Haines, by his will. These events, date of May 15, 1739. Thus, the birth date of his brother Daniel taken together, establish the descendants of John and Ann Miller must have been before 1739, indicating marriage of their parents through their daughter, Hannah (Miller) Haines, to the fourth before 1738. generation of the family of Jacob Miller, the pioneer. Third son Jacob Haines and his wife, Catherine, were both Some of the Haines family were Quakers, others likely were living on September 6, 1782, when she appeared in Lancaster Mennonites, and still others were associated with the community County Orphans' Court with him and her sister, Magdalena at Ephrata. The Jacob Haines branch of the Haines family appar­ (Miller) Carpenter, as residuary legatees of their father, Martin, ently maintained a relationship with Saint James Episcopal and mother, Margareth Miller (more about them later).64 Later Church, Lancaster, however, which records the marriages of all land records describe him as a farmer of Lampeter Township five children of Jacob and Hannah Haines over the years 1763 to and show that both he and his wife, Catharine, were living on 1773: Daniel Haines and Esther Lerue, April 1, 1766; Samuel May 15, 1795.65 Haines and Margaret Yoner, June 20, 1763; John Gacob) Haines On August 5, 1772, daughter Hannah (Haines) Eicholtz and Catharina Miller, February 11, 1768; Hannah Haines and John noted that she had received her share of her father's estate from Icholds (Eicholtz), June 21, 1767; and Isaac Haines and Catherine her brother Jacob Haines, indicating she was living on that Divenbaugh (Diffenbach), November 23, 1773. This church also date.66 On May 26, 1792, she witnessed a land transaction records other Haines and Miller marriages, noted later. between her mother, Hannah Haines, and her brother Jacob, Available records also reveal a bit more about each of the indicating that all were living on that date.67 Haines children. Eldest son Daniel Haines engaged in some land Land records also reveal that youngest son Isaac Haines and transactions in Lampeter and Donegal Townships, and a trans- his wife both were living in Lampeter Township in November

not the subject matter here. Although this further information might be another reasonably reliable source for this family branch. These mem­ characterized under the term "tradition" rather than proven, as will and bers of the Peoples family lived in and near New Providence, and they land records such as those mentioned here in other footnotes might do, and their spouses are mostly buried near one another at the New careful employment of tradition is useful as a starting point for further Providence Mennonite Cemetery along with John Peoples and his wife, research on this family branch since there are so many Millers with the Susanna (Miller) Peoples. same names who are otherwise so difficult to separate and classify. Some Only the second John Miller's children, who are known from his of these traditional sources are mentioned in this footnote as potentially will, and their spouses are included in the family listing at the end of this useful for researchers interested in exploring branches of this family fur­ article-that is, to the fourth generation from pioneer Jacob Miller. These ther. They have the advantage of apparently having a nineteenth-centu­ other sources contain more generations than recorded here. ry origin at a time when David Miller's children and grandchildren were 52 Research of Dorothy Dunlap Weaver shows that Jacob Haines was .still living in and around Lampeter and Strasburg Townships. Dates the son of Henry Haines Sr. and the brother of Henry Haines Jr., who used in the table at the end of this article for John Miller and Mary married Christina, believed to be Jacob Miller's daughter, discussed fur­ Brubaker and for their son David Miller and his wife, Mary Souder, come ther below. See Weaver, "The Hains Families," 83-85. from these sources. S3Deeds N-1-491 and N-1-495. One source, and possibly the origin of the others, is the "Family S4Deeds N-1-492 and N-1-493. The history of this property is also in Records," noted in an earlier footnote. It is a printed, oversized, single Deeds W-2-270 and W-2-275 . page with the title "Family Records" in the Miller surname file at the ssDeed M-1-149. Lancaster Mennonite Historical Society, Lancaster, Pa. Study of this doc­ S6Jacob and Ann Kastner and Jacob and Hannah Haines also ument indicates that it probably was prepared by Leah Mayer Herr engaged in a variety of other land transactions both with each other and sometime shortly after October 22, 1878 (the latest date in the document). with other individuals, but these are not necessary for establishing the It refers to the second John Miller as "my great grandfather." Miller family relationships. See, for example, Deed L-1-342 between Possibly a descendant of the "Family Records" is the "Short Jacob Kastner and wife Ann and Jacob Haines and Deed M-1-419 Manuscript" mentioned above. There are copies of t!Je "Short Manuscript" between Jacob Haines and wife Hannah and Henry Haines, the younger. in the Miller surname files at bot!J the Lancaster County Historical Society An Internet site associated with the Carpenter family gives slightly more and t!Je Lancaster Mennonite Historical Society. The latter copy has a precision for these birth dates (it gives specific years), but it does not handwritten notation, "Presented by Wilmer J. Eshleman, 1976," alt!Jough indicate any source of this slightly greater precision. It is not encourag­ it does not specifically say t!Jat he was the author. ing because it contains other mistakes. The manuscripts are consistent with one another and also with the S'JWill A-1-253. ancestral information in a biography of Abner Peoples of New SBLancaster County Miscellaneous Book, 1763-67, 126. Providence (see Biographical Annals of Lancaster County [n.p.: J. H. Beers 59lbid., 272. & Co., 1903], 637). He was a son of John Peoples of New Providence, 60Deed S-1-139. This deed also shows that Hannah (Miller) Haines Lancaster County, Pennsylvania, and his wife, Susanna Miller, a grand­ was still living on July 27, 1767. Deed 1-2-366 shows that she was living on daughter of John Miller, "one of the oldest settlers of that part of March 3, 1770, and Deed W-2-268 shows that she died after May 26, 1792. Lancaster County." It notes that this John Miller was born in 1713; that 61Deed G-3-111, David Haines, Donegal Township, to Jacob Witmer, he married Mary Brubaker, born in 1719; and that their son David, the Lampeter Township. father of Susanna Miller, was born in 1754 and married Mary Souder. It 62Deed 1-2-366 shows that his wife was Mary on May 30, 1789. lists all of David and Mary Miller's children and their birth dates along 63He wrote his will June 10, 1814, and it was proved September 15, with further information about the Peoples family. At the time of the 1817 (Will L-1-604). The will mentions son Samuel and daughter publication of this biography, Abner Peoples was still living, as were four Elizabeth Binkley. of his six brothers and sisters. They lived right near their mother, 64Lancaster County Miscellaneous Book, 1782-84, 67. Susanna (Miller) Peoples, for almost sixty years until she died in 1883, 65Deeds U-2-56 and W-2-275. during which time it seems they would have had ample opportunity to 66Deed P-1-318. review family relationships. For this reason this biography seems to be 67!Jeed W-2-268.

Pennsylvania Mennonite Heritage 23 October 2007 1783, when he was described as a gunsmith there.68 In 1788 he is records prove that this individual was his brother Martin rather indicated as lender on a mortgage loan to Abraham Longenecker. than a third identified son. He noted receiving satisfaction in October 1793. No mention occurs Deed records show that Jacob Miller Sr. partitioned 159 acres of his wife at that time, but a later land transaction shows that both of his estate to his son Jacob Jr. on February 24-25, 1730 (tract F on were living on March 24, 1795.69 A further transaction on August 8, the map ).73 The history of this property records that Jacob Jr. and 1801, shows that Isaac Haines was then living, but it does not men­ his wife, Catherine, transferred this parcel to their own son Jacob tion his wife.7° Land transactions concerning the estate of her father III on April 12, 1758, showing also that Jacob Jr. and Catherine show that his wife, Catherine, was the daughter of Adam and were then still living. The third Jacob later died intestate before Feronica Diffenbach.71 Her mother's will-dated February 26, March 1, 1782, leaving a widow, Anna, and eleven children. On 1816, under her remarried name, Feronica Lantz-provides a lega­ that date the Register for the Probate of Wills granted letters of cy for her daughter Catherine, "wife," not "widow," of Isaac administration to his widow, Anna, and son Jacob, the fourth Haines, suggesting both were stillliving.n Jacob in this line.74 On March 7, 1782, the Orphans' Court consid­ ered a petition of his eldest son, Jacob, to retain the 159 acres.75 M2 Jacob Miller Jr. Family The court confirmed this petition on June 4, 1782.76 h1 addition to Jacob Miller IV, the Orphans' Court in a number Among the families of the children of Jacob Miller, the pio­ of proceedings also named the ten other children of Jacob Miller ill neer, the family of Jacob Miller Jr. produces perhaps the greatest and his wife, Anna, and the court records provide evidence for rea­ concern about incomplete records. He apparently did not leave sonable estimates of the birth dates of the eleven children as follows _?? a will. Even in the first half of the eighteenth century Miller was The court did not appoint a guardian for eldest son Jacob, such a common name in Lancaster County that the possibility who petitioned to retain the land. This means he must have been remains that others not recorded as such may also have been his of age in March 1782 (that is, birth date before March 1761). descendants. Calculation from the death date and age on his tombstone at the Nonetheless, land records show that his wife's name was Strasburg Mennonite Cemetery shows his birth date as 1755.78 Catherine, although her maiden surname is not known, and they The court noted that son John Miller and daughters had at least two sons, Jacob (here called Jacob III) and John. Susanna and Anna were over the age of fourteen, which means Proceedings of the Lancaster County Orphans' Court and quit­ birth by March 1768, and the rest were minors (birth after March claims recorded in the deed books provide the names of seven­ 1768). John chose Abraham Hare as guardian, and Susanna and teen grandchildren of Jacob Miller Jr. and Catherine (great­ Anna chose Abraham Newcomer of Conestoga Township. The grandchildren of pioneer Jacob Miller) through these two sons. court appointed Abraham Hare and Abraham Newcomer as Jacob Miller Jr. also released land to a Martin Miller, but the land guardians for the minor children.

68Deed X-1-310. 75Lancaster Cotmty Miscellaneous Book, 1776-82,356. 69Deed U-2-56. 76Lancaster Cotmty Miscellaneous Book, 1782-84, 24. 70Deed K-3-373. 77See Lancaster Cotmty Miscellaneous Book, 1776-82,355. 71 Deed G-2-58. Adam Diffenbach's will, written June 1, 1777, 78Tha.nks to Ivan B. Leaman for finding and pointing out his ances­ describes executor John Bare as "my trusty friend and brother-in-law." tor's stone. This suggests that his wife, Feronica, was born Feronica Bare (Will D-1-70). The history of the 159 acres from Jacob Miller, the pioneer, shows nwill M-1-236. that the fourth Jacob Miller and his wife, Barbara eventually released 73The extensive history of these transfers is described in Deed 15-4- some of this land to their son, a fifth Jacob Miller in this line (see Deed 236, recorded June 1, 1818. The transfer from Jacob Miller Sr., the pioneer, 15-4-236, dated September 7, 1816). to his son Jacob Miller Jr., whose wife was Catherine, is also recorded in Research of Ivan B. Leaman (and correspondence with him) shows Deed Q-3-508, which describes the transfer of the 159 acres to their son that the fourth Jacob Miller (Dec. 25, 1755-Aug. 18, 1828) actually mar­ Jacob Miller III. One problem is that a third deed, involving twenty acres ried twice, first to Susanna Kendig and only afterward to Barbara of this property, refers to the transfer of the 159 acres in February 1730 ___. Fmther study by the present author revealed that in settling from pioneer Jacob Miller as a grant to his grandson Jacob Miller rather the estate of Henry Kendig/Kendrick of Strasburg Township the than his son (see Deed U-2-188, dated September 3, 1795). If this transfer Lancaster County Orphans' Court noted on March 7, 1786, that his really were to a grandson, it would add another generation. It seems for daughter Susarma was the wife of Jacob Miller. Lancaster County a number of reasons, however, that the term "grandson" in this deed is Miscellaneous Book, 1784-87, 257. a mistake in transcribing (not especially surprising since so many Jacob The relationships become complicated here. As it turns out, Henry Millers were named in the deed): (1) Deed 15-4-236-which is quite Kendig's wife, Anna Miller (Susanna [Kendig) Miller's mother) was a lengthy, lists many descendants of Jacob Miller, and includes references first cousin of Susanna (Kendig) Miller's husband, Jacob Miller; Alma is to many quitclaims ·involving various descendants-uses the term "son" designated M222 in the table at the end of this article and is discussed to refer to this transfer in 1730, not "grandson." (2) Deed Q-3-508 further later. This makes Susanna (Kendig) Miller and her husband, describes all three individuals separately as grandfather, son, and grand­ Jacob Miller IV, first cousins once removed. After her husband Henry son. (3) If Jacob Miller's grandson were deeded land in early 1730, it Kendig died, Anna (Miller) Kendig married Jacob Fritz. seems that he would have been of legal age at that time, or in other Deed K-3-626, dated January 12, 1802, says that Jacob IV and words, at least born by sometime in 1708 (and yow1ger than at least one Susruma (Kendig) Miller's plantation was on the north side of the "road of Jacob Miller's children). If so, then his father would probably have to called Wendel Bowman's Road" (today called Penn Grant Road). Deed L- have been born about 1685-86, when Jacob Miller, the pioneer, was only 3-1 shows that Susanna (Kendig) Millet was still living in February 1802. twenty-two to twenty-three. While biologically possible, this narrow Sometime after that date and before September 7, 1816, the date of Deed compression of the generations necessary to conclude a transfer to a 15-4-236, Jacob Miller IV married Barbara, who is named in the deed but grandson in 1730 seems improbable for a family that otherwise did not whose maiden surname is unknown. Barbara Miller's tombstone, along­ seem to do things that way. (4) It also seems improbable that Jacob Miller side her husband's at the Strasburg Mennonite Cemetery, gives her death would have transferred land to a very young grandson before he trans­ date as May 27, 1854, age 84 years, 5 months, and 17 days. Calculating ferred the rest of his land to his children, which he did in 1731 and 1736. from her death date makes her birth date January 15, 1770. Some of these children would have been as old or older than this grand­ For discussion of further descendants of Jacob IV and Susanna son. For these reasons the term "grandson" in the third deed does not (Kendig) Miller, see Ivan B. Leaman, "Readers' Ancestry," Pennsylvania appear correct. Without Deeds Q-3-508 and 15-4-236 the conclusion that Men nonite Heritage 25 (October 2002): 42. "son" is correct rather than "grandson" would be problematic, but, most 79Lancaster County Miscellaneous Book, 1784-87,267. importantly, the extensive records in those deeds say "son" and so, there­ 80Lancaster County Miscellaneous Book, 1791-96,337. fore, does the conclusion here. 81See Phillip E. Bedient, Abstracts of the Records of the Orphans' 74Lancaster County Bond Book 4, 80. Court, 1790-1805, available at the Lancaster Mennonite Historical Society.

Pennsylvania Mennonite Heritage 24 October 2007 In a record of the accounting of the distribution of Jacob III's estate, the court in March 1786 indicated that daughter Susruma was then the wife of Frederick Shrey and that Anna was the wife of Philip Weichart.79This record also shows that Jacob Miller III's wife, Anna, was still living at this time. Apparently she died before April2, 1795, when Jacob Miller IV presented accounts for her estate to the Orphans' Court.so His sister Susanna, wife of Frederick Shrey, also had died by February 2, 1795, when Frederick Shrey asked for settlement of accounts for her and another deceased sister, Elizabeth, which was done by November 1796.81 In December 1786 the court indicated that Barbara, Maria, Esther, and Elizabeth were now all over age fourteen (therefore, born by December 1772).82 At that time they chose John Breckbill and Christian Hare of Lampeter Township as guardians in place of Abraham Hare and Abraham Newcomer. At the same time the court also appointed John Breckbill and Christian Hare guardians of the still minor children as well, therefore indicating birth dates for them after December 1772. Later land records reveal the names of the husbands of Barbara Herr, daughter of Christian Herr, the builder of the . Barbara (m. John Sides), Maria (m. Frederick Smith), Esther (m. 1719 Herr House near Willow Street, Pennsylvania, married George Miller), and Catherine (m. John Groff); Elizabeth died in M22 John Miller. This house, on the National Register of her minority.s3 A series of quitclaims between December 1796 Historic Sites, is now a museum, administered by the and August 1801-involving children Anna, John, Barbara, Lancaster Mennonite Historical Society. Maria, and Catherine Miller and the husbands of these women-provides information that the various marriages occurred before the quitclaim dates and that the individuals involved were still living on the dates they granted the quit­ Other land records demonstrate that Jacob Miller, the pio­ claims.84 Because Frederick Smith is not mentioned, it appears neer, also had a second grandson through Jacob Miller Jr., anoth­ that he died before the date Mary Smith signed. These names er John Miller. This choice of name is unfortunate for later and dates appear in the outline at the end of this article.ss genealogists, not so much because of difficulty tracing his fami­ ly, but because recording it makes the family listing seem so con­ fusing due to repetition of the same names. Information about this family arises from a number of sources. First, land transfer records show that M2 Jacob Miller Jr. and B2Lancaster Cotmty Miscellaneous Book, 1784-87, 391. his wife, Catherine, of Strasburg Township released on May 17, B3See Deed 15-4-236. 1757, to their son John Miller of Strasburg Township two hun­ 84See Deeds Q-3-511 through 517. dred acres in Strasburg Township that Jacob Miller Jr. had ssceorge Miller, husband of Esther Millet~ probably was the George Miller (aft. 1763-aft. Oct. 1, 1832), wife Esther, who was the son of (anoth­ acquired from Samuel Taylor and his wife, Elizabeth, on May 31, er) Jacob Millet~ wife Margaret, who died in 1812 (see Deed Y-5-124). This 1739. Description of this land in the deed indicates that it was other Miller family was Lutheran and part of Saint Michael's Church, part of a tract of 1,300 acres that Samuel Taylor had acquired Str<)sburg Village. A George Miller who died Jnne 1, 1841, in his 72nd year November 21, 1728. This deed clearly establishes that Jacob Jr. (b. 1769) and wife Esther, who died January 10, 1846, age 74 years, 2 and Catherine Miller had a son John.B6 months, and 17 days (calculated birth date, Oct. 24, 1771) are bmied at the Second, the record of a mortgage transaction in July 1780, Brackbill-Neff Cemetery, Strasburg Township, presumably this couple. specifically referring to the land that son M22 John Miller B6Deed D-1-502. received from his father, Jacob Miller Jr., shows that this John 87Recorded as Deed T-1-413, specifically referring to the land of Deed D-1-502. A number of other deeds repeat the listing of his Miller died intestate leaving five (remaining) children: John (m. children-for example, Deeds U-1-203, A-2-326, and N-2-645. Fronica), Anna (m. Jacob Fritz), Mary (m. Henry Witmer), 88Lancaster Connty Miscellaneous Book, 1772-76, 330. Daniel, and Simon, the latter two minors at that time. This John 89Deed S-3-407, dated October 22, 1803. Discussion here does not Miller's wife, when he died, was Mary, who by the time of the attempt to trace the title to components of John Miller's various land­ recording of the deed, was Mary Hare.B7 The Orphans' Court holdings except as necessary to sort and establish the family relation­ began consideration of his intestate status on March 5, 1776, ships. For detailed discussion of this John Miller's extensive land trans­ indicating death before that date.ss actions in Strasburg Village and Township, see Robert Kean Weaver, So far, so good. Howeve1~ this family contains some twists. Chains of Titles for Some Early Land Owners of the Strasburg Village Area, For one, apparently wife Mary was John Miller's second wife, Lancaster Co[unty], Pennsylvania (A Legal Perspective) (Saint Augustine, Fla.: Robert Kean Weaver, 1993), available at the Lancaster Mennonite following Barbara Herr. A land record shows that his wife in Historical Society. 1758 was Barbara.s9 Christian Herr, builder of the 1719 Herr 90Will I-1-192. House, wrote his will January 23, 1749/50, and it was proved the 91 Research of Robert Kean Weaver suggests that Jolm Miller's sec­ same year. Among his children he lists Barbara, wife of John ond wife was the widow Mary Strohm, maiden surname nnknown, Miller.90 Apparently, Barbara (Herr) Miller died before John since Jolm Herr's will notes three stepchildren named Strohm. His will Miller, and he later remarried an otherwise unknown Maria, does not indicate any stepchildren named Miller. See Will F-1-82 and who is the wife mentioned in the mortgage transaction and who Robert Kean Weaver, Chains of Titles, 244. later became the wife of John Herr. It seems that all of the chil­ 92See Lancaster Connty Miscellaneous Book, 1772-76, 238. Deed Y- dren belonged to Barbara Herr.9I 2-539 shows that Susanna Kendig, daughter of Henry Kendig and his wife, Arma, was the wife of Jacob Miller. For further discussion of the For another twist, as indicated in a previous footnote, Jacob family of this Henry Kendigh, see David R. Ritter, "Descendants of Fritz was the second husband of daughter Anna Miller, follow­ Henry Kendig (1708-1756) and Maria Wolfe of Lancaster Connty, ing Henry Kendig. In a proceeding concerning the death of Pennsylvania," Pennsylvania Mennonite Heritage 15 (July 1992): 25. Henry Kendig, the Orphans' Court reported on December 6, Proceedings of the Orphans' Court in 1807 concerning the estate of Jacob 1774, that Anna, wife of Jacob Fritz, was the widow of Henry Fritz show that he died before April 19, 1794 (Lancaster Connty Kendigh and listed their seven minor children. One of these chil­ Miscellaneous Book, 1806-08, 337). Deed 17-4-628 shows that Anna dren was Susanna Kendig, who later became the first wife of (Miller) Kendig Fritz had died by July 21, 1819. Jacob Miller IV, as introduced in an earlier footnote.n

Pennsylvania Mennonite Heritage 25 October 2007 Maybe because he died intestate instead of leaving a will, be his only children readily identifiable. Jacob Miller Jr. entered many further primary records exist for the family of this John into some land transactions with a Martin Miller, which might Miller, son of Jacob Miller Jr. These records establish that he actu­ leave the impression that Martin Miller was another son, but ally had six children but that daughter Rebecca had died by July land records show that Martin Miller was actually his brother.1°5 1780. Orphans' Court records allow calculation of the approxi­ mate birth dates of the children as follows. M3 Christina Miller Family In March 1776 the court did not specify the need for guardians of the older children-John, Anna, and Mary-and, As indicated above, apparently no proof exists that Jacob indeed, did not mention them in this proceeding. This means Miller had a daughter Christina; nonetheless, land records cer­ that they probably were of age by that time (all three were mar­ tainly lead to the conclusion that the Christina who married ried by 1780) and therefore were born before March 1755, possi­ Henry Haines Jr. was the daughter of Jacob Miller. This marriage bly some years before.93 is the second instance noted here of a union of the Haines and The record of March 5, 1776, says that Daniel Miller, over Miller families by marriage and the first chronologically since it fourteen, chose Jacob Eshleman guardian, and the court appoint­ apparently took place about 1720 or so. Discussion above noted ed Jacob Eshleman and Jacob Neff guardians for Simon and the marriage of Jacob Miller's granddaughter Hannah through Rebecca Miller, both under fourteen, children of John Miller, son John to Jacob Haines about 1737. As it turns out, Jacob deceased, of Strasburg Township.94 Since the court said that son Haines and Henry Haines were brothers. Other members of the Daniel was over fourteen at the time, he was born before March Haines family also became intertwined with the Millers through 1762 .95 Since Simon and Rebecca were not yet fourteen, they the family of pioneer Jacob Miller's son Martin Miller, discussed were born after March 1762. Daughter Rebecca must have died later. before 1780 because she is not mentioned in any of the series of Land records show that Jacob Miller released to Henry quitClaims beginning that year. Baine two hundred acres in Strasburg Township on December On July 24, 1779, the Orphans' Court recorded that Daniel 29, 1731, at little cost and with adjacent owners Henry Carpenter, and Simon Miller, both over fourteen at that time, chose Jacob John Funk, John Miller's children, and Jacob Kastner (tract Bon Kendrick and John Miller of Strasburg Township as guardians, map).I06 The deed records that this property was part of the replacing Jacob Eshleman and Jacob Neff. This John Miller was thousand acres patented June 30, 1711, to Jacob Miller. The wit­ probably their older brother, but other possibilities also exist. ness was Jacob Kastner, husband of Jacob Miller's widowed This refines the birth date of Simon Miller, indicating that he daughter-in-law, Ann. Jacob Kastner also received part of Jacob was born before July 1765.96 On February 3, 1785, the court Miller's land the same day, as did Jacob Miller's son Martin. recorded a motion of Daniel Miller and Simon Miller for John Jacob Miller affirmed the transfers on October 24, 1732. It is hard Hare and wife Mary, late widow of John Miller, along with to imagine that the transfer to Henry Haines and his wife, John Brechtbill and Benjamin Graff, to appear to settle Christina, on the same day that Jacob Miller made transfers to accounts. This means that Simon Miller must have been of age other family members at little cost was to anyone other than a by February 1785, or, in other words, that he was born by daughter and her husband.107 February 1764.97 Dorothy Dunlap Weaver has done extensive further Land records provide further information on the spouses of research on the Haines family and has clarified· many of the these children. Quitclaims in 1780 and 1781 show that daughter existing primary records so as to provide a coherent structure for Mary was the wife of Henry Witmer and that the property set­ the family. Notably, she concluded after extensive study of the tlement was "friendly and equitable."98 Another quitclaim deed land records that there were four Haines brothers-Henry, Jacob, in December 1785, involving a different parcel of land, provides the first names of the wives of formerly minor sons Daniel and Simon (Elizabeth and Barbara, respectively).99 The will of Christian Herr of Lampeter Township, proved December 18, 1815, indicates that his daughter Elizabeth was the wife of 93The article by Ritter, "Descendants of Henry Kendig," 25, says Daniel Miller.1oo She is also mentioned as the wife of Daniel that Anna Miller married Henry Kendig in 1763. If so, this would indi­ Miller in the will of her sister Ann, wife of John Funk, proved cate a birth date for her about 1745. August 17, 1836.101 94Lancaster County Miscellaneous Book, 1772-76,330. Further land records reveal that Feronica, wife of John 95In January 1783 Daniel Miller entered into some land sales, indi­ cating he was of age by that time (see Deeds U-1-447 and U-1-449). Deed Miller's son John, and Barbara, wife of son Simon Miller, were X-1-116, dated January 13, 1783, specifically notes that Daniel Miller "has daughter and granddaughter of Michael and Elizabeth Graff of now reached full age." Martie Township. A deed in 1790 shows that granddaughter 96Lancaster County Miscellaneous Book, 1776-82, 200. On April 13, Barbara and her husband, Simon Miller, released their claim to 1780, there was another change of guardians but with no implications for two. pieces of property to Michael and Elizabeth's daughter calculating birth dates. At that time Daniel Miller chose Jacob Kendrick Feronica and her husband, John Miller, who had lived with and in place of John Miller, and Simon Miller chose Martin Kendrick in place taken care of Elizabeth when she was a widow.1o2 This deed of Jacob Kendrick and John Miller (ibid., 247). shows also that John Miller and wife Feronica were both living 97Lancaster County Miscellaneous Book, 1784-87, 62. that on April 6, 1790, as were Simon Miller and wife Barbara. Both 98Deeds A-2-326 and U-1-203. Witmer family research shows Henry Witmer (1751-Dec. 3, 1821), who married daughter Mary Miller, couples lived in Martie Township. Another interesting deed the was the son of John Witmer and Fronica Roland and that Mary (Miller) following year lists John and Simon Miller, yeomen of Martie Witmer died between August 1793 and June 1794. See Phillip E. Bedient, Township, among nine individuals who had acquired a small . "Descendants of Benjamin Witmer of Lampeter Township, Lancaster piece of property in trust for "the Religious Society of Protestants County, Pennsylvania: Part 2," Pennsylvania Mennonite Heritage 14 Guly in and near Conestoga Township called Methodists."103 This is 1991): 27. consistent with Simon Miller's will, where he calls himself a 99Deed U-1-754. "Preacher of the Gospel," which sounds more like the statement lllOWiil L-1-583. of a Methodist than a Mennonite.104 Simon Miller's will, noting tOtWill R-1-251. wife Barbara and executor-brother John Miller but no children, lll2Deed M-2-833. tOODeed N-2-394. was proved September 30, 1795, indicating death about that time t04Will 1-1-347. at a relatively young age. tOSBy Deed D-1-205 Jacob Miller and wife Katherine of Strasburg This closes the listing of known children and grandchildren Township released on December 16, 1740, to Martin Miller of Strasburg of Jacob Miller Jr. Sons Jacob Miller III and John Miller appear to Township for 150 pounds fifty acres in Strasburg Township adjacent to

Pennsylvania Mennonite Heritage 26 October 2007 Rudolph, and Joseph-who were the sons of Henry Haines 1744, neither with any children.m Their deaths before 1745 Senior, who was born about 1669 in Germany or Switzerland.JOB would account for their not being mentioned either by the Eldest son Henry, who married Christina Miller, was born in Orphans' Court or in the will of Christina Haines. Weaver also Germany or Switzerland about 1696 and married her in suggests the possibility that there may have been other children Lancaster County about 1718. This would indicate that she was who did not survive between the first two and the other three, born about 1700. who were much younger.114 According to Weaver, records of the Seventh Day Baptist Christina Haines died before October 14, 1757, because on Church show that Henry and Christina Haines were baptized in that date the Orphans' Court ordered distribution of the final the Pequea Creek at their home by Peter Becker with five others, balance of the estates of Henry and Christiana Haines to the including Conrad Beissel, on November 12, 1724.109 According to three children upon the petition of Frederick Seiger.115 No burial her, Henry Haines Sr. and Jr. were both living in 1725 on land place is recorded for either Christina (Miller) Haines or her hus­ that was part of Jacob Miller's purchase of 1711. Henry Jr. and band, but the Tschantz Graveyard on Jacob Miller's homestead Christina Haines became followers of Conrad Beissel, leader of seems like a reasonable possibility. the Brethren congregation at Ephrata. Apparently they with­ The Orphans' Court later also recorded grandchildren of drew from membership in Beissel's group sometime between Henry and Christina Haines. Apparently Frederick Seiger died 1728 and 1734. 110 After Henry Jr. and Christina Haines acquired intestate near the end of 1774 because on December 6 that year the land from Jacob Miller in 1731, they apparently continued to the court appointed some guardians for his children.116 It noted live on the land he patented, at least until they sold the parcel to that John Sager was above the age of fourteen at that time (there­ Henry Jr.'s brother Rudolph Haines early in 1738/39. fore, born before December 1760) and that he chose Abraham Henry Haines Jr. died before April 25, 1752, when the Haines as guardian, probably his mother's younger brother. The Orphans' Court named guardians for Mary Haines (over the age court also listed four younger children: Mary, Elizabeth, Henry, of fourteen) and her younger brothers, Abraham and William.m and Salome Sager. It appointed Christian Hare (designated "the Mary Haines chose Jacob Carpenter as guardian, and the court Elder") and Samuel Haines as guardians for them. Each of these appointed Jacob Carpenter and Christian Hare (designated as younger children would have been born after December 1760. A the son of John Hare) as guardians for the younger boys. Since further proceeding on December 7, 1785, concerning Frederick Mary Haines was over the age of fourteen, her birth date was at Seiger's estate shows that daughter Mary Seiger had married least before April1738. The ages of the brothers were not given, Henry Eyman by that time.117 A land record of December 17, but they must have been under age fourteen, meaning birth 1779, records that widow Mary (Haines) Seiger had by then mar­ dates after April1738. ried Henry Shute.11s When Christina Haines died, she left a will dated October The marriage of Henry and-Christina Haines's son William 31, 1751. 112 It was proved December 29, 1757, indicating death Haines to Solima (Salome) Carpenter is recorded at Saint James before that date, and it names the same three children: Abraham Episcopal Church, Lancaster, on June 12, 1764. She was the (eldest son), William, and Mary. Weaver suggests that Henry and daughter of Jacob Carpenter and is mentioned in his will, Lawrence Haines, mentioned as present apparently as young proved in December 1772.119 Unfortunately William Haines did adults along with Mary Haines at the wedding of Mary not live very long because his own will was proved in Lampeter Carpenter to Daniel Fierre on May 1, 1739, were also children of Township on March 12, 1781, indicating that he died around that Henry Haines and Christina Miller, who would have been born time.12o In it he mentions his wife, Salome Haines, and two chil­ in the early 1720s. According to Weaver, Lawrence died intestate dren, Elizabeth and Henry, whom he identifies as his only son. . in New Jersey in 1743, and Henry died at the Ephrata Cloister in Orphans' Court proceedings on November 1782 show that son

Martin Miller, Augustine Widder, and Jacob Miller. This land was part of 114Another Christina Haines/Hi:ihn is listed in the register of 3,380 acres originally surveyed to Amos Strettle of Dublin (the record Ephrata Cloister with death date of February 2, 1769. Clarence Edwin contains more detail of the descent from William Peim) and was part of Spohn and Cynthia Marquet, eds. "The Death Registers of the Ephrata 150 acres granted to Jacob Miller, April 29-30, 1731, by Thomas Hatton. Cloister," Journal of the Historical Socieh; of the Cocalico Valley 21 (1996): 17, Also, by Deed D-1-176 Jacob Miller and wife Catharine released to 26. In her footnote, see preceding note, Jane Evans Best suggests that this Martin Miller the rest of this property for two hundred pounds on Christina Haines may have been the wife of the younger Henry Haines. December 1, 1744. A greater likelihood exists that she was his sister; however, she was not 106Deed M-1-232. mentioned in her mother's will or related family documents. An 107Henry Haines and his wife, Christina, sold this land January 30, unsigned December 10, 1764, indenture between Samuel Eckerlin, 1738/39, to Rudolph Haines, another brother. This transaction is record­ Ephrata, and a group of persons at Ephrata, lists Christina Hi:inin among ed in Deed M-1-233. Rudolph Haines then sold this land to his brother the "single & unmarried Men and Women" of the Cloister. Original doc­ Joseph Haines in December 1740 (Deed M-1-226c). ument (EC92.01.07) and transcript is in possession of · the Ephrata 108Weaver, "The Hains Families," 78-85. Her article discusses many Cloister, Ephrata, Pa. Dorothy Dunlap Weaver suggests that this of these land transactions and those of others living in the area at the Christina Haines "could have belonged to the George Hean family of time, including John Funk, Christopher Franciscus, Wendel Bowman, Tulpehocken" or "perhaps was a wife, sister, or daughter of one of the and Henry Carpenter. several Haines families ... a total of six, as reported by H. Frank 109Weaver, "The Hains Families," 78-80. Eshleman [footnote omitted]" (see Weaver, "The Hains Families," 83). 110Lamech and Agrippa, Chronicon Ephratense: A History of the More research is needed to identify this individual definitively. Community of Seventh Day Baptists at Ephrata, Lancaster County, Penn'a, ed. 115Lancaster County Miscellaneous Book, 1742-60, vol. 1, pt. 3, J. Max Hark (1889; repr. New York: Burt Franklin, 1972), 25, 36, 46-47; S. 1754-59, 83. By this time Mary Haines had married Frederick Seiger R. Zug, History of the Church of the Brethren of the Eastern District of (also spelled in various legal proceedings as Seger, Seeger, Seager, Pennsylvania (Lancaster, Pa.: New Era, 1915), 29-31, 54. Sager, etc.). 111LancasterCounty Miscellaneous Book, 1742-60, vol. 1, pt. 2, 1750-54,35. 116Lancaster County Miscellaneous Book, 1772-76, 240. Deed K-2- 112Will I-1-199. 387 shows that he was still living on November 23, 1772. In August 1771 113Jn "Martin Kendig's Swiss Relatives," 12, Jane Evans Best indi­ Deed K-2-527 refers to him as an innholder of Lampeter Township. cates that Christina Miller married Henry Haines/Hi:ihn, who died intes­ 11 7Lancaster County Miscellaneous Book, 1784-87, 236. tate in 1744, but the article by Dorothy Dunlap Weaver shows that the UBDeed X-2-643. Henry Haines who died in 1744 was their son. Best makes this correction 119Will C-1-135. in her article "Turmoil in Conestoga," 7, although n. 31 still seems to con­ 120Will D-1-96, written October 1, 1780, indicates that he was still fuse the father and son. living on that date.

Pennsylvania Mennonite Heritage 27 October 2007 Henry was over the age of fourteen at that time (birth by wife's will, dated April 3, 1775, and proved April 27, 1782, also November 1768) and daughter Elizabeth was under fourteen names daughters Magdalena, widow of Jacob Carpenter, and (birth after November 1768). 121 This Henry Haines engaged in a Catherine, wife of Jacob Haines.1 32 These wills and deeds clearly variety of later land transactions, and they show that he was liv­ establish Jacob Miller's grandchildren by son Martin. Because of ing in 1790, apparently then unrnarried.l22 the similarity of names across the generations; referring to the After her husband's death Salome (Carpenter) Haines family outline is useful for clarity. engaged in a variety of land transactions, first as Salome Haines The marriages of all five of the children of Martin and until July 19, 1783, and then as Salome Fowler, widow of William Margareth Miller are recorded in the register of Saint James Haines and wife of John Fowler, from January 26, 1784, indicat­ Episcopal Church, Lancaster, between July 21, 1761, and January ing remarriage between those two dates.123 A later transaction 15, 1771, indicating birth dates in the 1740s, if not a bit before for shows that both she and her second husband were still living in the eldest. Eldest son Samuel Miller married Rachel Haines on April1789.124 April 16, 1764; second son John Miller married Elizabeth Not much more is known about brother Abraham Haines, Carpenter on November 7, 1769; and third son Joseph Miller except that he married Susanna Carpenter, another daughter of married Margaret Daily on January 15, 1771. Daughter Jacob Carpenter, by the time of the writing of Jacob Carpenter's Magdalena Miller married Jacob Carpenter on July 21, 1761, and will in December 1772. He entered into a variety of land transac­ Catherine Miller married Jacob Haines on February 11, 1768. tions in Lampeter Township in the 1760s and 1770s, beginning More information is available about all of the children of with a sale to his brother-in-law Frederick Seiger in September Martin Miller. Eldest son Samuel Miller's wife, Rachel Haines, 1762.125 This suggests that he was of age by that time, but the was the daughter of Joseph Haines, another of the four Haines deed does not mention that he yet had a wife. A land record of brothers, and a Quaker. Their marriage marks the third connec­ May 11, 1769, shows that he was married by that date, and tion between the Miller and Haines families, following the mar­ another indicates that he was still living in August 1783, when he riages of Christina Miller to Henry Haines Jr. about 1720 and is listed in an unrelated deed as an adjacent landowner.126 Hannah Miller to his brother Jacob Haines about 1737. The min­ Apparently neither Abraham Haines nor his wife left a will or utes of Sadsbury Monthly Meeting record the names of the four intestate record. Possibly they had moved elsewhere by the time daughters of Joseph Haines, including Rachel. Minutes of of their deaths. Sadsbury Meeting in 1764 record that "Rachell Haynes is gone out in marriage, marrying by a priest to a man not of our M4 Martin Miller Family Society." 133 Joseph Haines engaged in a variety of land transactions Tracing the family of Martin Miller may be the easiest of any with his brothers in Lampeter Township, Lancaster County, but of the children of immigrant Jacob Miller Sr. Not only do land late in life he lived across the line in Chester County. Rachel records show clearly that Martin Miller was the son of Jacob (Haines) Miller is mentioned in her father's will, proved in Miller, but both Martin Miller and his wife, Margareth, left wills Kennett Township, Chester County, on July 20, 1779, as the wife naming their five children. Her will also names her brother Jacob of Samuel Miller. By will she was to receive a parcel of land in Neff as an executor and thus clearly establishes her maiden Lampeter Township, Lancaster County, that Joseph Haines had name. purchased from Jacob Carpenter in 1760. Samuel Miller was one First, the connection to Jacob Miller: Land records show of the executors of the will.B4 that on December 29, 1731, M Jacob Miller of Lancaster County Samuel Miller died by early 1784 because an Orphans' for twenty pounds released to one of his sons, Martin, one hun­ Court record on March 3, 1784, reports the petition of adminis­ dred acres in Strasburg Township adjacent to Jacob Miller, trators Rachel Miller and Michael Wither for the estate of Samuel Jacob Miller Jr., and Amos Strettle that was part of one thou­ Miller, deceased, late of Strasburg Township, yeoman.135 It notes sand acres patented June 30, 1711, toM Jacob Miller (tract E on · that he left a widow and five minor children (not named by the map).127This transfer-acknowledged by Jacob Miller on court), and the petitioners requested a land sale of part of 110 October 24, 1732--clearly establishes that pioneer M Jacob acres for payment of debts and education of the children. The Miller had a son Martin and that he was of age by December court said five years later on March 25, 1789, that two of the chil­ 1731. Another land record shows that the Martin Miller who dren were still minors and that one had died.136 received this land from M Jacob Miller in 1731 and the Martin Earlier researchers have identified the names and spouses Miller who purchased land from M2 Jacob Miller and wife of four of the five children of Samuel and Rachel Miller but omit­ Catherine in 1740 were the same person.12s Thus, these land ted the one who the Orphans' Court said had died as a minor by records, taken together, show that the Martin Miller who died in 1773 was the son of Jacob Miller, the pioneer, and not his grandson through Jacob Jr. as might otherwise seem a possibil­ I2ILancaster County Miscellaneous Book, 1782-84, 78. ity. Rather, he was the latter's brother. 122see Deed H-2-559. Apparently pioneer Jacob Miller's sun Martin was born msee Deeds D-2-188, C-2-522, and W-1-355. around 1704 because he enters the Chester County tax records in J24Deed I-2-248, dated April30, 1789. 1725. As mentioned earlier, he was naturalized in 1730/29 along 125Deed L-1-338. with his father and brother Jacob Jr. In his will Martin Miller J26Deeds 0-1-64 and X-1-330. 127Deed D-1-183, dated December 29, 1731. names his wife, Margareth, as executrix along with "my trusty I2BDeed T-1-278, dated December 28, 1776, and especially Deed U- friends and brothers in law Jacob Neff and Jacob Kendrich." 1-98, dated February 4,1782. The latter specifically references Deed D-1- Jacob Neff was the brother of Martin Miller's wife, and Jacob 183 (1731). Kendig was the husband of her sister Catharine (Neff) Kendig.129 129See Deeds E-5-260 and N-3-84. Margareth, Catharine, and Jacob Martin Miller demonstrated thoughtfulness for later Neff were daughters and son of Francis Neff and Barbara Eby. researchers by leaving a will that lists his children.J30 In his will, I30Will B-1-721. dated January 7, 1773, and proved March 15 the same year, he msee Deeds Q-1-365 and R-1-515. named his wife, Margareth, and their five children: sons Samuel, 132Will D-1-15. John, and Joseph, who are also listed in deeds, plus daughters 133f. Edward Wright, ed., Lancaster County, Pennsylvania, Church Magdalena, wife of Jacob Carpenter, and Catherine, wife of Records of the Eighteenth Century, vol. 3 (Westminster, Md.: Willow Bend, 1994), 39. Jacob Haines. The three sons are also named in land records that 134See Will X-1-330. say specifically they were sons of Martin Miller, the son of Jacob 135Lancaster County Miscellaneous Book, 1784-87,276. Miller, who received the original patent.131 Some years later his 136Lancaster County Miscellaneous Book, 1788-91, 119.

Pennsylvania Mennonite Heritage 28 October 2007 1789. It is easy enough to confirm them in primary sources. wife of John Miller, was the daughter ofJacob Carpenter.148Jacob Haines family researcher Dorothy Dunlap Weaver lists children Carpenter died sometime between dating his will on December Henry; Martin, Samuel, and Susanna.137 The well-known Herr 2, 1772, and its proof ten days later on December 12.149 In these genealogy indicates spouses for Henry and Martin. quitclaims in 1775 his heirs agreed to the settlement of Jacob Importantly, second son Martin Miller wrote his will in Carpenter's estate. This series of documents again shows the 1815, confirming the names of his brothers, Henry and Samuel, close relationship of the Miller and Haines families, along with and sister, Susanna.l38 The minors in 1789 were third son Samuel, the relationship of Jacob Carpenter to both families. born July 25, 1772, according to his tombstone at the Lampeter As indicated, a deed specifies that Elizabeth Carpenter was Reformed Mennonite Cemetery (therefore, age sixteen in early the wife of John Miller.1so Two others record that two more of 1789), and Susanna. This suggests that Henry and Martin were Jacob Carpenter's daughters, Susanna and Salome, were the of age in March 1789, or in other words, born before March 1768. wives of Abraham and William Haines, respectively, as discussed The court recorded in April1789 thatfather Samuel Miller's land earlier.ISJ Thus, three of Jacob Carpenter's daughters married was sold to Henry Miller, probably eldest son Henry, although grandsons of Jacob Miller, the pioneer: Elizabeth married John not specifically so indicated by the court,139 Miller, son of Martin Miller; Susanna married Abraham Haines; The Herr genealogy says that Henry Miller, son of Samuel and Salome married William Haines, both of the Haineses being and Rachel (Haines) Miller, married Sarah Herr, daughter of sons of Jacob Miller's daughter, Christina (Miller) Haines.1s2 Emanuel Herr and Mary Smith.140 The Herr genealogy indicates To intertwine the three families even more, Jacob birth, marriage, and death dates for Henry and Sarah Miller. Carpenter's second wife was Magdalena Miller, eldest daughter They are buried at the Strasburg Mennonite Cemetery with of Martin Miller, and therefore a sister of Jacob Carpenter's son­ tombstones also recording their birth and death dates.141 in-law John Miller. This made Jolm Miller's sister Magdalena his The Herr genealogy also says that Martin Miller, son of stepmother-in-law! Samuel and Rachel (Haines) Mille!~ married Martha Barr, daugh­ A land transaction dated September 7, 1761, and involving a ter of Martin Barr and Elizabeth Herr.142 This is changed by the mortgage agreement for 219 acres in Strasburg Township permits Groff Book, which says that her name was Magdalena Barr. calculation of the approximate birth date of this John Miller, son These two names are frequently interchangeable in the eigh­ of Martin Miller. It lists John Mille1~ Jacob Carpenter, and Jacob teenth century. This Martin Miller's will in 1815 indicates that his Neave as mortgagees and Henry Bowman and his wife, Eve, as wife was Magdalena, presumably Barr. He is buried at the mortgagors.t53 This would appear to be the same John Miller Reformed Mennonite Cemetery near Lampeter Square, where together with his father-in-law and uncle (his mother's brother his birth and death dates, November 19, 1766-June 10, 1815, are Jacob Neff). It would indicate that John Miller became a house­ recorded. He wrote his will May 5, 1815, showing he lived in holder or was at least financially independent by this time and Martie Township, and it was proved July 5 that year. In addition therefore likely of age. If so, this would indicate a birth date about to his wife, Magdalena, he also mentions his brothers, Henry 1740, making him close to the same age as his brother Samuel, and Samuel, and his sister, Susanna, then the wife of Christian who married Rachel Haines. Later land records show that both Rohrer.J43 His estate was to pass to his wife and siblings; there is John and Elizabeth Miller were still living on May 4, 1782.154 no mention of any children. Executors were his wife, Magdalena Jacob Carpente1~ who married Martin Miller's daughter Mille1~ brother Henry Miller, and Martin Barr, presumably a Magdalena, had married Elizabeth Herr in 1746. She was the brother-in-law. As indicated above, Samuel Mille1~ third son of Samuel and Rachel (Haines) Miller, was born in 1772 and is also buried at the Reformed Mennonite Cemetery near Lampeter Square with a B?Weaver, "The Hains Families," 85. stone and dates. He is buried with his wife, Anna, born I38Wil! L-1-393. Witmer.144 Her stone, beside her husband's, also has dates. 139Lancaster County Miscellaneous Book, 1787-91, 126. 141Yfheodore W. Herr, Genealogical Record of Reverend Hans Herr and Finally, Samuel and Rachel Miller's daughte1~ Susanna His Direct Lineal Descendants, 3rd ed. with corrections and supplemental Miller, whom her brother Martin noted in his will as the wife of data by Dr. Phillip E. Bedient (Lancaster, Pa.: Lancaster Mennonite Christian Rohrer, apparently had first married Jacob Hoover. Historical Society, 1994), 9. . Jacob Hoober/Hoover wrote his will on July 15, 1803, and stat­ 141The dates differ between the sources by a few days in each case. ed that he was the son of Ulrich and Mary Hoober and that his The dates from the stones are used in the table at the end of this article. wife was Susanna. He appointed his brother-in-law Martin 142Herr, Genealogical Record, 7. Miller as an executor and said that he had only one child, anoth­ I43Will L-1-393. er Jacob Hoober, a minor.145 The will was proved October 24, 144Phillip E. Bedient, "Descendants of Benjamin Witmer of Lampeter 1803, indicating that he died between the two dates.J46Sometime Township, Lancaster County, Pennsylvania: Part 2," Pennsylvania Mennonite Heritage 14 Guly 1991): 28. after 1803 Susanna (Miller) Hoover married Christian Rohrer. 14SWill H-1-389. She died after her brother Martin wrote his will in May 1815. I46Research by Professor Bedient notes that their son Jacob Hoover Mother Rachel (Haines) Miller is also buried at the was born January 1, 1795 (see Phillip E. Bedient, "Descendants of Reformed Mennonite Cemetery, Lampeter Square, Lancaster Benjamin Witmer," pt. 2, 28-29). On April 1 the same year Jacob Hoover County. She has a stone that says Rachel Miller with a death date and wife Susanna sold ten acres in Strasburg Village to Rev. Sample of July 24, 1833, age ninety years. The stone stands in the first (Deed X-2-171). Research by Joanne M. Hoover shows that Jacob Hoover row, visible from the highway even in a drive by. A recent visit was the son of Ulrich Hoover and Anna Maria Funk (see Joanne M. to this location found the stone still quite legible. Apparently Hoovet~ "Hoover Three Generations: An Update," Mennonite Family History 24 [October husband Samuel Miller does not have a stone, 2005]: 149). or as seems more 147Deed Q-1-365, confirmed in R-1-515. probable, he is buried someplace else, such as the Tschantz 14BDeeds S-1-399 ·through S-1-401. Cemetery, about a mile to the southeast. The oldest date record­ 149The Herr genealogy says December 3. ed at the Reformed Mennonite Cemetery is 1803, almost twenty ISDDeed S-1-400. Their marriage is recorded at Saint James years after he died. Evidently this cemetery's use dates from Episcopal Chmch, Lancastet~ Pa., on November 7, 1769. around the later time. JSIDeeds S-1-399 and S-1-401. Land records provide information about the families of the I520n April 25, 1752, the Orphans' Court had appointed Jacob other children of Martin Mille1~ grandchildren of pioneer Jacob Carpenter as guardian of Abraham Haines following the death of his Miller. The lengthy history of one parcel of land shows that the father, Jacob Haines (Lancaster Cotmty Miscellaneous Book, 1742-60, 147 vol. 1, pt. 2, 35). wife of Martin Miller's second son, Jolm Mille!~ was Elizabeth. IS3Recorded at G-1-76. Then a series of quitclaims shows, in turn, that Elizabeth, the IS4Deeds U-1-233 and E-2-110.

Pennsylvania Mennonite Heritage 29 October 2007 mother of Jacob Carpenter's daughters, who married John vide specifically for the care of a remaining aged or sickly sib­ Miller and the Haines brothers, but she died in 1760. The subse­ ling.I59 quent marriage of Jacob Carpenter to Magdalena Miller is Nonetheless, land, tax, and estate records were examined recorded at Saint James Episcopal Church, Lancaster, on July 21, for Millers named Abraham to see if any records might point to 1761, the church that recorded so many other Miller and Haines this particular individual. First, an Abraham Miller was on the marriages. This date would suggest a birth date for her probably naturalization list of 1729/30; this Abraham Miller could have by the early 1740s. Jacob and Magdalena (Miller) Carpenter had been the son of Jacob Miller. In any case, this Abraham Miller five children, who were listed in his will, proved in December was not on the tax list of 1726, indicating, if he were the son of 1772: Esther, Catharine, Henry, Martin, and Jacob.155 All would Jacob Miller, that his birth would have been after 1705. have been born between 1762 and 1773. A later sale of part of Second, Hawbaker and Groff's constructed "census" of Jacob Carpenter's estate shows that his widow, Magdalena Lancaster County for 1750 and 1770, based upon tax lists, reveals (Miller) Carpenter, was still living in December 1784.156 three Abraham Millers each year-one each time in Conestoga The marriage of the third brother, Joseph Miller, is also and Manor Townships, and a third in Brecknock Township in recorded at Saint James Episcopal Church, Lancaster, to 1750 and in Lebanon Township (then part of Lancaster County) Margaret Dailey on January 15, 1771. In April 1779 he and in 1770.160 It seems easy enough to eliminate these individuals as Margaret sold land and rights to a sandstone quarry that the the Abraham Miller of Martin Miller's will. deed specifically says was part of the land willed by Martin Land records show that there were two Abraham Millers Miller to his sons and that had come from his father, Jacob owning land in Manor and another with land in Conestoga Miller.I57 The deed records him as a yeoman of Strasburg Township during these years. The one with land in Conestoga Township. Township appears to be the same individual as one of the own­ Finally, Martin Miller's other daughter, Catherine, married ers in Manor Township. This Abraham Miller held land on oppo­ Jacob Haines on February 11, 1768, also recorded at Saint James site banks of Conestoga Creek jointly with his brother John Episcopal Church, Lancaster. This is the fourth instance of a Miller. They were, indeed, the sons of a Jacob Miller (ca. 1698-aft. union between the Miller and Haines families. According to 1755) but not Jacob Miller, the Pequea pioneer. This Jacob Miller Dorothy Dunlap Weaver's research and also alluded to earlier patented land in Conestoga Township in 1748 and together with here, this Jacob Haines was the son of Jacob Haines and Hannah his wife, Frenia/Fronica, then released parts of it to their sons, Miller, pioneer Jacob Miller's granddaughter. Therefore, since Abraham in (1754) and John in (1755), well after the death of Jacob Miller's great-grandson Jacob Haines married Jacob Jacob Miller, the pioneer.I6I This Jacob Miller also could not be the Miller's granddaughter Catherine Miller, this was a marriage of son of the pioneer because that Jacob Miller's wife during these first cousins once removed. Among the marriages between early years was Catherine, not Frenia or Fronica (see discussion above). Miller and Haines family members, this is the only marriage of It appears probable that all of these individuals were of the cousins through four generations. As indicated earlier in the sec­ family of Rudliffe/Rudolph Miller, pioneer Jacob Miller's second tion of this article about the family of Hannah (Miller) Haines, cousin, according to the interpretation by Jane Evans Best. land records show that Jacob and Catherine Haines were still liv­ Proving that is research for another time. While none of this rules ing in May 1795.158 out the Abraham Miller of Brecknock Township, that township is far removed from the family and land of the pioneer. There were MS Abraham Miller other Miller families of no apparent relation in that area in the eighteenth century. The other Abraham Miller in Manor Township at this time also appears to be of the family of Rudliffe/Rudolph The most mysterious of Jacob Miller's children is Abraham, Miller. Land records show that Abraham Miller of Manor who is not known otherwise than from Martin Miller's will, Township received one hundred acres in Manor Township in 1771 where he specifically provides for his half brother, Abraham as settlement of the estate of his father, Henry Miller of Earl Miller. Use of the full name Abraham Miller shows that he was Township. Henry Miller was the son of Rudliffe Miller. not a half brother through their (unknown) mother's side but Orphans' Court records indicate three more Abraham rather that Abraham was a half brother through Martin Miller's Millers. An Abraham Miller of Lebanon Township (then in father, Jacob Miller. Little more is known about Abraham Miller. He is not men­ tioned in any of the deeds transferring Jacob Miller's property or as a landowner on adjacent property (like Valentine Miller). The mwenger, 1710 Pequea Settlement, 70, also notes a sixth, not men­ wording of Martin Miller's will seems to suggest that Abraham tioned in Jacob Carpenter's will and not recorded here because of Miller did not have family or descendants although there is no absence of source information: John (1770-1835), who married proof of this. Specifically, after leaving lands to his wife, Martin Magdalena Kendig. Miller states in his will: I56Deed B-2-283. JS7Deed Q-1-365. JSBAs outlined earlier, an Orphans' Court record for September 6, Item I Do hereby order & it is my Will that my Half 1782, says that Jacob Neff and Jacob Kendrick, surviving executors, Brother Abraham Miller Shall have priviledge to Live with my appeared with Magdalena Carpenter and Jacob Haines and wife Said Wife in the House and be found by her in Sufficient Meat Catharine, residuary legatees under the last will and testament of the Drink Apparel! Washing and Lodging During her Natural Live deceased Martin Miller and his late wife, Margareth Miller, for an & if he Shall Survive her, he Shall have the Sum of Twenty accounting, which the court confirmed (Lancaster County Miscellaneous pounds paid unto him by my Executor out of my Said person­ Book, 1782-84, 67). Deed W-2-275 shows that they were still living on al Estate after my Said Wife Decease and Shall be then Jointly May 15, 1795. Maintained by my three sons Samuel, John, and Joseph out of !59Abraham Miller is also mentioned briefly in the will of Martin my Estate and be used well During his Natural Life. Miller's wife, Margareth (Neff) Miller, written in 1775, but only as a lega­ tee of her late husband, Martin Miller. There is no indication in her will This wording does not appear to be a bequest to an indi­ whether Abraham Miller was still living or not at that time or anything vidual with either family or landholdings. Rather, it seems to be else about him. provision for care of a relative who had no family of his own or 160Gary T. Hawbaker and Clyde L. Groff, A New Index: Lancaster County, Pennsylvania before the Federal Census, vol. 3, Index to the 1750 Tax who may have been aged, sickly, handicapped in some way, or Records (Hershey, Pa.: Gary T. Hawbaker, 1982), and vol. 5, Index to the the victim of sickness or accident. Since Martin Miller was the 1770 Tax Records (Hershey, Pa.: Gary T. Hawbaker, 1982). last living of the known children of Jacob Miller other than 161Patent A-13-388, PSA, and Deeds H-1-24 and D-1-476. See also Abraham, it is not surprising that he might have wanted to pro- Deed G-1-238.

Pennsylvania Mennonite Heritage 30 October 2007 Lancaster County) was the son of Andrew Miller. This Abraham by early 1760, it seems probable that she was born at least by Miller is also mentioned extensively in land records, which also 1740. On December 6, 1768, the court said that John was the designate him as the son of Andrew Miller. An Abraham Miller eldest son. It did not appoint a guardian; therefore, presumably of Manheim Township was the son of John Miller. Another he was of age, indicating a birth date before December 1747.167 Abraham Miller of Conestoga was the son of another Jacob Since he was not of age at the writing of his father's will, he was Miller (d. be£. Dec. 4, 1782), but this Abraham Miller was born born after March 1739. He was to receive a patent for 112 acres after 1768.162 There is also the Abraham Miller family document­ provided he paid inheritance shares to the others.168 The court ed in the wonderful family-tree fraktur pictured in Mennonite also said then that son Valentine Miller was above age fourteen, Arts.163 The illustration of that work indicates that that Abraham indicating a birth date before December 1754. On June 2, 1773, Miller (d. 1834) was born in 1756, well after the death of Jacob the court said that Jacob Miller was above age fourteen at tha:t Miller, the pioneer. While further evidence may come to light, time, indicating a birth date by June 1759, and Mathias Miller there does not appear to be any connection of any of the other was under fourteen, which means he was born after June 1759.169 known Abraham Millers in Lancaster County in the eighteenth As with the other sons of Jacob Miller, land records provide century to the Abraham Miller mentioned as a half brother in significant additional information about Valentine Miller's family. Martin Miller's will, proved in 1773. A deed dated September 1, 1786, records that Elizabeth and John Miller were sister and brother "of the whole blood."170 The deed (M6?) Valentine Miller Family says specifically that Jacob and Mathias Miller were sons of Valentine Miller and "brothers of the half blood to John Miller and As indicated previously, there does not appear to be docu­ Elizabeth Stoner, dec'd." This suggests that John and Elizabeth mentary evidence proving that Valentine Miller was the son of were children of his first wife, Ann Kendig, and that Jacob, Jacob Miller although in 1738 he lived immediately adjacent to Valentine, and Mathias Miller were sons of his second wife, Mary. Martin Miller and Samuel Miller, two of Jacob Miller's proven Because John Miller's third younger half brother, Valentine Miller sons. Jacob Miller was still living at this time, possibly on the Jr., is not mentioned as an heir in this deed in 1786, it appears he parcel he transferred to his youngest proven son, Samuel, in also was deceased by this time (discussed further below). 1736. If, indeed, Valentine Miller were the son of Jacob Miller, the Son John Miller left a will dated February 2, 1777, indicating most probable explanation for the absence of his name from that he was sick at the time. 171 It was proved January 12, 1782. In other land transactions involving Jacob Miller is that Valentine the will he mentions his wife, Anna, and children John, Barbara, Miller and Martin Miller purchased land from Amos Strettle and another yet unborn as of early 1777. He also mentions his immediately adjacent to their father Jacob Miller's property. brother-in-law John Steeman, suggesting that his wife was Anna Martin then received additional land from his father, Jacob Steeman. His other brother-in-law, Christian Stoner, husband of Miller; but Valentine may have received his inheritance in some his sister Elizabeth, was appointed executor along with Joseph other form, possibly financial assistance from Jacob Miller for Musser, both of whom John Miller described as "my trusty and the land purchase from Amos Strettle: Valentine Miller is proba­ well beloved friends." bly the individual taxed in Manor Township as Filtin Miller in Apparently this John Mille1~ his wife, and children all died 1751, as Valentine Miller in 1754, as well as the Valentine Miller young because the same deed that defines the family relation­ who patented land in Manor Township just above the conflu­ ships also indicates that many of them were deceased by ence of Conestoga Creek and the Susquehanna River in 1756.164 September 1786. Brother and sister John and Elizabeth Miller Valentine Miller wrote his will March 26, 1760, and it was were both deceased by September 1786, as was Elizabeth's hus­ proved September 7, 1767. In it he mentions his wife, Mary, and band, Christian Stoner, and John Miller 's wife, Ann, as well as children-John, Valentine, Jacob, Mathias, and Elizabeth, wife of John and Ann Miller's minor children-John, Barbara, and the Christian Stoner,165 The will says that Elizabeth and Christian unnamed posthumous daughter. The rapid demise of this whole Stoner had children at that time, but does not name them. It also branch of the family tree (plus Valentine Miller Jr.) certainly mentions a second son-in-law, Jacob Buch, but does not indicate makes clear the difficulties of living in the eighteenth century.172 anything about his wife or even whether she was living. For this reason, it seems more likely that he was a minor stepson rather than a son-in-law as the term is used today. The will indicates 2 that John and Valentine were the elder sons, and Jacob and J6 Deed Y-1-378. Mathias, the J63Clarke Hess, Mennonite Arts (Atglen, Pa.: Schiffe1~ 2002), 107. younger sons. None of the sons was of age at the 164Patent A-20-119, PSA. time of writing the will in 1760. Valentine Miller named 165WiJl J-1-148. Frederick Menard, Jacob Whisler, and John France as executors. 166Lancaster County Miscellaneous Book, 1760-63, 168. This court Land records discussed further below show that Valentine record says that they left "children," who are not named . but who Miller Sr. married twice because they indicate that John and received a legacy from George Kendig's estate. Elizabeth Miller were brother and sister "of the whole blood" 167Lancaster County Miscellaneous Book, 1768-72, 77. while the others were their half siblings. Proceedings of the J68Apparently Jolm Miller did not fully comply with these terms Orphans' Court for November 29, 1762, concerning distribution and felt guilty about it because he included a clause in his own will for of the estate of George Kendig note that his daughter Anna, his executors to rectify the situation. See Will D-1-146. deceased, J69Lancaster County Miscellaneous Book, 1772-76, 116. was the wife of Valentine Miller, also deceased.166 This J7DOeed F-2-92. means that Valentine's first wife was Anna Kendig and that mwm D-1-146. Mary was his second wife, possibly the widow of someone 1720eed F-2-92 also notes that by will dated February 2, 1777, John named Buch. Miller had passed this land to his own son Jolm at age twenty-one, who The Lancaster County Orphans' Court reviewed adminis­ was to pay proper shares to his sister, Barbara, and another child not yet tration of aspects of Valentine Miller's estate on September 6, born. Because the elder John Miller, his wife and children, his full sister, 1768, December 6, 1768, Jw1e 2, 1773, and June 8, 1773. The court Elizabeth, and her husband, Christian Stonet~ all were deceased by the indicated that Valentine Miller had lived in Manor Township time of the 1786 deed, the land descended by the deed to Jolm Stoner, and listed the three executors-Frederick Menard, Jacob heir of his mothet~ Elizabeth (Miller) Stonet~ and his uncles Jacob and Mathias Miller in one-third shares. The indenture concludes Whisler, and John France. It also noted that his widow, Mary, by that Jolm Stoner and his wife, Magdalena, sold their share to Jacob and Mathias December 1768 was the wife of Jacob Maynart. Miller. The deed goes on to say that John Stoner and Mathias Miller were Various records permit calculation of the approximate birth at that time of Windsor Township, York County. It also says that the elder dates of Valentine Miller's children. Since Valentine Miller Sr.'s Valentine Mille!~ John Millet~ and Jacob Miller all were "late of the will shows that daughter Elizabeth was married with children Township of Manor, Lancaster County."

Pennsylvania Mennonite Heritage 31 October 2007 · As he noted in his will, Valentine Miller's daughter, 8, 1828. The will is helpful with family relationships though a bit Elizabeth Miller, had married Christian Stoner by 1760. By then incomplete. In the will Catherine Miller names four children, Christian Stoner was a common name in Lancaster County, and five spouses of her children, and five grandchildren.J79 The this fact has caused some subsequent confusion. This Christian named children include Adam Miller, whom she names as Stoner had only one proven son, John Stoner, shown in the same guardian for the children of her daughter Maria Stauffer, land record.1 73 On account of the previous decease of his moth­ deceased. She does not name Maria (Miller) Stauffer's husband, er, Elizabeth Stoner (daughter of Valentine Miller), by the inden­ but he must also have been deceased or a guardian would not ture of September 1, 1786, John Stoner received a one-third share have been needed.180 Next she names daughter Catherine and of the land of her brother (and his uncle) John Miller. His moth­ her husband, Harry Marry, indicating both also were deceased. er's two half brothers, his uncles Jacob and Mathias Miller, Then she names son-in-law Christian Binckley as guardian of the received the other two-thirds.174 two Marry grandchildren without naming his wife.181 Finally The indenture calls John Stoner "the eldest son and heir at she names son John Miller and two more sons-in-law, Jacob Fehl common law of Christian Stoner and Elizabeth his wife (who are and Adam Doerstler, also without naming their spouses.182 The both now deceased)." It does not mention a will or any other children and spouses mentioned in her will are included in the heirs of the Stoners although Valentine Miller's will notes "chil­ family listing at the end of this article, supplemented a bit by dren." If Christian Stoner left no will but son John Stoner had liv­ information from the genealogical card file but not researched ing siblings, normally they would have been included as other further. heirs. There would be legal discussion of some method of divid­ Mathias Miller, the youngest son of Valentine Miller Sr., was ing the property, either by will or by approval of the Orphans' born after June 1759 and married Elizabeth Whistler, daughter of Court. In any case, because John Stoner is probably one of the Jacob Whistler. She is mentioned as the wife of Mathias Miller in grandchildren mentioned in Valentine Miller's will and clearly the will of her father, Jacob Whistler of Manor Township, dated was of age by 1786, he probably was born before March 1760.175 February 20, 1787, and proved August 12,1789.183 Jacob Whistler As mentioned, Valentine Miller's son Valentine Miller Jr. owned land adjacent to Valentine Miller, was one of the execu­ was over the age of fourteen in December 1768, when the tors of his estate, and served as the guardian of his son Jacob, Orphans' Court recorded that he chose John Kendrick as older brother of Mathias Miller. The deed record that provides guardian. This would indicate birth by 1754. On September 3, much detail about this family notes that he lived in Windsor 1771, the court recorded that John Kendig, guardian of Valentine Township, York County, in September 1786.184 Some limited Miller, was deceased, but that Valentine Miller was also now research on the Millers of York County has so far failed to reveal deceased, and that the balance of the guardianship should be more about him. A Mathias Miller of Manchester Township, paid to John Miller, administrator of the estate of Valentine York County, was a veteran of the Revolutionary War and was Miller Sr.176 This notation refers to John Miller, eldest son of taxed in Manchester Township in 1779 for owning three horses Valentine Miller Sr. and Valentine Miller Jr.'s half brother. This and five cattle, but this individual appears older than one born record indicates that at the time of his death Valentine Miller Jr. after June 1759.185 A Mathias Miller, innkeeper, sold land in 1811, had not married and had no descendants. but his wife's name was Christiana. Three days before probate of Valentine Miller Sr.'s will, his executors patented the 109Yz acres at the mouth of Conestoga M7 Samuel Miller Family Creek and adjacent to Valentine Miller's land in the name of Jacob Miller, presumably for Valentine Miller's third son, Jacob Jacob Miller's son Samuel is the only one of his children (M64), as part of the estate settlement.177 Diane (Miller) Fisher born for certain after their father's arrival in Pennsylvania. His has researched the family of this Jacob Miller, Valentine Miller's tombstone at the Tschantz Cemetery in West Lampeter second son with his second wife, Mary.178 Her research indicates Township records his death on November 4, 1739, along with his that this Jacob Miller was born September 22, 1757; married age. The latter makes possible calculation of his birth date, Catherine Brenner; and like his father lived at Safe Harbor, January 22, 1710/11. This means that his parents were expecting Lancaster County, until he died on December 20, 1810, and was during the course of their ocean voyage the previous summer. buried at Safe Harbor. They had eight children, and the card file Samuel Miller married Magdalena Neff on October 17, at the Lancaster Mennonite Historical Society lists spouses for all 1733, and he left a will naming his wife, Magdalena, as executrix five daughters. when he died in 1739.186 He received land from his father on Catherine (Brenner) Miller of Manor Township wrote her December 18, 1736, tract D on the map.187 Land records also will March 30, 1828, and it was proved nine days later, on April show clearly that after Samuel Miller's death his widow married

J73Deed F-2-92. er of John Stoner) and Christian Stoner her husband are both dead 174Jbid. . . . ."). Thus, this Christian Stoner cannot be the one who died in 1794 175Jn the midyears of the eighteenth century at least five Christian in Mr. Wenger's table and is known from Orphans' Court records as Stoners lived in Lancaster Cow1ty. Samuel S. Wenger tried to sort them having eleven children (see listing on August 20, 1820, and further dis­ in his article " An Essay on the Stoner/Steiner Families of Pennsylvania," cussion Jtme 18, 1826). There was a son John in this group of eleven Penn sylvania Mennonite Heritage 11 Ganuary 1988): 16, and he noted the children, but he was a minor in September 1786. difficulty with all the Stoners of the same names: "A final difficulty in · It is not necessary for the purpose here of identifying the descen­ research on the Stoner family is the frequent recurrence of the same dants of Jacob Millet~ the pioneer, as far as possible for the present names .... A genealogist can never be certain of the family to which, for author to reach to his own theories of placement of any of the Stoners example, an Abraham Stoner who died in 1803 belonged. Consequently, within their family. It does seem, howevet~ that Mr. Wenger is correct in my own observations involve a great deal of personal judgment and placement of the Christian Stoner who married Elizabeth Miller with guessing. I fondly hope that this article will stimulate the kind of his proper parents and siblings (see will of his father, Christian Stonet~ painstaking research that will result in the publication of a good Stoner Will B-1-271, dated September 30, 1758, and proved July 4, 1759, and genealogy or perhaps a series of genealogies." Deeds, K-1-142, A-1-161, F-1-109, G-1-82, and B-2-121 through B-2-133). Without any intention of taking anything away from the herculean Entry by Christian Stoner Jr. into a mortgage transaction in March 1760 efforts of Mr. Wenger to classify the Stoners, it does seem that his article indicates that he was of age by that time, or in other words, born before confused this Christian Stoner with another. Deed F-2-92 says that the March 1739 (see Deed F-1-109). Christian Stoner who married Elizabeth Miller, · daughter of Valentine 176Lancaster Cmmty Miscellaneous Book, 1768-72, 302. Miller, was deceased by September 1, 1786 ("Whereas, Elizabeth (moth- !77Patent AA-10-80, PSA.

Pennsylvania Mennonite Heritage 32 October 2007 Hans/Jolm Tschantz.lBB Her will, written in 1790 and proved January 4, 1794, names her brother Jacob Neff as her executor.1 B9 This shows that she was Magdalena Neff, as does Samuel Miller's tombstone. Neither Samuel Miller's will in 1739 nor the will of Magdalena Tschantz in January 1794 indicate any chil­ dren from the marriage of Samuel and Magdalena Miller. In her will she provided that her land and all of her personal estate

View south from near the entrance to the Tschantz Cemetery in West Lampeter Township. The bam in the distance is evidently on land deeded to Jacob Miller's son M7 Samuel Miller in 1736. Currently this farm is owned by Amos E. Fisher, 2114 Pequea Lane, Lancaster, Pennsylvania.

pass to her brother Jacob Neff; sister Catherine, who had married Jacob Kendig; and the children of her sister Elizabeth, who had married Martin Kendig, both deceased, in one-third shares. Thus, it appears that there were no further descendants from Jacob Miller's son Samuel. Conclusion This completes the summary of the family of Jacob Miller, the pioneer, for four generations in Pennsylvania, enumerating seven children, nineteen grandchildren, and many great-grand­ children. Certainly those who are descended from them owe these pioneers a large debt for their foresight in moving to the Gravestone of M7 Samuel Miller (d. Nov. 4, 1739), who married new land, but all also owe them for the quiet legacy they left as Magdalena Neff: 1742 I HIR LICHT BE I GRABEN SAMUEL good people and God-fearing pioneers. The land of Jacob MILLER I DAS ALTEN JACOB MIL I LERS SOHN. SEINE ERE­ Miller's original patent of 1711, now converted mostly to farm­ FRAU I WAR MAGDALENA NEFIN. I ER HAT MIT IHR IN land, must look today much the way it did then. There may be DER I EHE GELEBT 6 JAHR UND I 18 TAG. ER IS GESTORBN fewer trees, as the forests have been converted to fields; and I DEN 4 NOVEMBER 1739. I SEIN GANZES ALTER I WAR 28 there certainly are a few more houses (and even a cellular tele­ JAHR, 9 MONAT, UND 14 TAG. 1742. (Here lies buried Samuel phone tower!), but most of the land is still devoted to the same Miller, the son of old Jacob Miller. His wife was Magdalena agricultural processes of nature as in the eighteenth century. The Nef. He was married to her 6 years, 18 days. He died on rolling hills are still where they were, and Pequea Creek is still in November 4, 1739. His total age was 28 years, 9 months, 14 the same place. The roads are now paved, but they also date to days. 1742). The footstone reads: 1742 WAS GOTT THUT IST the earliest days. The wooden covered bridge came one hundred WOHL GETHAN (1742 What God does is well done). fifty years after Jacob Miller, but it just adds to the current beau­ ty of the place. Finally, Jacob Miller and his quiet memory are still there, too. What more could one ask for the land and legacy of a pioneer back ten generations? That said, the record of the various Miller families in eigh­ teenth-century Lancaster County remains incomplete. There 17BDiane Miller Fisher, "My Family Heritage," Lancaster CounhJ were other Miller families living in Strasburg Township at the Heritage 1 Ganuary 1984): 29-30. same time, including at least one in the membership of the 179Will P-1-183. Beaver Valley Dutch Lutheran Church and its successor, Saint 180The Lancaster Mennonite Historical Society genealogical card file says his name was Christian Stauffer. Michael's Lutheran Church at Strasburg Village. There also was IBIThe card file says her name was Elizabeth. the family of Rudliffe/Rudolph Miller, who apparently was 1B2The card file says that Adam Doerstler was the husband of daugh­ Jacob Miller's cousin and the ancestor of many of the Millers of ter Ann Miller, but it does not mention Jacob Fehl. This source indicates Manor and Conestoga Townships. There also is the family of that John Nestroat was the husband of the final daughter, Susruma. If so, Michael Miller of Hempfield Township and the family of Jolm she must have been married twice, the second time to Jacob Fehl. Miller of Lancaster Borough, founder of Millerstown, now 183Will F-1-149 Millersville. There were Millers in Bart Township, Cocalico JB4Deed F-2-92. Township, Earl Township, Heidelberg Township, Leacock IBSSee F. Edward Wright, ed., Tax List of York County, 1779 Township, Lebanon Township, Rapho Township, Salisbury (Westminster, Md.: Family Line, 1989), 10. 186Will A-1-40. The marriage date is calculated from Samuel Miller's Township, Manheim Borough, at the Ephrata Cloister, and else­ gravestone at the Tschantz Cemetery. where during these years. Clearly, there is enough remaining IS7Deed K-2-287. research for lots of people to make significant contributions in J88See Deeds N-3-84 and E-5-260. the years ahead in organizing the record of the many Lancaster 189Will F-1-518. County families with this simple surname.

Pennsylvania Mennonite Heritage 33 October 2007 Jacob Miller Family Outlinei9o M Jacob Miller, Mar. 1, 1662/63 (Germany or Switzerland)-Apr. 20, 1739; bu. Tschantz Cern., West Lampeter Twp., Lancaster Co., Pa. 7 known ch. to two wives m.(1) ___ Ml John Miller, ca. 1690 (Germany or Switzerland)-bef. Dec. 12, 1719 (Lancaster Co.) m. Ann (whom. [2] after 1719 Jacob Kastner), d. aft. May 7, 1741 2 ch. Mll John Miller, Dec. 12, 1713-1801 m. Mary Brubaker, June 8, 1719-July 8, 1798; dau. Jacob Brubaker (seen. 37) 6 ch. Mlll Elizabeth Miller m . David Miller Ml12 Barbara Miller, d. aft. Jan. 4, 1801 m.(1) John Graff, d. aft. Mar. 31 and bef. May bu. Strasburg Mennonite Cern., Strasburg Twp. 26, 1784; s. John Groff and Susanna Herr m.(1) Susanna Kendig, aft. 1763-aft. Feb. 1802 and 6 ch. bef. Sept. 7, 1816, dau. Henry Kendig (II) and m .(2) aft. 1784 David Eshleman, d. aft. Jan. 4, 1801 M222 Anna Miller M113 Jacob Miller, d. bef. June 4, 1782 m.(2) aft. Feb. 1802 and bef. Sept. 7, 1816, Barbara m. Susanna (Graff?) ___, Jan. 15, 1770-May 22, 1854; bu. 4 ch. Strasburg Mennonite Cern. M114 John Miller, ca. 1744-bef. May 1, 1817 M212 Susanna Miller, bef. Mar. 1768-bef. Feb. 2, 1795 m. Esther Bowman, Nov. 10, 1749-Nov. 28,1833 m. Frederick Shrey 6 ch. M213 Anna Miller, b. bef. Mar. 1768 M115 Anna Miller, Feb. 8, 1746-Aug. 2, 1812; bu. Herr­ m. bef. January 6, 1801, Philip Weichart Mayer Cern., West Lampeter Twp. M214 John Miller, bef. Mar. 1768-aft. Nov. 19, 1798 m. Oct. 8, 1765, Abraham Herr, July 8, 1739-July M215 Barbara Miller, b. aft. Mar. 1768 and bef. Dec. 1772 25, 1799; bu. Herr-Mayer Cern. m. Oct. 14, 1788, John Sides/Seitz 7ch. M216 Maria Miller, b. aft. Mar. 1768 and bef. Dec. 1772 M116 David Miller, May 1, 1754-bef. Nov. 22, 1834 m. bef. Aug. 29, 1801, Frederick Smith, d. (?bef. m. Mary Souder, b. Dec. 1, 1753; dau. John Souder Aug. 29, 1801) 9 ch. M217 Esther Miller, Oct. 24, 1771-Jan. 10, 1846; bu. M12 Hannah Miller, ca. 1715-aft. May 26, 1792 Brackbill-Neff Cern., Strasburg Twp. m . bef. 1738 Jacob Haines, d. bef. May 4, 1763 m. bef. Aug. 29, 1801, George Miller, 1769-June 1, 5ch. 1841; bu. Brackbill-Neff Cern., Strasburg Twp. M121 Daniel Haines, bef. 1739-bef. Dec. 31, 1799 M218 Elizabeth Miller, b. aft. Mar. 1768 and bef. Dec. m. Apr. 1, 1766, Esther Lerue 1772; d. single in her minority. M122 Samuel Haines, May 15, 1739-Sept. 1, 1817; M219 Catherine Miller, b. aft. Dec. 1772 bu. Lampeter Reformed Mennonite Cern., West m. bef. Dec. 5, 1796, John Groff Lampeter Twp. M210 George Miller, b. aft. Dec. 1772 m. June 20, 1763, Mary (Margaret?) Yoner, d. M21a Daniel Miller, b. aft. Dec. 1772 Nov. 19, 1803; bu. Lampeter Reformed M22 John Miller, d. bef. Mar. 5, 1776 Mennonite Cern. m.(1) Barbara Herr, d. aft. Mar. 1762, dau. 2 ch. Christian Herr I M123 Jacob Haines, aft. Mar. 1744 and bef. Mar. 6 ch. 1746-aft. May 15, 1795 M221 John Miller, bef. 1745-aft. Sept. 30, 1795 m . Feb. 11, 1768, M45 Catherine Miller, d. aft. m. Feronica Graff, May 1, 1753-d. aft. Apr. 6, 1790; May 15,1795 dau. Michael Graff and Elizabeth Herr M124 Hannah Haines, aft. July 1744 and bef. Mar. M222 Anna Miller, bef. 1745-bef. July 21, 1819 1751-aft. May 26, 1792 m.(1) 1763 Henry Kendig (II), b. 1740-1772, s. m. June 21, 1767, John Icholds/Eicholtz Henry Kendig (I) and Maria Wolfe M125 Isaac Haines, aft. Mar. 1751 and bef. Mar. 7 ch. 1753-aft. Feb. 26, 1816 m.(2) bef. Dec. 6, 1774, Jacob Fritz, d. bef. Apr. 19, 1794 m. Nov. 23, 1773, Catharine Diffenbach, d. aft. Feb. 26, 1816, dau. Adam Diffenbach and Feronica Bare 190'fhis listing adopts nearly the same numbering convention for the M2 Jacob Miller Jr., ca. 1697 (Germany or Switzerland)-aft. Miller family as in Best, "Martin Kendig's Swiss Relatives," 10-13, except Apr. 12, 1758 (Lancaster Co.) that Jacob Miller is M here and is MR1521 there since that source begins many generations farther back. Because Best's listing of Millers con­ m. Catherine d. aft. Apr. 12, 1758 cludes with only a partial listing of Jacob Miller's children, they also are 2knownch. renumbered here in probable order of birth. Except for this latter differ­ M21 Jacob Miller (III), d. bef. Mar. 7, 1782 ence, the shorter form numbering used here is simply to make the num­ m. Anna d. aft. Mar. 8, 1786 and bef. Apr. bers more easily readable. A direct continuation from Best's listing is 2, 1795 possible simply by putting the digits "1521" between "M" here and the 11 ch. rest of the index number (and noting also the difference in numbering for M211 Jacob Miller (IV), Dec. 25, 1755-Aug. 28, 1828; Jacob Miller's children). This table is a summary; sources for these names and dates are in the text and fooh1otes above.

Pennsylvania Mennonite Heritage 34 October 2007 M223 Mary Miller, be£. 1755-aft. June 1793 and be£. June and be£. Oct. 24, 1803, s. Ulrich Hoober and 1794 Anna Maria Funk m . Henry Witmer, 1751-Dec. 3, 1821, s. John 1 ch. Witmer and Fronica Roland m.(2) after 1803 Christian Rohrer M224 Daniel Miller, be£. Jan. 13, 1762-bef. Mar. 16, 1832 M415 Samuel Miller, July 25, 1772-Mar. 3, 1818; bu. m. Elizabeth Herr, May 27, 1759-bef. Mar. 16, 1832, Lampeter Reformed Mennonite Cern. dau. Christian Herr II m. Anna Witmer, Mar. 25, 1776-Nov. 19, 1856; bu. M225 Simon Miller, aft. Mar.1762 and be£. Feb. 1764-aft. Lampeter Reformed Mennonite Cern. Apr. 6, 1790, and be£. Sept. 30, 1795 M42 John Miller, ca. 1740-aft. May 4, 1782 m. Barbara Graff, d. aft. Aug. 30, 1795; dau. Jacob m. Nov. 7, 1769, Elizabeth Carpenter, d. aft. May 4, Graff 1782, dau. Jacob Carpenter and Elizabeth Herr M226 Rebecca Miller, aft. Mar. 1762-bef. July 1780 M43 Magdalena Miller, d. aft. Dec. 17, 1784 M22 John Miller m.(2) Maria ·she m.(2) aft. Feb. m. July 21, 1761, Jacob Carpenter, Apr. 3, 1726-Dec. 1776, John Herr 3, 1772, s. Henry Carpenter and Salome Ruefner M3 Christina Miller, ca. 1700 (Germany or Switzerland)-bef. 5ch. Oct.14, 1757 M431 Esther Carpenter, b. aft. 1761 and be£. 1773 m. ca. 1718 Henry Haines Jr., ca. 1696-bef. Apr. 25, 1752, M432 Catharine Carpenter, b. aft. 1761 and bef. 1773 s. Henry Haines M433 Henry Carpenter, b. after 1761 and be£. 1773 5 ch. M434 Martin Carpenter, b . aft. 1761 and be£. 1773 M31 Henry Haines/Hi:ihn Jr., bef. 1725-1744, at Ephrata M435 Jacob Carpenter, b. aft. 1761 and be£. 1773 Cloister, Ephrata, Pa. M44 Joseph Miller, d. aft. Apr. 28, 1779 Dailey, d. aft. Apr. 28, 1779 M32 Lawrence Haines, bef. 1725-1743; N .J. m. Jan. 15, 1771, Margaret M33 Mary Haines, b. be£. Apr. 1738 M45 Catherine Miller, d. aft. Sept. 6, 1782 Haines, aft. Mar. 1744 m .(1) be£. Dec. 14, 1757, Frederick Seiger; d. aft. Nov. m. Feb. 11, 1768, Ml23 Jacob 6, 1782 23, 1772, and be£. Dec. 6, 1774 and bef. Mar. 1746-aft. Sept. Miller m.(2) ___ M331 John Seiger, b. be£. Dec. 1760 M Jacob or Switzerland)­ M332 Mary Seiger, b. aft. Dec. 1760 MS Abraham Miller, b. ca. 1707 (Germany m . bef. Dec. 1785 Henry Eyman aft. Jan. 7, 1773 M333 Elizabeth Seiger, b. aft. Dec. 1760 (M6?) Valentine Miller, ca. 1709 (Germany or Switzerland)- M334 Henry Seiger, b. aft. Dec. 1760 1762 M335 Salome Seiger, b. aft. Dec. 1760 m.(1) Ann Kendig, dau. George Kendig M33 Mary Haines m.(2) aft. 1774 and be£. Dec. 12, 1779, M61 Elizabeth Miller, be£. 1740-bef. Sept. 1, 1786 Henry Shute m. Christian Stoner, be£. Mar. 1739-aft. Feb. 2, 1777, M34 Abraham Haines, aft. Apr. 1738-aft. Aug. 1783 and be£. Sept. 1, 1786, s. Ouistian Stoner and Elizabeth m . be£. May 11, 1769, Susanna Carpenter, dau. Jacob M611 John Stoner, b. bef. Sept. 1765 Carpenter and Elizabeth Herr m. Magdalena M35 William Haines, aft. Apr. 1738-aft. Oct. 1, 1780 and M62 John Miller, aft. Mar. 1739 and be£. Dec. 1747-aft. Feb. bef. Mar. 12, 1781 2, 1777 and be£. Sept. 1, 1786 m. June 12, 1764, Salome Carpenter, d. aft. Apr. 30, m. Anna (Steeman?), d. aft. Feb. 2, 1777, and be£. Sept. 1789, dau. Jacob Carpenter and Elizabeth Herr; 1,1786 she m .(2) aft. Apr. 10, 1783, and be£. July 25, 1784, M621 John Miller, d. aft. Feb. 2,1777, and bef. Jan. 12, John Fowler, d. aft. Apr. 30, 1789 1782 2 ch. M622 Barbara Miller, d. aft. Feb. 2, 1777, and be£. Sept. M351 Henry Haines, b. be£. Nov. 1768. 1,1786 M352 Elizabeth Haines, b. aft. November 1768 (M6?) Valentine Miller m.(2) Mary · she m.(2) be£. M4 Martin Miller, ca. 1704 (Germany or Switzerland)-bef. Dec. 1768 Jacob Maynart Mar. 15, 1773 M63 Valentine Miller, be£. Dec. 1754-bef. Sept. 1771 m. Margareth Neff, d. be£. Apr. 27, 1782, dau. Francis M64 Jacob Miller, Sept. 22, 1757-Dec. 20, 1810 Neff and Barbara Eby m. Catherine Brenner, Feb. 19, 1759-bef. Apr. 8, 1828 5 ch. M641 Ann Miller M41 Samuel Miller, ca. 1740-bef. Mar. 3, 1784 m. Adam Doerstler m. Apr. 16, 1764, Rachel Haines, 1743-July 24, 1833; M642 Catherine Miller, d. be£. Mar. 30, 1828 dau. Joseph Haines; bu. Lampeter Reformed m. Henry Morry, d . be£. Mar. 30, 1828 Mennonite Cern., West Lampeter Twp. M643 Elizabeth Miller 5 ch. m. Christian Binckley M411 Henry Miller, Mar. 28, 1765-July 18, 1847; bu. M644 Jacob Miller Strasburg Mennonite Cern., Strasburg Twp. M645 John Miller m. Dec. 14,1790, Sarah Herr, June 16, 1771-Mar. 15, M646 Maria Miller, d. be£. Mar. 30, 1828 1858, dau. of Emanuel Herr and Mary Smith; m. Christian Stauffer bu. Strasburg Mennonite Cern. M647 Susanna Miller M412 Martin Miller, Nov. 19, 1766-June 10, 1815; bu. m. John Nestroat Lampeter Reformed Mennonite Cern., West M648 Adam Miller, 1799-Aug. 1, 1872; bu. Miller Lampeter Twp. Cern., Manor Twp. m. Magdalena/Martha Barr, dau. Martin Barr and m. Barbara Maynard, Aug. 9, 1801-Jan. 17, 1883 Elizabeth Herr M65 Mathias Miller, b. aft. June 1759 M413 Miller, d . as minor aft. 1784 and by 1789 m. Elizabeth Whistler (birth order unknown) M7 Samuel Miller, Jan. 22, 1710/11-Nov. 4, 1739 M414 Susanna Miller, d. aft. May 1815 (birth order m. Oct. 17, 1733, Magdalena Neff, d . ca. Dec. 1793, unknown) dau. Francis Neff and Barbara Eby; she m.(2) aft. m .(1) be£. 1795 Jacob Hoover, d . aft. July 15, 1803, 1739 Bishop Hans Tschantz 0

Pennsylvania Mennonite Heritage 35 October 2007