Asteroids Are the Small, Usually Rocky, Bodies That Reside Primarily in a Belt Between Mars and Jupiter
Total Page:16
File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb
Load more
Recommended publications
-
Volume 1, #1 2021 May 14 Published on Behalf of the International Astronomical Union by the WG Small Bodies Nomenclature
Volume 1, #1 2021 May 14 Published on behalf of the International Astronomical Union by the WG Small Bodies Nomenclature. ISSN <applied for> Cover image: Navigation image of (1) Ceres, obtained by the DAWN mission. Courtesy NASA/JPL-CALTECH. WGSBN Bull. 1, #1 Table of Contents Editorial Notice.....................................................................................................................8 New Names of Minor Planets...............................................................................................8 (3708) Socus = 1974 FV1...............................................................................................9 (4035) Thestor = 1986 WD1...........................................................................................9 (4489) Dracius = 1988 AK..............................................................................................9 (4715) Medesicaste = 1989 TS1.....................................................................................9 (5258) Rhoeo = 1989 AU1..............................................................................................9 (5311) Rutherford = 1981 GD1.......................................................................................9 (5346) Benedetti = 1981 QE3.........................................................................................9 (5648) Axius = 1990 VU1...............................................................................................9 (5766) Carmelofalco = 1986 QR3..................................................................................9 -
Planets Days Mini-Conference (Friday August 24)
Planets Days Mini-Conference (Friday August 24) Session I : 10:30 – 12:00 10:30 The Dawn Mission: Latest Results (Christopher Russell) 10:45 Revisiting the Oort Cloud in the Age of Large Sky Surveys (Julio Fernandez) 11:00 25 years of Adaptive Optics in Planetary Astronomy, from the Direct Imaging of Asteroids to Earth-Like Exoplanets (Franck Marchis) 11:15 Exploration of the Jupiter Trojans with the Lucy Mission (Keith Noll) 11:30 The New and Unexpected Venus from Akatsuki (Javier Peralta) 11:45 Exploration of Icy Moons as Habitats (Athena Coustenis) Session II: 13:30 – 15:00 13:30 Characterizing ExOPlanet Satellite (CHEOPS): ESA's first s-class science mission (Kate Isaak) 13:45 The Habitability of Exomoons (Christopher Taylor) 14:00 Modelling the Rotation of Icy Satellites with Application to Exoplanets (Gwenael Boue) 14:15 Novel Approaches to Exoplanet Life Detection: Disequilibrium Biosignatures and Their Detectability with the James Webb Space Telescope (Joshua Krissansen-Totton) 14:30 Getting to Know Sub-Saturns and Super-Earths: High-Resolution Spectroscopy of Transiting Exoplanets (Ray Jayawardhana) 14:45 How do External Giant Planets Influence the Evolution of Compact Multi-Planet Systems? (Dong Lai) Session III: 15:30 – 18:30 15:30 Titan’s Global Geology from Cassini (Rosaly Lopes) 15:45 The Origins Space Telescope and Solar System Science (James Bauer) 16:00 Relationship Between Stellar and Solar System Organics (Sun Kwok) 16:15 Mixing of Condensible Constituents with H/He During Formation of Giant Planets (Jack Lissauer) -
Research Paper in Nature
Draft version November 1, 2017 Typeset using LATEX twocolumn style in AASTeX61 DISCOVERY AND CHARACTERIZATION OF THE FIRST KNOWN INTERSTELLAR OBJECT Karen J. Meech,1 Robert Weryk,1 Marco Micheli,2, 3 Jan T. Kleyna,1 Olivier Hainaut,4 Robert Jedicke,1 Richard J. Wainscoat,1 Kenneth C. Chambers,1 Jacqueline V. Keane,1 Andreea Petric,1 Larry Denneau,1 Eugene Magnier,1 Mark E. Huber,1 Heather Flewelling,1 Chris Waters,1 Eva Schunova-Lilly,1 and Serge Chastel1 1Institute for Astronomy, 2680 Woodlawn Drive, Honolulu, HI 96822, USA 2ESA SSA-NEO Coordination Centre, Largo Galileo Galilei, 1, 00044 Frascati (RM), Italy 3INAF - Osservatorio Astronomico di Roma, Via Frascati, 33, 00040 Monte Porzio Catone (RM), Italy 4European Southern Observatory, Karl-Schwarzschild-Strasse 2, D-85748 Garching bei M¨unchen,Germany (Received November 1, 2017; Revised TBD, 2017; Accepted TBD, 2017) Submitted to Nature ABSTRACT Nature Letters have no abstracts. Keywords: asteroids: individual (A/2017 U1) | comets: interstellar Corresponding author: Karen J. Meech [email protected] 2 Meech et al. 1. SUMMARY 22 confirmed that this object is unique, with the highest 29 Until very recently, all ∼750 000 known aster- known hyperbolic eccentricity of 1:188 ± 0:016 . Data oids and comets originated in our own solar sys- obtained by our team and other researchers between Oc- tem. These small bodies are made of primor- tober 14{29 refined its orbital eccentricity to a level of dial material, and knowledge of their composi- precision that confirms the hyperbolic nature at ∼ 300σ. tion, size distribution, and orbital dynamics is Designated as A/2017 U1, this object is clearly from essential for understanding the origin and evo- outside our solar system (Figure2). -
Interstellar Interlopers Two Recently Sighted Space Rocks That Came from Beyond the Solar System Have Puzzled Astronomers
A S T R O N O MY InterstellarInterstellar Interlopers Two recently sighted space rocks that came from beyond the solar system have puzzled astronomers 42 Scientific American, October 2020 © 2020 Scientific American 1I/‘OUMUAMUA, the frst interstellar object ever observed in the solar system, passed close to Earth in 2017. InterstellarInterlopers Interlopers Two recently sighted space rocks that came from beyond the solar system have puzzled astronomers By David Jewitt and Amaya Moro-Martín Illustrations by Ron Miller October 2020, ScientificAmerican.com 43 © 2020 Scientific American David Jewitt is an astronomer at the University of California, Los Angeles, where he studies the primitive bodies of the solar system and beyond. Amaya Moro-Martín is an astronomer at the Space Telescope Science Institute in Baltimore. She investigates planetary systems and extrasolar comets. ATE IN THE EVENING OF OCTOBER 24, 2017, AN E-MAIL ARRIVED CONTAINING tantalizing news of the heavens. Astronomer Davide Farnocchia of NASA’s Jet Propulsion Laboratory was writing to one of us (Jewitt) about a new object in the sky with a very strange trajectory. Discovered six days earli- er by University of Hawaii astronomer Robert Weryk, the object, initially dubbed P10Ee5V, was traveling so fast that the sun could not keep it in orbit. Instead of its predicted path being a closed ellipse, its orbit was open, indicating that it would never return. “We still need more data,” Farnocchia wrote, “but the orbit appears to be hyperbolic.” Within a few hours, Jewitt wrote to Jane Luu, a long-time collaborator with Norwegian connections, about observing the new object with the Nordic Optical Telescope in LSpain. -
Near-Earth Asteroid 2012 TC4 Observing Campaign Results From
Icarus 326 (2019) 133–150 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Icarus journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/icarus Near-Earth asteroid 2012 TC4 observing campaign: Results from a global T planetary defense exercise ⁎ Vishnu Reddya, , Michael S. Kelleyb, Davide Farnocchiac, William H. Ryand, Cristina A. Thomase, Lance A.M. Bennerc, Jessie Dotsonf, Marco Michelig, Melissa J. Bruckera, Schelte J. Bush, Marina Brozovicc, Lorien Wheeleri, Viqar Abbasij, James M. Bauerk, Amber Bonsalll, Zarah L. Browna, Michael W. Buschm, Paul Chodasc, Young-Jun Choin,o, Nicolas Erasmusp, Kelly E. Fastb, John P. Faucherq, Rachel B. Fernandesa, Frank D. Ghigol, David G. Gilbankp, Jon D. Giorginic, Annika Gustafssone, Olivier Hainautr, Walter M. Harrisa, Joseph S. Jaoc, Lindley S. Johnsonb, Theodore Karetaa, Myung-Jin Kimn, Detlef Koschnys, Emily A. Kramerc, Rob R. Landisb, Denis G. Laurinj, Jeffrey A. Larsenq, Clement G. Leec, Cassandra Lejolya, Tim Listert, Robert McMillana, Joseph R. Masieroc, Donovan Mathiasu, Michael Mommertv, Hong-Kyu Moonw, Nicholas A. Moskovitzx, Shantanu P. Naiduc, Ravi Teja Nallapuy, Haris Khan Niaziz, John W. Noonana, David Polishookaa, Eileen V. Ryand, Lauren Schatzab, James V. Scottia, Benjamin Sharkeya, Boris M. Shustovac, Amanda A. Sickafoosep,ad, Marc A. Silvaae, Martin A. Sladec, Lindsay R. Slicka, Lawrence G. Snedekerae, Alessondra Springmanna, David Tholenaf, David E. Trillinge,p, Alberto Q. Vodnizaag, Richard Wainscoataf, Robert Werykaf, Makoto Yoshikawaah a Lunar and Planetary Laboratory, University of Arizona, 1629 E University Blvd, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA b Planetary Defense Coordination Office, Planetary Science Division, NASA Headquarters, 300 E St SW, Washington, DC20546,USA c Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, 4800 Oak Grove Drive, Pasadena, CA 91109, USA d Magdalena Ridge Observatory, New Mexico Tech, 801 Leroy Place, Socorro, NM 87801, USA e Dept. -
Conference Report
2013 IAA Planetary Defense Conference Conference report Background The 2013 IAA Planetary Defense Conference: Gathering for Impact! was held in Flagstaff, Arizona, USA, on April 15-19, and included a special session on Sunday evening, April 14, on the Chelyabinsk Meteor event of February 15, 2013. The conference, which became part of the International Academy of Astronautics (IAA) conference series in 2009, was the fifth in the series of conferences that began in 2004. Pervious conference locations were in Anaheim, California (2004), Washington, D.C. (2007), Granada, Spain (2009), and Bucharest, Romania (2011). As was the case for previous conferences, the 2013 conference brought together world experts to discuss our current understanding of asteroids and comets that might pose an impact threat to our planet, techniques that might be used to deflect or disrupt an oncoming object, the design of deflection campaigns, consequences of an impact, and political and policy issues that might affect a decision to take action. A tabletop exercise on the last day of the conference asked attendees to consider deflection and disaster mitigation responses to a hypothetical asteroid impact threat. The Organizing Committee for the conference is provided in Attachment A. The Flagstaff conference was sponsored by 23 organizations that are listed in Attachment B and was attended by over 225 individuals (see Attachment C). Both the number of sponsoring organizations and the number of attendees have grown over time, as shown in Fig 1. This increase demonstrates the expanding recognition that defending Earth from asteroids and comets is an important issue for our time. Figure 1. -
Astrometry and Astrophysics in the Gaia Sky Iau Symposium 330
IAU IAU Symposium Proceedings of the International Astronomical Union IAU Symposium No. 330 Symposium 24–28 April 2017 Astrometry has historically been fundamental to all the fi elds of astronomy, driving many revolutionary scientifi c results. ESA’s Gaia 330 Nice, France mission is astrometrically, photometrically and spectroscopically surveying the full sky, measuring around a billion stars to magnitude 20, to allow stellar distance and age estimations with unprecedented accuracy. With the complement of radial 24–28 April 2017 330 Astrometry and 24–28 April 2017 velocities, it will provide the full kinematic information of these Nice, France targets, while the photometric and spectroscopic data will be used Nice, France Astrometry and Astrophysics in the to classify objects and astrophysically characterize stars. IAU Symposium 330 reviews the fi rst 2.5 years of Gaia activities and Gaia Sky discusses the scientifi c results derived from the fi rst Gaia data Astrophysics in the release (GDR1). This signifi cant increase in the precision of the astrometric measurements has sharpened our view of the Milky Way and the physical processes involved in stellar and galactic evolution. To many, the Gaia revolution heralds a transformation Gaia Sky comparable to the impact of the telescope’s invention four centuries ago. Proceedings of the International Astronomical Union Editor in Chief: Dr Piero Benvenuti This series contains the proceedings of major scientifi c meetings held by the International Astronomical Union. Each volume contains a series of articles on a topic of current interest in Astrometry and astronomy, giving a timely overview of research in the fi eld. -
Ice& Stone 2020
Ice & Stone 2020 WEEK 29: JULY 12-18 Presented by The Earthrise Institute # 29 Authored by Alan Hale This week in history JULY 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 JULY 12, 2001: American astronomer Gary Melnick and his colleagues publish their discovery of water vapor around the old, evolved star CW Leonis, suggesting the presence of exocomets around that star. The subject of exocomets, including the importance of this discovery, is discussed in a previous “Special Topics” presentation. JULY 12, 2126: Comet 109P/Swift-Tuttle, the parent comet of the Perseid meteors, will pass through perihelion at a heliocentric distance of 0.956 AU. A little over three weeks later the comet will pass 0.15 AU from Earth. 109P/ Swift-Tuttle is a future “Comet of the Week.” JULY 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 JULY 14, 1996: European Southern Observatory astronomer Guido Pizarro takes the first of several photographs that show the presence of a cometary object discovered early the following month by Eric Elst. Comet Elst- Pizarro did not show a coma but did exhibit a distinct tail, and was found to be traveling in a low-eccentricity orbit entirely within the main asteroid belt. Dual-designated as “asteroid” (7968) and as “comet” 133P, Elst- Pizarro was the first-known example of a “main belt comet,” more commonly referred to today as “active asteroids.” These objects are the subject of a future “Special Topics” presentation. JULY 14, 2015: NASA’s New Horizons mission passes by Pluto and its system of moons. Pluto is the subject of this week’s “Special Topics” presentation, and the New Horizons encounter is discussed in detail there. -
What Is Oumuamua?
PRINCIPIUM The Newsletter of the Initiative for Interstellar Studies Issue 23 | November 2018 ISSN 2397-9127 www.i4is.org The MEMBERSHIP Edition ■ News Feature - What is Oumuamua? ■ Implications of the Gaia Mission for Future Interstellar Travel ■ Book Review: The Planet Factory - Elizabeth Tasker ■ Engineering New Worlds: Goals, Motives and Results R O ■ Interstellar News F E ■ News Features: V I T A : 69th International Astronautical Congress 2018 - I T I The Interstellar Papers N : Starship Engineering - I First Five Day i4is Summer School S T U D I E S : Holographic Photon Sails - A Merger of Science and Art Scientia ad sidera : The Andromeda Probe Model Knowledge to the stars : TVIW 2018 Principium | Issue 23 | November 2018 1 » International Space University - we report our JOIN I4IS ON A JOURNEY TO THE STARS! support for three 2018 ISU Thesis Projects. » i4is Executive Director Andreas Hein and SF WelcomeEditorial to the 23rd issue of Principium, the novelist & physicist Stephen Baxter announce Do you think humanity should aim for the stars? quarterly newsletter about all things interstellar from results of two year's work, Artificial Intelligence for i4is, the Initiative for Interstellar Studies - and our Interstellar Travel. US-based Institute for Interstellar Studies. And a Would you like to help drive the research needed for an special welcome if you are a new reader. Please tell » Angelo Genovese, i4is, spoke at the European us if we have your details wrong ([email protected]). Mars Society Convention in Switzerland, interstellar future… Our Introduction feature for Principium 23 is We also have News Features covering events at … and get the interstellar message to all humanity? Implications of the Gaia Mission for Future our HQ, The Mill, our First Five Day i4is Summer Interstellar Travel by Dr Phil Sutton of Lincoln School - Starship Engineering and a presentation by University, UK. -
FROM the NOVEMBER 2007 ISSUE of DISCOVER MAGAZINE What to Do Before the Asteroid Strikes
FROM THE NOVEMBER 2007 ISSUE OF DISCOVER MAGAZINE What To Do Before the Asteroid Strikes The doomsday rock is out there. It’s just a matter of time... By Andrew Lawler|Thursday, November 2007 Barringer Meteor Crater in Arizona is the scar of an asteroid hit from less than 50,000 years ago. In 2004, as a massive tsunami roiled through the Indian Ocean killing hundreds of thousands of people, a dozen or so scientists quietly confronted an impending disaster potentially even more lethal. They had inside intelligence that a chunk of rock and metal, roughly 1,300 feet wide, was hurtling toward a possible collision with the most populated swath of Earth—Europe, India, and Southeast Asia. Furiously crunching numbers on their computers, the researchers put the odds of impact in the year 2029 at exactly those of hitting the number in a game of roulette: 1 in 37. “We usually deal with one chance in a million,” recalls Steven Chesley at NASA’s Jet Propulsion Laboratory in Pasadena, California. “This was absolutely extraordinary—I didn’t expect to see anything like it in my career.” By the end of the day on December 27, 2004, to the relief of the observers, archival data turned up trajectory information that rendered the odds of a collision nil. Nonetheless, in 2029 the asteroid, dubbed Apophis—derived from the Egyptian god Apep, the destroyer who dwells in eternal darkness—will zoom closer to Earth than the world’s communications satellites do. And April 13, 2036, it will return—this time with a 1-in-45,000 chance of hitting somewhere on a line stretching from the Pacific Ocean near California to Central America. -
Technosignature Report Final 121619
NASA AND THE SEARCH FOR TECHNOSIGNATURES A Report from the NASA Technosignatures Workshop NOVEMBER 28, 2018 NASA TECHNOSIGNATURES WORKSHOP REPORT CONTENTS 1 INTRODUCTION .................................................................................................................................................................... 1 1.1 What are Technosignatures? .................................................................................................................................... 2 1.2 What Are Good Technosignatures to Look For? ....................................................................................................... 2 1.3 Maturity of the Field ................................................................................................................................................... 5 1.4 Breadth of the Field ................................................................................................................................................... 5 1.5 Limitations of This Document .................................................................................................................................... 6 1.6 Authors of This Document ......................................................................................................................................... 6 2 EXISTING UPPER LIMITS ON TECHNOSIGNATURES ....................................................................................................... 9 2.1 Limits and the Limitations of Limits ........................................................................................................................... -
IAA Planetary Defense Conference: Preliminary Program Gathering for Impact May 15-19, 2017 May 12Th 2017 Page 1
2017 IAA Planetary Defense Conference: Preliminary Program Gathering for Impact May 15-19, 2017 May 12th 2017 Page 1 5th IAA Planetary Defense Conference Gathering for Impact 15-19 May 2017 Tokyo, Japan PROGRAM http://pdc.iaaweb.org 2017 IAA Planetary Defense Conference: Preliminary Program Gathering for Impact May 15-19, 2017 May 12th 2017 Page 2 DAY 1 Monday May 15 0800 REGISTRATION 0850 OPENING REMARKS: Conference Organizers 0900 OPENING REMARKS: Hiroki Matsuo, IAA Vice-President 0910 WELCOME: Hajime Funada, Member, House of Representatives of Japan 0920 IAA-PDC-17-00-01 KEYNOTE: Saku Tsuneta, Director of Institute of Space and Astronautical Science, Japan 0940 IAA-PDC-17-00-02 KEYNOTE: Johann-Dietrich Woerner, Director General, European Space Agency 1000 BREAK SESSION 1: KEY INTERNATIONAL AND POLITICAL DEVELOPMENTS 120 minutes Session Organizers: Hajime Yano (Japan), Romana Kofler (UNOOSA) 1020 IAA-PDC-17-01-01 An Overview of Developments related to NEOs within the Framework of the Romana Kofler United Nations & the Committee on the Peaceful of Outer Space 1030 IAA-PDC-17-01-02 The International Asteroid Warning Network: History, Background, and Current Timothy Spahr Status 1045 IAA-PDC-17-01-03 The Space Mission Planning Advisory Group Gerhard Drolshagen 1100 IAA-PDC-17-01-04 SMPAG Working Group on Legal Issues in Planetary Defense Line Drube 1115 IAA-PDC-17-01-05 Advancement of Planetary Defense in the United States Lindley Johnson 1130 IAA-PDC-17-01-06 Activities in Russia On NEO: Progress in Instrumentation, Study of Consequences