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Mesa County Community Wildfire Protection Plan

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Mesa County Community Wildfire Protection Plan Mesa County Community Wildre Protection Plan March 2012 MESA COUNTY COMMUNITY WILDFIRE PROTECTION PLAN Prepared for 215 Rice Street Grand Junction, Colorado 81501 Prepared by SWCA® ENVIRONMENTAL CONSULTANTS 5647 Jefferson Street NE Albuquerque, New Mexico 87109 Telephone: 505-254-1115; Fax: 505-254-1116 www.swca.com Victoria Amato, M.S. Amanda Kuenzi, M.S. SWCA Project No. 17582 March 2012 Mesa County Community Wildfire Protection Plan Executive Summary For millennia fire has been an integral process in the maintenance of western ecosystems, but with the growth of communities into the wildland urban interface, fire is increasingly seen as a threat to life and property. In recent years a number of large fires have destroyed homes throughout the West, raising public awareness for the need to mitigate fire effects and plan for improving a community’s resilience to this natural phenomenon. This document has been developed to address wildfire threat to communities in Mesa County, Colorado, and it provides recommendations to abate catastrophic wildfire and minimize its impacts to communities. Mesa County is the fourth most extensive and the eleventh most populous of the Colorado counties and is named for its many large mesas. The county is made up of urban populations centered along the Interstate 70 corridor and the Colorado River, as well as a wide range of vegetation with associated range of fire hazards. Much of Mesa County’s population has become fully aware of the prevalence of fire in these ecosystems, though some residents still perceive their communities to be at low risk of wildfire. The importance of public education and outreach in conjunction with recommended physical actions to reduce hazardous fuels are highlighted in this plan. Multi-jurisdictional agencies (federal, state, and local), organizations, and residents have joined together to develop this plan, the Mesa County Community Wildfire Protection Plan (MCCWPP). The purpose of the MCCWPP is to assist in protecting human life and reducing property loss due to wildfire throughout Mesa County. The plan is the result of a community-wide wildland fire protection planning process and the compilation of documents, reports, and data developed by a wide array of contributors. This plan was compiled in 2011–2012 in response to the federal Healthy Forests Restoration Act (HFRA) of 2003. The MCCWPP meets the requirements of the HFRA by: 1) Having been developed collaboratively by multiple agencies at the state and local levels in consultation with federal agencies and other interested parties. 2) Prioritizing and identifying fuel reduction treatments and recommending the types and methods of treatments to protect at-risk communities and pertinent infrastructure. 3) Suggesting multi-party mitigation, monitoring, and outreach. 4) Recommending measures and action items that residents and communities can take to reduce the ignitability of structures. 5) Facilitating public information meetings to educate and involve the community to participate in and contribute to the development of the MCCWPP. The planning process has served to identify many physical hazards throughout Mesa County that could increase the threat of wildfire to communities. The public also has helped to identify community values that it would most like to see protected. By incorporating public and Core Team input into the recommendations, treatments are tailored specifically for Mesa County to be sensitive to local agricultural and ranching practices. The MCCWPP emphasizes the importance of collaboration among multi-jurisdictional agencies in order to develop fuels mitigation SWCA Environmental Consultants March 2012 Mesa County Community Wildfire Protection Plan treatment programs to address wildfire hazards. Mesa County has a committed team of career and volunteer firefighters, who work arduously to protect the life and property of Mesa County citizens, but without homeowners taking on some of the responsibility of reducing fire hazards in and around their own homes, these resources are severely stretched. A combination of homeowner and community awareness, public education, and agency collaboration and treatments are necessary to fully reduce wildfire risk. It is important to stress that this document is an initial step in educating the public and treating areas of concern, and should serve as a tool in doing so. The MCCWPP should be treated as a live document to be updated approximately every two years. The plan should be revised to reflect changes, modifications, or new information that may contribute to an updated MCCWPP. These elements are essential to the success of mitigating wildfire risk throughout Mesa County and will be important in maintaining the ideas and priorities of the plan and the communities in the future. SWCA Environmental Consultants March 2012 Mesa County Community Wildfire Protection Plan Table of Contents 1.1 Overview of Community Wildfire Protection Plans ................................................... 1 1.2 Need for CWPPs ......................................................................................................... 2 1.3 Goal of CWPPs ........................................................................................................... 2 1.4 Planning Process ......................................................................................................... 4 1.5 Core Team ................................................................................................................... 4 1.6 Project Area ................................................................................................................ 5 1.7 Public Involvement ..................................................................................................... 7 2.1 Location and Geography ............................................................................................. 9 2.2 Population ................................................................................................................. 11 2.3 Vegetation ................................................................................................................. 14 2.3.1 Agriculture—Cultivated Crops and Irrigated Agriculture ............................ 15 2.4 Historic Conditions and Present Changes in Fire-adapted Ecosystems.................... 15 2.4.1 Non-native and Invasive Species .................................................................. 16 2.5 History and Land Use ............................................................................................... 18 3.1 Wildland Urban Interface ......................................................................................... 19 3.2 Fire History ............................................................................................................... 21 3.2.1 Past Fire Management Policies and Land Management Actions .................. 21 3.2.2 Historical Fire Regimes and Present Changes .............................................. 21 3.2.3 Recent Fire Occurrence in the Mesa CWPP Planning Area ......................... 22 3.3. Challenges for Future Restoration Efforts .................................................................... 24 3.3 Fire Management Policy ........................................................................................... 25 3.3.1 Statutory Responsibility of the Mesa County Sheriff ................................... 25 3.3.2 Fire Management Planning in Mesa County ................................................ 25 3.4 Fire Response Capabilities ........................................................................................ 27 3.4.1 Mesa County Fire Protection Districts .......................................................... 28 3.4.2 Mesa County Sheriff’s Department .............................................................. 28 3.4.3 Office of Emergency Management ............................................................... 29 3.4.4 The Upper Colorado River Interagency Fire Management Unit .................. 29 3.4.5 Colorado State Forest Service ....................................................................... 29 4.1 Purpose ...................................................................................................................... 33 4.2 Fire Behavior Model ................................................................................................. 33 4.2.1 Overview ....................................................................................................... 33 4.2.2 Fire Behavior Model Components ................................................................ 34 4.2.3 Fire Behavior Model Inputs .......................................................................... 34 SWCA Environmental Consultants i March 2012 Mesa County Community Wildfire Protection Plan 4.2.4 Fire Behavior Model Outputs ....................................................................... 39 4.2.5 GIS Overlay Process ..................................................................................... 41 4.3 Composite Risk/Hazard Assessment ........................................................................ 42 4.4 Community Risk/Hazard Assessments ..................................................................... 44 4.5 Community Hazard/Risk Descriptions ..................................................................... 53 4.5.1 Central Fire Protection Districts ................................................................... 53 4.6 Grand Junction
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