National Policy Framework on Alternative Fuels in Transport

Inter-Ministry Group for the Coordination of the National Policy Framework on Alternative Fuels in Transport NATIONAL POLICY FRAMEWORK ON ALTERNATIVE FUELS IN TRANSPORT DEVELOPING THE MARKET AND ESTABLISHING SUPPLY INFRASTRUCTURE IN COMPLIANCE WITH DIRECTIVE 2014/94/EU OF THE EUROPEAN PARLIAMENT AND OF THE COUNCIL OF 22 OCTOBER 2014. 14 OCTOBER 2016 Coordinated by the Secretariat-General for Industry and SMEs Chair of the Inter-Ministry Group Inter-Ministry Group for the Coordination of the National Policy Framework on Alternative Fuels in Transport TABLE OF CONTENTS I. INTRODUCTION ................................................................................................................................. 7 I.1. DIRECTIVE 2014/94/EU ...................................................................................................... 7 I.2. BACKGROUND ..................................................................................................................... 8 I.3. DRAWING UP THIS NATIONAL POLICY FRAMEWORK ............................................................. 11 II. ALTERNATIVE FUELS IN THE TRANSPORT SECTOR ............................................................................ 14 II.1. NATURAL GAS ................................................................................................................... 14 II.2. ELECTRICITY ..................................................................................................................... 18 II.3. LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS .............................................................................................. 20 II.4. HYDROGEN ....................................................................................................................... 22 II.5. BIOFUELS.......................................................................................................................... 25 III. ROAD TRANSPORT .......................................................................................................................... 31 III.1. NATURAL GAS ................................................................................................................... 31 III.1.1. INTRODUCTION ................................................................................................ 31 III.1.2. CURRENT SITUATION ....................................................................................... 34 III.1.3. MARKET FORECASTS AND OBJECTIVES ............................................................. 41 III.2. ELECTRICITY ..................................................................................................................... 44 III.2.1. INTRODUCTION ................................................................................................ 44 III.2.2. CURRENT SITUATION ....................................................................................... 47 III.2.3. MARKET FORECASTS AND OBJECTIVES ............................................................. 57 III.3. LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS .............................................................................................. 61 III.3.1. INTRODUCTION ................................................................................................ 61 III.3.2. CURRENT SITUATION ....................................................................................... 63 III.3.3. MARKET FORECASTS AND OBJECTIVES ............................................................. 69 III.4. HYDROGEN ....................................................................................................................... 70 III.4.1. INTRODUCTION ................................................................................................ 70 III.4.2. CURRENT SITUATION ....................................................................................... 72 III.4.3. MARKET FORECASTS AND OBJECTIVES ............................................................. 75 III.5. BIOFUELS.......................................................................................................................... 76 III.5.1. INTRODUCTION ................................................................................................ 76 III.5.2. CURRENT SITUATION ....................................................................................... 78 III.5.3. MARKET FORECASTS AND OBJECTIVES ............................................................. 80 III.6. MEASURES AT NATIONAL LEVEL ......................................................................................... 83 III.7. AUTONOMOUS COMMUNITY AND LOCAL MEASURES ........................................................... 111 IV. SEA TRANSPORT ........................................................................................................................... 124 IV.1. NATURAL GAS ................................................................................................................. 124 IV.1.1. INTRODUCTION .............................................................................................. 124 IV.1.2. CURRENT SITUATION ..................................................................................... 131 IV.1.3. MARKET FORECASTS AND OBJECTIVES ........................................................... 136 TABLE OF CONTENTS PAGE I Inter-Ministry Group for the Coordination of the National Policy Framework on Alternative Fuels in Transport TABLE OF CONTENTS IV.1.4. MEASURES .................................................................................................... 143 IV.2. ELECTRICITY ................................................................................................................... 149 IV.2.1. CURRENT SITUATION ..................................................................................... 149 IV.2.2. MARKET FORECASTS AND OBJECTIVES ........................................................... 154 IV.2.3. MEASURES .................................................................................................... 155 V. AIR TRANSPORT ............................................................................................................................ 159 V.1. ELECTRICITY ................................................................................................................... 159 V.1.1. INTRODUCTION .............................................................................................. 159 V.1.2. CURRENT SITUATION ..................................................................................... 159 V.1.3. MARKET FORECASTS AND OBJECTIVES ........................................................... 162 TABLE OF CONTENTS PAGE II Inter-Ministry Group for the Coordination of the National Policy Framework on Alternative Fuels in Transport INDEX OF TABLES Table I-1. Main uses of alternative fuels by means of transport ............................................................................... 7 Table II-1. Approximate range of CNG and LNG engines running exclusively on gas ........................................... 14 Table II-2. LPG consumption in Spain (2010-2015) ............................................................................................... 21 Table II-3. Gross output (2011-2015) and foreign trade in LPG ( 2010-2015) ....................................................... 22 Table III-1. Estimated consumption of natural gas in road transport (2008-2015) ................................................. 32 Table III-2. Main characteristics of LNG and CNG vehicles ................................................................................... 33 Table III-3. CNG and LNG vehicles on the roads (December 2012-June 2016) .................................................... 34 Table III-4. Registrations of new CNG and LNG vehicles (2012-June 2016) ......................................................... 35 Table III-5. Natural gas vehicles manufactured in Spain as at September 2016 .................................................... 37 Table III-6. Mixed LNG/CNG refuelling stations accessible to the public by province as at June 2016 ................. 38 Table III-7. LNG-only refuelling stations accessible to the public by province as at June 2016 ............................. 39 Table III-8. CNG-only refuelling stations accessible to the public by province as at June 2016 ............................. 39 Table III-9. Natural gas refuelling stations under construction or awaiting opening to the public as at June 2016 .................................................................................................................................................. 40 Table III-10. Opportunities presented by the use of natural gas in road transport ................................................. 41 Table III-11. Main characteristics of electric vehicles ............................................................................................. 46 Table III-12. Electric vehicles (BEVs, EREVs and PHEVs) on the roads (December 2011-June 2016) ................ 48 Table III-13. Registrations of new electric vehicles(BEVs, EREVs and PHEVs) (2011-June 2016) ....................... 49 Table III-14. Quadricycles and commercial vehicles manufactured in Spain in September 2016 .......................... 50 Table III-15. Charging points operated by charge operators by province as at 1 July 2016 .................................. 53 Table III-16. Existing charge points by type of premises as at June 2016 ............................................................

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