Index

Aarseth, Espen, 91 Boyle, James, 128, 148 Account banning, 47, 137, 139–143 Brand identity, 140, 159 Account sharing, 47 Bryce, Jo, 101 Achievers, 78 Bryson, Mary, 101 Adams, Ernest, 115 Buffs, 35, 58 Advertising, 119–122 Allakhazam, 8, 57, 81, 104, 116 Caillois, Roger, 88 Alphaworld, 25 Callon, Michel, 65 Akrich, Madeline, 122 Carr, Diane, 101 Anablepophobia, 70 Cassell, Justine, 99, 123 Appropriation, 143–145 Castronova, Edward, 153, 169n38, Art Web site, 57 173n16 Asheron’s Call, 94 Casual players, 70, 72 Aspnes, James, 23 Centralization, 62–65 Auctioning, 4, 130–136 Champions of Norrath, 162 Avatar, 12, 15, 96, 110–112, 114, Cheating, 71, 78, 90, 158 117–119. See also Embodiment City of Heroes, 129, 173n1 Class dependency, 86, 107. See also Babes of Norrath calendar, 121 Interdependence Banks, John, 145 Classes, 13 Barbie Fashion Designer, 99, 108 Cocreative. See Productive players. Bartle, Richard, 22, 69, 78 Collaboration, 83. See also Interdepen- Basi, Mindy Miron, 166n6 dence Bazaar, 62 Collective intelligence, 81 Bhabha, Homi, 115 Collective knowledge, 45, 81–84 Blacksnow Interactive, 174 Collective resources, 46 Boundary, 151–154 Combat, 108–109 objects, 162 Commercialization, 125–128 of the game, 84 Communication. See In-game, commu- Bowens, Cindy, 5 nication Bowker, Geoff, 162 Community of practice, 32 194 Index

Company town, 147 EverQuest 2, 162 Competition, 102 EverQuest Online Adventures, 162 Contextualization, 35, 52, 157158 Experience (with games), 76–79 Coombe, Rosemary, 127–129 Exploration, 97–98 Cooperation, 32–34, 38, 42, 50 Copyright, 127–130 Fairheart, Safka, 142 Corpse, 33, 46 Families, 43, 52–55 Cosgrove, Rosie, 112 Fan art, 105 CounterStrike, 51 Fan Faire, 1–8 Csikszentmihalyi, Mihaly, 90 Fan fiction, 139–145 Cunningham, Helen, 108 Farmer, F. Randall, 25, 136 Customizing, 137–138. See also Femininity, 97, 99–102, 107–108, 113 Keymaps Flow, 90 Friend command, 39 Dark Age of Camelot, 77, 174n4 Fuller, Mary, 98 De Castell, Suzanne, 101 Fun, 70, 88–92 De Peuter, Greig, 145 Funk, Jeanne B., 122 Design, 33, 38–41, 58–65, 102, 109 Diablo, 26 Gambling, 63 Dibbell, Julian, 89 Gems, 85 Digital Millennium Copyright Act, 128 Gemstone II, 130 DIKU MUD, 144 Gender, 5, 13, 73, 93–125. See also Femi- Dreamscape, 25 ninity Dungeons & Dragons (D&D), 21, 24, 52, Geography, 60 77, 144 Gift giving, 59–60 Dyer-Witheford, Nick, 145 Girl games. See Pink games Gnutella, 129 East Commonlands, 63 Goal setting, 75–76, 102 eBay, 4, 130–136 Gorman, James, 53 Edmonds, Lisa, 110 Graffe’s Wizard Compilation Web site, 57 Efficiency, 73–75 Graner Ray, Sheri, 118, 119, 121 EQ Atlas website, 57, 84 Grief play, 35–36, 50–52, 158 EQ Emu, 139 Grinding, 76 EQ Macros, 137 Groups, 36–40, 42 EQ Necro website, 57 Guild Summit, 149–150 EQ Windows, 79, 137 Guilds, 40, 43–48, 87–88 Embodiment, 11, 109, 117–119. See also Avatar Habitat, 24, 26 Emulator. See EQEmu Hayot, Eric, 114 End User License Agreement (EULA), 47, Hierarchy, 45–46, 49 125, 134, 137, 174n4 Hills, Matt, 82, 143 Erudites, 114 Hine, Christine, 16, 47 Index 195

Horrell, Kristy R., 97, 101 Kinder, Marsha, 102 Hughes, Linda, 52, 157 Klein, Naomi, 127 Huizinga, Johan, 89 Kline, Stephen, 145 Humor websites, 35, 57 Kolbert, Elizabeth, 26 Humphreys, Sal, 145 Kordama, 111 Hunter, Dan, 134 Kosak, Dave, 145 Hypersexualization, 110–113, 118 Koster, Raph, 51, 150, 160 Krotoski, Aleks, 93 “I” design methodology, 123 Identity, 50, 95–97, 103, 117 Laber, Emily, 94 Imagined user, 112, 123 Lastowka, F. Greg, 134 In-game Laurel, Brenda, 99, 122 communication, 36, 39, 42 Law, John, 158 economy, 59, 63–65, 131 Lessig, Lawrence, 128, 148 friendships. See Guilds, Social Networks, Let’s Talk about Me, 99 Socializing and socialization Levy, Pierre, 81 marriage, 54 Looking for group (LFG) tool, 39 Individualism, 48 Lineage, 32 Instancing, 170n40 Linux, 79 Instrumental action, 45, 73–75, 88–92 Littleton, Karen, 93, 101 Intellectual property, 127–136, 139–149, Live Quest, 5–7 147–148 Lord, Shawn, 62 Interdependence, 38, 46, 49, 58–62, 85–87. See also Collaboration Magic circle, 88–90, 151–152, 158 Intergenerational play, 52–54, 56 Marketing. See Advertising Invisibility of women gamers, 113 Marks, Robert B., 40, 62 Islands of Kesmai, 130 Mastery, 102–106 Isolation, 80–81 McDonough, Jerome, 112 McQuaid, Brad, 38, 40, 109, 111–112, Jakobsson, Mikael, 17, 41, 84 114, 122, 132 Jenkins, Henry, 81, 98, 99, 123, 141, 154, Meridien 59, 26 173n19 Methodology, 6, 11–19, 165n1 Jenkins, Peter, 147 Mobility, 61–62 Jennings, Scott, 142 Morningstar, Chip, 25, 136 Juul, Jesper, 89, 102 Morris, Sue, 159 Mortensen, Torill, 91 Kang, Jerry, 172 Moyer, Jeff, 104 Keegan, Martin, 23 Mulligan, Jessica, 38, 130, 136, 148 Kendall, Lori, 4, 14 Multiple characters, 50 Kennedy, Helen, 101, 111, 122, 123 Multiuser dungeon (MUD), 21–24, 126 Kerr, Aphra, 101 MUD1, 22 Keymaps, 77. See also Customizing MUD, object-oriented (MOO), 23 196 Index

Mundane technology, 152 Reputation, 36, 43–46, 131 Mystere, 139–142 Responsibility, 47–48, 88 Role-playing, 30, 58, 72 Napster, 129 Rommes, Els, 123 Nepenthia, 143 Rutter, Jason, 101 Nintendo Game Boy, 119 Salen, Katie, 89, 151 Offline Schott, Gareth R., 97, 101, 119 friends, 43, 52, 84–85 Second Life, 125, 146 meeting, 54, 56, 67–68 Server community, 44 versus online, 5, 6, 18, 96–97, 153–154 Server identification, 3, 5 Ondrejka, Cory, 146 Sherman, Sharon, 103 Onlive! Traveler, 26 Show EQ, 79, 138 Oudshoorn, Nelly, 123 Signature (.sig) files, 103–106 Simon, Bart, 156 Palace, The, 26 Sims, The, 145 Participatory culture. See Productive Sims Online, The, 125, 126 players Smedley, John, 131, 140, 161, 175n6 Patrovsky, Bridgette, 38, 136, 148 Social networks, 36, 49, 80, 87 Pfister, Robert, 146 Socializing and socialization, 32, 35, 42, Pink games, 98–102, 122 94–95, 107 Pizer, Patricia, 94 Star, Susan Leigh, 162 Plane of Knowledge, 61–62 Star Wars Galaxies, 77, 126, 160 Play as work, 88 Status, 44, 49, 82, 102–106 Player rights, 150 Steinkuehler, Constance, 32 Player types, 69 Stephenson, Neal, 26, 160 Polsky, Allyson, 117 Stienstra, Marcelle, 123 Populopolis, 25 Subscriber base, 21 Porting, 60–62 Sutton-Smith, Brian, 89 Postigo, Hector, 145 Synnott, Anthony, 117 Power gamers, 67–92 Productive players, 126–127, 133, Team sports, 100, 106–109 136–143, 145–146, 155–156 Technical skill, 79–80 Professional players, 90, 171 Terranova, Tiziana, 146 Public space, 127–130, 160 TinyMUD, 23 Purple Moon, 99 Title IX, 106 Pursglove, Kevin, 132 Tolkien, J. R. R., 143 Tomb Raider, 94, 110 Quest for Antonia competition, 121 Toon Town, 126 Trains, 34–35 Race, representation of, 113–116 Transmedia, 162 Race, types within the game, 12 Trost, Bill, 144 Raids, 37, 40–41 Trubshaw, Roy, 22 Index 197

Trust, 46–47, 64 Turkle, Sherry, 95 Tushnet, Rebecca, 134, 141, 144, 148 Two-boxing, 67, 79

Ultima Online, 26, 89, 94

Vinge, Vernor, 26 Violence, 108 Virtual property, 132, 134. See also Auctioning Virtual Reality Markup Language (VRML), 26 Virtual world history, 21–28 VZones, 25

Web communities, 57. See also Web sites Web sites, 15, 57–58, 74, 81, 103–106, 126, 139 Wesp, Edward, 114 White, Stephen 23 Williams, Patricia, 110 World of Warcraft, 125, 138, 161 Worldness, 24, 28, 32, 97, 117 Wright, Kathryn, 118 Wrinn, Gordon, 94, 140

Yahoo!, 130 Yates, Simeon J., 93, 101 Yee, Nick, 167n12, 168n26, 169n31, 172n13 Yell command, 33 Yohoho! Puzzle Pirates, 94

Zaffron, Andrew, 140 Zimmerman, Eric, 89, 151