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Groundwater Management Plan for the Susquehanna River Basin

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Groundwater Management Plan for the Susquehanna River Basin Drought Conditions 2002 GROUNDWATER MANAGEMENT PLAN FOR THE SUSQUEHANNA RIVER BASIN June 2005 Publication No. 236 Average Conditions 2004 Average Conditions 2004 SUSQUEHANNA RIVER BASIN COMMISSION Paul O. Swartz, Executive Director Vacant, N.Y. Commissioner Kenneth P. Lynch, N.Y. Alternate Commissioner Scott J. Foti., N.Y. Alternate Commissioner/Advisor Kathleen A. McGinty, Pa. Commissioner Cathy Curan Myers, Pa. Alternate Commissioner William A. Gast, Pa. Alternate Commissioner/Advisor Kendl P. Philbrick, Md. Commissioner Doctor Robert M. Summers, Md. Alternate Commissioner Matthew G. Pajerowski, Md. Alternate Commissioner/Advisor Brigadier General Merdith W.B. Temple, U.S. Commissioner Colonel Robert J. Davis, Jr., U.S. Alternate Commissioner Colonel Francis X. Kosich, U.S. Alternate Commissioner The Susquehanna River Basin Commission was created as an independent agency by a federal-interstate compact* among the states of Maryland, New York, Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, and the federal government. In creating the Commission, the Congress and state legislatures formally recognized the water resources of the Susquehanna River Basin as a regional asset vested with local, state, and national interests for which all the parties share responsibility. As the single federal-interstate water resources agency with basinwide authority, the Commission's goal is to effect coordinated planning, conservation, management, utilization, development and control of basin water resources among the government and private sectors. *Statutory Citations: Federal - Pub. L. 91-575, 84 Stat. 1509 (December 1970); Maryland - Natural Resources Sec. 8-301 (Michie 1974); New York - ECL Sec. 21-1301 (McKinney 1973); and Pennsylvania - 32 P.S. 820.1 (Supp. 1976). This report is posted on the Susquehanna River Basin Commission's website at www.srbc.net under Policies, Guidances, Regulations & Planning. For copies of the report on CD Rom or hardcopy, contact the Susquehanna River Basin Commission, by e-mail at [email protected] or by mail to 1721 North Front Street, Harrisburg, PA 17102- 2391, (717) 238-0423, FAX (717) 238-2436. ii TABLE OF CONTENTS EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ..........................................................................................................................v 1.0 INTRODUCTION .................................................................................................................................1 1.1 Background Information.....................................................................................................1 1.2 Purpose and Objectives.......................................................................................................2 1.3 Scope...................................................................................................................................3 1.4 Existing Groundwater Conditions.......................................................................................3 1.4.1 Aquifers .................................................................................................................5 1.4.2 Climate...................................................................................................................5 1.4.3 Physiography .........................................................................................................5 1.4.4 Groundwater Quality.............................................................................................6 1.4.5 Groundwater Use and Availability ........................................................................6 1.5 Management and Regulatory Programs..............................................................................6 1.5.1 Federal Government..............................................................................................6 1.5.2 Susquehanna River Basin Commission .................................................................7 1.5.3 New York State......................................................................................................7 1.5.4 Commonwealth of Pennsylvania ...........................................................................7 1.5.5 State of Maryland...................................................................................................8 1.5.6 Local Governments................................................................................................8 1.5.7 Watershed Organizations.......................................................................................8 1.6 Management Principles and Tools......................................................................................8 1.6.1 Management Principles..........................................................................................8 1.6.2 Resource Evaluation............................................................................................10 1.6.3 Regulatory Program.............................................................................................11 1.6.4 Public Outreach and Education............................................................................12 2.0 GROUNDWATER RESOURCE ISSUES, PROBLEMS, AND RECOMMENDATIONS...............13 2.1 Issue: Areas of Intense Growth and Development, and Consequent Water Resource Development.....................................................................................................................16 2.2 Issue: Intensive Water Use in Small Basins ....................................................................23 2.3 Issue: Watershed “Transfers” ..........................................................................................25 2.4 Issue: Loss of “Clean” Water Input to AMD-Impacted Streams.....................................26 2.5 Issue: Unknown and Unregulated Groundwater Use.......................................................28 2.6 Issue: Scarcity of Clean Water in Coal-Mined Areas......................................................29 2.7 Issue: Drought Impact to Base Flow................................................................................30 2.8 Issue: Impacts of Mining .................................................................................................31 2.9 Issue: Flow Compensation for Consumptive Water Uses ...............................................34 3.0 MANAGEMENT ISSUES AND RECOMMENDATIONS ...............................................................35 3.1 Issue: Multi-Agency Coordination ..................................................................................35 3.2 Issue: Changes to Water Resource Utilization Over Time ..............................................36 3.3 Issue: Regulatory Duplication..........................................................................................37 3.4 Issue: Increased Knowledge About Groundwater as a Resource.....................................38 3.5 Issue: Plan Performance and Accountability ...................................................................40 3.6 Issue: Review and Update of the Plan .............................................................................41 3.7 Issue: Funding to Implement the Plan .............................................................................41 4.0 SUPPORT PROGRAMS AND RECOMMENDATIONS..................................................................43 4.1 Issue: Protection of Groundwater Sources of Supply and Aquifers ................................43 4.2 Issue: Water Use and Availability Information ...............................................................45 4.3 Issue: Well Requirements ................................................................................................46 4.4 Issue: Assessment of State/Federal Groundwater Programs and Program Coordination .....................................................................................................................49 5.0 THE MANAGEMENT PLAN.............................................................................................................49 iii 6.0 IMPLEMENTATION OF THE MANAGEMENT PLAN..................................................................51 6.1 Roles and Responsibilities................................................................................................51 6.2 Prioritization of Actions and Schedule .............................................................................52 6.3 Costs .................................................................................................................................70 6.4 Major Issues......................................................................................................................70 6.5 Public Review of the Plan.................................................................................................71 6.6 Future Review and Revision of the Plan...........................................................................72 7.0 CONCLUSIONS..................................................................................................................................73 GLOSSARY OF TERMS...........................................................................................................................75 REFERENCES ..........................................................................................................................................79 FIGURES Figure 1.1. Susquehanna River Basin.......................................................................................................4 Figure 2.1. Potentially Stressed Areas and Water Challenged
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