The Arts and Sciences of Judo, Volume 1, No 1, 2021 P.1 The Arts and Sciences of Judo, Volume 1, No 1, 2021 „The Arts and Sciences of Judo“ An International Interdisciplinary journal Volume 1, No 1, 2021; ISSN 2788-5208 EDITOR-IN-CHIEF Sanda Čorak, IJF Scientific Committee EDITORIAL ADVISORY BOARD Marius L. Vizer, IJF president Mohamed Meridja, IJF Sceintific Committee Envic Galea, IJF Scientific Committee and IJF Academy Tibor Kozsla, IJF Scientific Committee and IJF Academy Daniel F. Lascau, IJF Scientific Committee and IJF Academy Shinji Hosokawa, IJF Scientific Committee EDITORIAL REVIEW BOARD: Hrvoje Sertić, University of Zagreb, Faculty of Kinesiology, Croatia; Attilio Sacripanti, University of Tor Vergata, Italy; Emanuela Pierantozzi, University of Genoa, School of Excercise and Sport Sciences, Italy; Emerson Franchini, University of Sao Paulo, Brazil; Michel Calmet, University of Montpellier, Faculty of Sport Sciences, France; Michel Brousse, University of Bordeaux, Faculty of Sport Sciences, France; Elena Pocecco, Univer- sity of Innsbruck, Department of Sport Science, Austria; Jose Morales Aznar, Ramon Llull University, Faculty of Sport Sciences, Spain; Lisa Allan, International Judo Federation, UK; Akitoschi Sogabe, Konan University, Education & Re- search Center for Sport & Science, Japan; Wieslaw Blach, University of Physical Education Wroclaw, Department of Sports Didactics, Poland; Takanori Ishii, Ryotokuji University, Urayasu, Japan; Mike Callan, University of Hertforshire, Department of Psychology and Sport Sciences, UK; Luis Fernandes Monteiro, Faculty of Physical Education and Sport, Lusofona univeristy, Lisbon, Portugal. AIMS AND SCOPE: “The Arts and Sciences of Judo” (ASJ) is a newly established international interdisciplinary journal of the IJF Academy and the International Judo Federation (IJF). It is a research journal that welcomes submissions re- lated to all aspects of judo – kinesiology, psychology, economy, marketing and management, history, arts, technology, communication sciences and all other related fields. It is an international platform for presentation of innovative research and scholarly works and for expressing opinions and views on the development of judo, giving a significant contribution to an understanding of the theory and practice of judo. In that way “The Arts and Sciences of Judo” serves as a reference source for education, but it also offers possibilities for exchange of ideas and keeping up with the latest developments in judo. ASJ publishes academic papers (original scientific papers, preliminary communications, and review papers) and research notes, professional papers and critical reviews on relevant topics. All submitted manuscripts are subject to initial appraisal by the Editor, and, if found suitable for further consideration, to peer review by at least two anonymous expert reviewers. PUBLICATION POLICY: The IJF Academy and the International Judo Federation (IJF) support open access policy that enables everyone to access the knowledge on judo and all its aspects through published research papers and other contributions. As costs of publishing are covered by the publisher (IJF Academy and IJF), ASJ does not charge any fees to authors for submission or publishing their papers. Full texts is available free of charge on IJF website and IJF Academy website. The ASJ editorial policy strongly encourages research integrity, respect of human rights, respect of personal data and supports ethics in conducting research and academic communication. The ASJ is committed to peer-review integrity and upholding the highest standards of review. Copyright: authors retain ownership of the copyright for their publications if the original work published in the ASJ is properly cited. Submiting to the „Arts and Sciences of Judo“ – Interdisciplinary journal of the IJF: For more information about the journal and guidance on how to submit, please see www.ijf.org Publisher: IJF Academy Foundation (Malta, Ta Xbiex) Co-publisher: International Judo Federation (IJF) Layout: Nicolas Messner, IJF Media Front page: Niel Eckersley P.2 The Arts and Sciences of Judo, Volume 1, No 1, 2021 Foreword We often say that judo is more than a sport. It is also an artful way to live, just as much as a scientific approach to life. Since judo was created by Jigoro Kano Shihan in 1882 in Japan, our sport has been evolving to constantly adapt to the changes of our society, while keeping rooted deep in its genome, values that make it more modern today than ever. This first edition of ‘The Arts and Sciences of Judo’ is a perfect illustration of this double ancho- ring in the tradition of an ancestral art and in contemporary modernity. Thanks to the meticu- lous and patient work of Sanda Čorak, Editor-in-Chief, under the umbrella of the IJF Scientific Marius VIZER Committee and IJF Academy, this journal has come to life. I would like to thank her and all IJF President those who contributed to this achievement. I would also like to congratulate all the researchers, whose scientific work inside and outside the dojo contributes to giving meaning to our quest for a better society. I am sure that reading this first issue will provide many answers to some of your questions and that it will allow you to raise new ones, which will, without a doubt, open up new fields of investigation. Being able to offer a documented approach to judo is essential, as the sectors covered by the development of our sport are vast. We can be proud of the work we have in hand and proud of the values that judo conveys. As a former judoka, involved in judo for many years and working as a scientific researcher, I have always been fascinated by Jigoro Kano. He founded judo as a modern Olympic sport, at the end of the 19th century, through a detailed process of research around traditional combat forms. From a very young age he decided to use and study all available sources of knowledge and that process led him to create an innovative sport system and philosophy of judo. Sanda Čorak In more recent times, researchers in judo, as academic scholars, have skills, knowledge and Editor-in-Chief opportunities to conduct research in different aspects of judo, aiming to contribute to improve- ment in all fields. Their work, in the form of scholarly works (scientific papers) are published in numerous kinesiology journals but not often available to many judoka. My intention when establishing the ‘Arts and Sciences of Judo’ (ASJ) is to bring together re- search from the judo community and collate their results and suggested practical implications. The aim of the ASJ journal is to become an important source of information for all those that would like to learn more about judo: judo students at the kinesiology faculties, those attending IJF Academy courses and seminars or simply to all judo fans. As it is multidisciplinary, the journal can initiate judo research networks, conferences and project partnerships in specific research fields. In the contemporary, competitive world of sports, judo has to make an effort to build upon its traditional values and pave ways to always progress and strive for excellence. The ASJ is offering plenty of possibilities for everyone to express and share opinion and make the judo world even more prominent within the wider sporting community. I would like to take the opportunity to thank the IJF President, Mr. Vizer, for always supporting my work, IJF Academy head, Mr. Galea, who recognised the values of the journal and many collea- gues at the Editorial board who helped me and advised me in the process of establishing the journal. My gratitude also goes to Ms. Grace Goulding and Ms. Jo Crowley for prooreading all the articles and Mr. Messner who gave the final touch in designing the journal layout as well as Mr. Eckersley whose art work is just perfect for presenting the complexity and beauty of judo. P.3 The Arts and Sciences of Judo, Volume 1, No 1, 2021 Table of contents Gender and Perspectives on Training and Techniques: Analyses of the System of Attacks in Standing up Position By Michel Calmet, Emanuela Pierantozzi .......................................................... p.6 Importance of Neck Muscle Strength in Resisting Neck Extension During Backwards Ukemi By akeshi Kamitani; Yohei Otaka; Natsuko Onidani; Kosei Inoue; Stuart Miller; Nikos G. Malliaropoulos, Masaki Omiya .......................................................... p.14 The Judo Moral Code or the Western “Re-Japanisation” of Modern Judo By Michel Brousse ........................................................................... p.21 Development of Judo Research The History of the Scientific Method By Mike Callan. p.30 High-Intensity Interval Training in Judo Uchi-komi Fundamentals and Practical Recommendations By Emerson Franchini ........................................................................ p.35 Impact of Foot Deformation on Balance of Young Judoka By Marija Martina Žanetić, Ivan Segedi, Dominik Žanetić, Hrvoje Sertić ................................. p.46 Comparison of Unsuccessfully Performed Throwing Techniques Between Male and Female Judo Competitors By Husnija Kajmović ......................................................................... p.51 The Contribution of Judo to the Development of Key Cognitive Skills Needed in Contemporary Society By Patrícia Mattos Taveira do Amaral and Caio Amaral Gabriel. p.60 Blood Lactate Response in Two Different Methodological Proposals of Judo Training By By José Alfredo Olívio Junior; Antonio Carlos Tavares Junior;