Sheep pox in 2013

Brussels, 13 Mar 2014 Tsviatko Alexandrov SGP history

Bulgaria

Affected regions and Turkey Greece outbreaks in 1974

Affected regions and Bulgaria outbreaks in 1995 - 1996

Turkey Most of the outbreaks were due Greece to illegal animal movements 4 SGP outbreaks in Bulgaria in 2013

Preparation of the documents 4 for the financial loses and 1 2 reimbursement from EU 3

Susceptible Affected Culled and Outbreak Type Date sheep goats sheep destroyed 1. Stoilovo primary 19.09.13 38 74 7 112 2. 1 primary 04.10.13 225 2 16 227 3. Kochan 2 secondary 18.10.13 248 15 2 263 4. Choba primary 05.12.13 85 0 15 85 Measures related to the epidemiological situation in Thrace • Since the beginning of August 2013 enforced and regular clinical surveillance in the areas along the Turkish and Geek borders based on the Sheep pox Surveillance area outbreaks in Thrace; Bulgaria • FMD, S&G pox, PPR control in Thrace, BG/GR/TR/EuFMD program; Turkey • Ban for animal movements in the 10 km zone around Dikaia; Greece • Enforced control on animal movements and pastures; • Ban on animal markets in the Sheep pox outbreaks 1 Jan – 18 Sep 2013, ADNS areas along the Turkish and parts of the Greek borders; • Raising awareness Settlements in 3 Herds, n Sheep, n Goats, n Total &10 km zone K. Andreevo 44 302 92 438 Generalovo 6 111 2 119 Chernodab 1 64 13 78 Novo Selo 23 263 48 334 Sviilengrad 43 1530 195 1768 R. Mogila 42 113 144 299 Dimitrovche 45 41 230 271 Dimitrios Dilaveris Shtit 19 267 84 370 Grand total 223 2691 808 3677 Bulgaria

Measures related to the outbreak in Turkey Dikaia, Greece

Greece Turkey Greece

• Date of suspicion: the ID of the herd Sheep, n Goats, n Sheep with clinical signs on 21 Sep, n evening of 19 Sep 5 (3 of them were sampled on 19 Sep 1 8359-0033 8 2 2013 and tested positive by PCR 2 8359-0070 9 8 2 • Date of laboratory 3 8359-0089 19 23 - confirmation: 20 Sep 4 8359-0019 2 1 - • Stamping out of all Common 5 herd of 8 - 40 - susceptible animals owners on 21 Sep Grand total 38 74 7

Sheep skin with generalized sheep pox lesions. Electron micrograph of an ultrathin section of a papula. Many capripox virus particles within the cytoplasm of an infected dermal cell. Uranyl acetate - lead citrate staining. Sheep skin with generalized sheep pox lesions. “Sheep-pox cells” with acidophilic inclusion bodies within the cytoplasm (arrows). Hematoxylin-eosin staining. Ob. 100X. Bulgaria

Turkey

Settlement in the 10 km Herds, n Sheep, n Goats, n total • Standstill; surveillance zone • Clinical examinations Brashlian - - - - Kalovo 1 41 55 96 on daily basis; Zabernovo 5 22 128 150 • Ban of movement of Malko Tarnovo 43 603 198 801 animals and products Grand total 49 666 381 1047 there of; New outbreaks (2, 3) of Sheep pox in Southwest Bulgaria • The afternoon of 4 Oct – clinical signs of Sheep pox in 16 sheep in a herd of 225 sheep and 2 goats in Kochanovo, , Blagoevgrad; • Diagnosis confirmed by NRL on 5 Oct • Veterinary teams on the spot – eradication measures (stamping out) • Secondary outbreak detected on 18 Oct

Bulgaria

Greece

Settlements, n Sheep & Goats herds 3 km protection zone 3 21 10 km surveillance zone 14 80 The South border regions of Burgas, Yambol, Haskovo, Kardjaly, Smolyan and Blagoevgrad: • Regular clinical examinations • Ban of susceptible animal movements, except for immediate slaughter • Ban of markets for sheep and goats • Raised information campaigns and awareness Outbreak 4: Sheep farm in Choba, Plovdiv region Settlement Herds, n Sheep, n Goats, n total Settlement in the 3 km protection zone Tshoba 37 270 114 384 Settlements in the 10 km surveillance zone A. Located in Plovdiv region

Otec Kirilovo 19 703 45 748 Brezovo 56 205 160 365 Tyrkmen 15 167 106 273 • Susceptible : 85 sheep Bolyarino 6 611 101 712 • Affected: 15 B. Located in Stara Zagora region • Date of suspicion: 04/12/2013 Pravoslaven 2 180 80 260 • Date of confirmation: 05/12/2013 Veren 2 60 40 100 • Start of the infection: 02/12/2013 Bratya daskalovi 4 370 137 507 • Date of culling and burial: 08/12/2013 Granit 1 47 14 61 • Probable source of the infection: Opalchenets 1 1 3 4 illegal animal movement Malak dol 5 6 63 69 Grand total 148 2620 863 3483 Control measures

Protection and surveillance zones: • Standstill • Clinical examinations on daily basis • Ban on movement of susceptible animals and products thereof Protection and surveillance zones for outbreak 4 lifted on 22.01.2014

Plovdiv and Stara Zagora regions and the South border regions of Burgas, Yambol, Haskovo, Kardjaly, Smolyan and Blagoevgrad: • Regular clinical examinations • Enforced animal movement control • Raised information campaigns and awareness

Possible sources of infection?

Outbreak 1 Outbreak 2 Outbreak 3 Outbreak 4 Stoilovo Kochan 1 Kochan 2 Choba • Refugees? • Illegal animal • Direct contact • Illegal • Illegal animal movements? with animals movements of movements? • Products? from outbreak 2 animals and • Other indirect • Indirect products transfers? transfers? thereof? • Insects? • Insects? • Wildlife?

Acknowledgements: Dimitrios Dilaveris and the Greek colleagues, Nicolas Krieger, Alf Fuessel and EC, EuFMD, NRL for Sheep pox in Sofia, all official vets implementing the surveillance and control measures along the border……

Thank you for the attention!

Bulgarian Food Safety Agency, Animal Health & Welfare Directorate http://babh.government.bg/ ; e-mail: [email protected] ;  00359 2 915 98 42