Corrosion News 20202020

Cost shared R&D in our member programs

Testbeds for extensive field- and accelerated testing

How accreditation gives you an advantage

Effective research in Joint Insdustrial Projects

1 Index EDITORIAL, SEPTEMBER 2020 Corrosion control for a sustainable future

In 2019’s editorial, I talked about how fast our economic and technical frontiers. Even in times of 10 society was developing and at the same time travel restrictions and confinement, we need to Solutions for greater sustainability how its vulnerability has increased, thinking find new ways to develop our networks, exchange in the automotive industry mostly about threats of climate change and global and collaborate. In this issue of Corrosion News, warming at that time. we have chosen to put a special focus on our Well, we all have been clearly reminded during member programs (MRC – member research 2020 about how fragile our society is. Even if consortia), which allow broad collaborative work environmental threats have not been in focus in specific corrosion sectors. Presently we have 12 MRC Soil Corrosion for safer 16 9 the last few months, it is only due to a more acute MRC’s, half led from and half from France. infrastructure New aerospace materials problem which needs to be solved immediately. MRC Corrosion in the pulp and paper 17 require defined test procedures However, an increased number of events such We apply knowledge in practice industry as extreme weather, ice melting etc. shows an Another extremely important aspect of our work MRC Coil Coated Materials for 18 increased need to act in the very near future. is to apply our knowledge in practice for testing tomorrow’s prepainted metals Few things have been business-as-usual during and approving materials and products, solving Corrosion control for a circular future 3 MRC Marine Corrosion 20 the Covid-19 pandemic, but one exception is issues both within industry and society. In this A global partner 4 MRC on application of stainless 21 corrosion. issue we also present some recent cases related to History and location 5 materials in biorefinery processes these aspects. Finally, you will also read about our new organisation, our competences and testing Our way of working 6 MRC Surface Technology 22 For a sustainable society “Rust never sleeps” is not only a cult rock album capabilities, as well as current initiatives to be 12 MRC´s offering cost-shared R&D 8 from the late seventies, it also literally describes launched during the autumn 2020 and 2021. MRC Aerospace defines new tests 9 the continuous effect of corrosion, no matter I hope you will find this issue of Corrosion MRC Automotive Corrosion for 10 8 testbeds for innovation, testing and 24 which pandemic, economic or environmental crisis News interesting and inspiring. Should you find greater sustainability verification we are going through. Corrosion leads to very any article of particular interest, please contact MRC Oil and Gas for H2S related 12 Testbed Marine offers unique 28 large and often unexpected costs, but in addition us for more information. If you pass by , corrosion possibilities to the economical aspect, corrosion damage can Brest, Borås or St-Etienne, feel free to contact also imply tremendous environmental hazards and us, we will be more than happy to show you our MRC Corrosion Properties of 14 Expert consultancy on 29 Polymers gives new knowledge golden bridge dangers for well-being and life. facilities and discuss corrosion with you. Controlling corrosion is necessary to even- PhD Research Projects show the way 30 tually reach a safer, more resilient, circular and Accreditation that gives you an 32 sustainable society. In this perspective, it appears advantage more important than ever to work for mitigating JIP in the automotive industry 34 the effects of corrosion in our society and JIP for agricultural environments 35 economy. Upcoming events 36 Contact Collaboration needed Olivier Rod Solving the present and future societal and Manager Corrosion industrial challenges implies the need of a broad department 30 collaboration beyond the national, cultural, o l iv i e r.r o d @ r i.s e New coating acts as 2catalyst in batteries 3 WHAT WE DO A global partner in the field of corrosion

At RISE, over 100 researchers and experts work with corrosion and how to prevent it. Our mission is to help our partners and customers solve their corrosion issues and minimize damage related to corrosion.

RISE has one of the strongest teams and largest Serving all industries laboratories in the field for applied corrosion More than 150 industrial companies all over research and corrosion protection of materials the world are members of our institute through in the world. More than 100 engineers and our different programs. With hundreds of R&D technicians in Sweden and France, collaborate projects and thousands consultancy projects extensively with both industry and the scientific every year, the corrosion department at RISE is community. involved in most industrial sectors concerned by corrosion. That includes the transporta- Broad expertise tion industry (marine, land, air), building and From our four European locations, we can infrastructure, military and naval construction, quickly provide solutions to various corrosion oil and gas industry, nuclear and chemical problems (including failure analyses, testing, industries, food industry, electronics, et cetera. laboratory and field investigations). Our compe- tency in investigations, diagnostics and studies is available for all metallic materials (steel, History and location aluminum, zinc, copper, titanium and various alloys), paints, polymers and composites. The RISE corrosion department is located at four sites in Sweden and in France. In addition, we have access to exposure sites all over the world.

We are around 60 people in Sweden, 45 We test and verify in employees in Kista outside Stockholm and 15 RISE is the Swedish Research Institute employees in Borås in the west of Sweden. We different climates and Research and innovation partner. In international are composed of the corrosion group of former weather conditions, in collaboration with industry, academia Swerea KIMAB (which arose from the Swedish air, in seawater, concrete Institutes and the public sector, we ensure the Corrosion Institute and the Institute for Metal competitiveness of the business community Research) and of the former SP corrosion group. and soils and aggressive and contribute to a sustainable society. In France we consist of IC, the French Our nearly 3000 employees support and of Sweden Corrosion Institute, composed of one site in Brest environments, all over promote all manner of innovative processes. with 25 employees and one site in St-Etienne with the world. RISE is an independent, state-owned 15 employees. IC is a fully owned subsidiary of research institute that offers unique RISE. expertise and about 100 testbeds and demonstration facilities, instrumental In addition to our four sites, we have exposure in future-proofing technologies, sites located at various places around the world, products and services. the largest in Bohus Malmön and Kristineberg in Sweden and Brest in France. 4 5 WHAT WE DO Courses, seminars, conferences and training Standard or customised events related Expertise and flexibility to the field of corrosion and corrosion protection, for example cathodic protection define our way of working and automotive corrosion.

We believe that being able to offer different ways of working with our customers is essential to deliver valuable applied research and support. We are always happy to discuss your Industrial confidential research needs to find the optimal services for your business. We perform confidential research and National and European development projects with our customers, research programs and act as an extra research department. Participation with other companies and stakeholders in projects in Sweden, France or the EU. We write applications and manage projects with topics interesting for our customers. Member Research Consortia, MRC Our MRC engage more than 150 compa- nies, large and small, from different sectors, Inspections, consultations industries, and countries. Joining means and analyses increased possibilities, expanded networks Field or laboratory inspections, failure and access to the recent updates on analysis, expert advice etc. RISE is an knowledge and know-how. impartial and independent partner, and all our consultancies are confidential.

Rapid response problem solving Joint Industrial Programs, JIP Quick handling for solving complex JIP’s are a cost effective and efficient way problems requiring several different to conduct common industrial projects competencies, where we can use the broad grouping different actors along the value competence within RISE. chain. They are industrially financed programs typically comprising of 8–12 Networks companies, which share the cost of the We also manage several networks, project. A JIP is usually performed on a regrouping different stakeholders around 3-year basis. Accelerated testing Field testing and exposure specific topics areas and challenges, Accelerated laboratory testing of mate- Exposure and testing of materials and allowing information dissemination and rials, products and coupons in different products in natural environments, mainly exchanges. Examples of networks are environments. The tests can be performed focused on atmospheric and marine testing. Protection of electronics in challenging Find out more on the web according to different standards or We have different field-testing stations in environments, Network for materials in ri.se/en/what-we-do/ our-areas/corrosion specially designed. We can also perform Sweden, France as well as at our partners contact with drinking water or Corrosion in extensive accredited testing. worldwide. combustion plants.

7 6 MRC AEROSPACE New aerospace materials require defined test procedures

MRC Aerospace is devoted to a better understanding of the corrosion mechanisms MRC of materials used in the aerospace industry. Recently, focus has been to define new testing procedures for qualification of new materials such as Al-Li alloys and surface finishes (free of Chromium 6) for applications in the aerospace industry, 12 MRC’s in corrosion including exterior and interior applications and the maintenance aspects. offering cost-shared R&D The MRC has made an important step to for different aluminium alloys including 2000 better understand the role of different climatic and 7000 series. Both the failure mode and the conditions in accelerated corrosion tests on the maximum depth of attacks (not given here) are in corrosion of unpainted and painted aluminium good line with that observed at the field station. alloys. The strategy used in this work includes Future works are progressing within the MRC a design of experiment approach to study the to further optimize Test 1 and to standardize this influence of different climatic parameters, such testing procedure within the aerospace industry. as chloride load, drying phase and high humidity In our Member Research Consortia, level. And, to compare the results to a worldwide Welcome to join our MRC´s More information MRC, we bring together actors with exposure program (performed at a network of In the following pages we present ten of our ri.se/en/mrc-aerospace common interests in specific corrosion field stations within RISE partners). MRC's, with contact information for each one. [email protected] areas. We offer a platform for colabo- You can also read about how some of our member [email protected] ration as well as cost effective R&D. companies describe the befinits of being a member Broad expertise Welcome to join us! in an MRC. The results are thereafter analysed in view of the degradation mode and corrosion depth By gathering stakeholders through the value (for unpainted materials) as well as underfilm Two more MRC’s on the web chain with interests in the same research area, corrosion for painted materials. Some results we can find efficient solutions to joint challenges. MRC Corrosion Protection are shown in the figure below. The results We work with various methods of corrosion All research projects are initiated in collaboration protection, such as organic and inorganic coatings, clearly indicate that when comparing different with our member companies. cathodic protection, temporary corrosion protec- accelerated cyclic corrosion tests performed in Today, our MRC’s in corrosion engage more tion as well as studying the effects of changes in laboratory with field data obtained at a marine than 150 companies, large and small, from operating environments. site, a good correlation is obtained for Test 1 More information different sectors, industries and countries. ri.se/en/mrc-corrosion-protection ACCELERATED CORROSION TESTS Collaboration in any of our MRC’s means [email protected] increased possibilities, expanded networks and Alloy Test 1 Test 2 Test 3 Test 4 Test 5 Test 6 Test 7 Test 8 Field access to the recent knowledge and know-how in MRC Brass Alloys 2024T351 IG IG IG IG IG IG IG + E IG IG The research focuses on optimisation of pro- 7075T6 IG IG IG+E IG IG IG IG+E IG IG corrosion. Our twelve MRC’s in corrosion are all duction routes to ensure sufficient producibility 7449T651 P P IG+E E P P P+E E P open to new members. and good final properties, mainly corrosion, for 7050T7451 P P P P P P P P P

lead-free brass alloys, as well as a better under- 7055T7751 P+IG P P P P P P P IG standing of the corrosion mechanisms. 2099T86 P P P P P P P P P More information More information 2050T3 IG P+IG P IG IG P P+IG E IG ri.se/en/what-we-do/services/ ri.se/en/mrc-brass-alloy 2050T8 P P P P P P P P P member-research-consortia-corrosion [email protected] o l iv i e r.r o d @ r i.s e Summary of the type of attacks (P: pitting, IG: intergranular corrosion, E: exfoliation) for different alloys in cyclic corrosion test and 18 months at a field station in Brest, France.

8 9 – One of the key aspects of the MRC is the fact that it is customer-driven, the customer is being listened to and this is highly appreciated. The people leading the MRC have extensive knowledge in the field and great experience and that’s a true added value for our industry, says Elizabeth Szala. MRC AUTOMOTIVE CORROSION

Solutions for greater Elizabeth Szala, Aleris sustainability in the automotive industry The members decide which projects to start

The members of MRC Automotive Corrosion spot-welded joints. To perform corrosion tests of meet twice a year to discuss new projects as these types of confined environments are much well as the progress and results from ongoing more difficult compared with open surfaces due With 35 international member compa- researchers and engineers are participating in the projects. Here are our ongoing projects: to: nies, MRC Automotive Corrosion, is our working group, also companies in the US as well as · Evaluation of corrosion from intentionally made – perforation/bimetallic corrosion is more largest membership program within the Asia. When I changed jobs and companies, I always scribes on painted corrosion test specimens complex and thus more difficult to simulate field of corrosion. The MRC provides a carried on being part of the MRC to remain up-to- – it is often difficult to compare the results · Standardised bimetallic- and crevice corrosion unique combination of practical know- date with the new research, says Elizabeth Szala. obtained in different corrosion tests using the test specimens for the automotive industry ledge and scientific excellence concer- In addition, Elizabeth Szala is a member of the different types of crevice/bimetallic coupons due (see below) ning corrosion and corrosion protection Scientific committee of the European Federation of to poor reproducibility of the specimens of vehicles. The customer focus, is one Corrosion where she is responsible of automotive · Adhesive bonding of aluminum parts in the – the design of the crevice/bimetallic speci- of the most important aspects for the corrosion and acts as coordinator of automotive automotive industry, part II mens is very much influencing the results. members of the MRC. corrosion activities at the European level. · Survey of the use of de-icing salt in road Therefore, standardised corrosion test environment specimens for crevice- and bimetallic corrosion Within MRC Automotive Corrosion, vehicle Analyse various materials · Filiform corrosion of Aluminium is eligible. manufacturers, material suppliers and paint/ The focus of MRC Automotive Corrosion is to The aim of this project is to find crevice corro- · Long term on-vehicle exposure of different pretreatment suppliers meet and discuss common study and analyse corrosion of various types of sion and bimetallic corrosion specimens for the types of automotive materials issues. materials to improve and develop solutions that automotive industry with good repeatability of Elizabeth Szala, Project Manager R&D at lead to greater sustainability and competitiveness · The influence of different de-icing materials on corrosion attack that can be used at accelerated Aleris, has been a member of the MRC since she in the automotive industry. The members meet corrosion of automotive materials corrosion tests and in mobile corrosion tests. graduated from university and started to work in twice a year to discuss the progress of the projects. · Development of an accelerated corrosion test The results of the project will be available to the steel manufacturing industry. Some projects are longer-term with automo- that better mimics field conditions all members of MRC Automotive Corrosion. – I discovered that the MRC Automotive tive corrosion monitoring in field for instance and Corrosion was a great platform to exchange know- some can be short-term answering very specific Standardised bimetallic- and crevice More information ledge in automotive corrosion and meet people and precise questions such as the road salt usage corrosion test specimens ri.se/en/mrc-automotive from the different sectors supplying products and composition over recent years or testing The eventual corrosion observed on the car [email protected] for our market. Moreover, not only European different materials under a specific condition. body are most often situated in hem flanges and [email protected]

10 11 MRC OIL AND GAS Experimental R&D for H2S related corrosion

Thanks to the R&D programs within specimens after SSC tests must be considered the MRC Oil and Gas its 13 members as crack initiation and thus as critical. receive the latest research and know- · Criticality of selective dissolution during ledge in the field of corrosion in the oil SCC test of duplex stainless steels in H2S and gas industry. For example, results containing media: when duplex stainless steels from experimental programs addres- are tested in borderline conditions superficial sing H2S related corrosion issues. selective corrosion (see photograph) can be observed on the specimen after test without In the MRC Oil and Gas, two projects are always associated crack initiation. The objective of the ongoing, one focusing on stainless steels and work is to define if such patterns are critical. “Opportunity to meet with the other on carbon steels. The aim of these Some recent projects focussed on test projects can be to develop a new test method, method comparison for H2S testing, on deve- other industry partners” to make a literature survey on a dedicated topic loping a test method to measure critical pitting or to evaluate the material acceptability in harsh temperature in H2S containing environment and environments. These projects are selected by the a literature review on the detrimental effect of members, often after a proposal of a participant elemental sulfur in the oil and gas industry. or of RISE. When agreed by the members, the results are Total is a major oil and gas company, Total is today following several projects within published. For example Corrosion Science 142 Projects to determine the criticality a global, integrated company with the MRC and they are satisfied with the good (2018, p. 56) can be cited. The ongoing work on The projects currently in progress within the exploration and production as well as progress of the studies. carbon steel will be published or presented at a MRC are: refining and petrochemical activities. – Collaborating with RISE is quite important conference. · Criticality of groove formation on unfailed Total has also become a significant for us because this organization provides skilled actor in renewable energy with acti- people, the ability to understand our needs and carbon steel specimens after sulfide stress More information vities in solar energy, energy storage, the means to carry out corrosion studies with cracking (SSC) tests: the project aims at ri.se/en/mrc-oil-and-gas biogas and wind power. For Total, MRC efficiency. Another important positive aspect evaluating if the micro-grooves (see photo- christophe.mendibide@ graph) sometimes observed on non-broken institut-corrosion.fr Oil and Gas is important in several is the opportunity to meet with other industry ways. partners to have stimulating discussions and share our views on these important corrosion Thierry Cassagne PhD, Corrosion and metallurgy topics, says Thierry Cassagne. expert at Total explains why Total has been a member of the MRC Oil and Gas since the start. – The MRC is important for Total because it can provide new insights and data concerning the use of metallic materials in H2S containing environments. As in all research fields it is essen- tial to always increase our knowledge to then apply it for projects and support to operations Example of grooves formed on a low-alloyed Example of superficial selective dissolution observed carbon steel after SSC test. on a Duplex stainless steel 2507 after SSC test. where it is needed. Thierry Cassagne, Total

12 13 according to their ability to withstand highly sulfuric acid and critical welding parameters MRC CPP concentrated (98 wt. percent) sulfuric acid at 50 that should be considered when used under real degrees Celcius. The samples will be assessed service conditions. after exposures of up to 48 weeks. New knowledge on The result of this project will give the More information members of MRC CPP a deeper knowledge on ri.se/en/mrc-cpp weak links in polymers the materials suitability to highly concentrated o l iv i e r.r o d @ r i.s e

For more than 30 years, research on corrosion properties of polymers in harsh chemical conditions have been conducted at RISE as well as in the MRC Corrosion Properties of Polymers, CPP. The aim of the MRC is to help the members to find the right polymeric material solution for their business. “The MRC is an important resource Today the MRC Corrosion Properties of predicting the expected service life and expected Polymers, CPP, has more than 25 members, most rate of corrosion the need for new research to to improve the understanding of of them international companies. The members match with the ever-ongoing development of new are end users within the chemical industry, such materials is large. corrosion mechanisms” as pulp and paper plants, chlorine plants as well as producers of polymeric pipes and pipe parts. Investigating welds Regular personal networking with other corrosion experts, all along the supply The members have a common interest in Welds tend to be the weak link in the use of chain and learning about new trends and technologies. These are some of the finding the right polymeric material solution for plastics. In an ongoing project within the MRC reasons why the company Georg Fischer DEKA Gmbh chooses to be one of the their business needs. Even though great steps CPP different PVC-grades and fluoroplastic members of MRC Corrosion Properties of Polymers. in knowledge have been taken when it comes to welded with different techniques are evaluated

Stephan Schuessler, head of R&D at Georg – Over the past 25 years we have had a very Fischer DEKA Gmbh, tells why the company has positive and interesting cooperation. Along with been a member in MRC Corrosion Properties of some other MRC members, we have recently Focus on pickling processes Polymers since 1996. decided to launch a new project together with In the network Plastics for Pickling Committee, PPC, we have a special focus on pickling processes. – For us the MRC is important for several RISE on assessing the influence of next-gene- Plastic materials are frequently used in process reasons. It gives us the possibility to network ration thermo-stabilizers in Vinyl-polymers on equipment for pickling in steelworks. The purpose with new members and potential new clients. the chemical resistance-properties. Such topics of the PPC network is to increase the knowledge We can learn about and have discussions concer- are very relevant for the application of these of how plastic materials in process equipment are affected by acids such as nitric-, hydrofluoric-, ning new trends, technologies and fields of products and for the majority of members of the hydrochloric- and sulphuric acid. application. The MRC is also an important source group, but way too large to be handled by one

More information to improve the understanding of fundamental company alone, Stephan Schuessler says. ri.se/en/mrc-ppc corrosion mechanisms, this in turn serves as a [email protected] further input for our own material and formula- tion development, Stephan Schuessler says. Georg Fisher DEKA Gmbh was founded in 1960 and focuses solely on industrial piping as the core business. The product portfolio comprises a worldwide unique selection of different thermoplastic polymer pipes as well as well-developed facilities for fabrication of custo-

mized products. The company has been part of Stephan Schuessler, several successful projects within the MRC. Georg Fischer DEKA

14 15 MRC SOIL CORROSION MRC CPPI Better understanding Solves upcoming challenges of soils increases in the pulp and paper industry

Pulp and paper mills are exposed to extreme conditions and corrosive infrastructure safety environments, which can cause downtime and high renovation costs. At the same time new demands on materials are constantly being made. As Buried structures are usually protected against corrosion with the use a member of MRC Corrosion in the pulp and paper industry, CPPI, you can of metallic coatings or a combination of organic coatings and cathodic expand your company's corrosion expertise in a cost-effective way. protection. Better understanding of corrosion ensures infrastructure safety and integrity with time. The MRC Soil Corrosion gives its members a better understanding of the effects of soil.

Soils are complex, with various textures, oxygen · Assess the over-protection risk in soil as a diffusion and resistivity as function of the water function of the potential, the soil texture and content and are subjected to seasonal fluctuations. water content This MRC started in 2018, is dedicated to soil corro- · Determine the key parameters driving the CD The pulp and paper industry is facing new hydrochloric acid is not more corrosive to the sion and cathodic protection (CP). Today twelve rate demands on recycling, energy savings and present materials than the sulfuric acid. member companies, from the oil and gas industry reduced water consumption that can lead to · Determine the CD rate evolution with time as well as coating producers, take advantage of changed operating conditions in the mills, which What is the best material for evaporators? cost-shared R&D programs selected by themselves. A third program is dedicated to the determi- can cause increased corrosion problems. In addi- Another investigation within the MRC showed nation of the time and kinetics of corrosion after tion, processes to manufacture new biobased how different materials coped with the environ- Four running R&D programs CP interruption in soils. For this purpose, an products can create unexpected corrosion ment of evaporators. A field exposure was Among the running R&D programs, two are innovative approach is proposed using electrical problems. conducted, with eight different sample materials focusing on cathodic disbondment (CD) rate of resistance sensors, oxygen and pH probes. At RISE, we have broad and deep knowledge of fixed to a test rack, welded to the evaporator industrial coatings such as Fusion Bonded Epoxy Indeed, the local alkalinity induced by the CP corrosion of both polymeric and metallic materials, at three mills. After one operating season the (FBE) and 3 Layer Polyethylene (3 LPE). The might favor passivating conditions of steel. Thus, and our research linked to corrosion in the pulp samples were examined for mass loss and general objectives are to: after CP interruption, a delay of even several and paper industry has a long tradition. Within surface attack. days can be observed before the occurrence of MRC Corrosion in the pulp and paper industry, Among other things, it was found that the corrosion. CPPI, the members exchange experiences and molybdenum content is to some disadvantageous, A final program focusses in comparative discuss what research the industry needs. Here depending on the high pH value in the evapo- soil corrosion tests using similar natural soils in are two examples of issues recently investigated. rators, especially for the stainless steel 1.4401, laboratory and field. The materials tested consist although the molybdenum content is generally of carbon steel, Zn and ZnAlMg hot dip galvanized From sulfuric acid to hydrochloric acid? considered to give a stainless steel a higher steel. The objectives are to collect corrosion data on In connection with the bleaching process of a corrosion resistance. In addition, it was found that recent materials and to better understand the key pulp mill sulfuric acid is used. A mill is considering the five duplex materials were equivalent in the parameters driving the corrosion kinetics in soils. replacing sulfuric acid with hydrochloric acid in current environment, although some varied in the bleaching process. They want to find out how quality from “Lean Duplex” to “Super Duplex”. More information well the materials would perform in contact with ri.se/en/mrc-soil hydrochloric acid. Both acids were sent to RISE, More information [email protected] and the materials used in the process piping were ri.se/en/mrc-pulp-and-paper [email protected] exposed for 60-70 days. The results showed that [email protected]

16 17 · Long term degradation of coil-coated steel Upcoming challenges for the industry materials as a function of the distance to the The industry’s major challenge is to meet the seashore in temperate climate expectations of the end-users of the finished Courtesy of SSAB; Tin House (London); · Durability of prepainted steel materials in product with as low as possible costs and effort. Photo: Tim Soar & Luke Cauldfield; This means reducing the zinc layer while keeping Drawings by Eliana Sousa; Henning agricultural buildings or increasing the performance of the products. Stummel architects. · Development of reliable accelerated corrosion This would need new (quick and cost efficient) tests for coil coated steel products laboratory test protocols with better correlation · Evaluation of chrome-free pretreatment to field exposure to support more rapid develop- alternatives for prepainted zinc and zinc-alloy ment of new products and associated product coated steel warranties. MRC COIL COATED MATERIALS · Better understanding of the blistering forma- Also, to facilitate the development of new tion on prepainted steel materials products is of utmost interest, to develop · Effect of water disbondment on adhesion physical prediction models of the degradation of R&D projects properties and coil-coating performance prepainted steel at any global site. · Testing the durability of repair solutions for More information prepainted steel materials ri.se/en/mrc-coil-coated The MRC also organizes international semi- for tomorrow’s [email protected] nars dedicated to coil coated steel products. prepainted metal Bernhard Strauß, voestalpine Stahl and Chairman of MRC Coil Coated Materials ”A win-win situation for all involved partners” Prepainted metal is popular in a wide needs of the market and to satisfy the customers. range of applications, such as buil- The corrosion properties of prepainted materials Voestalpine Stahl GmbH is a global dings, domestic appliances and in the are of high importance for the durability of manufacturer of high-quality steel products with transport industry. The producers are materials. headquarters in Austria. They rank among the continually innovating to meet new leading suppliers to the European automotive, demands from the market. MRC Coil MRC with worldwide members domestic appliance and construction industries, Coated Materials assists its members The MRC Coil Coated Materials started in the as well as to steel construction and engineering The R&D projects in MRC Coil Coated with the latest knowledge on the corro- 90s after a request from Swedish Steel (SSAB businesses. Materials are focused on the one hand on sion properties of prepainted materials. Europe) and Usinor (ArcelorMittal). Today the optimizing the steel production process in regard MRC has worldwide members including major Main benefits to quality, environment and energy efficiency, Prepainted materials are produced by coil coating steel makers, chemical and paint companies Since 2008, voestalpine Stahl has been a member and on the other hand on the development of process. In the building industry, which repre- and offers a unique forum of exchange, that has of the MRC Coil Coated Materials. Bernhard high and highest strength steels as well as on the sents about 75 percent of the market, prepainted resulted in many R&D projects in corrosion and Strauß, senior engineer at voestalpine Stahl and development of new coatings. products offer many advantages for facades and corrosion protection. Chairman of the MRC Coil explains why: – We are, like every partner, involved in all roofing due to their design flexibility, the large – The main benefit is to share competences MRC-projects and over the years in a few joint variety of textures and colours and possible Ongoing R&D programs and to share costs in order to achieve high quality industrial projects. My personal favorite is the added functionality. · Database of corrosion behavior of a large results with limited individual resources. I am “Coil Database” project where all coil coaters The producers of prepainted metal, the supp- number of coil coated steel products in labora- convinced that non-competitive joint research have contributed with a notable amount of their liers of the metal substrate and of the organic tory tests that will help modeling the data with offers a typical win-win situation for all involved commercial materials – all together 13 different coatings are continually innovating to meet the respect to environmental parameters partners, he says. coating systems, says Bernhard Strauß.

18 19 MRC MARINE CORROSION MRC BIOREFINERY PROCESSES Study of low grade alloys New MRC will help biorefineries with their corrosion challenges in O2 controlled seawater During 2021 RISE will start a new MRC in Develop test methods Seawater is known to be an aggressive seawater. The innovating test loop is then main- order to develop and provide suitable During 2021 RISE will start a new MRC on media which limits the use of most taining the biological activity of natural seawater, testing for corrosion evaluation of application of stainless materials in biorefinery materials due to corrosion issues. In which is one of the key parameters to simulate materials in biorefinery production. processes. The aim for the new MRC is to develop the MRC Marine Corrosion, we study service conditions. The proposed corrosion test Based on scientific research, as well and provide suitable testing for corrosion and analyse the limits for materials is then not only used for ranking purposes but for as collaboration among researchers, evaluation of such materials in different service and corrosion protection in seawater. a precise definition of a materials limit of use in scientists, material manufacturers and conditions in biorefinery production. simulated field conditions. biorefinery plant operators, the new Expertise among members in the MRC can be During the bi-annual meetings, the members of MRC will help its members with impor- exchanged to facilitate a development of testing MRC Marine Corrosion decide what issues to Decreased costs tant corrosion challenges. and research activities concerning corrosion of investigate. Right now, the MRC is looking into the The continuous monitoring of corrosion poten- stainless materials in biorefinery processes. issue of using low grade alloys in treated seawater, tials and environmental parameters allows Biorefinery production in EU has been a focus the Furthermore, the MRC will be a valuable when oxygen is partly removed. This can be the determination of the incubation time before past few years and the industry is continuously complement to the extensive and ongoing case in injection wells, flexible storage in seawater corrosion eventually starts (if any) and parame- growing. In 2017, there were 224 biorefinery research work within RISE on new and advanced and/or desalination plants. ters that can favour re-passivation. By selecting plants operating across Europe. By the end of biorefinery processes. From this industrial need a new program was lower grade alloys, the cost of projects can then 2030, the aim is that at least 14 percent of trans- initiated to investigate the behaviour of several be significantly decreased, keeping confidence in port fuel will come from renewable resources. Contact “low” stainless steel grades (duplex, austenitic, the corrosion resistance from the representative ri.se/en/mrc-biorefinery martensitic) in term of localized corrosion risk engineering diagrams. Thus, these diagrams A young industry with its [email protected] [email protected] in O2 controlled seawater. The objective was to define the limit of dissolved oxygen at which the own challenges determine the critical dissolved oxygen content at alloy can be safely used for a given application. Biofuels are produced through biorefinery which crevice corrosion can initiate. processes involving four different feedstock In the last decade RISE developed a unique More information generations. The evolution of feedstocks aims experience in precision control of dissolved ri.se/en/mrc-marine-corrosion to overcome previous limitations, for example oxygen content of continuously renewed natural [email protected] resources of harvesting, process technologies and energy yields.

RISE Brest, France Due to different types of raw materials and final products, biofuels are produced through different conversion processes, which operate at different temperatures and pressures and involve a wide range of chemicals, catalysts and enzymes. Because of the “young-age” of biorefinery plants in Europe, corrosion-related failure cases are not yet numerous. However, preventive maintenance by means of material selection is crucial to avoid corrosion challenges like those experienced in conventional refineries. Example of corrosion diagram of one of the tested alloys: Potential versus Oxygen content with associated corrosion risk.

20 21 Dan Persson, RISE AWARDS To support these developments, RISE has Einar Mattsson Award 2019 invested in a new Nano-IR instrument, partly Dan Persson, researcher at RISE, has received supported by Hugo Carlsson fund. The new equip- the 2019 Einar Mattsson Award. Dan Persson has ment is based on a combination of IR spectroscopy contributed to a strong development in the area of and atomic force microscopy (AFM), providing surface engineering and surface analysis, through information on chemical bonds and functional technical and scientific excellence, sustainable groups (affected by degradation) with a resolution MRC SURFACE TECHNOLOGY work and ingenious innovations. at nanometric level. The new instrument will be Dan Persson is a highly appreciated partner a complement to our FTIR-imaging and improve by our customers. His solid experience, both our possibilities to study interfaces in surface Advanced analytical scientifically and industrially, combined with his coating systems, new pre-treatment systems for humble attitude makes him a constant source of coil-coated products, as well as local corrosion methods help develop knowledge and inspiration for colleagues in his processes. surroundings. More information better surface protection NEW EQUIPMENT [email protected] Investment in a nano-IR instrument The area of surface protection and degradation is undergoing great changes. For example, the development of organic coatings with bio-based Corrosion protection of metal surfaces multi-analytical approach is needed. This could components and surface treatment processes with normally requires the application of be spectroscopic methods, electrochemical lower energy consumption. In electrification of multi-layer coatings, which can be methods and other methods ex situ as well as in vehicles degradation and corrosion of materials in a challenge to characterize. MRC situ or in the form of sensors. batteries and fuel cells are of importance. Surface Technology offers customers the tools and knowledge to understand Synchrotron-based nano-IR and develop coating systems and Several studies proposed by the members are pretreatments using advanced analy- ongoing with specific focus on advanced analy- tical methods. tical techniques. Right now, we are increasing our PHD RESEARCH PROJECT knowledge in the area of nano-IR spectroscopy Predicts the performance MRC Surface Technology focuses on studying and imaging, based on synchrotron radiation (SR). of next-generation coatings surfaces and multi-layer systems with advanced The project aim is to investigate the possibility to A common way to prevent corrosion is to cover techniques. By gathering different companies in use nano-IR and related techniques for studies of metal surfaces with complex organic coating the industrial sector, we can find efficient solu- the degradation chemistry of sustainable organic and paint systems. The main goals of Alexander tions to joint challenges. We work with various coatings, by performing a preparatory study. Wärnheim’s PhD project are to gain a deeper Alexander Wärnheim, RISE materials, such as steel and other metals, organic During this project we have been in contact understanding of the degradation processes and inorganic coatings and composites. with experts at European synchrotron facilities. that occur in these systems and to connect Our intentions are to use the Metrology Light local chemical and mechanical changes with the Multi-analytical approach source in Berlin, which is dedicated to e.g. performance of the coating over time. I have been able to work with talented people Analyzing surfaces and multi-layer systems is infrared nanospectroscopy (nano-FTIR) in the This knowledge will be used to predict the from a variety of backgrounds and competences a challenge and many different characteristics range of mid-IR. The project is funded by the performance of coming generations of coatings and I have collaborated with researchers are important including thickness, composition Swedish Research Council, Vinnova. without the need for multi-year field trials for specializing in everything from microfabrication structure, adhesion, gloss, hardness, barrier each individual formulation. to nanocellulose, says Alexander Wärnheim. properties and corrosion performance. It is More information – I choose to do a PhD at RISE for the possibi- not possible for a single technique/method ri.se/mrc-surface-technology lity to work with both industry and academia to More information to collect all this information and therefore a [email protected] solve problems with close-at-hand applications. [email protected]

22 23 TESTBEDS Weathering testing At our laboratory in Borås we offer accredited weathering testing on surfaces utilizing state Testbeds for innovation, of the art equipment with both control of UV spectrum as well as temperature and humidity. testing and verification Here we have the possibility to expose entire assemblies and 3D objects and our lab utilizes both fluorescent and xenon lamps. We offer In the area of corrosion,RISE offer a combination of field testing, accelerated both standardised testing as well as custom fit testing and modelling. Field testing is especially important in corrosion, as the exposures and measurement of colour, gloss and correlation between real conditions and accelerated testing is often difficult coating deterioration. to assess. We can offer tests and verification in different climates and weather [email protected] conditions, in air, seawater, soils and aggressive environments, all over the world. Mobile corrosion testing and is affected by climate and the environment. During mobile corrosion testing, materials, The ability to test and evaluate ideas at an early · Expert competence Our test environments: designs or different types of corrosion protection stage increases the pace of innovation, reduces · Supplemental testing and analysis · Bohus Malmön, Sweden (marine atmosphere) for the automotive industry are investigated in a risks and streamlines product, process and real road environment. We offer exposure on the · National and international networks · Brest, France (marine atmosphere) method development. The advantages of utilising under body of truck trailers in one of the world's a test and development environment are many, · Forums for the exchange of expertise and · Ryda Kungsgård, Sweden (rural atmosphere) most corrosive environments. The results of the although the most important are reduced deve- business development · Gällivare, Sweden (subartic atmosphere) mobile test are then evaluated using standardized lopment costs and shorter lead times between · Training and skills development · Dubai, United Arab Emirates (UV- sand methods. concept and marketing. RISE has approximately · Funding opportunities abrasion atmosphere) ri.se/en/test-demo/mobile-corrosion-testing 100 testbeds, and they all offer: [email protected] · Malaysia (tropical environment) · Equipment adapted to industrial uses More information Testing in climate chambers is used to compare · Qualified operators and technicians ri.se/en/our-offer o l iv i e r.r o d @ r i.s e the corrosion resistance of different materials and material combinations in a variety of atmospheric Atmospheric corrosion testing environments. We offer a wide range of options Corrosion testing under field conditions is neces- for testing. Our climate chambers are equipped to sary to obtain real and relevant data on material enable the environmental conditions to be varied life and degradation in different environments. during exposure in a controlled manner. For atmospheric corrosion, this is accomplished The main parameters that are varied are by exposing metal coupons or industrial products temperature, humidity, salt content, UV light in real-world environments for a specified period and the presence of corrosive gases. We have and then evaluating the corrosion using standar- climate chambers for temperature and humidity dised methods. cycling, corrosive gas testing combined climate Within the testbed, there are several stations and salt spray chambers, climate chamber testing in different environments, such as marine, rural with simultaneous mechanical fatigue testing. and subarctic atmospheres. The data obtained Our laboratory in Borås in Sweden also offers can also be used to verify the results of accele- accredited corrosion testing.

rated corrosion tests in corrosion chambers. ri.se/en/test-demo/atmospheric-corrosion-testing The field tests are used to test products in, for ri.se/en/what-we-do/services/weather-durability-test example, the automotive and building industries [email protected] and infrastructure, but also to meet society's [email protected] need to know how corrosion changes over time [email protected]

24 25 TESTBEDS Corrosion tests in soil Testing in natural sea water The need for new buried infrastructure is increa- Tests in natural seawater can be performed at sing. Using the testbed, you can evaluate material our field laboratories in Brest, France and Kristi- durability and the need for corrosion protection neberg, Sweden, as well as on other partner sites and maintenance for pylons, sheet pilings, water around the world. and gas pipes that are subject to corrosion in the Read more about our services in natural sea soil. We offer real-world testing, in five locations water testing on page 28. with different soil conditions. ri.se/en/test-demo/materials-marine-environment The testbed gives you access to RISE equipment ri.se/en/test-demo/corrosion-testing-natural-sea-water and our combined expertise. The testbed will give [email protected] your company answers to questions related to: [email protected] · How different materials corrode in soil · The functionality of different organic and Rigs for drinking- and wastewater inorganic coatings In our testbed we can run simulation of operating · The effect of different back-fills conditions for materials in contact with drinking ri.se/en/test-demo/corrosion-soil and waste waters. The development of materi- [email protected], als for water applications has gained attention [email protected] recent, due to new regulations and longer lifetime Tests in H2S environments requirements. Being able to test materials and Standard cracking tests in H2S containing products with different types of water and under environments can be performed at our testbed different conditions is essential to support this (for example according to NACE TM0177, NACE development. TM0284, NACE TM0316, NACE TM0198) under RISE testbed includes rigs for testing different high pressure of CO2 and/or H2S and at elevated types of pipe materials and components with temperature. We can also perform cracking tests, water as well as a chlorine rig to test material slow strain rate tensile test, high pressure and in pipes and applications exposed to chlorine or high temperature tests in autoclaves, corrosion chlorine dioxide. This testbed is used to perform fatigue tests, tests in explosive environments, assessment and gain experience within: and hydrogen permeation tests and electroche- · Understanding material degradation, biofilm mical tests under pressure. formation and leaching for different waters [email protected] (variating parameters, such as pH, flow rate, alkalinity and chlorine content) · Performing comparative testing for different types of materials (copper and alloys, stainless steel, coated carbon steel, polymers) · Performing corrosion tests including biofilm High temperature testing formation and leaching properties, according At our testbed we can perform high tempe- to real operation conditions (water composi- rature corrosion tests in the aggressive gases tion, flow rate, etc.) uniformly for all types of 100 testbeds within RISE materials (metals and plastics) such as CO, H2S, SO2, Cl2 and HCl. We address RISE has approximately 100 testbeds and demonstration corrosion problems in combustion environments, · Testing the effect of water disinfection using environments are open to businesses, academia and the e.g. biomass or waste-fueled CHP plants, aircraft chlorine on the corrosion rate in pipes and public sector. More information engines, gas turbines, as well as in heat-treatment other details ri.se/en/testbeds applications and in refineries. ri.se/en/test-demo/chlorine-rig [email protected] [email protected]

27 26 TESTBED EXPERT CONSULTANCY Two seawater Bresle test shows low salt stations that give levels on the golden bridge Central Stockholm is getting a facelift with the new Slussen area. In the middle shines a golden bridge, 140 meters long and 45 meters wide. unique possibilities Skanska partnered with RISE to inspect the salt content on the surface of the bridge, to avoid future risk of corrosion. Artificial seawater is not always adapted for corrosion assessment of materials, since complex parameters involved in corrosion processes can be difficult to reproduce. This includes the natural biofilm formation connected to bacterial –It is an extraordinary building project, says RISE activity. RISE test beds in marine environment helps customers within marine researcher Alexi Makdesy who got a close look at energies, the shipping industry and the oil and gas industry. the new golden bridge in central Stockholm. The steel bridge is designed by UK-based architect Foster + Partners. The arrow-shaped silhouette comes from the level differences between the islands Södermalm and Old Town. The bridge was manufactured by CRSBG in RISE has developed a unique framework of easy access from the lab facilities, can be used China and was delivered, in one piece, by boat, to seawater stations for corrosion, biofilm and for different purposes such as tests in different Stockholm in March 2020. antifouling studies. It can be adapted for the zones, submerged, splash zone or atmospheric. Before blasting and final painting in gold testing of any kind of seawater system, from Our customers in the field of marine energies, colour, the constructor Skanska wanted to small to large scale, with accurate control of test shipping industry, oil and gas, are all concerned measure the chloride content on the surface of parameters. by offshore corrosion. Collaboration with the road’s isolation material. The levels of salt RISE is operating two main stations in Europe, laboratories allows exposure in other types of cannot be too high, otherwise there is a risk that The golden bridge, during construction in 2020. one in the bay of Brest, France, which is represen- seawater such as in tropical seawater (Malaysia), these salts are blasted into the steel, which can tative of standard Atlantic Ocean conditions with or in deepsea water from 1000 to 3000 meter lead to a corrosion risk. temperate seawater, and one in Kristineberg, on depths. – There was a suspicion that the chloride Old Town, and the sparkling reflection from the the west coast of Sweden, in the North Sea. content would be elevated, as the bridge travelled water. In Autumn 2020 the bridge will be ready Here we have the possibility to expose mate- More information across the sea from China. Prior to testing, the for traffic. rials in the open sea at different exposure depths ri.se/en/test-de m o/ entire surface was rinsed off, thoroughly, with from 0 to 35 meters. In addition, the seawater materials-marine-environment water to remove salts. The test was performed to More information stations are equipped with exposure cells and ri.se/en/test-de m o/ ensure that the salts had disappeared, explains ri.se/en/what-we-do/services/ corrosion-testing-natural-sea-water tanks where the flow rate, the temperature, the Mattias Nääs at Skanska. bresle-on-site-testing [email protected] dissolved oxygen content and seawater treat- Alexi Makdesy from RISE conducted the salt [email protected] [email protected] ment (chlorination) can be controlled. Bespoke test inspection in three locations of the bridge, seawater loops are built for full scale testing. using the Bresle test method. Corrosion monitoring can also be implemented – We checked the salt contamination and Bresle tests and test kits on site, with potential loggers, cathodic protec- found that the percentage was very low and that RISE offers the service of testing according to tion and biofilm sensors, etc. it was safe to continue with the blasting, says the Bresle method. We also offer the patches and testing kits for Bresle tests. The patches are At both locations we have well-equipped Alexi Makdesy. manufactured for RISE and are available in small corrosion labs with cyclic corrosion chambers, Later, the bridge could get its final layer of and large quantities. The Bresle kits consist of alternate immersion rigs, and equipment for golden paint. The colour is chosen to harmonize everything needed for conducting a measurement. electrochemical measurements. Jetties with RISE Kristineberg, Sweden with the golden yellow shades of the houses in the

28 29 should lead to interfacial bonding deterioration PHD RESEARCH PROJECT and then to macroscopic blistering. In 2018, we initiated a PhD in collabora- tion with CIRIMAT (Interuniversity Center New coating acts as of Materials Research and Engineering in Toulouse, France). Pierre Bonin was recruited catalyst in batteries to RISE as a PhD student in September 2018. His work is focused on the understanding of the mechanisms of blistering on model coil The objective of Clara Linder’s PhD alloys with catalytically active elements (Co and coated materials. For this purpose, different research project is to develop novel Mn) incorporated to them. In the last part of the laboratory techniques such as Electrochemical high-performance physical vapor depo- project, the coatings will be tested in battery- Impedance Spectroscopy and scanning Kelvin sited (PVD) multicomponent CrFeNi- and fuel cell environments. probe are used. Pierre will defend his PhD work based coatings, that are both highly - This will provide a long-term contribution to in September 2021. corrosion-resistant and electrochemi- a renewable, environmentally friendly and robust cally active towards reduction of O2 for energy system and to Swedish industry and More information applications in industrial batteries with academic research, says Clara Linder, researcher [email protected] water based electrolyte and fuel cells. at RISE. Pierre Bonin

PHD RESEARCH PROJECT The project Corrosion-resistant and catalytically Decreased need of maintenance active multicomponent coatings for batteries Industrial batteries are crucial for energy back-up Initiation of corrosion PHD RESEARCH PROJECT and fuel cells, is a collaboration between RISE, in hospitals, industry, and cities. Reactions in a of steel in concrete Linköping University (LiU) and Swerim, within battery cell ensure a full charge, but also creates Understanding the the Vinnova Competence Centre FunMat-II, and byproducts: H2 and O2. The drawback is that it mechanisms of blistering Research has been ongoing for decades regarding part of a PhD research program (2019-2024). consumes water from the electrolyte and implies the initiation of corrosion of steel in concrete, The aim is to understand corrosion resistance a need for costly maintenance. A solution is the on coil coated materials mostly focusing on how to determine a critical and electrochemical activity in multicomponent recombination of H2 and O2 to form water. To chloride concentration which initiates corrosion. increase the reaction rate, a catalyst is intro- The tendency of a paint system to blistering – This critical chloride concentration is impor- duced. The harsh conditions in the battery and depends on many parameters, including bulk tant for authorities that maintain infrastructure lifetime expectancy place high requirements on properties of the polymer and interactions at because they want to have a value which indicates long-term stability, stressing a need for corro- the metal/polymer interface. Wet adhesion is if their critical assets such as bridges for example sion-resistant coatings that can act as a catalyst. one of the most important properties affecting are corroding or not. Previous research has CrFeNi based coatings are deposited with the corrosion protection performance of organic resulted in a wide range of critical concentrations a magnetron sputtering PVD system at LiU coatings. and we know that it is very difficult to determine (Linköping, Sweden). After detailed material this value. This means that we need to understand characterisation of the coatings, their corrosion Comparing the behaviour more about the corrosion initiation process, resistance and the catalytic activity are tested Influence of interfacial bonding properties explains Johan Ahlström, Researcher at RISE. with electrochemical methods at RISE (Kista, can be easily verified by comparing the beha- After his licentiate project, Johan Ahlström Sweden). So far in the project, pure Co coatings viour of the same paint systems applied on focused on how the mill scale on the steel surface have been electrochemically modified and different substrates or after different surface can influence the corrosion initiation. demonstrated as effective catalysts for the pre-treatments. – My conclusions so far are that the mill scale reduction of O2 in KOH. The corrosion resistance The interface between a metal substrate and is nobler than steel and its composition affects of different CoCrFeNi coatings has been studied polymer coating is thermodynamically unstable the galvanic corrosion of the steel, says Johan in NaCl and KOH. in the presence of water. Indeed, the binding Ahlström. energy of secondary metal–adhesive bonds is Clara Linder, RISE More information lower than that of metal–water bonds. Thus, the More information [email protected] presence of water at the metal/coating interface [email protected]

30 31 ACCREDITATION Meeting the demands of industry Why accreditation gives and society in record time At of the time of publication of this Turing the first two months of operation over 40 you an advantage magazine the Covid-19 pandemic is unique PPE clothing articles have been tested with not yet over. In the beginning of spring a turnaround time of a couple of days. 2020 it became painfully apparent At the RISE product durability labora- that the supply of personal protective Future of PPE testing tory in Borås, Sweden we offer a wide equipment (PPE) was alarmingly low. The certification department at RISE is hard at variety of testing services. These tests At RISE in Borås we have, in record work to secure that all relevant accreditation is can range from exposure of products About accreditation time, set up and tested PPE clothing obtained to be able to provide CE certification for and materials to salt-contaminated The laboratory holds an accreditation for the Swedish market. these kinds of PPE. At the laboratory level we are environments, environments with according to SS EN ISO/IEC investigating what kind of testing we have to add corrosive gases or exposures to UV. 17025:2018 (the Swedish version of The European Commission issued an exemption to our matrix to be able to support the industry ESO/IEC 17025:2017) and we are for certain products, for instance PPE clothing with testing of PPEs of varying protection levels also accredited for 70 specific test used in hospitals and by other health institutions. for chemical and biological risks. Not only for the methods and standards. In Sweden the government and the Swedish Work health services, but also for other parts of industry Environment Authority established a fast track for and the public sector. PPE equipment destined for the healthcare sector so that the lengthy process of CE certification of An accredited laboratory is deemed by an recognized high quality and competence level. What’s this got to do with corrosion? these products could be reduced. The fast track Well, not much, but it has everything to do with accreditation body to meet the requirements It is often advantageous to test products at an was based on the harmonized European standard product durability. This case shows the ability of an applicable standard. For laboratories the accredited laboratory as it guaranties impartiality EN 14605:2005 + A1:2009 and the temporary RISE has, not only solve problems using a cross standard is SS EN ISO/IEC 17025:2018. The and the results are accepted by certification and market acceptance was valid until the end of 2020. functional approach, but also setting up testing accreditation body in Sweden is the government government bodies. and verification methodologies in a short time agency Swedac. The standard covers such topics Our accreditation also gives us the possibility Up and running in 3 weeks while maintaining a high level of quality. as organization of the laboratory, ensuring of the to incorporate new methods and standards by In Borås the work with setting up the testing validity of results, data handling, risk assessment, ourselves. It can be new editions of standards, and infrastructure as well as studying the regulatory More information management systems, metrological traceability standards or methods that we previously were documents and standards started at the end ri.se/en/faster-track-approval- and much more. Two things worth mentioning are not accredited for, if it is within the scope of our of March 2020 and a fully working operational personal-protective-equipment the impartiality and confidentiality clauses. accreditation area. This gives our customer added testing matrix was launched within three weeks. [email protected] The laboratory is bound by the confidentiality flexibility as we can meet their demand in a very This fast launch was made possible by dedicated clause, meaning that in principle no information short time frame. personnel in Borås. These personnel set up the obtained for the purpose of the commission from So, in Borås, Sweden, we can offer testing in an testing procedures and, in some instances, build the costumer as well as information and results accredited fashion, in order to meet your and your equipment in record time. This would not have obtained during the commission can be distri- customer quality requirements. been feasible without a well-developed network buted by the laboratory. Even more important of complementary competences at RISE and is the impartiality clause, where the laboratory More information enthusiastic staff and collaboration between must take steps to not be subjected to financial, ri.se/sv/vad-vi-g or/tjanster/ several units within RISE. economic or other pressures that can influence accelererad-korrosionsprovning- Some methods in the test matrix were our impartiality. We have to assess these risks and saltdimma-och-kondensation ri.se/en/what-we-do/services/ relatively easy to implement, such as tensile must be able to demonstrate how we minimize chemical-resistance testing. Others required a good amount of rapid them when Swedac performs their review. ri.se/en/what-we-do/services/ prototyping to achieve a reproducible and reliable Performing tests and evaluations at an weather-durability-test set up, for instance permeability to chemicals. accredited laboratory ensures an internationally [email protected]

32 33 Carolina Schneiker, RISE JIP Challenging agricultural EvaluatingJIP new environments demands coatingsThin-film for technology steel better coatings for steel Agricultural buildings are harsch environments for steel. This Joint Industrial – a sustainable multi- Project, JIP, aims to study material performance in agricultural buildings and to in agriculture evaluate new coating materials for galvanised steel and coil coated steel with metal concept respect to these environments. There are many potential causes of corrosion environments in selected animal farming How does thin-film technology work on mixed-material structures? As part of a in agricultural buildings. Animals exhale large scenarios. Joint Industrial Project, JIP, researchers at RISE along with several international quantities of moisture and create high relative · To study the effect of galvanic coupling (e.g. companies have examined corrosion protection using thin-film technology during humidity if the moisture is not properly vented. stainless steel, rebar in concrete) on the the pre-treatment of the car body of vehicles. High humidity increases the potential for corrosion resistance of metallic coatings and condensation. In addition, large quantities of on the degradation of coil coating. ammonia may be found, from manure and urine, · To evaluate new coil coating materials with especially during storage and decomposition. respect to these environments. Levels can exceed 50 ppm with lowered winter ventilation rates and reach 100 to 200 ppm in Growing market Achieving effective and long-lasting corrosion – An increasing amount of different materials poorly ventilated buildings. Samples are exposed in agriculture buildings used protection of the car body requires good adhe- are being used in vehicles, and we do not know for chickens and cows, and the JIP also has access sion between the protective paint layer and the how thin-film technology works with mixed mate- Microbes and corrosion to agriculture buildings used for ducks and pigs. metal. Today, the automotive industry primarily rials. If the pre-treatment is not sufficient, the Additional corrosive agents in agricultural – The results are important for the steel indu- utilises phosphate pre-treatment of the car body. paint will not bond to the car body, and corrosion buildings are acids, and salts (from silage and stry worldwide as animal farming is an important The phosphating process has an adverse impact damage can occur if the paint loose adhesion, says feed residues, cleaning agents, fertilizers, and and growing market for the coil coating industry, on the environment because it requires a large Carolina Schneiker. preservatives), and bacteria causing microbiolo- says Nathalie LeBozec. amount of energy and produces large quantities The researchers conducted accelerated corro- gically influenced corrosion. of waste. sion tests designed to simulate the road environ- – We initiated this project due to the need to More information – Since the automotive industry currently uses ment in a laboratory, and mobile exposure tests obtain field data in these complex environments, [email protected] a method that most probably will be prohibited where the samples are exposed on trucks opera- says Nathalie LeBozec, Project Manager. in the future, we must now investigate whether ting daily between Stockholm and . There are relatively few data concerning alternative methods can provide the same degree Mobile exposure tests are an important part of these materials in ammonia, fertilizers and other of corrosion protection as traditional phospha- the study, since this is the actual environment to relevant chemicals for agriculture environments. ting, says Project Manager Carolina Schneiker. which the vehicles will be subjected. – This type of project is rather challenging as That thin-film technology works well in terms – There is high demand from the industry for we need to perform exposures in real agriculture of optimisation based on the properties of a development of alternative methods to phospha- buildings and to measure the climatic conditions single material is already well known. Therefore, ting, so we hope that the results of the study will in these buildings as a function of time, adds this project has focused on studying how well be positive, says Carolina Schneiker. Nathalie LeBozec. pre-treatment with thin-film technology works JIP is fully funded by the automotive industry, for mixed materials. Another interesting aspect with a number of companies sharing the costs and Liquid and atmospheric environments is the method employed to join mixed-materials the results. The aims of the JIP project are: since both the risk of galvanic coupling and the · To study the material performance of metallic geometry of the gap may affect the corrosion More information coatings in both liquid and atmospheric Material performance of metallic coatings are resistance of the car body. [email protected] studied in different agriculture buildings.

34 35 Upcoming events

Plastic for pickling Seminar of Member Research committee (PPC) materials in Consortia Day NOVEMBER 3, 2020 contact with AUTUMN 2021 Location: Online drinking water Location: Stockholm/online Contact: Love Pallon, MARCH OR APRIL 2021 Contact: Jeanette Almquist, [email protected] [email protected] Location: Stockholm/online ri.se/en/mrc-ppc Contact: Mylene Trublet, [email protected] Member Research ri.se/en/what-we-do/networks/ Due to the Covid-19 Consortia Day material-in-contact-with- pandemic, most of our drinking-water NOVEMBER 4, 2020 events are held online. The programs may be Location: Online Contact: Jeanette Almquist, 8th International changed and new events [email protected] Seminar in the scheduled. For updated information, please Field of Automotive contact us. MRC Automotive Corrosion More information MAY 2021 Corrosion Day [email protected] NOVEMBER 10, 2020 Location: Stockholm/online Contact: Carolina Schneiker, Location: Online [email protected] Contact: Carolina Schneiker, ri.se/en/mrc-automotive [email protected] ri.se/en/mrc-automotive MRC spring meetings MRC Soil Day MAY OR JUNE 2021 Location: Stockholm/online DECEMBER 2, 2020 Contact: Jeanette Almquist, Location: Online [email protected] Contact: Erwan Diler, erwan. [email protected]

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