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Impressions and Opinions • University of California Berkeley PAULINE FORE MOFFITT LIBRARY IMPRESSIONS AND OPINIONS Ar^/{/4[^ //c<^j /;/5 Uniform IMPRESSIONS AND OPINIONS BY GEORGE MOORE LONDON T. WERNER LAURIE, LTD. CLIFFORD'S INN 1913 \ PREFACE I PUBLISHER will not bring out a new edition A without a preface, and we find prefaces difficult to write. Three weeks were spent on the preface to Spring Daysj for a long screed had been contem- plated containing many new and ingenious theories of literature but as these did not seem to ; prepare the reader's mind for the book he was going to read, an anecdote was substituted, and a hundred news- papers related that the author had bought up and pilfered as many copies of the original edition as he could, and had thrown them into the Thames. We have nothing so picturesque to tell in the present preface, but merely that the author was sinking in a flood of public disfavour caused by Spring Days^ and the book that followed Spring Days (its name we fear to pronounce), when Impressions and Opinions^ like a big Newfoundland dog, dived after him and brought him to shore. And all that we have to tell of the further career of this book is that it seems to have retained the admiration it first inspired, and to have made some friends in the last twenty years. Those who read us and do not possess this book seem anxious to possess it, and tkose who do possess the book will not part with it except at extravagant vi PREFACE prices. We have heard of three pounds ten shillings being asked for a copy, and when it became necessary to procure one for the preparation of this edition, we were asked fifty shillings. It would have been distasteful to us to spend so much money on our own writings. The story got about, and the book was brought to us one morning in a basket. Our butcher's son had been collecting our writings for some years, and had slipped it in with the beef; and looking at the copy which had come to us in so unexpected a way, we see that we may attribute to David Nutt the great store set upon the first edition of Impressions and Opinions. A book's first life, it is true, depends upon its contents, but two or three years after publi- cation the pagination, the print, the paper, the cover, and the shape of the book begin to attract, and year by year they attract more and more until the book attains the glory of a Chinese vase in which there is nothing but a little dust. We should have liked to reproduce the original edition of Impressions and Opinions^ but the time comes when an author begins to look round the corner after a uniform edition of his works. The form in which Spring Days was published was chosen with that intention, and it was therefore an obligation that Impressions and Opinions should be uniform with Spring Days. A slight mistake was made in the pagination of Spring Days, but that will be rectified when the book is printed again, and as soon as that is done the two books will not too painfully disfigure the shelves of an old mahogany bookcase. In their new form they may be laid upon a satinwood table, PREFACE vii while the reader dozes or lies back to consider whether he our earlier to our later both books prefers style ; are strictly in our first manner, and the reader will not be deceived by the fact that a short article on a article we have Zola has been replaced by longer ; dared this alteration because the longer article seemed to us a more energetic affirmation of our early style than the rejected article. It was written while Im- pressions and Opinions was being written, and may be taken as an example of a style which many critics prefer to our later and more polished style. Among these critics is Mr T. D. O'Bolger of Pennsylvania University who, while in England, did us the great compliment of enquiring out a copy of Impressions and Opinions, and when he had obtained one, of writing to us his appreciations, remarking that Impressions and Opinions was a much better book than Memoirs of my Dead Life. There was no page in this latter book, he said, that could compare with any page of Impressions and Opinions unless, perhaps, the opening pages of Ninon's Table Uhote. Mr O'Bolger's literary perceptions are remarkable, for the opening pages of Ninon^s Table D'hdte were printed verbatim from an earlier version of the story. But Mr O'Bolger's pre- ference for the early manner is not so individual. It seems to us to be part of the literary humour of the present time, which is always to sneer at artistic accomplishment, and to praise the rude and rough manifestations of untutored genius. In the taste of the present day Assyrian sculpture is better than Egyptian, and Phidias is looked upon as being no better than Turgueneff. Balzac has had his day viii PREFACE of favour, but is giving way to the more unculti- vated imaginations of Dostoevsky. Even grammar is out of fashion a richer ; peasant speech yields flavour and as we would win hook or crook ; by by some of the popularity of our great contemporaries, we have not corrected any mistakes, but tried to see them as beauty spots. II Three weeks ago it had seemed to us that all the beauty spots might be accepted without demur, but on looking into the book again the article entitled "Art for the Villa," seemed to us such a ravelled skein that we could not do else than strive to knit it together; and as this proved to be a task beyond our " skill a new article has been substituted entitled, Une Rencontre au Salon," written, we admit it, in our later style. We might have parodied ourselves, put on paint, and and but would be powder, patches ; Mr O'Bolger the first to detect such artifices, and we should have found ourselves for ever out of his favour. G. M. CONTENTS PAGE BALZAC I TURGUENEFF 44 MY IMPRESSIONS OF ZOLA 66 A GREAT POET 85 TWO UNKNOWN POETS (LAFORGUE, RIMBAUD) ... 95 LE REVERS D'UN GRAND HOMME I03 AN ACTRESS OF THE EIGHTEENTH CENTURY . .Ill MUMMER-WORSHIP I20 OUR DRAMATISTS AND THEIR LITERATURE . .139 NOTE ON "ghosts" 162 THEATRE LIBRE 168 ON THE NECESSITY OF AN ENGLISH THEATRE LIBRE . 1 76 MEISSONIER AND THE SALON JULIAN 1 83 UNE RENCONTRE AU SALON 204 DEGAS 218 THE NEW PICTURES IN THE NATIONAL GALLERY . 236 ix IMPRESSIONS AND OPINIONS BALZAC a traveller in the unknown East, standing on the AS last ridge of the last hill, sees a city, and in awe contemplates the walls fabulous with terraces and gates, the domes and the towers clothed in all the light of the heavens, so does the imaginative reader view the vast sections into which the Human Comedy is so eloquently divided—scenes from private life, scenes from provincial life, scenes from Parisian life, scenes from political life, scenes from military life, scenes from country life, philosophical studies, analytical studies. These are the streets and thoroughfares which intersect and divide this of in each division the titles of great city thought ; the volumes rise like spires and pinnacles, and un- consciously the reader passes from story to story like a sightseer through palaces and gardens inexhaustible. Jonah marched three days into Nineveh before he began to preach : Nineveh was small compared with the Human Comedy. I have walked many years in its streets and mused many years on its terraces, but so abundant is that city of thought with all beauty of imaginative design, so resplendent with all jewels of wit, so full of the many enchantments of various love, so terrible with all accents of pain, grief, sorrow, and pathetic melancholy, that the mind may retain only a portion of the wonders there displayed. With Balzac I A 2 BALZAC it is as with a great city, neither can be learnt com- at each fresh the mind loses pletely ; acquirement something hitherto its own. And, when we close the fiftieth volume and take up the first, which we read ten, maybe twenty, years before, what we have not forgotten we read with new lights, for the light of middle age is different from that of youth. Impossible it is then to write an article on Balzac as it is to write one on life itself, and the guide that comes forth from the city to meet the stranger will do well to limit the range of the first excursion. If he is a wise " guide he will say, Let us not attempt too much this first day, let us pass it in some quiet suburb rather than in torrid of the town the magnificences ; come with me and we will examine at leisure some quaint interesting places where the characteristics and the genius of the city may be studied." And even so would I address the reader wholly unacquainted with the Human Comedy. Just as a guide meeting a traveller climbing the last " ridge of the last hill would I address the reader : Come with me," I say, "we will spend the day in a suburb where you will learn much, but the city you must explore yourself, for all who have attempted to explain its beauties have failed.
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