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REPUBLIC OF GREECE MINISTRY OF TRANSPORT AND COMMUNICATIONS INTERNATIONAL AFFAIRS DIVISION

Implementation of the Pan- European Corridors Concept: The case of Corridor X

Secretary: Ch. Taxiltaris, Professor Technical Secretariat Pan-European Members: G. Mintsis, Professor Transport S. Basbas, Assistant Professor Corridor X M. Miltiadou, Transport Engineer S. Varaki, Transport Engineer

Aristotle University of Egnatia Str., 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece, tel.+30 2310 996154, fax +30 2310 996030, [email protected] Website: htttp://edessa.topo.auth.gr/X The Corridors concept

„ Declaration on All-European Transport Policy, 1991 Foresaw the indication of the most important transport routes „ Crete Declaration, 1994 Set of indicative guidelines covering the main infrastructure Corridors for the various transport modes Definition of nine Corridors „ Declaration, 1997 Definition of Corridor X Definition of Transport Areas Overall objective: promote sustainable, efficient transport systems Sub-objective: promote rehabilitation or reconstruction of problematic links, giving priority to measures, which better exploit existing infrastructures Mean: collective and coordinated effort of all parties concerned in order to ensure appropriate investment schemes Definition of Corridor X %[ SALZBU RG „ 2.300km roads Y# %[ Î „ 2.528km railways

GRAZ Y# # „ 12 airports #

# SZEGED # # MARIBOR Y# „ # 4 sea- & river- ports # Y# SUBOTICA # # Main Axis:%[ # LJU BLJAN A # # ZAG REB

%[ # SalzburgSLOVENIA – – ZagrebCROATIA – Beograd – NisNOVI – SAD – Î Y# VelesÎ – Thessaloniki ## # # # # %[ Î # # Branch A: # Î # (Austria) – MariborBOSNIA-HERZEGOVINA () – ()

Branch B: # %[ # NIS Budapest (Hungary) – Novi SadSARAJEVO () – Beograd Y# ## ## # # (Serbia) # # # Î # %[ # SERBIA-MONTENEGRO # Branch C: # ITA LY Nis (Serbia) – Sofia (Bulgaria) and further via Corridor IV Î to # SKOPJE %[ # # VELES Branch D: # F.Y.R.O.M. # # # Veles (F.Y.R.O.M.) – Bitola (F.Y.R.O.M.) – Florina (Greece) # # %[ TIRANE # and further via Florina – Kozani (via Egnatia) to # GREECE # Y# Y# Igoumenitsa THESSALONIKI FLO RIN A Î Structures for the development of Corridor X

„ Preparative meetings of delegations of countries concerned and representatives of the European Commission and other International Organizations „ 15 2001: Signing of a Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) by the Ministers of Transport of the participating countries and the European Commission „ MoU Aim: Cooperation for the development of Corridor X infrastructure, operation and use Means for implementation of the MoU: „ General rules on studies „ Exchange of information „ Agreement on technical standards providing interoperability „ Border crossings and customs cooperation „ Framework for the participation of private sector and International Financial Institutions „ Definition of priorities, budgets, time-plans for specific measures Coordination by the Steering Committee Steering Committee for the implementation of the MoU

„ Delegates of the eight countries participating in Corridor X and representative of the European Commission + observers (International Organizations and third countries) „ Meets at least once a year „ Chaired by Greek Ministry of Transport since 1999 until 2007 „ Supported by a Technical Secretariat (T.S.) Assigned to the Department of Transportation and Hydraulic Engineering of the Faculty of Surveying Engineering of Aristotle University of Thessaloniki The role of the Technical Secretariat of Corridor X (1/3)

„ Collection and evaluation of existing information and relevant studies with respect to Corridor X „ Coordination and monitoring approach: Annual questionnaire based surveys in all countries of Corridor X Extended on-site visits for expertise and meetings with members of the road and rail authorities and organizations in each country Collection of reports from various sources (international and national organizations) about Corridor X International cooperation „ European Commission – DG TREN „ Other Corridors in the area „ UN/ECE Transport Division „ European Investment Bank „ Infrastructure Steering Group of the Joint office for SEE of EC and World Bank The role of the Technical Secretariat of Corridor X (2/3)

„ Data analysis – Development and maintenance of a Database and a relevant Geographic Information System (GIS) „ Dissemination of results: Reports, papers, conferences, Website „ Inventory of existing studies and evaluation and exploitation of their results „ Suggestions for the terms of references for new studies „ Examination of conditions providing interoperability and promoting intermodality „ Assistance to participating countries for the involvement of the private sector and International Financial Institutions „ Traffic flows forecasting study for definition of priority needs for projects The role of the Technical Secretariat of Corridor X (3/3)

„ Contribution to the optimization of border crossing operations and procedures Questionnaire-based survey On-site visits for expertise Constitution of a Working Group under the Steering Committee for the improvement of border crossings along Corridor X „ Huddled three times already „ Protocol for cooperation of all authorities involved in border crossing procedures to be signed in spring 2006 „ Exchange of information with South East Europe Transport Observatory (SEETO) – Technical Secretariat for the implementation of the SEE Core Network State of of Road Corridor X

„ Total length: 2.299,6km

„ 59% of the road network consists of motorways

„ Permitted maximum speed along the road axis: 120km/h (in most of the parts)

„ Description of existing and future infrastructure: Main Axis: 1.451,4km [1.164,6km (80%) motorways – 1.306,3km (90%) by 2008] Branch A: 163,4km [90km (55%) motorways – 147km (90%) by 2012] Branch B: 352,9km [99km (28%) motorways – (100%) by 2009] Branch C: 191,8km [142km (74%) motorways by 2010] Branch D: 140,1km [rehabilitation plans to be defined]

„ By 2012 Road Corridor X will be constructed and will operate in motorway profile at great extend and if accompanied by measures at border crossings would be fully operational

%[ VIENNA PAN-EUROPEAN ROAD CORRIDOR X BUDAPEST Y# %[ AUSTRI A Î

GRAZ Y# #

HUNGARY #

# SZEGED # # MARIBOR Y# ROMANIA

# # Y# 41,9km SUBOTICA # constructed # %[ # LJUBLJANA # # ZAGREB

%[ # SLOVENIA CROATIA Î Y# Î ## # # # # %[ BELGRADE Î # # # Î # BOSNIA-HERZEGOVINA

#

%[ BULGARIA # NIS Y### # # # # SOFIA # # # Î # %[ # LEGEND SERBIA-MONTENEGRO # #

%[ CAPITAL Y# MAIN CITY # START / END OF SECTION Î 2. ROAD CATEGORY (ACTUAL) # %[ Motorway SKOPJE # # 25,3km Highway VELES constructed Other main road # Not applicable F.Y.R.O.M. # # #

#

# %[ TIRANE # # GREECE # Y# Y# ALBANIA THESSALONIKI FLORINA Î Progress of motorway construction on Road Corridor X since 2001

Total Constructed Planned Part of Country Section Length Length Completion of Corridor X (km) (km) Construction in 2005 (km) Main Axis Slovenia Bic – Obrezje 75,5 46,7 - Slovenia Vrba – Naklo 20,9 4,3 - Croatia Velika Kopanica – Zupanja 24,13 24,13 - Croatia Zagreb – Bregana 13 13 - Serbia Belgrade bypass 35,5 16,8 - F.Y.R.O.M. Gradsko – Demir Kapija 31,5 25,3 6,2 Branch A Slovenia Maribor – Gruskovje 38,8 2,4 - Branch B Hungary Kiskunfelegyhaza – 46,2 -46,2 Szeged Total 332,23 A = 132,63 B = 52,4

⇒ 132,63km (40%) constructed in the period 2001-2004 ⇒ A+B = 185,03km (55,7%) by the end of 2005 State of play of Rail Corridor X

„ Total length: 2528,2km

„ 64% Single track alignment – 36% Double track alignment

„ 89% Electrified

„ Description of existing and future infrastructure: Main Axis: 1742,3km (55% single track alignment – Fully electrified) Branch A: 154,3km (70% double track alignment – Fully electrified) Branch B: 305,6km (96% single track alignment – Fully electrified) Branch C: 161,0km (95% single track alignment – 90% diesel) Branch D: 165,0km (100% single track alignment – Fully diesel)

„ 12% Sufficiently maintained (+ 10% in Austria probably + 22%) – 71% Medium of maintenance – 7% Poor maintenance

„ Limited investments for the improvement of the railway infrastructure of almost the whole (90%) network have been planned by 2010 SLOVAKIA

%[ VIENNA SALZBURG PAN-EUROPEAN RAIL CORRIDOR X # Y# %[ BUDAPEST AUSTRI A Î

GRAZ Y# HUNGARY SZEGED # # MARIBOR # SUBOTICA

# LJUBLJANA %[ ZAGREB ROMANIA %[ # CROATIA SLOVENIA Î NOVI SAD # # # Î #

# Î %[ BELGRADE Î

# BOSNIA-HERZEGOVINA

%[ BULGARIA NIS SARAJEVO Y# SOFIA Î LEGEND SERBIA- MONTENEGRO %[

%[ CAPITAL Y# MAIN CITY

# START / END OF SECTION 2. DOUBLE TRACK ALIGNMENT (ACTUAL - %) Î 0% (100% single track) F.Y.R.O.M. ITALY %[ 1 - 40%

41 - 80% SKOPJE # VELES 81 - 99% #

100% double track # Not applicable # No data %[ TIRANE # Y# # Y THESSALONIKI ALBANIA FLORINA Î GREECE Effective investments on Corridor X during the last decade

Country Investments Period Sector (millions of euros) Austria 499,5 1996 – 2002 Railways Slovenia 819,7 1994 – 2004 Roads and railways (data for roads only for 2003-04) Croatia 89,5 2003 – 2004 Roads and railways Hungary 367,5 1994 – 2002 Roads and railways Serbia 66,8 1994 – 2002 Railways Bulgaria No data - - F.Y.R. of Macedonia 25,8 1994 – 2002 Railways Greece 47,5 2003 – 2004 Railways 1,92billions of euros Estimation of required investments on Corridor X

„ Road Corridor X ~ 4boEuros 41,84% (1,67boEuros) committed Required investments: 2,33boEuros

„ Rail Corridor X ~ 4boEuros 1,8% (71,2moEuros) committed Required investments: 3,93boEuros

TOTAL REQUIREMENTS: 8bns Euros

REQUIREMENTS FOR NEW PROJECTS: 6,26bns Euros Conclusions

„ Corridor X: Backbone of the Core Transport Network of the Western Balkans Priority for the European Commission HLG-2 Model for other, less developed, Corridors Based on the will of the countries „ Role of Corridor X’s structures: Encouraging to development efforts per country Mechanism able to present Corridor X at every turn and the perspectives of the Corridor in function with decisions and initiatives Observatory of the progress of implementation Basis for documentation of existing situation and development planning Corridor X Website http://edessa.topo.auth.gr/X