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A Brief History of South St A brief history of South St. Paul and map of historic sites acing spring floods in 1826 Dakota Chief Big 1887 Birth of the City of South St. Paul Thunder, Little Crow IV, moved his village of Industry in South Park and the stockyards to the FKaposia from the east bank of the Mississippi River south fostered a population explosion along the river, to the west bank. Kaposia’s heritage and site are the the future South St. Paul area. New businesses, work - foundation of today’s South St. Paul. ers, and families required services from sewers and water to police and fire fighters to grocers, schools, Kaposia - 1826 to 1853 and churches. To provide the services, South Park and Big Thunder welcomed missionaries and teach - stockyards leaders proposed incorporating as a city. ers to Kaposia. When Red Nation, Little Crow V, The township leaders, primarily farmers, decided to succeded Big Thunder in 1845 steamboats routinely join in forming the new city. stopped at the village. In 1851 Red Nation signed the On March 2, 1887, the entire West St. Paul town - treaty transferring Indian lands west of the ship became the City of South St. Paul. In three days Mississippi to the United States for money and the first city meeting was held at the McClung reservation lands. In 1853 Red Nation moved his School near Annapolis and Oakdale. village to a Minnesota River reservation. The name Kaposia and its mission buildings remained. Industry versus the Farm Nine years later Little Crow V led the Dakota It quickly became obvious that western farmers’ people in the largest Indian war in U.S. history. expectations were not compatible with those of industry and stockyards people in the east. Initially 1853 to 1886 westerners dominated the city council but 1888 elec - When Dakota County opened to settlement in tions shifted the power. The east won virtually every 1853 the South St. Paul area was quickly claimed. contest. Frustrated, western leaders obtained state Several claims were made by individual mission approval to form their own city. The City of West St. workers. Kaposia was the first Dakota County seat Paul organized on February 22, 1889, with five and post office location. The seat was moved to northwestern sections of the former South St. Paul. Mendota the next year and later to Hastings. A new City of South St. Paul was created includ - In 1858 Dakota County organized its first town - ing approximately six northeastern sections of the ships. The South St. Paul area was part of West St. former city. Four remaining southern sections were Paul Township. That township extended from added to Inver Grove township. today’s Delaware Ave. east to the Mississippi River and from 60th Street in today’s Inver Grove Heights The new city of South St. Paul north to the Mississippi. In 1874 Ramsey County The Stockyards Exchange Building, completed annexed the northern portion of the township creat - in 1887, served as a city hall until a new one could ing St. Paul’s West Side. be built. On July 28, 1890 South St. Paul’s first real In 1886 Charles Clark acquired township prop - city hall opened its doors on the bluff in the fork of erty along the river including the Kaposia area. Soon Grand and Third Avenues. after, Alpheus Stickney laid plans for a stockyards European immigrants soon arrived seeking along the river. A major change was in the making! employment, thus resulting in a diverse population. G South St. Paul Some memorable places Population in the history of the 1890... 2,242 1900... 2,322 1910... 4,510 1920... 6,860 1930.. 10,009 City of 1940.. 11,844 1950.. 15,909 1960.. 22,032 South St. Paul 1970.. 25,016 1980.. 21,235 1990.. 20,197 2000.. 20,167 A Village of Kaposia N The Dakota Indian village occu - pied several sites within the city between 1826 and 1853. The most likely location in a Seth Eastman painting is Bryant and Concord, logical as a steamboat landing, B A mission setting, and 1853 county seat. Site markers are at Concord J and Butler and a quarter mile south on Concord. M D F H E B Bryant Block in South Park P In 1886 C. W. Clark envisioned a O C K I planned community in northern South St. Paul, “South Park.” Plans called for industry between Concord and the river, retail serv - ices along the street, and housing on the hill. At Concord and Bryant L a grocery store often served as a church. The adjacent three-story former Odd Fellows Hall still stands as an apartment building. Prepared by W. G. Wolston 0905 E H C Central High School Central High opened with 40 stu - The Stockyards dents in January 1907 at today’s South St. Paul City Hall The St. Paul Union Stockyards Central Square location. The first The first City Hall building opened on June 30, 1886, when and second floors held 16 class - opened its doors on July 28, railroad man Alpheus B. Stickney rooms. The third floor had an 800 1890, at the intersection of Grand brought men and money together seat auditorium. to build and service a stockyards. and Third Ave. N. Following its He selected 260 acres between demolition in 1954, the site I the river and the bluff. Fill was became Lawshe Park. moved from the bluff to raise the F land five feet, creating a flat area Armour & Co. suitable for railroad tracks, road - With construction starting in 1917 ways, and hundreds of livestock and completed in 1919, Armour & pens and chutes. Company opened its state-of-the- art meat packing plant with about Located in the natural hub of one 2,500 employees. At its peak dur - of the nation’s most productive Swift & Co. ing WWII, it employed 4,000 livestock and agricultural areas, Chicago’s Swift & Co. estab - with an annual payroll of 26 mil - South St. Paul’s public market lished a meat packing plant in lion dollars. The brick gates served as the pulse of the 1897 with 300 employees. which opened to the plant are still Northwest livestock economy Twenty years later, more than standing. Many members of its and became the largest market 3,500 people were employed, work force became civic leaders. from 1974 to 1981. At its peak, with a peak of 5,000 during J more than 5,000,000 head of live - WWII. Its annual payroll topped stock were handled annually, 23 million dollars. Swift’s whis - resulting in millions of dollars tles became the city’s time piece. changing hands. Swift’s expansions brought many The Monorail managers and engineers who On May 9, 1888, Charles Clark’s D became civic leaders and consult - electric monorail carried passen - ants for municipal projects. gers up and down Bryant Hill to Concord Street. A plaque is at the G Clark Memorial Church at 15th and Bryant. K Stockyards Exchange Building St. Paul Bridge The Exchange Building opened and Terminal Railway in 1887 at Grand and Concord as A Mississippi bridge and 5 miles the nucleus of the stockyards. It of track provided essential stock - South St. Paul Public Library housed commission firms, rail - yards services. Built by Stickney The American Legion was instru - road offices, banks, a post office, in 1907, this line moved thou - mental in funding this beautiful a radio station, even a temporary sands of stock cars holding mil - colonial-style library on Third city hall. Every office had a fire - lions of heads of livestock Avenue which was built in 1927. place. It is on the National between the Pig’s Eye Transfer The South St. Paul library preced - Register of Historic Places. Yard and the stockyards. ed the Dakota County system. L M National Register of Historic Places O In addition to the Stockyards Exchange Building, the Serbian Concord Street Without question, Concord Stre et and hardware stores, beauty and Home on Third Ave. S., built in was South St. Paul’s most historic barber shops, restaurants, numer - 1923, and St. Stefan’s Romanian place. To review its significance ous saloons, pool halls, rooming Church on Grand Ave. W. built in would take volumes. houses, and a movie theater. 1924, became National Register A few historic buildings sur - Today the Stockyards Exchange sites in 1992 and 2004 respectively. vive on today’s Concord Exchange Building, matching the city in (“Old Concord”) and a few more age, prompts memories and tales can be seen on South Park’s of yesterday. Concord and immediate vicinity. Today a business park is Concord was the path to Swift’s, located in the space formerly N Armour’s, the stockyards and vir - occupied by Swift & Company, tually every store in town. the north end of the formerly For years downtown South sprawling stockyards complex, Fleming Field St. Paul was at Concord and and Armour & Company. Along The Hook-Em-Cow flying club Grand. Thousands passed this the Mississippi River’s edge is a field was a year old when point daily on foot, horse, and green space which offers a pictur - acquired in 1940 for U.S. Navy streetcar and later by car, bus, and esque river walk, picnic areas and flight training. Hangars housed truck. a boat launch. 100 Stearman bi-planes. Buildings such as the Schult, Fortunately, the people who In the early 1950s the field was Flat Iron, Hamm, Anderson, built a booming economy also transferred to the City of South St. Grand Mill, Hub, Stockyards fostered a proud and resilient Paul.
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