l/ Vol. XVI No. 2 February, 1961 INFORMATION ISSUED BY THE ASSOCIATION OF JEWISH REFUGEES IN GREAT BRITAIN

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Robert Weltsch the meantime the Zionist workers' movement had sounded the call to emigration, and the youth of war-weary Europe had responded ZIONISM IN THE PAST AND TODAY with enthusiasm. There arose in Russia the Zeire Zion movement, in Galicia the Hashomer The Zionist Congress which has just ended in grants who had based their hopes on an Hazair, and in Palestine every conceivable Jerusalem has been a disappointment to many unspecified invitation extended in platform shade of socialist ideology, all demanding the Zionists, but it could be a stepping-stone to a speeches were disappointed on arrival. The establishment of a new order of society, at once revision of organisational forms and of prac- establishment of a new department of the Jewish national and socialist. These endeavours "Cal Jewish thought if the proper conclusions Agency will not solve the problem. One has probably found their clearest expression in the ^redrawn from it. also to consider the political and moral aspects. memorable conference of the Hapoel Hazair at This would, of course, require almost super- Public opinion in Israel might well ask itself Prague in 1920, a meeting of Palestinian labour. "UiTian effort and moral courage such as are whether some of the reproaches it levels might East European Zeire Zionists and West Euro­ not to be found as a rule among people in a not rebound on itself. Several occurrences in pean intellectuals. It had been summoned by ^ass movement. It may be painful to old Israel just while the Congress was sitting can­ Joseph Sprinzak (for Hapoel Hazair), Elieser ^lonists, but it is difficult to conceal that with not be evaluated as strengthening the attraction Kaplan (for Zeire Zion), and Hugo Bergmann ^e growth of Israeli realities the Zionist of Israeli society for immigrants from free (West European intellectuals), and among its yrganisation has ceased to be a forum for countries; by the way, these occurrences held dominating figures were A. D. Gordon, Martin independent thought, or for an attempt to define the Israeli public much more spellbound than Buber, Chaim Arlosoroff. In those days the and tackle the real Jewish problem of 1961. did the Congress. magic word was " realisation "—as opposed to f' is rather a battlefield of old-established These remarks are not intended to suggest the mere verbosity of current Zionism. Every jnterests, especially of the various political that Western immigration to Israel is undesir­ kind of organisation was disparaged, every type parties of Israel which apply to it a purely able or impossible ; it could be a blessing for of party formation rejected; what mattered Pportunist point of view. They are anxious Israel and perhaps for the Jewish people as a was the individual life, the "salvation of the o acquire additional power, or to get a larger whole. But nothing is as dangerous here as nation through the salvation of the individual" nare of the funds which the Jewish Agency over-simplification. The problem requires much (Gordon). That this finally led to the forma­ as still the right to allocate in Israel, especi- more serious attention, within the framework of tion of a party is only one of the paradoxes ly now that certain American regulations may the Jewish situation in the 1960s. It should which confirm the inadequacy of the human P^t obstacles in the way of the direct handing be approached honestly, in an analytical spirit will. . ^'" of these funds to the Government of which does not obscure the facts and does not The terminological antithesis between Zion­ rael (as Ben-Gurion would naturally prefer), appeal to sentiments rooted in a philosophy of ists and immigrants was even more evident to *f^ ^^^ Congress could be a stepping-stone the past. later, when in times of want and persecution reform, because its performance must have Duties of a Zionist people sought asylum wherever it was to be f|J^?e it clear to all but the most cynical that The controversy as to whether Zionism found, and also in Palestine. It would be strain­ les'^^ Pi'^^nt form it is out-moded and sense- implies the duty to settle in Israel or not, is by ing the truth to call these refugees Zionists; but so^' n"*^ ''^ effect on onlookers repulsive. The no means new. Zionism has often been criticised it can be argued that convictions are unimport­ ^^-called General Debate, in which an endless as hypocrisy, but the fact remains that from ant and only the social reality matters which p '^^'on of shallow speeches, composed of the very beginning of the Movement more than was emerging with the growth of the Yischuv. lik'^ slogans and propaganda cliches, sounded 60 years ago nobody thought that " Zionism " To expand the Yischuv at all costs was con­ lik^ S'^^'^ophone records, seemed singularly entailed the acceptance of obligations in actual sidered by many as more important than real ^•P'"°*^^'^"''e adopted for the evasion of the life, not even in such relatively simple matters Zionist philosophy. " Al- '*?"^^- The opening proclamation of as the learning of the Hebrew tongue, let alone In the course of the years more and more m^J,^^'' from the West" as the main object of resettlement in Palestine. Such additional influence was gained by the groups which ngress was a gesture intended to reconcile actions were admired, and sometimes treated identified Zionism with personal realisation. who"°^ leading "anti-Zionist", Ben-Gurion, to an indulgent smile. They were not regarded That their personal interests were closely bound ^ ^ants to get rid of an organisation whose as concomitants of Zionism, which merely up with life in Palestine enabled them to pro­ mbers call themselves Zionists without required recognition of the Basle programme, ceed with far greater energy and practical ^'•I'ng in Israel. payment of the shekel, and fulfilment of the knowledge than the majority of Zionists, who tQ """'""sly enough, the sharpest antagonism party's organisational duties. It was felt that a were merely members of the Organisation. DreGERMANY {Continued from page 1) GERMAN WAR CRIMES COMMISSION PROGRESS IN INDEMNIFICATION to emigrate unless they were forced to. The SUCCESSFUL leaders of the new State, anxious to increase Up to the end of 1960 the Land Northrhine- the population at all costs and unable to count Since its inception two years ago, the Central Westphalia had settled 365,000 claims of the total on the Zionist masses, had to organise immi­ War Crimes Commission in Ludwigsburg, estab­ of 607,000. This was stated by Mr. Dufhues, the lished by the German authorities, has opened Minister of the Interior of that Land. Altogether, gration artificially from countries whose Jews investigations against 764 persons. Four hundred so far 2,000 million DM. had been spent for had never heard of Zionism. The failure of cases have been turned over to the competent indemnification payments in his district. The the proclamation of the State of Israel to pro­ local authorities for prosecution. Two hundred Minister stressed that a wide interpretation of the duce any radical change derived from hard and sixty cases have been attached to other indemnification laws was not onlv legally and social facts, against which ideologies are in vain. investigations already in progress. morally justified, but also a vital necessity for Incrimination and anger cannot get rid of this the Federal Republic as a genuine expression of HAMBURG INVESTIGATES NAZI COURT Germany's readiness to try to undo the wrongs. fact. In the twelve years after 1948 a new situation FILES SENTENCE FOR SWASTIKA DISPLAY has become stabilised, and the division of the Investigations of the files of the Nazi " Sonder­ Jewish people into Israel and the Diaspora is gericht" in Hamburg revealed that five judges who are still in office participated in proceedings Emil Lippeck was sentenced in Frankfurt to to all intents and purposes an accepted fact. four months' imprisonment for publicly displaying As far as personal life is concerned, the Zionists and may be guilty of judicial murder. They have been advised by the Hamburg Senator of Justice a swastika on his coat last February. in the Diaspora are in the van of Diaspora to resign. Further investigations of the files are Jewry. And so it has always been, although still pending. TRIAL OF S.S. GENERAL the fact has frequently been hidden by a mist The Nuernberg Law Court opened the trial of of hazy rhetorics. Ideologies, which have been DR. OBERHEUSER'S LICENCE former S.S. General Erich von dem Bach-Zelewski, the basis of powerful historical movements, WITHDRAWN He is charged with participation in mass execu­ have often been affected by the transition from In Kiel, Dr. Herta Oberheuser, the former S.S. tions near Minsk in 1940-42, and with complicity generation to generation; it is always diflicult woman doctor at Ravensbrueck concentration in the murders during the " Roehm Putsch ". to fit the old theories on to present reality. camp, was instructed by the Schleswig-Holstein This purging process, however, is inevitable. Minister of Interior to refrain immediately from WEIMAR FOREIGN OFFICE FILES The Zionist Organisation can only continue to any further medical practice. She has lodged an exist if it looks facts in the face and does not appeal against this decision. Research by Intemational Commission pretend to be something it is not, and never NAZI SENTENCED An International Commission of Historians met was, namely a revolutionary migration move­ in Bonn to start scrutinising the files of the ment embracing the lives of all its members (as Accused of murdering more than 200 prisoners, German Foreign OfRce during the period of the was, for instance, the mystic movement in the Gottlieb Muzikant, former medical orderly at the Weimar Republic with the view to using them for era of Sabbatai Zvi). Zionism has always Melk concentration camp during the war, was historiography. The initiative for the scheme had prided itself that it has nothing to do with sentenced to hard labour for life by the Fulda been taken by the Bonn Foreign Office. This is romanticism of this kind, but demands rational­ court. the first time that historical research of this kind istic action, progressive in the modern sense Muzikant told the court he did not consider is carried out by an international commission, (as the saying goes), in which institutions, and enemies of the State as human beings. Witnesses and it is hoped that it will result in an unbiased described the defendant's unspeakable atrocities description of the political events between 1918 not passions, have the decisive voice. and the prosecutor said he was a mass murderer and 1933. The commission comprises historians It has become apparent that the Zionist whose brutality could hardly be surpassed, from France, Great Britain (Alan Bullock and Movement is not identical with Israel. It can­ Ronald Wheatly), the United States and the AUSCHWITZ TRIAL German Federal Republic (Prof. Hans Rothfels not be, since the structure of a State forbids a and Prof. Fritz Epstein). division of its citizens according to their views. Investigations by Frankfurt Prosecutor From this fact the consequence should be SCHOOLCHILDREN CONDEMN drawn, Zionism should be defined as a move­ According to the Frankfurt prosecutor, pre­ NAZISM ment of Diaspora Jews concerned with Israel. liminary investigation of hundreds of Germans believed to have committed crimes at Auschwitz, In Lower Saxony, Hamburg and Bremen, 550 It is unnecessary to stress that Zionism implies may be completed in under six months. The trial a relationship with Israel. But it cannot fulfil schoolchildren aged from 15 to 18 took part in will take place, if not this year, in 1962. an opinion survey conducted over the last two its role if it does not keep its intellectual years. Most of them condemned the Nazi perse­ independence from Israel. As a conformist Ex-Commandant Baer Arrested cution of the Jews. sycophant or as an unconditional " yes-man " Richard Baer, the last commandant of Ausch­ They deplored the fact that many adults failed a Zionist would be useless. Zionism can play a to answer their questions on the past. Regarding part, perhaps even a decisive one, if in due witz, where 2,000,000 Jews lost their lives, has been captured in the Hamburg suburb of Dassen- anti-Semitism, a number telt that as it was hardly course it can put into practice what Emst dorf. understandable why Jews should be opposed and Simon calls " critical identification ". Zionists Baer went into hiding after his flight from persecuted the world over, they probably bore in the Diaspora can create a standard in politi­ Auschwitz, under the name of Carl Egon Neu­ part of the guilt. Most of them criticised the cal, economic and, above all, moral questions, mann, and worked as an employee of the forestry older generation tor having obeyed Hitler blindly; which will in the long run prove indispensable at the Bismarck estate of Friedrichsruh. He was Only four pupils approved wholly of the Nazi for the spiritual existence of Jewry. In order captured after a nation-wide search was begun and persecution of Jews. to do this, however, the Zionist Movement must a reward offered for information leading to his AUSTRIAN NAZIS SENTENCED first gain its inner autonomy. The Israeli arrest. parties and pressure groups have enough scope S.S. LEADERS ARRESTED IN BERLIN In Vienna, terms of imprisonment ranging from elsewhere. What is needed is a renewal of three to nine months have been meted out to thought within Diaspora Zionism. West Berlin Police arrested the former S.S. four men for engaging in neo-Nazi activities, Colonel, Oswald Schaefer, and the former S.S. especially in youth organisations. The accused Perhaps this Congress at which also Major, Wilhelm Wiebens. They are accused of acted insolently in court, and unsuccessfully " affiliated " non-Zionist groups were present, having participated in the murder of Jews in demanded the return of confiscated Nazi has provided an incentive in this direction. Russia during the War. literature. Gorta RadioTision Service Fenchtwanger (London) Ltd. (Member R.T.R.A,) 13, Frogaal Parade, Bankers FincUey Road, N.WJ BASILDON HOUSE, 7^11, MOORGATE, E.C.2 SALES REPAIRS All Leading Makes Supplied Telephone: METropolitan 8151 Electrical Appliances Stoclied Representing : Mr. Gort wilt always be pleased lo I. L. FEUCHTWANOER BANK LTD, FEUCHTWANGER CORPORATION advise you. TBL-AVIV : JERUSALEM : HAIEA 52 BROADWAY. NEW YORK. 4, NY, IHAM. 8635) AJR INFORMATION February, 1961 Page 3 ANGLO-JUDAICA HOME NEWS Britain's Donation to Univeisity T.V. BROADCAST BY REV. W. W. SIMPSON NEW YEAR HONOURS An amount of approximately £50,000 has been " Seeing and Believing" was the title of a raised by British Jewry to help establish the new particularly impressive T.V. broadcast by the Knighthood for Bamett Janner Rabbi Israel Brodie Chair of Education at Bar- Rev. W. W. Simpson, General Secretary of the Ilan University in Israel. The inauguration was Council of Christians and Jews, on January Sth. Mr. Barnett Janner, M.P., has been made a held in the presence of Chief Rabbi Dr. Brodie, The conception of the victorious church and the Knight Bachelor in the Prime Minister's List of the British Ambassador to Israel, and Mr. Bamett subdued synagogue, symbolised not only by the the New Year Honours. He received the award Janner, M.P., President of the Board of Deputies. famous relief at Strassburg Cathedral but also as President of the Board of Deputies of British by similar sculptures in this country, has Jews. This is the first time a President of the Cancer Fund Gift dominated through many centuries, he said. It Board of Deputies has been created a knight must be replaced by mutual understanding and in connection with that oflBce. Mr. Lawrence Kostoris, a member of the Coun­ co-operation on equal terms. The talk was cil of Manchester and Salford Jews, has donated Sir Bamett, who is 68, is also President of the £5,000 towards a fund for fighting cancer. The enhanced by glimpses into a synagogue where the Zionist Federation of Great Britain and Ireland. Ark and the Scroll were shown, by readings from gift was made to the Christie Hospital, South He has been a Labour Member of Parliament Manchester, where Mr. Kostoris is a patient, as relevant literature and by the recital of a Jewish since 1945, but previously he was the Liberal and a Christian hymn. an expression of gratitude. Three years ago Mr. Member for Whitechapel and St. George's from Kostoris also donated a considerable amount for 1931 to 1935. POLISH JEWS IN BRITAIN a veranda at the children's ward of the hospital, Prince Philip sent a telegram of congratulations Polish Jews in Britain, who number about to the new knight. Sir Bamett, who was at the Chiistmas He^ for Hospitals 50,000, have formed a new organisation to be time attending the Zionist Congress in Jemsalem Known as the Association of Jews of Polish as a member of the British delegation, was also Volunteers of Ajex relieved hospital staffs so J^rigin in Great Britain, sponsored by the Associa­ publicly congratulated by the Chairman, Mr. that they could go on leave for a few hours on tion of Polish-Jewish Ex-Servicemen, the Federa­ Moshe Sharett. Christmas Day. At the Hackney Hospital alone tion of Polish Jews and the Nahum Sokolow 129 people placed their services at the Matron's society. The AJR, in its congratulatory message, disposal. Members of the Youth Association ot Unlike the newcomers from Germany, Austria expressed its gratitude for Sir Bamett's constant Synagogues in Great Britajn also undertook hos­ or the Baltic States, Polish Jews in this country interest in the specific questions of the Jews from pital duties. Germany and Austria in this country and the nave been split into a variety of small "lands- " The Jewish Chronicle " Lauded Rianschaften and into the three organisations effective help he has rendered them on numerous Which have now decided to sponsor a joint repre­ occasions. At the opening in Jemsalem of the preparatory sentative body. Because of that lack of unity, conference of the proposed World Union of Jewish tne voice of Polish Jewry and its interests have Two Jews from Germany Awarded Journalists Mr. Ben-Gurion, in an impromptu peen ignored on important occasions and in speech, cited only The Jewish Chronicle as an Important matters, such as the Jewish Claims example of a good Diaspora newspaper. This •-onference. Two Jews from Germany were included in the was mentioned when the Israeli Premier joined list of New Year honours. Professor Ernest issue over complaints that Israeli newspapers paid LORD MAYOR AT BEVIS MARKS Walter Julius Simon, Emeritus Professor of Chinese at the University of London, was made a insufficient attention to happenings in the Jewish On Februarv 4th. the Lord Mayor of London. C.B.E. Professor Simon was born in Berlin in world. *'r Bernard W'aley-Cohen, will attend the Sabbath 1893 and became Extraordinary Professor at Jewish Hospital to be Modernised morning service at the Bevis Marks Synagogue. Berlin University. He came to London in 1934, where he became lecturer at the School of Work on the modernisation and development of JEWISH J.P. FOR SOUTHEND Oriental Studies. He was appointed Reader in the out-patient and casualty departments of the The first Jewish person ever to become a magis- Chinese in 1938 and Professor in 1947. London Jewish Hospital, which will take about "^te in Southend is Mrs. Judith Joy Harris, who An O.B.E. was awarded to Dr. Max Gruenhut, a year to complete, has started. The cost of the ^s been appointed a Justice of the Peace. lately Reader in Criminology at the University of scheme will be about £60,000, of which £25,000 Oxford. Prior to his emigration Dr. Gruenhut has been donated by a grant from the Wolfson was Professor at Bonn University. Foundation and the rest from the hospital's own funds, Other Awards Hebrew Seminar Ackermans The awards also include a knighthood for This year's winter Hebrew Seminar at Carmel Professor Alexander Oppenheim, Vice-Chancellor College, under the joint auspices of the Friends of the University of Malaya. He was born in of the Zionist Federation Educational Tmst and Salford, Lanes, in 1903. the Jewish Agency Education Department, is being Mr. Maurice Ashkanasy, Q.C, of Melbourne, attended by as many as 240 young people. A few Chocolates Australia, received the C.M.G. in recognition of of the lectures are being given in English, which his public and legal services. Mr. Ashkanasy is is proving a popular concession. De Luxe a Director of the Claims Conference and the United Restitution Oflfice and has represented Film Premiire for J.N.F. Australian Jewry at intemational conferences. The world premifere of the Dmitri de Grunwald IN BEAUTIFULLY DESIGNED Mr, James Frederick Kapnek received the production. " Mr. Topaze", is to be held at the PRESENTATION BOXES C.B.E. for services to the University College of Carlton Theatre, Hayraarket, on March 20th, in Rhodesia and Nyasaland. Mr. Leslie David aid of the Jewish National Fund and the National received an O.B.E. for services to commerce in Playing Fields Association. Peter Sellers, who the State of New South Wales, Australia. Mr. is starred in the tide role, also makes his debut as MARZIPAN William Woolf Harris also received an O.B.E. a director. The Duke of Edinburgh is to attend for political and public services in London. Mr. the premifere. Harris is a Chairman of the Bench at Bow Street SPEOAUnES Magistrates' Court. He is a member of the New Wing for Irish Home National Executive and a former Treasurer of the Trades Advisory Council and is a member The Chief Rabbi of Ireland. Dr. Isaac Cohen, of the Liberal Jewish Synagogue. has stated that in view of the waiting list for the Old Age Home, it is expected that a new wing will be opened in the near future. BAUMKUCHEN Honour for Impresario Mr. Sol Hurok, the American impresario, has Swiu been made an honorary Commander of the Order Humidifiert of the British Empire " for services to Anglo- (Vtrdunster) American relations". Mr. Hurok was born in for your Russia in 1890 and emigrated to America at the CENTRAL 43, KENSINGTON CHURCH ST., age of 15. He has been responsible for many HEATING LONDON, W.8 celebrated artists and companies appearing in the Small unit United States. 34/6 WES. 4359 and Large unit 63/10 9, GOLDHURST TERRACE, DUBLIN ROYAL COLLEGE CHOIR No running costs. Fill with wafer only. For heolthler breathing in your home. FINCHLEY ROAD, N.W.6 Dr. Mervyn L. Abrahamson. of Dublin, has been elected Professor of Pharmacology and THE HUMIDIFIER COMPANY MAI. 2742 Therepeutics at the Royal College of Surgeons 25, Bridge Road, Wembley Park, Middlesex of Ireland. The chair was formerly occupied by ARNold 7603 his father. Professor L, Abrahamson. Page 4 AJR INFORMATION February, 1961 IM SPIEGEL NEUESTER STATISTIKEN Towards Understanding Juden in Deutschland CONFERENCE IN LONDON The sixth conference of the Working Group An drei Stellen, unter drei Gesichtspunkten In Wirklichkeit diirfte die Gesamtzahl der of the World Federation, on the " Diminution of ist im neuesten " Statistischen Jahrbuch fiir die in der Bundesrepublik lebenden Juden erheb­ Prejudice", was held at King's College. Strand, Bundesrepublik Deutschland " (im Verlag W. lich grosser sein, als die oflSzielle Statistik aus­ and was sponsored by the Council of Christians Kohlhammer, Stuttgart und Mainz, herausgege­ weist, weil sich nicht alle Juden bei den and Jews. ben vom Statistischen Bundesamt, Wiesbaden) judischen Gemeinden registriert haben und The President of the Conference, Dr. J. R. von der judischen Bevolkerung die Rede. daher statistisch nicht " erfasst " sind. Ob es, Rees, Director of the World Federation of Mental Health, likened racial and religious prejudices Der Abschnitt " Wohnbevolkerung nach der Uber die 21,000 und mehr fur 1960 hinaus, sich to the spread of a malaria epidemic. He was, he Religionszugehorigkeit " jst fiir die Betrachtung um 5,000, 10,000 oder gar mehr handelt, gehort said, concemed about the problem of prejudice des gegenwartigen Standes deshalb von gerin­ ins Gebiet der spekulativen Schatzung. because he regarded it as more in the sphere of gerem Interesse, weil hier Ziffern genannt sind, Aufschlussreich und bemerkenswert, als mental health than in any other field. Prejudice die vor 10 Jahren, aufgrund der Volkszahlung Faktum und als " trend ", sind die Ziffern, die was a killer disease—it had killed six million vom 13. September 1950, ermittelt wurden und in einer anderen kleinen, gedrangten Tabelle people in Europe and it was killing people in somit, wenigstens teilweise, iiberholt sind. Nur in many countries at the present time. It was a des "Jahrbuchs", " Eheschliessungen 1958 problem of enormous practical urgency. ihrem Vergleich mit Ziffern von heute (oder von- nach der Religionszugehorigkeit der Ehegatten " gestern) besagen sie etwas. Glucklicherweise Although he did not believe prejudice would (Bund, ohne Berlin), zusammengestellt sind. In ever be entirely eradicated, it could be diminished. enthait das " Jahrbuch "—jn anderem Zusam­ diesem einen Jahr, 1958, wurden 63 volljudische Children were never bom with prejudice yet menhang—ein Kapitel " Judische Gemeinden " Ehen registriert. Ihnen stehen 213 judisch- they became infected. Methods must be devised nach dem Stand vom Marz 1960, gestutzt auf christliche Ehen gegenUber, und zwar 107 Ehen to influence children so that, through them, their Angaben des " Zentralrats der Juden in eines judischen Mannes mit einer evangelischen parents could perhaps be influenced and at least Deutschland " (Dusseldorf) und der " Zentral­ Frau, 90 mit einer katholischen Frau, ferner 6 be brought into the field of concern, interest wohlfahrtsstelle der Juden in Deutschland" Ehen einer judischen Frau mit einem evan­ and enlightenment. (Frankfurt a.M.). Wenn man die Ziffern fiir gelischen Mann und 10 mit einem katholi­ 1950 (judische Wohnbevolkerung) und fiir 1960 schen Mann. Damit wird eine keineswegs WORLD ACADEMY ESTABLISHED (judische Gemeinden) landerweise gegeniiber- neue und auch nicht allein auf Deutschland A " World Academy of Arts and Sciences " has stellt, ergibt sich folgendes Bild: beschrankte Erscheinung angedeutet, deren been established in Jerusalem, with Professor September Marz Entstehung und Wesen seit vielen Jahrzehnten Einstein as the " spiritual father". Lord Boyd Gegenstand auch wissenschaftlicher Betrach­ Orr, the British physiologist, is the President, and Land 1950 1960 charter members include Bertrand Russell and tung und Beobachtung ist und deren Prob­ other outstanding personalities. Professor G. O, Schleswig-Holstein 195 103 lematik allenthalben, auch z.B. in England und Boyko, of Israel, President of the International Hamburg 936 1,367 U.S.A., immer wieder zu ernsten Erorterungen Commission for Ecology, is the Secretary-General. Niedersachsen 997 692 Anlass gibt. The aim of the Academy is to serve as an Bremen 106 119 ^ E.G.L. (Frankfurt a.M.) '" informal world university on the highest scientific Nord rhei nr Westfalen 2,311 4,149 and ethical levels, within which deep human under­ Hessen 2,142 3,239 JEWISH SCHOOL IN GERMANY standing and the fullest sense of responsibility Rheinland-Pfalz 387 625 shall meet". It will also " provide a meeting Baden-Wurttemb«rg 1,442 1,280 At a meeting in Paris of the Executive of the ground for all who are interested in fighting Bayern 8,600 3,477 European Union of Orthodox Jewish Congrega­ hunger, sickness, waste, destruction, intolerance, Saair 439* 414 tions, a report was given of the progress made ignorance, resignation and fear", on a human West Berlin 4,858 6,178 in the establishment of a Jewish boarding scnool basis. in Sobemheim, Germany. It was stated that the Total 23,413 21,643 support of the Zentralrat der Juden had been VATICAN SUB-COMMISSION enlisted for this project. According to Mr. Pucci. an expert on Vatican * November 1951. affairs, the Secretariat of the Union of Christians JEWISH HOSPITAL IN HAMBURG may establish a special sub-commission to deal Etwa gleichgeblieben sind die Ziffern fiir CONSECRATED Bremen und das Saarland, wohingegen im with possible relationships with the Jews. iibrigen z. T. betrachtliche Veranderungen, The new Jewish Hospital in Hamburg was UNESCO ON DISCRIMINATION IN " ups " and " downs ", zu verzeichnen sind. Bei consecrated recently. At the ceremony, addresses der Aufwartsbewegung fallen am starksten die were given by Hamburg's Mayor, Max Brauer, EDUCATION Lander Nordrhein-Wesifalen, Hessen (d.h. wohl the Medical Director, Dr. Hans M. Landecker, im wesentlichen Frankfurt a.M.) und Rhein- and the Chairman and Vice-Chairman of the The text of a Convention and recommendations " Kuratorium", Mr. Felix Epstein and Mr. Eric on various aspects of discrimination in education land-Pfaiz sowie West-Berlin ins Auge, hervor­ M. Warburg. The Hospital has a capacity of were adopted by the Unesco Programme Com­ gerufen wahrscheinlich durch eine gewisse 112 beds, but it is expected that by spring 1961 mission in Paris. Ruckwanderung im Lauf dcr Berichtsperiode. 190 beds will be available. Speakers referred to Discrimination is defined as including " any Der Ruckgang der judischen Bevolkerung in the longstanding tradition of the Hamburg Jewish distinction, exclusion, limitation or preference Bayern im Zeitraum 1950/60 diirfte durch die Hospital, the first building of which in St. Pauli which, being based on race, colour, sex, language, Auswanderung noch verhaltnismassig vieler was erected in 1843 from an endowment by rehgion, political or other opinion, national or Juden aus D.P.-Lagern und Gemeinden in den Salomon Heine. social origin, economic condition or birth, has the Jahren unmittelbar nach 1950 zu erklaren sein. purpose or eflfect of nullifying or impairing THE FATE OF WUERZBURG JEWS equality of treatment in education ". Wenn auch die Gesamtziffern fiir 1950 It is agreed that it is essential to respect the (23,413) und fiir 1960 (21,643) " benachbart " The Chairman of the Wuerzburg Jewish Com­ liberty or parents to choose for their children geblieben sind, so hat sich " dahinter" und munity, Mr. David Schuster, is engaged in tracing institiitions other than those maintained by the " dazwischen " doch Wichtiges und Schicksal- the fate of the perished Jews who had been authorities, and to ensure the religious and moral resident in and near Wuerzburg and who were education of the children in conformity with the haftes entwickelt und vollzogen. Das hat deported to Theresienstadt, Auschwitz and einerseits mit Erscheinungen nicht nur der parents own convictions. It is also stressed that Buchenwald. His research is based on the files no person or group of persons should be com­ Auswanderung (nach Israel und anderen of the Wuerzburg Gestapo which were found pelled to receive religious instmction inconsistent iiberseeischen Landern) zu tun, sondern auch after the war in Obemrsel (Taunus). with tfieir own convictions. At the same time. mit Erscheinungen der Ruckwanderung States would recognise the rights of members of (aus der Emigration) und der Binnen­ MEMORIAL TABLET IN NEUWIED national minorities to maintain schools and to wanderung (vom Lager in die Stadt), Zum teach in their own language. andern hangt es sicher auch mit dem Ster- To commemorate the foundation of the Jewish Community in Neuwied a Memorial Tablet was FUND FOR JUDAISM IN ASIA beiiberschuss zusammen, der sich aus der gros­ fixed in front of the building in which the Jewish seren Sterbeziffer im Vergleich zur kleinen School was accommodated until 1938. It was Under the terms of the will of Dr. Solomon Geburtenziffer ergibt. Denn charakteristisch unveiled by representatives of the municipal Emanuel Speelman, of Johannesburg, a fund is fiir das Jahrfunft, beginnend mit dem 1. April authorities who had initiated its creation. to be created to enable non-Jewish students, 1955 und endend mit dem 31. Marz 1960, ist, especially Japanese, to study Judaism in Israel and dass—was nicht aus dem " Jahrbuch" her­ ERICH LUETH ON HEINRICH HEINE afterwards propagate it in Africa and Asia. vorgeht—in der Bundesrepublik (einschl. West- The late Dr. Speelman's estate is valued at Under the auspices of the Heinrich Heine £82.000. He was bom in Amsterdam and died in Berlin) 239 Juden zur Welt kamen, wahrend Society in Duesseldorf, Mr. Erich Lueth (Ham­ Johannesburg last November. The fund will also im gleichen Zeitram 1,466 jiidische Todesfalle burg) gave an interesting talk about " Heinrich help Jewish orphans to study in any faculty of getieldet wurden. Heine in Hamburg ". the Hebrew University. AJR INFORMATION Febmary, 1961 Page 5 NEWS FROM ABROAD NETHERLANDS Gemian Grant for Anne Frank Home UNITED STATES AUSTRALIAN WELFARE SOCIETY The West German Govemment has offered a "residential Inauguration—Jewish Representative According to the Australian Jewish Welfare second gift of 40,000 DM. towards the restoration Society's annual report, about 1,000 Jewish Rabbi Dr. Nelson Glueck, President of the of the " Backhouse", the home of Anne Frank immigrants, the majority from Eastern Europe, in Amsterdam. Hebrew Union College at Cincinnati, participated are expected to be catered for during the next 'n the inauguration of Mr. John F. Kennedy as twelve months by the Society. President on January 20th. He was chosen as Tercentenary of Rotterdam Congregation tne representative of the Jewish faith and gave More than 20,000 new immigrants have been tne benediction at the inaugural ceremony follow- brought to Australia by the Society since the The Rotterdam Jewish congregation recently mg. Prayers were also said by a Roman Catholic war, the majority of whom have become success­ celebrated its tercentenary. The Mayor of Rotter­ ^ardinal, a Greek Orthodox Archbishop and a fully integrated, although a small number, mainly dam and other civil authorities were present at t^rotestant Minister. victims of Nazism, still require care and attention. the special service held, which was televised in both Holland and Belgium. Nazi Party's Libel Action ARGENTINA CONDEMNS ANTI-SEMITISM Today only 780 Jews remain in Rotterdam of the 13,000 who lived there in 1939. The Washington District Court has dismissed When the Minister of the Interior in the Argen­ 3 S200,000 libel action by George Lincoln Rock- tine invited a deputation of D.A.I.A.—the repre­ SYNAGOGUE DESECRATION—YOUTH *6n, leader of the American Nazi Party, against sentative body of Argentine Jewry—to meet him. SENTENCED ine Jewish Telegraphic Agency and its Washing­ he told them that the Argentine Government ton bureau chief, Mr. Milton Friedman. strongly condemned the recent anti-Semitic out­ Rockwell claimed he was libelled in a J.T.A. bursts in the country. He said the Government A 16-year-ord boy appeared in the Children's pews story. The case was dismissed after he had would adopt the strongest measures to stamp out Court, Dublin, charged with breaking into the tailed to post $250 security for court costs. A such outbursts, would not tolerate anti-Semitic Terenure Synagogue and defacing the premises further suit by Rockwell is pending against the activities of any kind, and would deal severely with anti-Semitic slogans and symbols, stealing commissioners of the District of Columbia, the with those promoting such activities. silver and other articles, and doing damage to a jwcretary of the Interior, the anti-Defamation value of approximately £650. f-eague of the B'nai B'rith and its staff members BRAZILIAN APPOINTMENTS He stated he had been reading anti-Jewish '" Washington. literature since the age of eleven and had got Two Jews have been elected to the Legislative some of his ideas about Jews from books in a Hate Placards Assembly of the newly established State of Dublin Public Library, as well as from anti- Jewish pamphlets. pn» Sammy Davis Junior, the Negro-Jewish Gunabara in Brazil. Snr. Francisco has been entertainer, appeared at New York's Jewish- appointed First Vice-President and Snr. Gershon When the Justice reminded him of the atrocities oTv^^ Copa Cabana Night Club, two American Berger, President of the Zionist Organisation of committed to Jews in Germany which had started PiCKets carried hate placards, protesting against Rio de Janeiro, is a member of the Assembly. with the same things, the boy said that although joe marriage which took place between him and he did not approve of concentration camps, the "3^' Britt, the Swedish actress. Mrs. Davis is REPATRIATION OF POLISH JEWS FROM Jews should be put in a place by themselves. expecting a baby in August. RUSSIA They should not, he said, be here at all. In sentencing the youth to two years in a " Father of Atomic Submarine " The Soviet and Polish Governments have con­ reformatory, the Justice said that Ireland had firmed an agreement for the repatriation of all itself suffered from religious persecution and, tiY'^e-Admiral Hyman G. Rickover, of the Jews of Polish origin still remaining in Russia apart from the gravity of the offence, the severe "fatK" ^^^^' ^^° '5 ^ Js*"' is considered the who wish to return to Poland, Between 8,500 sentence was imposed as a deterrent. Any attempt rather of the atomic submarine ". He received and 10,000 people are affected. Those with to persecute or humiliate anyone because of ^ medal from the U.S.A. Navy at special cere- relatives in Poland will have priority in leaving religion, race or colour could not be tolerated. ,L°"'" on the atomic submarine " Nautilus " on Russia. On behalf of the boy and his parents, the IJ „ occasion of the sixth anniversary of the According to Polish regulations, any of the defendant's solicitor expressed regret to the Dublin "-'•^A. atomic navy, returnees who wish to emigrate can only do so Jewish community. after two years. CANADA RUMANIAN PERMIT CANCELLED PARIS SYNAGOGUE ARSON ATTEMPT Jews Elected in Toronto The permit the Rumanian authorities previously A police enquiry was instituted in Paris to ^ir. Nathan Phillips. Q.C.. has been elected issued for Israeli passenger ships to call at the ascertain whether an attempt to set fire to the port of Constanza, has now been cancelled. No synagogue of the Rue Pavfe was an act of serVn'^ of Toronto"'for the^'fifth"time."' He^'has reason has been given. hooUganism or had anti-Semitic motives. Passers- jf, 1^*^ tor a longer period than any other mayor by found oil-soakedi newspapers buming at the also *?"'°^ history. Fourteen other Jews were CZECHOSLOVAKIA door of the building and extinguished the flames elect' * '^*^ or re-elected in the municipal before any damage was done. A similar incident Cases of Arrested Jews to be Investigated occurred a few weeks previously near the olfices of the same synagogue. Canadian Nazi Deported The newly appointed Czech Minister of Justice, theImmi VI i " oflRcials in Washington have ordered Mr, Alois Neumann, and the Minister of the Interior, Mr. Rudolph Darak, have set up a ITALY Qiti7P ^''"/'t''*'" of a Hungarian-born Canadian judicial commission in Prague to investigate the Lini I '*^"' because he joined George Anti-Semitic Article hist; • Rockwell's American Nazi Party after cases of all Jews still interned for political reasons. Thp T?- '"• Washington as a visitor from Canada. The commission will ascertain their guilt or In Florence, the Union of Italian Jewish Com­ tha* tl, u'"^'*^' Deputy Immigration Director said innocence and discover if any alleged confessions munities has asked the Chief Magistrate if the tion • ^^'^ ^°^ 'h« order was Pall's " participa- were made under duress. Any anti-Semitism on author of an anti-Semitic article distributed by certein"- ^i''^'''«s seeking to foment hatred of the part of police oflficers who interrogated the the news agency " Orbis" would be prosecuted «m individuals or against a race or religion ". prisoners will also be investigated. for incifmg haired and condoning genocide. The Some 200 police oflficers who were recently dis­ author, Luigi Misciano, had attributed to the ANXIETY ABOUT MOROCCAN JEWS missed are said to have taken part in the trial Jews crimes of which the Nazis were guilty. The of Rudolph Slansky, who was executed in 1952. political department of police headquarters in lost th '^'^a.?^'' at sea in which 41 Moroccan Jews Florence stated that the article constituted incite­ also r fl"" " '^ "Ot onlv a tragedy in itself ; it More than 30 Jews were released some months ment to haired and condoned crime and that Countrv xu present plight of the Jews in that ago under a political amnesty, including Richard any further action was the concern of the which outburst of anti-Jewish sentiments Slansky. the brother of Rudolph Slansky and Florence magistrates. Mor" started when President Nasser visited former Ambassador to Warsaw. The former Czech interr^'^" .recently has resulted in the arrest and Minister in Israel, who was also released, is one Naples Swastikas Pl^m ^^ of about 2.000 Jews. Strong com- of the few Jews to be reinstated. The rest are meetin ^"u ^^'^^ ^> a Jewish delegation at a believed lo have been given jobs in the mines Police ordered the immediate removal and Moulav M *^ Moroccan Prime Minister, Prince and building trades. Prominent Zionists are investigated the daubing of five swastikas and anti- included amongst those who have benefited from Jewish slogans on walls in Naples recently. founH .!• ^^^^"^ The delegation expressed pro- the amnesty. Govern ''P°'"""^°' at the way in which the JEWISH REPRESENTATIVE FOR MOSIP policy of co-existence between Subsidies for Synagogue Repairs TURKISH ASSEMBLY emierJtlf ^u^ l^'f^ *^* operating. The desire to due t ti, » delegation pointed out, was largely In its 1961 Budget the Czech Government has Mr. Erol Dilek, a 36-year-old Jewish lawyer, Tn ; . Moroccan attitude to the Jews. allocated about £500,000 for repairs to religious who serves as legal adviser to the Grand Rabbi­ Jew, statement the Board of Deputies of British buildings, including synagogues. This concerns nate in Istanbul, has been named as a represen­ restnrp*^* J °" '^^ Moroccan Government "to only synagogues in the larger towns. The tative to the new Turkish Constituent Assembly. citiTPn " ° T ""aintain the rights of their Jewish Government is also making enquiries about The appointment was made by General Cemal been vrt' iT^^^' emigration, the Board said, had synagogues no longer in use, in order to convert Gursel, the Turkish Head of State, who has abrnaH u"j ,^ stopped; communication with Jews them to other purposes. Any objects of historic authority to appoint twelve representatives. He lost th • • ^^" broken off ; and many Jews had value from these synagogues would be transferred named one representative for each minority— meir jobs and are now destitute. to the Jewish Museum. Greek, Armenian and Jewish. Page 6 AJR INFORMATION February, 1961

Herbert Freeden (Jerusalem) such an Dagania's Jubilee celebration, Henrietta Szold Centennial Session and, above all, the even­ ing devoted to the fraternal delegates. Some dele­ gates called it Dr. Goldmann's show of strength, vis-a-vis the " kiss of death " by the State (a refer­ ence to Ben-Gurion's remark that Judaism in the A CONGRESS OF RETREAT free countries was facing the " kiss of death "— a slow and imperceptible decline into assimilation). The 25th Zionist Congress was the Congress As regards the third principle—the instrument to " The present session has no precedent in the of the " evasive action": it shirked the issue, reach these goals—Israel has become this instru­ Zionist Movement", stated Dr. Goldmann in his namely the choice between Ben-Gurion's or ment but her political and economic problems were introductory remarks. It was, indeed, an impres­ Goldmann's brand of Zionism ; it failed to draw pressing. sive and illustrious array of speakers, represent­ the long overdue demarcation lines between State With .the three basic aims of Zionism unattained, ing millions of Jews and bringing the greetings of and Zionist functions ; moreover, it was a Congress the tasks of the Movement were still ahead: their organisations and communities. of retreat—retreat of the Zionist Organisation aliyah and Hebrew education. Dr. Goldmann But behind the splendid facade hard bargaining in the face of heavy pressure by the governing himself for the first time in Congress spoke in went on, and each of the large departments of bodies and parties of the State. Hebrew, a free, fluent, persuasive Hebrew that the Jewish Agency had to yield some of its The theme was set by Israel's Prime Minister, impressed the audience, especially the Israehs (a functions to the Government—^only one remaining weeks before Congress started, when he denied simultaneous translation service consoled the untouched and unimpaired: the Agricultural the Zionist Congress the right to call itself Zionist. others). On aliyah he made an interesting sug­ Settlement Department headed by Levi Eshkol, According to his conception, a Zionist must fulfil gestion: as nothing was stronger in Jewish hfe member of the Cabinet. his obligations by settling in Israel, which, in than family bonds, each family should be tied Despite the allegations by some Hebrew papers, essence, means reducing the ranks of the move- up with Israel at least through one or two of its led by Ha'aretz, that hardly an Israeli under 60 mem to a small band of idealists, a group of members. is interested in the Congress, 12,000 people applied elite. In contrast. Dr. Goldmann envisages The same theme was taken up by the Prime for tickets to the opening session when only 3,000 an enlarged Zionist Organisation on a broader Minister when he addressed Congress the morning could be accommodated. An enquete, arranged basis which he had already widened by co-opting following the opening. He also called for per­ by the daily Lamerhav among readers under the representatives of fraternal and associate bodies, at sonal bonds wjth Israel, even in the form of age of 40, almost all of them Sabras, revealed the price of losing Zionist substance but of gaining visits or investments, and he proposed that that 75 per cent were well informed about Zionist greater moral and political influence. American Jewry and other Westem Jewries should problems and called themselves Zionis^ts (only 7.7 Ben-Gurion, the protagonist of the all-powerful send to Israel every year tens of thousands of per cent answered in the negative) and 66 per cent State, denies to the " mother" of the State, the young people to study for at least one year. were of the opinion that the liquidation of the Zionist Movement, any infringement of its He warned delegates that Israel's limited capacity Zionist Organisation would be a blow to the State sovereignty. If Zionists want to take part in Israeli would not suflfice to solve her problems unless of Israel. affairs, let them immigrate and become citizens. she received educated immigrants, imbued with Nevertheless, this 25th Congress, held in Herzl's Therefore he wants to transform the Zionist a pioneering spirit, from the highly developed centenary year, will go down as a stepping-stone Organisation into a small and select " order" of countries, to make up in quahty what she lacked on the road to the self-liquidation of the Zionist prospective "olim". On the other hand. Dr. in quantity. Organisation. The Zionist Organisation is in Goldmann feels that he can counter the ever­ The general debate took up the question of how essence a Diaspora body, the representation of growing authority of the State only by calling to go about aliyah, how best to stimulate immigra­ world Jewry towards Israel, Diaspora Jewry in millions of so far " unattached " Jews, through tion from the West and how to integrate it. could have formed the largest bloc in Congress, a collective representation of their communal and The necessary machinery will have to be set but it was badly split as the two Confederations of institutional bodies, in Congress. up. both in the Diaspora and in Israel, to guide General Zionists did not see eye to eye. As a The conflict between State and Movement is not and educate prospective immigrants, and to ease consequence, Israeli political groups whose first only a clash of personalities but a conflict of their absorption. Here, through the back door, allegiance is to the State yielded the decisive political alignments. At the root of what seems to a successful attempt was made to divest the Jewish influence. be an ideological struggle lies the bid for power. Agency ofv this important function and a Joint With world Jewry in the free countries in its Authority will be established to deal with Western If Dr. Goldmann's analysis proves correct that majority belonging to the " bourgeois" camp, aljyah in which the State will have an the three fundamental Zionist aims have not yet Israel's governing circles see in the Zionist Organi­ important say. been reached, then this Congress will hardly have helped towards their realisation. sation a potential challenge to their authority. In the midst of ambitious programmes, a down- They can counter this threat by occupying all its to-earth warning was sounded by the Treasurer. key positions or by reducing its usefulness. After Dr, Dov Joseph. True, he said, during the past this Congress, it seems that the trend is towards twelve years, the Jewish Agency had spent over the latter. $1,300 million on its work, and he wondered KELLERGEIST Before the beginning of Congress, Dr. Gold­ whether historians could point to any other move­ mann had several talks with the Prime Minister ment based entirely on voluntary effort that had ADVISES A.J.R. READERS on his attacks on Zionists and their Movement raised such a sum in such a short time. On which on previous occasions had embittered dele­ the other hand, he could not help coming to the gates, especially those from the United States. conclusion that world Jewry as a whole had not Also his colleagues in the Cabinet had urged him, given its financial support in a manner com­ when speaking in the name of the Govemment. mensurate with the State's needs or in keeping to desist from acrimonious remarks. Helped by with its own capacity. Only 53.5 per cent of the " special circumstances", the gentlemen's agree­ Agency's income derived from donations, and the ment worked. The " special circumstances" percentage had showTi a startling decline to 35 though were to be found outside Congress, namely per cent in the year I')59/60 in the personal feud between Ben-Gurion and Dr. Joseph wamed Congress that unless the the Secretary-General of the Histadmth, Pinkas Agency's income increased, it would be necessary Lavon, which split the ranks of Mapai leadership to curtail some vital activities. The Agency had, and brought about a party crisis. As an experi­ since 1948. brought jn almost one million immi­ enced strategist, Ben-Gurion was careful enough grants, estabhshed 480 settlements with a popula­ not to wage " war " on two fronts simultaneously. tion of 30,000 families, and when there was no In the circumstances. Dr. Nahum Goldmann in choice, the Agency went into debt rather thin his presidential address set the keynote: immigra­ hold up immigration for lack of funds, " We tion and education, Zionism, he said, was based had no alternative but to mortgage our future on three principles: the solution of the Jewish income", he said, estimating that urgent needs problem ; the concentration of the Jewish people for clearing the Ma'abaroth. the economic in one territory ; and the forging of the instrurrfent rehabilitation of the Ma'abara dwellers and repay­ to achieve these goals. ments of debts due in the coming financial year would require 1£I50 million, without any new Choose Hallgarten— As to the first principle, the survival of the commitments. Jewish people was not yet safeguarded. Although the danger from outside had diminished, the But these new commitments cannot be shelved. Choose Fine Wines danger from within had grown. In many parts Levi Eshkol, speaking not as Minister of Finance of the world Jewry was facing total disintegration but as head of the Agricultural Settlement Depart­ Ask hr them by name! as a distinct group, through de-Judaization and ment of the Jewish Agency, revealed that the assimilation. While calling for neutrality of the development of the country was held up for Jewish people in the cold war, he was firm in lack of manpower. The present rate of immigra­ his demand for the fundamental right of every tion was insuflficient to meet the needs for people If you have any difficulty in finding Jewish community to remain Jewish. " If a Jew in agriculture and industry. It was an open secret HALLGARTEN wines, write to us has to pay for equality as a citizen by ceasing that there were new villages without a popula­ to be a Jew, he is not equal", Dr. Goldmann tion, and many development projects had to be for assistance declared. His appeal to Russia " let my pieople postponed for want of settlers. Even houses, go ! ". was incorporated in one of the political ready with furniture, water and electricity, were resolutions. The second Zionist principle—con­ waiting for tenants to move in. Here, indeed, was S. F. & 0. HALLGARTEN centration in one homeland—was far from being a challenge which no previous Congress had I, Crutched Friars, London, E.C,3 achieved. Dr. Goldmann continued, as only one ever to meet. fifth of the Jewish people was residing in Israel. There were highlights that drew huge audiences. AJR INFORMATION Febmary, 1961 Page 7 /Egon Larsen Old Acquaintances

"WHAT OF GLORY AND FAME?" Home IS'eies: Richard Duschinsky, the Austrian playwright who during the war worked for the B.B.C. German section, has returned for good to New States, New Anthems Vienna.—Hans and Edda Tasiemka became Lon­ don correspondents of H. Kindler's illustrated weekly Revue in Munich.—Arnold Marl6 is in A MINIATURE MIRROR OF WORLD HISTORY " The Masterpiece", starring Anton Walbrook at the " Royalty ".—Lotte Lenya. the former Vien­ nese dancer and widow of Kurt Weill, came from Some time ago Arthur Koestler raised the American ones, written during the wars of the States to be in "The Roman Spring of Mrs. question of the origin of the Israeli national liberation a century and a half ago. Stone ", starring Vivien Leigh. She has not been anthem, the Hatikvah. In an article published In a few cases amateurs have tried their in front of a camera since " Dreigroschenoper," 'n the Observer he mentioned that the tune of hand at supplying the lyrics. Liberia uses a 1930. this song originated in Smetana's symphonic text written by her third President, Daniel B. poem The Moldau, which he took from a Warner; Thailand's lyrics are by her King Milestones: Josef Gielen, a former director of Rama VI; and Malaya even set up a " special Vienna's " Burg ", who put on productions at the Swedish folk-song from the Varmland while " Teatro Colon"' in Buenos Aires during the war. ne was staying jn Goteborg. There followed committee" to compile new and patriotic words for a popular love song called " Moon­ is 70.—Siegfried Arno celebrated his 65th some correspondence on this matter, and one birthday in the States; this lovable comedian Letter to the Editor suggested that the simple light ". India, however, adopted the words of returned to Germany for a time, but prefers to no lesser a poet than Tagore. Japan's anthem sequence of notes which the Hatikvah shares work in the new country.—Ludwig Koerner, an has a text written as far back as the ninth actor and president of the actor's trade union in With the Moldau occurred in quite a number of century, and Nationalist China sings " lyrics " Berlin, is 70 years old.—Dr. Siegfried Nestriepke, folk-songs from many countries, and that even which are, in fact, nothing else but Sun Yat the chairman of Berhn's "' Volksbuehne ", is 75. °aa. Baa, Black Sheep could be included in Sen's famous " People's Three Principles ". Fin­ the list. Leni go home : Because a British company, land's text may sound strange to us ; it begins " Adventure Films", wants to produce a remake It seems that there is no authoritative source with the words "Oi Maamme," but this is of the German picture " Das blaue Licht" and about the origin of Israel's national anthem. just Finnish for " our country ". foreigners have to get a labour permit, Leni °y an interesting coincidence two collections Riefenstahl gave a Press reception in Wardour of the world's national anthems have just been The Longest and the Shortest Street to " whitewash " herself. It was an embarras­ sing affair with tears and sobs. Defending her published, one in England—" National It is impossible to visualise an occasion at Anthems " (Blandford Press, London, 42s.)— past, she denied everything ever written about her which the patriotic Greeks have time to sing or quoted to have been said by her. " It's all and one in Germany {" Nationalhymnen," all the verses of their anthem, as there are lies and forgeries", she said, " I never spoke a Philipp Reclam. Stuttgart, DM. 1.50, paper­ altogether 158 of them. Burma has only one word of politics. 1 have never seen a concentra­ back edition, DM 0.65). Although they both stanza, but " at the end of the anthem it is tion camp or a massacre, I was never a Nazi or a agree that the words of the Hatikvah were customary for the singers to give a slight bow ". Pg, 1 never said Hitler was wise and he never written by Naftali Herz Imber (1856-1909), the called me a perfect example of German woman Kenya is not yet independent, but it has already hood. I produced the Olympic Games film on Irnglish book says that the melody is " tradi- an anthem which is sung at all sports events; Jjonal," while the German one notes that it i order, and " Triumph of the Will" was directed this is the explanation for the unusual line, by Walter Ruttmann. , . ." Nobody was con­ "^ally attributed to Samuel Cohen ". " What of glory and fame ? We'll just stick vinced or impressed and the Evening Standard Be this as it may, the two books will help to the game "! wrote: " She is clearly unwelcome here." Leni had cried in vain and afterwards in Germany |o cure some of the headaches which beset Not only the independent new African States the chiefs of protocol at a time when new she said how disappointed she was to find so much have each their own anthem but there is also resentment in London. states, each of them with a new national a Pan-African anthem for the whole Continent, anthem, are appearing all over the globe. Some originating with the South African Bantus, but !\eu!s from Everytvhere: Rudolf Frank received ftionths ago there was a curious incident in the sung throughout Africa in various languages. Indonesian capital, Djakarta, when the police Basle's literary prize for his autobiography " Spiel- There are some surprises in store for those zeit meines Lebens", published by Lambert oand was required to play the anthems of a who take the trouble of looking at the melodies. Schneider in Heidelberg.--Curt Riess has finished umber of countries, whose statesmen had just It is. of course, well known that the British scripting a Swiss film and is writing a series for arrived for an oflficial reception. First the band anthem—" Origin of both words and melody Axel Springer in Hamburg.—LiUi Palmer and her Played the Indonesian anthem ; but then the obscure," says the English collection, " by husband. Carlos Thompson, have returned from usicians only went through the movements the States ; she will star in a screen version of either John Bull or Henry Carey," notes the Maugham's "Theatre".—Munich ex-editor Werner playing, while behind them a gramophone German one—has turned up on the Continent Friedmann will take over Abendzeitung.—Heinz oiared out the new anthems of India, Pakistan, as " Heil Dir im Siegerkranz" and as the Goldberg, who a few years ago returned to Ger­ "urma, and Ceylon. anthems of Liechtenstein and Switzerland many from London, is working in Munich for radio and TV. Complete Collections Publisbed (" Rufst Du, mein Vaterland "); but who would have thought that the Albanian anthem, intro­ J'om now on there will be no excuse for duced in 1912, starts off very much like the Double Success: " Clear, intelligent, subtle. ucn anthem antics. The English collection of German film-song hit of the 'twenties, "Das witty, swift, strong, eloquent", wrote New York's eiodies and lyrics is as complete as it can be ist die Liebe der Matrosen "? Bulgaria replaced Time about Otto Preminger's " Exodus ". " Taken its famous old anthem, " Shumi Maritza ", in as a whole it's a terrific show, and O.P. is at the our fast-moving epoch; it was begun by the top of his form in every department." One day musicologist Dr. Martin Shaw shortly after the 1946 by a new one and its composer is no after the first performance of his Israel picture j^ar, and completed after his death by Dr. other than George Dimitroff, the hero of the Preminger's production of Ira Levin's " Critic's 330^'^^ Coleman, an experienced arranger. The Reichstagsbrand-Prozess; his example is also Choice". with Henry Fonda in the lead, ^, .'Page book gives the complete piano scores, commended in the text, which was written by triumphed on the stage on Broadway. London M^A i^^ Reclam edition, which was widely a poetess. It must have been a strange coinci­ will probably see this play, too. dence that made Andorra, the miniature sed during the Olympic Games in Rome, Republic in the Pyrenees, adopt the tune of Obituary: The painter, Bruno Krauskopf. who restricts itself to the singing parts. " Veb immer Treu und Redlichkeit" for jts in 1933 went into voluntary exile in Norway and yet f some of the new States have not anthem. retumed only four years ago from the States, has for L",'^'^ '''"e to get suitable verses written died, aged 68 years, almost forgotten, in Berlin. •u 'heir anthems ; at any rate, a number of Poland and Yugoslavia share the melody of —Lotte Medelsky, who was a member of the their anthems, the old Slav folk-song "Hey, " Burg " for nearly sixty years, has died, aged 81 a V~Ti- United Arab Republic (which uses S/ovfl«e ", which was already sung by the Polish years, in Vienna.—Gregory Ratoff has died in Ira c '^^'"^)' Guinea, Morocco, Kuwait, legionnaires during the Napoleonic wars. The Switzerland. He started his career after the First ,Va, tq . Saudi Arabia—have no words. The World War in Berlin's cabaret " Schall und Pr, •^' *°°' which made Gounod's Marcia oldest European tune is probably Holland's Rauch ", and later became an actor, producer and ontificale its anthem in 1949, has no text to it. " Wilhelmus van Nassouwe," composed around director in Hollywood.—In Berlin, where she or! • '^"^'' i°<^eed, be difficult to write an 1570. played in " Die Perser", the first lady of the iiginal text for a national anthem. Most of The composing and writing of national German Theatre, Hermine Koerner, has died, aged anthems has not always been a p>eaceful occu­ 78.—R, K. Weil, who wrote under the pen-names con f -^^r^^^ ^° •'"!« e'se beside praise the " Homunkulus " and " Poldi Huber " until '38 in J "nines' beauty spots like the prospectus of pation rewarded by fame and money. It Vienna and was author of a Robert Stolz bio­ lounst bureau, while some make the singer brought death to the two men who wrote graphy, has died in New York. to tv,'' I ^' ^^ w'^^ defend his country's liberty Venezuela's anthem : they were both shot bin ^tJ?^' ^^°P of blood. Perhaps the most during their country's struggle for liberty "'oodthirsty of all anthems are the South in 1814. PEM Page 8 AJR INFORMATION February, 1961 Letters to the Editor SOth ANNIVERSARY OF F.W.V. Sir,—The F.W.V. (Bund Freier Wissenschaftlicher Vereinigungen an Deutschen Hochschulen) will celebrate its 80th anniversary on Saturday, 24th June, 1961. FONTANE UND DIE JUDEN A dinner-dance will be held al the Kensington Palace Hotel on that date, where members of our Es tut mir leid, aber ich mochie doch einiges erslen Manuskripl, wie er mir erzUhlt hal, bei fraternity from all over the world are expected. zu dem Artikel Uber Fonlane und die Juden von Fontane gewesen und hat den Ritterschlag von I am most anxious that all our friends cmd their Paul Wohlfarth, in der Januar Nummer der " AJR ihm erhalten. families from Great Britain should be present on Information." ergdnzend sagen. Die Romane Fon­ Es sei hinzugefiigt, dass es kaum einen deutschen this occasion. tanes treten ganz allgemein fiir Toleranz und gegen Dichter der vergifteten Epoche seit 1880, als es All able to come, please contact me. Vorurleile ein. In den " Poggenpuhls," die in dem zum guten Ton gehorle Antisemii zu sein, ja wo Artikel nicht erwdhni werden, bekommt die adels- man, um es modern auszudriicken seinen Status Dr. ERIC GOULD, siolze antisemitische Tochter immerzu unrecht, mil Antisemitismus erhohen konnte, also dass es Chairman, F.W.V., London. und die l,ieblingsfigur hal am Ende den Lebens- kaum einen deutschen Dichier gab, der nicht auch 18 Old Manor Court, wunsch : " Flora selbst bleibt meine Freundin. Das antisemitische Aeusserungen getan hat, sei es Abbey Road, London, N.W.S. isl das, was ich haben will". Als Hauptwunsch Liliencron oder Dehmel, oder Juden wie Paul einer Manon von Poggenpuhl gegeniiber der Jiidin Lindau, den P. Wohlfarth zitiert, oder der Jude REVIVAL OPERA COMPANY Flora Barienslein mehr ein Wunschtraum des sonst Georg Brandes: " Ich habe eine Antipathie gegen so recdistischen Fontane. Ueber diese Berliner Juden, bin in meinem Leben-wie alle Menschen- Sir,—In connection with the appeal that we have iiidischen Bankiers Bartenstein schreibt er: " Bei fiinfzigmal verliebt gewesen . . . aber nie in eine Barienstein war der Kronprinz (spdier Kaiser just made to the Jewish community at large to Jiidin ". Klingt nicht sogar manches von Scholem support the Moses Mendelssohn Arts Centre Friedrich), Barienstein ist rumdnischer General- Alechem heule aniisemitisch ? konsul, und bei Bartensieins waren Droysen und through Corporate and Associate Membership of Mommsen {ja, einmal, kurz vor seinem Hin­ Es gab und gibt genug bdse Antisemiten, einen the Revival Opera Company, which has now been scheiden, auch Leopold von Ranke), und sie haben grossen Dichter dessen Werk—in den Grenzen well established for almost three years and by in ihrer Galerie mehrere Bilder von Menzel, ich seiner Epoche—Menschenliebe atmet, sollten wir which the A rts Ceittre is administered and financed, glaube einen Hofball und eine Skizze zum nichl in diese von Miasmen erfiillte Lufi ziehen. 1 am especially addressing myself to those mem­ Kronungsbild. . . . Die Verwandlschaft, die sich bers of the community who, like myself, originate GABRIELE TERGIT. from Centred Europe. allsonntaglich bei ihnen versammelt, ist immer wie 315, Upper Richmond Road, aus zwei Weiten: der eine Onkel war vielleicht Performances rendered over the last three years dreissig Jahre lang in London oder Paris, der London, S.W.IS. by the Revival Opera Company have been highly andere dreissig JaJire lang in Schrimm. Und das acclaimed by the National Press. They have macht denn doch einen Unterschied". Ich per­ proved what can be done even on the most slender sdnlich finde das eine ganze Welt in wenigen In Ihrer lelzten Nummer haben Sie einen resources and virtually single-handed, and the Zeilen. Auf salz ueber "Fontane und die Juden" veroef­ company has set new operatic standards in Britain fentlicht. der mich sehr interessiert hat, weil ich in the tradition of other European countries. Was zweitens Fontanes Briefe angeht, so gibt es ein grosser 'Verehrer von Fonlane bin und (dies, eine sozusagen offizielle Auesserung iiber die was er geschrieben hal (bis auf die Kriegsbuecher, Members of a community which in Germany Juden : Nach einer Interpellation im Preussischen die ich nie zu sehen bekommen habe) immer built up the Jewish Kulturbund, should particu­ Abgeordnetenhaus wegen der Agitation gegen die larly lend their sympathetic support to achieve this Juden und einer Petition, nach der die Juden von wieder mit neitem Vergnuegen lese; vor allem by helping lo secure a solid and permanent basis obrigkeitlichen Stellungen ausgeschlossen werden seine Briefe, die ich nach Eckermann's for the Revival Opera Company. sollten, schrieb Fontane an Graf Philipp zu Eulen- Gespraechen mil Goethe fuer das inleressantesle Buch in deutscher Sprache halte. We (dready have the patronage and support of burg: ". . . Was das Staalsminislerium geslern many of the prominent members of the Jewish (Berlin, 21. November 1880) geleistel hat, ist mir Ich glaube nun, dass der Verfasser des Aufsatzes Community, and H.R.H. the Duke of Edinburgh denn doch zu wenig. Ich liebe die Juden, ziehe doch Manches forlgelassen hat, was fuer eine Itas graciously expressed his interest in this ven­ sie dem Wendisch-Germanischen eigentlich vor- guensligere Stellung Foniane's gegenueber den ture and asked to be kept informed about its denn es isi bis data mit letzterem nicht allzuviel-, Juden spricht. Er zitiert ja das Gedicht zum 75. progress and development. aber regiert will ich nicht von den Juden sein ". Geburlstag des Autors mit dem Schluss " Kommen I ask then for your readers' support, large and Zehn Jahre spaeter, am 25. Januar 1890, schrieb Sie Cohn ", aber er Jaessi z.B. fort, was in Jenny Treibel ueber das " feine juedische Gesetz " gesagt small, towards the creation of the First Arts er an Herrn und Frau G ulmann : " . . . Im letzten Centre in Britain, so that it may be recognised as Sonntagsblatt der ' Vossin ' hat mich der Artikel ist, welches verbielet, " jemanden zu beschaemen ". iiber Henriette Herz interessiert. Als literarische Auch der alte juedische Geschaeftsmann in a Jewish contribution which will be of the greatest Leistung isl er keineswegs hervorragend, aber er " Stechlin" ist eine hoechst sympalhische Figur value to the cultured life of this country. hat mich wieder mil der Nase auf die Tatsache und kann mit dem alien Moses in JReuters Yours, etc., " Stromlid" verglichen werden. So haessliche PETER FOSTER, gestossen dass das gesellschaftlich hoher poten- juedische Typen, wie wir sie in Freytags "Soil zierte Berliner Leben immer nur ein Juden-, will Director, sagen Jiidinnenleben gewesen ist. Eine Bour- und Haben " und Raabes " Hungerpasior " finden, geoisfrau oder-lochter hal hierlandes nie was gibt es bei Fontane niemals. Revival Opera Company Ltd- 6 Dawpool Road, gesprochen, um das man sich hdtte kiimmern In dem Roman " Adultera " ist der beguenstigte mUssen. Und der Adel, seildem er fromm und Freund der schoenen Melanie der juedische London, N.W.Z noch sonst einiges geworden ist, versagt auch. Aus Bcmkier Rubehn, ein hoechst vornehmer und diesem Fakt erkldren sich einige der wichligsten sympathischer Charakler, dem ein Bankier Simon unserer wenig erfreulichen Zeiterscheinungen. . . ." aus Koenigsberg als Vorbild gedient haben soil, Was nun dritiens den Satz iiber den Berliner und in "Jenny Treibel" wird von dem juedischen Hausbesitz anbetrifft, so schrieb fanf Jahre nach Zeichenlehrer Friedeberg gesagt, " er habe der Your House For :• der Judenemanzipation in Preussen die Frau des Sitten Freundlichkeit aus dem Semitismus mit Hauptforderers der Emanzipation Wilhelm von heruebergenommen ". Humboldt am 29, Mdrz 1816.- "In Berlin ist es Dazu kommt Fontanes Vorliebe fuer juedischen CURTAINS, CARPETS, LINO sehr auffallend, wie jetzt. wo ein grosser Hduser- Verkehr. Amisgerichtsrat Friedlaender war ja verkauf wieder stattftndet, unter vieren gewiss drei trotz der Taufe von A bstammung ein \Jude. Die UPHOLSTERY von Juden aquiriert werden. . . . Das Vermdgen Juedin Frau Sternheim war Fontanes beste des Staates ist grosstenteils in ihren Hdnden, ein Freundin. und er nannte sie " die normalste und nicht unbedeutender Teil des Grundeigentums in liebenswuerdigste Frau, die ihm je begegnet ist" sPECML/rr alien preussischen Staaten ". Darauf Wilhelm von (oder so aehnlich). Sein Teslamentsvollstrecker Humboldt: " Hduser mdgen sie wohl besitzen, war der juedische Justizrat Meyer, ein Bruder von Giiter sehr wenig bis jetzt, Itzenplitz neulich hier, Frau Slernheim. Goldstein in " Stine" ist ein CONTINENTAL DOWN konnte mir nur einen Fall nennen ". Darauf seine besonders humaner juedischer Arbeitgeber. Ich Frau: " Herr von Itzenplitz muss sehr ununter- glaube. die Bemerkungen ueber die Juden, die QUILTS ! richtet sein, der dir gesagt hat, bis jeizl sei ein Herr Wohlfarlh auffuehrt, sind nicht als Zeichen einziger Grundeigentiimer. . . Was Berlin anbetrifft der Abneigung gegen die Juden aufzufassen. Ich ALSO RE-MAKES AND RE-COVERS so haben sie ein Viertel der Hduser und zwar der erinnere mich, von juedischen Bekannten aehnliche besten im Besitz. • • ." Diese Sage zog sich durch Beobachlungen gehoert zu haben, und ich habe ESTIMATES FREE die ganze Emcmzipationzeit hin bis zu den Nazis. sie damcds auch selbst gemacht. Solche Beobach- Es ist mir nie herauszufinden gegliickt, was an tungen draengten sich damals gerade solchen Per­ DAWSON-LANE LIMITED dieser Legende daran ist. sonen auf, die fuer juedische Dinge interessiert Noch ein vierier Punkt: Fontane war Theater- waren, namentlich in Badeorten. Ein Antisemi­ 17. BRIDGE ROAD, WEMBLEY PARK kritiker. Meine jiidischen Kollegen, z. B. Fritz tismus Fontanes ist dadurch jedenfalls nichl Telephorw : ARN, 6671 Engel, konnten nie genug die herzliche, immer bewiesen. bereite Freundschaft und Forderung von Fontane CURT ROSENBERG. Perional attention of Mr. w. Schichminn riihmen. und noch Georg Hermann, der jiidischste 59 Colinton Road. der Berliner jiidischen Romanciers, ist mit seinem Edinburgh. 10. AJR INFORMATION February, 1961 Page 9

vom Rath had paid money from German official funds to Gruenspan. The witness GRUENSPAN AGAIN regarded as possible that the files used by the A Curious Court Case in Munich People's Court in preparation of Gruenspan's trial were faked or at least exchanged. Zadeck . The trial of Michael Count Soltikow began thing about homosexual affairs we'll all be red caused another littie sensation when he asked m the Criminal Court of Munich in the middle in the face." the court, " Why don't you call Gruenspan of last November, amidst an atmosphere of Raab, an engineer now living in Italy, said himself as a witness ? " We "—^he did not tension and expectancy as though sensational that George Bernhard, the editor of the German elaborate who " we " was—" could help you to revelations were about to be made. But it refugee paper, Pariser Tageblatt, had told him bring him here." in 1938 that vom Rath had moved in homo­ laboured its way through six weeks of boredom Soltikow took up the cue and asked for sexual circles. Karl Wittig, a journalist, claimed and absurdity, ending with a formal sentence. Gruenspan to be called as a witness. But he that he had been in the Sachsenhausen concen­ There were no sensations, but some rather could not tell his address, except that he now tration camp with Gruenspan in 1941, and that curious sidelights on recent German history— lived under the name of Otto &hneider some­ Gruenspan had told him how the "homo­ and some curious witnesses. where in Germany after having left France a sexual " story had been invented and how he Count Soltikow, a writer, was charged with short while ago, and the court turned the had maintained it for his own protection. He, having slandered the memory of a dead man: suggestion down. In the end Soltikow was Gruenspan, had refused to admit to the Gestapo Ernst vom Rath, Third Secretary at the Ger- found guilty of slander, and given a suspended what they wanted to hear from him : that he nian Embassy in Paris, who was killed on prison sentence of five months' duration. The was the " tool of an international Jewish con­ November 7th 1938, by 17-year-old Herschel bewildered observers of the trial left the court­ spiracy ". Gruenspan—the event which served the Nazis room with the impression that the mystery of ^ a pretext for the Kristallnacht and the The two most prominent witnesses were the the Gruenspan affair was still as unexplained beginning of the mass persecution of the Jews. present German Federal Ambassador in as before. Those familiar with the Gruenspan affair (see Ceylon, Theodor Auer, and a former col­ ^R Information, November, 1959) will recall laborator of Admiral Canaris and member of RL. the anti-Nazi Resistance, Hans Bernd Gisevius. that the Jewish youth was never brought to COUNCIL OF JEWS FROM GERMANY ^urt by the Nazis, and that according to Auer, who was vom Rath's superior at the Goebbels' diary the Hitler regime avoided a Paris embassy, denied that vom Rath had any Bulletiii for AflUiafed Organisations show trial for fear that suggestions of homo- homosexual tendencies; nor did he at the ^xual relationships between the dead man and time believe in the " all-Jewish plot ". But the For more than a year the " Council of Jews from Gruenspan might be discussed. In fact, it court files contained some utterances of Germany", of which thc AJR is the British appears that this was nothing but a clever line Ambassador Auer, allegedly made some years constituent, has issued bulletins, "Council Corre­ spondence ", at about quarterly intervals. They of defence invented by Gruenspan's lawyer, ago, which were at variance with his new are edited by Mr. Heinz Gerling (Jerusalem). Maitre de Moro-Giafferi; but it served its statements. The fourth number became available recently. purpose. Gruenspan himself gave as the reason Gisevius made an interesting point. As a Like its predecessors it gives a vivid picture of the tor his act that he wanted to take revenge for member of the Resistance circle around General life of Jews from Germany in various countries the deportation and persecution of his family Oster, also an Abwehr official, he believed that and, above all. testifies to the strong sense of 'n Germany. solidarity and the constmctive work arising from it there was a possibility that Gruenspan had all over the world. Etescribing the position in Soltikow, however, revived the story of vom been bribed by the Nazis to shoot vom Rath France, Dr. Curt L. Lang (Paris) recalls that the "ath's homosexualism in a Nuremburg periodi­ so as to furnish an excuse for the persecution pre-war population of 40,()00 German Jews has cal, Wochenend, and vom Rath's brother of the Jews. But Gisevius also believed that the dwindled down to not more than 8,000 who have brought a charge of slander against him. Nazis would have " liquidated" Gruenspan survived the horrors of the second persecution during the German occupation. The Council's It was a motley procession of witnesses without fail if there had been the slightest indication of a homosexual relationship with French affiliate, " Solidarity " has not only taken *hich passed through the Munich court-room, up the legal interests of those in their charge ^nie of them called by the prosecution but the victim. but also embarked on several social schemes, ntost of them by Soltikow, who maintained The most curious personality among the above all, by the creation of flatlet homes. In |hat he himself had been a member of the witnesses, however, was a 55-year-old business­ Israel, too, the community of Jews from Central '"^'"nian Abwehr, the secret security service, man from Hamburg by the name of Ben Europe has rendered help in various spheres, and the article by Manfred Sturmann (Jerusalem) Under the famous Admiral Canaris (who was Zadeck who claimed that he had been a mem­ reveals that the " Solidaritaetswerk " built up by "murdered after the July 20th putsch), and that ber of the Abwehr from 1924 (when his age the Council's affiliate, the Irgun Oley Merkaz ue had been allowed access to the Gruenspan must have been 19) until the end of the Hitler Europa, has raised among its supporters not less "'e in Paris in that capacity. A former regime. He said that he had been " infiltrated " than one million pounds since its inception in 1941. "ttorney of the People's Court who prepared into the International Brigade in Spain and had A comprehensive survey of current legislative ^e case against Gruenspan, Dr. Ernst Lautz, in Paris gained access to the lists of volunteers questions in the field of restitution and compensa­ tion is given by Dr. Walter Breslauer (London). ^as called by Soltikow and declared that the for the Brigade, who included Gruenspan. He, His article confirms that the Council closely fol­ ewish youth had mentioned " private reasons " Zadeck, had also been permitted to listen, from lows up all developments in this important sphere l^r his deed. A former Secretary of State in an adjacent room, to an examination of Gruen­ and safeguards the interests of the community Jjoebbels' Propaganda Ministry, Gutterer, said span by the French police. Gruenspan's jjer- effectively. The issue also carries interesting ^nat he had warned Goebbels not to stage a sonal relations to vom Rath, said the witness, material about Old Age Homes in Israel and Great Britain. "ow trial because " if Gruenspan says some­ were " only too well known " in Paris, and

AJR CLUB Such pretty things ot Reasonable ZION HOUSE, 57 ETON AVE., N.W.3 Prices SUNDAY, MARCH 12 at 4.30 p.m. sharp CONCERT ALICE SCHAEFFER accompanied by Daniel Kelly Lieder by Cornehus, Schubert, Fronz FELIX VAN DYL Violin ADELA KOTOWSKA Piano

BRANCHES IN MAIN TOWNS Space donated by TRADE CUTTERS LIMITED 38 Feltham Road, Putney, S,W.15 Page 10 AJR INFORMATION February, 19611

STORY OF THE SINNER WHO BECAME A SAINT RECENT PUBLICATIONS J, B. Singer is undoubtedly one of the most gifted men among present-day Eastem Jewish poets. We owe the perfect portrayal of a " shiemiel " WOLFSKEHL'S COLLECTED WORKS Among the works which have been restored to him in his " Gimpel the Fool", and now in his to us—besides more recent publications such as novel, " The Magician of Lublin "*, he gives us When Karl Wolfskehl's poems "Die Stimme " Hiob " and " An die Deutschen "—are his trans­ an unforgettable picture of tbe vanished world of spricht " reached the Jewish public soon after 1933, lations from the oldest German poetry and from Polish Jewry. Yasza Mazur, his " magician ", is this work was a remarkable event in many other languages and the essays he contributed to a man who with his monkey, his parrot and his respects. It recalled the voice of the prophets of German newspapers and periodicals. A charac­ Catholic sweetheart, Magda, travels from fair to old and it delivered the psalmodic message of teristic selection of those essays had been pub­ fair performing his card-tricks, his sword-swallow­ " Comfort My People ", It also led those who lished as a book, " Bild und Gesetz," which has ing and other " miraculous deeds ". He earns a had gone astray back to their heritage, of which been out of print for a long time. " Bild und great deal of money one day and loses it all the many of them had only become aware because it Gesetz"—Image and Law ; a suitable title for next " wining and wenching ", and has long ago was forced upon them by the politics of the day, the whole publication, which is one of the most become estranged from Jewish customs and reli­ Wolfskehl made them " acquire " it. However, welcome ones in our time. We gain the " image " gions. At last he is stony broke ; so much so the poetic value of the poems was not confined of a poet who was a master of language and of that he decides to steal the cash of an old miser to the situation. profound thought, and of a writer whose scholar­ who lives alone in hjs house with a deaf servant Thrown into a spiritual ghetto, Jews in Germany ship was of a wide range, hardly surpassed by any giri. experienced what had happened so often before contemporary author. He could not be " law" From then on Heaven puts all sorts of obstacles in Jewish history. As to the Jewish literature for anyone, because " law" is something which in his path; at first he forgets to bring his "magic produced in those Nazi days, a certain " lowering can be learned and imitated. Wolfskehl was a key " which opens every lock for him ; then on of standard " cannot be denied ; quite a number law in himself. He comes to life again for those the way back from his luckless efforts he stumbles of writers, however well-meaning in their efforts, who knew him personally, and he appears as a and breaks his ankle. Limping home he finds his did not attain works of value. What was even " Gestalt" of veneration to those who were so sweetheart dead after having killed all his animals, worse, there was sometimes some insincere striv­ unfortunate as to miss him. and at this point the magician perceives that this ing for topicality. Wolfskehl's poems set the LUTZ WELTMANN. is not the right way to live ; so he decides to turn example that great Jewish poetry was still possible over a new leaf. He returns to his wife, Esther, in the German language. The Jewish theme gave begins to study the Holy Books, Talmud and it a special appeal, but its intrinsic value did not NEW NOVEL ON ANGLO-JEWRY Midrash, and instead of " Yasza the Magician " depend on it. he becomes " Reb Yaakov the Penitent". He Before 1933 he was best known as a loyal Intrinsically. "Set on Edge"* deals with the builds a windowless hut in the backyard of his disciple and interpreting prophet of Stefan George. guilt complex felt, especially by Jewish children, house and decides to dedicate all his days o Yet he was already then interested in Jewish towards their parents. The keynote is the open­ penitence. The Rabbi, who at first is opposed matters. In his introduction to Wolfskehl's letters, ing paragraph : " The trouble with family rela­ to his plan, at last becomes convinced of his Fritz Usinger pointed out that the poet Wolfskehl tionships is conscience, which is nearly always sincerity and leaves him with "God bless thee, was much more independent of George's influence guilty." The title is taken from Ezekiel, 18.2 : my son !". From all over the country the than had been generally realised. We can verify "The fathers have eaten sour grapes and the cripples and poor crowd to Yaakov's hut and this statement now when we read his earlier poetry children's teeth are set on edge." The theme return comforted. (which was unobtainable for such a long time) in must set up sympathetic vibrations in many This strange story is written with so much soul- the two volumes of his " Gesammelte Werke" readers. searching and strength that one is reminded of a fClaassen Verlag, Hamburg I960 : 407 and 609 Bernice Rubens seems to have the makings of Jewish Dostoevsky ; we look forward to Singer's pages—DM.48), His own voice was quite articu­ a fine writer and the book holds the reader's future books with great expectation. late, but there was a certain affinity to George, attention throughout. The story is. however, at BERTHA BADT-STRAUSS. Both poets had deep roots in the Rhinish land­ least half completed before Miss Rubens seems • J, B, Singer: " The Maslclan ot Lublin ". Noonday Press. scape. Wolfskehl took some pride in having the to allow her own very good style to come out. New York, Jewish familv of scholars, Kalonymos, as his ancestors, and was always aware of the fact that One feels that the book, instead of being a A DOCTOR'S MEMOIRS Charlemagne made them settle at his Court. Both mere 222 pages, should have been a family saga. The authoress has so many ideas which she picks Gerhard Stroomann. Medical Director of Bueh­ George and Wolfskehl went back to the deepest lerhoehe, was born on 6.7.1887 and died 10.4.1957. layers of the German language, the quest for up, examines for a fleeting and even brilliant moment, and then discards. The characters are Whilst originally he wished to become a writer, " Urworte", unspoiled by wear and tear, was he decided to study medicine and to choose the natural to both. too lightiy sketched in and their surroundings have not been filled in enough to make them university-hospital career ; however, due t" " Die Stimme spricht" was not Wolfskehl's first come alive properly. The reader is tantalised financial circumstances he took over Buehlerhoehe. Jewish poem. He was particularly aware of one by glimpses—Julie, a grandchild, appears in a He was blessed and damned by the possession of of his earlier moving creations, the drama "Saul". vivid scene, only to be completely dropped a few too many talents and often wondered whether he had, eventually, done the right thing. From the The Collected Works have been edited, together pages later ; other grandchildren are mentioned casually and then as rapidly swept off the scene. recently published " Aus meinem Roten Notiz­ with Claus Victor Bock, by the editor of his buch ",* one feels he went the way that was the letters, Margot Rubens, She became his secretary Miss Rubens has at times tried to deal with most appropriate one for him. The book con­ as a ypung student in Italy, followed him in the particularly nerve-racking situations in the dis­ tains extracts from his many and various notes, same capacity to New Zealand and, growing in tinctive humorous yet heart-rending style of the sketches, essays, poems, articles. They show the stature as his confidante, remained his faithful old Yiddish writers, but this does not quite come author as a shrewd, warm-hearted and never companion until he died. It is mainly due to her over. There is a scene in a mortuary where a satisfied person, whose young and yearning heart that his work has been preserved. Thanks are man finds himself left for dead amongst corpses remained faithful up to his death to the pre- also due to the publisher and the Leo Baeck but the reader is untouched by the terror. Some Hitler culture of Germany. He talks about medical Institute, who made her scholarly task possible, of the situations, too. do not quite ring true life, art, literature, music and the theatre in Italy, Wolfskehl's first country of emigration, such as that the heroine, Gladys, at the age of Germany. He describes university professors, was still a sort of home for him. The poet loved 60, unattractive, dull, is sought by a rich man doctors, nurses and hospitals. He dwells time and the Mediterranean area and the wine country, who, however odious and, indeed, perhaps because again on the problem of the doctor and his rela­ because it was the native country of his family, of that odiousness, could always manage to find tion with his patient. He shows us statesmen- which had lived in Lucca before it was trans­ a more attractive partner. scholars, writers, poets, musicians, actors and planted into German soil centuries ago. The re- The predominant feeling, however, is that books many others of German or international reputa­ emigration to New Zealand was a different matter. like " Set on Edge" leave one slightly embar­ tion, most of whom had been visitors of Buehler­ The decision was typical of the author's tempera­ rassed, hke a Jewish joke told amongst non- hoehe. Although Stroomann was possibly not a ment : he who had become " europamiide" thus Jews, It gives this reviewer the impression that very original man, he was a thoughtful one. This left a Continent, to which, like Stefan Zweig, he its characters are but uneasy and recent arrivals book is for people who have their roots in the felt inseparably attuned. to these shores, unaccustomed to " civilised" past ; a book to be read on a journey, at a Spa­ " Die Stimme spricht" had opened up new ways. Why is it that the sudden spate of books in the evening before one switches off the light. depths of the poet's personality. In his New on Anglo-Jewry deals mainly with the " seamy " It is most likely not a very important book, ye'- Zealand poetry he became the representative poet and unpleasant side ? Of course this is a facet having read it, one has the feeling that one has of exile to whom a god gave the gift of song. and an important one in Anglo-Jewish life. But not wasted one's time. H.H.F. One may think of Ovid's laments from the Black in English literature, for each "Angry Young * Gerhard Strooman, Arzt auf Buehlerhoehe : Aos meio*'" Sea, of Dante's wrath against the party through Man" there are hundreds of others depicting Roten Nodzbuch. Societaets-Verlag, Frankfurt a/M. I960. which he lost his home, and Heine's unbroken various aspects of English life. Books like this fundamental love of his native country. should certainly be written, but where are the One of Wolfskehl's material losses was the sale writers who will put them into their proper of his library. Everyone who has been forced to perspective ? Perhaps when the Anglo-Jewish part with books knows that this also involves a writers have written this particular aspect out of grave spiritual loss. We can imagine its size and their systems, they will then be able to write Wir kaufen Einzelwerke, Bibliotheken, books of a less one-sided nature. quality when we are told that Salman Schocken, Autographen und moderne Graphik who acquired it, bestowed an annuity on Wolfskehl which enabled him to " live". Yet, however ^NNE RUBIN. Direktor : Dr. Joseph Suschitzky 38a BOUNDARY ROAD, LONDON, N.W.S generous the Jewish philanthropist may have been * Set on Edge, by Bemice Rubens, Eyre & Spottiswoode, it was a rather precarious living at the end. Ltd,. London, 16s, Telephone : MAI. 3030 - AJR INFORMATION February, 1961 Page II

Verhandlungen zwischen Nahum Goldmann und PERSONALIA der Bundesrepublik begannen ". Zeitljn hat viele Freunde in der neuen Heimat, LEON ZEITLIN 85 rende Einzelhandel in den Berliner Spezial- und das kann mit Sicherheit behauptet werden— geschaeften, wie Seidenhaus Michel und Rosen- keine Feinde, Der warme Wunsch, dass ihm ejn J A"" 23. Februar 1961 wird Leon Zeitlin 85 hain, verdankte Zeidin besonders viel. Als schoener und Nutzen spendender Lebensabend iZ *"• ^^ voelliger geistiger Frische und Vertreter der Schriftsteller kam er in den Reichs­ beschieden sein moege, wird sicher von vielen °p.'"^r''enswerter koerperlicher Ruestigkeit hat er wirtschaftsrat ; den ausgezeichneten Wirtschaftier und beachtlichen Lebensgefaehrten geteilt. ein tjohes Alter erreicht, ist er im hoechsten Masse sandte die demokratische Partei in das preussische F.D. Tam ^^''''^ben ; wir sehen ihn gern bei Vortraegen. Abgeordnetenhaus. •dgungen, gesellschafthchen Veranstaltungen, ,^AI. '"^*> immer freundUch und voller Ideen 1922 heiratete Zeitlin die Witwe des suedafrikan- MARY BEETON 85 und Einfaelle. ischen Politikers und Kaufmanns Langermann ; sie ist eine geborene Schidrowitz, Tochter eines For many in our midst the name of Mary hak J stammt aus russisch-juedischer wohl- hervorragenden Zeitungsmannes amerikanisch- Beeton is inseparably linked up with memories naoerider und durch Generationen gebildeter englischer Praegung. Frau Zeitlin, die neben of pleasant days of recreation. An invitation to arniiie. Er i&t in Dresden erzogen worden, hat anderen Talenten eine schoene und hoechst- " Handsmooth ", her beautiful country seat, was "J-^'Pzig den Doktor phil. an der Universitaet geschulte Stimme besass, war ihrem Manne eine for a great number of former refugees a ray of j"lP''°«n, als naher Schueler von Professor Stieda, unermuedliche aufopferungsvoUe Gefaehrtin ; ihr light during the first difficult years of our stay in ri» J^ationaloekonomen, und Wilhelm Wundt, Haus in Berlin war gesellschaftlich ausgezeichnet this country. There were always two or three °em Philosophen, und er ist dann als U.S.A.- geleitet. Unter den hervorragenden Gaesten, die refugee guests in her house, and, in the course of f^onsular-Agent in das Berufsleben eingetreten. man dort traf, waren die Schriftsteller zahlreich ; the years, between 1938 and 1945, about 75 people ," .'^^^m Rahmen war er mehrere Jahre in Gera Walter von Molo war ein intimer Freund. must have enjoyed her hospitality. Many of am x> • °" '^0^ ^'s •90'' '^''•^ «•• j" Frankfurt 1935 fluechtete Zeitlin vor dem braunen Terror them were asked to come again, after they had litp "V^'n. beschaeftigt mit der Verwertung des become her friends. It was Miss Beeton herself 'lerarischen Nachlasses von Boeme und nach London. Es war nicht leicht fuer ihn, sich Schnapper-Amdt. hier mit dem Brtrag seiner Feder zu erhalten. Er who created the atmosphere of the house, and p.'TJ. Jabre 1907 liess er sich in Beriin nieder, wo war Mitarbeiter des Economist, des Guardian und everybody who was permitted to visit her was stell ^"'" Hi'lerzeJt als "free lance" Schrift- der Times, 1941-52 Berater des Institute of Export. bound to be impressed by the cultural standard of kflm "^ '^^t'g war. Seine ueberaus vielseitige Arbeit Die Royal Society of Economists hat ihn zu jhrem " Handsmooth ". Considering the primitive cir­ fellow gemacht. cumstances in which refugees lived in those days Wah "J™^nt'ich zwei Gebieten zugute: der this was a particular blessing. " (;J?'""^'""ung der Interessen der Beteiligten im In der hoechst lebendigen Ideenwelt, die Leon ji;'^"'djzverband der deutschen Schriftsteller " und Zeitlin in Aufsaetzen und Vortraegen darbot, Miss Beeton, who now lives in London (59 TT.v,-it"^'"^°'"8^ fuer Wirtschaftsverbaende der spielte waehrend des letzten Jahrzehntes die Ver­ Carlisle Mansions, S.W.I), is still interested in all pri"'.^ranche und des Einzelhandels. Der Bundes- staendigung zwischen Juden und Deutschland eine matters of cultural and social importance, and it irn Q'L^"' Heuss aeusserte sich ueber seine Arbeit wesentliche Rolle; dabei verlangte er von der is an indication of her attitude that she, a non- seh ^'^""'zverband : " Sie gehoerten zu den nicht deutschen Seite Reue, Bekenntnis und Wieder­ Jewess, is a member of the Society of Friends of «, / ,?ahlreichen Menschen, die begriffen haben, gutmachung. Er ist bei Verhandlungen und mit the Hebrew University. in d ^^ "^^^btiiche und sozial-wirtschaftliche Stuetze Vortraegen auch in Deutschland hervorgetreten. Miss Beeton's 85th birthday on March 4th gives so st^ff^ ^'' *'^" Menschen .bedeuten musste . . . Der deutsche Bundesminister Lemmer sagt, dass me the opportunity of expressing to her, with Leut "^ Sie vor mir als einer der ehrenamtlichen er " als einer der Ersten fuer die Verstaendigung feelings of deep gratitude, my sincerest congratu­ Rirhf' ^"^ ^^^ '"*" ^'<=h if" Hin und Her der zwischen Juden und Deutschen in England oeffent­ lations. "•icntungsslreite 'verlassen' konnte." Der fueh­ lich eingetreten ist . . , noch bevor die offiziellen NELLY WOLFFHEIM.

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Highlight of the Colibri range: MonoGAS. Fitted with auto­ matic temperature control, amazing MonoGAS gives a constant-size flame in heat or cold aulomatically! The world's most advanced gas lighter. Colibri —58/6 to £1,200. Page 12 AJR INFORMATION February, 1961 Bertha Bttdt-Strauss Music Notes EINE BLINDE KLEMPERER ON TV Fittingly introduced by the opening of Beet­ (Aus: " Breslauer Prolile ") hoven's " Eroica ", Otto Klemperer made his first tdl£l television appearance in " Face to Face" on " Und doch, mir ist: als ob nach einem bald erfuhren die Freunde, dass die Operation January 8th; it was also his first public inter­ Uebergang erfolglos geblieben war: voellige Blindheit trat view in this country. Questioned about his lif* Sie nicht mehr gehen wuerde, sondern . . . ein. he emphasised the overwhelming impression he had fliegen". Es ist bezeichnend fuer dies tapfere Leben, dass received from Mahler's conducting ; in fact, to him (Rilke, An eine Blinde) Luise Freyhan spaeter den Tag ihrer Operation Mahler—his " spiritus rector "—was a far greater " Wenn Ihr sonst niemanden haettet als Eure feierte. " Er raubte mir das Augenlicht , sagte conductor than Toscanini. Asked why his London Blinde und Euer Buckelchen . . . auch dann sie, " aber er brachte mir dafuer meine Freunde, programmes tended to concentrate on the classics muesstet Ihr Gott schon auf den Knieen die stets bereit waren, mich mit der Kraft ihrer he hinted at box-office pressure and also at the danken ", so sagte vor etiichen Jahrzehnten eine Augen zu unterstuetzen, wenn ich sie brauchte ". lack of those State subsidies which, prior to 1933, junge Englaenderin, die von ihren Eltern nach Zunaechst aber ging die Blinde selbst an die had enabled him to sponsor contemporary music. Breslau geschickt worden war, um sich in dieser Arbeit, um sich einen Zugang zur Welt zu Klemperer did not conceal his feelings about Stadt, wo die Leute zwar nicht uebermaessig viel schaffen. Sie liess sich von einem Tischler ein the German attitude against " born Jews" ; he Geld, aber desto mehr Bildung hatten, wie man ihr einfaches Holzgestell machen. Nun legte sie den had gratefully accepted American citizenship but erzaehlt hatte, " hoehere Kultur" anzueignen. Briefbogen unter das Gestell, so dass die einzelnen had now settled in ZUrich since the American Das Buckelchen . . . nun das war, wie allgemein Zeilen sich reliefartig abhoben—so war sie faehig, way of life did not agree with him. England bekannt, der ebenso witzige wie gelehrte Orienta­ ihren Freunden leserliche Briefe zu schreiben. was his " second fatherland", and he spoke list der Breslauer Universitaet Professor Sigmund Gewiss, damals war die segensreiche Einrichtung warmly of the response which he had from the Fraenkel, der im Aeusseren etwa dem Philosophen der " Sprechenden Buecher" noch unbekannt, die Philharmonia Orchestra, and of the fairness of Moses Mendelssohn glich, welcher einst in Fried- es auch dem Blinden ermoeglichen, an dem English audiences. Although he had from the richs des Grossen Zeiten die Geister von Berlin kulturellen Leben seiner Zeit teilzunehmen. Aber very beginning wanted to be a conductor, he bezauberte, Aber die Blinde war . . . Luise dafuer richteten nun die vielen Freunde und most definitely found an even deeper satisfaction Freyhan (1878-1932), die am Ende des 19. Jahr­ dankbaren Schuelerinnen Luise Freyhans einen in composing, Reading was his main relaxation: hunderts wohl eines der gejstigen Zentren des festen, zu bestimmten Stunden bei ihr erschei­ especially Goethe, Shakespeare, Heine and gebildeten Breslau verkoerperte. Da war keine nenden Turnus ein, der es uebernahm, der Blinden Nietzsche. He touched but briefly on the severe " hoehere Tochter", die nach Absolvierung der die wichtigsten Neuerscheinungen der Buecherwelt illnesses through which he had passed since he hoeheren Maedchen-^Schule, etwa der Augusta zugaenglich zu machen. Maenner und Frauen left Germany ; viewers will have realised to what oder der Viktoria-Schule, fuer vollkommen wechselten sich in diesem Liebesdienste ab. extent these have left their mark on him. Never­ ausgebjldet gait, wenn sie nicht ausserdem Meine eigene Mutter gehoerte zu diesem Kreise ; theless, in summing up his life, Klemperer con­ noch ein bis zwei Jahre an den. Privat- oft hat sie mir erzaehlt, dass sie sich noch heute cluded : " Happy ? Yes—very much up and down Kursen von " Fraeulein Lieschen " teilgenommen des ersten Buches erinnerte, das sie der BUnden —generally, it was all right, thanks to God." hatte, sich in Literatur und Philosophie weiter habe vorlesen duerfen: es war Mignet's ausgebildet . . . und dabei Denken gelernt hatte. Geschichte der Franzoesischen Revolution. Und H.W.F. genau wusste sie noch, wieviel sie selbst durch Ein jedes Kind in Breslau kannte die hochge­ BROADCAST OF MAHLER'S wachsene Gestalt der schlanken Frau im schwarzen die Fragen und Bemerkungen der Blinden dabei Kleide, die mit raschen, energischen Schritten durch gelernt habe. TENTH SYMPHONY die Strassen Breslaus streifte, Ihre Augen waren Auch auf eine Taetigkeit im Haushalte wollte niedergeschlagen, aber ihr Schritt war so rasch, Luise nicht allzurasch verzichten. Wenn sie an To commemorate the Mahler centenary the dass sie manchmal die kleinere Begleiterin mit den Geburtstagen der Kinder zu uns kam. dann B.B.C. broadcast, during I960, all of Mahler's sich zog, sodass man oft nicht wusste, wer war es ihr hoechstes Vergnuegen. den Geburts- published works. Furthermore, it commissioned fuehrte und wer gefuehrt werden musste. Luise tags-Kuchen selbst zu backen. Dabei durfte ihr Deryck Cooke to prepare the unfinished Tenth Freyhan war nicht immer blind gewesen. Manche keiner helfen ; da sie genau in unserer kleinen Symphony, Mahler's last work, for performance. Freunde erinnerten sich noch lebhaft des jungen Kueche Bescheid wusste, ist ihr auch niemals Two of its movements, the opening Adagio and schlanken Maedchens, das mit hellen Augen in ein Unglueck dabei passiert—und die Blinde the " Inferno", were fairly complete and have die Welt blickte und mit voUgepackten Markt- war beglueckt. Nur auf Eines wollte sie previously been heard ; the remaining movements koerben am Arm ihrer frueh verwitweten Mutter in ihrem Unglueck freiwillig verzichten. Als exist only in sketches (the Facsimile has been zur Hand ging. Das hochbegabte Kind war eine sie erblindete, war sie heimlich schon verlobt mit published). On December 19th Berthold Gold- Vorzugs-Schuelerin der Gleimschen Maedchen- einem jungen Theologie-Studenten, der nachher ein schmjdt, who had assisted Deryck Cooke in his Schule und der erklaerte Liebling des alten Direk- weit beruehmter Rabbiner geworden ist. Als sie extremely exacting task, conducted a broadcast die Schreckens-Nachricht vom Misslingen der performance of almost the whole Symphony— tors Gleim. Spaeter bestand sie mit Glanz ihr Operation erhielt, gab ih'm Luise sein Wort almost, because Mr. Cooke wisely refrained from Lehrerinnen-Examen—das war ja fast der einzige zurueck und bestimmte ihn spaeter, sich ihrer " inventing" where Mahler's sketches gave too Beruf. der Toechtern der gebildeten Haeuser Schwester Anna zu naehern, mit der sich der little hint of his intentions and rather decided to damals offen stand. junge Mann nach geraumer Zeit verlobte und leave a few gaps. Mr, Cooke provided an excel­ In diesen fruehen Jahren war das Freyhansche vermaehlte. Noch heute erinnere ich mich ihrer lent introduction into the work itself and into Haus fast ein Mittelpunkt der Breslauer Gesellig­ bildschoenen, schlanken Nichte Trudel, wie sie the problems which had confronted him, and one keit. Die gastliche. feinsinnige Mutter brachte es am Versoehnungstage die geliebte " Tante Lisel " can hardly be grateful enough to him and the zuwege. dass man in Breslau sagte : Ein Butter­ in die Synagoge begleitete. Uns Kindern fiel B.B.C. for thus " rescuing" the torso of what brot bei Freyhans^das schmeckt besser als ein dann die Ehrenpflicht zu. so viel wir konnten, der might have become one of Mahler's greatest Gaensebraten anderswo. Und Luise selbst war Blinden die Gebete fluesternd vorzulesen, was works, showing a further departure from his nicht etwa sentimental schwaermerisch wie damals manchmal eine Art heilsamen Zwanges auf uns earlier style and a definite approach towards the viele ihrer Genossinnen, sondern mit raschem ausuebte, wenn wir ueber dem Siddur ins musical language of the twentieth century. Witz und einem echt " schlaeschen" Humor Traeumen verfallen wollten. begabt, sodass sie bald der Mittelpunkt eines H. W. FREYHAN, geselligen Kreises wurde. Zumal die jungen So verlief das Leben dieser aussergewoehn- Theologen und angehenden Rabbiner. die zu lichen Frau, " still und bewegt", wie einst Rahel DEATH OF TWO ARTISTS jener Zeit in das schlichte Haus in der Wall­ Levin von dem ihrigen sagte. Noch immer war strasse stroemten, um dort in dem weitberuehmten ihr bescheidenes Haus ein geistiger Mittelpunkt Elena Gerhardt Fraenkelschen Seminar zu studieren, wussten die des juedischen und christiichen Breslau. Wer Gastlichkeit des Freyhanschen Hauses zu etwas auf dem Herzen hatte, der kam zu ihr, The great lieder singer, Elena Gerhardt, died schaetzen. und die Blinde wusste manchen guten Rat, um den sich die Sehenden umsonst bemueht hatten. in London, aged 77, She was born in Leipzig Aber nicht lange dauerte die frohe Zeit, Frueh and came to this country in 1934. together with starb der Vater ; und Luise selbst wurde krank. In vielen Herzens-Angelegenheiten war sie die einzige Vertraute des heimlichen Liebespaares . . . her husband, the late Dr. Fritz Kohl, a former Man sagte sie habe sich mit Spitzen-Arbeiten, director of the German Rundfunk who. for some wie sie damals beliebt waren, die Augen verdor­ Und dann kam das Alter mit seinen Gebrechen, die auch sie nicht verschonten. Immer aber blieb time, had been arrested by the Nazis, During the ben ; viel wahrscheinlicher ist, dass eine in ihrer last years of her life. Elena Gerhardt curtailed Familie schon vorhandene Neigung zu Augen- der Eindmck, den der Besucher von der schlich- ten, immer noch hohen Gestalt im schwarzen her appearances as a singer and gave lessons to krankheiter durch die feinen Arbeiten noch ver­ Kleide mit dem weissen Haar erhielt, der gleiche : private pupils in her home. In an appreciation, staerkt wurde, Nichts wurde unterlassen, um das Hier isl ein Mensch " der seinem Schicksal published in the Guardian, Neville Cardus junge Maedchen zu heilen. Vom besten gewachsen ist". writes: "She seemed to sing as though the music Augenarzt der Stadt wurde sie operiert. Aber —^and the words—were animating her whole being, set into vibration at one stroke of the music." THE NEW HOMES BUILDING SOCIETY. EAST TWICKENHilM POPesgrove 7402 Eric Hollaender Cbtirman : Anthony Marlowe. M,P. Directon : I, Cowen. C,B,E,. D. Schonfield, F,A,L,P.A,. H, Baron. The musician Eric Hollaender passed away in INVEST IN A SOCIETY WITH A PROUD POLICY. the United States, at the age of 77. In Berlin he LOANS TO OWNER OCCUPIERS ONLY ! taught at the well-known " Sternsche Konserva­ INTEREST PAID FROM 4J TO 4J% TAX PAID torium ". the Director of which was his father, Dbtrict Aienn tkrooghoDl U.K. Gustav Hollaender. He also was a conductor at Max Reinhardt's " Deutsches Theater ". AJR INFORMATION February, 1961 Page 13 EXHIBITION AT QUEENSWOOD GALLERY ROBERT JUNGK'S LATEST BOOK The Atom Bomb Threat ahl^f fu'^ something striking and very likeable and in Prague was the founder of the Fauve oout the Queenswood Gallery. First of all, group "The Eight." When he went to Paris, Robert Jungk's long expected new book thinp^ '" "^^ ^^st End. As so many other he found many friends among the artists of " Strahlen aus der Asche", published in Ger­ which ^^ ^^°^^ ^° ^^ centralised in an area the same school. In his landscape " Shanklin man by Scherz, is a sequel to his last one, nuniK» "^c^ "°' only attract the greatest Beach " one can recognise the subdued colour­ " Heller als tausend Sonnen". Having first Wealth'" ^'^'*°" ^"«1 buyers but also the ing which gives his painting the dramatic written the story of the man who split the atom, the m'^^ °"^^' ^^^ they are not necessarily effect, as it did with Vlaminck's dynamic can­ he now relates the fates of the Hiroshima victims. ine.iT '^?"'^"' ^"d genuine lovers of paint- vases, whereas in his " Judgment of Paris", Jungk spent several months in Japan for research GhJil ''="'PtU'-e- Mr. and Mrs. Sanders, the a comparison with Marees is hardly avoidable. and to find out what happened to the victims. Arow^^r,"^ 'h« Queenswood Gallery, 214 The static qualities of the figures are not His deeply moving report is a passionate warning Archway Road, London, N.6, pointed this out without a classicistic note. to the world, though not without hope, because When f/.^^ ^^ "'^ beginning. They stressed that Erich Kahn is the exact opposite. AJR the history of rebuilding and revival is vividly ago it ^^ ^l^^^^^ their venture about a year Information reported on him in the previous told. How the survivors live in fear with the artiste y^^ ^b^"" ^"" to give an opportunity to issue. He does not mind being called a " non- past always invading the present, is the theme of becanc • l^ "^^^^ '"ight have been neglected figurative expressionist ". His " Comedy " thing whU' "° '",°^ ^PP^^l- The second his book. The author is a crusader against forget­ reminded me of the backdrop of a stage fulness, reminding his readers what will happen eallerv Jc^. '^ ^° pleasant at this Highgate setting, only it has much more intensity. His hasl?' i "? ""^"^ simplicity. The work of art joyful experience of things seen, felt and to the world if we neslect the threat of the atom distrant i'^'' for itself and the visitor is not dreamed cannot help shaking off the chains of bomb ness rlrf- I ^"y unnecessary friUs. Its bare- well defined forms and explodes in a crescendo ances i,?^lu ^ °°^ °f those theatre perform- of riotous forms and streaks of paint. He seeks PEM PlavpH • ^ twenties, when the classics were to transpose the feeling of music and poetry GERMAN ZIONISTS IN ISRAEL 1910-1930 scenerv ^^^l 8°*°^ ^^^oid °^ ^nv elaborate into light and colour. A very personal and Word » ^° '™t, without extraneous effects, romantic art. The contribution of old-standing Gennan burdpn i? ',°" ^"'l gesture had to carry the Again a complete contrast, Paul Hamann. Zionists who emigrated to Palestine long before Walls *k ^"^. evening. Thus, from the grey His little sculptures are classical stillness itself. Poien'^.f^ colours and forms stand out in 1933 is recalled in the Quarterly, issued by the '^".^nant contrast. He was born in Hamburg but worked in K.J.V. (Kartell Juedjscher VerbJndungen) in Beriin. In 1910, he was a pupil of Rodin. He Israel. Those mentioned in the publication include March ^.^hibition, which will be open until reveres Maillol as one of his masters. These Georg Landauer, Siegfried Lehmann, Werner himsHf ''i,'"eludes pictures by Mr. Sanders influences make him keep the wholeness of the Senator, Arthur Biram, Elias Auerbach, Ernst Alfred H, '•^'''='1'='' P^'Si' Erich Kahn and human form and his work is infused with a Simon and Mosche Smoira. They, and others, glow nf u"'l ^'- S^n'lers seems to love the deeply felt humanism. had done spadework as engineers, agronomists, visited S.,'S^t colours. No wonder that he All the above mentioned artists originate physicians, educationists and in various other brouBht k^r ^^^^""^i times; from there he from the Continent but in conclusion, I should capacities. The publication also reveals that the fruits c^'i'' sundrenched skies, hills and like to mention a young Jewish painter, Alfred members of this " old" German-Jewish Yjshuv the ant;^^" .""^ ^^^ horn in Dresden, son of Harris, who was born in London. His semi- had been not less critical towards the Polish his flvi^"^ ^?^^^^ Salomon. Every Sunday, abstract landscapes reveal a sure sense of " Fourth Aliyah" than those Polish immigrants Howev»'" 1°°^ him to the Gemaelde-Galerie, colour. His dark greens and browns had a had been to the " Fifth Aliyah " which comprised School of A "'^'"'"^ '^ ^^^ to the Hornsey most soothing and relaxing effect on me. the German-Jewish newcomers from 1933 rederick Feigl comes from Czechoslovakia A. ROSENBERG. onwards.

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Tel,: LANgham 3264/0878 (P.B.X.) London W.l Golden Square, Grams.: FLEXATEX LONDON, TELEX. London, W.l INT, TELEX 2-3540 Page 14 AJR INFORMATION February, 1961 OBITUARY SELF AID REPORT A printed annual report of the Self Aid of Refugees for the year ended February 28, 1960, DR. F. R. BENFEY DR OSCAR MEYER has just become available. It reveals that during Dr. Fred Richard Benfey, passed away suddenly the period under review, about £24,000 could be on December 31st at his home in Melbourne, Staatssekretaer a. D. Dr. Oscar Meyer passed distributed by way of individual grants and main­ Australia, at the age of 58 years. Dr. Benfey, away in Berkeley (Cal.) at the age of 84. Until tenance allowances. The necessary funds were who was bom in Mainz, came of an old German 1933, he was Syndikus of the "Industrie- und derived partly from a substantial grant made from Jewish family of bankers and scholars. Prior to Handelskammer Berlin ". He was also a member the proceeds of the heirless Jewish property in his emigration to Australia in 1939, he took a of the Prussian Diet and of the Reichstag and Germany, and partly from the Self Aid's own keen interest in " Familienforschung" and was Chairman of the German Democratic Party. At collecting activities. an active member of the " Verein f Qr JUdische the same time, he took an active part in the The report states that with the steady rise in Familienforschung". During the war years he municipal work of the City of Berhn as a member the cost of living, particularly with the rise in took a leading part in founding the Association of the " Stadtverordnetenversammlung". Dr. rent caused by the Rent Act, help was urgently of Jewish Immigrants in Victoria and actively Meyer emigrated in 1933 and, in his new country needed by an increasing number of persons worked to establish the special status of German of residence, was a prominent member of the especially as it was also extended to a growing Jewish refugees. In later years, he was one of " Berkeleyer Juristenkreis"; in this capacity he number of Austrian, Czech, Hungarian and Polish the leaders of the Zionist Movement in Australia, was also actively concerned with the legislative refugees from Nazi persecution. and held, amongst other positions, those of problems of restitution and compensation. Treasurer of the Zionist Federation of Australia THE HYPHEN and New Zealand and of the United Israel MAXIMILIAN MUELLER-JABUSCH Appeal in Australia. In 1959, he became Chair­ The February programme of The Hyphen man of the Hachshara Department of the Dr. Maximilian Mueller-Jabusch died in Berlin includes a talk on " The Challenge of the World's Australian Zionist Federation and in this capacity, at the age of 72. Before 1933, he worked for Human Needs". The Rev. T. Madoc-Jones, completely reorganised the Australian Hachshara the Berliner Tageblatt as expiert for foreign affairs O.B.E., B.A., travelling Secretary of the Inter- Farm and placed it on a firm working basis. and, as Press Officer, for the " Deutsche Bank ". Church Aid and Refugee Service, will talk about Dr. Benrey leaves a wife (Alice Benfey) and To escape persecution under the Nazi regime, he the world refugee problem from first-hand a daughter (Marlis Cohen). Mrs. Benfey, who is disguised his identity and worked as a station- experience, on Saturday, February 25th, at Federal President of Australian Wizo, was in master at a small place. During an absence from 7.30 p.m., at Zion House, 57 Eton Avenue, N.W.3. Jersualem at the time of her husband's death, home for a few hours, his Jewish wife was Further particulars about the programme are as a delegate to the Zionist Congress. arrested and ultimately killed in the Ravensbrueck obtainable from the Hon. Secretary, Mrs. A. C Concentration Camp. After the war, he was Winter, 8 Priory Mansions, Priory Park Road, editor of the Berlin paper Der Abend. Mueller- London, N.W.6. ALICE WARBURG Jabusch was a polyhistor and an expert collector of books and works of art. The death of this JEWISH EDUCATION Mrs. Alice Warburg, the widow of the late Max outstanding personality is a grave loss for all his Warburg, died in New York at the age of 86, friends. During the course of the meeting in Jerusalem Her noble personality was of great direct and of the Council of the Conference of Jewish indirect influence on the widespread activities of PROFESSOR ADOLF GUTMANN Organisations, it was decided to call a world her husband. Mrs. Warburg was also actively conference in Europe next year on Jewish Educa­ associated with the organisation " Help and The ophthalmologist Professor Dr. Adolf Gut­ tion. Sir Barnett Janner, M.P., is one of the Reconstruction", founded by the Jews from mann died in Santiago de Chile, aged 83. three convenors and Dr. Nahum Goldmann and Germany in the U.S. for social work within Before 1933 he was Professor of Ophthalmology Mr. Label Katz, World President of B'nai B'rith, their community. at Berlin University. are co-Chairmen.

FAMILY EVENTS Susskind.—Miss Thea SUsskind, Glas­ EGYPTIAN REFUGEE, elderly, Miscellaneous gow, died suddenly on January 6th. seeks full-time job as ledger-clerk. VISITING SECRETARY, typing, Entries in this column are free of Deeply mourned by her brother, Box 787. translating, interpreting, Eng., Ger­ charge. Texts should be sent in by the Martin Suskind, St. Louis, U.S.A., man, French. Own typewriter. BAY. ISth of the month. and her cousins, T. E. R. Frieden­ BOOKKEEPER, experienced, con­ 8777. stein, 268 Kenmure Street, Glasgow, scientious, elderly, seeks part-time Birthdays S.l. employment. Box 788. BEAUTICIAN, worked with court hairdressers in this country, takes Loew.—Mrs. Elfriede Loew (formerly CLASSIFIED Women private clients for massage, beauty Berlin), of 80 Dartmouth Road, Lon­ and hair treatment, in their homes or don, N.W.2, celebrated her 80th birth­ Situations Vacant CLERK/TYPIST, elderly, experi­ by arrangement. 'Phone SPE. 7665 day on January ISth. enced, reliable, seeks full- or part- after 7 p.m. Wooien time work. Box 789. Personal Deaths EDUCATED LADY, preferably with BOOKKEEPER, experienced, elderiy, YOUNG, TALL MAN, 28, pro­ Continental background, required to wants full- or part-time work. Box take charge of kosher household gressive position with car, wishes to Benfey.—Mr. Fred Richard Benfey, 790. marry young, good-looking girl frotn of 8 Hansen Street, Kew, Victoria, (widower and three children at day school), other staff kept; excellent COOK, competent, reliable, seeks respectable, Liberal-Jewish family- Australia, passed away suddenly on Box 795. December 31st, at the age of 58. wages. Middle-aged or elderly person part-time work. Box 791. Sadly missed by his wife, Alice (nie preferred. Box 783. AJR Attendance Service Flatow), and daughter (Marli» Accommodation Vacant Cohen). Situations Wanted WOMEN available to care for sick Men COMFORTABLE HOME offered in people and invalids, as companions Culp.—Dr. Lisbeth Culp, 76 years BOOKKEEPER / CORRESPON­ return for light housework by elderly and sitters-in; full- or part-time (not old, of 22 Thanet Lodge, London, DENT/TYPIST, experienced general gentleman in pleasant Home County residential). 'Phone MAI. 4449. N.W.2, passed peacefully away on town. Box 793. oifice routine, English, German, AJR Needlewoman Service January 1st, after a long illness. French, ItaUan, trustworthy, seeks Deeply mourned by her sister and post, preferably part-time. Box 794. DIVAN-ROOM AND KITCHEN, WOMEN available for alterations, family. central heating, hot and cold water, 5 min. Edgware Tube Station, garage mending, handicrafts. 'Phone MAl- COMMERCIAL ARTIST, aU- 4449. Goldmann.—Mrs. Alice Goldmatm, rounder ; designs, lay-outs, cartoons, possible; 1 lady only. 'Phone nte Mendershausen (formerly Leip­ also copywriting, seeks employment. STOnegrove 6516. MISSING PERSONS zig), passed away in London on Box 784. January 4th, at the age of 77. Deeply Accommodation Wanted Enquiries by AJR mourned by her children and grand­ ENERGETIC, VERSATILE MAR­ children. KET MAN, wide experience grains UNFURNISHED, TWO - ROOM Paul Amholz, formerly bank and animal foods, export/import, FLAT, with kitchen and bath, wanted. employee in Berlin, and his niece, Levy.—Mrs. Helen Levy (n6e Thilo), shipping, documentation, banking, Hot water essential, central heating daughter of Willi Arnholz, formerly of 2 Corringham Court, N.W.II, negotiations, office management; preferred. Box 782. of Duisburg-Hamborn. Sought by * passed away on December 19th, I960, good organiser, linguist, seeks posi­ friend of the family, Mrs. Else after a long illness bravely endured, tion with progressive firm. Box 785. ELDERLY GENTLEMAN wants Jablonsky, France, aged 50 years. Sadly missed by her full board with nice family, or single husband and children, her relatives STOREKEEPER / PACKER / ORDER household; preferably Hampstead Ludwig Spitzer, journalist, born May and many friends. CLERK, elderly, reliable, seeks part- Garden Suburb ; permanent. Box 796. 15th, 1884, in Dresden, beUeved to time position. Box 786. have died during the war. Last" Littman.—Mr. Martin Littman, of 4 LADY wants furnished bed/sitting- known address: Breslau, Kaiser- Bryanston House, Dorset Street, W.l, STOCKKEEPER/PACKER, experi­ room, cooking faciUties, near Hendon/ Wilhelmstrasse 37. Anybody who died suddenly on January 13th. enced textiles, knowledge P.A.Y.E., Golders Green tube. 'Phone HEN. knows particulars about his career Dearly loved by his wife and family. ledgerwork, seeks position. Box 792. 7577. should contact the AJR. AJR INFORMATION February, 1961 Page 15 CULTURAL NEWS BIRTHDAYS ^ LtrrZ WELTMANN 60 FIRST HEBREW FILM DUTCH TV PLAY " They Were Ten ", the first full-length feature On February 15th, Dr. Lutz Weltmann will be Emile Van der Bosch, a photographer, made a 60. He is well known to our readers by his film made in Hebrew, is soon to be shown in this successful d^but in Holland with a TV play, contiibutions to this paper which always reflect country. It has already been shown in Israel " Where the Foxes Roam ". The play, presented his wide knowledge in the field of literature. In and at the San Francisco film festival, where it by the Dutch Liberal Protestant Broadcasting Germany, Weltmann was a critic, producer and was greatiy praised. Organisation (V.P.R.O.), dealt with a Dutch- author. In this country, he has become a teacher The film crew was composed of Israelis, with Jewish family in 1943, a few hours before their by profession, but at the same time, he is a suc­ the exception of three British technicians, and deportation. The actors were Jewish. cessful cultural intermediary between his country the main actors are members of local theatre The play was considered deeply moving by of origin and his new homeland. His works companies. non-Jewish critics, though Jewish critics expressed during the past decade include translations of surprise that the subject should have been Victor Gollancz's books, and his monographs The film recounts the struggles of a group exploited on television only 15 years after the war. on Christopher Fry and T. S. EUot are due to "f people to set up an agricultural colony on a appear in Germany shortly. He also writes for desolate Galilee hilltop towards the end of the It has now been learned that the author was a the German Press, especially as cultural corre­ [ast century. It was written, produced and directed Dutch Nazi during the war. The V.P.R.O. were spondent to the monthly " Europa ". We extend informed of this before the broadcast but claimed our sincerest congratulations to Lutz Weltmann ^y Baruch Dienar, and was shot on location in it was too late to cancel it. They also took into Western Galilee. and wish him success and happiness in his future account that, by choosing this subject, the author work, had wanted to sublimate his guilt feelings. The ^WISH CANDIDATES FOR LENIN PRIZE cast were not informed of the author's identity until after the performance. ^ JAKOB RIESENFELD 80 ., *he list of scientists proposed as candidates for SOLOMON MIKHOELS REHABILrrATED The lawyer, Mr. Jakob Riesenfeld, will celebrate le 1961 Lenin Prize includes the names of at his 80th birthday on February 10th. In Breslau, east 70 Jews engaged in research in various According to a Soviet newspaper report, where he lived prior to his immigration to this "ranches of Russian university and technical Solomon Mikhoels, the Yiddish actor and writer country, he was the partner of a well-known ^ucation, who died mysteriously in Minsk in 1948, has been lawyers' firm. His legal knowledge and experi­ officially rehabilitated in Moscow. He was ence were also of greatest benefit for numerous believed to have been murdered. members of our community with whose compen­ AWARD FOR HUNGARIAN SCHOLAR sation claims he dealt in his capacity as a legal A ceremony was held at the Soviet actors' adviser at the United Restitution OflBce. At the Professor Alexander Scheiber, Director of the central house in Moscow to mark the 70th anni­ same time, Mr. Riesenfeld always took an active Jewish Theological Seminary of Hungary, has versary of MJkhoel's birth, and an exhibition interest in Jewish affairs, especially as a member of his work and life was opened. of the B'nai B'rith Lodge both in his home town eceived the honorary degree of Doctor of Hebrew and in London. We wish our friend Riesenfeld, rfV^rs from fhe Hebrew Union College Jewish Mikhoels visited Britain in 1943, together with Itzik Feffer, the Yiddish poet, on behalf of the who now lives in well-deserved retirement, many 'nstitute of ReUgion. Jewish Anti-Fascist Committee in Moscow. happy returns of the day.

FRANZ ROSENZWEIG "REACTIONARY" JEWISH PRESIDENT OF OLD TESTAMENT -LOUIS WILL 90 STUDY SOCIETY ^A^ording to the Frankfurter Allgemeine Mr, Louis Will, of 22 Dingwall Gardens, Lon­ bv \A-\ ^" attack on Franz Rosenzweig is made Professor J. Weingreen, Professor of Hebrew don, N,W.II, celebrated his 90th birthday on the ^"^. •' Schachnowitz in a book published by at tjie Dublin University, has been installed January Mth. Prior to his emigration, he lived heari-°^'^' Russian Academy of Science under the Presfdent of the Society for Old Testament Study. in Schoenlanke. Mr. Will enjoys health and T-LT "^ " The Reactionary Outiook of Judaism ". Professor Weingreen is the third Jewish Presi­ alertness to an extent which is remarkable for his ga_j^"thor describes Rosenzweig as a " propa- dent of the Society, the two previous being the great age. and he is still active in business. A whn» ' °f the Jewish reactionary philosophy late Dr. Claude Montefiore and the late Mr. great number of friends joined his birthday cele­ lose outlook was a combination of Schelling's Herbert Loewe. Hon. Members include Professor brations. Thanks are also due to Mrs. Jenny Kabhn?"i, the Torah. Existentialism and the Morgenstem of the Hebrew Union College, Nathanson (ndc Hobinstock), who has looked after Jf-u,;^u • Schachnowitz is known as a Russian- Cincinnati, and ^ Dr. Mazar, President of the Mr. Will for more than twenty years and who =wsh anti-religious writer. Hebrew University. celebrated her own birthday at the same time.

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VISIT OF LONDON SYMPHONY NEWS ABOUT ISRAEL ORCHESTRA The London Symphony Orchestra, consisting of ATOMIC REACTOR GERMAN-BUILT FREIGHTERS LAUNCHED 93 members, completed a triumphant fortnight's Reports in Israeli newspapers stated that the A freighter named " Beersheba " was launched tour of concerts in Israel. A fwssible outcome of inhabitants of Beersheba have said that thousands in Bremen by Mrs. Jeanette Lurie, wife of the this tour may be a visit to Israel in the near of people had known of the existence of Israel's Israeli Ambassador in London. Another freighter, future of two instrumental ensembles formed by Negev atomic reactor. The installations could " Har Sinai", was launched in Hamburg. musicians in the Orchestra. be seen from the main highway. PATRIA VICTIMS COMMEMORATED Press reports in Tel Aviv mentioned that TARGET OF NATIONAL FUND American U-2 reconnaisance aircraft photo­ At the Keren Hayesod conference recently held A ceremony was held in Haifa to commemorate graphed the reactor a few months ago. the 240 refugees who lost their lives aboard the in Jerusalem, at which forty countries were repre­ "Patria" on November 25th, 1940, when the sented, it was sitated that the Fund had raised vessel was blown up by Hagana personnel in EXPORT OF AraCRAFT the equivalent of $750 million during the 13 years of Israel's existence, but another $1,000 million Haifa Harbour. was needed in the next decade. The " Patria " was destroyed while loaded with Mr. Heiman Shamir, Deputy Director-General some 1.800 refugees from Nazi-occupied Europe. of Israel's aircraft industry, has announced that Dr. Nahum Goldmann said that if Israel tried Entry had Been denied into Palestine by the Israel is negotiating with several under-developed now to be self-supporting, its citizens would be British authorities, who planned to send the countries for the export of the jet trainer aircraft reduced to the level of barefooted fellahin. If refugees to Mauritius. As a result of the Hagana " Fouga Magister ", which are assembled in Israel Jews abroad wanted to bask in Israel's glory, action, the expulsion order was thereafter under a special Franco-Israeli agreement. He said they must pay for the privilege. Israel would need rescinded. the Israeli aircraft industry had earned $2 million funds for many years to come. last year through work carried out for other GERMANS ASSIST U.A.R. RESEARCH countries. The jets assembled in Israel were also VISITORS FROM GERMANY being supplied to the local air force. It has been announced, after a meeting between Recent visitors from Germany who went to the U.A.R. Minister of Education and German Mr. Shamir stated that new plans included the Israel at the invitation of the Israeli Government Government representatives in Bonn, that the production of small jet aircraft, which would be included Mr. Rudolf Ullstein, the publisher, and German Federal Government will assist the United made in Israel and would be offered for sale to Mr. Fritz Erler, a Board Member of the Social Arab Republic in atomic research projects and the United States and to European countries. Democratic Party. in the peaceful use of atomic energy.

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