Cruel Numbers 2011

A compilation of statistics on child sexual abuse of reported cases in 2011 2011

Aqdas Fatima

Saad Ahmed Khan

Aqdas Fatima Saad Ahmed Khan Regional Office Regional Office Regional Office Regional Office

Farah Naz

Sahil Offices

Sahil Head Office Sahil Regional Office, Jaffarabad Sahil Regional Office, Sukkur No 13, First Floor, Al Babar Center Khosa Mohalla, Near Civil Hospital, House # B 62, Street # 2 F-8 Markaz, , Pakistan Dera Allah Yar Sindhi Muslim Housing Society Phone # (92 51)2260636, 2856950 Jaffarabad Airport Road, Sukkur Fax # (92 51)2254678 Phone # 0838-510912 Phone # (92-71) 5633615 [email protected] [email protected] [email protected]

Sahil Regional Office, Abbotabad Sahil Regional Office, Makhdoom Colony, Nari road House # 686-C, Faisal Town, Lahore Mandian, Purana Ayub Medical College, Abbotabad Phone: 92-42-35165357 Phone # (92-992) 383880 [email protected] [email protected]

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2011 Contents

Foreword 01 Report Highlights 02 Definition of Child Sexual Abuse 03 ?Who are victims of CSA 04 ?Who are perpetrators of CSA 04 ?What are the effects of CSA 04 Objectives of the Report 05 Methodology for data collection 05 Limitations of the Report 06 Presentation of the Statistical data 07 Newspaper Reported cases 2011 07 Presentation of statistical data 07 ?The Gender Divide 08 ?Crime Categories 09 ?Abuser's Categories 11 ?Age Of Victims 13 ?Places Of Abuse 15 ?Time Period Of Abuse 17 ?Geographical Area Of Crime 17 ?District wise distribution 19 ?Reporting Issues 20 ?Case Registration With Police 21 Court Conviction of CSA Cases by Sahil 23 Sahil's Juvenile Data 23 Abduction Cases 2011 24 ?What is Child Abduction? 24 ?Presentation of statistical data 24 ?Gender Divide 24 ?Age of Abducted Children 25 ?Places of Abduction 26 ?Abuser category 26 ?District wise divide for Abducted Children 28 FIA's Analysis 29 Existing Support Network 30 Pakistan Sweet Homes 31 Child Protection Homes 33 What parents should know 34 What to do when you think a child has been a victim of sexual abuse 34 Annexure: List of Newspapers 36

2011

Foreword

Child sexual abuse is a global issue which expands its vicious impression not only on an individual or a family but on the whole society. Children who survive sexual abuse grow up more likely to negatively impact our society in many ways, not just by handing down the legacy of abuse to their own children but also by suffering tremendous emotional changes. The effects of sexual abuse on victims are devastating and life- long and its effects on our society are pervasive.

Sahil was established in 1996 as an organization in Pakistan that works on child protection with special focus on issue of child sexual abuse and exploitation. Sahil takes advocacy and awareness rising as the main tool of implementing its programs. To fight against the phenomenon of Child Sexual Abuse (CSA) Sahil is running the Social, Legal, Educational and Mass Media Awareness Program. Sahil, a pioneer in the collection of data on child sexual abuse throughout the country initiated compiling the cases of child sexual abuse reported in the newspaper into a report called Cruel Numbers which is now in its 11th year.

The effects of child sexual abuse are wide ranging, and vary from survivor to survivor depending on a number of different factors such as the age of the victim, the duration of the abuse, the number of perpetrators, the nature of the relationship with the perpetrator, and the severity of the assault.

The aim of collecting and publishing this data is to present an overview of the situation of violence on children in the form of child sexual abuse and to develop a protective environment for children free from all forms of violence especially child sexual abuse. We hope that these statistics provided by Sahil will be beneficial for all stake holders, and we expect this report is of interest to a wide range of people from all spheres of life and especially for those who are concerned with children's issues. This report highlights the severity of the situation and to make the authorized body to realize the urgency of immediate concerted efforts at all levels to combat this abysmal form of violence on our children.

2011 1 Report Highlights

This year cruel numbers 2011 has been compiled from 65 daily National, regional and local newspapers.

The fight against child sexual abuse is not going to be a smooth one. As the country continues to grapple with the crime, the total number of sexual abuse cases in 2011, stand at a staggering 2,303. This figure shows an increase of 2.26% from previous year figures (2,252).

Abduction cases have shown a phenomenal increase from 850 to 1,112. On average 3 children are being abducted everyday. The three major crime categories show that there were 505 cases of rape/sodomy, 279 cases of gang rape/sodomy and 141 cases of attempted rape/sodomy

Gender-wise distribution follows trends of the previous years where more girls became victims of sexual abuse. The data shows that 72 per cent girls and 28 per cent boys were sexually abused.

Furthermore, a total of 4,846 attackers abused 2,303 children. The largest group identified was that of acquaintances, the second largest group being strangers followed by perpetrators within the family. Like previous years, the highest percentage of vulnerable age group among girls is 6- 18 years. Among the boys, the age bracket of 6-15 years was the most vulnerable. The data shows sexual abuse can occur anywhere, at any time, children are vulnerable anywhere. Statistics gathered by Sahil show 88% of cases of sexual assault took place within four walls where as 12% cases took place in an open area.

The Urban–Rural divide shows that almost 60% cases were reported from rural areas where as 40% of cases were reported from the urban areas

Province – wise division shows that 79% cases of abuse were reported from Punjab, followed by 10% cases reported from Sindh, then 4% by KPK and 6% from Baluchistan and Federal Capital Islamabad. Only 1% cases was reported from Azad Jammu Kashmir and Gilgit Baltistan.

Of all the cases 74% were registered with police, 24 % were unregistered and status of almost 2% cases remained unknown. The identification of name was given of 56% victims, whereas the identity of 37% of the victims was not revealed. Names and pictures of 6% victims were published and picture of 1% victims were published.

2011 2 What Is Child Sexual Abuse?

“Child sexual abuse (CSA) occurs when an adult or adolescent uses a child for sexual purposes. It involves exposing a child to any sexual activity or behavior. Sexual abuse is inherently emotionally abusive and is often accompanied by other forms of maltreatment. It is a betrayal of trust and an abuse of power over the child.”

At the extreme end of the spectrum, sexual abuse includes sexual intercourse or its deviations. Yet all offences that involve sexually touching a child, as well as non- touching offenses and sexual exploitation, are just as harmful and devastating to a child's well-being and healthy development.

Touching sexual offenses include:

?Fondling; ?Making a child touch an adult's sexual organs ?Intercourse: anal or vagina penetration

Non-touching sexual offenses include:

?Engaging in indecent exposure or exhibitionism; ?Exposing children to pornographic material; ?Deliberately exposing a child to the act of sexual intercourse; and ?Masturbating in front of a child. ?Verbal abuse.

Sexual exploitation can include:

?Engaging a child or soliciting a child for the purposes of prostitution; and ?Using a child to film, photograph or model pornography.

2011 3 Sexual abuse of children and youth is shrouded in secrecy, guilt and fear. Offenders use intimidation and threats to keep the child from telling, but the most observed reason children and youth don't reveal is that they are afraid they won't be believed.

Who Are the Victims of Child Sexual Abuse?

Children and adolescents, regardless of their race, culture, or economic status, appear to be at approximately equal risk for sexual victimization. Statistics show that girls are sexually abused more often than boys are. However, boys and, later, men's, tendency not to report their victimization may affect these statistics. Some men even feel societal pressure to be conceited of early sexual activity (no matter how unwanted it may have been at the time). It is telling, however, to note that men who have been abused are more commonly seen in the criminal justice system than in clinical mental health settings.

Who are the perpetrators of Child Sexual Abuse?

Studies on who commits child sexual abuse vary in their findings, but the most common finding is that the majority of sexual offenders are family members or otherwise known to the child. Sexual abuse by strangers is not nearly as common as sexual abuse by family members. Research further shows that men perpetrate most instances of sexual abuse, but there are cases in which women are the offenders. Despite a common myth, homosexual men are not more likely to sexually abuse children than heterosexual men are.

What Are the Effects of Child Sexual Abuse?

The ailing effects of child sexual abuse are wide ranging. There is no one set of symptoms or outcomes that victims experience. Some children may show little or no psychological distress from the abuse, but these children may be either afraid to express their true emotions or may deny their feelings as a coping mechanism. They may experience no harm in the short run, but can suffer serious problems later in life. The effects of sexual abuse extend far beyond childhood and remain a disturbing incident throughout the life of the survivor. Effects include:

?Sexual abuse robs children of their childhood and creates a loss of trust, feelings of guilt and self-abusive behavior ?It can lead to antisocial behavior, depression, identity confusion, loss of self- esteem and other serious emotional problems ?Symptoms include depression, anxiety, guilt, fear, sexual dysfunction, withdrawal, and acting out

2011 4 ?Victims of sexual abuse may also develop fear and anxiety regarding the opposite sex or sexual issues and lead to difficulty with intimate relationships later in life. ?May include regressive behaviors, sleep disturbances, eating problems, behavior and or performance problems at school and nonparticipation in social activities ?Adults, who were sexually abused as children, experience depression, high level of anxiety which can result in self-destructive behaviors, such as alcoholism or drug abuse. ?Victims may also become abuser later in life ?Victim may complaint several medical complaints e.g. somatic complaints, nausea, unexplained pain in genital area, bruises and infection etc

Objectives of the Report:

Easy access to information and media exposure has changed attitudes and behavior of people towards child sexual abuse. Many people acknowledge that CSA prevails in our society; however the extent of cases needs to be documented to provide statistics on the issue. Objectives of this report are: ?To provide facts and figures about child sexual abuse and its dynamics ?To contribute to existing information on CSA in Pakistan ?To contribute towards spreading awareness and information about CSA among all sectors of society including children, families and stakeholders.

Methodology for Data Collection:

The data is mainly gathered through newspapers, other cases reported directly to Sahil's lawyers and counselors and data provided by other organizations like Rozan, LHRLA and WAR. The mechanism for data collection from newspapers is as follows: ?Sahil monitors a total of 65 national, local and regional newspapers (Annexure 1) ?A mix of Urdu, English and Sindhi newspapers from all four provinces ?Out of 65 daily newspapers ú18 newspapers are monitored at Sahil Head office, Islamabad Urdu: 12 English: 6 ú9 newspapers are monitored at Regional Office, Sukkur Urdu: 2 English: 2 Sindhi: 5

2011 5 ú15 newspapers are monitored at Regional Office, Lahore Urdu: 14 English: 1 ú13 newspapers are monitored at Regional Office, Jaffarabad Urdu: 10 English: 2 Sindhi: 1 ú10 newspapers are monitored at Regional Office, Abbotabad Urdu: 8 English: 2 The criterion set by Sahil for recording cases from newspapers is that the victim's age is 18 years or below. This age limit is chosen in accordance with the age defined for a child by the United Nation's Convention on the Rights of the Child. To collect the data a special quantitative module is designed which records gender, and age of the victim, abuser's categories, place of abuse, period of abuse, identification of the victim, identification of the geographical areas with urban- rural divide, and also status of case registration with the police. All the information is recorded directly from newspaper clippings. The form designed for data gathering records five categories of sexual abuse crimes which are usually identified in reporting, these include abduction for sexual purposes, attempt of rape or sodomy, rape or sodomy, gang rape or gang sodomy and murder after sexual assault. For each crime category a definition can be seen in the section, “Crime Categories in Child Sexual Abuse.” The news reports collected by Sahil are double checked in order to avoid duplication, as one child sexual abuse case might be reported several times in different newspapers. Cases received from other sources are not included with newspaper statistics.

Limitation of the Report Statistics on the prevalence of child and adolescent sexual abuse are difficult to collect because of problems of underreporting and the lack of a definition of what constitutes such abuse. However, there is general agreement among mental health and child protection professionals that child sexual abuse is not uncommon and is a serious problem all over the world. In news printed cases, there is often missing information on several aspects of the crime, for instance age of victim might not be mentioned, place of abuse, relationship between abuser and victim, time period of abuse etc, this report therefore carries these gaps too. Also, in many remote areas of Pakistan the channels of communication are yet not strengthened and therefore limited reporting is done from these areas.

2011 6 The mechanism of reported cases reveals that these cases actually go through different stages which involves: the disclosure of sexual abuse which would require the vcitim's ability to tell the parents, parent's capacity to reach to the police, police willingness to launch an FIR. Then a medico- legal examination if required is another hurdle to the reporting procedure. These mechanisms can prevent the reporting of the incident of sexual abuse. PRESENTATION OF STATISTICAL DATA

The data of the year 2011 reveals a total Table 1: Source of Information of 2942 cases of child sexual abuse.The figure includes 2303 cases from Newspaper reported cases 2,303 newspaper,another 31 cases which were Cases reported to Sahil 31 directly reported to Sahil, 27 cases from Casses Reported by Rozan 27 Rozan and 581 cases by LHRLA Cases Reported By LHRLA 581 (Lawyers for Human Right and Legal Aid). Total 2,942

According to the data shared by LHRLA MADADGAAR (a total number of 581 children were victim of child sexual abuse in the year 2011.Out of which 168 were victims of rape and 119 were victim of sodomy. According to them the numbers of sexually assaulted children in the previous year were 294.

Newspaper reported cases 2011:

In 2011 from all over Pakistan, Comparison of Data with last Year a total of 2,303 2303 cases of child sexual abuse were recorded in newspapers. 2252 This shows an i n c r e a s e b y 2 . 2 6 % a s compared to the Year 2010 Year 2011 figures of last year. CSA cases reported in the newspaper only highlight severe forms of child sexual abuse like rape,sodomy and murder after sexual abuse.

A total figure of 2,303 cases shows that almost everyday 6 children are being sexually abused including abduction cases. Excluding abduction cases from the total shows

2011 7 that 3 children fell prey to child sexual abuse everyday in 2011. However including CSA cases of the other organization (please refer Table 1) will further increase this number to 8 children a day. All these figures show there is no chance for denial of prevelance of child sexual abuse in Pakistan.

THE GENDER DIVIDE:

Sexual abuse occurs in every race, class, religion, culture, and country. Every child is vulnerable to sexual abuse. The sex- wise distribution of the cases shows that both girls and boys become victims of child sexual abuse.

Gender Divide of Victims 2500 2303

200 1660 1500 Male Female 1000 643 Total 500

0 Male Female Total

Table 2: ORGANIZATION GENDER DIVIDE Organization Male Female Total Rozan 12 15 27 Sahil 18 13 31 LHRLA 119 168 287 A total of 792 boys have been sexually abused including 643 boys reported in the newspapers (Annexure-1). Mostly cases of sexual abuse among boys are not revealed because of many reasons which may include the following

?Boys do not prefer to disclose such an incident ?They assume it's a part of their sexual orientation ?Consider it a part of their process in becoming masculine ?Guilt prevents form revealing it

2011 8 Results for girls show that 1,660 of girls became victims of sexual abuse in reported cases. Whereas including the organizational data a total of 1,856 girls have been sexually abused. Figures around the globe show that mostly girls are targeted for sexual abuse. Sexual abuse of girls in Pakistan brings shame and guilt for the family, the stigma attached to the loss of virginity is concerned a shame and loss of family honor and thus many deny sexual abuse

Although in a country like Pakistan the mobility of a girl is restricted and strictly monitored but still abuse occurs because figures show that mostly abuse occurs within family or by the persons known to the family who have an easy access to their homes. The reasons for girls being more abused are as follows:

?Girls are seen as sex object ?Girls are considered a means of settling dispute with rivals ?Girls are more easily accessible within home where the majority of abuse occurs ?Girls are submissive and fall prey easily

CRIME CATEGORIES:

The highest percentage in crime category was for cases of rape and sodomy which was calculated 22% out of total 2,303 cases. Prevalence of 70 59 61 gang rape and gang sodomy 60 Crime Categories with 12 % was recorded as the second highest crime 50 category. The highest 40 percentage of crime category 30 Female recorded at third number is 20 Male that of attempt of rape/ 12 10 sodomy which comes out to 10 3 2 2 0 be 6% for both girls and boys. 0 Another 6% children were Rape/Sodomy Gang Attempt of Abducation + Murder Rape/Sodomy Rape/Sodomy Gang murdered after being Murder Murder Rape/Sodomy sexually assaulted. Murder

2011 9 a) Rape / Sodomy Definition: “When penetration takes place”

Rape and sodomy ranked highest among the crime categories. As many as many as 22% cases of rape and sodomy were reported in the year 2011. This is indeed a high percentage when seen in context if reported cases and one can imagine what the actual incidence will be of these crimes. b) Gang Rape/ Sodomy Definition: “Penetration by two or more persons”

According to results Gang rape/ sodomy is recorded as the second highest crime category. Out of 2,303 cases 12% children were gang raped, gang sodomized. It seems that abusers not only lack an individual conscience but also a collective conscience. Gangs are often committed to degrade families by taking revenge over some dispute by “dishonoring” them. Such crimes are also often committed in revenge of refusal to a marriage proposal.

c) Attempt of Rape/ Sodomy Definition: “Sexually violated but no penetration takes place”

These cases are usually reported as attempt of rape or sodomy. Our findings show that this category is the third highest of the crime categories with 6% cases. Alarm raised by victim and help arrives are the reasons for failure for such crimes to take place. Justice system must be strengthened to take exemplary action in such cases so that these attempts are not translated into further abuse. d) Murder after Sexual Assault

Definition: “An act 900 832 where victim is 800 Crime Cateogries murdered after or 700 attempt of rape/ 600 sodomy, of being 500 sexually abused” 400 337 Female Out of total 2,303 280 victims, 149(6%) 300 Male 168 199 C h i l d r e n w e r e 200 80 112 m u r d e r e d a f t e r 100 29 b e i n g s e x u a l l y 0 assaulted. Abduction Rape/Sodomy Gang Attempt of Rape/Sodomy Rape-Sodomy

2011 10 Why are children murdered after being sexually abused?

There are many reasons for which abusers kill the victim in attempt of or after sexual assault and these are: ?As a form of revenge ?Failure in the sexual assault led to anger and culminated in the murder of the victim ?The fear of the perpetrator that the victim might identify him ?A victim may sometimes die due to the multiple injuries inflicted during the assault

ABUSER'S CATEGORY:

Over a long period of time people used to believe that an abuser is a strangely dressed up, mentally unstable dirty looking man, but facts and figures gathered globally proved this myth wrong. An abuser comes from all walks of life; he can be a stranger, an acquaintance or an immediate family member belonging to different professions, that is, from a laborer to a doctor. Our findings show that the abusers do not belong to a specific group, age or economic status. Most sexual abuse takes place in the context of an ongoing relationship between the abuser and the child.

Abuser Category 3000 2657 2500

2000

1500 1315

1000

500 388 148 102 91 56 50 30 3 5 1 0

eacher Incest Police Molvi Driver StrangerRelative AbettorT Neighbours ruck driver Acquaintance T Female Rikshaw driver

Results gathered during 2011 show that a total of 4,846 abusers were involved in sexual assault of 2,303 children. The reason why number of abusers is doubled the

2011 11 number of victims is that in many cases there are multiple abusers, such as a case where victim was abducted by 10 abusers. Out of these 3028 (63%) were acquaintances (known to the victim) while 1374 (28%) were strangers. Sahil's data tells 444(9%) of the abusers were perpetrators within the family.

a) Acquaintance:

Abusers included in this group are known to the victim and his family and their names and relationship with the victim and his/ her family is clearly mentioned in the news reports. It can be very difficult for a survivor to Table 3: Acquaintance's Category trust anyone. It can be even harder when Known by Family 2,657 that person is close to them, and cares for Neighbors 148 them. In most of the cases abuser was Female Abettor 102 someone who had a close and trusting relationship with them. Teacher 91 Molvis 30 The data compiled in the year 2011 Total 3,028 shows that as many as 3028 acquaintances were perpetrators of the crime.

This list of abusers compiled from all the cases clearly shows the involvement of people attributed as “trust worthy” such as Molvis, teachers and neighbors. The table above indicates that 102 female abettors also supported the abusers in sexual crimes; this is alarming as women are thought to be gentle, kind, caring and weak and therefore are not seen as being involved in such a crime, which is why they are used to trap children. It is very ironical to see them committing such a heinous crime. b) Strangers:

Sahil's data for the year 2011 shows 1,374 strangers were involved in sexually Table 4: Strangers assaulting the victims. Strangers are Strangers 1,315 classified in two ways: Police 50 ? If the names of the abusers are unknown Taxi Drivers 9 to the victim's family ?If the news report does not mention the Total 1,374 abuser identity or profession.

Strangers are usually a part of gang rape or sodomy. Robbers/ dacoits and taxi drivers have also been included in this category.

2011 12 c) Perpetrators within the family:

Perpetrators are most often someone the child knows and trusts. As far as we know, perpetrators are most often male relatives, including fathers, brothers, grandfathers, uncles, cousins and friends of the family. Perpetrators can also be female, including mothers, sisters, aunts, and grandmothers. Usually the perpetrator has easy access to the child because he/she has sole responsibility for the child, or takes care of or visits the child, Table 5: Perpetrators Within the Family and is trusted by the child's Immediate relatives (including incest) 56 parents. The data gathered by Relatives 388 Sahil in the year 2011 shows that 56 immediate family Total 444 members (including incest) and 388 other relatives were involved in committing sexual abuse with the victims.

“Incest with children is when the child is sexually violated by a parent, parent figure, older sibling, other relative, or other significant person in the child's family life”.

Incest is any sexual activity between close relatives within the immediate family like father, brother, grand father, stepfather, father's brother, mother's brother etc. worldwide incest cases are the least reported due to the negative repercussions evolving out of the disclosure of the incident. Children are fearful of not being believed. The abuser usually ensures that they feel, that they have asked for the abuse and are therefore guilty of the crime. The family is also fearful of losing support of other family members. Therefore crime in this category is rarely reported.

AGE OF VICTIMS:

Newspapers reported the age of 1,366 cases out of 2,303 cases. In case of age not mentioned, verification is made through other relevant information provided (words or phrases) such as their grade in school, teenager and child which puts them in the required age ranges. Sahil records the cases of sexual abuse with children under five different categories of age. The break up of incidence of crime with in each category of age is shown below:

2011 13 800 749

700 Age of Victims 600 500 387 400 Female 300 248 Male 179 191 188 200 158 84 100 68 51 0 Not 1-5 Years 6-10 Years 11-15 Years 16-18 Years Mentioned

A) 1-5 years:

It was a belief that child sexual abuse only happens to adolescents or older children. But the fact is that children of all age group are victimized. This is also supported by Sahil's result which shows that almost 6% of very young children i.e. from 1-5years were victim of sexual abuse. The reasons why these children are assaulted are many such as:

?They are not likely to express what has happened ?The crime which is often committed through the show of affection ?These children cannot protest b) 6 – 10 years:

According to statistics gathered by Sahil in 2011, the percentage of children sexually assaulted under this age bracket was 19%, the reasons behind a higher percentage for the children under this bracket are: ?They have become more social ?Their exposure outside the home increases ?Lack of understanding regarding self-defense makes them vulnerable

c) 11- 15 years:

A total of 545 children (24%) under this age bracket became victims of sexual assault in 2011. Results show that children under this age bracket are the one who are most vulnerable.

2011 14 The reasons behind this age bracket being so vulnerable are:

?Girls and boys at this age are developing physically and emotionally ?Neglected Children may try to get affection from an outsider ?Children of this age are aware of a good touch and a bad touch but can be easily black mailed d) 16- 18 years:

Results compiled by the data of the year 2011 shows that a total of 242 children (10%) under this age bracket became victims of sexual assault.

The reasons why these children are assaulted are as follows:

?Girls reaching puberty may get involved in relationships which make them more vulnerable ?Girls at marriageable age are more likely to become victim due to refusal of marriages. ?They are used as a revenge for settling family rivalries and disputes as family 'honor' lies in their virginity e) Age not mentioned

Out of the total 2303 recoded cases the age of 937 (41 %) victims was not mentioned in the news reports. The identification of cases as children under 18 has been made through other relevant information (words or phrases) such as their grade in school, “teenager”, and “school going children”, “young girl/ boy and young child”, “minor” or simply as “child” in the news report.

PLACES OF ABUSE:

Sexual abuse can occur anywhere, whether indoors or outdoor places. The following data shows that children are most likely to be abused within four walls.

2011 15 Data gathered by Sahil shows that 1,833 (80%) of Table 6: Closed Places the cases had taken place inside the abuser's or victim's house. This result contradicts the Acquaintances Place 809 prevailing myth that children are vulnerable outside Victim's place 1,024 their house and home is a safe place for them. It also Haveli 12 shows that these children were victimized by those Hotel 26 people who had an easy access to their house. Jail 11 Kothi 7 The third highest vulnerable place in this category Mosque 35 is a mosque, where 35 cases of assault were Policeman's quarter 10 reported. Workplace such as mechanic workshops Rickshaw 7 and small hotels are also those places where children are at risk of sexual assault. Room 15 School 24 It is also sad to note that cases of sexual abuse have Shop 14 even been reported from hotels, shops, jails, Workplace 34 schools and even from clinics. Total 2,028

In rural areas the place identified Table 7: Open Places mostly for abuse is field where 127 cases of abuse have taken place. Abuse Field 127 often takes place due to the Dera 10 unavailability of sanitation facilities. Fish Farm 7 Jungle 21 79 cases identified streets as the second Market 10 most vulnerable place of abuse. Jungle and deserted areas identified as the Medical Camp 8 third highly vulnerable place with 21 Plot 6 cases. Other than these, children have Street 79 also been sexually assaulted at jungle, Village 7 Fish farms, markets, dera and plots. Total 275

2011 16 TIME PERIOD OF ABUSE:

Time period of abuse 1600 Time Period of Abuse shows the duration of the crime committed against 1400 1433 the victim. 1200

The importance of 1000 Female recording the time Male 800 period of abuse is that it 542 shows the cruel power 600 that an abuser exerts 400 over the victim. 144 200 79 Statistics collected by 7 3 32 13 17 4 24 2 3 0 0 Sahil in the year 2011 Once 1 Day 1 Week or 1 Month 6 Months 6 Months Not s h o w s t h a t 1 , 9 7 5 Less or Less or Less or More Mentioned children (86%) were assaulted for once. However 105 children (4%) were assaulted over a period ranging from one day to more than six months time duration. The reason for long term abuse may be due to difficulty in tracking down abusers.

For 223 cases (10 %) the duration of abuse was not mentioned. This may be due to lack of facilities to pursue abusers or it could be that these cases have a low priority.

GEOGRAPHICAL AREA OF CRIME:

Provincial Number of CSA Cases 2000 1800 1839 1600 1400 1200 1000 800 600 Provinces 224 400 94 80 62 3 1 200 0

KPK AJK Sindh Gilgat Punjab Federal Balochistan

2011 17

a) Provincial Divide:

A predominant number of cases 1,839 (79%) were reported from the province of Punjab in the year 2011. The higher number of cases from Punjab is related to its larger population as well as because of the fact that media has greater access and channels of communication in comparison to the unreached remote areas of other four provinces.

From Sindh as many as 224 (10%) cases of abuse were reported, following 94 (4%) from KPK, 3% from Baluchistan and 3% Federal and only 1% from AJK and Gilgit Baltistan.

Less reporting from AJK and GB might be because of scattered population, strict traditional system of jirgah and non- reporting due to honor and shame.

b) Rural Urban Divide:

The number of cases reported from rural communities is far greater than those reported from urban areas.

Geographical Area of Abuse

927 Urban 2303 Rural 1376 Total

In the year 2011 total cases of abuse reported from rural areas were 1,376 (60%) whereas cases reported from urban areas were 927(40%). This is directly related to the fact that more than 70 % population of Pakistan lives in rural areas. Also it is very difficult to hide such incidents in small communities.

2011 18 District-wise Distribution: The District wise distribution shows that districts primarily hit by this menace of Child Sexual Abuse were Lahore, and Kasur. It is pertinent to mention here that the most cases of CSA took place in Punjab.

Table 8: Sr. No. List of Districts No. of cases Sr. No. List of Districts No. of cases 1 Abbotabad 11 39 Khair pur 12 2 Attock 18 40 Khanewal 18 3 Baden 2 41 khazdhar 1 4 Bahawalnagar 27 42 Kotri 4 5 Bahawalpur 18 43 Lahore 399 6 Bajaur Agency 2 44 Laki marwat 1 7 Bannu 3 45 Larkana 19 8 Behra 4 46 Lodhran 6 9 Butgram 9 47 Lucky Ghulam Shah 2 10 Chakwal 49 48 Mach 1 11 Charrsadda 2 49 Mandi Bahudin 7 12 Cheecha Watni 14 50 Manshera 19 13 Chenyot 4 51 Mardan 5 14 Dadu 4 52 Mian chono 1 15 Dehrki 4 53 Mianwali 6 16 Dera Allah Yar 4 54 Miro khan 1 17 Dera ismail khan 2 55 Mirpur 2 18 Dera Murad Jamali 4 56 Mirpur khas 3 19 DG Khan 14 57 Mitthi 1 20 93 58 Moro 3 21 Ferozwala 10 59 48 22 Ghotkki 1 60 Muzzaffargarh 13 23 Gilgit 1 61 Nankana 107 24 Gujarnwala 53 62 Narowal 2 25 Gujrat 6 63 Naseerabad 1 26 Hangu 1 64 Nawab shah 2 27 Hari pur 11 65 Nodero 2 28 Hyderabad 17 66 Noshki 6 29 Islamabad 64 67 Noushero Feroz 5 30 Jacobabad 4 68 Nowshehra 6 31 Jhelum 16 69 Nukhandi 1 32 Jhang 19 70 Obawro 1 33 Kabeerwala 7 71 Okara 123 34 Kamber 5 72 Pakpattan 24 35 21 73 Panjgoor 1 36 Kark 2 74 Pano Aqil 6 37 Kashmore 1 75 Pashin 1 38 Kasur 206 76 Peshawar 14

2011 19 Sr. No. List of Districts No. of cases Sr. No. List of Districts No. of cases 77 57 87 Shangla 2 78 Rahim Yaar Khan 14 88 Sialkot 65 79 Rajan pur 7 89 Sibbi 2 80 Rawalakot 1 90 Sijawal 4 81 Rawalpindi 307 91 Sukkur 62 82 15 92 Tando Allah Yaar 11 83 Sanghar 4 93 Tando Jan Muhammad 1 84 20 94 Turbat 1 85 Sawabi 3 95 Vehari 32 86 Sheikhupiura 87 96 Zohb 1 Grand Total 2,303

The data collected by Sahil from 96 districts shows that highest number of cases i.e. 17% took place at Lahore, Rawalpindi reported the second highest number of cases (13%) and Kasur came third in this category with 9% of cases.

REPORTING ISSUES:

Our findings show that out of total 2,303 cases of child sexual abuse, names of 1,285 (56%) children were published in newspapers.

900 839 800 Identification of Victims 734 700 600 500 446 400 Female 300 Male 200 127 100 70 64 17 6 0 Name Printed Picture Name + No Printed Picture Printed Identification

2011 20 Name and pictures of 134 (6%) children and only picture of 1% children was published. The identity of 861(37%) children was not reported. Table 9: Comparison Of Identification Of Victims 2010 2011 Name Printed 62% 56% No Identification 28% 37% Name+ Picture Printed 9% 6% Picture Printed 1% 1% The decrease in name and picture printed shows that media is increasingly being careful and following a code of conduct. Media needs to be further sensitized on the importance of hiding the victims identity as it leaves a negative impression on the victim. On the other hand it is required to highlight the abuser and his/her details in the media.

CASE REGISTRATION WITH POLICE:

Most of the child sexual abuse 1,711 (74%) cases reported in the newspaper were registered with police, which means that an FIR (first information report) was lodged at the concerned police station. This situation is encouraging as many people who are not well aware of the issue and its repercussions seek justice by approaching police.

1711 Status of CSA Cases

542

50

Registered with Status no Unregistered with Police Inentioned Police

2011 21 On the other hand we see that there were 50 cases (2%) which were unregistered which in some cases may be due to the fact that the influential abuser party pressurized the police not to register the case against them. Registration status for 242 cases (24%) remains unknown.

Court Convictions of Child Sexual Abuse Cases in 2011: The purpose of analyzing the data of court convictions of child sexual abuse cases is to show that justice in these cases was received in due course of time. Convictions of CSA cases are happening even though the process is long and sometimes might take 5 years or more.

Decisions on a total of 8 cases have been given in 2011:

Table 10: Court Convictions of CSA Reported in 2011 Year of case Registration Victim Age Crime Category Imprisonment Fine City

10 2008 Boy Years Sodomy 7 Years 40,000 Rawalpindi 14 2010 Boy Years Sodomy 30 Years 50,000 Rawalpindi 7 Death 2010 Girl Years Abduction+Rape Sentenced 150,000 Chakwal 10 Death 2010 Girl Years Rape + Murder Sentenced 200,000 Karachi 9 2010 Girl Years Rape 14 Years 50,000 Faisalabad 4 2010 Girl Years Abduction+Rape 24 Years 200,000 Kasur 6 2010 Girl Years Rape 10 Years 50,000 Rawalpindi 10 Attempt of 2010 Boy Years Sodomy 7 Years 25,000 Chakwal

2011 22 The following table shows cases of child sexual abuse which received free legal aid from Sahil and were convicted in the year 2011: Table 11: Court Convictions of CSA Cases by Sahil in 2011 Year of case Age Crime Category Imprisonment City Registration Victim Fine Mandi 2007 Boy 7 Sodomy 10 Years 10,000 Bahudin 2009 Girl 8 Rape 25 Years 50,000 Arifwala 2009 Boy 14 Sodomy 10 Years 20,000 Jand 2010 Boy 9 Sodomy 6 Years 40,000 Rawalpindi 2010 Boy 7 Sodomy 25 Years + Death 20,000 Chakwal 2010 Boy 16 Gang Sodomy 7 20,000 Narowal Attempt of Gang Dera Allah 2010 Boy 8 6 Months 3,000 Sodomy Yaar 2010 Boy 16 Sodomy 15 Years 20,000 Rawalpindi 2011 Boy 6 Sodomy 2 Years 10,000 Fateh Jang 1 Acquittal 2010 Girl 17 Gang Rape 2 Under Court 25,000 Fateh Jang Prosecution 2011 Girl 6 Attempt of Rape 12.5 Years 25,000 Fateh Jang

SAHIL'S JUVENILE DATA: Following are the court juvenile cases handled by Sahil from the year 2006 to 2011.

Table 12:

Court Release of Juvenile Cases Handled by Sahil Year No of cases 2006 20 2007-08 35 2009-10 45 2011 25 Total 125

2011 23 ABDUCTION CASES 2011

What is Child Abduction? Child abduction is the unauthorized removal of a minor from the custody of the child's natural parents or legally appointed guardians. The term child abduction confounds two legal and social categories which differ by their perpetrating contexts: abduction by members of the child's family or abduction by strangers:

?Parental child abduction: a family relative's (usually parent's) unauthorized custody of a child without parental agreement and contrary to family law ruling, which largely removes the child from care, access and contact of the other parent and family side.

?Abduction or kidnapping by strangers (from outside the family, natural or legal guardians) who steal a child for criminal purposes which may include: ? 1. extortion, to elicit a ransom from the guardians for the child's return

2. illegal adoption, a stranger steals a child with the intent to rear the child as their own

3. human trafficking, a stranger steals a child with the intent to exploit the child themselves or by trade in a list of possible abuses including slavery, forced labor, sexual abuse, or even illegal organ trading

4. murder

According to the data collected by Sahil in 2011, abduction cases have steadily increased from 850 in 2010 to 1,112 in 2011, averaging the daily abduction of three children.

PRESENTATION OF STATISTICAL DATA

Gender Divide For Abduction Cases: According to the data collected by Sahil in 2011, out of 1,112 abduction cases the percentage of girls was 74% and boys was 26%.

Girls are more likely to be abducted for prostitution or domestic work; boys maybe trafficked in to forced labour.

2011 24 1200 1112 Gender Divide of Victims 1000 824 800

600 Female Male 400 288 Total

200

0 Female Male Total

AGE OF VICTIMS OF ABDUCTED CHILDREN:

According to statistics of 2011, we can see that the age range for abduction cases includes children from 1 year old to 18 years old.

450 405 400 Ages of Victims 350

300

250 205 200 Female Male 150 106 78 83 100 63 50 58 36 50 28

0 1-5 Years 6-10 Years 11-15 Years 16-18 Years Not Mentioned

The most vulnerable age group is of children between the ages of 11-15 years with 263 cases, followed by 141 cases under the age bracket of 6-10 years and 134 cases under the age bracket of 16-18years.

2011 25 PLACES OF ABDUCTION:ABDUCTION:

In 530-(48%) cases, abduction has taken place within the victim's place, 37% abductions took place at acquiantance place. In about 15% cases different places were identified such as workplace, street, school, village, field, mosque and jungle.

600 530 Places of Abduction

500 419

400

300

200 58 41 30 100 13 10 9 2 0

illage Field Street V Jungle s Place School Mosque ork Place W ictim’ V

Acquaintance Place

The wide variety of places of abduction raises many questions about safety of children and suggests that actually no place is safe. In this scenario children have to be educated to avoid getting into risky situations.

ABUSER CATEGORY It is encourging to see that over the years more detailed reports are being giving regarding the abductors. According to the data collected by Sahil in 2011 a total number of 2310 abductors were involved in abducting 1,112 children.

2011 26 Acquiantances continue to be the largest group of abductors throughout the year with a percentage of 56 percent.

The second largest category of abductators is strangers (31%). These abusers are clearly defined as unknown to the victims.

The third category shows that 10% relatives were involved in abducting the children.

The figure of 70 (3%) female abettors involved in abuction shows that a female accomplice is required for abduction purposes.

1198 Abusers Cateagory

711

221 70 40 40 20 6 4

Molvi Plice eacher Incest Abettor T StrangerRelative Neighbor

Acquaintance Female

2011 27 DISTRICT DIVIDE FOR ABDUCTED CHILDREN According to the data collected by Sahil in 2011 Lahore topped the list of the abduction cases at 22%, followed by Rawalpindi 19 %, Kasur 9 % and Okara 5%. Table 13: List of Districts No. of cases Kasur 97 Abbotabad 5 Khair pur 5 Attock 14 Khanewal 2 Badin 1 Khazdhar 1 Bahawalnagar 6 Lahore 243 Bahawalpur 6 Larkana 10 Bajaur Agency 14 Mandi Bahudin 1 Bannu 2 Manshera 7 Behra 2 Mardan 3 Butgram 3 Multan 3 Chakwal 25 Muzzaffargarh 1 Cheecha Watni 1 Nankana 47 Chenyot 2 Naseerabad 1 Dadu 1 Noshki 5 Dera Allah Yar 2 Noushero Feroz 3 Dera ismail khan 1 Nowshehra 4 DG Khan 3 Okara 60 Faisalabad 38 Pakpattan 9 Ferozwala 5 Peshawar 7 Ghotkki 1 Quetta 43 17 Rahim Yaar Khan 3 Gujrat 2 Rajan pur 2 Hangu 1 Rawalakot 1 Hari pur 1 Rawalpindi 208 Hyderabad 6 Sahiwal 8 Islamabad 43 Sanghar 10 Jacobabad 4 Sawabi 1 Jhelum 5 Sheikhupiura 37 Jhang 8 Sialkot 33 Karachi 5 Sukkur 18 Kark 1 Tando Allah Yaar 7 Kashmore 1 Vehari 6 A better outreach, lack of parallel judicial system and probably a better confidence level between law enforcing agencies and citizens could be the reason for higher reporting of abduction cases in Punjab.

2011 28 FIA'S ANALYSIS: According to an estimate by FIA, many children and adolescents are abducted every year in Pakistan. The other nature of abuse included in FIA's yearly analysis other then abductions are forced marriages, procuration of minor girl, buying and selling of minors for purpose of prostitution, beggary and trafficking, etc . According to FIA's in 2011 the source areas of abductions and human trafficking are: ?Gujranwala Gujrat, Sheikhupiura ?Rawalpindi Sialkot Rahim Yar Khan ?DG Khan Tando Allah Yar Ghotki ?Kashmore Badin Turbat ?Dera Bugti Gawadar Peshawar ?Quetta Rajan Pur Table 14:

Sent Children S. Section Pending Nature of Crime Period up for Male Female Below 18 No. of Law Trial Registered Trial Convicted Years 365/ Kidnapping or 2011 4291 935 3 841 52 3544 279 BPPC Abducting or inducing a 1. woman to compel for marriage etc

367/ Kidnapping or 2011 280 126 1 110 37 6 222 APPC Abducting in 2. order to subject person to unnatural lust

496/ Enticing or 2011 3412 750 1 608 32 3035 23 APPC taking away 3. or detaining with criminal intent a woman

Any Other Law 2011 32 13 0 13 0 11 21 4. concerning Human Trafficking 364/ Kidnapping or 2011 23 6 0 5 4 16 3 APPC Abducting a 5. person under the age of ten

6. 366/ Procuration 2011 3 1 0 1 0 5 2 APPC of Minor Girl

371/ Selling person 2011 820 714 1 354 1483 15869 1 7. APPC for purposes of prostitution, etc

2011 29 The analysis says that as many as 34 cases of kidnapping or abducting a person under the age of 10 were reported in 2011, Out of which 23 were registered and 6 were sent up for trial. 16 girls, 4 boys and 3 children below 18 years were abducted.

According to FIA it is very necessary to address these high risk marginalized segment of the society. They are working on reviving existing legislation, developing new laws relating to child protection, training and capacity building of law enforcement in identification, protection and treatment of victims, Training of law enforcement officials in proficiency of investigation process, officials including police lawyers and social welfare officers. FIA is also conducting public campaigns about laws concerning this issue of child abduction and trafficking to create mass awareness.

FIA desires that all stakeholders should maintain necessary coordination and evolve a concerted strategy, to bring about considerable improvement to combat the burning issues like illegal human trafficking, protection of women, children, victims of commercial sexual exploitation, forced labor, child abuse, involuntary servitude etc. keeping in view that Pakistan is a source, destination and transit country.

FIA stressed upon more exchange of information between NGOs and FIA to identify victims and traffickers so that the ever increasing menace of both internal and external trafficking be eradicated and Pakistan's image in this regard be improved in international community.

EXISTING SUPPORT FRAMEWORK

A- PAKISTAN SWEET HOMES

Since signing of the Convention on the Rights of the Child in 1989, Pakistan has taken various initiatives for fulfilling its obligations. PBM Act-1991 speaks that the money in the Bait-ul-Mal shall be utilized to provide residential accommodation and necessary facilities to the destitute and needy widows and orphans etc throughout the country. In this regard, twenty five (25) Orphanages called as “Sweet Pakistan Homes (PSHs)”, have been established, where 2500 Orphan Children have been enrolled. Resident Children are being provided with free furnished accommodation, free nutritious balanced diet, free education up to Matric and above, free uniform, books and stationary etc, free summer/winter clothing, medical care, Skill development, free laundry service, prayer room/ religious education, counseling /legal Aid for victims of violence and abuse.

2011 30 No. Name of Sr. City Location of PSH Children School Rawalpindi-I

(Combined building Sihala, Near Kak Pul, 01 100 The Educators with PSH Islamabad Islamabad and being run by MAJU under MOU) House No. 148-A, Pak PWD Employees Cooperative Siddque Public 02 Rawalpindi-II 100 Housing Society Lohi Bher, School (Free) Islamabad Vehary Road,Bultes Mill, 03 Multan Allah Wasaya Chowk 124 The Educators Multan Karkhana Chowk,Raffi 04 Bahawalpur Qamar Road, Khalid Town, 100 APWA Bahawalpur 113-A, Canal View, Near 05 Lahore Thokar Niaz Baig Lahore 100 Allied Schools

H. No. 69 PAF Road Sanai School 06 Sargodha near Govt. Technical 100 Training College Sargodha ( Free)

H. No. 190, Raza Town Chak No. 204-RB, Near 07 Faisalabad Dhamar House Canal 100 The Educators Road, Faisalabad Kothi No.3, Sethi colony, 08 Gujranwala Near Chenab Gate Rehwali 100 The Educators Gujranwala Cantt 09 Gujrat Nizamabad , Shadman 100 To be finalized Colony, Gujrat Plot No. F-111, Sector 31-E, Lucknow Housing Society 10 Karachi-III 100 Nasra School Korangi Road Karachi Plot No. 34, Block-A, Government Employees 11 Nawabshah Co-Operative Housing Society, AJ School and Nawabshah 100 College

2011 31 CS No. 21/175/176, Gulshan- e-Mustafa Colony, Near Larkana Sachal Sarmast Township, IIUI School, 12 Shahbaz Colony,Near Wapda 100 Larkana Campus RO Office, Larkana Block No. 9-10/48, 13 Mirpur khas Satellite Town, 96 The Educators Near Mirs Village Mirpur khas

House No. 171, 172, Block-A, 14 Sukkur Sindhi Housing Society, 90 Public School Airport Road, Sukkur

House No.132-133, Block-H, National Education 15 Mardan 100 Sheikh Maltoon Town Mardan School Abbottabad Modern School System, (Running by Opposite Ayyub Medical Modern School 16 100 COMSATS Complex, Gate No.03, System under MOU) Abbotabad Pukhwal Road, Dub No. 2, 17 Mansehra 100 The Educators Mansehra 18 Swat Rahimabad, Mingora Swat 100 Allied Public School Ejaz House,Railway Line, The Daffodils 19 Peshawar Pawaka,Street No.02, Near 100 School Mukaram Khan Masjid,Peshawar and Nursery House No.60-C, Al-Hadeed Public 20 Quetta Railway Housing Society, 100 School (Army Joint Road, Quetta Public School) H. No. M/12 Khudd-e-Dad Taleem Foundation 21 Zohb 100 Road Zhob Grammer School Islamabad - I (Sihala) (Combined building Sihala, Near Kak Pul, 22 100 The Educators with PSH Rawalpindi Islamabad and being run by MAJU under MOU) Education has been Islamabad-II Rahat Villa, Bara Kahu, arranged within the 23 (Bara Kahn) Shahpur Islamabad 105 PSH premises Khassara No. 58, Ward No. 4, Read Foundation 24 Muzaffarabad Domail Syedian Opp. University 100 Girls Hostel, Muzaffarabad School Read Foundation 25 Gilgit PIA Link Road, Domyal, Gilgit 100 School

2011 32 Five (5) New Pakistan Sweet Homes (PSHs) are being established in the following districts: - Sr. City Building Location No. Children Name of School Punjab 1 Rawalpindi To be finalized Being identified Being identified 2 Okara To be finalized Being identified Being identified 3 Murree To be finalized Being identified Being identified ICT/AJK/NAs 4 Skardu To be finalized Being identified Being identified 5 Dadyal(AJK) To be finalized Being identified Being identified

Child Protection & Welfare Bureau Child Protection &Welfare Bureau was established in July 2004 under the administrative control of Home Department. It's an autonomous body of Government of Punjab mandated to protect and rehabilitate destitute and neglected children through provision of an environment that maximizes the provision of childhood development and promotes access to education, healthcare and psychological well being. The bureau was established under the Punjab destitute and neglected children Act, 2007 which is an effective legal work in line with the UNCRC. CPWB is currently List of Child Protection & Welfare Bureau Offices Sr. Center Phone No No.of Children Address Child Protection Institution Anguri Bagh 1 Lahore 04299250275-6 9825 Scheme, Shalamar Link Road, Lahore Child Protection Institution, Old Canal 2 Gujranwala 0559201219 3410 Rest House, Near Chatha Hospital, Gujranwala Child Protection Institution,Hasanpura, 3 Sialkot 0523240072 421 Masharaqi Capital Road ,Sialkot Child Protection Institution, Chak # 4 Faisalabad 0418879186 2046 5/JB, Kamal pur By Pass Chowk, Sarghoda Road, Faisalabad Child Protection Institution, House 5 Multan 0616523246 3089 # 105, Shalimar Colony,Bosan Road, Multan Child Protection Institution, Dhok Meeran, 6 Rawalpindi 0515488380 100 Kotha Kalaan, Near Attock Oil Refinery, Rawalpindi Child Protection Institution, Chorhatta 7 D.G Khan 06422468098 100 Multan Road, Near Board of Intermediate & Secondary Education.

2011 33 delivering child protection in the seven districts of the province including Lahore, Faisalabad, Multan, Sialkot, Gujranwala, Dera Ghazi Khan and Rawalpindi. A total of 39, 270 destitute and neglected children have been facilitated by bureau in six years. Contrary to the traditional concept of orphanages and welfare homes children at protection institutes are provided with residential, educational, vocational and recreational facilities.

What Parents Should Know

?Stress your child that he or she should feel comfortable telling you anything, especially if it involves another adult ?Make an effort to know the people your child spends time with, know their friends and be clear with you children about the places and homes they may visit ?Teach your children about their bodies ;give them the correct language to use when describing their private parts ?Always have your children check-in with you when they arrive at or depart from a particular location, and do the same when you run late so that they see the rule is for safety purposes and is not being used to “check-up” on them ?Remind your children NEVER to hitchhike, approach a car or engage in conversation with anyone in a car, or go anywhere with anyone without your permission. ?Teach your children that they have the right to say NO to any unwelcome, uncomfortable or confusing touch or actions by others. ?To tell immediately if they feel unhappy. Reassure them that you are there to help and it is okay to tell you anything. ?Notice when someone shows your children a great deal of attention or begin giving them gifts. Take the time to talk to your children about that person and beware of the circumstances. ?Be sensitive to changes in your children's behavior. If your children confides to you, remain calm, non critical, and non judgmental. Listen compassionately and work with them to get the help they need. ?There is no substitute for your attention and supervision. Be available and take time to really know and listen to your children to build feelings of safety and security.

What to do when you think a child has been a victim of sexual abuse

?Give the child a safe environment in which to talk to you or another trusted adult. Encourage the child to talk about what he or she has experienced, but be careful not to suggest events to him or her that may not have happened. Guard against displaying emotions that would influence the child's telling of the information.

2011 34 ?Reassure the child that he or she did nothing wrong and it was never hid fault. ?Seek psychological support and assistance for the child. ?Arrange for a medical examination for the child. Select a medical provider who has experience in examining children and identifying sexual and physical trauma. It may be necessary to explain to the child the difference between a medical examination and the abuse incident. ?Be aware that many states have laws requiring that persons who know or have a reason to suspect that a child has been sexually abused must report that abuse to either local law enforcement officials or child protection officials. In all cities medical personnel, mental health professionals, teachers, and law enforcement personnel are required by law to report suspected abuse.

2011 35 List of Newspapers (Annexure-1)

Sr. Newspapers Language Sr. Newspapers Language 1 Daily Times Rwp/ ISB English 34 Daily Insaf Lahore Urdu 2 Daily Dawn Rwp/ ISB English 35 Daily Din Lahore Urdu 3 The Nation Rwp/ ISB English 36 Roznamma Aaj Peshawar. Urdu 4 The News Rwp/ ISB English 37 Roznamma Sabah Peshawar Urdu 5 Daily Khabrain Rwp/ ISB Urdu 38 Roznamma Mashriq Peshawar Urdu 6 Daily Asas Rwp/ ISB Urdu 39 Daily Aaj Atd Urdu 7 Daily Jinnah Rwp/ ISB Urdu 40 Roznamma Subah Atd Urdu 8 Daily Nawa-I-Waqt Rwp/ISB Urdu 41 Daily Tameer-e-Sindh Khi/Suk Sindhi 9 Rwp/ISB Urdu 42 Daily Azadi Quetta Urdu 10 Daily Express Rwp/ ISB Urdu 43 Daily Mashriq Quetta Urdu 11 Daily Al-Sharq Rwp/ ISB Urdu 44 Daily Post Rwp/ ISB English 12 Rwp/ ISB Urdu 45 Daily Leader Lahore Urdu 13 Daily Nawa-I-Waqt Lahore Urdu 46 Daily Mahasib Atd Urdu 14 Daily Express Lahore Urdu 47 Daily Serhad News Atd Urdu 15 Daily Pakistan Lahore Urdu 48 Daily Chaita Atd Urdu 16 Daily Khabrain Lahore Urdu 49 Daily Shimla Atd Urdu 17 Daily Jinnah Lahore Urdu 50 Daily Shamal Atd Urdu 18 Daily Asas Lahore Urdu 51 Daily Foothill Atd English 19 Roznamma Jang Lahore Urdu 52 Daily Iqra News Mansehra Urdu 20 Daily Khabrain Multan Urdu 53 Daily Kawish Hydrabad Sindhi 21 Daily Express Multan Urdu 54 Daily Ibrat Hydrabad Sindhi 22 Daily Nawa-I-Waqt Multan Urdu 55 Daily Khabroon Sukkur Sindhi 23 The News Karachi English 56 Awami Awaz Sukkur Sindhi 24 Daily Dawn Karachi English 57 Daily Sobh Khi Sindhi 25 Roznamma Jang Karachi Urdu 58 Daily Awam Quetta Urdu 26 Daily Express Sukkur Urdu 59 Daily Intkhab Quetta Urdu 27 Roznamma Jinnah KPK Urdu 60 Daily Murad Quetta Urdu 28 Roznamma Ausaf KPK Urdu 61 Daily Etmad Quetta Urdu 29 Roznamma Express Peshawar Urdu 62 Daily Baakhabar Quetta Urdu 30 Daily Jang Quetta Urdu 63 Daily Dunya Quetta Urdu 31 Daily Ajar Kal Rwp/ISB Urdu 64 Daily Asaab Quetta Urdu 32 Daily Waqt Lahore Urdu 65 Daily Nazim Quetta Urdu 33 Daily Aaj Kal Lahore Urdu

2011 36

SAHIL REFRENCE IN PAKISTAN LAW JOURNAL (PLJ) CASE LAW

P L J 2000 Cr.C. (Lahore) 913 (DB) (Multan Bench Multan) Present: TASSADUQ HUSSAIN JILANI Nasim Sikandar, JJ STATE-Petitioner Versus ABDUL MALIK alias MALKOO-Respondent Criminal Revision No. 16/2000, allowed on 3.2.2000 Offence of Zina (Enforcement Of Hadood) Ordinance, 1979 (VIII of 1979) S. 10—Offence of raping girl 6/7years of age was an act which was cruel, wicked and offensive, therefore the same would fall within the ambit of expression “heinous offence” used in preamble of anti-Terrorism Act,1997, calling for extra-ordinary remedy in law---such offence would thus ,constitute terrorist act-Rape with child was thus, Zina-bil-Jabar in aggravated form of child molestation and person who was proved to have committed such offence would be punished in terms of punishment provided by offence of Zina (Enforcement Of Hadood)Ordinance 1979—Alleged offence of child rape would thus ,be tried by special court constituted under Anti-Terrorist Act,1997. However, we would like to quote the survey report of an NGO from Islamabad, published in Daily Dawn dated 13th of Feb.2000 which has not been changed by the Government. As per the said report about one thousand children were abused in the year, 1999. The afore-referred report is being reproduced below.

Islamabad,Feb .12 A spokes person for Sahil, an NGO working against child abuse, told a press conference here on Friday that during 1999 as many as 945 children were sexually abused by 1,629 men. Sahil put out these figures by monitoring media for cases of child sexual abuse .The NGO monitors 11 Urdu and English Newspapers regularly. The spokes person for Sahil said that out of 945 reported cases, 56 percent pertained to girls and 44 percent to boys.

He said that these 945 cases were just the tip of the iceberg. Sahil maintains that the majority of the cases go unreported due to social tendencies of denial and silence. According to the statistics of the Sahil, out of 1,629 abusers, 1219 were acquaintances. About murder after sexual assault, the NGO said 15 girls were gang raped and 15 boys were murdered. It said that 169 girls were gang raped and 117 male children were sadomized.

Sahil's data shows that 21 cases of incest were reported during Jan-Dec 1999. This is a confirmation for those who deny that incest occurs in Pakistan. According to Sahil's figures. During this period, the abusers have targeted a majority of boys between the ages of 5-10years and 10-15 years.

The foregoing report further highlights the gravity of the issue. This judgment and the reasons given above shall be read along with the short ordered dated 3.2.2000 vide this criminal Revision was allowed, the order passed by the special court-II Multan constituted under the Anti-Terrorism Act, 1997 was set –aside and the case registered vide FIR NO.404 dated 6.9.1999 U/S. 10 offences of Zina (Enforcement Of Hudood) Ordinance VII of 1979 PS Basti Malook Multan was directed to be tried.

(Same case law was reported in PLD (Pakistan law digest) 2000 Lahore page 449) SAHIL 13, First Floor, Al Babar Center F-8 Markaz, Islamabad, Pakistan Phone # 92-51-2260636, 2856590 [email protected]

Regional Office, Jaffarabad Regional Office, Sukkur Phone # 92-838-510912 Phone # 92-71-5633615 [email protected] [email protected]

Regional Office, Abbotabad Regional Office, Lahore Phone # 92-992-383880 Phone # 92-42-35165357 [email protected] [email protected]

Toll Free Line: 0800-13518 http:// www.sahil.org