Using French Vocabulary
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Using French Vocabulary This textbook provides a comprehensive and structured vocabulary for all levels of undergraduate French courses. It offers a broad coverage of the concrete and abstract vocabulary relating to the physical, cultural, social, commercial and political environment, as well as exposure to commonly encountered technical terminology. Within each section, words and phrases have been grouped into manageable, assimilable units and broadly `graded! into three levels according to likely usefulness and dif®culty. The accompanying exercises for private study and classroom use are designed to reinforce the work done on lists, to develop good dictionary use, to encourage independent and collaborative learning, to promote precision and awareness of nuance and register, and to offer the opportunity for the development of cognate transferable skills, such as communicative competence, teamwork and problem-solving. The division of the book into twenty thematic units allows it to be easily integrated into a modular course structure. Jean %uffy is Professor of French at the University of Shef®eld. Her book publications include Colette: Le Ble en herbe (*+8+), Michel Butor: La Modi®cation (*++0), Structuralism: Theory and Practice (*++2) and Reading between the Lines: Claude Simon and the Visual Arts (*++8). She is the author of numerous journal articles. Companion titles to Using !rench Vocabulary Using Spanish A Guide to Contemporary Usage R. E. Batchelor and C. J. Pountain [ISBN 0 52* 42123 3 hardback] [ISBN 0 52* 26987 3 paperback] Using !rench A Guide to Contemporary Usage, third edition R. E. Batchelor and M. H. Offord [ISBN 0 52* 64177 2 hardback] [ISBN 0 52* 64593 X paperback] Using German A Guide to Contemporary Usage Martin Durrell [ISBN 0 52* 42077 6 hardback] [ISBN 0 52* 31556 3 paperback] Using Russian A Guide to Contemporary Usage Derek Offord [ISBN 0 52* 45130 2 hardback] [ISBN 0 52* 45760 2 paperback] Using Spanish Synonyms R. E. Batchelor [ISBN 0 52* 44160 9 hardback] [ISBN 0 52* 44694 5 paperback] Using !rench Synonyms R. E. Batchelor and M. H. Offord [ISBN 0 52* 37277 * hardback] [ISBN 0 52* 37878 8 paperback] Using German Synonyms Martin Durrell [ISBN 0 52* 46552 4 hardback] [ISBN 0 52* 46954 6 paperback] Using Italian Synonyms Howard Moss and Vanna Motta [ISBN 0 52* 47506 6 hardback] [ISBN 0 52* 47573 2 paperback] !rench for Marketing Using French in Media and Communications R. E. Batchelor and M. Chebi-Saadi [ISBN 0 52* 58500 7 hardback] [ISBN 0 52* 58535 X paperback] Further titles in preparation Using French Vocabulary Using French Vocabulary JEAN H.%UFFY PUBLISHED BY CAMBRIDGE UNIVERSITY PRESS (VIRTUAL PUBLISHING) FOR AND ON BEHALF OF THE PRESS SYNDICATE OF THE UNIVERSITY OF CAMBRIDGE The Pitt Building, Trumpington Street, Cambridge CB2 IRP 40 West 20th Street, New York, NY 10011-4211, USA 477 Williamstown Road, Port Melbourne, VIC 3207, Australia http://www.cambridge.org © Jean H. Duffy 1999 This edition © Jean H. Duffy 2003 First published in printed format 1999 A catalogue record for the original printed book is available from the British Library and from the Library of Congress Original ISBN 0 521 57040 9 hardback Original ISBN 0 521 57851 5 paperback ISBN 0 511 02212 3 virtual (eBooks.com Edition) Contents Axknowledgements page ix &ntroduction Aims; structure and organisation; criteria of selection; * exercises; symbols; tips on dictionary use; tips on learning vocabulary; revision suggestions Unit ' Towns and buildings *6 Household Gardens Unit ( The physical world 36 The animal world Weather Unit ) The human body and health 57 The health service and medicine Unit 4 Physical appearance 7+ Gesture and movement Unit 5 Personality ++ Human behaviour Unit , Clothes and footwear *22 Food and drink Unit - Perception *45 Colour and light Materials and textures Unit . Shapes and patterns *63 Size and quantity Containers Unit / Visual and performing arts *85 Media and popular culture Unit '0 Literature and literary criticism 206 Speaking, reading and writing Unit '' Leisure and sport 224 Unit '( Tourism, travel and transport 243 Unit ') Family, birth, death and marriage 260 Religion vii viii List of contents Unit '4 Education and science 277 Unit '5 Agriculture and industry 2+5 Unit ', Business and commerce 3*5 Employment Unit '- The of®ce and computing 338 Post and telecommunications Unit '. Law and ®nance 357 Unit '/ Geography, history and war 382 Unit (0 Politics and international relations 406 Public services, social and environmental issues Answers to the exercises 42+ Acknowledgements I am grateful to all copyright holders for permission to reproduce the extracts used in this book. Every possible effort has been made to trace and acknowledge ownership of copyright; I apologise for any omissions and would welcome these being brought to my attention. I should like to express my warm thanks to FreÂdeÂrique %avid for her invaluable comments on the ®rst draft of the manuscript, Kate Brett for her constructive editorial advice and support and Sara Barnes for her conscientious copy-editing. I should also like to thank past and present students for their helpful feedback on sample materials. Finally, I am deeply indebted to Paul Marshall and Mary %uffy for their support, understanding and encouragement. ix Introduction Aims Using French Vocabulary is designed to provide students of French with a comprehensive and structured vocabulary book which can be used at all levels of undergraduate French programmes. To the dual or single honours student, it offers broad coverage of the concrete and abstract vocabulary relating to the physical, cultural, social, commercial and political environment, as well as exposure to commonly encountered technical terminology. While the principal target audience is the university or college student, many of the units could also be readily adapted to and integrated into `Language for Special Purposes' courses. Vocabulary acquisition is often a fraught issue for both teachers and learners of languages. No language teacher would dispute the importance of setting realistic and measurable learning objectives. However, while the many excellent language textbooks which have been published in recent years provide a wealth of authentic target language materials and co-ordinated exercises, the student's lexical exposure often remains limited to the vocabulary which `crops up' in the texts and recordings studied in class. Many students devote considerable time and effort to the compilation of vocabulary notebooks in order to supplement classwork and to ®ll gaps in their knowledge, but, by its nature, such supplementary work is very time-consuming and somewhat erratic in its outcomes. Furthermore, students are often disheartened not only by the sheer labour involved in vocabulary notation, but also by their uncertainty regarding what they are expected to know and what they can expect of themselves at a given stage in their university or college course. Much anxiety is generated by speculation regarding what is `likely to come up' in examinations and tests, and both teachers and students recognise that a single lexical gap can sabotage the comprehension and translation of an entire phrase or sentence. In recent years many attempts have been made to alleviate these problems by the writers and publishers of French textbooks. In the course of the last decade a substantial number of high quality general vocabulary books and specialised glossaries have been published.1 However, very few of these books provide reinforcement exercises and none of them attempts to de®ne learning goals for particular levels of competence or to grade lexical items according to usefulness, dif®culty and likely frequency of occurrence. Most standard vocabulary textbooks offer a single learning strategy: memorisation. 1 See bibliography 1 2 Introduction Although few would dispute the argument that rote-learning has a place in any subject requiring the acquisition of rules and the mastery of meanings and de®nitions, much of the effort expended will be wasted if the memorised items are not put into practice. While recognising that there is no substitute for total linguistic and cultural immersion in a francophone country, this book is distinguished from standard vocabulary books by its more methodical, graduated approach to vocabulary acquisition, by its provision of a varied menu of reinforcement and exploitation exercises and by its emphasis on proactive, self-instructional approaches to vocabulary expansion. The broad aims of the book can be summarised as follows: . to provide a textbook which can be used throughout the undergraduate degree course and which meets the needs of a modular programme . to provide a practical topic-based vocabulary which will constitute a sound basis for communication in a wide range of circumstances . to promote the self-instructional learning process . to facilitate the acquisition of vocabulary by the grading of word-lists according to the needs and levels of students . to provide exercises for private study and classroom use which will reinforce the work done on lists, develop good dictionary use, encourage independent and collaborative learning, promote precision and awareness of nuance and register and offer the opportunity for the development of cognate transferable skills such as communicative competence, teamwork and problem-solving. Structure and The organisation and ordering of word-lists have been determined by organisation the principal objectives of the book. The division