The Effect of Varying Unit Periods on Shape of Unit
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Livestock, Land Cover, and Environmental History: The
Livestock,Land Cover, and Environmental History: The Tablelandsof New SouthWales, Australia, 1820-1920 KarlW Butzer*and David M. Helgren** *DepartmentofGeography and the Environment, University ofTexas at Austin **DepartmentofGeography, SanJose State University Forsoutheastern Australia, arrival of the First Fleet in 1788raises similar issues in environmental history as the 1492landing of Columbus in the Americas. But Anglo-Australian settlement isyounger and better documented, bothin termsof scientific proxy data and historical sources, which include data on stockingrates that generally werelight. Environmental concerns were voiced early, and a livelydebate continues both among professionals andthe lay public, with Australian geographers playing a major academic and applied role. This article addresses environmentaldegradation often attributed to earlypastoralism (and implicit clearance) in theTablelands of NewSouth Wales. Methods include: (1) comparisonofwell-reported travel itineraries of1817-1833 with mod- ernland cover and streamchannels; (2) criticalreviews of high-resolutionpollen profiles and theissues of Aboriginalvs. Anglo-Australian fireecology; and (3) identificationofsoil erosion and gullying both before and afterAnglo-Australian intrusion. The results indicate that (a) landcover of the Tablelands islittle changed since priorto Contact,although some species are less common, while invasive genera of legumes have modified the groundcover; (b) thecharcoal trace in pollen profiles prior to Contact supports an ecologicalimpact -
New South Wales Victoria
!( Ardlethan Road R Cr Canola Way edbank eek k WANTIOOL ree !( B C y undi dra a dg in hw ° er Lake Street K ig ! ry H Bethungra C Junee-Illabo re !B M e ILLABO u k r r ee Jun Olympic Highway Underpass track slew umb idg R ee Roa iver d pic") Wade Street bridge modification ym Ol ILLABO O ld H! Man C COOLAMON Junee Station track slew re H! e !( k !H d H and clearance works a Junee H! o R Coolamon Road Kemp Street Bridge Junee Station Footbridge replacement removal G undagai d o o w l l Harefield track slew i R M and clearance works oad St JUNEE urt H! H N ig Wagga Station track slew a hw n a g y HAREFIELD u and clearance works s Wagga Station Footbridge Ro replacement Estella BOMEN ad !( H! k Edmondson Street e k re e C re Bridge replacement e C Bore g H!H!H! Bomen track slew n d !( H o oa H! b R r COOTAMUNDRA n Cassidy Footbridge eplacement e l Wagga l u !( -GUNDAGAI B rcutt -GUNDAGAI rt Forest Hill Ta a kha Wagga Cree Loc k Uranquinty REGIONAL Road ullie !(H Pearson Street Bridge lling URANQUINTY tCo r t l S ha The Rock track slew rack owering !( n ck Ladysmith o Lo and w Green Street clearance works y ad Ro ad rt o ha R M ck ou Lo n Urana ta !( Uranquinty track slew ins H! K and clearance works y e High The Rock a w m a y THE ROCK k b o a o r C r b e l o e k H k e e r Ye C rong C re WAGGA n d e WAGGA k e a v o a Y U R ra H! WAGGA n LOCKHART n e g Yerong Creek YERONG v e a lin Y e track slew CREEK C ree k New South Wales Henty track slew T and clearance works u m b g a ru n m o H!!( w b y Henty a K - g n o l w HENTY o W H a g Ro ad g -
Gemstones and Geosciences in Space and Time Digital Maps to the “Chessboard Classification Scheme of Mineral Deposits”
Earth-Science Reviews 127 (2013) 262–299 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Earth-Science Reviews journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/earscirev Gemstones and geosciences in space and time Digital maps to the “Chessboard classification scheme of mineral deposits” Harald G. Dill a,b,⁎,BertholdWeberc,1 a Federal Institute for Geosciences and Natural Resources, P.O. Box 510163, D-30631 Hannover, Germany b Institute of Geosciences — Gem-Materials Research and Economic Geology, Johannes-Gutenberg-University, Becherweg 21, D-55099 Mainz, Germany c Bürgermeister-Knorr Str. 8, D-92637 Weiden i.d.OPf., Germany article info abstract Article history: The gemstones, covering the spectrum from jeweler's to showcase quality, have been presented in a tripartite Received 27 April 2012 subdivision, by country, geology and geomorphology realized in 99 digital maps with more than 2600 mineral- Accepted 16 July 2013 ized sites. The various maps were designed based on the “Chessboard classification scheme of mineral deposits” Available online 25 July 2013 proposed by Dill (2010a, 2010b) to reveal the interrelations between gemstone deposits and mineral deposits of other commodities and direct our thoughts to potential new target areas for exploration. A number of 33 categories Keywords: were used for these digital maps: chromium, nickel, titanium, iron, manganese, copper, tin–tungsten, beryllium, Gemstones fl Country lithium, zinc, calcium, boron, uorine, strontium, phosphorus, zirconium, silica, feldspar, feldspathoids, zeolite, Geology amphibole (tiger's eye), olivine, pyroxenoid, garnet, epidote, sillimanite–andalusite, corundum–spinel−diaspore, Geomorphology diamond, vermiculite–pagodite, prehnite, sepiolite, jet, and amber. Besides the political base map (gems Digital maps by country) the mineral deposit is drawn on a geological map, illustrating the main lithologies, stratigraphic Chessboard classification scheme units and tectonic structure to unravel the evolution of primary gemstone deposits in time and space. -
Annual Operations Plan Murrumbidgee Valley 2019-20 Acronym Definition
Annual Operations Plan Murrumbidgee Valley 2019-20 Acronym Definition Available Water Contents AWD Determination Introduction 2 BLR Basic Landholder Rights The Murrumbidgee River System 2 Regulated and unregulated system flow trends 3 BoM Bureau of Meteorology Rainfall trends 3 CWAP Critical Water Advisory Panel Inflows to dam 4 Critical Water Technical Water users in the valley 4 CWTAG Advisory Group Water availability 7 Department of Primary Current drought conditions 9 DPI CDI Industries - Combined Blowering Dam storage 10 Drought Indicator Burrinjuck Dam storage 10 Department of Planning, Inter valley transfer 11 Industry and Environment - DPIE EES Operational surplus 12 Environment, Energy & Science Transmission losses 12 Resource assessment 15 DPI Department of Primary End of System flow targets 17 Fisheries Industries - Fisheries Department of Planning, Water resource forecast 18 DPIE Industry and Environment - Water Murrumbidgee catchment - past 24 month rainfall 18 Water Blowering Dam - past 24 month inflows/statistical inflows 19 FSL Full Supply Level Burrinjuck Dam - past 24 month inflows/statistical inflows 19 Weather forecast - 3 month BoM forecast 20 HS High Security Murrumbidgee storage forecast 20 IRG Incident Response Guide Annual operations 22 Infrastructure State ISEPP Environmental Planning Operational rules 22 Policy Deliverability 24 Overall scenario assumptions 24 LGA Local Government Areas River Operations Stakeholder ROSCCo Critical dates 25 Consultation Committee S&D Stock & Domestic Potential projects 26 Valley Technical Advisory vTAG Group Introduction The annual operations plan provides an outlook for the coming year in the Murrumbidgee Valley and considers the current volume of water in storages and weather forecasts. This plan may be updated as a result of significant changes to the water supply situation. -
Hume Highway Upgrade Tarcutta Bypass Environmental Assessment Technical Paper 3 Non-Aboriginal Heritage August 2009
Hume Highway Upgrade Tarcutta bypass Environmental Assessment Technical Paper 3 Non-Aboriginal Heritage August 2009 Historic Heritage Assessment Technical Study – Environmental Assessment Tarcutta Town Bypass Report Prepared for Parsons Brinckerhoff (Australia) Pty Ltd 2009 Final Report Copyright in the drawings, information and data recorded in this document (the information) is the property of Heritage Concepts Pty Ltd. This document and the information are solely for the use of the authorised recipient and this document may not be used, copied or reproduced in whole or part for any purpose other than that for which it was supplied by Heritage Concepts Pty Ltd. Heritage Concepts Pty Ltd makes no representation, undertakes no duty and accepts no responsibility to any third party who may use or rely upon this document or the information. Please note that this report has been substantially restructured in order to reflect the identification of non- Aboriginal heritage as a key issue under the Director-General’s guidelines. Restructuring and authorship of new and amended sections reflects significant input from RTA Environment Branch specialist staff. Report Revision: Final Report Author(s): Lori Sciusco, Dr Susan Lampard, Cornelia de Rochefort, Darran Jordan, Peter Howard, Meg Withers, and Geordie Oakes. Reviewer: Lori Sciusco Signed: Approved by: Charles Parkinson Signed: Date: 2009 Distribution: Mary Diab PB Neville Moran PB Executive Summary Background Heritage Concepts Pty Ltd has been commissioned by Parsons Brinckerhoff (Australia) Pty Ltd on behalf of the NSW Roads and Traffic Authority (RTA) to assess the historic (non Aboriginal) heritage value of Tarcutta as part of the Environmental Assessment (EA) phase of the Hume Highway town bypass project. -
Portenga, Eric W. (2015) Assessment of Human Land Use, Erosion, and Sediment Deposition in the Southeastern Australian Tablelands
Portenga, Eric W. (2015) Assessment of human land use, erosion, and sediment deposition in the Southeastern Australian Tablelands. PhD thesis. https://theses.gla.ac.uk/6319/ Copyright and moral rights for this work are retained by the author A copy can be downloaded for personal non-commercial research or study, without prior permission or charge This work cannot be reproduced or quoted extensively from without first obtaining permission in writing from the author The content must not be changed in any way or sold commercially in any format or medium without the formal permission of the author When referring to this work, full bibliographic details including the author, title, awarding institution and date of the thesis must be given Enlighten: Theses https://theses.gla.ac.uk/ [email protected] ASSESSMENTS OF HUMAN LAND USE, EROSION, AND SEDIMENT DEPOSITION IN THE SOUTHEASTERN AUSTRALIAN TABLELANDS Eric W. Portenga University of Vermont, MS University of Michigan, BS Submitted in fulfilment of the requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy School of Geographical and Earth Sciences College of Science and Engineering University of Glasgow & Department of Environmental Sciences Faculty of Science and Engineering Macquarie University February, 2015 ABSTRACT Humans have interacted with their surroundings for over one million years, and researchers have only recently been able to assess the geomorphic impacts indigenous peoples had on their landscapes prior to the onset of European colonialism. The history of human occupation of Australia is noteworthy in that Aboriginal Australians arrived ~50 ka and remained relatively isolated from the rest of the world until the AD 1788 when Europeans established a permanent settlement in Sydney, New South Wales. -
Environmental Water Delivery: Murrumbidgee Valley
ENVIRONMENTAL WATER DELIVERY Murrumbidgee Valley JANUARY 2012 V1.0 Image Credits Telephone Bank Wetlands © DSEWPaC, Photographer: Simon Banks River red gums, Yanga National Park © DSEWPaC, Photographer: Dragi Markovic Sinclair Knight Merz (2011). Environmental Water Delivery: Murrumbidgee Valley. Prepared for Commonwealth Environmental Water, Department of Sustainability, Environment, Water, Population and Communities, Canberra. ISBN: 978-1-921733-28-4 Commonwealth Environmental Water acknowledges the following organisations and individuals who have been consulted in the preparation of this document: Murray-Darling Basin Authority Ben Gawne (Murray-Darling Freshwater Research Centre) Garry Smith (DG Consulting) Daren Barma (Barma Water Resources) Jim Parrett (Rural and Environmental Services) Karen McCann (Murrumbidgee Irrigation) Rob Kelly Chris Smith James Maguire (NSW Office of Environment and Heritage) Andrew Petroeschevsky (NSW Dept. Primary Industries) Lorraine Hardwick (NSW Office of Water) Adam McLean (State Water Corporation) Eddy Taylor (State Water Corporation) Arun Tiwari (Coleambally Irrigation Cooperative Limited) Austen Evans (Coleambally Irrigation Cooperative Limited) Published by Commonwealth Environmental Water for the Australian Government. © Commonwealth of Australia 2011. This work is copyright. Apart from any use as permitted under the Copyright Act 1968, no part may be reproduced by any process without prior written permission from the Commonwealth. Requests and enquiries concerning reproduction and rights should -
Salinity Predictions for NSW Rivers Within the Murray-Darling Basin
Salinity predictions for NSW rivers within the Murray-Darling Basin G.T.H. Beale R. Beecham K. Harris D. O'Neill H. Schroo N.K. Tuteja R.M. Williams Acknowledgements The following have contributed to this report, as authors and/or by providing analytical and mapping inputs: G. Beale, R. Beecham, S. Bish, J. Bradd, R. Cooke, R. Crawford, J. Dwyer, S. Grant, K. Harris, F. Harvey, S. Keane, D. O’Neill, S. Rish, E. Roberts, H. Schroo, G. Summerell, B. Turner, N. Tuteja, M. Williams and D. Woolley. Published by: Centre for Natural Resources NSW Department of Land and Water Conservation 10 Valentine Av, Parramatta NSW 2150 January 2000 © NSW Government ISBN 0 7347 51117 CNR99.048 ii TABLE OF CONTENTS Summary................................................................................................................................................. I 1 INTRODUCTION........................................................................................................................................1 1.1 BACKGROUND ............................................................................................................................................1 1.2 PROJECT OUTLINE ......................................................................................................................................3 2 DATA AVAILABILITY ..............................................................................................................................6 2.1 HYDROGEOLOGY DATA ..............................................................................................................................6 -
Aquatic Habitats
Hume Highway Upgrade Tarcutta bypass Environmental assessment Box-Gum Woodland habitat in the assessment area generally occurs as remnant stands of moderate to highly disturbed vegetation. Given the role of remnant vegetation in providing connectivity within the surrounding cleared landscape, Box-Gum Woodland in the assessment area is considered as having moderate value to fauna species. This habitat provides a variety of tree hollows and dead trees suitable for nesting opportunities by open country and generalist species of bird, nesting dens for arboreal mammals (including the threatened Squirrel Glider; see Table 9-5) and roosting habitat. The effects of grazing are evident in this habitat, with only the upper canopy remaining in many communities. Shrub layers and leaf litter were largely absent. Box-Gum Woodland at the southern end of the project (particularly in the travelling stock reserve) is considered to be good condition fauna habitat. This area contains numerous hollow-bearing trees, a native shrub layer, native grasses and a good covering of leaf litter and fallen debris. This vegetation is part of a large patch of relatively undisturbed remnant Box- Gum Woodland that extends beyond the assessment area. Riparian Woodland habitat along Tarcutta Creek contains a range of age classes of Eucalyptus species with patches of eucalypt regrowth within the creek channel. A dense eucalypt subcanopy with patches of exotic plants is present. This habitat provides habitat resources for common amphibian and bird species. Farm dams within the assessment area do not contain riparian vegetation. They do, however, provide water resources for birds and mammals. Grazed pasture land comprises the majority of the habitats surrounding the assessment area. -
Background Document for Amended Plan 2016
Water Sharing Plan for the Murrumbidgee Unregulated and Alluvial Water Sources Background document for amended plan 2016 Published by the NSW Department of Primary Industries, Water Water Sharing Plan for the Murrumbidgee River Unregulated and Alluvial Water Sources - Background document for amended plan 2016 First published in June 2012 Updated in July 2016 to incorporate amendments to the plan following inclusion of the Adelong, Cotter, Tarcutta and Upper Billabong Water Sources More information www.water.nsw.gov.au © State of New South Wales through the Department of Trade and Investment, Regional Infrastructure and Services, 2016. You may copy, distribute and otherwise freely deal with this publication for any purpose, provided that you attribute the NSW Department of Primary Industries as the owner. Disclaimer: The information contained in this publication is based on knowledge and understanding at the time of writing (June 2016). However, because of advances in knowledge, users are reminded of the need to ensure that information upon which they rely is up to date and to check currency of the information with the appropriate officer of the Department of Primary Industries or the user’s independent adviser. Water Sharing Plan for the Tuross River Unregulated and Alluvial Water Sources – Background Document 2016 Contents Introduction ............................................................................................................................... 6 Water sharing in NSW ...................................................................................................... -
NSW IRRIGATORS' COUNCIL FACT SHEET Murrumbidgee Valley
Tel: 02 9251 8466 NSW IRRIGATORS’ COUNCIL Fax: 02 9251 8477 [email protected] FACT SHEET www.nswirrigators.org.au Murrumbidgee Valley The Murrumbidgee Valley, in southern NSW, stretches from Cooma in the east to Balranald in the west, north to Temora and south to Henty. The Murrumbidgee catchment is highly diverse, with the Alpine areas of Kosciuszko National Park and the Monaro plains, the grazing and grain belts of the south west slopes and plains and the shrublands and grasslands of the semi-arid western Riverina. Productivity of the Murrumbidgee Catchment (2000) Irrigated agriculture in the Murrumbidgee 1 Agriculture in the valley is as diverse as the landscape. produces : • 25% of NSW total fruit and vegetables Irrigation is concentrated, but not isolated to the areas of • 90% of NSW potatoes Murrumbidgee and Coleambally Irrigation Corporations. • 80% of NSW carrots The Murrumbidgee is the major rice growing valley in Australia and is renowned for it’s horticultural produce • 42% of NSW grapes • 50% of Australia’s rice and wines. Irrigated agriculture covers just 4% of the area of the catchment but contributes 41.2% of the total The total value of irrigated production in the Catchment is in the order of1: production. Across the valley, agriculture is the second largest employer after retail, providing jobs for nearly • $200 million for rice • $150 million for fruit 12% of the working population. • $80 million for grapes • $60 million for vegetables • $10 million for dairy The Murrumbidgee at a glance The “farm-gate” value of irrigated production in the Major Streams: Tumut River, Yass Catchment is in the order of2: River, Tarcutta Creek, Adelong Creek, • $98 million for rice Murrumbidgee and Goobarragandra River • $190 million for horticultural and other Major Aquifers: Lower Murrumbidgee crops • Catchment Size = 84,000 sq km • $20 million for livestock products 1 • River length = 1600km Murrumbidgee Catchment Management Board 2 Murrumbidgee Regulated River Draft Water Sharing Plan, • Catchment Population = 520 000 (including 2002. -
Government Gazette
7089 Government Gazette OF THE STATE OF NEW SOUTH WALES Number 122 Friday, 9 December 2011 Published under authority by Government Advertising LEGISLATION Online notification of the making of statutory instruments Week beginning 28 November 2011 THE following instruments were officially notified on the NSW legislation website ( www.legislation.nsw.gov.au) on the dates indicated: Proclamations commencing Acts Technical and Further Education Commission Amendment (Staff Employment) Act 2011 No 53 (2011-605) — published LW 1 December 2011 Regulations and other statutory instruments Crimes (Sentencing Procedure) Amendment (Certificates) Regulation 2011 (2011-607) — published LW 2 December 2011 District Court Amendment (Summary Criminal Proceedings) Rule 2011 (2011-608) — published LW 2 December 2011 Environmental Planning and Assessment Further Amendment (Part 3A Repeal) Regulation 2011 (2011-606) — published LW 1 December 2011 Institute of Teachers Amendment (Quality Teaching Council) Regulation 2011 (2011-609) — published LW 2 December 2011 Mental Health Amendment (Interstate Agreements) Regulation 2011 (2011-610) — published LW 2 December 2011 Ports and Maritime Administration Amendment (Maritime Advisory Council) Regulation 2011 (2011-611) — published LW 2 December 2011 Road Amendment (Garbage Truck Driver Exemption) Rules 2011 (2011-612) — published LW 2 December 2011 Road Transport (General) Amendment (Certification of Vehicles) Regulation 2011 (2011-613) — published LW 2 December 2011 Road Transport (Vehicle Registration) Amendment