German Reference Grammar
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University of Cincinnati
UNIVERSITY OF CINCINNATI Date: August 6th, 2007 I, __________________Julia K. Baker,__________ _____ hereby submit this work as part of the requirements for the degree of: Doctorate of Philosophy in: German Studies It is entitled: The Return of the Child Exile: Re-enactment of Childhood Trauma in Jewish Life-Writing and Documentary Film This work and its defense approved by: Chair: Dr. Katharina Gerstenberger Dr. Sara Friedrichsmeyer Dr. Todd Herzog The Return of the Child Exile: Re-enactment of Childhood Trauma in Jewish Life-Writing and Documentary Film A Dissertation submitted to the Division of Research and Advanced Studies University of Cincinnati In partial fulfillment of the Requirements for the degree of DOCTORATE OF PHILOSOPHY (Ph.D.) In the Department of German Studies Of the College of Arts and Sciences 2007 by Julia K. Baker M.A., Bowling Green State University, 2000 M.A., Karl Franzens University, Graz, Austria, 1998 Committee Chair: Katharina Gerstenberger ABSTRACT “The Return of the Child Exile: Re-enactment of Childhood Trauma in Jewish Life- Writing and Documentary Film” is a study of the literary responses of writers who were Jewish children in hiding and exile during World War II and of documentary films on the topic of refugee children and children in exile. The goal of this dissertation is to investigate the relationships between trauma, memory, fantasy and narrative in a close reading/viewing of different forms of Jewish life-writing and documentary film by means of a scientifically informed approach to childhood trauma. Chapter 1 discusses the reception of Binjamin Wilkomirski’s Fragments (1994), which was hailed as a paradigmatic traumatic narrative written by a child survivor before it was discovered to be a fictional text based on the author’s invented Jewish life-story. -
Intermediate German: a Grammar and Workbook / by 2 Anna Miell & Heiner Schenke 3 P
111 INTERMEDIATE GERMAN: 2 3 A GRAMMAR AND WORKBOOK 4 5 6 7 8 9 1011 1 2 13 4111 5 Intermediate German is designed for learners who have achieved basic 6 proficiency and wish to progress to more complex language. Its 24 units 7 present a broad range of grammatical topics, illustrated by examples which 8 serve as models for varied exercises that follow. These exercises enable 9 the student to master the relevant grammar points. 2011 1 Features include: 2 3 • authentic German, from a range of media, used throughout the book to 4 reflect German culture, life and society 5 6 • illustrations of grammar points in English as well as German 7 • checklists at the end of each unit for consolidation 8 9 • cross-referencing to other grammar units in the book 3011 • glossary of grammatical terminology 1 2 • full answer key to all exercises 3 4 Suitable for independent learners and students on taught courses, 5 Intermediate German, together with its sister volume, Basic German, forms 6 a structured course in the essentials of German. 7 8 Anna Miell is University Lecturer in German at the University of Westminster 9 and at Trinity College of Music in Greenwich and works as a language 4011 consultant in London. Heiner Schenke is Senior Lecturer of German at the 1 University of Westminster and has published a number of language books. 2 3 41111 111 Other titles available in the Grammar Workbook series are: 2 3 Basic Cantonese 4 Intermediate Cantonese 5 Basic German 6 7 Basic Italian 8111 Basic Polish 9 Intermediate Polish 1011 1 Basic Russian 2 Intermediate -
The Assignment of Grammatical Gender in German: Testing Optimal Gender Assignment Theory
The Assignment of Grammatical Gender in German: Testing Optimal Gender Assignment Theory Emma Charlotte Corteen Trinity Hall September 2018 This dissertation is submitted for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy The Assignment of Grammatical Gender in German: Testing Optimal Gender Assignment Theory Emma Charlotte Corteen Abstract The assignment of grammatical gender in German is a notoriously problematic phenomenon due to the apparent opacity of the gender assignment system (e.g. Comrie 1999: 461). Various models of German gender assignment have been proposed (e.g. Spitz 1965, Köpcke 1982, Corbett 1991, Wegener 1995), but none of these is able to account for all of the German data. This thesis investigates a relatively under-explored, recent approach to German gender assignment in the form of Optimal Gender Assignment Theory (OGAT), proposed by Rice (2006). Using the framework of Optimality Theory, OGAT claims that the form and meaning of a noun are of equal importance with respect to its gender. This is formally represented by the crucial equal ranking of all gender assignment constraints in a block of GENDER FEATURES, which is in turn ranked above a default markedness hierarchy *NEUTER » *FEMININE » *MASCULINE, which is based on category size. A key weakness of OGAT is that it does not specify what constitutes a valid GENDER FEATURES constraint. This means that, in theory, any constraint can be proposed ad hoc to ensure that an OGAT analysis yields the correct result. In order to prevent any constraints based on ‘postfactum rationalisations’ (Comrie 1999: 461) from being included in the investigation, the GENDER FEATURES constraints which have been proposed in the literature for German are assessed according to six criteria suggested by Enger (2009), which seek to determine whether there is independent evidence for a GENDER FEATURES constraint. -
Barbara Hammer, 70 Years Old, Hands the Camera to Gina Carducci, a Young Queer Film- Maker
Generations is a film about mentoring and passing on the tradi- tion of personal experimental filmmaking. Barbara Hammer, 70 years old, hands the camera to Gina Carducci, a young queer film- maker. Shooting during the last days of Astroland at Coney Is- land, New York, the filmmakers find that the inevitable fact of ageing echoes in the architecture of the amusement park and in the emulsion of the film medium itself. Editing completely sep- arately both picture and sound, the filmmakers join their films in the middle when they’ve finished, making a true generational and experimental experiment. In a time when digital dominates the art domain, a DIY aesthet- ic is embraced by Gina Carducci, a young thirty-year-old filmmak- er who hand processes 16mm film and a seventy-year-old pioneer of queer experimental cinema, Barbara Hammer. Hammer invites Carducci to collaborate on a new film, Generations. Barbara Hammer Celebrating Hammer’s spontaneous shooting style and dense ed- Maya Deren’s Sink iting montage with Carducci’s studied cinematography, the two filmmakers, generations apart in age, shoot the last days of Astro- land in Coney Island, New York. The aged but vibrant amusement Eine Hommage an die Mutter des amerikanischen Avantgarde- park, characteristic of the 70-year-old Hammer, is a fitting envi- films. Der Film beschwört durch Gespräche mit WeggefährtInnen ronment for the photoplay of the two Bolex filmmakers. und ZeitgenossInnen den Geist einer überlebensgroßen Person. Teiji Itos Familie, Carolee Schneemann und Judith Malvina schwe- Inspired by the revolutionary Shirley Clarke film,Bridges Go ben durch Derens Wohnorte und erinnern sich an kleinste Details Round (1953), where Clarke printed the same footage twice us- der architektonischen und persönlichen Innenräume. -
L1 ENGLISH L2 GERMAN LEARNERS‟ GRAMMATICALITY JUDGMENTS and KNOWLEDGE of DEMONSTRATIVE PRONOUNS by Daniel Robert Walter a THES
L1 ENGLISH L2 GERMAN LEARNERS‟ GRAMMATICALITY JUDGMENTS AND KNOWLEDGE OF DEMONSTRATIVE PRONOUNS By Daniel Robert Walter A THESIS Submitted to Michigan State University in partial fulfillment of the requirement for the degree of MASTER OF ARTS German Studies 2011 ABSTRACT L1 ENGLISH L2 GERMAN LEARNERS‟ GRAMMATICALITY JUDGMENTS AND KNOWLEDGE OF DEMONSTRATIVE PRONOUNS By Daniel Robert Walter Second language learners are often faced with difficult decisions while interpreting language. One specific difficulty of discourse is dealing with ambiguity, which is often made more challenging by the fact that second language learners‟ native language processes may carry over into their second language processes. Some learners may not have received any explicit instruction on how to deal with ambiguity and must rely on internal processing by their interlanguage to make a guess as to what the speaker means. This thesis explores the acquisition of German demonstrative pronouns by second language learners of German whose native language is English. Unlike German, which allows for both personal pronoun usage (er, sie, es etc.) and demonstrative pronoun usage (der, die, das etc.) to refer back to antecedents, English only allows personal pronouns. Thus English native speakers tend to rely on syntactic structure to resolve ambiguous pronoun usage, while German speakers can differentiate antecedents through the use of demonstrative and personal pronouns. Demonstrative pronouns in German typically encode for object pronoun reference, while English does not have an equivalent form. In order to determine how L1 English learners of German deal with this incongruity between English and German pronoun resolution, learners of German in advanced German classes were tested via a grammaticality judgment test to see whether they were able to successfully identify demonstrative pronouns in German as grammatical or if they interpreted the demonstrative to be an error. -
The Term Declension, the Three Basic Qualities of Latin Nouns, That
Chapter 2: First Declension Chapter 2 covers the following: the term declension, the three basic qualities of Latin nouns, that is, case, number and gender, basic sentence structure, subject, verb, direct object and so on, the six cases of Latin nouns and the uses of those cases, the formation of the different cases in Latin, and the way adjectives agree with nouns. At the end of this lesson we’ll review the vocabulary you should memorize in this chapter. Declension. As with conjugation, the term declension has two meanings in Latin. It means, first, the process of joining a case ending onto a noun base. Second, it is a term used to refer to one of the five categories of nouns distinguished by the sound ending the noun base: /a/, /ŏ/ or /ŭ/, a consonant or /ĭ/, /ū/, /ē/. First, let’s look at the three basic characteristics of every Latin noun: case, number and gender. All Latin nouns and adjectives have these three grammatical qualities. First, case: how the noun functions in a sentence, that is, is it the subject, the direct object, the object of a preposition or any of many other uses? Second, number: singular or plural. And third, gender: masculine, feminine or neuter. Every noun in Latin will have one case, one number and one gender, and only one of each of these qualities. In other words, a noun in a sentence cannot be both singular and plural, or masculine and feminine. Whenever asked ─ and I will ask ─ you should be able to give the correct answer for all three qualities. -
Rules and Exercises: German Textbooks for Teaching and Learning English Around 1800 87
Anglistentag 1993 Eichstätt Proceedings edited by Günther Blaicher and Brigitte Glaser MAX NIEMEYER VERLAG TÜBINGEN 1994 Die Deutsche Bibliothek - CIP-Einheitsaufnahme Anglistentag <1993, Eichstätts Proceedings / Anglistentag 1993 Eichstätt / ed. by Günther Blaicher and Brigitte Glaser. - Tübingen : Niemeyer, 1994 (Proceedings of the conference of the German Association of University Teachers of English; Vol. 15) NE: Blaicher, Günther [Hrsg.]; Anglistentag: Proceedings of the ... ISBN 3-484-40128-1 © Max Niemeyer Verlag GmbH & Co. KG, Tübingen 1994 Das Werk einschließlich aller seiner Teile ist urheberrechtlich geschützt. Jede Verwertung außerhalb der engen Grenzen des Urheberrechtsgesetzes ist ohne Zustimmung des Verlages unzulässig und strafbar. Das gilt insbesondere für Vervielfältigungen, Übersetzungen, Mikroverfilmungen und die Einspeicherung und Verarbeitung in elektronischen Systemen. Printed in Germany. Gedruckt auf alterungsbeständigem Papier. Druck und Einband: Weihert-Druck GmbH, Darmstadt Proceedings of the Conference of the German Association of University Teachers of English Volume XV CONTENTS SECTION 1: THE HISTORY OF LINGUISTIC IDEAS Werner Hüllen: Introduction 17 R. H. Robins: William Bullokar's Bref Grammar for English: Text and Context (Plenary Lecture) 19 Werner Hüllen: A Great Chain of Words: The Onomasiological Tradition in English Lexicography 32 Michael Cahn: The Printing Press as an Agent in the History of Linguistic Ideas? 47 David Cram: Collection and Classification: Universal Language Schemes and the Development -
The German Teacher's Companion. Development and Structure of the German Language
DOCUMENT RESUME ED 285 407 FL 016 887 AUTHOR Hosford, Helga TITLE The German Teacher's Companion. Development and Structure of the German Language. Workbook and Key. PUB DATE 82 NOTE 640p. PUB TYPE Guides - Classroom Use - Guides (For Teachers) (052) -- Reference Materials General (130) EDRS PRICE MF03/PC26 Plus Postage. DESCRIPTORS Comparative Analysis; Contrastive Linguistics; Diachronic Linguistics; English; *German; *Grammar; Language Teachers; Morphology (Languages); *Phonology; Reference Materials; Second Language Instruction; *Syntax; Teacher Elucation; Teaching Guides; Textbooks; Workbooks ABSTRACT This complete pedagogical reference grammar for German was designed as a textbook for advanced language teacher preparation, as a reference handbook on the structure of the German language, and for reference in German study. It systematically analyzes a d describes the language's phonology, morphology, and syntax, and gives a brief survey of its origins and development. German and English structures are also compared and contrasted to allow understanding of areas of similarity or difficulty. The analysis focuses on insights useful to the teacher rather than stressing linguistic theory. The materials include a main text/reference and a separate volume containing a workbook and key. The workbook contains exercises directly related to the text. (MSE) *********************************************************************** * Reproductions supplied by EDRS are the best that can be made * * from the original document. * *********************************************************************** THE GERMAN TEACHER'S COMPANION Development and Structure of the German Language Helga Hosford University of Montana NEWBURY HOUSE PUBLISHERS, INC. ROWLEY, MASSACHUSETTS 01969 ROWLEY LONDON TOKYO 1 9 8 2 3 Library of Congress Cataloging in Publication Data Hosford, Helga, 1937 - The German teacher's companion Bibliography p Includes index. -
Introduction to Gothic
Introduction to Gothic By David Salo Organized to PDF by CommanderK Table of Contents 3..........................................................................................................INTRODUCTION 4...........................................................................................................I. Masculine 4...........................................................................................................II. Feminine 4..............................................................................................................III. Neuter 7........................................................................................................GOTHIC SOUNDS: 7............................................................................................................Consonants 8..................................................................................................................Vowels 9....................................................................................................................LESSON 1 9.................................................................................................Verbs: Strong verbs 9..........................................................................................................Present Stem 12.................................................................................................................Nouns 14...................................................................................................................LESSON 2 14...........................................................................................Strong -
On German Verb Syntax Under Age 2
University of Pennsylvania ScholarlyCommons IRCS Technical Reports Series Institute for Research in Cognitive Science December 1994 On German Verb Syntax under Age 2 Bernhard Rohrbacher University of Pennsylvania Anne Vainikka University of Pennsylvania Follow this and additional works at: https://repository.upenn.edu/ircs_reports Rohrbacher, Bernhard and Vainikka, Anne, "On German Verb Syntax under Age 2" (1994). IRCS Technical Reports Series. 170. https://repository.upenn.edu/ircs_reports/170 University of Pennsylvania Institute for Research in Cognitive Science Technical Report No. IRCS-94-24. This paper is posted at ScholarlyCommons. https://repository.upenn.edu/ircs_reports/170 For more information, please contact [email protected]. On German Verb Syntax under Age 2 Abstract Previous research on early child German suggests that verb placement is mastered early on, at least around the age of two; this finding has provided support for the idea that the full syntactic tree is present from the earliest stage of syntactic development. We show that two German children around a year and a half of age already exhibit a clear distinction between finite and non-finite utterances in terms of verb placement and the distribution of empty subjects. Although their verbal paradigms are impoverished, these children clearly already have an inflectional projection (IP) in finite clauses. However, we argue against the idea that a full syntactic tree is available at this point; rather, the data support a reduced representation without a complementizer projection (CP). Furthermore, non-finite matrix clauses, common at this early stage, lack even the inflectional projection. Comments University of Pennsylvania Institute for Research in Cognitive Science Technical Report No. -
Separable Verbs in a Reusable Morphological Dictionary for German
Separable Verbs in a Reusable Morphological Dictionary for German Pius ten Hacken I & Stephan Bopp 2 l lnstitut far Informatik/ASW 2Lexicologie, Faculteit der Letteren Universit~it Basel, Petersgraben 51 Vrije Universiteit, De Boelelaan 1105 CH-4051 Basel (Switzerhmd) NL- 1081 HV Amsterdam (Netherlands) email: [email protected] emaih [email protected] Abstract Separable verbs are verbs with prefixes which, depending on the syntactic context, can occur as one word written together or discontinuously. They occur in languages such as German and Dutch and constitute a problem tbr NLP because they are lexemes whose lbrms cannot always be recognized by dictionary lookup on the basis of a text word. Conventional solutions take a mixed lexical and syntactic approach. In this paper, we propose the solution offered by Word Manager, consisting of string-based recognition by means of rules of types also required for periphrastic inflection and clitics. In this way, separable verbs are dealt with as part of the dolnain of reusable lexical resources. We show how this solution compares favourably with conventional approaches. 1. The Problem (2) a. Claudia auihOrtjctzt. In German there exists a large class of verbs b. Daniel versucht zu aulh6ren. which behave like aufhOren ('stop'), The problem arises in a very similar fashion illustrated in (1). in Dutch, as the Dutch translations (3) of the (1) a. Anna glaubt, dass Bernard aufhSrt. sentences in (1) show. The only difference is ('Anna believes that Bernard stops') that the infinitive in (3c) is not written b. Claudia h6rt jetzt auf. together. ('Claudia stops now PRY') (3) a. -
German and English Noun Phrases
RICE UNIVERSITY German and English Noun Phrases: A Transformational-Contrastive Approach Ward Keith Barrows A THESIS SUBMITTED IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF 3 1272 00675 0689 Master of Arts Thesis Directors signature: / Houston, Texas April, 1971 Abstract: German and English Noun Phrases: A Transformational-Contrastive Approach, by Ward Keith Barrows The paper presents a contrastive approach to German and English based on the theory of transformational grammar. In the first chapter, contrastive analysis is discussed in the context of foreign language teaching. It is indicated that contrastive analysis in pedagogy is directed toward the identification of sources of interference for students of foreign languages. It is also pointed out that some differences between two languages will prove more troublesome to the student than others. The second chapter presents transformational grammar as a theory of language. Basic assumptions and concepts are discussed, among them the central dichotomy of competence vs performance. Chapter three then present the structure of a grammar written in accordance with these assumptions and concepts. The universal base hypothesis is presented and adopted. An innovation is made in the componential structire of a transformational grammar: a lexical component is created, whereas the lexicon has previously been considered as part of the base. Chapter four presents an illustration of how transformational grammars may be used contrastively. After a base is presented for English and German, lexical components and some transformational rules are contrasted. The final chapter returns to contrastive analysis, but discusses it this time from the point of view of linguistic typology in general.