Kerala Facts

Detailed Explanation

 Major Forts in Kerala  Manuel Fort (Pallippuram or Ayi) or Emmanuel Fort – Kochi – Portuguese (1503 )  St.Angello Fort – Kannur – Portuguese (Almeda )-( 1505 )  Bakel Fort – Kasargod – Shivappa Nikar –largest Fort in Kerala (1650 )  Palakkad Fort – Palakkad- Hyder Ali (1766 )  Kottappuram Fort or Cranganore Fort or Kodungalloor Fort – Thrissur – Portuguese (1523)  Vattaikottai – Kanyakumari – Marthanda Varma- 18th century  Chandragiri Fort- Kasargod – Shivappa Naikar – 17th century  Hosdurg Fort – Kasargode (Kanhangad ) – Somasekhara Naikar  Chaliyam Fort- Vettathu Nadu(Kozhikode)- Portuguese (1531)  Nedum Fort – Thrissur – Karthika Thirunal Ramavarma (1764 )  Anjuthengu Fort- Anjuthengu (Thiruvanathapuram) – British (1695 )  Thalassery Fort – Kannur – British (1703 )  Fort Thomas – Tangasseri (Kollam )- Portuguese (1518)  Chettuva Fort or William Fort – Thrissur – Portuguese ( 1714)

2.  Brahmananda Shivayogi (1852 – 1929)  Born – 1852 August 26  Birth place – Kollengode (Palakkad)  Childhood name – Govindan Kutty  Original name – Karattu Govindan Menon  Died – 1929 September 10  Known as – Guru of Athiest and Purusha Simhan  Wife – Thavukutty Amma (Yogini Matha)

www.kasmentor.com 9061474766  In 1899 he joined as a Sanskrit Teacher at Alathur school, Palakkad  He founded Sidhasramam at Vanoor and later shifted to Alathur  In 1905 he published Moksha Pradeepam  Book – Sthree Vidhyaposhini publication-started (after his death Yogini matha continued )  Journal – Saragrahi  In 1918- Ananda Maha Sabha started  His religion – Bliss eternal  His idea – Anandajati  He said Mind is God & Control of Mind is Supreme Achievement  Main disciple – Vagbhatananda  He participated in Brahma Samaj at Kozhikode under the leadership of Ayyathan Gopalan  Works – Sivayoga Rahasyam, Sthri Vidhya Poshini , Mokshapradeepam, Siddhanubhoothi, Vigraharadhana Ghandanam, Rajayoga Parasyam, Ananda kummi, Ananda Ganam, Ananda Suthram, Ananda Sopanam, Ananda Vimanam, Ananada Gurugeetha, Jnanakummi

3. Akkamma Cheriyan (1909 -1982 )  Led Rajadhani March from Thampanoor to Kowdiar (1938 )  Mahatma Gandhi addressed- Jhansi Rani of Travancore  Desasevika Sangh founded  Known as –John Arc of Kerala  Major work- ‘ 1114 nte Katha  Statue in Vellayambalam

www.kasmentor.com 9061474766 C. Kesavan (1891 – 1969)

 Born – Mayyanad  T.M. Varghese addressed – ‘The Uncrowned king of Travancore’  Prominent leader of Abstention Movement  Made speech at Kozhencherry-1935  Autobiography – Jeevitha Samaram  Inagurated Paliyam Satyagraha , known as Simhala Simham

4. Vaikom Satyagraha- 1924  Major struggle for eradication of untouchability  Started on 30 March 1924, at Vaikom temple road, Kottayam

Aim  Securing freedom of movement to all sections of society through the public roads around Mahadeva Temple at Vaikom  Kakkinada session of INC in 1923 under the initiative of T.K. Madhavan ,passed a resolution to work for the eradication of Untouchability in India  Main leaders – T.K. Madhavan , K.P. Keshavamenon  Gandhi visited Kerala in second time during the period of Vaikom Satyagraha in 1925  Periyar E.V. Ramaswami Naiker led a procession from Madurai to Vaikom (known as Vaikom Veerar or Vaikom Hero)  Akalis of Punjab came to Vaikom to open free food stall for the Satyagrahis  Ended on 23rd November 1925.

www.kasmentor.com 9061474766 5. Passes in Kerala  Largest pass in Western Ghats – Palakkad pass –connects Coimbatore and Palakkad  Gateway of Wayanad – Thamarasseri pass (Wayanad churam) - Kozhikode – connects Wayanad to Kozhikode and Kozhikode to Mysore  Perambadi pass – connects Kerala to Coorg in Karnataka  Aryankavu pass – connects Punaloor and Chenkotta  Periyaghat pass – connects Mananthavadi with Mysore  Number of passes in Western ghats – 16  Karindhandan is a tribe who had shown the shortest way to Wayanad, to the British.  Palchuram –connects Wayanad to Kannur  Bodinayikkannoor Pass – connects Kochi to Theni  Nadukani pass – located at Malappuram

6. East flowing rivers- Kabani, Bhavani and Pambar

Kabani  Total length- 240 km ( 57 km in Kerala)  Longest east flowing river  Known as Kapila  Origin- Tondarmudi near Wayanad  Falls into Kaveri at Karnataka  Merges at Thirumakkudal  Banasura sagar dam – Only earth dam in Kerala - situated at Karamanathodu , offsprings of Kabani.

Bhavani

 Total length -217 km (38 km in kerala)  Origin from Nilgiri hills, Palakkad  Falls into Kaveri at Tamilnadu  Shiruvani and Varayar is tributaries

www.kasmentor.com 9061474766  Shiruvani flows through Attappadai  Water from Shiruvani is transported to Coimbatore in Tamilnadu

Pambar

 Total length – 31 km ( 25 km in Kerala)  Origin – Benmore near Idukki  Falls into Kaveri at Tamilnadu  Flows through Chinnar Wild life sanctuary  Smallest east flowing river  Thoovanam water falls in Pambar  Pambar also known as Thalayar  Main tributaries – Eravikulam, Myladi, Thirthmala, Chengalar

Pamba

 Origin – Pulachimalai hills, Peerumedu plateau  Total length – 176 km  Tributeries – Achankovilar, Azhuthayar, Kakkiyar, Manimalayar, Kallar, Varattar  Third longest river  Known as Dakshina Bhagirathi  Known as Baris in ancient times  Famous Boat race- Aranmula Uttrattati boat race held in this river  Kuttanad is known as the ‘Gift of Pamba’  The Maramon convention, the largest Christian convention in Asia and Cherukolpuzha Hindu religious convention held in the banks of Pamba.  Perunthenaruvi waterfalls is situated in Pamba.

www.kasmentor.com 9061474766 7.  Blue Mormon – Maharashtra state butterfly  First State to Declare Official Butterfly - Maharashtra  Southern Bird Wing – Karnataka state butterfly  Southern Bird Wing is the Largest Butterfly in India

Kerala state symbols

 Animal – Elephant  Bird – Great Horn bill  Fish – Green Chromide  Flower – Kanikkonna (Golden Shower Tree)  Tree – Coconut tree  Fruit – Jack fruit

8.  First Prime Minister of Kochi – Panampilly Govinda Menon  Last Prime Minister of Kochi – Ikkanda Warrier  First Prime Minister of Travancore – Pattom Thanupillai  Last Prime Minister of Travancore – Paravoor .T.K. Narayanapillai  First Chief Minister of Thiru-Kochi – Paravoor TK Narayana Pillai  Last Chief Minister of Thiru-Kochi – Panampilli Govinda Menon  Prime Ministers of Travancore – Pattom Tanu Pillai, Paravoor TK Narayana Pillai  Prime Ministers of Kochi – Panampilli Govinda Menon , T.K. Madhavan, Ikkenda Warrior  Chief Ministers of Thiru-Kochi – Paravoor .T.K. Narayana Pillai, C. Kesavan, Pattom Thanupillai , A.K. John, Panampilli Govinda Menon

www.kasmentor.com 9061474766 9.  National literacy mission – 1988 May 5  Kerala state literacy mission – 1998 October 26  Head quarters of Kerala state literacy mission – Thiruvananthapuram  Editorial – Akshara Kairali (1999 October 2)  1989 June 25 – fully literate town – Kottyam  1990 February – Fully literate district – Ernakulam  1991 April 18- Fully literate state – Kerala (Proclaimed by Chelakkadan Aisha)

10. Sneha Sparsham  Aims to protect and help unwed mothers  Government gives 1000 Rupees per month  Most of the unwed mothers belongs to Tribal community- Wayanad

Pratyasha

 Innovative program  Launch joint venture between Malabar group and Kerala social security mission  Objective- helps economically poor parents getting their daughters married

Thoovalsparsham

 Protect women from atrocities and to rehabilitate the victims of domestic violence and sex crimes

Thalolam

 Provides free treatment to children below the age of 18, who are suffering from various diseases, including Endosulfan victims

www.kasmentor.com 9061474766  They will be eligible for an initial assistance of Rs. 50000(Fifty Thousand) under this scheme

Snehapoorvam

 Provides financial support to orphans who are living in the family welfare organizations.

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