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Major Forts in Kerala • Manuel Fort (Pallippuram Or Ayi)

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Major Forts in Kerala • Manuel Fort (Pallippuram Or Ayi) Kerala Facts Detailed Explanation Major Forts in Kerala Manuel Fort (Pallippuram or Ayi) or Emmanuel Fort – Kochi – Portuguese (1503 ) St.Angello Fort – Kannur – Portuguese (Almeda )-( 1505 ) Bakel Fort – Kasargod – Shivappa Nikar –largest Fort in Kerala (1650 ) Palakkad Fort – Palakkad- Hyder Ali (1766 ) Kottappuram Fort or Cranganore Fort or Kodungalloor Fort – Thrissur – Portuguese (1523) Vattaikottai – Kanyakumari – Marthanda Varma- 18th century Chandragiri Fort- Kasargod – Shivappa Naikar – 17th century Hosdurg Fort – Kasargode (Kanhangad ) – Somasekhara Naikar Chaliyam Fort- Vettathu Nadu(Kozhikode)- Portuguese (1531) Nedum Fort – Thrissur – Karthika Thirunal Ramavarma (1764 ) Anjuthengu Fort- Anjuthengu (Thiruvanathapuram) – British (1695 ) Thalassery Fort – Kannur – British (1703 ) Fort Thomas – Tangasseri (Kollam )- Portuguese (1518) Chettuva Fort or William Fort – Thrissur – Portuguese ( 1714) 2. Brahmananda Shivayogi (1852 – 1929) Born – 1852 August 26 Birth place – Kollengode (Palakkad) Childhood name – Govindan Kutty Original name – Karattu Govindan Menon Died – 1929 September 10 Known as – Guru of Athiest and Purusha Simhan Wife – Thavukutty Amma (Yogini Matha) www.kasmentor.com 9061474766 In 1899 he joined as a Sanskrit Teacher at Alathur school, Palakkad He founded Sidhasramam at Vanoor and later shifted to Alathur In 1905 he published Moksha Pradeepam Book – Sthree Vidhyaposhini publication-started (after his death Yogini matha continued ) Journal – Saragrahi In 1918- Ananda Maha Sabha started His religion – Bliss eternal His idea – Anandajati He said Mind is God & Control of Mind is Supreme Achievement Main disciple – Vagbhatananda He participated in Brahma Samaj at Kozhikode under the leadership of Ayyathan Gopalan Works – Sivayoga Rahasyam, Sthri Vidhya Poshini , Mokshapradeepam, Siddhanubhoothi, Vigraharadhana Ghandanam, Rajayoga Parasyam, Ananda kummi, Ananda Ganam, Ananda Suthram, Ananda Sopanam, Ananda Vimanam, Ananada Gurugeetha, Jnanakummi 3. Akkamma Cheriyan (1909 -1982 ) Led Rajadhani March from Thampanoor to Kowdiar (1938 ) Mahatma Gandhi addressed- Jhansi Rani of Travancore Desasevika Sangh founded Known as –John Arc of Kerala Major work- ‘ 1114 nte Katha Statue in Vellayambalam www.kasmentor.com 9061474766 C. Kesavan (1891 – 1969) Born – Mayyanad T.M. Varghese addressed – ‘The Uncrowned king of Travancore’ Prominent leader of Abstention Movement Made speech at Kozhencherry-1935 Autobiography – Jeevitha Samaram Inagurated Paliyam Satyagraha , known as Simhala Simham 4. Vaikom Satyagraha- 1924 Major struggle for eradication of untouchability Started on 30 March 1924, at Vaikom temple road, Kottayam Aim Securing freedom of movement to all sections of society through the public roads around Mahadeva Temple at Vaikom Kakkinada session of INC in 1923 under the initiative of T.K. Madhavan ,passed a resolution to work for the eradication of Untouchability in India Main leaders – T.K. Madhavan , K.P. Keshavamenon Gandhi visited Kerala in second time during the period of Vaikom Satyagraha in 1925 Periyar E.V. Ramaswami Naiker led a procession from Madurai to Vaikom (known as Vaikom Veerar or Vaikom Hero) Akalis of Punjab came to Vaikom to open free food stall for the Satyagrahis Ended on 23rd November 1925. www.kasmentor.com 9061474766 5. Passes in Kerala Largest pass in Western Ghats – Palakkad pass –connects Coimbatore and Palakkad Gateway of Wayanad – Thamarasseri pass (Wayanad churam) - Kozhikode – connects Wayanad to Kozhikode and Kozhikode to Mysore Perambadi pass – connects Kerala to Coorg in Karnataka Aryankavu pass – connects Punaloor and Chenkotta Periyaghat pass – connects Mananthavadi with Mysore Number of passes in Western ghats – 16 Karindhandan is a tribe who had shown the shortest way to Wayanad, to the British. Palchuram –connects Wayanad to Kannur Bodinayikkannoor Pass – connects Kochi to Theni Nadukani pass – located at Malappuram 6. East flowing rivers- Kabani, Bhavani and Pambar Kabani Total length- 240 km ( 57 km in Kerala) Longest east flowing river Known as Kapila Origin- Tondarmudi near Wayanad Falls into Kaveri at Karnataka Merges at Thirumakkudal Banasura sagar dam – Only earth dam in Kerala - situated at Karamanathodu , offsprings of Kabani. Bhavani Total length -217 km (38 km in kerala) Origin from Nilgiri hills, Palakkad Falls into Kaveri at Tamilnadu Shiruvani and Varayar is tributaries www.kasmentor.com 9061474766 Shiruvani flows through Attappadai Water from Shiruvani is transported to Coimbatore in Tamilnadu Pambar Total length – 31 km ( 25 km in Kerala) Origin – Benmore near Idukki Falls into Kaveri at Tamilnadu Flows through Chinnar Wild life sanctuary Smallest east flowing river Thoovanam water falls in Pambar Pambar also known as Thalayar Main tributaries – Eravikulam, Myladi, Thirthmala, Chengalar Pamba Origin – Pulachimalai hills, Peerumedu plateau Total length – 176 km Tributeries – Achankovilar, Azhuthayar, Kakkiyar, Manimalayar, Kallar, Varattar Third longest river Known as Dakshina Bhagirathi Known as Baris in ancient times Famous Boat race- Aranmula Uttrattati boat race held in this river Kuttanad is known as the ‘Gift of Pamba’ The Maramon convention, the largest Christian convention in Asia and Cherukolpuzha Hindu religious convention held in the banks of Pamba. Perunthenaruvi waterfalls is situated in Pamba. www.kasmentor.com 9061474766 7. Blue Mormon – Maharashtra state butterfly First State to Declare Official Butterfly - Maharashtra Southern Bird Wing – Karnataka state butterfly Southern Bird Wing is the Largest Butterfly in India Kerala state symbols Animal – Elephant Bird – Great Horn bill Fish – Green Chromide Flower – Kanikkonna (Golden Shower Tree) Tree – Coconut tree Fruit – Jack fruit 8. First Prime Minister of Kochi – Panampilly Govinda Menon Last Prime Minister of Kochi – Ikkanda Warrier First Prime Minister of Travancore – Pattom Thanupillai Last Prime Minister of Travancore – Paravoor .T.K. Narayanapillai First Chief Minister of Thiru-Kochi – Paravoor TK Narayana Pillai Last Chief Minister of Thiru-Kochi – Panampilli Govinda Menon Prime Ministers of Travancore – Pattom Tanu Pillai, Paravoor TK Narayana Pillai Prime Ministers of Kochi – Panampilli Govinda Menon , T.K. Madhavan, Ikkenda Warrior Chief Ministers of Thiru-Kochi – Paravoor .T.K. Narayana Pillai, C. Kesavan, Pattom Thanupillai , A.K. John, Panampilli Govinda Menon www.kasmentor.com 9061474766 9. National literacy mission – 1988 May 5 Kerala state literacy mission – 1998 October 26 Head quarters of Kerala state literacy mission – Thiruvananthapuram Editorial – Akshara Kairali (1999 October 2) 1989 June 25 – fully literate town – Kottyam 1990 February – Fully literate district – Ernakulam 1991 April 18- Fully literate state – Kerala (Proclaimed by Chelakkadan Aisha) 10. Sneha Sparsham Aims to protect and help unwed mothers Government gives 1000 Rupees per month Most of the unwed mothers belongs to Tribal community- Wayanad Pratyasha Innovative program Launch joint venture between Malabar group and Kerala social security mission Objective- helps economically poor parents getting their daughters married Thoovalsparsham Protect women from atrocities and to rehabilitate the victims of domestic violence and sex crimes Thalolam Provides free treatment to children below the age of 18, who are suffering from various diseases, including Endosulfan victims www.kasmentor.com 9061474766 They will be eligible for an initial assistance of Rs. 50000(Fifty Thousand) under this scheme Snehapoorvam Provides financial support to orphans who are living in the family welfare organizations. www.kasmentor.com 9061474766 .
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