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MAKING SENSE of the CITY Developing Evidence Through Action Research and Learning

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MAKING SENSE of the CITY Developing Evidence Through Action Research and Learning MAKING SENSE OF THE CITY Developing evidence through action research and learning Revised edition World Vision is a Christian relief, development and advocacy organisation dedicated to working with children, families and communities world-wide to reach their full potential by tackling the causes of poverty and injustice. World Vision is dedicated to working with the world’s most vulnerable people. World Vision serves all people regardless of religion, race, ethnicity or gender. © World Vision International 2016 All rights reserved. No portion of this publication may be reproduced in any form, except for brief excerpts in reviews, without prior permission of the publisher. An earlier version of this report was published in February 2016 under the same title. This document has been substantially revised. Urban Programme Initiative and report led by Joyati Das, Senior Director, Centre of Expertise for Urban Programming. Published by the Centre of Expertise for Urban Programming (Urban CoE) on behalf of World Vision International. For further information about this publication or World Vision International publications, or for additional copies of this publication, please contact wvi_publishing @wvi.org. Managed on behalf of Centre of Expertise for Urban Programming by Jacqueline Trieu Senior Editor: Heather Elliott Consulting Senior Editor: Karen Homer Production Management: Joann Slead, Katie Fike Copyediting: Joan Laflamme Proofreading: Audrey Dorsch Cover Design and Interior Page Layout: Blue Apple Projects. Cover photo: Ilana Rose/World Vision Caption: The high density and sprawling city of La Paz, Bolivia. All photos © World Vision Contents Foreword ...................................................................................................................... i Acknowledgements ................................................................................................... ii Executive Summary................................................................................................... 1 Introduction ................................................................................................................ 5 About World Vision’s Urban Programmes Initiative ............................................................................. 6 Part 1: Urbanisation: Issues, Lessons and Development Impact ......................... 8 Diverse Urban Communities .....................................................................................................................10 Measuring Urban Poverty and Vulnerability .......................................................................................... 11 Slums and Informal Communities ........................................................................................................... 13 Mobility and Fluidity in the Urban Environment ................................................................................... 14 Lack of Accurate Data to Inform Programme Interventions ............................................................ 14 Urban Governance....................................................................................................................................... 14 Diversity of Actors ...................................................................................................................................... 15 Children in the Urban Context ................................................................................................................16 Part 2: The Urban Programmes Initiative ............................................................ 17 Background .................................................................................................................................................... 17 Action Research Framework and Methodology ................................................................................... 17 Research Approach .......................................................................................................................................................... 18 About the Six Urban Pilot Initiatives ....................................................................................................... 21 Orlando East: Local Economic Development ............................................................................................................ 23 Phnom Penh: Land Tenure ............................................................................................................................................. 25 Kanpur and Siliguri, India: Child Labour and Child Trafficking ............................................................................ 28 La Paz, Bolivia: Youth Governance ................................................................................................................................31 Surabaya: Child Friendly Cities ...................................................................................................................................... 33 Beirut: Peacebuilding and Social Cohesion ................................................................................................................ 35 Part 3: Meta-Review Themes .................................................................................38 Approach to Meta-Review ........................................................................................................................38 Summary of Results .....................................................................................................................................38 The Inner Circle ................................................................................................................................................................. 40 The Middle Circle ............................................................................................................................................................ 42 The Outer Circle ................................................................................................................................................................ 43 Making Sense of the City Part 4: Discussion of Lessons Learned by Research Themes ............................. 47 The Urban Context ....................................................................................................................................47 Lessons on Socio-Cultural Diversity ............................................................................................................................. 48 Lessons on Mobility and Dynamism ............................................................................................................................ 49 Lessons on Levels and Causes of Urban Poverty ......................................................................................................51 The Enabling Environment ........................................................................................................................52 Lessons on Partnering, Networks and Connections ................................................................................................ 53 Lessons on Governments, Power Structures and Accountability .......................................................................... 55 Organisational Context and Capacity: Key Observations .................................................................57 Organisational Adaptations .......................................................................................................................................... 57 Part 5: Recommendations from the Urban Programmes Initiative .................. 59 Cities for Children (Programming) Framework ....................................................................................59 Why Do We Need This Framework? ...........................................................................................................................61 City-wide Operating Framework .............................................................................................................61 The Neighbourhood Level ............................................................................................................................................... 62 The Municipal Level ......................................................................................................................................................... 63 The City Level .................................................................................................................................................................... 63 Conclusion ................................................................................................................64 Annex: International Urban Actors .......................................................................66 Development – International ....................................................................................................................66 Development – Grassroots .......................................................................................................................66 Humanitarian Aid Organisations ..............................................................................................................67 UN/Multilateral .............................................................................................................................................67 Bibliography .............................................................................................................
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