TENNESSEE VALLEY AUTHORITY WATTS BAR NUCLEAR PLANT CONSTRUCTION AND OPERATION EMPLOYEE SURVEY RESULTS AND MITIGATION SUMMARY JULY 30, 1982, AND APRIL 30, 1984 Knoxville, Tennessee 9410210091 940927 PDR ADOCK 05000390 PDR I TABLE OF CONTENTS Page 1.0 Introduction.................. .......................... 2.0 Survey Results. ... 2.1 Construction Employees . ..... 2.1.1 Total Employment and Survey Response Rate . .. 2.1.2 Employee Location and Mover Rate. .. 2.1.3 Mover Characteristics and Housing Choice. .. 2.2 Operational Employees 2.2.1 Total Employment and Survey Response Rate... 2.2.2 Employee Location and Mover Rate. .. 2.2.3 Mover Characteristics and Housing Choice. .... 3.0 Summary of Impact Mitigation Program . .. Appendixes Appendix A--Watts Bar Nuclear Plant, Results of the July 30, 1982, Construction Employee Surveyy.......... Appendix B--Watts Bar Nuclear Plant, Results of the April 30, 1984, Construction Employee Survey ......... Appendix C--Watts Bar Nuclear Plant, Results of the July 30, 1982, Operational Employee Survey ......... Appendix D--Watts Bar Nuclear Plant, Results of the April 30, 1984, Operational Employee Surveyy.......... Appendix E--Comparison of Construction Employee Surveysy.s........ Appendix F--Comparison of Operational Employee Surveys ........... Appendix G--Watts Bar Nuclear Plant, Initial and Followup Survey Forms.................... ....... Figures Figures 1--Watts Bar Nuclear Plant, Towns Containing Construction and Operational Employees, April 19848.. ............... ........................ WATTS BAR NUCLEAR PLANT CONSTRUCTION AND OPERATION EMPLOYEE SURVEY RESULTS AND MITIGATION SUMMARY JULY 30, 1982, AND APRIL 30, 1984 1.0 Introduction This is the sixth in a series of reports describing the results of surveys of the work force at the Watts Bar Nuclear Plant. This report contains the results of two surveys of employees as of July 30, 1982, and April 30, 1984, covering both construction and operating employees. In addition, the report summarizes the community mitigation efforts undertaken by TVA through fiscal year 1984. Survey information was obtained from a questionnaire distributed to all employees--both the trades and labor hourly (referred to as Hourly) and the salary policy annual (referred to as Annual) in both the construction and operation categories. The survey form and cover letter are in Appendix G. Of the information obtained from the questionnaire, the following is presented in various tables: (1) the number and current residence of employees who did not move to work at the project; (2) the number of employees who moved into the area (referred to as Movers) and where they moved to; (3) a cross tabulation of the previous and current location of all employees at the county and State level of aggregation; (4) the number of movers who brought their families; (5) the total number of children accompanying movers with families and how many were of school age; and (6) the kind of accommodations selected by the new arrivals. In addition, a map was prepared (Figure 1) which highlights the communities containing five or more movers or nonmovers and outlines the recruiting area for hourly employees. Most of the tables contain the tabulation of survey responses but certain tables, including those in Appendices E and F, contain extrapolated data to enable comparisons among surveys and with projections. The extrapolation is done on a ratio basis of total employment to total respondents. This procedure assumes that the survey sample accurately reflects the situation of the total work force. It is possible that nonrespondents differ significantly from respondents but there is not obvious indication of that. 2.0 Survey Results This section briefly presents salient survey data from the construction and operation surveys. Some comparisons are made with past surveys focusing on certain patterns of change. Other comparisons point out similarities or differences between the construction and operation results. -2- 2.1 Construction Employees 2.1.1 Total Employment and Survey Response Rate In July 1982, employment had climbed to 3,900 from 2,500 at the time of the previous survey in January 1981. This surpassed the previous peak of 3,700 which was reached in late 1978. From July 1982 until April 1984, employment declined gradually to 3,150. Of the total employees sent questionnaires, information was available on 66 percent (2,579) in 1982 and 84 percent (2,635) in 1984. 2.1.2 Employee Location and Mover Rate For 1982 and 1984 respectively, tables A-1 and B-1 list the towns of current residence for both movers and nonmovers along with the number of each category of employees living in them. These tables are based on a 'mailing address" location rather than jurisdictional location because employees are asked to provide a place name even if they do not live within any municipal limits. For impact communities, the number of movers living within the city limits is shown in tables A-7 through A-9 and B-9 through B-ll. Tables A-1 and B-1 also provide the data from which to calculate the mover rate. After having held steady from 1976 to 1981 at 31 percent, the mover rate has been moving up. In 1982, it had increased to -3- 36 percent and in 1984, 40 percent. However, even with the higher rate in 1984, the total number of movers decreased 137 from the peak of 1,388 in 1982. Tables A-2 and B-2 show both the origin and current location of all employees at the county level and above. The diagonal line of the tabulation shows basically nonmovers. For example, the number of nonmovers living in Rhea County is found by locating Rhea County in the "From" column and going across the tables to the "To" column labled Rhea County. In the 1982 survey, 252 residents of Rhea County were employed. Movers are found in most of the other cells of the table. For example, 21 employees reported moving from Alabama to Rhea County. From tables A-2 and B-2 we also find that even with the increasing mover rate, the recruiting area is providing a substantial portion of the work force. About 70 percent of the work force orginated in the recruiting area although some of them moved from one place to another within the area thus becoming movers in terms of the survey. When Tennessee counties, other than the recruiting counties, are taken into account, Tennessee residents comprised 87 percent of the work force. The mover rate for Tennessee residents outside the recruiting area exceeded 50 percent which is expected because of the distance these counties are from the site. -4- Selected extrapolated data are presented in tables A-3 and B-3 for the impact counties and commumities. Rhea County was the choice of about one-third of the movers with a resulting population influx of about 1,000 in both surveys. Meigs County was chosen by 19 percent in 1982 but this dropped to 15 percent in 1984. The associated population influxes were about 550 and 400, respectively. Spring City was the most popular community attracting about 200 in both surveys. A comparison of selected data for all construction surveys done at Watts Bar and other projects as well is found in Appendix E. 2.1.3 Mover Charactericties and Housing Choice Tables A-4 through A-9 and B-4 through B-11 contain a cross tabulation of mover characterictics and housing choice and tenancy. The first table in each list contains aggregated survey data while the remaining tables contain data for selected counties and towns. In the 1984 survey, two counties--McMinn and Roane--are included for the first time because the number of construction-related movers locating in them exceeded 100. TVA begins monitoring impacts outside the impact area when movers exceed 100 for a county or 50 for a town so that potential impacts are not inadvertently overlooked. However, with an estimated population influx of about 400 into each county, occurring over a period of more than 10 years, no significant impacts are likely. -5- Mover characteristics were very consistent over the past two surveys. About two-thirds of the movers were accompanied by a family and one-third were not. The average total number of children per family varied only one-tenth--l.3 in 1982 and 1.4 in 1984--while the number of school-age children per family was similarly close--0.9 and 1.0, respectively. Housing choice was also very similar in both surveys. Somewhat more than 50 percent chose conventional houses while about 25 percent chose mobile homes. Less than 10 percent chose sleeping rooms or other similar accommodations while the remaining 14 percent chose apartments. Aggregate, extrapolated survey results for all TVA construction employee surveys since 1968 are contained in Appendix E. They include employment and respondent data, number and percent movers, and mover characterictics and housing choice. 2.2 Operational Employees Survey responses of operational employees are compiled in a set of tables paralleling those of the construction employees. Appendices C and D contain the 1982 and 1984 results, respectively, while Appendix F contains a summary table comparing results with other surveys. -4- 2.2.1 Total Employment and Survey Response Rate Operational employment has built steadily since 1981 when 550 were employed. By 1982, employment was nearly 750 and continued climbing to slightly over 1,000 in 1984. The response rates of the last two surveys was substantially better than the 54 percent in 1981. In 1982, information was available on 79 percent of the employees and in 1984, 77 percent. 2.2.2 Employee Location and Mover Rate Tables C-2 and D-2 show the source and current location of all operational employees. There is no recruiting area for operational employees but the recruiting counties for construction crafts have been renamed "commuting" counties because they encompass a reasonable commuting area.