DOCSLIB.ORG

Morphologic Comparisons of Shallow and Deepwater Benthic Marine Diatoms of Onslow Bay, North Carolina

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Morphologic Comparisons of Shallow and Deepwater Benthic Marine Diatoms of Onslow Bay, North Carolina MORPHOLOGIC COMPARISONS OF SHALLOW AND DEEPWATER BENTHIC MARINE DIATOMS OF ONSLOW BAY, NORTH CAROLINA Dorien Kymberly McGee A Thesis Submitted to the University of North Carolina at Wilmington in Partial Fulfillment Of the Requirements for the Degree of Master of Science Department of Earth Sciences University of North Carolina at Wilmington 2005 Approved by Advisory Committee _______Patricia Kelley________ _______Lawrence Cahoon_______ _________Richard Laws________ Chair Accepted By __________________________ Dean, Graduate School This thesis has been prepared in a style and format Consistent with the journal Diatom Research ii TABLE OF CONTENTS ABSTRACT.....................................................................................................................................v ACKNOWLEDGMENTS ............................................................................................................ vii DEDICATION............................................................................................................................. viii LIST OF TABLES......................................................................................................................... ix LIST OF FIGURES .........................................................................................................................x INTRODUCTION ...........................................................................................................................1 Overview..............................................................................................................................1 Diatom Biology....................................................................................................................2 Previous Work .....................................................................................................................4 Hypothesis..........................................................................................................................11 METHODS ....................................................................................................................................13 Sample Collection..............................................................................................................13 Sample Preparation ............................................................................................................17 Microscope Analysis..........................................................................................................19 Quantitative/Morphometric Analysis.................................................................................21 RESULTS ......................................................................................................................................28 Deepwater Locality: Onslow Bay.....................................................................................28 Transect 1...............................................................................................................32 Transect 2...............................................................................................................33 Shallow water Locality: Masonboro Island ......................................................................37 Station DET I-B .....................................................................................................39 iii Station ND IV-D....................................................................................................41 Deepwater/Shallow water Comparison..............................................................................43 DISCUSSION................................................................................................................................50 External Morphology.........................................................................................................52 Physiology..........................................................................................................................54 Implications........................................................................................................................55 CONCLUSIONS............................................................................................................................58 LITERATURE CITED ..................................................................................................................60 APPENDICES ...............................................................................................................................65 iv ABSTRACT In October 2003, in-situ, living benthic marine diatoms were recovered from sandy sediments from 67 m to 191 m depth in Onslow Bay, North Carolina, by a remotely operated vehicle tethered to the R/V Cape Hatteras. Fourteen stations were sampled, with surface incident irradiance flux ranging from 3.740% of the surface irradiance at the shallowest station to 0.028% at the deepest. Attenuation coefficients fluctuated with depth, averaging between 0.0443 (4.43% loss per meter) and 0.0842 (8.42% loss per meter). Bottom temperatures decreased with depth from 25.3 °C to 14.9°C. One hundred twenty-six species of 29 genera were identified from cleaned sediments from all 14 stations. Eleven live species from six genera were documented as live and identified from the shallowest and deepest of the fourteen stations (Actinoptychus splendens, Amphora coffeaformis, Cocconeis disculus, Cocconeis distans, Cocconeis placentula, Diploneis chersonensis, Navicula Sp. a, Navicula digitoconvergens, Nitschia frustulum, Nitschia pellucida, and Nitschia panduriformis), and analyzed morphometrically based on apical and transapical axis lengths, degree of frustal ornamentation, and surface area to volume ratios. These data were then compared to those for shallow water samples previously collected from intertidal marsh sediments on Masonboro Island, North Carolina. Though apical axis lengths were significantly larger in the shallow water samples (p = 8.6 x 10-6), transapical axis lengths and degree of ornamentation did not differ significantly between deepwater and shallow water regions. Surface area to volume ratios of three out of five live species found in both shallow water and deepwater were significantly lower in the deepwater stations (p = 0.00045 to 0.0088), indicating that differences in shape may affect the efficiency of light collection. The results of this study indicate taxonomic diversity and variety of frustal v morphology of benthic marine diatoms are greater shallow water; however, the presence of these microalgae in the deeper sediments of Onslow Bay may have far-reaching impacts on nutrient cycling and food web dynamics on the shelf and upper slope. vi ACKNOWLEDGMENTS I would like to thank UNCW’s Center for Marine Science, the Department of Earth Sciences, the UNCW Graduate School, and the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration’s National Undersea Research Program for their financial support during the completion of this degree. I would also like to thank my committee members, Richard Laws, Larry Cahoon, and Patricia Kelley for their unwavering support and guidance in this project. I am indebted to them for the time, energy, and assistance they have provided over the past two years. Much appreciation is also extended to the Duke University/University of North Carolina Oceanographic Consortium for their use of the Research Vessel Cape Hatteras and its crew in collecting field samples in Onslow Bay and making our stay as enjoyable as nature would allow. I would like to thank Lance Horn of NOAA’s National Undersea Research Center, UNCW’s Coastal Ocean Research and Monitoring Program and Aquatic Ecology Lab for their technical assistance. Much gratitude is also extended to Cathy Morris and Anne Sutter for their logistical support. The journey for answers is often more fulfilling than the answers themselves. Much love and thanks to those friends who’ve taught me about myself along the way: the DeLoach and CMS clan, the San Sal crew, and to Annie, Twinks, Rociel, Lisa F., and Lisa B, and Scott. Thanks to Steffi for the moral support and for showing me how to be strong in the face of opposition; to Greg for the wisdom and understanding, and for being there unconditionally; and last but not least, to my best friend Micól, with whom I’ve learned to be effortlessly, live happy, and enjoy the champagne highs. vii DEDICATION This thesis is dedicated to my family: To my Mom, who taught me how to persevere with grace; to my Aunt Gail for showing me what a little determination could accomplish; to Uncle Jim for being my geological muse; to Sarah, Matt, Luke, Uncle Jack, and Aunt Lynn for their support (despite the rock jokes); and the zoo crew Jasmine, Maako, Saba, Minerva, Rasta, and Inca, as well as Tommy, Gandalf, and Julep (who didn’t see the completion of this project but aided me in getting there nonetheless). viii LIST OF TABLES Table Page 1. Station 1 taxonomic composition and morphometrics........................................................34 2. Station 14 taxonomic composition and morphometrics......................................................36 3. Deepwater mean surface area to volume ratios by species.................................................38 4. Station DET I-B taxonomic composition and morphometrics ...........................................40 5. Station ND IV-D taxonomic composition and morphometrics ..........................................42 6. Shallow water mean surface area
Load more

Recommended publications
  • First Record of Benthic Diatoms
    Available online at www.sciencedirect.com Revista Mexicana de Biodiversidad Revista Mexicana de Biodiversidad 86 (2015) 281–292 www.ib.unam.mx/revista/ Taxonomy and systematics First record of benthic diatoms (Bacillariophyceae and Fragilariophyceae) from Isla Guadalupe, Baja California, Mexico Primer registro de diatomeas bentónicas (Bacillariophyceae y Fragilariophyceae) de isla Guadalupe, Baja California, México Francisco Omar López-Fuerte a, David A. Siqueiros-Beltrones b,∗, Ricardo Yabur c a Laboratorio de Sistemas Arrecifales, Departamento Académico de Economía, Universidad Autónoma de Baja California Sur, Carretera al Sur, Km. 5.5, 23080 La Paz, B.C.S., Mexico b Departamento de Plancton y Ecología Marina, Centro Interdisciplinario de Ciencias Marinas, Intituto Politécnico Nacional, Av. Instituto Politécnico Nacional s/n, Col. Playa Palo de Santa Rita, 23096 La Paz, B.C.S., Mexico c Departamento Académico de Biología Marina, Universidad Autónoma de Baja California Sur, Carretera al Sur, Km. 5.5, 23080 La Paz, B.C.S., Mexico Received 13 June 2014; accepted 3 December 2014 Available online 26 May 2015 Abstract Guadalupe Island represents a unique ecosystem. Its volcanic origin and remoteness from the Baja California peninsula have allowed for the successful establishment of its distinctive flora and fauna. However, the difficulty in accessing the island has precluded the study of its biotic communities, mainly the marine ones. Consequently, no studies on benthic or planktonic diatoms have been hitherto published. Thus, the first records of marine benthic diatom species (epiphytic, epilithic, epizoic) from Guadalupe Island in the NW Mexican Pacific are here provided. One hundred and nineteen diatom taxa belonging to the Bacillariophyceae and Fragilariophyceae were identified, including species and varieties.
    [Show full text]
  • University of Oklahoma
    UNIVERSITY OF OKLAHOMA GRADUATE COLLEGE MACRONUTRIENTS SHAPE MICROBIAL COMMUNITIES, GENE EXPRESSION AND PROTEIN EVOLUTION A DISSERTATION SUBMITTED TO THE GRADUATE FACULTY in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Degree of DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY By JOSHUA THOMAS COOPER Norman, Oklahoma 2017 MACRONUTRIENTS SHAPE MICROBIAL COMMUNITIES, GENE EXPRESSION AND PROTEIN EVOLUTION A DISSERTATION APPROVED FOR THE DEPARTMENT OF MICROBIOLOGY AND PLANT BIOLOGY BY ______________________________ Dr. Boris Wawrik, Chair ______________________________ Dr. J. Phil Gibson ______________________________ Dr. Anne K. Dunn ______________________________ Dr. John Paul Masly ______________________________ Dr. K. David Hambright ii © Copyright by JOSHUA THOMAS COOPER 2017 All Rights Reserved. iii Acknowledgments I would like to thank my two advisors Dr. Boris Wawrik and Dr. J. Phil Gibson for helping me become a better scientist and better educator. I would also like to thank my committee members Dr. Anne K. Dunn, Dr. K. David Hambright, and Dr. J.P. Masly for providing valuable inputs that lead me to carefully consider my research questions. I would also like to thank Dr. J.P. Masly for the opportunity to coauthor a book chapter on the speciation of diatoms. It is still such a privilege that you believed in me and my crazy diatom ideas to form a concise chapter in addition to learn your style of writing has been a benefit to my professional development. I’m also thankful for my first undergraduate research mentor, Dr. Miriam Steinitz-Kannan, now retired from Northern Kentucky University, who was the first to show the amazing wonders of pond scum. Who knew that studying diatoms and algae as an undergraduate would lead me all the way to a Ph.D.
    [Show full text]
  • Biology and Systematics of Heterokont and Haptophyte Algae1
    American Journal of Botany 91(10): 1508±1522. 2004. BIOLOGY AND SYSTEMATICS OF HETEROKONT AND HAPTOPHYTE ALGAE1 ROBERT A. ANDERSEN Bigelow Laboratory for Ocean Sciences, P.O. Box 475, West Boothbay Harbor, Maine 04575 USA In this paper, I review what is currently known of phylogenetic relationships of heterokont and haptophyte algae. Heterokont algae are a monophyletic group that is classi®ed into 17 classes and represents a diverse group of marine, freshwater, and terrestrial algae. Classes are distinguished by morphology, chloroplast pigments, ultrastructural features, and gene sequence data. Electron microscopy and molecular biology have contributed signi®cantly to our understanding of their evolutionary relationships, but even today class relationships are poorly understood. Haptophyte algae are a second monophyletic group that consists of two classes of predominately marine phytoplankton. The closest relatives of the haptophytes are currently unknown, but recent evidence indicates they may be part of a large assemblage (chromalveolates) that includes heterokont algae and other stramenopiles, alveolates, and cryptophytes. Heter- okont and haptophyte algae are important primary producers in aquatic habitats, and they are probably the primary carbon source for petroleum products (crude oil, natural gas). Key words: chromalveolate; chromist; chromophyte; ¯agella; phylogeny; stramenopile; tree of life. Heterokont algae are a monophyletic group that includes all (Phaeophyceae) by Linnaeus (1753), and shortly thereafter, photosynthetic organisms with tripartite tubular hairs on the microscopic chrysophytes (currently 5 Oikomonas, Anthophy- mature ¯agellum (discussed later; also see Wetherbee et al., sa) were described by MuÈller (1773, 1786). The history of 1988, for de®nitions of mature and immature ¯agella), as well heterokont algae was recently discussed in detail (Andersen, as some nonphotosynthetic relatives and some that have sec- 2004), and four distinct periods were identi®ed.
    [Show full text]
  • Manual for Phytoplankton Sampling and Analysis in the Black Sea
    Manual for Phytoplankton Sampling and Analysis in the Black Sea Dr. Snejana Moncheva Dr. Bill Parr Institute of Oceanology, Bulgarian UNDP-GEF Black Sea Ecosystem Academy of Sciences, Recovery Project Varna, 9000, Dolmabahce Sarayi, II. Hareket P.O.Box 152 Kosku 80680 Besiktas, Bulgaria Istanbul - TURKEY Updated June 2010 2 Table of Contents 1. INTRODUCTION........................................................................................................ 5 1.1 Basic documents used............................................................................................... 1.2 Phytoplankton – definition and rationale .............................................................. 1.3 The main objectives of phytoplankton community analysis ........................... 1.4 Phytoplankton communities in the Black Sea ..................................................... 2. SAMPLING ................................................................................................................. 9 2.1 Site selection................................................................................................................. 2.2 Depth ............................................................................................................................... 2.3 Frequency and seasonality ....................................................................................... 2.4 Algal Blooms................................................................................................................. 2.4.1 Phytoplankton bloom detection
    [Show full text]
  • Marine Plankton Diatoms of the West Coast of North America
    MARINE PLANKTON DIATOMS OF THE WEST COAST OF NORTH AMERICA BY EASTER E. CUPP UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA PRESS BERKELEY AND LOS ANGELES 1943 BULLETIN OF THE SCRIPPS INSTITUTION OF OCEANOGRAPHY OF THE UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA LA JOLLA, CALIFORNIA EDITORS: H. U. SVERDRUP, R. H. FLEMING, L. H. MILLER, C. E. ZoBELL Volume 5, No.1, pp. 1-238, plates 1-5, 168 text figures Submitted by editors December 26,1940 Issued March 13, 1943 Price, $2.50 UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA PRESS BERKELEY, CALIFORNIA _____________ CAMBRIDGE UNIVERSITY PRESS LONDON, ENGLAND [CONTRIBUTION FROM THE SCRIPPS INSTITUTION OF OCEANOGRAPHY, NEW SERIES, No. 190] PRINTED IN THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA Taxonomy and taxonomic names change over time. The names and taxonomic scheme used in this work have not been updated from the original date of publication. The published literature on marine diatoms should be consulted to ensure the use of current and correct taxonomic names of diatoms. CONTENTS PAGE Introduction 1 General Discussion 2 Characteristics of Diatoms and Their Relationship to Other Classes of Algae 2 Structure of Diatoms 3 Frustule 3 Protoplast 13 Biology of Diatoms 16 Reproduction 16 Colony Formation and the Secretion of Mucus 20 Movement of Diatoms 20 Adaptations for Flotation 22 Occurrence and Distribution of Diatoms in the Ocean 22 Associations of Diatoms with Other Organisms 24 Physiology of Diatoms 26 Nutrition 26 Environmental Factors Limiting Phytoplankton Production and Populations 27 Importance of Diatoms as a Source of food in the Sea 29 Collection and Preparation of Diatoms for Examination 29 Preparation for Examination 30 Methods of Illustration 33 Classification 33 Key 34 Centricae 39 Pennatae 172 Literature Cited 209 Plates 223 Index to Genera and Species 235 MARINE PLANKTON DIATOMS OF THE WEST COAST OF NORTH AMERICA BY EASTER E.
    [Show full text]
  • Checklist of Diatoms (Bacillariophyceae) from The
    y & E sit nd er a iv n g Licea et al., J Biodivers Endanger Species 2016, 4:3 d e o i r e B d Journal of DOI: 10.4172/2332-2543.1000174 f S o p l e a c ISSN:n 2332-2543 r i e u s o J Biodiversity & Endangered Species Research Article Open Access Checklist of Diatoms (Bacillariophyceae) from the Southern Gulf of Mexico: Data-Base (1979-2010) and New Records Licea S1*, Moreno-Ruiz JL2 and Luna R1 1Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Institute of Marine Sciences and Limnology, Mexico 04510, D.F., Mexico 2Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-Xochimilco, C.P. 04960, D.F., Mexico Abstract The objective of this study was to compile a coded checklist of 430 taxa of diatoms collected over a span of 30 years (1979-2010) from water and net-tow samples in the southern Gulf of Mexico. The checklist is based on a long-term survey involving the 20 oceanographic cruises. The material for this study comprises water and net samples collected from 647 sites. Most species were identified in water mounts and permanent slides, and in a few cases a transmission or scanning electron microscope was used. The most diverse genera in both water and the net samples were Chaetoceros (44 spp.), Thalassiosira (23 spp.), Nitzschia (25 spp.), Amphora (16 spp.), Diploneis (16 spp.), Rhizosolenia (14 spp.) and Coscinodiscus (13 spp.). The most frequent species in net and water samples were, Actinoptychus senarius, Asteromphalus heptactis, Bacteriastrum delicatulum, Cerataulina pelagica, Chaetoceros didymus, C. diversus, C. lorenzianus, C.
    [Show full text]
  • In Streams from Three Conservation Units of Central Brazil: Pinnularia Ehrenberg1
    Hoehnea 44(4): 524-538, 3 tab., 44 fig., 2017 http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/2236-8906-107/2016 Periphytic diatoms (Bacillariophyta) in streams from three Conservation Units of central Brazil: Pinnularia Ehrenberg1 Alline Alves França2, Bárbara Dunck3,6, Liliana Rodrigues4, Bárbara Medeiros Fonseca5 and Sirlene Aparecida Felisberto2 Received: 12.12.2016; accepted: 9.07.2017 ABSTRACT - (Periphytic diatoms (Bacillariophyta) in streams from three Conservation Units of central Brazil: Pinnularia Ehrenberg). This study aimed to survey the genus Pinnularia Ehrenberg (Bacillariophyta) in five preserved streams located in three conservation units (Brasília National Park, Chapada dos Veadeiros National Park and Terra Ronca State Park). Periphyton was collected in different substrata during the dry and rainy seasons (years 2012 to 2013), totalizing 25 sample units. Altogether, 23 taxa were identified, beingP. subanglica, P. angustivalva and P. butantanum the most frequent. Pebble and sand were the richest substrates, with nine taxa each. Among the 23 taxa reported, 13 are cited for the first time for the central Brazil: P. angusta var. angusta, P. angustivalva, P. butantanum, P. divergens var. biconstricta, P. divergens var. mesoleptiformis, P. gibba var. subundulata, P. paulensis, P. persudetica var. persudetica, P. subgibba var. angustarea, P. subgibba var. capitada, P. superpaulensis, P. viridiformis var. minor and P. undula var. undula. Keywords: biodiversity, Cerrado, diatom, periphyton, pristine lotic systems RESUMO - (Diatomáceas perifíticas (Bacillariophyta) em riachos de três Unidades de Conservação do Brasil Central: Pinnularia Ehrenberg). Este estudo objetivou inventariar o gênero Pinnularia Ehrenberg (Bacillariophyta) em cinco riachos preservados localizados em três unidades de conservação (Parque Nacional de Brasília, Parque Nacional da Chapada dos Veadeiros e Parque Estadual de Terra Ronca).
    [Show full text]
  • Growth Potential Bioassay of Water Masses Using Diatom Cultures: Phosphorescent Bay (Puerto Rico) and Caribbean Waters::"
    Helgoliinder wiss. Meeresunters. 20, 172-194 (1970) Growth potential bioassay of water masses using diatom cultures: Phosphorescent Bay (Puerto Rico) and Caribbean waters::" T. J. SMAYDA Graduate School of Oceanography, University of Rhode Island; Kingston, Rhode Island, USA KURZFASSUNG: Bioassay des Wachstumspotentials von Wasserk/Srpern auf der Basis yon Diatomeen-Kulturen: Phosphorescent Bay (Porto Rico) und karibische Gewiisser. Zur bio- logischen Giitebeurteilung wurden mit Proben yon Oberfllichenwasser aus der Phosphorescent Bay (Porto Rico) Kulturen yon Bacteriastrum hyalinurn, Cyclotella nana, Skeletonerna costa- turn und Thalassiosira rotula angesetzt. Thatassiosira rotula und Bacteriastrurn hyalinurn dienten aul~erdem als Testorganismen fiir Wasserproben aus der Karibischen See. Die Kultur- medien wurden mit verschiedenen Niihrsalzen und Wirkstoffen angereichert, wodurch die Ver- mehrung der Diatomeen in sehr unterschiedlicher Weise stirnuliert oder limitiert wurde. Es ergab sich, daf~ Oberfl~ichenwasser stets toxisch gegeniiber Bacteriastrurn hyalinurn war, Cyclo- tella nana aber in allen Wasserproben gedieh. Die beiden anderen Arten zeigten unterschied- liches Verhalten. Trotz der relativ geringen Entfernungen der einzelnen Stationen in der Phos- phorescent Bay (2500 m) traten beziiglich der Wasserqualit~t Unterschiede auf, die aus den hydrographischen Daten nicht hervorgingen, jedoch im Kulturexperiment anhand der Wachs- tumsrate der Diatomeen abgelesen werden konnten. Die Befunde werden irn Hinbli& auf all- gemeine Probleme der Sukzession und Verteilung yon Phytoplanktonarten diskutiert. INTRODUCTION Phosphorescent Bay (Bahia Fosforescdnte), Puerto Rico (Fig. 1), is well-known for its intense dinoflagellate bioluminescence (CLARKE & Br,~SLAU 1960) attributed to the nearly continuous bloom of Pyrodiniurn baharnense (MARGALEF 1957). Other luminescent dinoflagellates also occur, sometimes in greater abundance than Pyrodi- nium (CoK~R & GONZAL~Z 1960, GLYNN et al.
    [Show full text]
  • Pinnularia Schoelynckiana, a New Limnoterrestrial
    Pinnularia schoelynckiana, a new limnoterrestrial diatom species (Bacillariophyta) from the sub-Antarctic Iles Kerguelen (southern Indian Ocean) Bart van de Vijver, Pieter Scholberg, Marc Lebouvier To cite this version: Bart van de Vijver, Pieter Scholberg, Marc Lebouvier. Pinnularia schoelynckiana, a new limnoterres- trial diatom species (Bacillariophyta) from the sub-Antarctic Iles Kerguelen (southern Indian Ocean). Botany Letters, Taylor & Francis, 2020, 167 (1), pp.42-49. 10.1080/23818107.2019.1675185. hal- 02391114 HAL Id: hal-02391114 https://hal-univ-rennes1.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-02391114 Submitted on 17 Feb 2020 HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est archive for the deposit and dissemination of sci- destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents entific research documents, whether they are pub- scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, lished or not. The documents may come from émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de teaching and research institutions in France or recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires abroad, or from public or private research centers. publics ou privés. Pinnularia schoelynckiana, a new limnoterrestrial diatom species (Bacillariophyta) from the sub-Antarctic Iles Kerguelen (southern Indian Ocean) Bart Van de Vijver1,2, Pieter Scholberg1,2 and Marc Lebouvier3 1Meise Botanic Garden, Research Department, Nieuwelaan 38, B-1860 Meise, Belgium 2University of Antwerp, Department of Biology, ECOBE, Universiteitsplein 1, B-2610 Wilrijk, Belgium 3UMR 6553 Ecobio CNRS, Université de Rennes 1, Station Biologique, F-35380 Paimpont, France Abstract An unknown Pinnularia taxon was recorded during a survey of the limno-terrestrial diatom flora of some hot springs in the Val Travers area (Grand Terre, Iles Kerguelen, sub-Antarctic region).
    [Show full text]
  • Dynamics of Phytoplankton Communities in Eutrophying Tropical Shrimp Ponds Affected by Vibriosis
    1 Marine Pollution Bulletin Achimer September 2016, Volume 110, Issue 1, Pages 449-459 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.marpolbul.2016.06.015 http://archimer.ifremer.fr http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00343/45411/ © 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. Dynamics of phytoplankton communities in eutrophying tropical shrimp ponds affected by vibriosis Lemonnier Hugues 1, *, Lantoine François 2, Courties Claude 2, Guillebault Delphine 2, 3, Nézan Elisabeth 4, Chomérat Nicolas 4, Escoubeyrou Karine 5, Galinié Christian 6, Blockmans Bernard 6, Laugier Thierry 1 1 IFREMER LEAD, BP 2059, 98846 Nouméa cedex, New Caledonia, France 2 Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, UMR 8222, LECOB, Observatoire Océanologique, F- 66650 Banyuls/mer, France 3 Microbia Environnement, Observatoire Océanologique de Banyuls, 66650 Banyuls-sur mer, France 4 IFREMER, LER BO, Station de Biologie Marine, Place de la Croix, BP 40537, 29185 Concarneau Cedex, France 5 Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, CNRS, Plate-forme Bio2Mar, Observatoire Océanologique, F-66650 Banyuls/Mer, France 6 GFA, Groupement des Fermes Aquacoles, ORPHELINAT, 1 rue Dame Lechanteur, 98800 Nouméa cedex, New Caledonia, France * Corresponding author : Hugues Lemonnier, email address : [email protected] Abstract : Tropical shrimp aquaculture systems in New Caledonia regularly face major crises resulting from outbreaks of Vibrio infections. Ponds are highly dynamic and challenging environments and display a wide range of trophic conditions. In farms affected by vibriosis, phytoplankton biomass and composition are highly variable. These conditions may promote the development of harmful algae increasing shrimp susceptibility to bacterial infections. Phytoplankton compartment before and during mortality outbreaks was monitored at a shrimp farm that has been regularly and highly impacted by these diseases.
    [Show full text]
  • Modeling the Biogeography of Pelagic Diatoms of the Southern Ocean
    Modeling the biogeography of pelagic diatoms of the Southern Ocean Dissertation zur Erlangung des akademischen Grades doctor rerum naturalium (Dr. rer. nat.) der Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftlichen Fakultät der Universität Rostock vorgelegt von Stefan Pinkernell Bremerhaven, 16.11.2017 Gutachter 1. Prof. Dr. Ulf Karsten Universität Rostock, Institut für Biowissenschaften Albert-Einstein-Str. 3, 18059 Rostock 2. Prof. Dr. Anya Waite Alfred-Wegener-Institut Helmholtz-Zentrum für Polar- und Meeresforschung Am Handelshafen 12, 27570 Bremerhaven Datum der Einreichung: 03.08.2017 Datum der Verteidigung: 11.12.2017 ii Abstract Species distribution models (SDM) are a widely used and well-established method for biogeographical research on terrestrial organisms. Though already used for decades, experience with marine species is scarce, especially for protists. More and more obser- vation data, sometimes even aggregated over centuries, become available also for the marine world, which together with high-quality environmental data form a promising base for marine SDMs. In contrast to these SDMs, typical biogeographical studies of diatoms only considered observation data from a few transects. Species distribution methods were evaluated for marine pelagic diatoms in the South- ern Ocean at the example of F. kerguelensis. Based on the experience with these models, SDMs for further species were built to study biogeographical patterns. The anthropogenic impact of climate change on these species is assessed by model projec- tions on future scenarios for the end of this century. Besides observation data from public data repositories such as GBIF, own observa- tions from the Hustedt diatom collection were used. The models presented here rely on so-called presence only observation data.
    [Show full text]
  • Taxonomic Survey of Benthic Diatoms on Natural Substrata from Coastal Lagoon (Aegean Sea, Turkey)
    www.trjfas.org ISSN 1303-2712 Turkish Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 12: 841-849 (2012) DOI: 10.4194/1303-2712-v12_4_12 Taxonomic Survey of Benthic Diatoms on Natural Substrata From Coastal Lagoon (Aegean Sea, Turkey) Fatma Çolak Sabancı1,* 1 Ege University, Fisheries Faculty, Department of Hydrobiology, 35100 Bornova, İzmir, Turkey. * Corresponding Author: Tel.: +90.232 3111010/5206; Fax: +90.232 3883685; Received 28 May 2012 E-mail: [email protected] Accepted 17 October 2012 Abstract The taxonomical composition of epilithic diatoms was investigated at intertidal zone of Homa lagoon, Aegean sea, Turkey. The stations are located in different littoral zones of the study area and they are different from each other in terms of hydrological respect. The samples contained a mixture of forms growing on the stones themselves, on silt accumulated on the stones and forms epiphytic on other algae, I will refer to this collective community as epilithon. Epilithic diatom species, which constitute the majority of the community were examined from obtained material. A total of 67 diatom taxa belonging to 34 genera were identified to the genus or species level. The species more frequently found in the samples were Cocconeis placentula, Cocconeis scutellum, Mastogloia pumila, Navicula cincta and Navicula crypyocephala var. veneta. Nine of the species identified during the research period seem to be previously unreported for Turkish coastal waters. Morphological characteristics of these species were given in detail information and original photographs. Keywords: Epilithic diatom, species identification, Homa lagoon, Aegean Sea, Eastern Mediterranean Sea. Kıyısal Lagündeki (Ege Denizi, Türkiye) Doğal Substratumda Bulunan Bentik Diyatomelerin Taksonomik Olarak İncelenmesi Özet Epilitik diyatomelerin tür kompozisyonu, Homa lagününün (Ege Denizi, Türkiye) kıyısal zonunda incelenmiştir.
    [Show full text]