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Vol. I. DECEMBER. No. 1.

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PUBLISHED MONTHLY BY THE

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NEW GARDEN, N. C.

COOSTTEliTTS.

Learn to Labor and to Wait. L. M. D , 1 Inaugural Address at Guilford College. Pres. L. L. Hobbs 2 Ideals. Mary A. Anderson . . 8 How I Heard of It. Prof. Sain'l C. Collins * 11 Our Absent Teacher. M. P „ 14 Selections , 14 Editorials , 15 Personals : 17 Obituary 19 Locals 20 Literary 22 Directory 24

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W. T. CHICHESTER. The Guilford Collegian

Vol. I. DECEMBER, 1888. No. 1

LEARN TO LABOR AND TO WAIT."

I see thee stand beneath that stately , With eyes cast down and look deject and sad, Who lately in such glowing language spoke,

As if thy zeal had almost made thee mad.

The world to thee seemed full of sin and wrong ;

But thou wast full of earnestness and might, And hoped that thou with thy right arm so strong, Could help to set a multitude aright.

To-day thy efforts seem all made in vain,

The world goes on as tho' thou hadst not been ;

It seems as if the evil one might reign, And spread abroad his kingdom dark of sin.

'Tis not for thee to judge the earth, young man,

A Higher Power than thou rules it and thee,

Nor shouldst thou stop its wickedness to scan, With idle oars thou'll soon drift out to sea.

Fill wtll the place God giveth thee to fill, And lose no time in making needless moan, Thus thou wilt help to bring about His will, And both in earth and heaven erect His throne. L. M. D. Guilford College.

"The heavens are a point from the pen of His perfection;

The world is a rosebud from the bower of His beauty;

The sun is a spark from the light of His wisdom ; And the sky a bubble on rhc sea of His power. Sir IV Jones. THE GUILFORD COLLEGIAN.

INAUGURAL ADDRESS AT THE OPENING OF GUILFORD 'COLLEGE, 5TH MONTH 31ST, 1888.

BY L. LYNDON HOBBS.

To the Board of Trustees and Friends: Relying upon the co-operation

In accepting the position as first of men and women thus commit-

President of Guilford College, I ted to their work, and upon the desire to express my sense of support of a Board of Trustees gratitude to the Board of Trustees who have given their time, their for the confidence thus shown me, money, and their prayers for the and for t h e honor conferred. welfare of this Institution in the

While I recognize the grave re past, and who are now manifest- sponsibility which is placed upon ing a still warmer zeal in their de- my shoulders, I am happy in the votion to the interests of Guilford belief that I accept the charge College, I look forward with hope with humility, and in the fear of and with courage to the task lying God, knowing full well that with before us the added responsibility will come It was our hope that Guilford added strength for serving my fel- College should weigh anchor and low-men in the cause of educa- set sail under a pilot who has tion. We can only be our best breasted many a storm, and who, when we are engaged about our in the hour of danger, and in a

Father's business; and while I calm sea, has ever been found to have not sought the headship of be true. But since he who has this Institution, since it has fallen served with distinguished ability to my lot, I accept it as a divine and great faithfulness as Principal commission, and pray to be found for the last four years of the faithful in the discharge of my du- School's history as a School, is ties, in order best to promote the called by duty to himself and the success of the Institution in its cause of Science to resume his grand mission of disseminating labor for Earlham College, we sound learning and moulding still with faith commit our ship to Christian character. the waves, asking " wisdom of

I rejoice still more in the confi- Him who giveth to all men liber- dence which I have that every ally and upbraideth not." member of the Faculty enters Having been closely associated upon his service with a like feeling with Professor Moore in this of responsibility, ready to sacri- School for four years, I wish to fice self, if need be, for the pro- express for him thus publicly a motion of the cause for which profound admiration and love, for

Guilford College is to exist. the inspiration of his godly walk THE GUILFORD COLLEGIAN. amongst us, for his gentility and but far to the contrary, giving hon- his courage shown by word and or to whom honor is due, holding by deed, and for his wise devotion the Institution to be in its entirety to the cause of education in the —as in reality it is — a mission of highest and best sense of the love to our fellow-men. word—the development of Chris- I beg to insist upon this inter-

tian manhood and womanhood. I pretation of the concern which esteem it one of the great bless- lay heavily upon the hearts of ings of my life to have been thus God-fearing men and women, associated with so noble an exam- who, more than fifty years ago, ple of Christian scholarship. As in the midst of discouragements he leaves us now, and returns to within and without, founded this the college which he was largely School; and I take this public op- instrumental in founding, and ro portunity to press upon every which he has given the best years member of the Board of Trustees of his life, we give him the warm- and Faculty the dignity and the est words of friendship and love sancity of our calling. that our hearts can express, with What have been the main fac- the prayer, that the peace of God tors in this School's history that

go with him and his. have gained for it its reputation On this day the history of the for thoroughness of instruction, school under the charter of New and for the high moral character

Garden Boarding School is finish- of its pupils? I enumerate four, ed. It appears proper, therefore, viz:

to make some allusion to its work 1. The retirement of our situa- in the fifty one years thus ended. tion.

I wish first of all distinctly to say, 2. The ability, devotion, and that from its beginning to its end, wisdom of the Board of Trustees.

it has been nominally and in fact 3. The advanced Scholarship a Christian Institution, and that and Christian character of the

its success is to be attributed to Instructors.

the efforts of godly men and 4. The equal advantages offered women as they have been led by to both sexes.

the spirit of God in its establish- I wish to dwell for a moment ment and in its management. If upon the first two and upon the this statement of fact be properly last of these elements of strength.

kept in mind, we can speak of the I consider the worst thing for in- elements of strength and great- tellectual cultivation to be a sys- ness in the School's history with- tem of haste, in which a method out in the least incurring the of cramming must be resorted to, charge of arrogance or self-praise; in order to appear to have clone a THE GUILFORD COLLEGIAN. certain amount of work, and thus dwell a moment in commemora- to have attained to a certain stan- tion of those who rest from their dard of mental development. labors, and whose works do fol- It is a law of God, apparent in low them, repeating at this great all nature, that the most delicate event in the history of the insti- and highly organized beings re- tution to which they were devoted, quire the longest time for their the names of Jeremiah Hubbard, maturity. Man, considered as who was the first to propose in one of the animal kingdom, has the Yearly Meeting of 1830, the the most perfect bodily develop- establishment of a school; of ment; and is the longest in ac- Nathan Hunt, who by his elo- quiring his bodily growth. The quence and zeal wielded a power- mind of man is the most finished ful influence at home and abroad and the most delicate piece of for its founding; of Dougan and workmanship of which we have Asenith Clark, the first Superin- any knowledge. In all other tendent and Matron, whose con-

kinds of work, therefore, haste, secrated lives bore a savor of life bustle, and a-good-enough-to-do to many a soul in this and other method can be tolerated more States; of Abigail Hunt Stanley

safely than in the training and whose queenly bearing is still re- cultivation of the minds of the membered and spoken of with young. Here you cannot force great admiration; of John Rus- growth except at the greatest sell, whose superior intelligence possible peril- The quietness and excellency of character in- and restfulness of our location, spired to higher aims and a purer in addition to being free from life, —the memory of all of whom allurements to idleness and vice, and of many more who labored

favor in a very high degree steady hand in hand with them is hal-

work and 'normal growth. • lowed by this day's preceedings The founding of the School —whose zeal and Christian in- was, in the very outset, the work tegrity led Jacob Green, a noted of those who took a broad view minister of the Gospel from Ire- of education in general; and who land, at a meeting of the Board adopted a plan of building and of Trustees in 1839, to utter these equipment far in advance of their prophetic words': "This Institu- age, and then labored with an tion will do good to your children's

energy and a unity of purpose in children. It is the Lord's work,

carrying it out worthy of our imi- and will prosper in your hands." tation. In thus reviewing their This School has differed in one

work, it surely cannot be out of respect from all Institutions of

harmony with the occasion to like rank in the State; that is its —

THE GUILFORD COLLEGIAN. 5 recognition of the equal needs and the natural outgrowth of the rights of both sexes in any system School's prosperity, which has of education, and the pursuit of the thus foreshadowed a larger and same course of stud)' by young more fruitful field of usefulness, men and young women. Besides the consummation of a grand des- offering to girls the same advan- tiny to occupy a place unfilled by tages in instruction in every de- any other institution in the South. partment of our curriculum, by No spirit of sectarianism, or ex- this system of education we secure clusiveness can satisfy a God-giv- the best results in intellectual de- en impulse to go outside of our- velopment, in refinement of man- selves, to enter upon a mission to ners, and in discipline. the world about us. Take from our School the young (i.) By a comparison of the ladies, who inspire by their pres- number of pupils in attendance ence and by their work, and you from year to year for the last de- deprive us of a powerful factor for cade, we note the following figures: good in the School and in the Col- Number in attendance in 1877,65, lege. Both sexes are necessary next year 80, the following 96, in a family for the highest and next year 99; in 1884, 122; 1885, purest enjoyment of family life; 137; next year 144, the following, and both sexes are necessary in a 164, the year now ending 156 with School or College for the highest the highest average attendance in and purest intellectual and spirit- the School's history. ual life. (2.) In 1878, we had one build- In Guilford College, all these ing only; which, therefore, had to factors will have their place; and serve as ageneral collection room,

it is our purpose to give more furnish class rooms, Library, Dor- efficiency to each, — to render the mitories, and a dining room for grounds more attractive, maintain day students ; the teacher in charge a strong, progressive Board of of the collection room hearing a Managers and Faculty, and to of- class and keeping order among fer the same courses of study and the other pupils at the same time. the same instruction to both sexes. The house and all its furniture What chiefly has led to the es- were time-worn, having been in

tablishment of Guilford College ? constant service for many years. This is an important question, and The property, however, was clear

we may properly give it some of debt. Through the efforts of consideration. The change can- Francis T. King, Dr. James Cary not be said to have been proposed Thomas and other Friends of the hastily, or to have been adopted Baltimore Association organized

with too little deliberation. It is at the close of the war to aid in THE GUILFORD COLLEGIAN. the education of the children of out has been patient and thorough. Friends whose fortunes had been Rut claiming, as we have, the un- ruined, the buildings and equip- pretentious title of Friends' School, ments are such as you now see. our work has not been generally The care which is here taken for known by thepublic,and by many lodging pupils in neatly furnished greatly underestimated, rooms arranged for health and The demands for collegiate in- comfort, the number and size of struction, which have thus for a our buildings, the excellent ar- number of years steadily grown rangement of King Hall for schol- upon our hands, our ample build- astic work, the large and efficient ings, new furniture, and increased of instructors, together with endowment, have paved the way corps [ the small charges on account of for a higher institution of learn-

endowment, would, if all these ing; and we have thus been led things were adequately known, to establish on this foundation,

soon render it necessary to en- laid by our forefathers, enlarged large our buildings to accommo- and adorned by the Christian lib— dete the pupils thus attracted. erality of our friends, among these

i (3.) Farmers are aware that academic groves, a College that

there is a limit to the profitable I shall offer an extended and care- production of wheat, pork, and fully prepared course of study to even butter in this country, simply young men and to young women; because our people can consume a College which, while holding

so much and no more. Our stom- fast to that which is good in the achs can digest a given amount, old, shall ever be ready to incor- and any excess is attended with porate the. fruits of the latest in- great risk. Such is not the case vestigations into our courses of in the supply of means or facili- stud}', and methods of instruction ties for an advanced education. and discipline. The more intellectual food you As in the past this School has supply, the greater will be the de- stood in the front rank among the mand for still more and for that schools in the State, having by its

which is higher. The appropria,- facilities, its situation, and the tion of mental nutriment increases profound scholarship of many of

the mind's digestive capacity. its instructors, gained a repu- Hence a well equipped college tation for thoroughness, and for will create a demand for its own inspiring a love of learning, we supplies. look forward to the work of the

4. Our course of study has, for College with confidence of greater many years, been an extensive success, and a larger field of use- one, and our work in carrying it fulness. THE GUILFORD COLLEGIAN.

We are not for a moment un- While we have from year to year mindful of the paramount impor- added many valuable books to tance of elementary instruction: our Library, we propose to create

and we wish it understood that a Library Fund, to which our we propose to do the most care- friends who wish to aid us in that ful and thorough w ork in field may contribute, with a view those branches which are prop- to making a collection of books erly called fundamental. man)/ times our present number, The ability to read with dis- so increasing the attractions to tinctness and ease, our own lan- men and women of scholarship, guage, and the power to express creating a center of learning, our thoughts with simplicity and which will of itself be a source of correctness either in written or inspiration, imparting a literary spoken discourse, may justly be tone and an air of intellectual regarded as secondary to nothing culture to the entire community. else in an English education; and We must not overlook the plans yet there is scarcely a branch of of the Trustees, alread}/ set on learning so sadly neglected in foot, to introduce in the manage- most schools as the proper teach- ment of the farm the best system of ing of English. I agriculture, and the improve- As the past has seen one build- ment of the land by raising grass

ing after another rise for the ac- i and cattle, thus increasing the

commodation of the School, it is present valuable dairy to supply

our purpose not to stand still, but the College with milk and butter; to go forward, adding to every in short, the making of the farm departmemt such facilities as shall a model in all respects, both as a be needed from time to time to source of profit and as object j an Guilford College a in lesson to pupils make model ; and to visitors. outfit, in situation, and in work. Add to this the improvement of We expect, in the near future, to these grounds so as to present a see a Science Hall added to the beautiful lawn with walks and number of our buildings, in which drives carefully kept, and we shall we shall have room for a larger have in our surroundings a pow- and more complete chemical lab- erful factor for good order, culti- oratory with •"very appliance nec- vated taste, and faithful work. essary for original investigation Lastly, it is our purpose to in- in Chemistry and theoretical crease our endowment to a hun- agriculture, and in which to place dred thousand, as a basis of per- and enlarge our museum of natu- manence and constant improve- ral history for illustration in ment, putting the Institution, with natural science. all its equipments, within the reach 8 THE GUILFORD COLLEGIAN. of rich and poor; operating the learning, and to live lives of purity whole as a grand mission to the and strength, —under the protec- youth of our land, within the walls tion of men and women who live of which all alike shall find a in the fear of God for the elevation hearty welcome and a healthy of their fellow-men. stimulus to pursue the paths of

IDEALS.

MARY A. ANDERSON, '88.

It does not take a Plutarch or the lightning, girts the globe, and an Herodotus to be impressed measures the heavens. with the progress of humanity. Grasped and tamed by the hand A mere glance at man in his of man, nature yields her strong- primeval state, when he roamed est forces to the sway of his the forests, wild and ignorant of mighty genius. his superiority to the beasts Divest man of his powers of around him, will at once reveal his thought, and he is no longer capacity lor perpetual advance- Sovereign, but sinks to the vulgar ment, and the relation of the finite level of the brute; yet he has not to the Infinite. reached such heights at a single bound, but with bleeding feet, " How'er the wheels of time go round We cannot wholly be discrowned, and dauntless courage, and a soul We bind in form, and hue and height, inspired with a lofty aim he has The finite with the Infinite, scaled the rugged cliffs toward And lifted on our shoulders bare, the eternal beyond. The races brea'.he an ampler air." The wonderful castle, in which See him at first in his hand to man lives, has five windows hand combat of life, with nothing through which the sun of reason at his service but his own muscu- dawns upon him: and thus awak- lar energy, then trace his history enin'g he perceives the touches of as his reason dawns and develops, pain of pleasure; watches the when he becomes a founder of succession of light and shadow; government, a builder of nations, listens to the sounds of harmony a moral reformer. or discord; discerns between the He rends the rocks, fells the bitter and the sweet, and wel- forests, tunnels the mountains, comes the perfume of roses. bridges chasms. He harnesses These sensations combine to give the river, plows the ocean, chains mental pictures or ideas. THE GUILFORD COLLEGIAN.

If you gaze at the reckless cur- ideal to those who have to deal rent, dashing headlong over the with the real, the actual routine precipice, the scene is imaged on of stern facts, with which they your eye, carried to your brain, must needs struggle for existence. and becomes an idea, but as you But when you find an aimless look you remember, your friend man, a man without a purpose,

who went down beneath the same, you will find a man who is un-

boisterous, foaming tide. worthy the name, one who is more Though years have passed, the beastly than manly. scene returns with awful vivid- They may reject the term, but ness. the truth remains.

Is not the remembered scene as It is not claimed that even the

truly an idea as the one which ! most etherial being could live on

your eyes now behold? sunbeams alone, and it is sure that

The term idea originally meant ! most lives are far enough from

seeingness. It signifies a clear that: yet it is equally impossible conception of both the abstract to sustain life without sunbeams.

and concrete with which we come It is maintained that every ra- in contact; but the mind does not tional being from the vagabond

here reach its ultimatum, but has to the millionaire, from the gross, powerto create and elaboratenew illiterate frontiersman to the most images above and beyond any refined and cultured theologian,, ever realized. has aq ideal of some kind toward Aristotle in speaking of paint- which he looks with longing gaze. ing, gave a clear definition of the True their standards are widely artist's ideal, when he said, "While separated: but take from each all

painting man like man they make i he admires and wishes to attain,

him fairer." In short an ideal is and are they not all brought at the mind's highest conception of once to a common level, and each

how things should be. ! beneath his former self? In the

! ideals of the two lies the differ-- "The type of perfect in the mind " ! ence between a Michael Angelo Can he in nature nowhere find."'

! and the ditch digger," between a The idea is the plan, the ideal Robert Fulton and a j raftsman. the aim. The idea the arrow, the The lives of those who have ideal the target. stood towering like mountain There are those who discard the peaks above j the surrounding term ideal, as if it belonged only world, are just so many grand to the Poet, the day-dreamer, and monuments witnessing to the the rich who have leisure, deny- power of the ideal and to the ing any practical benefit of the ! truth of the adage, "Make your IO THE GUILFORD COLLEGIAN. ideals and your ideals will make achievements are in direct pro- you." portion to the loftiness of his aims.

The great and good of all na- If this be true of individuals it is tions have ever been men and true also of nations. women, happy in the hot pursuit Knowing the ideals of a nation of their ever advancing ideal. you may read her past and pre- Look at the modest country dict her future career. maiden, who, fired with religious When Sparta's ideal was the zeal and the noble purpose of perfection of the physique, where saving her people, donned the was her parallel in feats of muscu- warrior's garb, and mounting her lar strength and activity? "Rome beautiful white steed, took com- sat upon her seven hills and ruled mand of the French army, and the world" because her ideal was led it to that victory which has a universal empire. immortalized the name of Joan Why was Athens the. birthplace of Arc. of the first philosophers of the See Demosthenes laboring to Globe, and Greece above all other strengthen his naturally weak nations, the home of such men as voice and to overcome his de- Socrates, Plato and Aristotle? fective articulation, by declaiming Because their ideal was intellec- amid the roar of the ocean, with tual sovereignty. pebbles under his tongue. His Since ideals shape the lives of ideal was power through elo- men and thus rule the destiny of quence, and the world has yet to nations, the importance of the produce his successful rival in the character of the influences brought whole field of oratory. to bear in their formation cannot Consider for a moment John be overestimated. These influ- Wickliff, herald of the Reforma- ences arc many and varied.

tion, who, when silenced at Ox- The mind is shaped by the im- ford for preaching against the pressions made by natural and gross errors of the church, with- artificial agencies, by the litera- drew, not to cease his labors but ture we read, the science we study, in retirement to produce the first and by the lives of those around complete English Bible, which, us. placed in their own hands, fed the For " no man liveth to himself hungry multitude and the pro- and no man dieth to himself."

duction of which was one of the "The mind grows by what it feeds greatest steps toward the purifica- upon." This being true, what will tion of the church and the free- develop all the energies of the don of the Gospel. soul and direct them to their

Thus it is shown that man's highest and truest ends? 1

THE GUILFORD COLLEGIAN. 1

Will intellectual culture alone God—but I say what few will dis- answer all demands and give the pute, that he was God's incarnated highest type of human character? ideal of a man." The mind has an emotional na- Then if we could comprehend ture which craves other nourish- Him completely, Christ to us ment than that which knowledge would lose His infinitude and re- alone can give. ligious advancement would have If culture proposes to develop a terminus.

man's nature in all its capacities Christ is the great " I am that I

to the highest perfection it must am," but what He is to us is meas- necessarily include the emotions ured by what we think of Him.

and affections, the Godward side As our ideal of Him is raised, of our nature. we gather new beauty, new great- Spiritual and intellectual cul- ness, new glory; and as the ture are not opposite forces striv- Christian world's ideal of Christ ing for supremacy, but coworkers, advances, discovering more of the and these wrought into one char- fullness of His being and charac- acter to the highest degree, would ter, the world's theologies will certainly give ideal perfection. approach and ever press toward

Said Dr. Holland, " I do not the infinitude of mercy, love, and say that Christ was God or not justice.

NEW GARDEN—HOW I HEARD OF IT.

Attempts to name the chief eras Rugby, that there is something in in a student's career are so old them that distinguishes them from that they would seem out of place all other Englishmen, they are in the young "COLLEGIAN;" but, thinking, of course, little of the requested by the Editor, the pres- dates of coming or of going, and ent writer ventures to say that much of the results of being there. men who have forgotten much But the old boy will know the else find it easy to recall the dates dates, though he cannot remem- that measure their connection with ber some of the people who helped the away-from-home schools they him to his development. One may have attended. When they may notice that he finds many say in of the old boys historical facts through search of who have personal recollections the well-equipped pockets that of Eton, or of Harrow, or of supported him when he first left 12 THE GUILFORD COLLEGIAN.

his home, and that he looks back headed cane (may he still deserve to the first packing of his trunk it) as being the handsomest man to decide for him at what time in Raleigh. The good words of France was an empire or Spain a his former school that he brought Republic. with him North are, therefore,

Though it was as Principal quite unimpeachable. He it was rather than as student that the who once (this may prompt him, writer first went to New Garden, if he be still alive, to send me a he was not very old when he went, letter of indignant denial) referred and he must have carried with him to Hector with affectionate ap- some of the genuineness of a boy. proval as the Trope of the Ha-

He has since travelled less or jans; out of whom it was scanda- more, according to the basis of lously reported by certain sons of comparison, crossing the Atlantic Beiial who enjoyed his genial several times; but that journey in laughter over their lies, that hav- July, 1867, was of greater interest ing glanced carelessly at the title to him than any since made. His of Horace's ode to Mount Soracte, first knowledge of New Garden he made his translation under the had come to him during the war. impression that the verses were The father of a New Garden boy addressed to Socrates, with so had recklessly handed him, in great consistency and appropri- Richmond, Va., thousands of dol- ateness that the Commentators lars, and told him to go North to doubted for a time whether they school. When I met the boy his had not themselves been in error. Confederate money had dwindled The third man who dodged the a good deal into greenbacks, but pickets that he might come and his liking for New Garden and his talk of his school, now bears wit- admiration of Dr. Mendenhall, not ness of it in Constantinople. In at all. Two summers. back I came his official capacity as an office upon him among the Catskill warrior of the Confederate army Mountains, perfectly gray as to he had matched his pen against his hair, perfectly ruddy of face, such swords as might present perfectly round and sound ofbody, themselves between Greensboro and in his testimony in favor of and Philadelpha, and came safely New Garden. on to praise the Doctor. From

A year or two later another man this warrior I have, since my days came through the lines, wearing at New Garden, received two tele- a three-hundred-dollar hat. To grams. Wiien he sent the first he him when, some years afterwards, was one of the Professors in the he was a State Senator, the ladies State University, then are said to have voted a gold at Baton Rouo-e. It was when —

THE GUILFORD COLLEGIAN. 13 the late Khedive of Egypt was Avenue, which had come to un- so ambitious and so reckless in derstand (the restaurant, at any expenditure that his accounts are rate) that Matthew Arnold's lec- still unadjusted. Though he him- ture on Emerson had not secured self has been; and several of the his approbation. Emerson had, professors had been called from in 1868, with his own hand dipped the Louisiana University to take for him a cup of water from charge of the Egyptian troops, Thorean's Spring—or from a reorganize them, and teach them spring from which Emerson as- how to be neatly thrashed (as sured him Thorean often drank they were) by the Abyssinians. thereby assuring his backing

Under these circumstances it was against any aggressive English- that the present Secretary of Le- man; and it may have been be- gation sent to me a long telegram cause he was too intently plotting informing me of my fitness to suc- the discomfiture of Arnold that ceed at Baton Rouge one of those he was forced to telegraph me brave men, and to die of yellow that he had been run over in the fever. The expense of sending street, had received severe inju- in reply a telegram which should ries, and that I must hold myself express my proper appreciation in readiness to come to him at a of the office tendered, my confi- moment's notice. His present dence in my adaptation for the occupation with the diplomatic vacant chair of any average Turk is reassuring proof that the Egyptian warrior, and my hesita- accident did not result in my be- tion to fill it so long as the fever coming the executor of his grudge might be lurking under it, amount- against Arnold. It was through ed to a sum greater than certain these three—the hearty man, and of those heroes have ever been the handsome man, and the diplo- able to extract from the Egyptian matist—that I gathered my first treasury. knowledge of New Garden; and The second telegram from the they were all of them believers Secretary came but five or six in their School and in the Prin- years ago. He was then in New cipal (Dr. M.) under whom they York, and haunted for his meals had trained. an Italian restaurant on Third S. C. Collins. — —

H THE GUILFORD COLLEGIAN.

Mary E. Mendenhall, one of mausoleum for the Russian Prin- the members of the College Fac- cess Elizabeth, who died in 1845. ulty, who is spending this year in The chapel is in the form of a Europe, is now in Florence, Italy, Greek cross, 90 feet in height, and having spent some time in Eng- richly decorated. It is covered land, Germany and Switzerland. by one large and four small domes,

Her many friends here anxiously all gilded. The interior is entirely await her return in the Spring. of marble. The dome contains In a letter written from Ger- a circle of angels, the four many in the latter part of Septem- Prophets and four Evangelists. ber, she says: "I have just seen On the north side of the chapel the first Indian corn since leaving is the recumbent figure of the home, and it was in silk. I am Princess in white marble resting pleased with Germany and do not on a sarcophagus. On the south wonder that the people love their side are two handsome pillars of

Father-land. Wiesbaden i s a Grecian marble, and a large beautiful city, more like an Amer- bronze and glass door through ican city than any other I have which a fine view of the city is seen. There are about 55,000 in- obtained—the colored glass giv- habitants and 60,000 persons visit ing it the appearance of a golden the city every year. I visited the city. It is beautiful to look at."

little Greek chapel erected as a Guilford College. M. P.

SELECTIONS.

Intellectual pleasures are a no- The reasoning that I oppose bler kind than any other. They starts from the low and false doc- belong to things of the highest trine thatinstruction serves only order. They are the inclinations for practical use that is made of it. of heaven, and entertainment of The poor man should be ignorant, the Deity. for education and knowledge are useless to him. Blasphemy, gen- To be a healthy influence in the tlemen! the culture of the mind home and minister to its life, and the soul are duties for every growth, and purity—this is a great man. They are not simply orna- work. To be a promoter of every ments. They are things as sacred good work within our reach; to as religion. Renan. invest a life wisely and profitably; to touch other lives kindly and All education must be moral first; helpfully—this is a great work. intellectual secondarily. Raskin. :

THE GUILFORD COLLEGIAN. 15

give our readers an idea of the Xhe (scuilford oollepiaa. o character of the work done in the PUBLISHED MONTHLY BY THE various departments of the Col- LITERARY SOCIETES lege; and to publish short per- Of Guilford College. sonals and such local and general

news as will be of interest to all DECEMBER, 1888. friends of the institution. The Collegian will also con-

. . '89. Editok, . . ROBERT C. ROOT, tain in each issue one or more Financial Manager, . .JOS. MOORE LEE, '91. STAFF valuable articles Marion W. Darden. '92, Personal. from prominent J Richard Kennedy, '90, Locals Campbell White, '90, Literary. men and educators of this and other States. These articles will Terms: $i.oo per annum in advance. treat mainly of educational topics, Club Rates: Six copies, $5.00. and hence will be of special value to those who are laboring for the The Collegian is entered at the New Garden Post Office as second class matter. promotion of education in our State. Our readers may be assured we Assisted by a staff fully compe- do not lightly regard the respon- tent to maintain a high standard sibilities devolving upon us on of excellence in their respective being called to the editorial man- departments, we intend to make agement of The Guilford Col- The Collegian worthy of liberal legian. while And standing at patronage and a credit to the hon- the helm as The COLLEGIAN is ored institution whence it comes. launched upon the tempestuous Gratefully acknowledging the sea of journalism, we will stoutly many kind and encouraging words endeavor to avoid the shoals of from our friends, our best efforts egotism, to clear the strands of will be given to merit the confi- cynical criticism, and shun the dence thus shown. hidden rocks and sunken wrecks of mental dissipation. As the approaching vacation Our cause is the cause of hu- and date of opening next term manity. Our object the promotion would prevent issuing The COL- of education. And to that end, LEGIAN until late in January, we we shall seek to promote the va- have decided to issue the second ried interests of Guilford College; number the first of February. to foster the spirit of literary com- Our sixth number will thus be position and research among the issued at the close of the present students and increase their love school year—the first of next June. of "the true, the beautiful By this arrangement the sixth and the good" in literature; to number, in addition to other valu- —

\6 THE GUILFORD COLLEGIAN.

able matter, will contain a review the entire address, cannot fail to of Our next Annual Commence- inspire hope and confidence in the ment. succes of Guilford College.

It is with pleasure we announce The Collegian does not over- that men of such marked ability look the advantages derived from as Judge Robt. P. Dick, Greens- physical training in school and boro, Dr. Dougan Clark, of Ear-1-

college life ; neither does it under- ham College, Prof. Samuel C. estimate the value of rigid and Collins, Chappaqua, N. Y., Prof. thorough intellectual discipline. VV. A. Blair, Winston, have prom- It is eminently proper, both in ised articles for future numbers of school and college, for students The Collegian. We also have to be taught how to maintain good other prominent names in pros- health and develop a fine physique. pect. It is the business of the teacher and In the February number we ex- Professor to place the stores of pect to begin a series of articles wisdom within the grasp of the that will include the history of student and to develop, carefully New Garden Boarding School, and properly, h i s intellectual reminiscences by former officers powers; but simply to have de- and students, and biographical veloped his intellect is to have woe- sketches. Some of these articles fully failed of attaining the true are already in our hands, and we end of education. cordially invite those with whom The fruit of this one-sided train- we may not be in correspondence ing is too often seen in a species to contribute articles on these of intellectual brilliancy accom- topics. panied by immorality of character. To all of our friends, and "These things ought not so to be." especially those who were not And happily for the good of hu- privileged to be present at the manity, this progressive age is inauguration of Guilford College, demanding of its most favored The Collegian commends the ones something grander than inaugural address of President physical vigor or brilliant intel-

L. L. Hobbs, found in this issue. lects. It is character that is want- The just tribute to our late Prin- ed—character based on Christian cipal, Prof. Moore, will find a faith. And were these no de- hearty response in the hearts of mand of this nature, The COL- all who had the privilege of be- LEGIAN insists that character coming acquainted with" him. building—full and symmetrical And the high tone of christian is, and ought to be the prime end spirit and scholarship pervading of education. THE GUILFORD COLLEGIAN. 17

E?EI^SONALiS. Goldsboro, with the same energy displayed while here. MARION W. DARDEN. '^W. M. Hammond, '87, is one of Achsah Cox '88, is taking the the editors of the University Mag- Normal course at Westtown, Pa. azine at Chapel Hill.

is study- J Thomas J Stanley, '87, Lucius A. Ward, '86, who has ing medicine in Baltimore. since been to Earlham College, is

"Frank Woody is attending the now teaching at East Bend, N. C. University at Columbia, Missouri. Ida Vail, a student here a few

'' William C. Benbow is studying years ago, is in Philadelphia, to be a machinist at Lynn, Mass. studying phonography and elocu- tion. "'David H. Blair is taking a course Howard K. Edgerton, a student of study at Haverford College. here quite a while, is at present in John Hodgin, class of '87, clerks the medical department at the at Fort Grant, Arizona, and is also Vanderbilt University, Nashville, assistant postmaster. Tenn. Eugene M. Armfield, '86, has Eugene Cole is now at home. been elected cashier of the High He has been pursuing a course of Point Bank. civil engineering at Vanderbilt first J. Elwood Cox was the sub- University. scriber to The Guilford Col- a Prof. S. C. Collins, who was legian. Principal here from '67 to '70, is Joe M. Dixon expects to enter \ now Principal of the Chappaqua

! the Senior class, at Guilford Col- Mountain Institute, , lege, next term. J Pendleton King, who succeeded

~ George Edward Petty, '87, is Prof. Collins, is Secretary of Le-

still pursuing his studies at the ' gation in Constantinople.

State University. Laura E. Davidson, '88, has a

- Mary E. Ballinger, '88, is im- school at Gibsonville and finds it parting wisdom to the youths of not an easy task to teach the Bowers, Va. "young ideas how to shoot."

Dr. L^ F. C. Garvin, who was a J. E. White is attending school satisfactory student here in '58, is at Belvidere Academy and has a prominent physician of Lons- remained near home this year, on

dale, R. I. account of his father's ill health.

David R. Overman is working "Walter Petty, one of New Gar-

on the farm, at his home near den's former students, is chief en- i8 THE GUILFORD COLLEGIAN.

gineer in a cotton seed oil factory William Futrell and Nellie at Savannah, Ga. Hammond, who were married in August, have been spending some J. Edward Walker, a student time in Philadelphia where he is here previous to the war, is secre- studying law. is on a tary and treasurer of the Powha- She now visit to his friends in Northamp- tan Manufacturing Co., at Ran- dleman. ton county and is expecting to spend the holidays with her pa- Augustine W. Blair and his sis- rents at Archdale. ter" Ruth, both of '88, are teach- ing the youth of Randolph county. John Carter, Superintendent of They are located at Archdale, the school in 1864-5-and 6, now N. C. residing at , Kansas,

Mary A. Anderson, '88, is teach- though in his eighty-eighth year, ing a mission school at Ararat, is still "hale and hearty "and uni- Va. We hear she finds quite a versally beloved and known as " contrast between the life of a mis- Uncle Johnny." sionary and that at a boarding Jacob V. Carter, a student in school. the earlier days of this Institution,

Those who were here in the is one of the most prominent mer- early history of this school, no chants of Garden City, Kansas. He has recently presented to the doubt remember D r . Dougan Clark, who was Principal a few College musium a nicely mounted years. He has been at Earlham Buffalo head. Thanks. several years and is now Professor Arthur Coffin ranks among the of Biblical Instruction. old students of this institution Mary E. Mendenhall, whose and is ever remembered as one of name has long been associated its staunch friends. He has met with New Garden Boarding School with much success and is now a and whose presence seems almost large real estate owner in Denni- indispensable to its well-being, is son, Texas. in spending this year Europe, and Ella Lee is spending her last at present is in Florence, Italy. session at Guilford College. In expects to ac- Cyrus Ballinger returned home early spring she her sister, Nannie Lee, in June. For three years past he company to Mexico. The latter is to fill has been in the general wholesale the position of matron at Friends' and retail business with his uncle mission, Matamoras, the place in El Paso, Texas. He likes filled by Laura A. Winston. Texas so well that he expects to now

return in the early spring. I Prof. Joseph Moore is now at THE GUILFORD COLLEGIAN. 19

Earlham College as Professor of Obituaries. Geology and Zoology and Cura- in the present session, tor of the Cabinet. His stay of Early the students of Guilford three years with us as Principal College ealled upon a sad, sad of New Garden Boarding School were mis- sion, none other than to follow won a very strong attachment the remains of Rose- L. Morris and we were loath to give him to its last resting place. She to- up. We are glad that the stu- gether with her mother and broth- dents at Earlham have his noble example continually before them, er moved to New Garden from Bloomingdale, Indiana, in the even if we are deprived thereby. summer of '87. After moving here she pursued the course of Jesse and Annie Benbow cele- study in this institution, and was brated their golden wedding on one of a class of fifteen in '88.

the 1 8th of October. They have lived at Oak Ridge ever since We are continually impressed with the thought that the Heaven- their marriage and are held in ly Gardener wants not only full high esteem by the community. bloom roses but also those just All the children were present on opening into bloom. This truth this occasion except the youngest was again verified when He called son. We are glad to say that Julia White Parker, and bade her pass through the valley and their oldest daughter is our much shadow of death. She had nearly beloved matron, Priscilla B. Hack- completed her nineteenth year, ney. but since her mother's death in '83, her responsibilities had been Our missionaries, Laura A. such as to develop a more woman- Winston and Julia Ballinger, who ly nature than that age would sug- have done such valuable and gest. Death to her was only a shadow, a portal through which noble work in Matamoras, Mex- she passed into the life elysian. ico, are expecting to return to their home and friends next sum- It is with sadness we chronicle death of Settle, of mer. Probably the former will the Judge Jack- sonville, Florida. He had not give her time to her native country left his summer home at Greens- and possibly the latter will return boro, N. C, when the pale faced to the work to which she is so messenger suddenly called him devoted. away from earth on the 1st inst. He was buried in Green Hill N Cemeteryat Greensboro. Florida Robert R. King, a student dur- and North Carolina have lost a ing the war, is a prominent citizen valuable man, and our sympathies of Greensboro and a successful, are extended to his family and lawyer. friends. 20 THE GUILFORD COLLEGIAN.

LCOGALS. The Yearly Meeting is having a fire-proof vault built as a place J. RICHARD KENNEDY. of security for valuable records; We shall endeavor to make the besides several other necessary locals as entertaining and instruc- buildings are being erected in tive as possible, and hope to give the vicinity. the old students and persons in- terested in Guilford College some- The College hopes soon to be thing of the happenings in Col- able to enlarge Archdale Hall. lege and the vicinity. Mrs. Wells, of Tennessee, an There has been marked im- organizer of the W. C. T. U., provement in the College farm spoke at the College on the sub- since the beginning of this term, ject of Prohibition, November 5th. appreciated and ere long we expect to see it Her remarks were by one among the finest in the Pied- many, while some no doubt would mont section. have preferred hearing Senator Vance or Judge Settle. Nearly another five months are The Websterian Society gave numbered with the past, and soon their entertainment, Oct. 20th. this term will terminate with a The program was well arranged literary given by the Brightonian and executed, and was enjoyed by Society. Already some of the a large and appreciative audience. inmates of Archdale Hall are looking toward Founder's with Foot-ball, base-ball, tennis, and longing eyes, and making arrange- marbles have each claimed atten- ments for that eventful occasion. tion here this term. We do not see why the boys do not organize The lecture of Prof. Jones, on an Athletic Association and carry "The Complete Man," was largely on these exercises more system- attended, and much appreciated. atically. If American students would take the advice of Prof. Jones, that is Several of the young ladies from stop smoking, drinking, and other the Greensboro Female College injurious habits, what a glorious have visited us this term, and even people we would be in a quarter as sedate as some of our boys are, of a century. they could not but cast a wistful glance down the avenue as they Mrs. Woody, President of the disappeared toward the " City of North Carolina W. C. T. U., at- Flowers." tended the National Convention at New York, and reported a The medal and unabridged dic- pleasant time and much good ac- tionary, given respectively by the complished. Clay and Websterian Societies, THE GUILFORD COLLEGIAN. 21 for most improvement in debate, ment, and the execution of the are calling forth some earnest entire program. work on the part of the members. Guilford College is no longer an The Clay also gives an orator's experiment, but is a pronounced medal. success. She has enrolled one Marked is being improvement hundred and fifty students, repre- made in the campus and village. senting nine States, Canada and Some new streets are being open- Holland. All honor to President ed up, Dr. Roberson is remodeling llobbs and the noble corps of his dwelling, and the Richmond teachers who have labored so R. R., solicitous & Danville ever faithfully for the up-building of for the welfare of the travelling this institution. public, have built a neat little And it bodes wellfor the future depot at the station. of the College that so earnest Mrs. Howard at the Greens- a spirit of work is found among horo Book S^ore, has a complete the students as well as in the Fac- line of holiday goods, such as ulty. In every department there

Pictures, Mirrors, Easels, Baskets, is evidence of increasing interest etc., etc. Bibles in plain and fine and advancement. " Onward and bindings. Something new in Pho- upward" is the watchword. tograph Albums, Games in great In politics, the students are variety, Gold Pens, Pencils, and about evenly divided among the Glove- buttoners, and many other three parties. things suitable for Christmas gifts. Thanksgiving day was duly ob- The libraries of the Societies served at the College. In the are being continually increased morning appropriate services were by purchases and donations, until conducted at King Hall by Mrs. each Society has a very creditable Woody, who gave an interesting collectiou of books. history of Thanksgiving Day. At noon the students conducted ser- If you want to present to your vices in the dining hall at Foun- friend a handsome book for Christ- der's. The tables were loaded mas, The Greensboro Store Book with delicious viands to which the is the place to buy it. students did ample justice. At The Philagorean entertainment three o'clock the Demorest con- on the 24th inst, was excellent, est was held at King Hall, Miss and every body pronounced it a Anna Peele being the successful complete success, and the young contestant. Then came the Social, ladies deserve much credit for the and the halls were thronged with suitable selections, the arrange- couples bent on enjoying the oc- —

22 THE GUILFORD COLLEGIAN. casion, until the delicious bi- lilWEI^AI^Y. valves our inspection. awaited CAMPUELL WHITE. Thus thanksgiving day was — It will be our endeavor to spent at Guilford College. May make this department an instruc- the Allwise Providence be blessed tive re view of the literary work and cherished in all the house- of our exchanges and of the col- holds throughout this broad land. lege world in general. Dike Book Co., Greensboro, op- —Our exchanges are not all in posite National Bank. Books and yet. Stationery, Xmas Cards, Pictures, —We congratulate the Trinity Bric-a-brac and Holiday Goods of Archive on its freshness, not only all kinds. Come early and make in contents, but also in appear- your holiday purchases before the ance. rush begins. — The University Magazine When visiting Greensboro be comes to us with some reminis- sure to call- on E. M. Caldcleugh, cences which must prove interest- headquarters for Santa Claus. We ing to those connected with the think it the duty of students who past history of the institution. It are interested in the welfare of pleases us to notice on the staff of the College, to patronize our ad- the magazine, a former student of vertisers. New Garden. One of the greatest events in It is pleasing to the history of foot-ball in North — note that among the best of our colleges is Carolina came off at Raleigh, growing a sentiment that con- Nov. 29th, between the Chapel demns cane rushes, hazing, Hill and Trinity College Clubs. and other barbarous ways Fortunately, we have roamed the of showing class feeling. are glad to say hills of Trinity, and know some- We that there has been no thing of the kicking powers of the appearance of anything of the kind at Trinity boys; therefore we were Guil- ford College. somewhat prepared to hear they were victorious, but it behooves —The College Message prints us to throw up our hat and hurrah an article on Physical Culture read for Trinity! Score, sixteen to before the Teachers' Assembly at nothing. Morehead, N. C, June 21st, 1888. Bargains in Holiday goods We are glad to see the girls inter- something to suit nearly every- esting themselves in this subject body's pocket. We have a large and, judging by our visitors from stock, and it must be sold. The original Racket Store, next door the Greensboro Female College, to Express office. would commend that institution —

THE GUILFORD COLLEGIAN. 23

for the interest it takes in the entitled " Manual" physical welfare of those entrusted prepared in accordance with a re-

to its care. solution of the General Assembly, by Edwin D. McGuinness, Secre- —The Railway Articles begun tary of State. It contains be- in Scribners Magazine for June sides the rules and regulations of are quite an exhaustive review 01 valuable the subject of Railroading". They the Assembly, some sta- tistics, interesting historical data, are to be continued next year with and biographical sketches, making articles on Railway Management, a very convenient by General E.P.Alexander, Pres- altogether book of reference. ident of the Central R. R., Railway Postal Service by Ex- —We extend the hand of greet- Post-Master-General Thomas L. ing to the Oak Leaf, as the first to James, and Railway Accidents by welcome us as an exchange. The W. S. Chaplin, Professor of En- October number lies before us a gineering in Harvard University. bright, nicely gotten up paper, Also articles on safety Appliances overflowing with the buoyancy of and kindred subjects by competent school-life and its experiences. writers. Among these the account of the excursion to Pilot Mountain call- The University Magazine gives ed to our mind many pleasant the proceedings of the first meet- memories of the scenery around ing of the Shakspere Club, Pilot. In the "Open Letter" to a held Sept. 12th, 1888. Subject, young man seeking employment " Two Gentlemen of Verona." It the "friend" shows what may be also gives some idea of the work expected by one wishing an easy done in the Club by the article place in life. " Macbeth " by Hayne Davis, Class of '88. We are great admirers of the of base-ball, but would ad- — It is said that figures never game writer to change his style lie. The following are at least vise the if he desires to be comprehended telling : individuals like our- "At the examination for admis- by ordinary sion to the Free College, New selves. York, seventy-eight per cent, of —We are glad to note the sub- the girls seeking admission passed stantial character of the books a creditable examination, while announced for the holidays, es- only forty-eight per cent, of boy pecially those for- the youth of applicants were able to enter." our land. Reading matter has College Message. come so in the reach of all, and —We are in receipt of a book has such an influence on all that — —

24 THE GUILFORD COLLEGIAN.

it behooves us to have a care as nate position in the development to what is placed in the reach of of man, and that the average man the rising generation. has not time for the acquirement of that technical knowledge ne- — The Wilmington Messenger cessary for the securement of a wishes to impress the people of livelihood, until is satisfied North Carolina with the necessity his higher demand fora broadercom- for the cultivation of State pride prehension of the world. in the minds of the young and rising generation, and urges as Some treasures are heavy with reasons for this that the State is human tears, as an illstored har- our protection, that it is the guar- vest with untimely rain. Rnskin. antee of our liberties, and that the love of State exalts the pride Men do not sing themselves into of patriotism. The North Caro- love or faith ; but they are incapa- ble of true song, till they love lina Historical Society is then do- and believe. Ibid. ing a good work in collecting and preserving facts concerning State history, together with biographi- DlI^EGTOI^Y. cal knowledge of her heroes and BRIGHTONIAN SOCIETY. patriots. President—Prof. E. 0. Perisho. Vice-President— — In this age, termed practical, Waltei Mendenhall, Secretary—Nellie Anderson. when the value of all knowledge Treasurer—Lizzie Petty Librarian—Jessie Johnson. is reckoned in dollars and cents, Marshal—Byron White. it is gratifying to see that some PHILAGOREAN yet appreciate and uphold the SOCIETY. President—Zella McCnlloch. true aim of all true education. Vice-President.—Sue Hinshaw. In the October number of The Secretary—Nellie Anderson. As'tant Secretary.—Margaret I). Hockett. Earlhamite is. an article by Robt. Treasurer—Anna F. Petty. Librarian Marion W. Darden. L. Kelly, Ph. B.,'88., on Technical — Marshal—Rodema Hinshaw. Education in the Public Schools, WEBSTERIAN SOCIETY. in which occurs this definition of Piesident—Josephs. Moore. " education: It is that symmetri- Vice-President -William P. Ragan. cal development which makes Secretary—L. C. Van Noppen. Assistant Secretary—S. A. Hodgin. man in the image of God, not an Treasurer—Herman H. Woody. Librarian automatic machine for the accu- —Robt. H. Cronk. Marshal—R. II. Dillard. mulation of wealth." In this arti- CI.AYTONIAN cle he opposes the introduction of SOCIETY. President—John McDaniels. instruction in public Technical the Vice-President—J. M. Burrows. schools on the ground thattechni- Secretary—Edward Bain. Librarian—Walter Mendenhall. cal knowledge holds a subordi- Marshal—R. D. Robinson. Subscription, $1.00. 1889. Single Copies, 10 cents.

Vol. I. FEBRUARY. No. 2.

THE

PUBLISHED MONTHLY BY THE

* Liitiepapy §©Gietsie3 ©I Bidilf©Pd Gellege,

NEW GARDEN, N. C.

COlsTTIEIfcTrrS.

How Little We Know. Judge Eobert P. Dick 25 The Bible in Colleges. Dr. Dougan Clark 28 Democracy in the English Constitution. Rena G. Worth' 32 A Vacation in Charleston. * * * 35 Reminiscences. L. L. H '. 40 An Italian Villa. P. B. H 41 Selections 41 Editorials 42 Personals 44 Locals .- 46 Literary 48 Directory 49

Thomas Bros., Printers, Greensboro, N. C. ADVERTISEMENTS.

=3? t ILfORD COLLEGE

NEW GARDEN, GUILFORD COUNTY, N. 0.

New Buildings unci Equipments.

Three Courses of Study—Classical. Scientific and Latin Scientific.

Superior advantages in German, History and Literature.

Valuable Cabinet and Libraries accessible to students. Field Work in Surveying.

Excellent advantages in Book-keeping and Normal Instruction.

Location 1,000 feet above sea-level and noted for healthfulness.

Moral and Religious influences °-ood.

Students last year from eleven States and from Canada. Prices moderate.

Fall Term begins August 15, 1889.

Catalogue and other information, address

L. LYNDON HOBBS, President,

Or JOHN W. WOODY, Treasurer. The Guilford Collegian.

Vol. I. FEBRUARY, 1889. No. 2

HOW LITTLE WE KNOW.

Judge Dick accepted an invita- peror; and they were fascinated tion to deliver an address before with the regal pomp and magnifi- the Friend's School at New Gar- cence of his court life, and with den at the Commencement in May, the splendid works of art with 1887. with which he had adorned Paris, The address was prepared, but and his numerous sumptuous was not delivered on account of palaces. severe illness. The subject is For nearly fifty years he had "How Little We Know." The kept Europe in an almost contin- Judge has kindly consented to uous state of war, and had deso- furnish us extracts for publication lated France and other lands with in the GuilfordCollegian, and ruin and carnage. He had been we publish in this number of our an absolute, cruel and oppressive magazine the introductory pages. monarch; and without remorse

j had sacrificed the lives and for- tunes of his people in the terrible of his i wars insatiate ambition. My Respected Audience: During the earlier parts of his We are informed thatMassillon, reign his great marshals had won the great French pulpit orator, in many splendid victories that added the opening words of his funeral to the military glory of France. oration at the obsequies of Louis The closing years of his life were XIV. in the church of Notre Dame, clouded with financial embarrass- thrilled the hearts of his hearers ments, defeats and disasters, that with more profound emotions filled all the homes of his people than had ever before been pro- with poverty, gloom and sorrow. duced in a French audience. But when he was dead, the peo- The French people were very ple seemed to forget all of his proud of the brilliant military cruelties and crimes, and their achievements of their grand em- own misfortunes and sorrows, and ;

26 THE GUILFORD COLLEGIAN remembered him only as Louis le than human greatness, power and Grand— their magnificient emper- glory. or, and immense crowds of citi- The grand truth so eloquently zens, nobles, statesmen, judges, announced, under such solemn savants and military heroes as- and imposing circumstances, by sembled in the stately old cathe- the great French divine will be dral of Notre Dame to show ap- the focal point of this address. propriate honors to their dead In the dominion of the universe sovereign, with a funeral pageant so illimitable to human compre- that had never been surpassed in hension; in the vast regions of costly, ostenatious and gorgeous earth; in the grand drama of pomp and splendor. human history in which so many The deep-toned organ had sent nations and races have been actors the rich and solemn tones of the and in accurate knowledge of the funeral dirge swelling in weeping physical structure, and the intel- melodies through the draped aisles lectual, moral and spiritual nature and lofty arches of the vast cathe- of individual man, "God alone is dral, and hushed the crowded au- great." Great in knowledge, wis- dience into almost breathless sil- dom, power, goodness and holi- ence; when Massillon arose and ness. slowly surveyed the profoundly Before considering my subject attentive assembly, and then for a in the order that I have briefly in- few moments looked down upon dicated, I will refer to an opinion the richly gilded, embossed and expressed by Sir Isaac Newton as jewelled coffin of the dead king, to his own capacity, knowledge encircled with emblems of his and wisdom. In some respects he glory, and trophies of his triumphs: was the most intellectual, learned said in a voice as clear, softly and profound philosopher who solemn and musical as the notes of ever studied the laws of nature. the organ that had just hushed its His gigantic and inquisitive mind harmonies—"God alone is great." was not satisfied with exploring An electric thrill made every the fields of earth, but entered on heart almost cease its throbbings; the strong wings of thought the every eye glistened with tears; distant and limitless realms of the every bosom swelled with deep suns, the planets and stars. He emotions, and every one realized had talent and genius of the high- the great truth that a few solemn est order, and he improved his in- words had uttered; and all seem- tellectual faculties by patient and ed impressed with the adumbra- indefatigable culture; and he ac- tion of a presence mightier far cumulated, during his long life, ——

THE GUILFORD COLLEGIAN. 27 wondrous stores of knowledge. The limited knowledge which He was a devout philosopher, and man has acquired has been ar- in all of his researches and inves- ranged into systems of science tigations he fully recognized the which consist of classifications of grand truth that "God alone is only a few of the discovered great." With profound humility thoughts and purposes of God and reverence he said, "I am but for the laws of nature are the a child who has picked up a few thoughts, the purposes and the shells and pebbles on the strand will of the Divine Creator. while the whole ocean is to ex- Mankind have acquired some plore." knowledge that may be regarded

I will speak of the poverty of as certain, because it has been human knowledge in only a com- tested by patient induction and by parative sense. During the course frequent and accurate experiment; of the ages the human mind, en- but many of the theories of sci- lightened by divine revelation and ence are, as yet, only classifica- enriched by patient and laborious tions of probabilities. Physical research, has discovered many science has unfolded and explain- valuable truths in philosophy by ed many of the properties of mat- observing the dealings of God in ter, and arranged formulas for the the history of men and nations; operation of natural agents and and has also made great progress forces, but there are still many in exploring the vast and diversi- problems presented to our every fied fields of nature; but these ac- day contemplation which are un- quisitions of knowledge are com- solved, and many that are inca- paratively very insignificant when pable of solution— for the finite we consider how many mysteries mind cannot pass beyond the yet envelope the designs and pur- mysterious bounds of the infinite. poses of Divine Providence in the When we contemplate the rap- past and in the present; and how id advancement and wide expan- many familiar things there are sion of human efforts within the around us in the natural world past centuries, in the proper do- which we cannot fully compre- mains of science, we can place hend. And how infinitely grand no limits to the explorations of and glorious is the edifice of the patient, laborious and earnest universe, which we behold with thought and careful experiment wonder—but which the imagina- except the indefinable boundary tion alone has entered and form- line of infinitude. ed its plausible theories and con- God created the earth for the jectures. habitation of mankind, and has — —

28 THE GUILFORD COLLEGIAN. invested them with physical qual- When we compare the actual ities and energies, and with men- knowledge of mankind with what tal and moral faculties, that they may yet be known by patient in- might by searching find out some- vestigation, research and induc- thing of His manifold beneficences tion, and with the purposes which in the works of nature, and there- God has revealed in His word by become better, wiser and ho- and with His manifold works on lier, and be ever thankful for such earth and in the limitless re- abundant mercy and goodness. gions of His universal dominions, He placed the earth amidst the we may well suppose that even stars, that mankind, with reveren- the wisest of scholars and philos- tial awe, might contemplate the ophers, enriched with the most infinitude of His power and glo- exalted and extended acquire- ry, and thus elevate their aspira- ments, would readily and rever- ations and enlarge their capaci- ently concede that they had gath- ties for that immortal life sublime- ered only a few of the treasures ly foreshadowed in prophecy, but of truth into the limited store- seen only with the eyes of a fer- houses of human learning and vent faith in His promises. wisdom.

]

To be Co

THE BIBLE IN COLLEGES.

BY DOUGAN CLARK, M. D.

My remarks will have reference while I do not by any means un- to the English Bible only. So far dervalue Greek and Hebrew, as the Friends' Church is con- and while I do not doubt that cerned, probably not more than there will always be a place, and one in three hundred of its mem- that an important place, for Chris- bers can read with facility the tian scholarship—and while I Greek Testament. Probably not hope that our own church will more than one in three thousand always have, as it has to-day, of its members can read with fa- representatives .among Christian cility the Hebrew Bible. Whether scholars, who shall be, as they in the future the proportion here are to-day, the peers of those be- guessed at will become greater, longing to other churches—yet, or whether it will become less, the object of the present paper is

I am not prepared to predict. not to advocate the stud)- of the Such being'' the facts of the case Scriptures in the original tongues, THE GUILFORD COLLEGIAN. 29 but to promote if possible the ant of Latin, and knows nothing more thorough study and under- of the unspeakable force exerted standing of the Bible in the ver- by Roman history and Roman nacular in all our collegiate insti- ideas upon the civilization of the tutions. world, or upon one who could not

No doubt, there is already a give some intelligible account of great improvement in this respect the poets, orators, philosophers over the experience of a former and historians of Greece—how generation. We may well trust much more absurd is it to gradu- and believe that there are no ate men and women from our halls longer students in our colleges of learning, who are unacquainted who .would confound Saul of with the simplest facts of Bible Tarsus with Saul the first King history—-Bible doctrine—and of Israel —or who, if asked what Bible truth. it was that was uttered by Ba- For myself I should place the laam's Ass, would answer as one study of Scriptures, by all college is said to have clone, "Almost students, immeasurably above thou persuadest me to be a Chris- that of Greek and Roman classics, tian." And yetthereis very much vastly important as I esteem these room for still greater improve- also to be. If a man cannot know ment, and the amount of knowl- both the poems of Homer and edge of Bible history, as well as the Psalms of David, he should Bible doctrine possessed by the give the preference to the latter; majority of our college students if he cannot learn the epistles of and graduates, is even in our day Paul and the orations of Cicero, not a matter of boasting but a he had better give up the great matter rather of humiliation. orator than the great Apostle.

And yet if we regard the ques- The time is surely near at hand tion of education and scholarship if not already present, when no alone—apart from the tremendous person—male or female—can lay issues of eternity— it would be claim to a finished education, easy to show that a knowledge of without being able to show at the Holy Bible is essential to least a respectable knowledge of every one who can with any the Sacred Scriptures. justice lay claim to the honors of And this will be found neces- a college graduate. If we would sary, as already intimated, apart decline to give a diploma confer- from its religious influence, which ring the degree of Bachelor or notwithstanding is the great Master of Arts, or of Science, or of reason why all men should study Philosophy— to one who is ignor- God's word. It will be found —

3° THE GUILFORD COLLEGIAN. necessary in the ordinary pursuits that particular branch of study, of life — in all professions and and that particular subject of tui- calling's —for laymen in the pews, tion, his one pursuit. To attain as well as ministers in the pulpit. to the highest excellence the pro- The greatest statesmen—certain- fessor of Greek should teach Greek ly the greatest English-speaking only, and his personal duties statesmen—have been well ac- should be so directed as to secure quainted with the Bible. And for himself the broadest possible yet it has been recently asserted Greek culture. So also in Latin,

—and I fear with too much truth in German, in Mathematics, in that "no small number of men Psychology, in Chemistry, in graduate yearly from our colleges Natural History, and so also in who have less knowledge of the Bible teaching. Bible than have the children— of a Amongst the best helps for such mission Sunday School "and a course with which I am acquaint- this notwithstanding the fact that ed are, Smith's Old Testament the very high value of the Bible History, Smith's New Testament as a text-book in statesmanship, History, Geikie's Life of Christ, jurisprudence, morals, literature, Geikie's Hours With The Bible, history and religion is universally Geikie's Old Testament Charac- acknowledged. ters, and Conybeare and How- But how are these thoughts to son's Life and Epistles of Paul. be practicalized? I answer that For the class-recitations, and the study of Holy Scripture should for the students in general I would be made obligatory in every col- use only the first two of the above lege curriculum. Besides the named works; reserving the others regular International Sabbath for collateral reading by the The- lessons, every student should be ological class, to be mentioned af- required to prepare carefully for terwards. Thus the Freshmen at least one week-day Bible recita- class might study throughout their tion during the whole four years year the four gospels, or about of his college course. And for half of Smith's New Testament this purpose I believe it would be History, beginning at the birth of well for every college to have a Christ, learning also the names regular professorship of Biblical and general character of the Instruction. There would be de- Books of the New Testament, cided advantage, as I believe, in with the harmony of the four bio- having all the week-day Scrip- graphies of our Saviour. tural instruction under the care of The Sophomores might spend one professor, who should make a year with weekly recitations THE GUILFORD COLLEGIAN 3i

Pauls' upon the Acts and Epis- Such students as might wish to tles, studying the formation of the take this course, could recite with Christian Church, and the won- two or more of the general Script- great derful work of the Apostle ure classes, so as to finish the of the Gentiles, as depicted in the whole Bible in two years, besides latter half of Smith's New Testa- which they might take a daily ment History, of course always recitation in Field's Hand Book with Bible in hand, and verifying of Christian Theology, or Potts' all the scripture references. Faith Made Easy, or if they are

The Juniors would be well em- able to grasp it, Van Oosterzee's ployed for a year on the Penta- Christian Dogmatics, alternate- teuch and Joshua, the first half of ly with a recitation in Kurtz's Smith's Old Testament History, Church History, and so have a and the Seniors on the period of two year's course in these import- the monarchy and the Prophets ant branches, while at the same or the second half of the same time they might take any study excellent work. to which they are inclined in the Moreover, since the Friends' general curriculum, such as Rheto- Church has no regular Theo- ric, Logic, English Literature, logical School, and the great ma- Elocution, or Psychology. They jority of our young men who go should also use the books above to Theological Schools of other mentioned as collateral readings. denominations are finally sepa- On some such plan as here rated from us, I think there sketched, which of course would ought to be given, in every Qua- be subject to modification accord- ker College, an opportunity for ing to circumstances, and the special instruction in Scripture tastes and purposes of the Pro- and in Theology, by a well quali- I feS sor, I believe incalculable good fied professor, to such as are called j might be done to our rising gen- to the ministry or to missionary eration of both sexes, in the way work, or to any who for any cause Q f Scriptural and Theological in- may desire such a course. This struction. class might without difficulty, be Richmond, Ind. attended to by the Biblical Pro fessor proper. 32 THE GUILFORD COLLEGIAN.

DEMOCRACY IN THE ENGLISH CONSTITUTION.

RENA G. WORTH, '89.

Democracy in England is co- [ to exercise a vast influence on the eval with the origin of the Con- [future nation, was the principle of stitution. is not to it representation. That say j Every freeman has been a constantly growing ' had a right to vote in the general element in English government, assembly. Kingship grew up in j but its spirit has lingered through England as a natural sequence. all the changes in the Constitu- Conquest begat the king. Lead- tion. The spirit of England's so- ers of war were promoted and cial and political life was taken to followed; military eventually her by her Teutonic conquerors. grew into political power. From German life and German institu- the of Saxon days, tions were transplanted from their which was an assembly of the native home to British soil, there wise, noble and great men, has to flourish and bring forth -fruit of sprungthe present House of Lords. a more enduring kind. "It was The feudal system, giving nobles not as mere pirates or stray war- almost unlimited power over per- bands, but as peoples already sons and property, was establish- made," that left their German ed in England at the beginning home-land for the conquest of of William the Conqueror's reign.

Britain. Romans and Saxons Henry I, ruling from 1 100 to 1 135, were alike driven from British gave to the their borders, and petty German king- first charter of liberties. The doms established throughout the church was freed from unjust ex- island. actions, and the rights of tenants Finally, in 827, A. D., these and vassals specially guarded. kingdoms were united by king The principal step towards liberty Egbert into one nation. This taken in the time of Henry II, union marks the beginning of the was the establishment of the ju- English Monarchy. The Teu- diciary system, giving to an offend-

tonic Constitution has changed its er the right of trial by jury.

form from age to age, but its ele- Because of the oppressions of ments remain almost wholly the the feudal system there was ex-

same. In the village moot of the torted from king John, in 121 5, early Englishmen lay the Par- the Magna Charta, "the grand liament of to-day. One princi- summing up of all the cherished ple, destined in civil organization liberties of Englishmen." Henry THE GUILFORD COLLLGIAN. 33

III. attempted to overthrow this levied except by consent of the charter. He would swear at one people. The reign ofEdward II. moment to preserve inviolate the saw the power of the populace so provisions of the charter, and the increased that the king for ills next, when his wants had been misrule was deposed. While the supplied, would trample them mer- power of the king might have cilessly under foot. In 1258 a been great, that of the people crisis was reached; the barons was greater. "It could not only felt their power and revolted. make but unmake him who sat on Henry was powerless—he was in- the throne." The succeeding deed reigning, but he did not rule- reign witnessed the partial eman- A commission of twenty-four bar- cipation of the church from the

ons was appointed to act in behalf power of Rome ; freedom of of the realm. The kingdom was thought and of speech advanced at the disposal of these barons, beyond their former limit. For and its ablest man was Simon De England were secured her most Montfort. "In a parliament sum- brilliant achievements in war. moned by Montfort at Westmin- Edward III. "quartered the lilies ster in 1265, he invited represent- of France with the lions of Eng- atives of the people, two land." He won for his native land from each count}', two citizens her first great naval victory. from each city, and two burgesses During the reign of the sover- from each borough, to take their eign Richard II., one great stride seats side by side with prelates towares liberty was made—this and barons. This was the first time coming in the form of the House of Commons. As from peasant revolt, and resulting in the tyranny of John sprang the the emancipation of the serfs. A great charter, the corner-stone of second time the people asserted English liberty, so from the op- their ancient right, deposed the pression of Henry rose the House king, and gave the crown to Hen- of Commons, its bulwark and de- ry, Duke of Lancaster. A prop- fence." erty qualification cutting off all

Edward I., thirty years later, persons from voting for members endorsed the plan of Montfort, of the House of Commons, who thus permanently establishing in had not a yearly income of forty its two-fold form the English Par- shillings, was enacted by Parlia- liament. From the influence ment in Henry VI. 's reign. This brought to bear upon Edward by is known as the "Disfranchise- the barons, it was firmly estab- ment of Electors." It may be lished that no taxes could be said that the absolutism of the 34 THE GUILFORD COLLEGIAN. crown began in England with England such a place among the Henry VII. Vet his reign was nations as she had never held. one of peace and secured a strong But the policy of the nation is national unity. now divided; Charles II. is restor- England lost much of her for- ed to the throne; the Whig and mer political freedom at the ac- parties are organized. The cession of Henry VIII. A new Whigs were determined to limit nobility, dependent on the crown, the power of the crown, and the was created. The House of Lords to check the growing pow- was made less powerful by the er of the people. The third great removal of the abbots who had statute favoring constitutional lib- seats in it. Ecclesiastically, Eng- erty, viz: the Habeas Corpus act, land severed herself from the was passed during this reign. Pope and established a national William and Mary, as sover- religion, with the king as head of eigns, secure several acts perma- the Church. nently affecting the English Con- From 1640- 1660 was held the stitution. The Bill of Rights, Long Parliament, called byCharles which made standing armies in

I. On convening, the Parliament time of peace and levies of money decided not to adjourn except by without consent of Parliament its own consent. It abolished the unlawful, was signed by the king. , a court having orig- It also guaranteed the right of pe- inally for its object the punish- tition to the subject, and forbade ment of such crimes committed interferences with the laws on the by the great families, as the ordi- part of the king. The Act of nary laws could not deal with; Settlement excluded Catholics and likewise itabolished the Court forever from the throne. The of High Commission, by which close of this reign saw the peo- many Catholics were tortured and ple the chief ruling power. put to death. The union of England and Scot-

The whole of Charles I.'s reign land was completed during the was one continual struggle be- reign of Queen Anne, and the tween the king and the people. two were ruled by one power.

It ended in the supremacy of the Through George I. the cabinet people, since their power behead- had its origin, and George II. de- ed the king. The Commonwealth clared "The prime minister is under Cromwell now ensued, and king of England." The Corpor- England was ruled without a king ation and Test acts, passed in the and without a House of Lords. reign of Charles II., were repeal- Cromwell and his plans gave to ed in 1828. The year following THE GUILFORD COLLEGIAN. 35

was enacted the Catholic Eman- amend it by declaring against it. cipation Bill, placing Catholics on To-day the great body of Eng- an equality with Protestants, ex- lishmen have a right to vote.

cept they were not eligible to the Once it would have been a vio- throne or the chancellorship, the l.ition of the constitution for lord lieutenancy of Ireland, and the sovereign to be denied the to offices in Protestant Universi- veto power. Now, because of

ties. Because of the inequality the advanced Democratic ideas, of representation in Parliament, it is regarded as a violation for

the Reform Bill of 1832 was pass- the Queen to exercise it. The ed. This bill conferred on the obnoxious Corn laws, passed in

it 1 8 , liberal element a power had 1 5 under the present sovereign never known before. The admin- have been repealed. The dises- istration of English government, tablishment of the Irish church from 1837 to the present, has been was effected in 1871. This bill under Queen Victoria (or her placed all the religious sects on prime minister.) There was a the same level, making them de-

time in the history of the English I pendent on the voluntary contri- Constitution when the ruling sov- butions of the people for their ereign had the right to choose support. Liberty in the English

his own prime minister; but to- Constitution of to-day is on the

day the minister is chosen by the line of a steady advance, .foster- common people of England. ing its productive, educational, "The way the English people financial and industrial improve- amend their constitution is by ments. The present tendency effectually and thoroughly viola- favors the emancipation of all ting it." If the people have ad- classes. The day has dawned vanced beyond the standard of a that shall see England in name

certain law, they make it void or the Democracy she is in reality.

A VACATION IN CHARLESTON.

To a South Carolinian all roads land we can fancy him becoming lead to Charleston. It is difficult as fond of his | surroundings as the

for a stranger to comprehend the i most ultra Charlestonian. We

feeling which they have for their 1 did not linger, but nevertheless metropolis, until he has lingered we realized something of the at- for awhile in this quaint old city, tractions the place has for j all its upon him, Then charm grows | comers. 36 THE GUILFORD COLLEGIAN.

Being in the city over the Sab- eight inches without moving it bath, we, of course, attended ser- trom the perpendicular. Not far vice at St. Michael's, the second away stands St. Phillip's, second oldest church in America. View- only to St. Michael's in age and ed from the outside, St. Michael's interest. Not so imposing in ex- does not differ essentially from ternal appearance, nor yet so many other churches, but within genuinely of "ye olden time" its individuality asserts itself. within, it is, however, a beautiful- Here are the genuine old English ly furnished church, well worth pews, square, with high backs, inspection. One of the memori- the seats arranged on all sides, al windows bears this inscription: made of some dark wood, inlaid "In commemoration of the estab- with panels of the same, forming lishment of this church by the a marked contrast with the white , in the colony walls. The lofty pulpit stands of Carolina." Stopping at the between the chancel and the cen- entrance for a glance into the tre of the church, which the min- church-yard, one sees this inscrip- ister mounts by means of a nar- tion on a stone near the fence: row winding stair. Above hangs "Here lies the body of Catherine the canopy, used in olden times Warden, died 1749." as a sounding-board. Upon the In the immediate neighborhood walls are memorial tablets, many stands also the Huguenot church. bearing the names of old Hugue- As might be expected, it has no not families long since passed high steeple, nor any of the mere- away. Among those especially ly outside attractions. However, to be observed is one erected in when you step inside, observe the honor of Gen. Charles Cotesworth beautiful interior, notice the kind- Pinckney, member of the Consti- ness of the people, and listen to tutional Convention and later the able discourse of the minister,

Minister to France. This vener- you are not at all surprised^ that able church has suffered succes- the Huguenots are proud of their sively from the effects of war, fire, organization. Within the walls cyclone and earthquake, the last of this church are placed many being the most severe. Although memorial slabs, recording the quite seriously injured by this, the persecutions which the deceased work of repairing has been so had endured in France, their sub- thoroughly accomplished that no sequent escape to England, and signs of damage are visible. One their final settlement in the colo- of the peculiar freaks of the earth- ny of Carolina. One was in mem- quake was to lower the tower just ory of Louis Sardin, who died in THE GUILFORD COLLEGIAN. 37

to Isaac Porcher, Southern moss falls in graceful 1716; another [ of France, died in 1727. 'festoons. After E. P. Roe had

Having spent the morning in ' seen this tiee he remarked that attending the various services, we he could not be satisfied until he passed the afternoon in viewing had put it into one of his novels. the city and visiting Magnolia A pleasant drive winds about Cemetery, one of Charleston's among the trees, and one occa- most attractive features. This is sionally comes upon the border of situated about four miles from the a small lake which adds much to center of the city. One part of the beauty of the place. We re- the cemetery is given up entirely mained here until the sinking sun to the Germans, and we entertain- reminded us that it was almost ed ourselves for some time trans- time for supper. On our way lating the epitaphs. "Hierruht home we took account of the peo- in Gott" was on almost all of ple seen on the streets, 220 on them. Let us trust that they 10 blocks, and of these 200 were spoke the truth. One family of the colored persuasion. From lot was divided off from the others this and subsequent observations by beer bottles, planted closely we were obliged to conclude that together with the necks down. the geographies are not far wrong Man)' of the graves were orna- when they say the negro numbers mented with paper flowers, and three-fifths of the population of peculiar taste was often shown in . the arrangement of the decora- The objective point for another tions. After remaining for a suf- afternoon was Sullivan's Island. ficient length of time in the Ger- Reaching the landing a few man division, we walked across the moments before time for the boat street to Magnolia Cemetery prop- to leave, we turned and casually er, which is a beautiful place. The viewed the city as it might be live oak trees and profusion of seen by a stranger approaching roses made it difficult to believe from the sea. The first object to that it was December and not impress you is the large and state- June. ly-looking Custom House. This

One of these trees deserve special is a magnificient stone structure, mention. Its huge branches bend erected at a cost of more than five down in some places almost touch- millions of dollars. It would be ing the ground, spreading over a a credit to any city. Farther away large and beautiful grass plot as to the left, you can see a portion green as springtime. From the of the Battery, the most beautiful branches a quantity of the gray part of Charleston. 38 THE GUILFORD COLLEGIAN.

Here, a wide drive follows the every one on board seems happy. shore. On the side nearest the In fact, worry and hurry are two water is built a wide stone prom- conditions little known to the enade, protected by a substantial average Charlestonian. We took balustrade ; on the other, are found the upper deck, and with the cap- some of the best private dwellings tain's glass, the owner of which in the city. Just beyond, where was very kind to us, we could see the shore makes a turn toward distinctly a number of interesting the west, quite a large space is places. To the south lay James' beautifully laid out as a park, Island, upon the nearest point of Winding paths, live , and which Beauregard erected his fort rustic seats render this a very and opened the Rebellion by fir- pleasant place. Here is a bronze ing upon Sumter. A short dis- statue of a Continental soldier tance down the island we saw the erected in memory of the brave five great trees, all that are left of " men who defended Fort Moultrie. the noted "one hundred pines

Here also is a large bust of one Below the^e are the cotton plan- Carolina's tations of South most honored j from whence comes the sons, celebrated " Island William Gilmore Simms. j Sea Cotton,"

is a pavillion which has the reputation of being Beyond and a beau- j tiful fountain. the best in the world. Between

Directly in front, and just be- James' and Sullivan's Island is old yond a shaded walk, is the mar- Fort Sumter, much the same as it ket-house, extending for four was when Major Anderson held squares, with streets on either command, except that when be- side. A little beyond, a half ing repaired by the Confederates, dozen churches lift their spires in order that it might not stand so above the intervening roofs. Little high above water the upper story else would attract your attention, was removed. With these and until you were told that those other historic places along our rusty old houses, standing near route we soon found the eight by, are the same which sheltered miles across the bay behind us, Carolina's fugitives two centuries and the landing just in front. ago. There is nothing about the ap- The bell rings; the conductor pearance of the island as you pass cries, "All aboard;" the bridge is up its sanded road to give it the drawn, and we are leaving the aspect of a summer resort for ar- shore. istocratic Charleston. The build- The day is warm and clear; the ings are old and sadly out of re- bay is calm and beautiful, and pair, and while upon every side THE GUILFORD COLLEGIAN. 39 there was plenty of ease vet it was ed States forces guarded the not of the luxurious kind. How- neighboring city, until Major An- ever if you will continue up the derson, suspecting trouble, aban- island for two or three miles you doned it, that he might the more

will find some 1 etter dwellings securely hold Fort Sumpter. At and one very fine hotel. After a present there is but one soldier at walk of a mile or so along the the Fort, Col. Gilberson, who was beach, picking up an odd shell or an officer on board the "Star of a sea-urchin, but spending the the West," sent by President Lin- greater part of the time in simply coln to relieve Major Anderson. looking at the water; we then His son Willie was our guide, and went to see the object of our visit a clever little man he is, always — Fort Moultrie. This is enclosed ready to deal out his supplies of by a high brick parapet, which has information without its being taint-

solid earth for an inner support. ed with arrogance or conceit. It Upon the ocean side of the fort, a was twilight before we left the great number of cannon stand island for the ci r y, and ere the

mounted, while back of this are latter had been reached it had the pits, walled with brick and grown dark, yet a ride upon the stone and covered with several bay by moonlight is little less in- feet of earth, and all with under- teresting than when the sun shines. ground connections. On our return a mist from the

What a historic place ! ocean came over the bay. This

For it was here, in the early gave us an opportunity to hear days of the revolution, that the the fog bell on F"ort Sumpter, brave old Colonel, whose name which is run by clock work, so the fort bears, behind his palmet- that it will ring every half minute. to logs, successfully kept Gen. Clin- The revolving light which marks ton, who was urged on by Corn- the place where Fort Johnson wallis, from entering the Charles- stood now showed to good effect. ton harbor, and so great was the The above named fort was erect- American victory that the British ed by the Confederates between left the coast of Carolina. the dock and Fort Sumpter. The

It was here that after his daring stones of which it was construct- adventure and successful raids, ed were taken from the streets of the leading spirit of the Seminole the city. war—Osceola —was kept in con- We were somewhat surprised to finement until his death, and- just see how well the city had recov- outside the gate may be seen his ered from the effects of the earth- tomb. It was here that the Unit- quake. One would not now sup- 40 THE GUILFORD COLLEGIAN. pose that the Charleston Hotel, holds the power of her younger the City Hall and other such days. You cannot help but ad- buildings were so lately in the mire the mildness of her climate, condition which the earthquake neither can you restrict yourself left them. The Hibernian Hall from, at least, a friendly notice of is perhaps the most important her social atmosphere, one which building which has not been re- seems to give leasure without paired. Only occassionally would worry, satisfaction without you find a house in ruins. How- trouble, and wealth without ener- ever for block after block you gy. If her people are not the might note the repairs which the most progressive, they are very upper stories had undergone, and kind; if they are lacking in enter- from this you might easily judge prise they are not deficient in gen- something of the recent ruin which erosity and if they do not advoc- the city had experienced. ate new theories for the future, Charleston is the typical South- they teach the old facts which ern city; here you find the best made the past renowned. representatives of the aristocracy * * # of the old South, and with its. con- Guilford College, l-15-'89. servatism, gray with age, still

A LETTER FROM ADDISON COFFIN.

Addison Coffin, of Indiana, continued on the committee until formerly of Guilford County, N. [852, when she came to Indiana.

C , and a life-long friend of New She is now able to read without Garden Boarding School, has sent glasses. I have received the first the President a photograph of his number of The COLLEGIAN, and aged mother and her flax wheel. rejoice in the present and the We return thanks for this me- prospective success of the college." mento, and assure our friend that After telling a number of inci- it will be preserved with care. dents in connection with the The following are some extracts founding of the School, he says: from the letter which accompanied "There was a large log house the Photograph: "I herewith near the south-east of the spring, send photograph of my mother where the widow Juda Russell with her wheel. It was taken lived. John M. and James T. ioth month 22nd, 1888, in her Morehead, when young men, ninety-first year. She could still boarded with Juda Russell and at- I spin a fine thread without glasses, tended Andrew Caldwell's Latin I and was a wonder to the young School. The last time I talked generation who had never seen a with J. M. Morehead, in flax wheel, or any one spinning. 1866, he referred to his boarding My mother was one of the first with. Juda Russell as one of the committee appointed in 1833 to bright pages of his life.

the In 78 1 a man, named Hunt, consider proposition to estab- 1 lish the Boarding School, and lived in the same log house. On — — — —

THE GUILFORD COLLEGIAN. 4i the morning of the Guilford bat- movement. On the impulse of tle, a 16 year old son of Hunt, was the moment young Hunt leveled hid in some bushes on the line his "smooth-bore" gun and fired. fence between the College and The captain fell dead. The caval- John Ballinger's land to see the ry supposing the fence lined with battle at the Cross Roads. While sharp-shooters, turned and fled. excitedly looking and listening, This event greatly changed the the British Light Horse suddenly tide of battle. So you can see came into the field on the College that there are a few historic events sde of the fence out of the wood. connected with the locality The captain sounded a charge on l. n. h. his bugle with the intent of a flank

EXTRACT FROM A LETTER FROM FLORENCE, ITALY.

Careggi.is said to be one of the death-bed scene. It is a very most bewitching of all the Medice- striking picture—one to make one an villas. It was built by Casino dream of its ghastliness. It rep- Pater. Its gardens are beautiful resents the dying Lorenzo con- and its rooms full of souvenirs of fessing his sins to Savonarola. Lorenzo de Medici. It was at The countenance of Savonarola this villa he celebrated the birth- is very solemn, his eyes fixed in- day of Plato —here he met his tently on those of Lorenzo— as if many literary friends, and here he would read his answer there. was his famous botanical garden. Lorenzo is in the act of turning Here is where his father had died, his back scornfully on him. It and what he called "the last even- was a fearful end and the picture ing of his winter," came to Lorenzo admirably portrays it. the magnificent. In one of the P. B. H. rooms is a large painting of the Guilford College.

What a young man will not do Socrates brought philosophy for the sake of his own manhood down from the skies to dwell what he has not done for Christ's among men. Cicero. sake, he will very soon forget to do for love's sake. Frances J. Barnes. Wealth is vanity; pleasure a

Time is naught — nor death, nor sorrow; shadow; power a pageant; but Fight thou but patient wait. on, knowledge is ecstatic in enjoyment Good is heir of the hereafter; Triumph—glotious, ultimate, perennial in fame, unlimited in Hidden lies in God's to-morrow; but space, and infinite in duration. Can God's time be too late ? —Mary Loive Dickinson. De Witt Clinton. : .

4? THE GUILFORD COLLEGIAN

ought to have on our subscription Guilford oollepiaa. xKe o books. We believe mutual benefit PUBLISHED MONTHLY BY THE would accrue to them and to us LITERARY SOCIETIES by that means. Then give us a Of Guilford College. hearty financial support, friends, and THE COLLEGIAN will promise FEBRUARY, 1889. you little occasion for complain'

Editor, C. ROOT, '89 ROBERT It is gratifying to the in- '91 note Financial Manager, . .JOS. MOORE LEE, STAFF creasing tendency among our Marion W. Darden. '92, Personal Allen B Coltkane, 92, Locals students to improve every oppor- Campbell White, '89, Literary. tunity for frequent reference to

Teims: $1.00 per annum in advance the library. At no time since the Club Rates: Six copits, $5.00. writer has been at this institution has the proper use of the books The Collegian is entered at the New Garden Post Office as second class matter. found in the Library been so noticeable as at the present time. The Collegian regrets, that Every day students in science, in unavoidable circumstances have language, in history and in litera- prevented J. Richard Kennedy ture are gathering the "treasures" from returning to his scholastic that only the diligent can find. work and also to his duties on

The Collegian staff. The educational outlook for Allen B. Coltrane has been North Carolina, we are glad to chosen to fill the vacancy thus believe, is yearly growing brighter. occurring, and will hereafter have In many sections of the State there charge of the Local department. is evidence of increased attend- ance at the high schools, acad- The cordial reception accorded emies and colleges. We believe the first number of The COL- also, that more thorough work is LEGIAN encourages us to work being done, and a higher standard still more zealously to make our of conduct, as well as scholarship,

monthly" visits to our friends.both required in all of these institu- pleasant and profitable. While tions. we are pleased to state The Another encouraging indication

COLLEGIAN is on a safe financial is the deepening interest on the basis, yet there are many former part of the people at large in the students of New Garden Boarding subject of general education. As

School and friends of Guilford a naturai result, it follows that

College whose names we still more efficient teachers are wanted —

THE GUILFORD COLLEGIAN. 43 in the public schools; parents and indeed be the bulwark of our school committees give more at- free institutions, and every tention to the character as well as boy and girl in North Carolina the qualifications of the teacher; will receive what is due them from and the teachers themselves the State —the essential elements quickened by the influence found at of an education. Then, too, will the academy or college they have our academies and colleges be attended—are exhibiting a com- filled with young men and women mendable spirit of earnestness and inspired by a noble ambition "to progress. know something, be something, To the efforts of these earnest and do something." young men and women, we are indebted for much of the good It is a matter of surprise to us that comes from the present in- that some of our citizens —even in- adequate system of public schools. telligent christian men— advocate

But our school fund is insufficient the abolition of the public schools. to meet the requirements of the In advocating this idea, it seems case. Larger appropriations to us, they honor neither their should be made from our own re- intelligence nor their christian sources and generously supple- benevolence. mented by funds from the National We frankly admit the free Treasury; furthermore, the peo- schools lack efficiency, and many, or perhaps all, of them ought to ple ought to be more thoroughly be better even under the present alive to the pressing necessity of circumstances; but we cannot see doing their utmost to improve the the propriety of their abolition. condition of public schools, and As a matter of simple justice to the poor and to those whose limited •through them promote the higher means prevent them from attend- educational interests of the State. ing college; as a safeguard against Let the people everywhere insist the dangers of.illiteracy which en- that no teacher shall be employed danger the welfare of the people

who is not morally and intellect- and the safety of the government; as a source of intellectual progress ually qualified for the sacred and its consequent prosperity ; and charge committed to them; let as the fountain head upon which them take a deeper interest in the our colleges and other higher in- scholar, in the teacher, and in the stitutions of learning must neces-

school; and, still acting within the sarily depend for primary instruc- tion, we believe the intellectual limits of the possible, let them and material progress of our State provide neat and comfortable demand the improvement and houses and suitable school appa- perpetuation of the present public ratus; then will the public schools school system. 44 THE GUILFORD COLLEGIAN.

l^BI^SONAL. The gold medal offered by the Claytonian Debating Society to Jesse Copeland is an engineer the member who should make the running on the and most improvement in speaking Yadkin Valley railroad. He is during the term was awarded to stationed at Milboro. Edward E. Bain, of Durham.

Oscar Wilson is clerk of the Dicia Baker, '88, is taking a Grand Central Hotel, Augusta, course in Stenography at the Georgia. Mountain City Business College, Tenn., saws J. Gurney Dixon, one of this and her boarding institution's old students, can now place in the W. C. T. U. Home is be found at 42 University Place, very pleasant. New York City. We welcome among us again

Rhodema Wright, 'Sy, and those Elva J. Blair, of High Point, is attending the Graded School at of us who knew her not before, Winston, N. C. have already learned to appreciate her smiling face and gentle words. William E. Coffin, a student Douglas Settle is at here from 1868 to 1870 has for now West Point a several years been ticket agent at making good record. He was called a few to at- Greensboro for the Richmond and home days funeral services his Danville railroad. tend the of father. Thomas C. Hodgin was one of The Webster's Unabridged Dic- the New Garden "boys" in 1885- tionary offered by the Websterian '86. He is now head clerk in G. Literary Society to the member W. Armfield's large establish- who should make the most im- ment, Greensboro. provement was won by William Jonathan W. Albertson, a teach- P. Ragan, of High Point. er here from 1844-6, has been for Prof. Jesse H. Moore and Sarah many years a very successful law- Jeanette, students here several yer. For several years Judge years ago, have charge of a flour- Albertson has been living in ishing academy at Nahunta, a few- Elizabeth City, and is one of its miles from Goldsboro. most prominent citizens. Johns Hopkins University now

Cordie B. Lee is presiding with claims as one of its professors, A. dignity over the domestic affairs Marshall Elliott, who was a stu- '61-2. in her native home, cheering the dent of New Garden in He family circle with her bright smiles also filled the position of Principal and pleasant words. here for a short period in 1866-7. THE GUILFORD COLLEGIAN. 45

Sallie K. Stevens has assumed Works and manufacturers of Cot- all the dignity of a young school ton and Hay Presses. Their home " mistress" and successfully man- is described by a visitor as a pleas- ages her daily quota of inquisitive nat place about three miles from youth. Her sister. Amy is one of town, in one of the suburbs. her most diligent pupils.

Anna Buncly is a member of the Joseph Millikan is engaged as senior class at the Chattanooga assistant book-keeper in the com University. She has taken first mercial establishment at Randle- honors ever since she entered the man. He has won the confidence University. and esteem of the leading men of that town by his energy and per- Mary E. Harris, who was lady- severence. principal of New Garden Boarding

Many old students will remem- School from 1859 to '67, is now ber \V. Clarkson Porter. He holding the same position at Earl- is now the leading druggist of ham College. Greensboro. Although a student Dr. J. W. Morgan has been in 1853-4, he has not forgotten the located at Oskaloosa, Iowa, for a pleasures of "Auld Lang Syne." number of years. He is a suc- Sue Farlow, formerly one of cessful physician and druggist. New Garden's most diligent pu- Rev. pils, is making for herself such a Abel Kirkman, our former reputation as only devoted teach- efficient ccunty Treasurer, is now ers obtain. She is, this season, residing at his home near Friend- engaged as teacher near Marl- ship. borough, Randolph count}'. Annie E. Parker, who has been Jonathan and Elizabeth Cox teaching each year since leaving held the positions as superintend- school, is now taking a further ent and matron from 1859-64, and course in study at the Chowan did much valuable work for the Baptist Female Institute, Mur- school. They now spend their de- freesboro, N. C. clining years with their daughter, W. A. and Blair, known to Mary E. Cartland, of High Point. J. J. their school mates by the more

Jesse and Mary J. Bundy live familiar terms "Will" and "John," near Chattanooga, Tenn. He is since their school days here, have the senior member of the firm of been graduated at Haverford and Bundy & Copeland, proprietors are now successful teachers in the of Roanoke Iron and Wood Winston Graded School. —

46 THE GUILFORD COLLEGIAN.

LcOCspLcS. Old Student: " Which Society are you going to join?"

The editor will thankfully re- New Student: " I hardly ever ceive locals and items of interest join societies. I don't like the from our readers. Baptists or the Episcopalians, and

if I join any I think I will Guilford College began the New join the Methodists." Year with a larger attendance than ever before. Archdale Hall, Dr. D. Reid Parker, Lecturer the boys' dormitory, is crowded of the Farmers' State Alliance of and several boys are boarding in North Carolina, lectured here the private families. There is. still evening of Jan. 18th. His talk, room for more girls in Founders' as is characteristic of the Dr. Hall. was full of common sense and illustrated with wit. The lecturer On the evening of January 19th, touched upon the bad condition Dr. Nereus Mendenhall delivered of the public schools of the State, a lecture in King Hall on " Soc- saying that the reason they are rates." The lecture was highly in such a condition is not attribu- enjoyed by all present. table to our legislators, and law- The year 1888 is gone, forever yers, but to those who employ gone. She sleeps the sleep that the teachers. He also advocates knows no awaking. The old year a higher education of the farmer was one of prosperity throughout a special education in his line of the country; and may '89 be a work. year of even greater prosperity. At the last meeting of the

The short vacation is over, and Brighton ian the name was the girls and boys after their brief changed to the John Bright Lit- rest from five months labor have erary Society. again assembled at Guilford Col- Candy-pulling was one of the lege, and with refreshed powers features of the Holidays at Guil- have entered upon the duties of ford College. The boys and girls the New Year and the new term who stayed over had a happy time, with zeal and earnestness. yea a very happy time. During the Holidays the painter President Hobbs has recently added much to the appearance had his residence enlarged and of Dr. Robinson's residence of repainted. this place. The Dr. is a jovial character and has a large practice The Orator's Contest for a gold in this vicinity. medal given by the Claytonian. —

THE GUILFORD COLLEGIAN. 47

Literary Society was held on the ceeds will go toward the promo- evening of the 19th of December, tion of the temperance cause.

1888. The orations delivered The lecture on the evening of showed a large amount of careful February 2d, was given by Pres. preparation and arduous study. Hobbs. His subject, "James Rus- Thejudges, Prof's. Hobbs, Woody sell Lowell," was handled in a and Davis, rendered their decision very entertaining and instructive in favor of Allen B. Coltrane. manner. The medal was presented in a The Claytonian Society made graceful manner by Prof. E. C. W. T. Parker a present of Web- Perisho. ster's Unabridged Dictionary, in shall to Hereafter we not have honor of the interest he has ta- strain our eyes reading examina- ken in the Society. Will, is one tion questions from the black- of the charter members of that board, but each student will have Society, and is one of its strong- a copy of the questions neatly est supporters. written by the Cyclostyle. "Two or three dears and two or three sweets; Two or three balls and two or three treats; Messrs. Pretzfelder keep on sell- Two or three serenades given as a lure; ing goods in spite of fire. Two or three oaths how much they endure; Two or three messages sent in one day; Samuel Taylor has recently Two or three times led out from the play; Two or three soft speeches made by the way; erected in this place a small cot- Two or three tickets for two or three times; Two or three love-letters writ all in rhymes tage for the purpose of renting to ; Two or three months keeping strict to these rules, those who wish to go to school On never fail making a couple of fools" Swift and board themselves. We hope A party, consisting of several that others will follow Mr. Tay- members of the Guilford College lor's example. Faculty, visited Charleston, Co- Dr. Woodly, of Perquimans lumbia, and other Southern cities, county, has just completed his during the Xmas holidays. commodious residence at New New Garden is beginning to put Garden. The Dr. has also placed on the aspect of a town. It now his children in college. To oth- has within its borders a post-office, ers we say "do likewise." a printing office, two stores, and The Guilford College Y. W. C. two doctors. T T. L ., will give an entertainment Prof, of Rhetoric: "Transpose at King Hall on the evening of logical definition," is a February 16th. Something good the "Man is expected, for the Y's never fail. rational animal."

The public is cordially invited. Student: "Animal is a rational Admission 10 cents. The pro- man." ' .

48 T H E G U I L FO R D • C O L L EG I A N

LilTEI^ARY. or Passion Play; its origin, growth and some of its effects on the - our contemporaries We thank modern drama. This is one of and especially our exchanges who our neatest exchanges and we are have so kindly greeted us on our, glad to welcome it to our table. first into the cold waters of plunge We have not yet attained to college journalism. Swarthmores excellence in ath- —We had desired a place among letics but we are yet young. j

college papers but had not thought i —The January number of the of claiming the distinction thrust Eclectic Magazine contains three

upon us by our esteemed contem- i articles on the "Sacrifice of Edu- the State. If porary, North this cation to Examination " by Pro- trusty journal has not been led fessors Max Midler, Edward A.

astray by its zeal in our welfare, I Freeman and Frederic Harrison justly claim of we may the honor respectively. being the only college paper These each set forth in strong "ably edited by a corpse." terms the evils of the examination —An article in the January system as carried on in English number of Scribner s Magazine institutions of learning. entitled "Castle Life in the Middle Professor Harrison says that Ages" was much enjoyed by Pro- " Examination from being called

fessor Woody's classes that have in to aid ' Education has grown just passed through Ancient His- and hardened into the Master of tory. They could well appreciate Education."'

the piece and also the way in Although it is not yet an evil

which it was illustrated. in this country, the value of final examinations as an aid to learn- The Trinity Archive still keeps ing is being called in question to its standard of excellence. We our colleges. would especially call the attention among

of students to an article in its —We acknowedge here the re- January issue entitled "Literary ceipt of the University Look-Out, Societies." Besides its merit as a containg among other things a

literary production it contains well written account of Chatta-

good advice to students who have nooga by Professor J. J. Manker. the opportunity of joining a liter- —On account of the illness of ary society. the Literary Editor, the College —The SivartJimore Phoenix Message was delayed in its last gives in its January number an issue. It is a carefully prepared interesting sketch of the Mystery paper, full of ideas and inspira- THE GUILFORD COLLEGIAN. 49 tions for the girls, and not for the part of the student which in them alone. The December num- itself is a valuable acquirement. ber contains the program of the The outlines it contains are Christmas recital held on Friday those used by Professor Woody evening, Dec. 14, which, judging in his classes and are prepared from the comments of the press, especially for use in this institu- must have been entertaining. tion, but we take pleasure in re- commending it to teachers and History by thk Topical Method. A Hand-Book, by John W. Woody, A. students in general as a valuable M., LL. B., Professor of History and aid in the study of history Political Science in Guilford College. Professor Woody's new book DlI^EGTOI^Y. consists of three introductory chapters followed by one hundred JOHN BRIGHT LITERARY SOCIETY. President— Robert H. Cronk. and fifty-five topical outlines for Vice President—Nellie Anderson. guidance in the study of history. Secretary— Marion VV. Darden. The first eighty of these topical Librarian Jessica Johnson, — J. lessons, interspersed with eight Treasurer—Walter Mendenhall. schemes for historical essays, pre- Marshal— L. C. Van Noppen. sent in a connected chain the cen- PHILAGOREAN DEBATING SOCIETY. President M. Elizabeth Petty. tral points in the world's history. — Vice President—Gertrude Smith. These are followed a course by Secretary—Anna V. Edgerton. of sixty lessons and seven essays Librarian—Bessie Meader. which provide for the thorough Treasurer—Zella McCulloch. Marshal Jessica and systematic study of United — J. Johnson. States history. All of which are WEBSTERIAN LITERARY SOCIETY. arranged with reference to the President—Robert H. Cronk. natural method of historical study. Vice President—Cam White. Secretary Nathan G. Ward. The first chapter in the intro- — Assistant St cretary—Wilbur S. Round. duction defines history, shows the Treasurer — E. B. Moore. its its importance of study, and Librarian---David White, Jr. relatione to Geography; the sec- Marshal—William P. Ragan. ond, the parts of history to be CLAYTONIAN LITERARY SOCIETY. taught; and the third gives an ex- President —John Milton Burrows. planation of Professor Woody's V.Pres. and Treas. — C.L. VanNoppen. method. Secretary — F. B. Benbow. Assistant Secretary Edward E. Bain His ideas on this subject have — Marshal — Richard D. Robinson. been gathered during twenty years UTILI-DULCIAN LITERARY SOCIETY. of work in teaching history, and President—Anna Hale. we can testify from experience to Vice President— Martha J. Henley. the interest awakened in classes Secretary— Florence Rony. and the way this interest is main- Recording Sec'y— Ida M. Alexander. tained by Professor Woody's plan Treasurer— Evangeline Fallow. Marshal— Henryanna Hackney. of instruction. SENIOR CLASS. The book does not present a President-— Robert C. Root. dry accumulation of facts and Secretary-— Lola S. Stanley. dates but induces the habit of Robert H. Cronk, Fiorina G. Worth, original thought and research on Edward B. Moore, Cam. White. 50 THE GUILFORD COLLEGIAN TO THE TRADE IN WANT OF II

CLOTHING, 2, Al miles West of Greensboro, N. C. The main line of the R. & D. R. R. passes through the grounds and within

100 ft. of the office and residence. Salem trains make regular stops twice daily each way. Those interested in fruit or flowers are cordially invited to inspect our stock. DRY GOODS, NOTIONS, You can find Over One JfMillion

FINE DRESS GOODS, Fruit Trees, Vines, Evergreens, TRUNKS, UMBRELLAS, Shade Trees, Nuts, Roses,- &c, in fact CURTAINS, SHADES everything usually kept in a first-class 3 Green Houses full of a AND POLES, Nursery. great variety of

Will find it profitable to call 'on Flowers and Foliage Plants. POT ROSES for Spring planting a G. WILL. ARMFIELD, specialty. Catalogue free to all. Cor- respondence solicited.

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PHOTOGRAPHS ! Pretzfelder & Co.

Special Offer to theCollege. Directs particular atenli'm to their department for In order to avoid the rush at the close of the session, I have decided to establish a Club rate for the College students. This Fine Dress Goods -will give you the advantage of the Senior Rate, and at the same time you can be AND TRIMMINGS. waited on mueh more satisfactorily than when I am crowded with work. In clubs Our $2.00 and $2.50 Ladies' of ten or more the price will be §4 per KID BOOTS dozen. In addition to this any one get- ting un a club of ten will be entitled to are the best and most reliable in the one dozen of theirself, subject to the follow- market. Every pair guaranteed to wear ing conditions: The entire club must be paid for when well. the first sitting is made. (Tickets will be A complete line of issued for those who do not wish to sit at once.) The person getting up the club will be expected to collect and pay for Gents' Furnishing Goods, the same. This means Cabinet Photographs. I A full and well stocked department of have no club rates for cards. With thanks for former patronage, I am Most respectfullv, (tads, ®renk, S. L. ALDERMAN. ify Subscription, $1.00. 1889 Single Copies, 10 cents.

Vol. I. MARCH. No. 3.

THH MW Ukm% PUBLISHED MONTHLY BY THE

LJifeepaflY ^©©ietsieS ©f Enilf©Fd Gellege,

NEW GARDEN, N. C.

co£TT:E:::srrrs-

The Vine and the Thyme. ** 51 How Little We Know. Judge Robert P. Dick 52 Building a College. Prof. Joseph Moore 58 Heroes of Peace. Augustine W. Blair, Jr 60 Influence of Christianity upon Governments. Allen B.Coletrane 64 Selections 67 Editorials 68 Personals 70 Locals 72 Literary 74 Directory 75

Thomas Bros., Printers, Greeisboro, N. C. I

ADVERTISEMENTS.

8 (& IT X L Q 3R20 GOLLBGJ

NEW GARDEN, GUILFORD COUNTY, N. C.

New Buildings and Equipments.

Three Courses of Study—Classical, Scientific and Latin Scientific.

Superior advantages in German, History and Literature.

Valuable Cabinet and Libraries accessible to. students.

Field Work in Surveying.

Excellent advantages in Book-keeping and Normal Instruction.

Location 1,000 feet above sea-level and noted for healthfulness.

Moral and Religious influences good.

Students last year from eleven States and from Canada.

Prices moderate.

Fall Term begins August 15, 1889.

B^TFor Catalogue and other information, address

L. LYNDON HOBBS, President, Or JOHN W. WOODY, Treasurer. —

The Guilford Collegian.

Vol. I. MARCH, 1889. No. j

THE VINE AND THE THYME.

Upon an old oak's root there stood

A little bunch of Thyme ; A vine, which proudly climbed the wood, In hate and scorn did r'lyme.

" Poh! thee, poor thing, man scarce can see,"

Said he to him, " while I Mount up with Jove the thunderer's tree, Aloft into the sky."

"I raise myself," the shrub replied,

" As little as I'm found, >

While thou without a prop did glide, Snake-like upon the ground."

Who rests himself on other's might

Is slave, who'er he be, While he, who holds himself upright, Alone can say, " I'm free."

Deep River, N. C.

What does our country need? Not jewelled dolls with one another vying For palms of beauty, elegance, and grace. But we want women, strong of soul yet lowly, With rare meekness born of gentleness; Women whose lives are pure, and clean and holy

The women whom all little children bless Brave, earnest women helpful of each other. Ella Wheeler. 52 THE GUILFORD COLLEGIAN.

HOW LITTLE WE KNOW. II.

JUDGE ROBERT P. DICK.

Astronomy is the oldest of all the desert; the mariner could guide human sciences. It is also the his bark over the seas, and the grandestin therange of its explor- husbandman learned to regulate ations and researches, and the most his labors by the appearance of suggestive of sublime thoughts, certain constellations which gave conceptions and emotions to the him warning of the approaching human mind and heart. The gol- seasons. den splendors of the heavens by The leisure and more cultivated day, and the magnificent panorama intellects of the Magi, enabled of the starry night, have in all the them to make more careful ob- ages, by the eloquence of their servations as to the nature, rela- serene silence, profound repose, tions and connections of the and continuity of fadeless glories, heavenly bodies; and they dis- impressed mankind with feelings covered a few phenomena which of reverential awe and worship; they grouped together, but their and inspired in many minds and associations of isolated facts did hearts thoughts and emotions like not have the systematic classifi- those expressed by the poet, cation and arrangement worthy of the name of cultivated science.

"Thou art the Mighty God ! This glowing wilderness of suns and worlds The wise men of India, China Is one eternal and triumphant hymn and old Egypt during centuries Chanted by T"hee, to Thine own great self.'' made careful observations of the As far back in the remote past motions of the heavenly spheres, as profane history can carry us but their discoveries were neces- with its instructive teachings, we sarily very incomplete, as they had find that mankind gazed with to rely upon their natural sight, wonder upon the heavens, and and had none of the means used made efforts to learn the mysteries by modern astronomers for ex- of the stars. Amidst the clear and tending the range of vision into serene atmosphere of old Chaldea, the distant realms of the planets we learn, that by the' help of the and fixed stars. Thales and other stars, the shepherds during the sages of Greece collected the as- night could count the hours as tronomical "knowledge of other they passed; the traveler could countries and ages, and by the track his course through the uni- aid of their more cultivated pro- form wastes and solitudes of the cesses of investigation they ar- THE GUILFORD COLLEGIAN. 53 ranged this fragmentary knowl- is said that astrology has the edge into systematic order, and same relation to astronomy that expanded and enriched the science alchemy has to chemistry. of astronomy by further discov- The discoveries of Copernicus, eries, and by ingenious a n d Kepler and Galileo laid the true plausible theories. foundation of the present system In the Alexandrian schools of of astronomical science. The philosophy, established by Ptol- labors of industrious and highly emy Philadelphus many learned intellectual men, for three thous- men studied astronomy with pati- and preceeding years, only col- ent and indefatigable zeal, and lected isolated facts surrounded added numerous principles and with numerous unfounded conjec- hypotheses to the advancing sci- tures grouped in nebulous confus- ence until it reached its highest sion. LT ptothe time when Galileo glory, in the ancient world, in the sustained the theories of Coper- Works of Ptolemy—the ablest and nicus by pointing the telescopic most accomplished astronomer eye of science at the starry hea- who had appeared in history. He vens; and Kepler had discovered compiled all the knowledge of his and formulated the laws of plane- predecessors and added many of tar)' motion, the wisest astronom- his own discoveries and theories. ers had acquired but little more His theories as to the motions, re- practical knowdedge of the heav- lations and connections of the enly bodies, than the Chaldean earth, sun, planets and fixed stars, shepherds and eastern Magi who remained as the standard of as- contemplated with reverential tronomical science until the time pleasure the midnight splendors of Copernicus in the sixteenth cen- of the cloudless skies of their tury of our era. Up to this modern orient clime. period, the main purpose of study- I will not attempt to refer at ing the mysteries of the skies length to the discoveries and seems to have been to throw light theories of Newton, Elamsteed, and more certainty upon the con- Leibnitz, Laplace, the Herschels, jectures of astrology. This occult and hundreds of other able and learning was regarded as an im- accomplished astronomers wdio portant science —consisting of a employed their transcendent in- system of rules for discovering tellect and genius with patient future events by the position of and laborious research, experi- heavenly bodies, which were be- ment and induction, in enriching lieved to be controlling agencies the science of astronomy with of the fate of men and nations. It their sublime theories, and their —

54 THE GUILFORD COLLEGIAN. brilliant and useful achievements. eur and usefulness of astronomi-

I have not the space in an address cal science, I think that I am full)' like this, or the requisite informa- justified in saying, that all of its tion to do so with any degree of achievements are only faint, feeble completeness. and imperfect conceptions of the

It is not my purpose to show works, purposes and designs of what treasures of knowledge have God in the limitless dominions of been acquired, but, by a hasty his infinitude. Laplace, who glance at the vast fields of unex- knew so much about the beautiful plored truth, to show how much and wonderful mechanism of the is beyond the reach of human in- heavens, said on his death bed, vestigation, and how many of the "That which we know is little, mysteries of the universe remain that which we know not is im- for scientific enquiry. mense."

I readily concede that astrono- If our knowledge of the solar my is a noble and glorious science, system, to which our earth be- and has conferred many blessings longs, were increased a hundred upon mankind by adding to the fold, and we could more clearly stores of useful knowledge, by understand the nature, relations expounding and elevating man's and connections of the heavenly moral and intellectual nature, and bodies; and could follow the giving him a higher conception of planets with more certitude as the wisdom, greatness and glory they revolve around the sun, ac- of God. companied by their circling satel- The marvellous truths of this lites and asteroids —and could science fully sustain the astronom- comprehend more fully the nature ical teachings of the inspired and purposes of the numerous Psalmist, when he exclaimed in comets, some of which appear to such glowing beauty and sub- our vision— like blazing ships limity of language, streaming before a mighty wind,

" The heavens declare the glory still our knowledge of the uni- of God; and the firmament verse would be very limited. sheweth his handiwork. Astronomers seem to agree that Day unto day uttereth speech, our solar system is only a group and night unto night sheweth of heavenly bodies connected to- knowledge. gether by gravitation and other

There is no speech nor lan- mysterious forces, and are all re- guage where their voice is not volving around some great cen- heard." tral orb in the unfathomable depth

While I thus concede the grand- of limitless immensity. :

THE GUILFORD COLLEGIAN. 55

The fixed stars visible to the mic forces and elements that must naked eye, and through the tele- ever be mysteries to mankind. In scope, are at such a remote dis- these incomprehensible regions, tance from the earth as to be comets move in their eccentric beyond the measurement of orbits, meteors flash their splen- reasonable conjecture. dors, asteroids circle around their They are regarded as suns of central orbs, and nebulae cluster other planetary systems exerting in filmy radiance. These fields of controlling influences upon their space are penetrated by continu- planets and satelites, and like our ous streams of light from mil- solar system, are revolving around lions of luminous spheres; and some undiscovered and undiscov- gravitation, electricity, magnet- erable central orb. ism and other correlative forces The most powerful telescopes, operate with ceaseless energy, as they extend the range of hu- linking world to world in harmo- man vision, reveal the facts, that nious combinations, carrying out the silvery zone of the " Milky the inscrutable designs of Om-

Way" is the commingled lights of nipotence. Science informs us millions of stars —of which our that ceaseless activity and infinite sun is only a unit; and that nu- variety exist in the siderial as merous other nebulae—that once well as in the terrestrial creation. appeared like phosphorescent There is nowhere in the universe mist in the infinite distance —are the quietude and rest of absolute clouds of stars mingling their repose. All natural forces and siderial lustre. As the telescope elements, in the heavens and on penetrates further into the deep the earth, are ever working to- abysses of the firmament, it but gether for the accomplishment of expands the fields of immensity grand, and to us, incomprehensi- and multiplies incomprehensible ble designs. wonders. The stars that look down upon The most powerful telescope us with their calm and serene can tell us but little of the ele- light, and seem to be stationary, ments that exist in the multitu- or almost motionless, are ever dinous inter-spaces between the exerting wondrous influences, and, planets and stars. These vast and for ages, have ever been moving apparently unoccupied regions of onward with undeviating certi- the Universe cannot be complete tude, and with inconceivable ra-

vacuums but God is ever present pidity along their orbit pathways. therein, and there works his won- In past ages astronomers classifi- ders by means of persistent cos- ed various apparent' groups of — ,

56 THE GUILFORD COLLEGIAN

stars into constellations, and de- ; Astronomers have discovered signated them by mythological some of the cosmic agencies and

names, but science has informed ; forces that regulate and propel the us that such stars have not the complex celestial machinery, but proximity of association, but are, the nature and extent of their separated from each other by in- powers are only partially com- finite distances. The phenomena prehended. We know that there of binary, multiple and variable is no antagonism between them,

stars present mysteries which i but their persistent operations and human science has not, and may! energies are concurrent, correla- not be able to solve. Human tive and in perfect unison. There

reason and research, with all the is no danger of disastrous irregu- instruments and appliances of art' larities or collision, as they are and science, can never pass with guided by an eye that never slum-

certain course through the chan- bers, by a hand that never fails, nels that lie between the star is- and by a wisdom that makes no lands of celestial archipelagoes, mistakes. or count the numerous stars, that Although we can never fully like dusts of gleaming gold, form understand the wonders in the j the distant nebulae. inaccessible and limitless realms

It is generally conceded that! of the stars, cultivated reason, the the fixed stars shine with their! truths of inductive science, and own peculiar lustre; and when faith in God's word, enable us to

j they are seen through the tele- confidently conclude that all ap- scope or from lofty attitudes amidst parent disorders and perplexing the rarified and crystalline atmos- diversities in the natural universe, phere of the orient, there appear are but constituent elements of numerous stars that emit colored absolute hamony. The old Idu-

t rays, together representing the mean Emir spoke the language of various colors of the prismatic inspiration when he said:

spectrum. It is plausibly conjee- " Canst thou by searching find j tured that if the stars could be out God. Canst thou find out the \ seen, even with the naked eye Almighty unto perfection?" obstructing efforts that without the and ab- \ I rejoice to see the sorbing elements of our atmos- are made for the advancement of phere, the firmament would ap- the science of astronomy, for

a vast is in it. All of pear like temple dome j there no infidelity

studded and gemmed with the its discoveries plainly show the

j coruscating radiance of various handiwork of the Divine Archi- colored jewels. tect, and its teachings exhibit THE GUILFORD COLLEGIAN. 57

God's power, goodness and glory, turbed harmony, they seem to and confirm the truth of his re- breathe the spirit of universal vealed word. Truly has it been brotherhood and peace. They said, inspire feelings of adoration and

" An undevout astronomer is mad." thanksgiving as they remind us of the "Bright and Morning Star" In looking upon the heavens I of revelation — of the evangel star am often deeply impressed with — of the Gospel hymn of the the beautiful thoughts of Ruskin. Heavenly Host, and of the radiant "The greatest works bear on glory that shone over the hills of their faces an expression of calm- Bethlehem. ness and repose. They do not In the range of human litera- say that great effort has been here, ture many grand and beautiful but great power has been here. thoughts have been expressed in How calm and glorious are the eloquent and in rhythmic lan- star-gemmed heavens, but God guage as to the greatness and did not exhaust himself in mak- glory of God as manifested in his ing them, they are the work of works in the universe; but on this his fingers." subject no human speech can The stars were the witnesses of equal in sublimity the utterances God's covenant with Abraham of divine inspiration. Well did and the designated emblems of the Psalmist say: "Who can utter the promised blessings to man- the mighty acts of the Lord; who kind in all the ages. can show forth his praise." The stars have often been ap- The Lord speaking to Job out propriately styled "the poetry of of the whirlwind said: "Canst heaven," as they are the highest thou bind the sweet influences of types of the beautiful, and have Pleiades, or loose the bands of ever been associated in the human Orion. Canst thou bring forth mind with music and with song, Mazzaroth in his season, or canst for on the morning of creation thou guide Arcturus with his sons. they sang a glorious anthem of Knowest thou the ordinances of worship and of joy. heaven; canst thou set the do- They also suggest thoughts of minions thereof in the earth." immortality, as time has not dim- The whole of this address of med their lustre, and they shine the Lord to Job, and the 104th now with the same splendors that Psalm, are full of eloquent sublim- beamed over the sinless bowers ity, showing the amplitude of God's of Eden. From their celestial power, wisdom and goodness, and homes of calmness and undis- the comparative insignificance of 58 THE GUILFORD COLLEGIAN. the knowledge of man. Yet it is and hopefully await the solemn

the duty of man to study the works ! hour when we shall pass from this of God, and in the light of his re- world of incomprehensible mys- vealed word seek after the highest teries to the realms of fully man- knowledge, and by humbly and ifested truth, where all our efforts

meekly contemplating all the glo- ; of enquiry on earth will be con-

rious manifestations of his good- i summated with the bliss of per- ness, power and dominion, strive ; feet knowledge, to become more and more in his [To be continued.] ... Greensboro, N. C. likeness, and111calmly, patiently |

BUILDING A COLLEGE.

Joseph Moore, A. M., LL. D.

As Friends have always held and themselves had a mindto work. to the idea that a church is not The building of a college is a the meeting house in which pro- work of time. It cannot be done fessors of the faith meet to wor- in a year. It must grow. And ship, but that the children of God what is probably the first essen- do themselves constitute the tial ? Would you say teachers? church— so let us and all others What is the second? Would you keep prominent the idea that a say students? Well, both are in- building or any group of buildings dispensable. cannot constitute a college. If teachers were indifferent and True the buildings are an im- incapable, even good, studious portant accessory. Those who pupils could not right them. are to educate and be educated If pupils were thoughtless, in- must be sheltered; they need to attentive and untrained, the teach-

be made comfortable; they ought ers, if made of the best and most to have things convenient; they enduri.ig material, might be a need books, apparatus and vari- means of waking up the pupils ous kinds of appliances. People, and getting them started toward however, have made very fine making something of themselves, scholars and noble men and wo- though against heavy odds. We men with a very poor outfit in the will all agree that the best results several particulars above named. are attainable when both instruct-

How was it ? They had^eachers, ors and instructed are working to who knew the what and the how, the same high end. THE GUILFORD COLLEGIAN. 59

Think of the outcome of such and enclosed by what is substan- a pupil as Aristotle under such a tial, neat, cheery, homelike—and teacher as Plato. The teacher what an element in education called his pupil "the philosopher that is! of truth." A result was that You have capable teachers, Aristotle became "the father of whose personal interests as to experimental science." themselves are kept well out of What a host of boys met the sight as compared with their in- right man in Arnold of Rugby! terest in and devotion to their Agassiz sat at the feet of some of pupils. the masters in Europe, and be- You have pupils many of whom sides these, so open was his heart love learning, love order, love and intellect to truth, that he con- their instructors, love the college.

tinually found teachers in nature, Blessed is the college and the such as the heavens, the Alps, whole land that has plenty of the glaciers, the violets, the in- such. Think how far such go to- sects, the fishes. ward the building of a college, He was so happy and glad with and how far they go and will go nature that he had no time for to making homes, and how far silliness even when a child. He they will go towards making a probably had more pleasant pas- State To the students of Guil- time than any other boy in Swit- ford College let me say—-the more

zerland, but it was in a line of you do in the way of contributing hearty hard work either for his character towards the building of mother or with his studies. As a a college the more you do to- teacher, his steadfast interest and ward building yourselves, and the enthusiasm kindled all who would more you do toward building kindle, and such as would not yourselves the more you do to- take a hearty interest usually wards building a college.

dropped him, thinking him overly I wish I could convince every childish. one of you, and fasten the con- Now while lam thinking of the viction, that you have a great importance of a healthy relation work on hand in the education of between teachers and pupils in yourselves.

the building of a college, it is Believe it early, that there are Guilford College on which for the no artists, architects, or poets who present we are supposed to have can paint pictures, chisel statues, our eye. As to buildings you build palaces or write poems, that may be said to be quite favorably are of so much worth, power or situated. You are surrounded beauty as a well-built character. *6o THE GUILFORD COLLEGIAN.

Let the general sentiment of as a testimonial of attainment is the college be such as is opposed known only as we know the stand- to all sham and pretence. Hold ard of the college that confers it. up a standard that tends to popu- Let Guilford students be wise larize thoroughness and honesty enough willingly to take studies in intellectual and religious work. in their natural order and to take

Let it be ever counted as in the no more work than they can do highest degree manly to have a well. Christian character through and Let them scorn the thought (if through; let there be no intellec- they could get it) of flourishing a tual or religious sham. diploma which does not speak the Honest work in the preparation truth of them. Let there be no and reciting of lessons and in the scrambling for a testimonial which debating club will go far towards would for a time cheat the pos- making honest men and women sessor and his friends with the in the church and in all the busi- idea that he had what he had not. ness relations of life. One of the best antidotes to

Let Guilford build right, how- this spirit (which is growing in ever slowly it may be. It would some of our colleges,) is a hearty be well if all colleges were so love of learning, coupled with a uniform and so high in their stand- high desire to make the most of ards that a degree would be a one's self for the sake of "Him degree, and of about equal value who gave himself for us." whether from one or another. Earlham College.

But as it is, the worth of a degree

HEROES OF PEACE.

AUGUSTINE W. BLAIR, JR., '88.

From the dawn of the world's of Troy and of the valiant men history to the present time, it has who fell around her walls. been characteristic of the human The annals, ot Greece and race to glory in military achieve- Rome are filled with thrilling ments. stories of manly sacrifice and un- The heroes of the battlefield paralleled deeds of valor. have had their names immor- Marathon and Thermopylae talized in story and song. stand out as landmarks upon the Homer sang of the famous siege pages of history; while the names THE GUILFORD COLLEGIAN. 61

of Alexander, Hannibal, Caesar, a literature which is stained with and Bonaparte, men who for a human blood, and has his imagi- short time stood on the very pin- nation filled with the prospect of

nacle of what the world calls j honor and fame, and believes that greatness, are cherished and rev- for him too the pen of the historian ered by almost every student of will be wielded and the voice of

history. ! the poet heard. And would we know of deeds But the time has come when j in of patriotism our own country, \ these mistaken ideas, fixed in the the historian would gladly point minds of the people, must be cor- to the ill-clad farmers of Lexing- rected; and instead of associating ton and Concord, or the blood- the terms national glory, and na- dyed waters of the Brandy-wine tional honor with the words con-

and the dreary snows of Valley ' quest, slaughter, and ruin, they Forge. should henceforth be applied to The hero of the world has been acth. of justice and to the promo- the man who could marshall large tion of peace and prosperity in armies, march through the ene- the land; for "Peace hath her my's country, lay waste towns victories no less renowned than and villages, and return to his war." own land laden with the spoils of While many of the men who victory. have distinguished themselves on That national glory and national the field of battle fully deserve honor are gained by the destruc- the tribute of respect paid to them, tion of cities and the extension of there is another class whose names empire has been the generally re- are less frequently seen upon the ceived opinion of mankind. pages of history and whose graves The pen of the historian has are marked by no monumental been given largely to the praise pyramids of bronze or stone, yet of military chieftains while the whose achievements were far voice of woman has ever been grander than those of Charles heard to chant the honors of vic- Martel or the Maid of Orleans, tory. Thus the tendency through and whose memory will live long all the ages has been to breathe after that of the warrior and gen- forth a spirit of war which has eral is forgotten. touched the hearts of innumerable The Foreign Missionary as he generations of men. sacrifices everything and goes to The youth, as he drinks from the burning sands of Africa or the fount of ancient poetry and the lonely shores of Australia to song, draws his nourishment from carry a message of glad tidings 62 THE GUILFORD COLLEGIAN. to a heathen race, displays a hero- an account of a more complete ism unsurpassed on the field ot victory than that won by the quiet battle; yet he often finds his last Quaker, William Penn, over the resting-place in the wilds of the Red men of the west, as he stood desert with no decoration to mark in the balmy air of the spot. under the spreading elm and When has England ever showed formed the treaty of peace which more courage or displayed a more secured for him and his true suc- heroic spirit than when through cessors an unstained and unmo- the influence ot Fox, Wilber- lested reign, while other colonies force, Thomas Fowl Buxton, and undertaking to defend themselves others she tore off the shackles of by the barbarous method of war bondage and set at liberty eight found the Indians to be their hundred thousand slaves without deadly enemies. shedding one drop of blood? The great Philanthropist, Clark- America also gave freedom to son, has said " That the Pennsyl- her slaves but not until four long vanians became armed though years of strife and bloodshed had without arms; they became strong

left a defeated and heart-broken though without strength; they South and a North mourning the became safe though without the loss of thousands of her noblest ordinary means of safety." and bravest sons. On each Fourth of July the The freedom obtained by that people of the LJnited States have struggle was a noble act of justice, long been accustomed to lay aside

although it was the cause of great the common cares of life and loss and destruction, but how meet together in honor of the

much nobler would it have been fathers of our Republic; and of could the four million slaves have the thousands of orations deliver- been set at liberty in a peaceful ed on such occasions nearly all and friendly way. That would refer to its past history and to its have been a victory in compari- present prosperity and success, son with which that of Gettysburg but how few succeed in attributing or Appomattox Court House this rapid growth and develop- would dwindle to insignificance, ment to the true cause. Amid the a victory which would have need- beat of the drum and the sound ed no monument of stone, for the of cannon they picture anew the act of itself would have been a scenes of battle, and rehearse the monument of glory handed down valiant deeds of our fore-fathers. from generation to generation. Yet there have been a few during Nowhere in history can we find the present century who have not THE GUILFORD COLLEGIAN. 63 been afraid to speak out in oppo- and Constantine, who, as he was sition to this sentiment of public marching at the head of his army, opinion so fixed upon the minds beheld that wonderful cross sus- of the people; a few who have pended in the heavens with the rightly attributed our success and inscription "By this Conquer," prosperity to the peaceful habits would have understood that it was of our nation, and have maintain- not by the earthly sword that he ed that the true hero is not the was to win the victory; but by one who triumphs in battle and the true symbol of the cross, delights to see the strength and patience, suffering, and self-sacri- flower of a nation withering in fice, and would thus have secured

cold blood, but he who aids j us- to himself the name of a true tice, who labors for the peace and hero, following in the footsteps happiness of mankind, who breaks of " Him who came not to destroy the bands of slavery, and adds to men's lives but to save them." the progress and advancement ot At the present time if Bismarck civilization, by his inventions, dis- and Moltke, instead of placing coveries, and contributions to large armies on the frontiers of art, literature, and science. Such Germany, and if instead of tell- men are Christian heroes; heroes ing the people that a million more of Peace. men are needed to prevent anoth- Among these was Charles Sum- er invasion by those "wicked ner whose bold stand for peace Frenchmen," should conclude a will render his name immortal and treaty of peace with the two hos- will form a bright spot on the tile nations, as the working men pages of history which the lapse desire, they would display a true of centuries will not efface. What heroism which would far surpass a different record the world might any victory they will ever gain have had if all the strength and on the field of battle. energies which have been spent War has seen her greatest tri- in war and contest had been spent umphs, since the two great Eng- in civilizing and christianizing the lish-speaking nations have alrea- human race. dy taken steps towards establish- Napoleon instead of sweeping ing international arbitration, and over the nations of Europe with have almost blotted out the idea his might}' armies, bringing mil- of another war between them.

lions of men to ruin and destruc- Let it be said to their honor that tion, should have been a St. Paul they were the first to set forth traveling throng the land convert- this high and noble example. ing his fellowmen to Christianity; The names of those men who have 64 THE GUILFORD COLLEGIAN. given their pen and their voice to she was fighting for the preserva- this great cause will live in histo- tion of the Union; but much more ry, and by future generations they will those be called heroes who will be called true heroes of peace. give their voices and their lives, There were heroes when Amer- if need be, to establish "peace on ica was struggling for her inde- earth and good will among- men." pendence; there were heroes when

INFLUENCE OF CHRISTIANITY UPON GOVERNMENTS.

ALLEN B. COLTRANE, '91.

As we look back over the pages to the breezes, it proclaimed to a of history, we can but notice the conquered world that the Senate powerful influence which the dif- and the people ruled. But the ferent religions have had upon kingdoms into which this once government. All governments, grand and universal empire was whether ancient or modern, have divided would not know that Rome been sustained by some form of ever had a Senate or that the

religion; and when that religion Roman name was an honor if they becomes corrupt, when the sover- did not read it upon the "crumbl- eign people loose confidence in ing columns, broken friezes, ruin- the object of their worship, the ed arches and tottering temples of fate of that government is sealed the lone mother of dead empires." and she will sooner or later take but modern times furnish only too a place among the nations that many examples. All Europe was have passed away. once free. But where is the Diet The Roman Empire was never of Sweden? Where are the States more prosperous than when her of Portugal and Holland? Where gods received their highest rever- are the republics of Italy and ence. It was then that the Roman Switzerland? Tyranny and op- captive could, in proud defiance, pression have trampled upon their hold his hand in the fire till the constitutions. Their governments flame had consumed it, to show for want of some intrinsic prin- that no torture could induce him ciple, some rule of moderation, to betray his country. It was then some check against anarchy, have that she made her greatest ad- been overturned and exist only vancement in literature, science in remembrance of the past. So and art. It was then that where- feebly had the smaller republics ver the Roman banner unfurled of Europe been governed that THE GUILFORD COLLEGIAN. 65

when the mighty arm of the French and Cicero one of the last lumina- Revolution was directed against ries of Rome had been murdered, them they were shattered into and his eloquence, which had so fragments. And what was the often struck terror to the hearts of cause of the French revolution, of tyrants, had ceased forever. Lib-

which it has been said that "it was erty had taken her flight from the the most awful moral convulsion earth, or had retired to the se- the world has ever known"? The questered bowers of the savage, deadly poisons of infidelity had while gorgeous pride lifted her been infused into the veins of the head to heaven and trampled on French people. Beneath the fair innocence, equity and law. exterior of society seeds of a mor- It was during this peaceful lull tal disease pervaded the nation, in the reign of Augustus that one which finally burst out like a slum- was born who has had more to do bering volcano, burying every in the shaping of human events thing beneath its burning, scald- and the destinies of nations than ing and scathing mass. The re- any other in the history of the

volutionary car, checked by noth- world. He it was who founded the ing, but urged on by all the greatest religion that has ever ex- fiendish vices and angry passions isted —a religion that has been occasioned by a full democratic the foundation-stone of all pros- ascendency, crushed all who op- perous and enlightened govern- posed it beneath its bloodstained ments since that day— a religion wheels. Infidelity grasping the that is adapted to the wants of all helm of the "Ship of State" direct- —one that teaches the human ed its course straight to the whirl- family that there is a life beyond pool of strife, bloodshed, desola- the grave; and under whose in- tion and ruin. fluence the world has made greater It was during the reign of Au- advancement in civilization, liter- gustus Caesar that the Roman ature, and science in the last Empire had no rival, his law was eighteen centuries than in the felt and obeyed throughout the preceding forty centuries under civilized world. The people, long the influence of all the other re- fatigued with war, were glad to ligions combined.

enjoy peace, though under the Christianity is the same every- reign of a despot. Tiie great where and throughout all ages.

champions of liberty had passed " It is on a line with all that ex-

away. There was no Brutus or alts and adorns the race." It is Cassius to conspire or to as- the fostering mother of schools

sassinate. Cato was no more; i t and colleges ; plants them 66 THE GUILFORD COLLEGIAN. wherever it goes, and through baleful shadow over heathen them it performs i t s noblest lands, is being rent in twain; and work; it gives to the world a per- to-day Christian missionaries fect standard of morality; men burning with love toward their conforming to all the require- fellow creatures are piercing the ments of Christianity would be very hearts of these barbarous perfect, they would be without nations. In China, Japan, Mexico, fault. And what is true of men is and in the dark jungles of Africa true of nations, for that which af- and India, as well as in the mag- fects individuals must necessarily nificent churches of Christian affect governments. lands, are heralded the "glad Under the influence of the tidings of great joy." Christian religion we see no croc- All the great inventions and odiles fed upon human flesh; we the results which have grown from see no human sacrifices offered to them, and which have added in- gods of stone and wood; we see estimably to the civilization and no gardens illuminated with burn- advancement of the world, have ing Christians. Under its influence been fostered in those nations the history of nations has ceased whose governments are founded to be written in blood, and men upon the broad principles of have learned to despise the rav- Christianity. The telegraph, which

ages of war and the destruction is without a doubt one of the of their fellow-men simply to greatest inventions of any age, gratify the despotic ambition of was perfected by an inventive ge- some tyrant. By the light of his- nius, nurtured by a Christian na- tory we have seen how the "Stone tion, and the first words ever flash- that was cut out of the mountain ed upon an electric wire were: without hands " has checked the "What hath God wrought!" And course of universal empires and when man's intellect had subdued crumbled the thrones of despotism the forces of the ocean, and the into dust. No more throughout old and new worlds were bound all Christendom are heard the together by the Atlantic cable, clanking fetters of the slave, and almost the first words flashed from

the wails of the heartbroken hemisphere to. hemisphere were: mother and weeping children as " Glory to God in the highest, and they bid each other good-bye, on earth peace, good-will toward probably never to meet again on men." The printing-press, the the dim shores of time. The dark steam engine, the railway car, and veil of ignorance and superstition, the ponderous steam-ship—all of which, has for centuries cast its these, under the influence of Chris- —.

THE GUILFORD COLLEGIAN. 6 7 tian governments, have been po- are an honor to the North, who tent agencies in the advancement extend the right hand of fel- of national and international pros- lowship; an honor to the South perity. who accepts it, and a crowning L/nder the influence of Chris- glory to the true manliness of tianity the world is learning to American character. love peace and despise war, and When Christianity shall have to close the bloody chasm and at last triumphed over vice; when feeling caused by this banish hard the young men of this land shall evil. truth of this monster The have moral stamina enough to assertion has been verified in our stem the tide of popular preju- own nation. On the fourth of dice—to stand up for the right July, twenty-five years ago, the against all opposition— a still field of Gettysburg was strewn brighter day will yet dawn upon with dead and dying. Her soil the "Western world." When was bathed with the blood of drinking saloons and gambling thousands of the best men of this houses shall have been consumed nation. The whole country was upon their own funeral pile; when overwhelmed in civil strife. On party strife, bribery and corrup- the fourth day of in this July, tion shall have gone to their re- year of peace, 1888, the survi- ward — then will usher in the po- vors of thatterrible battle have met litical millenium and the glorious now clasping in once more, hands reign of the "Prince of Peace." pledge of life-long peace and "Then peace shall disarm war's dark brow of its friendship—that strongest of all frown, human ties —the friendship of And roses shall bloom on the soldier's rude grave; Then honor shall weave of the laurel a crown brave foes reconciled. The anni- That beauty shall bind on the brow of the brave.''' versary exercises at Gettysburg

Were half the power that fills the world with terror, Of hating I know nothing; 'tis Were half the wealth bestowed on camps and courts enough for me to love. Given to redeem the from human mind error, Sophocles. There were no need of arsenals or forts. They are slaves who dare not be Longfellow In the right with two or three. Lovvell.

There are three—crowns of the No crown has a brighter gem, law, of the priesthood and of the no gem has a brighter lustre than kingship; but the crown of a good the gems,—modesty, purity and name is greater than them all. fidelity—which adorn the brow oi Hebrew maxim. refined christian womanhood. —a

6S THE GUILFORD COLLEGIAN.

chosen those that seemed best The Suilforcl doll eoiaa. suited for the columns of The

PUBLISHED MONTHLY BY THE Collegian. LITERARY SOCIETIES

Of Guilford College. It is with pleasure that we call especial attention to the contrib- MARCH, 1889. ted articles in this issue. The articles now appearing in The EDITOR, ROBERT C. ROOT, '89. '91. Collegian from the pen of our Financial Manager, . .JOS. MOORE LEE, staff : distinguished fellow-citizen. Marion AY. Darden. '92, Personals. Judge Richard D Robinson, 91, Locals. P. Campbell White, '89, Literary. Robt. Dick, deserve a most careful perusal. They possess a Terms: $i.oo per annum in advance literary merit of a high order, and Club Rates: Six copies, $5.00. we appreciate them the more be- cause we recognize in the author The Collegian is entered at the New Garden Post Office as second class matter. a man of fine scholarly attain- ments united with high christian

The pressure of other duties character, and whose life is indeed has compelled Allen B. Coltrane a worthy example for young men to resign his position on The COL- to follow. LEGIAN staff. We regret to part So also may we truly speak con- with so congenial a fellow-worker. cerning Prof. Joseph Moore— The Local department will hence- man whom we delight to honor. forth be in charge of Richard D. To all of our young men we recom- Robinson whose duties commence mend a thoughtful. consideration of with this issue. the wise words of Prof. Moore in regard to the formation of habits

We owe it to our students whose and character building; for, how-

articles have appeared, or will ap- however it may appear to others,

pear in our joyrnal, to state that to us it seems nothing short of a none of them have been written disgrace—a deep disgrace—for a for The Collegian. They are a young man who has enjoyed the part of the regular work of the advantages of a college training

student in his Society, in histor}', with all of its possibilities in the or in literature. In no case has way of intellectual and moral

an article been asked for until it culture — to leave his Alma Mater had first been delivered in one of with habits of indolence and vice the Societies, or else given in the and the marks of dissipation stamp- class room; then the editor has ed upon his brow. —;

THE GUILFORD COLLEGIAN. 69

The editor of The COLLEGIAN sions are simply contemptible and has spent much time in procuring beneath the dignity of a college materials for a series of articles on journal. We therefore, enter a reminiscences, personal sketches plea for a freer and more cordial and other items of special interest fellowship among all of our col- connected with the history of New leges and college journals. Garden Boarding School. In view of the unique position this School While we gladly note the deep has occupied among the educa- interest many of our young men tional institutions of the State, take in their prayer meeting, we cannot but think this interest and in view also of the wholesome | influence ever emanating from her ought to be more general; in halls in behalf of a thoroughly short, a more active participation sound moral as well as mental on the part of all is desirable. Not culture, justice requires a fuller only would individual character portrayal of the events that have be strengthened and a livelier culminated in the founding of Christian experience result there- Guilford College. Hence we hope from, but this would materially our friends, whether personally assist in supplying the universal requested or not, will kindly assist call from Church and Sabbath us in every possible way to secure School for more active and effi- these articles for publication, as cient christian workers. And why many facts of great historical in- should not our young men aspire terest would thus be preserved. to be well qualified for active christian work as well as to aspire

Is it possible there is any reas- to high professional standing, or aspire to become prominent in the onable excuse for the petty jeal- councils of the nation? The first ousies that sometimes appear would in nowise preclude the among our colleges and especially others, but would rather be an among the journals representing assurance of successful attain- these colleges? It is presumed ment in any vocation one might choose. Self-evident as this is, that all of these institutions are shall we rhen, young men, place seeking the same unselfish end ourselves more in unison with the the grand mission of developing advancing christian work of the all that is noblest and best in man day, and to that end shall we or- then why should " harsh words ganize a Y. M. C. A ? Through the latter we would at least have mar the good we may do here "? the benefit of organized, system- Frank, courteous criticism is al- atic effort, and the strengthen- ways admissible, even appreciated, ing bond of sympathy and fellow-- but insinuations and spiteful allu- ship from kindred associations. 7o THE GUILFORD COLLEGIAN.

^BI^SONAL. Genevieve Mendenhall is pur- suing a course of study at home. Cole, '88, is teaching E. A. She will enter college next year school at Lillington, coun- Harnet and graduate with the class of '90. ty, N. C. Ed. W. Worth is at Durham.

' . Woodland Academy, Wayne TJ . , r ,, , is of \ superintendent the card- . He county, is honored by having as ing department in the Durham its Principal, Mary C. Massey, '87. | Cotton Mi]

J. M. Edgerton is working dili- Dicia Baker we learn is now gently in the tanning business practicing Stenography and read- near Goldsboro. ing Medicine in Dr. Key's office Mary Hare is staying quietly at Chattanooga, Tenn. She has re- home with her father in his de- cently been joined by her friend, clining years. Sallie K. Stevens, of Goldsboro, Those who know George W. who is pursuing a business course at the University. Wilson can now find him clerking

at Morgantown, N. C. R. T. White, Class of '88, is in the employ of a Railroad com- William G. Anderson is married pany in Montana Territory. and lives at Summerfleld, N. C. He has charge of a Shuttle Fac- J. Willard Hinshaw, a student tory. here about twelve years ago, is in

Florence Welch, '88, is spend- a flourishing Loan and Insurance ing this year with her parents at business Eureka, Kansas. her home in High Point. Anna T. Jones, '88, is at home W. W. Mendenhall has left engaged in the daily routine of school on account of his eyes. household duties. Freshman class has lost one The Joseph W. Parker, another ex- of its strongest members. Governor is now Principal of a

Elizabeth A. White has been school in Georgetown, 111. His

for five years one of the teachers wife is an assistant. The school

of Belvidere Academy. She and is full and prosperous. her sister are still teaching there. East Asylum, Knoxville, Tenn.,

Lee T. Blair, who held the posi- is now the field of labor for Hattie tion of Governor here for three G. Mendenhall. We wish her all

years, is Principal of the South the tact and ingenuity necessary Greensboro Institute, Greensboro, in controlling those under her N. C. care. THE GUILFORD COLLEGIAN. 7*

Carrie Ballinger has notreturned and her mind was a rich store- house of these treasures. Al- to College since her mother's though in feeble health for many death. She will be especially years, she had so maintained her missed in the Philagorean Society vigor that her friends did not as she was one of its most promi- realize that her end was so near nent members. at hand. Having so cheerfully given up her children to the vari- once a Rev. Thomas Ogburn, ous fields of labor to which they student of this institution, is Pres- felt called, she lived in the hope ident of the North Carolina M. P. of seeing, in the early part of the coming summer, all of her child- Conference. H e has recently ren once more gathered under the changed his station from Summer- parental roof. Five years ago, the field to Henderson, N. C. second daughter, Julia, entered the Mission field in Mexico where she W. F. Overman has recently was afterward joined by her elder been elected to the position of sister, Laura Winston, neither of Prefect at Girard College. Though whom could be present to lessen now severing his connection with the overwhelming sorrow that had the senior class at Haverford, he come to their beloved home. Mary, another daughter, was will stand the examinations and teaching near Franklin, Va., and take his degree. was called home by telegram to Jonathan Meredith, a student in attend the funeral services which took place at Friends' Meeting- '63, paid a visit to the scenes of house at New Garden and was an his boyhood a few weeks ago. He impressive occasion. The body has been in Fremont, Nebraska, — placed in a beautiful metallic for several years and now has gone casket—was interred in the quaint south with the intention of going old burying ground near by where rest the remains of two or three into business at Atlanta, Ga. generations of her ancestors. She ' 11 ^—ma» was a member of this school in OBITUARY. 1845, an d here her seven children have been instructed. Mary was On the morning of Feb. 8th, the a member of the class of '88, and spirit of Naomi Ballinger—an ex- Carrie, the youngest, was called emplary christian, a faithful wife home from the College to attend and a devoted mother—entered her mother during the last days of the mansions of light. She was her sickness. There is a tender the wife of Yancey Ballinger, and feeling of sympathy felt by all the daughter of Nathan and Elizabeth members of the College for the Coffin, whose ancestors came with bereaved family. May the God other Friends from Nantucket and of infinite love and mercy comfort settled in this part of Guilford the hearts that mourn the loss of county. She was deeply interest- mother's voice, mother's counsel ed in the history of these people and mother's love! 72 THE GUILFORD COLLEGIAN.

IiOCspljS. high calling of teaching the youth of our land. We advise the students to pat- The contest for a Demorest sil- ronize those who advertise in ver medal was held on Monday The Collegian. evening, February 25th. There The boys' walks are not in very were seven contestants. The good condition. A more liberal medal was awarded to James P. supply of gravel would improve Parker, of New Garden. them. President Crowell, of Trinity The College cabinet has recent- College, delivered an excellent ly received a fine pair of elk lecture March 1st, for the benefit antlers. Jacob V. Carter, of of the Websterian Society. The Kansas, was the donor. We have subject: "Solitude and Society," also received from Col. L. C. was handled in a masterly manner. Jones, Supt. of C. C. R. R., a We congratulate the " Webs" on beautiful star fish, a shark's tooth, obtaining such an excellent lect- and a specimen of quartz crystal. urer.

The "Webs." wishing to turn Under the superintendance of more light on their work, have David Petty, our model farmer, purchased a handsome chandelier the College farm is putting on an It adds greatly to the appearance improved appearance. Several of the hall. hillsides and wood lots have been transformed into fertile fields. Louis Hoge's residence near Before ma"ny months pass by, the College was destroyed by fire there will be erected a new barn, on the night of the 7th of Feb- built in the latest style, which ruary. Mrs. Naomi Ballinger, will add much to the appearance who was born in this dwelling, of the place. died on the same night. The class in Philosophy of His- We think that when the pond tory were discussing ancient freezes again that the boys will Egyptian civilization when occur- not go skating without permis- ed the following: sion. They might have the good Prof: " What was the hierog- luck of skating in another di- lyphic symbol for doctor?" rection. First Senior: "A duck." Prof. Woody is delivering a Prof: "Why was this symbol series of lectures on " Pedagogics," used?" which are attended by many of Second Senior: "Because they the students who aspire to the were quacks." THE GUILFORD COLLEGIAN. 73

Boys, why not organize a court also for best orator. Though so of law to be known as the "Boys early in the term, much rivalry is

College Court," and let it be gov- displayed among those contesting erned by the laws of our State. for the improvement medals. It give those contemplat- would The Board of Trustees have the study of law some train- ing obtained from the Legislature a ing and a great amount of amuse- Charter for Guilford College for ment. lawyers, take notice. Young a period of ninety-nine years.

Although so early in the sea- One provision of the Charter is son, the College second nine has that intoxicating liquors shall not played two match games. One be sold within ^a radius of three with Muir's Chapel and the other miles of the College Buildings. with High Point. In both games The entertainment given by the

> last exercise of the evening, the societies this term than ever "but by no means the least," was the before. Both the Websterian and sociable which followed. In short, Claytonian Societies will give all were greatly pleased and went prizes for most improvement, and away rejoicing. Success to the Y's. — — —

74 THE GUILFORD COLLEGIAN.

LnmEi^ARY. of students' associations the ex- penses will be reduced. No doubt the of Oxford —At University this new scheme will give a de- twelve American students are in cided impulse to education among attendance; at Berlin, about six the working c 1 a s s e s. Eclectic hundred, and at Leipsic over two Magazine.' hundred. Exchange. It is estimated that in England —-"Common sense is the genius one man in every 500 gets a col- of humanity. Gnizot." lege education, and in this coun-

— Two hundred girls are now try, one in every 200: being educated in the medical —The Independent is discussing schools of India. an interesting question called forth by the article on the Ne- —The fourteenth and last vol- gro Problem by Senator Eustis in ume of the Encyclopaedic Dic- in the Forum for Octobor. tionary has been published by Dr. Haygood's reply to the Messrs. Cassell & Co. This work, Louisiana Senator was published which has been in preparation for in the Independent for November nearly seventeen years, will con- 8. The editor then asked a num- tain about 50,000 more words ber of prominent educators and than any other existing diction- others in the South interested ary, extending to 5,629 pages. in the subject, to give their opin- — Henry Plummer Cheatham, ion of Dr. Haygood's views, and the only negro in the Fifty-first of the Negro question. From the Congress, is a graduate of Shaw nature of the responses this will University, and a teacher by pro- prove even more than an intester- fession. ing debate. The negro is here. The conditions of his presence —-A system something like our as a fact. sooner Chautauqua educational plan ap- meet us The the issue is brought clearly and pears to have been adopted in England. The Local Examina- coolly before the minds of intel- ligent people, the sooner will the tion Syndicate at Cambridge has question assume its proper fea- published the regulations for the tures. This can well be done new scheme for the promotion ot through the columns of the maga- home study. An ordinary stu- zines. dent is to pay 10 s. for one course and 19 s. for two courses, while —A certain "sermon" in the four courses, (covering a year) Haverfordian for February brings will cost £\ 7s. By the formation up the question, "For what pur- THE GUILFORD COLLEGIAN. 75 pose does the students' periodical educational history of his native exist?" "Whatever is, is right." state." Students' journals are found in Mr. Charles Lee Smith is a numbers and in variety so there pioneer in this particular field of must be some demand for such investigation and there can be no literature, or some purpose in the doubt as to the benefit conferred production of it, else it would not on his native state by putting into exist. This demand or purpose, such tangible form the results of whatever be its nature, will regul- his most thorough investigations. ate the character of the journal. From this it follows that that Dl^EGTOI^Y. journal will be successful which JOHN BRIGHT LITERARY SOCIETY. design for President Herbert W. Reynolds. accomplishes the which | — Vice President— Chas. L. Van Noppen, it was instituted. Then the ques- j Secretary— Anna V. Edgerton. tion in the minds of editors is, not! Treasurer—Allen B. Coltrane. "which shall it be, bread or can- Librarian —Zella McCulloch. Marshal—Ed. E Bain. dy?" but "what shall it be for?" PHILAGOREAN LITERARY SOCIETY. Let the answer to this question be President — Rachael Massey. kept well in mind and honest, in- Vice President—Kathrina Holcombe. Secretary—Emma L. White. dustrious efforts to carry it out will Treasurer—Zella McCulloch. meet a just reward, whether it be Librarian—Bessie Meader. in a lengthened subscription list, Marshal -Martha Hammond. WEBSTERIAN LITERARY SOCIETY. or in the literary advancement of President — Charles Ragan. the institution for the benefit of Vice-President — David White, jr. which it is undertaken. Secretary— E. M. Wilson. Assistant Secretary — Elijah Hare. The History of Education in North Treasurer — J. H. Peele. Carolina, by Charles Lee Smith, Fel- Librarian — J. C. Coltrane. low in History and Politics, Johns Marshal— R. H. Cronk. Hopkins University. CLAYTONIAN LITERARY SOCIETY. President Milton Burrows. This is the title of a valuable —John V.Pres. and Treas. — C.L. VanNoppen. to to addition the "Contributions Secretary — F. B. Benbow. American Educational History," Assistant Secretary —Edward E. Bain Marshal — Richard D. Robinson. edited by Herbert B. Adams. Quoting from Commissioner FOR WATCHES, CLOCKS, SILVERWARE, Dawson's letter to the Secretary SPECTALLES, &c, GO TO

of the Interior, "It is an original $. J|. YW@§tHIT©l», and valuable contribution and deserves to be widely read." The THE WATCH MAKER, author "gives the results of a thor- Benbow House, GREENSBORO. School Medals and Badges made to order. Repair ough and careful study of the ing a specialty. THE GUILFORD COLLEGIAN.

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COITTEITTS.

How Little We Know. Judge Robert P. Dick 77 Biographical Sketch of Dougan Clark. Dr. Nereus Mendenhall 83 Education in the Far West. Will H. Root 86 Liberty in America. Lola S. Stanley 88 Y. M. C. A. Convention. L. L. H 92 Editorials 94 Personals 96 Locals 98 Literary 100 Charter of Guilford College 101 Directory 102

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Vol. I. MARCH, 1889. No. 3

HOW LITTLE WE KNOW.— III.

JUDGE ROBKRT P. DICK.

[Judge Dick informs us that in I been operating slowly but surely the article published in this num- in preparing and preserving the ber of our magazine, he has fol- earthly habitation of mankind. lowed the course of the address The sun is only a little star in prepared for delivery at Friends' the immense cluster of the Milky School, but has made additions, Way, shedding comparatively fee- filling up brief outlines. Future ble beams of light in the limitless articles will be extracts of the ad- realms of the universe, and yet it dress enlarged into the form of is more than a million times short essays.] larger than the earth. If the sun THE EARTH. was represented by a globe thirty

I will now proceed to consider feet in diameter, the earth in a the second division of my subject, proportionate measurement would and briefly refer in general terms be like a small particle of gold to man's limited knowledge of dust, perceptible only by its the earth upon which he dwells. gleam of reflected light. We This is certainly a wonderful re- may well doubt whether the re- striction of the fields of my for- flected light of the earth can be mer enquiry. seen from the sun.

In the first place I will take a The mind can have no clear broad and comprehensive view of conception of 92,000,000 of miles the earth's physical structure and —the computed distanee of the its relations to other spheres that earth from the sun —and yet this exist in the wide fields of shore- inconceivable distance is only an less immensity, encompassed by unit of measurement when com- eternity, before I consider with puting the distances of the fixed some particularity the various stars within the range of vision, natural elements and forces which and they are by no means on the from the earliest ages of time have outward vergfe of the universe. 78 THE GUILFORD COLLEGIAN.

Although the earth occupies is something over 3,000 feet, and snch a comparatively insignificant the highest altitudes of the moun-

position in the immeasurable am- tains that man can ascend is about

plitude of the universe, still it is three miles. So it appears that a magnificent edifice —a complex man can have access to only a and wonderful terrestrial machine, small portion of the surface of by whose operations the Great the earth—can reach only three Designer carries out his plans and miles in altitude, and has pene- purposes for the benefit of the trated only a little more than one human race, which he has created half mile in one part of the crust and placed in partial dominion of the terrestrial globe. over the works of his hands. If the size of the earth was rep- Only a small part of the earth resented by a globe two feet in lies within the scope of man's diameter, and we could with some supremacy and the range of his delicate engraving instrument

investigations. It is estimated to carve the depressions and eleva- be 25,000 miles in circumference, tions of the earth's surface in rel- with a diameter of 8,000 miles. ative proportions, the inequalities About one fourth of the earth's of the globe could scarcely be

surface is land, and the rest lies felt by the touch of the most sen- beneath unfathomable oceans, sitive nerve. wide extended seas and lakes, Independent of the information and the rushing currents of mighty which God has revealed in his

rivers. A large part is within the word, how few and inadequate almost impenetrable Polar re- are the means and opportunities gions. Vast districts are cover- of acquiring accurate and relia- ed with uninhabitable deserts, ble knowledge of the infinitely broad plains of gloomy sterility, remote periods of the primeval pestilential swamps, inaccessible history of the world. Legends, jungles and the inapproachable traditions and fragmentary records altitude of mountains. There are of the cosmogony of the earth also immense territories of won- have existed among the most en- drous and exhaustless fertility, lightened peoples of antiquity, where nature reigns in pomp and and many of their theories and splendor, with such prodigal lux- conjectures have come down to uriance of production and such modern times, but they are con- wantonness of vegetative power fused, unsatisfactory and evident- as to successfully resist the domin- ly fanciful. ion of man. From sacred history we feel as- The deepest mine in the world sured that there was once a time, THE GUILFORD COLLEGIAN 79 in the eternity of God, when "the and within the bosom of the earth was without form, and void earth, from which have been de- and darkness was upon the face rived some probable inductions,

I that all reasonable theories of the deep." believe | many and scientists now agree that the days numerous plausible conjectures, of creation mentioned in the Bi- but geological science in its pres- ble were creative periods of long ent condition of advancement fur- duration — mill'eniums of years. nishes only a few veritable facts That during the first period the and little accurate knowledge. omnipotent power, wisdom and It is scarcely possible for man- goodness of God were exerted by kind to penetrate those oblivious means of the agencies of light, ages, and consider with any de- heat and other forces, in arrang- gree of certitude the condition of ing and constructing the confused things when the earth was a melt- and formless materials and ele- ed mass — a fierce furnace- fire, ments of the chaos into their glowing with fervid intensity, fus- original cosmic order and energy. ing and commingling the materi- During the succeeding periods als of matter— which the gradual of the grand panoramic drama of cooling of radiation formed into revelation, the various agencies the various clays, sands, marls, and processes of divine creation minerals and rocks that compose and development were in constant the surface crust of the terrestrial operation in preparing the earth globe; the time when the thick, as a suitable and glorious habita- enveloping, vaporous clouds pour- tion for man. The narrative in ed down their deluges of rain, the Bible is only an outline cata- forming ocean rivers that bore on logue of the results of creative their mighty torrents the massive will and omnific power, and does grinding glaciers that wore down not give with much particularity the solid hills and with disin- the divine, originating and causa- tegrated particles formed the sed- tive means and methods by which imentary strata and fertile soils such results were accomplished, on which grew dense forests of and by which they have been enormous trees, arborescent plants preserved in persistent action in and clamboring vines, interming- succeeding ages. led in the vigorous and clustering There are some vestiges of profusion of tropical luxuriance, those primitive ages of creation which in after times submerging in the drifts, debris, fossils, rock- waters, commingled with bitumen, tablets and strata formations, deposited and pressed into beds, which are found upon the surface seams and fields of coal; of the 8o THE GUILFORD COLLEGIAN. times when herds of mammoths, or efforts to appease their appe- mastodons and other gigantic tites or to satisfy their instincts beasts roamed over the rich pas- of hatred or distinctiveness. tures of the hills and valleys with From the aqueous and igneous more than elephantine magnitude; rocks, metalic veins, carbonifer- when ferocious and carniverous ous deposits, stratified layers and animals filled the forests with the other structural formations found startling turmoil of angry and upon or within the surface of the savage howls and roars, the plaint- earth; and from the remains and ive cries of distress and fear, and fossils of marine animals, fishes, the hurried flights of terror; when sea shells and other substances of the oceans, seas and rivers teem- ocean beds, found on elevated ed with voracious fishes and Le- plateaus and mountain summits, viathan-like monsters of the deep, the scientist can reasonably infer which in sportive play, or in pur- that there were in former ages suit of food, made the waters roll wonderful geological changes, and seethe with swelling waves transformations and revolutions,, crested with billowy foam; when caused by the intense energy and enormous and hideous reptiles of power of elastic and expansive strange forms and habits prevail- gasses and other cosmic forces ed in prolific abundance— some generated by internal fires; when basked in torpid sluggishness on subsiding continents were sub- sunny slopes or in shallow, tepid merged by overwhelming waters, pools—some with sail-like wing and from the beds of displaced flew above the insect -infested oceans new continents were up- marshes — some in the folds of heaved, diversified by hills, val- their deadly coils awaited their leys and plains, intersected, irri- enemies or their prey—some drag- gated and drained by musical ged their slow scaly lengths rills, shining streams and mighty along through slimy fens and oozy rivers; when were reared the mas- swamps—some glided with wind- sive mountain structures, so vast ing trail through tangled jungles in extent, so wisely and wonder- or forest labyrinths, seeking vic- fully arranged and located, so tims, refuge or repose — some grand in their altitudes, and so crawled through the dense tree beneficent in their agencies in the tops or hung suspended from low, economy of nature; when the arching branches. Among all volcanoes from their crater fur- beasts, animals, fishes, reptiles naces unfurled their lurid banners and fowl there was perpetual war- of smoke and flame, and poured fare — a fierce struggle of defence, forth their missiles of ashes, sco- — —

THE GUILFORD COLLEGIAN. riae, ponderous rocks and streams the teachings of God's revealed of molten and glowing lava—ob- word. The discoveries of science jects of terrific sublimity, pro- have disclosed no facts or theories ducing local devastation, yet bless- more grand and magnificent than ings to mankind, as they are safe- those which the pen of inspiration ty-valves that mitigate the con- has portrayed with graphic and vulsive throes of the earthquake, vivid beauty and sublimity. and prevent the giant forces gen- No scientist in the loftiest efforts erated by internal fires from rend- of imaginative genius ever had ing in universal ruin the crust of such transcendant conceptions of the globe. the wonders and mysteries of cre- When coral reefs, rock-bound ation as the glorious visions that coasts, sandy shores and craggy beamed upon the mental and spir- head-lands were placed as impass- itual perceptions of the Hebrew able barriers, to confine the ocean prophets and bards. in the deep and wide-extended Man may learn more of the main, there ever to be structure of the earth than is re- vealed in the Bible, but there can "The glorious mirror, where the Almighty's form Glasses itself in tempests; in all time be no truth of geological science Calm or convulsed— in breeze, or gale, or storm that is inconsistent with, or op- Icing the pole, or in the torrid clime Dark heaving; boundless, endless and sublime posed to truths that are revealed. The image of eternity." Man has discovered that the earth

These vestiges of creative pe- is like a great book, on whose riods known to science, have been surface and fossiliferous strata appropriately styled "The Foot- pages the finger of God has writ- prints of the Creator," but they ten and printed wonderful lessons can never lead us back through of knowledge, and painted and the oblivious darkness of time to carved forms and pictures of ex- those remote primal ages and en- quisite beauty; but man has not able us to acquire certitude of yet learned how to read and com- knowledge as to the means, agen- prehend them with full and clear cies and methods by which God, intelligence. They express some in the sublime and mysterious of the thoughts and purposes of solitude of his eternity and om- God in the creation of the earth, nipotence, exercised the attributes and we must study them in the of his wisdom, goodness and pow- light of revelation if we expect to er for his own glory and to pre- interpret them aright and trans- pare blessings for mankind. late them into language that ex-

Many of the thoughts which I presses correct knowledge. have expressed were suggested by The hieroglyphics on the ruins 82 THE GUILFORD COLLEGIAN. of Egypt represent to a very lim- rate science. Theories after the- ited extent the thoughts, feelings ories have been formed, and for a and purposes of a people whose time have been eloquently and language has long ago been buri- elaborately maintained by learn- ed in the silence and solitude of ed and earnest advocates, but the past; and the patient and la- many of them have been explod- borious investigation and research ed by further researches and more of learned scholars have not yet accurate experiment and logical enabled them to comprehend the inductions. teachings of those carved records The pathway of this young sci- of by-gone ages; and they have ence has thus far been strewn with discovered only a few keys to un- the wrecks and debris of fanciful,

lock those store-houses of old j unfounded and often impious con-

Egyptian lore. jjectures. I readily concede that God has endowed mankind. withrt-geology has made some valuable the faculties of reason, memory, acquisitions of knowledge, and i perception and judgment, and the with firm steps is moving steadily j light of his word, that they may onward in the pathways of en- by investigation and experiment, lightened progress. I feel well slowly, cautiously and reverently assured, from the achievements of j read the great volume of nature the past, that it will in no distant and learn something of its won- period in the future, reach the drous lessons. higher levels of surer and richer God intended that man should investigation, and build grand learn science in the great school- and enduring structures of science house of nature, under the guid- on the firm foundations of natural ance of the sure lessons of reve- and revealed truths, and be a de- lation. Man has made valuable vout member of the sisterhood of discoveries of the properties and the sciences which are ever re- operations of a few natural ele- vealing more and more the unity ments and agents, but he has, as of nature and the universal har- yet, scarcely entered the vestibule mony that prevails among the of the great temple where nature manifold works of the Creator. worships its Maker and Governor Greensboro, N. C. by implicit obedience to his laws. [TO BE CONTINUE!").] The well ascertained facts and clearly established truths of ge- ological knowledge are, as yet So live that when thy life has comparatively too few to consti- fled no one may say of thee, "this tute a comprehensive and accu- man is dead." THE GUILFORD COLLEGIAN. 83

BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCH OF DOUGAN CLARK.

Dr. NEREUS MFNDENHALL.

I have been requested to pre- ty, N. C, and was born on 3rd of pare for The Collegian a sketch 10 month, 1783. There is but of the life of Dougan Clark who little known of his childhood, was the first superintendent of though he was often heard to say New Garden Boarding School. that at a very early age he felt We were two years for the most the visitations of divine love and part in the same building, but our suffered condemnation when he duties were almost entirely sepa- had done wrong. rate and we were not often thrown His parents had been zealous directly into each other's com- Presbyterians, but during his mi- pany. His business was to pro- nority they joined the Society of vide for the family, keep the Friends. At their request he also accounts and have a general over- was received into membership, sight of property and persons, but it is not probable that the My business was to teach in the peculiar principles of the Society school room seven or eight hours had then any particular weight a day, attend the boys at all col- with him. lections, be with them at all their About his 1 8th year, falling in meals, read the Bible to them with the Methodists, his mind every evening, attend them twice was powerfully arrested, and, as a week in going to and returning an itinerant preacher in high from meeting, have 'the Scripture estimation, he for a time, minis- lessons twice a week—be at the tered among them with fervent afternoon collection on First-days zeal. He afterwards retired to a when the Superintendent read more private life, but still remain- mostly from the writings of early ed an active member of that so- Friends — to the collected family ciety, and about the 25th year of — all this besides seeing the boys his age married Nancy Wel- go orderly to their lodging room, bourne, a young woman of the and being held generally respon- same profession. sible for care and oversight by His right of membership still day and by night—so that it may continued in the Society of be readily seen that there was but Friends. He had been treated very little time for social inter- with—but not disowned. The course between Dougan Clark discipline of the Friends was at and myself. that time very rigid on the subject He was the son of William and of marriage. When marriages Eleanor Clark, of Randolph coun- were accomplished otherwise 84 THE GUILFORD COLLEGIAN. than between members and ac- ducements to dissuade him from cording to the prescribed order, yielding to his convictions, he unless satisfaction was made, was nevertheless enabled to an- monthly meetings dealt with and swer all their objections and to disowned the offending persons. sustain the ground which he had When Dougan Clark was visited taken. Constantly now attend- on this occasion, he informed the ing the meetings of Friends, and committee that he had not the after a time making request, he least prospect of conforming to was again received into member- their rules When, however, the ship and not long after his mouth copy of the minute of disownment was opened in public testimony. was presented to him he was In 1817 he was acknowledged deeply impressed and, as he said, as a minister and was soon after "felt like a poor outcast with the engaged in visiting the meetings hedge taken away from around of his own and other quarterly him." For the remainder of the meetings. His wife also become day he gave up all business, walk- an exemplary member, but in ed alone in a forlorn state of mind; 1 82 1 she was removed by death, and as he afterwards said, did not leaving him with six small chil- enjoy a moment of satisfaction till dren. Her close was calm and he was again received into mem- peaceful. She requested that her bership. children might be brought up in He now passed through great the way of Friends. conflicts, and although he con- Faithfully exercising his gift in tinued to frequent the meetings his own and the surrounding of the Methodists, yet there was quarterly meetings, in 1822 he given him so clear a sense of the paid a general visit to the meet- insufficiency of all mere human ings of Ohio and Indiana. In activity in religious worship, and the 5th month, [823, he married that duty required him to walk in Asenath Hunt, a daughter of a different path—that on one oc- Nathan Hunt. In 1828, he at- casion when he stood up for ser- tended the Yearly Meetings of vice, he felt such a secret check Ohio and Indiana; and in 1834, in his mind that he was constrain- he and his wife, who also was a ed to sit down and take no part faithful minister, united in a visit in the meeting. During these to the Yearly Meetings of Phila- trials, visited by some of the most delphia, New York and New Eng- influential members and ministers land. They attended all the of the Methodist connection, who meetings of Philadelphia and offered many arguments and in- New England yearly meetings a —

THE GUILFORD COLLEGIAN. 85 and many of those belonging to to him new business of book- New York—among which was keeping—but very intent to have the half-year's meeting of Canada. everything there precisely cor- In 2nd month, 1837, they re- rect. A genial, affable, hearty moved to New Garden Boarding man— whose feelings, pleasant or School where they held the place earnest or impetuous, mantled of Superintendents for six years. over his face—and whose emo- In 1844, with the necessary tions could be read there as plain- certificates he, with his wife, visit- ly as from his words. Both of ed all the meetings of Friends in them however—he and his wife Ireland, Scotland and Wales and preached what may be called the the greater part of those in Eng- old-fashioned Quaker doctrine. land—attending Dublin yearly The time had not yet come when meeting twice and London once. persons under the name of Friends In this visit he was often enlarged were trying to evade the plain in his gift and enabled clearly to force of the words that "the unfold the doctrines of the gospel grace of God which brings salva- evidently to the comfort and edi- tion hath appeared unto all men, fication of many minds. &c." They both preached a plain, He embraced the principles of practical gospel, and Dougan,

Friends from clear conviction in especially, I remember well, had his own mind and held them but little patience with fine-spun, sacred to the latest period of his long-drawn doctrinal distinctions. life. He often expressed his un- He was not a man of outward shaken belief that if the principles learning, but being learned in the promulgated by our early Friends school of Christ and disciplined were not the true religion, there under the cross, he was enabled was no true religion in the world. to speak a word in season to those His ministry was sound, clear that were weary and to bring out and convincing He was con- of the treasury things both new cerned to turn hearts of mankind and old. from a dependence on man and During many years he suffered books to the inspeaking word of from ill-health and in the spring divine truth in their own hearts. of 1855, it was evident that his While Asenath, as a minister was, strength was declining. He read very deliberate and rather logical the Scriptures daily and walked in her discourses, Dougan was much alone. more ardent and impulsive— A few days before he was con- genial, kind-hearted man; some- fined he took a very humiliating

times much perplexed over the view of himself and his past life S6 THE GUILFORD COLLEGIAN. as being strewed with many in- leave of him, he said he should firmities, but said to his wife that never see him again —but wanted if it were to go over again, it him to know that death was no might not be better—perhaps terror to him — for he never felt worse. After a pause, he re- more quiet in his life. marked that he did not wish to He was confined to bed about say much for there was a great two weeks and during the last deal too much said, but he wanted week he seldom spoke so as to be no one to be uneasy about him. understood. He quietly passed He had had the night before a away on the 23rd of 8th month, clear evidence that all would be 1855, and so great was the so- well with him. His deep conflicts lemnity that it seemed there could of mind had been accepted and hardly be stronger evidence that he trusted alone in the goodness an immortal spirit had entered into of God through Jesus Christ. rest. He was in his 72nd year After this, he spoke but little ex- and had been a minister about 38 cept to express his deep quietude years. of mind. One of his sons taking-

EDUCATION IN THE FAR WEST.

WILL H. ROOT.

It maybe of interest to some of which their plans have matured your patrons and readers to know and the success which has attend- that while you in the far East are ed their efforts is perfectly mar- striving to place your educational vellous. Although the present system upon a high plane, and are system was a subject of much making every effort to instruct thought on the part of some of and to advance your young peo- our prominent citizens for many ple in the way of all intellectual years past, it did not assume shape improvement, that away in the until July 29th, 1879, when a deed far distant West—beyond the tow- of trust was executed for the land ering snow -clad peaks of the upon which the University of Rockies—in the sun-kissed land Southern California proper to-day of Southern California—there are stands in Los Angeles. In June, noble men, and women too, who 1880, the trustees decided to place have planned and are still plann- upon the market thirty lots at ing for this country's educational $200 each—although the market

interests, and the rapidity with I value was only $50 each — believ- THE GUILFORD COLLEGIAN. 87

ing that friends would buy them, scheme, however, was carried into knowing they would reach the effect, and thus began the system assumed value in due time. The of locating branches of the Uni- lots were taken, a contract let for versity at different points of the a small building in which to open country, "thus," in the words of the work, and the corner stone one of the projectors, "establish- laid on Sept 4th, and the building ing the work nearer the homes of completed Oct. 6th, 1880. the people, instead of bringing stu- In January, 1881, they began dents from their homes to mass

the publication of an eight page them together, making it more monthly devoted to the interests difficult to control them." Hence of the University. This did ex- we have the University proper at cellent service for two years, when West Los Angeles, controlling other periodicals took its place. the following different branches:

The University is controlled by The "Chaffey College of Agri- the Conference of the Methodist culture," at Ontario. Episcopal Church of California. The "College of Liberal Arts," In 1882 an offer was made the at West Los Angeles. University by Chaffey Bros. .found- The "College of Medicine," at ers of the colony of Ontario, 38 Los Angeles. miles east of Los Angeles, to es- The "Collegeof Music," at West tablish a branch of the University Los Angeles. at Ontano, to be called the "Chaf- The "College of Theology," at fey College of Agriculture," in San Fernando, Cal. consideration of which the Uni- The "College of Art," at San versity should receive certain Diego, Cal. lands and lots within said colony. The "College of Applied Sci- This scheme met with special ob- ences," at Inglewood, Cal. jection from three of the trustees, Besides which the University one of which was that "after erect- also controls Seminaries at the ing a suitable building the Col- following places: Escondido, Ri- lege would have only three or four alto, Montaloo, San Luis Obispo, thousand dollars as an endowment Tulare and Los Angeles, all of fund and prove a burden to the which are in full running order or University." We of Ontario to- are in process of erection. As an day are proud of the fact that our indication of the advance in value Chaffey College of Agriculture of the University property and

has an interest-bearing endow- lands, the present value is within ment fund of ($200,000.00) two a few hundreds of four millions hundred thousand dollars. The dollars. Hon. E. F. Spence, ex- 88 THE GUILFORD COLLEGIAN. mayor of Los Angeles, has do- I said before, an endowment fund nated fifty thousand dollars to of ($200,000) two hundred thous- build an observatory, which will and dollars. It has a staff at be located on Wilson's peak of present of six professors and the San Gabriel range of moun- teachers, and the work is carried tains. Other gifts have followed on in a manner which would be the above, and the President of creditable to much older institu- the University has negotiated for tions. I will only add, in conclu- a forty inch lens telescope, which sion, that should any of your pa-

is lat-ger than that of the Lick ob- trons or patrons children ever

servatory, now the largest in the wander to this ' land of the sett- world. ing sun," to "this land of golden A few words now in regard to grain and grains of gold, on whose

our local College and I shall have mountains the snows never melt, done. The corner stone of our and in whose valleys the roses College of Agriculture was laid never fade," you may assure them

March 17th, 1883, and I might that they will find here equal fa- here say that so far as known' this cilities for the education of the

is the only town in the United youth to that which they have States whose first corner stone laid been accustomed in their Eastern was the corner stone of a College. homes. He who builds either a town or a I trust the star of Guilford Col- character upon the corner stones lege will ever be in the ascendant of education, honesty, industry and that the "Guilford Collegian" and integrity, builds wisely. The may wield a power of influence

founders of the Colony wisely for all that is good, for all that is conceived the idea of inserting in noble. each deed of property sold a clause Ontario, California. prohibiting the sale of liquor, and in case of violation of the clause LIBERTY IN AMERICA. the land in question reverts to the LOLA S. STANLEY, company. The result is that to- day we have a population of two On the discovery of the New thousand people and not a single Hemisphere, the. tradition was

saloon, but on the other hand six spread through the old, that it church organizations, a College, concealed a fountain whose waters well attended, a central scoool have power to restore age to its with three teachers, two other prime. The tradition contained public schools and two more con- a savour of truth, but the youth templated. Our College has, as to be renewed was the youth of THE GUILFORD COLLEGIAN. 89 society, the life to bloom afresh to enthrall them with a tyranny was the life of the race. far worse than that of king or

Although America is the young- emperor. est nation in the world, there has Now the discovery of America sprung up in her borders a pros- came to offer liberty to the op- perity unparalleled in the annals pressed, a refuge where they of human affairs. From a state could worship God unmolested. of great poverty and feebleness, Hither came these liberty loving our country has grown to one of people, a class which represented opulence and power; her agri- the ripest religious and political culture and her manufactures ideas of the old world. That have flourished together; by a which lay nearest their hearts, wise system of free education and that which they above all de- a free press, knowledge has been manded was freedom to worship disseminated, and the arts and God. To this panting for free- sciences advanced; progress in dom half the American States religious culture and training has owe their existence, and all but been marked; and she has made one or two their increase in popu- such a moral and social advance- lation. ment as the world has never be- The Pilgrim Fathers merit fore seen. gratitude as being the guides and Chronologically, the discovery pioneers of the colonization of the of America coincides with the . Through scenes of close of the middle ages, and gloom and misery, they showed with the opening of that drama the way to an asylum for those which is called modern history. who would go to the wilderness

The coincidence is in many ways for liberty of conscience. They significant- The close of the mid- first trod the soil of the New dle ages was characterized by the World, scattering the seminal increasing power of the crown in principles of republican freedom all the great countries of Europe, and national independence. They and by symptoms of popular rest- formed the mould for the civil and lessness in view of this increasing religious character of New Eng- power. It was characterized also land's institutions. " As one small by the great Protestant outbreak candle may light a thousand, so against the despotic pretensions the light here kindled has shone of the church which, once in its to many, yea in some way to the antagonism to the rival temporal whole nation." power, had befriended the liber- They have been rightly called ties of the people, but now sought the "earliest champions of civil go THE GUILFORD COLLEGIAN. rights and the builders of the cultivated land where they were Union." " Without the Pilgrim exposed to all hardships to which

America would have been a delu- the human nature is liable; and sion and 1 iberty only a dream." they grew by neglect. There- The French Huguenots figure fore, when England began to care largely in the growth of our free for them, and to place impositions government, and the United upon them they unitedly declared

States is full of their monuments. themselves free and independent, The hall in Boston where the and nobly took up arms in their eloquence of New England "rock- own defence. Not as revolution- ed the infant spirit of independ- ary, not as destructive, but simply ence," was the gift of the son of a giving utterance to the thought Huguenot, and when the struggle of the nation, the states stood up for independence, came they gave in succession, in the presence of largely of their wealth for this one another and before God and beloved cause. the world, to bear their witness in In the peaceful Quaker colony in favor of restoring independence of Pennsylvania, William Penn to the conscience and the mind. said: "I will found a free colony " The declaration ofindepender.ee for all mankind." How well his rested on the laws of nature and work was done was told, when of nature's God." the bells of his capital city rang Then came the long struggle out the glad notes of American and final separation from Great independence. Britain. Theirindependencewon, The immense majority of the the next step was the formation of people of the government. The working out of were Protestant dissenters. the system of federalism in our "From end to end of their conti- national constitution by Hamil- nent; from the rivers of Maine and ton, Madison and their associates, the hills of to the was the finest piece of construc- mountain valleys of Tennessee, tive statesmanship the world has and the borders of Georgia, one ever seen. Not that these states- voice called to another, that all men originated this principle; but men have a natural and inalien- they only gave form to the prin- able right to worship God accord- ciple which was latent in the cir- ing to the dictates of their own cumstances under which the group consciences and understandings." of American colonies had grown Oppression planted the colo- up, and which suggested itself so nies in America. The early set- strongly that the clear vision of tlers fled from tyranny to an un- these thinkers did not fail to seize THE GUILFORD COLLEGIAN. 9* upon it, as the principle upon ant ideas and the natural love of which alone could the affairs of a freedom. Had the Americans great people, spreading' over a been skeptics; had they wanted vast continent, be kept in a posi- faith, they would have founded tion approaching something like nothing. In this universal free- permanent peace. This principle dom of conscience, of worship, in its various applications, is so and of the use of reason publicly familiar to Americans to-day, that in all things, America, composed we seldom ever pause to admire as it were of emigrants from ma- it, any more than we stop to ad- ny countries, formed her nation- mire the air we breathe, and the ality. sun which gives us Light and life; De Tocqueville said he regard- yet if no other political result ed the progress of democratic could be pointed out as coming principles in government as a from the colonization of America, providential fact—the result of a this event could be justly regard divine decree. Says Emerson: ed as the most important in the "Our whole history appears like a history of mankind. last effort of the Divine Provi- In the late civil war the ques- dence in behalf of the human tion was settled whether this great race." "It seems as if God were principle of union, joined with in- not only preparing in our civiliza- dependence, should be overthrown tion the die with which to stamp by the first deepseated social dif- the nations of the earth, but as if ficulty, or should it stand as an he were also massing behind that example of priceless value to oth- the power with which to press it." er ages and other lands. The so- If human progress follows a law of development, and "time's no- lution was well worth the cost. blest offspring are the last," we The federal principle passed are the noblest, since we are the through this fearful ordeal and heirs of other generations, and came out stronger than ever. we are not only the last in respect The victory so dearly purchased to power, but there are no other lands to be discovered- ours is and so humanely used was an — the last. Ours is the elect nation; earnest of future peace and hap- we are the chosen people. If piness for the world. America is faithful to her trust, The establishment of freedom whatever difficulties she may have of conscience, which brought with to surmount she may reasonably look forward to a time when she it absolute freedom of mind, of has produced a civilization grand- inquiry, of speech and of the press, er than the nations have ever was in the several States the fruit, known. not of philosophy, but of Protest- Let us hope that America is to 92 THE GUILFORD COLLEGIAN. become the representative of the direction we proceeded at once to largest liberty, the purest Chris- the rooms of the Wilmington As- tianity, the highest civilization, sociation. Here we registered, with institutions peculiarly devel- presented our credentials, and re- oped so as to impress herself upon ceived each a card introducing us mankind, will spread her influence to the family in which we were over all the earth. most hospitably and generously It is pleasant to feel that the dis- entertained while in attendance passionate contemplation of great upon the convention. We were masses of historical facts goes far distributed over the city, no two toward confirming our faith in this of us being sent to the same ultimate end; and in the distance household. We all carry with us we see a world covered with cheer- a grateful appreciation of the cor- ful homesteads, blessed with a diality with which we were receiv- Sabbath of perpetual peaee. ed into the beautiful Christian homes of the city by the sea. Promptly at 8 p. m. the Conven- Y. M. C. A. CONVENTION. tion assembled in the First Bap- tist Church, and were welcomed New Garden, N. C, ) in a happy and instructive address '89. March 21-24, f by the Pastor, Dr. Pritchard, who On the morning of the 21st of with the officers of the church March, Guilford's six delegates kindly gave the use of their com- to the State Y. M. C. A. Conven- modious building for the sessions tion made an early start for Wil- of the Convention. mington, in which city the con- The address of welcome was vention was held. responded to by the chairman, At New Garden station we Mr. Burkhead, of Raleigh, editor met with a delegation from Win- of the North State Prohibitionist. ston-Salem, among whom were Other services of Bible reading, Mr. Harris, who lately visited our prayer, song, and the appointment college, and our genial and dis- of committees filled up the exer- tinguished friend Prof. W. A. cises of the evening. Blair. We also met at the same The Convention met promptly place a delegation from Oak Ridge at half past nine on Friday morn- Institute, among whom was Prof. ing. The committee on perma- M. H. Holt. At Greensboro we nent organization submitted the were pleased to fall in with the name of Prof. W. A. Blair for delegates from Trinity College. President, and M. H. Holt and D. Leaving Greensboro a few minutes G. Worth for Vice Presidents. after ten, we made a rapid and Prof. Blair merited and receiv- pleasant trip through the State to ed the thanks of the Convention Wilmington, being joined by del- for his prompt and efficient atten- egations from the University, Dur- tion to the various duties devolv- ham, Bingham school and Golds- ing upon him. Passing over the boro. We were met in Wilming- interesting and impressive exer- ton by the committee of recep- cises' of the remainder of the day, tion, and in accordance with their we pause to note two addresses of THE GUILFORD COLLEGIAN. 93 the evening session and the recep- Christian life, when we remem- tion given by the accomplished bered that we were made by the ladies of Wilmington at the rooms same mighty hand that made the of the city's association. An in- earth and the sea and all things teresting address "On Social therein. Agencies" was delivered in his Returning from this soul-inspir- happy and effective way, by the ing view of "old ocean," we as- Chairman, W. A. Blair, which was sembled again in the spacious listened to with marked attention. church and listened with deep

Also, a thoughtful and eloquent interest while J. Y. Joyner, of address was given on "Our Spir- Goldsboro, told us "how to con- itual Agencies," by Mr. Southgate ductmeetings for youngmen,"and of Durham. The most brilliant E. L. Harris, of Winston-Salem, affair of the Convention was a re- taught us "how to gather results." ception given by the Ladies' Aux- At the evening service, Mr J. R. iliary Association after the ad- Mott gave a very sound, practical journment of the evening session. address on " College Work." The courtesy and generosity of Sunday, the 24th, the last day the people of Wilmington was of the Convention, was one of beautifully and gracefully display- special interest. The morning ed by the elaborateness of the consecration service in the Bap- preparations made by the ladies tist Church was one of spiritual for a splendid social entertain- power and blessing. The first ment. Everything was done that Presbyterian Church and Grace could be for the enjoyment of the Street Methodist Church were delegates and all other members very kindly placed at the disposal of the Y. M. C. A. in attendance. of the Convention for special There were in attendance at the meetings for ladies and boys. At rooms during the evening about the evening session the vast audi- seven hundred — a company of ence was highly entertained by a young men and ladies of which a variety of addresses and es- true North Carolinian could but pecially by those of Dr. Hume, be proud, and at the same time of the State University, and Mr. devoutly thankful for the hope R. B. Glenn, of Winston—the thus inspired of a grand destiny latter paying a just and eloquent for the old North State. tribute to the good people of Wil- On the morning of the 23rd, mington. And thus closed one five of Guilford's delegates felt of the most enjoyable and profit- free in their consciences to spend able occasions it was ever our the morning in an excursion to privilege to attend. With grate- the Hammocks and the famous ful hearts we bade adieu to our beach, eight miles away, there to newly found friends and journey- sit a while by the Atlantic. The ed homeward rejoicing in our in- glory of that bright morning, as creasing love for the grand work we walked quietly and devoutly of the Y. M. C. A. along the beautiful beach, behold- L. L. H. ing the breakers, settled in our Guilford College. souls the beauty of a humble —

94 THE GUILFORD COLLEGIAN.

or" and to be trusted, and conse- Xhe (£Xuilforcl oolleoiaa. o quently we like such rules. PUBLISHED MONTHLY BY THE This leads us to ask, is too much LITERARY SOCIETIES expected of the college graduate? Is he expected to possess ALL Of Guilford College. knowledge because he has taken

a four years' course in college ? APRIL, 1889. However the questions be answer- ed in other minds, we would say Editor, ROBERT 0. ROOT, '89. '91. Financial Manager, . .JOS. MOORE LEE, humanity has a right to demand staff :

Marion W. Darden. '92, . Personals. much of the man or woman who Richard D Robinson, 91, Locals. Campbell White, '89, Literary. has been so favored; society has a right to demand of the college Terms: $i.oo per annum in advance graduate hearty co-operation in Club Rates: Six copies, $5.00. encouraging purity of life and thought, sound morals and active The Collegian is entered at the New Garden Post Office as second class matter. Christian benevolence.

The University and We are always glad of an op- Magazine the Forest Student are to portunity to speak words of com- Wake be commended for their earnest mendation, whether in behalf of individuals or communities; hence efforts to awaken a deep interest and develop more fully the study it is with pleasure that we express of the history of North Carolina. here our hearty appreciation of Every loyal Carolinian's heart is the liberality of the merchants ot thrilled with Greensboro who have so kindly noble aspirations and patriotic sentiments when he re- favored the Collegian with their advertisements. members the struggle of the early colonists against the hand of op- pression—when he thinks of the Surely no student of Guilford hardships endured for the sake of College can rightly complain of liberty and freedom of worship; needless, burdensome rules. They and when he recalls that sublime are so few in number and so easi- event in the annals of history ly observed that we seldom think the drafting of the Mecklenburg of them. In fact they are of such Declaration of Independence

a nature that an earnest, consci- his whole being is animated with entious student would naturally honest pride in admiration of the follow them of his own accord. heroic deeds of the sons and We like to be placed "upon hon- daughters of the old North State. THE GUILFORD COLLEGIAN. 95

If we would keep more of our signed to no rank or place among young men at home, show them his fellows, yet very soon his own that North Carolina has a history action determines the position he of which they might well be will occupy in the social society proud, and upon them may fall of the institution. A student the honor of making the future chooses his own standing; sel- equally as bright; if we would have dom is there a false interpretation them become "men of thought given to his behavior. The true and men of action" to guide the worth of his character is generally affairs of State, cite them to the understood. Almost unconscious- illustrious examples of Mangum, ly will he portray his preferences Yancey and Macon, whom the for that which will degrade or nation was pleased to honor;

E?EI^SONALi. Sallie Turrentine is not in school this term. She is taking

John Steed is a very successful instrumental music and having a clerk of the Naomi Manufacturing pleasant time at her home in Company, Randleman, N. C. Burlington.

John Petty is superintendent of Lemuel Reaves delights in the a Shuttle Factory at Durham, N. daily performance of such tasks C. He was in school during '76 as the school master everywhere and '77. encounters. Lizzie Coltrane teaches school Elwood C. Wright gave us a near Holly Springs. pleasant call recently. He was

W. W. Tiller is in the dairying on his way to Arkansas, where he

business with his father at his will represent J. Van. Lindley's home in Richmond, Va. nursery.

Harris Bristow is clerking at Rhodema Farlow has been near Bennettsville, S. C. Des Moines, Iowa, for the past

Luella G. Allen is teaching two years, most of the time en- school at Gravel Hill, Alamance gaged in teaching school. county, N. C. Samuel E. Woody is now work- E. P. Mendenhall is assistant ing on the farm. During the Principal of the Yadkin College winter he was found in the school High School. He has " taken room as the guide of busy lads unto himself a wife." and lassies

Charlie Tomlinson is book- Clarkson Blair has for several keeper and clerk of the Tomlinson years been teaching in the Deaf, Manufacturing company, Arch- Dumb and Blind Asylum, Ra- dale, N. C. leigh, N. C. George Scott, of Franklin, Va., Nannie Robbins- Davis, a stu- ,is the head clerk in the leading dent in '79, is one of the teachers business firm of that town. in Miss Clark's school at Oxford. Ella Lee left on Nannie and Dr. Elias Kerner, long years the 1st, for Mexico. They were ago, was a student of New Gar- at the College several days previ- den Boarding School He has ous to their departure. been a most successful physician

William Boren is secretary and and is one of the most highly

general manager of J. Van. Lind- respected citizens of Kernersville, ley's large nursery, Pomona, N. C. N. C. THE GUILFORD COLLEGIAN. 97

Thomas White and wife, Mary north-west of this place. He has

Cox White, find it very pleasant given considerable attention to keeping house near Franklin, Va., farming and fruit growing. where he had lived several years The many friends of Bunyan previous to his marriage. J. Henly will be pleased to know of Anna M. Moore, lovingly re- his success since he left New Gar- membered by all who know her, den. He is now in the employ of is cheerily performing such duties the Union Pacific Railway Com- as devolve on "our oldest daugh- pany. He also has charge of a ter." store house at Council Bluffs, Iowa. Lucius A. Ward was down a David Hodgin, of Centre, occa- few days to stand examinations. sionally visits his Alma Mater. He will complete his examinations He has been a successful teacher at the end of the year and take a for thirty years. When making a degree. visit here in '88, said he was Myrtle and Dizie Fuller have starting on his second term of the heartfelt sympathy of their thirty years, and he appears to schoolmates in the sore bereave- have maintained enough of his

ment which has so recently over- youthful vigor to accomplish it. taken them in the loss of their W. A. White, who is at present mother. book-keeper in George Abbott's Howard K. Edgerton spent a establishment in Philadelphia, is few days at the College on his spending a few weeks at his home, way home from Vanderbilt Uni- in Brunswick, N. C. When he re- versity. has recently taken He turns he will probably take his the degree of M.D. with honor, wife with him, whom all New Gar- having won three medals. den students will remember as The students were favored with Roxie Dixon. a visit from Joseph Moore, of Prof. W. A. Blair, superintend- Goldsboro, en route for north- ent of Winston Graded Schools, eastern Texas. Another of Car- was present at the organization of olina's youth has deserted her soil the Y. M. C. A. of our College. to seek his fortune in the wilds of His remarks on that occasion the south-west. shows a deep interest in us. We T. C. Starbuck, whose name we learn that his address delivered at find among the records of '49, has the Y. M. C. A. Convention re- a comfortable home and pleasant cently held in Wilmington, was family near Dover, about ten miles highly appreciated. 9§ THE GUILFORD COLLEGIAN.

LfOGALS. body come and bring some one with them."

Examinations! The Guilford Battle Ground

It is reported that some one has celebration, and Senior banquet(?) very recently developed an alarm- will soon be here. Let all go ing appetite for "RlCE." What to the celebration, and those that will be devoured next? remain will go to the banquet.

Much interest has been taken in Teacher of Botany: "What is base ball, which indicates that a plant?" there will be some good playing Student: "A plant is a vege- before the close of the term. table animal." Judge Robt. P. Dick, of Greens- The students were highly en- boro, N. C, will lecture at the tertained by Mrs. Mary Allen, of College Friday afternoon, April London, England, on the after-

1 2th, for the benefit of the Phila- noon of the 1 6th. She gave a gorean Society. Admittance 15 vivid description of her travels cents. through Europe, Egypt and the Mrs. James A. Garfield has re- Holy Land. cently honored the Claytonians If affords us much pleasure to by presenting their Society a hand- inform the friends of Guilford some picture of her late husband. College, that the students have The Clays have also lately pur- organized a Y. M. C. A., also a chased two dozen chairs for more Y. W. C. A. It is very encourag- their hall. ing to notice the increased in- Thomas Winslow was much terest taken in Christian work. surprised some days ago by re- The Professors are now very ceiving a registered letter. Im- busy holding mid-term examina- agine his amazement upon opening tions. This is a part of college it, for it only contained circulars. work which some of the students The history classes showed dread very much, but as a rule their appreciation for Pro. Woody's they get through satisfactorily. excellent teaching by presenting A Botany class has just been him with a gold fountain pen on organized by Prof. Mendenhall. his birth day, March 17th. We do not claim to be prophets, The annual entertainment of but we feel safe in saying that a the Claytonian Society will take great many flowers will find an place April the 6th. A good easy road to destruction, all for time is anticipated. " Let every- the "cause of science." —

THE GUILFORD COLLEGIAN. 99

By mistake we failed to notice there was a great interest mani- in our last issue the excellent fested in behalf of young men, lecture of Dr. Blosser, of Greens- and especially of College stu- boro, N. C., before the Temper- dents, from among whom must ance Union, March the 3rd. His come the leaders of thought and subject: "The Bible against Alco- action. hol," was treated in an easy man- The College first nine played a ner. The lecture was very highly match game with the Live Oaks, appreciated. To the Dr. we say of Oak Ridge Institute, March the come again. 7th. The game was very inter-

The young ladies desiring to esting, and for a time it was hard learn more about base ball than to say what nine would be victo- can be acquired by the very few rious. The pitching of both nines visits to the boys' games, have or- was excellent; the Live Oaks

ganized nines themselves. Con- couldn't "catch on" to our left sidering the fact that the girls hand pitcher, many retiring on "always" excel in what they un- three strikes. Owing to bad field- dertake, we are a little anxious ing our boys lost the game, Bet- about the boys holding their su- ter luck next time. premacy even in the base ball Since the girls' Base Ball Asso- line. ciation has been organized, some The Base Ball Association of of the boys are losing their balls. Guilford College will give an en- One of the fair sex captured Sta- teatainment April the 1 8th, for cy's some days ago. Look sharp, the benefit of the association. boys, yours may go next. When we remember that in order "Should you ask me, whence this whispering? to procure a good mental educa- Whence these looks and smiles so winning? tion we should not neglect the From the maiden fair and lovely, Loveliest of all the maidens, physical, we should do all in our With her eyes so heavenly blue, power to make the entertainment And her heart's wild, ceaseless throhbing. Like the surging of some brooklet, a grand success. Admittance 15 Rushing o'er the mountain ledge, cents. As it hurries ever onward?

I would answer, I would tell you, Y. sent a The M. C. A. delega- That the Spring is fast approaching, tion of six to the State Conven- With her poets and essayists With her youth and maidens fair; tion held at Wilmington. Pres't. And desire of buggy riding Hobbs, Robt. C. Root, JohnWake- Alter sunset in the twilight, In the hush of evening quiet,

field, Herbert Reynolds, Charles When the heart is overflowing, Reagan and John Benbow were Then it is the youth and maiden With a single mind and heart

the delegates. They report that Leave thus all things else behind them.'' — —r —

100 THE GUILFORD COLLEGIAN.

lilJFEI^ARY. of large numbers of students in the main buildings; second, ar- —There are about twenty miles rangement for out-of-doors in- of shelves, and a million and a struction; and third, the forma- half of books (not counting MSS.) tion, in association with the in the Imperial Public Library at university, "of a community in- Berlin. structively representative of at- — Th e Trin ity Archive fo tractive and wholesome conditions March prints the proceeding ot of social and domestic life." Ec- the Second College Congress, lectic Magazine. held at Trinity College, January 25-26. —All who are interested in institutions of learning know to —Minister Phelps regards the what extent the standing of a Encyclopedia Britannica as the student depends upon the char- most useful book in the world. Exchange. acter and the amount of physical exercise he takes. The relation —"Little Lord Fountleroy" is exercise bears to mental labor held in high estimation by Mr. varies indefinitely with the indi- Gladstone and Lord Randolph vidual; but it is no less a fact that Churchill, they having recently there is such a relation, and that purchased fifty copies each for it is acknowledged in every de- their young presents among partment of mental endeavor from friends. Ex. the school boy grappling with —Senator Stanford, a California fractions up to the scientist, author, millionaire, has allocated 2,000,- and poet. Recognizing this, all 000/. for the institution of a uni- progressive institutions of learn- versity which is to bear his name, ing have arranged for the en- and which is to provide education couragement or enforcement of from the Kindergarten stage up muscular drill among those en- to the highest point to which it trusted to their care. It must be ean be carried. Seven thousand gratifying to such institutions to acres in the valley of San Jose see the feelings of interest and are now being laid out with the appreciation of such provisions view of forming a farm and a which find expression in the col- garden around the university umns of our college journals. In buildings. The plans for the the last issue of nearly all our ex- whole structure, which have been changes is seen a revival of inter- drawn up, comprise, first, the est in athletics. Among others means of research and instruction the Swarthmore Phoenix appeals — 1 "

THE GUILFORD COLLEGIAN. IOI for additional facilities at that in- and historical interest. The Grand stitution, and endorses the action Old Man is steadily destroying all of its Faculty in regulating ath- useless or superfluous matter, but letic competition; and the Earl- he has decided that 60,000 letters hamite gives an eloquent plea for must still be preserved. a gymnasium. As a college Guil- Where She Drew the Line.— ford is young, and her students Young Boston wife (at meat stall) are not yet provided for in the — " I really don't know what to matter of apparatus for muscular get for dinner to-day." drill. This provision will not be Butcher—"Why not try some made until it can be done on a of these mutton chops, good, firm basis and in the best possible healthy food; 18 cents a pound"" manner. Young Boston wife, (puts hand We here express the hope of — to head) "Let me see- the students that this time is ap- Butcher—"What—the chops? proaching rapidly. Here they are."

— "The superior man blushes Young Boston wife— "No; I for fear lest his words should ex- was thinking." ceed his deeds." Confucius. Butcher—"About the price?."

Young Boston wife—"No; I —Inauguration week 1,467,583 was thinking whether words were sent from Washington you ought not to have said wholesome in- over Western Union wires. stead of healthy."— The Blade. Mr. Gladstone is at present en- gaged in the collection and class- OLD TRUTHS. ification of his correspondence, The golden coinage of a long past reign, Reminted oft, may circulate to-day extending over a period of fifty ; And old-world-truths, pure gold from ages grey. years, and unrivaled for personal Pass current, as new thoughts, from brain to brain.

THE CHARTER OF GUILFORD COLLEGE, AS AMENDED JAN, 25TH, 1889, FROM THE ACT OF INCORPORATION

OF NEW GARDEN BOARDING SCHOOL OF 1 833.

Section 1 . Be it enacted by the General I the name and style of the Trustees of Assembly of the State of North Carolina, Guilford College and by that name and it is hereby enacted by authority of shall have perpetual succession and a the same, That * * * * common seal ; and that they, the said * * shall be, and they are here- Trustees, by the name aforesaid, or a by declared to be a body politic and cor- majority of them, shall be able and

j porate to be known and distinguished by ; capable in law to take, demand receive, 102 THE GUILFORD COLLEGIAN.

and possess all moneys, goods and Sec. IV. And be it further enacted,

chatties and choses in action, that sli all That the said Trustees and their suc- be given them for the use of the said cessors or a majority of them, may from College, and the same apply according to time to time, make such by-laws and the will of the donors, and by gift, pur- regulations for their own government and chase and devise to take, have, hold, that of the College, and the preservation possess, enjoy and retain to them and of order and good morals therein as are their successors forever, any lands, rents, usually made in such Colleges and as to

tenements, hereditaments of what kind, them may appear expedient : Provided, nature or quality soever, in special trust the same are not inconsistent with the and confidence that the same and the Constitution and laws of the State. shall applied to profits thereof be and *Sec. V. And be it further enacted, for the use and purpose of said College. That it shall be unlawful to sell or offer Sec. II. And be it further enacted, for sale any spiritous, vinous or malt That the said trustees, or their successors, liquors within three miles of the original or a majority of them, by the name afore- college building known as "Founder's said shall have authority to confer Literary Hall}' titles, degrees and honors, .and shall also be *Sec. VI. The Trustees of said Guilford able and capable in law to bargain and College shall be members of the Society sell, grant, demand, alien, convey and of as Friends and . recognized such by assure to the purchaser or purchasers any North Carolina Yearly Meeting of Friends. such lands, rents, tenements and heredita- *Sec. VII. That the corporation of ments, aforesaid, when the condition of Guilford College is hereby extended for the grant to them or the will of the tes- ninety-nine years from the ratification of tator or devisor does not forbid it; and this act. further, that they, the said trustees, or a majority of them, and their successors * Amendments. forever, shall be able and capable in law to sue and be sued, plead and be im- DlI^EGTOI^Y. pleaded in all courls whatsoever, either in law or equity, of record or otherwise; John Bright Literary Society. and in general they shall and may do President — Herbert W. Reynolds. such other acts and things as are usualy Vice-President—Charles L. Van Noppen. Secretary Anna V. Edgerton. clone by bodies corporate, for the purpose — Treasurer— Allen B. Coltrane. of effecting the objects of this act. Librarian — Zella McCulloch. III. it further enacted, Sec. And be Marshal—Ed. E. Bain. That on the death, resignation, refusal to act or removal out of the State of any of Philagorean Debating Society. the Trustees for the time being, the re- President—Jessica Johnson. maining Trustees or a majority of them, Vice-President—Martha Woody. are hereby authorized and required to Secretary -Rachel E. Massey. Treasurer Zella McCulloch. appoint other Trustees in the place of — Librarian —Bessie Meader. one that so die, resign, refuse to every Marshal — Gertrude Smith. act or remove ; which Trustees so ap- pointed shall be vested with the same Websterian Literary Society. power, trust and authority as the one in President— Charles Ragan. whose stead he or they shall be so ap- Vice-President —David White, Jr. pointed would have had in case he or Secretary — E. M. Wilson. they had lived and continued to act. Assistant Secretary —Elijah Hare. THE GUILFORD COLLEGIAN. 10-

Treasurer — J. H. Peele. Librarian —J. C. Coltraine. WEBSTER Marshal— R. H. Cronk. THE PEST INVESTMENT the Family, Claytonian Literary Society. for School, or Professional Library. President— Allen B. Coltiane. Vice-President—Joe M. Lee. Secretary —E. D. Stranford. Librarian — Ed. E. Bain. Treasurer Joe. M: Lee. — Besides many other valuai Marshal— R. D. Robinson. A Dictionary of the Literary Society. Language Utili-Dulcian containing 118,000 Words and 3000 Engravings, President —Esper Dorset. Vice-President —Anna Anderson. jiving facts about nearly 10,000 Noted Persons, Secretary — Callie Lindley. Recording Sec— Minnie King. locating and briefly describing 25,000 Places. Librarian and Marshal — Ella McBane. Senior Class. found only in Webster's Unabridged," All in One Book. President Robert C. Root. — 3000 more Words and nearly 2000 more Illus- Secretary — Lola.S. Stanley. trations than any other American Dictionary. Robert H. Cronk, Rena G. Worth. WEBSTER IS THE STANDARD Ed. B. Moore. White. Cam Authority in the Gov't Printing Office, and with Lucius A. Ward. Joe. M. Dixon. the U. S. Supreme Court. It is recommended by the State Sup'ts of Schools of 36 States, and Y. M. C. A. by leading College Pres'ts <

The Atlanta Constitution says : Webster has

long been the standard authority in our office. The Chicago Inter Ocean says: Webster's Unabridged has always been the standard.

The New Orleans Times Democrat says : Webster is standard authority in our office. The New York Tribune says: It is recognized as the most useful existing "word-book" of the English language all over the world. Sold by all Booksellers. Pamphlet free.

G. C. > & MERRIAM & CO. , Pub'rs, Springfield, M" *.

FOR WATCHES, CLOCKS, SILVERWARE, SPECTALLES, k, GO TO

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CLOTHING, 2^ miles West of Greensboro, N. C. The main line of the R. & D. R. R. passes through the grounds and within ioo ft. of the office and residence. Salem trains make regular stops twice daily each way. Those interested in fruit or flowers are cordially invited to inspect our stock. DRY GOODS, NOTIONS, You can find Over One .Million

FINE DRESS GOODS, Fruit Irees, Vines, Evergreens, TRUNKS, UMBRELLAS, Shade Trees, Nuts, Roses, &c, in fact CURTAINS, SHADES everything usually kept in a first-class Nursery. 3 Green Houses full of a AND POLES, great variety of Will find it profitable to call on Flowers and Foliage Plants. POT HOSES for Spring planting a G. WILL. ARMFIELD, specialty. Catalogue free to all. Cor- respondence solicited.

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Special Offer to theCollege. Directs particular atention to their department for In order to avoid the rush at the close of the session, I have decided to establish a Club rate for the College students. This Fine Dress Goods will give you the advantage of the Senior Rate, and at the same time you can be AND TRIMMINGS. waited on mueh more satisfactorily than when I am crowded with work. In clubs Our $2.00 and $2.50 Ladies' of ten or more the price will be $4 per dozen. In addition to this any one get- KID BOOTS ting ud a club of ten will be entitled to are the best and most reliable in the one dozen of himself, subject to the follow- ing conditions: market. Every pair guaranteed to wear The entire club must be paid for when well. the first sitting is made. (Tickets will be A complete line of issued for those who do not wish to sit at once.) The person getting up the club will be expected to collect and pay for Gents' Furnishing Goods, the same. This means Cabinet Photographs. I A full and well stocked department o have no club rates for cards. With thanks for former patronage, I am Most respectfully, <3|aipte, 3£nmfta, S. L. ALDERMAN. $£% Subscpritlon, $LOO. 1889. Single Copies, 10 cents.

Vol. I. MAY. No. 5.

THE. MM UWm> PUBLISHED MONTHLY BY THE

liiiiepapy ^©aiefeies ®f SuiI§©Fd G©llege,

NEW GARDEN, N. C.

To the Y. M. C. A. of Guilford College. A Poem. M. M. H 105 How Little We Know. Judge Robert P. Dick 106 Biographical Sketch of David Marshall. Priscilla B. Hackney Ill Onward—Upward. Poem. John Vance Cheney 113 Our Thrushes. Prof. J. F. Davis 113 Trusts. E. E. Moore, '89 115 A Day in Venice. M. E. M 119 Editorials 121 Personals 123 Locals '. .125 Literary 127 John Bright. Poem. L. M. D 129 Directory 129

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Location 1,000 feet above sea-level and noted for healthfulness.

Moral and Religious influences good.

Students last year from eleven States and from Canada. Prices moderate.

Fall Term begins August 15, 1889.

J8@~For Catalogue and other information, address

L. LYNDON HOBBS, President, Or JOHN W. WOODY, Treasurer. The Guilford Collegian

Vol. I. MAY, 1889. No. 4.

TO THE Y. M. C. A. OF GUILFORD COLLEGE.

Life's a battle, say the wise men. And each one must fight his way, Clad complete in Christian armor, Fearless go into the fray.

Young and strong and valiant brothers, God be with you in the fight; Let His light shine on you ever, In the day and through the night.

Christ, your leader, was a young man

Walking through our mortal life, With a strong and steadfast purpose, Calm amid the din of strife.

Tempted in all points as you are, Yet without the taint of sin; Making all His outward actions Loyal to the truth within.

Living, dying for the nations, Scourged of men and spit upon,

Now is He set down forever With His Father on His throne.

Although in the highest Heaven,

He is seeking still to bless Those who wander, sorely tempted, In sin's dreary wilderness.

Plucking brands from out the burning, Seeking souls all others spurn; Binding up the broken hearted,

Teaching all who wish to learn.

He's our Saviour, was there ever Such a Friend to man as He? Giving up His home in Glory, Dying on the accursed tree. io6 THE GUILFORD COLLEGIAN.

For the joy thus set before Him, He bore the cross, despised the shame; Now because He liveth, we live And may conquer in His name.

Be it yours to follow onward Where His beacon shows the way, Searching for the lost and straying,

Working for Him while 'tis day.

Standing in your early manhood, Pure ana clean before the world;

Being in it, buc not of it, With your banner never furled.

On whose snowy folds are written That with which your lives accord.

That which strengthens all your efforts, " Holiness unto the Lord." Guilford College. M. M. H.

HOW LITTLE WE KNOW.— IV.

JUDGE ROBKRT P, DICK

THE OCEAN.

We will now take a rapid glance zone of dark blue waters, swelled at the ocean—the grandest feature with sunbeams as it extends far that we can perceive in the physi- away in the distance and softly cal structure of the earth. The blends with the azure curtain of subject presents multitudinous ob- the horizon, —and at night gleam- jects of interesting enquiry. As ing and flashing with phospho- observations through the tele- rescent radiance and sparkling scope reveal vaster fields in the with the tremulous light of golden heavens sown thickly with hither- stars, inspire thoughts of the to unknown nebula and shining beautiful that mingle with and stars; so the discoveries of science soften our higher conceptions of increase in manifold variety and the grandeur and sublimity of abundance the phenomena of the power, mystery, infinitude and ocean world. mightiness. Like other grand works of crea- The vast extent of the ocean is tion the ocean possesses many the most obvious and striking elements of beauty. Its moving characteristic. It covers more THE GUILFORD COLLEGIAN. 107 than three-fourths of the surface ocean are great sanitariums to of the earth and it is indispensa- which come the winds of the con- ble to the existence of animal tinents laden with germs of disease

and vegetable life. It has differ- and other impure and deleterious ent names in different localities, substances—there in their sportive

but it has a wondrous unity, as it play and in the wild whirls of the encircles the globe and exerts its storms to be divested of their manifold influences upon every noxious elements and rendered land and clime. It may appear salubrious; and then on their strange and inexplicable to an renovated wings they bear off the uninformed enquirer, that God in warm vapors and carry them to making the earth as the home of the cool mountain slopes and tops man should have covered such a to be condensed into clouds which large part with an uninhabitable pour out their rains to refresh, expanse of waters; but science fertilize and vitalize the wild gar- has made the reasonable inference dens of the landscape, and the that not a mile square of the vast fields of cultured productive- ocean could be dispensed with ness that supply the necessities, without some injurious conse- the comforts and enjoyments of quences to man, and to the physi- human and animal existence. cal machinery of nature. Without rains, snows and dews

There is a complex and mys- the earth would soon become a terious connection, commixture parched and barren desert; the and interaction between the natu springs would no longer gush in ral elements, agents and dynamic the valleys and from the hills forces of the land, the atmosphere and mountains, clothingthem with

and the seas. The ocean is the verdure, bloom and fruitfulness;

sewer cesspool into which is the rivers would cease their benefi- poured, through the conduits of cent and majestic flow; famine rivers, the decayed, disintegrated, and pestilence with their direful soluble and refuse matter of the scourges would sweep away the land surface of the earth, there to races of mankind, and this grand supply food for the millions of terrestrial edifice would be filled myriads of inhabitants of the deep, with death and desolation, and and to furnish materials to be become like a ruined and deserted changed by vital chemistry into temple without worshippers and bony structures, sea shells, coral without the voices and strains of reefs and the strata floor of the melody. ocean. The resistless flow and continu- The liquid, saline plains of the ous circulation of the waters con- io8 THE GUILEORD COLLEGIAN. stitute another interesting and producing dynamic displacement important characteristic of the and interchange. ocean. It is pervaded with well This subject is too intricate defined currents that sweep like and complicated to admit of dis- mighty rivers through the vast cussion in an address designed expanse, carrying enormous stores to be only general and cursory. of heat to modify the climates of These inductions may be truths, Northern lands; and there are but still there are many mysteries counter and submarine currents in relation to oceanic currents. that carry the icy waters from That ceaseless motion is the life polar regions to cool and refresh of the sea is a truth that is self the fervid climes of the torrid evident, and fully confirmed by zone. scientific observation and induc-

There is also a vertical circula- tion. The uniform oscillations of tion that, like a boiling cauldron, the tides are to a great extent in- ever making the waters of the fluenced and regulated by the sun, surface and the bottom exchange the moon, the rotation of the their places with uniform and earth and the restless, urgent ceaseless regularity. winds. The periodical ebb and These horizontal and vertical flow of the tides seem to be the currents are the arteries that pass respiration of the ocean as its through the great heart of the bosom swells and subsides with ocean and keep in continuous flow the energies of a might)' life. the pulsating, throbbing and The ocean in its varying moods vitalizing energies that influence seems to possess some of the at- so much all the departments of tributes of sentient existence. In the physical world. Inductive the placid calm it seems to repose science infers that the variation in the slumbers of weariness, but in the specific gravity of the saline there is never the complete still- waters in different parts of the ness of perfect rest; for along the sea is°the most potent dynamic sandy beach the restless waters cause of oceanic circulation. That in sobbing tones seem to murmur this variation is chiefly produced the weeping miserere of a pro- by the expanding and contract- found sorrow, —a memory of the ing powers of heat and cold, but troubles through which they there other natural agents that passed in some far off stormy sea. assist in diminishing the quantities When awakened by the fresh-

of salts held in solution, thus mak- i ening breezes, or when they roll particles ing the of water alter- I in lengthened undulations before

nately lighter or heavier, and I the steady winds, the waves have —

THE GUILFORD COLLEGIAN. 109 a solemn music far out on the in the ceaseless flow of oceanic vasty deep, —the prelude notes circulation. that will swell with choral sym- There is also a plausible theory phonies into the sublime anthems that the waters immediately above of the distant shore. the bottom of the sea are in a When aroused into fiercer action condition of almost repose; and by the clarion voice and tempest that this region is the cemetery of breath of the storm king—the innumerable millions of marine ocean, like a mighty chieftain, creatures —the mighty mausoleum marshals its crested warriors of the ocean dead. which rush with the wild shout I will regard these scientific of defiant onset to storm with inductions and conjectures as unsuccessful but ever renewed reliable facts, but still there are valortheimpregnable fortresses of numerous mysteries in the abysses the islands and the continents. of the deep sea that must ever re- They at last fail and recede from main unknown to man, as they the strife, for there is a Divine are beyond the limits of his most voice that says— "Hitherto shalt patient and diligent investigations thou come, but no farther, —and and researches. He has sent the here shall thy proud waves be sightless and voiceless plummet, stayed." with long sounding line, to a few Scientists generally believe that parts of the ocean bed and brought the bottom of the ocean is as up the calcarious remains of in- irregular in formation as the sur- fusorial and animalcule organisms. face of the earth; and is diversi- He has found curious shells, peb- fied by hills, valleys, plains, pla- bles and other waifs which the teaus and mountains, and by many restless waters have cast upon depressions of unfathomable various shores. He has gathered depth some of the floating flora that Scientists also conjecture that grew in submarine fields and gar- the fiercest energies of the winds dens. He has carefully examined as in the fury of the storm and the structure and composition of tempest they rear the mountain coral reefs, aqueous rocks and waves, and stir the broken billows marl beds. He has measured the into seething foam, —exert their height, volume and velocity of powers only a few hundred yards waves, and the broad swelling below the surface of the ocean, floods of ebbing and flowing tides. and disturb not the comparatively He has gathered scraps of in- quiet realms of the deeper waters formation from other sources, and that move with calm regularity from all of his diligently accumu- —

I IO THE GUILFORD COLLEGIAN. lated stores of knowledge, he has ous sea and explore its submerged derived plausible inductions, and plains, valleys, hills and moun- formulated ingenious theories and tains, and gather up its hidden thus constructed a fascinating treasures, and acquire full and "Science of the Seas," but still the correct knowledge of the innu- grandest secrets ofthedeep bosom merable forms of animal and of the ocean have not been dis- vegetable life; and of other won- closed. ders that exist in those un- The natural philosopher with searchable realms—where only the naked eye and with the tele- the lifeless body of man can enter scope can penetrate the aerial and find a grave. ocean that envelops the earth In those impenetrable regions larger and deeper far than the God has placed his little workers, aqueous main—and he can meas- which with unwearying industry, ure the heights of clouds, and uncomplaining toil, and unerring herald the coming of the storms; skill perform the tasks assigned he can estimate the lofty altitudes them. They purify the waters by where the thin cold atmosphere consuming foreign and noxious rests in the calm quietude of elements; they contribute largely eternal repose. He can pass be- by their combined efforts in caus- yound the^e aerial limits into the ing and preserving the life motion ethereal ocean of immensity where of the waters; and by their active the earth with her sister planets labors, and even with their lifeless revolve around the blazing sun; organisms— they construct, — in and calculate their weight, and layer after layer, edifices vaster map out their unerring orbits. and grander far than the pyramids; He can follow the comets in their solid foundations on which have eccentric flights and predict their been, and are to be formed fer- return into the fields of vision. tile islands and the extending He can call the stars by name, areas of continents. It is certainly group them into steadfast con- a strange and inexplicable mys- stellations and watch their golden tery of Divine arrangement, in chariot wheels as they roll along employing such small, feeble, and their uniform pathways in the apparently inefficient agents in infinitely distant fields of the uni- preserving the salubrity of the verse. But with all the instru- ocean and the atmosphere, in ments, appliances and agencies imparting motion to the currents of art and science, he can never that temper the climates of the descend into the silent and sunless globe, and in constructing the domains of the deep, deep aque- platforms ofislands and continents. THE GUILFORD COLLEGIAN. in

Truly "God hath chosen the not then be prized by men, but weak things of the world to many bodies that were once the confound the things which are mortal habitations of immortal mighty." and redeemed souls will become

I have not the time or space to the spiritual bodies of the just and dwell longer upon such a grand blessed, and be animated with the and extensive theme. Although attributes of the heavenly life. the ocean has so long been the And they shall pass beyond the

benefactor of man ; and since his ever restless and often stormy creation has swept around his oceans of earth, through the upper dwelling places ; has been his celestial seas, so long traversed fields of battle for empire, and his by the silent light of stars, pathways of intercourse and com- and the noiseless and viewless merce, he knows very little of the wings of ministering angels; and nature and workings of that won- where once a cloud of glory bore derful and still mysterious agent the ascending Saviour on his way of causation that God weighs and to prepare the mansions of ever- holds in the hollow of his hand. lasting rest, there to dwell in the But a time will come when the heavenly realms, where there shall ocean shall give up its caverned be no more seas—but the resplen- treasures and bodies of the dead. dentlights, peace and blessedness Its gold and precious gems will of the eternal home.

BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCH OF DAVID MARSHALL.

PRISCII.LA P. HACKNEY.

David Marshall was born in When about 15 years of age,

Green county, Tenn., 7th mo. 17, David determined to obtain a

1 82 1. He grew up on a farm and knowledge of some branches of worked with his father at harness science beyond Arithmetic and making during the winter season Geography, of which, before this, and of evenings when attending he had only heard. About this school. The schools in that part time he found a boy who had a of the country in those days were fragment of "Blair's Philosophy," quite elementary, only a few for which he gave his pocket- teachers could be found that pre- knife. The fragment only con- tended to go beyond the "Double tained the Astronomical part, and Rule of Three," Pike's Arithmetic. a portion of the work treating of ] 12 THE GUILFORD COLLEGIAN.

electricity; but there was enough three months as a student he was to enable him to construct an employed for the winter as an electrical machine with a four assistant teacher for his board and ounce vial for a cylinder, that washing. During the next sum- gave out sparks very lively and mer he taught seven or eight was quite a curiosity among his young men a few miles north of associates. New Garden In the 8th or 9th In 1840 after months of persua- Month, Jonathan Albertson re- sion he obtained the consent of signing his place as Principal of his father (but not of his mother) New Garden Boarding School, to go to New Garden Boarding David Marshall was elected to School, —the first student from fill the place and remained till the Tenn. He entered school in the fall of 1846, when he went to

fall of 1840, and continued ten Philadelphia to learn what he months under the tuition of Dr. could about their mode of con- Nereus Mendenhall. When he ducting schools. In 1847 ne was left school, he traveled home married to Zelinda Binford, of the alone and on foot—a distance of Isle of Wight county, , about 200 miles. His expenses for and settled at Springfield, N. C., food and lodging and the luxury where one or both of them taught of a melon were $i.56v(. Soon until the summer of 1850, when after reaching home he taught a David was employed to take the school of six months at $8.00 per place of Dr. Nereus Mendenhall month, and boarded himself. as Superintendent of the New Next year he taught three months Garden School until the fall vaca- near the mountains between the tion. Then he and his wife took Nolochucky and French Broad charge of the school as Superin- Rivers. There were fifty-eight tendent and Matron until the pupils enrolled, and twenty-eight spring of 1852, when they moved did not know the letters of the to Carthage, Indiana, where they

alphabet and only one in Arith- still live. Their daughter, fa- metic. The examiner gave him miliarly known among the stu- the first choice of six schools in dents at New Garden from 1850 the district, he said, because David to 1852 as little Abbie, and who could tell the reason why water was the pet of many, was married ran down hill; he b'Mng the only in her twenty-second year to candidate for the schools that did Levi Binford, and lived a useful

not fail on that question. life and a bright example as a In the fall of 1844 he returned Christian woman, often under to New Garden, and after studying much affliction, till the spring of .

THE GUILFORD COLLEGIAN. m

1857, when she died a triumphant by private study without the aid death. After going to Indiana of a teacher.

David Marshall studied dentistry And now as he expresses it of in which he has been engaged himself and wife. "We are fast over thirty years. He was re- going down the last grade of life corded as a minister of the Gospel and the last battle will soon be about the year 1866, and has at fought. It is my desire that Guil- times labored extensively in the ford College may have a long and ministry in and around his own successful life." Quarterly Meeting. The larger Guilford College. part of his education was obtained

ONWARD—UPWARD.

By John Vance Cheney.

Put out to sea ! And plant your single standard there ? Stand not tamely on the shore, Climb toward the liget, Trembling at the breakers roar; Higher than eagles are! Ride out beyond the bar, But mole-hill is the dizziest height And let the cordage strain

To winds upon the open main; Climb, hero — sail !

Put out to sea ! Put your manhood to its best.

Ride out beyond the ! Sail and climb with mists abreast; Never did ship drift aimlessly Some day you'll gain the haven, star. Held steady to the Some day the sun-light peak sublime !

Climb, hero — sail !

Make yonder height ! Seven times and yet times seven ! Stopping not for cliff or crag. Mountains and seas shall naught avail

Upward ! Let the coward lag, To eye that's fixed on Heaven. Take you his scath and scar; — Ch ristia n Un ion Win yonder summit bare,

OUR THRUSHES.

PROF. J F. DAVIS.

[Our readers will observe that but there has been an open air Prof. Davis admires the reformed musical concert going on for some spelling system as well as the days, hwich has not received, I warbling of our merry songsters. fear, the attention it deservs. As

—Ed. Collegian.] it is likely to be repeated for a We hav had entertainments few weeks only, I call the atten- privatim and gratis, hwich hav tion of all the inmates of Guilford been wel attended and popular; College to the rivalry of a pair of —

ii4 THE GUILFORD COLLEGIAN. thrushes in the grove, west of habits under the most unfavorabl King Hall. They appear to be a circumstances, and occasionally singl pair, and hav doutles return- seal her devotion to man with her ed to their old resting place, but deth. Alredy our robin is brood- not yet having gone seriously to ing her four greenish blue egs in the busines of house-keeping, ar the cedar near the wood-shed, but

making love to each other in a half the joy of this happy littl strife more musical than the poeti- home, —if you know not hwich the cal War of Wartburg. birds or my own, gues either and Their sisters, the cat-birds, ar you wil not gues wrong, —is want- also most charming songsters for a ing for the want cf her mate's month or two in spring, until they happy song. Not that he is ded, become engrost with the cares of as I had feard hwen I found a ded their first family, and begin to sur- one near the hall, for I saw him yes- feit on sweet cherries and berries. terday morning with the earliest Thenceforth they put off that sun visit the nest of his dear one. musical nature hwich causes them But how much happier would be to be clast with the most butiful his mate, if he dared sit on the mockers; and their coarse, sensual topmost twig of his love's nest- nature utters itself only in the dis- tree, and cheer her with song agreeabl hiss from hwich they get both early and late. their common name. Of these I Of the two other thrushes be- hav herd a solitary, timid note longing to this state, the mocking-

This one had visited the sweet bird and wood-thrush, I hav not cherry tree in the hedgrow, but seen or herd one this spring any- there stood the new "backstop," hwere near the college —The lat- and the plum trees and tangled ter being a very shy bird, it is blackberry briars had been cleard hardly to be expected that it away for the home base of the would come upon our campus, third and fourth nines. Late in tho I hav seen it in the shady the evening twilight, she sat on street of a quiet old town. There the blossomles boughs of her fa- being large tracts of woodland vorit tree, then flew away to seek near us, it is to be expected that a new summer home, for to her the wood thrush would make morellos and a quiet, undisturbed them its habitat, and I hav been nest ar better than May cherries told by one with whom this bird and disturbing fears of baseball is a favorit, that its note has been shouts, stones and sling-shots. herd in the pine wood north of the

Only the cousin of these, the robin, President's. I hav reason to be- wil persevere in his domestic lieve, from several years' observa- THE GUILFORD COLLEGIAN. ii5

tion and intimate acquaintance | to exhibit the marvels of its voice. with this butiful bird, that it is I can not account for this other- increasing in numbers in our part wise than that for a long series of this county. Altho it is not a years, they hav learnd from ex- mocker, its note is peculiarly perience that this is not a con- liquid and charming, and any one genial place for them to take up who has once enjoyed it under their abode. Occasionally it is favorabl circumstances would said that we hav the wood-robin scarcely miss another bird more. also. As the result of several

But it is a matter of surprise years' observation, altho I had a that the mocking-bird, usually desire to prove the statement true, not avers to the habitation of I am convinced that it is not. man, and often so constant in its The brown thrush is taken for it abode near our rural homes, as from its early song, and the wood- almost to be said to be domesti- thrush from its general appear- cated, has not selected some point ance. in grove or orchard from which April 25th, 1889.

TRUSTS.

E. R. MOORE, '89.

One of the most difficult sub- with whom it is intrusted for the jects with which the economist purpose of production, the subject has to deal, is that of the accum- must necessarily involve a discus- ulation and the use of capital. sion on the co-operation of labor But to employ the word "use" and capital. But if employed, as without first giving the reader a here intended, to represent the clear idea of what it is intended application of capital for the pur- to represent, would be leading pose of accumulating the greatest him into a course of argument income for its owner, it will be- that would, at once, appear am- come a subject of competition by biguous, hence a very brief ex- trusts. planation would perhaps not be If it is the ever present and in- entirely out of place If by "use" creasing desire of the majority of is meantthatdistribution of capital mankind, in all stages of industry, that is intended by its owner to be as we believe it is, to increase his of the o-reatest benefit to those stock of capital, the origin of these u6 THE GUILFORD COLLEGIAN. great corporations, controlling so of the second class at once become vast an amount of capital, can be the lower class, in the scale of easily sought out. competition, and, from the force As it is universally acknovvleged of circumstances, are compelled

that all men are not born with to compete with those of the first. equal capabilities for conducting But from a lack of capital, and

business, it is natural to suppose efficiency in business, they are not that a few will accumulate large capable of competing with those fortunes; another class, compris- of the first class, single handed, ing a larger number than the first, and therefore combine their capital will perhaps succeed in securing a and unite themselves into a cor- moderately comfortable living; poration. This, for convenience,

while there is yet a still larger we will call a trust of the first class who, through an indolent stage. spirit of industry, and a lack of But now suppose that during economy, will scarcely acquire this time there had been machine- the most scanty subsistence. ry employed that would greatly We will suppose a community increase production and thereby embracing a population composed accelerate the accumulation of of all three of these classes, all capital; this would greatly en- beginning in the first stages of hance the spirit of industry and

industry—where machinery is un- give it an impetus that would not known—with an equal stock of only cause the second class to capital. Just so long as free com- organize themselves into corpora- petition continues between man tions, but those of the first would and man, we shall find those combine and because of their of the first class, because of their larger supply of capital would superior abilities in trade, out- drive their competitors from the stripping those of the second class field, and thus force them into and thus obtaining a large part of their employ. their capital. While, in turn, If competition existed only be- those of the second class make tween distinct classes, at this

conquest on their inferiors—the stage it would seem to be com- third class—and in a like manner plete; but at the retirement of the deprive them of their share. second class, the conflict falls en- Thus those of the third class are tirely among those of the first, entirely driven from the field of and instead of single handed cor- competition and must therefore, porations comprising separate in- necessarily, constitute a laboring dividuals, competing with each class for the others. Now those other, we find immense organiza- —

THE GUILFORD COLLEGIAN. 117 tions comprising separate corpor- the stockholders are receiving but ations, —this we will call the limit a scanty remuneration for their or last stage of trusts. labors, the majority of the people, Thus we have traced competi- or the purchasing class, through tion from its earliest stages be- the cheapness of the articles pro- tween man and man, until it has duced are receiving an inestimable reached the most gigantic and benefit. This we believe to hold thoroughly organized trusts. Be- true in both the first and second ginning with the simplest form of stages of trusts; but when we labor it has reached the most reach the third or highest stage wonderful invention in machinery. competition between organiza- Having shown what we believe tions comprising corporation—we to be the most plausible solution believe them, on the other hand, of the origin of trusts, we will now to be a benefit to the stockholders proceed to give a few of their and an injury to the purchasing beneficial and injurious effects. classes. (1) Because in the sec- And to do this we shall deal wi£h ond stage low prices have reached them in their different stages of their minimum; and (2) because development. (1), As competition the trusts have or may become a between a single individual and a misdirected monopoly"" corporation; (2), as between cor- While we believe it an utter im- porations comprising individuals; possibility to reach, in any way, and (3), as between organizations a perfect system of competition, comprising corporations. we also believe there is no better If we should examine trusts in way by which that point may be their first stage—when they com- more nearly approached than by prise only a single individual and a a system of what we term a corporation —we would find them second grade trust—competition to be an inestimable value to the between corporations comprising people at large, while the stock- individuals. In this system the holders would receive but a very capacities of the laboring classes small remuneration. The reason are developed to their utmost, for the former of these statements, while the strength of the employer is found in the cause of the latter. is tested in its highest degree, and It being the purpose of trusts to the last vital strand upon which drive one or the other of the rests the entire weight of his competing parties from the field, * Monopolies are of two kinds 11) those which are designed to be of the greatest benefit to the people at these parties will strain every laige, as governmental postal, railway, and telegraph

systems ; and (2) those which are designed to be of possible point in the order to com- greatest benefit to the stockholders that constitute tile monopoiy. plete their design. Hence, while The latter of these we call a misdirected monopoly. n8 THE GUILFORD COLLEGIAN. business, is threatened in order welcome evils of high prices upon that he may drive from the field the people. of competition a class whose God- But perhaps some will say that given faculties are naturally su- the people having witnessed the perior to his own. benefits of low prices will not Just so long as competition shall submit to these high charges, and' continue between two classes of in order to evade them will again people, naturally separated by a organize themselves into a cor- difference in their abilities, a true poration and by a system of com- system of competition is more petition will force the capitalists nearly perfected and the decrease to reduce their prices; or that the in prices of the articles produced capitalists themselves, in their approaches nearer to its ultima- eager desire to increase their for- tum. But when the second class tune, will organize against each of our supposed community have other and thus reduce the prices. been forced to withdraw from the If, in the first case mentioned, all contest, and the whole field of the machinery and improvements industry is left to the third class formerly employed in the produc- alone to control, then it is that tion of this article, now stood still, we believe the injurious effects only awaiting the magic touch of of trusts begin to exert them- a laborer's hand to set them in selves upon the people at large. motion, such an organization No sooner than the second class would be easily carried into effect; have retired from the contest, the but instead of such condition as third class now begin to feel the here mentioned existing, we find power of their influence. Having that these agents of production driven all competition from the have either been sold to those field they now hold complete sway controlling this article, or em- over the entire trade in the article ployed in the production of other they produce. Hence these great commodities. Again, the immo- organizations, entirely controlled bility of capital in changing from by that one class known as capi- one industry to another, together talists, whose chief motive is to with the fear of being again driven increase their stock of capital, from the field by stronger forces, now begin to assume the form of would prevent the people from monopolies, and the decrease in forming such an organization. low prices which reached the Secondly, will the capitalists, in minimum through the competition their eagerness to increase their of trusts, now begins to retrace accumulations organize against the course and precipitate the un- each other? To this we answer: —

THE GUILFORD COLLEGIAN. 119

No. 1: Because their mutual or- class means a decrease in that of ganizations for the benefit of their another—they are building colos- whole class, are so complete as to sal fortunes for the capitalists, bind each one to respect the in- while the poor are reaping but a terests of the others. And, 2: be- scanty subsistence. Hence the cause the field of industry is so question arises, should these great broad they can seek other modes money kings be suppressed? of production, and thus by a co- Since it is useless to attack operation -of their capital them by boycotting, and the or- increase the income of each. It ganizations of the people are too

is to this principle that is due the weak to reach them, we believe it great trusts that now exist in the place and duty of our govern- almost every productive industry. ment to look after the interests of Beginning with the trust of the her people, and in so doing we Standard Oil Company, they have believe she will prove the decision included the whole field of indus- of Judge Barrett in the North try, and to-day in their last stage River Sugar Refining Trust to be of development, closely adhering only the beginning of the great to the principle of accumulation end of trusts. that the increase of capital in one

A DAY IN VENICE.

M. E. M.

Last evening we arrived in this sculptures and pictures, and, like

city of Venice which is so unlike so many other churches in Europe,

any other city in the world. This is the last resting place of many morning we were up and had eminent men. Some of Titian's breakfasted by the time the sun finest paintings are here; also his had made his appearance and monument erected by Emperor

were ready to go forth on a voy- Frederic I. It is very large and age of discovery, which we did in striking. The Mausoleum of Con-

one of the small steamers that ova is unlike the others but very constantly ply the waters of the beautiful. ' Grand Canal. Our first visit was We gave a hasty glance at the to "S. Maria Gloriosa die Frari," ".Academy of Fine Arts," spend- one of the largest and most beau- ing the most of our time before tiful churches of Venice. It con- the "Assumption" by Titian. A tains numerous monuments, view of this one painting would — — — ;

120 THE GUILFORD COLLEGIAN. amply repay one for a visit to Aim at perfection in everything,

Venice. though in most things it is unat- After leaving the Gallery, we tainable; however, they who aim climbed the Campanile and ob- at it and persevere, will come tained a delightful view of the much nearer to it than those city and the sea. The "Lions" whose laziness and despondency of St. Mark still hold their places make them give it up as unattain- and mark the spot of execution able. — Chesterfield. of former times.

I think of St. itself What Marco Education is a better safeguard will be more easily expressed at of liberty than a standing army. "* * * a future time. Everett. We have just been out for a walk by moonlight. The scene is en- Still in mutual suffeiance lies chanting, and as one beholds the The secret of true living;

"Bridge of Sighs" under such Love scarce is love that never knows circumstances, the wonder in- The sweetness of forgiving. creases how hearts could have —John G. Whittier. been so corrupt as to inflict such suffering, or others so sad as not True dignity abides with him alone, beauty, "Italia, to respond to such f Who, in the silent hour of inward thought, O Italia; thou who hast the fatal Can still suspect, and still revere himself, gift of beauty " how are thy sons In lowliness of heart. degenerate! * * — Wordsworth.

Learn to live and live to learn ; A wide, rich heaven hangs Ignorance like a fire doth burn ; above you, but it hangs high; a Little tasks make large returns. wide, rough world is around you, — Taylor. and it lies very low. Mitchell. Strike for our broad and goodly land

Blow after blow, till men shall see Our aim in life to be effective, That might and right are hand in hand, needs concentration; the marks- And glorious must the triumph be. man who aims at the whole target will seldom hit the centre. — IV. Oh, many a shaft at random sent, Mathews. Finds mark the archer little meant And many a word at random spoken,

It is the aim that makes the May soothe a wound or heart that's man. Paley, broken. — Scott. THE GUILFORD COLLEGIAN. 121

couragement in order to compare Xhe (Sdiilford (Solleoiaa. favorably with that of any other PUBLISHED MONTHLY BY THE College in the State. LITERARY SOCIETIES Another pleasing feature of all Of Guilford College. past Commencements has been the entire absence of anything MAY, 1889. like mere display. A chaste sim- plicity revealing the thoroughness Editor ROBERT C. ROOT, '89. Financial Manager, . .JOS. MOORE LEE, '91. of work accomplished throughout staff : Marion W. Darden. '92, Personals. the course has been a prominent Richard D Robinson, 91, Locals. Campbell White, '89, Literary. characteristic of such occasions. In consequence of this, our at- Terms: $i.oo per annum in advance Club Rates: Six copies, $5.00. mospliere attracts only the better class of people. We are never

The Collegian is entered at the New Garden Post troubled with rowdyism, or that Office as second class matter. peculiar manifestation known as

"loudness" which is sometimes R. D. Robinson is temporarily so disgustingly prominent at col- absent from College on account lege Commencements. of failing eyesight. During his Some changes will doubtless absence, E. D. Stanford will have be made in the future; other new charge of the Local department. features, beside the one refered to above, will likely be introduced; A pleasing feature of our com- but whatever may be done, let ing Commencement will be the the Commencements at Guilford oratorical contests to be given by College continue to be a fitting the Webterian and Claytonian close to a thoroughly honest, Societies. These contests will broad, Christian course of instruc- occur on the 25th and 27th of May, tion; and also in keeping with an respectively. Although they are, auspicious entrance upon the busi- comparatively, a new feature with ness of life of young manhood and us, we can assure those who con- womanhood consecrated to truth template attending Commence- and virtue. ment that the contests will be- highly entertaining. We believe, The old sneer, "Oh, he is a also, the contests will clearly de- college fellow," does not pass so monstrate that Guilford College currently as once it did. The has some fine oratorical talent college man is coming to the front, which only needs proper en- in fact he has been to the front —

I 22 THE GUILFORD COLLEGIAN. the greater part of the time, but power and grave responsibilities now in a greater -number of call- devolving upon college men. ings than ever before. Once the In business, in science, in art, idea was quite prevalent that the in the pulpit, at the bar, in all the avocations of life, the graduate is college graduate dwelt mainly in taking the lead and virtually holds the realm of speculation and within his grasp the destinies of theory—in short he was not our country. To the thoughtful, "practical." However, that fal- earnest student these facts are of lacy eventually gave way to the vast significance implying that weighty responsibilities await convincing "logic of events" which him and incite him to greater efforts have amply illustrated the ability to be the better prepared to meet of the college man to be practical them. as well as theoretical. It is the The young man of energy sees practical, progressive young man in these responsibilities the means of growth, and rejoices at the that seeks and improves the ad- he opportunity thus offered for de- vantages of a college training velopment and for the possibilities who realizes that college life is that are placed before him. the world in miniature—that his standing while at college is an The new catalogue of Guilford indication of his future standing College will soon be ready for among men; and as he realizes distribution. We understand the catalogue is larger and more com- these things in their true light, to plete than heretofore. This we that degree will the college man believe is right, for, with due defer- attain success in whatever he un- ence to the authorities, previous dertakes. catalogues have not done justice institution. While boasting In political life especially have to the would not be admissable, yet a college graduates become promi- fair, full statement of the advan- nent. are told that "fifteen We tages offered by our college is very out of twenty-three Presidents, desirable. fourteen out of twenty-four Vice- The new catalogue will also Presidents, nineteen out of twenty- contain a well defined, graded course of Bible study, as a part of nine Secretaries of State, sixteen the regular curriculum of the our of twenty-six Speakers of college. This is another very the House of Representatives, important addition which must thirty out of forty Judges of the commend itself to parents and to seeing Supreme Court and five of the six all who are desirous of education placed on its true basis Chief Justices have been college —Christianity—and the only basis these might graduates." To we capable of developing the truest add alonglist of Legislators, Gov- and noblest principles that can ernors and Senators, showing the be implanted in the mind of man. THE GUILFORD COLLEGIAN. 123

0SI^SOI\IAL. Mannsdale, Chatham County, where they now reside. He has David Marshal is a dentist at a drug store carried on at Siler Carthage, Indiana. City.

Penelope Thoinpson has been Sallie Turrentine has recently teaching school near her home in gone into the millinery business

Wayne County. at Burlington and likes it quite

Prof. George Hartley and wife well. We wish her success. have accepted positions in a school John S. Harris is a prominent the Pacific coast. on physician of Fountain City, Ind.

Josie Rice since leaving school His name is found among the N. has married and has a pleasant G. B. S. records of '54. home in Alamance County. Julia Gleaves (our matron's sis- Jethro Wilson, who was a stu- ter) has a very pleasant and pic- dent here in "57, is a successful turesque home beyond the Blue farmer at Lenoir, N. C. Ridge Mountains in Virginia.

Belle Cox has been teaching William H. Long is chief clerk i in George Long's general merch- school at her home near Bizell. There is a probability of andise store at New Market, Tenn. I her re- turning to College next year. Joseph M. Dixon entered Col- lege last week. The Senior Class Robert Dillard, who left school j cordially extends the hand of near the middle of the term has fellowship to him. gone to Morrisville, Illinois. He is staying with his brother and

Ludovic Cosand is now working enjoying life. on the farm at Russiaville, Ind. Alfonso Hayworth and wife live William McNamara is boarding at Mayport, Florida, where they with a baptist minister at Pitts- have a nice orange grove. He burg, Pa. From all reports he is occasionally makes a trip to the doing well. .

Kate McLoud, known to the Martha E. Hodgin, who was in students who were here in as school in '54 as Martha Russell, Kate Wilson, is teaching school lives near New Garden. Several at the academy in Waynesville, of her children have received their N. C. instruction here.

Sally Woody was married in Edward Worth, who was in the February to Edward Mann, of cotton factory at Durham, has 124 THE GUILFORD COLLEGIAN. lately changed his place of busi- Mary C. Woody has been in ness to Asheville. Randolph, Alamance and Chat- ham counties, doing gospel and Luella Moon is a student at temperance work. She expects Earlham College. to go to the western and then to E. Hensley is clerking in James the eastern part of the State. a general merchandise store at The factory which was burned Pleasant Grove, Alamance county. at Archdale during the winter has

Pearl Mendenhall is a junior at been rebuilt. Roella Petty acts Westtown B. S. She does not now as book-keeper for the firm. Her think of completing the course. mother is one of the partners.

Samuel L. Trogdon is one of John B. Gleaves, of Ossawato- the directors of the Piedmont nia, Kansas, was at the College Bank, Greensboro, N. C. not long since. He was a student in 1846, and his wife, Mildred P. E. Clarkson Mendenhall was at Mendenhall, was at one time a the College on the 26th. He is teacher here. carrying on his father's farm about The matron is trying to obtain eight miles distant. photographs of all former teach- It "behooved" our friend Henry ers and officers. She has receiv- Ray to pay the College a visit of ed one from Catherine Cornell four days. He says his sister Knowles, the first lady principal Sallie Ray will probably return of this school. Though now in the fall. eighty-two years old she is still vigorous both mentally and physi- John S. Hodgin, '87, is now at cally, and has a deep interest in Wilcox, Arizona Territory. He all that pertains to this place. thinks of taking a special course in the University of Southern Cal- Brizallia G. Worth, a pupil of ifornia, located at Los Angelos. this school during the war, has been visiting different points in R. A. Brown is winning at Da- North Carolina and Virginia. He vidson College the high esteem and his wife passed through which he had from all while at Greensboro on their way home, Guilford. We are glad to know but did not have time to make he is much pleased with Davidson. their New Garden friends a call.

J. R. Welborn is a successful He has long been a commission farmer of Deep River, and one of merchant of Wilmington. His the staunch friends of Guilford son is in a very flourishing busi- college. ness at Petersburg, Va. THE GUILFORD COLLEGIAN. 125

LiOGALS. Prof: (to inattentive student) " Read next sentence." Student:

Easter! 'I have lost the place, where are you Prof." Prof: "In my seat. Are we going to Pilot Moun- Please read." tain?

Weigh well your every utterance before you let it fall, If you would win the true respect of men Found. A ladies kid glove. ; A single word, once spoken, is far beyond recall, The owner can obtain the same And may inflict a wound 'lis hard to heal again. by calling at this office. —" Earl."

The match of Base Ball game There is increased interesttaken played on May nth between the in religious work since the organi- Trinity College Guilford Col- and zation of the Y. M. C. A. This is lege nines resulted in a victory for very encouraging. Parents need the latter. Score 19 to 4. never feel any anxiety about their boys when they are surrounded An excursion to Pilot Mountain by the good influences of a Y. M. is being talked of. We hope that C. A. it will be gotten up. A day of fun and recreation will not hurt Commencement will soon be either teachers or students. here, with all of its pleasures, and

The mounted Buffalo head, to some, sorrow, on account of seniors presented to Guilford College by examinations. The have just had "senior vacation" in Jacob V. Carter, of Kansas, is which to prepare their orations. now on exhibition at Porter's drug The Commencement exercises store in Greensboro. The speci- will be longer than usual, and we men is a very fine one, and attracts anticipate a good time for all. much attention. Look sharp boys or the "other Judge Robt P. Dick, of Greens- fellow will get ahead of you." boro, gave a most interesting lecture Friday afternoon, April The Base Ball Association gave

1 2th, for the benefit of the Phila- its first entertainment for the gorean Society. Judge Dick chose benefit of the Association, net at for his subject, "Jerusalem— past, the time stated in our last issue, present and future," which was but on the evening of the 12th. handled in his usual eloquent and The entertainment was quite a masterly manner. The lecture success. We think that base ball was highly appreciated by all. will be somewhat revived. The It was certainly a literary treat. boys have not taken much interest 126 THE GUILFORD COLLEGIAN. in the National game this term, Inter-Collegiate band of Mission- but we hope they will liven up aries, and added nine names to now. their list while here. The interest in the mission field which has Dr. Nereus Mendenhall deliver- been maintained among the girls ed a lecture Saturday evening, for the last few years was greatly April 13th, on Civil Engineering. increased by the earnest appeals In the course of his remarks he of these two devoted Christian alluded to a number of men whose young men. fame is world-wide because of their engineering skill. The lect- The lecture on John Bright ure was made all the more im- given by Prof. Perisho on the pressive by several drawings evening of the 27th, was greatly which the Dr. showed to his appreciated by a large audience. audience. A more fitting subject could not have been selected. The Lecture The annual entertainment given was preceded by a beautiful poem by the Claytonian Society April written for the occasion by Laura the 6th, was pronounced by all a M. Davis and read by Mary M. success, although it was attended Hobbs. The able manner in by the most disagreeable weather. which the Lecturer gave the main One very interesting feature was events in John Bright's life and the presentation of a handsome the leading characteristics of one oil painting of Henry Clay, after of Englands greatest orators ren- whom the Society is named, dered the occasion one long to be which was presented in the name remembered by all who were of the Society by Joseph M. Lee, present. and gracefully unveiled by Misses Jessie Johnson and Lollie Worth. Every one enjoyed the occasion, President Crowell, of Trinity and the only regret was that such College, passing the station a few things did not come oftenter. mornings ago, on seeing there the Editor of The Collegian, sent Messrs. W. B. Lee, of Trinity to the College an expression of College and Geo. C. Worth, of his best wishes for our success. Chapel Hill, came to the College An expression which we highly on the 29th and left on the morn- appreciate from having become ing of May the 1st. They are somewhat acquainted with him visiting the Colleges of the State on the occasion of his recent visit for the purpose of organizing an to Guilford College. THE GUILFORD COLLEGIAN. 127

JjITEI^ARY. —"Oratory and Elocution Com- pared," by Prof. E. P. Trueblood, The. University Magazine for in the Earlhamite for April, de- April gives an excellent sketch serves careful perusal by every of Judge Robert P. Dick, by Pres- one interested in this field of ident Kemp P. Battle. We find endeavor. it more interesting from having The Trinity Archive devotes a just listened to the Judge deliver department to the Y. M. C. A. an address at this place. His notes subject was "Jerusalem," and in range of thought and beauty of —The University Look- Out, of expression we have seldom heard Chattanooga University, is on the lecture equaled. Although our table. It contains, among a forest fire raging in the neigh- other readable articles, one on borhood kept away many who "The Teacher," by President E. would have swelled his audience, S. Lewis, of that institution. Its he spoke to an appreciative com- author is apparently in love with pany, and the Philagoreans ex- his work. We would recommend pressed themselves satisfied with it as worthy the attention of every the result. pedagogue.

—A chapter in Modern History —Of the 107 students in the by George S. Wills in the same four classes in Franklin and Mar- magazine, treats of the unification shall college, Pennsylvania, 100 of Italy, and ably vindicates the are regular communicant mem-

opinion that Italy is an effete na- bers of the church. There is a tion, without strength and energy. regular congregation established It also calls forth admiration for in the Institutions, (college and the wisdom and heroism of the seminary) composed of the stu- creators and saviors of modern dents, the professors and their Italy. families, and a few families out- side. —We would congratulate the retiring staff of the Swarthmore —On looking over our table it

P/iccnix, on having so successfully is gratifying to note the place held completed their year's work. by the exchanges from our own Their labors ended with the March State; to see that they do not

number, in which is a farewell compare unfavorably with jour- address expressing many kind nals from such institutions as wishes and much good advice for Earlham, Haverford and Swarth- their successors. more. Our University Magazine —

128 THE GUILFORD COLLEGIAN. comes to us full of interest and manifested throughout the coun- earnestness. The Wake Forest try. Many of our leading news- Student carefully portions out its papers now print "college news." work, and the result is a good —A collective edition of the school journal. The Trinity Ar- works of James Russell Lowell chive, well prepared and attract- will be published by Houghton, ive in form, easily commends Mifflin, & Co., in a style similar itself. The College Message is so to their recent fine editions of full of an earnest purpose charac- Longfellow and Whittier. Mat- teristically expressed that we see ter which has not before appeared focussed in its pages the life of in book form will be included in the institution from which it his edition. comes. Such papers as these and many others not mentioned, —Ginn & Co., announce as the next volume in the "College Series are a credit to the institutions which they represent. of Greek Authors" Homer's Odyssey, Books I-IV.

— In all journalism there is no —Richard Henry Stoddard, the place more suitable for discussing poet, who has been almost totally the questions of the day than the blind for three months, the result pages of our periodicals. And of cataract on both eyes, recently nowhere among periodicals could had an operation performed in we expect to find better ideas on New York which it is believed these questions than in a maga- will partially, at least, restore his zine devoted to such discussion. sight. Mr. Stoddard did not re- Such a magazine is The Forum. lax his literary work with his "A complete file of The Forum blindness. He dictated poems contains the best contemporane- and prose while lying on his bed ous thought on all serious subjects with a heavy shade over his eyes, that is published." A broad as- and his reminiscences of Poe and sertion,' but the contents of any Hawthrone recently published in number sufficiently proves the Lippincott's Magazine were so justice of the claims of its pub- written. lishers. —Motto for a demonstrator in —We are glad to note the in- anatomy: de mortuis nil nisi creasing interest in college work hone em. THE GUILFORD COLLEGIAN. 129

JOHN BRIGHT. The depths of pathos he did sound, The finest music could discourse; Another man could scarce be found How oft we leave our praise unsung With such an intellectual force. Till he is gone to whom we sing,

Which when the funeral bells are rung But he is gone, his work is done, We gather round in haste and bring. He's entered his eternal rest. All England mourns her loyal son, How oft we leave our harp unstrung But he is with the happy blest. Until our loved one cannot hear, L. M. D. Then find it hard for lip and tongue Guilford College. To frame apt words to tell how dear.

The Quaker Statesman now is gone, DlI^EGTOI^Y. The tidings spiead from shore to shore, To all the lands the sun shines on. John Bright Literary Society. John Bright of England is no more. President — Herbert W. Reynolds. Vice-President — CharlesL. Van Noppen. And sorrow for a gieat man dead Secietary—AnnaV. Edgerton. Is felt by all who knew his worth, Treasurer— Allen B. Coltrane. Tho,' like a shock full ripened, Librarian — Zella McCulloch. The Lord has gathered him from earth. Marshal—Ed. E. Bain.

He was a man who knew the power Philagorean Debating Society.

Of, honest words most fitly said, President—Anna F. Petty. And swajed the people of the hour Vice-President—Anna V. Edgerton. Secretary -Jessie Johnson. With wave of hand or turn of head. Treasurer—Zella McCulloch. And yet we hear that in his youth Librarian — Bessie Meader. Marshal — Rachel Woody. A timid orator he stood, Which proves to us the happy truth, Claytonian Literary Society. That earnest effort brings the good. President — Frank B. Benbow. Vice-Pres. and Treas. R. A. Cooper. Likse Nestor of whom Homer sung — Secretary — D. W. Lindley. He charmed the people with his voice, Assistant Secretary—Will. S. Folwell. And led them by his honeyed tongue Librarian —Ed. E. Bain. So that to follow was their choice. Marshal—Will. M. Jarrell.

As he surpast most men in power Websterian Literary Society. In suffering too, he them surpast, President—W. P. Henley. Grief overcame him for the hour Vice-President —John Wakefield. Secretary P. Ragan. But he was master at the last. —W. Assistant Secretary —James R. Pearson. A noble man in word and deed, Treasurer — Nathan G. Ward. Librarian J. He turned the sorrow for his dead — H. Mewboorne. Marshal—Herman H. Woody. To help the living woman's need And find her and her children bread. Y. M. C. A.

With eloquence he moved the throng President — R. C. Root. Vice-President John Wakefield. By scaling indignation's hight, — Secretary— George T. Brown. And showing forth the sin and wrong Cor. Secretary — Prof. E. C. Perisho. 'Gainst which the honest man should fight. Treasurer— N. G. Ward. 130 THE GUILFORD COLLEGIAN.

Y. W. C. A. President—Jessie Johnson. Vice-President — Julia S. White. Cor. Sec'y —Gertrude W. Mendenhall. Secretary— Zella McCulloch. Treasurer—Emma L. White.

Utili-Dulcian Literary Society.

President —Esper Dorset. Vice-President— Anna Anderson. Secretary — Callie Lindley. Recording Sec — Minnie King. Librarian and Marshal — Ella McBane.

Senior Class.

President — Robert C. Root. Secretary — Lola S. Stanley. Robert H. Cronk, Rena G. Worth. WATCHMAKER, Ed. B. Moore. Cam White." GREENSBORO, N. C. Lucius A. Ward. Joe. M. Dixon. No better in this State.

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Vol. I. JUNE. No. 6. THE

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ClassPoem. '89. Eena G. Worth 133

How Little We Know. Judge Robert P. Dick ... 134 Devotion to North Carolina. Joe M. Dixon, '89 140 John Bright. Jos. H. Peele, '91 143 Compulsory Education. Hermon H. Woody, '90 146 College Picnic I49 Selections 151 Editorials 15* Personals 154 Locals 156 Our Birds 160

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Vol. I. MAY, 1889. No. 5.

CLASS POEM. '89.

RENA G. WORTH.

Yes, the years have now sped away,

And now their tasks all done at last, Find us assembled a class to-day, With recollections of the past,

That at once are shaded and bright: Too grave for smiles, too sweet for tears, And yet a sorrowful delight Is mingled with the bygone years.

A little while and then we go To seek us yet a wider sphere. Another work our hands must do, The strength for which we've gathered here.

And now before we say adieu, We gather round our maple tree, Pledging our friendships old, anew, Having bright hopes of that's to be.

We do not go with saddened heart, Tho' leaving be to us a pain; For we have learned that those who part May in the future meet again.

And yet we fain would linger round The scenes we all have learned to love,

But to a fleeting life we're bound; The days move on, and we must move.

Within us burns the fire of youth; To loftier heights we all aspire. And in our searchings, that for truth Shall be our uppermost desire. —

U4 THE GUILEORD COLLEGIAN.

Men do still look and watch and wait, Eager for some new fuund star,

And tho' it rise e'en now so late,

Still they will see it from afar.

Then let us go with firm endeavor

Strive to catch the auroral light. Let us in our motives ever Reject the wrong and love the right.

Behold the morning light is gleaming I

It shows us duties on before ! And we leave our youthful dreaming, For the labors that are more.

And now we stand with heart aglow,.

And look before with eager eyes ; And this makes us stronger now

To sever all these cherished ties.

But let us bid each other speed,

Nor cease till all our work be done. May God give strength for every need, Until the final sroal be won.

May 18, 1889. Tree-planting.

HOW LITTLE WE KNOW.—V.

JUDGE ROBERT P. DICK. THE ATMOSPHERE.

The atmosphere that surrounds of the vertical sun and regulating the globe is a very interesting aright terrestrial radiation It is subject of contemplation and the proximate source of rains and suggests thoughts and emotions snows, and it is the region of the of the sublime and beautiful storms. It is also a vast labor-

It is an elastic, invisible, mobile atory in which many intangible, transparent, gaseous fluid that invisible, and distinctive natural envelops the earth with the pres- elements are undergoing contin- sure of its weighty and adjustible ous chemical changes by the folds, exerting equal force in all di- delicate processes of intermixture, rections, modifying the fervid rays combination, separation and re- THE GUILFORD COLLEGIAN. 135

combination, that keep the air 1 by him who controls the perfect

salubrious, and contribute to the , concord of the numerous agencies vital energies of animal and at play, and blends their notes vegetable life. and tones in the unison of divine

It is not my purpose to attempt diapason. to refer to the various beneficent In this ceaseless oratorio, man officies and agencies of the atmos- at times can hear organ notes in phere with the minute detail of the deep groans of the bending scientific accuracy and precision. forests, in the roars of the cata-

I will only hastily glance at the ract; in the murmurs of majestic general characteristics and phe- rivers disturbed in their flow; in nomena that are obvious to every the resounding boom of rock re- beholder. sisted billows; in the solemn, sob- The atmosphere is the palpita- bing baritones of the melancholy ting medium of sound, and enables ocean, and in the reverberating mankind by the use of their vocal peals of the thunder. He can and auditory organs to carry on hear the "ear-piercing fife" of the the transactions of business; to storm; the trumpet blast of the enjoy the pleasures of social tempest; the rushing, ponderous intercourse, and communicate roll of the cyclone, and the larum knowledge;—to give utterance to bursts of the flaming volcano. grand thoughts and noble emo- He can also hear the softer and tions, to hear the sweet melodies sweeter tones of nature's melodies. and harmonics of music and song, In the morning all nature is bright, and speak the soft and thrilling fresh and joyous. Man can then tones of tenderness and of love. hear the warbling flute notes, the

I will not indulge further in treble strains and the twittering reflections suggested by this chirps of the birds as they sing phrase of the subject, but refer in their gladsome minstrelsies. He general terms to the operations can hear the low, loving whispers and beneficences of sound in the of t*fie trembling leaves as they wide realms of nature. In nat- are kissed by the gentle breezes. ure's magnificent temple the at- He can hear the tremulous music mosphere affords transmission of of many harp strings touched by sound to immense choirs and the playful winds, or the nimble orchestras that are ever hymning fingers of the laughing rills as grand anthems of praise, only they go through the dewy grass, heard and comprehended in their among the shining pebbles, and fullness and completeness of beside the blooming flowers—on beauty and sublime harmonies, their sparkling way. 136 THE GUILFORD COLLEGIAN.

In the evening all created things land carry fresh waters and min- seem to be weary from the busy eral substances that supply the avocations of the day, and to feel wants of the sea. the need of rest. Then through All of the apparent disturbances the dusk\- twilight the soft melo- and confusions of counter-action

dies of the distance come over the I work together in the complicated

hazy hills and mingle with the ' machinery of nature in beautiful clearer tones of the nearer land- and perfect harmony. Between j scape into the trilling harmonies them there are some features of that breathe their soothing influ- striking contrariety and some sug- ences over the bosom of the slum- gestions of similitudes. The berous earth as she reposes beneath upper regions of the atmosphere the watchful eye of the silent and and the bottom of the ocean are

sleepless stars, while she is ten- places of quietude and repose. derly caressed by the atmosphere The surface of the ocean and the palpitating with the vibratory lower stratas of the atmosphere pulses of sound, light and radiat- are the fields of disturbance and

ing heat. conflict. The atmosphere is pen- Since the early creation of the etrated and permeated with firmanent that divided "the waters streams and floods of light; the which were under the firmanent ocean at a short distance below

from the waters which were above its surface is a domain of contin- the firmanent," there has been an uous darkness. The atmosphere almost viewless ocean of waters is gaseous, elastic and viewless;

in the atmosphere which has no the ocean is liquid, tangible and visible outward shores—yet it is a grand object of vision. Various controlled by natural forces which forms of animal and vegetable

set bounds that it cannot pass. life exist in both, but only a few Although the aerial and aque- of the animals and plants of the

ous oceans often come in apparent one can survive in the other. I conflict, their contests of forces forbear to mention other contra- are concurrent, coincident and rieties, and will refer only to a beneficial in the grand economy few similitudes. of nature. The}' give salubrity Both are in conditions of sleep- to each other by their mutual in- less agitation and ceaseless mo- teraction. The ocean furnishes tion. Both seem to strive without the atmosphere with healthful success to acquire the uniform

moisture, and the favor is return- poise of a stable equilibrium. ed in copious rains and snows, The monsoons, sirocco and trade that through the rivers of the winds are the currents of atmos- THE GUILFORD COLLEGIAN. 137

pheric circulation ; and the alter- pleasing in its suggestiveness of nate land and sea brings on the beauty, quietude and repose, as

ebb and flow of its tides The through it we behold the "Hosts booming and angry waves against of Heaven" in the serenity of their and among the cliffs and caverns noiseless march over the fields of of the rock-bound coast are the the deep, blue and vaulted sky. thunders cf the ocean, and the "Spread like an ocean hung on high, phosphorescent gleam of the bil- Bespangled with those isles of light lows are its sheet-lightnings; the So wildly —spiritually bright. Whoever gazed upon them shining mists distilling from the brooding, And turned to earth without repining Nor wished for wings to flee away vaporous fogs are its dews; and And mix with their eternal ray," the flying spray falling from the grasp of the tempest are its rains, The wind is the air in motion, and the white foam of the rolling and the apparently variable and and seething waters and the surfs wayward winds present many pe- along the shore are its waving culiarities and inexplicable phe- mantles and wreaths of snow. nomena. Our Savior compared The sighs and winds and sobbing the wind with the mysteries of tones that swell along the com- the spiritual life when he said to plaining shores are the choral Nicodemus; "The wind bloweth anthems of the winds and waves where it listeth, and thou hearest as they together touch the keys the sound thereof, but canst not of the organ of the deep. The tell whence it cometh and whither calm belts are the quiet council it goeth." We know some of the chambers of the atmosphere and results which it produces, and by the ocean, where they meet in chemical analysis man has dis- concord, unity and peace. covered some of its properties

The clouds are the islands and and constituent elements, but it continents of the aerial ocean; its contains many undiscovered sub- waves are cyclones and its bil- stances and exerts manyagencies lows are the surging swells of the too subtle for accurate investiga- storm. Both oceans by their tion. We know that it is gener- vast illuminal amplitude suggest ally salubrious, but often it is thoughts and inspire feelings of infused with the germs of disease beauty, grandeur and sublimity. and the poison of the pestilence.

As the ocean is visible it produces We know that the winds are impressions of profounder terror always in motion. Some times and the majesty of incomprehen- as gentle and playful breezes, sible power. bearing on their wings the per-

The atmosphere is far more fumes of spring and the ripe fra- THE GUILFORD COLLEGIAN. grance of the summer and autumn. in showers and copious rains. If Some times they bring" the cold the cold is sufficiently intense, breath of the frozen North —the they are congealed into hail, or chilling" touch of the winter; and frozen into flakes of snow. some times they rush and whirl The height of clouds depend with screams of wild joy or the upon the amount of heat and fierce anger of excessive power, moisture contained in the ascend- and sweep with distructive force ing, saturated air and the coolness along their pathways of ruin. of temperature in the upper While we know something" of the stratas of atmosphere. Heat by manifold nature of the resistless its expansive force keeps the winds, they have many undiscov- vapors light and invisible until ered mysteries, and mankind are they are condensed by the con- still like Nicodemus and cannot tracting force of cold. On the tell from whence they come and upper surface of clouds the sun is whither they go. continually expanding the aque-

I have several times alluded, in ous vapors, and they arise on general terms, to some of the heated air, higher and higher, agencies of the clouds in the until their heat is overcome by grand economy of nature, but the greater force of the cold, and they present so many interesting they are again condensed into the features that I feel that I cannot, pure, white, feathery, fleecy and in this connection, omit a more fibrous filaments of the cirrus specific reference. Science has clouds, far above the altitudes of ascertained some facts and ex- the highest mountains. Between plained some mysteries, but still this elevated, region and the low- there are many observed phenom- er range of the heavily laden rain ina that have not been compre- clouds, other clouds, infinite in hended and solved. We know variety of shape and structure, that clouds are bodies of vapors are formed by heat and cold. in the skies, composed of the From the time that the sunbeams moisture of evaporation, which hoist the warm vapors from the has ascended on heated air and land and the seas, there seems to been condensed in the cooler re- be a contest between heat and gions of the upper atmosphere. cold for these precious treasures When these aqueous particles are of moisture. The radiation from abundant and have reached the the cooler land carries the warm- "dew point," they gradually ag- er air to distill the dew drops, gregate into rain drops of increas- which are often crystalized into ed specific gravity and descend sparkling" frosts. The warm —

THE GUILFORD COLLEGIAN. 139 breathings of the water are chill- The white and rainless clouds ed by the cooler current of the perform many benignant offices air into hazy mists and smoky but I can only refer briefly to a fogs. When the heated vapors few of their aspects of beauty, as arise to higher elevations in the they gather on the horizon like atmosphere, cold forms the clouds irregular hills covered with snow; which heat often changes, dis- as they sail through the heavens solves or disperses in shattered casting trailing shadows on the fragments. In these contests landscape; — as they pitch their among the clouds another ele- temporary tents in the valleys; mental force comes into the fields as they hang their white banners of action. The moist clouds, being on the mural precipices of the good conductors, absorb electricity mountains; as they spread their from the contiguous atmosphere— translucent silver vails over the some being positively and others azure firmament; and in the high negatively electrified. While they calm field of the skies repose in are separated by the dry atmos- fleecy groups, phere the electricity collects upon " The beauteous semblance of a flock at rest,"' their surface, increasing their density, and plays in vivid gleams, The atmosphere causes the ap- and when it can overcome the pearance of the blue overarching intervening non-conducting me- vault of the heavens which has dium, the flash of the lightning often been compared to a vast and the roar of the thunder estab- temple dome supported by moun- lish the electrical equilibrium. tain pillars, and by day illumined The generous sunbeams have with the golden light of the sun, no real hostility to the cold, but and emblazoned at night by the

in beneficent amity and love they radiant stars. I think its Divine paint rainbows on the dark cur- designation as a "tabernacle for

tains of its tabernacles of storms, the sun" is a far more appropriate and over storehouses of its ac- simile. cumulated treasurers of vapors, The soft serene azure canopy of they pour their wealth of effulgent the sky with the encircling curtains glories; and the eruptive aqueous of the distant horizon is a mag- particles and drops receive, re- nificent tabernacle — the handi- fract and reflect the separated work of Him who stretcheth out rays of light in streams of many the heavens like a curtain." tinted radiance, and they seem to It is apparently steadfast in the

sparkle and beam with gratitude reach of its immensity, and still and joy. hour by hour the Divine Architect 140 THE GUILFORD COLLEGIAN. is adorning it with an infinite and robes and garments are richly unrepeated variety of commingled garnished with more than royal beauties and splendors of the ex- pomp and splendor with the quisite hues of the heavens. On blending shades and tints of scar- its curtains are painted vaporous let, crimson, rose-color, violet domes, towers and battlements, purple, amethyst, amber and the massive, compact and gray— like rich gleams of the yellow burnish- stone fortresses guarding the ed gold. fortress of the horizon; and on Surely the atmospheric sky is a their summit are often kindled grand and magnificent tabernacle beacon lights of various colored for mankind while on the short flame; then there are floating pilgrimage of mortal life, they cloud islands, white as the snow, are journying to "The tabernacle and some fringed with gold, and of God with men," the eternal some gleaming with the hues of home where the spirit of just men prismatic radiance; at noon day made perfect shall dwell forever the sun spreads over the blue amidst the transcendent beati- fields of the firmament a trans- tudes and glories—seen so vividly, parent cloth of gold; and in the yet incompletely, in the Apoca- morning and evening- his trailing lyptic vision of Patmos.

DEVOTION TO NORTH CAROLINA.

Joe M. D IXON, '89.

From time immemorial his- wished to be painted, he replied, torians 'have written and bards "Paint me as I am." Empty have sung of that emotion of the laudation is not loyalty, and as human heart which, rising above loyal North Carolinians with selfish interests, includes within hearts filled with devotion for her its scope the common welfare of welfare, to be true to ourselves the State. No State has ever and true to her, we must paint her flourished or retained the alle- as she is. giance of its citizens where it has In this centennial year of our not been "taught as a principle, existence as a nation of States, in cherished as a passion and made recounting the great deeds and subordinate only to religion itself." the developments of a century of When the artist had asked the national life—we may well ask great English Protector how he what of the old North State? At THE GUILFORD COLLEGIAN. 141 the formation of the Federal con- gave to the Confederacy one- stitution North Carolina ranked sixth of all its soldiers, and her among" the first States of the proportionate loss in that strug- Union. Since that time she has gle was far greater than that of seen star after star take their any of her sister States, either places in the constellation of North or South. Granted that states and quickly pass her in the the cause in which she fought was march of progress. In assigning an unholy one— still the historian the reasons for this, we cannot must record that, from Bull-Run plead the lack of natural resources. to Appomatox, the flower of the Though her soil may not be so army of Northern Virginia were productive as the prairies of the North Carolinians and where upon West—still nature has dealt to the field of battle the dead lay her with lavish hands. thickest—there were to be found It has not been the want of the sons of the Old North State. sterling qualities in her people. That she has given birth to a She was settled by the "freest of Caswell and a Mason, a Graham the free." Our God-fearing, liber- and a Morehead, belies the asser- ty-loving ancestors chosen from tion that she has been lacking in the best blood of Europe—the men of emminence and worth. Scotch Irish, the Swiss Protes- But while to her honor it may tants, the Flighlanders and the be said that she has never faltered Huguenot, for integrity of char- in her devotion to the nation, to acter, are no less illustrious than her own self she has not been the puritan New-Englander or true. We have ever been lacking the far famed cavalier of Virginia. in common interests and common

Upon her soil was the first decla- sympathies. ' While her states- ration of American independence, men have anxiously meditated and upon her soil was the first upon matters of Federal policy blood spilled in defence of those little have they done for ad- rights. Coequal in our country's vancing the interests of their history with Fanueil Hill and native State. Bunker Hill, stand the classic "There are certain axioms names of Mecklenburg and Ala- which lie at the foundation of all mance. She has not been want- political as well as mathemati- ing in physical bravery. Though cal science." There are common unwillingly forced into the Civil interests above that of the war by force of circumstances individual. For a State to be which she could not control, she prosperous it must be a living, in- more than did her part. She dependent organism. We can 1 42 THE GUILFORD COLLEGIAN. never compete iu agriculture with her blood. But as inestimable as the great prairie States of the has been the loss to her from this West, we must seek our inde- constant drain upon her enter- pendence in the development of prise and wealth, it is useless for our mineral resources, the manu- us to speculate as to what might facture of our raw materials and have been her present condition, the encouragement and protection had her sons not have deserted of skilled labor. Previous to the her in the hour of her need. war, following the doctrines of When the Jewish nation was Walker and Calhoun we strove scattered in captivity, when the to make the production of cotton holy city of Jerusalem lay in and by slave labor, our ruins, when her "walls were paramount interests, to the neg- broken down" and her gates lect of others of greatert impor- burned with fire," the voice of her ance. patriotic sons, "Let us arise and

With wealth and greatness build that we be no more a re • sleeping beneath our feet, we proach," gave to their brethren cherished vague expectations of an inspiration which restored their a future greatness without an city to its former glory, the won- effort on our part to realize, and der of the orient and the admira- with no definite ideas as to the tion of the world. Down through means of its accomplishment. the space of twenty-three centu- Our torpid legislatures instead of ries comes that voice to us, " let carefully guarding and developing us arise and build that we be no our unlimited natural resources more a reproach." The work is did nothing, till our stagnant already commenced. Within the policy, the subject of mortifica- past decade her manufacturing tion to our public spirited men, interests have more than doubled, gave us in very derision the name more railroads and cotton mills of the Rip Van Winkle state of have been built than in all her the union. former history. The miners of Taught to look beyond their coal and iron ore beginning to native State for wealth and hap- tunnel her mountains. The whis- piness, our young men of promise, tle of the steam engine is awaken- year after year, fled from a land ing the echoes in forests where for seemingly cursed with predestined years has reigned the stillness of lethargy. From 1820 down to the death. But with every natural civil war there passed from her advantage for the upbuilding of a borders into the great north-west great manufacturing State, these a continous stream of the best of are but the beginnings of her —

THE GUILFORD COLLEGIAN. H3 future prosperity. When she shall have long enough borne the re- have developed her system of proach that we are laggards in transportation so that her coal the world of progress—that, be- and iron mines shall be more ing among the richest in the gifts largely worked; when her half- of Providence, we are poorest in a-million bales of cotton shall be all that depends upon exertion manufactured at home; when her and enterprise." The young men great forests shall have been of North Carolina must cease to thrown open to the markets of look to the professions as the the world; when her sons shall only channels to renown. By have ceased to be mere hewers the use of their well trained brain of wood and drawers of water for and muscle in the upbuilding and others, then and not until then developing of their native State will she have occupied the place she will shake off the lethargy of for which she was destined in the the past, and in its stead she will union of American States. rear a name that will stand un- But as glorious as may be her blemished through all the coming future destiny it remains for us to decades of time. say whether it shall be. "We

JOHN BRIGHT.

JOS. H. PEELE. '91.

One by one the heroes of his- 1 The pages of English history tory have played their part and I record the names of many illus- passed beyond Every nation has trious men, and the Victorian age rendered homage to its great de- can well boast of patriotic states- parted. France mourned the fate of men, by whose noble aspirations the fair Joan of Arc ; the Dutch re- many grand reforms and achieve- public sang a mournful requiem ments have been wrought. over the grave of her murdered Among all the heroes of the chieftain, William, Prince of present century who stand as Orange; the heart of America milestones upon the high road of throbbed with sad emotion when England's prosperity, none de- the noble Lincoln passed away; serve more honor and homage and England likewise has put on than John Bright. His first great her robe of mourning for her achievement, the one by which statesman, John Bright. he so deeply chiseled his name in —

144 THE GUILFORD COLLEGIAN. the time-worn monuments of re- land; you can almost hear the nown, was the repeal of the Corn beating of his wings. There is Laws. Aided by the immortal no one as when the first born Cobden, with the mortar of public were slain of old, to sprinkle with sentiment, with material quarried blood the lintel and two side posts not in the minds of self aggrandise- of our doors, that he may spare ment, with the trowel of inspira- and pass on; he takes his victim tion and with the leveling rod of from the castle of the noble, the justice, he laid the foundation mansion of the wealthy and the upon which was erected the present cottage of the poor and lowly; manufacturing system of England. and it is in behalf of these classes

He was the champion of the right, that I make this solemn appeal." the invincible antagonist of wrong, Next we find him battling a of integrity, an oppressor against the Habeas Corpus of of deceit. Ireland; and it must be admitted Quaker orator and statesman that the passing of a bill in oppo- as he was, clad in the armor of a sition to this act was greatly aided righteous purpose and armed with by his strenuous efforts. the sword of eternal truth, he America cannot be too generous stood unmoved, unshaken and in her praise, nor too universal in unterrified, before the poisoned the tribute of honor which she darts hurled by that potent victor, pays him, since he stood firmly strife. When the sentiment in for the Union during our late Civil favor of the Crimean war was war, while the power and wealth forming a nucleus within the walls of England lent their sympathies of Parliament, he dared to reject to the Southern cau-.e. the dictation of the government, During those dire times he stood dared to oppose popular senti- like some isolated reef in mid ment, dared to forfeit honors for ocean, while the raving whirl- the sake of right. winds of strife and financial ruin Immediately after the news of hurled their seething, foaming the evacuation of Sebastapol and waves around him. of the terrible plague that had He said in his defense: "There breathed destruction up the Cri- may be men who dislike democ- mean camp had reached England, racy and who hate a republic in speaking of the awful calamity, there may be even those whose he said: " Many homes maybe sympathies warm towards the rendered desolate when the next slave oligarchy of the South—but

news arrives. The angel of death of this I am certain, that only has been abroad throughout the misrepresentation the most gross THE GUILFORD COLLEGIAN. H5 or calumny the most wicked, can head "high, expansive and prom- sever the tie which unites the inent," bordered with venerable great mass of this country with locks. Dark and heavy eyebrows their friends and brethren beyond overhung his blue eyes, which the Atlantic. As for me I have but could melt into tears or flash un-

this to say: I am but one in this earthly fire. audience, and but one in the citi- "His look drew audience zenship of this country, but if all And attention still as night." other tongues are silenced, mine shall speak for the policy which HL melodious voice in mild gives hope to the bondsman of persuasion was as soft as the the South and which tends to gen- siren-like music played by the erous thoughts and generous words gently- sleeping waves as they and generous deeds between the ripple on the pebbled beach; two great nations who speak the while in arousing his countrymen English language and from their the winter storm that rolls along origin are alike entitled to the the troubled deep could not be English name." more sublime. Well could it be Some have asserted that he said of him that he tuned the made the few mistakes of his po- harp of eloquence with a master's litical career in the latter years of hand.

his life, in regard to Ireland. Al- The star of his youth slowly though he was no Parnellite, yet arose from her gilded couch, he was the sincere friend of the draped with the crystal dews of Irish cause, "and he alleged that early dawn, swept in majestic those wrongs might be redressed course through the transcendant and those rights vindicated in the realms of "immortal fame" and Parliament of the United King- straightway vanished from our dom." view into the golden haze of a Throughout his whole life he joyous hereafter; and all that was was the undaunted champion of left of the Demothsones of Eng- England's poor. For this reason land's common people was laid he was hated by the aristocracy beneath the weeping willows of in early manhood, while in old Rochdale, his native town. age he was honored and beloved "Rest there; there is no prouder grave" by all. In all England's "proud clime. He was of portly statue, "broad We tell thy doom without a sigh, chested and of graceful deport- For thou art Freedom's now, and Fame's, ment." His face was the very One of the few of the immortal names image of intellectual power, fore- That were not born to die." 146 THE GUILFORD COLLEGIAN.

COMPULSORY EDUCATION.

Hermon H. Woody. '90

The history of our country up State and nation. If such is the to the present time is a record of case— if the perils of our country unprecedented prosperity. Nev- have their origin and find their j er before has a career of such I support in the ignorance of her

unbroken national success been | citizens, then should immediate checkered with such few misfor- steps be taken toward the remo- tunes. The government and in- val of that cause. Among the stitutions so firmly established by methods suggested for dealing our forefathers have so far been with this evil, compulsory educa- able to withstand all calamities, tion claims our attention as the both in peace and war. And today best in theory and the most prac- our nation, as the grandest and tical in its results. Scarcely a firmest in the world, is apparently majority of the children of school prepared to withstand any disas- age are to be found in our public ter and to overcome any impedi- schools. Especially is this the ment that may occur in the future. case in the rural districts, where

Such, at least, is the earnest desire it must be admitted that poorly and firm belief of the American furnished school-houses and in- people. But there are certain competent teachers offer some perils existing today which are excuse for non-attendance. There well calculated to excite appre- is a demand today for a higher hension as to our country's future. standard of education among the The uneducated state of a large masses, broadening their minds, number of our people may well developing their characters and be considered a cause of alarm, fitting them for the duties and especially when we consider that responsibilities that must devolve upon this foundation of ignorance upon them in after life. This de- have grown up the greatest na- mand our present system of public tional perils. Any one after a education does not fully meet, moment's thought can see the either on account of some defi- truth of this statement. Ignorance ciency in itself, or because the and vice, intelligence and virtue, people do not make use of the are always associated together. opportunities offered them. The

The widely different and contrary latter is apparently the true rea- effects of these two qualities is son, for while the present educa- illustrated in every community, tional system is in many ways THE GUILFORD COLLEGIAN. H7 plainly deficient, still it offers fair interest in the matter themselves. opportunities for laying the foun- And whatever deficiencies there dation of a thorough education. may be in our present school sys-

So it is evident that the cause of tem, do they not arise either our present illiteracy lies not so directly or indirectly from the much in any deficiency of the apathy of the people? If the peo- educational system as with the ple take no interest in their public people themselves. No matter schools they need not expect them how great and how excellent op- to prosper. But when by a com- portunities may be offered, some pulsory law they are forced to give people will never allow themselves the schools their patronage they to be benefitted by them. It is will demand that these schools just so in regard to education. shall be of the best quality, and Although there may be excellent whatever faults and deficiencies schools near at hand, still in many may now exist they will gradually cases the parents do not permit disappear by reason of the in- their children to attend them, but creased demand and voluntary keeping them at home compel aid of the American people. them to employ the time best When an interest is once aroused suited to the development of the rest is comparatively easy. A their characters and intellects in larger proportion of the taxes grasping with problems and re- would be paid into the school fund; sponsibilities of actual life. This, the government would make lar- then, is a case for the law. The ger appropriations for the cause parents having failed to do their of education, especially benefitting duty toward their children, the and improving our public schools; law must step in and perform it. and an interest would be awaken- A nation like ours cannot afford ed never known before, spread- to permit even a small proportion ing over our whole country, per- of her citizens to grow up in meating all classes, and advanc- ignorance. This proportion, small ing our people to a higher degree though it may be, will and does of intelligence and refinement make itself felt at the ballot box, than has ever yet been reached and to such an extent as to con- by any other nation. trol our elections at the present There are other reasons and time. Thus, in a question of such arguments favoring this law.

serious importance it is perfectly Every year thousands of foreign right that the iron hand of the immigrants, unable or unwilling law in self-defense compel the to support themselves in their education of those who take no native land, come to our country 148 THE GUILFORD COLLEGIAN. seeking for homes. They bring schools thus opening one medium with them foreign ideas and cus- at least for the influx of American toms in many cases antagonistic principles. When all lines of di- to our government and institu- vision are swept away, and all tion; or worse than that, with the nationalities intermingled and memory of former oppression still modeled into one, they offer the lingering with them they openly best and firmest material for build- avow a deadly hatred to all law, ing a nation that will endure. government and order. All these And the great mixing-pot, the classes must be brought into sym- place where all nationalities and pathy with our political and social all grades and classes of society institutions, must be thoroughly are brought to a common level, Americanized before they can the exponent of freedom and of become loyal American citizens. American institutions, is the pub- We need not expect to entirely lic school. And again, many of uproot the principles already our citizens owning considerable established in the minds of the property are taxed for the main- older immigrats and to substitute tenance of a school fund although for them American ideas of so- having no children themselves. ciety and government; that is to The benefit which they derive a great extent impossible; but from this investment must come our hope lies with the children. to them indirectly through the Let them attend our public general advancement of intelli- schools, there to associate with gence and refinement in their American children, to become community, state and nation. acquainted with the American Therefore, they rightly demand language, to acquire American that the same law that taxes them habits of thought together with a shall extend its arm of power and love for our government and its require that all the children of institutions, and they will grow their respective communities shall up to be our best and most loyal make use of these opportunities citizens. But suppose these chil- which they are taxed to support. dren do not attend the schools? And now in regard to the prac- And there is a strong tendency ticability of this law. In all cases among foreigners to-day to isolate where compulsory education has themselves from all other classes been fairly tried, it has proved a and attempt to retain their ancient success. Look at Germany prob- ideas and customs. Here the law ably the most highly educated na- should step in and place the chil- tion in Europe if not in the world. dren in the nations own public In all the arts and sciences she !

THE GUILFORD COLLEGIAN. 149 stands without a superior and al- in the public schools has been the most unrivalled. No better in- result. If our nation intends to stitutions are to be found any- hold in the future the place she

where than the universities of has so nobly filled in the past, if StrasburgandLeipsic. And what she expects to stand forever upon

is most important the masses the foundations so firmly laid, of her people are intelligent and and to do the work allotted to her well educated. These are the in the nature of her position and direct results ol the compulsory the abundance of her resources, educational law in Germany. Nor let her look well to the education

are we without examples in our of her masses. Ignorance is her own country of the efficiency of greatest peril. With this once this law. It has already been conquered, she stands secure. tried in a number of our northern Let her then lend all her energies and western states and with the and employ every means toward best results. In all cases where the accomplishment of this end.

suitable provisions have been Then, and not till then, is her made for its enforcement an in- future secure. creased attendance and interest

COLLEGE PICNIC.

"Are you going to the Pilot?" seated themselves in the three was a question current at Guilford large wagons which were to take College several weeks previous to them to Guilford Battle Ground, May 17th. When the morning a ride of four miles. The road came the inmates of Founders' was rough and the wagons with- and Archdale Halls found them- out springs, but that only added selves summoned and astir ere to the gayety of the occasion. the fourth watch of the night had The wait at the station was short, hardly begun—the still moon held and as the engine and a multitude unquestioned sway. By four of freight cars crept slowly along o'clock we had breakfasted, some just eighty of us prepared to enter very lightly, for they found the the two coaches attached. On anticipation sufficient to take the mounting the steps we were pleas- place of food. ed to see the faces of two friends Soon after, the north-east door from Greensboro, old students, was the scene of much merriment, and were truly glad that they had as the young ladies mounted and come to enjoy the day with us. 15° THE GUILFORD COLLEGIAN.

From 5.30 to 10.30 A. M., was Perhaps every one knows that spent upon the road. The towns the Pilot mountain is one of the were few and small. Nature's Sauratown range, and its pinna- adorning were the only attra ctions, cle makes it the most attractive and these were not so abundant peak, the peculiarity Of which as to tire one in the gaze. made this mountain a guide-post

We did not grow restless so to the Indians, hence its name. long as we kept in motion, but the This pinnacle is a huge mass of long stops of fifteen and thirty solid rock, one acre in area, and minutes made us quite anxious to rising almost perpendicularly upon reach the mountain before the the crest of the mountain. The heat of noon. walls are bleak and bare; how-

At Pinnacle Station, our stop- ever, vegetation is abundant upon ping place, we seemed at the very the top, though somewhat stunt- base of the mountain, but when ed, especially the pines. As we we began to measure it by steps approached the base of this pin- we found it a long, weary tramp. nacle we began to entertain ideas We longed -many times for the of not making the ascent, but spring, (said to be half way "what man has done man can do," up) and ere it was reached some and we stopped no longer. The of us were almost ready to wish ascent is made by niches in the we had remained at the College, rock and two ladders. The view the way was so long and steep, from the top was well worth the the sun was so hot. price paid, notwithstanding the By noon nearly all had reached smoke which was spread over the the spring, and its waters proved valleys. The broad expanse be- almost as magical as the "foun- fore us was beautiful and grand. tain of youth," for the almost ice- The two peaks in close proximity, cold draught, together with the Moore's Knob and Saddleback, model picnic dinner, of which we rising, as the Pilot does, from the partook so freely, -made us forget very plain itself, impresses one our weariness and feel quite as with the thought of. a Power which rested as when we started. makes even nature seem to vio-

Dinner over, we started to finish late its own laws. The white the ascent, almost all, young ribbon stretching along to the ladies not excepted, bent on going southward gave us the first to the very top. From the spring glimpse of the swift-flowing to the base of the pinnacle the Yadkin.

slope is fully 45 °, the height of We loved to linger at this en- the pinnacle near 150 feet. chanting place, but the descent — — —

THE GUILFORD COLLEGIAN. I5 1 had to be made and we found the seum received a memento of the task not any easier than the as- excursion i.e. a variety of scorpion cent. Many of us breathed a commonly known as barking sigh of relief as the last round of scorpion. the bottom ladder was reached. By I P. M. the last wagon load The walk around the pinnacle had landed at Founders Hall, and gives a better idea of its sublimity so ended the first picnic of Guil- than the ascent. The profusion ford College and to most of us the of mountain laurel (it was in first visit to this — one of the won- bloom) through which one has to ders and attractions of the Old pass, the deep alcoves in the rock North State. S. and the cool breezes of the shady nooks left a very pleasing impres- SELECTIONS. sion. We were loath to leave these delightful haunts, twice If thou hast friends give them thy best endeavor, pleased to us so weary, so warm, Thy warmest impulse and thy purest thought. but the occasional shriek of the Keeping in mind and word and action ever locomotive in the valley reminded The time is short. —Elizabeth Prentiss. us that by five o'clock we must be in our coach and ready for the May I reach homeward ride. That purest heaven —be to other souls The descent to the spring was The cup of strength in some great agony, necessarily rapid, one could not Enkindle gencous ardor, feed pure love, do otherwise. One of the party Beget the smiles that have no cruelty, had a chance stumble and begin- Be the sweet presence of a good diffused, ning with that came the remaining And in diffusion ever more intense way down rolling over and over. So shall I join the choir invisible, With weary bodies the progress Whose music is the gladness of the world. toward the station was slow. The — George Eliot. conductor waited for twenty-five minutes and so soon as we had come sped us to the Battle Faith creates the virtues in Ground at a much faster rate than which it believes. M. de Sevigne. we had gone. Sackcloth and ashes may do to The Botany class found the repent in, but give us the beauti- mountain rich with material with ful garments of hope to live and which to fill their herbariums; the die in. — 5. H. Stevenson. Geologists saw in the pinnacle one of Nature's wonders of which they Refinement is the delicate aroma had studied abstractly. The mu- of Christianity.— Yonge. :

152 THE GUILFORD COLLEGIAN.

this connection, we desire to ex- (£XuilforcL oollegiaa. Xhe press our hearty thanks to our PUBLISHED MONTHLY BY THE friends for their encouragement LITERARY SOCIETIES and generous support of the paper. We would also bespeak for our Of Guilford Collfge. successors the same cordial recep- tion accorded us and trust that in JUNE, 1889. their hands The Collegian may have a brilliant and prosperous '89. Editor, . . . . ROBERT C. ROOT, '91. Financial Manager. . .JOS. MOORE LEE, career. STAFF Marion W. Darden. '92, Personals. Richard D Robinson, 91, Locals, Campbell White, '89, Literary. The first Commencement of Guilford College passed off as Terms: $1.00 per annum in advance pleasantly as could be desired. Club Rat^s: Six copi s, $5.00. The oratorical contests were feat- ures of much interest and will, as The Collegian is entered at the New Garden Post Office as second class matter. we believe, be a source of much good in encouraging a more care- The present number of The ful and correct style of writing as

Collegian is the last that will well as a more easy and graceful greet our readers until the opening" manner in delivery. of the next school year. With Another new feature was the this issue we will have fulfilled awarding of prizes for the best our pledges made to our friends essays on capital punishment and in the Prospectus issued last No- temperance. It is to be regreted vember. In fact the promises that only a few availed themselves therein made have more than of the opportunity for a friendly been fulfilled, yet we trust there competitive test of their powers are still better things in store for of expression and skill in com- our future readers; for we heartily position; besides, the subjects al- believe Guilford College has the luded to are prominently before talent among her students to the public and afford a fine field manage a college journal that will for careful investigation and for be creditable alike to the College the expression of clear, logical and to college journalism. thought. We hope that many With this issue, the present will be ready another year to Editors lay aside the cares of the enter heartily into these competi- editorial sanctum and consign to tive trials of mental strength. other hands the future career of While all appreciate the prizes The Collegian. In severing offered and also the honor of being- a

THE GUILFORD COLLEGIAN. 153 the victor in the contest, still the oratory, a Gymnasium, and a Y. greatest good comes from the M. C. A. Hall. cultivation of the powers of ex- With these added to the ad- pression and from original inves- vantages already here, few insti- tigation and the expression of tutions in the South could offer original, independent thought. more inducements to young men and young women who seek a This year, as often occurs, we thoroughly sound educational had disagreeable weather on the training. The Science Hall is morning that the students took needed for more extended inves- their departure from the College. tigation in science, and especially It was all the more disagreeable for practical experiments in chem- on arriving at the station to find istry. With such a Hall and with no suitable accommodations for better apparatus there would nat- the traveling public. Even in the urally arise a deeper interest in most pleasant weather the accom- the study of the sciences, — modations are far from being what highly desirable result to gain. they should be, but when it rains A Gymnasium would give a it is simply impossible to be com- wonderful impetus to athletics fortable while waiting for the and of course result in increased train. Such a condition of things bodily and mental vigor of the is a reproach to the Railway students following a systematic Company. The Richmond and course of exercise or training. Danville managers seem to have A Y. M. C. A. Hall would be a little concern for the comfort of means of developing the moral the people of this community, but and spiritual faculties of the stu- we think they will sometime find dents through the interest center- that it would pay to build a suit- ed in the possession of such a able depot, instead of putting up building. a mere shed, for the accommoda- Now these are the most pressing tion of the students of Cuilford needs of Cuilford College and College. who will be the first to give a lib- eral contribution and who to pro- We wish to call the attention of pose the most feasible plan for the friends of Guilford College to securing these buildings? Guilford the fact that three things are es- College wants them, the youth of pecially needed by the institution North Carolina needs them, Chris- to meet the demands of the day; tian culture demands them and they are, a Science Hall and Lab- we must have them. 154 THE GUILFORD COLLEGIAN

©BI^SONALi. account of illness. She was up at Commencement. E. M. Cole is further pursuing his studies at Vanderbilt Uni- Sallie Barker is in the neigh- versity. borhood to see her sister occa- sionally, and while there comes J. C. Bird has been married up to the College frequently. several years. He is living on the old estate of his grandfather R. D. Robinson, of Raleigh, in Virginia. came up to commencement. He Minnie A. Edgerton was very left school several weeks before much missed by some this term. its close on account of his eyes. Though at home, she continued her music lessons. Jessie Johnson, of Morganton, Tenn., will remain at the College James Tomilson is clerking in Sample Brown's dry goods store, a few weeks and probably all Greensboro, N. C. vacation.

Lissa Perkins, of Glenville, J. R. Kennedy finds himself Nebraska, married E. H. John- quite as successful as when a mem- son. They live at Hastings, Neb. ber of the Collegian staff. His duties are now to oversee a large A. B. Perkins, of the same place, farm. is in the Abstract and Loan office at Clay Center, Neb. We are glad that Anna Hale has sufficiently recovered from a Mary E. Dougherty, a student severe fall received a few weeks of New Garden Boarding School ago to be out again. in 1856, is now Mrs. S. C. Dod- son, of Greensboro. Lorena Reynolds, governess

here several years, is teaching the Josiah White, at school 1884-6, first grade in the graded school at has since been to Earlham. He Reidsville, N. C. is now farming at Belvidere, N. C.

Minnie and Cora Copeland, re- Since leaving school Ibbie Chap- membered by many who were in pel has married William Hinton, school with them, now live with a first class engineer. They live their father at Chattanooga, Tenn. near Norfolk, Va.

Mamie F. Jones left school Present on Commencement day about a month before its close on were Laura Davidson, A. W. Blair, THE GUILFORD COLLEGIAN. 155

Anna Jones, Florence Welch and been athome for a month. Neither Mary Anderson, of '88. of them expect to return. Katie Woody will venture to spend the George Joyner is clerking in a next winter at that mission. dry goods store in Virginia, and "doing well." Elihu Joyner holds the position in one of the most important tel- Charles Outland, in school a egraph offices on the Atlantic and few years, is married, and farms Danville road which has only re- at Woodland, Northampton Co. cently been completed. Hattie Mendenhall visited the College the few days of Com- The College is proud of an oil mencement. She has returned painting of Nathan Hunt. The from Knoxville, Tenn., where she picture is in a handsome gilt frame and was presented by Dr. Tom- has had a position in a hospital. linson, of Archdale. Almost

The first class of Guilford Col- every one will know that Nathan lege numbered eight. The ora- Hunt was one of the most influ- tions were very good. Lucius A. ential persons in founding this Ward could not be present on school. account of illness which was re- On the evening of the 28th a gretted by all. goodly number of relatives and John Parker and wife made a friends assembled at Albert Peel's short visit to his father, Joseph to witness the marriage of his Parker of New Garden last month daughter Anna, to Richard Boren,

He is quite successful in business, both of New Garden. We hear and is in the firm of Parker & they are to live at High Point. Peele, commission merchants, The Collegian extends hearty Baltimore. congratulations.

We were glad to see so many Thomas J. Stanley 1887, has old students at the Commence- taken the degree of M. D. at the ( ment. We noticed George Scott University in Baltimore. He has and G. White, from Virginia, been travelling since then and J. J. Harris Bristow, of Bennettsville, stopped here a short time to see S. C, Prof. Jesse Moore, from some of his old friends. Goldsboro, Roxie Coltrane Hill Mary Anderson looked some- of Glenola, Walter Ashworth what tired after a winter spent at from Randleman, Callie and Mag- the Blue Ridge Mission, though gie Hocett from Center, and many she and Sallie Marshburne have others. i 5 6 THE GUILFORD COLLEGIAN.

LiOGALS. and Ed. E. Bain, Assistant Mana- ger. L. C. Van Noppen was The Latin classes of '89 pre- chosen Associate Editor from the sented a beautiful gold headed Websterian Society and R. D. umbrella to President L. L. Hobbs Robinson Associate Editor from as a token of their respect and the Claytonian Society. The esteem. In returning his thanks, Philagoreans will elect their rep- President Hobbs tooks occasion resentative next term. to express his hearty interest and COMMENCEMENT DAY. good wishes for the classes. There was every indication of The members of John T. Ben- a beautiful commencement day bow's table gave their attentive on the preceding evening, but the young friend, Esper Dorsett, quite morning dawned with lowering a suprise, on the evening of May clouds, while wind and rain for- 30th by presenting her two beau- cibly reminded us of one year tiful albums. ago. Nevertheless a good sized audience assembled in King Hall The last business meeting of to witness the exercises of the the Y. M. C. A. for the closing school year was held on May first graduating class of Guilford College. Pres. L. open- 22nd, when the following officers L Hobbs ed the exercises promptly at ten were elected for the ensuing year: reading a few appro- President, Herbert W. Reynolds; o'clock by of scripture, and Vice-President, Walter F. Grabs; priate verses followed with a very impressive Recording Secretary, S. A. Hod- prayer. gin; Corresponding Secretary, H. Joe. M. Dixon was the first speaker, and his excellent H. Woody; Treasurer, J. Milton Burrows. oration on "Devotion to North Carolina" showed him to be a The finely mounted Buffalo truly loyal son of the old North head spoken of in our last issue State. Edward B. Moore follow- has been removed from Porter's ed with an oration well written drug store in Greensboro, and and well delivered, illustrating the placed in the museum at Guilford influence of "Christianity as a College. factor in civilization." "Words- On May 25th, the John Bright worth's place in English poetry" Society held the election for new was the subject of Lola S. Stan- officers on The Collegian staff. ley's oration, and the gentle poet Jessie Johnson was chosen Editor, was dealt with in a manner that Joe. M. Lee, Financial Manager gave evidence of cultured maiden- THE GUILFORD COLLEGIAN. 157 ly grace and dignity. Robert H. was for eight years a professor at Cronk was the fourth orator, who Haverford College, the produc- ably and forcibly handled the sub- tions were above the average of ject: "Gustavus Adolphus." Northern colleges. This speaks An excellent production on well for the first year of Guilford "the preparatory schools of North College. May her future Com- Carolina," by Lucius A. Ward, mencements be still better, and was not delivered owing to may she ever go higher and high- severe illness. The class also er in the good work she has so regretted that indisposition pre- nobly begun. vented Campbell White from de- livering his oration, "The basis SENIOR CLASS DAY. of moral obligation," which would On the evening of 5th mo., 18th, have added not a little to the the first graduating class of Guil- interest of the occasion. "The ford College assembled on the women of India," by Fiorina G. campus before King Hall with the Worth, was a highly meritorious Faculty and students, and, ac- production —a womanly subject cording to the time-honored cus- treated in a womanly way. The tom of colleges, planted the class last on the program was the ora- tree. tion, "America's opportunity," by At the ringing of the bell the Robt. C. Root, who made an Senior class came up the walk eloquent appeal to American from Founders' Hall and formed manhood to cast aside the bar- about the tree. The class Presi- barous spirit of war and lead the dent, R. C. Root, read an appro- nations to the Christian standard priate address, in its nature both of peace. a valedictory to the institution Pres. Hobbs, in presenting the that had so zealously cared for diplomas, greatly impressed all the progress of the class, and an by the feeling remarks he address- exhortation to the class as they ed to the graduating class. Dr. were about to enter the world Hartshorne was then introduced. with its varied purposes and an- His address was short, pithy and ticipations. At its close Rena teeming with good advice. Worth supported the tree, a fine Judge Robt. P. Dick, Dr. Nere- sugar-maple donated by John Van us Mendenhall and other promi- Lindley of Pomona Nurseries, nent men were present. while President Root carefully The graduating orations were placed the first shovelful of earth all of a superior quality. As about its roots, followed in turn expressed by Dr. Hartshorne, who by the Secretary, Lola S. Stanley, i 5 8 THE GUILFORD COLLEGIAN. and the other members. When Thomas' Biographical Dictionary this part of the ceremony was for the prize oration at the con- ended Rena Worth read the class test. Considerable interest has poem, given in another column been manifested and it is believed that our readers may enjoy it for that the spirited yet friendly com- themselves, although they cannot petition for the prizes has been of produce for themselves the ex- benefit to the individual members. pression of the author as she ren- In the Clay Society, the' im- dered it. Then Joseph Moore provement medal was voted to E. Dixon delivered a carefully pre- D. Stanford of East Bend, N. C; pared prophecy concerning the the Unabridged Dictionary of the fate of his classmates twenty-five Webs was awarded to S. D. Davis, years hence, the predictions of Marion, S. C. which seemed to fulfil the aspira- The Websterian oratorical con- tions of the class, even as partic- test was held on the evening of ular a member as Robert Cronk. 5th mo. 25th. President John As the last words of the prophecy Wakefield, in a few well chosen died away the students sang the words, bid the audience welcome. hymn, "God be with you till we The orators of the evening fol- meet again," thus closing what lowed in the order named. Jos. was altogether an impressive cer- H. Peele, whose subject was "John emony, a precedent upon which Bright;" N. G. Ward, " Concen- future classes may build as they tration of Purpose; David White, " advance with the growth of the Jr., The Jews;" W. P. Henley, institution that gave it birth. " The Useful versus the Magnifi- cent; W. P. Ragan, " There shall ORATORACLE CONTESTS. be no Alps;" L. C. Van Noppen, Among the attractive features " Power of Opinion;" S. A. Hod- of commencement week were the gin, " Age of Inventions;" and H. semi-annual oratorical contests of H. Woody, " Compulsory Educa- the Claytonian and Websterian tion." The judges—President Societies, the second that have Hobbs, Mrs. Hackney, and Mrs. been held. Two medals were Hobbs—awarded the prize to Jos. offered by the Clays—one for the H. Peele. It was delivered by most improvement made in de- A. W. Blair, a former member of bate during the term—the other, the Society, in a speech contain- the regular orator's medal. The ing good advice for all the con- Websterians offered Webster's testants. The prize awarded to Unabridged Dictionary for the S. D. Davis was delivered by E. most improvement, and Dr. B. Moore in an appropriate speech. THE GUILFORD COLLEGIAN. 159

The productions of the contes- in the presence of a large and ap- tants, both in composition and preciative audience. The pleasure delivery were highly commenda- of the evening was increased by ble, and demonstrated the fact the coolness of the evening, un- that the brains of the Society usually pleasant for the season. were not all with those members The programe was opened by a who were of the Senior class, as solo well rendered by Gertrude they did not take part in the con- Smith, and continued as follows: test. 2. Recitation by Nellie Ander- The Claytonian oratorical con- son, given in an impressive man- " test was held on the evening of ner. 3. Nathaniel Macon," an the 27th. After the opening re- oration by Allen B. Coltrane. In marks of the President, followed addition to the subject matter, by a song, the contestants spoke which was a sketch of the life and in the following order: W. S. Fol- character of one of North Caro- lina's noblest men, the self-pos- well, "Garfield as a Model;" J. T. Benbow, " Progress of the session and distinct ennunciation ;" F. B. Benbow, of the speaker made this a feature " The Influence of Ignorance of the occasion. 4. A song by upon Government;" C. L. Van the Van Noppen brothers. 5. Noppen, "The Injustice of War;" A declamation characteristically " J. M. Lee, Washington's Inau- rendered by William P. Ragan. guration;" J. M. Burrows, "The 6. A spirited recitation by Henry- Dawn of a New Era;" E. D. Stan- anna C. Hackney, of Holmes' " ford, Resources and Record of " One Horse Chaise." 7. The North Carolina." The medal was Society paper containing much of awarded to J. Milton Burns and the news and some of the spicy presented by J. M. Dixon whose sayings and doings and incidents remarks were short and well connected with Commencement, placed The successful orator, by Zella McCulloch. 8. Court according to arrangement, pre- scene from theMerchant of Venice. sented the improvement medal The dramatis personam being as awarded to E. D. Stanford. follows: The Duke, David White,

Jr., Shylock, John McDaniel; An- John Bright Literary tonio, J. Milton Burrows; Bas- Society. sanio, Chas. Thornton; Gratiano, President Reynolds presided at R. A. Cooper; Portia, Herman the entertainment of the John Woody; Nerissa, Chas. L. Van

Bright Literary Society, given on Noppen. 9. A song, by Anna V. the evening of 5th month 29th, ' Edgerton, Ella McBane, Ed. E. i6o THE GUILFORD COLLEGIAN.

Bain, Herbert Reynolds. 10. Ora- hwether we hav the Wood Robin tion, "Building of the Temple," in North Carolina. In my at- by Jessie Johnson, in which the tempt to verify the pair of thrush-

author outlined the analogy be- es to hwich I referd, I was led to tween the Temple of the Jews examin the Key to the Birds of and the human body, and applied , by Elliott Coues,

it as a lesson of true worship in the only special work on orni- the temple of the body. thology of any authority in our

The whole program was carried library. To my surprise I found out in a manner that reflected that he does not mention the wood credit on the Society, and was robin, and in reply to an inquiry enjoyed by the intelligent com- he says he does not know hwat pany present. bird is ment by that name, and asks for a specimen of the bird On the afternoon of the 30th, for identification of the species. the graduating class and Faculty Now had any one of les authority met at Founders' Hall and organ- than the U. S. government spe-

ized the Alumni Association " of cialist made this statement, I Guilford College, President Hobbs should hav thought it was the acting as chairman. T. M. Dixon result of insufficient observation, was elected President, Rena G. but as the case stands of course Worth, Secretary, and president I naturally question the founda- Hobbs, professor Perisho, profes- tion of my own opinion. I know sor Mendenhall, Lola S. Stanley that nothing is easier of illustra- and R. C. Root were appointed tion than the want of accurate as members of the Executive observation on objects that are Committee. entirely familiar, and hence think On the same afternoon of the it more reasonable to conclude 30th, the class of 90 met in that my observations on a bird the parlor at Founders' Hall and that I hav known only in another organized, electing John P. Ben- state, ar insufficient, than that a bow, president pro. tern., and specialist should havoverlookt or Rodema Wright Secretary. wrongly classified so popular a bird as the wood robin. In Penn- OUR BIRDS. sylvania this bird takes the place of the mocking bird with us, and

Hwen I wrote my articl on Our I hev seen it under favorabl cir-

Thrushes, in the last number of cumstances, and listened to it by the Collegian, the question hwich the hour; to be under the neces- was prominent in my mind was sity of believing, therefore, that THE GUILFORD COLLEGIAN. 161

there is no such a bird, is much like being told there is no robin red-breast. On this question I hope to give the authority of Au- dubon and Wilson in the next number of the Collegian, and should be glad to hear from any

one who is interested in the mat- ter and who can speak with au-

thority. J. F. D.

Guilford College.

"W. IB. T*^J3RJRj&JEl,

j WATCH MAKRR, GREENSBORO, N. C.

I No better in this State.

WWl

ubYl $ GREENSBORO, JV. C. Clothing-, Dress Goods, Shoes, Hats, CARPETS AND STAPLE DRY GOODS. Our Prices wlltvays the Eotvest. Our Terms Cash Down every time. Our Goods First- CI'ass and, Reliable.

X C3> CH> OTT & CO,

GREENSBORO, N. O, WHOLESALE MERCHANTS,

AJVn DE.IEERS IJV JV. C. DRIED FRUITS.

Corresponden ce Solicited. .. , . :

THE GUILFORD COLLEGIAN.

Gape Fear & Yadkin Valley R.Y.Go W£SoT£R THE E3C3T INVESTMENT CONDENSED SCHEDULE No. 10 for the Family, School, or Professional Librarv.

Taking effect ^-45 «. '"•, Monday, May 6, iSSq. . WEBST£/?\ /Y/ ONABRWCgg/ LIBRARY TRAINS MOVING NORTH. 'DICTICNApv* Passenger 'Freight and and Mail \Acco7n'tion

Leave Bennettsville.. . 4:35 a.m. 5:15 a. Besides many otnui' i,.. ».., Arrive Max ton 5:35 " 7:15 ' Leave Maxton 5:45 " 7:45 ' A Dictionary of the La$ij Arrive Payetteville 7:35 " ' 11:40 containing 11S,U(J0 Words end 3000 Engravings, Leave Fayetteville 8:00 " 9:35 ' Arrive Sanford 110:10 " 1:50 ' A Dictionary of Bioyraphy " ' Leave Sanford 10:30 2:50 giving facts about nearly 10,000 Noted Persons, Arrive Greensboro 1:45 p. m. 8:00 p. m

Leave Greensboro i 2:05 " 5:05 a.m. A Dictionary of Geography " " Arrive Mt. Airy ! 6:00 11:30 locating and briefly describing 25,000 Plaices, Passengers and Mail North bound Breakfast at Fayetteville and Dinner at Greensboro A Dictionary of Fiction found only in Webster's Unabridged, TRAINS MOVING SOUTH. All in One Book. J'assenge Freight more and nearly iiOOO Illus- and j 3000 Words more and Mail Acconi tion. trations than any other American Dictionary.

Leave Mt. Airy 3:45 a. m. 12:30 p. m WEBSTER IS THE STANDARD " Arrive Greensboro 7:45 7:15 " the " Authority in Gov't Printing Office, and with Leave ( ;reensboro 9:55 7:20 a m. the U. S. Supreme Court. It is recommended Arrive Sanford 1:05 p. m. 2:25 p m. by the State Sup'ts of Schools of 36 States, and " " Leave Sanford 1:30 2:50 by leading College Pres' ts of the U. S. and Canada. Arrive Fayetteville 3:30 " 6:00 " " Leave Fayetteville 3:45 7:40 a. m. SPECIMEN TESTIMONIALS. " Arrive Maxton 5:40 12:05 p m. says : Webster is al- Leave Maxton 5:50 " 12:15 " The New York World Arrive Bennettsville 7:00 " 2:f5 " most universally coneededto be the best. Passenger and Mail South bound breakfast at Tlie Boston Globe says : Webster is the ac- Greensboro, and dinner at Sanford knowledged standard in lexicography.

FACTORY AND MADISON BRANCHES. The Atlanta Constitution says : Webster has Freisrht and Accommodation long been the standard authority in our office.

The Chicago Inter Ocean says : Webster's NORTH BOUND. Unabridged has always been the standard. Leave Millboro . 7:45 a m. The New Orleans Times Democrat says Arrive Greensboro . 9:20 " Leave Greensboro. .10:10 " Webster is standard authority in our office. Arrive Madison .12:30 p. m. The NeW York Tribune says: It is recognized SOUTH BOUND. as the most useful existing "word-book" of Leave Madison 1:45 p m the English language all over the world. Arrive Greensboro 4:15 " Sold by all Booksellers. Pamphlet free.

. 4:45 " - Leave Greensboro G. &. C. MERRIAM & CO., Pub'rs, Springfield, M -s. Arrive Millboro 6:30 p. m.

Passenger and Mail Trains run daily except FOR WATCHES, CLOCKS, SILVERWARE, Sunday. and Accommodation Train Freight runs from SPECTALLES, &c, GO TO Bennettsville to Fayetteville, Tuesdays, Thurs- days and Saturdays. Freight and Accommodation Train runs from Fayetteville to Bennettsville on Mondays, Wed- nesdays and Fridays; trom Fayetteville to 4. Greensboro on Mondays, Wednesdays and Fri- I. TH)<3)BNjT0J« 8 days; from Greensboro to Fayetteville on Tues- days, Thursdays and Saturdays; from Greens- boro to Mt. Airy on Mondays, Wednesdays and Fridays, and from Mt. Airy to Greensboro on Mondays, Wednesdays and Fridays THE WATCH MAKER, Trains on Madison Branch and Factory Branch daily except Sunday. J. W. FRY, General Superintendent. House, W. B. KYLE, General Passenger Agent. Benbow GREENSBORO. THE GUILFORD COLLEGIAN.

islory by the c

G-eneral History in 80 Topical Lessons and 8 Historical Essays.

The History of United States in 65 Topical Lessons and 7 Historical Essays.

By Prof. John W\ Woody.

The book is original and attractive in form, Scientific in Method and thorough in its plan of research. It is the result of several year's work in the class room. The book should be in the hand of every teacher and student of history. Sent by mail post paid for $1.00. Address, THE GUILFORD COLLEGIAN, New Garden, N. C. THE GUILFORD COLLEGIAN. J. H. HARRIS, WANTED!

One Hundred and Fifty Students to get HARNESS. SADDLES their Hair Cut and Shave every month at PROF. L. W. WOODS FASHIONABLE And Embroidery Silks, BARBER SHOP, Under Benbow House, GREENSBORO, N. C. GREENSBORO, N. C. GEO. LAMPMAN, DEALER IN H. H. CARTLASD, Fine Diamonds, Watches, JEWELRY and SILVERWARE. Repairing of all kinds and Engraving a Specialty MERCHANT TAILOR, GREENSBORO, N. C. AND DEALER IN Bs. i, w« mmwmm,) SUUGMON DENTIST. Teeth extracted without pain by the use AND FURNISHING GOODS, of Nitrous Oxide, safest anaesthetic known. Opp. Benbow House, Greensboro, N. C. GREENSBORO, N. C.

X

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