CONTENTS

Preface xix Introduction xxi Acknowledgments xxvii

PART I CONTENT REGULATION 1

CHAPTER 1 BOOKS AND MAGAZINES 3 A. Violence 3 Rice v. Paladin Enterprises 4 Braun v. Soldier of Fortune Magazine, Inc. 11 Einmann v. Soldier of Fortune Magazine, Inc. 18 B. Censorship 25 Bantam Books, Inc. v. Sullivan 25

CHAPTER 2 MUSIC 29 A. Violence 29 Weirum v. RKO General, Inc. 29 McCollum v. CBS, Inc. 33 Matarazzo v. Aerosmith Productions, Inc. 40 Davidson v. Time Warner 42 Pahler v. Slayer 51 B. Censorship 56 Luke Records v. Navarro 57 Marilyn Manson v. N.J. Sports & Exposition Auth. 60 Southeastern Promotions, Ltd. v. Conrad 71

xi xii Contents

CHAPTER 3 TELEVISION 79 A. Violence 79 Olivia N. v. NBC 80 Graves v. WB 84 Zamora v. CBS 89 B. Censorship 94 Writers Guild of Am., West Inc. v. ABC, Inc. 94 F.C.C. v. Fox Television Stations, Inc. 103

CHAPTER 4 FILM 115 A. Violence 115 Byers v. Edmondson 117 Lewis v. Columbia Pictures Industries, Inc. 122 B. Censorship 128 Swope v. Lubbers 128 Appendix 1: The Movie Rating System 134 United Artists Corporation v. Maryland State Board of Censors 141 Miramax Films Corp. v. Motion Picture Ass’n of Am., Inc. 145 C. Both Sides of the Censor Debate 151 MPAA Ratings Chief Defends Movie Ratings 151 Censuring the Movie Censors 153

CHAPTER 5 VIDEO GAMES 159 A. Violence 159 Watters v. TSR 160 James v. Meow Media 164 Sanders v. Acclaim Entertainment, Inc. 174 Wilson v. Midway Games 186 B. Censorship 189 Brown v. Entertainment Merchants Assoc. 189 Entertainment Software Ass’n v. Swanson 196 Eclipse Enterprises, Inc. v. Gulotta 200

PART II INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY 213

CHAPTER 6 COPYRIGHT: ORIGINALITY AND DERIVATIVE WORKS 215 A. Originality 216 Miller v. Universal City Studios, Inc. 216 Herzog v. Castle Rock Entertainment 219 Contents xiii

B. Derivative Works 234 Gilliam v. ABC, Inc. 234 Micro Star v. FormGen, Inc. 240 Castle Rock Entertainment, Inc. v. Carol Publishing Group, Inc. 245 Bridgeport Music, Inc. v. Dimension Films 252

CHAPTER 7 COPYRIGHT OWNERSHIP AND TRANSFER 261 A. Copyright Ownership and Transfer 261 1. Joint Works and Joint Ownership 261 Childress v. Taylor 262 Thomson v. Larson 270 Aalmuhammed v. Lee 279 B. Works for Hire 286 Warren v. Fox Family Worldwide, Inc. 286 C. Assignment Rights 295 Burnett v. Warner Brothers Pictures, Inc. 296 Silvers v. Sony Pictures Entertainment, Inc. 298

CHAPTER 8 COPYRIGHT INFRINGEMENT AND INFRINGEMENT DEFENSES 305 A. Infringement 305 Bright Tunes Music Corp. v. Harrisongs Music 305 United States v. Wise 310 MGM v. Grokster, Ltd. 320 B. Infringement Defenses 331 Campbell v. Acuff-Rose Music, Inc. 332 C. Digital Millennium Copyright Act (DMCA) 345 Lenz v. Universal Music Corp. 345

CHAPTER 9 TRADEMARK 355 A. Trademark Basics 356 Oliveira v. Frito-Lay, Inc. 356 B. Illegal Use of Trademark 361 1. Merchandising Contracts and Illegal Use of Trademark 361 Elvis Presley Enterprises, Inc. v. Capece 361 New Kids on the Block v. News American Publishing, Inc. 372 Great Entertainment Merchandise, Inc., v. VN Merchandising, Inc. 377 C. Battle Over Band Names 380 Kingsmen v. K-Tel Intern. Ltd. 380 Robi v. Reed 386 xiv Contents

D. Use in Video Game 390 Universal City Studios v. Nintendo 390 Frosty Treats, Inc. v. Sony Computer Entertainment America, Inc. 395

PART III RIGHTS OF PRIVACY AND PUBLICITY 403

CHAPTER 10 FILM AND TELEVISION 405 Lugosi v. Universal Pictures 405 Carson v. Here’s Johnny Portable Toilets, Inc. 411 Midler v. Ford Motor Co. 417 White v. Samsung Electronics America, Inc., 420 Abdul-Jabbar v. General Motors Corp. 428 Comedy III Productions, Inc. v. Saderup 436

CHAPTER 11 MUSIC 451 Parks v. LaFace Records 451 Apple Corps Ltd. v. A.D.P.R., Inc. 471 Browne v. McCain 478 Ward v. Klein 485

CHAPTER 12 VIDEO GAMES 491 A. Rights of Publicity 491 Romantics v. Activision Publishing, Inc. 491 Hart v. Electronic Arts 501

PART IV MANAGERS, AGENTS, AND LAWYERS 529

CHAPTER 13 MANAGERS 531 A. Film and Television 532 Marathon Entertainment, Inc. v. Blasi 532 1. Working with Minors 542 Berg v. Traylor 542 B. Music 547 Yoo v. Robi 548 Ahern v. Scholz 555 Contents xv

CHAPTER 14 AGENTS 565 A. Film and Television 566 Grammer v. The Artists Agency 566 B. Music 571 Wil-Helm Agency v. Lynn 571 International House of Talent, Inc. v. Alabama 578

CHAPTER 15 LAWYERS 591 A. Film and Television 592 Blanks v. Shaw 592 B. Music 605 Croce v. Kurnit 605 King v. Fox 613

PART V FILM AND TELEVISION AGREEMENTS 621

CHAPTER 16 TALENT 623 Goudal v. Cecil B. DeMille Pictures Corp. 624 How SAG Was Founded 629 A. Pay or Play Contracts 632 Parker v. Twentieth Century-Fox Film Corp. 633 Welch v. Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer Film Co. 636 Robin Williams’ Pay-or-Play Lawsuit Tossed 642 This Is Me, Inc. v. Taylor 643 Directors Guild of America, Inc. v. Millennium Television Network, Inc. 651 Rather v. CBS Corporation 657

CHAPTER 17 CREDITS, WRITERS, DIRECTORS, AND PRODUCERS 665 A. Credits 665 Lloyd v. R.K.O. Pictures, Inc. 666 Loren v. Samuel Bronston Productions, Inc. 670 Luster Enterprises, Inc. v. Jacobs 672 Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer Studios, Inc. v. Scheider 673 Smith v. Montoro 678 Smithers v. Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer Studios, Inc. 682 B. Writers 687 RKO Pictures, Inc. v. Jarrico 687 1. Writing Credit and Arbitration 690 King v. Innovation Books 691 Apatow v. Writers Guild of America 698 xvi Contents

C. Directors 701 Tristar Pictures, Inc. v. Director’s Guild of America, Inc. 702 D. Producers 705 Blaustein v. Burton 706

PART VI FILM FINANCE, NET COMPENSATION, AND MERCHANDISING 717

CHAPTER 18 FILM FINANCE, NET COMPENSATION, AND MERCHANDISING 719 A. Film Financing 721 General Star International Indemnity Ltd. v. Chase Manhattan Bank 721 B. Net Compensation 725 Buchwald v. Paramount Pictures Corp. 726 Wagner v. Columbia Pictures Industries, Inc. 731 C. Merchandising and Product Placement 739 Lee v. Marvel Enterprises, Inc. 740 Product Placement and the FCC 749 Estate of Presley v. Russen 750

PART VII MUSIC CONTRACTS 779

CHAPTER 19 RECORD COMPANIES 781 Gordy Company v. Mary Jane Girls, Inc. 783 Isley v. Motown Record Corp. 791 A. Band Names 796 Bell v. Streetwise Records, Ltd. 796 B. Music Publishing 801 PeerMusic III, Ltd. v. LiveUniverse, Inc. 803 Globe Music Corp. v. Johnson 806 Abkco Music, Inc. v. Westminster Music, Ltd. 808 C. Songwriters and Producers 811 Maxwood Music Ltd. v. Malakian 812 Contents xvii

PART VIII MUSIC TOURS 823

CHAPTER 20 MUSIC TOURS 825 A. Failure to Perform Tour Agreements 825 Kass v. Young 826 Smith v. Positive Productions 829 B. Violence and Tort Liability on Tour 839 Bowes v. Cincinnati Riverfront Coliseum, Inc. 840 Crown v. Kiedas 846

Table of Cases 851 Index 859