Finding Water and Other Resources

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Water and Other Volatiles Ben Ruby Lee Park Jesse Brinkenhoff Lunar H₂0 History From the 20th century into the 21st Where can it be Focus: India / ISRO / Chandrayaan-1 found? And How? In the EXOSPHERE CHACE (CHandra's Altitudinal Composition Explorer) on MIP (Moon Impact Probe) On the SURFACE 3 M (an imaging spectrometer) SUB-SURFACE Synthetic Aperture radars Who has taken ★ NASA with Lunar Crater charge? Observation and Sensing Satellite (LCROSS) & Volatiles Investigating Polar Exploration Rover (VIPER) ★ India with Chandrayaan-2 ★ China with Chang’e missions Potential H₂0 Uses ★ Domestic Uses for Lunar Base ★ Rocket fuel ★ Potential source for drinking water ★ Provide breathable air Sustainability ★ According to Jim Green, NASA’s chief scientist, current estimates suggest somewhere between one hundred million to two hundred million tons of water ice exist in the moon’s dark craters ★ No accurate measurements to the amount of lunar ice, just estimates ★ Further examinations are yet to be conducted on quality of lunar ice Safety ★ Unknown dust levels from asteroid & comet impacts ★ Also contains metals, Sulfur oxides, Ammonia, rock, glass, and other possible organic materials ★ Realistic and safe separation method is not yet developed Methods of ● Hydrogen reduction reactors - electrolysis Extraction Methods of ● Microwave - Beaming microwaves on lunar permafrost Extraction could vaporize 98 percent of water ice, and capture 99 percent of the extracted water in gas form ● Differences in atmospheric conditions could lead Possible Obstacles to excess volatile escape during sampling and collecting phase of lunar mission. Possible Obstacles ● Diﬃcult to determine the precise microwave frequency for Water extraction ● Helium 3 Other Volatiles - isotope could provide safer nuclear energy in a fusion reactor, since it is not radioactive and would not produce dangerous waste products. Conclusion ● Artemis 3 Mission 2024 - NASA has grander plans for future Artemis missions in the late 2020s—“a sustained lunar presence,” Presence of lunar water and other volatiles will have potentially profound political/societal implications in the near-future..

Copy Link

Recommended publications

The Cubesat Mission to Study Solar Particles (Cusp) Walt Downing IEEE Life Senior Member Aerospace and Electronic Systems Society President (2020-2021)
The CubeSat Mission to Study Solar Particles (CuSP) Walt Downing IEEE Life Senior Member Aerospace and Electronic Systems Society President (2020-2021) Acknowledgements – National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) and CuSP Principal Investigator, Dr. Mihir Desai, Southwest Research Institute (SwRI) Feature Articles in SYSTEMS Magazine Three-part special series on Artemis I CubeSats - April 2019 (CuSP, IceCube, ArgoMoon, EQUULEUS/OMOTENASHI, & DSN) ▸ - September 2019 (CisLunar Explorers, OMOTENASHI & Iris Transponder) - March 2020 (BioSentinnel, Near-Earth Asteroid Scout, EQUULEUS, Lunar Flashlight, Lunar Polar Hydrogen Mapper, & Δ-Differential One-Way Range) Available in the AESS Resource Center https://resourcecenter.aess.ieee.org/ ▸Free for AESS members ▸ What are CubeSats? A class of small research spacecraft Built to standard dimensions (Units or “U”) ▸ - 1U = 10 cm x 10 cm x 11 cm (Roughly “cube-shaped”) ▸ - Modular: 1U, 2U, 3U, 6U or 12U in size - Weigh less than 1.33 kg per U NASA's CubeSats are dispensed from a deployer such as a Poly-Picosatellite Orbital Deployer (P-POD) ▸NASA’s CubeSat Launch initiative (CSLI) provides opportunities for small satellite payloads to fly on rockets ▸planned for upcoming launches. These CubeSats are flown as secondary payloads on previously planned missions. https://www.nasa.gov/directorates/heo/home/CubeSats_initiative What is CuSP? NASA Science Mission Directorate sponsored Heliospheric Science Mission selected in June 2015 to be launched on Artemis I. ▸ https://www.nasa.gov/feature/goddard/2016/heliophys ics-cubesat-to-launch-on-nasa-s-sls Support space weather research by determining proton radiation levels during solar energetic particle events and identifying suprathermal properties that could help ▸ predict geomagnetic storms.
[Show full text]
Launch Availability Analysis for the Artemis Program
Launch Availability Analysis for the Artemis Program Grant Cates and Doug Coley Kandyce Goodliff and William Cirillo The Aerospace Corporation NASA Langley Research Center 4851 Stonecroft Boulevard 1 North Dryden Blvd., MS462 Chantilly, VA 20151 Hampton, VA 23681 571-304-3915 / 571-304-3057 757-864-1938 [email protected] [email protected] [email protected] [email protected] Chel Stromgren Binera, Inc. 77 S. Washington St., Suite 206 Rockville, MD 20910 301-686-8571 [email protected] Abstract—On March 26, 2019, Vice President Pence stated that will be on achieving all of the launches in a timely fashion. the policy of the Trump administration and the United States of NASA and the commercial partners need quantitative America is to return American astronauts to the Moon within estimates for launch delay risks as they develop the lunar the next five years i.e., by 2024. Since that time, NASA has begun lander design and refine the concept of operations. Of the process of developing concepts of operations and launch particular importance will be understanding how long each campaign options to achieve that goal as well as to provide a sustainable human presence on the Moon. Whereas the Apollo lunar lander element will be in space and how long the program utilized one Saturn V rocket to carry out a single lunar integrated lander will have to wait in lunar orbit prior to the landing mission of short duration, NASA’s preliminary plans arrival of Orion and the crew. for the Artemis Program call for a combination of medium lift class rockets along with the heavy lift Space Launch System 2.
[Show full text]
Analysis and Testing of an X-Band Deep-Space Radio System for Nanosatellites
POLITECNICO DI TORINO Faculty of Engineering Master Degree in Communications and Computer Networks Engineering Master Thesis Analysis and Testing of an X-Band Deep-Space Radio System for Nanosatellites Mentor Candidate Prof. Roberto Garello Pasquale Tricarico October 2019 To my family and to those who have been there for me Alla mia famiglia e a chi mi è stato vicino Abstract This thesis provides a description of analysis, performance and tests of an X-Band radio system for nanosatellites. The thesis work has been carried out in collaboration with the Italian aerospace company Argotec in Turin supported by Politecnico di Torino. The scope of the thesis is the ArgoMoon mission which will start on June 2020. ArgoMoon is a nanosatellite developed by Argotec in coordination with the Italian Space Agency (ASI). After an introduction to the mission, follows a description of the entire communication system including NASA Deep Space Network (DSN), spacecraft telecommunication subsystem and a set of involved Consultative Committee for Space Data System (CCSDS) Standards. The main guideline has been the Telecommunication Link Design Handbook written by NASA JPL, which gives essential information for the subsequent communication link analysis, supported by CCSDS Standards and further publications. A set of communication link performance analysis methods and results are provided for two relevant communication scenarios. Concurrently, compatibility tests have been carried out to assess ArgoMoon satellite to DSN interface performance and compatibility. The documents ends with the description of a system which will acts as Ground Support Equipment during the satellite validation tests. Acknowledgements I would like to thank prof.
[Show full text]
Argomoon Flies to Nasa
ARGOMOON FLIES TO NASA Turin/Rome, 26th of May 2021, ArgoMoon is ready to take off to the Moon. The microsatellite designed and developed by Argotec, financed and managed by the Italian Space Agency (ASI), is about to be shipped to the United States to NASA's integration site in preparation for launch activities scheduled for the end of the year. ArgoMoon will be part of the precious cargo of Artemis 1, the first mission of the new American rocket - Space Launch System (SLS) - for NASA's extensive Artemis programme that will mark the return of man, and first-ever woman, to the Moon. On the inaugural flight of NASA’s SLS rocket, thirteen microsatellites will be on board, as well as the Orion capsule, which will be the heir to the Apollo astronaut modules. Ten of these microsatellites will be American, two Japanese and ArgoMoon, the only European satellite. The Italian microsatellite will be released while the rocket is approaching the Moon and will take important photos of the Space Launch System to support NASA in ensuring the success of their mission. More of ArgoMoon’s and Italy's objectives are to develop and demonstrate new technologies useful for nanosatellites, an orbital and space flight control system, and the resistance of components and units to the radiation typical of the space environment. This Made in Italy mission will be performed by a technological masterpiece measuring just 30x20x10 cm. This small device has the same features as a larger satellite with technologically advanced miniaturised subsystems able to withstand the harsh conditions of deep space.
[Show full text]
JAXA's Lunar Exploration Activities
June 17th 2019, 62nd Session of COPUOS, Vienna JAXA’s Lunar Exploration Activities Hiroshi Sasaki Director, JAXA Space Exploration Center (JSEC) Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency 1 JAXA’s Space Exploration Scenario Mars, others Activities on/beyond Mars ©JAXA MMX JFY2024 Kaguya ©JAXA ©JAXA ©JAXA ©JAXA Moon SLIM Lunar Polar Exploration Robotic Sample Return Pinpoint Landing Water Prospecting Sustainable JFY2021 （HERACLES) prox.2023- Technology Demo Exploration/Utilization Approx.2026- HTV-X derivatives Gateway Approx. 2026- Operation OMOTENASHI EQUULEUS CubeSat Innovative launched by small mission Gateway (construction phase) SLS/EM1 2022- Earth Promote Commercialization International Space Station 2 ©NASA International Space Exploration Coordination Group (ISECG): • ISECG is a non-political agency coordination forum of space organization from 18 countries and regions. • JAXA is currently the chair of ISECG. • ISECG agencies work collectively in a non-binding, consensus-driven manner towards advancing the Global Exploration Strategy. The Global Exploration Roadmap (GER3) recognizes the importance of increasing synergies with robotic missions while demonstrating the role humans play in realizing societal benefits. GER3, released in January 2018 3 Significance of Lunar Exploration Expand Human Activities Gain Knowledge International Cooperation ©NASA Promote Industry Inspire Young Generation 4 JAXA’s Lunar Exploration Roadmap (Long-Team) Lunar Base (International Space Agency, Private Sector) 2060- Sustainable Exploration (Private Utilization)
[Show full text]
Buzz Aldrin at 90
the magazine of the National Space Society DEDICATED TO THE CREATION OF A SPACEFARING CIVILIZATION ARE SPACE BUZZ SETTLEMENTS EASIER THAN WE THINK? ALDRIN AT 90 A SPACEWALKING AN EXCLUSIVE FIRST INTERVIEW AN ALL-FEMALE CREW 2020-1 || space.nss.org AVAILABLE WHERE BOOKS ARE SOLD SPACE 2.0 FOREWORD BY BUZZ ALDRIN “...an engaging and expertly-informed explanation of how we got this far, along with a factual yet inspiring intro to our around-the-corner new adventures in space. Strap yourself in tight. It’s a fascinating ride! Have spacesuit, will travel.” —GEOFFREY NOTKIN, member of the board of governors for the National Space Society and Emmy Award-winning host of Meteorite Men and STEM Journals “...a great read for those who already excited about our new future in space and a must read for those who do not yet get it. Buy one for yourself and two for loaning to your friends.” —GREG AUTRY, director of the University of Southern California’s Commercial Spaceflight Initiative and former NASA White House Liaison “Optimistic, but not over-the-top so. Comprehensive, from accurate history to clearly outlined future prospects. Sensitive to the emerging realities of the global space enterprise. Well-written and nicely illustrated. In Space 2.0, Rod Pyle has given us an extremely useful overview of what he calls ‘a new space age’.” —JOHN LOGSDON, professor emeritus at Space Policy Institute, George Washington University IN SPACE 2.0, SPACE HISTORIAN ROD PYLE, in collaboration with the National Space Society, will give you an inside look at the next few decades of spaceflight and long-term plans for exploration, utilization, and settlement.
[Show full text]
Associazione Arte E Scienza
Anno VI, N. 12 dicembre 2019 SCIENZA Rivista semestrale di nuova cultura Six-monthly magazine of new culture ISSN 2385-1961 ArteScienza ® Anno VI, N. 12, dicembre 2019 Rivista semestrale telematica www.assculturale-arte-scienza.it ® Registrazione n.194/2014 del 23 luglio 2014 Tribunale di Roma ISSN 2385 - 1961 Proprietà dell'Associazione Culturale "Arte e Scienza" Direttore responsabile: Luca Nicotra Direttori onorari: Giordano Bruno, Pietro Nastasi Segretaria di redazione: Giulia Romiti Sede del periodico: Roma, via Michele Lessona, 5 Carattere della rivista La Rivista pubblica preferibilmente articoli e saggi sull'unità della cultura o che metta- no in evidenza collegamenti e contaminazioni fra le discipline letterario-umanistico- artistiche e quelle scientifiche. Sono accettati anche articoli e saggi di solo contenuto sto- rico, letterario, filosofico, artistico e scientifico, purché presentati in forma divulgativa, comprensibile anche da parte di lettori con formazione culturale non specialistica. Comitato di Redazione: Gian Italo Bischi Isabella De Paz Maurizio Lopa Piero Trupia ____________________________________ Tutti i diritti riservati © Copyright 2019- Associazione Culturale "Arte e Scienza"- Roma Copertina: Giulia Romiti (ISIA), Tommaso Salvatori (ISIA) A norma delle leggi sul diritto d’autore e del Codice Civile è vietata la riproduzione de- gli articoli di questa rivista o parte di essi con qualsiasi mezzo: elettronico, meccanico, fotocopie, microfilm, registrazioni o altro. L'inserimento di singoli brani degli articoli
[Show full text]
Espinsights the Global Space Activity Monitor
ESPInsights The Global Space Activity Monitor Issue 3 July–September 2019 CONTENTS FOCUS ..................................................................................................................... 1 A new European Commission DG for Defence Industry and Space .............................................. 1 SPACE POLICY AND PROGRAMMES .................................................................................... 2 EUROPE ................................................................................................................. 2 EEAS announces 3SOS initiative building on COPUOS sustainability guidelines ............................ 2 Europe is a step closer to Mars’ surface ......................................................................... 2 ESA lunar exploration project PROSPECT finds new contributor ............................................. 2 ESA announces new EO mission and Third Party Missions under evaluation ................................ 2 ESA advances space science and exploration projects ........................................................ 3 ESA performs collision-avoidance manoeuvre for the first time ............................................. 3 Galileo's milestones amidst continued development .......................................................... 3 France strengthens its posture on space defence strategy ................................................... 3 Germany reveals promising results of EDEN ISS project ....................................................... 4 ASI strengthens
[Show full text]
Přehled O Sportovních Koních 2007
Česká jezdecká federace ÚEK Slatiňany P Ř E H L E D O SPORTOVNÍCH KONÍCH ČR 2007 CS Obsah 1. ÚVOD .......................................................................................................................................................................................3 2. Metodika ..................................................................................................................................................................................4 2.1. Hodnocení koní .............................................................................................................................................................4 2.2. Hodnocení plemenných hřebců ..................................................................................................................................5 3. Statistika ..................................................................................................................................................................................6 4. Abecední seznam koní startujících v roce 2007 ....................................................................................................................7 4.1. Abecední seznam koní startujících v roce 2007 (min. 3 starty) ...............................................................................8 4.2. Abecední seznam koní startujících ve spřežení v roce 2007 .................................................................................154 5. Žebříčky nejlepších koní startujících v roce 2007 ............................................................................................................161
[Show full text]
ISTS-2017-D-072ⅠISSFD-2017-072
EQUULEUS Mission Analysis: Design of the Science Orbit Phase By Kenshiro OGURI,1) Kota KAKIHARA,1) Stefano CAMPAGNOLA,2) Naoya OZAKI,1) Kenta OSHIMA,3) Tomohiro YAMAGUCHI,4) and Ryu FUNASE1) 1)Department of Aeronautics and Astronautics, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan 2)Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, CA, USA 3)Department of Applied Mechanics and Aerospace Engineering, Waseda University, Tokyo, Japan 4)Institute of Space and Astronautical Science, JAXA, Sagamihara, Japan Libration point orbits, in particular those in the Earth-Moon system, have been attracting attention for science and future human space exploration. EQUULEUS is a CubeSat planned to be launched by the NASA’s SLS EM-1 vehicle and aims to reach and stay around the Earth-Moon L2 point with a purpose of scientific observation. As EQUULEUS is a piggyback spacecraft with various potential launch trajectories given by the primary payload (Orion spaceship), we need to prepare a variety of science orbits with many orbit insertion epochs beforehand, which is a unique problems to piggybacked spacecraft. We have developed a systematic way to generate a large set of quasi halo orbits with estimated stationkeeping cost in a multi-body dynamics model. This paper introduces the systematic approach and shows current results of the science orbit design for EQUULEUS. Key Words: EQUULEUS, Trajectory design, Multi-body dynamics, Halo orbit, Lagrange point, Optimization 1. Introduction in the EML region have been mostly investigated along with mission analysis of the first EML libration point mission: Libration point orbits, in particular those in the Earth-Moon ARTEMIS.3, 4) Different from the case of our mission analy- system, have been attracting attention for science and future hu- sis, the ARTEMIS mission did not need various libration point man space exploration.
[Show full text]
A BILL to Authorize Programs of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration, and for Other Purposes
MCC19C75 S.L.C. 116TH CONGRESS 1ST SESSION S. ll To authorize programs of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration, and for other purposes. IN THE SENATE OF THE UNITED STATES llllllllll Mr. CRUZ (for himself, Ms. SINEMA, Mr. WICKER, and Ms. CANTWELL) intro- duced the following bill; which was read twice and referred to the Com- mittee on llllllllll A BILL To authorize programs of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration, and for other purposes. 1 Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representa- 2 tives of the United States of America in Congress assembled, 3 SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE; TABLE OF CONTENTS. 4 (a) SHORT TITLE.—This Act may be cited as the 5 ‘‘National Aeronautics and Space Administration Author- 6 ization Act of 2019’’. 7 (b) TABLE OF CONTENTS.—The table of contents of 8 this Act is as follows: Sec. 1. Short title; table of contents. Sec. 2. Definitions. TITLE I—AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS LVX YP 45D MCC19C75 S.L.C. 2 Sec. 101. Authorization of appropriations. TITLE II—HUMAN SPACEFLIGHT AND EXPLORATION Sec. 201. Advanced cislunar and lunar surface capabilities. Sec. 202. Space launch system configurations. Sec. 203. Advanced spacesuits. Sec. 204. Life science and physical science research. Sec. 205. Acquisition of domestic space transportation and logistics resupply services. Sec. 206. Rocket engine test infrastructure. Sec. 207. Indian River Bridge. Sec. 208. Value of International Space Station and capabilities in low-Earth orbit. Sec. 209. Extension and modification relating to International Space Station. Sec. 210. Department of Defense activities on International Space Station.
[Show full text]
Program and Abstract Titles Lunar Surface Science: Structuring Real-Time Science Support of Artemis Crewed Operations February 2
Program and Abstract Titles Lunar Surface Science: Structuring Real-Time Science Support of Artemis Crewed Operations February 24–25, 2021 Virtual Times listed are Eastern Standard Time (EST). Time Zone Converter 8:00 a.m. PST 9:00 a.m. MST 10:00 a.m. CST 11:00 a.m. EST 5:00 p.m. CEST 1:00 a.m. (the following day) JST Wednesday, February 24, 2021 11:00 a.m. EST HQ Perspectives and Apollo Keynote Session 12:35 p.m. EST Historical and Current Perspectives 2:25 p.m. EST Guiding Principles and Exploration Strategies 3:50 p.m. EST Breakout Discussions #1 Thursday, February 25, 2021 11:00 a.m. EST Analogs Session #1 12:25 p.m. EST Analogs Session #2 1:40 p.m. EST Support Tools 3:35 p.m. EST Breakout Discussions #2 Wednesday, February 24, 2021 HQ PERSPECTIVES AND APOLLO KEYNOTE SESSION 11:00 a.m. EST Chairs: Kelsey Young and Jose Hurtado BACK TO TOP Times (EST) Authors (*Denotes Abstract Title and Summary Presenter) 11:00 a.m. Jose Hurtado, Kelsey Welcome and Workshop Objectives Young * 11:10 a.m. Schmitt H. H. * Lessons Learned for Artemis from Science Back Room Support of the Eppler D. B. Petro N. E. Apollo Missions [#3025] Head J. W. Successful implementation of the Apollo Science Support Room for Apollo 11-17 offers precedents and lessons for similar support of Artemis mission science. 11:30 a.m. Sarah Noble, Jacob HQ Status and Outstanding Questions Bleacher * 11:40 a.m. Renee Weber * Artemis 3 SDT Report Out 11:50 a.m.
[Show full text]