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Kinetic Energy Distributions of the Desorbed N E U Tr a Ls

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Kinetic Energy Distributions of the Desorbed N E U Tr a Ls INFORMATION TO USERS This manuscript has been reproduced from the microfilm master. UMI films the text directly from the original or copy submitted. Thus, some thesis and dissertation copies are in typewriter face, while others may be from any type of computer printer. The quality of this reproduction is dependent upon the quality of the copy submitted. Broken or indistinct print, colored or poor quality illustrations and photographs, print bleedthrough, substandard margins, and improper alignment can adversely afreet reproduction. In the unlikely event that the author did not send UMI a complete manuscript and there are missing pages, these will be noted. Also, if unauthorized copyright material had to be removed, a note will indicate the deletion. Oversize materials (e.g., maps, drawings, charts) are reproduced by sectioning the original, beginning at the upper left-hand corner and continuing from left to right in equal sections with small overlaps. Each original is also photographed in one exposure and is included in reduced form at the back of the book. Photographs included in the original manuscript have been reproduced xerographically in this copy. Higher quality 6" x 9" black and white photographic prints are available for any photographs or illustrations appearing in this copy for an additional charge. Contact UMI directly to order. University Microfilms International A Bell & Howell Information Company 300 North Zeeb Road. Ann Arbor. Ml 48106-1346 USA 313/761-4700 800/521-0600 Order Number 9130584 Electron-stimulated desorption from aluminum surfaces Whitten, James Edwaxd, Ph.D. The Ohio State University, 1991 UMI 300 N. Zeeb Rd. Ann Arbor, MI 48106 ELECTRON-STIMULATED DESORPTION FROM ALUMINUM SURFACES DISSERTATION Presented in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy in the Graduate School of The Ohio State University By Jam es E. Whitten, B.S. The Ohio State University 1991 Dissertation Committee: R.E. Gerkin A P.L. Jonas C.W. McCurdy -7 » /vlftC-'iU Co-adviser C.E. Young Department of Chemistry ACKNOWLEDGMENTS Due to the somewhat unusual situation of being both a student at Ohio State University and a laboratory graduate participant at Argonne National Laboratory, there are many people to whom I am deeply indebted. Many thanks go to Dieter Gruen, Mike Pellin, Wally Calaway, and Keith Lykke at Argonne for their continual encouragement and advice. Especially deserving of my gratitude is Charlie Young whose patience and guidance has helped me mature scientifically. I am also grateful to Patrick Jones, my adviser at Ohio State, who provided me with motivation and good advice during the last several years and who brought new insight to the experimental results. VITA January 4,1963 ...................................... Born - Birmingham, Alabama 1985 ..........................................................B.S. - Double Major in Chemistry and Mathematics - Magna Cum Laude Graduate from University of Alabama at Birmingham 1987-1991 .............................................. Department of Educational Programs Laboratory Graduate Participant, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois PUBLICATIONS J.E. Whitten, C.E. Young, M.J. Pellin, D.M. Gruen, and P.L. Jones, "Electron-stimulated desorption of neutrals from methanol-dosed Al(111)- velocity distributions and adsorbate decomposition determined by nonresonant laser ionization," Surf. Sci., vol. 241, pp. 73-90, 1991. M.J. Pellin, C.E. Young, W.F. Calaway, J.E. Whitten, D.M. Gruen, J.D. Blum, I.D. Hutcheon, and G.J. Wasserburg, "Secondary neutral mass spectrometry using three-color resonance ionization-Os detection at the p.p.b. level and Fe detection in Si at the < 200 p.p.t. level," Phil. Trans. R. Soc. Lond. A, vol. 333, pp. 133-146, 1990. C.E. Young, J.E. Whitten, M.J. Pellin, D.M. Gruen, and P.L. Jones, "Velocity distribution of laser photoionized neutrals ejected from methanol-dosed aluminum( 111) by electron-stimulated desorption," in: Desorption Induced by Electronic Transitions (DIET IV), G. Betz and P. Varga, Eds. Berlin: Springer-Veriag, 1990, pp. 187-192. iii C.E. Young, J.E. Whitten, M.J. Pellin, D.M. Gruen, R.L. Benbow, and P.L. Jones, "Electron-stimulated desorption of neutrals from 6063 aluminum- velocity distributions detected by 193 nm non-resonant laser ionization," Surf. Interface Anal., vol. 14, pp. 647-655, 1989. V. Vijay Sen Reddy, J.E. Whitten, K.A. Redmill, A. Varshney, and G.M. Gray, "Synthesis and characterization of transition metal complexes of (2- ' (2-methoxyethoxy)ethyl)diphenylphosphine and ( 2 -(2- methoxyethoxy)ethyi)-dimethylarsine," J. Organomet. Chem., vol. 372, pp. 207-216, 1989. G.M. Gray, J.E. Whitten, and J.W. Box, "Coordinated 2-halo-1,3,2- dioxaphosphorinane ligands. II. syntheses and 13C, 170 , 31P and 95Mo NMR and IR spectroscopic characterization of some Cr and Mo pentacarbonyl complexes of 2-substituted-4-methyl-1,3,2- dioxaphosphorinanes," Inorg. Chim. Acta, vol. 120, pp. 25-32, 1986. G.M. Gray, J.E. Whitten, and J.W. Box, "Coordinated 2-halo-1,3,2- dioxaphosphorinane ligands. I. syntheses and 13C, 170 , 31P a n d 95Mo NMR and IR spectroscopic characterization of some molybdenum pentacarbonyl complexes of 2-substituted-5,5-dimethyl-1,3,2- dioxaphosphorinanes,” Inorg. Chim. Acta, vol. 116, pp. 21-30, 1986. FIELDS OF STUDY Major Field: Chemistry Studies in Surface Chemistry with Professor Patrick L. Jones iv TABLE OF CONTENTS ACKNOWLEDGMENTS............................................................................... ii VITA ............................................................................................................... iii LIST OF T A B L E S ........................................................................................ ix LIST OF F IG U R E S ........................................................................................ x CHAPTER .....................................................................................................PAGE I. INTRODUCTION.......................................................................... 1 Introduction to the desorption p ro b lem ................................. 1 Major experimental observations to d a t e .............................. 3 The scope of this th e sis ............................................................ 6 R e fe ren c e s .................................................................................... 9 II. EXPERIMENTAL, PART I ..................................................................12 Overview of equipment and techniques used for the initial experiments ...................................................................... 12 v The UHV chamber and the ESD experimental setup . 14 Sample preparation .......................................................................22 Characteristics of the CHA as a TOF d e te c to r ........................ 26 R e fere n c e s ......................................................................................... 27 III. AI-6063 ESD EXPERIMENTAL RESULTS ...................................... 28 The surface conditions of the methanol-rinsed aluminum a llo y ....................................................................... 28 The ionic ESD channel from methanol-degreased 6063 Al allo y ............................................................................29 Neutral desorption from the degreased technical s a m p l e ..................................................................................... 32 Neutral and ionic yields from the aluminum alloy s a m p l e ..................................................................................... 38 R efe re n c e s .................................................................................40 IV. Al(111) CHA EXPERIMENTAL R E S U L T S ......................... 43 An overview of the experiments carried out on the Al(111) s u r f a c e ........................................................................43 The interaction of methanol and oxygen with Al(111) . 43 The ionic ESD channel from methanol-dosed Al(111) . 54 Neutral desorption from methanol-dosed Al(111) .... 56 The ion and neutral desorbate yields ...................................65 vi Surface temperature and electron beam effects ........................ 65 Conclusions from the CHA studies of methanol- dosed Al(11 1 ) ....................................................................................71 R efe re n c e s .........................................................................................72 V. EXPERIMENTAL, PART I I ............................................................. 74 Overview of the SARISA e x p e r im e n ts ...................................... 74 Description of the operation of the SARISA apparatus . 74 A demonstration of the sensitivity of the SARISA a p p a r a t u s .........................................................................................83 The design of the SARISA electron g u n ...................................... 84 R eferen ces ..........................................................................’ . 93 VI. SARISA ESD EXPERIMENTAL R E S U L T S ..................................94 Introduction to the SARISA experimental results .... 94 Neutral ESD in SARISA using 1100 eV electron beam e n e r g y ............................................................................................. 95 Detection of desorbed Al by resonant laser ionization . .102 Velocity/kinetic energy distributions of the desorbed n e u tr a ls ...........................................................................................105
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