DOCSLIB.ORG

Ecuador & Galápagos

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text

Load more

Footprint Ecuador & Galápagos n Extensive coverage of the most famous and lesser-known places, from colonial Quito to village markets selling traditional crafts n Expert authors Robert and Daisy Kunstaetter know the country inside out, Ecuador & Galápagos PANAMA having lived in Ecuador for over two decades CO LOMBI A GALAP AGOS n Inspirational Galápagos Islands ISLANDS ECUADOR colour section, with stunning images plus everything you need to know when PERU planning your trip n Authoritative advice and recommendations to ensure you find the best accommodation, restaurant or Galápagos cruise n Comprehensive information to immerse you in Ecuador’s lively culture and unique wildlife n Footprint have built on years of experience to become the experts on Latin America ‘Footprint is the best – engagingly written, comprehensive, honest and bang on the ball.’ Footprint Handbook THE SUNDAY TIMES Travel: South America UK £16.99 Ecuador & 8th edition USA $25.99 ISBN 978 1 910120 39 2 Galápagos footprinttravelguides.com ROBERT & DAISY KUNSTAETTER Planning your trip . 2 Northern Pacific lowlands . 252 Guayaquil to Puerto López. .255 Quito and around . 38 Manta and Bahía de Caráquez. .267 Quito. 41 Northern lowlands . .277 Around Quito . 85 The Oriente. 286 Northern highlands. 106 Northern Oriente. .289 Quito to Otavalo . .109 Central and southern Oriente . .306 Otavalo and around . .112 West of Otavalo . .124 Galápagos Islands . 322 Ibarra and around. .130 Landing sites . .324 Ibarra to Tulcán . .138 Calendar. .326 Tulcán and the Colombian border . .140 Wildlife. .330 A Galápagos cruise . .340 Central highlands . 144 Populated islands . .343 Cotopaxi, Latacunga and Quilotoa. .147 Unpopulated islands . .350 Baños and Riobamba. .169 Galápagos cruises and tours . .355 Listings. .361 Southern highlands. 192 Background . 373 Cuenca and around . .195 Cuenca to the Peruvian border . .214 Background . 378 Guayquil and south to Peru . 228 Practicalities. 414 Guayaquil . .231 Footnotes . 440 South to Peru . .246 Additional correspondents: Jeaneth Barrionuevo, Jean Brown, Michael Resch, Peter Schramm and Popkje van der Ploeg Footprint Handbook Ecuador & Galápagos ROBERT & DAISY KUNSTAETTER Ecuador & Galápagos Ecuador is compact by South American standards, compact enough for you to have breakfast as you watch dawn break over the Amazon jungle canopy, lunch at the foot of a smoking snow-capped volcano and dinner amid the last rays of sunset over the Pacific ocean. Within this small area, it boasts extraordinary diversity: geographical diversity ranging from an avenue of volcanoes straddling the Equator, to rainforest, beaches and tropical islands; biological diversity, amongst the highest in the world, protected by 50 national parks and reserves; and cultural diversity, with 17 ethnically distinct indigenous groups. With so much variety, Ecuador has something for everyone. Birdwatching, trekking, mountaineering, mountain biking, whitewater rafting, paragliding and surfing are among the country's many privileged outdoor activities. Yet the draw is not only about hiking boots and adrenaline. Archaeology, art and local culture are also abundant and varied. The capital, Quito, and the southern highland city of Cuenca, have two of the finest colonial districts in South America, an excellent selection of museums and a lively tourist scene. The smaller towns and villages of Ecuador offer the most authentic experience as well as the opportunity to share their traditions at fiestas and through community tourism. Indulge your senses at one of their many markets, with dizzying arrays of textiles, ceramics, carvings and other crafts, not to mention the plethora of domestic animals and cornucopia of fresh produce. They are all there for the local people but tourists are very welcome. The Galápagos Islands, cradle and showcase of Darwin's theory of evolution, are the rich icing on the Ecuadorean cake. Fragile and expensive, the Galápagos are not for everyone, but if you are passionate about nature, they offer a once-in-a-lifetime experience worth saving for. Ecuador is your oyster and it is also our home. We are proud of its many wonders and concerned about their future. We warmly welcome you to share the sense of wonder that Ecuador can inspire and we ask you to please tread lightly here, so that the traveller's dream may continue. Robert and Daisy Kunstaetter San Lorenzo La Tola Esmeraldas C O L O M B I A Ipiales P a c i f i c Tulcán O c e a n Muisne ESMERALDAS CARCHI Mompiche IMBABURA Quinindé Ibarra R Cojimíes ío 2 Pu Otavalo tu m a Pedernales Equator Lago Agrio SUCUMBIOS yo Reserva Mindo 1 Reventador Santo Río Coca Faunística 11 Cuyabeno El Carmen QUITO NAPO Cascada San Rafael Ag Río uar SANTO DOMINGO ico Canoa MANABI DE LOS TSACHILAS Coca Parque Bahía de Nacional ORELLANA Parque Río Napo Caráquez 3 Cotopaxi COTOPAXI Tena Nacional 10 Yasuní Nuevo Manta Latacunga Quevedo 4 Rocafuerte Portoviejo Isla de Misahuallí la Plata TUNGURAHU A Ambato 9 Jipijapa BOLIVAR LOS RIOS Chimborazo Baños 5 Puyo Puerto Parque López Nacional Guaranda Tungurahua Machalilla Riobamba PASTAZA Babahoyo 8 Montañita GUAYAS CHIMBORAZO SANTA Guayaquil Río Río Pastaza Salinas ELENA Alausí Upano El Triunfo Ingapirca Macas La Troncal CAÑAR Cañar MORONA Playas Puerto Inca SANTIAGO Parque Azogues Nacional Cajas Cuenca P E R U AZUAY Machala 6 Gualaquiza Tumbes Huaquillas EL ORO Zaruma Charles Darwin Galápagos Islands Teodoro Wolf LOJA Loja Zamora Parque Vilcabamba Nacional 12 Pinta Macará Podocarpus Quito Marchena 7 ZAMORA Genovesa CHINCHIPE Santiago N Zumba Baltra San Fernandina Pinzón Cristóbal Isabela Santa Cruz Santa Fe 50 km Floreana Española 50 miles Colonial Quito San Lorenzo and around La Tola Esmeraldas C O L O M B I A Ipiales Otavalo P a c i f i c Tulcán O c e a n Muisne ESMERALDAS CARCHI Mompiche IMBABURA Quinindé Ibarra R Parque Nacional Cojimíes ío 2 Pu Otavalo tu m Cotopaxi a Pedernales Equator Lago Agrio SUCUMBIOS yo Reserva Mindo 1 Reventador Santo Río Coca Faunística 11 Cuyabeno El Carmen QUITO NAPO Cascada San Rafael Ag Río uar Quilotoa Circuit SANTO DOMINGO ico Canoa MANABI DE LOS TSACHILAS Coca Parque Bahía de Nacional ORELLANA Parque Río Napo Caráquez 3 Cotopaxi COTOPAXI Tena Nacional 10 Yasuní Nuevo Manta Latacunga Baños Quevedo 4 Rocafuerte Portoviejo Isla de Misahuallí la Plata TUNGURAHU A Ambato 9 Jipijapa BOLIVAR LOS RIOS Chimborazo Baños 5 Puyo Puerto Parque Cuenca 6 López Nacional Guaranda Tungurahua Machalilla Riobamba PASTAZA Babahoyo 8 Montañita GUAYAS CHIMBORAZO Vilcabamba SANTA Guayaquil Río Río Pastaza Salinas ELENA Alausí Upano El Triunfo Ingapirca Macas La Troncal Cañar CAÑAR Puerto Inca MORONA Playas SANTIAGO Montañita Parque Azogues Nacional Cajas Cuenca P E R U AZUAY 6 Machala Puerto López Gualaquiza Tumbes Huaquillas EL ORO Zaruma Charles Darwin Galápagos Islands Teodoro Wolf Tena LOJA Loja Zamora Parque Vilcabamba Nacional 12 Pinta Macará Podocarpus Quito Reserva Faunística Marchena 7 ZAMORA Genovesa CHINCHIPE Cuyabeno Santiago N Zumba Baltra San Fernandina Pinzón Cristóbal Isabela Santa Cruz Santa Fe Galápagos Islands 50 km Floreana Española 50 miles • 9 Sea lion, Galápagos Islands When to go When to go …and when not to Climate Ecuador is a year-round destination and the climate is unpredictable. As a general rule, however, in the Sierra, there is little variation by day or by season in the temperature, this depends on altitude. The range of shade temperature is from 6°C to 10°C in the morning, to 19°C to 23°C in the afternoon, though it can get considerably hotter in the lower basins. The day length (sunrise to sunset) is almost constant throughout the year. Rainfall patterns depend on whether a particular area is closer to the eastern or western slopes of the Andes. To the west, June to September are dry and October to May are wet (but there is a short dry spell in December or January). To the east, October to February are dry and March to September are wet. There is also variation in annual rainfall from north to south, with the southern highlands being drier. Along the Pacific coast, rainfall also decreases from north to south, so that it can rain throughout the year in northern Esmeraldas and seldom at all near the Peruvian border. The coast, however, can also be enjoyed year-round, although it may be a bit cool from June to November, when mornings are often grey with the garúa mists. January to May is the hottest and rainiest time of the year. Like the coast the Galápagos may receive garúa from May to December; from January to April the islands are hottest and brief but heavy showers can fall. In the Oriente, heavy rain can fall at any time, but it is usually wettest from March to September. Ecuador’s high season is from June to early September, which is also the best time for climbing and trekking. There is also a shorter tourist season in December and January. At major fiestas (see below), especially Carnival, Semana Santa (Easter), Finados (2 November) and over New Year, accommodation can be hard to find. Hotels will be full in individual towns during their particular festivals and resorts may be busy at weekends year-round. Planning your trip When to go ● 17 Quito & around spectacular setting and handsome architecture Few cities have a setting to match that of Quito, the second highest capital in Latin America. It sits in a narrow valley at the foot of the volcano Pichincha. From El Panecillo hill there are fine views of the city and the encircling volcano cones. Quito is a city of many faces. The first UNESCO World Heritage Site city in the world, Quito’s charm lies in its colonial centre, the Centro Histórico. Here, pastel-coloured houses and ornate churches line a warren of steep and narrow streets. Modern Quito is an altogether different place, with busy avenues lined with office towers, shopping malls, restaurants and bars, and a huge variety of hotels.
Recommended publications
  • Guide to the Betty J. Meggers and Clifford Evans Papers

    Guide to the Betty J. Meggers and Clifford Evans Papers

    Guide to the Betty J. Meggers and Clifford Evans papers Tyler Stump and Adam Fielding Funding for the processing of this collection was provided by the Smithsonian Institution's Collections Care and Preservation Fund. December 2015 National Anthropological Archives Museum Support Center 4210 Silver Hill Road Suitland, Maryland 20746 [email protected] http://www.anthropology.si.edu/naa/ Table of Contents Collection Overview ........................................................................................................ 1 Administrative Information .............................................................................................. 1 Biographical / Historical.................................................................................................... 2 Scope and Contents........................................................................................................ 5 Arrangement..................................................................................................................... 5 Bibliography...................................................................................................................... 6 Names and Subjects ...................................................................................................... 6 Container Listing ............................................................................................................. 8 Series 1: Personal, 1893-2012................................................................................. 8 Series 2: Writings, 1944-2011...............................................................................
  • Tourism in Continental Ecuador and the Galapagos Islands: an Integrated Coastal Zone Management (ICZM) Perspective

    Tourism in Continental Ecuador and the Galapagos Islands: an Integrated Coastal Zone Management (ICZM) Perspective

    water Article Tourism in Continental Ecuador and the Galapagos Islands: An Integrated Coastal Zone Management (ICZM) Perspective Carlos Mestanza-Ramón 1,2,3,* , J. Adolfo Chica-Ruiz 1 , Giorgio Anfuso 1 , Alexis Mooser 1,4, Camilo M. Botero 5,6 and Enzo Pranzini 7 1 Facultad de Ciencias del Mar y Ambientales, Universidad de Cádiz, Polígono Río San Pedro s/n, 11510 Puerto Real, Cádiz, Spain; [email protected] (J.A.C.-R.); [email protected] (G.A.); [email protected] (A.M.) 2 Escuela Superior Politécnica de Chimborazo, Sede Orellana, YASUNI-SDC Research Group, El Coca EC220001, Ecuador 3 Instituto Tecnologico Supeior Oriente, La Joya de los Sachas 220101, Orellana, Ecuador 4 Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie, Università di Napoli Parthenope, 80143 Naples, Italy 5 Grupo Joaquín Aarón Manjarrés, Escuela de Derecho, Universidad Sergio Arboleda, Santa Marta 470001, Colombia; [email protected] 6 Grupo de Investigación en Sistemas Costeros, PlayasCorp, Santa Marta 470001, Colombia 7 Dipartimento di Scienze della Terra, Università di Firenze, 50121 Firenze, Italy; enzo.pranzini@unifi.it * Correspondence: [email protected] or [email protected]; Tel.: +593-9-9883-0801 Received: 28 April 2020; Accepted: 6 June 2020; Published: 9 June 2020 Abstract: Tourism in coastal areas is becoming increasingly important in Integrated Coastal Zone Management (ICZM) as an integrated approach that balances the requirements of different tourist sectors. This paper analyzes ICZM in continental Ecuador and the Galapagos Islands from the perspective of the 3S tourism, and presents its strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats (SWOT). The methodology used was based on a literature review of ten aspects of the highest relevance to ICZM, i.e., Policies, Regulations, Responsibilities, Institutions, Strategies and Instruments, Training, Economic Resources, Information, Education for Sustainability, and Citizen Participation.
  • Registro Oficial Distritos Y Circuitos

    Registro Oficial Distritos Y Circuitos

    Año III - Nº 290 Quito, lunes 28 de mayo del 2012 SECRETARIA NACIONAL DE PLANIFICACIÓN Y DESARROLLO SUMARIO Págs. FUNCIÓN EJECUTIVA Acuerda: 557-2012 Confórmanse 140 distritos administrativos de planificación, así como 1134 circuitos administra tivos de planificación, a nivel nacional, para la gestión de las entidades y organismos que confor man la Función Ejecutiva, de acuerdo al nivel de desconcentración establecido en su respectiva matriz de competencias, modelo de gestión y estatuto orgánico .......................................................... 2 569-2012 Expídese el Reglamento de desconcentración administrativa, financiera y jurídica ............................. 37 570-2012 Expídese la norma técnica de cumplimiento obligatorio previo a la creación de empresas públicas de la Función Ejecutiva ................................. 42 576-2012 Desígnase a las ciudadanas y ciudadanos para que en nombre y representación de esta Secretaría, actúen como delegado/a principal y delegado/a alterno/a, respectivamente, ante los consejos sectoriales .................................................................... 46 577-2012 Desígnase a las ciudadanas y ciudadanos para que en nombre y representación de la Secretaría, actúen como delegado/a principal y delegado/a alterno/a, respectivamente, ante los directorios de las empresas públicas................................................... 47 Documento con posibles errores, digitalizado de la publicación original. Favor verificar con imagen. No imprima este documento a menos que sea absolutamente
  • Radiocarbon, Vol

    Radiocarbon, Vol

    [RADIOCARBON, VOL. 6, 1964, P. 1.24] Radiocarbon 1964 UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN RADIOCARBON DATES IX H. R. CRANE and JAMES B. GRIFFIN The University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan The following is a list of dates obtained since the time of the compilation of List VIII in December 1962. The method is essentially the same as that used for the work described in the previous list. Two C02-CS2 Geiger counter sys- tems are used. The equipment and counting techniques have been described elsewhere (Crane, 1961a, 1961b). The dates and the estimates of error in this list follow the practice recommended by the International Radiocarbon Dating Conference of 1962, in that (a) dates are computed on the basis of the Libby half life, 5570 years, (b) A.D. 1950 is used as the zero of the age scale and (c) the errors quoted are the standard deviations obtained from the numbers of counts only. In previous Michigan date lists up to and including VII we have quoted errors at least twice as great as the statistical errors of counting, in order to take account of other errors in the over-all process. If the reader wishes to obtain a standard deviation figure which will allow ample room for the many other sources of error in the dating process, we suggest he double the figures that are given in this list. Where there is no comment, it is because the submitter of the sample had none to make. We wish to acknowledge the help of Patricia Dahlstrom in preparing chemical samples and Roscoe Wilmeth in preparing the descriptions.
  • Tourism, the Economy, Population Growth, and Conservation in Galapagos

    Tourism, the Economy, Population Growth, and Conservation in Galapagos

    Tourism, the Economy, Population Growth, and Conservation in Galapagos Bruce Epler CHARLES DARWIN FOUNDATION Puerto Ayora, Santa Cruz Island, Galapagos Islands, Ecuador Revised and Updated in September 2007 Tourism, the Economy, Population Growth, and Conservation in Galapagos ACKNOWLEDGMENTS The author is particularly indebted to Susana Cardenas who, in addition to providing general guidance and logistical support, oversaw the distribution and collection of surveys and data entry. Johanna Castañeda assisted in distributing surveys to tourists waiting to depart the airport on Baltra and data entry. Liz Llerena assisted in data entry and interviews with hotel owners on Santa Cruz. Jairo Alvarado circulated surveys in the airport on San Cristóbal. Paulina Buenaño, Carmen Nicolade, and Delsy Jaramillo assisted with surveys and interviews with hotels on Santa Cruz, San Cristóbal, and Isabela. Graham Watkins, Executive Director of the Charles Darwin Foundation (CDF), oversaw the study, provided numerous and relevant data files and studies, and submitted comments that improved the study. Johannah Barry, President of the Galapagos Conservancy, contributed data and insight into tourists’ and industry donations. Roslyn Cameron shared her knowledge about tour vessels, tourists, and fundraising. Craig MacFarland added information on the early years of the CDF, the development of the tourism industry, and ongoing and evolving issues and concerns. Oscar Aguirre, of the Galapagos Chamber of Tourism (CAPTURGAL), generously supplied summaries of survey information collected over several years. Edwin Naula, Head of the Galapagos National Park Service’s Tourism Unit, and Daniel Silva provided useful data compiled by the Park Service. Eliecer Cruz, of the World Wildlife Fund, provided insight into immigration, industry trends, and changes occurring in populated areas.
  • Dirección General De Registro Civil

    Dirección General De Registro Civil

    DIRECCIÓN GENERAL DE REGISTRO CIVIL, IDENTIFICACIÓN Y CEDULACIÓN SERVICIOS QUE BRINDAN LOS CATÁLOGO DE PUNTOS DE ATENCIÓN PUNTOS DE ATENCIÓN SERVICIOS DE SERVICIOS DE ZONA PROVINCIA CANTÓN PARROQUIA DENOMINACIÓN DE LA AGENCIA TIPO DIRECCIÓN TELÉFONO EXTENSIÓN ESTADO INSCRIPCIÓN CEDULACIÓN ZONA 1 CARCHI ESPEJO EL ÁNGEL ESPEJO AGENCIA ESMERALDAS Y SALINAS, (GAD MUNICIPAL DE ESPEJO) 063731030 04403 OPERATIVO X X 063731030 04409 ZONA 1 CARCHI MONTUFAR SAN GABRIEL MONTUFAR AGENCIA PANAMERICANA y 27 de SEPTIEMBRE (Ex Terminal - Montufar Plaza y Centro de Movilidad) OPERATIVO X X ZONA 1 CARCHI TULCÁN GONZÁLEZ SUÁREZ ARCES - TULCAN - HOSP. LUIS GUSTAVO DÁVILA ARCES AV. SAN FRANCISCO Y ADOLFO BEKER 062999400 04023 OPERATIVO X ZONA 1 CARCHI TULCÁN GONZÁLEZ SUÁREZ TULCÁN AGENCIA BRASIL Y PANAMÁ, (VÍA AEROPUERTO) 063731030 04001 OPERATIVO X X ZONA 1 ESMERALDAS ELOY ALFARO BORBÓN ELOY ALFARO AGENCIA JUNTA PARROQUIAL, FRENTE AL PARQUE 063731040 08402 OPERATIVO X X NUEVE DE OCTUBRE Y MALECÓN ESQUINA 063731040 08306 OPERATIVO X X PROVISIONAL "ESCUELA 21 DE SEPTIEMBRE" :Av. 9 DE OCTUBRE ENTRE PEDRO VICENTE S/N S/N OPERATIVO MALDONADO Y BOLÍVAR PROVISIONAL X X ZONA 1 ESMERALDAS ESMERALDAS ESMERALDAS ESMERALDAS AGENCIA PROVISIONAL "GOBERNACIÓN": BOLÍVAR Y MANUELA CAÑIZARES, ESUINA; FRENTE A LA 06-2723158 S/N OPERATIVO MUTUALISTA 06-2723159 PROVISIONAL X X PROVISIONAL "HOSP. DELFINA TORRES DE CONCHA": SECTOR CENTRO,CALLES: LIBERTAD Y 06-2722777 S/N OPERATIVO MANABÍ PROVISIONAL X X ZONA 1 ESMERALDAS MUISNE MUISNE MUISNE AGENCIA LUIS VARGAS TORRES Y CALLEJÓN
  • Table of Contents

    Table of Contents

    Contents Publisher’s Note . xi Contributors . xiii Keyword List of Contents . xvii List of Maps and Tables . xxxiii Maps of the Ancient World . xxxvii 25,000 - 10,001 b.c.e. c. 25,000 b.c.e., San Peoples Create Earliest African Art . 1 c. 18,000-c. 11,000 b.c.e., Bering Strait Migrations . 3 c. 16,000-c. 3000 b.c.e., BaTwa Peoples Thrive in Central Africa. 6 c. 15,500 b.c.e., Early Australians Create the Bradshaw Rock Paintings . 9 c. 15,000 b.c.e., Early Europeans Create Lascaux Cave Paintings . 11 c. 13,000 b.c.e., Humans Enter the South American Continent . 13 c. 13,000-c. 7000 b.c.e., Paleo-Indian Culture Flourishes in North America. 15 10,000 - 5001 b.c.e. c. 10,000-c. 300 b.c.e., Jfmon Culture Thrives in Japan . 17 c. 10,000 b.c.e.-c. 1 c.e., Saharan Peoples Create Rock Art . 20 c. 9500-c. 9000 b.c.e., Clovis Culture Rises in New Mexico . 22 c. 9500-c. 5000 b.c.e., Settlement Established at Abu Hureyra in Syria . 24 c. 9000-c. 8000 b.c.e., Cochise Culture Thrives in American Southwest . 26 c. 9000-c. 7000 b.c.e., Nilo-Saharan Peoples Produce Food and Pottery. 28 c. 8800-c. 8500 b.c.e., Folsom People Flourish in New Mexico . 30 c. 8000 b.c.e., Permanent Settlement of the Andean Altiplano Begins . 32 c. 8000-c. 4000 b.c.e., Plano Culture Flourishes in Great Plains Area .
  • Challenges to Water Management in Ecuador: Legal Authorization, Quality Parameters, and Socio-Political Responses

    Challenges to Water Management in Ecuador: Legal Authorization, Quality Parameters, and Socio-Political Responses

    water Article Challenges to Water Management in Ecuador: Legal Authorization, Quality Parameters, and Socio-Political Responses Sarah Wingfield 1, Andrés Martínez-Moscoso 2, Diego Quiroga 3 and Valeria Ochoa-Herrera 3,4,* 1 School of Foreign Service, Georgetown University, 3700 O Street NW, Washington, DC 20057, USA; [email protected] 2 Colegio de Jurisprudencia, Instituto de Investigaciones Jurídicas, Universidad San Francisco de Quito, Diego de Robles y Vía Interoceánica, 17-1200-841 Quito, Ecuador; [email protected] 3 Galapagos Science Center, Universidad San Francisco de Quito and University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Alsacio Northia Avenue, 200150 Puerto Baquerizo Moreno, Ecuador; [email protected] 4 Colegio de Ciencias e Ingenierías, Instituto Biósfera, Universidad San Francisco de Quito, Diego de Robles y Vía Interoceánica, 17-1200-841 Quito, Ecuador * Correspondence: [email protected] Abstract: Ecuador has historically had a unique experience with water law, management, and policy as a result of its constitutional declaration of water access as a human right. In this paper, the legal, environmental, economic, and social aspects related to water management in Ecuador are analyzed. In doing so, the incorporation of local governance structures such as water users’ associations (WUAs) are characterized within a national model of authorization under SENAGUA, Ecuador’s former water agency, highlighting the importance of integrated management for meeting the country’s geographi- Citation: Wingfield, S.; cally and environmentally diverse needs. Additionally, the role of anthropogenic activities such as Martínez-Moscoso, A.; Quiroga, D.; crude oil production, artisanal and small-scale gold (ASGM) mining, agriculture, sewage discharge, Ochoa-Herrera, V.
  • Ecuador Cruiser´S Guide

    Ecuador Cruiser´S Guide

    Ecuador Cruiser’s Guide (formerly Bahía de Caráquez Cruiser’s Guide) Rev E.3 – October 2013 Revision Log Many thanks to all who have contributed over the years! For details, see Acknowledgements. Rev Date Who What Original 2003-2007 She Wolf and many others 2008 2008 Carina C Mar 2009 Soggy Paws Re-arranged, renamed ‘Bahía’ Guide. Added Bahía updates. C.1 June 2009 Soggy Paws Minor updates on anchorages between Bahía and PLYC, PLYC fees and entry procedures C.2 Oct 2009 Soggy Paws Updating the Galápagos information from info received from boats visiting during 2009 C.3 Nov 2009 Soggy Paws Updates to Customs, Immigration, and Fuel sections in Sec 2, updates to some ‘Entry Procedures’ in Bahía. Additional hotels in the Land Travel in Ecuador section. Additions from Sarana on Bahía to Colombia. Renamed back to Ecuador Cruiser’s Guide C.4 Dec 2009 Soggy Paws Galápagos updates from Visions of Johana Batteries & liferafts in Bahía from Dream Caper. Sunbrella in Quito. A few updates on Cuenca D Jan 2010 Soggy Paws Updates from the Galápagos E Feb 2010 Soggy Paws, More updates from the Galápagos. Peru update Visions of Johanna from s/v Aliisa. E.1 April 2010 Cynosure Updated Puerto Amistad pricing & check-in procedure; made minor language and formatting changes. E.2 April 2010 Cynosure Added Galápagos info from s/v Whoosh, Peru and Callao Harbor info from s/v Precious Metal; fluffed & buffed text and format for readability. E.3 October 2013 Cynosure Added electronics repair resource in Guayaquil; added notes about Galápagos; made various minor cleanups and corrections.
  • The Prehistoric Archaeology of Venezuela, Colombia and Ecuador

    The Prehistoric Archaeology of Venezuela, Colombia and Ecuador

    The Cambridge Prehistory Ecuador, Colombia and Venezuela Roberto Lleras 1. The geographic setting Ecuador, Colombia and Venezuela together cover all of north-western South America; a region broadly comprising over two million, three hundred thousand square kilometres. The whole territory is located in the torrid tropical zone, most of it north of the Equator. The ample morphological and ecological diversity determines the existence of many different natural regions, being the main ones: 1) The Pacific coast, a dry, hilly stretch of lowland in south and central Ecuador and, further north, a mountainous humid tropical forest along Colombia up to the Panama isthmus. 2) The Andes, a complex region formed by several cordilleras cut by longitudinal and traverse river valleys that form climatic micro-niches. The Andes, roughly running in the south–north direction, divide in Colombia into three different cordilleras, one of which extends into Venezuela forming the Sierra de Merida. 3) The Caribbean coast; starting from the west, a dense tropical forest that gradually turns into savannah up to the foothills of the Sierra Nevada maritime massif, and then a long stretch of dry plains forming several peninsulas and encircling the Maracaibo lake. Further east into Venezuela there is the Central Cordillera that gradually dies to give way to the large delta of the Orinoco River. 4) The Llanos, a large system of lowland savannahs intersected by large rivers running into the Orinoco basin. 1 5) The Amazon and Guyana tropical forests, occupying eastern Ecuador, southeast Colombia and south Venezuela. Within each of these main regions there are several different zones; canyons, plateaux, deltas, marshlands, deserts and valleys, each with its specific type of vegetation and fauna.
  • Images from the Museum of the Americas, Madrid, Spain

    Images from the Museum of the Americas, Madrid, Spain

    1 Images from the Museum of the Americas, Madrid, Spain Ministry of Culture, Spain The General Secretariat at the Ministry of Culture, Spain presents an exhibit at The Museum of the Americas. This museum is of vital importance for the knowledge of Pre-Columbian art; the images here contribute to the celebration of the 5th Century of the Discovery of the New World, and to sensitize the general public towards the common historic roots of Spain and America. The images here cover a large temporal and geographic span. Geographically, images come from across Latin America, from Mexico to Argentina. Temporally they span from the earliest Pre-Columbian periods up to the late Colonial period. The images here represent a wide swath of images from former Spanish colonies, providing a glimpse at the cultural traditions, both in the recent and deep past, from Latin America. Descriptions of Images 1. Olmec Head. Mexico. Middle Preclassic, 900-400 BC. 2. Preclassic Feminine Figurine. Pacific Coast Region, Mexico. Preclassic, 400 BC-1 AD. 3. Preclassic Feminine Figure. Mexico. Preclassic, 400 BC-1 AD. 4. Teotihuacan Head. Mexico. Classic, 300-650 AD. 5. Palma. El Tajin, Mexico. Classic, 400-900 AD. 6. Maya Head. Palenque, Mexico. Classic, 600-900 AD. 7. Maya Bas Relief. Palenque, Mexico. Classic, 600-900 AD. 8. Toltec Figure. Central Mexico. Early Postclassic, 900-1200 AD. 9. Mixtec Figure. Mexico. Late Postclassic, 1200-1500 AD. 10. Jaguar Head. Mexico. Postclassic Period, 1200-1500 AD. 11. Aztec Feminine Figure. Mexico. Late Postclassic, 1400-1425 AD. 12. Page Trocortesian Manuscript. Yucatan, Mexico. Postclassic.
  • Agua Potable Y Saneamiento Rural

    Agua Potable Y Saneamiento Rural

    Ficha Informativa de Proyecto 2020 MAA - Ministerio del Ambiente y Agua Proyectos IE PROYECTO: K043 SENAGUA - Agua Potable y Saneamiento Rural Líder del Proyecto: Ruales Garces, Luis Sigifredo ([email protected]) Patrocinador Ejecutivo: Mendoza Zambrano, Veronica Programas Relacionados: Cecilia Titular: Prioridad: 0 Tipo de Proyecto: Infraestructura Retorno Económico: 0.00 CUP: 185500000.674.2562 TIR: 0.00 % Objetivos Operativos: 1 VAN: 0.00 Viabilidad Técnica: Media Estimado Al Fin Del Proyecto: 10,007,455.77 Localidad de Gestión: Nacional - Nivel 1 > Nacional - Nivel 2 > Nacional - Nivel 3 Tipo de Ppto. Externo: Fecha de Inicio - Fecha de Fin: 01/12/2008 - 31/12/2021 Fecha de última actualización: 15/06/2020 Fecha de Fin Base: 31/12/2015 Modificado por: Machado Cisneros, Mónica Fecha del siguiente Hito: 28/02/2020 Patricia Nota: Este Proyecto está alineado a objetivos matriciales DATOS GENERALES Descripción *DESCRIPCIÓN DEL PROYECTO: El programa está orientado a atender las necesidades de los servicios básicos de agua potable y saneamiento, en parroquias rurales del País, mediante la capacitación directa asistiendo técnicamente a los gobiernos seccionales y prestadores de servicios, en la creación de modelos de gestión, con la elaboración de estudios y diseños integrales de agua potable y saneamiento, rehabilitación y mejoramiento de Sistemas de Agua Potable y saneamiento y con la dotación de equipos de laboratorio para análisis físicos, químicos y microbiológicos a los Municipios. *PRODUCTO / SERVICIO: Zonas rurales beneficiados a nivel nacional en diferentes parroquias del país con abastecimiento de agua potable, saneamiento, capacitación a prestadores de servicios básicos, estudios integrales de agua y saneamiento a nivel de factibilidad concluido con sus respectivos pliegos de contratación para la ejecución de las obras, proyectos hidrosanitarios ejecutados y operando (rehabilitaciones, mejoramientos ampliaciones o construcciones nuevas), laboratorios de calidad del agua entregados y operando.