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Unversidad Inca Garcilaso De La Vega View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by Universidad Inca Garcilaso de la Vega: Repositorio Institucional UNVERSIDAD INCA GARCILASO DE LA VEGA FACULTAD DE CIENCIAS FARMACÉUTICAS Y BIOQUÍMICA “EVALUACIÓN DEL EFECTO ANTIINFLAMATORIO DEL GEL CON EXTRACTO ETANÓLICO DE LA CORTEZA DEL FICUS PERTUSA EN RATAS ALBINAS” Tesis para optar el Título Profesional de Químico Farmacéutico y Bioquímico TESISTA: Bach. JILMER CARRANZA CHAVEZ ASESORA: Dra. Q.F. NORA HERRERA HERNÁNDEZ Fecha de sustentación: 28 de Marzo de 2018 LIMA – PERÚ 2018 TÍTULO: “EVALUACIÓN DEL EFECTO ANTIINFLAMATORIO DEL GEL CON EXTRACTO ETANÓLICO DE LA CORTEZA DEL FICUS PERTUSA EN RATAS ALBINAS” DEDICATORIA Para mi querida madre Remberta Chavez Díaz, te escribo estas pequeñas líneas en tu homenaje ya que gracias a tu apoyo, fortaleza y cuidado incondicional logré concluir los estudios universitarios y de esta manera seguir enorgulleciéndote con mis metas logradas. A mis hermanos Jaime Carranza Chavez y Jonny Carranza Chavez por enseñarme de que la vida no es fácil y que todo se puede lograr con mucho esfuerzo y dedicación. AGRADECIMIENTO Quiero agradecer de manera especial a la Q.F. Nora Herrera Hernández, directora del grupo de investigación de la Facultad de Ciencias Farmacéuticas y Bioquímica de la Universidad Inca Garcilaso de la Vega, por permitirme ser miembro de este extraordinario grupo. A nuestra alma mater (UIGV) por confiar en el grupo de investigación y de esta manera fomentar la investigación de productos naturales. Al Dr. Jorge Arroyo Acevedo y a los trabajadores del bioterio de la Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos por siempre brindarnos su apoyo. Al Dr. Gilmer Solis Sánchez por su constante apoyo y orientación incondicional en la elaboración de este trabajo. A mis compañeros del grupo de investigación Rodríguez Zelada Fernando, Mayhua Orellana Ana, Fernández Flores Javier, Orejón Gómez Denisse, Fabián Medina Dick, ya que gracias a ustedes compañeros se pudieron lograr muchas metas. A todos los profesores de nuestra querida Facultad de Ciencias Farmacéuticas y Bioquímica que nos brindaron y enseñaron sus conocimientos en las diversas ramas de nuestra carrera profesional. ÍNDICE GENERAL Dedicatoria Agradecimiento Índice General Índice de Tablas Índice de Figuras Índice de Anexos Resumen Abstract Introduccion: ....................................................................................................... 1 CAPÍTULO I: PLANTEAMIENTO DEL PROBLEMA ........................................ 2 1.1. Descripción de la Realidad Problemática. ................................................. 2 1.2. Formulación del Problema ......................................................................... 4 1.2.1. Problema general ............................................................................ 4 1.2.2. Problema especifico ........................................................................ 5 1.3. Objetivos de la Investigación ..................................................................... 5 1.3.1. Objetivo general .............................................................................. 5 1.3.2. Objetivo especifico .......................................................................... 5 1.4. Justificación y Viabilidad de la Investigación ............................................ 5 1.5. Delimitación de la Investigación ................................................................. 7 1.6. Limitación de la Investigación .................................................................... 8 CAPÍTULO II: MARCO TEÓRICO ..................................................................... 9 2.1. Antecedentes de la Investigación .............................................................. 9 2.1.1 Actividad antiinflamatoria y otras propiedades terapéuticas del género Ficus .................................................................................... 9 2.1.2 Extractos con efecto antioxidante y antiinflamatorio del género Ficus .............................................................................................. 12 2.2. Bases Teóricas ........................................................................................ 14 2.2.1 Descripción de la especie ............................................................. 14 2.2.2 Extracción...................................................................................... 16 2.2.3 Tipos de extracción con solventes ................................................ 16 2.2.4 Extractos ....................................................................................... 17 2.2.5 Tipos de extractos ......................................................................... 17 2.2.6 Inflamación .................................................................................... 18 2.2.7 Etapas de la inflamación ............................................................... 18 2.2.8 Terapéutica de la inflamación ........................................................ 24 2.3. Formulación de Hipótesis ........................................................................ 27 2.3.1. Hipótesis general ........................................................................... 27 2.3.2. Hipótesis especifica ....................................................................... 27 2.4. Operacionalización de Variables e Indicadores ....................................... 27 2.5. Definición de Términos Básicos: .............................................................. 27 CAPÍTULO III: METODOLOGÍA ...................................................................... 30 3.1. Tipo de Investigación ............................................................................... 30 3.2. Diseño de la Investigación ....................................................................... 30 3.2.1 Preparación de la muestra ............................................................ 30 3.2.2 Obtención del extracto crudo hidroalcohólico ................................ 31 3.2.3 Tamizaje fitoquímico del extracto hidroalcohólico ......................... 31 3.2.4 Preparación del gel ....................................................................... 32 3.2.5 Efecto antiinflamatorio ................................................................... 32 3.3. Población y Muestra de la Investigación ................................................ 33 3.3.1 Población vegetal .......................................................................... 33 3.3.2 Muestra vegetal ............................................................................. 33 3.3.3 Población animal ........................................................................... 33 3.3.4 Muestra animal .............................................................................. 33 3.4. Técnica e Instrumento de Recolección de Datos ..................................... 34 3.4.1 Técnica de recolección de datos ................................................... 34 3.4.2 Instrumento de recolección de datos ............................................. 34 3.4.3 Validación de instrumentos ........................................................... 34 3.5. Técnicas para el Procesamiento de Datos .............................................. 35 CAPÍTULO IV: PRESENTACIÓN Y ANÁLISIS DE RESULTADOS ............... 36 4.1. Presentación de Resultados .................................................................... 36 4.1.1 Resultados Del Tamizaje Fitoquímico. ............................................ 36 4.1.2 Resultados De La Actividad Antiinflamatoria Del Gel Con Extracto Etanólico Del Ficus Pertusa .......................................................... 38 4.2. Prueba de Hipótesis ................................................................................. 43 Hipótesis General ............................................................................................. 43 4.3 Discusión de Resultados ............................................................................ 43 CAPÍTULO V: CONCLUSIONES Y RECOMENDACIONES ........................... 47 5.1 Conclusiones: .......................................................................................... 47 5.2 Recomendaciones: .................................................................................. 48 Referencias Bibliográficas ................................................................................ 49 INDICE DE TABLAS Tabla 1: Resultados del tamizaje fitoquímico del extracto soluble en metanol (CH3OH) ........................................................................................... 36 Tabla 2: Resultados de tamizaje fitoquímico del extracto soluble en cloroformo (CHCl3) ............................................................................ 37 Tabla 3: Resultados del tamizaje fitoquímico del extracto soluble agua (H2O) ................................................................................................. 37 Tabla 4: Resultados del tamizaje fitoquímico del extracto soluble en agua acidificada ......................................................................................... 37 Tabla 5: Resultado del diámetro (mm) de la inflamación a diferentes concentraciones con relación al tiempo ............................................. 38 Tabla 6: Resultado del promedio del diámetro (mm) de la inflamación a diferentes concentraciones con relación al tiempo ............................ 39 Tabla 7: Resultado del porcentaje de inhibición a diferentes concentraciones
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