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Lake Kivu Islands Biodiversity Inventories Karongi 2012

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Lake Kivu Islands Biodiversity Inventories Karongi 2012 Inventories of Kivu Lake Islands Biodiversity In Support To Their Inclusion Into The Protected Areas Network In Rwanda TABLE OF CONTENTS LIST OF TABLES ...................................................................................................................................... 4 LIST OF FIGURES .................................................................................................................................... 5 LIST OF PHOTOS ..................................................................................................................................... 6 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY.......................................................................................................................... 8 CHAPTER I. INTRODUCTION .............................................................................................................. 9 1.1. Kivu Lake ................................................................................................................................ 9 1.1.1. General information .......................................................................................................... 9 1.1.2. The biological environment ............................................................................................ 10 1.1.2.1. Fish fauna ................................................................................................................. 10 1.1.2.1. Plankton fauna .......................................................................................................... 11 1.2. Kivu Lake islands ................................................................................................................. 12 1.2.1. General information ........................................................................................................ 12 1.2.2. Study sites ....................................................................................................................... 12 1.3. Scope of the study ................................................................................................................. 15 1.4. Objectives of the study ......................................................................................................... 16 CHAPTER II. RESEARCH METHODS AND MATERIALS............................................................. 16 2.1. Birds survey .......................................................................................................................... 16 2.1.1. Line Transect ................................................................................................................... 16 2.1.2. Mist-netting technique used to capture birds .................................................................. 16 2.1.3. Opportunistic observation ............................................................................................... 17 2.2. Vegetation and plants survey .............................................................................................. 17 2.2.1. Sampling techniques ....................................................................................................... 17 2.2.2. Useful plants identification and analysis ......................................................................... 18 2.3. Invertebrates survey ............................................................................................................. 19 2.3.1. Quadrats method ............................................................................................................. 19 2.3.2. Relative methods using observation technical surface of flying insects ......................... 20 2.4. Small mammals ..................................................................................................................... 20 2.5. Reptiles and Amphibians ..................................................................................................... 20 2.6. Socio-economy survey .......................................................................................................... 21 CHAPTER III. RESULTS ...................................................................................................................... 22 3.1. Biodiversity inventory .......................................................................................................... 22 3.1.1. Nyamunini Island ............................................................................................................ 26 Page 1 of 159 Inventories of Kivu Lake Islands Biodiversity In Support To Their Inclusion Into The Protected Areas Network In Rwanda 3.1.1.1. Geographic description ............................................................................................. 26 3.1.1.2. Birds ......................................................................................................................... 27 3.1.1.3. Flora and vegetation ................................................................................................. 33 3.1.1.4. Invertebrates ............................................................................................................. 38 3.1.1.5. Mammals .................................................................................................................. 38 3.1.1.6. Reptiles ..................................................................................................................... 42 3.1.1.7. Amphibians............................................................................................................... 45 3.1.2. Mukondwe Island ............................................................................................................ 47 3.1.2.1. Geographic description ............................................................................................. 47 3.1.2.2. Birds ......................................................................................................................... 49 3.1.2.3. Flora and vegetation ................................................................................................. 52 3.1.2.4. Invertebrates ............................................................................................................. 56 3.1.2.5. Mammals .................................................................................................................. 58 3.1.2.6. Reptiles ..................................................................................................................... 58 3.1.2.7. Amphibians............................................................................................................... 60 3.1.3. Shegesha Island ............................................................................................................... 60 3.1.3.1. Geographic description ............................................................................................. 60 3.1.3.2. Birds ......................................................................................................................... 62 3.1.3.3. Flora and vegetation ................................................................................................. 62 3.1.3.4. Invertebrates ............................................................................................................. 65 3.1.3.5. Mammals .................................................................................................................. 68 3.1.3.6. Reptiles ..................................................................................................................... 68 3.1.3.7. Amphibians............................................................................................................... 68 3.1.4. Amahoro Island ............................................................................................................... 69 3.1.4.1. Geographic description ............................................................................................. 69 3.1.4.2. Birds ......................................................................................................................... 71 3.1.4.3. Flora and vegetation ................................................................................................. 71 3.1.4.4. Invertebrates ............................................................................................................. 73 3.1.4.5. Mammals .................................................................................................................. 75 3.1.3.6. Reptiles ..................................................................................................................... 75 3.1.3.7. Amphibians............................................................................................................... 75 3.1.5. Nyenyeri Island ............................................................................................................... 75 3.1.5.1. Geographic description ............................................................................................. 75 3.1.5.2. Birds ......................................................................................................................... 77 3.1.5.3. Flora and vegetation ................................................................................................. 79 3.1.5.4. Invertebrates ............................................................................................................. 85 3.1.4.5. Mammals .................................................................................................................
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