20¢ IN THIS ISSUE.. HDW TO RESEARCH A RURAL COMMUNITY TORTURE IN THE "·POWER AND POLITICS" MEETING

OCTOBER 1966 VOL. 2 NO.9 HUNTERS POINT · COPS SHOT INTO COMMUNITY CENTER SHELTERING 200 CHILDREN

SAN FRANCISCO -- On Thursday Sep­ Soon after the shooting, the windows of THE BODY OF MATTHEW JOHNSON, 16, shot to death by a tember 27 about 4 0'clock in the after- , a Rexall Drug Store were broken by an policeman, is carried out after funeral services. 1000 attended the Hunters Point noon, Matthew Johnson, 16, was shot in angry group of young Negro men. Fur­ funeral. the back and killed by a policeman. The ther down the street, around the Bayview­ officer had stopped the car Johnson and Hunters Point Community Center, several In a MOVEMENT interview with Harold A few minutes later a squad of police a friend were riding in: he thought they young men together with some of the Brooks, Director of the Center, he pointed closed off the street. They started grab­ looked suspicious. Center's community workers and Youth out that the shooting lasted 7or 8 minutes. bing people and putting them in a bus. The policeman, Alvin Johnson, 51, or­ For Service, began to organize what later "Minutes before," Brooks recalled, "the About 70 were picked up. The police dered the two out of the car and told them was called the Peace Patrol. This was kids were in the windows. The police must only went for hippies with long hair and to raise their hands. Matthew Johnson only hours after the initial attack on the have known they were in there." sandals, students with beards, and Ne­ drug store. That night the Patrol num-, Only three newspapers have interviewed groes, whether or not they were demon­ bered 50. Brooks or anyone else in the building at strating. Early Wednesday morning several radio that time; THE MOVEMENT, The BERKE­ One of THE MOVEMENT staff who broadcasts reported that violence had bro­ LEY BARB, and the NATIONAL GUARD­ looks like the all-American boy was pushed ken out in the FillmoreDistrict. However, IAN. None of the Establishment press out of the way by a cop so he could arrest one of TI-IE MOVEMENT staff went down mentioned the number of children in the a hippie. A couple who had been shopping there and reported that only a few windows building. and had grocery bags in their arms were were broken and that all the streets lead­ "The children didn't expect the police arrested. The charges were violating cur­ ing into Fillmore between Geary and Haight would fire," Brooks said. "When the few, being a public nuisance, and inciting Streets were completely cordoned off by firing broke out, bedlam followed, until to riot. the Highway Patrol. All was 1 got them to lie down. I went out the The police entered some stores and quiet. The radio reports during the week front door to get them to stop firing and pulled people out to arrest them -- again, were full of hysterical announcements of let the kids out." only Negroes, students and hippies. new "violence" and "riots." Checking ,.After the kids got out, the_police came The police claim on their records that them out, TI-IE MOVEMENT found most looking for cocktails and guns. They didn't all the people were arrested at Haight of them not to exist or to be local fist­ find anything." and Cole. As far as we know, 70 were fights between highschool students. Seven people were wounded outside the arrested at Clayton, some at Masonic and On Wednesday the 28th, the Peace Pa­ bUilding at that time. Six were clearly none at Cole. Clearly the police were trol demanded a meeting with Mayor marked Peace Patrol members. One, trying to cover up the fact that they made Shelley,. Governor Brown, Assemblyman Adam Rogers, standing a block off Third no loudspeaker announcement of the cur­ Willie Brown, Assemblyman John Burton, Street, was telling people to get off the few time. The newspapers and television and Congressman Phil Burton. The meet­ streets with a bull horn at the time he said that the curfew was in ing was to be in Hunters Point. Only one was wounded in the back. He kept scream­ and Hunters Point, not in the Haight­ of the Burtons showed up. ing, "Why did they shoot me?" Ashbury or the Western Addition. The Downtown, a group of Hunters Point The police later agreed to keep off police have tried to claim that the Haight- residents did meet with the Mayor that afternoon. Their meeting was interrupted by r.eports of more violence along Third Street. THE SEVERAL HUNDRED PEOPLE ARRESTED IN HUNTERS The Peace Patrol had asked the police' POINT AND HAIGHT- ASHBURY DISTRICTS OF SAN FRANCISCO, YOUNG HUNTERS POINT man watches to get out of Third Street and to block CANNOT, BEING POOR, AFFORD THE EXPENSES OF THEIR BAIL burial of Johnson. off the street so no traffic would pass AND COURT COSTS, through. The Patrol had little success in stopping people from throwing rocks and WE ASK OUR READERS TO SEND URGENTLY NEEDED MONEY began to run down a hilI with his hands bottles at passing cars, since the police FOR THEIR DEFENSE TO THE COUNCIL FOR JUSTICE, THE COM­ raised. The officer says he fired three would not block off Third Street and let the MITTEE OF VOLUNTEER LAWYERS HANDLING THEIR DEFENSE, warning shots before hitting Johnson. A Patrol deal with their people. MAKE CHECKS OUT TO CFJ BAIL FUND AND SEND TO 44914th witness claims that all the shots were Then a policeman was hit with a rock as aimed at the youth. he passed by in a squad car. He cried out, STREET, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94103, At the time of the shooting the officer •'I'm hit, I'm hit." The driver of the car did not know that the car was stolen. called into headquarters, "My buddy is The owners reported it as stolen several­ hit." He did not clarify what he meant Third Street entirely on Saturday night. Ashbury is part of the •'Greater Fill­ hours later. by •'hit." Saturday night the Patrol would keep the more," an area unknown to San Fran­ At this time there were over 500 peace. ciscans. But then the police have been people on Third Street, mostly young aching to get their hands on those hippies people. HELP EXPORT for a long time. The police assumed he was shot and at CURFEW RAID IN H.AIGHT-ASHBURY A map 'published by the CHRONICLE THE MOVEMENT 5 pm closed off Third Street to alltraffic. showed the Western Addition curfew area Several revolutionary groups Then they marched up to the Community Meanwhile, on Thursday night in the gerrymandered around all areas with a have written to us requesting Center, firing over the heads of the crowd. Haight-Ashbury district, some middle­ large Negro pop u 1a t ion. St. Francis subscriptions to THE MOVE­ All this time the Peace Patrol was try­ class students and hippies demonstrated Square, a mostly white middleclass hous­ MENT. We need some help if ing to clear the streets. Some used bull against the 8 p.m. curfew and the pre­ ing project, was excluded even though it we are to send them copies. horns and all wore black armbands. sence of the National Guard in the city. lies in the middle of the Fillmore dis­ Airmaiiing one copy of the They demanded the withdrawal of the trict. paper to costs 39¢, to COPS FIRE INTO CENTER police and the Guard from Fillmore and One resident said that it would be im­ Tanzania 75¢, to the National When the police reached the Community Hunter's Point in solidaritywith the Negro possible to move around the area without Liberation Front 45¢. It's im­ Center, one officer yelled, "There's a people. ' .a map. Step across the wrong street and portant that they know what is gun in there somewhere: they're firing at At ten minutes to eight, according to you're under arrest. happening inside this country. Pete Robinson, a community worker at No daily newspapers were delivered in Can any of our readers send us I" On television and in the newspapers Hamilton Methodist Church, a police of­ any of the curfew areas, even during the us a contribution toward the people saw the police fire into the build­ ficer stepped out of his car and said, in day, while the curfew lasted. postage needed to mail THE ing. a conversational tone, that there was a MOVEMENT to these groups? More than 200 children were in the Cen­ "Now Matthew Jones won't have to fight ter at that time. This was not reported by curfew and people should go home. He in Vietnam," said one of the signs carried any of the news media. did not use the loudspeaker on the car. by the Haight Street Demonstrators. PAGE ., THE MOVEMENT OCTOBER 1966

...... 1 1 EDITORIAL.I II .. • ...... 11...1111.1111....11 LETTERS 1111111... 1111111111111...... r'CRIMINAL CONSPIRACY" ARREST SNCC IS REVOLUTIONARY APPLAUD YOUR WORK Hot on the heels of the police frame­ lower-class communities in the United up of SNCC organizers in Philadelphia States. Harris was not arrested for being (From a letter to Marin Friends of SNCC) To the members of the SNCC staff: and the arrest of Stokley Carmichael for a criminal or for being a syndicalist. He To Whom it May Concern: Having just read the July issue of THE leading a riot in which he did not take W:iS arrested for trying to organize Ne­ I) Here are the blue Chip stamps I prom­ MOVEMENT, and being highly impressed part, comes the news that police have groes against police brutality, for opposing i sed a week ago. ;with its content and the concepts of your arrested a black organizer for the Pro­ the injustice of the Deadwyler killing and 2) Shamel Shamel The presence of Car­ organization, I am writing this short note gressive Labor Party in . "hearing," for speaking 0 u t against michael in Mississippi is causing Uncle­ to applaud your work ... John Harris was arrested for "crim­ America's illegal war in Vietnam and for Tom- King to say things he would never I have been highly impressed by the inal syndicalism," a charge Similar to being a black militant. ~ was also ar­ say otherwise and to lose face. idealism and realism shown by some of the local ordinances under which racist police rested for being a communist, which he 3) Robert Williams is chuckling like hell more prominant members of your staff. I officers in the South have been arresting openly acknowledges. in Cuba at King's poor plight. refer specifically to such outstanding SNCC workers for years. In California We call for the immediate freeing of 4) SNCC is making revolutionary pro­ individuals as , Julian this law was last used against the or­ Harris and for the dropping of all charges posals even in LA. Bond, and Terence Cannon. I mention these ganizers of farm workers in the 1930's. against him under this anti-democratic 5) Well, back to Frantz Fanon (French three because of their public exposure It is the means by which police harass, law. We ask our readers to aid John Harris Negro psychoanalyst)who anticipated Car­ through the mass communications media intimidate and attempt to interfere with in his battle for freedom. michael when he said we must give the which led me to be inspired by their the work of organizers in Negro and world new ways of thoughts, new forms sincerity and logical presentations. of social leadership. Regarding the concept of , AN ,ANGRY LETTER FOR TWO unfit mother, unfit she says," my neigh­ 6) I'm 50, but I never thought I would which incidentally has been so misrepre­ GIRLS IN JUVIE bor cries to me. "Those fucking white live to see the things I'm witnessing, and sented by the news media, and your stand people can come look at my closets,my Carmichael is no Black Nationalist; re- on Viet Nam I wholeheartedly agree. Again Let's begin at the beginning: none of kids have clothes. Brooks, I need a friend. o gardless what white liberals and radicals let me congratulate you on the fine work this business about jobs, etc. Let's talk I don't want to mess with nobody. Why do think, I love him. you are doing and enclosed find $2 for a about people. they want to mess over me?" If possible I'm going to welch on some subscription to THE MOVEMENT so that There's this neighbor of mine. She's Two girls, 9 and 11, fairly well be­ previously made commitments just to push I and some of my friends may keep abreast black, has six kids (mother of seven, one haved, from a fairly good home -- oh, THE MOVEMENT. of the activities of your fine organization. died) and a welfare recipient. I've known you people in Sunset might disagree -­ Charles H. Knapper Yours for TRUE equality her for about two years. are still being held. Their case won't Oakland, California L. F. Barghigiani She's as good a mother as possible come up until the 15th and who knows what FRAMED FOR ARSON Whittier, California under the circumstances ... food, will happen then? What W:iS their crime? Dear Friends: clothes, a roof over their head. The kids Being black? Having a black mother? "I Find enclosed check for ten dollars . come in when it gets dark; when one girl bore those girls. They're mine. No fuck­ I know all about the courts and the law. SOME OF MY BEST FRIENDS••• wanted a clarinet there was a clarinet; ing white man's going to take them away I was framed on an Arson charge in In regard to the continuance of my sub-­ one girl has been promised a piano and from me. I'll kill myself first," 1928 ... I was third degreed by the scription I think you can skip it. I have lessons if possible. There's even a cheap Why? Why? What have they done to Sheriff, the only thing that saved me was been very interested in publications of encyclopaedia (under the R's for Race you deserve this? What about the first w~eks a good attorney. P.S. I think this is the this kind, but any publication that comes can see the savage black man swinging of school they're missing -- if they get only Country in the world where it is a out so violently against all officers of law from trees). She's a good neighbor even out? There's no bail at Juvie -- you have crime to be unemployed. I was run out and order, and law and order itself- well, though she does play the hi-fi a little no civil rights at all if you're under age of many towns. The law said - go to work not for me. I am a member of the Catholic loud when her man's in port. and black. "They don't even take a calf or get out of town, how the hell you going Inter-Racial Council, and there are many About a week ago she had a squabble away from a cow while it's still suck­ to work when there are no jobs. fine policeman who are members, one a with two of her daughters. The oldest is ing -- but those white bastards have taken Sincerely, very active one. I have a few young friends entering puberty and just starting to feel my babies away from me," James O. Geyer and relatives who have gone into the police like an adult. So they ran away. It hap­ How many times does this happen? That Dos Rios, Calif. force, and are dedicated young men. Of pens to us all. Just like all-American kid said 0'1 TV the other day that he wants course there are exceptions but your ver­ kids. But the American dream doesn't nothing to do with the white man's world. sion that all policemen are biased and hold for black kids. I wlJnder why they haven't burnedthe world brutal -I can't go along with that. Of The police picked them up. The myth down. course there is Sheriff Clark, but those falls apart here. No phone call to the Brooks Penney are not any more representative of our parents, no friendly laugh from the duty San Francisco policemen than the Negro race is repre­ officer and a good paddling when they get sented by the hoodlums who throw bottles home. No--the next day they are located, and home made bombs. So just forget my but Visiting Hours are not until Sunday, THE MOVEMENT needs your sup­ $2.00. I am intensely interested in any­ three days away. port. Your contributions can make thing that works well for Negroes in -their "That white bitch said that I am an it possible for us to expand and efforts, but not violence for just the sake improve coverage. Send your con­ of being violent. If this sort of effort was put forth to helping small children and SNCC needs a car tribution to THE MOVEMENT primary grade children, there would be a gasoline credit card 449 14th Street, San Francisco, s orne hope for these children when they and _MONEY! 94103. become young men and women. Help support the struggle for Mrs. Joseph Muzio San Francisco freedom. ANNOUNCING- ONE OF THE FINEST SEMINARS IN COMMUNITY ISSUES Dear Sirs: THE MOVEMENT A series of seminars on current issues, Please send me a subscription to your is published monthly by the staff sponsored by the Community Research and newspaper. It is one of the finest news­ Education Foundation (CREF) will begin of the Student Nonviolent Coor­ papers on the left and I feel bad when I at the Immaculate Conception dinating Committee of California. miss an issue. Academy, 3625 24th Street in San Fran­ Vickie Cooper cisco. Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania EDITORIAL OFFICE: The special six week courses will meet 449 14th Street every Tuesday night. San Francisco, California 94103 The seminars offered are: POLlTICAL 626-4577 POWER A..'\fD AGRlCI-BUSINESS IN CALI­ odverhsement EDITORIAL GROUP: FORNIA - discussion leaders Brooks Terence Cannon Penney and Terence Cannon; THE CHRIS­ Frank Cieciorka TIAN FAITH AND SOCIAL ACTION - John Mike Sharon Delury and Rev. David Knotts: THE BACK­ "Lead Us Not Into Corruption" Ellie Isaksen GROlliD OF SAN FRANCISCO'S LATIN ADVERTISING CORRUPTS AMERICAN COMMUNITY - Fr. G en e Brooks Penney McAuliffe; URBAN RENEWAL AND THE Bobbi Cieciorka FUTURE OF SAN FRANCISCO - Harry Brill and Jerry Mandel; MASS ORGANl­ LOS ANGELES STAFF: ZATION - Mike Miller. Karen Koonan Many of the discussion leaders are Dear Friends: 462-6873 active with SNCC and THE MOVEMENT. I hope that there are some among your Enrollment will be limited to 25 students Bob Niemann readers who w:=re disappointed when they per seminar. Tuition is $20 a student. saw Lhe space in which you w:=re offering THE M0 VE MENTen c 0 u rag e sits as advertising. It's not because I felt the LOS ANGELES MAILING friends and readers to participate in these ADDRESS: "Movement" staff was ready to sell out seminars. The seminars begin at 7:30 their principles on the numerous problems P.O. Box 117 PM and continue until 9. The memhers of 308 Westwood Plaza facing the minority peoples, but that ad­ the six classes will then gather for a vertising is the real influence upon the Los Angeles 24, California general forum that wUl present special news media which make it difficult for the guest speakers. people to receive the new s wi.thout dis­ SUBSCRIPTIONS: Cooperating organizations in the CREF $2 per year, individual copies tortions covering the facts. I wr)uld like to seminars are American Jewish Congress, buy an ad sp:ice and also hope you will $4 per hundred per month, non­ Artists Liberation Front, CLR, Pres­ print my letter, for I feel there are many commercial bulk subscriptions byterian De par t men t of Urban Work, among your readers who like what they Advertising: S4 per column inch Haight-Ashbury Neighborhood Vie t n am are reading and consider it principle in Committee, and others. itself to avoid the advertising. I would The opin10ns expressed in SIgned like to recommend that those who agree articles and coi'J:":ln~ do not :lecess3rily Any material which -appears in The with me, send some money to "The Mo ve­ reflect the Opi;1:Qr.S of SNCC qr THE Movement may be reprinted by other MOVEMENT. Nor do we necessarily publications, groups or individuals. ment" to keep the ad space blank. support all actions ur organizations on Please give credit to The Movement. Stanley L. Roberts which we report. San Bruno. Calif. --~~------_._---~._,...-'------~~~~------~-~--~~._----" ------

OCTOBER 1966 THE MOVEMENT PAGE

the JOIN Community Union PROJECT RAIDED by Mike Sharon

CHICAGO -- Last month THE MOVE­ MENT reported on the Philadelphia police raid on SNCC. Soon after that raid, on Thursday, September 1, at 8:15 PM, the JOIN Community Union Project of the Students for a Democratic Society and the United People Office of the Presby­ terian Church on the Chicago Uptown were raided simultaneously. 20 to 30 police were involved in the raids, sev­ eral carrying submachine guns. Two JOIN members, Ritchie Rothstein and Melody james, were arrested along with Reverend Morey of the United People (UP). They were charged with possession of four different varieties of narcotics and paraphanalia. Most people in the neighborhood think it was planted. "I've talked to people who are paying THE JOIN OFFICE IN CHICAGO after what police described as "a reasonable search." The wood in cops off," said David Puckett, JOIN or­ the middle of the pi~ture used to be a divider wall. ganizer. "They said, 'See, if you'd just paid them a few dollars.' " moved closer together, seeing the raid as guy who said he was deliberately asked to The police calledit a reasonable search. The people in the surrounding neigh­ a direct attack on JOIN," says Glick. phone you and make an appointment with The JOIN raid is one more in a wave borh~od were not too surprised at the One of the people interested in the JOIN you at the office (at the time the raid took of police action against movements across raid. "They expect that sort of thing," tenant action program said, "I don't place)." An unknown person called Ritchie the country - SNCC in Philadelphia and Puckett said. care what you do - take dope, drink - just Rothstein and tried to get him to the office' , the Watts Community Alert Pa­ Reverend Morey of UP is well-known as long as you are for the poor people, earlier. He came to the office after a trol, the Newark Community Union Pro­ in the neighborhood. He has worked close­ I'm for you." JOIN member called and told him what ject, and the National Farm Workers As­ ly with young members of the Uptown JOIN has been running effective rent waS happening. He was then arrested. sociation. When people begin to take Goodfellows, a group affiliated with JOIN strike campaigns against slumlords, or­ control away from the cops, landlords and that is organizing against police brutality ganizing welfare mothers, and began the The Chicago SUN-TIMES reportedRoth­ caseworkers, the police have at some and for a civilian review board. Uptown Goodfellows. stein as saying, •'I was held in the front point or other tried to discredit and in­ Ron Glick, who is organizing around It is clear that the police were after office and I could hear and see them wreck­ timidate organizing efforts. housing issues, said it will now be diffi­ specific organizers of JOIN. Mrs. Lor­ ing the office. I saw them at the walls On a through Uptown a JOIN cult to organize people who have just heard etta Riddle, a building steward and the with a crowbar. I saw legs torn off chairs. member was asked what everybody was of JOIN and are neither for it or against. JOIN representative in her bUilding, re­ They were having a gay time of it. I marching for. He replied, "We're march­ "Those who haVe been close to JOIN have ported to Mike james, "I talked with a heard them laughing." ing for a whole lot of lettin alone."

CHICAGO POOR WHITES ORGANIZE BABY, THIS IS REALLY NEGRO REMOVAL! By Mike Sharon on the Northside of Chicago. They were "Secretary McNamara's plan "What we're all about is not an inter­ not successful. to draft and train hundreds of racial movement of the poor but a parallel "Unemployment at that office," says thousands of young men now un­ movement of the poor; organizationally the .Rothstein, "was not the unemployment of movement will be interracialbut as a com­ young men but rather of old men, who were qualified for military service munity it will not be interracial. JOIN not particularly interestedin organization. was spawned by military neces­ will have a definite power contribution to '"Secondly, nobody was there long enough sity, despite all the hoopla about make to the Negro Movement around any to feel the organization had a place there. the war on poverty. The plan is given issue." --Rennie Davis It is not like a union in a shop where guys primarily designed to maintain *** are there 8 or 10 hours a day. Or a com­ an adequate manpower pool­ PROBLEMS AREN'T JUST RACIAL munity where people are there 16 hours a which has been cut nearly in day. The unemployment office was just a half by a year's beefed up draft JOIN began as a project of the Economic place where people went to pick up their for the Vietnam war. The re­ Research and Education Project (ERAP) check and then spread out over the North­ serve of men available for mili­ of the Studimts for a Democratic Society. side." tary duty has shrunk from more The founders of ERAP were involved in JOIN decided to start organiZing where than 2,000,000 in midsummer the through their the most yound people they had recruited 1965 to just over 1,000,000 as activities in the Northern Student Move­ at the unemployment office lived. That of July 31, 1966.. .some 30 per ment and Friends of SNCC. was Uptown. cent of the McNamara draftees "We felt that once white people began to Uptown is an area of Northside about a will be Negroes as against an march on welfare offices and to demon­ mile square. It once was a prosperous average Negro. draft rate of 10 strate about their poverty," says Ritchie middle class community. When the middle JOIN ORGANIZER, Bob Lawson, to 11 per cent." Rothstein, "people could no longer claim class moved to the suburbs, poor whites speaks at Goodfellow's rally at Up­ -Washington Sunday Star, that the only reason there was poverty from Appalachia and the South moved in. town Police Station in Chicago. September 11. was that Negroes were discriminated No matter where you are in Uptown ­ against. on the main streets or on the side streets "They would then have to face the fact UNEMPLOYMENT - a police car, marked or unmarked, that there was something wrong with the passes every five minutes. All the time I an end to day-labor hiring halls (These tenant/landlord structure, with the wel­ JOIN began as a movement for jobs or was in Uptown I felt like I was in a police hiring halls are privately owned outfits fare system, and with the whole struct1,1re Income Now. They felt that "the prob­ state. that pay men $1.25 an hour and then of the economy." lem of unemployment was probably the key subcontract them out to factories at the "There should be a permanent o'rgan­ economic problem in the city and that "HIRING HALLS"- factory wage rate, the hiring hall keeping ization rooted in the community which can unemployment was most severely felt by In a community there are two kinds of the difference. (One place is called Rent­ be the base of a political movement that young men." problems you can organize around: Com­ a-Man). could federate with similar movements for They tried to organize men who came munity problems like the need for a day­ Or you can organize around very local social and economic change." to the Unemployment Compensation Office care center, a civilian review board, or issues - a playground on the block, better CONTINUED PAGE 5, COLUMN I ••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• (7- SUBSCRIBE TO T.HE MOVEMENT!) SEND ONE TO Please send me the next i2 issues of THE MOVEMENT Enclosed is $2.00 A fRIEND,.

NAME MAIL TO THE MOVEMENT ADDRESS 449 14th STREET SAN FRANCISCO, CALiF. 94103 x:====~C~IT~Y~ --.JS~T!AT~E~ ~Z~IP~ __) THE MOVEMENT OCTOBER 1966 A POOR WHITE TALKS ABOUT THE POLICE II PEOPLE ARE GOING TO SHOOT BACK" My name is Jimmy Curry; I'm from the him we won't go on no marches or stuff lot of people around here too. People up here would like to start a Northside of Chicago. I have been arrested like that. I'll tell you about' the first time I riot. I know some of 'em, about a hun­ by the cops quite a few times here, but WHO IS THE HEAD CO P FOR THE was arrested. I walked into a restaurant. dred who would like to. They'd like to the only conviction I got is for assault. UPTOWN AREA? All the young kids hung out there. I walked go out and beat a few cops up. Lately, though since I got out of jail, the Sam Joseph. in there one morning, got off from work, There's two groups of people. Those cops around here every time they see me WHAT DOES HE DO? • and there's Sam. Sam's smackin' around who think the police will leave you alone on the street they try to arrest me for He's a detective. He's sort of crazy. all them kids, young girls 13, 14 years if you leave them alone. And those who this or that. They ain't particular. They He thinks everybody else is wrong and old, young guys. He's smackin' the girls know the police ain't gonna let nobody think they're God or something, like they he's right all the time. He's supposed to too. He's tryin' to play God like he thinks alone. If these two groups ever get to­ rule the world. be the best, the way he says it. he is. He tells 'em they're all punks, and gether, they'll probably have a good one. HAS THAT GOT ANYTHING W DO DOES HE USUALLY CRACK DOWN he calls 'em no good whores and bitches YOU HAD A MARCH ON THE POLICE WITH YOUR BELONGING W THE UP­ ON SOUTHERN GUYS? and prostitutes. And they ain't even got out STATION HERE. WHAT WAS THAT TOWN GOODFELLOWS? Yeah, all the time. Everytime he ar­ of their mama's cradle yet. ABOUT? Yes, we try to stop them - to stop rests somebody he also whups them, I go in there and get pretty mad. So I That was about the police, about Sam police brutality. But so far it ain't doing and that's a fact. There is nobody that I figure they gonna get me next anyway, so Joseph and a lot of other policemen, about much good. ever knowed that he arrested and that I picked up a bottle and try to bust his pickin' people up and whupin' 'em, beatin' HOW LONG HAS THE GOODFELLOWS he didn't hit. head. But I missed him. I didn't hit him. 'em up, arrestin' for nothin'. Trying to BEEN GOING? He does more than the rest of them, They whup me for three days. Broke nose, frame 'em. About 3 months. but the other cops are the same way. fractured jaw, three crackedribs. My face Like here's an example for ya. You WHAT DO YOU SEE THAT COULD They figure, "We got the badge, we was swollen up so much, it looked like it walkin' down an alley or somethin. The SWP POLICE BRUTALITY IN CHI­ got the guns, we got the backing, we got ridden over by a freight train. police will pull over the car to stop you. CAGO? can do what we want to. We don't got That's one example. Now a buddy of They pick up a brick and throw it through We can't stop it. It is going to take a to obey the laws, other people got to. mine got arrested with me last time. Sam a window. You're under arrest for bur­ lot of people and pull for that. We're just That's for them not us," that's the way knocked two of his teeth out. He was 17. glary. Now this happened to my brother letting the people know its around though. they think. The police whupped Roger, another buddy twice. I know it for a fact. Most of them know but most of them is HOW DO YOU SEE PEOPLE TAKING of· mine. Busted his nose and his mouth. WHAT DO YOU THINK WILL FINALLY scared to get up and do anything about CONTROL OF THE POLICE? Sam he always tells everybody he ar­ DO THE TRICK AGAINST THE COPS? it. They figure, well if I go out and try The majority of the people -ifthey see rested, young guys, "Catch you around I figure in four more years these to do that, try to stop the police, they are police officers not doing their job, that JOIN or the Uptown Goodfellows," he people are going to be doin the police like going to beat my head in the next time they are breaking the law more than the says, "Next time I catch you, I'm gonna the police been doin to them. They'll they see me. They gonna to frame you. people, then they got to get the police blow your brains out!' be shootin them as they go by. That's They frame a lot of people around here officers off the force. We want a commit­ So I mean it happens every day. It's my opinion. The police, they can't do any­ for a lot of things. They got me on a bum tee. Every time a police officer breaks not just Southern people, it's anybody thing about it. They get worse every year, rap now. I gotta go to court see for strong­ the law, the committee will try him. They they can pick up. You go up in front of armed robbery. There was no robbery should have a committee in every dis­ Judge Epton: you got four or five wit­ I been here eleven years. When I first nowhere, it was a fight that night. The trict of people from that district. nesses that say this police officer abused came out here the police would stop you police tried to make something out of it. It would try the police officer, just you, that say you did not try to resist and say, "OK, kids, get off the street." DO A LOT OF GUYS PAY THE POLICE like ·they do to us. I figure if they break arrest or anything. And he'll look down and They was always nice about it. And every TO KEEP THEM OFF? the law they should go to court too. say, "A police officer do not lie!' year it was a little bit worse. First they Yeah, they can't march or nothing like They are no better than anybody else. You know it's not all the police force, it started pickin you up for nothing. Then that because they know the next time the WHAT DO YOU THINK OF THE RE­ goes on a lot up stairs. It does. It goes they started to whuppin you. Now they police see them, they'll get them for CENT RAID ON JOIN? further upstairs. The police couldn't do framing you. Like I said it's getting something. I am in JOIN and I don't take no pills that if the other people upstairs didn't know worse. Now they kill you if they get a About 3 days after the march, the last or no shots. Nothing like that. I get drunk, it. chance, and ain't gonna say nothin about one we had, the police officer that we was but a lot of people do that. WHAT DID THE PEOPLE IN UPTOWN it. protesting, Hamason Moore, he got us Everybody around here knows that was THINK OF THE RIOTS ON SOUTHSIDE? I tell you people are gonna get fed up up on a corner and tried to arrest us for false. In other wcrds it was planted People up here didn't think too milch with it. And they'll start pickin em off disorderly conduct. It took me about two there before they had it done. That's _about it. Some go on marches. Most of one by one. That's my opinion. hours to talk my way out of that. I told my opinion of it. That's the opinion of a 'em are too scared-----ro-ever do thar:-

DOES ANYBODY REMEMBER "THEY TOOK MY SON AWAY" WHO WE'RE FIGHTING FOR INTERVIEW WITH MARY HOCHENBERRY, 'WELFARE MOTHER AND ORGANIZER ON THE JOIN WELFARE COMMITTEE IN VIETNAM? "The program of U. S. -subsi­ CHICAGO -- I see a tremendous gain for the first time in our activity against the dized imports into South Viet welfare department. They are really scared of us. They are now afraid to pull the Nam has been aimed at sopping dirty deals they ha'le pulled in the past. This shows the machine is breaking. So far up the excess purchasing power we have not lost one grievance in our combined efforts with the West Side Organiza­ in the country's booming war­ tion and KOCO (Kenwood-Qakland Commnnity Organization.) This is very unusual for time economy, thus reducing the over a thousand times. upward pressure on prices. I was once told by supervisor that "we can do anything we want and there is nothing "Critics had attacked the you can do about it!' That was three years ago. Now we have the Chicago Welfare program from several angles. Department in a position of being public servants of recipients. Some had charged corruption In the past Chicago has been one of the cruelest welfare departments in the country. and favoritism in granting im­ If welfare recipients didn't do what their case worker wanted, they would take their children away under false pretenses. port certificates. Others had My OW'1 son had a breakdown. He was in High School. They took him away from me. questioned the wisdom of stimu­ They put him in the Audy Home which is just like a prison. The guards beat him so lating the importation of auto­ bad that he was placed in the isolation wards for two weeks. mobiles, transistor r a d i 0 s, When he came home, he didn'·t talk. He had ear trouble and needed medicine, but watches and other luxury goods they didn't give it to him. After I received custody of him, I learned from the school in wartime. . that he dropped down to a five point level from a ten point level. This was after a "Some U. S. government econ­ previous school board test said he qualified as a college student. When he came back omists, moreover, had, ques­ to school he dropped out and the school told me that there was no need for him to go tioned whether the massive sub­ to school. sidation of imports could do This goes to prove what a merciless fight we have had to wage against the Welfare much to stem the steep inflation Department. c that has increased the cost of o I find that my own case is not an isolated case. This makes me a strong organizer, C living for a working class fami­ .c because I know how rotten and cruel the Welfare Department has been. I certainly feel l/l ly in Saigon 70% in the last 12 ~ qualified to help people demand justice. -" months. " :i We want to take power over the Welfare Department. We're not strong enough now, but we plan to put an organization of welfare people together and decide what we want -from the St. Louis Post­ o o from the welfare Department. Then one of us will call them up and will tell them what Dispatch, September .c 15, 1966 0.. we want, instead of them telling us what we get.

& the Poor," or just so they could say we into power groups. They want to run can­ difference how they opposed Brown, To the Subscribe to THE MOVEMENT were here." didates - peace candidates who talk com­ poor and to THE MOVEMENT, by the time The Left tried to Unify at the Conference munity organizing - their candidates. They they had wrangled and talked to death a and it failed. It wanted to build a power see power in terms of votes, not the abi­ possibly useful gathering, the vote on bloc involving radicals and the poor, and lity to force change. Saturday night really didn't matter. It was CLR CONFERENCE it failed. The Conference quickly passed -- "Nobody' wanted to do anything," said irrelevant. lf a change will come in the Continued from Page 7 all the resolutions asked for by the poor, Katherine Himes on Sunday. "They don't political system of California, as it must, including the request for money, but did want to go to jail for the poor. But the it will come by organizing the poor people nothing to implement them. poor are so desperate they got phony of California, first and last. half of the money raised, to organize the THE MO VEMENT feels there are some ideas about this conference. They expect­ Dave Williams said in one of the work­ poor. lf they say no, we'll tell them the real conclusions to be drawn from the ed too much. We were screwed by the ships, "The poor are the balance of poor won't support them!' conference. Midcileclass liberals and ra­ CDC in convention after convention, but power. It's time the middle class liberals "I don't know if they really wanted dicals are not prepared to deal with the we always come back with hope!' stopped telling us what we need. We'rp us here as an integral part," said Willie poor on the terms of the poor. They are To a thousand radicals gathered in going to tell them what it takes to get our Thompson, Chairman of the Federation of not willing to seriously organize people East Los Angeles it seemed to make a votes." OCTOBER 1966 THE MOVEMENT PAGE 5

CHICAGO POOR WHITES "My case worker said, "I didn't have landlords. The arbitration committee may - like urban renewal:' Continued from Page 3 anyt\:J.ing to do with you having all those not be able to collect all the rent from Ritchie Rothstein commented on the street lighting, or tO,wing away abandoned children. You'll just have to manage: tenants because the rents are still high, growing nationalism in the civil rights cars. "I told her I managed by not paying my Even if they could collect most or all of movement: "jOIN sees itself as part of the JOIN first took on two community-wide rent. They say the difference between the the rent, the kind of repairs needed are civil rights movement and is probably the problems: day-labor hiring halls and day poor and the rich is that the poor don't out of reach. , only poor white organization that does see care centers. The timing was wrong. know to manage. But we don't have any A few strong organizers have come out that. The neighborhood sees JOIN as JOIN picketed a War on Poverty agency money to manage. People just give up. of these tenant actions. They have exper­ part of the civil rights movement. before the people in the community knew Then they can't manage anything at all. ience in dealing with landlords and can "The problem is that, while this is what the War was about. The issues did , "When I got a job for $71.07 a week, organize other tenants inthe neighborhood, going on, JOIN'S relationship to the civil not catch fire in the area. my case worker wanted me to work over­ Success comes as much from the devel­ rights movement has become difficult be­ Then JOIN tried very localissues. They tiIlle to make more money. If I work over-. opment of new organizers as it does with cause of the increasing nationalism with­ held an election on one block asking if time, whose going to feed the kids and achieving immediate demands. in it. people wanted a playground. "Of course, ~ clean the house?" "These are difficult to reconcile in Rothstein recalls, "the playground won by INTERNAL PROBLEMS JOIN, which is built on the assumption something like 250 to 4 of all those who HOUSING The first problem JOIN had run up that a poor white organization acting on .voted. But having taken that vote, we didn't In the Spring of 1966 JOIN b~gan to against was young men who hung around the same issues as ghetto organizations have any idea how to get a playground. organize rent strikes and initiated col­ the corner before the office was opeJ;,led can make a power contribution to the "We took the ballots to the alderman and lective bargaining agreements between and who were encouraged to hang around movement. This could be nullified if this we took them to 'the city hall,' but we tenants and landlords. there because JOIN organizers had some aid were refused by the movement in the didn't get a playground. We learned not to "The tactic we planned," Rennie Davis sort of idea that they might be part of a city which would refuse it at this point." stick our necks out around issues we had said, "was that, if the landlord refused to base for the organization they wanted to no chance of winning. ~ sign a contract with the tenants, specifying build. ORGANIZING PEOPLE what needed to be done in the bUilding, JOIN staff were being 'constantly beaten Comments by Rennie Davis: "There WELFARE tenants would deliver rent money to the up by those young men, the female staff have been incredible advances. This com­ In June, 1965 JOIN began orgamzmg mayor. The theory was that, if the land­ was often molested, the office was set on munity has come to accept the idea of a around welfare grievances. "JOIN has been lord couldn't or wouldn't maintain his fire a few times, and the guys would get community organization basedon different willing to do very unpolitical service property, it was the mayor's respon­ in knife fights with other oommunity people precepts than those agencies in this neigh-' operations as a means of involving people s ibility. The effect of announcing our who came into the office. People JOiN borhood. There are several thousandpeo­ in getting checks released, getting some­ intentions was to have the building crawl­ was trying to reach inthecommunitywere pIe who have been involved in some real one's furniture, moving people and things· ing with city inspectors. scared away. way and who in some way consider them­ of that sort." Welfare mothers became ac­ "k picket was set up ih front of one "I think their conception of JOIN waS a selves members of JOIN. They payoff customed to calling the welfare department building, and it was made clear to the kind of social club, particularly during the for the organizer comes 4 to 6 months and solving their own and others' prob­ landlord that, if he tried to enter the first summer we opened the office, There after his initial contact. I don't think a lems. A welfare committee was formed: building, he risked personal harm. It was were 15 or 16 young college women that community <:!rganization can expect to get its members are now calling for recipient also made clear to. the manager of the were very attractive to them. The girls serious results, especially in a tradi­ control ()f the welf~re dEPartment. building that he risked certain danger to would try to get tbe guys involved with tionally unorganized area, in a period himself and his family, if he attempted JOIN, but because the girls wouldn't make shorter than two to five years. to collect rents and do anything otherthan it with them, real conflicts developed, "The frustration of the organizer is his janitorial duties. "Furthermore, the male organizers being continually told that the baby is sick, "The landlord was given five days to were not able to deal with toughness, We the rent must be paid, or that somebody sign before we would go to the mayor, On would back down because we could not has got to go to work, and therefore the the fourth day tenants went to the land­ handle ourselves in street fights, 1;hus we meeting can't be attended. lords neighborhood and posted placards had no ability to commanda sense of order "Organizing is the act of constantly announcing that the guy at such and such in the office, going back. It's the process of hundreds an address was a slumlord. The placards These were problems of class, Middle­ of people learning why, trying to teach also announced a rally to be held in his clas's chicks didn't want to make it with themselves what it means to build an neighborhood on the fifth day. poor white guys; middle-class guys organization based on people's strengths, couldn't deal with the violence in a poor and becoming very frustrated by that, community. and leaving the organization for a long JOIN organizers were also reluctant to period of time and then coming back. make demands on anyone from the com­ "It's the process of community people munity - like leave the office when you're accepting the students' .ideology, which is drunk, so that welfare mothers can have a that community people should run their meeting. organization, and haVing a blow-up ses­ sion where all the students are dumped on as the community people let their anger GOODFELLOWS BREAK AWAY go for three or four hours. The Uptown GoodfeIlows, a group of "The next day nothing ha:: changed. The young men working against police brutality same patterns exist. The same people and for a civilian review board, grew out continue to dominate. Nobody has reaIly of a conflict between the students and the restructured the organization. But that community. process happening over and over again, "During a housing meeting," says Mike gradually begins to make a realdifference James, "the students were arguing against in the organization.~ taking action in a particular building. The community people wanted to go ahead. The adverhsement committee voted by one vote to go ahead, Two of us continued to argue, and some­ this space for sale how our views prevailed. $4 "That started it. The students were attacked for dominating JOIN, and agroup THE MOVEMENT of the young guys formed their own group, 449 14th Street the Uptown Goodfellows. They said that San Francisco, Calif. 94103' students could serve as advisors when

00 asked." ,~ • The Goodfellows' "Stop Cops" program HANG A REVOLUTIONARY 6' is three months old. Their first action IN YOUR LIVING ROOM! was a march of 200 people on the local police station. o o JOIN recently got some monty to hire ..c 0.. community people as fuIl-time organizers, This wiIl aid the transitionfrom a student­ Jefter raid on JOIN office, JOIN memb"'rs march on Mayor Daly's office to protest run to a community-run organization, police brutality, housing conditions.

Mike James reports that when the In­ "On the fifth day at six a.m. the land­ POOR WHITES" AND NEGROES dependent Union of public Aid Employees lord called a JOIN organizer, after seeing went out on strike for thirteen days, the placards all around his community ~d. "When we first came into the communi­ claiming among other things that ci;lse agreed to sign a contract. ty," says Rennie Davis, "we felt that or­ workers understood the problems of wel­ "The contract was for one year and ganizing poor whites- around economic is­ f are better than administrators and there­ spelled out a time schedule for making sues could get them to see common prob­ fore should have a say in policy making different improvements. A union grievance lems with poor blacks and then overcome matters, the JOIN welfare union said, committee was formed headed by a their racism. "We support the IUPAE because they want steward, who was elected by the tenants, "That conception wasn't naive at alL to help make a humane welfare system. "Once a monththe arbitration committee There are very few explicit racists in We also feel that we as recipients under.,... would meet composed of the' landlord, a JOIN. And those that come into the or­ stand the problems of welfare better than tenant, and one person agreeable·to both. ganization with pretty strong racist ideas either the administrators or case workers, It would handle problems that occurred begin to work those out on a personal and we should have the right to organize during the month; its decisions were basis' due to conversations, discussions and have a say in how the welfare system binding:' meetings and contact through the organ­ Is being ru~.· JOIN won a court injunction against one ization. One of the welfare mothers, Mrs. Rich­ landlord who refused to abide by the con­ "Young guys meet with Negro gang guys Tired of those Hollywood Heroes? ardson, who has six children, ran down tract he had signed, An arbitration com­ from the West and South sides, They are Get a bigger than life-size \22 x 28 the problem of welfare to me: mittee met and voted 2 to 1 to have the impressed by how tough' the guys talk; inches) picture of Che" Guevara. Wor­ "I didn't pay my rent last week, because tenants take control of the building and to they're both after the same man, funda­ ship him, throw darts at him, whatever I had to buy five pair of shoes and school use rent money to hire people in the mentally. your political views are, no home supplies. The welfare doesn't give you building to make the necessary repairs, "What we can do on the race issue is ~hould be without this portrait! enough. And the problem with the case The committee also appointed its own build the organization untilit becomes such Only $1.50. Special offer: both the worker is that they never had a problem, manager for the building, a power in the neighborhood that it be­ portrait of Che'" and a subscription to They learn from a book. They'll tell you The tactic of signing a contract with a comes clear that the community should THE MOVEMENT for only $3.00 how to live on it. But they wouldn't live landlord has been a partialfailure, Tenants in fact mobilize around an issue that Write to: THE MOVEMENT PRESS, on it. They couldn't. are still poor and still intimidated by the Negroes and non-Negroes can move around. 449 14th Street, San Francisco, CA PAGE 6 THE MOVEMENT OCTOBER 1966

• How To Research a Rural Community •

by Ken Blum the city. Also use the housing census. tions, crossing of party lines, etc. products, movements by truck, train, We in the Student Committee on Agri­ 9. INDEX OF LICENSED CONTRACTORS, ship, arrivals in produce markets in This is a list of things to read: cultural Labor printed forms with all State Department of Employment: Look 42 cities across the country, auction 1. FORTUNE'S 1963-1 (ANDLATEREDI­ the census information on it and then up the local labor contractors and li­ prices, amounts in cold storage: avail­ TIONS). Plant and Product Directory typed in the figures for all the towns censed camp operators. Later ask the able for individual crops daily. Useful of the 1000 largest U.S. Industrial in Tulare County. There is some good farm workers how much each pays, for understanding what the ran'cher is Corporations. -- First use the geo­ information here, like distribution of how they cheat the workers and which doing the harvest. You must keep your graphical index for the county you are income, rents paid, age of houses, toil­ ranchers they work for. eyes open for other reports; for exam­ in. It will list all industrial plants and ets inside the house or outside, etc. 10.LIST OF PACKINGHOUSES AND COLD ple, the California Canned Peach As­ the approximate number of employees STORAGES: Tulare County's Chamber sociation report tells the weekly prob­ in each. Then use the company listing • of Commerce, for example, put out a lems around 50 (an estimate) sub­ to find the other plants of the corpora­ book of all cold storages and the ap­ stantial middle class ranchers face tion. Refer if necessary to Moody's proximate car loads produced at each. with the California Packing Corpora­ Industrials for more information on its Use also' 'Directory of deciduous fruit tion and its control of the peach mar­ capitalization, sales, profits, subsidi­ and grape grower-shippers in major ket. aries, etc. Both of these reference California producing districts, 1958 15.THE CALIFORNIA FARMER: is essen­ works are available in most good city season" of the Federal-State Market tial reading on agriculture and labor. libraries and in most stock broker News Service, Fresno Office, the Pack­ There are three editions: Southern, offices. ers Red Book, or the Blue Book. (The Central, and Northern. 2. CITY DIRECTORIES: Use the local last two cost $150; apiece, and are only 16.CHECK THE LOCAL CHAMBER OF city directory to find where everyone available in places like the Giannini COMMERCE MEMBERSHIP or at least lives by streets. If you purchase a city library of Berkeley, banks, and Feder­ the officers. Look them up in the city map from the county road department, aI-State Market News Service Offices, directory. See if any are on the boards ~ .\ for example, it is very easy to put It has credit ratings, speed of pay- of a local bank. everyone's name onto the map. When 17.CHECK THE OFFICERS OF THE LO­ you find the name of a city council­ CAL FARM BUREAU. You might check man, look it up to see his occupation. if they own a packing house, how much It usually lists the exact employer. land they own, what crops they are in Using information from the chamber and how much labor they employ. of commerce if he is a laborer at a 18.IN THE LOCAL COUNTY SEAT YOU local industry, you can get his approxi­ ments, approximate dollar value of CAN FIND COURT RECORDS, mort­ mate income. sales and car and truck lots, These gage records, records of the purchase 3. STANDARD INDUSTRIAL SURVEY are two most valu a b 1e reference of property, crop mortgages and the SUMMARY REPORT, available at most works.) like. Learn how to use the indices and local chamber of commerces. Tells the l1.AGRICULTURAL CENSUS, U.S, GOV­ check on some of the local large ranch­ names of local industries and the ERNMENT, for the county you are in. ers and such companies as DiGiorgio, approximate wage scale. It also tells Tells the number of ranchers in your Clayton, Anderson and Co., Cal Pack the extent of unionization. There is county, value of products grown, etc and the like to see such things as an very little unionization in California's It does not come out in the same years eminent domain fight that might have rural town. Most unionists are in the as the regular census, Good statistical revealed the value of their land. building trades, like carpenters, and materia!. 19.5ubscribe to the TOWN NEWSPAPER often work on public works projects. 12.'1'0 FIND OUT ABOUT LOCAL LAW­ and the nearest daily of an agricul­ 4. COUNTY ASSESSORS OFFICE: Check YERS, USE MARTINDALE AND HUB­ tural center. For the San joaquin Val­ the land ownership and assessedvalua­ 6. PRECINCT LISTS: Get them for each BELL'S DIRECTORY which can be ley, the Fresno Bee is the voice of tion of anyone in the county. These precinct from the local county clerk found at most city libraries, Use the agriculture. Other papers to read are records are open to anyone. Have for about 5¢ each. yellow pages of the phone book for the Bakersfield Californian, the San someone in the office show you how to 7. CITY ORDINANCES; FINE SCHEDULE, lawyers' names. Use Martindale and Francisco Chronicle, and the L.A. use the records. You can draw maps of COURT DOCKET, CITY COUNCIL MI­ Hubbell's; you can find their important Times. A good researcher probably local ranchers fields, for example. NUTES: Check city council men for clients and whom they might b~ speak­ reads the New York Times and the The usual percentage of evaluation last ten years, read in the minutes who ing or acting for in a given situation. Wall Street j otirnal daily. is about 22%, hence to find the ap­ comes to city council meetings, who 13.WEEKLY WAGE REPORTS OF THE Suggested Readings: praised valuation, multiply by 4-1/2. takes part in decision making. Read STATE DEPARTMENT OF EMPLOY­ 20., CARE AND FEEDING OF Look up property of local city coun­ the city budget, where does the money MENT will help you keep up with crop POWER STRUCTURES; The LAFOL­ cilmen for example. It comes in handy come from, whom is it spent on, what movements' and wages, and will help LETTE REPORTS: U.S. Senate, Com­ as propaganda. Also use to check social cleavages are there in the town. you understand better the migration of mittee on Education and Labor, 76th ownership of labor camps, apartments 8. READ THROUGH BACK ISSUES OF the local farm workers. Congress, "Violations of Free Speech and rural slums. THE LOCALNEWSPAPER, checkelec­ 14.FEDERAL-STATE MARKET NEWS and the Rights of Labor." 5. CENSUS: Use the California book, under tion returns by precincts on various SERVICE REPORTS -- available in Carey McWilliams, FACTORIES IN THE economic and social conditions. It is social issues, like Proposition 14. Note almost any major city, in State Agri­ FIELDS, THE MOVEMENT, EL MAL­ divided according to the population of turn out in primaries, general elec- cultural bUilding, includes prices for CRIADO, FARM LABOR. BEFORE AND AFTER THE SCHENLEY CONTRACT DELANO: THE MOVEMENT inter­ camps and hauling garbage. In the my payme'1ts, A: Camps have the same rent ($Il a month), This is an interesting story: my viewed Daniel Sanchez, a farm­ summer we worked 16 hr. days, and but before the strike it took two weeks 6 day weeks. brother--in-law was speaying sulphur to get something fixed. Now they come worker for the Schenley Corporation. Q: When the strike first started, what before the' contract was signed. He the next day. Here are the questions we asked did the worker-s think? was driving his jeep back with sulphur Q: What was the walk-out about last week? and his answers, assisted by his A: l talked to many apd they asked me, all over the windshield and got in a A: They said that there would have to wife Gloria, a Di Giorgio worker what do you think about the strike wreck: So Schenley fired him. Many be five workers instead offour workers who voted for the NFW A in the Danny? I told them I thought the strike . people wrecked jeeps because they for every crew to pick grapes and August' 30 election. was a pretty good thing, that it was for couldn't: see through the sulphur on put them in gondolas. They pay by the poor workers. That is was to the windows and they were fired too. the gondola so it means less money Q: How many years have you worked at help the workers. There was a strike After the contract my brother-in-law because five men can't do it much Schenley? before this in 1952. After the strike went to Cesar Chavez and the Union faster than four. A: Seven years. they cut the work back to two hours forced Schenley to rehire him. Tuesday morning the workers came Q. What were some of the problems at a day and five day week and they fired Q: Now that there is a union do bosses out in four men crews and the boss Schenley before the strike? all the people that were active in the treat you different? told them to get five men or they A: Men worked .15-16 hours a day and strike. A: Oh, yes, better. Now this ranch has couldn't work. So they all walked off we were fired if we didn't. The boss Q: Did the NFWA ~ver a3k you to stop only one foreman, He only comes one the job. (The men are back working sometimes called us to come out to w<-,rkIng during the Strike? time a day, when you sign your time now because Schenley has agreed to

:> work at 12 midnight for a few hours A: Yes. But I told them t!la'; I had so cards. Before, they had six'foremen. allow them to work that way). and then I came home and would get ma,1y bills to pay that I couldn't do In the winter, there were only 6 men Q: Are the men happy about the union? up to go to work at 6 a.m. again. it. I told them,to give me three so there was one foreman for every A: Only men who don't want union are Q: What were working conditions like months to pay my bills and before man. They sat in their pickups and big-shots: The foremen who get their before the strike? then the contract was signed. . drank coffee and they would take naps own pick-up, have easy jobs and good A: In the pruning, one had to do ·two rows Q: What did you think of the strike? or listen to the radio and make sure pay. Everybody else is glad. Last a day. If you couldn'~ then you were A; Well, they fIght for the poor man. that you were working. Before the year this man was air pruning, a fired. It was very hard to do. Not F'')I" the human d'l:nity. Du.-il1g the contract Schenley didn't treat the Mexi­ very dangerous job. He cut his thumb very many people could do it. I was strike wrl~rl I 1'18,' a crew pusher the can workers good, They gave them off and the company didn't pay for his a crew pusher at this time and the bosses toJ.j me to nh~ my crew the worst jobs and put the whites on medical expense. He had many bills bosses could make me tell the men to the middle of the field SD that the the easiest jobs. Now almost all the to pay. He went back to Texas and they were fired. pickets coulch't talk 10 them. 81it I workers are Mexicans. They even have came back here after the contract. Didn't this put you in bad with the men? took them right to the e.jg~ of the roaJ. some of the good jobs. He went to the union and now t!;\e Well, no because I would explain to AJ 1 but 6 men of my 30 man crew One man I know who has worked for company has to pay something like them that the bosses made me do this walked off. The boss was so mad Schenley longer than any other, 11 $2000 - $3000. Last year one day it and they would say, o.k. Danny, we he told me he would fire me next time years, was always given the hardest was 117 hot. They put me to work understand. if I did it again. jobs and he was a good worker. He in the sun cutting johnson grass. The Before the strike were men laid off Q: How tong have you been a member of had had a vacation. Now he is working next day when I didn't show up my in the slow season? NFWA? as a crew pusher and has just had friend told the boss I was sick because There were only six that didn't get A: Since just before Schenley signed the his first paid vacation under the new of the heat. He said it was not hot, laid off. I worked the whole year coatract, but I have been W;th them contract. and my friend said that's right, it's not round. In the winter I worked 8 hr. from the firse, I was scared during Q: Have the camps changed at all since hot in your office. days, five days a week, cleaning up the the wi.nter months to j'Jin because of the contract? OCTOBER 1966 THE MOVEMENT PAGE 7

A MOVEMENT ANALYSIS: The "'Power and Politics" Conference

illS ANGELES: There was a lotofpoli­ At 5 Saturday afternoon, the poor were tics and no power at the conference called ready to forget the whole thing. They by the Californians for liberal Repre­ caucused in the patio outside. They were sentation on the weekend of at angry and talked disgustedly. ''If this is East Los Angeles City College. politics," one said, "I don't want nothing The 2500 people who came fell into to do with it." several groups: the CLR-California De­ "The only way to get jobs is to burn mocratic Council people who were mad the city down," saidanother, realistically. at Governor Brown for busting up the CDC; They elected Mark Comfort of Oakland the organizations on the left (Communist the Caucus Chairman and all went inside to Party, Progressive Labor, etc.); the Ro­ put their demands directly before' the bert Scheer following - and the poor. steering committee. "If we don't get There weren't too many poor there. what we want," one person said, "we're The Conference did not put itself out to g?ing to stop this whole conference." make sure that they were represented: Then an interesting change happened. Governor PAT BROWN: no one at thE few expenses were paid (at the end of the As soon as they faced Don Rothenberg of convention wanted to support him, bU1 conference, Katherine Himes of the Rich­ CLR and the steering committee, the tone they cou Idn 't agree how not to suppor1 mond Welfare Rights Organization was of militance died. Even Mark Comfort him. trying to find someone to give her $11 to lost his angry tone of 30 minutes before. get home). Babysitting money, travel ex­ The poor had a chance,to shake the con­ the poor got rides and went home. penses and food were needed: it was the ference, to end the furious bickering about THE MOVEMENT askedDave Williams, end of the month, the tightest time for Brown and Reagan and Reagan and Brown. an organizer for the Richmond WRO, why those on welfare. Several hundred managed But they settled for 15' minutes of time he came. "I came for money to pay poor to attend at least the first two days. that evening to make a "presentation," people to organize the poor," he said. Due to the uprising, no one from Hunters and a list of demands. They were given "What did you get from the conference? 'we Point was there, and very few came from 7 seats on the steering committee, which asked. "Nothing," he said. "In fact, I Los Angeles. Most of the poor were mem­ had no meaning since the committee was lost some money:' bers of the Federation of the Poor from to run the conference and the conference "They weren't interested in us on our Richmond, Oakland and Monterey. was over half through. terms," he continued. "The poor didn't By Saturday afternoon it was clear that They made their presentation, were come here to learn how to organize. We the conference was not going to concern applauded (most loudly when they came. came down here all friends,andnowwe've itself with the problems of California's out opposing the war in Vietnam). With been split up by the conference. Some of poor. The majority of the conferees were that interruption aside, the convention us think that being on the Continuations there for a political bloodletting: they burst into a yelling chaos of debate on Committee means something, so they're were going to get Brown if that was all the governor's race. fighting among themselves for tho s e rn they did. And that was all they did. During the evening the Brown people seats." 0. 0. Most of the morning discussion groups walked out in protest and the CLR people Katherine Himes said, "We'll go to :.c n. went round the mullberry bush: do we walked out in protest. No one noticed that the first few meetings of the Continua­ § support Brown? boycott him? take a hands­ an· hour before, the poor had gone away. tions Committee. We'll tell them we want ."i off position? actively oppose him? Build­ They were hungry and tired ·and they went CONTINUED PAGE 4, COLUMN I ing an organization was not discussed, home. As wave after wave of boos, cheers strategy was not mentioned, fund-raising and applause swept over the auditorium, was avoided. They talked about Fascism ~n angry Katherine Himes, of Rich­ a lot, and Germany in 1933, and the Sproul mond Welfare Rights, speaking at a Hall steps. Now and then someone would caucus of the poor at the CLR con­ mention "the masses," but no one talked ~ellce in West LA. with the "masses" who were there.

FIRE ON BULLDOZERS

HEMP HILL, KENTUCKY--Strip min­ ing Company, on the grounds that strip Kentucky legislature contain no provisions vegetables and raised a few chickens ing is about to destroy the water supply mining on the hills behind the town will to deal with this kind of emergency. and hogs. The area has been transformed of this East Kentucky community and destroy their only source of water. Legal methods which the people could into a muddy crater. displace the 86 families who live here. The water comes from an abandoned use to stop the miners are either too The people of Hemp Hillare determined And lawyers say there is no legis­ mine which has been dammed up to form expensive or too time-consuming; they to resist the destruction of their com­ lation which can stop the mining before a reservoir. It will be destroyed when say that by the time a suit can be filed munity. For most of them, their three­ the damage is done. the miners cut through a small outcrop and an injunction obtained, the damage and four-room houses represent their Residents have petitioned the Kentucky of coal on the edge of the old mine. would probably be done. only savings. They purchased the houses Department of Nat u I'a 1 Resources to But the strip mining permit has al­ In the three w~eks since the company from the Elkhorn Mining Company during exempt their area from a permit issued . ready been issued. And amended strip entered the area, bulldozers have de­ the 50's, after the mine closed down. to the Virginia-based Greer-Ellison Min- mining regulations passed last year by .stroyed a slope where the people grew All but one of the families signed the petition, but few really expect it to suc­ ceed. ARMED RESISTANCE Because of the financial and legal dif­ TEAMSTERS BRING IN SCABS, SIGN CONTRACT ficulties of fighting the companies, most mountain communities have offered little DE LANO - The recently formed United Earlimart property. The workers were TEAMSTER SCABS resistance when the strip miners moved Farm Workers Organizing Committee (UF receiving $6 per ton. They complained to The Company fields were empty on Mon­ in. But occasionally the people decide WOC, AFL-CIO) is again in conflict with their foreman of poor picking conditions day and a picket line of about 150 people to fight, and sometimes they win. the Teamsters Union over the organizing and later asked one of the owaers for a formed on that day and again on Tuesday. In nearby Knott County last year, local of farm workers. Teamsters, working raise in pay. On Tuesday, scabs appeared, brought to people resisted the strip miners. Women hand in hand with the Perelli-Minetti and "The growers agreed to discuss the in­ the fields in Teamster buses and accom­ sat in front of the bulldozers and were Sons Corporation, have imported strike crease in pay with his brother and meet panied by armed Teamster guards. Team­ dragged away to jail. Snipers fired at breakers onto the Company's 1500 acre with the workers and rernn the decision sters created a disturbance at the picket the machinery from the hillsides. The Earlimart ranch and have announced the at 6:30 a.m. OIl 9-9-66. Agreement was line which increased when some workers company armored its bulldozers and tried signing of a contract with Perelli-Minetti. not reached during this meeting and the refused to cross the line and Teamsters to carryon. But eventually aroused pub­ Cesar Chavez, Director of UFWOC, workers walked out of te Vineyard and tried to force them into the fields. The lic opinion forced them to agree not to which represents the striking workers at refused to work until their demands had police arrested 3 picketers. begin strip mining in any new areas in Perelli-Minetti has called for a national been met. At this point William Grami, Director the county. boycott of Company products until the "Later in the morning on 9-9-66, the of the Teamster's Farm Workers Union, "We ought to just do like those old Company will negotiate. This boycott has workers contacted UFWOC and asked that announced that his Union had signed a women did over yonder in Knott County,". been endorsed by the Executive Council the Union represent the workers in nego­ contract with Perelli-Minetti. According said one 'Hemp Hill woman. "We ought of the AFL-CIO. tiations with the growers. The Union to the San Francisco Chronicle, the actual to get our guns and go over there and The Perelli-Minetti ranch is one of the has furnished a list of 35 workers who signing took place on Sunday, the 9th while tell 'em to git. I can shoot a .38. We'll few in the Delano area which was not hit Signed an authorization request. Affi­ the Company was still supposed to be dis- go up and they'll come off in a hurry." When the. De 1a n 0 grape s trike began davits are on file from ten of these . cussing UFWOC's demands.; No workers Many people agree. Others would last September, but almost all the work­ workers stating that they left their jobs were consulted about the Teamsters con­ prefer to wait and see the effect of ers on the ranch are NFWA (now UFWOC)" because of this dispute. "According to the tract but Grami stated that that was not their petition before taking more direct members. That a legitimate strike exists statements of the Union and the workers, necessary because most. of the workers action. and that UFWOC is the union which 2 Union representatives and 2 of the were already Teamster members. The "Whatever we decide to do probably legitimately represents the strikers is workers met with three of the owners at Teamster-imported scabs were indeed won't do much good unless people out­ amply documented i,1 the State Dept. of 10 p.m. on 9-10-66. Verbal demands were Teamster me m bel's, but the strikers s ide the county start trying to influence Employme1lt Certification of Trade Dis­ made for union recognition and increase themselves are not, nor are they in any the government," one man said. "We pute, #66-69-1OA.. The Certification states (in pay) to $9 per ton. The growers sta­ way included in the contract though many don't have much influence alone:' that: ted that demands would be discussed with of them are long-time workers for Perelli- Local leaders said that one way to "As of 9-8-66, approximately 48 work­ the growers' attorneys on 9-13-66 after ,Minetti. help is to write a protest to Gov. Edward ers were engaged in picking grapes on the which the Union would be notified:' Breathitt, Frankfort, Ky. PAGE 8 THE MOVEMENT OCTOBER 1966

PEOPLE AND POWER JA CK MINNIS SOUTH AFRICA- THE NEXT VIETNAM? "The next stage in the gen­ domination, or having.a presence eral struggle to liberate Southern in , or finding WHO-" -- .. GETS. THE MONEY Africa may bring about blatant an accommodation for Mozam­ Western imperialist military bique, Angola and Rhodesia, intervention not unlike that or ending the bloodbath in South FOR THE NAPALM? which Africa has already wit­ A f ric a, they may enter the The movement in Redwood They are men who contribute to the most nessed in Gabon, and in the conflict. " City, California to stop the installation respectable charities and in every way rape of Stanleyville. The im­ -from "Spotlight on South of a napalm plant has identified the comport themselves as models of civic perialist powers have a gigantic Africa", Pvblished by the Af­ United Aircraft Corporation as the parent rectitude. In the cour~ of pursuing . stake here and on the pretext rican National Congress of. of the napalm maker. A corporation is the logic and objectives of the economic of saving the High Commission South Africa, Sept. 16, 1966. an abstract thing, a legal fiction. Cor­ institutions they control they also become Territories ftom South African porations are inert. The men who run wanton and brutal killers. So long as the corporations are the ones who do such economic institutions continue to things; it is playing right into .their exist, men will run them, and all the hands to accept as a reality the cor­ horror and destruction which their ob­ TORTURE·IN porate fiction with which they cloak their jectives require will continue to be per­ murderous pursuits. lf you go behind the petrated on the people of the world. SOUTH AFRICA corporate facade - United Aircraft Corp.­ .by Jeremy Westall you find living, breathing men who run its affairs and who know perfectly well Recently Lord Caradon, Britain's representative at the United Nations, opposed an what they are doing.. The board of oil blockade of South Africa because it would not be in Britain's interests to do so. directors of United Aircraft interlocks This has been known to those who have investigated the nature of South Africa for with two of the best-known insurance some time, indeed South Africa herself has spent a fair amount of money reminding firms in the world--Aetna and Travelers. the British people of their involvement in South African prosperity. The Chairman of Travelers is George An advertisement that appeared in the Daily Telegraph on March 18th, 1963, and paid Champion, also chairman of the Rocke­ 'for by the South African Embassy in stated that: "Direct British investment fellers bank, Chase . Aetna is 1,000,000,000 pounds. The total foreign investment is 1,500,000,000". The adver­

is controlled by a lesser known but very 0 tisement did not say that in the year ending June 30th, 1963, 17,394 people w~re given -" important insurance company, Connecti­ (; 83,206 lashes in South Africa under an Act making wmpping compulsory for certain \ ,~ cut General, which, in turn, is controlled ..0 offences. (South African Star 27.2.65.) by the Morgan partners. The nature u The ildvertisement did however relate that in 1961 "Britain derived a profit of of the relationship between these insur­ -" 24,000,000 from direct investment as well as a profit of 18,900,000 from portfolio 0" and United Aircraft, indicates that actual t:= investment in South Africa." policy control of United resides in the 0 "Last year Britain exported 148,000,000 pounds worth of goods to South Africa and 0 directors of the two insurance companies. ..<: had a total favourable balance of trade of 33,000,000.· This made South Africa her Their control, in turn, appears to come no second best trading partner." Also the South African Embassy. reminded us that from the partners room at Morgan Stanley South Africa accounted for two-thirds of the "free world's" gold production. "As & Co. and from the board room of Chase usual, most of this was sent to London for sale." Manhattan Bank. To put the issue bluntly, we couldsaythat "Western capitalist interests are involved What the whole thing boils down to is In 1938 David Loth published a book in Southern Africa up to their necks" or that "British money, and British politicians, that these most prestigious and powerful called Public Plunder. It is an historical are building and defending apartheid". But they also defend and -<:ollaborate with families (Morgan and Rockefeller)persist survey of the men and institutions that the means to preserve apartheid--they are accessories to torture, murder and misery in the business of making, for a profit, have plundered the wealth, first of the beyond all words. the napalm which their armies use to United States, and then of the world. Rumours of things done to political prisoners inSouth Africa began to become public incinerate the people of Vietnam. The He ended it with these words: in 1964. Ten political prisoners alleged that South African security police were dividends paid them by United Aircraft "••. the alertness or indifference are at least partially paid into their of the bulk of the population will tax-exempt foundations, from where, decide whether the graft we tolerate WHO SAID THIS? again, they find their way into the pockets leads in .the direction of greater Asked what political program he stood for, this person replied, of the college professors and adminis­ private concentration of industrial trators who have charge of educatingyour wealth or preserves some slight eco­ "You can call it the anti-democratic system of dictatorship if you children•. nomic independence' for the average wish. In Italy it is called Fascism, in Germany National Socialism Thus it is easy enough to identify the citizen. At the end of the first road and in South Africa Christian Socialism." arch-criminals of the world, and to trace lies Fascist regimentation in the in­ ANSWER: Balthazar Johannes Vorster, new prime mlOlster of the mechanisins by which they keep their terest of big business, which will South Africa. The statement, reported by the New York Times hold on the minds and emotions of their then have acqUired the complete dom­ News Service, was made during World War II. subjects. And when the identification ination of government that is the is complete, what do we find? We find aim of all important graft. The se­ that the men who insist upon incinerating cond road has no end; it is the tread­ assaUlting, maltreating, and otherwise using third-degree methods on prisoners to babies in Vietnam are not war-crazed mill by which we maintain the status obtain information. One of the prisoners, a 90-day detainee, Mrs. Mary Moodley, military men, or fiends of any other quo in graft as in industrial organ­ said in her affidavit that she was forced to stand for 13 hours and told by the police description. They are men just like you ization until the evils of the system that they did not care if they made her mad, but they w0uld make her talk. and me who have wives and children and force us to detour into a third road-­ This last point seemed well underlined when a 90-day detainee, Suliman Saloojee, families whom they love and respect. Revolution." jumped from a seventh-floor window in security police headquarters while being questioned. The real impact of the torture revelations in prisons in South Africa was left to the Rand Daily Mailwhich printeda series of articles on the question. Harold Strachan, a former political prisoner, described his experiences in various prisons in which he had been held. A graduate art lecturer at two universities who had been a pilot in the South African Air Force held the ear of momy a person who would have dismissed any African as a liar. Appalling sanitary conditions, degrading treatment, frequent brutal assaults on African prisoners and the devastating effect of prolongedsolitary confinement on mental capacity were defined. Then the Head Warder at Cinderella Prison made a sworn statement to the South African Sunday Times (25.7.65): "I have seen electric-shock treatment being given The United Farm Workers Organizing to prisoners--as a punishment and in order to make them talk. Once a prisoner Committee asks that ~onsumers boycott has had the treatment he is prepared to sign anything." the products distributed by the Cali­ Another warder, Gysbert van Schalkwyk gave information to the Rand Daily Mail fornia Wine Association (see article on about electric shock treatment of prisoners. It wasn't long before he was in prison page 7). as an inm'1te for three years. An ex-convict, Isaac Setshedi, published an account of Please do not buy, sell or handle the prison experiences in the Rand Daily Mail which included allegations that prisoners following brands: were burned and given electric shocks by warders at Cinderella goaL He received a six month sentence. WINES: Two African prisoners who had laid charges of assault against a group of African Ambassador prisoners at Baviaanspoort prison were subsequently kicked and beaten, their heads Eleven Cellars were smashed against the floor and their bodies mutilated by three other prisoners. Red Rooster The guards outside heard nothing because the windows were closed. Greystone Amnesty International, in a report on conditions for political prisoners in South Guasti Africa over the last five years, suggests that they were Singled out for the worst Calwa treatment. Cells were often insanitary and overcrowded; food for Africans was often F. I. inadequate; searching was done in public; prisoners who reported sick did not always see a qualified doctor; exercise was often denied and even Bibles were sometimes BRANDIES: Withheld. Punishments had been imposed without proper investigation; letters had Ari stocrat been delayed or lost. The report states that electric shock treatment as well as A. R. Morrow other form~ of torture are used in interrogation extensively. Tribuno But to return to that most valuable advertisement from the South African Embassy. Victor Hugo "South Africa ensures considerable employment in key industries in Britain. Last year she bought 30,000 British motor vehicles." Also since 1960 South Africa has charged 7,659 political persons and 9,352 have been detained. If it is true that Britain's prosperity is dependent on South Afrka, and that the capitalist countries need South Africa's gold for their stability, then one might fairly say that we live in our prosperity only because our South African neighbours are pre­ pared to sink to the depths (and beyond) of human depraVity to maintain their foul, despicable and evil system of government. -reprinted from the British publication Anarchy._