Cape Cod and Islands Region

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Shoreline Characterization and Change Analyses Commonwealth of Massachusetts Executive Office of Energy and Environmental Affairs Cape Cod and Islands Region Coastal Erosion Commission Regional Coastal Erosion Commission Workshop Barnstable – June 3, 2014 Poster 1 of 4 SHORELINE CHARACTERIZATION

Bourne

Description Bourne % of Assessed Shoreline Coastal landforms, habitats, developed lands, and hardened coastal structures (collectively referred to BULKHEAD/SEAWALL as “classes”) were identified at the immediate, exposed shoreline for coastal Massachusetts. Protected REVETMENT harbors and estuaries were generally excluded. Classes were identified for every ~50 meters of ALL STRUCTURES assessed shoreline and summarized by percentage of total assessed shoreline for each community. COASTAL BANK

BEACH

DUNE Methods S A LT M A R S H MAINTAINED OPEN SPACE A transect approach was used to identify classes along the shoreline. This approach allows us to NATURAL UPLAND examine features along any given ~50 m segment of shoreline. It provides more information at a finer NON - RESIDENTIAL DEVELOPED scale than one where areal coverage of features are summarized within a specified shoreline buffer. RESIDENTIAL Analysis can be expanded to include additional information on the order in which features occur moving landward, their landward extents, and the rates at which they co-occur along the shoreline. 0 20 40 60 80 100

Data sources include the 2011 USGS-CZM Shoreline Change Project's contemporary shoreline (MHHW) Sandwich and transect data, CZM and DCR's Coastal Structures Inventory data, MassDEP's Wetlands map data, and MassGIS's 2005 Land Use data. Sandwich % of Assessed Shoreline

Shoreline Change Project transects generally occur every ~50 meters along exposed shoreline (Fig. 1). BULKHEAD/SEAWALL

Assessed shoreline segments begin and end with shoreline midpoints between transects (Fig. 2). REVETMENT

Attributes for hardened coastal structures, wetlands and landforms, and other land use/land cover ALL STRUCTURES

features were spatially joined to transects, then to their respective shoreline segments (Fig.3). More COASTAL BANK

than 50 classes from multiple source datasets were identified in this process. Classes were aggregated BEACH

into 11 bins to make analysis and reporting more meaningful. Data were further processed to generate DUNE

class/bin summaries, as shown in the community bar charts below. *Natural Upland is comprised of S A LT M A R S H

Forest and Brushland/Successional land cover classes only. MAINTAINED OPEN SPACE

NATURAL UPLAND

NON - RESIDENTIAL DEVELOPED

RESIDENTIAL

0 20 40 60 80 100 Barnstable Barnstable % of Assessed Shoreline

BULKHEAD/SEAWALL

REVETMENT

ALL STRUCTURES

COASTAL BANK

BEACH

DUNE

Fig. 1. Transects less than or equal to 200 m Fig. 2. Shoreline segments of ~ 50 m split S A LT M A R S H from intersection points (yellow) with using intersection midpoints (green). contemporary shoreline. MAINTAINED OPEN SPACE NATURAL UPLAND

NON - RESIDENTIAL DEVELOPED

RESIDENTIAL

0 20 40 60 80 100 Falmouth Mashpee Yarmouth Falmouth % of Assessed Shoreline Mashpee % of Assessed Shoreline Yarmouth % of Assessed Shoreline

BULKHEAD/SEAWALL BULKHEAD/SEAWALL BULKHEAD/SEAWALL

REVETMENT REVETMENT REVETMENT

ALL STRUCTURES ALL STRUCTURES ALL STRUCTURES

COASTAL BANK COASTAL BANK COASTAL BANK

BEACH BEACH BEACH

DUNE DUNE DUNE

S A LT M A R S H S A LT M A R S H S A LT M A R S H

MAINTAINED OPEN SPACE MAINTAINED OPEN SPACE MAINTAINED OPEN SPACE

NATURAL UPLAND NATURAL UPLAND NATURAL UPLAND

Fig. 3. Land use, wetland, and coastal structure (black line) features with assessed shoreline (blue NON - RESIDENTIAL DEVELOPED NON - RESIDENTIAL DEVELOPED NON - RESIDENTIAL DEVELOPED line) and transects. RESIDENTIAL RESIDENTIAL RESIDENTIAL

0 20 40 60 80 100 0 20 40 60 80 100 0 20 40 60 80 100 Shoreline Characterization and Change Analyses Commonwealth of Massachusetts Executive Office of Energy and Environmental Affairs Cape Cod and Islands Region Coastal Erosion Commission Regional Coastal Erosion Commission Workshop Barnstable – June 3, 2014 Poster 2 of 4 SHORELINE CHARACTERIZATION (CONTINUED)

Provincetown Truro Wellfleet

Provincetown % of Assessed Shoreline Truro % of Assessed Shoreline Wellfleet % of Assessed Shoreline

BULKHEAD/SEAWALL BULKHEAD/SEAWALL BULKHEAD/SEAWALL

REVETMENT REVETMENT REVETMENT

ALL STRUCTURES ALL STRUCTURES ALL STRUCTURES

COASTAL BANK COASTAL BANK COASTAL BANK

BEACH BEACH BEACH

DUNE DUNE DUNE

S A LT M A R S H S A LT M A R S H S A LT M A R S H

MAINTAINED OPEN SPACE MAINTAINED OPEN SPACE MAINTAINED OPEN SPACE

NATURAL UPLAND NATURAL UPLAND NATURAL UPLAND

NON - RESIDENTIAL DEVELOPED NON - RESIDENTIAL DEVELOPED NON - RESIDENTIAL DEVELOPED

RESIDENTIAL RESIDENTIAL RESIDENTIAL

0 20 40 60 80 100 0 20 40 60 80 100 0 20 40 60 80 100

Eastham Orleans Chatham

Eastham % of Assessed Shoreline Orleans % of Assessed Shoreline Chatham % of Assessed Shoreline

BULKHEAD/SEAWALL BULKHEAD/SEAWALL BULKHEAD/SEAWALL

REVETMENT REVETMENT REVETMENT

ALL STRUCTURES ALL STRUCTURES ALL STRUCTURES

COASTAL BANK COASTAL BANK COASTAL BANK

BEACH BEACH BEACH

DUNE DUNE DUNE

S A LT M A R S H S A LT M A R S H S A LT M A R S H

MAINTAINED OPEN SPACE MAINTAINED OPEN SPACE MAINTAINED OPEN SPACE

NATURAL UPLAND NATURAL UPLAND NATURAL UPLAND

NON - RESIDENTIAL DEVELOPED NON - RESIDENTIAL DEVELOPED NON - RESIDENTIAL DEVELOPED

RESIDENTIAL RESIDENTIAL RESIDENTIAL

0 20 40 60 80 100 0 20 40 60 80 100 0 20 40 60 80 100

Brewster Harwich Dennis

Brewster % of Assessed Shoreline Harwich % of Assessed Shoreline Dennis % of Assessed Shoreline

BULKHEAD/SEAWALL BULKHEAD/SEAWALL BULKHEAD/SEAWALL

REVETMENT REVETMENT REVETMENT

ALL STRUCTURES ALL STRUCTURES ALL STRUCTURES

COASTAL BANK COASTAL BANK COASTAL BANK

BEACH BEACH BEACH

DUNE DUNE DUNE

S A LT M A R S H S A LT M A R S H S A LT M A R S H

MAINTAINED OPEN SPACE MAINTAINED OPEN SPACE MAINTAINED OPEN SPACE

NATURAL UPLAND NATURAL UPLAND NATURAL UPLAND

NON - RESIDENTIAL DEVELOPED NON - RESIDENTIAL DEVELOPED NON - RESIDENTIAL DEVELOPED

RESIDENTIAL RESIDENTIAL RESIDENTIAL

BULKHEAD/SEAWALL BULKHEAD/SEAWALL

REVETMENT REVETMENT

ALL STRUCTURES ALL STRUCTURES

COASTAL BANK COASTAL BANK

BEACH BEACH

DUNE DUNE

S A LT M A R S H S A LT M A R S H

MAINTAINED OPEN SPACE MAINTAINED OPEN SPACE

NATURAL UPLAND NATURAL UPLAND

NON - RESIDENTIAL DEVELOPED NON - RESIDENTIAL DEVELOPED

RESIDENTIAL RESIDENTIAL

0 20 40 60 80 100 0 20 40 60 80 100

Aquinnah West Tisbury Aquinnah % of Assessed Shoreline West Tisbury % of Assessed Shoreline

BULKHEAD/SEAWALL BULKHEAD/SEAWALL

REVETMENT REVETMENT

ALL STRUCTURES ALL STRUCTURES

COASTAL BANK COASTAL BANK

BEACH BEACH

DUNE DUNE

S A LT M A R S H S A LT M A R S H

MAINTAINED OPEN SPACE MAINTAINED OPEN SPACE

NATURAL UPLAND NATURAL UPLAND

NON - RESIDENTIAL DEVELOPED NON - RESIDENTIAL DEVELOPED

RESIDENTIAL RESIDENTIAL

0 20 40 60 80 100 0 20 40 60 80 100

Tisbury Oak Bluffs Tisbury % of Assessed Shoreline Oak Bluffs % of Assessed Shoreline

BULKHEAD/SEAWALL BULKHEAD/SEAWALL

REVETMENT REVETMENT

ALL STRUCTURES ALL STRUCTURES

COASTAL BANK COASTAL BANK

BEACH BEACH

DUNE DUNE

S A LT M A R S H S A LT M A R S H

MAINTAINED OPEN SPACE MAINTAINED OPEN SPACE

NATURAL UPLAND NATURAL UPLAND

NON - RESIDENTIAL DEVELOPED NON - RESIDENTIAL DEVELOPED

RESIDENTIAL RESIDENTIAL

0 20 40 60 80 100 0 20 40 60 80 100 Nantucket Edgartown Nantucket % of Assessed Shoreline Edgartown % of Assessed Shoreline

BULKHEAD/SEAWALL BULKHEAD/SEAWALL

REVETMENT REVETMENT

ALL STRUCTURES ALL STRUCTURES

COASTAL BANK COASTAL BANK

BEACH BEACH

DUNE DUNE

S A LT M A R S H S A LT M A R S H

MAINTAINED OPEN SPACE MAINTAINED OPEN SPACE

NATURAL UPLAND NATURAL UPLAND

NON - RESIDENTIAL DEVELOPED NON - RESIDENTIAL DEVELOPED

RESIDENTIAL RESIDENTIAL

0 20 40 60 80 100 0 20 40 60 80 100 Shoreline Characterization and Change Analyses Commonwealth of Massachusetts Executive Office of Energy and Environmental Affairs Cape Cod and Islands Region Coastal Erosion Commission Regional Coastal Erosion Commission Workshop Barnstable – June 3, 2014 Poster 4 of 4 SHORELINE CHANGE

76% Bourne 22% 59% Bourne 36%

24% Sandwich 76% 61% Sandwich 37%

73% Falmouth 24% 70% Falmouth 26%

28% Mashpee 40% 73% Mashpee 26%

57% Barnstable 42% 72% Barnstable 27%

58% Yarmouth 41% 66% Yarmouth 33%

59% Dennis 39% 71% Dennis 29%

69% Harwich 31% 30% Harwich 67%

35% Brewster 64% 73% Brewster 24%

55% Chatham 43% 47% Chatham 53%

77% Orleans 14% 77% Orleans 22% 100% 93% Eastham 6% Eastham 0%

87% Wellfleet 12% 83% Wellfleet 17%

82% Truro 18% 81% Truro 18%

52% Provincetown 48% 34% Provincetown 65%

25% Gosnold 73% 79% Gosnold 17%

72% Aquinnah 27% 62% Aquinnah 38% 98% 82% Chilmark 17% Chilmark 2% 97% 51% West Tisbury 47% West Tisbury 3%

79% Tisbury 19% 71% Tisbury 25%

77% Oak Bluffs 23% 75% Oak Bluffs 23%

65% Edgartown 34% 71% Edgartown 28%

75% Nantucket 24% 72% Nantucket 27%

Short-Term Erosion Short-Term Accretion Long-Term Erosion Long-Term Accretion

Short-term erosion and accretion trends (1970-2009) per community in the Cape and Islands region. This plot denotes dominant Long-term erosion and accretion trends (1844-2009) per community in the Cape and Islands region. This plot denotes dominant direction, not magnitude, of shoreline movement based on the number of shoreline change transects in each town. direction, not magnitude, of shoreline movement based on the number of shoreline change transects in each town.