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Ostracoda (Myodocopina, Cladocopina, Halocypridina) Mainly from Anchialine Caves in Bermuda

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Ostracoda (Myodocopina, Cladocopina, Halocypridina) Mainly from Anchialine Caves in Bermuda Ostracoda (Myodocopina, Cladocopina, Halocypridina) Mainly from Anchialine Caves in Bermuda LOUIS S. KORNICKER and THOMAS M. ILIFFE SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO ZOOLOGY • NUMBER 475 SERIES PUBLICATIONS OF THE SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION Emphasis upon publication as a means of "diffusing knowledge" was expressed by the first Secretary of the Smithsonian. In his formal plan for the Institution, Joseph Henry outlined a program that included the following statement: "It is proposed to publish a series of reports, giving an account of the new discoveries in science, and of the changes made from year to year in all branches of knowledge." This theme of basic research has been adhered to through the years by thousands of titles issued in series publications under the Smithsonian imprint, commencing with Smithsonian Contributions to Knowledge in 1848 and continuing with the following active series: Smithsonian Contributions to Anthropology Smithsonian Contributions to Astrophysics Smithsonian Contributions to Botany Smithsonian Contributions to the Earth Sciences Smithsonian Contributions to the Marine Sciences Smithsonian Contributions to Paleobiology Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology Smithsonian Folklife Studies Smithsonian Studies in Air and Space Smithsonian Studies in History and Technology In these series, the Institution publishes small papers and full-scale monographs that report the research and collections of its various museums and bureaux or of professional colleagues in the world of science and scholarship. The publications are distributed by mailing lists to libraries, universities, and similar institutions throughout the world. Papers or monographs submitted for series publication are received by the Smithsonian Institution Press, subject to its own review for format and style, only through departments of the various Smithsonian museums or bureaux, where the manuscripts are given substantive review. Press requirements for manuscript and art preparation are outlined on the inside back cover. Robert McC. Adams Secretary Smithsonian Institution SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO ZOOLOGY • NUMBER 475 Ostracoda (Myodocopina, Cladocopina, Halocypridina) Mainly from Anchialine Caves in Bermuda Louis S. Kornicker and Thomas M. Iliffe SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION PRESS Washington, D.C. 1989 ABSTRACT Komicker, Louis S., and Thomas M. Iliffe. Ostracoda (Myodocopina, Cladocopina, Halocypridina) Mainly from Anchialine Caves in Bermuda. Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology, number 47S, 88 pages, 49 figures, 22 tables, 1989.—Ostracoda in the suborders Myodocopina (4 species in 4 genera: Parasterope muellen (Skogsberg, 1920), Rutidermata sterreriKorvicksx, 1981, Pseudophilomedes jfcy/ix,new species, and Sarsiella styx.new species), Cladocopina (4 species in 3 genera: Metapolycope duplex, new species, Micropolycope eurax, new species, M. styx, new species, and Polycopissa anax, new species), and Halocypridina (Spelaeoecia bermudensis Angel and Iliffe, 1987) from anchialine caves in the Bermuda Islands are described and illustrated. Two species of Cladocopina and the single species of Halocypridina are interpreted as troglobitic, 1 species of Cladocopina and 2 of Myodocopina are interpreted as troglophilic, and 1 species of Cladocopina and 2 of Myodocopina are interpreted as accidental cave inhabitants. Accidental inhabitants, few in number, are mostly in caves having strong to moderate currents close to the coast; troglophilic species are fairly abundant in caves with moderate currents close to the coast, and also in caves having weak currents farther from the coast; troglobites inhabit isolated caves without currents usually farther from the coast A new locality (Jane's Cave) is reported for the troglobitic halocyprid ostracode Spelaeoecia bermudensis Angel and Iliffe, 1987. It is concluded that Pseudophilomedes kylix has 4 juvenile instars, Metapolycope duplex has 6, and Polycopissa anax has 5. The first instar of Cladocopina has S appendages, the same number as on the adult (first and second antennae, mandible, maxilla, and fifth limb). The male is described for the first time for the myodocopid Eusarsiella absens (Komicker, 1981), collected from Harrington Sound, Bermuda. Specimens from the continental shelves of North America (Atlantic and Gulf of Mexico) that had previously been referred to Pseudophilomedes ferulanus Komicker, 1958, are described as a new species, Pseudophilomedes darbyi. OFFICIAL PUBLICATION DATE is handstamped in a limited number of initial copies and is recorded in the Institution's annual report, Smithsonian Year. SERIES COVER DESIGN: The coral Monastrea cavernosa (Linnaeus). Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Komicker, Louis S., 1919- Ostracoda (Myodocopina, Cladocopina, Halocypridina) mainly from anchialine caves in Bermuda. (Smithsonian contributions to zoology ; no. 475) Bibliography: p. 1. Ostracoda—Bermuda—Islands—Classification. 2. Crustacea—Classification. 3. Crustacea—Bermuda—Islands— Classification. I. Iliffe, Thomas M. II. Title. III. Series. QL1.S54 no. 475 591 s 88-600225 [QL444.08] [595.3'3097299] Contents Page Introduction 1 Acknowledgments 1 Samples 1 Descriptions of Caves 2 Distribution of Ostracodes 5 Discussion 6 Classification 6 Superorder MYODOCOPA Sars, 1866 8 Order MYODOCOPIDA Sars, 1866 8 Suborder MYODOCOPINA Sars, 1866 8 Superfamily SARSIELLOIDEA Brady and Norman, 1896 8 Family PHILOMEDIDAE Muller, 1906 8 Subfamily PSEUDOPHILOMEDINAE Kornicker, 1967 8 Pseudophilomedes Muller, 1893 8 Pseudophilomedes darbyi Kornicker, new species 9 Pseudophilomedes kylix, new species 11 Family SARSIELLIDAE Brady and Norman, 1896 29 Subfamily SARSIELUNAE Brady and Norman, 1896 29 Eusarsiella Cohen and Kornicker, 1975 29 Eusarsiella absens (Kornicker, 1981) 29 Eusarsiella styx, new species 32 Family RUTIDERMATIDAE Brady and Norman, 1896 43 Rutiderma Brady and Norman, 1896 43 Rutiderma sterreri Kornicker, 1981 43 Superfamily CYUNDROLEBERIDOIDEA Muller, 1906 45 Family CYUNDROLEBERIDIDAE Muller, 1906 45 Subfamily CYLINDROLEBERIDINAE Muller, 1906 45 Parasterope Kornicker, 1975 45 Parasterope muelleri (Skogsberg, 1920) 45 Order HALOCYPRIDA Dana, 1853 46 Suborder HALOCYPRIDINA Dana, 1853 46 Superfamily HALOCYPRIDOIDEA Dana, 1853 46 Family HALOCYPRIDIDAE Dana, 1853 46 Subfamily DEEVEYINAE Kornicker and Iliffe, 1985 46 Spelaeoecia Angel and Iliffe, 1987 46 Spelaeoecia bermudensis Angel and Iliffe, 1987 46 Suborder CLADOCOPINA Sars, 1866 48 Superfamily POLYCOPOIDEA Sars, 1866 48 Family POLYCOPIDAE Sars, 1866 48 Key to the Subfamilies of Polycopidae 48 Subfamily POLYCOPSISINAE Chavtur, 1983 50 Key to the Genera of Polycopsisinae 50 Metapolycope Kornicker and van Morkhoven, 1976 50 Metapolycope duplex, new species 50 Subfamily POLYCOPINAE Sars, 1866 66 Key to the Genera of Polycopinae 68 iii iv SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO ZOOLOGY Micropolycope Chavtur, 1979 69 Micropolycope eurax, new species 69 Micropolycope styx, new species 71 Polycopissa Chavtur, 1979 74 Polycopissa anax, new species 74 Appendix: Station Data with Specimens Collected 83 Literature Cited 86 Ostracoda (Myodocopina, Cladocopina, Halocypridina) Mainly from Anchialine Caves in Bermuda Louis S. Kornicker and Thomas M. Iliffe Introduction Paul Hobbs, Robert Power, and Mary van Soeren (all of the The Bermuda Islands have numerous anchialine caves Bermuda Biological Station for Research, Inc.). We thank Jan supporting a diverse marine fauna (Sket, 1979; Bacescu, 1980; H. Stock (University of Amsterdam, Netherlands) for a Karaman, 1980a, 1980b; Yeatman, 1980; Sket and Iliffe, 1980; specimen from Cathedral Cave. We also thank the following Hart and Manning, 1981, 1986; Sterrer and Iliffe, 1982; people for their help: V.G. Chavtur (USSR Academy of Bowman and Iliffe, 1983, 1985; Manning and Hart, 1984; Sciences, Vladivostok) for reviewing for errors an English Barnard and Clark, 1985; Bartsch and Iliffe, 1985; Fosshagen translation from Russian by Dr. Ervin Otvos (Gulf Coast and Iliffe, 1985; Gutu and Iliffe, 1985, Bacescu and Iliffe, 1986, Marine Laboratory) of his key to genera of the Polycopidae; Boxshall and Iliffe, 1986; Erseus, 1986; Hill et al, 1986; Small Jack Schroeder (Schroeder Prints, Inc., Crisfield, Maryland) et al., 1986; Stock, Holsinger, et al., 1986; Stock, Sket, and for inking the illustrations; Thomas E. Bowman (Smithsonian Iliffe, 1987; WSgele and Brandt, 1985). Ostracoda from the Institution, S.I.), John W. Neale (University of Hull, England), caves in the order Podocopa (32 species) have been studied and I.G. Sohn (U.S. Geological Survey) for reviewing the recently by Maddocks and Iliffe (1986), and in the suborder manuscript; Elizabeth Harrison-Nelson (S.I.) for general Halocypridina (1 species) by Angel and Iliffe (1987). In the assistance; and Joan Horn (S.I.) for final editing and present study ostracodes in the suborder Cladocopina (4 preparation of the manuscript for publication. This paper is species, all new, in 3 genera) and in the suborder Myodocopina Contribution Number 1137 of the Bermuda Biological Station (4 species, 2 new, in 4 genera) are described, and new records for Research. are given for Halocypridina. In addition, the male is described for the first time for the myodocopid Eusarsiella absens Kornicker, 1981, from a sample collected in Harrington Sound, Samples Bermuda; also, specimens from the continental shelves of With the exception of a sample collected by Jan H. Stock, North America (Atlantic and Gulf of Mexico) that had been the samples were collected by the junior author. Most of the referred
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