All India Coordinated Research Project on Micro and Secondary Nutrients & Pollutant Elements in Soils and Plants (Ranchi Centre)
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ANNUAL REPORT (2017-18) All India Coordinated Research Project on Micro and Secondary Nutrients & Pollutant Elements in Soils and Plants (Ranchi Centre) PCM/New Centre/11th Plan/ISSS/dt.20.02.2009 (Out sourcing Centre) ICAR Household Food Security Survey Household Food Security Survey Ekamba village, Kanke, ranchi Nagri, Kanke, ranchi Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer Delinetion programme of Koderma district Safe limit: HRI<1.0 Delinetion programme of Bokaro district Delinetion programme of Bokaro district Department of Soil Science and Agricultural Chemistry Birsa Agricultural University Ranchi-834006, Jharkhand All India Coordinated Research Project on Micro and Secondary Nutrients & Pollutant Elements in Soils and Plants (Out Sourcing Centre) SANCTION NO.PCM/New Centre/ 11th Plan/ ISSS / dt. 20.02.2009 Annual Report 2017-2018 Dr Arvind Kumar Principal Investigator Dr. Manas Denre Research Associate Mr. Ruplal Prasad Senior Research Fellow Soil Science and Agricultural Chemistry, Birsa Agricultural University, Ranchi – 834006,Jharkhand Correct Citation: Kumar, A., Denre, M. and Prasad, R. (2018). Micro and Secondary Nutrients and Pollutant Elements Research in Jharkhand. Ranchi Center Annual Report 2017-2018, AICRP on Micro and Secondary Nutrients and Pollutant Elements in Soils and Plants, BAU, Ranchi, pp. 1-82. I. PREFACE All India Coordinated Research Project on “Micro and Secondary Nutrients & Pollutant Elements in Soils and Plants” was started in 2009 as an out sourcing centre at B.A.U., Ranchi, with the objective to generate systematic information on micro, secondary and pollutant elements in soils and plants of Jharkhand state. In accordance with the mandate of the project in financial year 2017-18, delineation works of two tribal dominated districts and household food security survey in five villages of Ranchi district were completed. I am extremely thankful to the ICAR for giving an opportunity with financial support to work on Micro and Secondary & Pollutant elements for resource poor farmers of Jharkhand state. I am grateful to Dr. A. K. Shukla, Project Coordinator AICRP (Micronutrients), IISS (ICAR) Bhopal for his valuable and constructive suggestions, guidance in completion of all research works assigned to Ranchi Centre. I express my sincere gratitude to Dr. Parvinder Kaushal, Hon’ble Vice-Chancellor, B.A.U., Ranchi, Jharkhand for constructive and moral support in all the ways. Dr. D. N. Singh, Director of Research, BAU and Dr. D. K. Shahi, Chairman, Department of Soil Science and Agricultural Chemistry for providing necessary facilities, time to time technical advice and sincere help and support for successful completion of all the activities in the project. I am equally grateful to Dr. R. Thakur (Dean, Faculty of Agriculture, B.A.U) for his encouragement and moral support. I am also grateful to Dr. B. K. Agrawal Chief Scientist- cum- University Prof., Department of Soil Science and Agricultural Chemistry for his kind cooperation in all matters related to the Project. Faculty members of the department especially Dr. Rakesh Kumar, Univ. Prof. cum Chief Scientist, Dr. S. B. Kumar, Dr. N. C. Gupta, , Dr. P. Mahapatra, Dr. (Mrs.) Asha Kumari, Sri Bhupendra Kumar, and particularly Dr. Manas Denre, Research Associate and Mr. Ruplal Prasad, Senior Research Fellow of the project for extending their cooperation in research work. (ARVIND KUMAR) Principal Investigator, AICRP-MSPE, Ranchi Centre Department of Soil Science & Agricultural Chemistry B.A.U., Ranchi-834006, Jharkhand II. Executive Summary Rice based mono cropping system mostly adopted by the farmers of Koderma and Bokaro district, while as per available of irrigation facility in Rabi season mainly wheat, mustard, vegetables, linseed, onion, chilli etc. also grown by the farmers. In Koderma district 19.26, 55.19 (Don III+II), 19.26 and 6.20 % of total 270 soil samples and in Bokaro district 13.23, 56.92 (Don III+II), 21.54 and 8.31% of total 325 soil samples were collected from up land, medium land, low land and badi land situations of cultivated land, respectively. Acidic, Neutral and Alkaline soils were found 62.22, 20.00 and 17.78 % in Koderma district and subsequently 86.27, 9.50 and 4.23 % in Bokaro district, respectively. Content of Fe, Mn and Cu in soils of Koderma and Bokaro districts were found sufficient. Zinc and Boron content were found deficient in 60.37 and 39.39 % soils of Koderma and 62.60 and 55.69% soils of Bokaro district, respectively. Sulphur content was observed <30 mg kg-1 in 90.00 and 80.62% soils of Koderma and Bokaro district. Health Risk Index for Fe, Mn, Zn, Cu, Pb, Ni, and Co in most of the tested edible plants part of Koderma and Bokaro district were found safe for human diet. Percent gap of Fe, Zn, Cu and Mn supplement in human nutrition was observed 65.2 to 76.8, 84.1 to 89.4, 73.6 to 85.3 and 53.1 to 76.6 percent in Koderma district, while it was noticed from 73.30 to 82.20, 91.90 to 94.00, 87.20 to 92.89 and 68.00 to 84.00 percent in Bokaro district, respectively in different age groups and gender of human. Electrical conductivity in water resources was found 0.33 (Pond) to 0.59 (Bore well) dS m-1 in Koderma and 0.32 (Well) to 0.78 (River) dS m-1 in Bokaro district. High pH value 7.67 in canal water and less pH value 7.02 in well water of Koderma district and similarly high pH value 7.54 in river water and low pH value 5.94 in well water were observed in Bokaro district. Relative concentration of Zn, Cu, Fe, Mn, B, S, Pb, Ni, Co and Cd in different irrigation sources of Koderma district was observed in following sequence Relative concentration of elements in different water sources Sources Relative elements Bore well Fe>S>B>Ni>Pb>Mn>Zn>Co>Cu>Cd Canal S>Fe>Mn>Ni>B>Pb>Cu>Zn>Co>Cd Pond S>Fe>Mn>B>Ni>Pb>Cu>Co>Zn>Cd River S>Fe>Mn>Ni>B>Pb>Co>Cu>Zn>Cd Well S>Fe>Mn>B>Ni>Pb>Zn>Co>Cu>Cd Relative concentration of Zn, Cu, Fe, Mn, B, S, Pb, Ni, Co and Cd in different irrigation sources of Bokaro district was observed in following sequence Relative concentration of elements in different water sources of Bokaro district Sources Relative elements Bore well S>B>Fe>Zn>Ni>Co>Mn>Pb>Cu>Cd Canal S>B>Fe>Ni>Pb>Co>Zn>Cu>Mn>Cd Pond S>B>Fe>Ni>Pb>Co>Zn>Mn>Cu>Cd River S>B>Fe>Ni>Pb>Zn>Mn>Co>Cu>Cd Well S>B>Fe>Ni>Zn>Co>Pb>Cu>Mn>Cd In Koderma district all water resources were found safe for irrigation, except some resources, where pH Co and Cd found slightly higher to permissible limit. More or less similar findings also reflected in water resources of Bokaro district. House hold food security survey reflected poor socio-economical condition of farmers in all five surveyed villages of Ranchi District. Where on an average about 90% farmers having <1.0 ha house holding, annual income of 60% family was <1.50 lakhs. Main occupation of the people was wages (About 30%) and agriculture (about 20%), illiteracy rate were found in about 25% villages. Goat, pig and poultry rearing were more popular in all five villages. Measurement of HFIAS, CSI, FCS and HDDS on the basis of interacted questions reflected the sever food insecurity in tribal dominated Nagri, Ekamba, Chandwey, Dubliya and Hisir village of Ranchi district. INDEX Sl. Particulars Page No. No. 1. Introduction 1 1.2 General Report 1 1.1 Budget & Finance 1 2. Materials and Methods 2-5 2.1 Delineation work in two tribal dominated districts (Koderma & Bokaro) 2 of Jharkhand 2.1.1 Koderma District 2 2.1.2 Bokaro District 2 2.1.3 Methods adopted for analysis of soil samples 3 2.1.4 Methods adopted for analysis of water samples 3-4 2.1.5 Methods adopted for analysis of plant samples 4 2.1.6 Method adopted for determination of Daily Intake of Trace Metal 5 (DITM), Health Risk Index (HRI) and Transfer Factor (TF) 3. Progress of Research Work 6-82 3.1 Delineation works in Koderma district 6-23 3.1.1 Collection of samples 6 3.1.2 Cropping System in Koderma district 6-7 3.1.3 Land situation status of Koderma district 6-7 3.1.4 Soils of Koderma district 7-13 3.1.4.1 Variation in Soil Reaction (pH), Electrical 7-9 Conductivity (EC) and Organic Carbon (OC) content as per land situation in Koderma district 3.1.4.2 Variation of Fe, Mn and Cu content (mg kg-1) in soil as 10 per land situation in Koderma district 3.1.4.3 Variation of Content of Zn, B and S in different land 11-12 situation of Koderma district 3.1.4.4 Variation of Pb, Ni and Co content (mg kg-1) in soil as 12 per land situation in Koderma district 3.1.4.5 Scenario of Fe, Mn, Zn, Cu, B and S deficiency in 12-13 different blocks of Koderma district 3.1.5 Plants analysis and interpretation of Koderma district 13-18 3.1.5.1 Moisture content in edible part of plants 13-14 3.1.5.2 Trace metal content mg kg-1 on fresh weight basis in 13-14 edible part of plant 3.1.5.3 Trace metal contents in soils at plant collection site 13-15 3.1.5.4 Transfer factor of trace metal in edible part of plant 15 3.1.5.5 Trace metal content (mg kg-1) on dry weight basis in 16 edible part of plant 3.1.5.6 Daily intake of metals 16-17 3.1.5.7 Health Risk Index 17 3.1.5.8 Recommended Dietary Allowance of trace metal 17-18 3.1.6 Water analysis and interpretation of Koderma district 19-23 3.1.6.1 pH and EC in water of different irrigation sources in 19 Koderma district 3.1.6.2 Content of Fe and Mn in irrigation water 19-20 3.1.6.3 Content of Cu and Zn in irrigation water 19-20 3.1.6.4 Content of Pb and Ni in irrigation water 20-21 3.1.6.5 Content of Co and Cd in irrigation water 21 3.1.6.6 Content of B and S in irrigation water 22 3.1.6.7 Relative concentration of elements